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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Dikes and Ditches, by Oliver Optic
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Dikes and Ditches
+       Young America in Holland and Belguim
+
+Author: Oliver Optic
+
+Release Date: May 16, 2008 [EBook #25485]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DIKES AND DITCHES ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by David Edwards and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
+produced from images generously made available by The
+Internet Archive)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  YOUNG AMERICA ABROAD
+
+  By
+
+  OLIVER OPTIC
+
+  DIKES AND DITCHES
+
+  BOSTON
+
+  Lee & Shepard.
+
+  [Illustration: A SQUALL IN THE GERMAN OCEAN.--Page 36.]
+
+  [Illustration]
+
+  DIKES AND DITCHES;
+
+  OR,
+
+  YOUNG AMERICA IN HOLLAND AND BELGIUM.
+
+  A STORY OF TRAVEL AND ADVENTURE.
+
+  BY
+
+  OLIVER OPTIC.
+
+  BOSTON:
+
+  LEE AND SHEPARD, PUBLISHERS.
+
+  NEW YORK:
+
+  LEE, SHEPARD & DILLINGHAM, 49 GREENE STREET.
+
+  1874.
+
+   Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1868, by
+   WILLIAM T. ADAMS,
+   In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts.
+
+   ELECTROTYPED AT THE
+   _Boston Stereotype Foundry,_
+   No. 19 Spring Lane.
+
+
+
+
+                             TO
+
+         My Fellow-Voyager in the Steamship Persia
+
+         DURING A PLEASANT TRIP ACROSS THE ATLANTIC,
+
+                          IN 1865,
+
+                      _STEPHEN S. HOE_,
+
+   WHOSE NAME EVER REMINDS ME OF MY PERSONAL INDEBTEDNESS
+       FOR MUCH OF THE PLEASURE OF THE VOYAGE; NOT ONLY
+         TO MY YOUNG FRIEND WHOSE NAME I MENTION HERE,
+           BUT ALSO TO HIM WHO SAT OPPOSITE TO US AT
+             TABLE, WHOSE NAME, ASSOCIATED WITH
+               ONE OF THE PROUDEST ACHIEVEMENTS
+                 OF AMERICAN INVENTIVE GENIUS,
+                   I NEED NOT MENTION, FOR
+                     NO WORD OF MINE
+                       COULD HONOR
+                           IT,
+
+                       _THIS VOLUME_
+
+                IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED.
+
+
+
+
+YOUNG AMERICA ABROAD.
+
+BY OLIVER OPTIC.
+
+
+     A Library of Travel and Adventure in Foreign Lands. First and
+     Second Series; six volumes in each Series. 16mo. Illustrated.
+
+
+_First Series._
+
+   I. _OUTWARD BOUND;_ OR, YOUNG AMERICA AFLOAT.
+
+   II. _SHAMROCK AND THISTLE_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA
+   IN IRELAND AND SCOTLAND.
+
+   III. _RED CROSS_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA IN ENGLAND AND
+   WALES.
+
+   IV. _DIKES AND DITCHES_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA IN
+   HOLLAND AND BELGIUM.
+
+   V. _PALACE AND COTTAGE_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA
+   IN FRANCE AND SWITZERLAND.
+
+   VI. _DOWN THE RHINE_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA IN
+   GERMANY.
+
+
+_Second Series._
+
+   I. _UP THE BALTIC_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA IN DENMARK
+   AND SWEDEN.
+
+   II. _NORTHERN LANDS_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA IN
+   PRUSSIA AND RUSSIA.
+
+   III. _VINE AND OLIVE_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA IN SPAIN
+   AND PORTUGAL.
+
+   IV. _SUNNY SHORES_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA IN ITALY
+   AND AUSTRIA.
+
+   V. _CROSS AND CRESCENT_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA
+   IN GREECE AND TURKEY.
+
+   VI. _ISLES OF THE SEA_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA HOMEWARD
+   BOUND.
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+DIKES AND DITCHES, the fourth of the "YOUNG AMERICA ABROAD" series, is a
+continuation of the history of the Academy Ship and her consort in the
+waters of Holland and Belgium. As in its predecessors, those parts of
+the book which lie within the domain of history and fact are intended to
+be entirely reliable; and great care has been used to make them so. The
+author finds his notes so copious, and his recollections of the Low
+Countries so full of interest, that he has felt obliged to devote a
+considerable portion of the work to the geography and history of the
+country, and to the manners and customs of the people; but there is so
+much that is novel in the region itself, and so much that is stirring
+and even "sensational" in the history of the sturdy patriots of Holland,
+that he hopes his young friends will not complain of the proportion in
+which he has mingled his material. It would be a very great happiness to
+him to have excited a sufficient degree of interest in these countries
+to induce the boys and girls to read Mr. Motley's inimitable works, "The
+Rise of the Dutch Republic," and "The History of the United
+Netherlands." The writer is confident that young people will find these
+volumes quite as attractive as the story books of the day.
+
+DIKES AND DITCHES has its independent story of the adventures of the
+students. Though the Academy Squadron has thus far been remarkably
+fortunate in the character of its instructors, Professor Hamblin proves
+to be an exception, and the crews of the ship and her consort are
+unhappily plunged into sundry disciplinary tribulations by his
+overstrained dignity, and by his want of discretion. The young
+commander of the Josephine suffers from the evils of a divided
+authority, which brings him into conflict with the senior instructor
+before experience suggests the remedy. While the principal is compelled
+to punish the students for their misconduct in "hazing" the obnoxious
+professor, he also finds it necessary to abate the nuisance of a
+conceited, overbearing, and tyrannical pedagogue. Boys cannot be
+expected to be angels in school, until their instructors have soared to
+this sublime height.
+
+The author of the series, more than ever encouraged by the hearty and
+generous favor of his readers, submits this volume to their
+consideration, trusting that they will at least appreciate his earnest
+efforts not only to please, but to instruct them.
+
+   HARRISON SQUARE, MASS.,
+           April 9, 1868.
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+
+   CHAPTER                                                          PAGE
+
+      I. THE PROFESSOR AND THE CAPTAIN.                               11
+
+     II. A SQUALL IN THE GERMAN OCEAN.                                27
+
+    III. SOMETHING ABOUT DIKES.                                       43
+
+     IV. UP THE SCHELDT TO FLUSHING.                                  59
+
+      V. CAPTAIN SCHIMMELPENNINK.                                     76
+
+     VI. PROFESSOR HAMBLIN CHANGES HIS MIND.                          93
+
+    VII. THE LECTURE ON BELGIUM.                                     110
+
+   VIII. ANTWERP AND RUBENS.                                         129
+
+     IX. TROUBLE ON BOARD THE JOSEPHINE.                             146
+
+      X. WHO WAS CAPTAIN OF THE JOSEPHINE.                           162
+
+     XI. ON THE WAY TO GHENT.                                        179
+
+    XII. IN BELGIUM'S CAPITAL.                                       195
+
+   XIII. THREE CHEERS FOR THE KING OF BELGIUM.                       213
+
+    XIV. THE VICE-PRINCIPAL.                                         230
+
+     XV. THE PROFESSOR'S CHARGE.                                     245
+
+     XVI. CAPTAIN KENDALL'S DEFENCE.                                 262
+
+    XVII. MORE ABOUT THE DIKES AND DITCHES.                          278
+
+   XVIII. AN EXCURSION AMONG THE DIKES.                              293
+
+     XIX. A RUN THROUGH HOLLAND.                                     310
+
+      XX. ADIEU TO HOLLAND AND PROFESSOR HAMBLIN.                    328
+
+
+
+
+DIKES AND DITCHES;
+
+OR,
+
+YOUNG AMERICA IN HOLLAND AND BELGIUM.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER I.
+
+THE PROFESSOR AND THE CAPTAIN.
+
+
+The Young America, with every rag of canvas set, including
+studding-sails alow and aloft, rolled and pitched gracefully on the long
+swells of the German Ocean. The wind was very light from the north-west,
+and there was hardly enough of it to give the ship steerage-way. A mile
+off, on her starboard bow, was the Josephine, beclouded in the quantity
+of sail she carried, but hardly leaving a wake in the blue waters behind
+her. The hummocks and the low land of the shores of Holland and Belgium
+were in sight; but, with the present breeze, there was but little hope
+of reaching the mouth of the Scheldt that night, though it was hardly
+twenty miles distant.
+
+The regular course of instruction was in progress in both vessels, the
+starboard watch of each being in the steerage, attending to their
+studies, while the port watch were on deck, in charge of the sailing
+department. Mr. Lowington paced the deck of the ship, and, with the
+habit of an old sailor, frequently cast his eyes aloft to see what sails
+were drawing. Occasionally, from a custom begotten of his solicitude for
+his charge, he glanced at the Josephine.
+
+The squadron did not make even a mile an hour; and when the watch was
+changed, at four o'clock, there was not a breath of air to ruffle the
+glassy waves. The ship rolled and pitched on the swells, and the sails
+slapped against the masts and rigging under the effect of her motion.
+The young seamen on deck, without being in a hurry, were annoyed and
+vexed, as all sailors are in a calm. They partook of the heaviness of
+the scene, and gaped and yawned, from mere inactivity, and the want of
+something to occupy their minds.
+
+The calm was only the prelude of a lively scene. To the westward, beyond
+the low coast line dimly seen in the distance, was a dense mass of black
+clouds, rising rapidly towards the zenith. Low, muttering, muffled
+thunder came over the sea. The sun went into the inky veil; and then the
+lightnings flashed, faintly at first, but glaring brighter and brighter
+as the darkness increased.
+
+Mr. Lowington still paced the deck; but, instead of looking aloft now,
+he cast frequent glances at the officer of the deck, who was watching
+the dense black clouds. The principal said nothing; for, whatever views
+he had in regard to the working of the ship, it was his policy never to
+interfere until absolutely necessary. The officers were encouraged to do
+their own thinking, and were expected to take all necessary precautions
+for the safety of the ship at the right time. The second lieutenant was
+in charge of the deck, and as yet he had taken no step which indicated
+that he was conscious of any peril.
+
+"Mr. Lavender," said he, at last, when the principal's movements had
+begun to be a little nervous.
+
+The second midshipman, who was the third officer in rank on duty,
+stepped up to the lieutenant and touched his cap.
+
+"Tell the captain there is a shower coming up, and that the clouds look
+squally," added Mr. Ellis, the officer of the deck.
+
+Lavender touched his cap, and went down into the steerage, where the
+captain was reciting his French lesson to Professor Badois.
+
+"Excuse me," said Captain Haven. "I must go on deck, for I suppose Mr.
+Lowington wouldn't give an order to take in sail if the masts were blown
+out of the ship."
+
+The commander of the Young America went on deck in a hurry. He and all
+below had observed the sudden darkness which pervaded the steerage, and
+they were rather glad to have something stirring occur to break up the
+monotony of the calm. The captain looked at the black clouds, and
+promptly directed the officer of the deck to take in the studding-sails,
+which was done by the watch.
+
+The clouds wore that peculiar appearance which indicates wind--an aspect
+which the old sailor readily recognizes. Captain Haven was familiar
+enough with the weather signs to understand what was coming; but the
+young sailor is almost as much afraid of taking in sail too soon as of
+being too tardy in doing so. There is as much vanity in carrying sail as
+in wearing fine clothes. The captain did not wish to be too cautious,
+for that would cause a smile upon the faces of the ship's crew.
+
+He looked at Mr. Lowington, who seemed to be perfectly satisfied, or
+rather his attention was directed entirely to the Josephine, which had
+not yet taken in her huge fore square-sail. Then he studied the
+threatening pile of black clouds, which had now nearly reached the
+zenith; while the thunder rattled, and the lightnings flashed with
+blinding glare.
+
+"Take in topgallant-sails and royals," said Captain Haven to the officer
+of the deck, now satisfied that his reputation for carrying sail could
+not suffer in the face of such admonitory indications.
+
+Mr. Ellis called on the entire starboard watch to obey his orders; for
+only a quarter watch was required to handle the ship under ordinary
+circumstances, the other portion of the watch being idlers on deck. The
+light sails were taken in; and Mr. Lowington made no comment, as he
+sometimes did, after an evolution had been performed, in order to
+express his approval or otherwise of the action of the captain.
+
+The Josephine was most strangely deficient in caution on the present
+occasion, and the principal was evidently much disturbed by the conduct
+of her captain, who was usually very prudent, without being timid. There
+she was, with all her extra sail set and flapping in the calm, while a
+tempest was brewing before her.
+
+"Captain Kendall must be asleep," said Mr. Lowington, nervously, to
+Peaks, the adult boatswain of the ship.
+
+"And the officers too," replied the old salt, hitching up his trousers.
+"We ought to fire a gun to wake them up."
+
+"It is not like Captain Kendall to be caught napping when a squall is
+gathering," added the principal.
+
+"I should think the thunder would wake them up. It's heavy for these
+parts. That squall will come all at once when it does come. It will take
+their sails right out of the bolt-ropes."
+
+Mr. Lowington walked aft again, and on the quarter-deck met Flag-officer
+Gordon, who had also been observing the Josephine, and wondering at her
+continued neglect of the most ordinary precautions.
+
+"Mr. Lavender," said the commander of the squadron.
+
+The midshipman, ever ready to do the meagre duties assigned to him,
+touched his cap to Captain Gordon.
+
+"Pass the word for the signal-officer," added the flag-officer.
+
+"That's right, Captain Gordon!" exclaimed the principal. "If the
+officers of the Josephine don't do better than this, they must be
+broken. I am astonished."
+
+"So am I, sir. Captain Kendall is usually very careful, and what he
+don't see isn't worth seeing."
+
+"Be as expeditious as possible, for the squall will soon be upon us."
+
+The signal-officer appeared with the midshipman and quartermaster in
+charge of the signals. Captain Gordon ordered the number, "Take in
+sail," to be set.
+
+Paul Kendall was severely criticised on board of the ship; but, before
+he has suffered too much in the estimation of his sympathizing friends,
+let our readers be transferred to the steerage of the Josephine, in
+which, as the consort of the Academy Ship, the same rules and
+regulations prevailed. The port watch were at their studies, while the
+starboard watch had the deck, in charge of Mr. Terrill, the first
+lieutenant. This was the captain's study time, for he was a member of
+the several classes, and in school hours was subject to the discipline
+of the professors, the same as other students.
+
+When the squall began to gather, Professor Hamblin was hearing the
+recitation in Greek. The learned gentleman did not think a scholar knew
+anything unless he possessed a considerable knowledge of Greek. It was
+his favorite branch, and the class in this language was his pet. He was
+a strict disciplinarian, and never allowed anything to interrupt the
+recitation in Greek if he could possibly avoid it. No scholar, not even
+the captain, as the regulations then were, could leave the class without
+his permission. It is true, the rule had not been made, or even been
+considered, with special reference to the commander of the vessel; but
+Paul had always quietly submitted to it, even at some inconvenience and
+sacrifice to himself. No emergency had arisen, since the Josephine went
+into commission, which required the setting aside of the rule, and it
+was supposed the professors would have judgment enough to use it with
+proper discretion.
+
+Professor Hamblin, so far as Greek roots were concerned, was not lacking
+in judgment; but he knew no more about a ship than Cleats, the
+boatswain, did about Greek. He was a very learned man, and lived in a
+Greek and Latin atmosphere. The dead languages were the chief end of man
+to him. He was cold, stern, and precise, except that, when hearing a
+class in Greek, he warmed up a little, and became more human, especially
+if the students manifested a becoming interest in his favorite branch.
+
+Unfortunately for Paul Kendall, he was not an enthusiastic devotee of
+the Greek language and literature. He lived too much in the present to
+be enamoured of anything so old, and, as it seemed to him, so
+comparatively useless. But he was faithful in the discharge of all the
+academic requirements of the institution, not excepting even those
+branches which he disliked. Though he was always very respectful to
+Professor Hamblin, he was candid enough to say that he did not like
+Greek. He was, therefore, no favorite of the learned gentleman, who
+thought his abilities and his scholarship were over-estimated--because
+he did not like the dead languages.
+
+"Mr. Terrill directs me to inform you that a squall is coming up," said
+Ritchie, the third master, as he touched his cap to Captain Kendall.
+
+"No interruption! No interruption!" interposed Professor Hamblin, very
+ill-naturedly.
+
+The third master touched his cap, as the captain bowed to him in
+acknowledgment that he had heard the message, and then retired. The
+professor was vexed: perhaps he was a little more ill-natured than
+usual, on account of being slightly seasick--an effect produced by the
+uneasy roll of the vessel in the calm.
+
+"Now, Mr. Kendall, go on with the dual of [Greek: admêv]," added he, as
+Ritchie retired.
+
+"I must beg you will excuse me, Professor Hamblin," said Paul, with the
+utmost deference, as he rose from the bench on which he was seated.
+
+"Go on with the dual!" replied the professor, sternly.
+
+Paul looked at the snapping gray eye of the learned gentleman, and was
+assured that he had a will of his own. As the captain of the Josephine,
+he did not wish to set an example of insubordination, which others might
+adopt before they were certain that the emergency required it. He had
+not seen the gathering clouds, and he had full confidence in the
+judgment and skill of Terrill, who was in charge of the deck. The rule
+was that the professors should be obeyed in study hours. This had always
+been the regulation on board the ship; but, then, the principal, who was
+a sailor himself, was always present to prevent any abuse of power.
+
+Paul decided to yield the point for a time, at least, and he recited his
+lesson as directed by the professor. Half an hour later, Ritchie
+appeared again, with another message from the first lieutenant, to the
+effect that the squall was almost upon them. This was about the time
+that Flag-officer Gordon had sent for the signal-officer, on board of
+the ship.
+
+"You must excuse me now, Professor Hamblin, for I must go on deck," said
+Paul, as respectfully as he could speak.
+
+"I can't spare you; I haven't finished the exercise yet," replied Mr.
+Hamblin, sourly. "This is a plan to break up the lesson in Greek,
+because some of the young gentlemen don't like to study it."
+
+"I beg your pardon, sir; but the officer of the deck sends me word that
+the squall is upon us. You can hear the thunder and see the lightning,"
+added Paul.
+
+"I am not afraid of thunder and lightning," growled the professor. "My
+classes are not to be broken up on any frivolous pretences. Mr.
+Lowington assured me I had full powers over all during study hours; and
+I tell you to be seated, and go on with your recitation."
+
+"But the vessel is in danger, sir," protested Paul.
+
+"I'm not afraid, and you need not be. Take your seat, sir, or I will
+report you to the principal."
+
+Paul's face flushed. No officer or professor had before ever threatened
+to report him to Mr. Lowington. Mr. Hamblin was as ignorant as a baby
+upon nautical matters, and while the Josephine rolled easily on the
+waves, and the sails flapped idly against the masts, he could imagine no
+peril.
+
+"I am sorry to disobey your order, sir; but in this instance I must,"
+said Paul, firmly, though his voice trembled with emotion.
+
+"Very well, sir," replied the professor, angrily, "I shall report you to
+the principal, and if I have any influence with him, you will be removed
+from your present position."
+
+Paul did not wait to hear any more, but hastened on deck. His quick eye
+discovered the peril of the moment. The squall was indeed upon them. At
+the peak of the Young America hung the signal which had been hoisted;
+but it was not necessary to look in the book for its meaning.
+
+"Mr. Terrill, call all hands--quick!" said Captain Kendall, in sharp
+tones.
+
+"All hands on deck, ahoy!" roared the boatswain's mate, as he piped his
+shrill whistle at the main hatch.
+
+The students flew from their seats at the mess table, deserting the two
+professors without an apology. With only two exceptions, the officers
+and crew of the Josephine were all old sailors. Most of them had been on
+board the ship for two years, and a sudden squall was no new thing to
+them. They leaped into their stations, and when the orders were given
+they knew exactly what to do.
+
+"Stand by sheets and halyards!" shouted the first lieutenant. "Man the
+jib, and flying jib halyards, and downhauls!"
+
+"All ready forward, sir," reported the second lieutenant, whose place
+was on the forecastle.
+
+"Man the topgallant clewlines and buntlines!" continued Terrill.
+
+"All ready, sir!"
+
+"Ease off the sheets! Settle away the halyards! Clew up! Lay aloft, and
+furl topgallant-sail!"
+
+The topgallant men sprang up the rigging like so many cats, for all
+hands had been thoroughly waked up by the impending peril.
+
+"Let go the flying jib halyard! Haul down! Lay out and stow the flying
+jib!"
+
+"Man the topsail clewlines and buntlines!"
+
+"All ready, sir," replied the second lieutenant.
+
+"Let go the topsail sheets! Clew up! Settle away the halyards! Haul taut
+the braces!"
+
+All this was done in half the time it takes to read it; and the light
+sails of the Josephine were furled. The main gaff-topsail was taken in,
+and then the schooner had only her jib, foresail, and mainsail. It was
+not necessary to take these in until the peril became more imminent; but
+Paul ordered the foresail to be lowered, and reefed, for the vessel was
+supposed to lie to best under this sail. The Young America had furled
+everything except her topsails, jib, and spanker.
+
+Professor Hamblin had not yet recovered from his astonishment, and he
+was as indignant as a learned Greek scholar could be. Professor Stoute
+and himself were the only persons left in the steerage; but while the
+former laughed, the latter stormed.
+
+"I have been insulted, Mr. Stoute," said the learned gentleman. "That
+boy has disobeyed me, as though I were a person of no consequence."
+
+"Why, he was perfectly respectful to you," laughed the good-natured
+professor. "You must remember that he is the captain of the ship, and
+that everything depends upon him."
+
+"He left the class contrary to my orders; and not satisfied with that,
+he calls all the rest of the students on deck," added Mr. Hamblin,
+wrathfully. "I had not finished the Greek lesson."
+
+"But there's a squall coming up," pleaded Mr. Stoute.
+
+"What if there was a squall coming up. The principal assured me there
+were hands enough on deck to work the vessel under all ordinary
+circumstances."
+
+"But you don't understand the matter, Mr. Hamblin," continued the jolly
+professor.
+
+"Do you mean to insult me too, Mr. Stoute?" demanded the irate
+fountain-head of Greek literature.
+
+"Certainly not; I beg your pardon, Mr. Hamblin," replied Mr. Stoute,
+laughing more heartily than before. "I do not profess to comprehend
+these nautical affairs; but I presume it was necessary to call all
+hands, or the captain would not have done so."
+
+"It was not necessary. I am willing to take the responsibility of that
+assertion myself, and I shall report this disrespect and disobedience of
+the captain to Mr. Lowington. If he chooses to sustain the delinquent in
+such gross misconduct, I will leave the vessel at the first port we
+enter."
+
+"Mr. Lowington will certainly do justice to both of you."
+
+"Excuse me, Mr. Stoute; he must do justice to _me_. I have been a
+schoolmaster and a professor in college all my lifetime, and I do not
+wish to have any one speak of settling a case between me and one of my
+pupils. There is only one side to such a question," replied Mr. Hamblin,
+whose dignity was terribly damaged by the incident of the afternoon.
+
+"Well, Mr. Hamblin, I wish to be respectful; but I also mean to be
+candid. I feel compelled to say that I believe you are all wrong."
+
+"All wrong, sir!"
+
+"Yes, sir; all wrong. Look at the question for one moment."
+
+"I don't wish to look at it. Between teacher and pupil there can be no
+issues of any kind. It is my place to command, my scholar's to obey, in
+the school-room."
+
+"Now, really, Mr. Hamblin," continued the laughing professor, rubbing
+his hands, as though he enjoyed the controversy, "while I agree with you
+on the general principle, I must differ from you in its application to
+this particular case. Your pupil is the commander of the vessel. Our
+very lives depend upon his prudence and skill. It was necessary to take
+in sail."
+
+"Very well. Wasn't half the crew on deck for that purpose?" interposed
+Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"But who shall determine whether it is necessary or not to take in
+sail?"
+
+"The officer who has the care of the vessel for the time being, of
+course. Then there are Mr. Cleats, and Mr. Gage, and the servants to
+help them reduce the sails, if needed. There is not the least necessity
+for disturbing the classes."
+
+"But no one except the captain can give the order to take in a single
+sail in the daytime. This vessel is under naval discipline, you are
+aware; but I think you cannot have read the rules. Here they are," added
+Mr. Stoute, taking the printed regulations of the ship from his pocket.
+"Officer of the Deck. He is not to make or take in sail in the daytime,
+except in a squall, without directions from the captain; but in the
+night he may take in sail, acquainting the captain with his reasons,
+which he must enter on the log."
+
+"Well, this is a squall--isn't it?" growled Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"Perhaps it will be; but it seems to me quite proper that the captain
+should go on deck when there is any danger. For my part, I have some
+regard for my fat body, and I don't care about leaving it here at the
+bottom of the German Ocean," chuckled Mr. Stoute; and he always laughed
+with especial gusto when he had said anything which he thought was
+funny. "The captain can leave any of my classes when he is sent for to
+look out for the vessel."
+
+"Mr. Stoute, this is a question of discipline; and higher considerations
+than those of merely personal comfort and security should be brought to
+bear upon it. It would be impossible for me to impart to my pupils a
+knowledge of that noblest language of the historic past, if they are to
+be permitted to leave the class when they choose to do so. I shall refer
+this matter to Mr. Lowington for his decision. He must suspend the
+captain, or he must suspend me. If I cannot control my scholars, I will
+not attempt to instruct. It would be preposterous to do so. I shall take
+a boat, and go on board of the ship at once, for this difficulty admits
+of no delay."
+
+Professor Hamblin, in high dudgeon, took his hat, and went up the
+ladder. Mr. Stoute shook his fat sides, laughing at the ire of his
+distinguished and learned associate. He was desirous of seeing his
+companion start for the ship in the approaching tempest, and he followed
+him on deck.
+
+"Captain Kendall," said Mr. Hamblin, sternly, as he walked up to the
+young commander, heedless of the rattling thunder and the flashing
+lightning.
+
+Paul bowed politely, and looked at the professor, intimating that he was
+ready to hear him. It was noticeable that Mr. Hamblin always called the
+commander "Mr. Kendall" when he was in the steerage attending to his
+studies, and "Captain Kendall" on deck, or in the cabin. The professor
+intended to indicate, by this choice of terms, that he was captain
+during school hours.
+
+"Captain Kendall, I desire a boat immediately," added Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"A boat!" exclaimed Paul, astonished at the request at such a time.
+
+"I said a boat, Captain Kendall. I purpose to refer the matter of your
+disobedience to Mr. Lowington without any unnecessary delay."
+
+"But, Mr. Hamblin, there is a squall coming up."
+
+"I am aware of that; but I demand the boat."
+
+"It would be dangerous, sir. The boat would certainly be swamped."
+
+"I will take the responsibility of that."
+
+"I should be very happy to furnish the boat, sir; but I cannot expose a
+crew to such a storm as will soon break upon us," replied Paul.
+
+"You refuse--do you?" demanded the professor, angrily.
+
+"I feel compelled to do so, sir."
+
+"In my hearing, Mr. Lowington instructed you to furnish the professors
+with a boat at any time when they desired it."
+
+"I will furnish the boat, sir; but I will not expose the crew to such
+peril. I will hoist out the third cutter for you, sir, if you wish."
+
+"I demand a sufficient number of sailors to row the boat."
+
+"You will pardon me, sir; but I will not send any seamen into a boat
+until the squall is over. It is unreasonable to ask such a thing."
+
+"Unreasonable, sir! How dare you tell me I am unreasonable?" stormed the
+professor, stamping his foot upon the deck.
+
+Paul bowed, but made no reply. He was placed in a very disagreeable and
+painful position. He knew that it was madness to send a boat off while
+the squall was impending. Mr. Hamblin was wrathy. The long billows were
+black and smooth, and the sails hung idly on the gaffs. There was no
+danger then, and the learned gentleman had been so fortunate as never to
+see any of the perils of the ocean. His passage to England in the
+steamer had been a remarkably pleasant one. Nothing like a gale, or even
+a high wind, had interrupted its serenity, and the professor had imbibed
+a certain contempt for the perils of the ocean. He had never seen them;
+and, if mere boys were able to work such a vessel as the Josephine, a
+learned man like himself need not tremble in their presence.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER II.
+
+A SQUALL IN THE GERMAN OCEAN.
+
+
+"Mr. Cleats!" said Professor Hamblin, in the most sternly solemn and
+impressive manner, as he rushed up to the adult boatswain of the
+Josephine.
+
+"Here, sir!" responded the old salt, touching his cap as politely as
+though the learned gentleman had been an admiral.
+
+"I want a boat, sir," continued the professor, fiercely.
+
+"Your honor must apply to the captain," answered Cleats, touching his
+cap again.
+
+"I have applied to him, and he has refused me. I desire you to take a
+boat, and row me to the ship. The carpenter can assist you."
+
+"Bless your honor's heart, I can't go without the captain's orders,"
+added Cleats, opening his eyes as wide as though he had been invited to
+head a mutiny.
+
+"I will protect you from any harm, Mr. Cleats. I will represent the
+matter to Mr. Lowington."
+
+"I never do anything, your honor, without orders from the captain. It
+would be mutiny for me to do so, and I should be hung at the fore
+yard-arm."
+
+"Nonsense, Mr. Cleats! Will you listen to reason?"
+
+"Sartain, your honor. I always listen to reason; but there isn't any
+reason in leaving the ship without the captain's orders."
+
+"But the captain says I may have the boat; and I only want a couple of
+men to row it."
+
+"I will pull the boat with the greatest pleasure, sir, if the captain
+orders me to do so; or the first lieutenant, for that matter, sir. I
+always obey orders, sir, if it sinks the ship."
+
+"I have a complaint to make against the captain for disobedience of my
+orders, and he will not permit me to go on board of the ship to prefer
+the charge."
+
+"Whew!" whistled the boatswain, as long and loud as though the sound had
+been made with his own shrill pipe. "A complaint against the captain! I
+beg your honor's pardon, but that can't be. Nobody can have a complaint
+against the captain."
+
+"I do not wish to argue the matter with you. Will you do what I ask, or
+not?"
+
+"I beg your honor's pardon, but I will not," replied Cleats, who seemed
+to have no doubt in regard to his own course, whatever rupture there
+might be among the powers above him.
+
+"That's enough," growled Mr. Hamblin, turning on his heel.
+
+"There's a big squall coming, your honor," added Cleats, loud enough for
+the professor to hear him. "The boat wouldn't live a minute in it."
+
+"I am not afraid of the squall," replied the learned gentleman, pausing.
+"Will you row the boat?"
+
+"No, sir; I would rather not," answered Cleats, shaking his head.
+
+At this moment a heavy roaring, rushing sound came over the sea from
+the direction of the land. The water was covered with a dense white
+mist. The sound increased in volume till it vied with the booming
+thunder, and the surface of the sea was lashed into a snowy foam by the
+coming tempest.
+
+"Down with the jib and mainsail!" shouted Captain Kendall, sharply.
+
+"Stand by the mainsail halyards!" said Terrill, through his speaking
+trumpet. "Man the jib halyards and downhaul!"
+
+"All ready, sir," replied the second lieutenant, forward; for all hands
+were still at their stations, in anticipation of the emergency.
+
+"All ready, sir," added the fourth lieutenant, whose place was on the
+quarter-deck.
+
+"Let go the mainsail halyards!" added the first lieutenant; and the
+order was repeated by the fourth lieutenant. "Down with it, lively!"
+
+The heavy sail, assisted by twenty pairs of willing and eager hands,
+rattled down in an instant, and was speedily secured.
+
+"Let go the jib halyards! Haul down!" said the second lieutenant, on the
+forecastle, when the order to take in the jib reached him.
+
+The hands "walked away" with the downhaul, and the jib was on the
+bowsprit in an instant.
+
+"Lay out and stow the jib!" added the officer. "Mind your eye there! The
+squall is upon us!"
+
+The roar of the squall--heard at first miles away--swept along over the
+ocean, carrying a tempest of foam and spray before it, and came down
+upon the Josephine. Though she carried no sail, the force of the wind
+was enough to heel her down, while the spray leaped over her decks in
+the furious blast. The scene was grand and sublime. The thunders roared;
+the lightnings seemed to hiss in their fury, as they darted through the
+moist atmosphere; and the wind, hardly less than a hurricane, howled in
+unison with the booming thunderbolts.
+
+At first, on the long swells of the ocean, which a moment before had
+been as smooth and glassy as a mirror, thousands of little white-capped
+waves gathered, throwing up volumes of fine spray, which was borne away
+by the tempest; so that the air was laden with moisture. Though the
+squall came heavy in the beginning, it did not attain its full power for
+several minutes. The effect even of the onslaught of the tempest was
+tremendous, and officers and crew clung to the rigging and the wood-work
+of the vessel, fearful that the savage blast would take them bodily from
+their feet, and bear them away into the angry ocean.
+
+"Down with the helm!" roared Captain Kendall to the quartermaster, who,
+with four of the strongest seamen, had been stationed at the wheel.
+
+The action of the fierce wind upon the vessel's side was powerful enough
+to give her steerage-way without any sail, and her head came up to the
+gale, so that she took the blast on her port bow. Thus far, the effect
+upon the ocean did not correspond with the violence of the tempest; for
+even the severest blow does not immediately create a heavy sea. But, if
+the tempest continued even for a few minutes, this result was sure to
+follow. There is no especial peril in a squall, if the seaman has had
+time to take in sail, unless in a heavy sea; but it does not take long
+for a hurricane, in the open ocean, to stir up the water to its maddest
+fury.
+
+Professor Hamblin was walking up and down in the waist,--a very pretty
+type of the squall itself,--when the initial stroke of the tempest came
+upon the Josephine. His "stove-pipe" hat, as non-nautical as anything
+could be, which he persisted in wearing, was tipped from his head, and
+borne over the rail into the sea. This accident did not improve his
+temper, and he was on the point of asking the captain to send a boat to
+pick up his lost tile, when the full force of the squall began to be
+expended upon the vessel. He found himself unable to stand up; and he
+reeled to the mainmast, where Professor Stoute was already moored to the
+fife-rail.
+
+"Wouldn't you like the boat now, Mr. Hamblin?" chuckled the jolly
+professor, hardly able to speak without having his words blown down his
+throat.
+
+"I've lost my hat," growled the learned gentleman, almost choked with
+ill-nature within, and the ill-wind without.
+
+"Ask the captain to send a boat for it," laughed Mr. Stoute. "There he
+stands! Upon my word, he is a wonder to me! He handles the vessel like
+an old admiral who has been imbedded in salt for forty years!"
+
+"Any boy could do it!" snarled the irate professor.
+
+"It is fortunate that Captain Kendall went on deck when he did," added
+Mr. Stoute. "We should all have gone to the bottom if they hadn't taken
+in sail in season."
+
+"You distress yourself with mighty bugbears," sneered Mr. Hamblin. "I am
+very sorry to see you encouraging insubordination among your pupils,
+and--"
+
+And a blast more savage than any which had before struck the vessel
+ended the professor's speech; for, while it drenched him with salt
+water, it gave him all he wanted to do to hold on for his life. He
+worked himself round under the lee of the mainmast, and held on with
+both hands at the fife-rail, his breath blown down into his lungs by the
+wind.
+
+The squall was not one of those which come and go in a few moments; and,
+in a short time, the sea had been lashed into a boiling, roaring,
+foam-capped maelstrom. The Josephine rolled and pitched most fearfully.
+Below there was a fierce crashing of everything movable, while the winds
+howled a savage storm-song through the swaying rigging. By the captain's
+order, the crew had, with great difficulty, extended several life-lines
+across the deck, for the safety of those who were compelled to move
+about in executing the various manoeuvres which the emergency
+required.
+
+The angry professor began to cool off under the severe regimen of the
+tempest. He was drenched to the skin by the spray, and it required the
+utmost activity on his part to enable him to keep his hold upon the
+fife-rail. Now the vessel rolled, and pitched him upon his moorings; and
+then rolled again, jerking him, at arm's length, away from them, his
+muscles cracking under the pressure. Professor Stoute, determined to be
+on the safe side, had passed the end of the lee topgallant brace around
+his body, and secured himself to one of the belaying pins. Nothing ever
+disturbed his equanimity, and though he was doubtless fully impressed by
+the sublimity of the storm, he was just as jolly and good-natured as
+ever.
+
+The captain and the executive officer were holding on at one of the
+life-lines on the quarter-deck. Paul looked as noble and commanding as
+though he had been a foot taller, with a full beard grown upon his face.
+He appeared to be master of the situation, and Professor Stoute regarded
+him with an admiration strongly in contrast with the disgust of his
+fellow-teacher. The competent captain of the ship is always little less
+than a miracle of a man to his passengers, especially in a storm, when
+he is confident and self-reliant. They feel that everything--their very
+lives, and the lives of those they love--are dependent upon him, and
+they look up to him as to an oracle of skill and wisdom.
+
+"It's coming heavier and heavier," said Terrill, as the Josephine gave a
+fearful lurch.
+
+"Ay, ay! It's nothing less than a hurricane," replied Paul.
+
+"It's the biggest squall I ever was in," added Terrill, blowing the salt
+water out of his mouth, after a pint of spray had slapped him in the
+face.
+
+"It is kicking up an awful sea."
+
+"That's so."
+
+"Keep your helm hard down, Blair!" shouted Paul to the quartermaster in
+charge of the wheel.
+
+"She don't mind it now, sir!" yelled the quartermaster, at the top of
+his lungs.
+
+"She's falling off, Mr. Terrill," added Paul.
+
+"I see she is, sir."
+
+"We must keep her head up to it, or our decks will be washed. Hard down,
+Blair!"
+
+"She don't mind it, sir!"
+
+"Set the close-reefed foresail, Mr. Terrill," said the captain. "But be
+careful of the hands."
+
+Terrill, with the trumpet in his hand, sprang from the life-line to the
+fife-rail, so as to be nearer to the hands who were to execute the
+captain's order. The unpleasant plight of Mr. Hamblin attracted his
+attention, in spite of the pressure of the emergency. His gyrations, as
+he bobbed about under the uneasy motions of the vessel, gave him a
+ludicrous appearance, which even the positive expression of suffering on
+his face did not essentially mitigate. He had evidently come to a
+realizing sense of the perils of the sea, and was a pitiful sight to
+behold.
+
+"Man the foresail outhaul!" shouted Terrill, through his trumpet. "Mr.
+Martyn!"
+
+"Here, sir!" replied the second lieutenant; but his voice sounded like a
+whisper in the roar of the hurricane.
+
+"Double the hands on the outhaul!" added Terrill. "Stand by the brails!"
+
+"All ready, forward, sir!" reported Martyn.
+
+"Stand by the fore-sheets!--Mr. Cleats!" continued the executive
+officer.
+
+"Here, sir!" said the old sailor, who, with the carpenter, was holding
+on at the weather-rail.
+
+"Will you and Mr. Gage assist at the sheet?"
+
+"Ay, ay, sir! This is heavy work. I hope she'll carry that foresail."
+
+"She must carry it, or carry it away," added Terrill. "We are falling
+off badly."
+
+"So we are; it ought to be done," answered the boatswain, as he began to
+overhaul the sheets.
+
+It was with the greatest difficulty that any one could stand up on deck.
+The billows were momentarily increasing, and the Josephine had fallen
+off into the trough of the sea, and rolled helplessly in the surging
+waves, so that her fore yard appeared almost to dip in the brine. The
+outhaul was run out on the deck, and manned by all the hands that could
+get hold of it. The lee sheet was extended in like manner, and the whole
+after guard, besides the two adult forward officers, were called to walk
+away with it.
+
+"O, dear!" groaned Mr. Hamblin, after the vessel had given an unusually
+heavy lee lurch, the jerk of which had nearly knocked the breath out of
+his body.
+
+"What's the matter, your honor?" demanded Cleats, who always pitied a
+landlubber in a gale.
+
+"Do you think there's any danger, Mr. Cleats?" gasped the professor.
+
+"Danger! Bless your honor's heart! there's never any danger in a good
+ship, well manned," replied the veteran tar, as he knocked a kink out of
+the sheet. "Look at the captain! When he gets scared, you may."
+
+"It is really terrible!" puffed the learned professor.
+
+"Wouldn't your honor like the boat now?" growled the boatswain, with a
+hearty chuckle.
+
+"All ready at the sheets, sir!" screamed Robinson, the fourth
+lieutenant, who had charge of the waist at quarters.
+
+"Hold on, Mr. Terrill!" shouted the captain, as the Josephine rolled on
+her lee side till the water bubbled up in her scuppers. "Wait till I
+give you the word!"
+
+Paul was waiting for a favorable moment, when the blast should lull a
+little, to set the reefed foresail.
+
+"You must get out of the way, gentlemen!" said Terrill, roaring out the
+words through his trumpet. "The sheet blocks will knock you over!"
+
+Mr. Stoute unmoored himself, and made a dive at the life-line, where the
+captain was holding on; but, being rather clumsy in his obesity, he
+missed his aim, and was thrown into the scuppers. Mr. Cleats went to his
+assistance, and picked him up while he lay upon his back, with his legs
+and arms thrown up like a turtle trying to turn over. Mr. Hamblin was
+not encouraged by this experiment of his associate.
+
+"Why don't you go below, sir?" shouted Terrill, placing his trumpet
+close to the professor's head.
+
+"I can't move," replied he.
+
+"Mr. Gage will help you," added the lieutenant.
+
+The carpenter assisted Mr. Hamblin to the companion-way, while the
+boatswain had succeeded in rolling Mr. Stoute up to the same point. The
+doors were opened, and the head steward helped them down the ladder.
+
+"All ready!" shouted Captain Kendall, when the favorable moment came for
+setting the foresail.
+
+"Let go the brails!" bellowed the executive officer. "Haul out!"
+
+The ready seaman promptly obeyed the order, at the instant when the
+vessel, having rolled over as far as her centre of gravity would permit
+her to go in the trough of the sea, was poised as it were on a balance,
+waiting for the recoil of the wave that was to throw her down on the
+weather roll. The close-reefed foresail flew out from the brails, and
+began to thresh tremendously in the fierce blast.
+
+"Slack the weather vang!" continued Terrill to the hands who had been
+stationed at this rope. "Walk away with the sheet!"
+
+It required a tremendous pull to haul home the sheet of the foresail,
+banging furiously in the tempest; but there was force enough to
+accomplish it, though not till the vessel had made her weather roll,
+which lifted half the line of seamen from their feet. The close-reefed
+foresail was trimmed so as to lay the schooner to with her head up to
+the sea. The billows were increasing in volume so fearfully that it was
+no longer prudent to permit the vessel to roll in the trough of the sea,
+where she was in danger of being overwhelmed by the combing waves.
+
+"Mind your helm, Blair!" called the first lieutenant, springing aft to
+the wheel. "Port a little! Don't let the sail be taken aback!"
+
+The head of the Josephine came up handsomely to the sea, and it was thus
+proved that the double-reefed foresail was just the sail for such an
+emergency. It was only to be demonstrated whether the sail would be
+blown out of the bolt-ropes or not. If it had been an old one, such
+would probably have been its fate; but being nearly new, and of the best
+material, it stood the strain to the end.
+
+"Mind your eye, Blair!" roared Terrill. "Starboard!"
+
+"Starboard, sir!" replied the quartermaster.
+
+"Touch her up when it comes so heavy," added the lieutenant.
+
+The vessel had fallen off, and took the wind so far on the beam that she
+buried her scuppers deep in the waves. The order to "touch her up," or
+luff her up into the wind, so as partially to spill the sail, was given
+to ease off the tremendous pressure. The Josephine minded her helm, and
+luffed so that she righted herself.
+
+"Steady, Blair!" called the lieutenant. "Port! Not too much, or you'll
+broach her to!"
+
+"Sail ho!" suddenly shouted several of the seamen in the forward part of
+the vessel.
+
+"Where away?"
+
+"Right over the lee bow! She has capsized!"
+
+Paul and Terrill ran to the rail, and discovered a small vessel, lying
+over on her beam ends.
+
+"That's a Dutch galiot!" exclaimed Cleats, who promptly recognized the
+craft. "That's a trick they have of turning bottom upwards."
+
+"Port!" shouted Terrill, who did not take his eye off the foresail of
+the Josephine for more than an instant at a time.
+
+The attention of the quartermaster and the helmsman had been attracted
+by the announcement of the wreck, and they had permitted the Josephine
+to luff up until the foresail began to shake. The atmosphere was so
+thick that the galiot was seen but for an instant, and it then
+disappeared in the dense mists. Captain Kendall trembled with emotion
+when he saw the disabled vessel; but it was impossible to do anything
+for her until the hurricane subsided.
+
+Fortunately the worst of it had already passed, and a few moments later
+it ceased almost as suddenly as it commenced. The rain began to fall in
+torrents, while a fresh breeze and a tremendous sea were all that
+remained of the hurricane--for such it was, rather than an ordinary
+squall.
+
+"Set the jib and mainsail, Mr. Terrill," said Captain Kendall. "We must
+endeavor to find that wreck."
+
+These sails were accordingly hoisted, the Josephine came about, and
+stood off in the direction towards which the galiot was supposed to have
+drifted. The Young America had not been seen since the squall came up;
+but Paul conjectured that she had run away before it. He was deeply
+interested in the fate of those on board of the wreck, and trusted he
+should be able to render them some assistance, if all on board of her
+had not already perished.
+
+The rain poured down furiously; but it did not dampen the enthusiasm of
+the young officers and crew, though they were already drenched to the
+skin. The reefed foresail was taken in, for it was found that the jib
+and mainsail were all the schooner needed. She stood on for an hour or
+more, without obtaining a sight of the wreck, though every eye on board
+was strained to catch the first glimpse of it.
+
+"We must have passed her," said the captain.
+
+"It is so thick we can't see her, even if we should go within half a
+mile of her."
+
+"Come about, and stand a little more to the southward!" added Captain
+Kendall. "Let the fog-horns be blown. We may get a signal of some kind
+from them."
+
+"I am afraid they were lost overboard; and that there is no one left to
+make a signal," answered Terrill, sadly.
+
+The vessel was put about, and headed as indicated by the captain. The
+fog-horns were blown at intervals, and every one on board listened
+eagerly for a reply. These efforts were not unavailing, for a response
+was obtained after the Josephine had run half an hour on her present
+course. A hoarse shout was heard on the weather beam, which was
+unmistakably a cry of distress.
+
+"Steady as she is!" said Paul to the executive officer, as soon as the
+sounds were reported to him, and the direction from which they came.
+
+"Are you not going about, Captain Kendall?" asked Terrill, with a look
+of anxiety on his dripping face.
+
+"Certainly; but if we go about here, we should fall to leeward of the
+wreck," replied Paul.
+
+The Josephine stood on for a few moments longer, and then tacked.
+
+"Blow the horns, and keep a sharp lookout forward," added the captain,
+who was quite as anxious as any other person on board; but he kept
+apparently cool, in deference to the dignity of his high office.
+
+"I see her!" shouted Wheeler, the boatswain, who had gone out on the
+flying jib-boom.
+
+"Where away is she?" demanded Martyn, from the forecastle.
+
+"Well on the lee bow, sir."
+
+"Are we headed for her?"
+
+"Ay, ay, sir! We shall go clear of her to windward."
+
+"Wreck on the lee bow, sir," reported the second lieutenant to Terrill,
+who in turn reported to the captain.
+
+"Clear away the first cutter, Mr. Terrill," said Paul.
+
+"All the first cutters, ahoy!" shouted the boatswain's mate.
+
+"Mr. Pelham will have charge of the boat," added Captain Kendall, who
+had great confidence in the zeal and ability of this officer.
+
+"The wreck! The wreck!" shouted all hands, as the disabled galiot came
+into view.
+
+On the rail of the vessel, whose starboard half was completely submerged
+in the water, were two men, making violent gestures, and shouting to the
+crew of the Josephine. Not a word they said could be understood, but it
+was easy enough for Yankees to guess the meaning of their words. The
+schooner was thrown up into the wind, the jib lowered, and she lay to
+under the mainsail. Pelham and the crew of the first cutter took their
+places in the boat, and were lowered into the stormy sea. The falls were
+cast off the instant she struck the water; the coxswain gave his orders
+rapidly, and the cutter went off, rising and falling on the huge waves
+like a feather.
+
+The distance was short; but even this was a hard pull in such a violent
+sea. Pelham was cool and steady, and his self-possession encouraged the
+crew to their best efforts. The boat ran up under the lee of the wreck,
+and made fast to one of the masts. As soon as it was secured, both of
+the men on the rail began to jabber in an unintelligible language.
+
+"_Parlez-vous français?_" shouted Pelham, who had some knowledge of the
+polite language.
+
+But the men made no response; and it was evident that no long speeches
+need be made on the present occasion. Pelham made signs to them to come
+down into the boat, which they did. They were not satisfied, but
+continued to talk in their own language, and to point earnestly to the
+after part of the wreck. One of them repeated a word so many times, that
+the officer of the boat was enabled at last to separate it from the
+confused jumble of sentences.
+
+"_Vrow?_" said he.
+
+The man nodded earnestly, and pointed with redoubled vigor to the after
+part of the galiot.
+
+_Vrow_ means wife; and Pelham concluded that the skipper's lady was in
+the cabin, but whether dead or alive he did not know.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER III.
+
+SOMETHING ABOUT DIKES.
+
+
+It was evident to those on board of the Josephine that there was some
+reason for the delay of the boat in not bringing off the survivors of
+the wreck. The energetic motions of the men on the disabled vessel could
+be dimly seen through the mist and rain.
+
+"Hoist the jib, Terrill," said Captain Kendall. "We will run up to the
+wreck, and ascertain what the trouble is."
+
+"Man the jib halyards! Stand by the jib sheet!" added Terrill.
+
+"All ready, sir!"
+
+"Let go the downhaul! Hoist away!" continued the first lieutenant. "Port
+the helm!"
+
+The mainsail was trimmed, the jib sheet hauled down, and the schooner
+filled away again. She ran close under the lee of the galiot, just far
+enough off to clear her masts.
+
+"What's the matter, Mr. Pelham?" called Terrill through his trumpet.
+
+"There's a woman in the cabin," replied Pelham.
+
+"Clear away the gig!" said Captain Kendall, as the Josephine passed out
+of hailing distance of the wreck. "Mr. Martyn will take charge of the
+boat."
+
+The gig's crew were piped away, and the falls were manned. The second
+lieutenant stood ready at the gangway to take his place in the boat. The
+operation of hoisting out a boat was not so difficult and dangerous as
+it had been when the first cutter went off, for the sea was every moment
+abating its fury.
+
+"Mr. Cleats and Mr. Gage will go in the boat with a couple of axes,"
+added the captain, who had been studying the position of the wreck.
+
+The first lieutenant gave the order to the adult forward officers, who
+presented themselves at the gangway provided with their implements,
+ready to do the work assigned to them. By this time the weather had
+begun to clear off, and a streak of blue sky appeared in the west. The
+low land and the white cliffs and sand hills were seen again; but the
+coast was different from that which they had observed before the tempest
+burst upon them.
+
+"Mr. Martyn, you will cut away the masts of the wreck; but first
+endeavor to save the woman in the cabin," added the captain, when the
+crew of the boat had taken their places, and everything was in readiness
+to lower the boat.
+
+"I will do the best I can," replied Martyn, as he stepped into the gig.
+
+"If the galiot does not right when the masts are cut away, report to
+me."
+
+The boat went off on her mission of mercy, and those left on board of
+the schooner watched her progress with the most intense interest. All
+felt that they were not "playing sailor" then, but that the issues of
+life and death depended upon the exertions of the two boats' crews.
+
+"Have you any idea where we are, Captain Kendall?" asked Terrill, gazing
+earnestly at the distant shore, which was now revealing itself with
+greater clearness.
+
+Paul took a spy-glass and carefully surveyed the shore. Terrill took
+another glass, and both of them went up into the main rigging, so as to
+obtain a better view of the shore.
+
+"There are some church steeples near the coast, and farther back there
+is a great number of them," said Terrill.
+
+"All right," replied Paul, as he returned to the deck, followed by the
+first lieutenant.
+
+"Do you make out the coast?" asked the latter.
+
+"Yes; we are on Thornton's Ridge. Throw the lead!" replied Paul, with
+some anxiety, as he took the glass and pointed it in the direction
+opposite the shore.
+
+"By the mark five!" reported the quartermaster, who was heaving the lead
+in the fore chains.
+
+"That proves it," exclaimed Paul. "We are on Thornton's. The steeples on
+the shore are Blankenburg, and those farther off are the Bruges
+steeples. We are about twelve miles to the eastward of the North Hinder,
+where there is a light-vessel. We have been drifting to the southward.
+We will tack now, and stand over to windward of the wreck."
+
+The Josephine went about again, and stood up to the point indicated by
+the captain. The wind had now subsided to a gentle breeze, and the sea
+was abating its violence in a corresponding degree. The lead was thrown
+continually, but not less than three fathoms was indicated at any time.
+Cleats and Gage, with their sharp axes, were dealing heavy blows at the
+masts of the galiot, while the crew of the gig and first cutter were
+clearing away the standing rigging. By the time the schooner reached the
+position to windward of the wreck, the work had been accomplished. The
+two boats had backed away from the wreck, and suddenly the hull righted.
+A few more strokes of the axes severed the shrouds, which could not be
+reached while the vessel lay upon her side.
+
+Pelham, who was on the deck of the vessel when she righted, rushed to
+the companion-way, which had been submerged before. He was closely
+followed by the two men. The cabin was half full of water; but he found
+there a woman and a young girl of sixteen, who had been clinging for
+life to an upper berth. The gallant lieutenant plunged up to his middle
+in the water, and bore the girl to the ladder. At the same time, the
+older of the men performed a similar service for the woman. He was
+evidently the husband of the woman and the father of the girl. When he
+returned to the deck, he embraced the woman and the girl, and lavished
+upon them the most tender caresses.
+
+"Mr. Pelham, you will convey these people to the Josephine, and report
+what has been done to the captain," said Martyn, who was the superior
+officer.
+
+The first cutter was hauled up to the gangway of the galiot, and Pelham
+by signs invited the family to embark. They comprehended his meaning,
+and the females were assisted into the boat. The older man, who was
+apparently the skipper of the vessel, exhibited some reluctance at
+leaving his craft. His heart seemed to be broken by the calamity which
+had befallen him, and he wept bitterly, uttering piteous exclamations,
+which could not be understood by the Josephines, as Pelham hurried him
+into the cutter.
+
+The party continued their sad wailings till the boat reached the
+schooner. The women were assisted to the deck, where they stood staring
+with blank amazement at the vessel and her crew. The skipper was
+bewildered by the misfortune that overshadowed him.
+
+"I am glad to see you, sir," said Paul, as the disconsolate captain came
+up the accommodation ladder.
+
+"No use, Captain Kendall," said Pelham, smiling. "They can't speak a
+word of English."
+
+"Do you know anything about the vessel?" asked Paul.
+
+"I read her name on the stern, as we came back, and wrote it down; for a
+Yankee would choke to death in uttering it," replied Pelham, as he
+produced a piece of wet paper. "It is the 'Wel tevreeden, Dordrecht.'"
+
+"That's Dutch. She hails from Dort," added Paul.
+
+"Where are the professors?" asked Terrill. "Can they speak Dutch?"
+
+The professors, who had seen enough of rough weather for one day, had
+been making themselves as comfortable as possible in the cabin. The
+Dutchman and his family were conducted below by the first lieutenant.
+
+"What have you here?" demanded Mr. Stoute, who had just come from his
+berth, in which he had bolstered himself up, in order, as he expressed
+it, to know exactly where he was.
+
+"We have just saved them from the wreck of a Dutch galiot. They can't
+speak a word of English, and we wish you to talk to them."
+
+"In Dutch?" laughed Mr. Stoute. "I cannot do it."
+
+"What is the matter, Mr. Terrill?" inquired Professor Hamblin, who had
+also taken to his berth to save his limbs from being broken.
+
+"A vessel has been wrecked, and we have saved two men and two women. Can
+you talk Dutch?" asked the first lieutenant, going to the door of the
+professor's state-room.
+
+Mr. Hamblin proved to be no wiser than his associate, so far as the
+Dutch language was concerned; and it was found to be impossible to hold
+any communication with the wrecked persons except by signs. They were
+committed to the care of the steward, by whom everything was done to
+render them comfortable. The captain's state-room was given to the
+women, and they were supplied with hot coffee and other refreshments.
+
+"What is the condition of the wreck, Mr. Pelham?" asked Captain Kendall,
+as soon as the unfortunate persons had been provided for.
+
+"She is half full of water," replied the second master. "The crew of the
+gig were pumping her out when we left."
+
+"Do you know anything about her cargo?"
+
+"No, sir. Her hatches were battened down, and we could not see what was
+in the hold."
+
+The first lieutenant was directed to detail a working party for the
+wreck, to assist in pumping her out, and the first cutter returned to
+the galiot with sixteen hands. Orders were sent to Martyn to use every
+exertion to save the vessel and her cargo. It was now nearly dark; but
+the weather was favorable, and Paul hoped to get the dismasted galiot
+into port on the following day.
+
+The cutter reached the wreck, and the crew of the gig, who had been
+pumping and baling diligently, were relieved by fresh hands. The work
+went on with renewed energy. The hatches had been taken off, and the
+cargo was found to consist of butter, cheese, and manufactured goods.
+The boatswain had explored the hold, and declared that the merchandise
+was not badly damaged. The galiot had taken in less water than was
+supposed, from her position on the waves. After four hours of severe
+toil by the young seamen, the pumps sucked. The hull was tight, and the
+working party were greatly encouraged by the success of their efforts.
+
+The boatswain and carpenter, assisted by the boys, rigged a jury-mast
+out of the foremast of the galiot, which had been saved for the purpose.
+A jib and foresail were bent upon it, and the "Wel tevreeden" was in
+condition to make a harbor. It was midnight when the work was completed,
+and the report sent to Captain Kendall. Martyn, Pelham, and a crew of
+ten, to be assisted by Cleats and Gage, were detailed to take the galiot
+into the Scheldt.
+
+During the first part of the night it had been a dead calm, which had
+greatly assisted the labors of the working party. About four o'clock, on
+the morning of Sunday, a light breeze from the westward sprang up, and
+the order was given by signal for the galiot to make sail, and to follow
+the Josephine. There was hardly a four-knot breeze, with the tide
+setting out; and the progress of the galiot, under her short sail, was
+very slow.
+
+Nothing had been seen of the Young America since the storm shut down
+upon her and concealed her from the view of those on board of the
+Josephine. Paul knew that Mr. Lowington would be exceedingly anxious
+about him and his vessel; but he was proud and happy in the reflection
+that he had carried the Josephine safely through the perils which had
+surrounded her. He had not closed his eyes during the night, as indeed
+no one connected with the sailing department of the schooner had done.
+The professors and the wrecked party had all turned in as usual, while
+Paul kept vigil on deck with the first lieutenant.
+
+"Sail ho!" cried the lookout forward, about seven o'clock in the
+morning.
+
+A small vessel was discovered approaching the Josephine from the
+direction of the shore, or rather of the mouth of the Scheldt, whose
+western estuary forms a broad bay about twelve miles in width. As the
+small craft came near, it was evident that she was a pilot boat. She
+carried a red flag at her mast-head, on which was a number in white
+figures. On her principal sail there was a large letter "P," and under
+it "ANTWERPEN." When she hove in sight, the jack was hoisted at the
+foremast-head of the Josephine, which is the signal for a pilot. As the
+little cutter rounded to, the words "_Bateau Pilote_" with her number,
+were seen on the stern.
+
+She was a Belgian pilot-boat. The mouth of the Scheldt, and its course
+for forty miles, are in Holland, and off the mouth of the river both
+Dutch and Belgian pilots offer their services to inward-bound vessels;
+but the sea pilots take vessels only to Flushing, the river pilotage
+being a separate charge. Mr. Lowington had instructed Paul, as the
+squadron was bound to Antwerp, to prefer a Belgian pilot, who would take
+the vessel up to that city, and charge the pilotage in one bill.
+
+A canoe put off from the "Bateau Pilote," and a weather-beaten Belgian
+sailor leaped upon the deck. He opened his eyes very wide when he had
+taken a single glance at the vessel and her crew. He seemed to be as
+much confounded as the Liverpool pilot had been on a similar occasion.
+The professors were at breakfast in the cabin, and not a single man
+appeared on deck.
+
+"_L'Amerique?_" said the pilot, glancing at the flag which floated at
+the peak.
+
+"_Oui_," replied Paul, laughing.
+
+"_Où est le capitaine, monsieur?_" added the pilot, looking around him
+again.
+
+"_Je suis capitaine,_" replied Paul.
+
+"_Est-il possible!_"
+
+"_C'est possible._ You speak English?--_parlez-vous anglais?_" added
+Paul.
+
+"I speak _un pere_," replied the pilot. "What vessel that is?" he
+continued, pointing to the galiot, which was following in the wake of
+the Josephine.
+
+"She is a Dutch vessel, that was upset yesterday. We saved her. The
+captain and his family are on board, but none of us have been able to
+speak a word to him."
+
+"Where bound are you?"
+
+"To Antwerp. We have a crew on board of the galiot. We will not attempt
+to take her to Antwerp."
+
+"She have taken a pilot," said the Belgian, as another man from the
+"Bateau Pilote" boarded her. "She shall be taken to Flushing."
+
+"You will put into Flushing, then, so that I can obtain the men on board
+of her."
+
+"I will--yes."
+
+"Did a ship--the Young America--go up the river last night?" asked Paul.
+
+"No; no ship. We see a ship off the Rabs when the storm came. She come
+about, and go to sea before the wind."
+
+This was what Paul supposed the Young America had done. He had no fears
+in regard to the safety of the ship as long as she had plenty of sea
+room. She would soon return, and the pilot-boat would be able to report
+the Josephine to the anxious people on board of her. The Belgian pilot
+took charge of the vessel; and after he had headed her towards the
+channel by which he intended to enter the river, he began to ask
+questions in regard to the juvenile officers and crew. He did not speak
+English any more fluently than Paul did French, and they did not get
+along very well. Mr. Stoute, having finished his breakfast, came on
+deck. He taught the French in the Josephine, and was very happy to find
+an opportunity to air his vocabulary.
+
+The skipper of the galiot came up from the cabin soon after with his
+family. As the pilot spoke Dutch, the story of the unfortunate captain
+was obtained at last. The vessel had been caught in the squall, and
+knocked down. Two men on deck had been washed away and drowned. The
+companion-way being open, the water had rushed in and prevented the
+vessel from righting. The women, who lived on board all the time, as is
+frequently the case with the families of Dutch skippers, had climbed up
+and obtained a hold upon the berths on the port side of the cabin. By
+these means they were saved from drowning; but the cabin doors, being on
+the starboard side, were under water, so that they could not escape
+while the vessel lay on her beam-ends.
+
+The Josephine, followed by the "Wel tevreeden," entered the river. It
+was a beautiful day, warm and pleasant; and the officers and crew, in
+spite of the hardships of the preceding night, were eager to obtain
+their first view of the new country whose waters they were now entering.
+It was still over sixty miles, by the course of the Scheldt, to Antwerp;
+but the sights on the river and on the shore were novel and interesting.
+The vessels which sailed up and down the river were essentially
+different from any they had ever seen, with the exception, perhaps, of
+the wrecked galiot. They looked more like huge canal-boats than
+sea-going vessels. Some of them had wings, or boards, at their sides,
+which were let down when the craft was going on the wind, thus serving
+the same purpose as a centreboard. Others were rigged so that their
+masts could be lowered to the deck in passing bridges.
+
+Maps, guide-books, and other volumes of reference were in great demand
+among the students, and Professor Stoute was continually questioned by
+all hands. Mr. Hamblin was too grouty to permit any such familiarity,
+and doubtless he was saved from exposing his ignorance of the
+interesting country which the voyagers had now entered.
+
+The West Scheldt, upon whose waters the Josephine was now sailing, is
+sometimes called the Hond. On the left, and in plain sight from the
+deck, was Walcheren, the most extensive of the nine islands which
+constitute the province of Zealand, the most southern and western
+division of the kingdom of Holland. Zeeland, or Zealand, means
+_sea-land_; and its territory seems to belong to the ocean, since it is
+only by the most persevering care that the sea is prevented from making
+a conquest of it. These islands are for the most part surrounded and
+divided by the several mouths of the Scheldt, all of which are
+navigable.
+
+Our readers who have been on the sea-shore where the coast is washed by
+the broad ocean, or any considerable bay, have observed a ridge of sand,
+gravel, or stones thrown up from ten to twenty feet higher than the land
+behind. This was caused by the action of the sea. The exterior shore of
+Holland, that is, the land bordering upon the open ocean, has generally
+a ridge of sand of this description. The sand-hills or hummocks which
+are observed on the shores of Holland and Belgium are produced by the
+ceaseless beating of the stormy waves.
+
+In Holland, these ridges, or chains of sand-hills, are called "dunes."
+They extend, with little interruption, from the Straits of Dover to the
+Zuyder Zee. The ridge is from one to three miles wide, and rising from
+twenty to fifty feet in height. The sand of which the "dunes" are
+composed is generally so fine that it is readily blown by a sharp wind;
+and they were as troublesome as the sands of Sahara in a simoom. In a
+dry and windy day, the atmosphere would become dim from the sand smoke
+of the dunes, and the material was conveyed in this manner far into the
+interior of the country, covering up the rich soil, so that it became
+necessary to dig up the sand. To overcome this evil, a kind of coarse
+reed grass is annually sown on the dunes, which forms a tough sod, and
+prevents the sand from being blown away.
+
+The dunes form a natural barrier to the progress of the sea; but these,
+of themselves, are insufficient to accomplish the purpose; for in the
+highest tides the waters sweep through the openings or valleys between
+the sand-hills. Immense dikes and sea-walls are erected to complete the
+security of the country from the invasions of the ocean. The embankments
+which protect the islands of Zealand are over three hundred miles in
+length in the aggregate, and involve an annual expense of two millions
+of guilders--more than eight hundred thousand dollars--in repairs.
+
+"The great dike of West Kappel is there," said the pilot to Captain
+Kendall, as he pointed to the land on the northern shore of the estuary.
+
+"I don't see anything," replied Paul.
+
+"There is nothing particular to see on this side of the dike,"
+interposed Professor Stoute, laughing at the astonishment of the
+captain. "What did you expect to see?"
+
+"I hardly know. I have heard so much about the dikes of Holland, that I
+expected to see a big thing when I came across one of them," added Paul.
+
+"They are a big thing; but really there is very little to see."
+
+"But what is a dike, sir?" asked Paul, curiously. "I never supposed it
+was anything more than a mud wall."
+
+"It is nothing more than that, only it is on a very large scale, and it
+must be constructed with the nicest care; for the lives and property of
+the people depend upon its security. When they are going to build a
+dike, the first consideration, as in putting up a heavy building, is the
+foundation. I suppose you have seen a railroad built through a marsh, or
+other soft place."
+
+"Yes, sir; the railroad at Brockway went over the head of the bay, where
+the bottom was very soft. As fast as they put in gravel for the road,
+the mud squashed up on each side, making a ridge almost as high as the
+road itself. They built a heavy stone wharf at Brockway, the year before
+we sailed, and the weight of it lifted up the bottom of the shallow bay
+a hundred feet from it, so that boats get aground there now at half
+tide."
+
+"That is the idea exactly: The foundation is not solid; and that is
+often the chief difficulty in building a dike. The immense weight of the
+material of which it is constructed crowds the earth out from under it,
+and it sinks down faster than they can build it. In such places as this
+they find it necessary to drive piles, to build the embankment on."
+
+"They must cost a heap of money, then."
+
+"The annual expense even for repairs of dikes in Holland is about three
+millions of dollars of our money. Speaking of that very dike of West
+Kappel," added the professor, pointing to its long, inclined escarpment,
+"it is said if it had been originally built of solid copper, the prime
+cost would have been less than the amount which has since been expended
+upon it in building, rebuilding, restoring, and repairing it. But the
+money spent on dikes is the salvation of Holland. The entire country
+would be washed away in a few years, if they were suffered to decay."
+
+"I see there are trees growing on the shore, farther up the river,"
+added Paul.
+
+"Those trees are willows; and wherever it is possible for them to
+thrive, they encourage their growth for two reasons: first, because the
+roots of the trees strengthen the dike; and, secondly, because the
+willow twigs are wanted in repairing and securing the embankment. The
+foundations of sea-dikes vary from a hundred and twenty to one hundred
+and fifty feet in width. The rampart is made of clay, which, as being
+impervious to water, forms the entire structure when the material is
+available in sufficient quantities. The maximum height of the dikes is
+forty feet; but of course they vary in this respect with the elevation
+of the land to be protected by them."
+
+"But I should think the mud and clay would be washed away by the beating
+of the sea."
+
+"So they are sometimes; and to guard against such an event, which is a
+calamity in this country, the dike is covered with a kind of thatch-work
+of willow twigs, which has to be renewed every three or four years.
+Occasionally the outer surface of the embankment is faced with masonry,
+the stone for which has to be brought from Norway."
+
+"A ship there is coming in," interrupted the pilot, pointing to seaward.
+
+She was several miles distant, standing in under all sail. She was
+examined with the spy-glasses, and every one was rejoiced to learn that
+it was the Young America.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IV.
+
+UP THE SCHELDT TO FLUSHING.
+
+
+"I am very glad to see the ship again," said Paul to Professor Stoute.
+
+"I supposed she would get in before us, we were detained so long by the
+wreck," replied Mr. Stoute.
+
+"Probably she stood off and on during the night, seeking for us," added
+Paul, as he again looked through the spy-glass at the ship. "She seems
+to be sound in all her upper works, so far as I can see."
+
+"I dare say the ship would be safe enough as long as Mr. Lowington and
+Mr. Fluxion are on board of her."
+
+"Yes, sir; I didn't suppose any harm had come to her; but Mr. Lowington
+will naturally be very anxious about us. He has made us out by this
+time, and is satisfied that we are still on the top of the water. There
+are the steeples of a town," said Paul, pointing to the Walcheren shore.
+"That must be Middleburg."
+
+"This island was inundated in 1808," continued Mr. Stoute, after the
+pilot had assured him that the steeples seen in the interior of the
+island were those of Middleburg. "Though the sea is as diligently
+watched as the advance-guard of an invading army, the great dike of
+West Kappel broke through, and a large part of the island was under
+water. Middleburg has its own dikes and ditches, the former constituting
+the wall of the town, upon the top of which there is a public promenade.
+This dike or mound kept the water out of the city after the sea-dike had
+given way. The inundation rose as high as the roofs of the houses in the
+town, but was fortunately kept at bay by the strength of the walls."
+
+"Were you ever in Holland, Mr. Stoute?" asked Paul, with a significant
+smile.
+
+"Never," laughed the professor; "but the schoolmaster must not be abroad
+when boys ask as many questions as the students on board of this vessel.
+As soon as I learned that we were coming to Holland, I read up
+everything I could find relating to the country, and I assure you my
+interest in the country has been doubled by my studies. We have in our
+library quite a collection of works relating more or less directly to
+Holland. The New American Encyclopædia contains very full and reliable
+articles on the subject. We have a full list of Murray's Hand-Books,
+which form a library in themselves, and which impart the most minute
+information. Indeed, half the books of travel which are written are
+based upon Murray's invaluable works. Then we have Motley's History of
+the Dutch Republic, and the two volumes of his United Netherlands which
+have been published. My knowledge of Holland and Belgium comes mainly
+from these works."
+
+"I haven't had time to look up these matters yet. I have given
+considerable extra time to my French. As soon as we are moored, I
+suppose Mr. Mapps will give us his lecture on the country; and I intend
+to make that the basis of my reading."
+
+"Then I will not say anything more about the dikes," laughed Mr. Stoute.
+"You can do the matter up more systematically by your intended course."
+
+"I am very glad to get all I can without the trouble of hunting it up,"
+replied Paul, as he glanced again at the Young America. "I may have more
+time than I want to study up these subjects."
+
+"Why so?"
+
+"I suppose I am to be court-martialed for disobedience as soon as Mr.
+Lowington arrives," replied Paul, fixing his eyes upon the deck. "Mr.
+Hamblin has not spoken to me since I left the class yesterday
+afternoon."
+
+"It is not proper for me to say anything about that to you, Captain
+Kendall," added Mr. Stoute.
+
+"I feel that I have tried to do my duty; and, whatever happens to me, I
+shall endeavor to be satisfied."
+
+Professor Stoute walked away, apparently to avoid any further
+conversation on the disagreeable subject. Paul did not feel quite easy
+about the difficulty which had occurred between him and the dignified
+professor. He had hoped and expected that the storm would justify his
+action in the opinion of the learned gentleman; but Mr. Hamblin
+carefully avoided him, and he was confident he intended to prefer
+charges against him as soon as the principal arrived.
+
+The Josephine was now entering the port of Flushing. The pilot was
+talking with the Dutch skipper very earnestly, and occasionally glancing
+at the "Wel tevreeden." The latter seemed to be very uneasy, and to
+manifest a great deal of solicitude in regard to his vessel,
+notwithstanding she was safe, though the cargo had been damaged, and she
+had lost her masts and part of her standing rigging.
+
+"Captain Schimmelpennink to you wish to talk," said the pilot, stepping
+up to Paul.
+
+"Who?" exclaimed Paul, almost stunned by the sound of the Dutchman's
+name.
+
+The pilot repeated it, but not much more to the edification of the young
+commander than before.
+
+"I can't talk Dutch," laughed Paul.
+
+"I for you will speak the English," added the Belgian.
+
+This was hardly more encouraging than the Dutch of the disconsolate
+skipper; but Paul consented to the conference.
+
+"The galiot to you belongs for the labor you have to save him,"
+continued the pilot.
+
+With some difficulty, with the assistance of Mr. Stoute, who, however,
+was not familiar with French nautical terms, Paul learned that Captain
+Schimmelpennink was much disturbed about the ultimate disposal of the
+"Wel tevreeden." According to maritime law, recognized by all countries,
+the captain, officers, and crew of the Josephine were entitled to
+salvage for saving the vessel. As, without assistance, it was probable
+that the galiot would have been totally lost, the salvors would be
+entitled to the greater part of the value of the wreck when it should be
+sold. One half, two thirds, or even three fourths, is sometimes awarded
+to those who save a vessel, the proportion depending upon the condition
+of the wreck.
+
+It appeared that the captain of the galiot was much distressed on this
+account. He declared that he was a poor man; that his vessel was all the
+property he had in the world; that one of the men lost overboard in the
+squall was his own brother, and the other his wife's brother; and misery
+had suddenly come upon him in an avalanche. By the exertions of Martyn
+and others from the Josephine, a portion of the sails and standing
+rigging of the galiot had been saved, so that only about one fourth of
+the value of the vessel had been sacrificed by the tempest. But now the
+skipper was in great trouble because two thirds or three fourths of the
+remaining value of his property was to be decreed to the salvors by a
+maritime court.
+
+Paul did not feel that it would be right for him to settle, or even
+discuss, this question, and he referred the skipper to Mr. Lowington,
+assuring him that he was a fair man, and would deal kindly with him. But
+this did not satisfy the unfortunate man. It was bad enough to lose one
+fourth of his property,--for the vessel was not insured,--without having
+the greater part of the remainder wrested from him by a court.
+
+"All hands, moor ship, ahoy!" shouted the boatswain, when the schooner
+was approaching one of the great canals of Flushing, or Vlissingen, as
+the Dutch call it.
+
+The anchor was let go, the sails lowered and stowed, and the Josephine
+was once more at rest. The galiot came in, and anchored a cable's length
+from her. Communication between the two vessels was immediately opened,
+and Lieutenant Martyn made his report of the voyage since he sailed
+from Thornton's Ridge. No events of any importance had occurred, and his
+story could not be said to be at all sensational.
+
+In less than an hour the Young America ran into the port, and moored
+near the Josephine. The moment her anchor had buried itself in the mud
+of the harbor, her officers and crew were in the rigging, gazing
+earnestly at the consort. It was possible they had noticed the galiot
+under a jury-mast, and in some manner connected her with the Josephine;
+but they could have had no other clew to the exciting incidents which
+had transpired since the two vessels parted company the day before.
+
+"I desire to renew my request for a boat, Captain Kendall," said
+Professor Hamblin, stiffly, the moment the rattling cable of the ship
+was heard.
+
+"Certainly, sir. I shall be very happy to furnish a boat for you,"
+replied Paul, politely. "Mr. Terrill, you will pipe away the first
+cutters for Mr. Hamblin."
+
+"Yes, sir," replied the first lieutenant, touching his cap. "Boatswain,
+pipe away the first cutters for Mr. Hamblin."
+
+"Mr. Terrill, you will pipe away the crew of the gig for me. I will go
+on board of the ship," added the captain.
+
+"Yes, sir," answered Terrill. "Boatswain's mate, pipe away the gigsmen
+for the captain."
+
+"All the first cutters, on deck, ahoy!" shouted the boatswain.
+
+"All the gigsmen, on deck, ahoy!" piped the boatswain's mate.
+
+Professor Hamblin stamped his foot on deck when he heard these orders,
+given almost in the same breath. He did not seem to consider that there
+was anything to be done except to attend to his affair.
+
+"Captain Kendall," said he, walking up to the young commander, with a
+brisk, nervous step, "I wish to see Mr. Lowington alone."
+
+"Certainly, sir; I will not object to your seeing him alone. If I can do
+anything to favor your views, I shall be happy to assist."
+
+"You have ordered your gig, and you said you were going on board the
+ship," added the learned gentleman, his wrath not at all appeased by the
+conciliatory reply of Paul.
+
+"I am, sir."
+
+"Am I to understand that you are going to see the principal in reference
+to my communication with him?" demanded Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"No, sir. It is my duty to report any unusual event which occurs in the
+navigation of this vessel," answered Paul, respectfully.
+
+"It is quite proper for you to regard your own disobedience as an
+unusual event," retorted the professor.
+
+"I was not thinking of that, sir. I am quite willing to leave that
+matter with Mr. Lowington, and to abide by his decision. I refer to the
+storm, and the wreck of the Dutch galiot. Those were unusual events."
+
+"It would be more proper, and more respectful to me, for you to defer
+your affairs till after I have seen the principal. This is the Sabbath
+day," added Mr. Hamblin, solemnly. "I do not desire to have this
+controversy opened to-day."
+
+"Then, sir, I suggest that you defer it until to-morrow," added Paul.
+
+"This is a question of discipline, and admits of no delay. If the
+professors of this vessel are to be disobeyed and insulted, it is not
+proper for me to remain in her another hour."
+
+"Insulted, sir?" exclaimed the young commander, blushing under this
+charge.
+
+"Yes, sir; insulted, sir!" replied Mr. Hamblin, angrily. "Did you not
+leave the class? That was disobedience, which, under the circumstances,
+perhaps I might have forgiven, if you had not added insult to injury.
+Not contented with your own misconduct, you immediately ordered all
+hands to be called, and every member of my class was taken away."
+
+"As to-day is Sunday, sir, I will not attempt to explain my conduct. I
+am very sorry that any difficulty has occurred; but I think Mr.
+Lowington will understand the matter. Your boat is ready, Mr. Hamblin,"
+added Paul, pointing to the gangway, where the third lieutenant was
+waiting for his passenger.
+
+"Do I understand that you insist upon going on board of the ship
+immediately?" demanded the professor.
+
+"Yes, sir. It is my duty to report to the principal without delay. There
+is a signal at the peak of the ship now," replied Paul.
+
+"Signal for the captain to report on board of the ship, sir," said the
+signal-officer, touching his cap to his commander.
+
+Mr. Hamblin went over the side into the first cutter, which pulled away
+towards the ship. The gig immediately took her place, and the captain
+stepped into her. The cutter reached the Young America first, and the
+angry professor ran up the ladder with unwonted briskness. The principal
+was standing on the quarter, waiting to see the captain of the
+Josephine, for he was anxious to learn whether she had sustained any
+damage or lost any one overboard in the fierce storm. He knew that
+nothing but the most skilful seamanship could have prevented the decks
+of the schooner from being washed in the tremendous sea that prevailed
+during the hurricane.
+
+To Mr. Lowington every moment of time since the two vessels of the
+squadron parted company the day before had been burdened with the most
+intense solicitude for the fate of the consort and her crew. The fact
+that she had been dilatory in taking in sail, when no one could know at
+what instant the squall would break upon her, had indicated a degree of
+recklessness which increased his anxiety. Mr. Fluxion had been sent to
+the fore cross-trees with a powerful glass early in the morning, and the
+Josephine had been discovered by the ship long before the Young America
+was seen by the pilot.
+
+During the night the ship had cruised off and on in search of her
+consort, but the Josephine had drifted to the southward, and had sailed
+in that direction, after the fury of the tempest had wasted itself, in
+looking for the wreck of the galiot. The report of Mr. Fluxion on the
+cross-trees that she was entering the Hond, relieved the principal's
+anxiety in part; but he was still fearful that some of her crew had been
+washed overboard. As soon as the anchor was let go, he had ordered the
+signal for Captain Kendall to be hoisted.
+
+Mr. Hamblin was the first person from the Josephine who presented
+himself to the principal. There was something in the professor's
+countenance which looked ominous, and Mr. Lowington's fears seemed to be
+confirmed by the unusual solemnity of the learned gentleman's
+expression. Mr. Lowington's heart rose up into his throat; for
+independently of the sorrow which the loss of one or more of the
+Josephine's crew would cause him, he realized that such a calamity would
+be the death-blow to his favorite experiment. The entire charge of her
+had been committed to a boy of sixteen, and he blamed himself severely
+because he had not placed an experienced officer on board of her, who
+might at least act in great emergencies. Though Mr. Cleats was an old
+sailor, he was not a navigator.
+
+The principal was in this state of suffering, bordering upon anguish,
+when the irate professor of Greek and Latin came on board. Mr. Lowington
+tried to think that nothing had happened, but it was impossible. If any
+one had been lost, the Josephine's flag would be at half mast, or some
+other signal would have been made. Mr. Hamblin's face looked like death
+itself, only his brow was contracted, and his lips were compressed as
+though anger and sorrow were combined in his expression.
+
+"What has happened, Mr. Hamblin?" demanded the principal, manifesting
+more emotion than any one on board had ever before observed in his
+manner.
+
+"I am sorry to say, Mr. Lowington, that an unpleasant event has occurred
+on board of the Josephine," the professor began, very solemnly.
+
+"I feared it," gasped Mr. Lowington. "Who was it?"
+
+"The captain--"
+
+"Captain Kendall!" groaned Mr. Lowington, striking his bewildered head
+with both hands. "Good Heaven! I am responsible for this!"
+
+"What is the matter, Mr. Lowington?" demanded the astonished professor.
+
+"What did you say about Captain Kendall?" asked the principal, catching
+at the straw which the learned gentleman's question seemed to hold out
+to him.
+
+"I prefer to speak to you alone about it, Mr. Lowington," added the
+professor, glancing at the group of officers and instructors that were
+gathering around him. "I will endeavor to control my emotions in stating
+this unpleasant business."
+
+Mr. Lowington, apparently happy to have even a moment's respite from the
+grief and gloom which must follow the sad intelligence of the loss of
+Captain Kendall, led the way to the professors' cabin.
+
+"Now, sir, what is it? Let me know the worst!" exclaimed the principal,
+dropping upon the sofa like a man whose strength had all been taken from
+him. "I have been dreading it for many long and weary hours."
+
+"Dreading it?" repeated the confused professor. "Dreading what, sir?"
+
+"That the Josephine had suffered severely in the storm," replied the
+principal, impatiently. "You have come to tell me that Captain Kendall
+was lost overboard?" And Mr. Lowington heaved a long sigh.
+
+"No, sir," protested Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"Didn't you say that a very unpleasant affair had happened on board?"
+demanded the principal, eagerly.
+
+"I did; but it was not the loss of the captain."
+
+"Who was it?" asked Mr. Lowington, catching his breath, in the heaviness
+of his anxiety.
+
+"I really don't understand you, sir," said the learned gentleman,
+astonished and confounded by what he regarded as the singular conduct of
+the principal.
+
+"Has any one been lost overboard from the Josephine?" demanded Mr.
+Lowington, in a loud tone, for he was impatient under the shuffling
+manner of the professor.
+
+"No, sir; no one, that I am aware of."
+
+"That you are aware of!" exclaimed Mr. Lowington, sternly.
+
+"Of course, if any one had been lost, I should have heard of it,"
+answered Mr. Hamblin, who did not quite like the tone of the principal.
+
+"Then the officers and crew are all safe--are they?"
+
+"They are, sir--all safe."
+
+"Thank God!" ejaculated Mr. Lowington, heartily, an awfully heavy load
+removed from his mind.
+
+"I have come on board, sir, to make a complaint against the captain of
+the Josephine. This is the unpleasant business which brings me here,"
+added the learned gentleman, decidedly.
+
+"Indeed!"
+
+But even this, disagreeable as it was, came as a relief to the
+overcharged heart of Paul's best friend, who had received a terrible
+shock from the confused state-ment of the professor. Yet it was very
+strange that any one should have a complaint to make against Paul
+Kendall, who had always been noble and manly, gentle and conciliating.
+
+"Yesterday, just before the storm came on, Mr. Kendall was reciting with
+the Greek class," continued Mr. Hamblin. "Word came to him that his
+presence was required on deck. He asked my permission to go on deck. As
+I could not see the necessity of his leaving the class before the lesson
+was finished, I refused to give him permission."
+
+"Did he leave then?"
+
+"Not then; but half an hour later another message came to him, and he
+left, contrary to my orders, and contrary to my protest," added the
+professor, waxing indignant as he recounted his wrongs.
+
+"What was the message that came the second time?" asked Mr. Lowington,
+mildly.
+
+"I do not remember precisely what it was--I am not versed in sea terms;
+but I do remember that Mr. Kendall left the class contrary to my express
+order. Not contented with this, he called all hands, and broke up the
+school, when there was no need of it. Such conduct is utterly subversive
+of school discipline, and--"
+
+"Excuse me, Mr. Hamblin, but as to-day is Sunday, I must defer hearing
+any more of your complaint until to-morrow," continued Mr. Lowington,
+rising from his chair.
+
+"I desire to have this question settled before I resume my position in
+the Josephine," said the professor, cut by the apparent coolness of the
+principal.
+
+"I will hear what Captain Kendall has to say about it."
+
+"Sir," exclaimed the learned gentleman, "am I to understand that you are
+not satisfied with the truth of my statement?"
+
+"By no means. I wish to hear from Captain Kendall his excuse for leaving
+the class. I am not able to determine whether it was satisfactory."
+
+"I have already determined that question myself. I think I observed to
+you that there was not a sufficient excuse for his leaving the class."
+
+"I will defer the discussion of the matter till to-morrow," replied Mr.
+Lowington.
+
+"I do not object to the delay, sir; but I do object to having any of the
+statements of the pupil counterbalance those I have made."
+
+"Do you wish me to condemn him without a hearing?"
+
+"I do not wish you to condemn him at all. I simply ask to be sustained
+in the discharge of my duty as a teacher."
+
+"I will hear what more you have to say to-morrow, Mr. Hamblin."
+
+"Very well, sir; but you must allow me to remain on board of the ship
+until to-morrow, for I cannot return to the Josephine till this
+unpleasant matter has been adjusted."
+
+"As you please," replied the principal, as he hastened on deck, where a
+cheer, half suppressed in deference to the day, had a few moments before
+been heard.
+
+As Paul came down from the rail of the ship, he was greeted with
+applause; for, without knowing what had occurred after they lost sight
+of the consort, the students in the ship realized that Paul had taken
+his vessel safely through the storm. He bowed and blushed at this
+demonstration, and hastened to meet Mr. Lowington, who was just coming
+up from his interview with the professor. He had purposely delayed his
+passage to the ship, in order to afford Mr. Hamblin time to make his
+charges. It was plain that he had done so now, and Paul was not a little
+anxious for the result.
+
+"Captain Kendall, I am very glad to see you," said Mr. Lowington,
+warmly, as he extended his hand to the young commander.
+
+"Thank you, sir; I am just as glad to see you," replied Paul, taking the
+proffered hand, and concluding that the professor had not materially
+prejudiced the principal against him.
+
+"I have been very anxious about you, Captain Kendall," added Mr.
+Lowington. "I have imagined that all sorts of terrible things had
+happened to you and the Josephine. Is all well on board?"
+
+"Yes, sir; but we are all very tired. We were up all night, and the crew
+had to work very hard."
+
+"All night?"
+
+"We went to the assistance of that galiot, sir. We saved four persons,
+and brought the vessel in, as you see her now. She was knocked down in
+the squall, and lost two men. We found her on her beam-ends."
+
+"Indeed, Captain Kendall, you have had your hands full," replied Mr.
+Lowington, pleased with the gallant conduct of his young friend.
+
+"The captain of the galiot,--he has a name as long as the main
+royal-mast backstay, and I can't remember it,--the captain is on board
+of the Josephine, and wishes to see you very much. I referred the whole
+matter to you, sir."
+
+"I will see him at once."
+
+"He don't speak a word of English--only Dutch."
+
+"Mr. Fluxion speaks Dutch, and he shall go with me. I will return with
+you in your boat," added the principal.
+
+The professor of mathematics was called, and they embarked in the
+Josephine's gig. On the way Paul briefly detailed the events which had
+occurred since the squall came on, explaining the means by which the
+shipwrecked party had been saved, and the vessel righted. He generously
+bestowed great praise upon his officers and crew for their zealous
+efforts both in working the Josephine, and in saving the galiot and her
+crew.
+
+"I have been worried about you, Captain Kendall. You did not seem to be
+as prudent as usual when the storm was threatening. Ten minutes before
+the squall came up you had every rag of canvas set, including your fore
+square-sail. You ought to have reduced sail half an hour sooner,
+especially as there was no wind, and not a sail was drawing. You should
+have taken your precautions sooner, for you can't tell the precise
+moment when a hurricane will burst upon you. All light sails and all
+extra ones should be taken in when there is a possibility of a squall."
+
+"I was attending the Greek class," replied Paul; but he resolved to make
+no allusion to the difficulty between Mr. Hamblin and himself.
+
+Paul's reply gave the principal an idea of the occasion of the
+unpleasantness, but he refrained from any further remark on the subject.
+
+"The Dutch captain is much troubled about the salvage on his vessel, for
+the Belgian pilot told him the Josephine would be entitled to two thirds
+or three fourths of the property saved," continued Paul.
+
+"Salvage!" said the principal, with a smile. "Well, I suppose you are
+entitled to it."
+
+"I hope you will give the Dutchman the vessel and cargo. He feels very
+badly. He has lost a brother and a brother-in-law, and now he is afraid
+of losing nearly all that was saved. I hope you will not take any
+salvage. I am sure the Josephines would all vote to have you make no
+claim for it."
+
+"Excellent! I hope they will," replied the principal, as he ascended to
+the schooner's deck, followed by Mr. Fluxion and Paul.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER V.
+
+CAPTAIN SCHIMMELPENNINK.
+
+
+At the request of the principal, Mr. Fluxion acted as interpreter in the
+conversation with the Dutch skipper. The unfortunate man stated his
+case, and bewailed the heavy loss to which he had been subjected by the
+tempest.
+
+"Call all hands, if you please, Captain Kendall," said Mr. Lowington,
+when he had heard the statement as translated by Mr. Fluxion.
+
+Paul gave the required order, and in a few moments the crew were at
+quarters. The principal took his place on the main hatch, and all the
+Josephines waited with interest to hear what he had to say.
+
+"Young gentlemen, since we parted company in the squall yesterday, I
+have suffered a great deal of anxiety on your account. The ship ran off
+before the gale, while the Josephine lay to. If you had not sailed to
+the southward after the tempest, we should not have lost sight of you
+for more than a few hours. I acknowledge that I reproached myself
+severely for intrusting the vessel to the sole care of students. But I
+find that she has been as well handled as though she had been under
+command of an old and experienced man. I wish to say to you that Captain
+Kendall has acquitted himself remarkably well in the emergency. Though
+he did not take in his light sails quite as soon as he should,
+everything else was done with the skill and prudence of a veteran."
+
+At this point the students on board, who knew very well why Paul had not
+taken in the light sails sooner, looked at one another and smiled
+significantly. The difficulty between the professor and the captain had
+been fully discussed among them, and it hardly need be said that Paul
+was fully justified by his shipmates.
+
+"I want to add," continued the principal, "that the conduct of Captain
+Kendall--with the exception I have mentioned--is fully and cordially
+approved. I must say that his behavior, his skill and energy, seem fully
+to justify the experiment undertaken in the Josephine. Your commander
+has made a full report of the vessel, and it gives me great pleasure to
+say that he awards the highest praise to his officers and crew for their
+zeal and fidelity. He informs me that officers and seamen labored with
+untiring energy to rescue the unfortunate persons on board of the
+galiot, and also to save the vessel itself. These efforts have been
+entirely successful.
+
+"It is at all times the duty of the seaman to save life and property on
+the high seas. No one knows how soon we may need the kind offices of
+brother sailors of any nation; and what we expect to receive from others
+we should at all times be prepared to render to them. You have done
+nobly. I congratulate you upon your success; and I thank you for the
+zeal with which you have discharged your several duties. Nothing so much
+as the dependence of one seaman upon another, in the hour of shipwreck
+and disaster, unites the seamen of all nations in one fraternity. Young
+gentlemen, you have done something for your ship, and something for your
+country; for every true American feels proud and happy when he learns
+that an American vessel has saved even a single shipwrecked mariner. I
+am sure your friends will be proud of you when they read your record for
+the last twenty-four hours.
+
+"According to maritime law, young gentlemen, you are entitled to salvage
+upon the vessel you have saved. Under ordinary circumstances, you would
+be justified in claiming from one half to three fourths of the value of
+this vessel. The galiot, I am informed, was not insured. The value of
+the vessel and cargo is perhaps four or five thousand dollars. I have no
+doubt the court would give you what would amount to two or three
+thousand dollars, at least; for without assistance the vessel would
+probably have been a total loss.
+
+"Captain Schimmelpennink, I am told, is the sole owner of the 'Wel
+tevreeden.' He and his family lived on board of her. It was their only
+home, and she was their only worldly possession. At an expense of a few
+hundred dollars, he can restore her to her original condition. If sold
+in her present state, she would not bring half her actual value.
+Deducting the salvage from this amount, the unfortunate captain would
+lose at least three fourths of his property, the accumulation of his
+lifetime."
+
+"We'll no rob the poor mon," interposed McLeish, the Scotch boy, who was
+now on his good behavior.
+
+"It will be no robbery, McLeish. You would take but your just dues,"
+replied the principal, with a smile.
+
+"We'll no tak it," added McLeish.
+
+"No, sir!" "No, sir!" "No, sir!" responded the students in every
+direction.
+
+"Not a dollar of it, sir!" said Paul, warmly.
+
+"Thank you, young gentlemen," continued Mr. Lowington, whose face
+indicated the pleasure he felt. "You have voluntarily suggested what I
+was about to propose to you. To-day is Sunday, and your conduct is
+worthy of the day. I should not have mentioned the matter until
+to-morrow, if I had not desired to relieve the unfortunate captain from
+his anxiety and suspense. Your conduct will gladden his heart. We will
+take a vote on this question, that there may be no mistake in regard to
+your intentions. Those in favor of abandoning the claim for salvage will
+signify it by raising the right hand."
+
+Every hand was raised, and most of the boys added an emphatic "Ay!" to
+the hand vote.
+
+"All up!" shouted the students, looking around them to find any one who
+was behind the others in this benevolent deed.
+
+"Every one," replied Mr. Lowington, smiling. "Mr. Fluxion, I will thank
+you to communicate to the master of the galiot the action of the ship's
+company."
+
+The Dutchman stood watching the proceedings of the party with a look of
+sad bewilderment. His wife and daughter were near him, as sad and
+confused as himself. The boys looked at him with interest as the
+professor of mathematics explained to him what had taken place. The
+expression which lighted up his face, as he comprehended the action of
+the students, was an ample reward for their generous conduct.
+
+"Tell him he may take possession of his vessel as soon as he pleases,"
+added the principal.
+
+Mr. Fluxion communicated this permission to the skipper; and when he
+heard it he cast a longing glance at the "Wel tevreeden," which he
+seemed to regard in the same light as his wife and daughter.
+
+"How much will it cost to repair the galiot?" asked one of the students,
+stepping forward from a group which had been whispering together for a
+moment very earnestly.
+
+"I do not know the price of materials in Holland," replied Mr.
+Lowington. "Perhaps the captain and the pilot may be able to give you
+some information on this subject."
+
+Mr. Fluxion, the pilot, and the master of the galiot consulted together
+for some time. The jib and foresail, and a portion of the standing and
+running rigging, had been saved, and the Belgian and the Dutchman made a
+computation of the cost of labor and material.
+
+"About twelve hundred guilders," said Mr. Lowington, after Mr. Fluxion
+had reported the result of the conference.
+
+"How much is that, sir?" asked one of the boys, blankly.
+
+"One hundred pounds, English," said Paul, who had already studied up
+Dutch currency. "About five hundred dollars."
+
+"I move you, sir, that a subscription paper be opened to raise the money
+to repair the galiot," said Lynch.
+
+"Second the motion," added Groesbeck.
+
+"Young gentlemen, I think you have done all that could be expected of
+you," said Mr. Lowington. "I do not mean to represent to you that
+Captain Schimmelpennink is an object of charity, though I am informed
+that he has not the means of paying for these repairs. But, since you
+desire it, I will put the matter to vote."
+
+The motion was carried unanimously, as the one remitting the claim for
+salvage had been. The principal suggested that it was proper to appoint
+a committee to attend to the subscriptions; and Terrill, Pelham, and
+Lynch were appointed to perform this duty. Nothing was said to the
+skipper of the galiot about this proposition; and Mr. Lowington having
+warmly commended the students for their generous sympathy with the
+unfortunate man, the crew were dismissed.
+
+A boat was sent to the "Wel tevreeden" with the captain and his party.
+The subscription paper was immediately opened. Terrill took the paper to
+Mr. Lowington first, who headed it with sixty guilders. The principal
+and the students seemed to make their financial calculations in English
+money, on the basis of twelve guilders to the pound. Mr. Fluxion put
+down twenty-four guilders, and the students twelve guilders each; for no
+one was willing to be behind the others.
+
+Mr. Lowington returned to the ship; and when dinner was over, most of
+the Josephines turned in, for there was a fearful gaping on board as
+soon as the excitement had subsided. Hardly any of the crew had closed
+their eyes during the preceding night, and all of them were very tired.
+
+At five o'clock, the white flag containing a blue cross, which is the
+signal for divine service, appeared on the Young America. The service
+had been postponed, to enable the Josephines to obtain a little needed
+rest: it was never dispensed with except at sea, in very heavy weather.
+Though the religious exercises were made unusually impressive by Mr.
+Agneau, after the storm and the wreck, it must be confessed that some of
+the consort's company went to sleep during the hour; but they were
+forgiven, even by the chaplain, when their zealous labors to save life
+and property were considered.
+
+For some reason of his own, Mr. Lowington invited the Dutch skipper and
+his family to attend the service, and a boat was sent for the party.
+They came on board, and were regarded with deep interest by the crew,
+though doubtless they were not much edified by the exercises, as they
+knew not a word of English.
+
+"Captain Kendall," said the first lieutenant of the schooner, when they
+returned to their cabin, "I think I have money enough to build a new
+galiot for Captain Schumblefungus, or whatever his name is. I don't
+wonder that a man with such a name as that should be cast away,
+especially if the mate had to speak it before he let go the halyards."
+
+"How much have you?" asked Paul.
+
+"I don't know," replied Terrill, producing a whole bundle of money
+orders, with which the students had paid their subscriptions. "Mr.
+Lowington made a speech to the Young Americans after he returned on
+board. He told them what we had done, and what we intended to do. The
+fellows in the ship wanted to have a finger in the pie; and I believe
+every one of them has put down his twelve guilders."
+
+"I am very glad to hear that; for I pitied the Dutch captain from the
+bottom of my heart," added Paul.
+
+"All the professors gave twelve guilders, except old Hamblin--"
+
+"Professor Hamblin," interposed Paul, gently rebuking his friend for
+using that disrespectful appellative.
+
+"Professor Hamblin; but I have no respect for him, and I can't always
+help speaking what I think. He is a solemn old lunatic, as grouty as a
+crab that has got aground."
+
+"We will not speak of him," said Paul, mildly.
+
+"Well, they all subscribed except him; and I'm sure I've got more than
+twelve hundred guilders. Why, even the cooks and stewards gave
+something."
+
+"I'm glad you have been so fortunate."
+
+"Captain Spunkenfungle's eyes will stick out a foot or two when he hears
+what we have done for him."
+
+"And I'm sure we shall be as happy as he; for such gifts, you know, are
+twice blessed."
+
+The sums on the subscription papers were added up by Terrill and Pelham.
+
+"Sixteen hundred and fifty-four guilders!" exclaimed the former, when
+the result had been reached.
+
+"Four hundred and fifty-four guilders more than the sum required," added
+Paul, delighted by the intelligence.
+
+"Shall we give it all to the skipper?" asked Pelham.
+
+"I don't know. We will leave that to Mr. Lowington," replied Paul.
+
+"I don't think we ought to give him any more than enough to make up his
+loss. That would tempt him to wreck his galiot again, if there was an
+American flag in sight," said Terrill.
+
+"I see no reason why he should be left any better off than before the
+disaster," continued the captain. "We can keep the money as a charity
+fund; and I have no doubt we shall soon find a chance to make good use
+of it."
+
+The embarrassment of having a surplus was better than that of a
+deficiency would have been, and the sleepy officers of the Josephine
+were not likely to be kept awake by it. All hands turned in at an
+earlier hour than usual. The anchor watch were as sleepy as the others;
+but the discipline of the vessel was rigidly adhered to, for the
+principal did not believe in neglecting any necessary precaution simply
+because the crew were tired. As seamen, the students were taught to
+realize that fatigue and want of sleep on shipboard would not justify
+any disregard of their regular routine duty.
+
+In the morning everything went on as usual. It had not been the
+intention of Mr. Lowington to put into Flushing, and no one was allowed
+to go on shore. The wind was fortunately fresh from the westward; the
+pilots were still on board; and the signal for sailing was hoisted on
+board of the Young America. Just before the squadron weighed anchor, Mr.
+Fluxion went on board of the galiot, and informed the skipper that all
+the expenses of the repairs of his vessel would be paid by the students
+of the institution. The professor reported that the poor man was beside
+himself with joy when he received this intelligence. He expressed his
+gratitude in extravagant terms, which had no English equivalents. Mr.
+Fluxion gave him eighty pounds in gold, and promised to see him again
+before the repairs were completed.
+
+Orders to weigh anchor were given, and the two vessels stood out of the
+port of Flushing into the broad river. At Paul's invitation, Dr.
+Winstock came on board for the passage up the river. Mr. Hamblin still
+remained a guest of the ship, and the surgeon volunteered to take his
+place, though he acknowledged that his Greek roots were little better
+than decayed stumps in his memory.
+
+There is nothing picturesque on the Scheldt; and it was no great
+hardship for the students to be compelled to attend to their lessons in
+the steerage half the time during the trip. The country is very
+low--some of it below the level of the sea; and there was little to be
+seen on shore, though the students on deck found enough to interest
+them.
+
+Mr. Hamblin was the only unhappy person in the squadron, even the
+Knights of the Red Cross finding enough in this new and strange land to
+occupy their time without plotting mischief. The learned gentleman did
+not like the way in which the principal appeared to be "sustaining" him.
+Mr. Lowington had called the crew together, and told them what the
+Josephines had done, praising them in what seemed to the professor to be
+the most extravagant language. He did not like it: it was hardly less
+than an insult to commend the student against whom he had preferred
+charges of disobedience and insubordination.
+
+He was vexed that no notice was taken of his complaints--that the matter
+had been deferred a single hour. In his opinion, Captain Kendall should
+have been promptly suspended. The moral effect of such a course would
+have been grand. Mr. Hamblin had spoken; and he felt that he had spoken.
+If he was not sustained, he could not return to the Josephine. He had
+spoken; and it was the principal's place to speak next.
+
+Mr. Lowington did not speak. He was busy all the morning; and when the
+vessels sailed, not a word had been said in allusion to the topic which,
+in Mr. Hamblin's estimation, overshadowed all others. If the principal
+did not think of it all the time, he ought to do so; for the academic
+branch of the institution would be a failure if discipline was not
+enforced. The ship stood on her way before the fresh westerly breeze,
+and still Mr. Lowington did not mention the matter. The professor waited
+till he felt he was utterly ignored, and was sacrificing his dignity
+every moment that he permitted the question to remain unsettled.
+
+"Mr. Lowington," said he at last, with a mighty effort,--for it was the
+principal's duty to speak first,--"I made a complaint to you yesterday.
+Thus far no notice whatever seems to have been taken of it."
+
+"Perhaps the longer we wait the easier it will be to settle the
+question," replied Mr. Lowington, pleasantly, though he dreaded the
+discussion that must ensue.
+
+"If I am not to be sustained in the discharge of my duties, it is
+useless for me to attempt to perform them to your satisfaction or my
+own."
+
+"You shall be sustained in the discharge of your duties, Mr. Hamblin.
+But we will discuss this matter in the cabin, if you please," added the
+principal, as he led the way below.
+
+"Unless an instructor is sustained, of course he can do nothing," said
+the professor, as he seated himself in the cabin.
+
+"Certainly not. I will hear your complaint now, Mr. Hamblin," replied
+the principal.
+
+The learned gentleman stated his grievance in about the same terms as on
+the day before.
+
+"You say that a message was sent down to the captain. Do you know what
+that message was?" asked the principal.
+
+"I do not remember it precisely. It was something about a squall."
+
+"Very likely it was," answered Mr. Lowington, dryly. "There was a squall
+coming up at the time--was there not?"
+
+"I knew there was a shower coming up."
+
+"You declined to let him go on deck?"
+
+"I did, sir. The recitation in Greek was not half finished," replied the
+professor, who deemed this a sufficient reason for declining.
+
+"Captain Kendall did not go on deck when the first message was sent
+down?"
+
+"No, sir; we continued the recitation for half an hour longer without
+interruption. Then the messenger came again. I told Mr. Kendall not to
+leave the class; but, in direct opposition to my order, he went on
+deck. Not satisfied with this, though he knew that half the students
+were engaged in the recitations, he ordered all hands to be called. Of
+course the students were glad enough to get away from their lessons; and
+all of them stampeded from the steerage, in spite of my protest, and
+without even a word of apology."
+
+"Did they?" added Mr. Lowington, with difficulty avoiding the disrespect
+of laughing in the face of the learned gentleman.
+
+"They did; and it must be as clear to you as it is to me, that such
+conduct is utterly subversive of anything like good discipline."
+
+"May I ask what punishment you propose as suitable for such an offence
+as that of Captain Kendall?"
+
+"I am perfectly willing to leave that matter to you, sir; but I should
+think that simple suspension from his office would be sufficient,
+considering the position of Mr. Kendall."
+
+"Mr. Hamblin, it is your misfortune, not your fault, that you were
+brought up on shore instead of at sea," added the principal. "You have
+made a very great mistake, sir."
+
+"I, sir!" exclaimed the learned gentleman, springing up from his seat as
+though such an event as that indicated by Mr. Lowington had never
+occurred in his life.
+
+"Captain Kendall also made a mistake," continued the principal.
+
+"He did indeed, sir. It is always a very great mistake to disobey one's
+teacher."
+
+"I do not mean that."
+
+"May I ask what you do mean, sir?"
+
+"His mistake was in not going on deck when the messenger sent to him by
+the officer of the deck reported that a squall was coming up."
+
+"But I refused the permission," said the professor, warmly.
+
+"Then he should have gone without your permission," added Mr. Lowington,
+decidedly.
+
+"Am I to understand, sir, that you counsel disobedience among the boys
+on the Josephine?"
+
+"No, sir; I counsel obedience to the laws of God and man, and to the
+orders of one's superior. Mr. Hamblin, is it possible that you could not
+understand the circumstances of that occasion?" continued the principal.
+"A squall was coming up, and you desired to detain the captain of your
+vessel in the steerage!"
+
+"But half the crew were on deck. I am told that Mr. Terrill is a
+competent seaman. He knew enough to take down the sails, if necessary."
+
+"Such a course would have been without a precedent, and in violation of
+one of the rules of the ship."
+
+"Did you not tell me that all the students, including the captain,--you
+mentioned him especially,--were subject to the orders of the professors
+in school hours?"
+
+"I certainly did; but if I had supposed that there was an instructor in
+either vessel so utterly wanting in discretion, I should have qualified
+the statement. Captain Kendall is in command of the Josephine. He is
+responsible for the safety of the vessel and for the lives of those on
+board."
+
+"He might have sent up word to take down the sails," growled Mr.
+Hamblin, disgusted beyond measure at the decision of the principal.
+
+"Did any one ever hear of a captain working his vessel while in the
+steerage?" retorted Mr. Lowington, impatiently, as he took a pen and
+wrote a few lines on a sheet of paper. "Was Captain Kendall respectful
+to you?"
+
+"No, sir."
+
+"What did he say that was disrespectful?"
+
+"Disobedience is always disrespectful. He used no disrespectful words."
+
+"I did not suppose he did. In a word, if Captain Kendall had gone on
+deck when the first messenger went to him, I should have justified and
+sustained him. I will go a step farther: he ought to have done so."
+
+"Then I am to understand that I am a mere cipher on board of the
+Josephine," demanded Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"You are to understand, sir, that the first duty of the captain of a
+ship is to his vessel and to those on board of her. Why, sir, I thought
+the young gentleman was insane, and I was intensely anxious, when I saw
+his vessel with all her light sails on while a squall, so clearly
+indicated as that of Saturday, was impending. I blamed him very much.
+The squall was as likely to come half an hour sooner as when it did
+come. If it had struck her with all sail set, it would have taken the
+masts out of her--perhaps foundered her. If several of the students had
+been lost, what satisfaction would it be to me or their friends to know
+that the disaster occurred because the professor of Greek refused to let
+the captain go on deck!"
+
+"Perhaps I was wrong, sir."
+
+"_Perhaps_ you were! If you do not know that you were, you are not fit
+for the position to which I assigned you."
+
+"I see that you fully sustain Mr. Kendall," groaned the professor.
+
+"I only blame him because he did not disobey you the first time instead
+of the second."
+
+"Was it necessary for him to call all hands?" demanded Mr. Hamblin,
+triumphantly.
+
+"It was emphatically necessary! If he had gone on deck when the first
+message reached him, it might not have been necessary, though I should
+have sustained him in doing so; for the safest side is always the best
+side. May I ask you to read this order?" added the principal, as he
+handed the sheet upon which he had written to the learned professor.
+
+Mr. Hamblin read the order aloud.
+
+     Captain Kendall is hereby authorized and directed to leave any
+     class in which he may be engaged, whenever, in his own judgment,
+     the management of his vessel requires him to do so. The instructors
+     in the consort are requested to respect this order.
+
+                                                      R. LOWINGTON.
+
+
+
+Professor Hamblin dropped the paper, took off his spectacles, looked on
+the floor a moment, and seemed to feel that the nautical academy was not
+the paradise of schoolmasters.
+
+"Mr. Lowington, I feel obliged to tender my resignation of the position
+I occupy," said the learned gentleman, haughtily.
+
+"Very well, sir. Though the want of an instructor in your department
+will be a serious inconvenience to me, I shall accept your resignation
+if you are not willing to respect this order," replied the principal.
+
+That ended the conference, and Paul was sustained.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VI.
+
+PROFESSOR HAMBLIN CHANGES HIS MIND.
+
+
+Professor Hamblin went on deck, walked up and down, and made himself as
+miserable as possible. He was the senior instructor of the Josephine,
+and was the superintendent of her academic department. He had been a
+schoolmaster or a professor for forty years, and was fully steeped in
+the dogmatism of the pedagogue. He was disposed to be overbearing and
+tyrannical, though perhaps his profession, rather than his nature, had
+implanted this tendency in his character. Certainly the almost absolute
+sway of the schoolmaster encourages such an unfortunate development of
+the lower faculties of human nature.
+
+It is necessary that the parent or the teacher should have this absolute
+sway. Practically, his will is law, and the child has no alternative but
+to rebel or obey. The limit to his authority is only placed on the line
+where tyranny ends and actual abuse begins. It is true that public
+opinion has its influence upon the teacher or parent; but there is room
+for much petty oppression before the limit of endurance is reached. A
+man may be an efficient teacher, and produce splendid intellectual
+results, while he is a tyrant and an oppressor; indeed, his tyranny and
+oppression may be the very means by which his success is accomplished.
+
+The rights of the pupil are not recognized by such men. The scholar is
+regarded as a machine, rather than an immortal soul. Though Mr. Hamblin
+was a very pious man, in his own way, and was very careful in his
+observance of all the forms of law and tradition, he was a tyrant at
+heart. He ruled with an iron will, and willingly suffered no one in the
+school-room to hold an opinion different from his own. He was not
+popular in the Josephine; he had never been a popular teacher anywhere,
+though he had been a successful one, so far as intellectual results were
+concerned. His success seemed to justify him, and certainly it added to
+the strength of his tyrannical will.
+
+The good schoolmaster recognizes and respects the rights of the scholar.
+While he is an unflinching disciplinarian, expecting an unquestioning
+obedience, he does not believe in his own infallibility. He is kind and
+considerate, and regards his pupil as an embryo man, "endowed with
+certain inalienable rights," which none may trample upon with impunity.
+He is both just and merciful, his heart being filled with love to God
+and love to man.
+
+Such was not Mr. Hamblin. The greatest sin of a student was to have a
+will of his own. He had not the power or the inclination to harmonize
+that will with the requirements of duty, and he broke it down, not by
+coarse abuse, but by making the pupil so uncomfortable that a total
+submission was better than a reasonable independence. In mild-tempered
+boys, like Paul Kendall, the task was an easy one, when no principle was
+at stake.
+
+The professor walked up and down the deck, brooding over his grievances.
+He could not afford to abandon his situation on the one hand, and it
+seemed impossible to acknowledge that he was wholly wrong on the other
+hand. When he had thoroughly cooled off, he was willing to own that it
+was necessary for the captain to go on deck, and that if he had
+comprehended the situation he should have given him permission to do so.
+But he knew nothing about the management of a vessel. How should a
+professor of Greek and Latin be expected to understand a matter which
+even the most ignorant could comprehend, and of which even a boy of
+sixteen had made himself master? Boys could play base-ball, but he did
+not know how; and it seemed just as much beneath his dignity to be
+familiar with practical navigation.
+
+He was sorry now that he had not given Captain Kendall permission to go
+on deck; for it was impossible to refute the arguments of the principal;
+but at the same time he had not overstepped the duties of his office. He
+had been informed that all the students, even to the captain, were
+subject to his will and pleasure during school hours, and therefore he
+had a perfect right to detain the captain. It was not his fault that a
+blunder had been made; he had not made it.
+
+The order which Mr. Lowington had shown him would remedy the difficulty
+in future, and prevent its repetition; but if that order was
+promulgated, it would assure the pupils that Captain Kendall had been
+fully sustained, and that the professor had not been sustained. Mr.
+Hamblin shuddered at the thought; for justifying a student at the
+expense of the instructor was an enormity which he could not
+countenance. The captain's will would remain unbroken, and the professor
+would occupy a secondary position on board of the Josephine.
+
+The learned gentleman walked the deck hour after hour, endeavoring to
+devise a plan by which he could return to his position without the
+sacrifice of any portion of his dignity. Mr. Lowington, in saying that
+the professor's resignation would be a serious inconvenience to him, had
+left the door open for him to revise his final action. The squadron was
+eventually to visit Greece and other classic lands, and he was very
+anxious to continue his travels, not only without expense to himself,
+but while in the receipt of a handsome salary. Such an opportunity to
+see Europe could never again be presented to him, and he was not willing
+to sacrifice it.
+
+Professor Hamblin was becoming more reasonable; but there was the
+untamed will of Captain Kendall, an unconquered fortress, in his path.
+Perhaps Mr. Lowington, now that the excitement of the first interview
+had subsided, might help him out of the embarrassing dilemma, though his
+decided manner was not very encouraging. The professor determined to
+have another interview, and as soon as he saw the principal alone he
+opened the subject again.
+
+"What you said about my resignation, Mr. Lowington, gives me some
+uneasiness. It is not my wish to subject you to any inconvenience by
+leaving you, in a foreign land, where much delay must necessarily ensue
+before you can obtain a suitable person to fill my place," said he, in a
+tone of embarrassment.
+
+"It would disturb my plans very much; but I cannot endanger the vessel
+and the lives of those on board of her. The position of Captain Kendall
+is anomalous, you will perceive."
+
+"I am quite willing now to say that if I had understood the situation, I
+should have permitted Mr. Kendall to leave the class."
+
+"And I am quite willing to say that your services as an instructor are
+entirely satisfactory to me," added the principal, with a smile.
+
+They were more satisfactory to him than they were to the students of the
+Josephine.
+
+"Then we seem to be in full accord with each other on these points,"
+replied the professor, hopefully. "I trust some arrangement may be made
+to reconcile the differences of opinion on the question of discipline.
+You do not sustain me, Mr. Lowington."
+
+"I cannot, sir. If I did, I should expect the Josephine to go to the
+bottom with all on board, in the first gale of wind she encounters,
+should Captain Kendall happen to be reciting his Greek at the time."
+
+"I think I understand the matter better now, and in a similar emergency
+I should permit him to leave the class."
+
+"In matters of seamanship and navigation, I have more confidence in the
+judgment of Captain Kendall than in yours. He must be absolute in his
+position as captain of the vessel."
+
+"Of course, sir; and in the composition of a soup doubtless you would
+have more confidence in the judgment of your cook than in mine," added
+the professor, cynically; for, intellectually, the cook and the captain
+appeared to be on the same level to him; and as a professor of Greek, he
+did not regard it as any more derogatory to his dignity not to know
+anything of the principles of seamanship than to be ignorant of the art
+of making a soup.
+
+"The order which I have written, and which I shall transmit to Captain
+Kendall as soon as the squadron comes to anchor, will set the matter
+right," said Mr. Lowington.
+
+"Do you insist on issuing that order?" asked Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"I do."
+
+"Let me say that Mr. Stoute did not indorse my course, and that in
+future I will give Mr. Kendall permission to leave the class whenever he
+desires to do so."
+
+"That is very well, sir; but, under the circumstances, I cannot permit
+the captain to be embarrassed even by the necessity of asking
+permission. If, by any diffidence on his part, he should delay asking
+leave to go on deck, serious mishaps might occur."
+
+"Then I am to be subject to the will of that boy?" said the professor,
+disgusted at the thought.
+
+"Not unless you are connected with the sailing department of the vessel.
+You are simply prevented from exercising your will over him, to the
+detriment of his duties as a navigator."
+
+"In this light the case looks different to me," added the professor, who
+was laboring to recede from his position as gracefully as possible. "I
+am willing to permit the captain to have his own will in all matters
+pertaining to the management of the vessel, as I am to allow the cook
+entire freedom in making his soup."
+
+"Then nothing more need be said, and you can resume your position on
+board of the Josephine at once."
+
+"I am not entirely satisfied about that order, Mr. Lowington," added Mr.
+Hamblin.
+
+"Why not?"
+
+"Because that sustains Mr. Kendall and condemns me in a public and
+formal manner."
+
+"That is precisely what I intend to do."
+
+"It amounts to sacrificing me, by placing me in a derogatory position. I
+have not transcended the power given me, and it is not right that I
+should be formally condemned."
+
+"The order passes no judgment upon the past; it relates to the future
+only. Captain Kendall must understand that he has full liberty to go
+when and where he pleases, in the discharge of his duty. I am confident
+he will not abuse this liberty."
+
+"But I am to stand before him in this business as a whipped puppy.
+Couldn't you give him the order verbally, and explain my position to
+him?"
+
+"What is your position?" demanded the principal, with a smile.
+
+"I mean simply that in detaining him I erred through a want of knowledge
+of seamanship."
+
+"I can explain that; but I think it would be better for you to do so."
+
+"For me!" gasped the professor. "Why, sir, that would be an apology!"
+
+"It would be merely an explanation, which would come more gracefully
+from you than from any other person."
+
+"I don't think so, sir. It would be lowering myself before him."
+
+"As you please, Mr. Hamblin. I will explain the matter myself, when I
+give him the order."
+
+"If you could give him the order verbally, it would be better."
+
+"No; he must have the written order to show to any professor who
+disputes his authority. But Captain Kendall will never give you any
+trouble. He is manly and gentle, and he will not take advantage of his
+position."
+
+"I think he will have abundant ground to manifest his triumph."
+
+"He will not do anything of the kind. If any officer of the Josephine
+treats you with disrespect, he shall be suspended at once from office."
+
+"That is very proper, sir," added Mr. Hamblin, heartily.
+
+The learned gentleman let himself down as easily as possible. He had
+consented to remain rather than subject the principal to the great
+inconvenience and delay of procuring a new instructor. Captain Kendall
+was to be independent only in the sailing department, in which he had no
+disposition to interfere, any more than with the cook. He regarded it as
+a bitter necessity which compelled him to return to the Josephine; for
+he could not forego the pecuniary advantage and the opportunity of
+visiting the classic lands which the voyage presented; but, though he
+yielded with what grace he could command, he was dissatisfied with Mr.
+Lowington, and more dissatisfied with Paul.
+
+To go back to the consort unsustained was almost like going to a dungeon
+for a capital crime, to which nothing but personal interest induced him
+to submit. If the captain did not enjoy his triumph, it would be a
+degree of forbearance which he could not comprehend. But he was quite
+certain that the captain would "put on airs," abuse his absolute
+liberty, and perhaps snub his teacher before the class. Mr. Hamblin
+expected this, and made up his mind to be on the lookout for it.
+
+After dinner Mr. Lowington suggested that his services must be much
+needed on board of the Josephine, and proposed to send him to her at
+once. Mr. Hamblin consented, and as the consort kept astern of the ship,
+the latter was hove to, and the professor's barge lowered. Mr. Lowington
+went with the learned gentleman, and agreeably to his promise, made a
+full explanation to Paul, while the instructor, without a word to any
+one, hastened to the steerage, and called his class, just as though
+nothing had occurred. It was observed that he was unusually sour,
+crabbed, and precise, and all the students were anxious to know how the
+question of discipline had been settled.
+
+"Read this order, if you please, Captain Kendall," said the principal,
+when he had conducted him to the cabin, where they were alone.
+
+"I have no desire to leave my class, unless my duty to the vessel
+requires it," added Paul, after he had read the order.
+
+"I did not suppose you had; but you will keep that order in your pocket,
+and remember that your first duty is to your ship and crew."
+
+"I suppose you have learned by this time, sir, the reason why we did not
+take in sail sooner on Saturday," continued Paul, blushing deeply.
+
+"I have. Professor Hamblin feels very badly about this matter. At the
+time of it, he believed he was right, for he knows less about a vessel
+than even the chaplain of the ship. He acknowledges now that he was in
+error. Our rules did not before apply with sufficient distinctness to
+your particular case, as captain of the vessel, responsible for her
+proper navigation. Mr. Hamblin did not overstep the letter of his duty
+in refusing you permission to go on deck, and I only blame him for his
+want of judgment. By this order, which corrects the ship's rules, you
+are made independent in all matters relating to the management of the
+vessel."
+
+"I think there can be no trouble now, sir," replied Paul, delighted to
+find that his conduct was approved.
+
+"I hope not; and I do not expect any."
+
+Mr. Lowington returned to the ship, satisfied that he had healed the
+wounds of both the sufferers. Paul was happy, and he determined to treat
+the professor with the utmost deference and kindness, and thus remove
+the remembrance of the difficulty. At four o'clock, after the squadron
+had passed Beveland, and entered the Belgian territory, Paul went down
+to recite his Greek, as usual. He could not help seeing that Mr.
+Hamblin's lip quivered, and that he was laboring under strong emotions,
+when he took his place at the mess table. The captain was hardly less
+embarrassed, but he hoped an opportunity would soon occur for him to
+perform some kind act for the irritated gentleman.
+
+When the recitation was nearly finished, and both parties had recovered
+their self-possession, the vessel gave a sudden "bump," which nearly
+tipped the professor off his stool; but he righted himself, and was too
+much absorbed in his favorite study to think of the incident for a
+moment.
+
+"Mr. Terrill directs me to report to you that the vessel is aground!"
+said one of the midshipmen, in breathless haste, touching his cap to the
+captain.
+
+Paul blushed deeply, and was intensely annoyed at this repetition of the
+circumstances of Saturday; but there was no alternative but for him to
+go on deck.
+
+"Will you excuse me, Mr. Hamblin?" asked Paul, rising.
+
+The professor bowed, but made no reply in words. He wondered if the
+vessel had not been run aground on purpose to mortify and annoy him. He
+was inclined to think that such was the case, and that it had been done
+to enable the captain to display his absolute authority.
+
+Paul went on deck; but the pilot assured him that the accident would not
+subject the vessel to half an hour's delay, for the tide was rising very
+rapidly. He had run her a little too near a shoal, while the Young
+America, by keeping in mid channel, had gone clear. There was nothing
+for the captain to do on deck, and he returned to his class. The
+Josephine came off the ground within the half hour, and by putting on
+more sail overhauled the ship before she reached Antwerp.
+
+"Here is the city, Paul," said Dr. Winstock, as the Josephine rounded a
+bend in the river. "You can see the spire of Antwerp Cathedral."
+
+"I see it, sir. I have heard a great deal about it. This is farther than
+we have been from the sea since we sailed."
+
+"Yes, it is a long pull from the sea for a sailing vessel; but Antwerp
+is the only convenient port for visiting the greater part of Belgium. We
+are only a short distance from Brussels, Ghent, Malines, and Liége. I
+suppose we shall visit no other port in Belgium; indeed, there is no
+other convenient one, except Ostend."
+
+"There is a whole fleet of British steamers at anchor opposite the
+town," said Paul, when the Josephine had gone a little farther.
+
+"A great many merchant steamers come up the river. There are regular
+lines to London and Harwich. By the latter route you may leave Antwerp
+at four in the afternoon and be in London at nine the next morning,
+though the Ostend or Calais line is quicker and better."
+
+"Those are large steamers," added Paul, as the squadron approached the
+fleet at anchor.
+
+"Why, that's the Victoria and Albert!" exclaimed the doctor, pointing to
+the largest of the ships. "That is the yacht of the Queen of England."
+
+"It is a pretty large yacht," replied Paul. "What are the other
+steamers?"
+
+"They are the consorts of the yacht. The one that lies nearest to her is
+the Osborne, which was formerly the queen's state vessel. The others are
+merely a kind of guard of honor."
+
+"Does it take five steamships to bring the queen over to Antwerp?" asked
+Paul, laughing.
+
+"She must go in state when she goes," added the doctor. "The Victoria
+and Albert is a ship of twenty-four hundred tons. I hope we shall have
+an opportunity to go on board of her."
+
+"I hope we shall; but that is hardly to be expected."
+
+"They do not exhibit her when she is in English waters, but I think they
+do when she is abroad."
+
+"All ready to moor ship, Mr. Terrill," said Paul, as the Young America
+gave the signal.
+
+The Josephine ran up to a point near the ship, and within a couple of
+cables' length of the royal squadron let go her anchor. Port officers
+came on board, and explained the harbor regulations; among them, one
+whose duty it was to determine the amount due the pilot. This official
+"hooked" the vessel, or measured her draught. As the Josephine drew
+about ten feet of water, the charge was one hundred and ninety-eight
+francs.
+
+Everything was made snug on board; the ropes were carefully coiled, and
+all the running rigging hauled taut; for, lying near the queen's yacht,
+Paul desired to have the vessel present her best appearance. The work of
+the day was ended, and the students were at liberty to observe the
+strange scenes around them. There was the city of Antwerp, but it was
+not much different from any other city. The Scheldt formed a crescent in
+front of the town, and there was a multitude of vessels lying at the
+quays, as the space on the shore is called. The river is about fifteen
+hundred feet wide, and deep enough to float a ship of the line. The city
+is very strongly fortified, on both sides of the river.
+
+"Here we are, for a week or two," said Pelham to the first lieutenant,
+after all the ship's duty had been performed.
+
+"I suppose so," replied Terrill. "It seems to me just as though we had
+been sailing down hill ever since we came into the river. Hark!"
+
+It was just six o'clock, and the chime of bells on the great Cathedral
+played a silver-toned melody which was almost enchanting.
+
+"I should not object to hearing that every hour," said Pelham, when the
+tune was finished. "Do they play the same tune over again?"
+
+"I'm sure I don't know," replied Terrill.
+
+"They have a different tune for each hour of the day, and play the
+entire music of an opera," interposed Dr. Winstock. "They give a short
+strain at the quarter hour, and a longer one at the half hour."
+
+"That will be music all day long."
+
+"Yes, and all night long," added the surgeon, as he walked away with the
+captain.
+
+"I wish he were going to stay on board instead of that solemn old
+lunatic, the Greek and Latin humbug" said Terrill, who had a habit of
+speaking his mind very plainly.
+
+"Do you know how the row was settled between him and the captain?" asked
+Pelham.
+
+"I do not; but I am confident Mr. Lowington sustained the captain,"
+answered Terrill. "I was in hopes that we had got rid of him when he
+went on board of the ship yesterday, and I was mad when I saw him coming
+back to-day noon."
+
+"There is not a fellow in the Josephine that didn't have the same
+thought," added Pelham. "I don't see why a man need try to make himself
+as disagreeable as he does. All the students were willing to treat him
+with respect, and get their lessons well; but he is as crank as an
+alderman."
+
+"I wish we could get rid of him," suggested Terrill.
+
+"Of course we can't do that," replied Pelham, who was not disposed to
+get into any more scrapes.
+
+"We might make the Josephine uncomfortable for him," suggested Terrill.
+
+"We might; but I think we had better not," added the prudent Pelham,
+made wise by experience, as the bell for the cabin supper rang.
+
+Professor Hamblin looked unusually gloomy and morose, but he labored
+perseveringly to keep up his dignity. Paul sat at the head of the table,
+ordinarily with his officers on each side of him in the order of their
+rank; but on the present occasion, Dr. Winstock occupied the place at
+his right. At the opposite end of the board was Mr. Hamblin, with the
+fat professor on his right. Behind the captain's chair stood the head
+steward, while the second steward was stationed near the instructors.
+
+Mr. Hamblin occasionally cast a furtive glance at the young commander;
+but Paul seemed to be as composed as though nothing had happened to
+disturb the friendly relations between them. Though he did not observe
+it, Terrill persisted that the learned gentleman looked "ugly," and
+would make another row as soon as he could get a chance.
+
+"I can see through the mainsail when there is a hole in it," said the
+executive officer to Pelham, when they went on deck again. "If there
+wasn't mischief in Mr. Hamblin's eye, there never was mischief in any
+man's eye."
+
+"What do you mean?" asked Pelham.
+
+"You know the old lunatic threatened to have the captain suspended for
+leaving the class. He failed in that, and if he don't try it again, I'm
+mistaken in the man."
+
+"Of course he won't make any more complaints till he has something to
+complain of, and Paul won't give him a chance."
+
+"I don't suppose he will voluntarily; but his conduct will be distorted.
+I tell you the professor is ugly, and he hates the captain as badly as a
+Christian can."
+
+"He hasn't improved his popularity on board by what he has done."
+
+"Every fellow on the Josephine is down upon him. There'll be a row on
+board soon, in my opinion," added Terrill, as Dr. Winstock and Paul came
+on deck.
+
+A boat was lowered to send the surgeon on board the ship. Paul
+accompanied him; and on the way they went up to the gangway of the
+Victoria and Albert, and ascertained that visitors would be admitted to
+the ship on the following day, from ten till four.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VII.
+
+THE LECTURE ON BELGIUM.
+
+
+"All hands, attend lecture on board ship, ahoy!" shouted the boatswain
+of the Josephine, as the signal to this effect appeared on the Young
+America.
+
+Ordinarily this call was not an agreeable one; for the students had
+voted that it was "dull music" to listen to a stupid lecture on
+geography and history; but in the present instance it was not so. The
+information communicated in regard to England and Scotland was so
+familiar to them that it was robbed of its interest; but the
+school-books contained only very meagre allusions to Holland and
+Belgium. Many of them had read Mr. Motley's eloquent descriptions of the
+bravery and devotion to principle of the Dutch people in their civil
+wars and in their terrible conflict with the Spaniards, and they were
+desirous of knowing more about the country and its inhabitants.
+
+Holland is in itself an exceedingly interesting country. The students
+had seen something of its dikes and ditches, and were anxious to see
+more. The region seemed to be very much like a ship; for it was
+necessary to keep the water out as much as possible, and to pump out
+that which leaked in or rained in. The boys were to go on shore, and
+they desired to understand something of the history of the country, in
+order to appreciate the various objects which commemorated mighty events
+in the past. The citadel of Antwerp was in sight at a bend up the river,
+and they were curious to know its antecedents.
+
+On both vessels the libraries had been ransacked for information by the
+more enthusiastic of the pupils, and many interesting facts had been
+gleaned from the volumes; but those who knew the most about the country
+were the most anxious to know more. With only a few exceptions,
+therefore, the "call to lecture," on the present occasion, was a welcome
+one. The boats were lowered, and all hands in the Josephine, including
+the professors, went on board of the ship, leaving the vessel in charge
+of the adult forward officers.
+
+Mr. Mapps had already made his preparations in the steerage, and on the
+foremast hung a large Dutch map of the Netherlands. The students filed
+in and took their seats. The professor looked unusually pleasant and
+enthusiastic, probably because he felt that his wares were in demand.
+
+"Young gentlemen, before you is the map of the Netherlands," he began.
+"For our present purpose, the term must include both Holland and
+Belgium; for until 1830 the two were one country, the latter having had,
+for no long period, a separate political existence till that time.
+
+"The Dutch name of the country is _Nederlanden_; the French name,
+_Pays-Bas_; both of which have the same meaning--'low countries.' By
+this time you have realized the literal significance of the term; for
+nearly all the region consists of an immense low plain, intersected by
+rivers or arms of the sea. A reference to the physical geography of
+Europe shows you that the great northern plain, containing nine times
+the area of France, or about one half the area of Europe, extends from
+the Ural Mountains to the German Ocean.
+
+"Doubtless the whole region now included in the Netherlands was once a
+mere swamp, a wild and useless morass, unfit for the habitation of man.
+Three great rivers, you perceive on the map, have their course, in whole
+or in part, through Holland and Belgium--the Rhine, the Maas, or Meuse,
+and the Scheldt.
+
+"By a reference to your navigation charts, young gentlemen, you will
+often find banks and bars thrown up at the mouths of rivers. At the
+mouth of the Scheldt, several miles from the shore, there are Thornton's
+Ridge, The Rabs, Schouwen Bank, Steen Banks, and others of similar
+formation. At the mouth of the Mississippi, in our own country, you are
+aware that large vessels find great difficulty in getting over the bar.
+If we take a tumbler full of Mississippi water, after heavy rains in the
+north-west, and let it stand a few moments, a thick sediment settles at
+the bottom. This sediment forms the bar at the mouth of the river. The
+sand and mud are carried down by the current, and when the water has a
+chance to rest, it deposits its burden upon the bottom."
+
+"But why in that particular place?" asked an interested student.
+
+"Because the current of the river comes to a halt where it meets the
+inflowing tide of the gulf, or when it has spent its force. These bars
+are sometimes formed by currents resulting from the combined action of
+the sea and the flow of the river, or by winds. A heavy gale has been
+known to change the aspect of a coast, to shut up a harbor, or to open
+one where there had before been no inlet. Cape Cod presents some
+remarkable instances of these physical revolutions.
+
+"The great rivers of the Netherlands, in like manner, have brought down
+their sands and mud, and deposited them on what now forms the shore of
+the country. The forces of the ocean, against which the Dutchman of
+to-day has to contend for the preservation of his life and property,
+assisted in making this country a habitable region. Certain westerly and
+south-westerly winds drive the waters of the Atlantic into the German
+Ocean. The coast of the country, you see by the map, is exposed to the
+longest sweep of the wind from the north-west, and the most violent
+tempests to which Holland is exposed come from that direction. Now, what
+is the effect of these storms?"
+
+"They pile up the sand-bars," replied Captain Kendall.
+
+"Precisely so; the dunes and ridges of sand which border the country
+from the straits of Dover to the Texel are caused by these violent winds
+from the north-west. The effect of this piling up of the sands was
+eventually to limit, in a measure, the boundary of the sea. The dunes
+and ridges formed the foundation for the dikes which the industrious and
+persevering Dutchman has erected upon them, and by which he has made
+his country. For the want of time, I shall defer the physical features
+of Holland, and a more particular description of its dikes and ditches,
+to a future occasion. In what country are we now?"
+
+"In Belgium, sir," replied McLeish, who always answered when he could,
+though in general knowledge he was far behind his American classmates.
+
+"What is the French name?"
+
+"_La Belgique._"
+
+"The German?"
+
+"_Belgien._"
+
+"What is the French adjective?"
+
+"_Belge._"
+
+"There is a liberal newspaper published at Brussels, the capital of
+Belgium, which is often quoted as political authority in the United
+States, called the _Indépendance Belge_. What does the term mean?"
+
+"'The Belgian Independent,' or 'The Independent Belgian,'" laughed
+Pelham.
+
+"But the first word is a noun."
+
+"'The Belgian Freeman,' or something of that sort."
+
+"Doubtless it will bear that rendering, though it means literally
+'Belgian Independence.' Belgium is bounded on the north, and partly on
+the east, by Holland; mostly on the east by the Rhenish provinces of
+Prussia, forming a part of Germany; on the south-west by France; and on
+the north-west by the German Ocean. It has an area of eleven thousand
+three hundred and thirteen miles; that is, it is about the size of
+Maryland, or of Massachusetts and Connecticut united.
+
+"Its population in 1863 was about five millions, equal to the aggregate
+of New York and Massachusetts. In New England, in 1860, there were fifty
+persons to the square mile; in Massachusetts, which is the most densely
+peopled of the United States, one hundred and seventy; but Belgium has
+four hundred and forty souls to the square mile, and is the most
+thickly-settled country in the world.
+
+"Belgium contains nine provinces, the largest of which, in area, is
+Luxembourg, though it is one of the smallest in population. The largest
+in population is East Flanders."
+
+"Flanders!" exclaimed Terrill; "I was hoping you would say something
+about Flanders, for I had an idea it was Belgium."
+
+"It is a part of it. Flanders has belonged to France, Spain, Austria,
+and Holland, at times; but it was divided into two provinces by the King
+of Holland, and became a part of the United Kingdom of Belgium when it
+was established in 1830. It figures largely in history, and 'our army in
+Flanders' is a proverb.
+
+"The soil of Belgium is generally sandy and poor; but, by skill and
+industry, the people obtain large crops from it. In a country so densely
+peopled there could not be many large farms, and the majority of the
+farmers cultivate what would not be more than a garden in America; but
+the system of agriculture is not surpassed by that of any country in the
+world. Flax-raising is the principal occupation of the farmers; but
+grasses and roots receive particular attention. Horses, cattle, and
+sheep are raised in great numbers.
+
+"The manufactures of Belgium are very celebrated. The laces of Brussels
+and Mechlin (Malines) have the highest reputation. Linen goods, carpets,
+woollens, cottons, hosiery, are largely produced. The foreign and
+domestic commerce of Belgium, largely carried on through the port of
+Antwerp, is extensive.
+
+"Belgium is a flat country, as we have said. There are no mountains,
+though in the provinces of Liége and Brabant the American traveller will
+find a variety of scenery similar to that in the eastern part of
+Massachusetts and Connecticut. This portion of Belgium is a beautiful
+garden.
+
+"The government, according to the charter of 1831, is a constitutional,
+representative, and hereditary monarchy; that is, it has a constitution,
+a parliament, and the oldest son of the king is his successor. The
+king's person is declared to be sacred, and his ministers, instead of
+himself, are held responsible for the government acts. The legislative
+branch consists of a senate and a chamber of representatives; but the
+king must sign their acts before they can become laws.
+
+"The members of both houses of the legislature are chosen by the people,
+and are called deputies. Only citizens who pay a certain amount of
+direct taxes can vote. The deputies who live out of the town in which
+the session is held are paid sixty-two dollars a month. They are elected
+for four years, half every two years. The political privileges of the
+people are only less than those of our own country.
+
+"The present king is Leopold I.[A] He is seventy-four years old, and for
+the last fifty years has been a man of mark in Europe. He was for some
+time in the service of the Emperor of Russia, and went to England with
+the allied sovereigns, in 1814, where he became acquainted with, and
+afterwards married, the Princess Charlotte, daughter of George IV.; but
+she died within two years. In 1830 Leopold was elected King of Greece;
+but he finally refused the crown, because the conditions he made were
+not complied with. In 1831 he was elected King of the Belgians, and was
+crowned the same year. The next year he married Louise, the daughter of
+Louis Philippe, King of France. Leopold, Duke of Brabant, will succeed
+him. He has several other sons and daughters, among them Marie
+Charlotte, wife of Maximilian, Archduke of Austria, who has been elected
+Emperor of Mexico. Leopold is one of the richest men in Europe.
+
+[Footnote A: Leopold I. died Dec. 10, 1865, and was succeeded by his
+son, Leopold II.]
+
+"Nearly all the people of Belgium are Roman Catholics, there being but
+about thirteen thousand Protestants and two thousand Jews; but the
+largest religious liberty is allowed to all sects. A portion of the
+salary of ministers of all denominations is paid from the national
+treasury. While the Catholics receive seven hundred thousand dollars
+from the state, the Protestants obtain eleven thousand, and the Jews two
+thousand dollars. The salary paid by the state to the archbishop is four
+thousand two hundred dollars, and to a bishop about three thousand.
+
+"The history of Flanders is substantially the early history of Belgium.
+Many changes were made in the territorial limit of the country from time
+to time, in the hands of its different owners. The first mention of
+this country in history is in the time of Julius Cæsar, who conquered
+the Low Countries, and the Romans held them till the year 400, when they
+were joined to the empire of the Franks. They formed part of the vast
+realm of Charlemagne.
+
+"After the Romans had abandoned the territory, several independent
+nobles established themselves in the southern part of the Netherlands.
+Among them were the Counts of Flanders, who became very powerful and
+influential men. They are to be regarded as the founders of the Flemish
+provinces. Having no male heirs, their possessions went to the house of
+Burgundy. Philip, Duke of Burgundy, married Margaret, Countess of
+Flanders, and, upon the death of her father, she brought to him the
+country of Flanders and other valuable possessions.
+
+"During the succeeding hundred years, Namur, Brabant, Limbourg,
+Hainault, Holland, Zealand, Friesland, and Luxembourg, all of which now
+belong to Holland and Belgium, were added to the territories of the
+Dukes of Burgundy. At this period appears the powerful but rash and
+cruel Charles the Bold. His life was spent in open or secret strife with
+Louis XI., king of France, whose suzerain, or nominal vassal, he was.
+The king was instrumental in stirring up rebellion in several cities of
+the Low Countries, which the duke put down with his accustomed severity.
+
+"Charles, in revenge, having leagued with some discontented French
+princes, Louis secretly fomented an insurrection in Liége. When the blow
+was first struck, the crafty king was paying a visit to his cousin of
+Burgundy, as he called the duke, who, on hearing the news, retained his
+sovereign as a prisoner, threatening to kill him for his perfidy. The
+cunning prince tried to pacify his enraged host. He was but partially
+successful, and could only obtain his liberty by submitting to the most
+humiliating terms. The duke compelled his royal guest to march in person
+with him to the revolted city, and assist his vassal in putting down the
+rebellion he had himself instigated.
+
+"Charles the Bold was slain in battle, and his death ending his line of
+dukes, Louis seized upon several of the provinces. Mary, the daughter of
+Charles, was married to the Archduke of Austria, who claimed the
+Burgundian provinces in right of his wife. He obtained possession,
+however, of only Franche-comté and the Low Countries. The conflicting
+claims for these territories kept Austria and France at war for a long
+time.
+
+"The Archduke Maximilian, who married Mary of Burgundy, became Emperor
+of Germany on the death of his father. He had two children by her,
+Philip and Margaret, the former of whom married Joanna, daughter of
+Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain. They were the parents of Charles V.,
+Emperor of Germany and King of all Spain. During this period the Low
+Countries were governed by Maximilian, Philip, and Charles, deriving
+their right from Charles the Bold.
+
+"Charles V. was succeeded as King of Spain by Philip II., his son, who
+also inherited the Flemish provinces. Mr. Motley's incomparable History
+of the Rise of the Dutch Republic, commences at this point, with the
+abdication of Charles V., and the accession of Philip II. I hope all who
+have not read this work will do so, as many of you can, here in the
+midst of the scenes described in its glowing pages.
+
+"Philip was a bigot and a tyrant, and his despotism, which included the
+establishment of the Inquisition, drove the people to madness, and
+provoked them to rebellion. During the reign of Charles V. the
+Reformation had made considerable progress in Germany, and its
+principles were firmly planted in the Low Countries. Philip imposed upon
+himself the duty of rooting out the obnoxious doctrines, and of
+restoring the supremacy of the Catholic church.
+
+"After his accession to the Netherlands, the king remained four years in
+the country, and then departed for Spain, from which he did not again
+return. He made his sister regent, and she was to be assisted by
+Granvelle, Bishop of Arras. William, Prince of Orange, and the Counts
+Egmont and Horn, were associated with the bishop as councillors, but
+they had no real power or influence.
+
+"The despotic conduct of Granvelle, and the attempt on his part to
+introduce the Inquisition, by order of his royal master, excited the
+most desperate opposition. The people organized under the lead of the
+Prince of Orange, and Egmont and Horn, and an insurrection broke out in
+Flanders, in 1566. These Protestant rebels have been styled iconoclasts,
+or image-breakers, for they broke into the churches, overturned the
+images, defaced the valuable paintings, and otherwise injured the church
+property.
+
+"The famous Cathedral of Notre Dame, which you can see from the deck of
+the ship, was ravaged by the mob. The statues of Christ, the Virgin, and
+the Saints were hurled from their pedestals; the rich paintings, the
+choicest works of Flemish art, were cut to pieces; the organs were torn
+down, the altars overturned, and the gold and silver vessels used in the
+mass were carried off. For three days these tumultuous proceedings
+continued, and were suppressed only when the fury of the mob had ceased,
+by the Knights of the Golden Fleece, of which the Prince of Orange was a
+member. The career of this remarkable man is closely identified with the
+history of the Netherlands during this period. He was opposed to the
+violence of the mob, not only from prudential motives, but because his
+own religious views were not yet in sympathy with the Protestant
+reformers, though he afterwards fully embraced their doctrines.
+
+"The patriots of the Low Countries were, in the beginning of these
+troubles, both Catholic and Protestant; but the sacrilegious conduct of
+the mob detached the former from the cause, and as the Catholics were
+more numerous in the southern than in the northern provinces, they
+finally turned the scale in favor of Philip II. in their own section,
+while the people of Holland established their independence.
+
+"Philip then sent the savage and relentless Duke of Alva to suppress the
+new religion in the Netherlands. Egmont and Horn were beheaded at
+Brussels, and the Prince of Orange retired into Germany, appealing to
+the Protestant princes for assistance. With an army he had raised in
+Germany, and with money obtained there and of Queen Elizabeth of
+England, he marched into the Netherlands, and called his people to arms.
+A long and terrible war ensued, in which the Dutch suffered up to the
+limit of human endurance, and displayed a heroism which is without
+parallel in the history of the nations.
+
+"The Prince of Orange was created Stadtholder; almost unlimited powers
+were conferred upon him, and for years he struggled against the most
+stupendous obstacles. The Dutch, being a maritime people, established a
+navy, which inflicted many heavy blows upon the Spanish power. The
+severity of Alva so goaded the Netherlanders that the whole country was
+in arms against him. He failed to reduce them to subjection, and was
+recalled. His next two eminent successors died of fever, and the Duke of
+Parma was then sent as regent of Philip. In 1579 the northern provinces
+declared their independence, and established the Dutch Republic, or the
+Seven United Provinces, of which the Prince of Orange was stadtholder.
+
+"Philip was so incensed at the success of the Prince of Orange that he
+offered a large reward to any one who would take his life, and a
+fanatical Burgundian shot him at Delft, in 1584. With this event Mr.
+Motley closes his History of the Rise of the Dutch Republic.
+
+"Belgium adhered to Spain, or, rather, the Duke of Parma succeeded in
+reducing it to subjection after the murder of the stadtholder. In 1598
+Philip gave the Flemish provinces to his daughter Isabella. But on her
+death without children, the country again reverted to Spain. After more
+than a century of strife, including the Thirty Years' War, the repeated
+quarrels between England and Spain, and France and Spain, and the War of
+the Spanish Succession, during which period the Low Countries were
+often the battle-ground, Belgium passed into the hands of the Austrians.
+
+"In settling up the disastrous strife of the century, the treaty-making
+powers had given several of the Belgian fortresses to Holland, in order
+to check the ambition of France, and the Dutch closed the Scheldt. After
+an interval of peace under Maria Theresa of Austria, her son, Joseph
+II., attempted to break through portions of the treaties, and obliged
+the troops of Holland to evacuate his territory, but he could not open
+the river. He was rash in his proceedings, and a rebellion was organized
+against him.
+
+"About this time commenced the French Revolution, whose influence
+extended to the Low Countries, and in 1789 the Austrian garrison at
+Brussels was forced to surrender. But the people were not united, and
+their dissensions enabled the Austrians to regain their power. The
+French Directory sent an army to assist the Belgians, the Austrians were
+driven from the country, and Belgium was incorporated with France.
+
+"Napoleon, while he controlled the destinies of France, devoted much
+attention to the Flemish provinces, and especially to the city of
+Antwerp. When you go on shore you will see immense docks and
+fortifications built by him. He intended to make it a great naval
+station, and it would have been of vast importance to him in carrying
+out his plans for the invasion of England. The works on the opposite
+side of the river, called 'Tête de Flandre,' were the beginning of an
+immense military town. During this period England was almost continually
+at war with France, and several expeditions were sent against Holland
+and Belgium.
+
+"When Napoleon abdicated, the Flemish Provinces were restored to
+Austria; but when the allies who had overthrown Napoleon finally
+disposed of their conquests, Holland and Belgium were united, and given
+to the Stadtholder, who had adhered to the allies. He was styled William
+I., King of the Netherlands.
+
+"The two sections could not agree; the Dutch regarded Belgium as a
+conquered province, and were not at all conciliatory in their treatment
+of the new acquisition. The Belgians were essentially French in their
+habits, and disliked the Dutch. In 1830 they revolted against their
+masters, the insurrection extended to the principal cities, and the king
+called upon the great powers who had given him the country. A congress
+assembled in London at his request, which, however, decreed the
+independence of Belgium.
+
+"The people first elected a son of Louis Philippe king; but he declined,
+and Leopold was then chosen. King William, of Holland, protested, and in
+spite of the treaty, held the city of Antwerp. A French army was sent to
+the assistance of Leopold; Antwerp capitulated, but it was not till 1839
+that Holland made a treaty with Belgium, acknowledging her independence.
+Leopold strengthened his position by marrying a daughter of the King of
+France; and his son and heir, the Duke of Brabant, was married to Marie,
+Archduchess of Austria.
+
+"In 1848, when Louis Philippe was overthrown in France, some disturbance
+occurred, and Leopold offered to abdicate; but his proposition was not
+accepted, and he wisely and skilfully led his government through all the
+troubles of that excitable period. He is a wise and prudent statesman,
+and as such has had a great deal of influence in Europe.
+
+"Now, young gentlemen, I trust you will not be satisfied with this
+meagre sketch of the interesting country we are now visiting, but will
+read up the subject so that you will understand it better."
+
+Mr. Mapps left his position, and the studies of the morning were
+commenced. After dinner the usual shore liberty was given, the
+allowances paid in French francs, a supply of which had been procured in
+London, and the students were landed. Instead of going on shore
+immediately, Dr. Winstock and Paul paid a visit to the Victoria and
+Albert.
+
+At the gangway they found the steward of the ship, who volunteered to
+conduct them through the vessel. There was nothing strikingly peculiar
+in the exterior of the yacht, except that she had large, square windows,
+composed of a single pane of glass, in her upper saloons and cabins; but
+the steward informed the visitors that these were replaced in heavy
+weather by wooden shutters, having only the small, round ports in them.
+
+Between the paddle-boxes was a large open space, covered over by the
+hurricane deck. On each side, abaft the wheels, was a small apartment,
+or pavilion, with large glass windows, elegantly cushioned and
+furnished, where the royal passengers could sit in rough weather, and
+look out upon the sea. On the hurricane deck was a spacious
+dining-saloon.
+
+From the open space between the wheels, the steward conducted Dr.
+Winstock and Paul to a passage-way, at the after end of which was a
+saloon called the breakfast-room. Its length corresponded with the width
+of the vessel, and one side was round, being formed at the stern of the
+vessel, in which were several of the large square windows, so that the
+apartment was very light and pleasant.
+
+On each side of the passage-way were several apartments, arranged in
+suits. Returning to the open space amidships, the party entered the
+forward room on the starboard side.
+
+"This is the room of the first lady in waiting," said the steward, as
+they went in.
+
+"I should say the first lady in waiting was well accommodated," said
+Paul, laughing, as he glanced at the spacious apartment.
+
+"But she may be a countess," replied the steward, leading the way to the
+next room. "This is the queen's bed-chamber."
+
+There was a large bed in this room, which looked just like anybody's
+bed; but it was by no means so elegant as the young republican had
+anticipated. The apartment was rich and costly in its furnishings, but
+there was none of the magnificence which one would have expected to find
+in the room of a queen.
+
+"This is the dressing-room of Prince Albert," added the steward,
+entering the next room. "Her majesty allows no one to occupy it since
+the death of his highness."
+
+Beyond this, on the same side, were shown several rooms appropriated to
+the use of the princesses. They corresponded in style with those of the
+queen; but in nothing connected with the yacht was there any gaudy
+display. The party went to the opposite side, and were shown several
+rooms like those they had just seen, which were occupied by the princes.
+The forward room on the port side was the drawing-room. It was larger
+than any other except the breakfast-room, but did not appear to be
+extravagantly furnished; everything seemed to be provided for comfort
+rather than show.
+
+The conductor then led them forward, where, on each side of a passage,
+were four rooms, each provided with a handsome, narrow bedstead, which
+the steward said were for the use of the lords and ladies in waiting.
+Forward of these, in the bow of the vessel, was the kitchen, a
+three-cornered room like that on the Young America, with a large galley
+or cooking-range in the middle.
+
+Below the royal apartments, in the after part of the ship, were the
+cabins for the servants. As the steward led his guests towards the
+gangway, Dr. Winstock took out his purse.
+
+"Never mind that just now," interposed their conductor, "especially as
+there is the captain."
+
+Paul wondered if the doctor intended to insult a person of so much
+consequence as the steward of the queen's yacht must be, by offering him
+money. He glanced at the captain, who was a fine-looking man, in naval
+uniform, as the steward led the way to the accommodation steps. The
+doctor slyly slipped a couple of English shillings into the man's hand,
+and they went down into their boat.
+
+"What did you give him, sir?" asked Paul.
+
+"Two shillings."
+
+"Well, it seems to me the steward of any American passenger steamer
+would be angry if you gave him two shillings for his services."
+
+"If I had not met these men before, I should not have dared to do it;
+but it is expected," replied the doctor.
+
+The boat pulled up to the Quai Vandyck, and Paul for the first time put
+his foot upon the continent of Europe.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VIII.
+
+ANTWERP AND RUBENS.
+
+
+"Where shall we go first, Paul?" asked Dr. Winstock, when they landed
+upon the quay.
+
+"I don't know, sir; I think I shall be interested wherever we go. This
+is a big city--isn't it?"
+
+"Its population is hardly more than half of what it was in the days of
+its greatest prosperity. In the days of Charles V. it is said that
+twenty-five hundred vessels were frequently seen at one time in the
+river. It had two hundred thousand inhabitants, and was then the richest
+and most thriving commercial city in Europe. You perceive that this long
+line of quays affords plenty of wharf room. Indeed the name of the city
+is said to be derived from a Flemish phrase, '_aen't werf_,' which means
+on the wharf, or on the quay."
+
+"Mr. Motley tells another story about its name. He says the people claim
+that the city is very old, and that a giant by the name of Antigonus,
+established himself on the river at this place, and set up a kind of
+custom-house. He required half the merchandise of those who went up the
+river. He used to cut off the right hands of those who attempted to
+smuggle, and throw them into the river. In this way _Hand werpen_, or
+hand throwing, came to be the name of the place," said the young
+commander.
+
+"I suppose that story is as true now as it ever was. But where shall we
+go?" asked the doctor.
+
+"I want to get a little nearer to that Cathedral," replied Paul.
+
+"That is really the most noted thing in Antwerp, and we will walk up
+there; and I think we shall be able to see the pictures on the church,
+which are required to produce an income. The Cathedral used to be open
+till one o'clock, free to the public, but the curtains were carefully
+drawn over these great works of art; after this hour visitors were
+admitted upon the payment of one franc, and the pictures were exhibited.
+Doubtless the same regulation is in force now."
+
+A walk of a few moments brought them to the Place Verte, a little park
+enclosed, with a colossal statue of Rubens in the centre.
+
+"Everything in Antwerp is Rubens," said the doctor. "The people believe
+in him still, and almost worship his memory."
+
+"Why should they? He was only a great painter--was he?" added Paul.
+
+"He was more than that: he was quite distinguished as a statesman and a
+diplomatist. He was ambassador to England, Holland, and other countries.
+His celebrity as an artist, and his influence with the crowned heads of
+several nations, caused him to be regarded with deep interest by the
+people. He lived in a splendid mansion, for the immense income which he
+derived from his pencil enabled him to support an elegant
+establishment. He had a great number of pupils, and at one period in his
+career they painted no inconsiderable part of his pictures. He had
+orders from all the crowned heads of Europe, and in many of his works he
+could only make the designs and give the finishing touches to them. He
+was very industrious, and painted rapidly, as he must have done to
+produce so many pictures."
+
+"He humbugged his customers then--didn't he?"
+
+"His assistants did only the heavy work, while Rubens furnished the
+design, and gave the work its finishing touches. The celebrated
+sculptors do not perform all the drudgery of chiselling out a statue.
+Wherever you go in Antwerp, you will hear of Rubens. You will find his
+works in all the galleries, you will visit his house in the Rue Rubens,
+his pictures will be shown to you in every church, and you will see his
+tomb in St. Jacques."
+
+"They have Rubens on the brain, as we should say at home," laughed Paul.
+
+"Yes, and they have it badly. From this point you have a good view of
+the Cathedral," added the doctor, as they paused near the statue of
+Rubens, where they could see the building over the tops of the trees.
+
+"The steeple is very handsome. It is of the most beautiful and delicate
+workmanship you will see."
+
+"I should think it would blow down."
+
+"It is banded together with a framework of iron, and the stones are held
+together with copper bolts."
+
+"How high is it?" asked Paul, as he gazed up at the lofty spire.
+
+"There you have me, Paul! I don't know. In Murray's Guide-Book it is
+set down at four hundred and three feet. The man up in the tower there
+says it is four hundred and sixty-six. Other authorities put it at less
+than four hundred. My guide assured me it was one hundred and
+forty-seven French metres in height; but this, reduced to English
+measure, would give four hundred and eighty-three feet. My own idea is,
+that Murray is right," replied Dr. Winstock, as they walked over to the
+church.
+
+"What's this?" asked Paul, pointing to a beautiful iron canopy in Gothic
+style, near the foot of the church tower.
+
+"That's a draw-well. It is the handiwork of Quentin Matsys."
+
+"I don't know him."
+
+"He was a blacksmith until he was twenty years old, when he fell in love
+with the fair daughter of a painter. The story goes that the father
+would not permit his daughter to marry any man that was not an artist,
+and the blacksmith abandoned his anvil for the easel. He had a genius
+for art, and soon painted better than his masters. He won his bride, and
+achieved a great reputation in his new art. The picture of The Misers,
+which you saw at Windsor Castle, was executed by him."
+
+They bought a couple of tickets and were admitted to the church. The
+interior was grand and imposing; but the chief attraction was the
+pictures, which were now unveiled, and a small audience was present
+examining them. Several artists were making copies of them. In the south
+transept hangs Reubens's masterpiece, The Descent from the Cross.
+
+Paul did not pretend to be a connoisseur in paintings, and could neither
+understand nor appreciate the fine writing he read about them in books,
+or the "hifalutin" which affected men bestowed upon them; but in the
+presence of the grand old painting, he was awed and silenced. It
+produced a deep impression upon his mind and heart, and for the first
+time in his life he realized the sublime in art. The figure of The Dead
+Christ seemed to be real, so painfully natural were the hanging head of
+the Savior, and the relaxed muscles of the body. The young student gazed
+long and earnestly at the picture, studying it as a whole and in detail.
+
+It is said that Rubens paid this picture as the price of the land on
+which he erected his house in Antwerp. In the north transept of the
+Cathedral hangs its companion piece, The Elevation of the Cross; but its
+reputation is far inferior to his masterpiece, grand as it is.
+
+Paul walked about the church, and examined other pictures and works of
+art; and then, after paying the keeper of the tower a franc, they
+commenced the long ascent to the spire and chimes.
+
+"These churches and these pictures are certainly very fine," said Paul,
+as they stopped at a window to rest. "We don't have them in our country.
+There isn't a church there that will compare with any of these
+cathedrals, to say nothing of the celebrated pictures, such as we have
+just seen."
+
+"That's very true; and I am thankful that our people make a better use
+of their money. Here in Belgium, as in most countries of Europe, poverty
+is the curse of the people. They do not receive the reward of their
+labor. The government and the church take the lion's share of their
+earnings, and thus keep them down. This Cathedral was commenced in 1352,
+and finished in 1411, though another spire was to have been built.
+Nearly sixty years were employed in its erection, and probably it cost
+millions of dollars. Of course the people had to pay for it. The greater
+portion of the expense of it lies dormant here, it being merely an
+ornamental structure. It gratifies people's tastes, it is true; but God
+could be acceptably worshipped in a less costly edifice. If the capital
+locked up in this church had been invested in schools, colleges, and
+other educational institutions, it would be a blessing to the country.
+What is paid in Europe to build these grand structures for worship, and
+to support the trappings of royalty, is in our own country appropriated
+to public schools; and the nation reaps the benefit of them every year
+of its existence."
+
+"That's so," replied Paul, emphatically; "and when any foreigner says
+anything to me again about our want of costly cathedrals, I shall call
+his attention to our schools."
+
+"That's right; you are an American to the core," laughed the doctor.
+
+"But I don't see any reason why we should not have as great painters in
+the United States as in Europe," added Paul.
+
+"I do see the reason. Probably we have just as much talent for art in
+our nation, but the people find that it doesn't pay so well as
+developing the resources of a new country. When it is possible in
+America for a man to win the wealth and distinction which Rubens won,
+we shall be as successful in art as Europe has been; for Washington
+Allston, Benjamin West, and others have demonstrated the capacity of our
+people in this direction. The encouragement which artists receive makes
+the men. There are not many persons in our country who are willing to
+pay ten, fifty, or a hundred thousand dollars for a picture. So much
+money in a painting is dead capital among an energetic people who need
+all they can get to carry on agricultural, commercial, and manufacturing
+enterprises."
+
+"Of course people will follow that calling which pays best, either in
+money or in reputation."
+
+"Certainly, and the number of Dutch and Flemish artists assures us that
+painting has been a cherished art in the Low Countries. Vandyck was
+another celebrated painter of this country. He was born in Antwerp, and
+was a pupil of Rubens. There is a story that The Descent from the Cross
+was thrown down by the carelessness of a student, and badly injured by
+the fall. Vandyck, who was then a pupil of the great Flemish master,
+undertook to repair the mischief with his brush, and did it so well that
+Rubens declared the work was superior to his own. This story is current
+in the guide-books, and in the mouths of the _commissionaires_, who
+point out the places on the face of the Virgin and on the arm of one of
+the Marys where the pupil touched it up. But there is no truth in it,
+since the picture was hung up in the Cathedral before Vandyck entered
+the studio of Rubens."
+
+"I suppose these people like to tell good stories, whether true or not."
+
+"Yes; and you will find a man up in this steeple who believes that his
+spire is the tallest in the world," added Dr. Winstock.
+
+They continued on their long ascent till they reached the region of the
+bells, where they found the attendant who glories in magnifying the
+wonders of the chimes and the spire. He had a small furnished apartment,
+which the visitors were invited to enter, and where he dispensed
+refreshments, of which no total abstinence man could partake. The
+doctor, knowing what the man had to say, skilfully turned his attention
+away from his favorite topic, until they were sufficiently
+refreshed--not by the _eau de vie_ and _noyau_, but by the rest--to
+explore the bell towers.
+
+The bells composing the chime were fixed in the lofts, which were filled
+with wires, cranks, and other machinery, used in operating them. In one
+place there was a bank of keys like those of an organ, where a person
+could play any tune he pleased upon the bells. The keeper had a history
+to relate of each bell, many of which were contributed by kings,
+princes, and lords, and bore their names. In another tower there was an
+immense bell, at the baptism of which--for church bells are duly
+consecrated in Catholic countries--the Emperor Charles V. stood as
+godfather. It requires sixteen men to ring it; but its peals rouse the
+Antwerpers only on great occasions, such as a visit of the king.
+
+Dr. Winstock and Paul waited among the chimes till they had played the
+hourly tune, and then continued their progress to the heights above.
+The custodian of the steeple said there were six hundred and sixteen
+steps from the bottom to the top, and a person does not care to make the
+journey more than once in his lifetime. The winding stairs passed close
+to the Gothic openings of the tower, and they had an opportunity closely
+to observe the delicate workmanship of the structure, which Charles V.
+said should be kept in a glass case, and Napoleon compared to Mechlin
+lace.
+
+At last, out of breath, they reached the highest point of the spire, and
+looked far down upon the lofty roof of the church. The buildings of the
+city looked like card houses, and a company of Belgian soldiers,
+marching in the streets, appeared like the pygmies who inhabited them.
+In the distance could be seen the towers of Ghent, Brussels, Mechlin,
+and Flushing, the wandering Scheldt, and the low country for a vast
+distance. The magnificent view, and the information it afforded, amply
+repaid them for the toil of ascending, and Paul made the Cathedral the
+subject of an entire letter to Miss Grace Arbuckle.
+
+It was easier to go down than to come up, and when they had passed out
+into the Place Verte, the doctor declared that he must lunch before he
+walked any farther. The Hotel de l'Europe faced the Park, and Paul was
+desirous of seeing the interior of it. They entered through an archway,
+there being no doors on the street. There was a spacious area, or
+court-yard, through which alone the house could be reached. In other
+respects the establishment was similar to those in the United States.
+
+On the continent, as in England, none but working people take breakfast
+much before nine o'clock, and the hour varies from this time till noon.
+Of late years the practice in American hotels corresponds with that of
+European ones. In the dining-room of the Hotel de l'Europe there are
+many small tables, and one or two long ones, the latter being used at
+table d'hôte, which is served at five o'clock. A hotel bill is added, to
+give the reader an idea of the prices:--
+
+   "HOTEL DE L'EUROPE.
+
+   _Place Verte._
+
+   ANVERS.
+
+   Note à M. Smith,
+   Chambre No. 40, A.
+
+
+                                       Fr. Cen.
+
+   Août 4.   1/2 Poulet et Salade,       3.00
+             1 Thé Complet,              1.50
+             Appartement,                2.50
+             Bougie,                      .50
+             Service,                    1.00
+
+        5.   1 Déjeûné et Bifstek,       3.00
+             1 Bifstek, Pomme de Terre,  1.50
+                                        -----
+                                        13.00
+
+              Pour Acquit,
+                                 J. W. BARBER."
+
+"One Thé Complet" consists of simply tea and bread and butter, and as a
+franc is about twenty cents, its price is thirty cents. A centime is the
+hundredth of a franc, and fifty centimes is ten cents. If the guest adds
+a beefsteak and potatoes, or any other dish, to his meal, it just
+doubles the cost. The "bougie" is a candle, which is charged all over
+Europe, at from a quarter of a franc up to a franc. The traveller also
+pays for his soap, or provides it himself. When an "old stager" pays a
+franc for a candle, or a piece of soap, he rolls the part unused up in a
+paper and puts it into his trunk; and, if at his next stopping-place, he
+finds a candle in his room, he orders the waiter to remove it, and will
+not submit to be charged for it.
+
+Table d'hôte is a more formal meal, and in some large hotels much parade
+is made over it. The bill of fare is usually very meagre compared with
+that of the Fifth Avenue Hotel in New York, and every dish in the
+programme is presented to the guest. The charge for this meal, at
+first-class houses outside of Paris, is usually four francs, or eighty
+cents.
+
+Dr. Winstock and Paul took a seat in the _Salle à manger_. The student
+was principally anxious to know what they had to eat, and in what manner
+they served it, for he was of an inquiring mind, and fond of making
+comparisons. The most common lunch consists of cold chicken and salad,
+the latter being simply lettuce prepared with oil and vinegar. Paul was
+disappointed, for the lunch differed hardly a shade from the same thing
+at home. Even the gentlemanly Belgian waiter, dressed in seemly black,
+spoke good English, and the "demi-poulet" was wasted upon him.
+
+"Where shall we go now, Paul?" asked the doctor, as they left the
+dining-room.
+
+"I leave that to you, sir. You seem to be quite at home here," replied
+Paul.
+
+"We will take a carriage, and we can do up the city in a few hours."
+
+A one-horse barouche was called, and a _commissionaire_--a kind of guide
+or interpreter, who assists strangers in doing their business, or in
+seeing the sights of the city--presented himself to be employed; but Dr.
+Winstock, who was familiar with the place, declined his services.
+
+"What was that man?" asked Paul, as the carriage drove off to the Rue
+des Soeurs Noires, where the Dominican Church of St. Paul is located.
+
+"He is a _commissionaire_, interpreter, or _valet de place_. Many
+travellers regard such men as swindlers; but for my own part I have
+found them very useful. When I first visited Antwerp I employed one. I
+found him intelligent and gentlemanly, and, so far as I could judge, not
+disposed to swindle me himself or to let others do so. I paid him five
+francs a day, and I am sure he saved me more money than I paid him,
+besides taking me in the easiest and most convenient way to the various
+points in the city."
+
+"I should think such men would be very necessary, especially to those
+who cannot speak the language."
+
+"In Amsterdam and Rotterdam I should have been on my beam-ends without
+them. I never could imagine where they obtained their bad name, unless
+it was from Englishmen, who are generally afraid of being cheated, and
+take the alarm before there is any real danger."
+
+The driver stopped before the Church of St. Paul, and the passengers
+alighted. There was nothing worthy of note in the church; but outside of
+it, in a kind of garden, one of the most singular and remarkable
+exhibitions is open to the visitor. It is called "Calvary," and is a
+representation of the "several stages," as they are termed, in the life
+of Christ. An artificial mound is raised on the side next to the church
+edifice, which is covered with a kind of rock-work, in imitation of
+Mount Calvary. In various parts of the area are placed the statues of
+saints, angels, patriarchs, and prophets.
+
+On the summit of the mound is represented the crucifixion, with a figure
+of the Savior on the cross. At the foot of it is the sepulchre, which is
+claimed to be a perfect copy of the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem, though
+travellers who have seen it say it bears no resemblance whatever to the
+original. In the tomb, on a kind of shelf, rests the crucified Christ,
+represented by a figure clothed in silk and muslin!
+
+Near the tomb an ideal of Purgatory is exhibited, consisting of wood
+carvings. The making-up of the scene appears to be a kind of cage, like
+those one sees in a menagerie, with bars in front of it to prevent the
+escape of the unhappy mortals temporarily confined there. Within the den
+are carved and painted several figures of men, in the midst of darting,
+leaping flames, upon whose faces there is an expression of intense
+anguish. Doubtless the intention of those who conceived this astounding
+exhibition was to impress upon the mind of the spectator the sufferings
+of the unrepentant wicked. It is hardly possible that this effect could
+ever have been produced upon the minds of sensible men. The spectacle is
+not only in exceedingly bad taste, but it is positively repulsive, not
+to say sacrilegious.
+
+Such was the opinion of Paul Kendall, who could hardly conceal his
+disgust; and ten minutes in the place exhausted his patience. He was
+silent, so deep was his feeling of dissatisfaction, until he was again
+seated in the _voiture_. The next objects of interest were the docks and
+basins, which were reached after a short drive from St. Paul's. They
+merely passed along the quay, making no stop, as the works could be seen
+from the carriage.
+
+"That is the house of the Hanseatic League," said the doctor, pointing
+to a large ancient building.
+
+"What is the Hanseatic League?" asked Paul, who had never even heard of
+it.
+
+"It was a commercial alliance between some of the cities of Germany for
+the protection and development of their trade. It had its origin in the
+thirteenth century, for the purpose of preventing piracy and shipwreck,
+and to encourage commerce, and, indeed, all branches of industry. It
+established great warehouses or factories in different parts of Europe,
+and became an exceedingly powerful association, so much so that it
+dictated the policy of sovereigns on their thrones, and even declared
+and carried on war with several of the powers of Europe. In the
+fourteenth century, the League defeated the King of Norway and Sweden.
+It unseated the King of Sweden, and gave his crown to another, and
+having declared war against Denmark, sent a fleet of two hundred and
+fifty ships, and thousands of troops to carry it on. In fact, the
+association prepared for war with England, and Edward IV. made important
+concessions to avoid it. Of course the crowned heads were jealous of
+its power and influence, and it was eventually broken up; but it laid
+the foundation of the commercial policy of the nations. The League died
+out in 1630; but Hamburg, Lubec, and Bremen formed a new one, under the
+name of the Hanse Towns; and Frankfort-on-the-Main afterwards joined
+them."
+
+"I have heard of the Hanse Towns," added Paul; "but I never knew what
+the term meant before."
+
+"The docks and basins here are mainly the work of Napoleon. The great
+conqueror intended to make Antwerp the first seaport of the north. The
+mouth of the Thames is less than a hundred miles from the mouth of the
+Scheldt, and he knew that, with a naval station equal to any in the
+possession of England, he could, in time of war, cripple or destroy the
+commerce of his great rival. He expended ten millions of dollars on
+these docks, basins, and fortifications. The English were alarmed, and
+in 1809 sent the Walcheren expedition, which obtained a foothold on that
+island, but were defeated by disease and death, for seven thousand
+British soldiers perished by marsh fever. By the peace of Paris in 1814,
+after the battle of Waterloo, it was stipulated that the dock-yards
+should be destroyed, for they were a standing threat to the maritime
+powers; but these basins were preserved for commercial purposes. The
+largest one will accommodate thirty-four ships of the line."
+
+The travellers continued on their way through some of the principal
+streets till they arrived at the Church of St. Jacques, which is richer
+in its ornaments than the Cathedral, containing exquisitely wrought
+marbles, carved wood, painted glass. This magnificent church contains
+the burial vaults of the noble families of the city, and among them that
+of Rubens, which is marked by a white marble tablet with a long
+inscription upon it, embedded in the pavement of his private chapel. The
+Holy Family, which forms the altar-piece of the church, was painted by
+the great master. In 1793, when the mob, incited by the furious spirit
+of the French Revolution, broke into the church, pillaging altars and
+tombs alike, that of Rubens was spared from desecration by the universal
+respect for his memory, though not another tomb in St. Jacques escaped
+their impious touch.
+
+The house of Rubens, situated in a street of the same name, was visited;
+an outside view of the Bourse, or Exchange, the Hotel de Ville, or Town
+Hall, and of other public buildings, was obtained. The Citadel, built
+under the direction of the cruel Duke of Alva, to overawe the rebellious
+Antwerpers, was an object of interest. After the expulsion of the
+Spaniards in 1577, the people, including those of high and low degree,
+men, women, and children, assisted in its demolition; but it was
+speedily rebuilt, and has played an important part in subsequent sieges
+and insurrections. The city is surrounded by a continuous line of
+fortifications and ditches, extending from a point on the river below
+the city to a point above it; and outside of this line there are a
+number of detached forts to keep a hostile force from approaching near
+enough to the city to shell it.
+
+When the carriage reached the Quai Vandyck, most of the students had
+returned, and the boats were in waiting. They chattered like magpies
+about the wonders they had seen. When Captain Kendall went on board, the
+mail-bag was handed to him, and the boys were eager to obtain their
+letters from home and elsewhere.
+
+"A letter for you, Mr. Hamblin," said the captain, as he handed the
+professor a formidable envelope, postmarked "Anvers."
+
+The learned gentleman seemed to be astonished, and bore the missive to
+his state-room.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IX.
+
+TROUBLE ON BOARD THE JOSEPHINE.
+
+
+Almost every one on board of the Josephine had a letter, and some had
+two or three. Paul had one from Grace, dated at Paris, in which she
+expressed a hope that, as she was to travel a few months with her
+father, she might see him in some of her wanderings. The young captain
+hoped so too, and he read the letter a second time. Probably he read it
+a third time after he went to his state-room, and a fourth before he
+retired; for boys of his age are apt to be enthusiastic in this
+direction.
+
+Professor Stoute sat in the cabin. He had been all over Antwerp, and had
+walked a larger part of the distance than a man of his obesity could
+well endure in a warm day. Though he was very tired, he was very
+good-natured; indeed, thus far, nothing had ever occurred to disturb his
+equanimity. He was exceedingly popular with the boys, and if he had
+fallen overboard, every one of them would have jumped in after him. No
+one ever thought of disobeying him, and consequently he never had any
+trouble.
+
+While he sat there fanning himself with a newspaper, Mr. Hamblin came
+out of his state-room with the huge envelope he had received in his
+hand. The learned gentleman looked perplexed; in fact, he always wore
+an anxious expression, as though he were in constant fear that somebody
+would infringe upon his dignity, or that some of the boys did not
+believe he was the wisest man since the days of Solomon. He always
+walked just so; he always sat just so; he always moved just so. He never
+was guilty of using a doubtful expression. He was stern, rigid, and
+precise, and from the beginning all the boys had disliked him; but since
+he had behaved so unreasonably in the squall, they could hardly endure
+him.
+
+The lean professor walked up to the fat professor, and took a stand
+before him. He had removed the letter from the formidable envelope, and
+held it unfolded in his hand. He looked at the letter, and then at Mr.
+Stoute. The fat professor laughed, but the lean professor frowned. The
+jolly one knew just what the precise one wanted, but he waited patiently
+for the exordium.
+
+"Mr. Stoute, may I trouble you?" he began, after he had put himself in
+proper position.
+
+"Certainly, sir," replied the fat gentleman.
+
+"If this letter had been written in Greek or Latin, I could have read
+it," continued Mr. Hamblin, glancing at the sheet.
+
+"Precisely so; if it had been written in Greek or Latin I could not read
+it," laughed Mr. Stoute.
+
+"My French, as I have had occasion to acknowledge to you with deep
+humiliation, has been neglected for more important studies. This letter
+appears to have been written by some distinguished person, but
+unfortunately he has chosen to indite it in French."
+
+"In a word, you wish me to read it to you."
+
+"That is what I was about to request of you. May I ask you to retire
+with me to our state-room?" continued Professor Hamblin, glancing at the
+officers who were reading their letters in the cabin.
+
+"Excuse me, Mr. Hamblin; you forget that I carry round with me two
+hundred and odd pounds of flesh, besides bone and muscle, and that I
+have been on my feet three hours. I think, sir, if I knew this vessel
+was going to the bottom of the Scheldt this instant, I should go down
+with her rather than move. Have me excused, I pray you, and have
+compassion on mine infirmities," laughed Mr. Stoute.
+
+Mr. Hamblin was vexed, but he gave the letter to his associate, who
+turned the sheet and glanced at the signature.
+
+"Ah!" exclaimed he, looking at Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"What is it? Do me the favor to read it," replied the learned gentleman,
+impatiently.
+
+"It is from Monsieur Charles Rogier, the president of the council, and
+minister of foreign affairs," added Professor Stoute. "He is the man who
+organized the revolution of 1830, and the greatest man in Belgium, King
+Leopold excepted."
+
+"Is it possible!" ejaculated Mr. Hamblin, struggling to keep down the
+smile in which his vanity sought to manifest itself. "What does he say?"
+
+"He says that just as he was leaving Antwerp for Brussels, he heard that
+the very learned and distinguished Professor Hamblin was on board of a
+vessel at anchor in the river."
+
+"Does he say that?" asked the learned gentleman, who, knowing that Mr.
+Stoute had a horrid vein of humor running through his fat frame, had,
+perhaps, a suspicion that he was making fun at his expense.
+
+"That is precisely what it says."
+
+"How should Mr. Rogier know me?" queried Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"I was about to read his explanation on that point: he says he heard of
+you through a friend who was in London a few weeks since. He wished to
+see you and extend to you a welcome to the kingdom of Belgium; but the
+command of his royal master required him to leave Antwerp by the next
+train; and he was deprived of the pleasure of extending to you in person
+the expression of his distinguished consideration. He hopes when you
+visit Brussels you will do him the honor to call upon him at the Palais
+de la Nation, Rue de la Soie."
+
+"Humph!" ejaculated the learned professor, prolonging the interjection,
+and trying to suppress the smile which had a sad tendency to overwhelm
+his dignity.
+
+"You are fortunate, Mr. Hamblin," added Mr. Stoute; "of course he will
+present you to King Leopold."
+
+"Possibly," replied the Greek _savant_, stroking his chin, and frowning,
+to counteract the sinister influence of the smile he could not wholly
+overcome.
+
+Mr. Hamblin took the letter and read the signature. It was certainly
+"Charles Rogier," with a flourish extensive enough for any great man.
+From the letter he glanced at the fat professor, who, being always
+good-natured, was so now. He could not get rid of a lingering suspicion
+that his undignified associate was imposing upon him. It was a great
+misfortune that his own knowledge of French was so limited, and if it
+had not been so late, he would have gone on board of the ship to ask
+Professor Badois to translate the epistle to him.
+
+Instead of doing this, he went to the record book of the Josephine, and
+ascertained that Duncan was marked among the highest in French. Now
+Duncan was a very polite and respectful student, and Mr. Hamblin had a
+greater regard for him than for most of his companions. Finding this
+promising young man on deck, he invited him to the sacred precincts of
+the professor's state-room. Duncan was even more polite and obliging
+than usual. At the request of his present host, who did not offer any
+explanations, he wrote out a translation of the important letter. Mr.
+Hamblin thanked him, and he retired.
+
+There was no material difference between the translations of Mr. Stoute
+and Duncan, and the learned professor congratulated himself upon the
+distinction he had attained. His fame as a _savant_ had preceded him
+across the ocean. The king's chief minister courted his acquaintance.
+This was the homage which greatness paid to learning, and Mr. Hamblin
+was willing to believe that it was a deserved tribute. He soon worked
+himself into a flutter of excitement, in anticipation of being taken by
+the hand by the king's chief minister, and he slept but little during
+the night, so absorbed was he in the contemplation of the distinguished
+honor which awaited him.
+
+"Professor Hamblin is going to court," said Duncan to his old friend
+the captain, when they met on deck after supper.
+
+"To court whom?" laughed Paul.
+
+"He has had an invitation to go to court to see the big bugs. I
+translated a letter for him from the minister of foreign affairs; and I
+suppose he's about the biggest toad in the Belgian puddle," added
+Duncan. "You won't be able to touch him with a ten-foot pole after
+that."
+
+"We shall get along very well with him, if we only do our duty," said
+Paul.
+
+"The fellows are not very fond of him; and if he puts on any more airs,
+they won't be able to stand it."
+
+"Why, what's the matter, Duncan? asked Paul, anxiously, for generally
+everything had gone on so well on board of the Josephine, that he
+dreaded any trouble.
+
+"O, nothing, nothing!" laughed Duncan; "only the fellows don't like
+him."
+
+"Ben, there's something up," said Paul, earnestly. "If the fellows think
+anything at all of me, they won't make any trouble. If I don't complain
+of Mr. Hamblin, they needn't."
+
+"I don't find any fault with him myself," protested Ben. "I don't like
+him, but I have always got along very well with him."
+
+"What did you mean by mentioning this matter to me, Ben?" asked Paul.
+
+"Nothing; only I shouldn't be surprised if the fellows were to haze the
+venerable patriarch a little in a quiet way. They are all down upon
+him."
+
+"I am sorry for that. I hope all the fellows will do their duty, and
+not get into any scrapes, replied Paul, very seriously.
+
+"I am sorry, but I can't say that I blame them much."
+
+"I shall blame them if they commit any act of disrespect," said the
+captain, decidedly. "I hope you will say what you can forward to keep
+the fellows from doing anything that would hurt Mr. Hamblin's feelings."
+
+"What can I do? The old fossil doesn't treat the students like
+gentlemen; and if he behaves so, what can you expect of the fellows? He
+is cross, crabbed, and tyrannical."
+
+"Have they just found it out?"
+
+"No, but they were willing to bear it rather than make any trouble on
+board. After what he did last Saturday, they are not disposed to be so
+patient; and I can't blame them much."
+
+"What happened last Saturday was between Mr. Hamblin and me, and the
+students needn't trouble themselves about that."
+
+"But the fellows all like you first rate, even the worst ones we have on
+board; and there are some pretty hard boys here," laughed Duncan.
+
+"If they like me, they will not get up a row."
+
+"I will take care that all of them know just how you feel," said Duncan,
+concluding to end the conversation at this point, for the subject of
+these remarks had just come on deck.
+
+The learned gentleman appeared to carry his head even higher, and to be
+more dignified, stiff, and reserved, than usual. With an invitation in
+his pocket to visit the greatest statesman in Belgium, he felt like a
+very exalted personage; for not even Mr. Lowington had been so highly
+favored. Mr. Hamblin was puffed up and swelled out by the honor the
+great man had done him, and as he walked up and down the deck, the
+students might have known by his air, if they had not been told of the
+fact, that greatness had suddenly been thrust upon him.
+
+It presently occurred to him that the principal had not been informed of
+the distinguished consideration in which the government of Belgium
+regarded the Josephine's senior instructor. It was important that he
+should know it, for the fact would certainly elevate him in the
+estimation of the principal, and cause him to regret that in the recent
+difficulty he had not more fully sustained his notable professor.
+Besides, he wished to make some arrangements which would permit him to
+visit the Palais de la Nation, and to dine with the minister, if he
+should be invited, as he had no doubt he should be.
+
+With as much sternness on his wrinkled face as he could assume, he
+walked forward to demand a boat of Captain Kendall. As he was passing in
+the waist, a coil of signal line dropped down from the gaff above,
+square upon the top of his hat, forcing it far down upon his head. Mr.
+Hamblin immediately threw himself into an undignified passion. When he
+had with some difficulty extricated his head from the linings of his
+hat, he looked up to see who had been guilty of this act of flagrant
+disrespect.
+
+"I beg your pardon, Mr. Hamblin," shouted Grimme, a seaman, whose legs
+were twined around the end of the gaff, while he was in the act of
+passing a signal halyard through an eye.
+
+The captain had received orders from the principal to have the Josephine
+ready for the visit of a distinguished person on the following day, and
+Mr. Cleats was preparing to dress the rigging.
+
+"You scoundrel!" roared Mr. Hamblin, gazing up at the unfortunate youth
+who had been the cause of his misfortune.
+
+"Did it hurt you, sir?" asked Paul, stepping up to the professor.
+
+"Was that done by your order, Mr. Kendall?" demanded the irate _savant_.
+
+"No, sir; it was not," replied Paul, blushing with indignation at such
+an insinuation.
+
+"It is very singular that the rope should fall just at the moment I was
+passing," added Mr. Hamblin, sourly, as he straightened out his crumpled
+tile.
+
+"I am sorry it occurred, sir," said Paul, who uttered no more than the
+literal truth.
+
+Mr. Hamblin glanced around the deck at the students who were collected
+there. They did not seem to be sorry; on the contrary, there was a look
+of diabolical satisfaction in the expression of most of them, and not a
+few were actually laughing.
+
+"I demand the immediate punishment of the offender," said Mr. Hamblin,
+irritated by this manifestation on the part of the students.
+
+By this time Grimme had descended from his perilous perch, having
+completed the reeving of the halyard. Without a moment's delay, he
+hastened to the spot where the angry man stood, and touched his cap with
+the utmost deference.
+
+"I beg your pardon, Mr. Hamblin. I hope you will excuse me," said
+Grimme, who really wore a very troubled look.
+
+"You did it on purpose, you scoundrel!" growled the professor, savagely;
+for he could not fail to see the ill-suppressed chuckling of the
+students in the waist.
+
+"No, sir! I did not, sir!" protested Grimme. "I had the end in my mouth,
+and was just going to drop the coil when I saw you."
+
+"And you did drop it when you saw me."
+
+"I did not mean to drop it then. I was going to wait till you had
+passed; but my foot slipped, and, in catching hold of the gaff with my
+hand, I let go the coil. If I hadn't dropped it, I should have fallen
+myself," replied Grimme, who seemed determined to make the explanation
+strong enough to meet the emergency.
+
+"I don't believe a word of it! You meant to insult me!" exclaimed Mr.
+Hamblin, still goaded on to intemperate speech by the ill-concealed
+jeers of the students. "Mr. Kendall, it is your duty to punish that
+insolent fellow."
+
+"I will inquire into the matter, sir. If it appears that he did the act
+on purpose, he shall certainly be punished," replied Paul, who, after
+his conversation with Duncan, could not help suspecting that this was
+the first step in the hazing process to which his friend had alluded.
+
+"Inquire into it!" sneered Mr. Hamblin, with deep disgust. "I complain
+of the boy: that is enough."
+
+Paul did not think so; but he made no reply to the angry man, though he
+ordered the alleged culprit to the mainmast, which is the locality of
+the high court on shipboard.
+
+"Mr. Kendall, I desire to have the gig, for the purpose of visiting the
+ship."
+
+"The gig, sir!" exclaimed Paul, to whom the professors were not in the
+habit of designating which boat they would have.
+
+"I said the gig, sir," repeated Mr. Hamblin, loftily.
+
+"I beg your pardon, sir; but the gig is the captain's boat," replied
+Paul, with deference.
+
+"The captain's boat!" puffed the professor.
+
+"Mr. Lowington directed me to use the first cutter for the professors,"
+added Paul.
+
+"Am I to understand that you again refuse me a boat?"
+
+"No, sir; by no means," said the captain, ready to weep with vexation at
+these disagreeable incidents.
+
+He turned from Mr. Hamblin, and directed the first lieutenant to pipe
+away the first cutters; and in a few moments the boat was ready. The
+fourth lieutenant was sent in charge of the cutter. The professor went
+over the side into the boat; and as he made no objections, the officers
+concluded that he did not know the difference between the gig and the
+first cutter. At certain stages of the tide, there is a three-mile
+current in the Scheldt, with strong eddies, formed by the sweep of the
+river. By a miscalculation of the coxswain, the cutter fell astern of
+the ship, and had to pull up to her, which prolonged the passage
+somewhat, thereby increasing the ill nature and impatience of Mr.
+Hamblin.
+
+"In bows!" said the coxswain, as the boat approached the ship; and the
+two bowmen tossed their oars and boated them, taking position in the
+bow-grating, with the boat-hooks in their hands.
+
+"Way enough!" added the coxswain; and the rest of the crew tossed their
+oars.
+
+At the gangway of the ship stairs had been rigged, at the foot of which
+there was a platform, for the convenience of those boarding or leaving
+the ship by the boats. The bowmen fastened their boat-hooks upon the
+platform, in readiness to haul the boat alongside, so that the passenger
+could step out without inconvenience. But the current was strong, and
+some delay ensued.
+
+"There! let me get out!" exclaimed Mr. Hamblin, rising in the boat, and
+walking between the oarsmen to the bow.
+
+"Steady, sir!" said Humphreys, the officer, as he took the arm of the
+professor, to prevent him from falling.
+
+"Pull the boat up, so I can step out!" said Mr. Hamblin, impatiently, to
+the bowmen.
+
+They were hauling her up closer to the platform, against the strong
+current, which, being in a direction contrary to the wind, made
+considerable sea, causing the boat to roll and jerk uneasily. When she
+was within a couple of feet of the platform, the professor attempted to
+step out.
+
+"Steady, sir!" said Morgan, one of the bowmen, as Mr. Hamblin was about
+to take the step; but at that instant the boat receded from the
+platform, and the learned gentleman, with one foot on the plank and the
+other on the bow of the boat, made a very long straddle, toppled over
+into the water, and disappeared in the eddies.
+
+"My boat-hook broke!" protested Morgan, holding up the implement, from
+which the iron had drawn out; and after what had occurred on board of
+the consort, he probably deemed it necessary to make an immediate
+defence.
+
+"Man overboard!" shouted several students in the ship; and immediately
+there was an immense commotion on board of her.
+
+Mr. Hamblin rose to the surface an instant later, and shouted for help.
+The accident was observed from the Josephine, and the gig piped away in
+double quick time.
+
+"Up oars! Let fall! Give way!" shouted Robinson, in the first cutter, as
+she drifted away from the gangway of the ship, without waiting for the
+orders to be repeated by the coxswain.
+
+A few vigorous strokes of the oars brought the cutter to the spot where
+the professor was struggling with the dirty current. The bowmen seized
+him by the collar, and the crew, after no little labor, owing to the
+excitement of the unfortunate gentleman, succeeded in getting him into
+the boat. He was placed in the stern sheets, and Robinson afforded him
+such assistance as the circumstances would permit.
+
+The gig, with Paul and Pelham on board, was darting through the current
+towards the first cutter. It was too late to be of any service; but it
+continued on its way, and the captain manifested his interest and
+sympathy as well as he could. Mr. Hamblin pressed the water from his
+hair, wiped his face with his wet handkerchief, and otherwise
+endeavored to remove the effects of his involuntary bath. He seemed to
+be, thus far, no worse for the disaster; but he directed Robinson to
+return directly to the Josephine, for obvious reasons.
+
+The two boats came alongside together; and this time the professor,
+notwithstanding the discomfort of his condition, made no undue haste to
+leave the cutter before she was properly secured.
+
+"I am very sorry indeed for your misfortune, sir," said Paul, politely,
+when he met Mr. Hamblin on deck.
+
+"Perhaps you are!" replied he, rushing down the cabin stairs, bestowing
+hardly a glance upon the sympathizing commander.
+
+He went to his state-room, and made an entire change of his clothing.
+The weather was warm, and he suffered no serious consequences.
+
+"You are a very unfortunate person, Mr. Hamblin," said his associate
+instructor, when the _savant_, clean and dry, emerged from the
+state-room.
+
+"It was done on purpose, Mr. Stoute," replied he, solemnly, with
+compressed lips.
+
+"O, no! It couldn't be!" protested the fat professor. "You are simply
+unfortunate. First, a coil of rope falls on your head, and then you fall
+overboard. You should be careful."
+
+"Has that student been punished for throwing the rope upon me?"
+
+"No, sir. I stood by during the investigation at the mainmast. It could
+not be proved that the act was done on purpose; and, for my part, I did
+not believe it was."
+
+"I am very confident it was. I can read the expression on the faces of
+the boys; and I am certain there is a conspiracy among them to knock out
+my brains or drown me in the river."
+
+"Boys will be boys, and they are very prone to look at the ludicrous
+aspect of an accident," added the stout professor. "I should not give a
+serious interpretation to any little signs of mirth I happened to see."
+
+"Mr. Stoute, you allow yourself to be hoodwinked, deceived, overwhelmed,
+by these artful boys. You should maintain more dignity in your
+intercourse with them."
+
+"There is a true and a false dignity, Mr. Hamblin. I shall endeavor to
+avoid the one, and cling to the other," replied Mr. Stoute, warmly, but
+good-naturedly.
+
+"You are aware that I asked for the gig before I started for the ship?"
+continued Mr. Hamblin, impressively.
+
+"I am; and I was also aware that the first cutter had been appropriated
+to the use of the instructors."
+
+"I demanded the gig. It was refused. What did that mean?"
+
+"It meant just what the captain said--that the principal required him to
+furnish the first cutter for our use."
+
+"That is not what it meant," persisted Mr. Hamblin. "The crew of the
+first cutter had been instructed to tip me into the river. When I called
+for the gig, it deranged the plan. I am only sorry that I did not refuse
+to take the cutter, and insist upon having the gig; but I do not wish to
+make trouble."
+
+"But why did you ask for the gig?"
+
+"Because I saw Morgan, who, I knew, belonged in the cutter, laughing
+when the rope fell on my head. He would as lief drown me as not."
+
+"I think you misjudge the boys."
+
+"I am surprised that one who has been a teacher as long as you have does
+not understand boys any better," replied Mr. Hamblin, coldly. "I am
+satisfied that Kendall is at the bottom of all this mischief."
+
+"I am very sure he is not," said Mr. Stoute, decidedly.
+
+"The crew of the cutter had been prepared for their work."
+
+It was surprising that two men who had been among boys so long took such
+opposite views of them; but the difference of opinion was more in the
+men than in the boys.
+
+These events were the staple of conversation on deck and in the steerage
+among the crew; and some of the better boys heard certain indefinite
+remarks about "the first step" and "the second step," used by "our
+fellows;" but no real friend of law and order discovered anything which
+threw any new light upon the two misfortunes that had overtaken the
+senior professor, though there was a suspicion that these were the first
+and second steps hinted at by the doubtful ones.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER X.
+
+WHO WAS CAPTAIN OF THE JOSEPHINE?
+
+
+Mr. Hamblin, as before intimated, did not sleep well on the night in
+question. The burden of being called to the state department, and even
+to the royal palaces of Belgium, was very trying to his nerves. When he
+slept, it was only to dream of the great statesman and revolutionary
+leader of the Low Countries, in the act of taking him by the hand or of
+presenting him to his majesty Leopold, "Roi de Belge."
+
+He prepared himself with great care, in his reflections, for the
+stupendous occasion. He studied up courtly bows, and imagined just how
+he would look when in the act of making one of them. He pictured to
+himself various graceful gestures which he intended to use, in order to
+impress upon the great man the dignity of his character. He arranged the
+little tableau of his presentation to the king, with all the speeches,
+interludes, and movements. If the king said certain things, he should
+say certain other things in reply; and when the interview ended, he was
+with becoming grace to back out of the royal presence.
+
+Leopold, "Roi de Belge," would probably inform him that he had, either
+directly or through his faithful minister, heard of the distinguished
+Greek _savant_; that he had seen or heard of the Greek Grammar he had
+published, the Greek Reader he had compiled, and the Anabasis he had
+edited and annotated. It was more than probable that there were copies
+of these learned and valuable works in the Royal Library; for no library
+could be complete without them. If they were there, the king would
+graciously inform him of the fact, as the highest compliment that could
+be paid to his fame as a Greek scholar. To all this, with his left hand
+upon his heart, with his right extended, palm prone, at an angle of
+forty-five degrees with his perpendicular, his body bent in a courteous
+but dignified bow, he was to reply that his majesty did him too much
+honor. It would be necessary to deprecate, in some degree, the
+distinguished consideration awarded to him, and to declare his own
+unworthiness of the king's notice and favor.
+
+Then, perhaps, the royal Leopold would present him a snuff-box, studded
+with pearls, diamonds, and rubies,--monarchs have a habit of presenting
+snuffboxes to men who do not take snuff,--in token of his princely
+appreciation of the learning of the distinguished American professor.
+Or, perhaps, "Le Roi de Belge" would inform him that he desired to
+promote the study of the Greek language and literature in his kingdom,
+and that he was graciously pleased to appoint him Inspector of Greek, or
+Librarian of the Greek portion of the Royal Library, with no active duty
+but that of collecting his salary of twenty thousand francs--liberal
+princes, as rich as Leopold was reputed to be, often spent their money
+more foolishly than this, in rewarding distinguished men of learning.
+
+The learned gentleman did not feel a very strong confidence that the
+king would thus reward his forty years' patient study of the Greek; but
+_if_ he should conclude to behave in this rather erratic but highly
+honorable manner, it would give him a pleasant opportunity of waiting
+upon Mr. Lowington in his cabin, and politely informing him that he
+could no longer endure the insults of the Josephines, or countenance
+their want of appreciation of the privilege of having such a professor
+of Greek as he was; and that he felt compelled to resign his present
+position, in order that "Le Roi de Belge" might avail himself of his
+valuable services.
+
+It would be delightful to make such a call upon the principal of the
+academy squadron. It would be a grand occasion for a display of dignity.
+He did not feel that such a pleasant event was likely to occur; but it
+was not impossible. The fame of his Grammar and other works might have
+come over the Atlantic while he was transplanting Greek roots in the
+hard heads of stupid boys. He felt that he deserved some higher token of
+public appreciation than had yet been bestowed upon him. Why should the
+Secretary of Foreign Affairs send an autograph letter to him, unless
+some especial notice was to be taken of him?
+
+An audible voice seemed to say, "Go up higher, friend;" but, alas! that
+was only the snoring of Professor Stoute, in the berth above him, which
+his fancy had incorporated into words. There was no voice--only the
+guttural sounds of his obese room-mate, who was so tired that he
+breathed with unwonted labor in his sleep. There was no poetry in the
+snoring of his companion, and the vision was rudely dissolved by the
+reality. But the invitation to go to court was in his pocket: he could
+not be cheated out of that, or of his brilliant expectations. Leopold
+might do the handsome thing, at least as to the snuff-box. It was rather
+awkward, in view of the approaching interview, that he could not speak
+French; but the king had lived in London for a time, and doubtless spoke
+English fluently. Of course the Minister of Foreign Affairs could speak
+English; but even if he did not, they could meet on the same level in
+Latin or Greek.
+
+Professor Hamblin did not sleep very well; and he did not sleep any
+better because Mr. Stoute slept so well, and made the state-room
+sonorous with the richest base snoring that ever tormented a nervous
+man. Indeed, the heavy sleeper made it so lively for the light sleeper
+that the latter was two or three times goaded to the alternative of
+waking the former, or abandoning the room.
+
+In the course of the night the learned professor had polished up all his
+little speeches to be recited before the minister, and probably before
+the king; had nicely adjusted all his bows and gestures, and laid up a
+magazine of expedients for possible emergencies, such as the presence of
+the Duke of Brabant, Prince Leopold, and even of "La Reine de Belge;"
+but the dreamer was glad when the morning came; for the night had been
+very long, though he had probably slept three quarters of the time;
+gladder still when he heard the water splashing on the deck above him,
+as the watch washed down the quarter-deck, for now he could get up. He
+did get up, and went out to taste the freshness of the early air.
+
+The young seamen had finished their labor on the quarters, and were at
+work in the waist. A kind of force-pump, or fire-engine, was attached to
+the Josephine, to save labor in washing down the decks, and to be used
+in case of fire below. It was provided with a sufficient length of hose
+to reach all parts of the vessel, and was worked by a single brake,
+manned by four hands. With this apparatus the boys were deluging the
+decks with water, one of them holding the pipe, and half a dozen
+scrubbing the planks with long-handled brushes.
+
+A fire-engine, or indeed anything that will squirt, is a great luxury to
+the boys, with whom "running with the machine" is a constitutional
+tendency. The novelty of the Josephine's force-pump had not yet worn
+away, and it contributed in no small degree to alleviate the hard and
+ungentlemanly labor of washing down decks.
+
+Mr. Hamblin was not a boy, and he had a constitutional dislike of
+fire-engines and all hydraulic apparatus, partly, perhaps, because the
+boys liked it. The quarter-deck was still wet with the drenching it had
+received, and the professor did not like to dampen his feet on the one
+hand, or retreat to the close cabin on the other. He did what Americans
+are very apt to do when situated between the two horns of a dilemma--he
+compromised between the difficulties by seating himself on the fife-rail
+between a couple of belaying-pins. He was careful to place himself
+abaft the mainmast, so that the wicked engine would not spatter him.
+
+He sat on the fife-rail and began to think of the king and the minister
+again; but his reflections this time were very brief, and if his fancy
+burned again with glowing anticipation, the flame was suddenly quenched
+by a stream of water directed at the foot of the mast, which spattered
+his lower extremities very badly.
+
+"What are you about, you rascal?" roared the learned gentleman,
+springing from his perch to the deck.
+
+But it would have been better for him to remain where he was, for the
+instant his feet struck the deck, the full force of the stream from the
+hose-pipe saluted him squarely in the face, filling his mouth with
+water, and well nigh overthrowing him with its violence. This was a sad
+accident. McDougal, one of the quartermasters, held the pipe. At the
+moment the professor sprang from the fife-rail, the hoseman was looking
+behind him, his attention having been called away from his work by a
+remark of one of the hands at the brake.
+
+"What do you mean, you rascal?" sputtered Mr. Hamblin, attempting to
+free his mouth of the dirty Scheldt water which had been forced into it.
+
+"That's number three," whispered one of the brake-men to another.
+
+"Hush up!" replied the one addressed, from the corner of his mouth.
+
+McDougal dropped the hose, and rushed aft to the place where the unhappy
+_savant_ stood.
+
+"You impertinent puppy!" cried Mr. Hamblin, soiling his white
+handkerchief with the foul water upon his face.
+
+"O, dear! What have I done!" groaned McDougal, clasping his hands in an
+agony of dismay. "I beg your pardon! I didn't see you, sir. O, what have
+I done!" And the wretched hoseman actually threw himself on his knees
+upon the wet deck, and implored the forgiveness of the injured magnate
+of the school-room.
+
+"You meant to do it!" exclaimed the implacable pedagogue.
+
+"No, sir! Indeed, I did not! Won't you forgive me?" pleaded McDougal,
+still upon his knees.
+
+"What does all this mean?" demanded Pelham, who was officer of the deck,
+as he rushed to the spot from the topgallant forecastle, where he had
+gone to keep out of the way of the splashing waters.
+
+"O, Mr. Pelham," groaned the hoseman, "I am so sorry!"
+
+"Get up!" said Pelham to the culprit, sternly, for anything like
+servility was very disgusting to him, and probably he had his own views
+in regard to Mr. Hamblin.
+
+McDougal obeyed this imperative command, and though, ordinarily, a young
+man of nerve and of much self-possession, he appeared to be trembling
+with apprehension. His lips quivered, his knees smote against each
+other, and he stood wringing his hands, apparently in the most abject
+terror.
+
+"I didn't mean to do it, Mr. Pelham," chattered the miserable hoseman.
+
+"Mr. Pelham, in my opinion this act was deliberately contrived and
+carried out," said Mr. Hamblin, severely, though he was evidently
+somewhat moved by the misery of the culprit.
+
+"I am very sorry for it, sir, whether it was done on purpose or by
+accident," replied Pelham. "Where were you, sir, when it happened?"
+
+"I was sitting on that frame," answered Mr. Hamblin, pointing to the
+place.
+
+"On the fife-rail?"
+
+"Yes; if that is the name of the frame."
+
+"Yes, sir; and he was behind the mast, and I didn't see him," pleaded
+McDougal. "I saw some dirt on deck at the foot of the mast, and I threw
+the stream there. I couldn't see Mr. Hamblin--indeed I couldn't, sir."
+
+"I would not complain of the act if that had been all, for I was simply
+spattered; but when I stepped down, the stream was directed full into my
+face."
+
+"I didn't mean to do it, sir. One of the brake-men hollered to me, and I
+turned to see what he wanted, and when I did so, I raised up the hose;
+and I suppose that's what made the stream hit Mr. Hamblin in the face,"
+groaned McDougal.
+
+"Yes, sir," interposed the brakeman, who had designated the act as
+"number three." "I saw Mr. Hamblin, and I sung out to McDougal to turn
+the hose. He turned round and asked me what I said, and before I could
+answer Mr. Hamblin cried out to him."
+
+"So far as I can see, it appears to be an accident, sir," added Pelham;
+"but I will report it to the captain."
+
+"O, Mr. Pelham, don't report me to the captain!" begged McDougal. "He
+will send me back to the ship. I didn't mean to do it; it was an
+accident."
+
+"It is useless to report it to the captain," said the professor, with a
+palpable sneer.
+
+"Thank you, sir; you will forgive me, sir?" moaned the culprit.
+
+"I am willing to forgive you if it was an accident," replied the
+_savant_, more graciously.
+
+"It was an accident, sir."
+
+"It is very singular that so many accidents happen to me," said the
+professor, knitting his brow, and looking very savage, when he recalled
+the events of the preceding evening. "This is the third time within half
+a day that an accident has occurred to me."
+
+Mr. Hamblin walked off, and descended to the cabin to change his clothes
+again. The suit in which he had fallen overboard had been dried at the
+cook's galley, and was in condition for use. While changing his
+garments, he recited to Mr. Stoute the new misfortune that had overtaken
+him.
+
+Pelham sharply questioned the hands who had been concerned in the
+outrage; but McDougal, who appeared to be the only one implicated in the
+deed, protested that the circumstances were just as he had stated them;
+nothing could be proved, for the boys all agreed in their statements.
+The case was therefore dismissed, to be called up again by the captain,
+if he thought proper to do so. McDougal walked forward to pick up the
+hose-pipe again, and as he met the brakeman who had exhibited some
+intelligence before, he gave him a very sly wink.
+
+The officer of the watch was more than suspicious. He was an old hand at
+mischief himself, and not easily hoodwinked by "our fellows." He could
+not help thinking that McDougal had overdone his part, for a bold young
+man, like him, would not behave so much like a coward under any
+circumstances. Just before breakfast time the captain and first
+lieutenant came on deck together, and Pelham reported "number three" to
+them.
+
+"It was not an accident," exclaimed Paul, indignantly.
+
+"I don't think it was myself," replied Pelham. "But at the same time,
+what can you do? You can't prove that it was done on purpose."
+
+"I had a hint from Duncan that the fellows intended to haze Mr. Hamblin,
+and if this thing isn't stopped in the beginning, there is no knowing
+where it will end," continued Paul, decidedly. "You will pipe to muster
+the first thing after breakfast, Mr. Terrill."
+
+The young commander was entirely satisfied in his own mind that the
+unpleasant incident of the morning was a part of the hazing programme,
+if the two on the preceding evening were not. He had already decided to
+take prompt action, and put a stop to the disgraceful proceedings.
+
+After breakfast, agreeably to the order, all hands were piped to muster.
+The two professors had come on deck to ascertain the cause of this
+movement. They had had a long talk together about the second drenching
+of the senior, and Mr. Stoute was obliged to conclude that the deed had
+been wilfully done. He acknowledged as much as this, and felt, as the
+captain did, that prompt action was necessary; but to his surprise, Mr.
+Hamblin took opposite ground towards the latter part of the interview,
+and declared that McDougal, on his knees, had begged his pardon. The
+learned gentleman appeared to be determined to keep his opinion at
+variance with that of his associate.
+
+Mr. Hamblin was one of those old fogies who could not appreciate
+manliness in a boy. He demanded abject servility and pusillanimous
+crouching on the part of an offender. When he frowned, the boy ought to
+wither with fear rather than with the consciousness of guilt. McDougal
+had thrown himself into a becoming attitude, in his estimation; had
+groaned, trembled, and cringed. He was willing to forgive McDougal, and
+had intimated as much as this to him before he left the deck.
+
+The young commander took his place on the hatch, and made quite a
+telling speech in regard to what he termed the disgraceful proceeding
+which had occurred on board. He solemnly warned the boys that he would
+not tolerate anything irregular and disorderly.
+
+"Mr. Terrill, you will pipe away the second cutters," he continued,
+turning to the first lieutenant.
+
+The crew of the boat were piped away, the cutter lowered, and they took
+their places in her. The second lieutenant was detailed to take charge
+of her, and waited near the captain for his orders.
+
+"Pass the word for McDougal," added the captain, when the second cutter
+was ready, as he stepped down from the hatch, and stood at the foot of
+the mainmast.
+
+The culprit came forward, and touched his cap to the captain.
+
+"For your conduct this morning to Mr. Hamblin I shall send you on board
+of the ship," said Paul, in firm and decided tones.
+
+"I couldn't help it, Captain Kendall," pleaded McDougal; but he
+exhibited none of the servility which had characterized his demeanor to
+the professor; he knew the captain too well to resort to such an
+expedient.
+
+"_Perhaps_ you could not," replied Paul, pointedly. "_Perhaps_ you could
+not; but you were very careless."
+
+"I didn't mean to do it," added McDougal.
+
+"I do not say that you did. If the professor cannot walk the deck
+without being drenched with water, it is time those who are so careless
+should be sent out of the Josephine."
+
+"Mr. Hamblin was behind the mast, and I thought he had gone below, sir."
+
+"I have no time nor inclination to argue the matter. If you think any
+injustice has been done to you, the principal will hear your complaint,
+and I shall be as willing as you are to abide by his decision. Mr.
+Martyn, you will report the case as it is to Mr. Lowington. McDougal,
+consider yourself under arrest, and take your place in the boat."
+
+The culprit wanted to say something more, but Paul ordered him into the
+boat with an emphasis which he did not deem it prudent to disregard.
+
+"Captain Kendall," said Professor Hamblin, stepping up to the young
+commander, "I request that you will detain that boat for a moment or
+two."
+
+"Certainly, sir, if you desire it," replied Paul, giving the necessary
+order.
+
+"May I ask for a few moments' private conversation with you?" added the
+professor, as he led the way aft.
+
+The learned gentleman seemed to be considerably excited, and conducted
+the captain to the taffrail.
+
+"I protest against your action in this matter," said he, warmly, when
+they were out of hearing of others.
+
+"Indeed, sir! I supposed you would protest if I did not take decided
+action."
+
+"I am sorry to feel obliged to say, that you do not use good judgment in
+this case," continued Mr. Hamblin, solemnly. "When that rope was thrown
+upon me, you took no notice of it. I do not hear that the crew of the
+first cutter have been called to account for their carelessness in
+throwing me into the water last night; but, in this instance, where the
+guilty party has begged my pardon on his bended knees, and shown a
+degree of sorrow which it would be inhuman to disregard, you resort to
+the severest punishment known on board."
+
+"You will excuse me, Mr. Hamblin, but I think my action is fully
+justified by the circumstances."
+
+"I think not. You are extremely severe in this case, while the more
+flagrant act of throwing me into the river, whether it was a wilful or a
+careless one, was passed over in silence."
+
+"It was not passed over in silence. I examined the officer of the boat,
+and I found that the accident was caused by the breaking of a boat-hook
+in the hands of one of the bowmen. If you will pardon me for being
+entirely candid with you, Mr. Hamblin, the mishap was caused by your own
+carelessness, rather than by that of the boat's crew."
+
+"Do you mean to insult me?" demand the professor, angrily.
+
+"Most assuredly not, sir. If you had kept your seat in the stern-sheets
+of the boat, as a passenger should, until the cutter was properly
+secured, you could not possibly have fallen overboard when the boat-hook
+broke," answered Paul, gently and firmly.
+
+"I do not ask your judgment upon my actions, Mr. Kendall," growled the
+professor.
+
+"Excuse me, sir; but I alluded to your movement only in defence of the
+boat's crew. If the bowmen had actually intended to throw you into the
+water, they could not have done it if you had kept your seat."
+
+"It is not proper for you to criticise my action."
+
+Paul bowed, and made no reply.
+
+"I protest against your action in punishing McDougal. He apologized to
+my satisfaction; and, as this is an affair personal with me, I am
+surprised at your taking any step without consulting me."
+
+"It is a case which affects the discipline of the vessel; and, as such,
+it was proper that I should dispose of it."
+
+"It was a personal matter, I say," repeated the professor, growing more
+wrathy when he found his mighty will opposed.
+
+"I have such information, sir, as leads me to believe that the act of
+this morning was intentional."
+
+"That's a want of judgment on your part, and I protest against your
+action. I object to your sending McDougal to the ship, and I demand that
+your order be rescinded."
+
+"I shall send him to the ship, sir!" replied Paul, decidedly, his cheek
+coloring.
+
+"Shall you! Do you mean to insult me?"
+
+"No, sir; I repeat that I do not mean to insult you."
+
+"I say that boy ought not to be sent to the ship. Why, such a lack of
+judgment--"
+
+"Mr. Hamblin, I command this vessel!" exclaimed Paul, with native
+dignity.
+
+"Do you, indeed?"
+
+"I am responsible for all I do to Mr. Lowington. You will oblige me by
+not interfering with the discipline of the crew."
+
+"How dare you use such language to me?" snapped the professor, dancing
+about the deck with rage.
+
+"Mr. Terrill, direct Mr. Martyn to pull to the ship, and execute my
+order as I gave it."
+
+"This is infamous!" stormed Mr. Hamblin. "Am I to be snubbed by a boy,
+by one of my own pupils?"
+
+"I have nothing more to say, Mr. Hamblin," continued Paul, bowing and
+moving away.
+
+"Stop, you puppy!" roared Mr. Hamblin, following him, and speaking loud
+enough for all the officers to hear his offensive remark.
+
+"Come, come, Mr. Hamblin, you are disgracing yourself," interposed Mr.
+Stoute.
+
+"The puppy!" gasped Mr. Hamblin. "He insulted me!"
+
+"Don't lower yourself in the eyes of your pupils by such undignified
+conduct."
+
+"Am I to be insulted by a boy?" replied Mr. Hamblin, breaking away from
+his associate.
+
+"Mr. Terrill, send Mr. Cleats and Mr. Gage aft," said Captain Kendall,
+hardly able to speak, so violent were his emotions.
+
+"Mr. Kendall--"
+
+"Captain Kendall, if you please," interposed Paul, as the professor,
+boiling over with rage, rushed up to him.
+
+"_Mister_ Kendall, I will--"
+
+"One word, Mr. Hamblin, before you proceed any farther," continued Paul,
+struggling to be calm.
+
+"Here, sir," reported the adult carpenter and boatswain.
+
+"Stand by; I may want you," replied Captain Kendall. "Mr. Hamblin," he
+proceeded, turning to the furious professor, "if you venture to call me
+a puppy again, or to use any other offensive epithet, I will order the
+carpenter and boatswain to arrest you. I will send you in irons on board
+the ship. I beg to remind you again that I am the captain of this
+vessel."
+
+Mr. Hamblin glanced at him, and then at the stalwart forward officers,
+who, he knew, would obey the captain if the Josephine went down with
+them in the act. If he did not feel that he had done wrong, he felt that
+he could do nothing more. Professor Stoute again interposed his good
+offices, and Mr. Hamblin defeated--by himself rather than the
+captain--bolted from the group, and rushed down into the cabin.
+
+The entire ship's company had crowded aft to witness this exciting
+scene.
+
+"Three cheers for Captain Kendall!" shouted a daring fellow. "One!"
+
+They were given, in spite of Paul's cry for "silence," and then the crew
+scattered. The young commander looked very pale, and went below attended
+by Terrill, who had noticed his ghastly expression. He retired to his
+state-room, and but for his friend's efforts would have fainted away, so
+terribly had he suffered during the painful scene.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XI.
+
+ON THE WAY TO GHENT.
+
+
+"You have made a very great mistake, Mr. Hamblin," said Professor Stoute,
+when they reached their state-room.
+
+"Do you take part with the students, Mr. Stoute?" snapped the angry
+_savant_.
+
+The good-natured instructor concluded that it would be useless for him
+to say anything while his associate continued in such an unhappy frame
+of mind; and he condemned himself to silence for the present. It was
+plain enough to him that the crew of the Josephine were in a state of
+mutiny, so far as Mr. Hamblin was concerned, and, that the academic
+discipline of the vessel was at an end. If he understood the humor of
+the boys, they would refuse to obey the professor of Greek. There must
+be a settlement of this serious difficulty before anything more could be
+done.
+
+Mr. Hamblin was silent also for a time. It would have been curious to
+know what he thought of himself at that particular moment, though
+doubtless he fully justified his conduct and regarded himself as an
+injured man. A gentleman so profoundly skilled in Greek as he was, with
+an invitation in his pocket to visit the king's chief minister, ought
+not to be expected to submit to the snubbing of a mere boy. The two
+professors sat in the state-room till the silence became painful, and
+till the anger of Mr. Hamblin had in a measure subsided.
+
+"I did not expect to see you take part with the boys, Mr. Stoute," said
+the learned gentleman, in a grieved tone.
+
+"If I take any part at all, I hope it will be on the right side,"
+replied Mr. Stoute.
+
+"Which means, I suppose, that I am on the wrong side," replied Mr.
+Hamblin, with a heavy sigh.
+
+"It means exactly that," added the other, candidly.
+
+"You think, then, that the boys have done precisely right--do you?"
+
+"Without saying that, I am compelled to believe you were in the wrong."
+
+"That boy threatened to arrest me," continued Mr. Hamblin, with
+something like a shudder; "and all the crew gave three cheers for
+Captain Kendall!"
+
+"I could hardly resist the temptation to join with them in giving the
+cheers," replied Mr. Stoute, consolingly. "The conduct of Captain
+Kendall filled me with admiration."
+
+"Mr. Stoute, do you consider that a proper remark to make to me?"
+
+"You will not understand anything but the plainest speech, and I intend
+to be perfectly candid with you. You interfered with the discipline of
+the vessel, and because the captain respectfully declined to recall the
+boat, you threw yourself into a passion, and behaved in a most
+ungentlemanly and undignified manner. Positively, sir, I am ashamed of
+you! You called the captain a puppy, sir!"
+
+"He's only a boy," answered Mr. Hamblin, in whom this plain talk seemed
+to create a doubt in regard to his conduct.
+
+"Any boy has the right to be treated like a gentleman when he behaves
+like one, even if his opinion does not agree with our own; and
+especially is this true of the captain."
+
+"He was utterly lacking in judgment. The conduct of McDougal was a
+personal matter, and Mr. Kendall should have consulted me."
+
+"Allowing that the captain was wrong,--though I do not think that he was
+wrong,--it does not improve the aspect of your conduct."
+
+"You think Mr. Lowington will not sustain me--do you?"
+
+"Certainly not."
+
+"I could hardly expect it, since he has a much higher regard for that
+boy than for me," sighed Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"It is eight o'clock, and time for the recitations to commence," said
+Mr. Stoute, consulting his watch. "You must decide at once what you
+intend to do."
+
+"What shall I do?" asked Mr. Hamblin, who had become fully conscious
+that he had involved himself in another "unpleasantness," and that the
+powers that be, unmindful of his claims, would probably decide against
+him.
+
+"Shall we hear the recitations? Are you willing to go into the steerage,
+and proceed with your classes?"
+
+"I am."
+
+Mr. Stoute had his doubts whether it would be prudent for him to do so;
+but he was satisfied that Captain Kendall could control the crew, even
+if they attempted a demonstration against the unpopular instructor.
+
+"If I had made so great a blunder as you have, Mr. Hamblin," added
+Professor Stoute, "I should go to the captain, and apologize to him."
+
+"Apologize to him!" exclaimed the _savant_.
+
+"Yes, sir."
+
+"To that boy, who insulted me, who threatened to arrest me, and send me
+in irons to the ship, who had the impudence to tell me that _he_ was the
+captain of this vessel! No, sir!"
+
+"Very well, sir; suit yourself; I am going to the steerage to attend to
+my classes."
+
+Without waiting for his associate's final decision as to what he
+intended to do, Mr. Stoute left the state-room. By this time Paul had
+recovered from the faintness which had oppressed him, and had ordered
+the first lieutenant to "pipe to recitations."
+
+"Are we to go on with the studies as usual, Captain Kendall?" asked Mr.
+Stoute, who could not help taking the hand of the young commander and
+warmly pressing it, though without any allusion in words to Professor
+Hamblin.
+
+"Certainly, sir; the students will not be allowed to neglect any regular
+duty," replied Paul.
+
+"After the cheers which were given on deck, there is danger of a
+disturbance."
+
+"No, sir; I think not. If any officer or seaman makes a disturbance, he
+shall be put under arrest instantly."
+
+"But suppose they all do it in concert."
+
+"They will not, sir;" but Paul spoke in hope rather than in faith, and
+dreaded the demonstration suggested by the professor.
+
+Mr. Stoute went into the steerage. The students were all there,
+including the crew of the cutter which had conveyed McDougal to the
+ship. They were more quiet and orderly than usual; but the calm often
+precedes the storm. Captain Kendall passed into the steerage, and his
+appearance was the signal for a general clapping of the hands, in which
+all the officers joined. That he had won the day in his dispute with the
+obnoxious professor; that he had threatened to arrest Mr. Hamblin, and
+send him in irons to the ship; that he had actually called the willing
+carpenter and boatswain to execute the anticipated order,--were more
+than enough to make the captain a hero with the ship's company. Boys
+worship pluck, and are not always particular that it should be displayed
+in a good cause.
+
+"Silence, if you please," said Paul, moved by the applause of the
+students.
+
+Silence came instantly, for the captain was a "little god" just then,
+and had more influence over the ship's company at that moment than ever
+before. It is true they regretted the fate of poor McDougal, but there
+was not one of them who did not believe that the captain was right in
+his estimate of the culprit's guilt.
+
+"I wish to ask a favor of you," continued Paul, in a rather embarrassed
+tone.
+
+A clapping of hands assured him that he could ask no favor that would
+not be unanimously granted.
+
+"Whatever happens, I wish you to make no disturbance, and no
+demonstrations of approval or dissent. Will you heed my request?"
+
+"We will!" shouted the students with one voice.
+
+"Thank you," replied Paul, who did not believe in a display of force
+before it was necessary.
+
+The boys commenced work upon their lessons, and the captain, passing
+through the steerage, went on deck to avoid the necessity of meeting Mr.
+Hamblin, whose step he heard in the passage-way leading from the cabin.
+As Paul disappeared, the obnoxious _savant_ entered the steerage. One of
+the students forward hissed, but his companions silenced him instantly;
+and it is probable, if the captain had not spoken to them, Mr. Hamblin
+would have been greeted with a general demonstration of disapprobation.
+
+The learned gentleman was evidently much embarrassed; but he was very
+quiet and subdued in his manner. He was less impatient and snappish than
+usual; said nothing about "stupidity" and "blundering," as was his
+habit. He seemed to be abstracted, as well he might; but while he
+displayed less enthusiasm in his teaching, he was infinitely more
+gentlemanly and kind. As he gave no occasion for any trouble, none came.
+Though the captain did not appear at any recitation conducted by him,
+the professor made no comment upon the circumstance.
+
+Paul was troubled, but he had made up his mind what to do. Either Mr.
+Hamblin must leave the Josephine, or he would respectfully ask to be
+relieved from the command of her. It was simply impossible to live with
+such a porcupine on board. It was a mystery to him that Mr. Lowington
+had procured the services of such an unsuitable instructor; but the
+fact was, that he had been engaged by the principal's agent on the
+strength of his classical attainments, rather than his fitness for the
+place. He had been so unpopular as a tutor and professor that no
+institution could long enjoy his services, valuable as they were in an
+intellectual point of view.
+
+At twelve o'clock orders came from Mr. Lowington to dismiss school, and
+to dress the Josephine for visitors. All hands were called, and in a
+short time the vessel wore her gayest attire. A line of flags was
+extended from the end of the jib-boom over the topmast-heads to the end
+of the main boom. The flag of Belgium, which consists of black, yellow,
+and red in equal parts, perpendicularly divided, floated at the foremast
+head. The Young America was similarly decorated, and the Victoria and
+Albert hoisted the royal standard of the United Kingdom, which is a
+magnificent affair, consisting of four squares, two, in opposite
+corners, being red, one blue and one yellow, with a harp and the lions
+and unicorns worked upon the squares.
+
+At half past twelve, the professors' barge, with the American flag in
+the stern, and the Belgian in the bow, put off from the ship and pulled
+to the Quai Vandyck. The eminent individual who was to be received by
+the squadron was no less a personage than the governor of the Province
+of Antwerp, an office once filled by the distinguished Charles Rogier,
+the present minister of foreign affairs.
+
+As the boat containing his excellency put off from the Quay, the yards
+of both vessels were manned. All the students were dressed in their best
+uniform, and the display was really quite imposing. The governor went
+on board of the ship, was duly cheered by the students, and he visited
+every part of the vessel. After he had partaken of a collation in the
+main cabin, he left the ship, accompanied by Mr. Lowington, and visited
+the Josephine. Everything appeared to the best advantage, and his
+excellency expressed himself as highly delighted with the naval
+institution.
+
+All the officers and professors were presented to the distinguished
+guest, who took a great deal of notice of Paul, and hardly any of Mr.
+Hamblin--a muddling of distinctions which sore puzzled and annoyed the
+_savant_. Not even Mr. Lowington could have suspected that the
+Josephines were in a state of feverish excitement, and had been almost
+in a state of mutiny, so fair and pleasant was the outside aspect of the
+ship's company. The governor, having completed his inspection of the
+vessel, invited all the officers to dine with him, and was then landed
+with as much ceremony as he had been received.
+
+Mr. Lowington accompanied the governor to the quay, and on his return he
+went on board of the Josephine to announce his programme for a visit to
+several of the cities of Belgium. All hands were called, and were
+informed that the next three days would be devoted to sight-seeing, and
+that the students would take the train for Ghent at half past two. The
+ship's company heard the intelligence with a coolness which did not
+escape the notice of the principal; but he soon received an explanation
+of this apparent indifference.
+
+"I am very sorry, Mr. Lowington," said Professor Hamblin, stepping up
+to him, as he descended from the hatch, "to be again compelled to
+complain to you of the misconduct of Mr. Kendall. This morning he
+threatened to arrest me and send me in irons on board of the ship--_me_,
+sir! He actually sent for the boatswain and carpenter for this purpose."
+
+"Captain Kendall!" exclaimed the principal, annoyed beyond measure at
+this recital of grievance. "There must have been some strong
+provocation."
+
+"Could anything justify such a threat, or such a course?"
+
+"We will not speak of this subject here," added the principal, when he
+saw that the eyes of every student on board were fixed upon them.
+
+"Something should be done immediately," replied Mr. Hamblin, decidedly.
+
+"I have not time to hear the case now. We take the train for Ghent in
+less than an hour. I will see you in the railway carriage."
+
+Mr. Lowington moved towards the gangway, where the barge was waiting for
+him; but Paul, his cheeks all aglow, stepped up to him, and touched his
+cap.
+
+"Mr. Lowington," said he, "I wish to make a complaint against Mr.
+Hamblin. He interferes with the discipline of the vessel, is very
+insulting to me; and I must ask that he be removed from the Josephine,
+or that I may be permitted to resign."
+
+"I am very sorry you are having any trouble here; but I cannot stay now
+to hear about it. I will see you on the train."
+
+"Excuse me, one moment, Mr. Lowington," added the _savant_ of the
+Josephine, as the principal was going over the side. "I wish to inquire
+if we make any stay in Brussels?"
+
+"We shall probably remain there one day."
+
+"I have an invitation to visit Monsieur Rogier, the chief minister of
+the King of Belgium, and should like to accept it," added Mr. Hamblin,
+who thought it would be well for the principal to know this fact before
+he thought much of the difficulty between himself and the captain.
+
+"You will have ample time," answered Mr. Lowington, as he stepped over
+the side into the boat.
+
+At two o'clock all hands embarked in a ferry-boat, which conveyed them
+to the Tête de Flandre, opposite Antwerp, where the Ghent railway
+station is located. By the good offices of the governor of Antwerp, a
+special train had been procured for their accommodation, and the
+carriages were to be at the disposal of the principal for the entire
+round of the Belgian cities. By this arrangement, the tourists were
+enabled to make the tour in the brief space allotted to it. They were to
+spend a day in the capital, but only one or two hours in each of the
+other places.
+
+In Belgium about two thirds of all the railways are owned or leased by
+the government, which runs the roads, and even those which are in the
+hands of corporations will eventually revert to the state. They are
+exceedingly well managed, and very few accidents occur upon them; but
+they run at a low rate of speed, compared with the English railways. The
+fares are about three cents a mile, which is below the average in
+Europe.
+
+Mr. Lowington selected a compartment in one of the carriages, and
+arranged his party so as to transact the disagreeable business on hand
+during the trip. Dr. Winstock and Paul sat at one end of the section,
+and Mr. Stoute and Terrill at the other, while Mr. Lowington and
+Professor Hamblin occupied the middle seats. The two students were
+allowed to occupy the places at the windows, so that they could see the
+country which they passed through; for the principal deemed this as
+important for them as their lessons; in fact, it was a study of
+geography. The train moved off, bearing the company through a low
+country, not very attractive in itself, though the little farms,
+gardens, villages and towns were full of interest to young men like
+Paul.
+
+"Now, Mr. Hamblin, I am ready to hear your complaints," said Mr.
+Lowington, after the train had passed out of the station. "Captain
+Kendall, you may give your attention to it, though you can look out of
+the window at the same time."
+
+"Am I to be confronted with that boy?" demanded the professor,
+indignantly.
+
+"That boy!" replied Mr. Lowington. "I am to hear what you and Captain
+Kendall have to say. Go on, if you please, sir."
+
+"You will remember that one of the students, McDougal, was sent on board
+of the ship, this morning," Mr. Hamblin began, though he was utterly
+disgusted because he was obliged to make his complaint in the presence
+of Paul.
+
+"I remember it."
+
+"The offence which that boy committed was against me personally. As he
+explained the case to me, and made a very humble apology, I was willing
+to forgive him. I intimated to the officer of the deck that he need not
+report the matter to the captain; but it was reported to the captain,
+and when I went on deck, after breakfast, I found the students had been
+assembled. Mr. Kendall addressed them, with which I had no fault to
+find. But you can judge of my astonishment when he called up McDougal,
+and ordered a boat to convey him on board of the ship, thus subjecting
+him to the severest punishment known to the students of the Josephine.
+
+"I deemed it my duty to interfere, which I did in the most civil manner.
+I respectfully protested against the action of the captain. I say I
+deemed it my duty to interfere."
+
+Mr. Hamblin paused, and looked at the principal. He wished him to say
+that he also deemed it his duty to interfere; but Mr. Lowington did not
+say that, or anything else, and waited till the professor was ready to
+proceed.
+
+"I remonstrated with Mr, Kendall, and he saw fit to disregard my
+protest. I demanded that his order should be rescinded; but he was
+haughty and impudent in his manner. He told me that the boy should be
+sent to the ship. He appeared to be utterly wanting in judgment, though,
+up to this time, I had remonstrated only in the mildest terms. He
+informed me, in the most offensive manner, that he was the captain of
+the vessel."
+
+At this point Mr. Lowington bit his lips, to repress a smile which was
+involuntarily manifesting itself on his face.
+
+"Finally, sir, he sent for the boatswain and carpenter, and threatened
+to have me conveyed to the ship in irons. It was not enough to say he
+would send me to the ship, but he would send me in irons! Did ever a boy
+speak to a man like that before? In college, academy, and school, I have
+always been master; but here I find myself subject to the will of a
+stripling of sixteen or seventeen!"
+
+Mr. Hamblin finished his narrative, set his teeth tight together, and
+threw himself back in his seat to await the decision of the principal.
+
+"Captain Kendall, I will hear your version of this affair," said Mr.
+Lowington, mildly.
+
+The professor made a movement as if to spring to his feet. The
+proceedings seemed to be very irregular. He wanted the decision made
+upon his statement; and it appeared like an insult to him to ask a
+student for his version of the affair after the instructor had spoken.
+
+"When I was informed that McDougal had directed the hose-pipe at Mr.
+Hamblin," said Paul, "I decided to make an example of him; for I had a
+hint that the students intended to annoy the senior professor, and this
+was the third time something had happened to him. I was satisfied that
+the act was done on purpose, though I could not prove it."
+
+"It was not done on purpose," interposed Mr. Hamblin, wrathfully.
+"McDougal, on his knees--"
+
+"You will be kind enough not to interrupt Captain Kendall," said Mr.
+Lowington, mildly, but firmly.
+
+"I decided to send him on board of the ship, and directed the second
+lieutenant to report the circumstances to you. Before the boat had
+shoved off, Mr. Hamblin called me aside, and objected to my action. He
+said the affair was personal with him, and he was surprised that I had
+interfered with it. I replied that the matter affected the discipline of
+the crew, and that I should send McDougal on board of the ship. He was
+angry then, spoke of my lack of judgment, and said the boy should not be
+sent to the ship. I told him then, as decidedly as I knew how, that I
+commanded the vessel."
+
+"Yes, sir; that _he_ commanded the vessel!" said Mr. Hamblin, with much
+excitement.
+
+"Go on, Captain Kendall," added Mr. Lowington.
+
+"He used some strong language then, and I told him I had nothing more to
+say. As I was walking away, he told me to stop, and called me a puppy.
+He repeated the expression, and then I sent for Mr. Cleats and Mr. Gage.
+They came, and I informed Mr. Hamblin that if he applied another
+offensive epithet to me, I would send him on board the ship in irons."
+
+"Yes, sir! send _me_ to the ship in irons! Could you have conceived of
+such an indignity?" exclaimed the professor. "Am I a common sailor? Am I
+a servant? Am I a student? or am I the senior professor of the consort?"
+
+"Did you speak to Captain Kendall of his lack of judgment, Mr. Hamblin?"
+asked the principal.
+
+"I did, most assuredly; and I am free to say that a child would have
+exhibited more judgment than he did," replied the professor, warmly.
+
+"Did you say that McDougal should not be sent on board of the ship?"
+
+"I did; it was an outrage upon the boy after he had begged my pardon
+with his knees on the wet deck; and it was an outrage upon me, who had
+forgiven his offence."
+
+"Did you call Captain Kendall a puppy on the quarter-deck of the
+Josephine?"
+
+"I don't know whether it was on the quarter-deck or the half-deck."
+
+"Oblige me by answering my question."
+
+"Perhaps I did," replied Mr. Hamblin, looking upon the floor of the
+carriage; for this, he was conscious, was his weak point.
+
+"I must ask you either to affirm or deny that portion of Captain
+Kendall's complaint."
+
+"If I did, it was because I had been snubbed and insulted by a pupil."
+
+"You do not answer me, sir."
+
+"I did; and I am willing to acknowledge it was highly improper; but I
+was--"
+
+"It is not necessary to explain it," interposed Mr, Lowington. "I desire
+now only to obtain the facts. You applied this epithet twice to Captain
+Kendall--did you?"
+
+"Possibly I did. I was much excited."
+
+"Affirm or deny it, if you please."
+
+"I will grant that I did, though I do not now distinctly remember. It
+was wrong for me to use such language under any circumstances, but I
+have not been in the habit of being snubbed by my pupils."
+
+"Is there any other material fact you wish to add, Mr. Hamblin?" asked
+the principal.
+
+"Nothing more is needed, I think," replied the professor, who really
+believed that he had overwhelmed Paul, in spite of the conscious
+disadvantage he labored under in having used intemperate language
+himself. "It is plain enough that Mr. Kendall and I cannot get along
+together in the same vessel."
+
+"That is plain enough," added Mr. Lowington. "I had requested Professor
+Stoute and Mr. Terrill to take seats in this carriage in order to afford
+any information we might need; but I find the facts in the case are not
+disputed. On the material points, there is no difference of statement
+between Mr. Hamblin and Captain Kendall. I shall reserve my decision
+till we return to the vessels."
+
+"It will be impossible for me to do my duty to the students on board of
+the Josephine while Mr. Kendall is in command of her," said the
+professor, who wanted the decision at once, so confident was he that the
+principal could not sustain the young commander this time.
+
+"I shall arrange it so that you and Captain Kendall will no longer sail
+in the same vessels."
+
+That was very indefinite, but something was to be done; and this was all
+the comfort the professor received. Paul was much agitated, and Dr.
+Winstock talked to him for half an hour before he could fix his
+attention upon the novelties of the country hurried in panorama before
+him.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XII.
+
+"IN BELGIUM'S CAPITAL."
+
+
+"Gand!" shouted the guard, as he walked along the step before the doors
+of the compartments, just as the train entered the station.
+
+"I suppose that means Ghent," said Paul.
+
+"Yes; Gand is the French name of the place," replied Dr. Winstock.
+"There are many cities in Europe which you would not recognize by their
+foreign appellations."
+
+As the train stopped the whistle of the Young America's boatswain called
+the students together, and Mr. Lowington told them they could stay only
+two hours in the place.
+
+"Ghent is situated at the junction of the River Lys with the Scheldt,"
+said Professor Mapps, who, to the astonishment of the boys, seemed to be
+plumed for a lecture. "The numerous branches of these rivers, either
+natural or artificial, form canals which extend in all directions
+through the city. The town may be said to be composed of twenty-six
+islands, which are connected together by no less than eighty bridges.
+The grand canal extends from the lower Scheldt to the town, by means of
+which ships drawing eighteen feet can come up to the basin. All these
+canals are navigable for boats or vessels. It is surrounded by a wall
+seven or eight miles in extent, for its defence. On the grand canal,
+half way between the city and the West Scheldt, there are sluices, by
+which the whole country could be laid under water in case of invasion by
+an enemy.
+
+"Ghent has been called the Manchester of Belgium, on account of its
+being so largely engaged in cotton manufactures. Its factories are
+operated by steam power. The population in 1863 was one hundred and
+twenty-two thousand. The cultivation of flowers is largely carried on
+here, there being about four hundred hot-houses in the immediate
+vicinity of the city.
+
+"Ghent is a very old city, and occupies a prominent place in history. In
+the days of Charles the Bold it was the capital of Flanders. Charles V.,
+Emperor of Germany, was born here. It was formerly a city of vast
+importance, and at one time its wealth and power had increased to such
+an extent, that it was regarded as the rival of Paris. '_Je mettrais
+Paris dans mon Gand_,' Charles V. used to say, as he proudly
+contemplated this great city. What does it mean?"
+
+"I could put Paris into my glove," replied one of the French scholars
+near the professor. "But _gant_ is the French word for _glove_."
+
+"Near enough for a pun, and much nearer than modern punsters often get
+it," continued Mr. Mapps. "Ghent, in former days, had the reputation of
+being a turbulent city, and its people were bold and warlike. They have
+always been forward in asserting and defending their liberties; and you
+will find that the burghers of Ghent figure largely in Mr. Motley's
+Histories. I will not detain you longer now, but, as we pass through the
+city, I shall have something more to say about its historic character."
+
+A sufficient number of vehicles had been gathered during the professor's
+lecture to enable the students to make the most of their limited time in
+Ghent. They went first to the _Beffroi_, or Belfry-tower. It is a kind
+of watch-tower, two hundred and eighty feet high, built in the twelfth
+century. The structure is square, and is surmounted by a gilt dragon. It
+contains a chime of bells, and a huge bell weighing five tons. The
+records of the city were formerly kept in the lower part of the
+building, which is now degraded into a prison. The entrance to the tower
+is through a shop, and the view from the top is very fine.
+
+The Cathedral of St. Bavon, the Church of St. Michael, and the Hôtel de
+Ville, or Town Hall, were pointed out, and the carriages stopped in the
+Marché au Vendredi, a large square, or market-place, which takes its
+name from the day on which the sale is held. The phrase means Friday
+Market. Mr. Mapps explained the use of the square, and pointed out the
+ancient buildings with Flemish gables, which look like a flight of
+stairs on each slope, which surrounds it.
+
+"This was the grand meeting-place of the citizens of Ghent," he
+continued; "the counts of Flanders were inaugurated here with great
+ceremony and splendor. Here the trades-unions, or societies of weavers,
+used to meet. Here the standard of rebellion was planted, and the people
+rallied around it to overthrow their oppressors. Here Jacques van
+Artevelde, the Brewer of Ghent, encountered a hostile association, and
+fought one of the most furious combats known in history. He was called
+the Brewer of Ghent, because, though of noble family, he joined the
+society of brewers to flatter the vanity of the lower classes. His
+partisans were chiefly weavers, and his opponents the fullers. In the
+midst of the strife the host--the consecrated bread and wine of the
+Catholic mass--was brought into the square, in order to separate the
+furious artisans; but it was disregarded, and the bodies of fifteen
+hundred citizens were left on this spot.
+
+"Van Artevelde, whose statue you see before you," added the professor,
+pointing to the object, "was a person of great influence. He was the
+ally of Edward III. of England, and had raised himself to the position
+of _Ruwaert_, or Protector of Flanders, by banishing its hereditary
+counts. By his advice, the King of England had added the _fleur de lis_,
+or lilies of France, to the British arms, claiming to be King of France.
+He courted the aid of the Flemish people, who were very powerful,--for
+it was said that Ghent alone could furnish eighty thousand fighting
+men,--in order to establish his claim to rule France.
+
+"Edward obtained the assistance of the Flemings; but he did not conquer
+France, though he gained some splendid victories, in which the famous
+Black Prince figured. Van Artevelde began to dread the vengeance of the
+hereditary counts of Flanders, whose power he had usurped, and in 1344
+he invited Edward to meet him at Sluis. Here the Brewer proposed to make
+Edward's son--the Black Prince--sovereign of Flanders, in order to
+secure the protection of England. He relied upon his influence with the
+citizens to induce them to submit to this arrangement; but the stout
+burghers rejected the proposal with contempt and indignation.
+
+"During Van Arteveldt's absence, a popular insurrection was fomented
+against him; and, on his return, as he rode through the streets, he was
+made conscious of the storm that was brewing against the Brewer. He went
+to his house, and barricaded the doors; but the street was soon filled
+by the mob. He addressed them from a window; but they would not hear
+him, and he attempted to escape by a back door into an adjoining church.
+Failing to accomplish this purpose, the infuriated people broke in upon
+him, and he was killed.
+
+"In this square, also, were kindled the fires of the Inquisition by the
+Duke of Alva, at the command of Philip II., and thousands perished in
+the barbarous persecution.
+
+"The rebellious spirit of the people of Ghent was very trying to Charles
+V. He demanded of them an enormous sum of money, to enable him to carry
+on a war against France. The burghers put the town in a state of
+defence, and privately offered their allegiance to Francis I. of France.
+He declined the offer, and maliciously informed Charles of it, who
+marched an army through France to punish the treason of his subjects in
+Ghent. Commanding this army in person, he reached the gates of the city,
+and surrounded its walls, before the people were aware of his presence.
+
+"The utmost consternation prevailed in the town, and messengers were
+sent to the emperor to sue for forgiveness. Without granting any terms
+to the rebels, he imperiously demanded that the gates should be opened.
+His command was obeyed, and the Spanish army marched into the town. The
+Duke of Alva suggested that the entire city should be destroyed; but
+Charles satisfied himself with beheading fourteen of the ringleaders of
+the rebellion, and confiscating their property. The principal officers
+of the city were ordered to appear before the emperor barefoot and
+bare-headed, clothed in black gowns, and with halters around their
+necks. They were compelled to sue for pardon on their knees. As an
+additional penalty, the magistrates were forbidden to appear in public
+without a halter on their necks, as a badge of their ignominy. The rope
+was worn; but, in the lapse of time, it became a silken cord, tied in a
+true-lover's knot, and was regarded as an ornament which the magistrate
+could not dispense with.
+
+"In 1570, when the people attempted to shake off the Spanish rule, the
+citadel or fortress at the Porte d'Anvers (which has been demolished)
+was besieged by the Prince of Orange. It was gallantly defended by the
+Spaniards for a long time; but, at last, three thousand of the burghers
+of Ghent, clothed in white shirts as a distinguishing mark, assaulted
+the citadel. Their scaling-ladders were not long enough, and the attack
+failed. On the following day, while preparations were in progress to
+renew the attack, the Spaniards capitulated. When suitable terms had
+been agreed upon, the garrison, only one hundred and fifty in number,
+marched out under the command of a woman. It appeared then that the
+governor of the fortress was absent, and that the Spaniards had been
+commanded, during the protracted siege, by his wife."
+
+This was rather a long speech to be made in the public square; but the
+boys, interested in the professor's remarks, gathered closely around
+him; and it is not probable that many of the Ghenters who had been
+attracted to the square by the unwonted scene understood a word that was
+said. The carriages next proceeded to the Béguinage, a kind of convent
+or nunnery. The establishment is a little town by itself, with streets,
+squares, and gates, and is surrounded by a wall and moat. In the centre
+there is a church. The houses are occupied by the Béguines, a sisterhood
+of nuns in Belgium which has six thousand members. They are bound by no
+vows, as ordinary nuns are, and may therefore return to the world at
+pleasure, marry, and come back in their widowhood. They act as Sisters
+of Charity in the city, and some of them are wealthy; but all wear the
+garb of the order. There are about six hundred of them in this colony.
+On the door of each house is the name of the patron saint of the
+occupant.
+
+The drive was continued through some of the principal streets of Ghent;
+and, within a few moments of the appointed time, the students were again
+seated in the railway carriages. The road to Bruges extends along the
+side of the canal from Ostend to Ghent, which has high banks, lined
+nearly all the way with tall trees. The view from the windows of the
+train was interesting rather than picturesque. In an hour the train
+stopped at its destination; but it was after six o'clock, and there was
+no time for Professor Mapps to make any long speeches, though Bruges
+had a history hardly less exciting than that of Ghent. It takes its name
+from the great number of _bridges_ which it contains; for the place,
+like Ghent, is cut up by canals.
+
+Bruges was once a rich and powerful city, reputed to contain two hundred
+thousand inhabitants; but, like nearly all the Flemish cities, it has
+declined from its former grandeur, and now contains only fifty-one
+thousand, nearly a third of whom are paupers. In the fifteenth century,
+the Dukes of Burgundy held their court here; it had an immense foreign
+commerce, and its warehouses were filled with the silks and woollens
+manufactured in the vicinity. All this has passed away, the town has the
+aspect of a ruined place, and its lofty and elegant public
+buildings--the remains of former prosperity--seem to mock its present
+desolation.
+
+Fine houses may be hired in Bruges at a rent of from sixty to a hundred
+dollars a year. It is said that a house has not been built in the city
+for a century, for the reason that its diminishing inhabitants were more
+than supplied by those which had once accommodated four times its
+present population. The place is dead and dull. The streets are nearly
+empty. A man-servant finds himself upon a hundred dollars a year, and a
+French teacher charges twenty cents an hour for his services.
+
+The Church of Notre Dame contains the tombs of Charles the Bold and of
+his daughter Mary. La Chapelle du Saint Sang takes its name from several
+drops of the blood of the Savior, which are said to have been brought
+from the Holy Land. They were presented to the town, and are kept in a
+richly jewelled shrine, which is exhibited to visitors at half a franc a
+head. The famous order of the Knights of the Golden Fleece, so often
+mentioned by Motley, whose emblems are seen in many of the churches of
+Belgium, was established at Bruges, by Philip the Good, Duke of
+Burgundy. The weavers of Flanders had carried the manufacture of wool to
+a degree of perfection which added greatly to the prosperity of the
+country, and the Golden Fleece was a fitting symbol of the industry of
+the people, as well as a compliment to their skill.
+
+The great point of interest in Bruges to the students of the squadron
+was "The Belfry of Bruges," which Longfellow has celebrated in his poem
+of that name, and in the "Carillon." It is a beautiful Gothic tower, on
+an antique building known as _Les Halles_, or The Market, a part of
+which was intended for a meat market, and a part for a cloth hall. The
+spire, or belfry, is two hundred and ninety feet high. It contains the
+finest set of chimes in Europe. They play four times an hour, and their
+music is almost incessant. The machinery by which they are operated
+consists of an immense metallic cylinder, or drum, covered all over with
+cogs and pins, like that in a music-box. As this drum turns by the
+action of a huge weight, the pins strike against the levers that
+communicate with the bells. For half an hour on Sunday they are played
+by hand, as at Antwerp.
+
+The praise bestowed upon the chimes seemed to the students to be well
+merited. There is nothing more touching and beautiful than the music of
+these bells. The boys could not help taking in the inspiration they
+imparted; and when it transpired that Mr. Modelle, the professor of
+elocution, had a copy of Longfellow in his pocket, they almost
+unanimously insisted that the poems relating to the scene should be
+read. They gathered around him, the circle closely flanked by the men,
+women, and children of the dull old town, who had apparently been roused
+from their lethargy by the advent of the young Americans. In his deep
+bass tones he read the Carillon first.
+
+   "In the ancient town of Bruges,
+   In the quaint old Flemish city,
+   As the evening shades descended,
+   Low and loud, and sweetly blended,
+   Low at times and loud at times,
+   And changing like a poet's rhymes,
+   Rang the beautiful wild chimes
+   From the belfry in the market
+   Of the ancient town of Bruges."
+
+The students listened with almost breathless interest till the last line
+of the "Belfry" was read; there was something so grand and beautiful in
+the poem itself, as the images of the past are brought up,--
+
+   "I beheld the pageants, splendid,
+   That adorned those days of old:
+   Stately dames like queens attended,
+   Knights who bore the Fleece of Gold,"--
+
+and something in the association of the living lines with the real
+belfry of Bruges before them, that the impression was one to be
+remembered for years.
+
+After a hasty walk through a couple of the ancient streets of the city,
+the students returned to the railroad station, and the train started for
+Brussels, a ride of about two hours from Bruges. It was half past nine
+when they arrived at the capital of Belgium. The party were greeted by
+Mr. Fluxion, who had been sent direct from Antwerp to make arrangements
+for their stay over night. Captain Kendall, his officers and crew, were
+sent to the Hôtel Royal in the Rue Fossé aux Loups. It was a small
+hotel, but very nice and comfortable. Mr. Molenschot, the proprietor,
+spoke English, but he appeared to be the only person in the house who
+could do so. He was very polite and attentive to the students, and spoke
+familiarly and pleasantly to them about "my hotel."
+
+Mr. Fluxion himself had a faculty for keeping a hotel, and understood
+precisely what tired travellers wanted when they came in late in the
+evening; and he had ordered, in addition to the _thé complet_, the
+_bif-stek_ and _pomme de terre_. The boys were as hungry as wolves, and
+the solid part of the entertainment was very inviting. Each dish of
+beefsteak was covered over with nicely browned fried potatoes. In a few
+moments there was hardly a vestige of the feast remaining on the table.
+
+The Young America's ship's company were quartered at the Hôtel de
+l'Univers, and the Hôtel de Suède, so that the party was separated; and
+Paul was rather glad of it, because there were some belonging to the
+ship who were not influenced by the motives which prevailed in the
+Josephine. He could control his crew, even without the aid of Mr.
+Fluxion, who, with several of the professors also lodged at the Royal.
+
+They were a jolly party at the supper table; and as none of the waiters
+spoke a word of English, there was a great deal of fun made in giving
+their orders; but everybody was remarkably good-natured, including the
+waiters themselves.
+
+"Waiter," called Lynch, who, as a general rule, was not guilty of
+knowing much about any of his studies, "bring me the _bur_."
+
+The servant took no notice of him.
+
+"Call him a _garçon_" said Grossbeck.
+
+"_Garçon!_" shouted Lynch.
+
+"_Monsieur_," replied the man.
+
+"Bring me the _bur_."
+
+"You might as well call for a Canada thistle," laughed Duncan, who was
+one of the best French scholars in the Josephine.
+
+"I want some butter; I have eaten up all the _bif-stek_, and all the
+_pomme de terres_, and now I want some bread and butter. These fellows
+don't understand their own language."
+
+"_M'apportez du beurre_," added Duncan.
+
+"_Oui, oui, oui!_" exclaimed the waiter, producing the required article.
+
+"That's the idea," replied Lynch; "that man's improving. But this
+_beurre_ is so fresh I can't eat it; I want some salt."
+
+"Call for it, then," laughed Duncan.
+
+"I will; here's a go. _Garçon_, mapperty sellier!"
+
+"Good!" roared Duncan. "If we had a saddle of mutton for supper, I
+should suppose you would want what you called for."
+
+"I want the salt."
+
+"I thought you did; and that's the reason why you called for a saddler."
+
+"I didn't call for any saddler. I said _sellier_."
+
+"Precisely so; and that is a saddler."
+
+"What shall I say?"
+
+"_Sel._"
+
+"_Sel_; _sellier_. Well, I knew there was a sell about it somewhere."
+
+"Precisely; but you were sold. I advise you not to make any long
+speeches in French."
+
+"You may bet your life I shall not," replied Lynch.
+
+"Just mention the thing you want in one word; then you won't confuse
+_garçon's_ intellect by flooding it with ideas."
+
+"_Garçon--sel_," added Lynch, acting upon this excellent advice.
+
+The waiter brought the _sel_, and nobody was sold this time.
+
+"I think I shall pick up the French language in time," added Lynch,
+encouraged by his success.
+
+"Perhaps you will, but the Hôtel Royal will have crumbled to dust before
+that happy event occurs."
+
+There was any quantity of blunders made at the table, and some of the
+students had nearly choked themselves to death with laughing at them,
+and at the blank looks of the waiters when spoken to in a tongue which
+Mr. Fluxion declared sounded more like Low Dutch than decent French. Mr.
+Molenschot laughed too, and intimated that "my hotel" had never been so
+lively before.
+
+"What now, Captain Kendall?" said Mr. Fluxion, when the supper and the
+blunders had ended.
+
+"My officers and crew wish to take a little walk," replied Paul.
+
+"What! to-night?. It is after ten o'clock."
+
+"They wish to see how 'Belgium's capital' looks in the evening."
+
+"Of course you can do as you think best; but I advise you to be cautious
+with them. They may get into trouble in a strange city, or get lost. If
+some of them can't speak French any better than they did at supper, they
+will have to go to the watch-house, because they can't ask the way
+back."
+
+"They can say _Hôtel Royal_. None of my crew have ever got into trouble
+since the ship's company was organized," added Paul, who wanted to go
+out himself, and could not deny to others what he took himself.
+
+The permission was given to walk till eleven o'clock, but the boys were
+admonished to behave properly, and to return punctually. Lynch and
+Grossbeck, who still clung together as fast friends, left the hotel in
+company.
+
+"This is jolly--isn't it?" said Lynch, as they passed out of the Rue
+Fossé aux Loups into the Place de la Monnaie, a small square in front of
+the Théâtre Royal.
+
+"For less than an hour," added Grossbeck, gloomily.
+
+"We don't understand French, and so we can't tell what time it is,"
+laughed Lynch.
+
+"That won't go down. We were told to be back at eleven."
+
+"But if we don't know what time it is, we can't be tied to the
+bell-rope."
+
+"No use; the captain knows the boom from the bobstay, and if he isn't a
+Knight of the Golden Fleece, you can't pull wool over his eyes. You know
+he put McDougal through this morning."
+
+"Well, come along. We'll have a good time while it does last," replied
+Lynch, apparently appalled by recalling the summary treatment of his
+shipmate.
+
+"Everybody seems to be having a good time here," said Grossbeck, as they
+passed a _café_, in front of which were a great number of small tables,
+at which gentlemen were drinking, smoking, and carrying on noisy
+conversation. "I don't see any reason why we should not. What are they
+drinking there?"
+
+"Beer, or wine, I suppose," answered Lynch, as he led the way he knew
+not whither, turning to the left, because the street in that direction
+looked more lively than the others.
+
+There was nothing to be seen, as most of the shops were closed; but they
+continued on their way till they came to a kind of arcade, a building
+which contained a broad passage-way, opening from the street, with a
+large number of little shops on either side.
+
+The interior was brilliantly lighted, and most of the small stores were
+devoted to fancy goods and other showy articles. The young seamen
+entered the arcade, in which many people were promenading.
+
+"They say this city is a second edition of Paris on a small scale,"
+continued Lynch. "This is very well got up; but from what I have seen of
+the town, it looks like a one-horse city. The streets are not much wider
+than a cow-path."
+
+"But they say it is like Paris," added Grossbeck.
+
+"My eyes! there's a clock that speaks English! It is half past ten,"
+exclaimed Lynch. "But I'm not going back to the Hôtel Royal till I've
+had a little fun. There's a what-you-call-it, where they sell wine.
+Let's go in, and see what it's like."
+
+The place indicated was a wine-shop, and the two boys entered, seating
+themselves at one of the little tables. The prompt waiter came to them,
+bowed and scraped, and flourished a napkin, and hinted that he would be
+happy to take their order.
+
+"What will you have, Grossbeck?"
+
+"I'll take a glass of wine."
+
+"Let's see you take it!" laughed Lynch. "What shall we call for? I don't
+remember a word of French, now that I want to use it."
+
+"Perhaps the _garçon_ can speak English. Ask him."
+
+"Ask him? What shall I say?"
+
+"O, I know. _Parlez-vous Angleterre?_" added Grossbeck, turning to the
+waiter.
+
+"_Non, monsieur_," replied the waiter, who did not speak "England."
+
+"O, confound it! What's the Dutch for wine?" demanded Lynch,
+impatiently.
+
+"I know--_eau de vie_. _Garçon, eau de vie_," replied Grossbeck,
+confidently.
+
+The waiter disappeared, and presently returned with a small decanter and
+two minute wine-glasses.
+
+"I knew _eau de vie_ would bring it," added Grossbeck, as he filled the
+little glasses.
+
+"That's pretty strong wine," said Lynch, when he had swallowed the
+contents of the glass with a very wry face.
+
+"That's so."
+
+They looked about them till the clock indicated that it was time to
+start for the hotel; but they decided to repeat the dose from the
+decanter, and did so.
+
+"That's the strongest wine I ever drank," said Grossbeck.
+
+"How much is it?" asked Lynch.
+
+"Let's see--_combien?_"
+
+"_Un franc cinquante centimes_," replied the waiter, after he had
+glanced at a gauge on the decanter which indicated the quantity of the
+fiery fluid that had been consumed.
+
+Neither of them could understand the answer, and Grossbeck handed the
+_garçon_ a franc. The man shook his head, and held out his hand for
+more. Lynch gave him another franc, and he returned a half franc piece.
+
+"_Pour boire?_" said the man with a winning smile.
+
+"Poor bwar! Who's he?" demanded Lynch, in whose head the strong water
+was producing its effect. "He means 'poor boy.' I say, Grossbeck, does
+he think I'm--I'm sizzled? I feel so myself. Come, let's go."
+
+They rose, and moved in a serpentine path to the door.
+
+"_Pour boire?_" repeated the _garçon_, following them.
+
+"That's what's the matter. I'm a poor boy! I was a fool to drink more'n
+one nip of your camphene," hickuped Lynch. "Here, old fellow, here's a
+half of one of those francs. Don't say nothing more about it. I'm a poor
+boy, but I shall get over it."
+
+The young tippler handed the half-franc piece to the waiter, who bowed,
+scraped, flourished his napkin, and fled.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XIII.
+
+THREE CHEERS FOR THE KING OF BELGIUM.
+
+
+"I say, Grossbeck, you and I are two bigger fools than Napoleon was when
+he went to Russia," said Lynch, as they reached the street again.
+
+"That's so. 'There was a sound of revelry by night, and Belgium's
+capital'--got considerably mixed," replied Grossbeck, whose head was not
+quite so full as his companion's.
+
+"What shall we do, my boy?" stammered Lynch. "That wine was nothing
+short of camphene. We shall be seen by the captain, and we shall both be
+sent to keep company with poor McDougal. We've lost our mess on the
+Josephine."
+
+"Stiffen up, Lynch. Don't give way to it. What sort of a sailor are you,
+that can't bear two thimblefuls of wine?"
+
+"That wine was camphene, I tell you. It feels just like a whole bunch of
+friction matches touched off at once in my stomach--that's so. I'm a
+poor boy and no mistake, Grossbeck."
+
+Lynch suddenly stopped, and grasped his companion by the arm.
+
+"What's the matter," demanded Grossbeck.
+
+"It's no use for me to drink wine. The _eau de vie_ carries too many
+guns for me. I'll tell you what I'm going to do. I'm going to get out of
+this scrape."
+
+"So am I; but come along, or we shall be late."
+
+"I'm going to join the temperance society, and never drink any more
+wine--not another drop of _eau de vie_ for me."
+
+Lynch evidently felt that he had got into trouble for nothing; that the
+satisfaction of drinking the firewater was very unsatisfactory in the
+end. He had sense enough left to see that disgrace and degradation
+awaited him, and he dreaded the prompt action of Captain Kendall, as
+exhibited in the case of McDougal. While still suffering from the
+effects of the tipple, he resolved to drink no more; but pledges made in
+the heat of intoxication are not the most hopeful ones.
+
+The boosy youngsters worried along the street; but instead of turning to
+the right, into the Rue de la Monnaie, they went straight ahead, and
+were soon lost in a maze of narrow streets. They were conscious that
+they had gone astray, and looked in vain for the square in front of the
+Théâtre Royal, which they had marked as an objective point. At last they
+came across a solitary policeman, who paused on his walk to observe
+their unsteady tramp.
+
+"Hôtel Royal?" said Grossbeck, addressing the officer.
+
+"_Oui_," replied the man, pointing in the direction from which they had
+come, and leading the way himself.
+
+In a few moments they reached the square they had missed, and Grossbeck
+recognized the flaming signs of a large clothing store, on the corner
+of the street in which the hotel was located.
+
+"Thank you. I am very much obliged to you," said he to the policeman, as
+he pointed to the street.
+
+"_Oui_," replied the officer, solemnly, though the grateful
+acknowledgments of the juvenile tippler were lost upon him, except so
+far as he could interpret them by the motions of the speaker.
+
+"I feel meaner than Napoleon did after the battle of Waterloo," groaned
+Lynch.
+
+"Stiffen up, now. Here's the hotel," added Grossbeck.
+
+"Well, what shall we do? I can't walk straight, and my head spins round
+like a top," pleaded Lynch.
+
+"Dry up. Starch your back-bone. Here comes a lot of the fellows."
+
+"Who are they?" asked Lynch, trying to stiffen his back, and get the
+bearings of his head.
+
+The party approaching proved to be half a dozen of "our fellows," who
+stopped, and immediately discovered the condition of the two hopefuls.
+
+"I say, McKeon, can't you help us out?" said Grossbeck.
+
+"Ay, ay; certainly we can," replied "our fellows," in concert, as they
+gathered closely around the inebriates, and, thus encircling them,
+marched into the hotel.
+
+"Keep still, Lynch; don't say a word," whispered Grossbeck, as they
+entered the hall, effectually concealed from the observation of the
+officers by their companions.
+
+Mr. Fluxion stood at the door, and checked off the names of the party as
+they entered, on the list he held, so as to be sure that all had come
+in. It was not an easy thing for Lynch to ascend three flights of
+stairs; but his companions supported him, and contrived to screen him
+from the officers, till they reached the room where they were to sleep.
+The door was closed and fastened, and Grossbeck gratefully acknowledged
+the kindness of his friends in getting them out of the scrape.
+
+"What did you drink?" asked McKeon.
+
+"Wine," answered the tippler.
+
+"What kind of wine?"
+
+"I don't know--_eau de vie_."
+
+"_Eau de vie!_" exclaimed Blount, whose knowledge of French was above
+the average of that of "our fellows."
+
+"That's what we called for," added Grossbeck.
+
+"And it was as strong as camphene," said Lynch, as he tumbled into bed.
+
+"It was brandy!" laughed Blount.
+
+The boys all laughed at the blunder, and Lynch repeated his pledge not
+to drink any strong liquors, wine, or beer again. Grossbeck defended his
+conduct by saying that he had heard a great deal about the light wines
+of Europe, which people drank like water, and he did not suppose a
+couple of thimblefuls of it would hurt them.
+
+"Call for _vin rouge_ next time," laughed Blount; "that means red wine,
+or claret. It isn't much stronger than water."
+
+"No, sir!" ejaculated Lynch, springing up in bed, though with much
+difficulty; "I shall not call for red wine, or anything of the sort.
+From this time, henceforth and forevermore, I'm a temperance man. I
+won't drink anything but water, and only a little of that. I feel
+cheaper than Napoleon when he landed on the Island of St. Helena."
+
+The party turned in, and in a short time all of them, tired out by the
+fatigues of the day, were fast asleep. Mr. Fluxion, before half past
+eleven, had reported all the students in the house. At six o'clock in
+the morning all hands were turned out, and several squads of them were
+exploring the city on their own account. But it was not till after
+breakfast that a systematic excursion was organized. A number of
+omnibuses and one-horse barouches, or _voitures_, had been engaged by
+Mr. Fluxion, and, seated in these, the ship's company proceeded to the
+Grande Place, which is a large square, with the Hôtel de Ville on one
+side, and the old Palace, or Broodhuis, on the other side.
+
+The Hôtel de Ville is one of the most splendid municipal palaces in the
+Low Countries, where these structures are always magnificent specimens
+of architecture. The spire, of open work, in Gothic style, is three
+hundred and sixty-four feet high. The vane, which is a gilded copper
+figure of St. Michael, is seventeen feet high. The building was erected
+in the fifteenth century.
+
+By the attention of the governor of Antwerp, several officials were in
+readiness to escort the visitors through the city; and at their beck the
+doors of public buildings and churches, and the gates of palaces and
+gardens, were thrown open. The party entered the Hôtel de Ville, and in
+one of its large rooms an opportunity was afforded for Mr. Mapps to
+expatiate a little on the city of Brussels.
+
+"Young gentlemen, what is the French name of this city?" asked the
+professor, as he took the stand occupied by the chief magistrate of the
+city.
+
+"Bruxelles," responded many of the boys; for they had seen it often
+enough upon signs and in newspapers to know it.
+
+"Unlike many of the cities of Belgium which we have before visited,
+Brussels is a growing place. Its population has doubled in twenty years,
+and now numbers about three hundred thousand. It is situated on both
+sides of the little River Senne, one hundred and fifty miles from
+Paris,--which it imitates and resembles in some degree,--and
+twenty-seven miles from Antwerp. It is built partly on a hill; and the
+city consists of two portions, called the upper and the lower town, the
+latter being the older part, and containing all the objects of historic
+interest. In the upper town are the Park, the king's palace, and the
+public offices. The streets are irregular, narrow, and crooked; but the
+city is surrounded by a broad highway, having different names in
+different parts, as the _Boulevard de Waterloo_, the _Boulevard de
+Flandre_, and the _Boulevard d'Anvers_.
+
+"The oldest part of the city is in the vicinity of this square--the
+_Grande Place_, in which the Counts Egmont and Horn were beheaded by the
+Duke of Alva. You saw their statues in the square. In this city, in an
+old palace burned in 1733, Charles V. abdicated in favor of his son
+Philip II. Here, also, was drawn up that celebrated document called the
+Request. It was a petition to Margaret of Parma, in favor of the
+Protestants of the Low Countries, of which you read in Motley. It was
+presented to her in the Hôtel de Cuylembourg, where a prison now stands.
+She was somewhat alarmed at the appearance of the petitioners; and one
+of her courtiers told her, in a whisper, not to be annoyed by the
+'_gueux_,' or beggars. The leader of the confederates, hearing of this,
+regarded the epithet bestowed upon those who were defending the
+liberties of their country as an honorable appellation, and the
+petitioners adopted it as their war-cry. In the evening, some of them
+appeared in front of the palace with beggars' wallets on their backs,
+and porringers in their hands, and drank as a toast, 'Success to the
+_Gueux_!' This trivial incident proved to be one of the leading events
+of the revolution which deprived Spain of the Low Countries; for it
+kindled the enthusiasm of the people, and urged them on in the
+redemption of their country. In Motley you will find a full history of
+the 'Beggars.' Alva was so incensed at the turn of this affair, that he
+levelled to the ground the building in which the confederates met.
+
+"Brussels has long been celebrated for its manufactures of lace and
+carpets; but while it still retains its prestige in the former, it has
+been outdone in the latter. The finest and most valuable lace is made
+here and in some of the neighboring cities, and is literally worth its
+weight in gold. The most expensive kind costs two hundred francs (or
+forty dollars) a yard."
+
+Mr. Mapps finished his remarks for the present, and the ships' company
+returned to the carriages, and were driven to the Place des Martyrs,
+where there is a large monument erected to the memory of three hundred
+Belgians, who fell in the Revolution of 1830, which made Belgium an
+independent kingdom. From this point they passed into the broad
+Boulevards to the Botanical Gardens, which, however, they did not enter,
+but continued up the hill to the Park, a large enclosure, beautifully
+laid out, and ornamented with statues. In one corner of it is the
+Théâtre du Parc, while in the square which surrounds it are located the
+king's palace, the palace of the Prince of Orange, the Chamber of
+Representatives, and other public buildings. The students visited the
+king's palace;--but his majesty usually resides at Laeken, and the
+establishment represents royalty on a small scale--and the Chamber of
+Representatives, in which the two branches of the Belgian legislature
+convene. In the latter, a woman showed them the Chambers, pointing out
+some fine pictures, including portraits of the king and queen, and the
+Battle of Waterloo, explaining everything in French.
+
+"Where shall I find the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Stoute?" asked
+Professor Hamblin, nervous and excited at the near prospect of standing
+face to face before the great man of Belgium, and of being complimented
+upon his great educational works.
+
+"I don't know; but his office must be somewhere in this vicinity,"
+replied the fat professor, laughing at the excitement of his associate.
+
+One of the officials in charge of the party volunteered to conduct them
+to the apartment of the distinguished revolutionist.
+
+"You must come with me, Mr. Stoute," said the professor of Greek. "If it
+turns out that Mr. Rogier don't speak English, I should be in an
+unfortunate dilemma."
+
+"I will go with you with pleasure," laughed Mr. Stoute, who was rather
+desirous of witnessing the interview.
+
+They were conducted to the apartments of the distinguished minister, and
+formally and ceremoniously ushered into his presence. He bowed, and
+regarded his visitors with cool indifference.
+
+"Whom have I the honor to address?" asked the minister, in good English,
+when Mr. Hamblin had made his best bow.
+
+"I am Professor Hamblin, from the United States, at your service,"
+replied the learned gentleman, who seemed to believe that this
+announcement would bring the Belgian statesman to his feet, if not to
+his arms--the professor's.
+
+"Ah, indeed!" replied the minister, blankly.
+
+"I had the pleasure of receiving a note from you at Antwerp," added the
+American celebrity, annoyed at the coolness of the revolutionist.
+
+"A note from me!" exclaimed the Belgian celebrity, curtly. "I never saw
+you or heard of you before in my life."
+
+Mr. Hamblin produced the formidable envelope, and drew therefrom the
+epistle of sweet savor, which had been such a comfort to him in his
+troubles. He presented it to the minister, satisfied that this would
+recall the matter to his recollection.
+
+"This note is not from me. I did not write it," said the Belgian, when
+he had glanced hastily at the page.
+
+"Really, I beg your excellency's pardon; but it is signed with your
+name."
+
+"It is a forgery--what you Americans call a practical joke, probably. I
+haven't been in Antwerp for months."
+
+There was an apparent convulsion in the fat frame of Mr. Stoute, who was
+evidently struggling to suppress his mirth, or keep it within decent
+limits.
+
+"I am very sorry, sir," stammered Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"The letter is an imposition, sir. I never heard of you before in my
+life," added the great Belgian, tossing the note back to the professor,
+with an impatience which indicated that he never wished to see him
+again.
+
+That vision had exploded--no invitation to dinner, none to visit the
+king, none to accept the position of Librarian of the Greek portion of
+the Royal Library, whose only duty was to consist in drawing his salary.
+Mr. Hamblin bowed, and so far conformed to his original programme as to
+back out of the office. Doubtless he came to the conclusion, in his
+disgust, that Belgium was a "one-horse" kingdom, and that royalty was a
+humbug.
+
+The vision exploded; so did the mirth of Mr. Stoute, as soon as the door
+of the department of foreign affairs had closed behind him. He laughed
+till every ounce of his adipose frame quivered.
+
+"What are you laughing at, Mr. Stoute?" demanded the disappointed suitor
+for Belgian honors.
+
+"You will excuse me, sir; but really I can't help it," choked the fat
+professor.
+
+"I really don't see anything to laugh at," added Mr. Hamblin,
+indignantly.
+
+"I was intensely amused at the shuffling indifference of Monsieur
+Rogier. He evidently regards himself as a very great man, not to be
+disturbed by insignificant Greek scholars."
+
+"What do you mean by _insignificant_, Mr. Stoute?" asked the lean
+professor, solemnly.
+
+"Why, the minister had never even heard of you, of your Greek Grammar,
+Greek Reader, and Anabasis. Such is fame!" chuckled the good-natured
+instructor.
+
+"'What we Americans call a practical joke,' were the words of the
+minister. Do you regard this as a joke, Mr. Stoute?" said the learned
+gentleman, very seriously.
+
+"I suppose it is a joke to all, except the victim."
+
+"Do you know anything about the author of this senseless piece of
+imposition?"
+
+"Certainly not. I had not the least idea that the ponderous document was
+not genuine till his excellency pronounced it a forgery."
+
+"Who could have done this?"
+
+"Some of the students, probably."
+
+"Probably," replied the professor, taking the note from his pocket
+again, and carefully scanning the handwriting. "I have no doubt it was
+done by one of the students. It is another of their infamous tricks--the
+fourth that has been put upon me. Do the other instructors suffer in
+this manner?"
+
+"I have not heard of any other victims, and I am inclined to think you
+are the only one."
+
+"I do not see why I should be selected as the recipient of these silly
+and ridiculous, not to say wicked, tricks. A rope falls on _my_ head,
+_I_ am pitched into the river, drenched with dirty water, and now sent
+on a fool's errand to the king's chief minister! I don't understand why
+I am the only sufferer."
+
+Professor Stoute did understand why Mr. Hamblin had been so frequently
+sacrificed, but he had a habit of minding his own business, and did not
+venture to give an opinion on the subject, which probably would not have
+been well received. What the fat professor knew all the boys in the
+Josephine, and most of those in the Young America, knew--that the cold,
+stiff, haughty, tyrannical, overbearing manner of the lean professor had
+made him exceedingly unpopular; that the students disliked him even to
+the degree of hating him; that if he had ever had any influence with
+them, he had lost it by his ridiculous sternness and stupid precision.
+Mr. Hamblin did not know this, but everybody else did.
+
+"Don't you know this writing, Mr. Stoute?" demanded the irate man of
+Greek roots, after an attentive study of the note.
+
+"I do not."
+
+"I do!" added Mr. Hamblin, decidedly.
+
+"You are fortunate then. If we can unearth the culprit, he will be
+severely punished."
+
+"I am not so clear on that point. This note was written by Captain
+Kendall."
+
+"Impossible!" exclaimed Mr. Stoute, seizing the note, and examining more
+attentively than he had done before the writing it contained.
+
+It did look like Paul's writing. It was his style, and there were not
+more than two students in the Josephine who could have composed the
+French in the document. Those two were Paul and Duncan. But Mr. Stoute
+was unwilling to believe that the captain would resort to such a
+proceeding.
+
+"I shall charge him with it," added Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"I advise you not to do it without more evidence than you have yet
+obtained," said Mr. Stoute, seriously.
+
+"After we return to the vessel I shall probably be able to obtain some
+proof," continued Mr. Hamblin, as he put the letter in his pocket.
+
+When they went to look for the rest of the party, they found them
+forming a line in the square. Present with Mr. Lowington was his
+excellency, the governor of Antwerp, who had just invited the company to
+visit the palace gardens. In even lines, with the officers in their
+proper places, the procession marched across the park and through the
+gates, at which a file of Belgian soldiers presented arms to them. In
+the garden they formed a line on one of the walks. Near the palace,
+walking to and fro, was an old gentleman, but still erect and manly,
+with a glittering decoration on his breast. Several other persons, most
+of them dressed in uniform, or decked with orders, were standing near
+the old gentleman.
+
+Presently the governor of Antwerp approached the ship's company,
+attended by an officer to whom Mr. Lowington was introduced. The three
+then walked towards the old gentleman, to whom the principal was
+presented. The venerable personage bowed gracefully, but did not offer
+to shake hands, or indulge in any republican familiarities.
+
+"That's the King of Belgium," said Dr. Winstock to Paul, as the
+principal and the venerable person approached the line, followed by the
+officials.
+
+"The king!" exclaimed Paul, taken all aback by the announcement; and
+this was the first time he had ever looked upon a live monarch. "He
+seems just like any other man; what shall we do?"
+
+"Give him three Yankee cheers," replied the doctor.
+
+Captain Kendall spoke to the flag-officer and to Captain Haven.
+
+"Three cheers for his majesty the King of Belgium!" called Flag-officer
+Gordon.
+
+They were given with a will, but the "tiger" was omitted in deference to
+royalty. King Leopold gracefully and graciously acknowledged the salute
+by touching his hat, and then walked up and down the line, inspecting
+the ship's company. Mr. Lowington, hat in hand, walked just behind him.
+His majesty then took position in front of the line, and the students
+came to the conclusion that he was going to make a speech; but he did
+not: he spoke to Mr. Lowington again, who went to the line and called
+out the flag-officer and the two captains.
+
+"You are to be presented to the king; don't speak unless you are asked a
+question, and don't turn your back to him," said Mr. Lowington in a low
+tone.
+
+Paul was startled at the idea of being presented to King Leopold, but he
+followed his companions, and in due time was with them handed over to
+the gentleman who had presented the principal, and who proved to be the
+grand chamberlain.
+
+"Captain Kendall, commander of the Josephine," said the gentleman, when
+Paul's turn came.
+
+Paul bowed, blushing up to the eyes, when he became conscious that the
+royal gaze was fixed upon him; but he had self-possession enough not to
+overdo the matter, and his salute was as dignified and graceful as that
+of majesty itself. The king smiled when he saw the fine form and
+handsome face of the junior captain.
+
+"Do you command a ship?" asked his majesty, surveying the young officer
+from head to foot, with a pleasant smile on his face.
+
+"I command the Josephine, your majesty; she is not a ship, but a topsail
+schooner of one hundred and sixty tons," replied Paul, satisfied that
+kings speak just like other men.
+
+"You are very young to command a vessel of that size," added the king.
+
+Paul bowed, but made no reply, as no question was asked.
+
+"Can you manage her in a gale?" asked his majesty.
+
+"I think I can, your majesty; at least I have done so within a week on
+the coast of your majesty's dominions."
+
+The king actually laughed at this confident reply. As he bowed slightly,
+Paul, for the first time in his life, backed out, and continued to back
+till he reached his station at the head of the Josephines. The king then
+bowed to the whole line, and retired. As he did so, Flag-officer Gordon
+called for three more cheers. The king turned and bowed again. This
+time the snapper, in the form of the tiger, was applied, which so
+astonished the royal personage that he turned once more, laughed, and
+bowed.
+
+Professor Hamblin looked very nervous and discontented. "That boy" had
+been presented to the king, and he, who had compiled a Greek Grammar, a
+Greek Reader, and edited the Anabasis, had been "left out in the cold."
+If it was possible for a great mind like that of the _savant_ to harbor
+such a vicious feeling as envy, he certainly envied Paul Kendall his
+brief interview with the King of the Belgians.
+
+The party retired from the garden, and returned to the carriages. It
+appeared in explanation of this unexpected honor, that the governor of
+Antwerp had waited on the king that day, and informed him casually of
+the presence of the students of the academy squadron in the capital, and
+he had expressed a desire to see them in a very informal manner. Mr.
+Lowington was no "flunky," and never sought admission to the presence of
+royalty, for himself or his pupils.
+
+As the procession of omnibuses and fiacres moved down to the lower town,
+they were thrown into great excitement by seeing many of the streets and
+houses dressed with flags and other devices. On inquiring at the hotel,
+Mr. Molenschot informed Paul that it was a saint's day, and that a
+religious procession would march through some of the principal streets.
+
+"Go down into the Boulevard d'Anvers, and you will have a good chance to
+see the show," added the landlord.
+
+"What is it?"
+
+"O, it is really very fine and very grand; but go at once, or you will
+be too late."
+
+The students were permitted to go to the street indicated, and they had
+hardly secured a good place before they heard martial music, playing a
+solemn dirge.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XIV.
+
+THE VICE-PRINCIPAL.
+
+
+[Illustration: A RELIGIOUS PROCESSION IN BRUSSELS.--Page 230.]
+
+A crowd of people preceded the procession, as it came out of the Rue de
+Laeken into the Boulevard d'Anvers. At the head of it marched the
+military band, and the _cortége_ was flanked by soldiers of the Belgian
+army, indicating that the government felt an interest in the display.
+The students were on the tiptoe of excitement at the novel spectacle;
+and Paul asked his friend, the doctor, a great many questions which he
+could not answer. The composition and order of the procession were very
+nearly as follows:--
+
+   A man bearing a cross on a pole.
+   Banner.
+   Little girls dressed in white, with flowers in their hands.
+   Little boys.
+   Banner.
+   Image of the Virgin borne by four men.
+   A lamb, very white and clean, led by a string, and
+   decorated with red ribbons, with boys on each
+   side, carrying various emblems.
+   Young ladies in white.
+   Another image of the Virgin.
+   About twenty priests, in white muslin robes, and in
+   satin robes trimmed with gold.
+   Two boys with censers.
+   Silken canopy, borne by four men, under which walked
+   two ecclesiastics, in full costume one
+   bearing the Host.
+
+The canopy was surrounded by men carrying lanterns with silver
+framework, and of peculiar construction. The censers, as they were swung
+backward and forward by the bearers, emitted a dense smoke, which rose
+far above the procession, and marked its progress.
+
+As the _cortége_ approached the spot where the boys stood, the band
+ceased playing, and the priests began to chant the mass to the
+accompaniment of a single base horn. The procession moved very slowly,
+and the rich voices of the priests, mingling with the heavy notes of the
+horn, produced an effect solemn and impressive even on the minds of
+those whose religious education did not prepare them to appreciate such
+a display.
+
+As the host approached, hundreds of the crowd in the street knelt
+reverently upon the pavement, and bowed their heads before the sacred
+emblems. Women and children strewed the path of the procession with
+flowers, green branches, or, in the absence of these, with handfuls of
+colored paper cut into minute pieces. Indeed, the street, in places, was
+literally covered with these votive offerings of the people, who had no
+other means of testifying their reverence for the ceremonial.
+
+The line filed into the Rue Longue Neuve, which was extensively
+decorated with flags, streamers, and other national and religious
+emblems. In many windows burned a line of candles, in some cases before
+a crucifix. In this street the procession halted, and several of the
+priests moved up an arch forming the entrance to one of the better
+residences. In this recess an altar had been erected, and was covered
+with all the emblems of the Catholic faith. The priests knelt before it,
+and chanted a portion of the service, and then returned to the
+procession, which continued its march up the street; the flowers and
+bits of colored paper filling the air before it, and the people still
+reverently bowing down to the host. The solemn and impressive chanting
+of the priests kindled the pious enthusiasm of the multitude, and as the
+line passed the _cafés_ and _estaminets_, or smoking houses, the pipe,
+the drink, and the gay jest were abandoned, to pay homage to the faith
+of the nation.
+
+The faces of the little children and the white-robed maidens in the
+procession presented an aspect of religious enthusiasm, solemn but not
+sad, which young people seldom wear. Everybody seemed to be carried away
+by the excitement of the scene; all hats were removed, and the utmost
+respect was paid to the representatives and to the emblems of the church
+in the line.
+
+As Paul and his friend followed the spectacle up the street, they saw a
+Béguine nun kneeling at the altar in the arch, wringing her hands in an
+ecstasy of devotion, while several women were regarding her with an
+admiring reverence, which seemed to indicate that they envied her the
+enjoyment of the heavenly raptures which thrilled her.
+
+"It is very solemn--isn't it?" said Paul, when they had passed out of
+hearing of the procession.
+
+"It is really moving, even while you have no sympathy with the church
+which makes these displays."
+
+"I think I was never more moved in my life than I was by the chanting of
+those priests. But what is the occasion of all this?"
+
+"I don't know; except that this is some saint's day--St. James, I
+believe; but there is something of this kind in Brussels nearly every
+Sunday; and I have seen several minor displays in the streets in the
+evening."
+
+"I am surprised to see how much respect the people pay to their
+religion. If they have these displays often, I should think they would
+become stale."
+
+"It appears they do not. I have a great deal more consideration and
+respect for these exhibitions in Belgium than in some other parts of
+Europe, for the reason that all religions enjoy the utmost toleration
+here. The people are almost exclusively Catholic, and yet they permit
+Protestants and Jews entire freedom in the exercise of their religion,
+and pay them their fair share of the government money."
+
+At two o'clock dinner was ready at the Hôtel Royal; and it need not be
+added that the boys also were ready. Half an hour later the whole party
+had been loaded into stage-coaches, which, in an hour and a half, set
+them down on the battle-field of Waterloo. For two hours they wandered
+about the field, or rather up and down the two principal roads which
+pass through it. On the highest ground of the field, where there is a
+mound two hundred feet high, surmounted by the Belgic Lion, Mr. Mapps
+gave a brief account of the great battle, pointing out the spots of the
+greatest interest, including the road by which Blucher arrived. The
+subject is too vast for these pages; but it will be alluded to in the
+summary of French history in a subsequent volume.
+
+There are several monuments, and columns, and obelisks on the
+battle-field, which mark the fall of distinguished men or their
+burial-places. Beneath the great mound are buried thousands of all the
+armies represented in this historical conflict, which settled, for a
+time, the fate of Europe. The field is the harvest-ground of a multitude
+of beggars, relic-hunters, and guides, who bore visitors almost to death
+with old buttons, musty rags, flattened bullets, bones, and other
+articles, which they produce as keepsakes of the battle. The stock of
+these things probably failed long ago, and the traveller may well be
+suspicious of the genuineness of anything which may be offered to him by
+these leeches.
+
+At six the stages conveyed the tourists to the Groenendael Station, on
+the railway to Namur, where they arrived after a ride of an hour,
+express time. This place is the "Belgian Sheffield," being largely
+engaged in the manufacturing of arms, cutlery, and hardware. Its
+vicinity contains rich mines of iron, coal, and marble. Many battles and
+sieges have occurred in this place; and Don John of Austria, sent by
+Philip II. to subdue the country, was buried here. The city contains a
+population of twenty-six thousand, and is beautifully located at the
+junction of the Meuse and Sambre Rivers. The train stopped here but an
+hour; and the students roamed through some of the principal streets,
+which, however, were too much like those of places they had visited
+before to excite any especial interest.
+
+Two hours later, they arrived at Liége, which was to be the eastern
+limit of the excursion. As before, Mr. Fluxion had preceded them, and
+engaged accommodations at the hotels. The students were very tired, and
+not disposed to explore the city of the bishops that night. Before
+breakfast on the following morning, Mr. Mapps gave them the history and
+other interesting particulars relating to the city, when they had
+assembled in the old citadel of St. Walburg, which overlooks the town.
+
+"Liége, whose Flemish name is _Luik_, contains one hundred and nine
+thousand inhabitants, who are principally concerned in the various
+manufactures of iron, and especially in the making of cannon and arms,"
+said the professor. "I observed to you before, that this part of the
+country bears some resemblance to New England. As you have an
+opportunity to observe for yourselves, the scenery is very fine, but
+rather of the pleasant and quiet description.
+
+"The province of Liége, of which this city is the capital, was formerly
+governed by a line of bishops; and those of you who have read Scott's
+Quentin Durward will remember William de la Marck, the Wild Boar of
+Ardennes, whose adventures are located in this vicinity. In the tenth
+century, the bishops of Liége were made sovereigns by the German
+emperor, and received the name of Prince-Bishops. But the burghers of
+Liége, like those of Ghent, had a will and a way of their own, and
+frequently rebelled against the bishops, in support of their rights; and
+Charles the Bold took the rulers under his protection. Still they
+persisted in revolting, and Charles destroyed the city, as a punishment,
+in 1468. Fifteen years later, William de la Marck murdered the
+prince-bishop, in order to obtain the mitre-crown for his son. This was
+the beginning of the insurrection, in which, as I have related to you
+before, Charles the Bold compelled the king of France to march against
+the rebels.
+
+"The place was subsequently captured by the French; the bishops were
+expelled at the commencement of the French Revolution, but were restored
+by the Austrians two years later. In 1794 it was annexed to France; but
+after the battle of Waterloo it was incorporated into the new kingdom of
+the Netherlands. In 1830 the old spirit of the burghers of Liége
+revived, and they were among the foremost promoters of the Belgian
+Revolution."
+
+The students descended from the heights, whose fortresses command the
+city, took an outside view of the Hôtel de Ville, several churches, and
+other public buildings, and breakfasted at nine. Though they had by no
+means exhausted the city, the time would not permit a further
+examination. The train was ready for them; and their next stop was at
+Louvain, which, like Ghent and Bruges, had dwindled down from a
+population of two hundred thousand to thirty-three thousand. It contains
+a magnificent town hall, decorated in the most elaborate style.
+
+From Louvain the party hurried on to Mechlin, or Malines, a picturesque
+old city, still famous for its fine lace. It is about the size of
+Louvain, and, like that, presents a deserted appearance, being only the
+shadow of its former greatness. Its principal object of interest to the
+tourist is the Cathedral of St. Romuald, a structure of the fifteenth
+century, and, like the great churches at Cologne and Antwerp, still
+unfinished. It was built with money obtained by the sale of the pope's
+indulgences, which, happily, "gave out" at last. Its spire, which was to
+have been six hundred and forty feet high, remains incomplete, at little
+more than half this height, which, however, is only eighteen feet less
+than the cross on St. Paul's, in London. The church is an immense
+structure, said to cover nearly two acres of ground. It is the cathedral
+of the Belgian archbishop, or primate.
+
+"There, Paul, we have finished Belgium," said Dr. Winstock, as the train
+started for Antwerp.
+
+"I am glad of it; for I am tired of sight-seeing. It seems to me now
+that I have no desire to see another Cathedral, Hôtel de Ville, or
+Grande Place," replied Paul, languidly, as he settled himself back in
+his seat.
+
+"A new country will wake you up," laughed the doctor. "I suppose we
+shall be in Rotterdam to-morrow."
+
+"I hope so, though I don't know but I should like blue water better than
+being shut up in these rivers and canals."
+
+"You will get blue water enough before the season is ended."
+
+In half an hour from Malines, the train reached Antwerp. Mr. Fluxion had
+arrived before; and there were two tugs at the Quai Vandyck, which had
+been employed to tow the vessels down the river. They conveyed the
+students on board, and the orders for sailing were given immediately.
+
+Mr. Hamblin, who had not yet recovered from his disappointment, hastened
+to the cabin. He commenced a diligent search for papers written by the
+captain, in order to compare their penmanship with that of the forged
+note. As Mr. Stoute had been compelled to acknowledge, there was a
+general resemblance between the handwriting of Paul and that of the
+unknown scribbler of the note. Though a minute comparison failed to
+establish any closer connection between them, the professor wanted to
+make out his point; and it was not difficult for him to find a
+particular similarity.
+
+Paul was busy on deck, getting the Josephine under weigh, and Mr.
+Hamblin had the cabin to himself for his investigation. The stamp on the
+paper of the fictitious note had already excited his attention, and he
+took the liberty to enter Paul's state-room, in search of some like it.
+He opened the upper drawer of the bureau, which formed a writing-table
+when the front was dropped. The first object that attracted his
+attention was a package of paper of the size, and apparently of the
+quality, he sought. He picked up a quire of it, and a smile of
+vindictive satisfaction played upon his wrinkled face, as he discovered
+upon it the identical stamp of the forged note.
+
+His case was made out, and great was his joy. Paul would certainly be
+disgraced and removed for such an outrage as a practical joke upon one
+of the most dignified instructors in the squadron. We must do Mr.
+Hamblin the justice to say, that he did not wish to prove any more than
+he believed to be true; but it is very easy for a prejudiced person to
+believe a great deal against one who has offended him. A student who was
+not fond of Greek could not be a very noble, or even a very upright one;
+and he was confident that, when Paul's true character became known, when
+he was no longer stimulated to great deeds by his high office, he would
+prove to be a very different person from what he now appeared to be.
+
+Mr. Hamblin confiscated a half quire of the paper, and secured several
+French exercises written by Captain Kendall, to be used as evidence
+against him. He then searched the vessel for similar paper in the
+possession of other students, but found none. He went on deck, to
+ascertain what was to be done; for Mr. Lowington had assured him he
+would not be any longer obliged to sail in the same vessel with the
+obnoxious student. A boat from the ship was alongside, and Mr. Fluxion
+had just stepped on board. The boatswain was hoisting his baggage out of
+the boat, which indicated that he was to remain.
+
+Paul was reading an order just handed to him by Mr. Fluxion, which
+appeared to settle the difficulty between him and the learned professor.
+The order was in these words:--
+
+    Mr. James E. Fluxion is hereby appointed vice-principal of the
+    academy squadron, and will be obeyed and respected accordingly.
+
+    Mr. Fluxion is also hereby instructed temporarily to discharge the
+    duties of Professor of Greek, Latin, and Mathematics, on board of
+    the Josephine.
+
+                                         R. LOWINGTON, _Principal_.
+
+The new vice-principal handed a note to Mr. Hamblin as he came upon
+deck, in which he was directed to repair, with his baggage, on board of
+the ship. The learned gentleman was not quite satisfied with this
+arrangement. It looked a little ominous.
+
+"Have you no order for Captain Kendall, Mr. Fluxion?" he asked, as the
+vice-principal waited for him to read his letter.
+
+"I have given him an order from the principal."
+
+"Is he not directed to go on board of the ship?"
+
+"He is not."
+
+"I have preferred charges against him, and I was led to believe that he
+would be suspended," added Mr. Hamblin, who was not quite sure that he
+was not to be suspended himself.
+
+"No order to that effect was sent by me," replied Mr. Fluxion. "You will
+excuse me, but the vessel is about to get under weigh."
+
+"I am not satisfied with these proceedings. I complained to Mr.
+Lowington that it was impossible for me to instruct my classes while
+they were under the influence of Captain Kendall. No notice appears to
+have been taken of my charges."
+
+"I think some notice has been taken of them. You are directed to report
+to the principal, with your baggage, on board of the ship."
+
+"Am I to be punished instead of that obstinate and impudent pupil?"
+demanded the professor.
+
+"I have nothing to say about it, Mr. Hamblin," added Mr. Fluxion,
+sharply. "If you are not going to the ship, we will weigh anchor and
+proceed on our voyage."
+
+The professor went down into his state-room, and hastily packed his
+trunk, which was brought up and put in the boat by one of the stewards.
+The students watched these movements with the deepest interest, and they
+could hardly conceal their satisfaction when it was clear that the
+obnoxious instructor was going to leave the Josephine, "bag and
+baggage." There was a great deal of punching each other in the ribs, a
+great deal of half-suppressed chuckling, and a very decided inclination
+to give three cheers. A few of the more prudent ones checked any noisy
+demonstration; but the moment that Mr. Hamblin went over the side was a
+very joyous one.
+
+The Josephine tripped her anchor, and, hugged by the steam-tug, stood
+down the river on her way to Rotterdam. Mr. Fluxion went below, and
+installed himself in the state-room vacated by Professor Hamblin. Mr.
+Stoute gave the vice-principal a hearty welcome; and it was soon evident
+that they were men who could cordially agree. Paul was delighted with
+the change; for if there was any one in the squadron, besides the
+principal and the doctor, for whom he had a high regard and a thorough
+respect, it was Mr. Fluxion. He was a sailor from the sole of his foot
+to the crown of his head. He had visited all the maritime ports of
+Europe, spoke half a dozen modern languages with facility, and was
+popular with the boys. He was a sharp disciplinarian, and the students
+found it difficult to outwit him. He knew all the tricks of sailors,
+and especially of man-of-war's men. He was the right hand man of Mr.
+Lowington, and the new arrangement, whereby the professor had been
+created vice-principal, and sent on board the consort, was to prevent
+the recurrence of such an incident as that which had imperilled her in
+the German Ocean during the squall.
+
+Though Paul felt that his own powers were in some degree abridged by the
+presence of the new officer, whose authority, unlike that of the
+instructors before, extended to the vessel, and was equal to that of Mr.
+Lowington, he was now satisfied. A competent person was present, with
+whom he could share the responsibility of the navigation of the vessel
+in case of an emergency. He was on the best of terms with Mr. Fluxion,
+and he was happier than he had been before since the Josephine sailed
+from Hull. Leaving him to the enjoyment of the new order of things, we
+will follow Mr. Hamblin on board of the ship.
+
+The barge ran up alongside, and the professor's trunk was hoisted on
+board. As soon as the students saw the barge and the baggage, which
+indicated that the obnoxious old gentleman had been transferred to the
+Young America, a murmur of disapprobation went through the ship.
+
+"I say, Wilton, we are to have that old humbug in the ship!" exclaimed
+Perth, the chief of the Red Cross Knights, who, however, had changed
+their name to the Knights of the Golden Fleece.
+
+"That's so," replied Wilton, who had contrived to keep out of the brig
+nearly a week. "He has his plunder with him."
+
+"We must do as the Josephines did," added Perth, in a whisper.
+
+"What's that?"
+
+"Get rid of him. This shall be the first job of the Knights of the
+Golden Fleece. McDougal, who is a capital fellow, told me all about how
+the fellows in the Josephine managed it."
+
+"I heard they had been hazing him."
+
+"That they did," laughed Perth. "There is fun in the thing. If the old
+fossil was a decent fellow, of course we wouldn't disturb him. Just as
+soon as he made a row on board, all the fellows took the captain's part.
+Morgan dropped him into the river, by drawing out the nail that held the
+boat-hook in the wood; Blount dropped a coil of signal halyards on his
+head; and McDougal ducked him with the hose-pipe; and the old fellow got
+a bogus letter from Antwerp, inviting him to visit some of those kings,
+or something of that sort."
+
+"Who sent the letter?" asked Wilton, greatly interested, as he always
+was, in anything of this kind.
+
+"Nobody knows; at least McDougal says so. When we were at Brussels, the
+old Greek went to see some big fellow there,--the king or some
+minister,--and the big bug wouldn't look at him. One of our fellows
+heard Stoute telling the doctor about it; and Fatty was so tickled that
+he shook just like a freshly-baked cup-custard. There goes the
+boatswain's whistle. We are off now," added Perth, as he sprang to his
+place at the capstan.
+
+The anchor had before been hove short, and in a few moments the Young
+America, also in the warm embrace of a powerful steam-tug, moved down
+the river.
+
+"All hands in the rigging!" shouted the first lieutenant, as the ship
+approached the Victoria and Albert.
+
+The students ran up the shrouds like monkeys, and stationed themselves
+in the rigging.
+
+"Three cheers for the Queen of England," called Goodwin; and they were
+given with becoming zeal.
+
+A lady dressed in black, who was walking the promenade deck, near the
+dining saloon, bowed and waved her handkerchief. That lady was Queen
+Victoria. The Josephine at this moment came up on the other side, and
+delivered her round of cheers. Mr. Fluxion carried the intelligence on
+board that the queen had returned, and that the yacht would sail that
+evening; and all hands were on the lookout for her majesty. She bowed
+and waved her handkerchief to the Josephines, as she had to the students
+in the ship.
+
+She was not very distinctly seen by the curious students in either
+vessel, and appeared like a stout "dumpy" little woman, in no respect
+different from any other lady. In spite of this fact, it was voted to be
+a big thing to have seen the Queen of England; and the king of the
+little realm of Belgium sank into insignificance, compared with her.
+
+"She don't look like a queen," said Captain Haven to Mr. Mapps, who
+stood next to him.
+
+"Did you expect to see her with her crown and coronation robes on, and
+with the sceptre in her hand?" laughed the professor.
+
+"Not exactly; but I was not prepared to see a lady so much like any
+well-dressed woman we meet in the street."
+
+"Let me see," said Mr. Mapps, glancing at the shore, intent upon
+renewing his favorite topic, "Fort St. Laurent must have been here; and
+this is where Van Speyk went down, or rather went up."
+
+"Who was Van Speyk?"
+
+"He was the commander of a Dutch gunboat, in the revolution of 1830. His
+vessel wouldn't come about--what do you call it?"
+
+"Missed stays, sir," replied Captain Haven.
+
+"Missed stays, and got aground right under the guns of the fort. He was
+ordered to surrender, but refused to do so, though there was not the
+least chance for him to make a successful resistance. He was determined
+that the rebels should not have his vessel, and, rushing down into the
+powder-magazine, he said his prayers, and coolly laid his lighted cigar
+on an open barrel of powder. An explosion followed which shook the whole
+city. Twenty-eight, out of thirty-one on board, including the heroic
+captain, were killed--blown up into the air. A monument to his memory
+was erected by the side of that of De Ruiter, and the government pledged
+itself that a vessel in the Dutch navy should always bear the name of
+Van Speyk."
+
+"He was a good fellow," replied the captain, warmly.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XV.
+
+THE PROFESSOR'S CHARGE.
+
+
+"I say, Perth, I've been a good boy for more than a week, and I begin to
+be ashamed of myself for my want of activity," said Wilton, who had
+seated himself on the bowsprit-cap, while his companion was reclining on
+the flying jib. "I shall spoil if there is not something going on soon."
+
+"We'll go on that cruise in the Josephine just as soon as we can bring
+things round right," added Perth.
+
+"It's no use to think of that while we are moored fifty or a hundred
+miles from the sea," continued Wilton.
+
+"Of course not. Rotterdam is away up the river, with a bar at its mouth
+having only seven feet of water on it at low tide. You must go over
+that, or by the canal, which runs through an island. Do you know where
+we go next?"
+
+"I heard some of the fellows say we were going to the southward soon."
+
+"If that's so I should suppose we shall go into Dieppe or Havre," said
+Perth.
+
+"I heard Havre mentioned. How will that suit?"
+
+"First rate!" exclaimed the embryo captain of the proposed prize, for
+the Knights depended upon Perth for the navigation of the Josephine,
+when their long-cherished plan should be put in execution.
+
+"I suppose we shall not stay in Holland more than a week."
+
+"No, I hope not. Lowington is afraid we shall all get sick if we stay
+here long."
+
+"Havre is just the place for us. It has an open harbor, and we can go to
+sea from there without any difficulty. Besides, there's another thing
+that will favor us."
+
+"What's that?" asked Wilton.
+
+"All the fellows will go to Paris when the ship is there, and we can
+have a first-rate chance to operate while they are gone."
+
+"I don't know about that. Our fellows will all want to go to Paris with
+the rest. I want to go there myself," suggested Wilton.
+
+"We may as well give it up, then," added Perth.
+
+"We must see Paris, anyhow."
+
+"I'll tell you what we can do. We can run round through the Straits of
+Gibraltar, and up the Mediterranean to Marseilles. From there we can all
+go to Paris.".
+
+"That will be a long cruise," said Wilton.
+
+"No matter for that. The longer the better."
+
+"How far is it?"
+
+"Not less than two thousand miles. We could go in ten or fifteen days,"
+added Perth, warming up as he anticipated the pleasure of the runaway
+cruise. "After we get into the Mediterranean, we can run along the coast
+of Spain, go into port as often as we like, and have a first-rate time
+generally."
+
+"But don't you suppose Lowington will follow us?"
+
+"No matter if he does. We can beat the Young America on a wind from
+Monday morning till Saturday night. If we find the ship is overhauling
+us, all we have to do is to hug the wind, and we can give her the slip."
+
+"We haven't money enough to pay the expenses of such a trip," said
+Wilton.
+
+"There's plenty of money in the Josephine. But we don't need much. The
+vessel has a year's provisions in her hold."
+
+"Salt junk and hard tack," suggested Wilton, who was not partial to this
+diet.
+
+"That will do very well while we are at sea; and when we get to Spain we
+can buy things cheap. Besides, our fellows are going to raise some money
+on their own account," said Perth, in a whisper.
+
+"How's that?" asked the other, curiously.
+
+"Every one of the Knights wrote home to have their folks send them some
+money at Paris,--or every one but you and Munroe; and the game was
+played out with you and him, for you had some sent to you in London."
+
+"Yes; and Lowington got it," replied Wilton in disgust.
+
+"We fixed it all right. We shall find loose change enough on board of
+the Josephine to keep us happy till we get to Paris, by the way of
+Marseilles, and then we shall be rotten with stamps."
+
+"But don't you expect to be caught some time or other?" inquired Wilton,
+whose experience on a former occasion seemed to point in this
+direction.
+
+"No matter if we are. We must be ready for that; but we will be jolly
+while we have things our own way."
+
+"It's no use to talk about it yet," added Wilton, with a yawn, for the
+wild scheme seemed so far off to him that he could not enter into the
+spirit of it yet.
+
+"It won't be more than a week or ten days before we shall be ready to
+make a strike. You know we must all cut up so as to be left on board."
+
+"Yes, and some one will be left on board with us, just as it happened at
+Cowes."
+
+"It won't be Fluxion, anyhow; for he has been transferred to the
+Josephine, and we can come it over any other of the professors. However,
+we must feel our way, and the first thing we have to do is to get left
+on board."
+
+"Humph! That's easy enough," said Wilton, who had never found any
+difficulty in being left behind, or in being condemned to the brig.
+
+"We must make a sure thing of it next time; but it won't do to run away
+with a boat again. Hush up! There comes that old stick-in-the-mud from
+the Josephine," added Perth, lowering his voice to a whisper.
+
+The gentleman thus discourteously alluded to was Mr. Hamblin,who had
+climbed upon the topgallant forecastle for the purpose of obtaining a
+view of the region through which the vessel was passing. As the two boys
+were far out on the bowsprit, over the water, he did not venture to
+approach any nearer to them; yet the excessive prudence which the
+Knights practised required them to keep silence whenever there was a
+possibility that a word might be overheard by the uninitiated.
+
+"I wish he would come up here," whispered Wilton, from the corner of his
+mouth.
+
+"Why?"
+
+"I would contrive some way to spill him into the drink," chuckled the
+ever-willing conspirator.
+
+Mr. Hamblin was then cool and self-possessed, and he did not venture out
+upon the treacherous spar, and the entangling rigging, so that the
+wretch on the cap had no opportunity to give him a second bath in the
+dirty Scheldt. The learned gentleman was looking for the site of the
+Duke of Parma's Bridge, but he couldn't find it, and presently retired.
+He was not much interested in the Spanish operations in Flanders, though
+he felt it his duty to see a spot so noted in history--it was so
+effective, before a class of students, to be able to say he had seen the
+place alluded to in the text-book. He was, in fact, more concerned to
+know what Mr. Lowington's decision was, and he was waiting impatiently
+for an interview with him.
+
+"The old hunks is too mean for the Josephines, and he has been quartered
+upon us!" exclaimed Wilton, as the professor descended to the main deck.
+"The fellows in the consort say he is as grouty as a mud turtle, and as
+crabbed as an owl at noonday. He snubs every one that makes a blunder,
+and rips at the class half the time."
+
+"They say Lowington don't like him much better than the fellows do,"
+added Perth.
+
+It would be difficult to explain how any of the students had reached
+this conclusion; but it is certain that boys understand their guardians
+and instructors much better than the latter generally suppose.
+
+"Perth, I think we might as well have our liberty stopped for serving
+out Old Crabs, as for anything else," suggested Wilton.
+
+"I'm willing; the Knights will do that job handsomely, you may bet your
+life."
+
+"But we musn't get caught too soon."
+
+"We work in the dark, and we can do the thing as well as the Josephines
+did."
+
+"Let's study up something at once, and put him through a course of
+sprouts. I don't believe in tolerating a professor who was too mean for
+the Josephine," replied Wilton, shaking his head, as though a personal
+indignity had been put upon him.
+
+"All right; we will be ready as soon as he is. What's the row on deck?"
+continued Perth, rising from his seat, as a group of students gathered
+in the rigging, and on such elevations as would enable them to see over
+the bulwarks.
+
+"Only one of Mapps's long yarns," answered Wilton.
+
+"I'm going down to see what it is."
+
+Perth went down, but Wilton had not the slightest interest in anything
+Mr. Mapps had to say; and he stretched himself on the jib, which had
+been cast loose ready to hoist, in case it should be required.
+
+"This is the place where the Duke of Parma built his great bridge over
+the Scheldt," said the professor of history, as the students gathered
+around him.
+
+"What did he build the bridge for?" asked one of them.
+
+"In order to close the navigation of the river, and thus prevent the
+people of Antwerp from obtaining provisions, which came to them from
+Holland. When the Prince of Orange was assassinated, the Duke of Parma
+was making his preparations to subdue the country. By the death of the
+prince Holland was left without an effective leader, while in the duke
+Spain had one of the most accomplished and energetic generals of his
+age. Parma saw that Antwerp was the key to the situation, and he
+directed his whole attention to its capture.
+
+"Before this time the Prince of Orange had realized that the loss of
+Antwerp would be the loss of the whole of the region which is now called
+Belgium; and when it was clear in what direction his skilful antagonist
+proposed to operate, he had advised the cutting of the dike on your
+right, which would lay the country under water, and open a channel of
+communication with Holland and Zealand by water. Unfortunately, his
+advice was disregarded till the duke had secured the dikes--a neglect
+which caused the loss of Antwerp, and with it the whole of Flanders.
+
+"Though Parma had erected forts all along the banks of the river, the
+hardy Dutchmen ran the gantlet of them, and Antwerp was well supplied
+with food, the price being four times as much as in Holland. The people
+of the city, and even their leaders, ridiculed the idea of constructing
+the bridge, and took no steps to prevent it. The death of Orange caused
+a panic throughout the Netherlands, of which the shrewd Parma took
+advantage, and urged on his preparations. Though crippled in a measure
+by the neglect of his sovereign to supply him with men and money, the
+bridge was completed in the face of tremendous obstacles. It was
+twenty-four hundred feet long, and composed of thirty-two boats, or
+vessels, bound together by hawsers, cables, and beams. On each side was
+a wall of timbers, and on the structure guns were planted for its
+defence. A fort was erected at each end, heavily armed and manned.
+
+"When the bridge was finished, the Antwerpers, who had laughed to scorn
+the idea of such a structure, found that their supplies were cut off.
+They made two attempts to break through the bridge, but failed in both,
+though in one of them they made a breach by exploding a fire-ship, and
+destroyed nearly a thousand Spanish soldiers, and Parma himself was
+knocked senseless. The attempt was not followed up with sufficient
+energy, and the Spaniard had time to repair the work. Antwerp, deprived
+of provisions by the skill and determination of the duke, was starved
+out and compelled to surrender. The country continued under the Spanish
+yoke, while the United Provinces maintained their independence."
+
+The attentive audience which had gathered around the professor separated
+when he had finished the story. Some of them went aloft, to look over
+the dikes, and with their eyes followed the long lines of ditches and
+canals which extended into the interior.
+
+In the mean time, Mr. Hamblin walked the deck very uneasily, waiting for
+an opportunity to discuss his position with the principal. The studies
+of the classes were to be resumed on the following day, and he was
+anxious to know what disposition was to be made of him. The ship was
+already provided with an excellent instructor in Greek and Latin; and
+only in the department of mathematics was there a vacancy, made by the
+transfer of Mr. Fluxion. It would be impossible for Mr. Hamblin to teach
+anything but Greek and Latin, though he had had some experience in the
+other branches.
+
+Mr. Lowington seemed to be provokingly indifferent on the subject, and
+the professor was at last compelled to ask an interview, which, however,
+his dignity compelled him to defer till the ship was approaching
+Flushing, when the steamer was to leave her. The principal understood
+the character of the learned gentleman very well, and knew that any
+manifestation of anxiety on his own part would so inflate the vanity of
+the professor that he could do nothing with him; but he granted the
+interview when it was demanded.
+
+"Mr. Lowington, I am rather desirous of knowing what is to be done,"
+said the _savant_, when they were alone in the main cabin. "I find that
+Mr. Fluxion has been transferred to the place I filled on the Josephine.
+As you are aware, I was employed to teach Latin and Greek."
+
+"I am aware of it," replied the principal, still appearing to be
+singularly indifferent in such a momentous crisis, as it seemed to Mr.
+Hamblin.
+
+"I presume Mr. Fluxion is competent to teach the classics."
+
+"Entirely competent. He was assigned, in the beginning, to the
+department of navigation, on account of his knowledge of practical
+seamanship. I don't know that he has any superior as a teacher of the
+classics."
+
+Mr. Hamblin did not like this answer. The principal had no business to
+think that any one was _his_ equal in the department of Greek and Latin,
+especially the former. Mr. Fluxion had never written a Greek Grammar,
+compiled a Greek Reader, and edited the Anabasis. The remark of the
+principal was very injudicious.
+
+"Having been displaced from my position in the consort, I am rather
+desirous of knowing what is to be done with me," added the professor,
+choking down his disgust.
+
+"I hope we shall be able to make an arrangement that will be
+satisfactory to you, at least for the present," replied the principal.
+"I have had some consultation with the instructors; and Mr. Paradyme has
+obligingly consented to take the department of mathematics in the ship
+for a time, and the Greek and Latin will be assigned to you."
+
+"This arrangement is entirely satisfactory to me, Mr. Lowington,"
+answered the professor, who was really delighted to obtain what was
+regarded as the senior professorship in the squadron; and it seemed
+quite fitting that the place should be given to him.
+
+"This is only a temporary arrangement," added the principal, desirous to
+prevent any misunderstanding in the future.
+
+This was not entirely satisfactory to Mr. Hamblin, who thought a thing
+so fitly done ought to be permanent.
+
+"It is not pleasant for me to feel unsettled, and to be liable to a
+change at any time," said the professor. "I think I should prefer my
+place in the Josephine."
+
+"Since you and the captain of the Josephine cannot agree, it does not
+appear to be practicable for you to remain there."
+
+"Do you expect me to submit when insulted by a pupil, Mr. Lowington?"
+asked Mr. Hamblin, solemnly. "Will you allow a student to insult me?"
+
+"I will neither allow a student to insult you, nor you to insult a
+student," replied the principal, with the most refreshing frankness.
+
+"You will not allow _me_ to insult a pupil!" exclaimed Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"Certainly not."
+
+"Do you think me capable of doing such a thing?"
+
+"I am sorry to say you have proved that you are. You called one of them
+a puppy."
+
+"But not until--"
+
+"Excuse me, Mr. Hamblin. I do not purpose to discuss this matter again."
+
+"May I ask if you sustain Mr. Kendall in his conduct towards me?"
+
+"I do--fully."
+
+"I am astonished, sir!"
+
+"So am I--astonished that a gentleman of your learning and ability
+should so demean himself as to apply offensive epithets to his pupils.
+In the first place, you had no right to interfere with the discipline of
+the vessel; and when Captain Kendall told you that he commanded the
+Josephine, he said no more than the truth, and no more than the
+circumstances required him to say. In the second place, after you called
+him a puppy, and repeated the epithet, on the quarter-deck, I could not
+have blamed him if he had put you in irons. I approve his conduct
+fully. As you insulted him before his officers and crew, it was
+necessary that he should vindicate himself before them."
+
+"I am afraid this vessel is no place for me," said the professor, with
+extreme disgust.
+
+"I am afraid not, if you cannot observe the rules of the ship."
+
+"I think I have observed the rules, sir. Mr. Kendall used every means in
+his power to annoy me; and still you sustain him in it. He knows that
+you are partial to him."
+
+"I am not aware that Captain Kendall used any means to annoy you."
+
+"I think you do not know that boy as well as I do. A rope was thrown
+down upon my head: the offence was suffered to pass unnoticed by Mr.
+Kendall. I was wilfully or carelessly thrown into the river; the captain
+did not consult me, but made his inquiries in private, and of course the
+culprits escaped."
+
+"You were thrown into the river by your own carelessness, Mr. Hamblin. I
+saw the whole of it."
+
+"So Mr. Kendall told me, in the most offensive tones. I do not complain
+of these things; I only mention them for the sequel. A boy drenched me
+with water; he begged my pardon on his knees, and I forgave him; but
+this offence the captain punishes in the most severe manner. Why?
+Apparently because I--the only sufferer--had forgiven the offender."
+
+"It was necessary for the captain to put a stop to such pranks."
+
+"But he did not use good judgment. McDougal explained the matter, and
+was exceedingly sorry."
+
+"But he drenched you on purpose."
+
+"Impossible, sir!"
+
+The principal called one of the stewards, and sent for McDougal, who
+presently appeared. He had already confessed that the drenching was not
+an accident, and he repeated his statement, to the utter astonishment of
+the discomfited pedagogue. During the excursion on shore, some of the
+Josephines had told him that the trouble between Paul and the professor
+had been on his account; and he had made the confession in order to
+justify the captain, at whatever cost to himself. The spirited conduct
+of the young commander had filled the boys with admiration, and they
+were determined that he should not suffer, whoever else did.
+
+"You did it on purpose--did you?" repeated the _savant_. "May I ask why
+you did it?"
+
+"The fellows didn't like you, and were bound to get you out of the
+Josephine," replied McDougal, candidly.
+
+"The fellows!" exclaimed Mr. Hamblin. "Were there others concerned in
+this iniquitous transaction?"
+
+"More than a dozen of them."
+
+"Did you write the letter to me which purported to come from the Belgian
+Minister of Foreign Affairs?"
+
+"No, sir."
+
+"Who did?"
+
+"I don't know, sir."
+
+"You don't know! Don't lie to me," said the professor, sternly.
+
+"I do not."
+
+"I know," added the learned gentleman, turning to the principal.
+
+"McDougal, you say that a dozen boys were concerned in your proceedings.
+Who were they?"
+
+"I would rather not tell, sir. I am willing to own up to all I did
+myself."
+
+"You hear that, Mr. Lowington?" exclaimed the professor, with horror.
+
+"Of course I hear it, Mr. Hamblin," replied the principal, impatiently.
+"You may leave, McDougal."
+
+"Leave, sir!" ejaculated Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"Go, McDougal;" and he went. "You said you knew who wrote the fictitious
+letter, sir."
+
+"I do."
+
+"Who was it?"
+
+"Mr. Lowington, if that boy you sent away had told the whole truth, he
+would have confessed that Mr. Kendall was at the bottom of all these
+infamous proceedings."
+
+"Captain Kendall!"
+
+"Yes, sir; especially the plan to throw me into the water. When I
+demanded a boat, I mentioned the gig. It was refused. Why? Because the
+crew of the first cutter had been instructed to tip me overboard! It is
+very strange that no one but myself has been able to understand the
+vicious intentions of the boys."
+
+"The gig is the captain's boat. The regulations require the captain to
+give the professors the first cutter," explained Mr. Lowington.
+
+"I was not aware of it at the time; but I am satisfied that the crew of
+the first cutter had been instructed to pitch me into the river."
+
+"If they were, you were very obliging to assist them as you did," added
+the principal. "But go on. Do you suppose Captain Kendall instructed
+McDougal to drench you with water?"
+
+"Very likely."
+
+"And then inflicted the severest punishment upon him for doing it? It is
+absurd! That was the third and last offence. The captain put an end to
+these tricks by his well-timed energy, and I am sure he had no part or
+lot in them. Do you think he got some one to write the letter to you?"
+
+"No, sir; I think he did it himself," replied the professor, more
+calmly, as he came to what he considered his stronghold.
+
+"I am not willing to believe it."
+
+"I am prepared to prove it, sir."
+
+"If Kendall has been guilty of such conduct,--if it can be shown that he
+wrote the letter, or that he knew of its being written,--I will not only
+suspend him, but I will reduce him to a common sailor, and confine him
+in the brig," said the principal, with no little agitation.
+
+This strong speech looked like the dawn of reason to Mr. Hamblin, and he
+hastened to produce his evidence. The letter and several exercises
+written by Paul were first placed on the cabin table, to enable Mr.
+Lowington to compare the penmanship.
+
+"There is a strong similarity in them, I grant; but they are all written
+in the common school-boy hand of the United States," added the
+principal.
+
+"There is a stronger resemblance than that. The capital A's are the
+same; the small r's are identical."
+
+"But the small a's are different."
+
+"Doubtless he disguised his hand to some extent."
+
+"Is this all the proof you have?" asked Mr. Lowington, somewhat
+relieved.
+
+"No, sir," replied the professor, triumphantly, as he exhibited the
+paper he had taken from Paul's state-room, which was different from any
+he had been able to find in either vessel. "The paper is identical, you
+perceive."
+
+"I see that it is."
+
+"And no other student has such paper."
+
+"The ship has provided paper for the students, but none like this," said
+Mr. Lowington, with a sigh.
+
+"I think you will consider the case proved," added Mr. Hamblin,
+exultingly.
+
+"By no means. Enough has been shown to warrant an inquiry. I will make
+an investigation immediately."
+
+This was all Mr. Hamblin could ask; and, confident that Captain Kendall
+would be convicted, he left the cabin, as the captain of the Belgian
+steamer came in to settle for the towage.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XVI.
+
+CAPTAIN KENDALL'S DEFENCE.
+
+
+The squadron remained off Flushing long enough for Mr. Fluxion to visit
+the shore, and ascertain the condition of the "Wel tevreeden." The
+repairs were going on, but were not completed, and the cost of them
+could not yet be determined. The vice-principal, however, obtained such
+information in regard to the probable expense, as to enable him to make
+a final settlement. Captain Schimmelpennink came off to the Josephine
+with him on his return. It was certain that eleven hundred guilders
+would cover the whole expense of putting the galiot in perfect repair,
+and the balance of this sum was handed to the skipper.
+
+If there ever was a grateful man in the world, that man was the captain
+of the "Wel tevreeden." In addition to the energetic speeches he made
+through the interpreter, he indulged in some very pretty and significant
+gesticulations, which the officers and crew could comprehend. The
+students were happy in the good deed they had done--quite as happy as
+the the skipper himself. In addition to the sum expended, there was five
+hundred and fifty-four guilders in the hands of the treasurer, which was
+to be used for some similar object when presented to them.
+
+While Mr. Fluxion was absent at Flushing, Mr. Lowington had gone on
+board of the Josephine, and, taking Paul into his state-room, had
+exhibited the fictitious note to him, stating the charge made against
+him by Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"I need not say, Captain Kendall, that this is a very serious charge,"
+added the principal, solemnly.
+
+"I think it is, sir," replied Paul, blushing deeply. "If you think I
+wrote that letter, sir, I hope you will do your duty."
+
+"I certainly shall, though it break my heart."
+
+"Whatever you do, sir, it will not alter my regard for you."
+
+"I am already accused of partiality towards you, Captain Kendall," added
+Mr. Lowington. "I confess that I never had a pupil for whom I cherished
+so high an esteem and so warm a regard."
+
+"Thank you, sir. You are now, as you always have been, very kind to me,"
+replied Paul, hardly able to restrain the tears in which his emotions
+demanded expression.
+
+"I must say that I deem this charge groundless and absurd; but I cannot
+explain it away. The writing in the note resembles yours in some
+respects; and the fact that the kind of paper on which the note is
+written is found in your possession alone has not been explained. Do you
+know anything about this note?"
+
+"Nothing, sir; only that it came in the mail with the rest of the
+Josephine's letters."
+
+"When did you get the paper which Mr. Hamblin found in your writing
+desk?"
+
+"I bought it in Antwerp on Tuesday afternoon, when we went on shore,"
+replied Paul, promptly.
+
+"I shall be obliged to inquire further into this matter. You will have
+all hands called."
+
+They left the state-room together, and the first lieutenant ordered the
+ship's company to be piped to quarters. Without any definite
+explanation, the principal directed all the students to bring their
+stock of stationery on deck, and they passed in review before him,
+exhibiting the quality of their paper. At the same time Mr. Stoute
+searched the steerage for any which might have been concealed. If any
+student had purchased paper in Antwerp, it was not of the kind on which
+the forged letter had been written.
+
+"Young gentlemen," said Mr. Lowington, mounting his rostrum, "a
+practical joke is the stupidest thing in the world, when perpetrated at
+the expense of the feelings of others. Some one has put such a joke upon
+Mr. Hamblin, the very last person in the world to appreciate this
+species of humor. One of your number is charged with the act."
+
+"The old lunatic has laid it to the captain," whispered Terrill, who
+thus interpreted the mysterious proceedings of the principal and Paul.
+
+"The particular kind of paper on which the letter to Mr. Hamblin was
+written is found only in the possession of that one student," continued
+the principal, with an emotion he could not wholly conceal. "I desire,
+if any of you have any information in regard to the note, that you will
+communicate it at once."
+
+Mr. Lowington paused, and the boys looked blankly at each other. Even to
+them, at that moment, a practical joke seemed to be the stupidest thing
+in the world. There was a tremendous sensation among them; but no one
+volunteered to give the desired information.
+
+"Young gentlemen, although the evidence in my possession is not
+sufficient to condemn the student charged with the offence, it is enough
+to justify grave suspicions, and I shall be under the painful necessity
+of suspending him, and sending him on board of the ship for further
+examination."
+
+Paul was not half so much disturbed by this announcement as he had been
+by the trying scene with Mr. Hamblin, a few days before. It is the
+guilt, and not the loss of honor, the disgrace, which is hard to bear
+when one is charged with misconduct or crime. He stood with folded arms,
+submissive to the authority of the principal, and satisfied that the
+truth would prevail in the end.
+
+"Who is he?" asked one of the students in a suppressed tone, when the
+silence became painful.
+
+"Captain Kendall," replied the principal; and this name produced a
+tremendous thrill in the hearts of the ship's company.
+
+"No, sir! No, sir!" shouted some of the students.
+
+"Silence, young gentlemen! I know how you feel," interposed Mr.
+Lowington. "Although it would seem to me impossible that Captain Kendall
+should have written this letter, Mr. Hamblin distinctly charges him with
+the act, and I am sorry to add that there is some evidence to prove the
+charge."
+
+Mr. Lowington was more grieved than any other person on board, and it is
+more than probable that, in his great anxiety to avoid partiality, he
+ran into the opposite extreme, and exposed himself to the peril of
+doing injustice to his young friend.
+
+"Captain Kendall, you will consider yourself under arrest, and report on
+board of the ship," added the principal, turning to Paul.
+
+The young commander bowed submissively, and the boys wondered how he was
+able to take the matter so coolly.
+
+"It's a shame!" exclaimed Terrill, in a low tone, to Pelham.
+
+"Mr. Terrill," continued Mr. Lowington, "the command of the Josephine
+devolves upon you until further orders, and you will go to sea as soon
+as Mr. Fluxion returns."
+
+The first lieutenant started when his name was called, and suspected
+that he was to be taken to task for the remark he had just made. It was
+fortunate for him, perhaps, that the principal did not hear his
+energetic words, or the command might have been given to the second
+lieutenant, for Terrill's impulsive nature would have led him into some
+intemperate speech, so deeply did he feel for the captain.
+
+"I hope my command will be of very short duration, sir," said he, as the
+principal stepped down from the hatch.
+
+"I hope so, Mr. Terrill," answered Mr. Lowington. "Captain Kendall, you
+will repair to the ship in the barge."
+
+"I will be ready in a moment, sir," replied Paul, as he went below to
+obtain a few needed articles.
+
+"Captain Kendall, I am downright sorry for this," said Terrill,
+following him into his state-room.
+
+"Don't be at all disturbed about it," answered Paul, cheerfully. "I am
+glad Mr. Lowington has taken this course. I expect to be able to prove
+that I could not have written the letter, and I shall be restored as
+soon as we reach Rotterdam. It is a good deal better to be proved
+innocent than to be suspected of being guilty. Here is the key of the
+safe," he added, as he took it from his pocket and handed it to his
+successor.
+
+"It's lucky for old Hamblin he isn't on board of the Josephine," said
+Terrill, with an ominous shake of the head. "I think the fellows would
+throw him overboard before the vessel gets to Rotterdam if he were."
+
+"That isn't the right spirit, Terrill; and as a particular favor to me,
+I ask that you will not say a word about Mr. Hamblin. I have my own
+opinion in regard to him; and I suppose every fellow has; but the least
+said is the soonest mended. I hope you will not let the officers and
+crew indulge in any demonstrations of disapproval."
+
+"Not let them! I can't help it. I believe if old Hamblin was on board, I
+would join with the rest of the fellows in making a spread eagle of him
+on the fore shrouds," answered the commander _pro tem_.
+
+"Don't think of such a thing. Two wrongs won't make a right," said Paul,
+anxiously. "You and I have been first-rate friends, Terrill, and for my
+sake do not encourage or tolerate any demonstrations."
+
+"I will do the best I can, but I feel just like making the biggest row I
+was ever in since I was born."
+
+"Keep cool; you are going to sea right off, and you will have enough to
+do to look out for the vessel."
+
+"I shall do as you tell me, if I can; but only because you wish it. I
+think the fellows ought to give a few hearty groans, so as to be sure no
+one mistakes their sentiments."
+
+"Don't do it, Terrill," said Paul, as he led the way to the deck, with
+his bundle in his hand.
+
+When they went on deck, Mr. Fluxion had just returned in the first
+cutter; and great was his astonishment, and that of the boat's crew,
+when informed of the exciting event which had just transpired. The
+interview with the Dutch skipper changed the current of thought on board
+for the moment; but as soon as he departed, nothing was talked of but
+the arrest of the captain.
+
+Paul stepped into the barge with the principal, who was very sad and
+silent. As soon as they were on board of the Young America, and the
+barge hoisted up, orders were given to fill away again.
+
+"What does that mean?" asked Perth, when the barge was hoisted up, as he
+ran up to Wilton.
+
+"What?"
+
+"Why, there is Captain Kendall on the quarter-deck of the ship, and the
+Josephine is getting under way without him."
+
+"There's been a row somewhere; Kendall is one of the flunkies, but he's
+a good fellow for all that," added Wilton, who could not help giving
+Paul this tribute.
+
+"I'll tell you what it is," said Howe,--who was one of the barge's crew,
+and had heard all the proceedings on board of the Josephine,--as he
+joined them, "Kendall has been suspended, broken, turned out of office
+for writing that letter to old Hamblin."
+
+"Is that so?" demanded Perth.
+
+"That's so; but all the fellows in the Josephine say he didn't do it."
+
+"It would be a new idea for Kendall to do anything wrong--even to sneeze
+in prayer time."
+
+The order to man the braces interrupted the conversation; but the news
+went through the ship even before she had begun to gather headway. The
+matter was thoroughly discussed, and it was perfectly understood that
+Mr. Hamblin had preferred the charge upon which Paul had been broken or
+suspended. The commander of the Josephine was almost as popular in the
+ship as he was in the consort; and the indignation against the professor
+of Greek was hardly less violent in the one than in the other.
+
+"Captain Kendall, you will occupy the spare state-room in the after
+cabin, next to Flag-officer Gordon's," said Mr. Lowington to Paul, as
+they met after the ship was underway.
+
+"Thank you, sir," replied the young commander, who had seated himself
+near the companion-way.
+
+"As soon as supper is disposed of, I propose to examine into the charge.
+You shall have a fair trial."
+
+"I have no doubt of that."
+
+Mr. Lowington walked away, and Paul, who was much embarrassed by the
+continued expressions of sympathy extended to him by the officers of the
+ship, retired to his state-room to consider his line of defence.
+
+Mr. Hamblin, satisfied before, was delighted now. Justice seemed to be
+extending her tardy hand in his favor. The rebel against his mighty
+will had been suspended, and was actually under arrest. Of course the
+principal had acknowledged the validity of the evidence he had
+presented. The motive for such an annoying practical joke was patent to
+all in the squadron, while the quality of the paper and the resemblance
+of the writing were enough to convict the offender.
+
+The professor was enjoying his triumph, not vindictively, he persuaded
+himself, but in the sense that his own personal action and motives were
+on the eve of being justified. As the ship moved majestically down the
+river, he walked up and down, athwart ships, in a better mood to enjoy
+the scene which presented itself than ever before since he joined the
+squadron. He walked from rail to rail because Paul was seated on the
+quarter-deck, and he did not care to meet him. When the young commander
+went below, he walked fore and aft.
+
+The deck was crowded with students waiting for the supper bell to ring;
+and many an ugly and dissatisfied look was bestowed upon him; but the
+learned gentleman, in his triumph, was too well pleased with himself to
+notice them. Mr. Hamblin involuntarily extended his walk, from time to
+time, until it was continued to the forecastle, where the crew were
+collected in large numbers. Hardly had he passed the foremast on his
+first round, than he was saluted by a universal groan, so deep and
+hearty that he stopped short and looked at the crowd. They were silent
+then.
+
+"Young gentlemen," said the _savant_, sternly, "if that was intended as
+an expression of--"
+
+The remark of censure was brought to an abrupt termination by a very
+annoying incident. Mr. Hamblin had halted directly under the weather
+fore yard-arm, braced up so as to take the wind on the beam. Before he
+had reached this point of his remark, a new fellow by the name of
+Little, remarkable for his agility, dropped from the yard directly upon
+the top of the learned gentleman's hat, in fact, sitting down upon his
+"tile" as fairly and squarely as though the deed had been done on
+purpose, bringing with him the slack of the weather clew-garnet.
+
+The professor was prostrated to the deck by the weight of the little
+seaman,--for Little's name precisely described his stature,--while the
+unfortunate boy was thrown forward flat upon his face.
+
+"O, I'm killed, I'm killed!" cried Little, rising with much real or
+apparent difficulty, and pressing one hand upon his hip.
+
+"You rascal, you!" roared Mr. Hamblin from the inside of his hat, as a
+dozen boys sprang forward to pick him up.
+
+The professor was not a fashionable man, and did not wear a hat which
+would simply rest upon the top of his head, or which would pinch the
+depository of his ancient lore, and the weight of the student had
+pressed it far down over his eyes. With some labor he extricated his
+learned pate from its imprisonment, and glanced with dismay at the
+hat--a new one which he had bought in Antwerp to replace the one he had
+lost overboard in the hurricane.
+
+"You scoundrel!" repeated the _savant_, when he had removed the
+mutilated tile.
+
+"He didn't mean to do it, sir," said Perth, pointing to the bloody face
+of Little; "he's almost killed himself."
+
+"Are you hurt, Little?" demanded Mr. Lowington, rushing forward when he
+discovered what had happened.
+
+"Yes, sir; almost killed," groaned the poor boy, making the wryest face
+a boy ever made, and twisting himself into a contortion of body which
+none but an India-rubber youth like himself could have accomplished.
+
+"Pass the word for Dr. Winstock," added the principal, anxiously. "Are
+you much injured, Mr. Hamblin?"
+
+"I believe there is a conspiracy to take my life," growled the
+professor, without replying to the direct question.
+
+"Are you hurt, sir?"
+
+"Not so much in body as in my feelings," answered Mr. Hamblin, holding
+out his damaged hat. "It was done on purpose, sir."
+
+Dr. Winstock now appeared on the forecastle, and as Little seemed to be
+the greater sufferer, he attended to his case first. He examined the
+face of the boy, for by the most assiduous rubbing with his right hand
+while his left was devoted to the hip, he had contrived to besmear his
+face all over with the blood which flowed freely from his nose. The
+surgeon could find no wound on the face, and it was plain that there was
+nothing more terrible about the head than the nosebleed.
+
+"Where are you hurt, Little?" asked the doctor.
+
+"In the hip; it's broke!" replied the sufferer with an explosive groan.
+
+Dr. Winstock laid the patient down upon the deck, and proceeded to
+examine him with the greatest care. He declared that no bones were
+broken.
+
+"He appears to be suffering great pain," said the principal, anxiously.
+
+"He has probably wrenched a muscle in his fall, and that is almost as
+painful as a broken bone. He has received no serious injury," replied
+the doctor, as he lifted the patient from the deck.
+
+"I am glad it is no worse. How did it happen, Little?"
+
+"I was coming in from the weather yard-arm, sir. I should have gone down
+the leech of the foresail if you had not told me not to, sir. O!" gasped
+Little, distorting his face, and doubling up his lithe little body.
+
+"Never mind it now," added the principal, kindly.
+
+"I feel a little better, sir. Mr. Hamblin began to say something to the
+fellows on deck, and I stopped to listen. O!"--and Little doubled up
+again. "I caught hold of the clew-garnet, sir--O! I was leaning down to
+hear what Mr. Hamblin said, and bore my whole weight on the clew-garnet.
+It wasn't belayed, sir,--O!--and it let me down."
+
+Mr. Lowington desired to know what hands were stationed at the fore
+clew-garnets; but when they appeared, they were very confident they had
+belayed these ropes as usual. Little was advised to go below and turn
+in; but he preferred to remain on deck. As soon as the principal and the
+doctor had gone aft, the young reprobate turned to his companions, put
+his thumb to his bloody nose, and wiggled his fingers. Indeed, a
+remarkable cure seemed suddenly to have been wrought in his particular
+case; for he walked as nimbly as ever, until some of the officers came
+forward, when, unfortunately, he had a sudden relapse, from which he did
+not recover--when the "powers that be" were around--for several days.
+
+After supper Paul was sent for, and repaired to the main cabin, where he
+found the principal, the surgeon, Mr. Hamblin, and several of the
+professors. Mr. Lowington stated the charge preferred against Captain
+Kendall, mentioning the evidence in support of it. He then inquired of
+the professor if he had anything to add to what he had already said on
+the subject.
+
+Mr. Hamblin had something to add, but it was in the nature of an
+argument against the accused, rather than a statement of fact. He
+reviewed his life on board the Josephine since the troubles had
+commenced, enlarging upon the zeal with which he had discharged his
+duties. He gave his view of the difficulty between himself and the
+captain, as he had given it before; but he adduced no new proofs of the
+charges he preferred.
+
+"The only question before us at the present time, Mr. Hamblin, is in
+regard to the authorship of the letter purporting to come from Monsieur
+Rogier," interposed Mr. Lowington. "Have you any new evidence to bring
+forward?"
+
+"No, sir; I think the charge has been fully proved," replied Mr.
+Hamblin.
+
+"Captain Kendall, if you have any defence to make, I am ready to hear
+it," added the principal, turning to Paul.
+
+"I did not write the letter, and I had no knowledge whatever of it until
+Mr. Hamblin received it. Perhaps the writing resembles mine, but not
+very much. Will you let me take the letter, sir?"
+
+The note was handed to him, and he pointed out several letters which
+were different from any in the exercises by which the similarity had
+been shown.
+
+"Of course he would disguise the handwriting," interposed Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"The writing alone would not prove anything," added Mr. Lowington.
+
+"So far as the kind of paper is concerned," continued Paul, picking up
+the half quire which the professor had taken from his state-room, "I
+bought it in Antwerp for a particular purpose." He did not think it
+necessary to state that it was for his letters to Miss Grace Arbuckle.
+
+"Are you quite sure you bought it in Antwerp?" demanded the professor.
+
+"I shall prove that I did," replied Paul, indignantly. "I wish to say I
+had a hint that the officers and crew were very much dissatisfied with
+Mr. Hamblin, and--"
+
+"With me!" exclaimed the _savant_, as though it were quite impossible
+for the students to be dissatisfied with him.
+
+"Allow Captain Kendall to make his statement, if you please," said the
+principal.
+
+"But, Mr. Lowington, his statement is incorrect. I have been on the best
+of terms with the majority of my pupils. Only a few of the worst of
+them have manifested any ill-will towards me."
+
+"Go on, Captain Kendall," said the principal.
+
+"I am prepared to prove all I say. If I had known that this
+investigation was to take place to-day, I should have asked for the
+attendance of several witnesses. I used all my influence to prevent any
+one from playing practical jokes upon Mr. Hamblin. I desire to have the
+first lieutenant of the Josephine, and Duncan, examined."
+
+"What have they to do with it?" asked the professor, impatiently.
+
+"After doing what I could to prevent others from annoying Mr. Hamblin by
+practical jokes, it is not likely that I should indulge in them myself."
+
+"That is a good point; and to-morrow the witnesses shall be called,"
+said Mr. Lowington.
+
+"I will now ask Dr. Winstock to make his statement," added Paul, turning
+to the surgeon.
+
+"The letter is postmarked 'Anvers,'" said the doctor, picking up the
+letter from the table. "It is utterly impossible that Captain Kendall
+had anything to do with this document."
+
+"Why so, sir?" demanded Mr. Hamblin, nervously.
+
+"This letter passed through the Antwerp post-office. If Captain Kendall
+had mailed it there, I should have seen him do it. He was not out of my
+sight a single moment from the time we left the Josephine till we
+returned to her. This paper," added the doctor, taking up the half
+quire, "was purchased in Antwerp. I went into the shop with Captain
+Kendall, and looked at the quality of it before it was done up."
+
+"Are you satisfied, Mr. Hamblin?" asked the principal.
+
+"No, sir, I am not," replied the professor, decidedly. "I am by no means
+certain that the paper on which this letter was written was obtained in
+Antwerp. It does not follow because Dr. Winstock did not see Mr. Kendall
+mail this letter, that it was not mailed by him. I did not see him mail
+it; Mr. Lowington did not see him mail it. He could have sent it to the
+post-office by a dozen of his confederates."
+
+"Since Captain Kendall desires that the first lieutenant and Duncan
+should be heard, we will continue the examination till to-morrow," added
+the principal, rising from his chair.
+
+The hearing was adjourned, and Paul returned to his room.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XVII.
+
+MORE ABOUT THE DIKES AND DITCHES.
+
+
+The pilot of the ship was discharged at eight o'clock in the evening,
+and the two vessels stood on their course to the northward, with a fresh
+breeze from the south-west. They kept just outside of the continuous
+chains of shoals on the coast, but for nearly the whole time within
+sight of the numerous lighthouses which mark the various entrances of
+the Scheldt and the Maas. The masters on duty were kept very busy in
+consulting the charts and the sailing directions; but at one o'clock the
+squadron was off the Brielle Gat, which is the deepest entrance to the
+river.
+
+There are two principal passages by which vessels may reach Rotterdam
+from the sea. At the mouth of the Maas, or of the river which includes
+the Rhine, Waal, and Maas, there is a large island called the Voorne. At
+the north of it is the Brielle Gat, which is the most direct sea passage
+to the city; but the bar at its mouth has only seven and a half feet of
+water at low tide. At the south of the island is the Goeree Gat, by
+which the largest ships must enter, passing through the island in a
+canal.
+
+The Dutch pilot who boarded the ship, after learning her draught,
+declared that she could go over the bar of the Brielle Gat, and both
+vessels went up by this passage. At five o'clock in the morning the
+squadron came to anchor in the broad bay before the city of Rotterdam.
+
+Paul Kendall, free from all care, and not much disturbed by the cloud
+which hung over him, had turned out early to see the sights on the
+river. He had a splendid prospect of windmills, dikes, and ditches. The
+Dutch pilot spoke intelligible English, and the young inquirer laid him
+under contribution for his stores of knowledge. Paul asked a great many
+questions, which the pilot good-naturedly answered.
+
+Vlaardingen, the principal port engaged in the herring fishery, was
+pointed out to him. Every year this place sends out about a hundred and
+fifty vessels, or more than one half of the whole number engaged in this
+branch of the fisheries. On the 10th or 11th of June, in each year, the
+officers of the herring fleet go to the _Stadhuis_, or town hall, and
+take the prescribed oath to observe the laws regulating the fisheries of
+Holland. Three days later they hoist their flags on board, and go to
+church to pray for a season of success. On the following day, which is
+kept as a holiday in the town, the fleet sails. The fishing season ends
+on the 1st of November.
+
+The herring are highly prized by the Dutch, and the first which are
+caught by the fleet are sent home in the fastest vessels; and when they
+are expected, watchmen are stationed in the Vlaardingen steeple to
+announce their approach. The first kegs are sent to the king and his
+chief officers of state. One of these first cargoes produces about
+three hundred and twenty-five dollars, or eight hundred guilders.
+
+With a dense cloud of smoke hanging above it stood the town of Schiedam,
+which contains nearly two hundred distilleries for the manufacture of
+gin. Holland gin and Schiedam schnapps are regarded by those who indulge
+in these beverages as the best in the world. The place was surrounded by
+windmills, which are a principal feature of the scenery in all parts of
+Holland proper.
+
+After breakfast the signal was hoisted for the Josephines to attend the
+lecture on board the ship, and a boat was sent ashore, in charge of the
+steward, to procure the mail. The students were perched in the rigging,
+observing the strange scenes which presented themselves on every hand.
+The river was full of market boats loaded with vegetables, the principal
+of which was a coarse plant, with large, straggling leaves, used as
+cabbage or greens. There were large and small steamers plying in every
+direction, and the scene was quite lively.
+
+The Josephine's ship's company came on board, and all hands were piped
+to lecture. Professor Mapps was at his post, with the map of the
+Netherlands hanging on the foremast. His description of the dikes and
+ditches of Holland was very full; but such portions of it as have been
+given by Mr. Stoute will be omitted.
+
+"Young gentlemen," he began, "I have already called your attention to
+the physical geography of the Netherlands. The Rhine, which in Germany
+is the _Rhein_, and in Holland the _Rhyn_, has its mouths in Holland.
+Its length is nine hundred and sixty miles, and it is of vast importance
+to Europe in a commercial point of view, being navigable for large
+vessels to Cologne, and nearly to its source for smaller ones, though
+occasionally interrupted by falls and rapids above Basle. Vessels of one
+hundred tons go up to Strasbourg.
+
+"The Rhine enters Holland, and immediately divides into two branches,
+the southern being the Waal, and the northern retaining the original
+name. The Waal is the larger of the two, and flows west until it unites
+with the Maas, or Meuse, in Belgium, on one of whose estuaries our ship
+now floats. About ten miles below the Waal branch, the original Rhine
+divides again, the northern branch being called the Yssel, which flows
+north into the Zuyder Zee. Thirty miles below the Yssel, it divides for
+a third time, the southern branch being called the Leek, of which the
+arm that flows by Rotterdam is the more direct continuation, though all
+these branches are connected by frequent cut-offs. The original Rhine
+pursues its way to the German Ocean. The dunes, or sand-hills, formerly
+closed up this branch, and for a long period the water did not flow
+through it; but at the beginning of the present century a canal was
+opened through the old bed.
+
+"The Yssel formerly flowed into a fresh-water lake, where the Zuyder
+Zee, or Southern Sea, now is. Nearly the whole of the space occupied by
+this sea was then dry land; but the ocean, in the course of time, swept
+away its barriers, and covered the region with water, which is
+navigable, however, only for small vessels. Amsterdam is situated on an
+arm of this sea, called the Ij, or Eye, as it is pronounced. From the
+Helder, a point of land at the southern entrance to the Zuyder Zee, a
+ship canal, fifty miles in length, extends to the city. This is the
+'great ditch' of Holland. It is eighteen feet deep, and broad enough for
+two large ships to pass each other, having a double set of locks at each
+end, in order to keep the water of uniform height, as in a dock.
+
+"You are already familiar with the peculiar conformation of Holland.
+There is not a hill, a forest, or a ledge of rocks worth mentioning in
+the whole region. A large portion of its territory has been redeemed
+from the ocean by the most persevering labor, and by the most
+unremitting care and watchfulness is it kept from destruction. The sea
+is higher than the land, the lowest ground in the country being from
+twenty-four to thirty feet below high-water mark. The keel of the Young
+America, floating in some of the waters of Holland, would be higher than
+the ridge-pole of the Dutchman's cottage on the other side of the dike.
+
+"These low grounds, formerly swamps and lagoons, which lie below the sea
+level, are called _polders_. These were originally charged with water,
+and merely shutting out the sea was only half the battle. As in Ireland,
+the principal fuel of the people is peat, or turf, ten million tons of
+which are annually used. Immense excavations have been made in the
+polders to obtain the peat; and the inhabitants stand an ultimate chance
+of being robbed of their country by fire as well as by water.
+
+"The natural lakes and the peat-holes--the latter from twelve to twenty
+feet deep--formed extensive water-basins. Some of you will remember the
+turf diggings in the great bog in Ireland, as we passed through it on
+our way to Killarney. The peat was not dug out in trenches, but the
+entire surface of the land was skimmed off, just as workmen in the city
+dig away a hill. It was so in Holland; and you must understand that the
+bottom of these peat-beds forms the land now improved as gardens and
+farms.
+
+"These depressions of the surface were filled with water. The first
+thing to be done is to shut out the ocean and its tributaries--all those
+rivers of which I have been speaking, that form a network of canals all
+over the country. For this purpose a dike is built on the border of the
+land to be enclosed. Take, for example, the Island of Ysselmonde,--the
+land next south of us,--and Holland really consists of nothing but
+islands formed by the rivers and the natural and artificial canals. It
+will, therefore, be a correct specimen of the system of dikes and
+ditches throughout the country, though some of the sections are subject
+to greater or less difficulty in the drainage, owing to various causes,
+which will be explained.
+
+"When the dike around Ysselmonde is finished, the country is protected
+from inundation from without. Sometimes in winter the river may be
+blocked with ice, which stops the passage of the water. All the ice from
+the Rhine and Meuse must pass through these rivers on their way to the
+sea, and, being stopped in a narrow place, it forms a dam. In 1799 a
+large portion of Holland was threatened with total destruction, on
+account of one of these blockades. Behind the dam the water rose seven
+feet in one hour, overflowing the dikes, and breaking through them. This
+danger is incurred every winter; but disaster is generally warded off by
+the vigilance of the dike-keepers.
+
+"We will suppose that the dike we have built around Ysselmonde protects
+it from the exterior water; but as the water in the Maas, at high tide,
+or even at low tide, is above the surface of the polders, they cannot be
+drained by the ordinary ditches; and it is necessary to remove the water
+by mechanical means. For this purpose windmills are erected on the
+dike,--as you see them in every direction,--many of which work
+water-wheels, pumps being but seldom used. The apparatus for removing
+the water is of several kinds, including a scoop-wheel, the screw of
+Archimedes, and the inclined scoop-wheel. The water is not lifted to any
+considerable height by these instruments.
+
+"When the height to which the water is to be raised is too great to be
+accomplished by the agency of one machine, a series of them is
+introduced. Supposing the land in the middle of Ysselmonde to be twenty
+feet below the level of the Maas, four series of operations would be
+required to lift the water. The central portion is enclosed by a dike,
+with a _ringsloot_, or canal, outside of it. The windmills raise the
+water five feet. Outside of this, as the level of the land rises,
+another canal and ditch are made, and the water is lifted another five
+feet; and the process is repeated until the water is finally discharged
+into the river. The ditches which separate the different tracts of land
+are used as highways, for conveying the harvest to market, the
+difference of level being overcome by locks. Of course the character of
+these works depends upon the formation of the land.
+
+"The soil of the polders thus drained is remarkably rich and productive.
+The two chief exports of Holland are butter and cheese, the low lands
+furnishing excellent pasturage for cattle.
+
+"In the service of the government is a special corps of engineers,
+called _Waterstaat_, who are employed in watching the waters and the
+dikes, and in guarding against any breaking of the latter. In the winter
+time, which is the period of the greatest peril to the dikes, these men,
+many of whom are gentlemen of the highest scientific culture, are
+stationed near the places where danger is apprehended. Buildings
+containing all the necessary materials and tools for repairing the
+embankments are provided, and, indeed, all precautions which skill, and
+science, and care can bring are at hand; for the safety of the country
+depends upon these structures.
+
+"The coat of arms of one of the Dutch provinces is a lion swimming,
+having this motto: _Luctor et emergo_, 'I strive and keep my head above
+water,' which seems to be the whole business of the Dutch people,
+figuratively and literally. If you visit the great dike of the Helder,
+as I hope you will, you may stand on the low land within it, and hear
+the thunder of the sea, as it beats against the dike, fifteen feet
+higher than your head.
+
+"The canals of Holland serve a triple purpose. They are the highways of
+the country, they drain the land, and they serve as fences. You travel
+all over the region in the canals, and all the productions are conveyed
+upon them. The roads are for the most part built on the tops of the
+dikes, but they are not solid enough to permit their use by
+heavily-loaded wagons. Many of them are paved with bricks, on account of
+their spongy nature, which answers very well for the passage of light
+vehicles.
+
+"The people seem to have a peculiar affection for these ditches, and you
+will often find that the Dutchman has his little private canal,
+extending around his house, apparently only to gratify his national
+vanity, though perhaps really it is his fence. Even here in Rotterdam, I
+have noticed a filthy ditch, from four to ten feet wide, between the
+house and the road. It is nearly filled with water, which is covered
+with a vile green scum. The wonder is, that this stagnant water does not
+breed a pestilence.
+
+"The principal canals are sixty feet wide, and six feet deep, though of
+course many in the cities and elsewhere, intended for the passage of
+large vessels, are broader and deeper.
+
+"With this imperfect statement of the physical characteristics, as a
+basis for your observation, I leave the subject to say a few words about
+the government and history of the country.
+
+"William III. is the present king of the Netherlands. He is forty-seven
+years old, and is a lineal descendant of William of Orange, and a
+grandson, on the mother's side, of Czar Paul I. of Russia. He has a
+salary, or civil list, of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars a year,
+which is pretty fair pay for ruling over a kingdom about the size of the
+State of Maryland, or of Massachusetts and Connecticut united, and
+containing a population about equal to that of the State of New York.
+
+"The government is a limited monarchy, the whole legislative power being
+vested in the two chambers called the States General. The First Chamber
+consists of thirty-nine members, elected by provincial councils, from
+those inhabitants who pay the highest grade of taxes. The Second Chamber
+contains seventy-two members, elected by general ballot; but only those
+who pay taxes to the amount of fifty dollars a year are voters. All
+measures appropriating money for any purpose must originate in the
+Second Chamber, which is the popular body, and become laws only when
+assented to by the sovereign and the First Chamber. The king executes
+the laws with the aid of seven ministers, who receive a salary of five
+thousand dollars a year.
+
+"Free toleration is allowed to all religious sects. Protestants are
+largely in the majority, the proportion being as twenty to twelve.
+Education is generally diffused among the people. In 1863 the revenue of
+the Netherlands amounted to forty-one millions of dollars. The Dutch
+have extensive colonial possessions in the East and West Indies, and on
+the west coast of Africa. The regular home army contains fifty-nine
+thousand officers and men. Its navy consists of fifty-eight steamers and
+eighty-one sailing vessels.
+
+"I do not think you will be likely to realize the poetic ideal of the
+Dutchmen, young gentlemen. Though they drink a great deal of beer and
+Schiedam schnapps, you will seldom find them intoxicated; and I have
+never been able to see that they smoke any more than the people of our
+own country. They are not necessarily fat and clumsy. The men are of
+medium stature, in no special degree distinguished from other people in
+Europe and America. The women are very domestic, and very cleanly in
+their persons and in their dwellings. The Dutch people are prudent,
+economical, beforehanded.
+
+"In the brief sketch I gave you at Antwerp of the history of the
+Netherlands, that of Holland was included up to the period of the murder
+of the Prince of Orange, which occurred in 1584, while he was
+Stadtholder of the Seven United Provinces. At his death, his son, Prince
+Maurice, was elected Stadtholder in his father's place. He was then only
+seventeen years of age, but he proved to be a young man of great
+military ability, and commenced a glorious career, which ended only with
+his life, in 1625. With the bright example of Prince Maurice before
+them, I think our young captains of his age may be encouraged."
+
+This remark "brought down the house," and more than fifty of the
+students glanced at Paul Kendall, whose "improbable" achievements in the
+Josephine were the admiration of everybody in the squadron, except
+Professor Hamblin.
+
+"Philip II. died in 1598, and his successor continued his efforts to
+conquer the Dutch, but without success. By this time Holland had created
+the most powerful navy in the world, and with her seventy thousand
+seamen swept the commerce of the Spaniards from the seas, even in the
+remotest waters of the globe. The galleons and treasure ships from the
+colonies of Spain were captured, and their rich booty poured into the
+exchequer of the Dutch. The monarch of Castile was almost impoverished
+by these losses; and, deprived of the means to carry on the war of
+subjugation, he agreed, in 1609, to a truce of twelve years.
+
+"Religious dissensions then broke out in Holland, which soon assumed a
+political turn. The Stadtholder, Prince Maurice, was ambitious to become
+the hereditary sovereign of Holland, in which he was opposed by
+Barneveldt, a venerable judge, aided by De Groot, or Grotius, a noted
+Dutch scholar and statesman. The opposition were styled 'remonstrants.'
+The judge was charged with a plot to hand his country over to the
+tyranny of Spain; and though he was a pure patriot, he was condemned and
+executed. Grotius, by an expedient which would have been deemed
+improbable in a novel, escaped from the Castle of Loevestein.
+
+"At the expiration of the truce, Spain renewed her efforts to conquer
+Holland; but, after a war of twenty-seven years, the independence of the
+country was acknowledged in the peace of Westphalia. During this period
+the Dutch maintained their supremacy on the sea, attacking the Spanish
+possessions in all parts of the world, and especially in the East
+Indies, where they commenced the foundation of their empire in that part
+of the globe.
+
+"The growing naval power of Holland excited the apprehensions of
+England, and war was the consequence, in which the Dutch Admirals Van
+Tromp De Ruiter, and De Witt, as well as Admiral Blake of the British
+navy, won imperishable renown.
+
+"Prince Maurice was succeeded at his death by his brother Henry; but, in
+1650, the office of Stadtholder was abolished, and that of Grand
+Pensionary substituted. John De Witt held the position.
+
+"In 1668, France having seized upon the Spanish Netherlands, Holland
+united with England and Sweden to check the power of the French monarch;
+but Charles II., subsidized by Louis XIV. of France, deserted his ally.
+England and France united, won Sweden over, and formed a league against
+Holland. Louis invaded Holland with an army six times as large as the
+Dutch could bring into the field, and conquered three provinces. The
+quarrel between the house of Orange and the party headed by the Grand
+Pensionary still continued to rage. The supreme power was in the hands
+of the States General. De Witt proposed to establish the government of
+Holland in the East India possessions, as Portugal did in Brazil, rather
+than submit. The representative of the house of Orange encouraged the
+people to resist at home, and declared that he would 'die in the last
+ditch.' As the formation of the country rendered it exceedingly probable
+that the 'last ditch' was to be found somewhere in Holland, the advice
+of this Prince of Orange was adopted. The popular current turned in his
+favor, and against the Grand Pensionary, who was murdered by a mob at
+The Hague.
+
+"The Prince of Orange was elected Stadtholder, and is known as William
+III. Instead of seeking the 'last ditch' himself, he opened it for the
+benefit of the invaders. The dikes were cut, and the country was so
+thoroughly inundated that the French army was forced to retire, after
+sustaining very heavy losses. Peace was made with England in 1674, and
+three years later, the Stadtholder married Mary, daughter of James, Duke
+of York, who became king of England at the death of his brother Charles
+II. By the revolution of 1688, William and Mary were declared joint
+sovereigns of England.
+
+"When William III. died, his cousin and next heir was not recognized as
+Stadtholder of Holland, the anti-Orange party being in the ascendant. A
+republic was again organized under Heinsius; but, in 1747, the prince
+again prevailed, and the line of the Stadtholders was resumed under
+William IV., who was succeeded by William V. In 1795 the Batavian
+Republic was established, under the influence of the French Revolution,
+France having conquered the country.
+
+"In 1806, Napoleon remodelled the government, and placed his brother
+Louis, the father of the present French emperor, upon the throne. Louis,
+who was a very moderate and sensible man, offended his brother by ruling
+his kingdom in the interest of Holland rather than France, and, after a
+brief reign of four years, was compelled to abdicate. Napoleon then
+annexed Holland to France.
+
+"At the downfall of Napoleon the Netherlands were erected into a
+kingdom, which included Belgium, as I have before stated, and the Prince
+of Orange was made king, under the title of William I. The present
+sovereign is his grandson. The Belgian Revolution of 1830 deprived
+Holland of one half of its territory, and more than half of its people;
+but these events I mentioned in my lecture at Antwerp."
+
+Mr. Mapps retired, and Mr. Lowington took his place.
+
+"Young gentlemen," said the principal, "this afternoon we shall make a
+steamboat excursion to Dort, and through some of the arms of the sea, to
+enable you to see Dutch life from the water. On Monday we shall start on
+a grand excursion through Holland, visiting the following places in the
+order in which they are mentioned: Delft, The Hague, Leyden, Harlem,
+Amsterdam, Sardam, Broek, Alkmaar, The Helder, and Utrecht. The
+programme will enable you to see all the interesting points of Holland,
+including the capital, the drained lake of Harlem, and the great dike of
+the Helder.
+
+"The water of Holland is very bad, and drank in any considerable
+quantities would probably make you sick. Spring water, brought from
+Utrecht in stone jars, may be obtained in the large towns. Whenever it
+is practicable, I shall see that you are supplied with it; but avoid the
+common water. You will now resume your studies."
+
+Mr. Hamblin took his place with the other professors, and the studies of
+the ship went on as usual. The mail came on board, and, when school was
+dismissed, the letters were distributed. The first lieutenant of the
+Josephine and Duncan were invited to the main cabin to give their
+evidence in regard to the trouble between Paul and the professor.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XVIII.
+
+AN EXCURSION AMONG THE DIKES.
+
+
+Terrill and Duncan, with the letters in their hands which they had just
+received, entered the main cabin. They were called upon, in the presence
+of Mr. Lowington and Mr. Hamblin, as well as Captain Kendall, to give
+their testimony, which went to show that the commander was thoroughly
+and heartily opposed to any demonstration against the obnoxious
+instructor.
+
+"What did Mr. Kendall say to you?" asked Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"He asked me to use my influence with the fellows to prevent anything
+being done, and wished me to let them all know that he would not
+tolerate anything irregular," replied Duncan.
+
+"Did he, indeed!" sneered Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"He did, indeed," answered Duncan, with a twinkle of the eye.
+
+"How happened he to say as much as this to you?" demanded the professor.
+
+"Because, being an old friend and schoolmate of Captain Kendall, I
+happened to tell him that the fellows were inclined to haze Mr.
+Hamblin."
+
+"To haze me!" exclaimed Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"I understand that we are to tell the whole truth here," added Duncan,
+who seemed to enjoy the confusion of the learned gentleman. "I didn't
+hear of any particular plans; but the fellows kept hinting at
+something."
+
+"Did they, indeed?"
+
+"They did, indeed."
+
+"But you don't know what they were?"
+
+"I do not, sir."
+
+"Can you tell me who wrote the letter I asked you to translate?"
+
+"No sir, I cannot."
+
+Mr. Lowington asked some questions of the witness; and it was evident to
+him that the disaffection on board of the Josephine was more general
+than he had before suspected. Terrill was called upon to explain still
+further the position of the captain; and Duncan opened his letters,
+being, as all the boys were, anxious to hear from home. He had two
+letters. Besides the one from his mother, there was another postmarked
+at Cologne, which he read after he had finished the first.
+
+As Duncan read this Cologne letter his face became quite red, and he was
+not a little agitated. By the time he had finished both of them, the
+first lieutenant had told all he knew in regard to the captain's
+position. He was very candid in making his statement, and took no pains
+to conceal the general disgust felt on board of the consort at the
+conduct of Mr. Hamblin; and he took no pains to conceal the fact that he
+shared the feelings of his shipmates.
+
+"I should like to add something to my former statement, if you please,
+Mr. Lowington," said Duncan, rising, with the Cologne letter in his
+hand.
+
+"What do you wish to add?" asked the principal.
+
+"I know now who wrote the letter to Mr. Hamblin."
+
+"Who?"
+
+"Richard H. Linggold."
+
+"Who is he?"
+
+"He is an old schoolmate of mine, whom I met in Antwerp the afternoon we
+first went ashore there," replied Duncan, who now appeared to be
+considerably embarrassed.
+
+"Was he a schoolmate of Mr. Kendall also?" demanded Mr. Hamblin, who was
+more anxious to connect the letter with him than to promote the
+discipline of the students.
+
+"No, sir; I don't think Captain Kendall ever saw Linggold."
+
+"We are to conclude, Duncan, that you put him up to this mischief,"
+added Mr. Lowington.
+
+"Yes, sir; I did," answered Duncan, candidly.
+
+"Why did you virtually deny all knowledge of the letter when I appealed
+to the ship's company before the suspension of Captain Kendall,"
+continued Mr. Lowington, sternly.
+
+"I will explain. I met Linggold in Antwerp, and spent an hour with him
+at the Hôtel St. Antoine, where he was staying with his uncle. He wanted
+to know about the academy squadron, and I told him all about both
+vessels. As the trouble we had had in the Josephine was uppermost in the
+minds of all of us, I told him all about that."
+
+"Did you, indeed?'? said Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"I did, indeed. I am willing to acknowledge that I intended to join with
+the rest of the fellows in hazing Mr. Hamblin."
+
+"Are you, indeed?" sneered the professor, so wrathy that it was
+impossible for him to keep his seat, and he began to stride up and down
+the cabin.
+
+"I am, indeed. About a dozen of us were going to write letters to Mr.
+Hamblin from all the big bugs, including Louis Napoleon, the King of
+Holland, the King of Belgium, and all the Ministers of State whose names
+we could find out."
+
+"Were you, indeed?" gasped the _savant_, passing before the witness.
+
+"We were, indeed. I told Linggold what we were going to do, and he
+promised to help me, being a first-rate French and German scholar; but I
+told him we didn't want any help, and that he would get me into a scrape
+if he meddled with the matter. I meant to have the letters mailed in
+some place where none of us ever went. I told Linggold I wanted him to
+take the letters and mail them at Cologne, and other places he went to
+in his travels; and he promised to do so. I didn't think of such a thing
+as his writing any letter after what I said. I left him then, and
+haven't seen or heard from him since till now. He must have written the
+letter right off, and mailed it at once, for it came on board the
+Josephine that night."
+
+"Do you mean to say that you didn't know this letter was to be written?"
+demanded Mr. Hamblin, sharply.
+
+"Yes, sir."
+
+"When I asked you to give me a translation of it, were you not aware
+that it was a forgery?"
+
+"I supposed it was."
+
+"You knew it was!"
+
+"No, sir; I did not. I had no knowledge whatever in regard to the
+writer. It did not occur to me, after what had passed between Linggold
+and me, that he wrote the letter. I believed it was done by some fellow
+on board. When the captain was arrested, all the fellows tried to find
+out who had sent the letter, but no one would acknowledge it."
+
+"Did you write any letters of this description, Duncan?" asked the
+principal.
+
+"No, sir. I had two conversations with the captain; and when he asked me
+to do what I could to prevent any tricks being played upon the
+professor, I determined not to have anything to do with the letters, or
+any practical jokes of any kind. I can bring a dozen fellows to prove
+that I said all I could to keep them from playing any tricks."
+
+"What does your friend say in his letter?"
+
+"He says the joke was so good he couldn't resist the temptation to send
+the first letter to the professor himself, and wants to know why I
+didn't send the letters to him that I promised?"
+
+"Why didn't you?"
+
+"After what the captain said, I persuaded the fellows not to write the
+letters, and I did not write any myself. This letter is on the same kind
+of paper as that," added Duncan, pointing to that which Paul had.
+
+"Are you satisfied, Mr. Hamblin?" asked Mr. Lowington.
+
+"No, sir, I am not," replied the professor, decidedly. "It appears that
+there was an organized conspiracy against me in the consort."
+
+"But it does not appear that Captain Kendall had anything to do with
+it," added the principal, mildly.
+
+"These boys are deceitful."
+
+"Some of them are," replied Mr. Lowington, taking his pen and writing a
+few lines. "Duncan, I am not satisfied with your conduct."
+
+"I am not satisfied with it myself, sir," answered Duncan. "Perhaps I
+ought to have known where that letter came from when Mr. Hamblin asked
+me to translate it; but I supposed some of the fellows on board had done
+it."
+
+"Didn't you recognize the writing of your friend?"
+
+"No, sir; it is very much like that of half a dozen fellows on board."
+
+"It is very much like Mr. Kendall's," said Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"Linggold, Captain Kendall, and myself, all learned to write in the same
+school."
+
+"Then Mr. Kendall knows this Linggold?"
+
+"No, sir; he didn't go to the school till Captain Kendall left."
+
+"I suppose not," added the incredulous professor. "I am still of the
+opinion that Mr. Kendall wrote that letter."
+
+"I am entirely satisfied that he did not write it. Duncan, you will
+remain on board of the ship. Mr. Terrill, you will return to the
+Josephine, pipe to muster, and read this order. Captain Kendall will
+return with you."
+
+"What is the order?" demanded Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"'All charges against Captain Kendall being disproved, he is hereby
+reinstated, and ordered to resume the command of the Josephine,'"
+replied the principal, reading the order.
+
+"Mr. Lowington, I protest--"
+
+"I have heard you patiently, Mr. Hamblin, and have given my decision,"
+interposed the principal, directing the students present to retire.
+
+Paul bowed to Mr. Lowington, and left the cabin. The investigation had
+ended as he had supposed from the beginning that it would end.
+
+"Mr. Lowington, I protest against this decision," repeated Mr. Hamblin,
+angrily. "I feel obliged to say that there has been a great lack of
+judgment in managing this unpleasant business."
+
+"And I feel obliged to remind you, Mr. Hamblin, that I am the principal
+of this academy squadron. My decision is final," replied Mr. Lowington,
+with dignity, as he rose from his chair and left the cabin.
+
+"Snubbed by the boys, snubbed by the principal!" exclaimed the learned
+gentleman. "Dr. Winstock, did you ever witness a more ridiculous farce
+in your life?"
+
+"Never, sir," replied the surgeon. "It seems to me that you insist upon
+condemning Captain Kendall, guilty or innocent."
+
+"I have no doubt whatever of his guilt. Those boys are all in league
+with each other, Kendall included. There is a conspiracy to annoy me,
+and to get rid of me; but they will find they have mistaken their man
+in me, if they haven't in anybody else! Dr. Winstock, I tell you the
+letter Duncan held in his hand was a fiction! I have been with students
+all my life, and I know them."
+
+"Why a fiction?"
+
+"That Duncan, who is a very plausible young man, and a friend of
+Kendall, mind, is at the bottom of all this mischief. He wrote the
+Cologne letter himself. It was got up, and sent enclosed to the
+postmaster at Cologne, who of course forwarded it to Rotterdam. It is a
+trick to disprove the charge against Kendall."
+
+Mr. Hamblin was very much excited, and developed his theory in full to
+the surgeon, who quietly pointed out its discrepancies. He insisted that
+the students of the Josephine had thorned and irritated him for the sole
+purpose of getting rid of him, and that Paul was at the bottom of the
+mischief.
+
+"When Mr. Lowington has been among students as long as I have, he will
+understand them better," he added, triumphantly, for he was satisfied
+that he had established his position. "The Josephine is an utter
+failure! The plan is absurd and ridiculous. The senior professor has no
+authority; or it is divided with a boy who hates Greek!"
+
+Dr. Winstock had heard quite enough on the subject, and it was a great
+relief to him when the dinner-bell rang. At this moment three times
+three rousing cheers came over the water from the Josephine. It was not
+difficult to determine the occasion of this demonstration; but Mr.
+Hamblin declared it was another evidence that the students in the
+consort were all in league, and that the captain of her, instead of
+being cheered, ought to be in the brig.
+
+Before the dinner was finished, a Dutch steamer, which Mr. Fluxion had
+engaged, came alongside the ship, and all hands were piped on board. She
+then went to the Josephine, and received her company.
+
+"This steamer does not seem to be much different from those we saw in
+England," said Paul, as he seated himself with Dr. Winstock where they
+could see the country on both sides of the river.
+
+"Not very different, but it is very unlike an American boat," replied
+the surgeon.
+
+"The steering apparatus is not like anything I ever saw before," added
+Paul. "The helmsman stands on a raised platform, and his wheel revolves
+horizontally."
+
+"All the Rhine steamers have that arrangement."
+
+"I think a wheel-house forward is ever so much better. I see the cook is
+a woman."
+
+"Yes; all the Rhine steamers have female cooks. This boat, I believe,
+belongs to the Moerdyk line. Passengers from Antwerp come by railroad to
+Moerdyk, and there take the steamer to Rotterdam. This country is very
+favorable to railroads in being level, but very unfavorable in the
+number of rivers and cut-offs to be crossed, which it is impossible to
+bridge."
+
+The steamer stood up the Leck, and turned into the Merwe, which is a
+branch five or six miles in length, connecting the Leck and the Waal. On
+each side was a dike, of course; but the view from the steamer showed
+only an ordinary bank. The top of it was broad, and occasionally there
+was a neat cottage or a little inn upon the top of it. The roof or
+chimney of a house beyond it was frequently observed, otherwise the
+uninformed traveller would not have suspected the character of the
+country. The embankment was studded with windmills, placed on the
+highest ground, to give the sails the full benefit of the wind. Some of
+them were used for grinding grain, some for sawing lumber, and others
+for forcing the water up from the low ground into the river.
+
+The steamer passed from the Merwe into the Waal, and stood up the river.
+There was but little variation in the scenery. The wall of dikes on
+either side was uninterrupted. Sometimes they were lined with rows of
+trees, between which was the common road; at others they were bare and
+naked. The captain of the steamer told them that a portion of the
+country in the vicinity was lower than the bottom of the river. The
+whole region seemed to be saturated with water, and the wonder is that
+the people can go to bed at night with any assurance that they will not
+be drowned out before morning.
+
+"There is the Castle of Loevestein," said the captain of the boat, who
+spoke good English, "and the fort below has the same name."
+
+"Did you ever hear of it before?" asked Mr. Mapps, who was on the
+lookout for places of historical interest, as he turned to a group of
+seamen.
+
+"You mentioned it this morning," replied one of the students.
+
+"In what connection?"
+
+"Some man had a wonderful escape from it," added another.
+
+"Who was that man?"
+
+"A Dutchman with a Latin name."
+
+"Grotius, or De Groot," added Mr. Mapps. "The Stadtholder, Prince
+Maurice, the boy general and ruler, wished to make himself hereditary
+sovereign of the Netherlands, and was opposed by the judge, Barneveldt,
+and Grotius. The prince carried the day; Barneveldt was executed, and
+Grotius imprisoned in this castle, where he was kept nearly two years.
+He was very strictly guarded at first; but his wife, finding that the
+vigilance of the sentinels was relaxed, devised a scheme for effecting
+his liberation. The books, papers, and linen of the prisoner were
+conveyed to him in a large box, which the guards, having so often
+searched in vain for contraband articles, at last neglected to examine.
+The box, and the carelessness of the soldiers, suggested to the wife of
+Grotius the means of getting her husband out of the castle.
+
+"She prepared the chest by boring some holes in it, for the admission of
+the air, and took her servant-girl into her confidence. The box was
+conveyed to the apartment of Grotius, and the project explained to him.
+He did not relish the idea of being shut up in a chest, and rolled about
+in a boat; but his wife's entreaties prevailed over his scruples. It was
+pretended that the box was filled with books which the learned man had
+borrowed in Gorcum, the town which you see on the other side of the
+river.
+
+"The chest, containing the philosopher, was conveyed by the soldiers
+down to the boat, in charge of the servant-girl. When one of them
+complained of its weight, the man said it was the Arminian books which
+were so heavy; for Grotius was an Arminian in his theology. The soldier
+suggested that it was the Arminian himself; but this was intended as a
+joke, and the box was tumbled into the boat. The servant made a signal
+with her handkerchief to her mistress, who was looking out of the
+window, to indicate that all was right.
+
+"When the boat reached Gorcum, the box was conveyed to the house of a
+friend of Grotius, of whom it was presumed that he had borrowed the
+books. The servant-girl told him that her master was in the box, and
+begged his assistance; but he was so terrified, in view of the
+consequences, that he refused to have anything to do with the matter.
+His wife, however, had more pluck in the service of a friend, and,
+having sent all her domestics out of the house on various errands, she
+opened the box, and released the philosopher from durance vile.
+
+"Grotius, who had suffered no serious inconvenience from his confinement
+in the box, which was only three and a half feet long, was disguised as
+a mason, and, with a rule and trowel in his hand, was conducted to a
+boat, and sent into Belgium, where he was safe from pursuit.
+
+"The philosopher's wife remained in the room occupied by her husband in
+the castle, and used every means to conceal his escape. She lighted the
+lamp in his room at dark, by which the governor of the prison was
+deceived. She was arrested and imprisoned for a short time; but when
+discharged, she joined her husband in Paris, whither he had gone."
+
+"There is a frigate in the Dutch navy called the Marie van
+Reigersberch, named for the wife of Grotius," added the captain of the
+steamer, who had been an attentive listener to the story.
+
+The steamer went but a short distance farther up the Waal, and then came
+about. She soon reached Dort, or Dordrecht, where she made a landing,
+and the students wandered for an hour through the streets of this
+ancient town.
+
+"This is a musty old place," said Paul, as he walked up one of the
+streets with a canal in the middle of it, in company with Mr. Fluxion
+and the surgeon; "I shouldn't feel safe here unless I lived in a boat."
+
+"Many of the people live in boats, as you perceive," added Mr. Fluxion,
+as he pointed to a gayly-painted craft, on the deck of which was a group
+of children.
+
+At the little window in the stern sat a woman, sewing, while another was
+knitting near the cabin door. There were white muslin curtains at the
+stern ports, and what could be seen of the interior of the apartment
+indicated that it was kept extremely neat.
+
+"I think I should prefer to live in something that would float, in case
+of accident," laughed the doctor, "especially in this part of Holland.
+The operation of the water is wonderful. The channel in front of Dort
+was formed by an inundation which separated the town from the main land,
+leaving it deep enough to float the largest Indiaman."
+
+"The Leck, on which we sailed for a time after leaving Rotterdam, was a
+canal dug by the Romans to connect the Rhine and the Waal," added Mr.
+Fluxion. "A freshet cleaned it out, and tore away its banks so as to
+make the present broad river of it. In an inundation a few years later,
+seventy-two villages were swept away, and one hundred thousand people
+lost their lives. Thirty-five of these villages were never heard from
+afterwards, and not even their ruins could be found."
+
+"I should emigrate if I lived here," said Paul.
+
+"The people of Holland are very much attached to their country," replied
+Dr. Winstock.
+
+"Well, they ought to be, on the principle that we like best what has
+cost us the most trouble to procure," added Paul. "It seems to me a
+great pity that people should struggle here to keep their heads above
+water, when we have so much spare land in America. We could take them
+all in without feeling it."
+
+"Dutchmen would not feel at home on high ground."
+
+"We could plant them down in Louisiana, and even treat them to an
+occasional inundation."
+
+"Certainly we should be very happy to accommodate them with a country.
+We have a great many Dutchmen already, and they make thrifty,
+industrious, and useful people," continued the doctor. "But I think, if
+Holland were blotted out of existence, the world would miss it very
+much."
+
+"This is a great lumber port," said Mr. Fluxion. "Those great rafts
+which float down the Rhine from Switzerland are mostly brought to this
+place. I hope the boys will have a chance to see one of those rafts, for
+they are stupendous affairs. One of them sometimes contains a hundred
+and fifty thousand dollars' worth of lumber, and has a crew of four or
+five hundred men."
+
+"I think I heard Mr. Lowington say that we were to go down the Rhine,"
+replied Paul.
+
+"That is the Kloveniers Doelen," said Mr. Fluxion, as he led his
+companions into a back street and pointed out an old Gothic building.
+"It was here that the Protestant divines discussed the doctrines of the
+reformed religion, whose 'miraculous labors made hell tremble,' to quote
+the words of its presiding officer. The assembly is called in history
+the Synod of Dort. The building, as you may see by reading the sign, is
+now a low public house and dance-hall."
+
+"Reading the sign!" exclaimed Paul, laughing; "a fellow would knock all
+the teeth out of his head in attempting to speak some of these words."
+
+"But many of them are very like English words. A dike is a _dijk_."
+
+"Steamboats are _stoombooten_," said Paul; "and a street is a straat.
+What are canals?"
+
+"_Grachten_; the drawbridge is _ophaalbruggen_."
+
+"Whew!" whistled Paul.
+
+"But you can observe something like open-bridge in the sound. You see
+that the _spiegels_ are very common here."
+
+"I see they are; but I haven't the least idea what they are."
+
+"The little mirrors placed outside the windows."
+
+"I saw plenty of them in Antwerp."
+
+"They are not as common there as in Holland, where they are to be seen
+attached to almost every house. By this contrivance a Dutch dame can see
+every person that passes in the street, without raising the blinds. But
+I think the hour is nearly up, and we must return to the steamer," said
+Mr. Fluxion.
+
+The party went on board, and the steamer returned to Rotterdam by a
+different route from that by which she had come. The next day was
+Sunday. After the second service on board the ship, Mr. Fluxion, having
+occasion to go on shore, invited Paul to accompany him.
+
+"It will not seem much like Sunday to you in Rotterdam," said the
+vice-principal, as they landed at the _quai_.
+
+"I supposed the Dutch were very strict."
+
+"Some of them are. Look down that street," said Mr. Fluxion, as he
+pointed to the broad avenue which bordered the great river. "You observe
+that the _quais_ are all lined with ships. In the houses opposite live
+the merchants. They occupy the upper stories of the buildings, while the
+lower are used as counting-rooms and storehouses. The ship-owner sits at
+his parlor window and witnesses the unlading of his vessel."
+
+They walked up to the Hôtel des Pays-Bas, which the traveller is
+informed by its card is situated in the _Korte Hoogstraat, wijk No.
+287_, where Mr. Fluxion desired to see a gentleman who had engaged to
+meet him there. In one of the public rooms a party were playing cards,
+drinking, and smoking, and talking Dutch in the most vehement manner.
+After a stay of an hour at the hotel, they returned to the _quai_,
+passing through _Zandstraat_, which was filled with people, shouting,
+singing, and skylarking. About every other shop appeared to be a
+drinking saloon, in which a fiddle or a hurdy-gurdy was making wild
+music, while the floor was crowded with men and women dancing.
+
+In another street they encountered a mock procession of girls and boys,
+singing in the most stormy manner as they marched along. It was not at
+all like Sunday, and Paul was so shocked at the desecration of the day,
+that he was glad to regain the silence of his cabin in the Josephine.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XIX.
+
+A RUN THROUGH HOLLAND.
+
+
+Like that of all impulsive men, the wrath of Mr. Hamblin was
+short-lived, though he still felt that he was greatly abused, greatly
+distrusted, and greatly under-estimated; and the last was the greatest
+sin of all. After the first blast of his anger at the final decision of
+the principal had subsided, he was disposed to be more politic. Mr.
+Lowington had snubbed him, which was a great mistake on Mr. Lowington's
+part.
+
+Mr. Hamblin knew that he was an older man than the principal, and he
+felt that he was a wiser one, and his employer ought to consult him,
+defer to his opinion, and take his advice. He did not do this to the
+extent the learned gentleman demanded; and the Academy Ship was the
+sufferer thereby, not himself. If Mr. Lowington could stand it, he
+could, disagreeable as it was. If Mr. Hamblin had been pecuniarily
+independent, he would have thrown up his situation, and visited the
+classic lands alone; but as he was not able to do this, he decided to
+submit to Mr. Lowington's caprices, and give the institution the benefit
+of his valuable services.
+
+If the students had known of this decision, they would have remonstrated
+against it. As it was, they protested in their own way. On Saturday
+night, after the return of the students from the excursion, while the
+_savant_ was promenading the deck for his needed exercise, not less than
+three practical jokes were played off upon him. The crew were squaring
+the yards, hauling taut the sheets, lifts, and braces, and putting the
+deck in order for Sunday. The professor was tipped over by getting
+entangled in a piece of rigging, a bucket of water was dashed upon his
+legs, and a portion of the contents of a slush-tub was poured upon him
+from the main-top. No one seemed to see him; the students appeared to be
+struck with blindness, so far as the learned gentleman was concerned. It
+is true that the rogues who pulled the brace, dashed the water, and
+upset the slush-tub, were immediately committed to the brig; but this
+did not seem to afford much comfort to the victim.
+
+On Sunday morning it was necessary to commit three more; but the whole
+six were released in the evening, because they could not sleep in the
+brig. Mr. Lowington was annoyed quite as much as the professor; and when
+Mr. Fluxion came on board, he had a long conversation with him on the
+subject.
+
+"I was a boy once, Mr. Lowington," said the vice-principal; "and I am
+free to say I would not have tolerated such an instructor as Mr.
+Hamblin. He hasn't a particle of sympathy with the students. He is
+haughty, stiff, and overbearing. He is imperious, fretful, snarling, and
+tyrannical. In a word, I don't blame the boys for disliking him."
+
+"I am conscious that he is not the right person. In the case of Kendall,
+he protested against my decision, and had the impudence to tell me that
+I lacked judgment. I have engaged him for a year. What shall I do?"
+replied the principal.
+
+"I hardly know; but we shall be in trouble as long as he is in the
+squadron. We must give the boys fair play, if we expect them to do their
+duty."
+
+"I have kept Duncan on board the ship, and I suppose I must punish him,"
+added Mr. Lowington. "He plotted mischief, but he has really done
+nothing."
+
+"Excuse me," said Dr. Winstock, as he opened the door, but retreated
+when he saw that he disturbed a private interview.
+
+"Come in, doctor; I wish to see you," replied the principal.
+
+The surgeon was admitted to the conference, and the case stated to him.
+
+"The pedagogue of the past is rapidly going out of fashion," said the
+doctor. "Our educational system is progressive, and it will no longer
+tolerate the teacher who is the petty tyrant he was twenty years ago.
+Mr. Hamblin is an old-school pedagogue. His will is law, which is all
+right to a certain extent. The teacher must be the judge between right
+and wrong; but he must be gentle and kind, and raise no false issues
+between his pupil and himself. Mr. Hamblin is not gentle and kind. He is
+capricious, wilful, and passionate."
+
+"I agree with you in regard to Mr. Hamblin; but what shall I do?"
+
+"Discharge him," replied the doctor, promptly. "Any instructor who
+cannot get along with Paul Kendall, without quarrelling, is not fit for
+his place. The students of the Josephine have hazed Mr. Hamblin out of
+pure sympathy for their captain."
+
+"I have engaged Mr. Hamblin for a year from the 1st of July."
+
+"I should pay him his salary in full, and let him depart in peace, if he
+would."
+
+"We need his services as an instructor."
+
+"So far as that is concerned, I will volunteer to take the department of
+mathematics. I was a tutor in college in that branch for a couple of
+years."
+
+Mr. Lowington thanked the surgeon for this offer; and the call to divine
+service in the steerage terminated the interview. The principal's
+advisers spoke his own opinions; and the only thing that embarrassed him
+in getting rid of the obnoxious professor was the bad conduct of the
+students in regard to him. It was emphatically wrong for them to "haze"
+an unpopular professor; and Mr. Lowington was not willing to act under
+apparent compulsion.
+
+The school studies were continued as usual through the forenoon of
+Monday. After dinner, dressed in their best uniforms, with bag and
+blanket, the students were conveyed to the shore for their trip through
+Holland, which was to occupy three or four days. The first afternoon was
+to be occupied in exploring Rotterdam, and, as usual, Paul Kendall and
+Dr. Winstock kept together.
+
+"This is the _Hoogstraat_," said the doctor, when they reached the
+principal street of the city.
+
+"Does that mean _Hog Street_?"
+
+"Not at all," laughed Dr. Winstock. "It means the _High Street_. It is
+situated on the top of an old dike or dam, built to keep the Maas from
+overflowing the country behind it. One of these canals is formed out of
+the River Rotte. This stream and this dam gave the name of _Rotterdam_
+to the place."
+
+"Whose statue is that?" asked Paul, when they came to a wide bridge over
+a broad canal.
+
+"That is the statue of Erasmus, who was born in Rotterdam."
+
+"Never heard of him."
+
+"He was a noted theologian and classical scholar, who made his mark in
+the polemical discussions of Germany and Switzerland in the time of the
+Reformation. This is the _Groote Markt_, or market-place, of Rotterdam,"
+added Dr. Winstock, when they had crossed the bridge.
+
+[Illustration: A DISAGREEMENT AMONG THE DOG TEAMS.--Page 314.]
+
+It was a great square, in the middle of which the canal widened into a
+basin for the accommodation of the market boats, by which the meats and
+vegetables are brought from the country. There were plenty of dog teams
+passing in and out of this square, and at rest there, which amused the
+young Americans hugely. The vehicle--a little cart or wagon, sometimes
+large enough to contain four of the great polished brass milk-cans,
+holding from ten to twenty gallons, and sometimes no bigger than a baby
+carriage--was generally in charge of a woman. In some of them the dog
+was regularly harnessed in a pair of shafts; but in the larger ones
+there was a division of labor between the driver and the animals. The
+woman held the shafts, while the dogs, from two to six in number, were
+attached to various parts of the vehicle. If there were but two of them,
+they generally trotted under the wagon, being harnessed to the
+axletree; if more than two, the others were hitched on ahead of her, and
+at each side of her. The dogs were of all sorts and sizes, and seemed to
+be patient and well trained in the discharge of their duty. In some
+instances, while the woman held the shaft, a stout man walked behind,
+with a stick in his hand, officiating as general manager of the team,
+including his "_vrow_"!
+
+"There's a row!" shouted Paul, as they approached the banks of the
+canal.
+
+"That's not an uncommon scene in Holland," replied the doctor, laughing.
+
+One of the first-class dog teams had incautiously been conducted too
+near another team, reposing, after the labors of the day, on the verge
+of the canal. Some canine demonstration on the part of the idle dogs,
+doubtless, excited the ire of the travelling team, and, without asking
+the woman's permission, the latter deserted the ranks, so far as their
+harness would permit, and "pitched into" the others, which sprang to
+their feet, and met the assailants half way. All the dogs howled,
+growled, and barked vehemently, and in a moment the two teams were
+rolling upon the ground, entangled in their rigging, snapping, biting,
+and kicking, in mad fury.
+
+The woman seized a stick, and belabored the belligerents with great
+vigor; but the fight continued, in spite of her, until several women
+interfered, and dragged the cart of the idlers, clogs and all, out of
+the reach of the others. The driver, after severely whipping her charge,
+unsnarled their rigging, and went on her way. Paul had to stop and laugh
+frequently at these dog teams, the animals presented so many different
+phases of character. Some of them howled or barked as they trudged
+along; and many manifested a desire to make the acquaintance of other
+teams on their way, much to the annoyance of the driver, who would storm
+at them in Dutch, kick and whip them.
+
+Many of the men, women, and children wore sabots, or wooden shoes, which
+Paul compared to canal boats, and went clumping and clattering along the
+streets like champion clog-dancers. The Flemish cap, worn by some of the
+peasant women, also amused Paul very much. From each side of the
+wearer's head, near the eye, projected a brass ornament, in the shape of
+a spiral spring, but each circle diminishing in size till the wire ended
+in a point, like a gimlet.
+
+In the older parts of the city the tourists found brick buildings whose
+walls slant outwards, so that the eaves would project eighteen inches
+over the base, as farmers in New England sometimes build their
+corn-barns.
+
+Rotterdam contains about as many canals as streets, which are frequently
+crossed by draw-bridges. Some of these are handsome iron structures,
+revolving on a balance, so as to make a passage on each side when open.
+Others were raised by heavy framework overhead; and in some of the
+bridges there was only an opening one or two feet wide, to permit the
+passing of the vessel's masts.
+
+After examining the canals and bridges in this part of the city, Paul
+and the doctor walked to the church of St. Lawrence, which is noted for
+its great organ, ninety feet high, and containing sixty-five hundred
+pipes.
+
+"Now, Paul, we will take a carriage and ride up to the park, and go
+from there to the railway station," said the doctor, as they left the
+_Groote Kerk_.
+
+"What is that man eating?" asked Paul, as they passed through one of the
+dirtiest parts of the city, where, on the bank of the canal, a woman was
+standing behind a table loaded down with a heap of shellfish, just as
+they came from the mud.
+
+The customer was taking them from the shells, drinking at intervals from
+a cup.
+
+"They are a kind of mussel; I never had confidence enough to taste of
+them," laughed the doctor. "The condiments are in the cup, I suppose. Do
+you wish to try them?"
+
+"No, I thank you; my stomach is not lined with zinc, and such a vile
+mess as that would be too much for it. Those cakes look better," added
+Paul, pointing to a stand where a man and woman were cooking waffles, or
+flapjacks, which were eaten by the purchasers in a neat little booth.
+
+"Those are very nice," said the doctor. "We will try some of them. You
+never need have any suspicions of the neatness of these Dutch women."
+
+They went into the booth, and were soon supplied with a couple of the
+cakes, hot from the furnace, and covered with powdered white sugar. Paul
+agreed that they were very nice.
+
+"The signs amuse me quite as much as any thing else, and I am studying
+Dutch by their aid," said Paul, as they continued on their way.
+
+"Read this, then," added the doctor, handing him a yellow paper bag he
+picked up in the street, on which was a shopkeeper's advertisement.
+
+"I can read some of it," replied Paul; and the reader may help him.
+
+   In de Mooriaan.
+   Deze en meer andere soorten van
+   TABAK, SNUIF, SIGAREN, KOFFIJ,
+   THEE ENZ
+   _zijn te bekomen bij_
+   D. B. SCHRETLEN,
+   Zandstraat, Wijk 5, No. 447,
+   ROTTERDAM.
+
+"Tobacco, snuff, cigars, coffee--these are plain enough. What does 'Wijk
+5' mean?"
+
+"That is a division or ward of the city, like E. C. and W. C., in
+London."
+
+The carriage was obtained, and they rode to the park, which, however,
+had no particular attractions. With the exception of the canals, and the
+manners and customs of the people, there is little to see in Rotterdam.
+On the way they met a funeral, the carriages of which were peculiar; and
+the driver of the hearse wore a black straw hat, with a brim more than a
+foot wide, and with great white bands at his neck.
+
+At five o'clock the students had all collected at the station of the
+_Hollandsche Spoorweg_, or Holland Railroad; and in twenty minutes the
+train set them down at Delft, the port from which the Speedwell sailed
+with a portion of the Pilgrim Fathers of New England. The name of the
+town is derived from "_delven_," to dig. It contains twenty thousand
+inhabitants, and was formerly noted for its pottery manufacture, which
+was called Delft ware, from this place.
+
+The party went immediately to the _Prinsenhof_, now a barrack, which was
+the building in which the Prince of Orange was assassinated. The spot
+where the murder took place was pointed out. A descriptive stone in the
+wall records the event. From this place they passed on to the Old
+Church, nearly opposite, which has a leaning tower, and saw the tomb of
+Van Tromp, the great Dutch admiral, the hero of thirty-two sea-fights.
+In the New Church is the monument of the Prince of Orange. His statue
+rests upon it; and at the feet of the great man is represented a little
+dog. The inscription was translated by Mr. Mapps, and the allusion to
+the dog afforded the professor an opportunity to tell a story.
+
+"While the prince was asleep in his camp, near Mechlin, the Spaniards
+attempted to murder him," said he, "and would probably have succeeded
+had if not been for this little dog. As the assassins approached the
+tent, the dog discovered them, and jumped upon his master's bed, barking
+furiously, and tugging at the clothing with his feet and teeth. The
+prince was awakened, and succeeded in making his escape. When his master
+was killed, twelve years later, this dog pined away and died."
+
+"Perhaps he died of old age," suggested one of the students.
+
+"The story is, that he refused to eat from grief. I cannot vouch for it;
+but he was a good dog, and deserves the mention made of him on the tomb.
+This church contains the burial-vaults of the present royal family of
+Holland."
+
+At six o'clock the train was off for The Hague, and arrived there in
+fifteen minutes. On the way, the spire of the church at Ryswick, where
+the treaty of 1697 mentioned in all the school histories, was framed,
+was pointed out to the students. Accommodations had been engaged in the
+city for the company and they remained here over night.
+
+The Hague, or, as the Dutch call it, _S'Gravenhage_, and the French _La
+Haye_, is the capital, and has a population of eighty-one thousand.
+Though it was the residence of the stadtholders in former times, it was
+only a small village, and its notable features are of modern origin.
+Barneveldt was executed and the De Witts murdered here. The Picture
+Gallery and the Museum were specially opened for the young Americans.
+The works of art were hastily viewed, and the students passed into the
+Cabinet of Curiosities, of which there is a vast collection, including
+an immense number of dresses, implements, and models illustrating life
+in Japan and in China.
+
+Among the historical relics are the armor worn by the admirals De Ruiter
+and Van Tromp; the portrait and sword of Van Speyk, who blew up his
+vessel on the Scheldt; a part of the bed of Czar Peter the Great, on
+which he slept while working at ship-building; the last shirt and
+waistcoat worn by William III. of England; the dress in which the Prince
+of Orange was murdered; the pistol of the assassin, with two of the
+bullets; a model of Peter's cabin at Zaandam, or Sardam, and many other
+objects of interest which seemed to bring the distant past before the
+eye of the beholders.
+
+Early the next morning the students were roaming at will through the
+city, anxious to see what they could of its handsome streets, the
+principal of which is the Voorhout, lined with trees, and flanked with
+splendid edifices. After breakfast the train bore them on to Leyden. On
+the way, at the suggestion of Mr. Fluxion, the train, which was a
+special, was stopped, and the students were allowed half an hour to
+explore some beautiful gardens which abounded in this vicinity. Many of
+them belonged to the country seats of wealthy gentlemen, and were as
+magnificent as fairyland itself.
+
+But what pleased Paul more than the gardens of rich men, was an
+opportunity to visit the house and grounds of a citizen in humbler life.
+Mr. Fluxion asked the permission, which was readily granted.
+
+"You needn't take your shoes off here, as you must in some parts of
+Holland, before you enter a house; but you must wipe them very
+carefully," said the vice-principal. "The greatest sin against a Dutch
+housewife is to carry any dirt into her premises."
+
+Paul made sure that not a particle of dust clung to his feet, and
+entered the cottage. It was plainly furnished; but everything was as
+clean, and white, and neat as though the room had been the interior of
+the upper bureau drawer. Dr. Winstock ventured the remark, that Dutch
+husbands must be the most miserable men in the world, since it could not
+but be painful to be so excruciatingly nice.
+
+The proprietor of the house had about half an acre of land, which
+constituted his garden. It was laid out with winding walks and fanciful
+plats of ground, filled with the richest-hued flowers. It contained a
+pond and a canal, on a small scale; for a Dutchman would not be at home
+without a water prospect, even if it were only in miniature. At the end
+of the garden, overlooking the pond, there was a grotesque little summer
+house, large enough to accommodate the proprietor and his family. Here,
+of a summer afternoon, he smoked his pipe, drank his tea, coffee, or
+beer, while his wife plied her needle, and the children played at the
+door.
+
+"What is that inscription on the house?" asked Paul, as they approached
+the building.
+
+"_Mijn genegenheid is voldam_," replied Mr. Fluxion.
+
+"Exactly so! I understand that, and those are my sentiments," laughed
+Paul; "but what does it all mean?"
+
+"'My desire is satisfied,'" replied the vice-principal.
+
+"He is a happy man if that is so," added the doctor.
+
+"Many of the Dutch label their garden houses with a sentiment like
+that," continued Mr. Fluxion. "I have seen one somewhere which smacks of
+Yankee slang--'_Niet zoo kwaalijk_.'"
+
+"I should say that was slang," interposed Paul.
+
+"It means, 'Not so bad.'"
+
+"Well, it isn't so bad, after all," added the doctor, glancing back at
+the "_zomerhuis_," as they retired, with many thanks to the proprietor
+for the privilege granted to them.
+
+The hoarse croaking of the locomotive whistle, which appeared to have a
+cold in its head, drummed the students together again, and the train
+proceeded.
+
+"This is the Rhine," said the doctor, as they went over a bridge.
+
+"The Rhine!" exclaimed Paul, jumping out of his seat. "Why, it isn't
+anything!"
+
+"That is true; but you must remember that this is the old Rhine,--the
+part which was dug out, robbed of the burden of its waters by the Yssel,
+the Leck, and the Waal. The Rhine of Germany is quite another affair.
+The mouth of the Rhine is eight miles below Leyden. It was closed for a
+thousand years."
+
+"What became of its waters? They must have gone somewhere," said Paul.
+
+"They disposed of themselves in various small streams, and worked their
+way to the ocean, or soaked into the sands. The mouth of the river was
+opened in 1809, by an engineer, under the direction of Louis Napoleon,
+King of Holland. But the ocean at high tide was higher than the river,
+and to prevent the sea from flowing back into the country and disturbing
+the system of dikes, immense gates were made in the sluiceways
+constructed for the purpose. When the tide comes in, these gates are
+shut. At low tide they are opened to let the water out. Indeed, this is
+true of all the canals, which are provided with gates at each end, like
+a dock. The dikes at the mouth of the Rhine are stupendous works; and as
+the foundation is nothing but sand, they are built on piles, and the
+face of them is of stone. This is Leyden."
+
+"What is there here?" asked Paul, as they got out of the carriage.
+
+"It has about the same sights as Delft, and also a celebrated
+university; but it is more noted for its siege by the Spaniards, in
+1574, than for anything else. Doubtless Mr. Mapps will fight the battle
+over again."
+
+Of course the professor of geography and history could not lose such a
+glorious opportunity, and in the _Stadhuis_, where the picture of Peter
+Vanderwerf, the burgomaster who so bravely defended the place in the
+memorable siege, was pointed out, he took advantage of the moment.
+
+"The city had held out four months," said he, after introducing the
+topic, "when the worst came. The Prince of Orange had promised to assist
+the people by supplying them with food; but so close was the blockade of
+the place by the Spaniards, that it was impossible to do so. They were
+reduced to the very verge of starvation. Dogs, cats, rats, horses, were
+greedily eaten. Six thousand of the people died of pestilence, which
+came with the famine, and there was hardly force enough to bury the
+dead. Though pressed and threatened by the citizens, the inflexible
+burgomaster refused to surrender the town. At last a couple of carrier
+pigeons flew into the city, which brought the intelligence that the
+prince had cut the dikes, and sent Admiral Boiset to their relief when
+the rising waters should drive the Spaniards away. But the waters did
+not rise high enough to enable the admiral to approach, and the people
+prayed to Heaven for help. It came. A storm and a gale forced the waters
+far up the river to the walls of Leyden. Boiset, with eight hundred
+wild Zealanders, fought their way through the Spaniards, perched in the
+trees, in boats, or in such places above the water as they could find,
+and made his way into the town. A thousand of the enemy were drowned.
+Leyden was saved, and the people celebrate the day of their deliverance
+up to the present time.
+
+"As a reward for their bravery and dogged perseverance, the prince gave
+them the choice of a university or exemption from a portion of their
+taxes. They chose the former, and the University of Leyden was the
+result."
+
+After a hasty walk to a few of the points of interest in the town, the
+journey was resumed, and in twenty minutes the party was set down in
+Harlem. In the _Groote Kerk_ of St. Bavon, they listened to the playing
+of another great organ, including imitations of bells, and the _vox
+humana_, or "_nux vomica_," as some of the students persisted in calling
+it. Harlem is famous for its hyacinths and tulips, the passion for which
+grew out of the great _tulip mania_, two hundred years ago, when single
+cuttings of these bulbs were sold for four thousand florins, and even at
+higher prices. They are raised not only in gardens, but in fields
+hundreds of acres in extent; for they are a very important article of
+commerce, the gardens of Europe being supplied from this vicinity.
+
+Harlem resisted the Spaniards with the same vigor and determination that
+distinguished Leyden, though with a less fortunate result; and Mr. Mapps
+was too glad to tell the exciting story. The town held out till
+starvation was inevitable, when it was decided by the brave defenders to
+form in a body around their women and children, and fight their way
+through the enemy. The Spaniards, hearing of this scheme, sent in a flag
+of truce, offering pardon and freedom, if the town and fifty-seven of
+the chief citizens should be given up. This number of the principal men
+volunteered to be the sacrifice, and the terms were accepted; but the
+bloodthirsty Duke of Alva, having first murdered the fifty-seven
+citizens, entered upon an indiscriminate massacre of the people, of whom
+two thousand were slain. When the executioners were weary with the
+slaughter, the victims were bound together in couples, and thrown into
+the Lake of Harlem. Four years later, the town fell into the hands of
+the Dutch again.
+
+After the professor had finished the siege of Harlem, the party walked
+along the Spaarne to the machinery used for draining the low land
+formerly covered by the lake. This territory, three hundred years ago,
+was dry land; but an inundation gave it over to the dominion of the sea.
+About twenty-five years ago, the States General of Holland undertook to
+drain it, by forming a double dike and canal entirely around the
+district, thirty-three miles in circumference, and containing forty-five
+thousand acres. Three huge systems of pumps were erected, to be worked
+by steam, and the task of discharging an average depth of thirteen feet
+of water was begun. After four years' pumping, the lake was dried up,
+and the land was sold at the rate of about eighty-five dollars an acre.
+The machinery is still required to keep the water down. One engine works
+eleven pumps, with a lift of thirteen feet, discharging sixty-three tons
+of water at a stroke.
+
+The travellers took their places in the train, and in a few minutes were
+conveyed over the causeways into Amsterdam, in season for the two
+o'clock dinner.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XX.
+
+ADIEU TO HOLLAND AND PROFESSOR HAMBLIN.
+
+
+After dinner the party, in charge of a couple of the city officials, who
+had given them a welcome, went to the Palace, the noblest building in
+Amsterdam. It rests upon nearly fourteen thousand piles, driven seventy
+feet through the mud to "hard pan." During the reign of King Louis, it
+was his residence, and the other sovereigns of Holland used it when they
+visited the city. Its remarkable feature is an imposing hall, one
+hundred and twenty feet long, fifty-seven feet wide, and one hundred
+feet high. The interior is lined with Italian marble, and adorned with
+works of art.
+
+"Young gentlemen," said Mr. Mapps, taking position in this great hall,
+"Amsterdam contains a population of two hundred and sixty-eight
+thousand. In shape, it forms rather more than the plane of a half
+circle, the circumference being composed of the walls of the city,
+outside of which is an immense canal. Inside of the walls there are four
+principal canals, extending nearly around the city. Take the transverse
+section of the trunk of a chestnut tree, divide it, with the grain of
+the wood, into two equal parts, and the top of one of them will give you
+the plane of the half circle. The layers of the log, formed by each
+year's growth, would indicate the canals and the intervening spaces
+covered with buildings. The heart of the city, however, is irregular.
+
+"Each of these canals is situated in the centre of a broad street. The
+Keizers Gracht, or Canal, is one hundred and forty feet wide. They are
+not circular, but form the sides of an irregular decagon. Other canals
+intersect the principal ones, so that all parts of the city may be
+visited in boats or vessels. The River Amstel flows through the town by
+a winding course; and Amsterdam is derived from the name of this stream
+and the dam built over it, in former days, on the spot where this
+edifice is located.
+
+"The Y, or the Ij, is an arm of the Zuyder Zee, and forms the diameter
+of the half circle; but it is bent in the shape of a bow. The water is
+admitted to the canals by the Amstel. At low tide the water in the
+Zuyder Zee is only six or seven inches below the level of this river,
+and great difficulty is experienced in obtaining a circulation of water
+in the canals, where it stagnates, and affects the health of the city.
+All the canals and openings from the sea are protected by flood-gates
+and sluices. The canals which cut up the city divide it into no less
+than ninety islands, connected by two hundred and fifty bridges.
+
+"The entire town, its sluices, and even some of its canals, are built
+upon piles; for the soil beneath is nothing but loose sand and bog mud.
+In 1822 a vast warehouse sunk down into the mud, on account of the
+weight of grain stored in it. Amsterdam is not only in peril from the
+sea around it, but there is danger that the bottom may drop out.
+
+"In the Spanish war, of which I have had so much to say since we entered
+Holland, Amsterdam was held by the Duke of Alva, and, with this city as
+the base of operations, he intended to conquer the country. The siege of
+Harlem was conducted from this direction.
+
+"A small fleet of Dutch armed vessels was frozen up near this city, and
+a force was sent to capture them by the Spanish commander. The crews
+opened a wide trench in the ice around their vessels, and, putting on
+their skates as the besiegers approached, advanced to give them battle.
+The Dutchmen, perfectly at home on skates, out-manoeuvred and beat the
+Spaniards, who left several hundred of their dead on the ice. The duke
+was astonished; but he was a prudent man, and ordered seven thousand
+pairs of skates, upon which his troops were trained to perform military
+movements."
+
+"That was a big thing on ice," said one of the students, as the lecture
+closed.
+
+In the course of the day the party visited the _Oude Kerk_, or Old
+Church, containing "a big organ," the _Niewe Kerk_, which has monuments
+to De Ruiter, Van Speyk, and others.
+
+"You will not have an opportunity to go to church in Holland, Paul,"
+said the doctor.
+
+"No, sir; I suppose we sail for Havre this week."
+
+"Most of the people go to church; but they do not observe the Sabbath
+very rigidly. Gentlemen sit with their hats on during the service, or
+take them off, as they please. Amsterdam is one of the most charitable
+cities in the world, and is noted for its almshouses, asylums,
+hospitals. In one orphan asylum there are seven or eight hundred boys
+and girls, who are kept there till they are twenty years old, and then
+sent out with a good trade. They wear a peculiar dress, to prevent them
+from being admitted to theatres, rum-shops, and other improper places;
+for the keepers of these establishments are severely punished if they
+permit any of the children of the public charitable institutions to
+enter their places. A contribution for the poor is taken up every Sunday
+in the churches by the deacons, who use a thing like a shrimp-net with a
+long handle, having a little bell for the benefit of those who wish to
+look the other way when it is thrust in their faces."
+
+"That's a good idea; but, I suppose, the Dutch have invented some small
+coin for these occasions," laughed Paul.
+
+"A stiver, or five Dutch cents, equal to less than two of our cents, is
+small enough. There are a great many poor people in Amsterdam who live
+entirely in cellars. As you have seen, a great many families live in
+vessels, keeping a pig, hens, and ducks on board, and sometimes even
+have a little garden on deck. When the Dutchman gets married and sets up
+in life, he obtains a small boat of from one to three tons, and goes to
+housekeeping on board. If they prosper, they buy a bigger craft; but his
+home, his wife, and children are on the water."
+
+The dike which surrounds Amsterdam has been planted with trees, and
+converted into boulevards. There were formerly twenty-six bastions upon
+it, constituting the fortifications of the city; but, being no longer
+useful for defence, windmills have been erected upon them, to grind the
+grain for the city. The four streets bordering the principal canals are
+hardly to be surpassed in Europe. The buildings, which are mostly of
+brick, are unique, with fantastic gables and projecting eaves. Many of
+the streets are lined with trees on the banks of the canals. On the
+whole, the students were more interested in Amsterdam than in any other
+city they had visited, partly, perhaps, on account of its oddity. As
+long as there was light to see, they continued their rambles, and then
+retired early, in order to be prepared for a fresh start the next day.
+
+At five o'clock in the morning the party took a steamer for Zaandam, or
+Sardam. Leaving the shore, they had a fine view of the city. The harbor
+is enclosed by two rows of piles, with occasional openings to admit the
+passage of vessels, which are closed at night with booms armed with iron
+spikes. In various parts of the Ij were seen little pavilions, built
+upon piers, which are the summer houses of wealthy citizens, who own
+pleasure-boats, and repair in them to these cosy little temples, to
+drink wine and coffee and smoke their pipes.
+
+At Sardam the curious students visited the cottage of Peter the Great,
+in which he lived while he worked as a shipwright. The shanty is of
+rough plank, and cants over on one side; but it was surrounded by
+another building by the Queen of Holland, to protect it from further
+decay. It contains but two rooms, one above the other, the former
+reached only by a ladder. Alexander of Russia placed over the
+chimney-piece a marble slab bearing the inscription, "Nothing is too
+small for a great man." The walls of both rooms are covered with the
+autographs of visitors, including that of the Emperor of Russia.
+
+From this point the tourists were conveyed by the steamer to Waterland,
+from which they were to proceed by _trekschuit_ to Broek. This peculiar
+craft is a kind of drag-boat, much used for passengers and light freight
+on the canals of Holland. It is a long, narrow barge, nearly the whole
+of which is taken up by a low cabin. Above it is the hurricane deck,
+provided with a railing and benches to sit upon. At each end is a flight
+of stairs, by which the main deck is reached and the cabins entered. The
+_ruim_, or forward cabin, occupying the greater part of the space, is
+appropriated to the common people, while the _roef_, or after-cabin, is
+for the better class; but as genteel people seldom patronize the
+_trekschuit_, this apartment is very small. It was drawn by horses,
+attached to a long rope made fast to the pole or mast, near the bow.
+Like everything Dutch, the boat was fitted up very neatly, and the
+students were much interested in exploring it.
+
+"Here we are, all on the raging canal!" said Terrill to his captain, as
+the team started. "If it comes on to blow, we can take a reef in the
+forward horse."
+
+"Or in the _het jagertje_," laughed Paul, who had been talking with Mr.
+Fluxion.
+
+"We'll take a reef in that now. Don't your teeth ache, captain?"
+
+"No; that's the boy that rides one of the horses."
+
+The canal was filled with boats loaded with market produce, drawn by men
+and women harnessed like mules to the tow-ropes. Woman's rights seemed
+to be particularly recognized in this part of Holland, for females are
+harnessed to the boats like horses, enjoying the same rights as the
+"lords of creation." The houses on the way were mostly cottages, whose
+steep roofs were often twice the height of the walls. The stork, which
+the people cherish with a kind of superstitious reverence, was
+occasionally seen, but not so frequently as in the vicinity of The
+Hague, where he has a nest on the roof in a large proportion of the
+houses.
+
+The boys were much interested in the navigation of the _trekschuit_.
+Meeting another boat, the steersman shouted "_Huy!_" indicating that the
+other craft was to go to the right. When the tow-boy of the approaching
+boat reached a certain point, he stopped his team, and the _trekschuit_
+horses passed over it, as the rope slacked. He halted again to loose the
+rope for the barge to pass over. Neither boat was stopped by the
+operation. At the many bridges the rope was cast off, and made fast
+again, without any delay.
+
+An hour and a half brought them to Broek, the paradise of Dutch
+neatness. It is a village of eight hundred people, most of whom have
+"made their pile" and retired from business. Neatness is carried to
+lunacy here, for no one is permitted to enter a house without taking off
+his shoes. The narrow lanes and passages which serve as avenues are
+paved with brick, or with tiles of different colors, arranged in
+fantastic figures, and some are covered with sand and sea-shells, made
+up into patterns. Strangers are warned not to ride through the place;
+they must walk, leading the horse. The houses are mostly of wood,
+gaudily painted; the roofs are covered with glazed tile of various hues.
+
+The cow-stables of the dairy farms are better than the houses of most of
+the poorer classes of Europe, having tiled floors, with everything
+"polished off" and sandpapered as nicely as though they were intended
+for drawing-rooms. Over each stall is a hook, by which the cow's tail is
+fastened up, so as to keep her neat and clean.
+
+The students continued on their way from Breck to Alkmar,--which
+sustained a siege, and successfully resisted the Spaniards,--and thence
+to The Helder, a town of twelve thousand inhabitants, opposite the
+Texel. The great ship canal to Amsterdam commences at this point, which
+is the only place on the coast of Holland where the deep water extends
+up to the shore, the tide rushing through from the Zuyder Zee keeping
+the passage open. The party had an opportunity to examine the mighty
+sluices and gates, and to observe the stupendous dikes, before described
+by Mr. Mapps. They visited the fortress erected by Napoleon with the
+intention of making The Helder the Gibraltar of the North.
+
+On Thursday morning the tourists took the steamer, through the Great
+Canal, to Amsterdam. Being obliged to wait an hour for the train to
+Utrecht, Paul visited one of the "diamond mills" of the city with Mr.
+Fluxion. About five hundred men were employed in the establishment, and,
+as the business is exclusively in the hands of the Jews, the mills are
+closed on Saturday, and work on Sunday. The art of cutting and polishing
+diamonds was for a long period exclusively in the hands of the Jews of
+Antwerp and Amsterdam. There are quite a number of these manufactories
+in the city at the present time. The machinery is operated by steam,
+turning wheels for polishing the precious stones, and propelling the
+wire saws for cutting them.
+
+Diamond dust is the only substance with which an impression can be
+produced upon the hard stones, and they are polished by metal plates
+covered with this dust, and revolving with inconceivable rapidity. The
+saw is a very fine wire, to which the dust is affixed. This process
+appears to be the origin of the adage "diamond cut diamond." Before the
+fifteenth century, diamonds were worn in their natural state, and the
+art of cutting and polishing them was discovered by a native of Bruges.
+
+The journey of the students was continued by railway to Utrecht.
+Approaching this city, the country assumed a different aspect,
+presenting occasional undulations, while in the town itself there is
+quite a slope down to the River Rhine, on which it is located. The
+treaty of Utrecht, which settled the peace of Europe after the war of
+the Spanish succession, was signed at the house of the British minister;
+but it has since been pulled down. The principal object of interest in
+the city is the tower of the Cathedral of St. Martin, which is three
+hundred and twenty-one feet high, and commands a view of nearly the
+whole of Holland and a portion of Belgium. The sexton has his residence
+more than a hundred and fifty feet above _terra firma_, where his family
+are domiciled, and where his children were born. Doubtless they will be
+regarded as persons of high birth.
+
+At five o'clock in the afternoon, the weary travellers reached the
+vessels of the squadron. Holland "was done," and the excitement was
+ended. Many of them were tired out and cross, and it was a relief to
+know that the squadron would go to sea the next morning. During the
+rapid run through Holland, Wilton and Perth had found abundant
+opportunities to discuss their mischievous scheme of running away with
+the Josephine. They had so contrived it that eight of the Knights of the
+Golden Fleece had occupied a compartment by themselves in the railway
+carriages. As the squadron would arrive at Havre on Friday or Saturday,
+no time was to be lost in arranging the details of the precious scheme,
+which had been fully explained and assented to by the confederates.
+
+The first point to be gained was to "cut up," so that the whole
+twenty-six Knights should be condemned to imprisonment on board the
+ship, while the rest of the students, with the instructors, went to
+Paris. Mr. Hamblin was still the centre of all their hopes in this
+direction; for hazing him would enable them to kill two birds with one
+stone. It was a great satisfaction to annoy him, independently of the
+result to be gained. Wilton proposed to "keelhaul" him. This was a
+barbarous punishment, formerly in use in the English and Dutch navies,
+and consisted in dragging the culprit under the keel of the vessel by
+ropes attached to the opposite yard-arms. Perth declared that this was
+utterly impracticable, and a third suggested that it was only necessary
+to "talk" the matter in order to bring down the punishment upon their
+anxious heads. Monroe, who always adopted moderate counsels, thought it
+would be just as well to frighten the old gentleman out of his wits.
+Indeed, all, except Wilton, protested against inflicting any serious
+injury upon him. A ducking, or something of that kind, would do him no
+harm; but they did not wish to hurt, only to annoy, him.
+
+After supper the students felt a little brighter. Mr. Hamblin was pacing
+the deck, as he always did towards evening, and Perth drummed together
+his forces to play the first act in the drama. The names of the
+twenty-six Knights had been written down on a sheet of paper, and a
+dozen of them took position in the waist, with their backs to the
+professor. Scarcely had the actors taken their places before the
+Josephine's gig came alongside with Captain Kendall, who visited the
+ship to receive his instructions from the principal for the next day.
+
+Paul stepped upon deck; but, perceiving that Mr. Lowington was engaged
+in an earnest conversation with Dr. Winstock, he did not interrupt him,
+but paused in the waist. Of course the conspirators suspended
+operations, and Paul spent the time he was waiting in conversation with
+them about the wonders of Holland. As he stood there, Mr. Hamblin cast
+frequent glances at him, and brooded heavily over the indignities which
+had been heaped upon his learned head by the young commander, as he
+believed. Probably the current of his thoughts would have assumed a
+different direction if he had been aware that the principal and the
+surgeon were discussing the best means of "letting him down easily."
+
+Mr. Lowington at last discovered that Paul was waiting for him, and the
+difficult subject was deferred. The captain of the Josephine went below
+with the principal, and the conspirators began to discuss in a very
+unguarded manner the process of keelhauling the obnoxious professor. As
+the learned gentleman passed the group, he could not help hearing his
+name mentioned. The boys soon became very earnest in their manner. They
+had seated themselves under the lee of the hatch, and did not appear to
+notice the fact that Mr. Hamblin was passing on the other side of it at
+intervals.
+
+"We'll keelhaul him," said Wilson; and the _savant_ distinctly heard the
+remark, though he did not know what it meant; only that it was some
+trick to be played off upon him.
+
+"If he didn't hear that, he's deaf as a post," added Perth, as the
+professor passed on.
+
+"He'll leave the ship as soon as we have keelhauled him," was the next
+remark which Mr. Hamblin heard.
+
+Of course this meant himself; and he paused when he had satisfied
+himself that he was not observed. As this was just what the conspirators
+wanted, they revealed their wicked scheme fully, though with some
+appearance of concealment.
+
+"Here are the names of all the fellows who are to take part in the
+operation," said Perth, flourishing the paper. "The fellows with a cross
+against their names are to throw the old fellow down; those with a dash
+are to man the reef-pendants; those with a wave line are to make fast to
+him--"
+
+That was all. Mr. Hamblin made a plunge into the midst of the young
+rascals, and snatched the paper from the hands of the leader. The
+conspirators sprung to their feet, and nothing could exceed the
+consternation depicted upon their faces. They stood aghast, horrified,
+confounded.
+
+"It was only a joke, sir," stammered Perth, as the professor, with
+trembling hands and quivering lips, gazed at the paper, reading the
+names, and noting the signs against them.
+
+"You villains, you!" gasped he. "Keelhaul me--will you?"
+
+"It was only in fun, sir. We didn't mean to do it, sir," added Wilton.
+
+Mr. Hamblin did not wait to hear any more. He rushed aft, rushed down
+the companion-way, rushed into the main cabin, where the principal was
+just dismissing Paul.
+
+"They are going to keelhaul me, next, Mr. Lowington!" exclaimed the
+learned gentleman, savagely.
+
+"Pray, what is the trouble, Mr. Hamblin?" asked the principal, mildly.
+
+The professor explained, exhibiting the list of names in evidence of his
+assertion. Mr. Lowington was sceptical. It was not possible that the
+boys could entertain such a monstrous proposition as that of keelhauling
+a learned professor.
+
+"But I heard the plan myself, sir," persisted Mr. Hamblin. "I don't know
+what keelhauling is, but that is the expression the scoundrels used."
+
+Mr. Lowington explained what it meant; and the _savant_, without
+considering the practicability or the possibility of subjecting him to
+such an operation, was filled with rage and horror. The principal went
+on deck, and from the paper taken from Perth called the roll of the
+conspirators, summoning them to the mainmast.
+
+"If you have no further instructions for me, sir, I will return to the
+Josephine," said Paul, touching his cap to the principal.
+
+"Mr. Lowington, Kendall is concerned in this affair," interposed the
+professor, violently.
+
+"I, sir!" exclaimed Paul, confounded by the charge.
+
+"He is, sir; and I can prove it," protested Mr. Hamblin, whose wrath had
+almost reached the boiling point.
+
+"You can return to the Josephine, Captain Kendall," added Mr. Lowington,
+in his quiet, decisive tone.
+
+"Mr. Lowington, I protest--"
+
+"Mr. Hamblin," interposed the principal, sharply, "I will thank you to
+accompany me to the cabin;" and, turning, he walked to the
+companion-way, followed by the professor.
+
+"I wish to say, Mr. Lowington, that I am not mistaken in regard to
+Kendall," said the angry instructor, as they entered the main cabin.
+
+"Without a doubt,you are mistaken, sir."
+
+"No, sir; I am not. When he came on deck, he went immediately to that
+group of bad boys who were plotting to keelhaul me, and had a long
+conversation with them. I watched him, sir. My eye was hardly off him a
+moment. I was looking for something of this kind."
+
+"And you found it."
+
+"Yes, sir; I did."
+
+"When people are looking for faults and errors in others, they usually
+find them," added the principal, significantly. "But I did not invite
+you to the cabin to consider that matter."
+
+"It seems to me this matter is properly the subject for discussion at
+the present time," replied the professor, who thought the principal's
+ways were past finding out.
+
+"No; there is a subject of more importance than that, which must be
+attended to first. I find it necessary to say that I am ready to accept
+your resignation of the situation you fill."
+
+"My resignation, sir!" exclaimed Mr. Hamblin, taken all aback by this
+unexpected announcement.
+
+"Your resignation, sir."
+
+"This is very remarkable conduct on your part, sir."
+
+"On board of the Josephine, in the presence of the officers and crew,
+you protested against the action of Captain Kendall. When I have called
+a large number of the students to the mainmast for discipline, you
+protest against my action. I have to say, sir, that discipline, under
+these circumstances, is impossible."
+
+"Am I to understand that you discharge me, Mr. Lowington?" demanded the
+professor.
+
+"I intimated that I was ready to accept your resignation."
+
+"Well, sir, I am not ready to offer my resignation."
+
+"Then you compel me to take the next step. I object to your remaining on
+board another day."
+
+"I was engaged for a year."
+
+"With the proviso that we were mutually satisfied. A fortnight ago you
+tendered your resignation, without regard to the engagement. If I had
+understood your relations with the students as well then as I do now, I
+should have accepted it."
+
+Mr. Hamblin began to "subside." He had pretty thoroughly convinced
+himself that the institution could not be carried on without him; and,
+since the principal had once objected to accepting his resignation, he
+had felt that his position was secure. While he was considering the
+matter, Mr. Lowington went on deck, and investigated the plot to
+keelhaul the professor. The conspirators had talked over the matter
+during his absence, and had come to the conclusion that the truth would
+serve them best. They were shrewd enough to see that there was a rupture
+between the principal and the _savant_.
+
+Perth, as spokesman for the party, confessed that they knew Mr. Hamblin
+was listening to them; that they intended he should hear the plot, which
+they had not designed to execute; that it was only a trick to annoy him.
+
+"Was Captain Kendall concerned in it?" asked Mr. Lowington.
+
+"No, sir," shouted the whole party.
+
+"What were you talking about while he was with you?"
+
+"About Holland, and what we had seen on our trip. You were speaking
+with Dr. Winstock, and he was waiting to see you," replied Perth.
+
+The principal lectured them severely, and in earnest, for their
+misconduct; but he did not give them the coveted punishment of dooming
+them to remain on board while the rest of the students visited Paris. He
+gave them bad marks enough to spoil all their chances, if they had any,
+of promotion, and the choice of desirable berths when the crew should be
+reorganized at the beginning of the next quarter, which would be in one
+month. He added that he should preserve the list of names, and that the
+conduct of the party in the future would be closely observed.
+
+"We were stupid," whispered Perth to Wilton, as the principal retired.
+"We have given him a list of all the Knights."
+
+"And he hasn't stopped our liberty," replied Wilton, in disgust.
+
+"No matter; we must keep still, and fight for chances."
+
+When Mr. Lowington returned to the cabin, the professor was as cool as
+an iceberg; but the decision had been made, and it could not be
+reversed. The principal reviewed Mr. Hamblin's connection with the
+squadron from the beginning, and commented on his conduct in the consort
+and in the ship. It was plain speech on both sides; but the result
+remained unchanged.
+
+Professor Hamblin is not a myth. He had no sympathy with the students,
+and, being arbitrary, tyrannical, and unjust, they "hated him with a
+perfect hatred." It was certainly best that he should go; for in
+whatever vessel he was, he kept it in a turmoil. Mr. Lowington paid him
+his salary for a year, and enough in addition to defray the expenses of
+his return to the United States.
+
+The next morning the signal for sailing was hoisted on board of the
+Young America, and the pilots came on board. The students were bright
+and fresh, and having seen the dikes and ditches of Holland, they were
+rather anxious to escape from its muddy waters and its monotonous
+plains. In fact, they sighed for another taste of blue water and the
+fresh sea air.
+
+"All the barge's crew on deck, ahoy!" piped the boatswain, at the order
+of the first lieutenant.
+
+The boat's crew repaired to their stations on the quarter, wondering
+what was to be done next.
+
+The ship's company, who were waiting for the order to weigh anchor, were
+vexed at the delay which the trip of the boat to the shore indicated,
+and waited impatiently to learn what was going to happen. One of the
+stewards brought up Mr. Hamblin's trunk, and presently the professor
+himself appeared with his overcoat on his arm, and his cane and umbrella
+in his hand. There was a decided sensation among the crew. The barge was
+lowered and placed in charge of the third lieutenant. Mr. Hamblin bowed
+stiffly and coldly to the other professors, and followed his baggage
+into the boat, taking no notice whatever of any of the students.
+
+The sensation grew upon the boys as the boat pushed off and appeared
+beyond the ship's side. It was a delightful picture to them--the
+obnoxious professor seated in the stern sheets, with his trunk before
+him. It was emblematic of the final separation. The enthusiasm of the
+moment could not be repressed; and before the principal could interfere,
+it had vented itself in three tremendous and hearty cheers. Mr.
+Lowington was vexed, but the deed was done.
+
+The barge passed within a short distance of the Josephine, and her crew,
+seeing the trunk and the professor, understood the cheers, and repeated
+them with all the vigor of their lungs. It was impudent, disrespectful,
+and naughty; but the same students, in both vessels, would have wept
+over the departure of any other of the professors.
+
+The boat returned, the sails were cast loose, the anchor weighed, and in
+due time both vessels were standing down the river. At noon the pilots
+were discharged, off the Hock of Holland.
+
+"South-west by west," said the first master of the ship, giving out the
+course to the quartermaster, who was conning the wheel.
+
+There was only a lazy breeze in the German Ocean, and the squadron
+rolled slowly along towards the Straits of Dover. The watch below were
+at their studies in the steerages, while the students on deck were
+thinking of Paris, and the new scenes which were to be presented to them
+in the countries they were next to visit. Their experience during the
+following month, on ship and shore, including the runaway cruise of the
+Josephine, will be narrated in PALACE AND COTTAGE, OR YOUNG AMERICA IN
+FRANCE AND SWITZERLAND.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NEW AND ATTRACTIVE PUBLICATIONS
+
+OF
+
+LEE & SHEPARD,
+
+_PUBLISHERS AND BOOKSELLERS_,
+
+BOSTON.
+
+LEE, SHEPARD & DILLINGHAM, New York.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"A Grand Success."
+
+THE AMERICAN GIRL ABROAD. By MISS ADELINE TRAFTON. Illustrated. $1.75.
+
+"A bright, merry-hearted girl, 'off on a good time,' and she and her
+readers are decidedly of the opinion that the journey was a great
+success."--_Liberal Christian._
+
+"A delightful Book, original and enjoyable."
+
+
+THE DOCTOR'S DAUGHTER. By SOPHIE MAY. Illustrated. $1.50.
+
+"So lovable and so genuine that she takes one's heart by storm."--_New
+York Republican._
+
+
+"A Book every Girl will be delighted with."
+
+SALLY WILLIAMS, THE MOUNTAIN GIRL. By _Mrs. Edna D. Cheney_.
+Illustrated. $1.50.
+
+"Mrs. Cheney's stories have all the charm of romance, and better than
+that, a power to do good by their wholesome unobtrusive teachings."
+
+
+"Another of the Girlhood Series."
+
+ONLY GIRLS. By MISS VIRGINIA F. TOWNSEND, Author of "Deering Farm,"
+"Daryll's Gap," &c. Illustrated. $1.50.
+
+Miss Townsend is a charming writer, and this one of her very best
+productions.
+
+NEW PUBLICATIONS OF LEE & SHEPARD.
+
+
+"One hundred and twenty Selections."
+
+MISCELLANEOUS READINGS IN PROSE AND VERSE. By PROF. L. B. MONROE. $1.50.
+
+"Some of the best things of current literature may be found gathered
+here."--_Boston Advertiser._
+
+
+"For Social Amusements."
+
+SOCIAL CHARADES AND PARLOR OPERAS. By M. T. CALDER, Author of "College
+Ned," &c. 16mo. Cloth, 75c; fancy bound, 60c.
+
+"These charades and operas, prepared for private representation, have
+been received with great favor by those requiring exhibition pieces."
+
+
+Underwood's American Authors.
+
+HAND-BOOK OF ENGLISH LITERATURE. Intended for the use of High Schools,
+as well as a Companion and Guide for Private Students, and for General
+Readers. (American Authors.) By F. H. UNDERWOOD, A. M. Crown 8vo. Cloth.
+$2.50.
+
+It is confined to American authors, and includes the most prominent
+writers in the three periods which cover our entire national history.
+
+
+Underwood's British Authors.
+
+HAND-BOOK OF ENGLISH LITERATURE. Intended for the use of High Schools,
+as well us a Companion and Guide for Private Students, and for General
+Readers. (British Authors.) By FRANCIS H. UNDERWOOD, A. M. Crown 8vo.
+Cloth. $2.50.
+
+Mr. Underwood's Biographical Notices, which precede the selections from
+prominent authors, are admirable in construction, gems of literary work,
+attractive and valuable.
+
+
+The Young Voyagers again.
+
+YOUNG AMERICA ABROAD. By OLIVER OPTIC. To be completed in 6 volumes.
+Illustrated. Per vol., $1.50.
+
+   1. UP THE BALTIC.
+   2. NORTHERN LANDS.
+   3. CROSS AND CRESCENT.
+
+A library of romantic travel and adventure.
+
+_NEW PUBLICATIONS OF LEE & SHEPARD._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+By Oliver Optic.
+
+
+THE YACHT CLUB SERIES. By OLIVER OPTIC. To be completed in 6 volumes.
+Illustrated. Per vol., $1.50.
+
+   1. LITTLE BOBTAIL.
+   2. THE YACHT CLUB. (In press.)
+
+Each story complete in itself, and all in Oliver Optic's best vein.
+
+
+By B. P. Shillaber.
+
+PARTINGTONIAN PATCHWORK.
+
+BLIFKINS THE MARTYR; or, THE DOMESTIC TRIALS OF A MODEL HUSBAND.
+
+THE MODERN SYNTAX: DR. SPOONER'S EXPERIENCE IN SEARCH OF THE DELECTABLE.
+
+PARTINGTON PAPERS; STRIPPINGS OF THE WARM MILK OF HUMAN KINDNESS.
+
+NEW AND OLD THINGS FROM AN UNPRETENDING INKSTAND. Humorous, Sentimental,
+Rhythmical. By B. P. Shillaber (_Mrs. Partington_). 12mo. Cloth.
+Illustrated. $1.75.
+
+The genial author of this volume has packed it full of bright and witty
+things.
+
+
+By Elijah Kellogg.
+
+THE WHISPERING PINE SERIES. By ELIJAH KELLOGG. To be completed in 6
+volumes. Illustrated. Per vol., $1.25.
+
+   1. THE SPARK OF GENIUS.
+   2. THE SOPHOMORES OF RADCLIFFE.
+   3. WINNING HIS SPURS.
+   4. THE TURNING OF THE TIDE. (In press.)
+
+Mr. Kellogg presents some admirable characters among his college boys,
+and every volume of this series is brimful of fun and adventure.
+
+
+"Nothing better ever written."
+
+THE PLEASANT COVE SERIES. By ELIJAH KELLOGG. To be completed in 6
+volumes. Per vol., $1.25.
+
+   1. ARTHUR BROWN, THE YOUNG CAPTAIN.
+   2. THE YOUNG DELIVERERS.
+   3. THE CRUISE OF THE CASCO.
+   4. THE CHILD OF THE ISLAND GLEN.
+
+"The Elm Island Stories," by this author, are deservedly popular. "The
+Pleasant Cove Series" deals with many of the same characters.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Dikes and Ditches, by Oliver Optic
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+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+  <head>
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" />
+    <title>
+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of Young America Abroad, Dikes and Ditches, by Oliver Optic.
+    </title>
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+
+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Dikes and Ditches, by Oliver Optic
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Dikes and Ditches
+       Young America in Holland and Belguim
+
+Author: Oliver Optic
+
+Release Date: May 16, 2008 [EBook #25485]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DIKES AND DITCHES ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by David Edwards and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
+produced from images generously made available by The
+Internet Archive)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 375px;">
+<img src="images/titlepage.jpg" width="375" height="600" alt="" title="title page" />
+</div>
+
+<h1><span class="smcap">Young America Abroad</span></h1>
+
+<h4>By</h4>
+
+<h2><span class="smcap">Oliver Optic</span></h2>
+
+<h2><span class="smcap">Dikes and Ditches</span></h2>
+
+
+
+
+<h4>OR,</h4>
+
+<h2>YOUNG AMERICA IN HOLLAND AND BELGIUM.</h2>
+
+<h3><span class="smcap">A Story of Travel and Adventure.</span></h3>
+
+<h4>BY</h4>
+
+<h2>OLIVER OPTIC.</h2>
+
+<p class="center">BOSTON<br />
+
+Lee &amp; Shepard.<br /><br />
+
+
+NEW YORK:<br />
+
+LEE, SHEPARD &amp; DILLINGHAM, 49 GREENE STREET.<br />
+1874.<br /><br />
+
+
+   Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1868, by<br />
+   WILLIAM T. ADAMS,<br />
+   In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts.<br /><br />
+
+   ELECTROTYPED AT THE<br />
+   <i>Boston Stereotype Foundry,</i><br />
+   No. 19 Spring Lane.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/frontispiece.jpg" width="500" height="301" alt="A Squall in the German Ocean.&mdash;Page 36." title="" />
+<span class="caption">A Squall in the German Ocean.&mdash;<a href='#Page_36'><b>Page 36.</b></a></span>
+</div>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p class="center"><br /><br />
+TO<br />
+<br />
+My Fellow-Voyager in the Steamship Persia<br />
+<br />
+DURING A PLEASANT TRIP ACROSS THE ATLANTIC,<br />
+<br />
+IN 1865,<br />
+<br />
+<i>STEPHEN S. HOE</i>,<br />
+<br />
+WHOSE NAME EVER REMINDS ME OF MY PERSONAL INDEBTEDNESS<br />
+FOR MUCH OF THE PLEASURE OF THE VOYAGE; NOT ONLY<br />
+TO MY YOUNG FRIEND WHOSE NAME I MENTION HERE,<br />
+BUT ALSO TO HIM WHO SAT OPPOSITE TO US AT<br />
+TABLE, WHOSE NAME, ASSOCIATED WITH<br />
+ONE OF THE PROUDEST ACHIEVEMENTS<br />
+OF AMERICAN INVENTIVE GENIUS,<br />
+I NEED NOT MENTION, FOR<br />
+NO WORD OF MINE<br />
+COULD HONOR<br />
+IT,<br />
+<br />
+<i>THIS VOLUME</i><br />
+<br />
+IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED.<br /><br />
+</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="YOUNG_AMERICA_ABROAD" id="YOUNG_AMERICA_ABROAD"></a>YOUNG AMERICA ABROAD.</h2>
+
+<h2>BY OLIVER OPTIC.</h2>
+
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>A Library of Travel and Adventure in Foreign Lands. First and
+Second Series; six volumes in each Series. 16mo. Illustrated.</p></div>
+
+
+<h3><i>First Series.</i></h3>
+
+
+<div class='centered'>
+<table border="0" cellpadding="2" width="65%" cellspacing="0" summary="First Series.">
+<tr><td align='right'>I.</td><td align='left'><i>OUTWARD BOUND;</i> <span class="smcap">or, Young America Afloat.</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>II.</td><td align='left'><i>SHAMROCK AND THISTLE</i>; <span class="smcap">or, Young America in Ireland and Scotland.</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>III.</td><td align='left'><i>RED CROSS</i>; <span class="smcap">or, Young America in England and Wales.</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>IV.</td><td align='left'><i>DIKES AND DITCHES</i>; <span class="smcap">or, Young America in Holland and Belgium.</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>V.</td><td align='left'><i>PALACE AND COTTAGE</i>; <span class="smcap">or, Young America in France and Switzerland.</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>VI.</td><td align='left'><i>DOWN THE RHINE</i>; <span class="smcap">or, Young America in Germany.</span></td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<h3><i>Second Series.</i></h3>
+
+
+<div class='centered'>
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" width="65%" cellspacing="0" summary="Second Series.">
+<tr><td align='right'>I.</td><td align='left'><i>UP THE BALTIC</i>; <span class="smcap">or, Young America in Denmark and Sweden.</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>II.</td><td align='left'><i>NORTHERN LANDS</i>; <span class="smcap">or, Young America in Prussia and Russia.</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>III.</td><td align='left'><i>VINE AND OLIVE</i>; <span class="smcap">or, Young America in Spain and Portugal.</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>IV.</td><td align='left'><i>SUNNY SHORES</i>; <span class="smcap">or, Young America in Italy and Austria.</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>V.</td><td align='left'><i>CROSS AND CRESCENT</i>; <span class="smcap">or, Young America in Greece and Turkey.</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>VI.</td><td align='left'><i>ISLES OF THE SEA</i>; <span class="smcap">or, Young America Homeward Bound.</span></td></tr>
+</table></div>
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="PREFACE" id="PREFACE"></a>PREFACE.</h2>
+
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Dikes and Ditches</span>, the fourth of the <span class="smcap">"Young America Abroad"</span> series, is a
+continuation of the history of the Academy Ship and her consort in the
+waters of Holland and Belgium. As in its predecessors, those parts of
+the book which lie within the domain of history and fact are intended to
+be entirely reliable; and great care has been used to make them so. The
+author finds his notes so copious, and his recollections of the Low
+Countries so full of interest, that he has felt obliged to devote a
+considerable portion of the work to the geography and history of the
+country, and to the manners and customs of the people; but there is so
+much that is novel in the region itself, and so much that is stirring
+and even "sensational" in the history of the sturdy patriots of Holland,
+that he hopes his young friends will not complain of the proportion in
+which he has mingled his material. It would be a very great happiness to
+him to have excited a sufficient degree of interest in these countries
+to induce the boys and girls to read Mr. Motley's inimitable works, "The
+Rise of the Dutch Republic," and "The History of the United
+Netherlands." The writer is confident that young people will find these
+volumes quite as attractive as the story books of the day.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></span></p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Dikes and Ditches</span> has its independent story of the adventures of the
+students. Though the Academy Squadron has thus far been remarkably
+fortunate in the character of its instructors, Professor Hamblin proves
+to be an exception, and the crews of the ship and her consort are
+unhappily plunged into sundry disciplinary tribulations by his
+overstrained dignity, and by his want of discretion. The young
+commander of the Josephine suffers from the evils of a divided
+authority, which brings him into conflict with the senior instructor
+before experience suggests the remedy. While the principal is compelled
+to punish the students for their misconduct in "hazing" the obnoxious
+professor, he also finds it necessary to abate the nuisance of a
+conceited, overbearing, and tyrannical pedagogue. Boys cannot be
+expected to be angels in school, until their instructors have soared to
+this sublime height.</p>
+
+<p>The author of the series, more than ever encouraged by the hearty and
+generous favor of his readers, submits this volume to their
+consideration, trusting that they will at least appreciate his earnest
+efforts not only to please, but to instruct them.</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Harrison Square, Mass.</span>,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 5.5em;">April 9, 1868.</span><br />
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CONTENTS" id="CONTENTS"></a>CONTENTS.</h2>
+
+
+
+<div class='centered'>
+<table border="0" cellpadding="2" width="65%" cellspacing="0" summary="CONTENTS">
+<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td align='left'>CHAPTER</td><td align='right'>PAGE</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>I.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">The Professor and the Captain.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_11'><b>11</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>II.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">A Squall in the German Ocean.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_27'><b>27</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>III.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Something about Dikes.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_43'><b>43</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>IV.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Up the Scheldt to Flushing.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_59'><b>59</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>V.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Captain Schimmelpennink.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_76'><b>76</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>VI.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Professor Hamblin changes his Mind.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_93'><b>93</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>VII.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">The Lecture on Belgium.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_110'><b>110</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>VIII.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Antwerp and Rubens.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_129'><b>129</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>IX.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Trouble on Board the Josephine.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_146'><b>146</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>X.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Who was Captain of the Josephine.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_162'><b>162</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>XI.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">On the Way to Ghent.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_179'><b>179</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>XII.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">In Belgium's Capital.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_195'><b>195</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>XIII.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Three Cheers for the King of Belgium.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_213'><b>213</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>XIV.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">The Vice-Principal.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_230'><b>230</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span>XV.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">The Professor's Charge.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_245'><b>245</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>XVI.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Captain Kendall's Defence.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_262'><b>262</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>XVII.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">More about the Dikes and Ditches.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_278'><b>278</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>XVIII.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">An Excursion among the Dikes.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_293'><b>293</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>XIX.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">A Run through Holland.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_310'><b>310</b></a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='right'>XX.</td><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Adieu to Holland and Professor Hamblin.</span></td><td align='right'><a href='#Page_328'><b>328</b></a></td></tr>
+</table></div>
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span></p>
+<h2><br /><br /><a name="DIKES_AND_DITCHES" id="DIKES_AND_DITCHES"></a>DIKES AND DITCHES.</h2>
+
+
+<h4>OR,</h4>
+
+<h3>YOUNG AMERICA IN HOLLAND AND BELGIUM.<br /><br /></h3>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_I" id="CHAPTER_I"></a>CHAPTER I.</h2>
+
+<h3>THE PROFESSOR AND THE CAPTAIN.</h3>
+
+
+<p>The Young America, with every rag of canvas set, including
+studding-sails alow and aloft, rolled and pitched gracefully on the long
+swells of the German Ocean. The wind was very light from the north-west,
+and there was hardly enough of it to give the ship steerage-way. A mile
+off, on her starboard bow, was the Josephine, beclouded in the quantity
+of sail she carried, but hardly leaving a wake in the blue waters behind
+her. The hummocks and the low land of the shores of Holland and Belgium
+were in sight; but, with the present breeze, there was but little hope
+of reaching the mouth of the Scheldt that night, though it was hardly
+twenty miles distant.</p>
+
+<p>The regular course of instruction was in progress in both vessels, the
+starboard watch of each being in the steerage, attending to their
+studies, while the port watch were on deck, in charge of the sailing<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span>
+department. Mr. Lowington paced the deck of the ship, and, with the
+habit of an old sailor, frequently cast his eyes aloft to see what sails
+were drawing. Occasionally, from a custom begotten of his solicitude for
+his charge, he glanced at the Josephine.</p>
+
+<p>The squadron did not make even a mile an hour; and when the watch was
+changed, at four o'clock, there was not a breath of air to ruffle the
+glassy waves. The ship rolled and pitched on the swells, and the sails
+slapped against the masts and rigging under the effect of her motion.
+The young seamen on deck, without being in a hurry, were annoyed and
+vexed, as all sailors are in a calm. They partook of the heaviness of
+the scene, and gaped and yawned, from mere inactivity, and the want of
+something to occupy their minds.</p>
+
+<p>The calm was only the prelude of a lively scene. To the westward, beyond
+the low coast line dimly seen in the distance, was a dense mass of black
+clouds, rising rapidly towards the zenith. Low, muttering, muffled
+thunder came over the sea. The sun went into the inky veil; and then the
+lightnings flashed, faintly at first, but glaring brighter and brighter
+as the darkness increased.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington still paced the deck; but, instead of looking aloft now,
+he cast frequent glances at the officer of the deck, who was watching
+the dense black clouds. The principal said nothing; for, whatever views
+he had in regard to the working of the ship, it was his policy never to
+interfere until absolutely necessary. The officers were encouraged to do
+their own thinking, and were expected to take all necessary<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span> precautions
+for the safety of the ship at the right time. The second lieutenant was
+in charge of the deck, and as yet he had taken no step which indicated
+that he was conscious of any peril.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Lavender," said he, at last, when the principal's movements had
+begun to be a little nervous.</p>
+
+<p>The second midshipman, who was the third officer in rank on duty,
+stepped up to the lieutenant and touched his cap.</p>
+
+<p>"Tell the captain there is a shower coming up, and that the clouds look
+squally," added Mr. Ellis, the officer of the deck.</p>
+
+<p>Lavender touched his cap, and went down into the steerage, where the
+captain was reciting his French lesson to Professor Badois.</p>
+
+<p>"Excuse me," said Captain Haven. "I must go on deck, for I suppose Mr.
+Lowington wouldn't give an order to take in sail if the masts were blown
+out of the ship."</p>
+
+<p>The commander of the Young America went on deck in a hurry. He and all
+below had observed the sudden darkness which pervaded the steerage, and
+they were rather glad to have something stirring occur to break up the
+monotony of the calm. The captain looked at the black clouds, and
+promptly directed the officer of the deck to take in the studding-sails,
+which was done by the watch.</p>
+
+<p>The clouds wore that peculiar appearance which indicates wind&mdash;an aspect
+which the old sailor readily recognizes. Captain Haven was familiar
+enough with the weather signs to understand what was coming; but the
+young sailor is almost as much afraid of taking<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span> in sail too soon as of
+being too tardy in doing so. There is as much vanity in carrying sail as
+in wearing fine clothes. The captain did not wish to be too cautious,
+for that would cause a smile upon the faces of the ship's crew.</p>
+
+<p>He looked at Mr. Lowington, who seemed to be perfectly satisfied, or
+rather his attention was directed entirely to the Josephine, which had
+not yet taken in her huge fore square-sail. Then he studied the
+threatening pile of black clouds, which had now nearly reached the
+zenith; while the thunder rattled, and the lightnings flashed with
+blinding glare.</p>
+
+<p>"Take in topgallant-sails and royals," said Captain Haven to the officer
+of the deck, now satisfied that his reputation for carrying sail could
+not suffer in the face of such admonitory indications.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Ellis called on the entire starboard watch to obey his orders; for
+only a quarter watch was required to handle the ship under ordinary
+circumstances, the other portion of the watch being idlers on deck. The
+light sails were taken in; and Mr. Lowington made no comment, as he
+sometimes did, after an evolution had been performed, in order to
+express his approval or otherwise of the action of the captain.</p>
+
+<p>The Josephine was most strangely deficient in caution on the present
+occasion, and the principal was evidently much disturbed by the conduct
+of her captain, who was usually very prudent, without being timid. There
+she was, with all her extra sail set and flapping in the calm, while a
+tempest was brewing before her.</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall must be asleep," said Mr. Low<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span>ington, nervously, to
+Peaks, the adult boatswain of the ship.</p>
+
+<p>"And the officers too," replied the old salt, hitching up his trousers.
+"We ought to fire a gun to wake them up."</p>
+
+<p>"It is not like Captain Kendall to be caught napping when a squall is
+gathering," added the principal.</p>
+
+<p>"I should think the thunder would wake them up. It's heavy for these
+parts. That squall will come all at once when it does come. It will take
+their sails right out of the bolt-ropes."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington walked aft again, and on the quarter-deck met Flag-officer
+Gordon, who had also been observing the Josephine, and wondering at her
+continued neglect of the most ordinary precautions.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Lavender," said the commander of the squadron.</p>
+
+<p>The midshipman, ever ready to do the meagre duties assigned to him,
+touched his cap to Captain Gordon.</p>
+
+<p>"Pass the word for the signal-officer," added the flag-officer.</p>
+
+<p>"That's right, Captain Gordon!" exclaimed the principal. "If the
+officers of the Josephine don't do better than this, they must be
+broken. I am astonished."</p>
+
+<p>"So am I, sir. Captain Kendall is usually very careful, and what he
+don't see isn't worth seeing."</p>
+
+<p>"Be as expeditious as possible, for the squall will soon be upon us."</p>
+
+<p>The signal-officer appeared with the midshipman and quartermaster in
+charge of the signals. Captain Gordon ordered the number, "Take in
+sail," to be set.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Paul Kendall was severely criticised on board of the ship; but, before
+he has suffered too much in the estimation of his sympathizing friends,
+let our readers be transferred to the steerage of the Josephine, in
+which, as the consort of the Academy Ship, the same rules and
+regulations prevailed. The port watch were at their studies, while the
+starboard watch had the deck, in charge of Mr. Terrill, the first
+lieutenant. This was the captain's study time, for he was a member of
+the several classes, and in school hours was subject to the discipline
+of the professors, the same as other students.</p>
+
+<p>When the squall began to gather, Professor Hamblin was hearing the
+recitation in Greek. The learned gentleman did not think a scholar knew
+anything unless he possessed a considerable knowledge of Greek. It was
+his favorite branch, and the class in this language was his pet. He was
+a strict disciplinarian, and never allowed anything to interrupt the
+recitation in Greek if he could possibly avoid it. No scholar, not even
+the captain, as the regulations then were, could leave the class without
+his permission. It is true, the rule had not been made, or even been
+considered, with special reference to the commander of the vessel; but
+Paul had always quietly submitted to it, even at some inconvenience and
+sacrifice to himself. No emergency had arisen, since the Josephine went
+into commission, which required the setting aside of the rule, and it
+was supposed the professors would have judgment enough to use it with
+proper discretion.</p>
+
+<p>Professor Hamblin, so far as Greek roots were concerned, was not lacking
+in judgment; but he knew no<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span> more about a ship than Cleats, the
+boatswain, did about Greek. He was a very learned man, and lived in a
+Greek and Latin atmosphere. The dead languages were the chief end of man
+to him. He was cold, stern, and precise, except that, when hearing a
+class in Greek, he warmed up a little, and became more human, especially
+if the students manifested a becoming interest in his favorite branch.</p>
+
+<p>Unfortunately for Paul Kendall, he was not an enthusiastic devotee of
+the Greek language and literature. He lived too much in the present to
+be enamoured of anything so old, and, as it seemed to him, so
+comparatively useless. But he was faithful in the discharge of all the
+academic requirements of the institution, not excepting even those
+branches which he disliked. Though he was always very respectful to
+Professor Hamblin, he was candid enough to say that he did not like
+Greek. He was, therefore, no favorite of the learned gentleman, who
+thought his abilities and his scholarship were over-estimated&mdash;because
+he did not like the dead languages.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Terrill directs me to inform you that a squall is coming up," said
+Ritchie, the third master, as he touched his cap to Captain Kendall.</p>
+
+<p>"No interruption! No interruption!" interposed Professor Hamblin, very
+ill-naturedly.</p>
+
+<p>The third master touched his cap, as the captain bowed to him in
+acknowledgment that he had heard the message, and then retired. The
+professor was vexed: perhaps he was a little more ill-natured than
+usual, on account of being slightly seasick&mdash;an effect produced by the
+uneasy roll of the vessel in the calm.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Now, Mr. Kendall, go on with the dual of [Greek: adm&ecirc;v]," added he, as
+Ritchie retired.</p>
+
+<p>"I must beg you will excuse me, Professor Hamblin," said Paul, with the
+utmost deference, as he rose from the bench on which he was seated.</p>
+
+<p>"Go on with the dual!" replied the professor, sternly.</p>
+
+<p>Paul looked at the snapping gray eye of the learned gentleman, and was
+assured that he had a will of his own. As the captain of the Josephine,
+he did not wish to set an example of insubordination, which others might
+adopt before they were certain that the emergency required it. He had
+not seen the gathering clouds, and he had full confidence in the
+judgment and skill of Terrill, who was in charge of the deck. The rule
+was that the professors should be obeyed in study hours. This had always
+been the regulation on board the ship; but, then, the principal, who was
+a sailor himself, was always present to prevent any abuse of power.</p>
+
+<p>Paul decided to yield the point for a time, at least, and he recited his
+lesson as directed by the professor. Half an hour later, Ritchie
+appeared again, with another message from the first lieutenant, to the
+effect that the squall was almost upon them. This was about the time
+that Flag-officer Gordon had sent for the signal-officer, on board of
+the ship.</p>
+
+<p>"You must excuse me now, Professor Hamblin, for I must go on deck," said
+Paul, as respectfully as he could speak.</p>
+
+<p>"I can't spare you; I haven't finished the exercise yet," replied Mr.
+Hamblin, sourly. "This is a plan<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span> to break up the lesson in Greek,
+because some of the young gentlemen don't like to study it."</p>
+
+<p>"I beg your pardon, sir; but the officer of the deck sends me word that
+the squall is upon us. You can hear the thunder and see the lightning,"
+added Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"I am not afraid of thunder and lightning," growled the professor. "My
+classes are not to be broken up on any frivolous pretences. Mr.
+Lowington assured me I had full powers over all during study hours; and
+I tell you to be seated, and go on with your recitation."</p>
+
+<p>"But the vessel is in danger, sir," protested Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"I'm not afraid, and you need not be. Take your seat, sir, or I will
+report you to the principal."</p>
+
+<p>Paul's face flushed. No officer or professor had before ever threatened
+to report him to Mr. Lowington. Mr. Hamblin was as ignorant as a baby
+upon nautical matters, and while the Josephine rolled easily on the
+waves, and the sails flapped idly against the masts, he could imagine no
+peril.</p>
+
+<p>"I am sorry to disobey your order, sir; but in this instance I must,"
+said Paul, firmly, though his voice trembled with emotion.</p>
+
+<p>"Very well, sir," replied the professor, angrily, "I shall report you to
+the principal, and if I have any influence with him, you will be removed
+from your present position."</p>
+
+<p>Paul did not wait to hear any more, but hastened on deck. His quick eye
+discovered the peril of the moment. The squall was indeed upon them. At
+the peak of the Young America hung the signal which<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span> had been hoisted;
+but it was not necessary to look in the book for its meaning.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Terrill, call all hands&mdash;quick!" said Captain Kendall, in sharp
+tones.</p>
+
+<p>"All hands on deck, ahoy!" roared the boatswain's mate, as he piped his
+shrill whistle at the main hatch.</p>
+
+<p>The students flew from their seats at the mess table, deserting the two
+professors without an apology. With only two exceptions, the officers
+and crew of the Josephine were all old sailors. Most of them had been on
+board the ship for two years, and a sudden squall was no new thing to
+them. They leaped into their stations, and when the orders were given
+they knew exactly what to do.</p>
+
+<p>"Stand by sheets and halyards!" shouted the first lieutenant. "Man the
+jib, and flying jib halyards, and downhauls!"</p>
+
+<p>"All ready forward, sir," reported the second lieutenant, whose place
+was on the forecastle.</p>
+
+<p>"Man the topgallant clewlines and buntlines!" continued Terrill.</p>
+
+<p>"All ready, sir!"</p>
+
+<p>"Ease off the sheets! Settle away the halyards! Clew up! Lay aloft, and
+furl topgallant-sail!"</p>
+
+<p>The topgallant men sprang up the rigging like so many cats, for all
+hands had been thoroughly waked up by the impending peril.</p>
+
+<p>"Let go the flying jib halyard! Haul down! Lay out and stow the flying
+jib!"</p>
+
+<p>"Man the topsail clewlines and buntlines!"</p>
+
+<p>"All ready, sir," replied the second lieutenant.</p>
+
+<p>"Let go the topsail sheets! Clew up! Settle away the halyards! Haul taut
+the braces!"<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>All this was done in half the time it takes to read it; and the light
+sails of the Josephine were furled. The main gaff-topsail was taken in,
+and then the schooner had only her jib, foresail, and mainsail. It was
+not necessary to take these in until the peril became more imminent; but
+Paul ordered the foresail to be lowered, and reefed, for the vessel was
+supposed to lie to best under this sail. The Young America had furled
+everything except her topsails, jib, and spanker.</p>
+
+<p>Professor Hamblin had not yet recovered from his astonishment, and he
+was as indignant as a learned Greek scholar could be. Professor Stoute
+and himself were the only persons left in the steerage; but while the
+former laughed, the latter stormed.</p>
+
+<p>"I have been insulted, Mr. Stoute," said the learned gentleman. "That
+boy has disobeyed me, as though I were a person of no consequence."</p>
+
+<p>"Why, he was perfectly respectful to you," laughed the good-natured
+professor. "You must remember that he is the captain of the ship, and
+that everything depends upon him."</p>
+
+<p>"He left the class contrary to my orders; and not satisfied with that,
+he calls all the rest of the students on deck," added Mr. Hamblin,
+wrathfully. "I had not finished the Greek lesson."</p>
+
+<p>"But there's a squall coming up," pleaded Mr. Stoute.</p>
+
+<p>"What if there was a squall coming up. The principal assured me there
+were hands enough on deck to work the vessel under all ordinary
+circumstances."</p>
+
+<p>"But you don't understand the matter, Mr. Hamblin," continued the jolly
+professor.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Do you mean to insult me too, Mr. Stoute?" demanded the irate
+fountain-head of Greek literature.</p>
+
+<p>"Certainly not; I beg your pardon, Mr. Hamblin," replied Mr. Stoute,
+laughing more heartily than before. "I do not profess to comprehend
+these nautical affairs; but I presume it was necessary to call all
+hands, or the captain would not have done so."</p>
+
+<p>"It was not necessary. I am willing to take the responsibility of that
+assertion myself, and I shall report this disrespect and disobedience of
+the captain to Mr. Lowington. If he chooses to sustain the delinquent in
+such gross misconduct, I will leave the vessel at the first port we
+enter."</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Lowington will certainly do justice to both of you."</p>
+
+<p>"Excuse me, Mr. Stoute; he must do justice to <i>me</i>. I have been a
+schoolmaster and a professor in college all my lifetime, and I do not
+wish to have any one speak of settling a case between me and one of my
+pupils. There is only one side to such a question," replied Mr. Hamblin,
+whose dignity was terribly damaged by the incident of the afternoon.</p>
+
+<p>"Well, Mr. Hamblin, I wish to be respectful; but I also mean to be
+candid. I feel compelled to say that I believe you are all wrong."</p>
+
+<p>"All wrong, sir!"</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir; all wrong. Look at the question for one moment."</p>
+
+<p>"I don't wish to look at it. Between teacher and pupil there can be no
+issues of any kind. It is my place to command, my scholar's to obey, in
+the school-room."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Now, really, Mr. Hamblin," continued the laughing professor, rubbing
+his hands, as though he enjoyed the controversy, "while I agree with you
+on the general principle, I must differ from you in its application to
+this particular case. Your pupil is the commander of the vessel. Our
+very lives depend upon his prudence and skill. It was necessary to take
+in sail."</p>
+
+<p>"Very well. Wasn't half the crew on deck for that purpose?" interposed
+Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"But who shall determine whether it is necessary or not to take in
+sail?"</p>
+
+<p>"The officer who has the care of the vessel for the time being, of
+course. Then there are Mr. Cleats, and Mr. Gage, and the servants to
+help them reduce the sails, if needed. There is not the least necessity
+for disturbing the classes."</p>
+
+<p>"But no one except the captain can give the order to take in a single
+sail in the daytime. This vessel is under naval discipline, you are
+aware; but I think you cannot have read the rules. Here they are," added
+Mr. Stoute, taking the printed regulations of the ship from his pocket.
+"Officer of the Deck. He is not to make or take in sail in the daytime,
+except in a squall, without directions from the captain; but in the
+night he may take in sail, acquainting the captain with his reasons,
+which he must enter on the log."</p>
+
+<p>"Well, this is a squall&mdash;isn't it?" growled Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"Perhaps it will be; but it seems to me quite proper that the captain
+should go on deck when<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span> there is any danger. For my part, I have some
+regard for my fat body, and I don't care about leaving it here at the
+bottom of the German Ocean," chuckled Mr. Stoute; and he always laughed
+with especial gusto when he had said anything which he thought was
+funny. "The captain can leave any of my classes when he is sent for to
+look out for the vessel."</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Stoute, this is a question of discipline; and higher considerations
+than those of merely personal comfort and security should be brought to
+bear upon it. It would be impossible for me to impart to my pupils a
+knowledge of that noblest language of the historic past, if they are to
+be permitted to leave the class when they choose to do so. I shall refer
+this matter to Mr. Lowington for his decision. He must suspend the
+captain, or he must suspend me. If I cannot control my scholars, I will
+not attempt to instruct. It would be preposterous to do so. I shall take
+a boat, and go on board of the ship at once, for this difficulty admits
+of no delay."</p>
+
+<p>Professor Hamblin, in high dudgeon, took his hat, and went up the
+ladder. Mr. Stoute shook his fat sides, laughing at the ire of his
+distinguished and learned associate. He was desirous of seeing his
+companion start for the ship in the approaching tempest, and he followed
+him on deck.</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall," said Mr. Hamblin, sternly, as he walked up to the
+young commander, heedless of the rattling thunder and the flashing
+lightning.</p>
+
+<p>Paul bowed politely, and looked at the professor, intimating that he was
+ready to hear him. It was noticeable that Mr. Hamblin always called the
+com<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span>mander "Mr. Kendall" when he was in the steerage attending to his
+studies, and "Captain Kendall" on deck, or in the cabin. The professor
+intended to indicate, by this choice of terms, that he was captain
+during school hours.</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall, I desire a boat immediately," added Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"A boat!" exclaimed Paul, astonished at the request at such a time.</p>
+
+<p>"I said a boat, Captain Kendall. I purpose to refer the matter of your
+disobedience to Mr. Lowington without any unnecessary delay."</p>
+
+<p>"But, Mr. Hamblin, there is a squall coming up."</p>
+
+<p>"I am aware of that; but I demand the boat."</p>
+
+<p>"It would be dangerous, sir. The boat would certainly be swamped."</p>
+
+<p>"I will take the responsibility of that."</p>
+
+<p>"I should be very happy to furnish the boat, sir; but I cannot expose a
+crew to such a storm as will soon break upon us," replied Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"You refuse&mdash;do you?" demanded the professor, angrily.</p>
+
+<p>"I feel compelled to do so, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"In my hearing, Mr. Lowington instructed you to furnish the professors
+with a boat at any time when they desired it."</p>
+
+<p>"I will furnish the boat, sir; but I will not expose the crew to such
+peril. I will hoist out the third cutter for you, sir, if you wish."</p>
+
+<p>"I demand a sufficient number of sailors to row the boat."</p>
+
+<p>"You will pardon me, sir; but I will not send any<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span> seamen into a boat
+until the squall is over. It is unreasonable to ask such a thing."</p>
+
+<p>"Unreasonable, sir! How dare you tell me I am unreasonable?" stormed the
+professor, stamping his foot upon the deck.</p>
+
+<p>Paul bowed, but made no reply. He was placed in a very disagreeable and
+painful position. He knew that it was madness to send a boat off while
+the squall was impending. Mr. Hamblin was wrathy. The long billows were
+black and smooth, and the sails hung idly on the gaffs. There was no
+danger then, and the learned gentleman had been so fortunate as never to
+see any of the perils of the ocean. His passage to England in the
+steamer had been a remarkably pleasant one. Nothing like a gale, or even
+a high wind, had interrupted its serenity, and the professor had imbibed
+a certain contempt for the perils of the ocean. He had never seen them;
+and, if mere boys were able to work such a vessel as the Josephine, a
+learned man like himself need not tremble in their presence.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_II" id="CHAPTER_II"></a>CHAPTER II.</h2>
+
+<h3>A SQUALL IN THE GERMAN OCEAN.</h3>
+
+
+<p>"Mr. Cleats!" said Professor Hamblin, in the most sternly solemn and
+impressive manner, as he rushed up to the adult boatswain of the
+Josephine.</p>
+
+<p>"Here, sir!" responded the old salt, touching his cap as politely as
+though the learned gentleman had been an admiral.</p>
+
+<p>"I want a boat, sir," continued the professor, fiercely.</p>
+
+<p>"Your honor must apply to the captain," answered Cleats, touching his
+cap again.</p>
+
+<p>"I have applied to him, and he has refused me. I desire you to take a
+boat, and row me to the ship. The carpenter can assist you."</p>
+
+<p>"Bless your honor's heart, I can't go without the captain's orders,"
+added Cleats, opening his eyes as wide as though he had been invited to
+head a mutiny.</p>
+
+<p>"I will protect you from any harm, Mr. Cleats. I will represent the
+matter to Mr. Lowington."</p>
+
+<p>"I never do anything, your honor, without orders from the captain. It
+would be mutiny for me to do so, and I should be hung at the fore
+yard-arm."</p>
+
+<p>"Nonsense, Mr. Cleats! Will you listen to reason?"</p>
+
+<p>"Sartain, your honor. I always listen to reason;<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span> but there isn't any
+reason in leaving the ship without the captain's orders."</p>
+
+<p>"But the captain says I may have the boat; and I only want a couple of
+men to row it."</p>
+
+<p>"I will pull the boat with the greatest pleasure, sir, if the captain
+orders me to do so; or the first lieutenant, for that matter, sir. I
+always obey orders, sir, if it sinks the ship."</p>
+
+<p>"I have a complaint to make against the captain for disobedience of my
+orders, and he will not permit me to go on board of the ship to prefer
+the charge."</p>
+
+<p>"Whew!" whistled the boatswain, as long and loud as though the sound had
+been made with his own shrill pipe. "A complaint against the captain! I
+beg your honor's pardon, but that can't be. Nobody can have a complaint
+against the captain."</p>
+
+<p>"I do not wish to argue the matter with you. Will you do what I ask, or
+not?"</p>
+
+<p>"I beg your honor's pardon, but I will not," replied Cleats, who seemed
+to have no doubt in regard to his own course, whatever rupture there
+might be among the powers above him.</p>
+
+<p>"That's enough," growled Mr. Hamblin, turning on his heel.</p>
+
+<p>"There's a big squall coming, your honor," added Cleats, loud enough for
+the professor to hear him. "The boat wouldn't live a minute in it."</p>
+
+<p>"I am not afraid of the squall," replied the learned gentleman, pausing.
+"Will you row the boat?"</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir; I would rather not," answered Cleats, shaking his head.</p>
+
+<p>At this moment a heavy roaring, rushing sound<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span> came over the sea from
+the direction of the land. The water was covered with a dense white
+mist. The sound increased in volume till it vied with the booming
+thunder, and the surface of the sea was lashed into a snowy foam by the
+coming tempest.</p>
+
+<p>"Down with the jib and mainsail!" shouted Captain Kendall, sharply.</p>
+
+<p>"Stand by the mainsail halyards!" said Terrill, through his speaking
+trumpet. "Man the jib halyards and downhaul!"</p>
+
+<p>"All ready, sir," replied the second lieutenant, forward; for all hands
+were still at their stations, in anticipation of the emergency.</p>
+
+<p>"All ready, sir," added the fourth lieutenant, whose place was on the
+quarter-deck.</p>
+
+<p>"Let go the mainsail halyards!" added the first lieutenant; and the
+order was repeated by the fourth lieutenant. "Down with it, lively!"</p>
+
+<p>The heavy sail, assisted by twenty pairs of willing and eager hands,
+rattled down in an instant, and was speedily secured.</p>
+
+<p>"Let go the jib halyards! Haul down!" said the second lieutenant, on the
+forecastle, when the order to take in the jib reached him.</p>
+
+<p>The hands "walked away" with the downhaul, and the jib was on the
+bowsprit in an instant.</p>
+
+<p>"Lay out and stow the jib!" added the officer. "Mind your eye there! The
+squall is upon us!"</p>
+
+<p>The roar of the squall&mdash;heard at first miles away&mdash;swept along over the
+ocean, carrying a tempest of foam and spray before it, and came down
+upon the Josephine. Though she carried no sail, the force of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span> the wind
+was enough to heel her down, while the spray leaped over her decks in
+the furious blast. The scene was grand and sublime. The thunders roared;
+the lightnings seemed to hiss in their fury, as they darted through the
+moist atmosphere; and the wind, hardly less than a hurricane, howled in
+unison with the booming thunderbolts.</p>
+
+<p>At first, on the long swells of the ocean, which a moment before had
+been as smooth and glassy as a mirror, thousands of little white-capped
+waves gathered, throwing up volumes of fine spray, which was borne away
+by the tempest; so that the air was laden with moisture. Though the
+squall came heavy in the beginning, it did not attain its full power for
+several minutes. The effect even of the onslaught of the tempest was
+tremendous, and officers and crew clung to the rigging and the wood-work
+of the vessel, fearful that the savage blast would take them bodily from
+their feet, and bear them away into the angry ocean.</p>
+
+<p>"Down with the helm!" roared Captain Kendall to the quartermaster, who,
+with four of the strongest seamen, had been stationed at the wheel.</p>
+
+<p>The action of the fierce wind upon the vessel's side was powerful enough
+to give her steerage-way without any sail, and her head came up to the
+gale, so that she took the blast on her port bow. Thus far, the effect
+upon the ocean did not correspond with the violence of the tempest; for
+even the severest blow does not immediately create a heavy sea. But, if
+the tempest continued even for a few minutes, this result was sure to
+follow. There is no especial peril in a squall, if the seaman has had
+time to take in sail, unless in a<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span> heavy sea; but it does not take long
+for a hurricane, in the open ocean, to stir up the water to its maddest
+fury.</p>
+
+<p>Professor Hamblin was walking up and down in the waist,&mdash;a very pretty
+type of the squall itself,&mdash;when the initial stroke of the tempest came
+upon the Josephine. His "stove-pipe" hat, as non-nautical as anything
+could be, which he persisted in wearing, was tipped from his head, and
+borne over the rail into the sea. This accident did not improve his
+temper, and he was on the point of asking the captain to send a boat to
+pick up his lost tile, when the full force of the squall began to be
+expended upon the vessel. He found himself unable to stand up; and he
+reeled to the mainmast, where Professor Stoute was already moored to the
+fife-rail.</p>
+
+<p>"Wouldn't you like the boat now, Mr. Hamblin?" chuckled the jolly
+professor, hardly able to speak without having his words blown down his
+throat.</p>
+
+<p>"I've lost my hat," growled the learned gentleman, almost choked with
+ill-nature within, and the ill-wind without.</p>
+
+<p>"Ask the captain to send a boat for it," laughed Mr. Stoute. "There he
+stands! Upon my word, he is a wonder to me! He handles the vessel like
+an old admiral who has been imbedded in salt for forty years!"</p>
+
+<p>"Any boy could do it!" snarled the irate professor.</p>
+
+<p>"It is fortunate that Captain Kendall went on deck when he did," added
+Mr. Stoute. "We should all have gone to the bottom if they hadn't taken
+in sail in season."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"You distress yourself with mighty bugbears," sneered Mr. Hamblin. "I am
+very sorry to see you encouraging insubordination among your pupils,
+and&mdash;"</p>
+
+<p>And a blast more savage than any which had before struck the vessel
+ended the professor's speech; for, while it drenched him with salt
+water, it gave him all he wanted to do to hold on for his life. He
+worked himself round under the lee of the mainmast, and held on with
+both hands at the fife-rail, his breath blown down into his lungs by the
+wind.</p>
+
+<p>The squall was not one of those which come and go in a few moments; and,
+in a short time, the sea had been lashed into a boiling, roaring,
+foam-capped maelstrom. The Josephine rolled and pitched most fearfully.
+Below there was a fierce crashing of everything movable, while the winds
+howled a savage storm-song through the swaying rigging. By the captain's
+order, the crew had, with great difficulty, extended several life-lines
+across the deck, for the safety of those who were compelled to move
+about in executing the various man&oelig;uvres which the emergency
+required.</p>
+
+<p>The angry professor began to cool off under the severe regimen of the
+tempest. He was drenched to the skin by the spray, and it required the
+utmost activity on his part to enable him to keep his hold upon the
+fife-rail. Now the vessel rolled, and pitched him upon his moorings; and
+then rolled again, jerking him, at arm's length, away from them, his
+muscles cracking under the pressure. Professor Stoute, determined to be
+on the safe side, had passed the end of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span> the lee topgallant brace around
+his body, and secured himself to one of the belaying pins. Nothing ever
+disturbed his equanimity, and though he was doubtless fully impressed by
+the sublimity of the storm, he was just as jolly and good-natured as
+ever.</p>
+
+<p>The captain and the executive officer were holding on at one of the
+life-lines on the quarter-deck. Paul looked as noble and commanding as
+though he had been a foot taller, with a full beard grown upon his face.
+He appeared to be master of the situation, and Professor Stoute regarded
+him with an admiration strongly in contrast with the disgust of his
+fellow-teacher. The competent captain of the ship is always little less
+than a miracle of a man to his passengers, especially in a storm, when
+he is confident and self-reliant. They feel that everything&mdash;their very
+lives, and the lives of those they love&mdash;are dependent upon him, and
+they look up to him as to an oracle of skill and wisdom.</p>
+
+<p>"It's coming heavier and heavier," said Terrill, as the Josephine gave a
+fearful lurch.</p>
+
+<p>"Ay, ay! It's nothing less than a hurricane," replied Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"It's the biggest squall I ever was in," added Terrill, blowing the salt
+water out of his mouth, after a pint of spray had slapped him in the
+face.</p>
+
+<p>"It is kicking up an awful sea."</p>
+
+<p>"That's so."</p>
+
+<p>"Keep your helm hard down, Blair!" shouted Paul to the quartermaster in
+charge of the wheel.</p>
+
+<p>"She don't mind it now, sir!" yelled the quartermaster, at the top of
+his lungs.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"She's falling off, Mr. Terrill," added Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"I see she is, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"We must keep her head up to it, or our decks will be washed. Hard down,
+Blair!"</p>
+
+<p>"She don't mind it, sir!"</p>
+
+<p>"Set the close-reefed foresail, Mr. Terrill," said the captain. "But be
+careful of the hands."</p>
+
+<p>Terrill, with the trumpet in his hand, sprang from the life-line to the
+fife-rail, so as to be nearer to the hands who were to execute the
+captain's order. The unpleasant plight of Mr. Hamblin attracted his
+attention, in spite of the pressure of the emergency. His gyrations, as
+he bobbed about under the uneasy motions of the vessel, gave him a
+ludicrous appearance, which even the positive expression of suffering on
+his face did not essentially mitigate. He had evidently come to a
+realizing sense of the perils of the sea, and was a pitiful sight to
+behold.</p>
+
+<p>"Man the foresail outhaul!" shouted Terrill, through his trumpet. "Mr.
+Martyn!"</p>
+
+<p>"Here, sir!" replied the second lieutenant; but his voice sounded like a
+whisper in the roar of the hurricane.</p>
+
+<p>"Double the hands on the outhaul!" added Terrill. "Stand by the brails!"</p>
+
+<p>"All ready, forward, sir!" reported Martyn.</p>
+
+<p>"Stand by the fore-sheets!&mdash;Mr. Cleats!" continued the executive
+officer.</p>
+
+<p>"Here, sir!" said the old sailor, who, with the carpenter, was holding
+on at the weather-rail.</p>
+
+<p>"Will you and Mr. Gage assist at the sheet?"</p>
+
+<p>"Ay, ay, sir! This is heavy work. I hope she'll carry that foresail."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"She must carry it, or carry it away," added Terrill. "We are falling
+off badly."</p>
+
+<p>"So we are; it ought to be done," answered the boatswain, as he began to
+overhaul the sheets.</p>
+
+<p>It was with the greatest difficulty that any one could stand up on deck.
+The billows were momentarily increasing, and the Josephine had fallen
+off into the trough of the sea, and rolled helplessly in the surging
+waves, so that her fore yard appeared almost to dip in the brine. The
+outhaul was run out on the deck, and manned by all the hands that could
+get hold of it. The lee sheet was extended in like manner, and the whole
+after guard, besides the two adult forward officers, were called to walk
+away with it.</p>
+
+<p>"O, dear!" groaned Mr. Hamblin, after the vessel had given an unusually
+heavy lee lurch, the jerk of which had nearly knocked the breath out of
+his body.</p>
+
+<p>"What's the matter, your honor?" demanded Cleats, who always pitied a
+landlubber in a gale.</p>
+
+<p>"Do you think there's any danger, Mr. Cleats?" gasped the professor.</p>
+
+<p>"Danger! Bless your honor's heart! there's never any danger in a good
+ship, well manned," replied the veteran tar, as he knocked a kink out of
+the sheet. "Look at the captain! When he gets scared, you may."</p>
+
+<p>"It is really terrible!" puffed the learned professor.</p>
+
+<p>"Wouldn't your honor like the boat now?" growled the boatswain, with a
+hearty chuckle.</p>
+
+<p>"All ready at the sheets, sir!" screamed Robinson, the fourth
+lieutenant, who had charge of the waist at quarters.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Hold on, Mr. Terrill!" shouted the captain, as the Josephine rolled on
+her lee side till the water bubbled up in her scuppers. "Wait till I
+give you the word!"</p>
+
+<p>Paul was waiting for a favorable moment, when the blast should lull a
+little, to set the reefed foresail.</p>
+
+<p>"You must get out of the way, gentlemen!" said Terrill, roaring out the
+words through his trumpet. "The sheet blocks will knock you over!"</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Stoute unmoored himself, and made a dive at the life-line, where the
+captain was holding on; but, being rather clumsy in his obesity, he
+missed his aim, and was thrown into the scuppers. Mr. Cleats went to his
+assistance, and picked him up while he lay upon his back, with his legs
+and arms thrown up like a turtle trying to turn over. Mr. Hamblin was
+not encouraged by this experiment of his associate.</p>
+
+<p>"Why don't you go below, sir?" shouted Terrill, placing his trumpet
+close to the professor's head.</p>
+
+<p>"I can't move," replied he.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Gage will help you," added the lieutenant.</p>
+
+<p>The carpenter assisted Mr. Hamblin to the companion-way, while the
+boatswain had succeeded in rolling Mr. Stoute up to the same point. The
+doors were opened, and the head steward helped them down the ladder.</p>
+
+<p>"All ready!" shouted Captain Kendall, when the favorable moment came for
+setting the foresail.</p>
+
+<p>"Let go the brails!" bellowed the executive officer. "Haul out!"</p>
+
+<p>The ready seaman promptly obeyed the order, at the instant when the
+vessel, having rolled over as far as her centre of gravity would permit
+her to go in the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span> trough of the sea, was poised as it were on a balance,
+waiting for the recoil of the wave that was to throw her down on the
+weather roll. The close-reefed foresail flew out from the brails, and
+began to thresh tremendously in the fierce blast.</p>
+
+<p>"Slack the weather vang!" continued Terrill to the hands who had been
+stationed at this rope. "Walk away with the sheet!"</p>
+
+<p>It required a tremendous pull to haul home the sheet of the foresail,
+banging furiously in the tempest; but there was force enough to
+accomplish it, though not till the vessel had made her weather roll,
+which lifted half the line of seamen from their feet. The close-reefed
+foresail was trimmed so as to lay the schooner to with her head up to
+the sea. The billows were increasing in volume so fearfully that it was
+no longer prudent to permit the vessel to roll in the trough of the sea,
+where she was in danger of being overwhelmed by the combing waves.</p>
+
+<p>"Mind your helm, Blair!" called the first lieutenant, springing aft to
+the wheel. "Port a little! Don't let the sail be taken aback!"</p>
+
+<p>The head of the Josephine came up handsomely to the sea, and it was thus
+proved that the double-reefed foresail was just the sail for such an
+emergency. It was only to be demonstrated whether the sail would be
+blown out of the bolt-ropes or not. If it had been an old one, such
+would probably have been its fate; but being nearly new, and of the best
+material, it stood the strain to the end.</p>
+
+<p>"Mind your eye, Blair!" roared Terrill. "Starboard!"<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Starboard, sir!" replied the quartermaster.</p>
+
+<p>"Touch her up when it comes so heavy," added the lieutenant.</p>
+
+<p>The vessel had fallen off, and took the wind so far on the beam that she
+buried her scuppers deep in the waves. The order to "touch her up," or
+luff her up into the wind, so as partially to spill the sail, was given
+to ease off the tremendous pressure. The Josephine minded her helm, and
+luffed so that she righted herself.</p>
+
+<p>"Steady, Blair!" called the lieutenant. "Port! Not too much, or you'll
+broach her to!"</p>
+
+<p>"Sail ho!" suddenly shouted several of the seamen in the forward part of
+the vessel.</p>
+
+<p>"Where away?"</p>
+
+<p>"Right over the lee bow! She has capsized!"</p>
+
+<p>Paul and Terrill ran to the rail, and discovered a small vessel, lying
+over on her beam ends.</p>
+
+<p>"That's a Dutch galiot!" exclaimed Cleats, who promptly recognized the
+craft. "That's a trick they have of turning bottom upwards."</p>
+
+<p>"Port!" shouted Terrill, who did not take his eye off the foresail of
+the Josephine for more than an instant at a time.</p>
+
+<p>The attention of the quartermaster and the helmsman had been attracted
+by the announcement of the wreck, and they had permitted the Josephine
+to luff up until the foresail began to shake. The atmosphere was so
+thick that the galiot was seen but for an instant, and it then
+disappeared in the dense mists. Captain Kendall trembled with emotion
+when he saw the disabled vessel; but it was impossible to do anything
+for her until the hurricane subsided.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Fortunately the worst of it had already passed, and a few moments later
+it ceased almost as suddenly as it commenced. The rain began to fall in
+torrents, while a fresh breeze and a tremendous sea were all that
+remained of the hurricane&mdash;for such it was, rather than an ordinary
+squall.</p>
+
+<p>"Set the jib and mainsail, Mr. Terrill," said Captain Kendall. "We must
+endeavor to find that wreck."</p>
+
+<p>These sails were accordingly hoisted, the Josephine came about, and
+stood off in the direction towards which the galiot was supposed to have
+drifted. The Young America had not been seen since the squall came up;
+but Paul conjectured that she had run away before it. He was deeply
+interested in the fate of those on board of the wreck, and trusted he
+should be able to render them some assistance, if all on board of her
+had not already perished.</p>
+
+<p>The rain poured down furiously; but it did not dampen the enthusiasm of
+the young officers and crew, though they were already drenched to the
+skin. The reefed foresail was taken in, for it was found that the jib
+and mainsail were all the schooner needed. She stood on for an hour or
+more, without obtaining a sight of the wreck, though every eye on board
+was strained to catch the first glimpse of it.</p>
+
+<p>"We must have passed her," said the captain.</p>
+
+<p>"It is so thick we can't see her, even if we should go within half a
+mile of her."</p>
+
+<p>"Come about, and stand a little more to the southward!" added Captain
+Kendall. "Let the fog-horns be blown. We may get a signal of some kind
+from them."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I am afraid they were lost overboard; and that there is no one left to
+make a signal," answered Terrill, sadly.</p>
+
+<p>The vessel was put about, and headed as indicated by the captain. The
+fog-horns were blown at intervals, and every one on board listened
+eagerly for a reply. These efforts were not unavailing, for a response
+was obtained after the Josephine had run half an hour on her present
+course. A hoarse shout was heard on the weather beam, which was
+unmistakably a cry of distress.</p>
+
+<p>"Steady as she is!" said Paul to the executive officer, as soon as the
+sounds were reported to him, and the direction from which they came.</p>
+
+<p>"Are you not going about, Captain Kendall?" asked Terrill, with a look
+of anxiety on his dripping face.</p>
+
+<p>"Certainly; but if we go about here, we should fall to leeward of the
+wreck," replied Paul.</p>
+
+<p>The Josephine stood on for a few moments longer, and then tacked.</p>
+
+<p>"Blow the horns, and keep a sharp lookout forward," added the captain,
+who was quite as anxious as any other person on board; but he kept
+apparently cool, in deference to the dignity of his high office.</p>
+
+<p>"I see her!" shouted Wheeler, the boatswain, who had gone out on the
+flying jib-boom.</p>
+
+<p>"Where away is she?" demanded Martyn, from the forecastle.</p>
+
+<p>"Well on the lee bow, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"Are we headed for her?"</p>
+
+<p>"Ay, ay, sir! We shall go clear of her to windward."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Wreck on the lee bow, sir," reported the second lieutenant to Terrill,
+who in turn reported to the captain.</p>
+
+<p>"Clear away the first cutter, Mr. Terrill," said Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"All the first cutters, ahoy!" shouted the boatswain's mate.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Pelham will have charge of the boat," added Captain Kendall, who
+had great confidence in the zeal and ability of this officer.</p>
+
+<p>"The wreck! The wreck!" shouted all hands, as the disabled galiot came
+into view.</p>
+
+<p>On the rail of the vessel, whose starboard half was completely submerged
+in the water, were two men, making violent gestures, and shouting to the
+crew of the Josephine. Not a word they said could be understood, but it
+was easy enough for Yankees to guess the meaning of their words. The
+schooner was thrown up into the wind, the jib lowered, and she lay to
+under the mainsail. Pelham and the crew of the first cutter took their
+places in the boat, and were lowered into the stormy sea. The falls were
+cast off the instant she struck the water; the coxswain gave his orders
+rapidly, and the cutter went off, rising and falling on the huge waves
+like a feather.</p>
+
+<p>The distance was short; but even this was a hard pull in such a violent
+sea. Pelham was cool and steady, and his self-possession encouraged the
+crew to their best efforts. The boat ran up under the lee of the wreck,
+and made fast to one of the masts. As soon as it was secured, both of
+the men on the rail began to jabber in an unintelligible language.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"<i>Parlez-vous fran&ccedil;ais?</i>" shouted Pelham, who had some knowledge of the
+polite language.</p>
+
+<p>But the men made no response; and it was evident that no long speeches
+need be made on the present occasion. Pelham made signs to them to come
+down into the boat, which they did. They were not satisfied, but
+continued to talk in their own language, and to point earnestly to the
+after part of the wreck. One of them repeated a word so many times, that
+the officer of the boat was enabled at last to separate it from the
+confused jumble of sentences.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Vrow?</i>" said he.</p>
+
+<p>The man nodded earnestly, and pointed with redoubled vigor to the after
+part of the galiot.</p>
+
+<p><i>Vrow</i> means wife; and Pelham concluded that the skipper's lady was in
+the cabin, but whether dead or alive he did not know.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_III" id="CHAPTER_III"></a>CHAPTER III.</h2>
+
+<h3>SOMETHING ABOUT DIKES.</h3>
+
+
+<p>It was evident to those on board of the Josephine that there was some
+reason for the delay of the boat in not bringing off the survivors of
+the wreck. The energetic motions of the men on the disabled vessel could
+be dimly seen through the mist and rain.</p>
+
+<p>"Hoist the jib, Terrill," said Captain Kendall. "We will run up to the
+wreck, and ascertain what the trouble is."</p>
+
+<p>"Man the jib halyards! Stand by the jib sheet!" added Terrill.</p>
+
+<p>"All ready, sir!"</p>
+
+<p>"Let go the downhaul! Hoist away!" continued the first lieutenant. "Port
+the helm!"</p>
+
+<p>The mainsail was trimmed, the jib sheet hauled down, and the schooner
+filled away again. She ran close under the lee of the galiot, just far
+enough off to clear her masts.</p>
+
+<p>"What's the matter, Mr. Pelham?" called Terrill through his trumpet.</p>
+
+<p>"There's a woman in the cabin," replied Pelham.</p>
+
+<p>"Clear away the gig!" said Captain Kendall, as the Josephine passed out
+of hailing distance of the wreck. "Mr. Martyn will take charge of the
+boat."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>The gig's crew were piped away, and the falls were manned. The second
+lieutenant stood ready at the gangway to take his place in the boat. The
+operation of hoisting out a boat was not so difficult and dangerous as
+it had been when the first cutter went off, for the sea was every moment
+abating its fury.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Cleats and Mr. Gage will go in the boat with a couple of axes,"
+added the captain, who had been studying the position of the wreck.</p>
+
+<p>The first lieutenant gave the order to the adult forward officers, who
+presented themselves at the gangway provided with their implements,
+ready to do the work assigned to them. By this time the weather had
+begun to clear off, and a streak of blue sky appeared in the west. The
+low land and the white cliffs and sand hills were seen again; but the
+coast was different from that which they had observed before the tempest
+burst upon them.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Martyn, you will cut away the masts of the wreck; but first
+endeavor to save the woman in the cabin," added the captain, when the
+crew of the boat had taken their places, and everything was in readiness
+to lower the boat.</p>
+
+<p>"I will do the best I can," replied Martyn, as he stepped into the gig.</p>
+
+<p>"If the galiot does not right when the masts are cut away, report to
+me."</p>
+
+<p>The boat went off on her mission of mercy, and those left on board of
+the schooner watched her progress with the most intense interest. All
+felt that they were not "playing sailor" then, but that the issues of
+life and death depended upon the exertions of the two boats' crews.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Have you any idea where we are, Captain Kendall?" asked Terrill, gazing
+earnestly at the distant shore, which was now revealing itself with
+greater clearness.</p>
+
+<p>Paul took a spy-glass and carefully surveyed the shore. Terrill took
+another glass, and both of them went up into the main rigging, so as to
+obtain a better view of the shore.</p>
+
+<p>"There are some church steeples near the coast, and farther back there
+is a great number of them," said Terrill.</p>
+
+<p>"All right," replied Paul, as he returned to the deck, followed by the
+first lieutenant.</p>
+
+<p>"Do you make out the coast?" asked the latter.</p>
+
+<p>"Yes; we are on Thornton's Ridge. Throw the lead!" replied Paul, with
+some anxiety, as he took the glass and pointed it in the direction
+opposite the shore.</p>
+
+<p>"By the mark five!" reported the quartermaster, who was heaving the lead
+in the fore chains.</p>
+
+<p>"That proves it," exclaimed Paul. "We are on Thornton's. The steeples on
+the shore are Blankenburg, and those farther off are the Bruges
+steeples. We are about twelve miles to the eastward of the North Hinder,
+where there is a light-vessel. We have been drifting to the southward.
+We will tack now, and stand over to windward of the wreck."</p>
+
+<p>The Josephine went about again, and stood up to the point indicated by
+the captain. The wind had now subsided to a gentle breeze, and the sea
+was abating its violence in a corresponding degree. The lead was thrown
+continually, but not less than three<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span> fathoms was indicated at any time.
+Cleats and Gage, with their sharp axes, were dealing heavy blows at the
+masts of the galiot, while the crew of the gig and first cutter were
+clearing away the standing rigging. By the time the schooner reached the
+position to windward of the wreck, the work had been accomplished. The
+two boats had backed away from the wreck, and suddenly the hull righted.
+A few more strokes of the axes severed the shrouds, which could not be
+reached while the vessel lay upon her side.</p>
+
+<p>Pelham, who was on the deck of the vessel when she righted, rushed to
+the companion-way, which had been submerged before. He was closely
+followed by the two men. The cabin was half full of water; but he found
+there a woman and a young girl of sixteen, who had been clinging for
+life to an upper berth. The gallant lieutenant plunged up to his middle
+in the water, and bore the girl to the ladder. At the same time, the
+older of the men performed a similar service for the woman. He was
+evidently the husband of the woman and the father of the girl. When he
+returned to the deck, he embraced the woman and the girl, and lavished
+upon them the most tender caresses.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Pelham, you will convey these people to the Josephine, and report
+what has been done to the captain," said Martyn, who was the superior
+officer.</p>
+
+<p>The first cutter was hauled up to the gangway of the galiot, and Pelham
+by signs invited the family to embark. They comprehended his meaning,
+and the females were assisted into the boat. The older man, who was
+apparently the skipper of the vessel, exhibited some reluctance at
+leaving his craft. His heart<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</a></span> seemed to be broken by the calamity which
+had befallen him, and he wept bitterly, uttering piteous exclamations,
+which could not be understood by the Josephines, as Pelham hurried him
+into the cutter.</p>
+
+<p>The party continued their sad wailings till the boat reached the
+schooner. The women were assisted to the deck, where they stood staring
+with blank amazement at the vessel and her crew. The skipper was
+bewildered by the misfortune that overshadowed him.</p>
+
+<p>"I am glad to see you, sir," said Paul, as the disconsolate captain came
+up the accommodation ladder.</p>
+
+<p>"No use, Captain Kendall," said Pelham, smiling. "They can't speak a
+word of English."</p>
+
+<p>"Do you know anything about the vessel?" asked Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"I read her name on the stern, as we came back, and wrote it down; for a
+Yankee would choke to death in uttering it," replied Pelham, as he
+produced a piece of wet paper. "It is the 'Wel tevreeden, Dordrecht.'"</p>
+
+<p>"That's Dutch. She hails from Dort," added Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"Where are the professors?" asked Terrill. "Can they speak Dutch?"</p>
+
+<p>The professors, who had seen enough of rough weather for one day, had
+been making themselves as comfortable as possible in the cabin. The
+Dutchman and his family were conducted below by the first lieutenant.</p>
+
+<p>"What have you here?" demanded Mr. Stoute, who had just come from his
+berth, in which he had bolstered himself up, in order, as he expressed
+it, to know exactly where he was.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"We have just saved them from the wreck of a Dutch galiot. They can't
+speak a word of English, and we wish you to talk to them."</p>
+
+<p>"In Dutch?" laughed Mr. Stoute. "I cannot do it."</p>
+
+<p>"What is the matter, Mr. Terrill?" inquired Professor Hamblin, who had
+also taken to his berth to save his limbs from being broken.</p>
+
+<p>"A vessel has been wrecked, and we have saved two men and two women. Can
+you talk Dutch?" asked the first lieutenant, going to the door of the
+professor's state-room.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin proved to be no wiser than his associate, so far as the
+Dutch language was concerned; and it was found to be impossible to hold
+any communication with the wrecked persons except by signs. They were
+committed to the care of the steward, by whom everything was done to
+render them comfortable. The captain's state-room was given to the
+women, and they were supplied with hot coffee and other refreshments.</p>
+
+<p>"What is the condition of the wreck, Mr. Pelham?" asked Captain Kendall,
+as soon as the unfortunate persons had been provided for.</p>
+
+<p>"She is half full of water," replied the second master. "The crew of the
+gig were pumping her out when we left."</p>
+
+<p>"Do you know anything about her cargo?"</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir. Her hatches were battened down, and we could not see what was
+in the hold."</p>
+
+<p>The first lieutenant was directed to detail a working party for the
+wreck, to assist in pumping her out,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</a></span> and the first cutter returned to
+the galiot with sixteen hands. Orders were sent to Martyn to use every
+exertion to save the vessel and her cargo. It was now nearly dark; but
+the weather was favorable, and Paul hoped to get the dismasted galiot
+into port on the following day.</p>
+
+<p>The cutter reached the wreck, and the crew of the gig, who had been
+pumping and baling diligently, were relieved by fresh hands. The work
+went on with renewed energy. The hatches had been taken off, and the
+cargo was found to consist of butter, cheese, and manufactured goods.
+The boatswain had explored the hold, and declared that the merchandise
+was not badly damaged. The galiot had taken in less water than was
+supposed, from her position on the waves. After four hours of severe
+toil by the young seamen, the pumps sucked. The hull was tight, and the
+working party were greatly encouraged by the success of their efforts.</p>
+
+<p>The boatswain and carpenter, assisted by the boys, rigged a jury-mast
+out of the foremast of the galiot, which had been saved for the purpose.
+A jib and foresail were bent upon it, and the "Wel tevreeden" was in
+condition to make a harbor. It was midnight when the work was completed,
+and the report sent to Captain Kendall. Martyn, Pelham, and a crew of
+ten, to be assisted by Cleats and Gage, were detailed to take the galiot
+into the Scheldt.</p>
+
+<p>During the first part of the night it had been a dead calm, which had
+greatly assisted the labors of the working party. About four o'clock, on
+the morning of Sunday, a light breeze from the westward sprang<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</a></span> up, and
+the order was given by signal for the galiot to make sail, and to follow
+the Josephine. There was hardly a four-knot breeze, with the tide
+setting out; and the progress of the galiot, under her short sail, was
+very slow.</p>
+
+<p>Nothing had been seen of the Young America since the storm shut down
+upon her and concealed her from the view of those on board of the
+Josephine. Paul knew that Mr. Lowington would be exceedingly anxious
+about him and his vessel; but he was proud and happy in the reflection
+that he had carried the Josephine safely through the perils which had
+surrounded her. He had not closed his eyes during the night, as indeed
+no one connected with the sailing department of the schooner had done.
+The professors and the wrecked party had all turned in as usual, while
+Paul kept vigil on deck with the first lieutenant.</p>
+
+<p>"Sail ho!" cried the lookout forward, about seven o'clock in the
+morning.</p>
+
+<p>A small vessel was discovered approaching the Josephine from the
+direction of the shore, or rather of the mouth of the Scheldt, whose
+western estuary forms a broad bay about twelve miles in width. As the
+small craft came near, it was evident that she was a pilot boat. She
+carried a red flag at her mast-head, on which was a number in white
+figures. On her principal sail there was a large letter "P," and under
+it "<span class="smcap">Antwerpen</span>." When she hove in sight, the jack was hoisted at the
+foremast-head of the Josephine, which is the signal for a pilot. As the
+little cutter rounded to, the words "<i>Bateau Pilote</i>" with her number,
+were seen on the stern.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[Pg 50]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>She was a Belgian pilot-boat. The mouth of the Scheldt, and its course
+for forty miles, are in Holland, and off the mouth of the river both
+Dutch and Belgian pilots offer their services to inward-bound vessels;
+but the sea pilots take vessels only to Flushing, the river pilotage
+being a separate charge. Mr. Lowington had instructed Paul, as the
+squadron was bound to Antwerp, to prefer a Belgian pilot, who would take
+the vessel up to that city, and charge the pilotage in one bill.</p>
+
+<p>A canoe put off from the "Bateau Pilote," and a weather-beaten Belgian
+sailor leaped upon the deck. He opened his eyes very wide when he had
+taken a single glance at the vessel and her crew. He seemed to be as
+much confounded as the Liverpool pilot had been on a similar occasion.
+The professors were at breakfast in the cabin, and not a single man
+appeared on deck.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>L'Amerique?</i>" said the pilot, glancing at the flag which floated at
+the peak.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Oui</i>," replied Paul, laughing.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>O&ugrave; est le capitaine, monsieur?</i>" added the pilot, looking around him
+again.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Je suis capitaine,</i>" replied Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Est-il possible!</i>"</p>
+
+<p>"<i>C'est possible.</i> You speak English?&mdash;<i>parlez-vous anglais?</i>" added
+Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"I speak <i>un pere</i>," replied the pilot. "What vessel that is?" he
+continued, pointing to the galiot, which was following in the wake of
+the Josephine.</p>
+
+<p>"She is a Dutch vessel, that was upset yesterday. We saved her. The
+captain and his family are on<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[Pg 51]</a></span> board, but none of us have been able to
+speak a word to him."</p>
+
+<p>"Where bound are you?"</p>
+
+<p>"To Antwerp. We have a crew on board of the galiot. We will not attempt
+to take her to Antwerp."</p>
+
+<p>"She have taken a pilot," said the Belgian, as another man from the
+"Bateau Pilote" boarded her. "She shall be taken to Flushing."</p>
+
+<p>"You will put into Flushing, then, so that I can obtain the men on board
+of her."</p>
+
+<p>"I will&mdash;yes."</p>
+
+<p>"Did a ship&mdash;the Young America&mdash;go up the river last night?" asked Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"No; no ship. We see a ship off the Rabs when the storm came. She come
+about, and go to sea before the wind."</p>
+
+<p>This was what Paul supposed the Young America had done. He had no fears
+in regard to the safety of the ship as long as she had plenty of sea
+room. She would soon return, and the pilot-boat would be able to report
+the Josephine to the anxious people on board of her. The Belgian pilot
+took charge of the vessel; and after he had headed her towards the
+channel by which he intended to enter the river, he began to ask
+questions in regard to the juvenile officers and crew. He did not speak
+English any more fluently than Paul did French, and they did not get
+along very well. Mr. Stoute, having finished his breakfast, came on
+deck. He taught the French in the Josephine, and was very happy to find
+an opportunity to air his vocabulary.</p>
+
+<p>The skipper of the galiot came up from the cabin<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</a></span> soon after with his
+family. As the pilot spoke Dutch, the story of the unfortunate captain
+was obtained at last. The vessel had been caught in the squall, and
+knocked down. Two men on deck had been washed away and drowned. The
+companion-way being open, the water had rushed in and prevented the
+vessel from righting. The women, who lived on board all the time, as is
+frequently the case with the families of Dutch skippers, had climbed up
+and obtained a hold upon the berths on the port side of the cabin. By
+these means they were saved from drowning; but the cabin doors, being on
+the starboard side, were under water, so that they could not escape
+while the vessel lay on her beam-ends.</p>
+
+<p>The Josephine, followed by the "Wel tevreeden," entered the river. It
+was a beautiful day, warm and pleasant; and the officers and crew, in
+spite of the hardships of the preceding night, were eager to obtain
+their first view of the new country whose waters they were now entering.
+It was still over sixty miles, by the course of the Scheldt, to Antwerp;
+but the sights on the river and on the shore were novel and interesting.
+The vessels which sailed up and down the river were essentially
+different from any they had ever seen, with the exception, perhaps, of
+the wrecked galiot. They looked more like huge canal-boats than
+sea-going vessels. Some of them had wings, or boards, at their sides,
+which were let down when the craft was going on the wind, thus serving
+the same purpose as a centreboard. Others were rigged so that their
+masts could be lowered to the deck in passing bridges.</p>
+
+<p>Maps, guide-books, and other volumes of reference<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[Pg 53]</a></span> were in great demand
+among the students, and Professor Stoute was continually questioned by
+all hands. Mr. Hamblin was too grouty to permit any such familiarity,
+and doubtless he was saved from exposing his ignorance of the
+interesting country which the voyagers had now entered.</p>
+
+<p>The West Scheldt, upon whose waters the Josephine was now sailing, is
+sometimes called the Hond. On the left, and in plain sight from the
+deck, was Walcheren, the most extensive of the nine islands which
+constitute the province of Zealand, the most southern and western
+division of the kingdom of Holland. Zeeland, or Zealand, means
+<i>sea-land</i>; and its territory seems to belong to the ocean, since it is
+only by the most persevering care that the sea is prevented from making
+a conquest of it. These islands are for the most part surrounded and
+divided by the several mouths of the Scheldt, all of which are
+navigable.</p>
+
+<p>Our readers who have been on the sea-shore where the coast is washed by
+the broad ocean, or any considerable bay, have observed a ridge of sand,
+gravel, or stones thrown up from ten to twenty feet higher than the land
+behind. This was caused by the action of the sea. The exterior shore of
+Holland, that is, the land bordering upon the open ocean, has generally
+a ridge of sand of this description. The sand-hills or hummocks which
+are observed on the shores of Holland and Belgium are produced by the
+ceaseless beating of the stormy waves.</p>
+
+<p>In Holland, these ridges, or chains of sand-hills, are called "dunes."
+They extend, with little interruption,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[Pg 54]</a></span> from the Straits of Dover to the
+Zuyder Zee. The ridge is from one to three miles wide, and rising from
+twenty to fifty feet in height. The sand of which the "dunes" are
+composed is generally so fine that it is readily blown by a sharp wind;
+and they were as troublesome as the sands of Sahara in a simoom. In a
+dry and windy day, the atmosphere would become dim from the sand smoke
+of the dunes, and the material was conveyed in this manner far into the
+interior of the country, covering up the rich soil, so that it became
+necessary to dig up the sand. To overcome this evil, a kind of coarse
+reed grass is annually sown on the dunes, which forms a tough sod, and
+prevents the sand from being blown away.</p>
+
+<p>The dunes form a natural barrier to the progress of the sea; but these,
+of themselves, are insufficient to accomplish the purpose; for in the
+highest tides the waters sweep through the openings or valleys between
+the sand-hills. Immense dikes and sea-walls are erected to complete the
+security of the country from the invasions of the ocean. The embankments
+which protect the islands of Zealand are over three hundred miles in
+length in the aggregate, and involve an annual expense of two millions
+of guilders&mdash;more than eight hundred thousand dollars&mdash;in repairs.</p>
+
+<p>"The great dike of West Kappel is there," said the pilot to Captain
+Kendall, as he pointed to the land on the northern shore of the estuary.</p>
+
+<p>"I don't see anything," replied Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"There is nothing particular to see on this side of the dike,"
+interposed Professor Stoute, laughing at the astonishment of the
+captain. "What did you expect to see?"<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[Pg 55]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I hardly know. I have heard so much about the dikes of Holland, that I
+expected to see a big thing when I came across one of them," added Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"They are a big thing; but really there is very little to see."</p>
+
+<p>"But what is a dike, sir?" asked Paul, curiously. "I never supposed it
+was anything more than a mud wall."</p>
+
+<p>"It is nothing more than that, only it is on a very large scale, and it
+must be constructed with the nicest care; for the lives and property of
+the people depend upon its security. When they are going to build a
+dike, the first consideration, as in putting up a heavy building, is the
+foundation. I suppose you have seen a railroad built through a marsh, or
+other soft place."</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir; the railroad at Brockway went over the head of the bay, where
+the bottom was very soft. As fast as they put in gravel for the road,
+the mud squashed up on each side, making a ridge almost as high as the
+road itself. They built a heavy stone wharf at Brockway, the year before
+we sailed, and the weight of it lifted up the bottom of the shallow bay
+a hundred feet from it, so that boats get aground there now at half
+tide."</p>
+
+<p>"That is the idea exactly: The foundation is not solid; and that is
+often the chief difficulty in building a dike. The immense weight of the
+material of which it is constructed crowds the earth out from under it,
+and it sinks down faster than they can build it. In such places as this
+they find it necessary to drive piles, to build the embankment on."</p>
+
+<p>"They must cost a heap of money, then."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[Pg 56]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"The annual expense even for repairs of dikes in Holland is about three
+millions of dollars of our money. Speaking of that very dike of West
+Kappel," added the professor, pointing to its long, inclined escarpment,
+"it is said if it had been originally built of solid copper, the prime
+cost would have been less than the amount which has since been expended
+upon it in building, rebuilding, restoring, and repairing it. But the
+money spent on dikes is the salvation of Holland. The entire country
+would be washed away in a few years, if they were suffered to decay."</p>
+
+<p>"I see there are trees growing on the shore, farther up the river,"
+added Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"Those trees are willows; and wherever it is possible for them to
+thrive, they encourage their growth for two reasons: first, because the
+roots of the trees strengthen the dike; and, secondly, because the
+willow twigs are wanted in repairing and securing the embankment. The
+foundations of sea-dikes vary from a hundred and twenty to one hundred
+and fifty feet in width. The rampart is made of clay, which, as being
+impervious to water, forms the entire structure when the material is
+available in sufficient quantities. The maximum height of the dikes is
+forty feet; but of course they vary in this respect with the elevation
+of the land to be protected by them."</p>
+
+<p>"But I should think the mud and clay would be washed away by the beating
+of the sea."</p>
+
+<p>"So they are sometimes; and to guard against such an event, which is a
+calamity in this country, the dike is covered with a kind of thatch-work
+of willow twigs, which has to be renewed every three or four years.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[Pg 57]</a></span>
+Occasionally the outer surface of the embankment is faced with masonry,
+the stone for which has to be brought from Norway."</p>
+
+<p>"A ship there is coming in," interrupted the pilot, pointing to seaward.</p>
+
+<p>She was several miles distant, standing in under all sail. She was
+examined with the spy-glasses, and every one was rejoiced to learn that
+it was the Young America.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[Pg 58]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_IV" id="CHAPTER_IV"></a>CHAPTER IV.</h2>
+
+<h3>UP THE SCHELDT TO FLUSHING.</h3>
+
+
+<p>"I am very glad to see the ship again," said Paul to Professor Stoute.</p>
+
+<p>"I supposed she would get in before us, we were detained so long by the
+wreck," replied Mr. Stoute.</p>
+
+<p>"Probably she stood off and on during the night, seeking for us," added
+Paul, as he again looked through the spy-glass at the ship. "She seems
+to be sound in all her upper works, so far as I can see."</p>
+
+<p>"I dare say the ship would be safe enough as long as Mr. Lowington and
+Mr. Fluxion are on board of her."</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir; I didn't suppose any harm had come to her; but Mr. Lowington
+will naturally be very anxious about us. He has made us out by this
+time, and is satisfied that we are still on the top of the water. There
+are the steeples of a town," said Paul, pointing to the Walcheren shore.
+"That must be Middleburg."</p>
+
+<p>"This island was inundated in 1808," continued Mr. Stoute, after the
+pilot had assured him that the steeples seen in the interior of the
+island were those of Middleburg. "Though the sea is as diligently
+watched as the advance-guard of an invading army, the great<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[Pg 59]</a></span> dike of
+West Kappel broke through, and a large part of the island was under
+water. Middleburg has its own dikes and ditches, the former constituting
+the wall of the town, upon the top of which there is a public promenade.
+This dike or mound kept the water out of the city after the sea-dike had
+given way. The inundation rose as high as the roofs of the houses in the
+town, but was fortunately kept at bay by the strength of the walls."</p>
+
+<p>"Were you ever in Holland, Mr. Stoute?" asked Paul, with a significant
+smile.</p>
+
+<p>"Never," laughed the professor; "but the schoolmaster must not be abroad
+when boys ask as many questions as the students on board of this vessel.
+As soon as I learned that we were coming to Holland, I read up
+everything I could find relating to the country, and I assure you my
+interest in the country has been doubled by my studies. We have in our
+library quite a collection of works relating more or less directly to
+Holland. The New American Encyclop&aelig;dia contains very full and reliable
+articles on the subject. We have a full list of Murray's Hand-Books,
+which form a library in themselves, and which impart the most minute
+information. Indeed, half the books of travel which are written are
+based upon Murray's invaluable works. Then we have Motley's History of
+the Dutch Republic, and the two volumes of his United Netherlands which
+have been published. My knowledge of Holland and Belgium comes mainly
+from these works."</p>
+
+<p>"I haven't had time to look up these matters yet. I have given
+considerable extra time to my French.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[Pg 60]</a></span> As soon as we are moored, I
+suppose Mr. Mapps will give us his lecture on the country; and I intend
+to make that the basis of my reading."</p>
+
+<p>"Then I will not say anything more about the dikes," laughed Mr. Stoute.
+"You can do the matter up more systematically by your intended course."</p>
+
+<p>"I am very glad to get all I can without the trouble of hunting it up,"
+replied Paul, as he glanced again at the Young America. "I may have more
+time than I want to study up these subjects."</p>
+
+<p>"Why so?"</p>
+
+<p>"I suppose I am to be court-martialed for disobedience as soon as Mr.
+Lowington arrives," replied Paul, fixing his eyes upon the deck. "Mr.
+Hamblin has not spoken to me since I left the class yesterday
+afternoon."</p>
+
+<p>"It is not proper for me to say anything about that to you, Captain
+Kendall," added Mr. Stoute.</p>
+
+<p>"I feel that I have tried to do my duty; and, whatever happens to me, I
+shall endeavor to be satisfied."</p>
+
+<p>Professor Stoute walked away, apparently to avoid any further
+conversation on the disagreeable subject. Paul did not feel quite easy
+about the difficulty which had occurred between him and the dignified
+professor. He had hoped and expected that the storm would justify his
+action in the opinion of the learned gentleman; but Mr. Hamblin
+carefully avoided him, and he was confident he intended to prefer
+charges against him as soon as the principal arrived.</p>
+
+<p>The Josephine was now entering the port of Flushing. The pilot was
+talking with the Dutch skipper very earnestly, and occasionally glancing
+at the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[Pg 61]</a></span> "Wel tevreeden." The latter seemed to be very uneasy, and to
+manifest a great deal of solicitude in regard to his vessel,
+notwithstanding she was safe, though the cargo had been damaged, and she
+had lost her masts and part of her standing rigging.</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Schimmelpennink to you wish to talk," said the pilot, stepping
+up to Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"Who?" exclaimed Paul, almost stunned by the sound of the Dutchman's
+name.</p>
+
+<p>The pilot repeated it, but not much more to the edification of the young
+commander than before.</p>
+
+<p>"I can't talk Dutch," laughed Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"I for you will speak the English," added the Belgian.</p>
+
+<p>This was hardly more encouraging than the Dutch of the disconsolate
+skipper; but Paul consented to the conference.</p>
+
+<p>"The galiot to you belongs for the labor you have to save him,"
+continued the pilot.</p>
+
+<p>With some difficulty, with the assistance of Mr. Stoute, who, however,
+was not familiar with French nautical terms, Paul learned that Captain
+Schimmelpennink was much disturbed about the ultimate disposal of the
+"Wel tevreeden." According to maritime law, recognized by all countries,
+the captain, officers, and crew of the Josephine were entitled to
+salvage for saving the vessel. As, without assistance, it was probable
+that the galiot would have been totally lost, the salvors would be
+entitled to the greater part of the value of the wreck when it should be
+sold. One half, two thirds, or even three fourths, is sometimes awarded
+to those who save a vessel, the proportion depending upon the condition
+of the wreck.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[Pg 62]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>It appeared that the captain of the galiot was much distressed on this
+account. He declared that he was a poor man; that his vessel was all the
+property he had in the world; that one of the men lost overboard in the
+squall was his own brother, and the other his wife's brother; and misery
+had suddenly come upon him in an avalanche. By the exertions of Martyn
+and others from the Josephine, a portion of the sails and standing
+rigging of the galiot had been saved, so that only about one fourth of
+the value of the vessel had been sacrificed by the tempest. But now the
+skipper was in great trouble because two thirds or three fourths of the
+remaining value of his property was to be decreed to the salvors by a
+maritime court.</p>
+
+<p>Paul did not feel that it would be right for him to settle, or even
+discuss, this question, and he referred the skipper to Mr. Lowington,
+assuring him that he was a fair man, and would deal kindly with him. But
+this did not satisfy the unfortunate man. It was bad enough to lose one
+fourth of his property,&mdash;for the vessel was not insured,&mdash;without having
+the greater part of the remainder wrested from him by a court.</p>
+
+<p>"All hands, moor ship, ahoy!" shouted the boatswain, when the schooner
+was approaching one of the great canals of Flushing, or Vlissingen, as
+the Dutch call it.</p>
+
+<p>The anchor was let go, the sails lowered and stowed, and the Josephine
+was once more at rest. The galiot came in, and anchored a cable's length
+from her. Communication between the two vessels was immediately opened,
+and Lieutenant Martyn made his<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[Pg 63]</a></span> report of the voyage since he sailed
+from Thornton's Ridge. No events of any importance had occurred, and his
+story could not be said to be at all sensational.</p>
+
+<p>In less than an hour the Young America ran into the port, and moored
+near the Josephine. The moment her anchor had buried itself in the mud
+of the harbor, her officers and crew were in the rigging, gazing
+earnestly at the consort. It was possible they had noticed the galiot
+under a jury-mast, and in some manner connected her with the Josephine;
+but they could have had no other clew to the exciting incidents which
+had transpired since the two vessels parted company the day before.</p>
+
+<p>"I desire to renew my request for a boat, Captain Kendall," said
+Professor Hamblin, stiffly, the moment the rattling cable of the ship
+was heard.</p>
+
+<p>"Certainly, sir. I shall be very happy to furnish a boat for you,"
+replied Paul, politely. "Mr. Terrill, you will pipe away the first
+cutters for Mr. Hamblin."</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir," replied the first lieutenant, touching his cap. "Boatswain,
+pipe away the first cutters for Mr. Hamblin."</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Terrill, you will pipe away the crew of the gig for me. I will go
+on board of the ship," added the captain.</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir," answered Terrill. "Boatswain's mate, pipe away the gigsmen
+for the captain."</p>
+
+<p>"All the first cutters, on deck, ahoy!" shouted the boatswain.</p>
+
+<p>"All the gigsmen, on deck, ahoy!" piped the boatswain's mate.</p>
+
+<p>Professor Hamblin stamped his foot on deck when<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[Pg 64]</a></span> he heard these orders,
+given almost in the same breath. He did not seem to consider that there
+was anything to be done except to attend to his affair.</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall," said he, walking up to the young commander, with a
+brisk, nervous step, "I wish to see Mr. Lowington alone."</p>
+
+<p>"Certainly, sir; I will not object to your seeing him alone. If I can do
+anything to favor your views, I shall be happy to assist."</p>
+
+<p>"You have ordered your gig, and you said you were going on board the
+ship," added the learned gentleman, his wrath not at all appeased by the
+conciliatory reply of Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"I am, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"Am I to understand that you are going to see the principal in reference
+to my communication with him?" demanded Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir. It is my duty to report any unusual event which occurs in the
+navigation of this vessel," answered Paul, respectfully.</p>
+
+<p>"It is quite proper for you to regard your own disobedience as an
+unusual event," retorted the professor.</p>
+
+<p>"I was not thinking of that, sir. I am quite willing to leave that
+matter with Mr. Lowington, and to abide by his decision. I refer to the
+storm, and the wreck of the Dutch galiot. Those were unusual events."</p>
+
+<p>"It would be more proper, and more respectful to me, for you to defer
+your affairs till after I have seen the principal. This is the Sabbath
+day," added Mr. Hamblin, solemnly. "I do not desire to have this
+controversy opened to-day."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[Pg 65]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Then, sir, I suggest that you defer it until to-morrow," added Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"This is a question of discipline, and admits of no delay. If the
+professors of this vessel are to be disobeyed and insulted, it is not
+proper for me to remain in her another hour."</p>
+
+<p>"Insulted, sir?" exclaimed the young commander, blushing under this
+charge.</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir; insulted, sir!" replied Mr. Hamblin, angrily. "Did you not
+leave the class? That was disobedience, which, under the circumstances,
+perhaps I might have forgiven, if you had not added insult to injury.
+Not contented with your own misconduct, you immediately ordered all
+hands to be called, and every member of my class was taken away."</p>
+
+<p>"As to-day is Sunday, sir, I will not attempt to explain my conduct. I
+am very sorry that any difficulty has occurred; but I think Mr.
+Lowington will understand the matter. Your boat is ready, Mr. Hamblin,"
+added Paul, pointing to the gangway, where the third lieutenant was
+waiting for his passenger.</p>
+
+<p>"Do I understand that you insist upon going on board of the ship
+immediately?" demanded the professor.</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir. It is my duty to report to the principal without delay. There
+is a signal at the peak of the ship now," replied Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"Signal for the captain to report on board of the ship, sir," said the
+signal-officer, touching his cap to his commander.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin went over the side into the first cutter, which pulled away
+towards the ship. The gig<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[Pg 66]</a></span> immediately took her place, and the captain
+stepped into her. The cutter reached the Young America first, and the
+angry professor ran up the ladder with unwonted briskness. The principal
+was standing on the quarter, waiting to see the captain of the
+Josephine, for he was anxious to learn whether she had sustained any
+damage or lost any one overboard in the fierce storm. He knew that
+nothing but the most skilful seamanship could have prevented the decks
+of the schooner from being washed in the tremendous sea that prevailed
+during the hurricane.</p>
+
+<p>To Mr. Lowington every moment of time since the two vessels of the
+squadron parted company the day before had been burdened with the most
+intense solicitude for the fate of the consort and her crew. The fact
+that she had been dilatory in taking in sail, when no one could know at
+what instant the squall would break upon her, had indicated a degree of
+recklessness which increased his anxiety. Mr. Fluxion had been sent to
+the fore cross-trees with a powerful glass early in the morning, and the
+Josephine had been discovered by the ship long before the Young America
+was seen by the pilot.</p>
+
+<p>During the night the ship had cruised off and on in search of her
+consort, but the Josephine had drifted to the southward, and had sailed
+in that direction, after the fury of the tempest had wasted itself, in
+looking for the wreck of the galiot. The report of Mr. Fluxion on the
+cross-trees that she was entering the Hond, relieved the principal's
+anxiety in part; but he was still fearful that some of her crew had been
+washed overboard. As soon as the anchor was let go, he<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[Pg 67]</a></span> had ordered the
+signal for Captain Kendall to be hoisted.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin was the first person from the Josephine who presented
+himself to the principal. There was something in the professor's
+countenance which looked ominous, and Mr. Lowington's fears seemed to be
+confirmed by the unusual solemnity of the learned gentleman's
+expression. Mr. Lowington's heart rose up into his throat; for
+independently of the sorrow which the loss of one or more of the
+Josephine's crew would cause him, he realized that such a calamity would
+be the death-blow to his favorite experiment. The entire charge of her
+had been committed to a boy of sixteen, and he blamed himself severely
+because he had not placed an experienced officer on board of her, who
+might at least act in great emergencies. Though Mr. Cleats was an old
+sailor, he was not a navigator.</p>
+
+<p>The principal was in this state of suffering, bordering upon anguish,
+when the irate professor of Greek and Latin came on board. Mr. Lowington
+tried to think that nothing had happened, but it was impossible. If any
+one had been lost, the Josephine's flag would be at half mast, or some
+other signal would have been made. Mr. Hamblin's face looked like death
+itself, only his brow was contracted, and his lips were compressed as
+though anger and sorrow were combined in his expression.</p>
+
+<p>"What has happened, Mr. Hamblin?" demanded the principal, manifesting
+more emotion than any one on board had ever before observed in his
+manner.</p>
+
+<p>"I am sorry to say, Mr. Lowington, that an unpleasant event has occurred
+on board of the Josephine," the professor began, very solemnly.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[Pg 68]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I feared it," gasped Mr. Lowington. "Who was it?"</p>
+
+<p>"The captain&mdash;"</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall!" groaned Mr. Lowington, striking his bewildered head
+with both hands. "Good Heaven! I am responsible for this!"</p>
+
+<p>"What is the matter, Mr. Lowington?" demanded the astonished professor.</p>
+
+<p>"What did you say about Captain Kendall?" asked the principal, catching
+at the straw which the learned gentleman's question seemed to hold out
+to him.</p>
+
+<p>"I prefer to speak to you alone about it, Mr. Lowington," added the
+professor, glancing at the group of officers and instructors that were
+gathering around him. "I will endeavor to control my emotions in stating
+this unpleasant business."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington, apparently happy to have even a moment's respite from the
+grief and gloom which must follow the sad intelligence of the loss of
+Captain Kendall, led the way to the professors' cabin.</p>
+
+<p>"Now, sir, what is it? Let me know the worst!" exclaimed the principal,
+dropping upon the sofa like a man whose strength had all been taken from
+him. "I have been dreading it for many long and weary hours."</p>
+
+<p>"Dreading it?" repeated the confused professor. "Dreading what, sir?"</p>
+
+<p>"That the Josephine had suffered severely in the storm," replied the
+principal, impatiently. "You have come to tell me that Captain Kendall
+was lost overboard?" And Mr. Lowington heaved a long sigh.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[Pg 69]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"No, sir," protested Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"Didn't you say that a very unpleasant affair had happened on board?"
+demanded the principal, eagerly.</p>
+
+<p>"I did; but it was not the loss of the captain."</p>
+
+<p>"Who was it?" asked Mr. Lowington, catching his breath, in the heaviness
+of his anxiety.</p>
+
+<p>"I really don't understand you, sir," said the learned gentleman,
+astonished and confounded by what he regarded as the singular conduct of
+the principal.</p>
+
+<p>"Has any one been lost overboard from the Josephine?" demanded Mr.
+Lowington, in a loud tone, for he was impatient under the shuffling
+manner of the professor.</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir; no one, that I am aware of."</p>
+
+<p>"That you are aware of!" exclaimed Mr. Lowington, sternly.</p>
+
+<p>"Of course, if any one had been lost, I should have heard of it,"
+answered Mr. Hamblin, who did not quite like the tone of the principal.</p>
+
+<p>"Then the officers and crew are all safe&mdash;are they?"</p>
+
+<p>"They are, sir&mdash;all safe."</p>
+
+<p>"Thank God!" ejaculated Mr. Lowington, heartily, an awfully heavy load
+removed from his mind.</p>
+
+<p>"I have come on board, sir, to make a complaint against the captain of
+the Josephine. This is the unpleasant business which brings me here,"
+added the learned gentleman, decidedly.</p>
+
+<p>"Indeed!"</p>
+
+<p>But even this, disagreeable as it was, came as a relief to the
+overcharged heart of Paul's best friend, who had received a terrible
+shock from the confused state-<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[Pg 70]</a></span>ment of the professor. Yet it was very
+strange that any one should have a complaint to make against Paul
+Kendall, who had always been noble and manly, gentle and conciliating.</p>
+
+<p>"Yesterday, just before the storm came on, Mr. Kendall was reciting with
+the Greek class," continued Mr. Hamblin. "Word came to him that his
+presence was required on deck. He asked my permission to go on deck. As
+I could not see the necessity of his leaving the class before the lesson
+was finished, I refused to give him permission."</p>
+
+<p>"Did he leave then?"</p>
+
+<p>"Not then; but half an hour later another message came to him, and he
+left, contrary to my orders, and contrary to my protest," added the
+professor, waxing indignant as he recounted his wrongs.</p>
+
+<p>"What was the message that came the second time?" asked Mr. Lowington,
+mildly.</p>
+
+<p>"I do not remember precisely what it was&mdash;I am not versed in sea terms;
+but I do remember that Mr. Kendall left the class contrary to my express
+order. Not contented with this, he called all hands, and broke up the
+school, when there was no need of it. Such conduct is utterly subversive
+of school discipline, and&mdash;"</p>
+
+<p>"Excuse me, Mr. Hamblin, but as to-day is Sunday, I must defer hearing
+any more of your complaint until to-morrow," continued Mr. Lowington,
+rising from his chair.</p>
+
+<p>"I desire to have this question settled before I resume my position in
+the Josephine," said the professor, cut by the apparent coolness of the
+principal.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[Pg 71]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I will hear what Captain Kendall has to say about it."</p>
+
+<p>"Sir," exclaimed the learned gentleman, "am I to understand that you are
+not satisfied with the truth of my statement?"</p>
+
+<p>"By no means. I wish to hear from Captain Kendall his excuse for leaving
+the class. I am not able to determine whether it was satisfactory."</p>
+
+<p>"I have already determined that question myself. I think I observed to
+you that there was not a sufficient excuse for his leaving the class."</p>
+
+<p>"I will defer the discussion of the matter till to-morrow," replied Mr.
+Lowington.</p>
+
+<p>"I do not object to the delay, sir; but I do object to having any of the
+statements of the pupil counterbalance those I have made."</p>
+
+<p>"Do you wish me to condemn him without a hearing?"</p>
+
+<p>"I do not wish you to condemn him at all. I simply ask to be sustained
+in the discharge of my duty as a teacher."</p>
+
+<p>"I will hear what more you have to say to-morrow, Mr. Hamblin."</p>
+
+<p>"Very well, sir; but you must allow me to remain on board of the ship
+until to-morrow, for I cannot return to the Josephine till this
+unpleasant matter has been adjusted."</p>
+
+<p>"As you please," replied the principal, as he hastened on deck, where a
+cheer, half suppressed in deference to the day, had a few moments before
+been heard.</p>
+
+<p>As Paul came down from the rail of the ship, he<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[Pg 72]</a></span> was greeted with
+applause; for, without knowing what had occurred after they lost sight
+of the consort, the students in the ship realized that Paul had taken
+his vessel safely through the storm. He bowed and blushed at this
+demonstration, and hastened to meet Mr. Lowington, who was just coming
+up from his interview with the professor. He had purposely delayed his
+passage to the ship, in order to afford Mr. Hamblin time to make his
+charges. It was plain that he had done so now, and Paul was not a little
+anxious for the result.</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall, I am very glad to see you," said Mr. Lowington,
+warmly, as he extended his hand to the young commander.</p>
+
+<p>"Thank you, sir; I am just as glad to see you," replied Paul, taking the
+proffered hand, and concluding that the professor had not materially
+prejudiced the principal against him.</p>
+
+<p>"I have been very anxious about you, Captain Kendall," added Mr.
+Lowington. "I have imagined that all sorts of terrible things had
+happened to you and the Josephine. Is all well on board?"</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir; but we are all very tired. We were up all night, and the crew
+had to work very hard."</p>
+
+<p>"All night?"</p>
+
+<p>"We went to the assistance of that galiot, sir. We saved four persons,
+and brought the vessel in, as you see her now. She was knocked down in
+the squall, and lost two men. We found her on her beam-ends."</p>
+
+<p>"Indeed, Captain Kendall, you have had your hands full," replied Mr.
+Lowington, pleased with the gallant conduct of his young friend.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[Pg 73]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"The captain of the galiot,&mdash;he has a name as long as the main
+royal-mast backstay, and I can't remember it,&mdash;the captain is on board
+of the Josephine, and wishes to see you very much. I referred the whole
+matter to you, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"I will see him at once."</p>
+
+<p>"He don't speak a word of English&mdash;only Dutch."</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Fluxion speaks Dutch, and he shall go with me. I will return with
+you in your boat," added the principal.</p>
+
+<p>The professor of mathematics was called, and they embarked in the
+Josephine's gig. On the way Paul briefly detailed the events which had
+occurred since the squall came on, explaining the means by which the
+shipwrecked party had been saved, and the vessel righted. He generously
+bestowed great praise upon his officers and crew for their zealous
+efforts both in working the Josephine, and in saving the galiot and her
+crew.</p>
+
+<p>"I have been worried about you, Captain Kendall. You did not seem to be
+as prudent as usual when the storm was threatening. Ten minutes before
+the squall came up you had every rag of canvas set, including your fore
+square-sail. You ought to have reduced sail half an hour sooner,
+especially as there was no wind, and not a sail was drawing. You should
+have taken your precautions sooner, for you can't tell the precise
+moment when a hurricane will burst upon you. All light sails and all
+extra ones should be taken in when there is a possibility of a squall."</p>
+
+<p>"I was attending the Greek class," replied Paul; but he resolved to make
+no allusion to the difficulty between Mr. Hamblin and himself.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[Pg 74]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Paul's reply gave the principal an idea of the occasion of the
+unpleasantness, but he refrained from any further remark on the subject.</p>
+
+<p>"The Dutch captain is much troubled about the salvage on his vessel, for
+the Belgian pilot told him the Josephine would be entitled to two thirds
+or three fourths of the property saved," continued Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"Salvage!" said the principal, with a smile. "Well, I suppose you are
+entitled to it."</p>
+
+<p>"I hope you will give the Dutchman the vessel and cargo. He feels very
+badly. He has lost a brother and a brother-in-law, and now he is afraid
+of losing nearly all that was saved. I hope you will not take any
+salvage. I am sure the Josephines would all vote to have you make no
+claim for it."</p>
+
+<p>"Excellent! I hope they will," replied the principal, as he ascended to
+the schooner's deck, followed by Mr. Fluxion and Paul.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[Pg 75]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_V" id="CHAPTER_V"></a>CHAPTER V.</h2>
+
+<h3>CAPTAIN SCHIMMELPENNINK.</h3>
+
+
+<p>At the request of the principal, Mr. Fluxion acted as interpreter in the
+conversation with the Dutch skipper. The unfortunate man stated his
+case, and bewailed the heavy loss to which he had been subjected by the
+tempest.</p>
+
+<p>"Call all hands, if you please, Captain Kendall," said Mr. Lowington,
+when he had heard the statement as translated by Mr. Fluxion.</p>
+
+<p>Paul gave the required order, and in a few moments the crew were at
+quarters. The principal took his place on the main hatch, and all the
+Josephines waited with interest to hear what he had to say.</p>
+
+<p>"Young gentlemen, since we parted company in the squall yesterday, I
+have suffered a great deal of anxiety on your account. The ship ran off
+before the gale, while the Josephine lay to. If you had not sailed to
+the southward after the tempest, we should not have lost sight of you
+for more than a few hours. I acknowledge that I reproached myself
+severely for intrusting the vessel to the sole care of students. But I
+find that she has been as well handled as though she had been under
+command of an old and experienced man. I wish to say to you that Captain
+Kendall has acquitted<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[Pg 76]</a></span> himself remarkably well in the emergency. Though
+he did not take in his light sails quite as soon as he should,
+everything else was done with the skill and prudence of a veteran."</p>
+
+<p>At this point the students on board, who knew very well why Paul had not
+taken in the light sails sooner, looked at one another and smiled
+significantly. The difficulty between the professor and the captain had
+been fully discussed among them, and it hardly need be said that Paul
+was fully justified by his shipmates.</p>
+
+<p>"I want to add," continued the principal, "that the conduct of Captain
+Kendall&mdash;with the exception I have mentioned&mdash;is fully and cordially
+approved. I must say that his behavior, his skill and energy, seem fully
+to justify the experiment undertaken in the Josephine. Your commander
+has made a full report of the vessel, and it gives me great pleasure to
+say that he awards the highest praise to his officers and crew for their
+zeal and fidelity. He informs me that officers and seamen labored with
+untiring energy to rescue the unfortunate persons on board of the
+galiot, and also to save the vessel itself. These efforts have been
+entirely successful.</p>
+
+<p>"It is at all times the duty of the seaman to save life and property on
+the high seas. No one knows how soon we may need the kind offices of
+brother sailors of any nation; and what we expect to receive from others
+we should at all times be prepared to render to them. You have done
+nobly. I congratulate you upon your success; and I thank you for the
+zeal with which you have discharged your several duties. Nothing so much
+as the dependence of one seaman<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[Pg 77]</a></span> upon another, in the hour of shipwreck
+and disaster, unites the seamen of all nations in one fraternity. Young
+gentlemen, you have done something for your ship, and something for your
+country; for every true American feels proud and happy when he learns
+that an American vessel has saved even a single shipwrecked mariner. I
+am sure your friends will be proud of you when they read your record for
+the last twenty-four hours.</p>
+
+<p>"According to maritime law, young gentlemen, you are entitled to salvage
+upon the vessel you have saved. Under ordinary circumstances, you would
+be justified in claiming from one half to three fourths of the value of
+this vessel. The galiot, I am informed, was not insured. The value of
+the vessel and cargo is perhaps four or five thousand dollars. I have no
+doubt the court would give you what would amount to two or three
+thousand dollars, at least; for without assistance the vessel would
+probably have been a total loss.</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Schimmelpennink, I am told, is the sole owner of the 'Wel
+tevreeden.' He and his family lived on board of her. It was their only
+home, and she was their only worldly possession. At an expense of a few
+hundred dollars, he can restore her to her original condition. If sold
+in her present state, she would not bring half her actual value.
+Deducting the salvage from this amount, the unfortunate captain would
+lose at least three fourths of his property, the accumulation of his
+lifetime."</p>
+
+<p>"We'll no rob the poor mon," interposed McLeish, the Scotch boy, who was
+now on his good behavior.</p>
+
+<p>"It will be no robbery, McLeish. You would take<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[Pg 78]</a></span> but your just dues,"
+replied the principal, with a smile.</p>
+
+<p>"We'll no tak it," added McLeish.</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir!" "No, sir!" "No, sir!" responded the students in every
+direction.</p>
+
+<p>"Not a dollar of it, sir!" said Paul, warmly.</p>
+
+<p>"Thank you, young gentlemen," continued Mr. Lowington, whose face
+indicated the pleasure he felt. "You have voluntarily suggested what I
+was about to propose to you. To-day is Sunday, and your conduct is
+worthy of the day. I should not have mentioned the matter until
+to-morrow, if I had not desired to relieve the unfortunate captain from
+his anxiety and suspense. Your conduct will gladden his heart. We will
+take a vote on this question, that there may be no mistake in regard to
+your intentions. Those in favor of abandoning the claim for salvage will
+signify it by raising the right hand."</p>
+
+<p>Every hand was raised, and most of the boys added an emphatic "Ay!" to
+the hand vote.</p>
+
+<p>"All up!" shouted the students, looking around them to find any one who
+was behind the others in this benevolent deed.</p>
+
+<p>"Every one," replied Mr. Lowington, smiling. "Mr. Fluxion, I will thank
+you to communicate to the master of the galiot the action of the ship's
+company."</p>
+
+<p>The Dutchman stood watching the proceedings of the party with a look of
+sad bewilderment. His wife and daughter were near him, as sad and
+confused as himself. The boys looked at him with interest as the
+professor of mathematics explained to him what had<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[Pg 79]</a></span> taken place. The
+expression which lighted up his face, as he comprehended the action of
+the students, was an ample reward for their generous conduct.</p>
+
+<p>"Tell him he may take possession of his vessel as soon as he pleases,"
+added the principal.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Fluxion communicated this permission to the skipper; and when he
+heard it he cast a longing glance at the "Wel tevreeden," which he
+seemed to regard in the same light as his wife and daughter.</p>
+
+<p>"How much will it cost to repair the galiot?" asked one of the students,
+stepping forward from a group which had been whispering together for a
+moment very earnestly.</p>
+
+<p>"I do not know the price of materials in Holland," replied Mr.
+Lowington. "Perhaps the captain and the pilot may be able to give you
+some information on this subject."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Fluxion, the pilot, and the master of the galiot consulted together
+for some time. The jib and foresail, and a portion of the standing and
+running rigging, had been saved, and the Belgian and the Dutchman made a
+computation of the cost of labor and material.</p>
+
+<p>"About twelve hundred guilders," said Mr. Lowington, after Mr. Fluxion
+had reported the result of the conference.</p>
+
+<p>"How much is that, sir?" asked one of the boys, blankly.</p>
+
+<p>"One hundred pounds, English," said Paul, who had already studied up
+Dutch currency. "About five hundred dollars."</p>
+
+<p>"I move you, sir, that a subscription paper be opened to raise the money
+to repair the galiot," said Lynch.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[Pg 80]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Second the motion," added Groesbeck.</p>
+
+<p>"Young gentlemen, I think you have done all that could be expected of
+you," said Mr. Lowington. "I do not mean to represent to you that
+Captain Schimmelpennink is an object of charity, though I am informed
+that he has not the means of paying for these repairs. But, since you
+desire it, I will put the matter to vote."</p>
+
+<p>The motion was carried unanimously, as the one remitting the claim for
+salvage had been. The principal suggested that it was proper to appoint
+a committee to attend to the subscriptions; and Terrill, Pelham, and
+Lynch were appointed to perform this duty. Nothing was said to the
+skipper of the galiot about this proposition; and Mr. Lowington having
+warmly commended the students for their generous sympathy with the
+unfortunate man, the crew were dismissed.</p>
+
+<p>A boat was sent to the "Wel tevreeden" with the captain and his party.
+The subscription paper was immediately opened. Terrill took the paper to
+Mr. Lowington first, who headed it with sixty guilders. The principal
+and the students seemed to make their financial calculations in English
+money, on the basis of twelve guilders to the pound. Mr. Fluxion put
+down twenty-four guilders, and the students twelve guilders each; for no
+one was willing to be behind the others.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington returned to the ship; and when dinner was over, most of
+the Josephines turned in, for there was a fearful gaping on board as
+soon as the excitement had subsided. Hardly any of the crew<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[Pg 81]</a></span> had closed
+their eyes during the preceding night, and all of them were very tired.</p>
+
+<p>At five o'clock, the white flag containing a blue cross, which is the
+signal for divine service, appeared on the Young America. The service
+had been postponed, to enable the Josephines to obtain a little needed
+rest: it was never dispensed with except at sea, in very heavy weather.
+Though the religious exercises were made unusually impressive by Mr.
+Agneau, after the storm and the wreck, it must be confessed that some of
+the consort's company went to sleep during the hour; but they were
+forgiven, even by the chaplain, when their zealous labors to save life
+and property were considered.</p>
+
+<p>For some reason of his own, Mr. Lowington invited the Dutch skipper and
+his family to attend the service, and a boat was sent for the party.
+They came on board, and were regarded with deep interest by the crew,
+though doubtless they were not much edified by the exercises, as they
+knew not a word of English.</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall," said the first lieutenant of the schooner, when they
+returned to their cabin, "I think I have money enough to build a new
+galiot for Captain Schumblefungus, or whatever his name is. I don't
+wonder that a man with such a name as that should be cast away,
+especially if the mate had to speak it before he let go the halyards."</p>
+
+<p>"How much have you?" asked Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"I don't know," replied Terrill, producing a whole bundle of money
+orders, with which the students had paid their subscriptions. "Mr.
+Lowington made a speech to the Young Americans after he returned on<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">[Pg 82]</a></span>
+board. He told them what we had done, and what we intended to do. The
+fellows in the ship wanted to have a finger in the pie; and I believe
+every one of them has put down his twelve guilders."</p>
+
+<p>"I am very glad to hear that; for I pitied the Dutch captain from the
+bottom of my heart," added Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"All the professors gave twelve guilders, except old Hamblin&mdash;"</p>
+
+<p>"Professor Hamblin," interposed Paul, gently rebuking his friend for
+using that disrespectful appellative.</p>
+
+<p>"Professor Hamblin; but I have no respect for him, and I can't always
+help speaking what I think. He is a solemn old lunatic, as grouty as a
+crab that has got aground."</p>
+
+<p>"We will not speak of him," said Paul, mildly.</p>
+
+<p>"Well, they all subscribed except him; and I'm sure I've got more than
+twelve hundred guilders. Why, even the cooks and stewards gave
+something."</p>
+
+<p>"I'm glad you have been so fortunate."</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Spunkenfungle's eyes will stick out a foot or two when he hears
+what we have done for him."</p>
+
+<p>"And I'm sure we shall be as happy as he; for such gifts, you know, are
+twice blessed."</p>
+
+<p>The sums on the subscription papers were added up by Terrill and Pelham.</p>
+
+<p>"Sixteen hundred and fifty-four guilders!" exclaimed the former, when
+the result had been reached.</p>
+
+<p>"Four hundred and fifty-four guilders more than the sum required," added
+Paul, delighted by the intelligence.</p>
+
+<p>"Shall we give it all to the skipper?" asked Pelham.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[Pg 83]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I don't know. We will leave that to Mr. Lowington," replied Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"I don't think we ought to give him any more than enough to make up his
+loss. That would tempt him to wreck his galiot again, if there was an
+American flag in sight," said Terrill.</p>
+
+<p>"I see no reason why he should be left any better off than before the
+disaster," continued the captain. "We can keep the money as a charity
+fund; and I have no doubt we shall soon find a chance to make good use
+of it."</p>
+
+<p>The embarrassment of having a surplus was better than that of a
+deficiency would have been, and the sleepy officers of the Josephine
+were not likely to be kept awake by it. All hands turned in at an
+earlier hour than usual. The anchor watch were as sleepy as the others;
+but the discipline of the vessel was rigidly adhered to, for the
+principal did not believe in neglecting any necessary precaution simply
+because the crew were tired. As seamen, the students were taught to
+realize that fatigue and want of sleep on shipboard would not justify
+any disregard of their regular routine duty.</p>
+
+<p>In the morning everything went on as usual. It had not been the
+intention of Mr. Lowington to put into Flushing, and no one was allowed
+to go on shore. The wind was fortunately fresh from the westward; the
+pilots were still on board; and the signal for sailing was hoisted on
+board of the Young America. Just before the squadron weighed anchor, Mr.
+Fluxion went on board of the galiot, and informed the skipper that all
+the expenses of the repairs of his vessel would<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[Pg 84]</a></span> be paid by the students
+of the institution. The professor reported that the poor man was beside
+himself with joy when he received this intelligence. He expressed his
+gratitude in extravagant terms, which had no English equivalents. Mr.
+Fluxion gave him eighty pounds in gold, and promised to see him again
+before the repairs were completed.</p>
+
+<p>Orders to weigh anchor were given, and the two vessels stood out of the
+port of Flushing into the broad river. At Paul's invitation, Dr.
+Winstock came on board for the passage up the river. Mr. Hamblin still
+remained a guest of the ship, and the surgeon volunteered to take his
+place, though he acknowledged that his Greek roots were little better
+than decayed stumps in his memory.</p>
+
+<p>There is nothing picturesque on the Scheldt; and it was no great
+hardship for the students to be compelled to attend to their lessons in
+the steerage half the time during the trip. The country is very
+low&mdash;some of it below the level of the sea; and there was little to be
+seen on shore, though the students on deck found enough to interest
+them.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin was the only unhappy person in the squadron, even the
+Knights of the Red Cross finding enough in this new and strange land to
+occupy their time without plotting mischief. The learned gentleman did
+not like the way in which the principal appeared to be "sustaining" him.
+Mr. Lowington had called the crew together, and told them what the
+Josephines had done, praising them in what seemed to the professor to be
+the most extravagant language. He did not like it: it was hardly less
+than an insult to<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[Pg 85]</a></span> commend the student against whom he had preferred
+charges of disobedience and insubordination.</p>
+
+<p>He was vexed that no notice was taken of his complaints&mdash;that the matter
+had been deferred a single hour. In his opinion, Captain Kendall should
+have been promptly suspended. The moral effect of such a course would
+have been grand. Mr. Hamblin had spoken; and he felt that he had spoken.
+If he was not sustained, he could not return to the Josephine. He had
+spoken; and it was the principal's place to speak next.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington did not speak. He was busy all the morning; and when the
+vessels sailed, not a word had been said in allusion to the topic which,
+in Mr. Hamblin's estimation, overshadowed all others. If the principal
+did not think of it all the time, he ought to do so; for the academic
+branch of the institution would be a failure if discipline was not
+enforced. The ship stood on her way before the fresh westerly breeze,
+and still Mr. Lowington did not mention the matter. The professor waited
+till he felt he was utterly ignored, and was sacrificing his dignity
+every moment that he permitted the question to remain unsettled.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Lowington," said he at last, with a mighty effort,&mdash;for it was the
+principal's duty to speak first,&mdash;"I made a complaint to you yesterday.
+Thus far no notice whatever seems to have been taken of it."</p>
+
+<p>"Perhaps the longer we wait the easier it will be to settle the
+question," replied Mr. Lowington, pleasantly, though he dreaded the
+discussion that must ensue.</p>
+
+<p>"If I am not to be sustained in the discharge of my<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">[Pg 86]</a></span> duties, it is
+useless for me to attempt to perform them to your satisfaction or my
+own."</p>
+
+<p>"You shall be sustained in the discharge of your duties, Mr. Hamblin.
+But we will discuss this matter in the cabin, if you please," added the
+principal, as he led the way below.</p>
+
+<p>"Unless an instructor is sustained, of course he can do nothing," said
+the professor, as he seated himself in the cabin.</p>
+
+<p>"Certainly not. I will hear your complaint now, Mr. Hamblin," replied
+the principal.</p>
+
+<p>The learned gentleman stated his grievance in about the same terms as on
+the day before.</p>
+
+<p>"You say that a message was sent down to the captain. Do you know what
+that message was?" asked the principal.</p>
+
+<p>"I do not remember it precisely. It was something about a squall."</p>
+
+<p>"Very likely it was," answered Mr. Lowington, dryly. "There was a squall
+coming up at the time&mdash;was there not?"</p>
+
+<p>"I knew there was a shower coming up."</p>
+
+<p>"You declined to let him go on deck?"</p>
+
+<p>"I did, sir. The recitation in Greek was not half finished," replied the
+professor, who deemed this a sufficient reason for declining.</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall did not go on deck when the first message was sent
+down?"</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir; we continued the recitation for half an hour longer without
+interruption. Then the messenger came again. I told Mr. Kendall not to
+leave the class; but, in direct opposition to my order, he went<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">[Pg 87]</a></span> on
+deck. Not satisfied with this, though he knew that half the students
+were engaged in the recitations, he ordered all hands to be called. Of
+course the students were glad enough to get away from their lessons; and
+all of them stampeded from the steerage, in spite of my protest, and
+without even a word of apology."</p>
+
+<p>"Did they?" added Mr. Lowington, with difficulty avoiding the disrespect
+of laughing in the face of the learned gentleman.</p>
+
+<p>"They did; and it must be as clear to you as it is to me, that such
+conduct is utterly subversive of anything like good discipline."</p>
+
+<p>"May I ask what punishment you propose as suitable for such an offence
+as that of Captain Kendall?"</p>
+
+<p>"I am perfectly willing to leave that matter to you, sir; but I should
+think that simple suspension from his office would be sufficient,
+considering the position of Mr. Kendall."</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Hamblin, it is your misfortune, not your fault, that you were
+brought up on shore instead of at sea," added the principal. "You have
+made a very great mistake, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"I, sir!" exclaimed the learned gentleman, springing up from his seat as
+though such an event as that indicated by Mr. Lowington had never
+occurred in his life.</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall also made a mistake," continued the principal.</p>
+
+<p>"He did indeed, sir. It is always a very great mistake to disobey one's
+teacher."</p>
+
+<p>"I do not mean that."</p>
+
+<p>"May I ask what you do mean, sir?"<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">[Pg 88]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"His mistake was in not going on deck when the messenger sent to him by
+the officer of the deck reported that a squall was coming up."</p>
+
+<p>"But I refused the permission," said the professor, warmly.</p>
+
+<p>"Then he should have gone without your permission," added Mr. Lowington,
+decidedly.</p>
+
+<p>"Am I to understand, sir, that you counsel disobedience among the boys
+on the Josephine?"</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir; I counsel obedience to the laws of God and man, and to the
+orders of one's superior. Mr. Hamblin, is it possible that you could not
+understand the circumstances of that occasion?" continued the principal.
+"A squall was coming up, and you desired to detain the captain of your
+vessel in the steerage!"</p>
+
+<p>"But half the crew were on deck. I am told that Mr. Terrill is a
+competent seaman. He knew enough to take down the sails, if necessary."</p>
+
+<p>"Such a course would have been without a precedent, and in violation of
+one of the rules of the ship."</p>
+
+<p>"Did you not tell me that all the students, including the captain,&mdash;you
+mentioned him especially,&mdash;were subject to the orders of the professors
+in school hours?"</p>
+
+<p>"I certainly did; but if I had supposed that there was an instructor in
+either vessel so utterly wanting in discretion, I should have qualified
+the statement. Captain Kendall is in command of the Josephine. He is
+responsible for the safety of the vessel and for the lives of those on
+board."</p>
+
+<p>"He might have sent up word to take down the sails," growled Mr.
+Hamblin, disgusted beyond measure at the decision of the principal.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[Pg 89]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Did any one ever hear of a captain working his vessel while in the
+steerage?" retorted Mr. Lowington, impatiently, as he took a pen and
+wrote a few lines on a sheet of paper. "Was Captain Kendall respectful
+to you?"</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"What did he say that was disrespectful?"</p>
+
+<p>"Disobedience is always disrespectful. He used no disrespectful words."</p>
+
+<p>"I did not suppose he did. In a word, if Captain Kendall had gone on
+deck when the first messenger went to him, I should have justified and
+sustained him. I will go a step farther: he ought to have done so."</p>
+
+<p>"Then I am to understand that I am a mere cipher on board of the
+Josephine," demanded Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"You are to understand, sir, that the first duty of the captain of a
+ship is to his vessel and to those on board of her. Why, sir, I thought
+the young gentleman was insane, and I was intensely anxious, when I saw
+his vessel with all her light sails on while a squall, so clearly
+indicated as that of Saturday, was impending. I blamed him very much.
+The squall was as likely to come half an hour sooner as when it did
+come. If it had struck her with all sail set, it would have taken the
+masts out of her&mdash;perhaps foundered her. If several of the students had
+been lost, what satisfaction would it be to me or their friends to know
+that the disaster occurred because the professor of Greek refused to let
+the captain go on deck!"</p>
+
+<p>"Perhaps I was wrong, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Perhaps</i> you were! If you do not know that you<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">[Pg 90]</a></span> were, you are not fit
+for the position to which I assigned you."</p>
+
+<p>"I see that you fully sustain Mr. Kendall," groaned the professor.</p>
+
+<p>"I only blame him because he did not disobey you the first time instead
+of the second."</p>
+
+<p>"Was it necessary for him to call all hands?" demanded Mr. Hamblin,
+triumphantly.</p>
+
+<p>"It was emphatically necessary! If he had gone on deck when the first
+message reached him, it might not have been necessary, though I should
+have sustained him in doing so; for the safest side is always the best
+side. May I ask you to read this order?" added the principal, as he
+handed the sheet upon which he had written to the learned professor.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin read the order aloud.</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>Captain Kendall is hereby authorized and directed to leave any
+class in which he may be engaged, whenever, in his own judgment,
+the management of his vessel requires him to do so. The instructors
+in the consort are requested to respect this order.</p>
+
+<p class="author">
+<span class="smcap">R. Lowington.</span><br />
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>Professor Hamblin dropped the paper, took off his spectacles, looked on
+the floor a moment, and seemed to feel that the nautical academy was not
+the paradise of schoolmasters.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Lowington, I feel obliged to tender my resignation of the position
+I occupy," said the learned gentleman, haughtily.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">[Pg 91]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Very well, sir. Though the want of an instructor in your department
+will be a serious inconvenience to me, I shall accept your resignation
+if you are not willing to respect this order," replied the principal.</p>
+
+<p>That ended the conference, and Paul was sustained.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">[Pg 92]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_VI" id="CHAPTER_VI"></a>CHAPTER VI.</h2>
+
+<h3>PROFESSOR HAMBLIN CHANGES HIS MIND.</h3>
+
+
+<p>Professor Hamblin went on deck, walked up and down, and made himself as
+miserable as possible. He was the senior instructor of the Josephine,
+and was the superintendent of her academic department. He had been a
+schoolmaster or a professor for forty years, and was fully steeped in
+the dogmatism of the pedagogue. He was disposed to be overbearing and
+tyrannical, though perhaps his profession, rather than his nature, had
+implanted this tendency in his character. Certainly the almost absolute
+sway of the schoolmaster encourages such an unfortunate development of
+the lower faculties of human nature.</p>
+
+<p>It is necessary that the parent or the teacher should have this absolute
+sway. Practically, his will is law, and the child has no alternative but
+to rebel or obey. The limit to his authority is only placed on the line
+where tyranny ends and actual abuse begins. It is true that public
+opinion has its influence upon the teacher or parent; but there is room
+for much petty oppression before the limit of endurance is reached. A
+man may be an efficient teacher, and produce splendid intellectual
+results, while he is a tyrant and<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_93" id="Page_93">[Pg 93]</a></span> an oppressor; indeed, his tyranny and
+oppression may be the very means by which his success is accomplished.</p>
+
+<p>The rights of the pupil are not recognized by such men. The scholar is
+regarded as a machine, rather than an immortal soul. Though Mr. Hamblin
+was a very pious man, in his own way, and was very careful in his
+observance of all the forms of law and tradition, he was a tyrant at
+heart. He ruled with an iron will, and willingly suffered no one in the
+school-room to hold an opinion different from his own. He was not
+popular in the Josephine; he had never been a popular teacher anywhere,
+though he had been a successful one, so far as intellectual results were
+concerned. His success seemed to justify him, and certainly it added to
+the strength of his tyrannical will.</p>
+
+<p>The good schoolmaster recognizes and respects the rights of the scholar.
+While he is an unflinching disciplinarian, expecting an unquestioning
+obedience, he does not believe in his own infallibility. He is kind and
+considerate, and regards his pupil as an embryo man, "endowed with
+certain inalienable rights," which none may trample upon with impunity.
+He is both just and merciful, his heart being filled with love to God
+and love to man.</p>
+
+<p>Such was not Mr. Hamblin. The greatest sin of a student was to have a
+will of his own. He had not the power or the inclination to harmonize
+that will with the requirements of duty, and he broke it down, not by
+coarse abuse, but by making the pupil so uncomfortable that a total
+submission was better than<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_94" id="Page_94">[Pg 94]</a></span> a reasonable independence. In mild-tempered
+boys, like Paul Kendall, the task was an easy one, when no principle was
+at stake.</p>
+
+<p>The professor walked up and down the deck, brooding over his grievances.
+He could not afford to abandon his situation on the one hand, and it
+seemed impossible to acknowledge that he was wholly wrong on the other
+hand. When he had thoroughly cooled off, he was willing to own that it
+was necessary for the captain to go on deck, and that if he had
+comprehended the situation he should have given him permission to do so.
+But he knew nothing about the management of a vessel. How should a
+professor of Greek and Latin be expected to understand a matter which
+even the most ignorant could comprehend, and of which even a boy of
+sixteen had made himself master? Boys could play base-ball, but he did
+not know how; and it seemed just as much beneath his dignity to be
+familiar with practical navigation.</p>
+
+<p>He was sorry now that he had not given Captain Kendall permission to go
+on deck; for it was impossible to refute the arguments of the principal;
+but at the same time he had not overstepped the duties of his office. He
+had been informed that all the students, even to the captain, were
+subject to his will and pleasure during school hours, and therefore he
+had a perfect right to detain the captain. It was not his fault that a
+blunder had been made; he had not made it.</p>
+
+<p>The order which Mr. Lowington had shown him would remedy the difficulty
+in future, and prevent its repetition; but if that order was
+promulgated, it would assure the pupils that Captain Kendall had<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_95" id="Page_95">[Pg 95]</a></span> been
+fully sustained, and that the professor had not been sustained. Mr.
+Hamblin shuddered at the thought; for justifying a student at the
+expense of the instructor was an enormity which he could not
+countenance. The captain's will would remain unbroken, and the professor
+would occupy a secondary position on board of the Josephine.</p>
+
+<p>The learned gentleman walked the deck hour after hour, endeavoring to
+devise a plan by which he could return to his position without the
+sacrifice of any portion of his dignity. Mr. Lowington, in saying that
+the professor's resignation would be a serious inconvenience to him, had
+left the door open for him to revise his final action. The squadron was
+eventually to visit Greece and other classic lands, and he was very
+anxious to continue his travels, not only without expense to himself,
+but while in the receipt of a handsome salary. Such an opportunity to
+see Europe could never again be presented to him, and he was not willing
+to sacrifice it.</p>
+
+<p>Professor Hamblin was becoming more reasonable; but there was the
+untamed will of Captain Kendall, an unconquered fortress, in his path.
+Perhaps Mr. Lowington, now that the excitement of the first interview
+had subsided, might help him out of the embarrassing dilemma, though his
+decided manner was not very encouraging. The professor determined to
+have another interview, and as soon as he saw the principal alone he
+opened the subject again.</p>
+
+<p>"What you said about my resignation, Mr. Lowington, gives me some
+uneasiness. It is not my wish to subject you to any inconvenience by
+leaving you, in<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_96" id="Page_96">[Pg 96]</a></span> a foreign land, where much delay must necessarily ensue
+before you can obtain a suitable person to fill my place," said he, in a
+tone of embarrassment.</p>
+
+<p>"It would disturb my plans very much; but I cannot endanger the vessel
+and the lives of those on board of her. The position of Captain Kendall
+is anomalous, you will perceive."</p>
+
+<p>"I am quite willing now to say that if I had understood the situation, I
+should have permitted Mr. Kendall to leave the class."</p>
+
+<p>"And I am quite willing to say that your services as an instructor are
+entirely satisfactory to me," added the principal, with a smile.</p>
+
+<p>They were more satisfactory to him than they were to the students of the
+Josephine.</p>
+
+<p>"Then we seem to be in full accord with each other on these points,"
+replied the professor, hopefully. "I trust some arrangement may be made
+to reconcile the differences of opinion on the question of discipline.
+You do not sustain me, Mr. Lowington."</p>
+
+<p>"I cannot, sir. If I did, I should expect the Josephine to go to the
+bottom with all on board, in the first gale of wind she encounters,
+should Captain Kendall happen to be reciting his Greek at the time."</p>
+
+<p>"I think I understand the matter better now, and in a similar emergency
+I should permit him to leave the class."</p>
+
+<p>"In matters of seamanship and navigation, I have more confidence in the
+judgment of Captain Kendall than in yours. He must be absolute in his
+position as captain of the vessel."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_97" id="Page_97">[Pg 97]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Of course, sir; and in the composition of a soup doubtless you would
+have more confidence in the judgment of your cook than in mine," added
+the professor, cynically; for, intellectually, the cook and the captain
+appeared to be on the same level to him; and as a professor of Greek, he
+did not regard it as any more derogatory to his dignity not to know
+anything of the principles of seamanship than to be ignorant of the art
+of making a soup.</p>
+
+<p>"The order which I have written, and which I shall transmit to Captain
+Kendall as soon as the squadron comes to anchor, will set the matter
+right," said Mr. Lowington.</p>
+
+<p>"Do you insist on issuing that order?" asked Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"I do."</p>
+
+<p>"Let me say that Mr. Stoute did not indorse my course, and that in
+future I will give Mr. Kendall permission to leave the class whenever he
+desires to do so."</p>
+
+<p>"That is very well, sir; but, under the circumstances, I cannot permit
+the captain to be embarrassed even by the necessity of asking
+permission. If, by any diffidence on his part, he should delay asking
+leave to go on deck, serious mishaps might occur."</p>
+
+<p>"Then I am to be subject to the will of that boy?" said the professor,
+disgusted at the thought.</p>
+
+<p>"Not unless you are connected with the sailing department of the vessel.
+You are simply prevented from exercising your will over him, to the
+detriment of his duties as a navigator."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_98" id="Page_98">[Pg 98]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"In this light the case looks different to me," added the professor, who
+was laboring to recede from his position as gracefully as possible. "I
+am willing to permit the captain to have his own will in all matters
+pertaining to the management of the vessel, as I am to allow the cook
+entire freedom in making his soup."</p>
+
+<p>"Then nothing more need be said, and you can resume your position on
+board of the Josephine at once."</p>
+
+<p>"I am not entirely satisfied about that order, Mr. Lowington," added Mr.
+Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"Why not?"</p>
+
+<p>"Because that sustains Mr. Kendall and condemns me in a public and
+formal manner."</p>
+
+<p>"That is precisely what I intend to do."</p>
+
+<p>"It amounts to sacrificing me, by placing me in a derogatory position. I
+have not transcended the power given me, and it is not right that I
+should be formally condemned."</p>
+
+<p>"The order passes no judgment upon the past; it relates to the future
+only. Captain Kendall must understand that he has full liberty to go
+when and where he pleases, in the discharge of his duty. I am confident
+he will not abuse this liberty."</p>
+
+<p>"But I am to stand before him in this business as a whipped puppy.
+Couldn't you give him the order verbally, and explain my position to
+him?"</p>
+
+<p>"What is your position?" demanded the principal, with a smile.</p>
+
+<p>"I mean simply that in detaining him I erred through a want of knowledge
+of seamanship."</p>
+
+<p>"I can explain that; but I think it would be better for you to do so."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_99" id="Page_99">[Pg 99]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"For me!" gasped the professor. "Why, sir, that would be an apology!"</p>
+
+<p>"It would be merely an explanation, which would come more gracefully
+from you than from any other person."</p>
+
+<p>"I don't think so, sir. It would be lowering myself before him."</p>
+
+<p>"As you please, Mr. Hamblin. I will explain the matter myself, when I
+give him the order."</p>
+
+<p>"If you could give him the order verbally, it would be better."</p>
+
+<p>"No; he must have the written order to show to any professor who
+disputes his authority. But Captain Kendall will never give you any
+trouble. He is manly and gentle, and he will not take advantage of his
+position."</p>
+
+<p>"I think he will have abundant ground to manifest his triumph."</p>
+
+<p>"He will not do anything of the kind. If any officer of the Josephine
+treats you with disrespect, he shall be suspended at once from office."</p>
+
+<p>"That is very proper, sir," added Mr. Hamblin, heartily.</p>
+
+<p>The learned gentleman let himself down as easily as possible. He had
+consented to remain rather than subject the principal to the great
+inconvenience and delay of procuring a new instructor. Captain Kendall
+was to be independent only in the sailing department, in which he had no
+disposition to interfere, any more than with the cook. He regarded it as
+a bitter necessity which compelled him to return to the Josephine; for
+he could not forego the pecuniary<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_100" id="Page_100">[Pg 100]</a></span> advantage and the opportunity of
+visiting the classic lands which the voyage presented; but, though he
+yielded with what grace he could command, he was dissatisfied with Mr.
+Lowington, and more dissatisfied with Paul.</p>
+
+<p>To go back to the consort unsustained was almost like going to a dungeon
+for a capital crime, to which nothing but personal interest induced him
+to submit. If the captain did not enjoy his triumph, it would be a
+degree of forbearance which he could not comprehend. But he was quite
+certain that the captain would "put on airs," abuse his absolute
+liberty, and perhaps snub his teacher before the class. Mr. Hamblin
+expected this, and made up his mind to be on the lookout for it.</p>
+
+<p>After dinner Mr. Lowington suggested that his services must be much
+needed on board of the Josephine, and proposed to send him to her at
+once. Mr. Hamblin consented, and as the consort kept astern of the ship,
+the latter was hove to, and the professor's barge lowered. Mr. Lowington
+went with the learned gentleman, and agreeably to his promise, made a
+full explanation to Paul, while the instructor, without a word to any
+one, hastened to the steerage, and called his class, just as though
+nothing had occurred. It was observed that he was unusually sour,
+crabbed, and precise, and all the students were anxious to know how the
+question of discipline had been settled.</p>
+
+<p>"Read this order, if you please, Captain Kendall," said the principal,
+when he had conducted him to the cabin, where they were alone.</p>
+
+<p>"I have no desire to leave my class, unless my duty<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_101" id="Page_101">[Pg 101]</a></span> to the vessel
+requires it," added Paul, after he had read the order.</p>
+
+<p>"I did not suppose you had; but you will keep that order in your pocket,
+and remember that your first duty is to your ship and crew."</p>
+
+<p>"I suppose you have learned by this time, sir, the reason why we did not
+take in sail sooner on Saturday," continued Paul, blushing deeply.</p>
+
+<p>"I have. Professor Hamblin feels very badly about this matter. At the
+time of it, he believed he was right, for he knows less about a vessel
+than even the chaplain of the ship. He acknowledges now that he was in
+error. Our rules did not before apply with sufficient distinctness to
+your particular case, as captain of the vessel, responsible for her
+proper navigation. Mr. Hamblin did not overstep the letter of his duty
+in refusing you permission to go on deck, and I only blame him for his
+want of judgment. By this order, which corrects the ship's rules, you
+are made independent in all matters relating to the management of the
+vessel."</p>
+
+<p>"I think there can be no trouble now, sir," replied Paul, delighted to
+find that his conduct was approved.</p>
+
+<p>"I hope not; and I do not expect any."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington returned to the ship, satisfied that he had healed the
+wounds of both the sufferers. Paul was happy, and he determined to treat
+the professor with the utmost deference and kindness, and thus remove
+the remembrance of the difficulty. At four o'clock, after the squadron
+had passed Beveland, and entered the Belgian territory, Paul went down
+to<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_102" id="Page_102">[Pg 102]</a></span> recite his Greek, as usual. He could not help seeing that Mr.
+Hamblin's lip quivered, and that he was laboring under strong emotions,
+when he took his place at the mess table. The captain was hardly less
+embarrassed, but he hoped an opportunity would soon occur for him to
+perform some kind act for the irritated gentleman.</p>
+
+<p>When the recitation was nearly finished, and both parties had recovered
+their self-possession, the vessel gave a sudden "bump," which nearly
+tipped the professor off his stool; but he righted himself, and was too
+much absorbed in his favorite study to think of the incident for a
+moment.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Terrill directs me to report to you that the vessel is aground!"
+said one of the midshipmen, in breathless haste, touching his cap to the
+captain.</p>
+
+<p>Paul blushed deeply, and was intensely annoyed at this repetition of the
+circumstances of Saturday; but there was no alternative but for him to
+go on deck.</p>
+
+<p>"Will you excuse me, Mr. Hamblin?" asked Paul, rising.</p>
+
+<p>The professor bowed, but made no reply in words. He wondered if the
+vessel had not been run aground on purpose to mortify and annoy him. He
+was inclined to think that such was the case, and that it had been done
+to enable the captain to display his absolute authority.</p>
+
+<p>Paul went on deck; but the pilot assured him that the accident would not
+subject the vessel to half an hour's delay, for the tide was rising very
+rapidly. He had run her a little too near a shoal, while the Young
+America, by keeping in mid channel, had gone clear.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_103" id="Page_103">[Pg 103]</a></span> There was nothing
+for the captain to do on deck, and he returned to his class. The
+Josephine came off the ground within the half hour, and by putting on
+more sail overhauled the ship before she reached Antwerp.</p>
+
+<p>"Here is the city, Paul," said Dr. Winstock, as the Josephine rounded a
+bend in the river. "You can see the spire of Antwerp Cathedral."</p>
+
+<p>"I see it, sir. I have heard a great deal about it. This is farther than
+we have been from the sea since we sailed."</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, it is a long pull from the sea for a sailing vessel; but Antwerp
+is the only convenient port for visiting the greater part of Belgium. We
+are only a short distance from Brussels, Ghent, Malines, and Li&eacute;ge. I
+suppose we shall visit no other port in Belgium; indeed, there is no
+other convenient one, except Ostend."</p>
+
+<p>"There is a whole fleet of British steamers at anchor opposite the
+town," said Paul, when the Josephine had gone a little farther.</p>
+
+<p>"A great many merchant steamers come up the river. There are regular
+lines to London and Harwich. By the latter route you may leave Antwerp
+at four in the afternoon and be in London at nine the next morning,
+though the Ostend or Calais line is quicker and better."</p>
+
+<p>"Those are large steamers," added Paul, as the squadron approached the
+fleet at anchor.</p>
+
+<p>"Why, that's the Victoria and Albert!" exclaimed the doctor, pointing to
+the largest of the ships. "That is the yacht of the Queen of England."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_104" id="Page_104">[Pg 104]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"It is a pretty large yacht," replied Paul. "What are the other
+steamers?"</p>
+
+<p>"They are the consorts of the yacht. The one that lies nearest to her is
+the Osborne, which was formerly the queen's state vessel. The others are
+merely a kind of guard of honor."</p>
+
+<p>"Does it take five steamships to bring the queen over to Antwerp?" asked
+Paul, laughing.</p>
+
+<p>"She must go in state when she goes," added the doctor. "The Victoria
+and Albert is a ship of twenty-four hundred tons. I hope we shall have
+an opportunity to go on board of her."</p>
+
+<p>"I hope we shall; but that is hardly to be expected."</p>
+
+<p>"They do not exhibit her when she is in English waters, but I think they
+do when she is abroad."</p>
+
+<p>"All ready to moor ship, Mr. Terrill," said Paul, as the Young America
+gave the signal.</p>
+
+<p>The Josephine ran up to a point near the ship, and within a couple of
+cables' length of the royal squadron let go her anchor. Port officers
+came on board, and explained the harbor regulations; among them, one
+whose duty it was to determine the amount due the pilot. This official
+"hooked" the vessel, or measured her draught. As the Josephine drew
+about ten feet of water, the charge was one hundred and ninety-eight
+francs.</p>
+
+<p>Everything was made snug on board; the ropes were carefully coiled, and
+all the running rigging hauled taut; for, lying near the queen's yacht,
+Paul desired to have the vessel present her best appearance. The work of
+the day was ended, and the students were<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_105" id="Page_105">[Pg 105]</a></span> at liberty to observe the
+strange scenes around them. There was the city of Antwerp, but it was
+not much different from any other city. The Scheldt formed a crescent in
+front of the town, and there was a multitude of vessels lying at the
+quays, as the space on the shore is called. The river is about fifteen
+hundred feet wide, and deep enough to float a ship of the line. The city
+is very strongly fortified, on both sides of the river.</p>
+
+<p>"Here we are, for a week or two," said Pelham to the first lieutenant,
+after all the ship's duty had been performed.</p>
+
+<p>"I suppose so," replied Terrill. "It seems to me just as though we had
+been sailing down hill ever since we came into the river. Hark!"</p>
+
+<p>It was just six o'clock, and the chime of bells on the great Cathedral
+played a silver-toned melody which was almost enchanting.</p>
+
+<p>"I should not object to hearing that every hour," said Pelham, when the
+tune was finished. "Do they play the same tune over again?"</p>
+
+<p>"I'm sure I don't know," replied Terrill.</p>
+
+<p>"They have a different tune for each hour of the day, and play the
+entire music of an opera," interposed Dr. Winstock. "They give a short
+strain at the quarter hour, and a longer one at the half hour."</p>
+
+<p>"That will be music all day long."</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, and all night long," added the surgeon, as he walked away with the
+captain.</p>
+
+<p>"I wish he were going to stay on board instead of that solemn old
+lunatic, the Greek and Latin hum<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_106" id="Page_106">[Pg 106]</a></span>bug" said Terrill, who had a habit of
+speaking his mind very plainly.</p>
+
+<p>"Do you know how the row was settled between him and the captain?" asked
+Pelham.</p>
+
+<p>"I do not; but I am confident Mr. Lowington sustained the captain,"
+answered Terrill. "I was in hopes that we had got rid of him when he
+went on board of the ship yesterday, and I was mad when I saw him coming
+back to-day noon."</p>
+
+<p>"There is not a fellow in the Josephine that didn't have the same
+thought," added Pelham. "I don't see why a man need try to make himself
+as disagreeable as he does. All the students were willing to treat him
+with respect, and get their lessons well; but he is as crank as an
+alderman."</p>
+
+<p>"I wish we could get rid of him," suggested Terrill.</p>
+
+<p>"Of course we can't do that," replied Pelham, who was not disposed to
+get into any more scrapes.</p>
+
+<p>"We might make the Josephine uncomfortable for him," suggested Terrill.</p>
+
+<p>"We might; but I think we had better not," added the prudent Pelham,
+made wise by experience, as the bell for the cabin supper rang.</p>
+
+<p>Professor Hamblin looked unusually gloomy and morose, but he labored
+perseveringly to keep up his dignity. Paul sat at the head of the table,
+ordinarily with his officers on each side of him in the order of their
+rank; but on the present occasion, Dr. Winstock occupied the place at
+his right. At the opposite end of the board was Mr. Hamblin, with the
+fat professor on his right. Behind the captain's chair stood the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_107" id="Page_107">[Pg 107]</a></span> head
+steward, while the second steward was stationed near the instructors.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin occasionally cast a furtive glance at the young commander;
+but Paul seemed to be as composed as though nothing had happened to
+disturb the friendly relations between them. Though he did not observe
+it, Terrill persisted that the learned gentleman looked "ugly," and
+would make another row as soon as he could get a chance.</p>
+
+<p>"I can see through the mainsail when there is a hole in it," said the
+executive officer to Pelham, when they went on deck again. "If there
+wasn't mischief in Mr. Hamblin's eye, there never was mischief in any
+man's eye."</p>
+
+<p>"What do you mean?" asked Pelham.</p>
+
+<p>"You know the old lunatic threatened to have the captain suspended for
+leaving the class. He failed in that, and if he don't try it again, I'm
+mistaken in the man."</p>
+
+<p>"Of course he won't make any more complaints till he has something to
+complain of, and Paul won't give him a chance."</p>
+
+<p>"I don't suppose he will voluntarily; but his conduct will be distorted.
+I tell you the professor is ugly, and he hates the captain as badly as a
+Christian can."</p>
+
+<p>"He hasn't improved his popularity on board by what he has done."</p>
+
+<p>"Every fellow on the Josephine is down upon him. There'll be a row on
+board soon, in my opinion," added Terrill, as Dr. Winstock and Paul came
+on deck.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_108" id="Page_108">[Pg 108]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>A boat was lowered to send the surgeon on board the ship. Paul
+accompanied him; and on the way they went up to the gangway of the
+Victoria and Albert, and ascertained that visitors would be admitted to
+the ship on the following day, from ten till four.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_109" id="Page_109">[Pg 109]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_VII" id="CHAPTER_VII"></a>CHAPTER VII.</h2>
+
+<h3>THE LECTURE ON BELGIUM.</h3>
+
+
+<p>"All hands, attend lecture on board ship, ahoy!" shouted the boatswain
+of the Josephine, as the signal to this effect appeared on the Young
+America.</p>
+
+<p>Ordinarily this call was not an agreeable one; for the students had
+voted that it was "dull music" to listen to a stupid lecture on
+geography and history; but in the present instance it was not so. The
+information communicated in regard to England and Scotland was so
+familiar to them that it was robbed of its interest; but the
+school-books contained only very meagre allusions to Holland and
+Belgium. Many of them had read Mr. Motley's eloquent descriptions of the
+bravery and devotion to principle of the Dutch people in their civil
+wars and in their terrible conflict with the Spaniards, and they were
+desirous of knowing more about the country and its inhabitants.</p>
+
+<p>Holland is in itself an exceedingly interesting country. The students
+had seen something of its dikes and ditches, and were anxious to see
+more. The region seemed to be very much like a ship; for it was
+necessary to keep the water out as much as possible, and to pump out
+that which leaked in or rained in. The boys were to go on shore, and
+they desired to under<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_110" id="Page_110">[Pg 110]</a></span>stand something of the history of the country, in
+order to appreciate the various objects which commemorated mighty events
+in the past. The citadel of Antwerp was in sight at a bend up the river,
+and they were curious to know its antecedents.</p>
+
+<p>On both vessels the libraries had been ransacked for information by the
+more enthusiastic of the pupils, and many interesting facts had been
+gleaned from the volumes; but those who knew the most about the country
+were the most anxious to know more. With only a few exceptions,
+therefore, the "call to lecture," on the present occasion, was a welcome
+one. The boats were lowered, and all hands in the Josephine, including
+the professors, went on board of the ship, leaving the vessel in charge
+of the adult forward officers.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Mapps had already made his preparations in the steerage, and on the
+foremast hung a large Dutch map of the Netherlands. The students filed
+in and took their seats. The professor looked unusually pleasant and
+enthusiastic, probably because he felt that his wares were in demand.</p>
+
+<p>"Young gentlemen, before you is the map of the Netherlands," he began.
+"For our present purpose, the term must include both Holland and
+Belgium; for until 1830 the two were one country, the latter having had,
+for no long period, a separate political existence till that time.</p>
+
+<p>"The Dutch name of the country is <i>Nederlanden</i>; the French name,
+<i>Pays-Bas</i>; both of which have the same meaning&mdash;'low countries.' By
+this time you have realized the literal significance of the term; for
+nearly all the region consists of an immense low plain,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_111" id="Page_111">[Pg 111]</a></span> intersected by
+rivers or arms of the sea. A reference to the physical geography of
+Europe shows you that the great northern plain, containing nine times
+the area of France, or about one half the area of Europe, extends from
+the Ural Mountains to the German Ocean.</p>
+
+<p>"Doubtless the whole region now included in the Netherlands was once a
+mere swamp, a wild and useless morass, unfit for the habitation of man.
+Three great rivers, you perceive on the map, have their course, in whole
+or in part, through Holland and Belgium&mdash;the Rhine, the Maas, or Meuse,
+and the Scheldt.</p>
+
+<p>"By a reference to your navigation charts, young gentlemen, you will
+often find banks and bars thrown up at the mouths of rivers. At the
+mouth of the Scheldt, several miles from the shore, there are Thornton's
+Ridge, The Rabs, Schouwen Bank, Steen Banks, and others of similar
+formation. At the mouth of the Mississippi, in our own country, you are
+aware that large vessels find great difficulty in getting over the bar.
+If we take a tumbler full of Mississippi water, after heavy rains in the
+north-west, and let it stand a few moments, a thick sediment settles at
+the bottom. This sediment forms the bar at the mouth of the river. The
+sand and mud are carried down by the current, and when the water has a
+chance to rest, it deposits its burden upon the bottom."</p>
+
+<p>"But why in that particular place?" asked an interested student.</p>
+
+<p>"Because the current of the river comes to a halt<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_112" id="Page_112">[Pg 112]</a></span> where it meets the
+inflowing tide of the gulf, or when it has spent its force. These bars
+are sometimes formed by currents resulting from the combined action of
+the sea and the flow of the river, or by winds. A heavy gale has been
+known to change the aspect of a coast, to shut up a harbor, or to open
+one where there had before been no inlet. Cape Cod presents some
+remarkable instances of these physical revolutions.</p>
+
+<p>"The great rivers of the Netherlands, in like manner, have brought down
+their sands and mud, and deposited them on what now forms the shore of
+the country. The forces of the ocean, against which the Dutchman of
+to-day has to contend for the preservation of his life and property,
+assisted in making this country a habitable region. Certain westerly and
+south-westerly winds drive the waters of the Atlantic into the German
+Ocean. The coast of the country, you see by the map, is exposed to the
+longest sweep of the wind from the north-west, and the most violent
+tempests to which Holland is exposed come from that direction. Now, what
+is the effect of these storms?"</p>
+
+<p>"They pile up the sand-bars," replied Captain Kendall.</p>
+
+<p>"Precisely so; the dunes and ridges of sand which border the country
+from the straits of Dover to the Texel are caused by these violent winds
+from the north-west. The effect of this piling up of the sands was
+eventually to limit, in a measure, the boundary of the sea. The dunes
+and ridges formed the foundation for the dikes which the industrious and
+persevering Dutchman has erected upon them, and by<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_113" id="Page_113">[Pg 113]</a></span> which he has made
+his country. For the want of time, I shall defer the physical features
+of Holland, and a more particular description of its dikes and ditches,
+to a future occasion. In what country are we now?"</p>
+
+<p>"In Belgium, sir," replied McLeish, who always answered when he could,
+though in general knowledge he was far behind his American classmates.</p>
+
+<p>"What is the French name?"</p>
+
+<p>"<i>La Belgique.</i>"</p>
+
+<p>"The German?"</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Belgien.</i>"</p>
+
+<p>"What is the French adjective?"</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Belge.</i>"</p>
+
+<p>"There is a liberal newspaper published at Brussels, the capital of
+Belgium, which is often quoted as political authority in the United
+States, called the <i>Ind&eacute;pendance Belge</i>. What does the term mean?"</p>
+
+<p>"'The Belgian Independent,' or 'The Independent Belgian,'" laughed
+Pelham.</p>
+
+<p>"But the first word is a noun."</p>
+
+<p>"'The Belgian Freeman,' or something of that sort."</p>
+
+<p>"Doubtless it will bear that rendering, though it means literally
+'Belgian Independence.' Belgium is bounded on the north, and partly on
+the east, by Holland; mostly on the east by the Rhenish provinces of
+Prussia, forming a part of Germany; on the south-west by France; and on
+the north-west by the German Ocean. It has an area of eleven thousand
+three hundred and thirteen miles; that is, it is about the size of
+Maryland, or of Massachusetts and Connecticut united.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_114" id="Page_114">[Pg 114]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Its population in 1863 was about five millions, equal to the aggregate
+of New York and Massachusetts. In New England, in 1860, there were fifty
+persons to the square mile; in Massachusetts, which is the most densely
+peopled of the United States, one hundred and seventy; but Belgium has
+four hundred and forty souls to the square mile, and is the most
+thickly-settled country in the world.</p>
+
+<p>"Belgium contains nine provinces, the largest of which, in area, is
+Luxembourg, though it is one of the smallest in population. The largest
+in population is East Flanders."</p>
+
+<p>"Flanders!" exclaimed Terrill; "I was hoping you would say something
+about Flanders, for I had an idea it was Belgium."</p>
+
+<p>"It is a part of it. Flanders has belonged to France, Spain, Austria,
+and Holland, at times; but it was divided into two provinces by the King
+of Holland, and became a part of the United Kingdom of Belgium when it
+was established in 1830. It figures largely in history, and 'our army in
+Flanders' is a proverb.</p>
+
+<p>"The soil of Belgium is generally sandy and poor; but, by skill and
+industry, the people obtain large crops from it. In a country so densely
+peopled there could not be many large farms, and the majority of the
+farmers cultivate what would not be more than a garden in America; but
+the system of agriculture is not surpassed by that of any country in the
+world. Flax-raising is the principal occupation of the farmers; but
+grasses and roots receive particular attention. Horses, cattle, and
+sheep are raised in great numbers.</p>
+
+<p>"The manufactures of Belgium are very celebrated.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_115" id="Page_115">[Pg 115]</a></span> The laces of Brussels
+and Mechlin (Malines) have the highest reputation. Linen goods, carpets,
+woollens, cottons, hosiery, are largely produced. The foreign and
+domestic commerce of Belgium, largely carried on through the port of
+Antwerp, is extensive.</p>
+
+<p>"Belgium is a flat country, as we have said. There are no mountains,
+though in the provinces of Li&eacute;ge and Brabant the American traveller will
+find a variety of scenery similar to that in the eastern part of
+Massachusetts and Connecticut. This portion of Belgium is a beautiful
+garden.</p>
+
+<p>"The government, according to the charter of 1831, is a constitutional,
+representative, and hereditary monarchy; that is, it has a constitution,
+a parliament, and the oldest son of the king is his successor. The
+king's person is declared to be sacred, and his ministers, instead of
+himself, are held responsible for the government acts. The legislative
+branch consists of a senate and a chamber of representatives; but the
+king must sign their acts before they can become laws.</p>
+
+<p>"The members of both houses of the legislature are chosen by the people,
+and are called deputies. Only citizens who pay a certain amount of
+direct taxes can vote. The deputies who live out of the town in which
+the session is held are paid sixty-two dollars a month. They are elected
+for four years, half every two years. The political privileges of the
+people are only less than those of our own country.</p>
+
+<p>"The present king is Leopold I.<a name="FNanchor_A_1" id="FNanchor_A_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_A_1" class="fnanchor">[A]</a> He is seventy-four years old, and for
+the last fifty years has been a<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_116" id="Page_116">[Pg 116]</a></span> man of mark in Europe. He was for some
+time in the service of the Emperor of Russia, and went to England with
+the allied sovereigns, in 1814, where he became acquainted with, and
+afterwards married, the Princess Charlotte, daughter of George IV.; but
+she died within two years. In 1830 Leopold was elected King of Greece;
+but he finally refused the crown, because the conditions he made were
+not complied with. In 1831 he was elected King of the Belgians, and was
+crowned the same year. The next year he married Louise, the daughter of
+Louis Philippe, King of France. Leopold, Duke of Brabant, will succeed
+him. He has several other sons and daughters, among them Marie
+Charlotte, wife of Maximilian, Archduke of Austria, who has been elected
+Emperor of Mexico. Leopold is one of the richest men in Europe.</p>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_A_1" id="Footnote_A_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_A_1"><span class="label">[A]</span></a> Leopold I. died Dec. 10, 1865, and was succeeded by his
+son, Leopold II.</p></div>
+
+<p>"Nearly all the people of Belgium are Roman Catholics, there being but
+about thirteen thousand Protestants and two thousand Jews; but the
+largest religious liberty is allowed to all sects. A portion of the
+salary of ministers of all denominations is paid from the national
+treasury. While the Catholics receive seven hundred thousand dollars
+from the state, the Protestants obtain eleven thousand, and the Jews two
+thousand dollars. The salary paid by the state to the archbishop is four
+thousand two hundred dollars, and to a bishop about three thousand.</p>
+
+<p>"The history of Flanders is substantially the early history of Belgium.
+Many changes were made in the territorial limit of the country from time
+to time, in the hands of its different owners. The first mention<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_117" id="Page_117">[Pg 117]</a></span> of
+this country in history is in the time of Julius C&aelig;sar, who conquered
+the Low Countries, and the Romans held them till the year 400, when they
+were joined to the empire of the Franks. They formed part of the vast
+realm of Charlemagne.</p>
+
+<p>"After the Romans had abandoned the territory, several independent
+nobles established themselves in the southern part of the Netherlands.
+Among them were the Counts of Flanders, who became very powerful and
+influential men. They are to be regarded as the founders of the Flemish
+provinces. Having no male heirs, their possessions went to the house of
+Burgundy. Philip, Duke of Burgundy, married Margaret, Countess of
+Flanders, and, upon the death of her father, she brought to him the
+country of Flanders and other valuable possessions.</p>
+
+<p>"During the succeeding hundred years, Namur, Brabant, Limbourg,
+Hainault, Holland, Zealand, Friesland, and Luxembourg, all of which now
+belong to Holland and Belgium, were added to the territories of the
+Dukes of Burgundy. At this period appears the powerful but rash and
+cruel Charles the Bold. His life was spent in open or secret strife with
+Louis XI., king of France, whose suzerain, or nominal vassal, he was.
+The king was instrumental in stirring up rebellion in several cities of
+the Low Countries, which the duke put down with his accustomed severity.</p>
+
+<p>"Charles, in revenge, having leagued with some discontented French
+princes, Louis secretly fomented an insurrection in Li&eacute;ge. When the blow
+was first struck, the crafty king was paying a visit to his cousin of
+Burgundy, as he called the duke, who,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_118" id="Page_118">[Pg 118]</a></span> on hearing the news, retained his
+sovereign as a prisoner, threatening to kill him for his perfidy. The
+cunning prince tried to pacify his enraged host. He was but partially
+successful, and could only obtain his liberty by submitting to the most
+humiliating terms. The duke compelled his royal guest to march in person
+with him to the revolted city, and assist his vassal in putting down the
+rebellion he had himself instigated.</p>
+
+<p>"Charles the Bold was slain in battle, and his death ending his line of
+dukes, Louis seized upon several of the provinces. Mary, the daughter of
+Charles, was married to the Archduke of Austria, who claimed the
+Burgundian provinces in right of his wife. He obtained possession,
+however, of only Franche-comt&eacute; and the Low Countries. The conflicting
+claims for these territories kept Austria and France at war for a long
+time.</p>
+
+<p>"The Archduke Maximilian, who married Mary of Burgundy, became Emperor
+of Germany on the death of his father. He had two children by her,
+Philip and Margaret, the former of whom married Joanna, daughter of
+Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain. They were the parents of Charles V.,
+Emperor of Germany and King of all Spain. During this period the Low
+Countries were governed by Maximilian, Philip, and Charles, deriving
+their right from Charles the Bold.</p>
+
+<p>"Charles V. was succeeded as King of Spain by Philip II., his son, who
+also inherited the Flemish provinces. Mr. Motley's incomparable History
+of the Rise of the Dutch Republic, commences at this point, with the
+abdication of Charles V., and the accession of Philip II. I hope all who
+have not read<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_119" id="Page_119">[Pg 119]</a></span> this work will do so, as many of you can, here in the
+midst of the scenes described in its glowing pages.</p>
+
+<p>"Philip was a bigot and a tyrant, and his despotism, which included the
+establishment of the Inquisition, drove the people to madness, and
+provoked them to rebellion. During the reign of Charles V. the
+Reformation had made considerable progress in Germany, and its
+principles were firmly planted in the Low Countries. Philip imposed upon
+himself the duty of rooting out the obnoxious doctrines, and of
+restoring the supremacy of the Catholic church.</p>
+
+<p>"After his accession to the Netherlands, the king remained four years in
+the country, and then departed for Spain, from which he did not again
+return. He made his sister regent, and she was to be assisted by
+Granvelle, Bishop of Arras. William, Prince of Orange, and the Counts
+Egmont and Horn, were associated with the bishop as councillors, but
+they had no real power or influence.</p>
+
+<p>"The despotic conduct of Granvelle, and the attempt on his part to
+introduce the Inquisition, by order of his royal master, excited the
+most desperate opposition. The people organized under the lead of the
+Prince of Orange, and Egmont and Horn, and an insurrection broke out in
+Flanders, in 1566. These Protestant rebels have been styled iconoclasts,
+or image-breakers, for they broke into the churches, overturned the
+images, defaced the valuable paintings, and otherwise injured the church
+property.</p>
+
+<p>"The famous Cathedral of Notre Dame, which you can see from the deck of
+the ship, was ravaged by the mob. The statues of Christ, the Virgin, and
+the Saints<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_120" id="Page_120">[Pg 120]</a></span> were hurled from their pedestals; the rich paintings, the
+choicest works of Flemish art, were cut to pieces; the organs were torn
+down, the altars overturned, and the gold and silver vessels used in the
+mass were carried off. For three days these tumultuous proceedings
+continued, and were suppressed only when the fury of the mob had ceased,
+by the Knights of the Golden Fleece, of which the Prince of Orange was a
+member. The career of this remarkable man is closely identified with the
+history of the Netherlands during this period. He was opposed to the
+violence of the mob, not only from prudential motives, but because his
+own religious views were not yet in sympathy with the Protestant
+reformers, though he afterwards fully embraced their doctrines.</p>
+
+<p>"The patriots of the Low Countries were, in the beginning of these
+troubles, both Catholic and Protestant; but the sacrilegious conduct of
+the mob detached the former from the cause, and as the Catholics were
+more numerous in the southern than in the northern provinces, they
+finally turned the scale in favor of Philip II. in their own section,
+while the people of Holland established their independence.</p>
+
+<p>"Philip then sent the savage and relentless Duke of Alva to suppress the
+new religion in the Netherlands. Egmont and Horn were beheaded at
+Brussels, and the Prince of Orange retired into Germany, appealing to
+the Protestant princes for assistance. With an army he had raised in
+Germany, and with money obtained there and of Queen Elizabeth of
+England, he marched into the Netherlands, and called his people to arms.
+A long and terrible war ensued, in<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_121" id="Page_121">[Pg 121]</a></span> which the Dutch suffered up to the
+limit of human endurance, and displayed a heroism which is without
+parallel in the history of the nations.</p>
+
+<p>"The Prince of Orange was created Stadtholder; almost unlimited powers
+were conferred upon him, and for years he struggled against the most
+stupendous obstacles. The Dutch, being a maritime people, established a
+navy, which inflicted many heavy blows upon the Spanish power. The
+severity of Alva so goaded the Netherlanders that the whole country was
+in arms against him. He failed to reduce them to subjection, and was
+recalled. His next two eminent successors died of fever, and the Duke of
+Parma was then sent as regent of Philip. In 1579 the northern provinces
+declared their independence, and established the Dutch Republic, or the
+Seven United Provinces, of which the Prince of Orange was stadtholder.</p>
+
+<p>"Philip was so incensed at the success of the Prince of Orange that he
+offered a large reward to any one who would take his life, and a
+fanatical Burgundian shot him at Delft, in 1584. With this event Mr.
+Motley closes his History of the Rise of the Dutch Republic.</p>
+
+<p>"Belgium adhered to Spain, or, rather, the Duke of Parma succeeded in
+reducing it to subjection after the murder of the stadtholder. In 1598
+Philip gave the Flemish provinces to his daughter Isabella. But on her
+death without children, the country again reverted to Spain. After more
+than a century of strife, including the Thirty Years' War, the repeated
+quarrels between England and Spain, and France and Spain, and the War of
+the Spanish Succession, during which<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_122" id="Page_122">[Pg 122]</a></span> period the Low Countries were
+often the battle-ground, Belgium passed into the hands of the Austrians.</p>
+
+<p>"In settling up the disastrous strife of the century, the treaty-making
+powers had given several of the Belgian fortresses to Holland, in order
+to check the ambition of France, and the Dutch closed the Scheldt. After
+an interval of peace under Maria Theresa of Austria, her son, Joseph
+II., attempted to break through portions of the treaties, and obliged
+the troops of Holland to evacuate his territory, but he could not open
+the river. He was rash in his proceedings, and a rebellion was organized
+against him.</p>
+
+<p>"About this time commenced the French Revolution, whose influence
+extended to the Low Countries, and in 1789 the Austrian garrison at
+Brussels was forced to surrender. But the people were not united, and
+their dissensions enabled the Austrians to regain their power. The
+French Directory sent an army to assist the Belgians, the Austrians were
+driven from the country, and Belgium was incorporated with France.</p>
+
+<p>"Napoleon, while he controlled the destinies of France, devoted much
+attention to the Flemish provinces, and especially to the city of
+Antwerp. When you go on shore you will see immense docks and
+fortifications built by him. He intended to make it a great naval
+station, and it would have been of vast importance to him in carrying
+out his plans for the invasion of England. The works on the opposite
+side of the river, called 'T&ecirc;te de Flandre,' were the beginning of an
+immense military town. During this period England was almost continually
+at war with<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_123" id="Page_123">[Pg 123]</a></span> France, and several expeditions were sent against Holland
+and Belgium.</p>
+
+<p>"When Napoleon abdicated, the Flemish Provinces were restored to
+Austria; but when the allies who had overthrown Napoleon finally
+disposed of their conquests, Holland and Belgium were united, and given
+to the Stadtholder, who had adhered to the allies. He was styled William
+I., King of the Netherlands.</p>
+
+<p>"The two sections could not agree; the Dutch regarded Belgium as a
+conquered province, and were not at all conciliatory in their treatment
+of the new acquisition. The Belgians were essentially French in their
+habits, and disliked the Dutch. In 1830 they revolted against their
+masters, the insurrection extended to the principal cities, and the king
+called upon the great powers who had given him the country. A congress
+assembled in London at his request, which, however, decreed the
+independence of Belgium.</p>
+
+<p>"The people first elected a son of Louis Philippe king; but he declined,
+and Leopold was then chosen. King William, of Holland, protested, and in
+spite of the treaty, held the city of Antwerp. A French army was sent to
+the assistance of Leopold; Antwerp capitulated, but it was not till 1839
+that Holland made a treaty with Belgium, acknowledging her independence.
+Leopold strengthened his position by marrying a daughter of the King of
+France; and his son and heir, the Duke of Brabant, was married to Marie,
+Archduchess of Austria.</p>
+
+<p>"In 1848, when Louis Philippe was overthrown in France, some disturbance
+occurred, and Leopold<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_124" id="Page_124">[Pg 124]</a></span> offered to abdicate; but his proposition was not
+accepted, and he wisely and skilfully led his government through all the
+troubles of that excitable period. He is a wise and prudent statesman,
+and as such has had a great deal of influence in Europe.</p>
+
+<p>"Now, young gentlemen, I trust you will not be satisfied with this
+meagre sketch of the interesting country we are now visiting, but will
+read up the subject so that you will understand it better."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Mapps left his position, and the studies of the morning were
+commenced. After dinner the usual shore liberty was given, the
+allowances paid in French francs, a supply of which had been procured in
+London, and the students were landed. Instead of going on shore
+immediately, Dr. Winstock and Paul paid a visit to the Victoria and
+Albert.</p>
+
+<p>At the gangway they found the steward of the ship, who volunteered to
+conduct them through the vessel. There was nothing strikingly peculiar
+in the exterior of the yacht, except that she had large, square windows,
+composed of a single pane of glass, in her upper saloons and cabins; but
+the steward informed the visitors that these were replaced in heavy
+weather by wooden shutters, having only the small, round ports in them.</p>
+
+<p>Between the paddle-boxes was a large open space, covered over by the
+hurricane deck. On each side, abaft the wheels, was a small apartment,
+or pavilion, with large glass windows, elegantly cushioned and
+furnished, where the royal passengers could sit in rough weather, and
+look out upon the sea. On the hurricane deck was a spacious
+dining-saloon.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_125" id="Page_125">[Pg 125]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>From the open space between the wheels, the steward conducted Dr.
+Winstock and Paul to a passage-way, at the after end of which was a
+saloon called the breakfast-room. Its length corresponded with the width
+of the vessel, and one side was round, being formed at the stern of the
+vessel, in which were several of the large square windows, so that the
+apartment was very light and pleasant.</p>
+
+<p>On each side of the passage-way were several apartments, arranged in
+suits. Returning to the open space amidships, the party entered the
+forward room on the starboard side.</p>
+
+<p>"This is the room of the first lady in waiting," said the steward, as
+they went in.</p>
+
+<p>"I should say the first lady in waiting was well accommodated," said
+Paul, laughing, as he glanced at the spacious apartment.</p>
+
+<p>"But she may be a countess," replied the steward, leading the way to the
+next room. "This is the queen's bed-chamber."</p>
+
+<p>There was a large bed in this room, which looked just like anybody's
+bed; but it was by no means so elegant as the young republican had
+anticipated. The apartment was rich and costly in its furnishings, but
+there was none of the magnificence which one would have expected to find
+in the room of a queen.</p>
+
+<p>"This is the dressing-room of Prince Albert," added the steward,
+entering the next room. "Her majesty allows no one to occupy it since
+the death of his highness."</p>
+
+<p>Beyond this, on the same side, were shown several rooms appropriated to
+the use of the princesses.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_126" id="Page_126">[Pg 126]</a></span> They corresponded in style with those of the
+queen; but in nothing connected with the yacht was there any gaudy
+display. The party went to the opposite side, and were shown several
+rooms like those they had just seen, which were occupied by the princes.
+The forward room on the port side was the drawing-room. It was larger
+than any other except the breakfast-room, but did not appear to be
+extravagantly furnished; everything seemed to be provided for comfort
+rather than show.</p>
+
+<p>The conductor then led them forward, where, on each side of a passage,
+were four rooms, each provided with a handsome, narrow bedstead, which
+the steward said were for the use of the lords and ladies in waiting.
+Forward of these, in the bow of the vessel, was the kitchen, a
+three-cornered room like that on the Young America, with a large galley
+or cooking-range in the middle.</p>
+
+<p>Below the royal apartments, in the after part of the ship, were the
+cabins for the servants. As the steward led his guests towards the
+gangway, Dr. Winstock took out his purse.</p>
+
+<p>"Never mind that just now," interposed their conductor, "especially as
+there is the captain."</p>
+
+<p>Paul wondered if the doctor intended to insult a person of so much
+consequence as the steward of the queen's yacht must be, by offering him
+money. He glanced at the captain, who was a fine-looking man, in naval
+uniform, as the steward led the way to the accommodation steps. The
+doctor slyly slipped a couple of English shillings into the man's hand,
+and they went down into their boat.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_127" id="Page_127">[Pg 127]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"What did you give him, sir?" asked Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"Two shillings."</p>
+
+<p>"Well, it seems to me the steward of any American passenger steamer
+would be angry if you gave him two shillings for his services."</p>
+
+<p>"If I had not met these men before, I should not have dared to do it;
+but it is expected," replied the doctor.</p>
+
+<p>The boat pulled up to the Quai Vandyck, and Paul for the first time put
+his foot upon the continent of Europe.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_128" id="Page_128">[Pg 128]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_VIII" id="CHAPTER_VIII"></a>CHAPTER VIII.</h2>
+
+<h3>ANTWERP AND RUBENS.</h3>
+
+
+<p>"Where shall we go first, Paul?" asked Dr. Winstock, when they landed
+upon the quay.</p>
+
+<p>"I don't know, sir; I think I shall be interested wherever we go. This
+is a big city&mdash;isn't it?"</p>
+
+<p>"Its population is hardly more than half of what it was in the days of
+its greatest prosperity. In the days of Charles V. it is said that
+twenty-five hundred vessels were frequently seen at one time in the
+river. It had two hundred thousand inhabitants, and was then the richest
+and most thriving commercial city in Europe. You perceive that this long
+line of quays affords plenty of wharf room. Indeed the name of the city
+is said to be derived from a Flemish phrase, '<i>aen't werf</i>,' which means
+on the wharf, or on the quay."</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Motley tells another story about its name. He says the people claim
+that the city is very old, and that a giant by the name of Antigonus,
+established himself on the river at this place, and set up a kind of
+custom-house. He required half the merchandise of those who went up the
+river. He used to cut off the right hands of those who attempted to
+smuggle, and throw them into the river. In this way <i>Hand<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_129" id="Page_129">[Pg 129]</a></span> werpen</i>, or
+hand throwing, came to be the name of the place," said the young
+commander.</p>
+
+<p>"I suppose that story is as true now as it ever was. But where shall we
+go?" asked the doctor.</p>
+
+<p>"I want to get a little nearer to that Cathedral," replied Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"That is really the most noted thing in Antwerp, and we will walk up
+there; and I think we shall be able to see the pictures on the church,
+which are required to produce an income. The Cathedral used to be open
+till one o'clock, free to the public, but the curtains were carefully
+drawn over these great works of art; after this hour visitors were
+admitted upon the payment of one franc, and the pictures were exhibited.
+Doubtless the same regulation is in force now."</p>
+
+<p>A walk of a few moments brought them to the Place Verte, a little park
+enclosed, with a colossal statue of Rubens in the centre.</p>
+
+<p>"Everything in Antwerp is Rubens," said the doctor. "The people believe
+in him still, and almost worship his memory."</p>
+
+<p>"Why should they? He was only a great painter&mdash;was he?" added Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"He was more than that: he was quite distinguished as a statesman and a
+diplomatist. He was ambassador to England, Holland, and other countries.
+His celebrity as an artist, and his influence with the crowned heads of
+several nations, caused him to be regarded with deep interest by the
+people. He lived in a splendid mansion, for the immense income which he
+derived from his pencil enabled him to support an<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_130" id="Page_130">[Pg 130]</a></span> elegant
+establishment. He had a great number of pupils, and at one period in his
+career they painted no inconsiderable part of his pictures. He had
+orders from all the crowned heads of Europe, and in many of his works he
+could only make the designs and give the finishing touches to them. He
+was very industrious, and painted rapidly, as he must have done to
+produce so many pictures."</p>
+
+<p>"He humbugged his customers then&mdash;didn't he?"</p>
+
+<p>"His assistants did only the heavy work, while Rubens furnished the
+design, and gave the work its finishing touches. The celebrated
+sculptors do not perform all the drudgery of chiselling out a statue.
+Wherever you go in Antwerp, you will hear of Rubens. You will find his
+works in all the galleries, you will visit his house in the Rue Rubens,
+his pictures will be shown to you in every church, and you will see his
+tomb in St. Jacques."</p>
+
+<p>"They have Rubens on the brain, as we should say at home," laughed Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, and they have it badly. From this point you have a good view of
+the Cathedral," added the doctor, as they paused near the statue of
+Rubens, where they could see the building over the tops of the trees.</p>
+
+<p>"The steeple is very handsome. It is of the most beautiful and delicate
+workmanship you will see."</p>
+
+<p>"I should think it would blow down."</p>
+
+<p>"It is banded together with a framework of iron, and the stones are held
+together with copper bolts."</p>
+
+<p>"How high is it?" asked Paul, as he gazed up at the lofty spire.</p>
+
+<p>"There you have me, Paul! I don't know. In<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_131" id="Page_131">[Pg 131]</a></span> Murray's Guide-Book it is
+set down at four hundred and three feet. The man up in the tower there
+says it is four hundred and sixty-six. Other authorities put it at less
+than four hundred. My guide assured me it was one hundred and
+forty-seven French metres in height; but this, reduced to English
+measure, would give four hundred and eighty-three feet. My own idea is,
+that Murray is right," replied Dr. Winstock, as they walked over to the
+church.</p>
+
+<p>"What's this?" asked Paul, pointing to a beautiful iron canopy in Gothic
+style, near the foot of the church tower.</p>
+
+<p>"That's a draw-well. It is the handiwork of Quentin Matsys."</p>
+
+<p>"I don't know him."</p>
+
+<p>"He was a blacksmith until he was twenty years old, when he fell in love
+with the fair daughter of a painter. The story goes that the father
+would not permit his daughter to marry any man that was not an artist,
+and the blacksmith abandoned his anvil for the easel. He had a genius
+for art, and soon painted better than his masters. He won his bride, and
+achieved a great reputation in his new art. The picture of The Misers,
+which you saw at Windsor Castle, was executed by him."</p>
+
+<p>They bought a couple of tickets and were admitted to the church. The
+interior was grand and imposing; but the chief attraction was the
+pictures, which were now unveiled, and a small audience was present
+examining them. Several artists were making copies of them. In the south
+transept hangs Reubens's masterpiece, The Descent from the Cross.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_132" id="Page_132">[Pg 132]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Paul did not pretend to be a connoisseur in paintings, and could neither
+understand nor appreciate the fine writing he read about them in books,
+or the "hifalutin" which affected men bestowed upon them; but in the
+presence of the grand old painting, he was awed and silenced. It
+produced a deep impression upon his mind and heart, and for the first
+time in his life he realized the sublime in art. The figure of The Dead
+Christ seemed to be real, so painfully natural were the hanging head of
+the Savior, and the relaxed muscles of the body. The young student gazed
+long and earnestly at the picture, studying it as a whole and in detail.</p>
+
+<p>It is said that Rubens paid this picture as the price of the land on
+which he erected his house in Antwerp. In the north transept of the
+Cathedral hangs its companion piece, The Elevation of the Cross; but its
+reputation is far inferior to his masterpiece, grand as it is.</p>
+
+<p>Paul walked about the church, and examined other pictures and works of
+art; and then, after paying the keeper of the tower a franc, they
+commenced the long ascent to the spire and chimes.</p>
+
+<p>"These churches and these pictures are certainly very fine," said Paul,
+as they stopped at a window to rest. "We don't have them in our country.
+There isn't a church there that will compare with any of these
+cathedrals, to say nothing of the celebrated pictures, such as we have
+just seen."</p>
+
+<p>"That's very true; and I am thankful that our people make a better use
+of their money. Here in Belgium, as in most countries of Europe, poverty
+is the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_133" id="Page_133">[Pg 133]</a></span> curse of the people. They do not receive the reward of their
+labor. The government and the church take the lion's share of their
+earnings, and thus keep them down. This Cathedral was commenced in 1352,
+and finished in 1411, though another spire was to have been built.
+Nearly sixty years were employed in its erection, and probably it cost
+millions of dollars. Of course the people had to pay for it. The greater
+portion of the expense of it lies dormant here, it being merely an
+ornamental structure. It gratifies people's tastes, it is true; but God
+could be acceptably worshipped in a less costly edifice. If the capital
+locked up in this church had been invested in schools, colleges, and
+other educational institutions, it would be a blessing to the country.
+What is paid in Europe to build these grand structures for worship, and
+to support the trappings of royalty, is in our own country appropriated
+to public schools; and the nation reaps the benefit of them every year
+of its existence."</p>
+
+<p>"That's so," replied Paul, emphatically; "and when any foreigner says
+anything to me again about our want of costly cathedrals, I shall call
+his attention to our schools."</p>
+
+<p>"That's right; you are an American to the core," laughed the doctor.</p>
+
+<p>"But I don't see any reason why we should not have as great painters in
+the United States as in Europe," added Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"I do see the reason. Probably we have just as much talent for art in
+our nation, but the people find that it doesn't pay so well as
+developing the resources of a new country. When it is possible in
+America<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_134" id="Page_134">[Pg 134]</a></span> for a man to win the wealth and distinction which Rubens won,
+we shall be as successful in art as Europe has been; for Washington
+Allston, Benjamin West, and others have demonstrated the capacity of our
+people in this direction. The encouragement which artists receive makes
+the men. There are not many persons in our country who are willing to
+pay ten, fifty, or a hundred thousand dollars for a picture. So much
+money in a painting is dead capital among an energetic people who need
+all they can get to carry on agricultural, commercial, and manufacturing
+enterprises."</p>
+
+<p>"Of course people will follow that calling which pays best, either in
+money or in reputation."</p>
+
+<p>"Certainly, and the number of Dutch and Flemish artists assures us that
+painting has been a cherished art in the Low Countries. Vandyck was
+another celebrated painter of this country. He was born in Antwerp, and
+was a pupil of Rubens. There is a story that The Descent from the Cross
+was thrown down by the carelessness of a student, and badly injured by
+the fall. Vandyck, who was then a pupil of the great Flemish master,
+undertook to repair the mischief with his brush, and did it so well that
+Rubens declared the work was superior to his own. This story is current
+in the guide-books, and in the mouths of the <i>commissionaires</i>, who
+point out the places on the face of the Virgin and on the arm of one of
+the Marys where the pupil touched it up. But there is no truth in it,
+since the picture was hung up in the Cathedral before Vandyck entered
+the studio of Rubens."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_135" id="Page_135">[Pg 135]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I suppose these people like to tell good stories, whether true or not."</p>
+
+<p>"Yes; and you will find a man up in this steeple who believes that his
+spire is the tallest in the world," added Dr. Winstock.</p>
+
+<p>They continued on their long ascent till they reached the region of the
+bells, where they found the attendant who glories in magnifying the
+wonders of the chimes and the spire. He had a small furnished apartment,
+which the visitors were invited to enter, and where he dispensed
+refreshments, of which no total abstinence man could partake. The
+doctor, knowing what the man had to say, skilfully turned his attention
+away from his favorite topic, until they were sufficiently
+refreshed&mdash;not by the <i>eau de vie</i> and <i>noyau</i>, but by the rest&mdash;to
+explore the bell towers.</p>
+
+<p>The bells composing the chime were fixed in the lofts, which were filled
+with wires, cranks, and other machinery, used in operating them. In one
+place there was a bank of keys like those of an organ, where a person
+could play any tune he pleased upon the bells. The keeper had a history
+to relate of each bell, many of which were contributed by kings,
+princes, and lords, and bore their names. In another tower there was an
+immense bell, at the baptism of which&mdash;for church bells are duly
+consecrated in Catholic countries&mdash;the Emperor Charles V. stood as
+godfather. It requires sixteen men to ring it; but its peals rouse the
+Antwerpers only on great occasions, such as a visit of the king.</p>
+
+<p>Dr. Winstock and Paul waited among the chimes till they had played the
+hourly tune, and then contin<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_136" id="Page_136">[Pg 136]</a></span>ued their progress to the heights above.
+The custodian of the steeple said there were six hundred and sixteen
+steps from the bottom to the top, and a person does not care to make the
+journey more than once in his lifetime. The winding stairs passed close
+to the Gothic openings of the tower, and they had an opportunity closely
+to observe the delicate workmanship of the structure, which Charles V.
+said should be kept in a glass case, and Napoleon compared to Mechlin
+lace.</p>
+
+<p>At last, out of breath, they reached the highest point of the spire, and
+looked far down upon the lofty roof of the church. The buildings of the
+city looked like card houses, and a company of Belgian soldiers,
+marching in the streets, appeared like the pygmies who inhabited them.
+In the distance could be seen the towers of Ghent, Brussels, Mechlin,
+and Flushing, the wandering Scheldt, and the low country for a vast
+distance. The magnificent view, and the information it afforded, amply
+repaid them for the toil of ascending, and Paul made the Cathedral the
+subject of an entire letter to Miss Grace Arbuckle.</p>
+
+<p>It was easier to go down than to come up, and when they had passed out
+into the Place Verte, the doctor declared that he must lunch before he
+walked any farther. The Hotel de l'Europe faced the Park, and Paul was
+desirous of seeing the interior of it. They entered through an archway,
+there being no doors on the street. There was a spacious area, or
+court-yard, through which alone the house could be reached. In other
+respects the establishment was similar to those in the United States.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_137" id="Page_137">[Pg 137]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>On the continent, as in England, none but working people take breakfast
+much before nine o'clock, and the hour varies from this time till noon.
+Of late years the practice in American hotels corresponds with that of
+European ones. In the dining-room of the Hotel de l'Europe there are
+many small tables, and one or two long ones, the latter being used at
+table d'h&ocirc;te, which is served at five o'clock. A hotel bill is added, to
+give the reader an idea of the prices:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+   <h4>"HOTEL DE L'EUROPE.</h4>
+
+   <p class="center"><i>Place Verte.</i></p>
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">Anvers</span>.</h4>
+
+
+<div class='centered'>
+<table border="0" cellpadding="2" width="45%" cellspacing="0" summary="HOTEL DE L'EUROPE">
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;</td><td align='left'>Note &agrave; M. Smith,</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;</td><td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Chambre No. 40, A.</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td align='right'>Fr. Cen.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Ao&ucirc;t 4.</td><td align='left'>&frac12; Poulet et Salade,</td><td align='right'>3.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;</td><td align='left'>1 Th&eacute; Complet,</td><td align='right'>1.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;</td><td align='left'>Appartement,</td><td align='right'>2.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;</td><td align='left'>Bougie,</td><td align='right'>.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;</td><td align='left'>Service,</td><td align='right'>1.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>5.</td><td align='left'>1 D&eacute;je&ucirc;n&eacute; et Bifstek,</td><td align='right'>3.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;</td><td align='left'>1 Bifstek, Pomme de Terre,</td><td align='right'>1.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td align='right'>&mdash;&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td align='right'>13.00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;</td><td align='left'><span style="margin-left: 2em;"> Pour Acquit,</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td align='right'><span class="smcap">J. W. Barber."</span></td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<p>"One Th&eacute; Complet" consists of simply tea and bread and butter, and as a
+franc is about twenty cents, its price is thirty cents. A centime is the
+hundredth of a franc, and fifty centimes is ten cents. If the guest adds
+a beefsteak and potatoes, or any other dish, to his meal, it just
+doubles the cost. The "bougie" is a<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_138" id="Page_138">[Pg 138]</a></span> candle, which is charged all over
+Europe, at from a quarter of a franc up to a franc. The traveller also
+pays for his soap, or provides it himself. When an "old stager" pays a
+franc for a candle, or a piece of soap, he rolls the part unused up in a
+paper and puts it into his trunk; and, if at his next stopping-place, he
+finds a candle in his room, he orders the waiter to remove it, and will
+not submit to be charged for it.</p>
+
+<p>Table d'h&ocirc;te is a more formal meal, and in some large hotels much parade
+is made over it. The bill of fare is usually very meagre compared with
+that of the Fifth Avenue Hotel in New York, and every dish in the
+programme is presented to the guest. The charge for this meal, at
+first-class houses outside of Paris, is usually four francs, or eighty
+cents.</p>
+
+<p>Dr. Winstock and Paul took a seat in the <i>Salle &agrave; manger</i>. The student
+was principally anxious to know what they had to eat, and in what manner
+they served it, for he was of an inquiring mind, and fond of making
+comparisons. The most common lunch consists of cold chicken and salad,
+the latter being simply lettuce prepared with oil and vinegar. Paul was
+disappointed, for the lunch differed hardly a shade from the same thing
+at home. Even the gentlemanly Belgian waiter, dressed in seemly black,
+spoke good English, and the "demi-poulet" was wasted upon him.</p>
+
+<p>"Where shall we go now, Paul?" asked the doctor, as they left the
+dining-room.</p>
+
+<p>"I leave that to you, sir. You seem to be quite at home here," replied
+Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"We will take a carriage, and we can do up the city in a few hours."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_139" id="Page_139">[Pg 139]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>A one-horse barouche was called, and a <i>commissionaire</i>&mdash;a kind of guide
+or interpreter, who assists strangers in doing their business, or in
+seeing the sights of the city&mdash;presented himself to be employed; but Dr.
+Winstock, who was familiar with the place, declined his services.</p>
+
+<p>"What was that man?" asked Paul, as the carriage drove off to the Rue
+des S&oelig;urs Noires, where the Dominican Church of St. Paul is located.</p>
+
+<p>"He is a <i>commissionaire</i>, interpreter, or <i>valet de place</i>. Many
+travellers regard such men as swindlers; but for my own part I have
+found them very useful. When I first visited Antwerp I employed one. I
+found him intelligent and gentlemanly, and, so far as I could judge, not
+disposed to swindle me himself or to let others do so. I paid him five
+francs a day, and I am sure he saved me more money than I paid him,
+besides taking me in the easiest and most convenient way to the various
+points in the city."</p>
+
+<p>"I should think such men would be very necessary, especially to those
+who cannot speak the language."</p>
+
+<p>"In Amsterdam and Rotterdam I should have been on my beam-ends without
+them. I never could imagine where they obtained their bad name, unless
+it was from Englishmen, who are generally afraid of being cheated, and
+take the alarm before there is any real danger."</p>
+
+<p>The driver stopped before the Church of St. Paul, and the passengers
+alighted. There was nothing worthy of note in the church; but outside of
+it, in a kind of garden, one of the most singular and remarkable
+exhibitions is open to the visitor. It is called<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_140" id="Page_140">[Pg 140]</a></span> "Calvary," and is a
+representation of the "several stages," as they are termed, in the life
+of Christ. An artificial mound is raised on the side next to the church
+edifice, which is covered with a kind of rock-work, in imitation of
+Mount Calvary. In various parts of the area are placed the statues of
+saints, angels, patriarchs, and prophets.</p>
+
+<p>On the summit of the mound is represented the crucifixion, with a figure
+of the Savior on the cross. At the foot of it is the sepulchre, which is
+claimed to be a perfect copy of the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem, though
+travellers who have seen it say it bears no resemblance whatever to the
+original. In the tomb, on a kind of shelf, rests the crucified Christ,
+represented by a figure clothed in silk and muslin!</p>
+
+<p>Near the tomb an ideal of Purgatory is exhibited, consisting of wood
+carvings. The making-up of the scene appears to be a kind of cage, like
+those one sees in a menagerie, with bars in front of it to prevent the
+escape of the unhappy mortals temporarily confined there. Within the den
+are carved and painted several figures of men, in the midst of darting,
+leaping flames, upon whose faces there is an expression of intense
+anguish. Doubtless the intention of those who conceived this astounding
+exhibition was to impress upon the mind of the spectator the sufferings
+of the unrepentant wicked. It is hardly possible that this effect could
+ever have been produced upon the minds of sensible men. The spectacle is
+not only in exceedingly bad taste, but it is positively repulsive, not
+to say sacrilegious.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_141" id="Page_141">[Pg 141]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Such was the opinion of Paul Kendall, who could hardly conceal his
+disgust; and ten minutes in the place exhausted his patience. He was
+silent, so deep was his feeling of dissatisfaction, until he was again
+seated in the <i>voiture</i>. The next objects of interest were the docks and
+basins, which were reached after a short drive from St. Paul's. They
+merely passed along the quay, making no stop, as the works could be seen
+from the carriage.</p>
+
+<p>"That is the house of the Hanseatic League," said the doctor, pointing
+to a large ancient building.</p>
+
+<p>"What is the Hanseatic League?" asked Paul, who had never even heard of
+it.</p>
+
+<p>"It was a commercial alliance between some of the cities of Germany for
+the protection and development of their trade. It had its origin in the
+thirteenth century, for the purpose of preventing piracy and shipwreck,
+and to encourage commerce, and, indeed, all branches of industry. It
+established great warehouses or factories in different parts of Europe,
+and became an exceedingly powerful association, so much so that it
+dictated the policy of sovereigns on their thrones, and even declared
+and carried on war with several of the powers of Europe. In the
+fourteenth century, the League defeated the King of Norway and Sweden.
+It unseated the King of Sweden, and gave his crown to another, and
+having declared war against Denmark, sent a fleet of two hundred and
+fifty ships, and thousands of troops to carry it on. In fact, the
+association prepared for war with England, and Edward IV. made important
+concessions to avoid it. Of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_142" id="Page_142">[Pg 142]</a></span> course the crowned heads were jealous of
+its power and influence, and it was eventually broken up; but it laid
+the foundation of the commercial policy of the nations. The League died
+out in 1630; but Hamburg, Lubec, and Bremen formed a new one, under the
+name of the Hanse Towns; and Frankfort-on-the-Main afterwards joined
+them."</p>
+
+<p>"I have heard of the Hanse Towns," added Paul; "but I never knew what
+the term meant before."</p>
+
+<p>"The docks and basins here are mainly the work of Napoleon. The great
+conqueror intended to make Antwerp the first seaport of the north. The
+mouth of the Thames is less than a hundred miles from the mouth of the
+Scheldt, and he knew that, with a naval station equal to any in the
+possession of England, he could, in time of war, cripple or destroy the
+commerce of his great rival. He expended ten millions of dollars on
+these docks, basins, and fortifications. The English were alarmed, and
+in 1809 sent the Walcheren expedition, which obtained a foothold on that
+island, but were defeated by disease and death, for seven thousand
+British soldiers perished by marsh fever. By the peace of Paris in 1814,
+after the battle of Waterloo, it was stipulated that the dock-yards
+should be destroyed, for they were a standing threat to the maritime
+powers; but these basins were preserved for commercial purposes. The
+largest one will accommodate thirty-four ships of the line."</p>
+
+<p>The travellers continued on their way through some of the principal
+streets till they arrived at the Church of St. Jacques, which is richer
+in its ornaments than the Cathedral, containing exquisitely wrought
+marbles,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_143" id="Page_143">[Pg 143]</a></span> carved wood, painted glass. This magnificent church contains
+the burial vaults of the noble families of the city, and among them that
+of Rubens, which is marked by a white marble tablet with a long
+inscription upon it, embedded in the pavement of his private chapel. The
+Holy Family, which forms the altar-piece of the church, was painted by
+the great master. In 1793, when the mob, incited by the furious spirit
+of the French Revolution, broke into the church, pillaging altars and
+tombs alike, that of Rubens was spared from desecration by the universal
+respect for his memory, though not another tomb in St. Jacques escaped
+their impious touch.</p>
+
+<p>The house of Rubens, situated in a street of the same name, was visited;
+an outside view of the Bourse, or Exchange, the Hotel de Ville, or Town
+Hall, and of other public buildings, was obtained. The Citadel, built
+under the direction of the cruel Duke of Alva, to overawe the rebellious
+Antwerpers, was an object of interest. After the expulsion of the
+Spaniards in 1577, the people, including those of high and low degree,
+men, women, and children, assisted in its demolition; but it was
+speedily rebuilt, and has played an important part in subsequent sieges
+and insurrections. The city is surrounded by a continuous line of
+fortifications and ditches, extending from a point on the river below
+the city to a point above it; and outside of this line there are a
+number of detached forts to keep a hostile force from approaching near
+enough to the city to shell it.</p>
+
+<p>When the carriage reached the Quai Vandyck, most of the students had
+returned, and the boats were in<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_144" id="Page_144">[Pg 144]</a></span> waiting. They chattered like magpies
+about the wonders they had seen. When Captain Kendall went on board, the
+mail-bag was handed to him, and the boys were eager to obtain their
+letters from home and elsewhere.</p>
+
+<p>"A letter for you, Mr. Hamblin," said the captain, as he handed the
+professor a formidable envelope, postmarked "Anvers."</p>
+
+<p>The learned gentleman seemed to be astonished, and bore the missive to
+his state-room.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_145" id="Page_145">[Pg 145]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_IX" id="CHAPTER_IX"></a>CHAPTER IX.</h2>
+
+<h3>TROUBLE ON BOARD THE JOSEPHINE.</h3>
+
+
+<p>Almost every one on board of the Josephine had a letter, and some had
+two or three. Paul had one from Grace, dated at Paris, in which she
+expressed a hope that, as she was to travel a few months with her
+father, she might see him in some of her wanderings. The young captain
+hoped so too, and he read the letter a second time. Probably he read it
+a third time after he went to his state-room, and a fourth before he
+retired; for boys of his age are apt to be enthusiastic in this
+direction.</p>
+
+<p>Professor Stoute sat in the cabin. He had been all over Antwerp, and had
+walked a larger part of the distance than a man of his obesity could
+well endure in a warm day. Though he was very tired, he was very
+good-natured; indeed, thus far, nothing had ever occurred to disturb his
+equanimity. He was exceedingly popular with the boys, and if he had
+fallen overboard, every one of them would have jumped in after him. No
+one ever thought of disobeying him, and consequently he never had any
+trouble.</p>
+
+<p>While he sat there fanning himself with a newspaper, Mr. Hamblin came
+out of his state-room with the huge envelope he had received in his
+hand. The<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_146" id="Page_146">[Pg 146]</a></span> learned gentleman looked perplexed; in fact, he always wore
+an anxious expression, as though he were in constant fear that somebody
+would infringe upon his dignity, or that some of the boys did not
+believe he was the wisest man since the days of Solomon. He always
+walked just so; he always sat just so; he always moved just so. He never
+was guilty of using a doubtful expression. He was stern, rigid, and
+precise, and from the beginning all the boys had disliked him; but since
+he had behaved so unreasonably in the squall, they could hardly endure
+him.</p>
+
+<p>The lean professor walked up to the fat professor, and took a stand
+before him. He had removed the letter from the formidable envelope, and
+held it unfolded in his hand. He looked at the letter, and then at Mr.
+Stoute. The fat professor laughed, but the lean professor frowned. The
+jolly one knew just what the precise one wanted, but he waited patiently
+for the exordium.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Stoute, may I trouble you?" he began, after he had put himself in
+proper position.</p>
+
+<p>"Certainly, sir," replied the fat gentleman.</p>
+
+<p>"If this letter had been written in Greek or Latin, I could have read
+it," continued Mr. Hamblin, glancing at the sheet.</p>
+
+<p>"Precisely so; if it had been written in Greek or Latin I could not read
+it," laughed Mr. Stoute.</p>
+
+<p>"My French, as I have had occasion to acknowledge to you with deep
+humiliation, has been neglected for more important studies. This letter
+appears to have been written by some distinguished person, but
+unfortunately he has chosen to indite it in French."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_147" id="Page_147">[Pg 147]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"In a word, you wish me to read it to you."</p>
+
+<p>"That is what I was about to request of you. May I ask you to retire
+with me to our state-room?" continued Professor Hamblin, glancing at the
+officers who were reading their letters in the cabin.</p>
+
+<p>"Excuse me, Mr. Hamblin; you forget that I carry round with me two
+hundred and odd pounds of flesh, besides bone and muscle, and that I
+have been on my feet three hours. I think, sir, if I knew this vessel
+was going to the bottom of the Scheldt this instant, I should go down
+with her rather than move. Have me excused, I pray you, and have
+compassion on mine infirmities," laughed Mr. Stoute.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin was vexed, but he gave the letter to his associate, who
+turned the sheet and glanced at the signature.</p>
+
+<p>"Ah!" exclaimed he, looking at Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"What is it? Do me the favor to read it," replied the learned gentleman,
+impatiently.</p>
+
+<p>"It is from Monsieur Charles Rogier, the president of the council, and
+minister of foreign affairs," added Professor Stoute. "He is the man who
+organized the revolution of 1830, and the greatest man in Belgium, King
+Leopold excepted."</p>
+
+<p>"Is it possible!" ejaculated Mr. Hamblin, struggling to keep down the
+smile in which his vanity sought to manifest itself. "What does he say?"</p>
+
+<p>"He says that just as he was leaving Antwerp for Brussels, he heard that
+the very learned and distinguished Professor Hamblin was on board of a
+vessel at anchor in the river."</p>
+
+<p>"Does he say that?" asked the learned gentleman,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_148" id="Page_148">[Pg 148]</a></span> who, knowing that Mr.
+Stoute had a horrid vein of humor running through his fat frame, had,
+perhaps, a suspicion that he was making fun at his expense.</p>
+
+<p>"That is precisely what it says."</p>
+
+<p>"How should Mr. Rogier know me?" queried Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"I was about to read his explanation on that point: he says he heard of
+you through a friend who was in London a few weeks since. He wished to
+see you and extend to you a welcome to the kingdom of Belgium; but the
+command of his royal master required him to leave Antwerp by the next
+train; and he was deprived of the pleasure of extending to you in person
+the expression of his distinguished consideration. He hopes when you
+visit Brussels you will do him the honor to call upon him at the Palais
+de la Nation, Rue de la Soie."</p>
+
+<p>"Humph!" ejaculated the learned professor, prolonging the interjection,
+and trying to suppress the smile which had a sad tendency to overwhelm
+his dignity.</p>
+
+<p>"You are fortunate, Mr. Hamblin," added Mr. Stoute; "of course he will
+present you to King Leopold."</p>
+
+<p>"Possibly," replied the Greek <i>savant</i>, stroking his chin, and frowning,
+to counteract the sinister influence of the smile he could not wholly
+overcome.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin took the letter and read the signature. It was certainly
+"Charles Rogier," with a flourish extensive enough for any great man.
+From the letter he glanced at the fat professor, who, being always
+good-natured, was so now. He could not get rid of a<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_149" id="Page_149">[Pg 149]</a></span> lingering suspicion
+that his undignified associate was imposing upon him. It was a great
+misfortune that his own knowledge of French was so limited, and if it
+had not been so late, he would have gone on board of the ship to ask
+Professor Badois to translate the epistle to him.</p>
+
+<p>Instead of doing this, he went to the record book of the Josephine, and
+ascertained that Duncan was marked among the highest in French. Now
+Duncan was a very polite and respectful student, and Mr. Hamblin had a
+greater regard for him than for most of his companions. Finding this
+promising young man on deck, he invited him to the sacred precincts of
+the professor's state-room. Duncan was even more polite and obliging
+than usual. At the request of his present host, who did not offer any
+explanations, he wrote out a translation of the important letter. Mr.
+Hamblin thanked him, and he retired.</p>
+
+<p>There was no material difference between the translations of Mr. Stoute
+and Duncan, and the learned professor congratulated himself upon the
+distinction he had attained. His fame as a <i>savant</i> had preceded him
+across the ocean. The king's chief minister courted his acquaintance.
+This was the homage which greatness paid to learning, and Mr. Hamblin
+was willing to believe that it was a deserved tribute. He soon worked
+himself into a flutter of excitement, in anticipation of being taken by
+the hand by the king's chief minister, and he slept but little during
+the night, so absorbed was he in the contemplation of the distinguished
+honor which awaited him.</p>
+
+<p>"Professor Hamblin is going to court," said Dun<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_150" id="Page_150">[Pg 150]</a></span>can to his old friend
+the captain, when they met on deck after supper.</p>
+
+<p>"To court whom?" laughed Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"He has had an invitation to go to court to see the big bugs. I
+translated a letter for him from the minister of foreign affairs; and I
+suppose he's about the biggest toad in the Belgian puddle," added
+Duncan. "You won't be able to touch him with a ten-foot pole after
+that."</p>
+
+<p>"We shall get along very well with him, if we only do our duty," said
+Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"The fellows are not very fond of him; and if he puts on any more airs,
+they won't be able to stand it."</p>
+
+<p>"Why, what's the matter, Duncan? asked Paul, anxiously, for generally
+everything had gone on so well on board of the Josephine, that he
+dreaded any trouble.</p>
+
+<p>"O, nothing, nothing!" laughed Duncan; "only the fellows don't like
+him."</p>
+
+<p>"Ben, there's something up," said Paul, earnestly. "If the fellows think
+anything at all of me, they won't make any trouble. If I don't complain
+of Mr. Hamblin, they needn't."</p>
+
+<p>"I don't find any fault with him myself," protested Ben. "I don't like
+him, but I have always got along very well with him."</p>
+
+<p>"What did you mean by mentioning this matter to me, Ben?" asked Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"Nothing; only I shouldn't be surprised if the fellows were to haze the
+venerable patriarch a little in a quiet way. They are all down upon
+him."</p>
+
+<p>"I am sorry for that. I hope all the fellows will<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_151" id="Page_151">[Pg 151]</a></span> do their duty, and
+not get into any scrapes, replied Paul, very seriously.</p>
+
+<p>"I am sorry, but I can't say that I blame them much."</p>
+
+<p>"I shall blame them if they commit any act of disrespect," said the
+captain, decidedly. "I hope you will say what you can forward to keep
+the fellows from doing anything that would hurt Mr. Hamblin's feelings."</p>
+
+<p>"What can I do? The old fossil doesn't treat the students like
+gentlemen; and if he behaves so, what can you expect of the fellows? He
+is cross, crabbed, and tyrannical."</p>
+
+<p>"Have they just found it out?"</p>
+
+<p>"No, but they were willing to bear it rather than make any trouble on
+board. After what he did last Saturday, they are not disposed to be so
+patient; and I can't blame them much."</p>
+
+<p>"What happened last Saturday was between Mr. Hamblin and me, and the
+students needn't trouble themselves about that."</p>
+
+<p>"But the fellows all like you first rate, even the worst ones we have on
+board; and there are some pretty hard boys here," laughed Duncan.</p>
+
+<p>"If they like me, they will not get up a row."</p>
+
+<p>"I will take care that all of them know just how you feel," said Duncan,
+concluding to end the conversation at this point, for the subject of
+these remarks had just come on deck.</p>
+
+<p>The learned gentleman appeared to carry his head even higher, and to be
+more dignified, stiff, and reserved, than usual. With an invitation in
+his pocket<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_152" id="Page_152">[Pg 152]</a></span> to visit the greatest statesman in Belgium, he felt like a
+very exalted personage; for not even Mr. Lowington had been so highly
+favored. Mr. Hamblin was puffed up and swelled out by the honor the
+great man had done him, and as he walked up and down the deck, the
+students might have known by his air, if they had not been told of the
+fact, that greatness had suddenly been thrust upon him.</p>
+
+<p>It presently occurred to him that the principal had not been informed of
+the distinguished consideration in which the government of Belgium
+regarded the Josephine's senior instructor. It was important that he
+should know it, for the fact would certainly elevate him in the
+estimation of the principal, and cause him to regret that in the recent
+difficulty he had not more fully sustained his notable professor.
+Besides, he wished to make some arrangements which would permit him to
+visit the Palais de la Nation, and to dine with the minister, if he
+should be invited, as he had no doubt he should be.</p>
+
+<p>With as much sternness on his wrinkled face as he could assume, he
+walked forward to demand a boat of Captain Kendall. As he was passing in
+the waist, a coil of signal line dropped down from the gaff above,
+square upon the top of his hat, forcing it far down upon his head. Mr.
+Hamblin immediately threw himself into an undignified passion. When he
+had with some difficulty extricated his head from the linings of his
+hat, he looked up to see who had been guilty of this act of flagrant
+disrespect.</p>
+
+<p>"I beg your pardon, Mr. Hamblin," shouted Grimme, a seaman, whose legs
+were twined around<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_153" id="Page_153">[Pg 153]</a></span> the end of the gaff, while he was in the act of
+passing a signal halyard through an eye.</p>
+
+<p>The captain had received orders from the principal to have the Josephine
+ready for the visit of a distinguished person on the following day, and
+Mr. Cleats was preparing to dress the rigging.</p>
+
+<p>"You scoundrel!" roared Mr. Hamblin, gazing up at the unfortunate youth
+who had been the cause of his misfortune.</p>
+
+<p>"Did it hurt you, sir?" asked Paul, stepping up to the professor.</p>
+
+<p>"Was that done by your order, Mr. Kendall?" demanded the irate <i>savant</i>.</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir; it was not," replied Paul, blushing with indignation at such
+an insinuation.</p>
+
+<p>"It is very singular that the rope should fall just at the moment I was
+passing," added Mr. Hamblin, sourly, as he straightened out his crumpled
+tile.</p>
+
+<p>"I am sorry it occurred, sir," said Paul, who uttered no more than the
+literal truth.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin glanced around the deck at the students who were collected
+there. They did not seem to be sorry; on the contrary, there was a look
+of diabolical satisfaction in the expression of most of them, and not a
+few were actually laughing.</p>
+
+<p>"I demand the immediate punishment of the offender," said Mr. Hamblin,
+irritated by this manifestation on the part of the students.</p>
+
+<p>By this time Grimme had descended from his perilous perch, having
+completed the reeving of the halyard. Without a moment's delay, he
+hastened to the spot where the angry man stood, and touched his cap with
+the utmost deference.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_154" id="Page_154">[Pg 154]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I beg your pardon, Mr. Hamblin. I hope you will excuse me," said
+Grimme, who really wore a very troubled look.</p>
+
+<p>"You did it on purpose, you scoundrel!" growled the professor, savagely;
+for he could not fail to see the ill-suppressed chuckling of the
+students in the waist.</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir! I did not, sir!" protested Grimme. "I had the end in my mouth,
+and was just going to drop the coil when I saw you."</p>
+
+<p>"And you did drop it when you saw me."</p>
+
+<p>"I did not mean to drop it then. I was going to wait till you had
+passed; but my foot slipped, and, in catching hold of the gaff with my
+hand, I let go the coil. If I hadn't dropped it, I should have fallen
+myself," replied Grimme, who seemed determined to make the explanation
+strong enough to meet the emergency.</p>
+
+<p>"I don't believe a word of it! You meant to insult me!" exclaimed Mr.
+Hamblin, still goaded on to intemperate speech by the ill-concealed
+jeers of the students. "Mr. Kendall, it is your duty to punish that
+insolent fellow."</p>
+
+<p>"I will inquire into the matter, sir. If it appears that he did the act
+on purpose, he shall certainly be punished," replied Paul, who, after
+his conversation with Duncan, could not help suspecting that this was
+the first step in the hazing process to which his friend had alluded.</p>
+
+<p>"Inquire into it!" sneered Mr. Hamblin, with deep disgust. "I complain
+of the boy: that is enough."</p>
+
+<p>Paul did not think so; but he made no reply to the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_155" id="Page_155">[Pg 155]</a></span> angry man, though he
+ordered the alleged culprit to the mainmast, which is the locality of
+the high court on shipboard.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Kendall, I desire to have the gig, for the purpose of visiting the
+ship."</p>
+
+<p>"The gig, sir!" exclaimed Paul, to whom the professors were not in the
+habit of designating which boat they would have.</p>
+
+<p>"I said the gig, sir," repeated Mr. Hamblin, loftily.</p>
+
+<p>"I beg your pardon, sir; but the gig is the captain's boat," replied
+Paul, with deference.</p>
+
+<p>"The captain's boat!" puffed the professor.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Lowington directed me to use the first cutter for the professors,"
+added Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"Am I to understand that you again refuse me a boat?"</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir; by no means," said the captain, ready to weep with vexation at
+these disagreeable incidents.</p>
+
+<p>He turned from Mr. Hamblin, and directed the first lieutenant to pipe
+away the first cutters; and in a few moments the boat was ready. The
+fourth lieutenant was sent in charge of the cutter. The professor went
+over the side into the boat; and as he made no objections, the officers
+concluded that he did not know the difference between the gig and the
+first cutter. At certain stages of the tide, there is a three-mile
+current in the Scheldt, with strong eddies, formed by the sweep of the
+river. By a miscalculation of the coxswain, the cutter fell astern of
+the ship, and had to pull up to her, which prolonged the passage
+somewhat, thereby increasing the ill nature and impatience of Mr.
+Hamblin.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_156" id="Page_156">[Pg 156]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"In bows!" said the coxswain, as the boat approached the ship; and the
+two bowmen tossed their oars and boated them, taking position in the
+bow-grating, with the boat-hooks in their hands.</p>
+
+<p>"Way enough!" added the coxswain; and the rest of the crew tossed their
+oars.</p>
+
+<p>At the gangway of the ship stairs had been rigged, at the foot of which
+there was a platform, for the convenience of those boarding or leaving
+the ship by the boats. The bowmen fastened their boat-hooks upon the
+platform, in readiness to haul the boat alongside, so that the passenger
+could step out without inconvenience. But the current was strong, and
+some delay ensued.</p>
+
+<p>"There! let me get out!" exclaimed Mr. Hamblin, rising in the boat, and
+walking between the oarsmen to the bow.</p>
+
+<p>"Steady, sir!" said Humphreys, the officer, as he took the arm of the
+professor, to prevent him from falling.</p>
+
+<p>"Pull the boat up, so I can step out!" said Mr. Hamblin, impatiently, to
+the bowmen.</p>
+
+<p>They were hauling her up closer to the platform, against the strong
+current, which, being in a direction contrary to the wind, made
+considerable sea, causing the boat to roll and jerk uneasily. When she
+was within a couple of feet of the platform, the professor attempted to
+step out.</p>
+
+<p>"Steady, sir!" said Morgan, one of the bowmen, as Mr. Hamblin was about
+to take the step; but at that instant the boat receded from the
+platform, and the learned gentleman, with one foot on the plank and the
+other on the bow of the boat, made a very long<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_157" id="Page_157">[Pg 157]</a></span> straddle, toppled over
+into the water, and disappeared in the eddies.</p>
+
+<p>"My boat-hook broke!" protested Morgan, holding up the implement, from
+which the iron had drawn out; and after what had occurred on board of
+the consort, he probably deemed it necessary to make an immediate
+defence.</p>
+
+<p>"Man overboard!" shouted several students in the ship; and immediately
+there was an immense commotion on board of her.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin rose to the surface an instant later, and shouted for help.
+The accident was observed from the Josephine, and the gig piped away in
+double quick time.</p>
+
+<p>"Up oars! Let fall! Give way!" shouted Robinson, in the first cutter, as
+she drifted away from the gangway of the ship, without waiting for the
+orders to be repeated by the coxswain.</p>
+
+<p>A few vigorous strokes of the oars brought the cutter to the spot where
+the professor was struggling with the dirty current. The bowmen seized
+him by the collar, and the crew, after no little labor, owing to the
+excitement of the unfortunate gentleman, succeeded in getting him into
+the boat. He was placed in the stern sheets, and Robinson afforded him
+such assistance as the circumstances would permit.</p>
+
+<p>The gig, with Paul and Pelham on board, was darting through the current
+towards the first cutter. It was too late to be of any service; but it
+continued on its way, and the captain manifested his interest and
+sympathy as well as he could. Mr. Hamblin pressed the water from his
+hair, wiped his face with his wet<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_158" id="Page_158">[Pg 158]</a></span> handkerchief, and otherwise
+endeavored to remove the effects of his involuntary bath. He seemed to
+be, thus far, no worse for the disaster; but he directed Robinson to
+return directly to the Josephine, for obvious reasons.</p>
+
+<p>The two boats came alongside together; and this time the professor,
+notwithstanding the discomfort of his condition, made no undue haste to
+leave the cutter before she was properly secured.</p>
+
+<p>"I am very sorry indeed for your misfortune, sir," said Paul, politely,
+when he met Mr. Hamblin on deck.</p>
+
+<p>"Perhaps you are!" replied he, rushing down the cabin stairs, bestowing
+hardly a glance upon the sympathizing commander.</p>
+
+<p>He went to his state-room, and made an entire change of his clothing.
+The weather was warm, and he suffered no serious consequences.</p>
+
+<p>"You are a very unfortunate person, Mr. Hamblin," said his associate
+instructor, when the <i>savant</i>, clean and dry, emerged from the
+state-room.</p>
+
+<p>"It was done on purpose, Mr. Stoute," replied he, solemnly, with
+compressed lips.</p>
+
+<p>"O, no! It couldn't be!" protested the fat professor. "You are simply
+unfortunate. First, a coil of rope falls on your head, and then you fall
+overboard. You should be careful."</p>
+
+<p>"Has that student been punished for throwing the rope upon me?"</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir. I stood by during the investigation at the mainmast. It could
+not be proved that the act was done on purpose; and, for my part, I did
+not believe it was."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_159" id="Page_159">[Pg 159]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I am very confident it was. I can read the expression on the faces of
+the boys; and I am certain there is a conspiracy among them to knock out
+my brains or drown me in the river."</p>
+
+<p>"Boys will be boys, and they are very prone to look at the ludicrous
+aspect of an accident," added the stout professor. "I should not give a
+serious interpretation to any little signs of mirth I happened to see."</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Stoute, you allow yourself to be hoodwinked, deceived, overwhelmed,
+by these artful boys. You should maintain more dignity in your
+intercourse with them."</p>
+
+<p>"There is a true and a false dignity, Mr. Hamblin. I shall endeavor to
+avoid the one, and cling to the other," replied Mr. Stoute, warmly, but
+good-naturedly.</p>
+
+<p>"You are aware that I asked for the gig before I started for the ship?"
+continued Mr. Hamblin, impressively.</p>
+
+<p>"I am; and I was also aware that the first cutter had been appropriated
+to the use of the instructors."</p>
+
+<p>"I demanded the gig. It was refused. What did that mean?"</p>
+
+<p>"It meant just what the captain said&mdash;that the principal required him to
+furnish the first cutter for our use."</p>
+
+<p>"That is not what it meant," persisted Mr. Hamblin. "The crew of the
+first cutter had been instructed to tip me into the river. When I called
+for the gig, it deranged the plan. I am only sorry that I did not refuse
+to take the cutter, and insist upon having the gig; but I do not wish to
+make trouble."</p>
+
+<p>"But why did you ask for the gig?"<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_160" id="Page_160">[Pg 160]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Because I saw Morgan, who, I knew, belonged in the cutter, laughing
+when the rope fell on my head. He would as lief drown me as not."</p>
+
+<p>"I think you misjudge the boys."</p>
+
+<p>"I am surprised that one who has been a teacher as long as you have does
+not understand boys any better," replied Mr. Hamblin, coldly. "I am
+satisfied that Kendall is at the bottom of all this mischief."</p>
+
+<p>"I am very sure he is not," said Mr. Stoute, decidedly.</p>
+
+<p>"The crew of the cutter had been prepared for their work."</p>
+
+<p>It was surprising that two men who had been among boys so long took such
+opposite views of them; but the difference of opinion was more in the
+men than in the boys.</p>
+
+<p>These events were the staple of conversation on deck and in the steerage
+among the crew; and some of the better boys heard certain indefinite
+remarks about "the first step" and "the second step," used by "our
+fellows;" but no real friend of law and order discovered anything which
+threw any new light upon the two misfortunes that had overtaken the
+senior professor, though there was a suspicion that these were the first
+and second steps hinted at by the doubtful ones.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_161" id="Page_161">[Pg 161]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_X" id="CHAPTER_X"></a>CHAPTER X.</h2>
+
+<h3>WHO WAS CAPTAIN OF THE JOSEPHINE?</h3>
+
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin, as before intimated, did not sleep well on the night in
+question. The burden of being called to the state department, and even
+to the royal palaces of Belgium, was very trying to his nerves. When he
+slept, it was only to dream of the great statesman and revolutionary
+leader of the Low Countries, in the act of taking him by the hand or of
+presenting him to his majesty Leopold, "Roi de Belge."</p>
+
+<p>He prepared himself with great care, in his reflections, for the
+stupendous occasion. He studied up courtly bows, and imagined just how
+he would look when in the act of making one of them. He pictured to
+himself various graceful gestures which he intended to use, in order to
+impress upon the great man the dignity of his character. He arranged the
+little tableau of his presentation to the king, with all the speeches,
+interludes, and movements. If the king said certain things, he should
+say certain other things in reply; and when the interview ended, he was
+with becoming grace to back out of the royal presence.</p>
+
+<p>Leopold, "Roi de Belge," would probably inform him that he had, either
+directly or through his faithful<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_162" id="Page_162">[Pg 162]</a></span> minister, heard of the distinguished
+Greek <i>savant</i>; that he had seen or heard of the Greek Grammar he had
+published, the Greek Reader he had compiled, and the Anabasis he had
+edited and annotated. It was more than probable that there were copies
+of these learned and valuable works in the Royal Library; for no library
+could be complete without them. If they were there, the king would
+graciously inform him of the fact, as the highest compliment that could
+be paid to his fame as a Greek scholar. To all this, with his left hand
+upon his heart, with his right extended, palm prone, at an angle of
+forty-five degrees with his perpendicular, his body bent in a courteous
+but dignified bow, he was to reply that his majesty did him too much
+honor. It would be necessary to deprecate, in some degree, the
+distinguished consideration awarded to him, and to declare his own
+unworthiness of the king's notice and favor.</p>
+
+<p>Then, perhaps, the royal Leopold would present him a snuff-box, studded
+with pearls, diamonds, and rubies,&mdash;monarchs have a habit of presenting
+snuffboxes to men who do not take snuff,&mdash;in token of his princely
+appreciation of the learning of the distinguished American professor.
+Or, perhaps, "Le Roi de Belge" would inform him that he desired to
+promote the study of the Greek language and literature in his kingdom,
+and that he was graciously pleased to appoint him Inspector of Greek, or
+Librarian of the Greek portion of the Royal Library, with no active duty
+but that of collecting his salary of twenty thousand francs&mdash;liberal
+princes, as rich as Leopold was reputed to be, often spent their money
+more fool<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_163" id="Page_163">[Pg 163]</a></span>ishly than this, in rewarding distinguished men of learning.</p>
+
+<p>The learned gentleman did not feel a very strong confidence that the
+king would thus reward his forty years' patient study of the Greek; but
+<i>if</i> he should conclude to behave in this rather erratic but highly
+honorable manner, it would give him a pleasant opportunity of waiting
+upon Mr. Lowington in his cabin, and politely informing him that he
+could no longer endure the insults of the Josephines, or countenance
+their want of appreciation of the privilege of having such a professor
+of Greek as he was; and that he felt compelled to resign his present
+position, in order that "Le Roi de Belge" might avail himself of his
+valuable services.</p>
+
+<p>It would be delightful to make such a call upon the principal of the
+academy squadron. It would be a grand occasion for a display of dignity.
+He did not feel that such a pleasant event was likely to occur; but it
+was not impossible. The fame of his Grammar and other works might have
+come over the Atlantic while he was transplanting Greek roots in the
+hard heads of stupid boys. He felt that he deserved some higher token of
+public appreciation than had yet been bestowed upon him. Why should the
+Secretary of Foreign Affairs send an autograph letter to him, unless
+some especial notice was to be taken of him?</p>
+
+<p>An audible voice seemed to say, "Go up higher, friend;" but, alas! that
+was only the snoring of Professor Stoute, in the berth above him, which
+his fancy had incorporated into words. There was no voice<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_164" id="Page_164">[Pg 164]</a></span>&mdash;only the
+guttural sounds of his obese room-mate, who was so tired that he
+breathed with unwonted labor in his sleep. There was no poetry in the
+snoring of his companion, and the vision was rudely dissolved by the
+reality. But the invitation to go to court was in his pocket: he could
+not be cheated out of that, or of his brilliant expectations. Leopold
+might do the handsome thing, at least as to the snuff-box. It was rather
+awkward, in view of the approaching interview, that he could not speak
+French; but the king had lived in London for a time, and doubtless spoke
+English fluently. Of course the Minister of Foreign Affairs could speak
+English; but even if he did not, they could meet on the same level in
+Latin or Greek.</p>
+
+<p>Professor Hamblin did not sleep very well; and he did not sleep any
+better because Mr. Stoute slept so well, and made the state-room
+sonorous with the richest base snoring that ever tormented a nervous
+man. Indeed, the heavy sleeper made it so lively for the light sleeper
+that the latter was two or three times goaded to the alternative of
+waking the former, or abandoning the room.</p>
+
+<p>In the course of the night the learned professor had polished up all his
+little speeches to be recited before the minister, and probably before
+the king; had nicely adjusted all his bows and gestures, and laid up a
+magazine of expedients for possible emergencies, such as the presence of
+the Duke of Brabant, Prince Leopold, and even of "La Reine de Belge;"
+but the dreamer was glad when the morning came; for the night had been
+very long, though he had probably slept three quarters of the time;
+gladder still when he heard the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_165" id="Page_165">[Pg 165]</a></span> water splashing on the deck above him,
+as the watch washed down the quarter-deck, for now he could get up. He
+did get up, and went out to taste the freshness of the early air.</p>
+
+<p>The young seamen had finished their labor on the quarters, and were at
+work in the waist. A kind of force-pump, or fire-engine, was attached to
+the Josephine, to save labor in washing down the decks, and to be used
+in case of fire below. It was provided with a sufficient length of hose
+to reach all parts of the vessel, and was worked by a single brake,
+manned by four hands. With this apparatus the boys were deluging the
+decks with water, one of them holding the pipe, and half a dozen
+scrubbing the planks with long-handled brushes.</p>
+
+<p>A fire-engine, or indeed anything that will squirt, is a great luxury to
+the boys, with whom "running with the machine" is a constitutional
+tendency. The novelty of the Josephine's force-pump had not yet worn
+away, and it contributed in no small degree to alleviate the hard and
+ungentlemanly labor of washing down decks.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin was not a boy, and he had a constitutional dislike of
+fire-engines and all hydraulic apparatus, partly, perhaps, because the
+boys liked it. The quarter-deck was still wet with the drenching it had
+received, and the professor did not like to dampen his feet on the one
+hand, or retreat to the close cabin on the other. He did what Americans
+are very apt to do when situated between the two horns of a dilemma&mdash;he
+compromised between the difficulties by seating himself on the fife-rail
+between a couple of belaying-pins.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_166" id="Page_166">[Pg 166]</a></span> He was careful to place himself
+abaft the mainmast, so that the wicked engine would not spatter him.</p>
+
+<p>He sat on the fife-rail and began to think of the king and the minister
+again; but his reflections this time were very brief, and if his fancy
+burned again with glowing anticipation, the flame was suddenly quenched
+by a stream of water directed at the foot of the mast, which spattered
+his lower extremities very badly.</p>
+
+<p>"What are you about, you rascal?" roared the learned gentleman,
+springing from his perch to the deck.</p>
+
+<p>But it would have been better for him to remain where he was, for the
+instant his feet struck the deck, the full force of the stream from the
+hose-pipe saluted him squarely in the face, filling his mouth with
+water, and well nigh overthrowing him with its violence. This was a sad
+accident. McDougal, one of the quartermasters, held the pipe. At the
+moment the professor sprang from the fife-rail, the hoseman was looking
+behind him, his attention having been called away from his work by a
+remark of one of the hands at the brake.</p>
+
+<p>"What do you mean, you rascal?" sputtered Mr. Hamblin, attempting to
+free his mouth of the dirty Scheldt water which had been forced into it.</p>
+
+<p>"That's number three," whispered one of the brake-men to another.</p>
+
+<p>"Hush up!" replied the one addressed, from the corner of his mouth.</p>
+
+<p>McDougal dropped the hose, and rushed aft to the place where the unhappy
+<i>savant</i> stood.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_167" id="Page_167">[Pg 167]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"You impertinent puppy!" cried Mr. Hamblin, soiling his white
+handkerchief with the foul water upon his face.</p>
+
+<p>"O, dear! What have I done!" groaned McDougal, clasping his hands in an
+agony of dismay. "I beg your pardon! I didn't see you, sir. O, what have
+I done!" And the wretched hoseman actually threw himself on his knees
+upon the wet deck, and implored the forgiveness of the injured magnate
+of the school-room.</p>
+
+<p>"You meant to do it!" exclaimed the implacable pedagogue.</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir! Indeed, I did not! Won't you forgive me?" pleaded McDougal,
+still upon his knees.</p>
+
+<p>"What does all this mean?" demanded Pelham, who was officer of the deck,
+as he rushed to the spot from the topgallant forecastle, where he had
+gone to keep out of the way of the splashing waters.</p>
+
+<p>"O, Mr. Pelham," groaned the hoseman, "I am so sorry!"</p>
+
+<p>"Get up!" said Pelham to the culprit, sternly, for anything like
+servility was very disgusting to him, and probably he had his own views
+in regard to Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>McDougal obeyed this imperative command, and though, ordinarily, a young
+man of nerve and of much self-possession, he appeared to be trembling
+with apprehension. His lips quivered, his knees smote against each
+other, and he stood wringing his hands, apparently in the most abject
+terror.</p>
+
+<p>"I didn't mean to do it, Mr. Pelham," chattered the miserable hoseman.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_168" id="Page_168">[Pg 168]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Pelham, in my opinion this act was deliberately contrived and
+carried out," said Mr. Hamblin, severely, though he was evidently
+somewhat moved by the misery of the culprit.</p>
+
+<p>"I am very sorry for it, sir, whether it was done on purpose or by
+accident," replied Pelham. "Where were you, sir, when it happened?"</p>
+
+<p>"I was sitting on that frame," answered Mr. Hamblin, pointing to the
+place.</p>
+
+<p>"On the fife-rail?"</p>
+
+<p>"Yes; if that is the name of the frame."</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir; and he was behind the mast, and I didn't see him," pleaded
+McDougal. "I saw some dirt on deck at the foot of the mast, and I threw
+the stream there. I couldn't see Mr. Hamblin&mdash;indeed I couldn't, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"I would not complain of the act if that had been all, for I was simply
+spattered; but when I stepped down, the stream was directed full into my
+face."</p>
+
+<p>"I didn't mean to do it, sir. One of the brake-men hollered to me, and I
+turned to see what he wanted, and when I did so, I raised up the hose;
+and I suppose that's what made the stream hit Mr. Hamblin in the face,"
+groaned McDougal.</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir," interposed the brakeman, who had designated the act as
+"number three." "I saw Mr. Hamblin, and I sung out to McDougal to turn
+the hose. He turned round and asked me what I said, and before I could
+answer Mr. Hamblin cried out to him."</p>
+
+<p>"So far as I can see, it appears to be an accident,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_169" id="Page_169">[Pg 169]</a></span> sir," added Pelham;
+"but I will report it to the captain."</p>
+
+<p>"O, Mr. Pelham, don't report me to the captain!" begged McDougal. "He
+will send me back to the ship. I didn't mean to do it; it was an
+accident."</p>
+
+<p>"It is useless to report it to the captain," said the professor, with a
+palpable sneer.</p>
+
+<p>"Thank you, sir; you will forgive me, sir?" moaned the culprit.</p>
+
+<p>"I am willing to forgive you if it was an accident," replied the
+<i>savant</i>, more graciously.</p>
+
+<p>"It was an accident, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"It is very singular that so many accidents happen to me," said the
+professor, knitting his brow, and looking very savage, when he recalled
+the events of the preceding evening. "This is the third time within half
+a day that an accident has occurred to me."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin walked off, and descended to the cabin to change his clothes
+again. The suit in which he had fallen overboard had been dried at the
+cook's galley, and was in condition for use. While changing his
+garments, he recited to Mr. Stoute the new misfortune that had overtaken
+him.</p>
+
+<p>Pelham sharply questioned the hands who had been concerned in the
+outrage; but McDougal, who appeared to be the only one implicated in the
+deed, protested that the circumstances were just as he had stated them;
+nothing could be proved, for the boys all agreed in their statements.
+The case was therefore dismissed, to be called up again by the captain,
+if he thought proper to do so. McDougal walked forward to pick up the
+hose-pipe again, and as he met the brakeman<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_170" id="Page_170">[Pg 170]</a></span> who had exhibited some
+intelligence before, he gave him a very sly wink.</p>
+
+<p>The officer of the watch was more than suspicious. He was an old hand at
+mischief himself, and not easily hoodwinked by "our fellows." He could
+not help thinking that McDougal had overdone his part, for a bold young
+man, like him, would not behave so much like a coward under any
+circumstances. Just before breakfast time the captain and first
+lieutenant came on deck together, and Pelham reported "number three" to
+them.</p>
+
+<p>"It was not an accident," exclaimed Paul, indignantly.</p>
+
+<p>"I don't think it was myself," replied Pelham. "But at the same time,
+what can you do? You can't prove that it was done on purpose."</p>
+
+<p>"I had a hint from Duncan that the fellows intended to haze Mr. Hamblin,
+and if this thing isn't stopped in the beginning, there is no knowing
+where it will end," continued Paul, decidedly. "You will pipe to muster
+the first thing after breakfast, Mr. Terrill."</p>
+
+<p>The young commander was entirely satisfied in his own mind that the
+unpleasant incident of the morning was a part of the hazing programme,
+if the two on the preceding evening were not. He had already decided to
+take prompt action, and put a stop to the disgraceful proceedings.</p>
+
+<p>After breakfast, agreeably to the order, all hands were piped to muster.
+The two professors had come on deck to ascertain the cause of this
+movement. They had had a long talk together about the second<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_171" id="Page_171">[Pg 171]</a></span> drenching
+of the senior, and Mr. Stoute was obliged to conclude that the deed had
+been wilfully done. He acknowledged as much as this, and felt, as the
+captain did, that prompt action was necessary; but to his surprise, Mr.
+Hamblin took opposite ground towards the latter part of the interview,
+and declared that McDougal, on his knees, had begged his pardon. The
+learned gentleman appeared to be determined to keep his opinion at
+variance with that of his associate.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin was one of those old fogies who could not appreciate
+manliness in a boy. He demanded abject servility and pusillanimous
+crouching on the part of an offender. When he frowned, the boy ought to
+wither with fear rather than with the consciousness of guilt. McDougal
+had thrown himself into a becoming attitude, in his estimation; had
+groaned, trembled, and cringed. He was willing to forgive McDougal, and
+had intimated as much as this to him before he left the deck.</p>
+
+<p>The young commander took his place on the hatch, and made quite a
+telling speech in regard to what he termed the disgraceful proceeding
+which had occurred on board. He solemnly warned the boys that he would
+not tolerate anything irregular and disorderly.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Terrill, you will pipe away the second cutters," he continued,
+turning to the first lieutenant.</p>
+
+<p>The crew of the boat were piped away, the cutter lowered, and they took
+their places in her. The second lieutenant was detailed to take charge
+of her, and waited near the captain for his orders.</p>
+
+<p>"Pass the word for McDougal," added the captain, when the second cutter
+was ready, as he stepped down<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_172" id="Page_172">[Pg 172]</a></span> from the hatch, and stood at the foot of
+the mainmast.</p>
+
+<p>The culprit came forward, and touched his cap to the captain.</p>
+
+<p>"For your conduct this morning to Mr. Hamblin I shall send you on board
+of the ship," said Paul, in firm and decided tones.</p>
+
+<p>"I couldn't help it, Captain Kendall," pleaded McDougal; but he
+exhibited none of the servility which had characterized his demeanor to
+the professor; he knew the captain too well to resort to such an
+expedient.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Perhaps</i> you could not," replied Paul, pointedly. "<i>Perhaps</i> you could
+not; but you were very careless."</p>
+
+<p>"I didn't mean to do it," added McDougal.</p>
+
+<p>"I do not say that you did. If the professor cannot walk the deck
+without being drenched with water, it is time those who are so careless
+should be sent out of the Josephine."</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Hamblin was behind the mast, and I thought he had gone below, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"I have no time nor inclination to argue the matter. If you think any
+injustice has been done to you, the principal will hear your complaint,
+and I shall be as willing as you are to abide by his decision. Mr.
+Martyn, you will report the case as it is to Mr. Lowington. McDougal,
+consider yourself under arrest, and take your place in the boat."</p>
+
+<p>The culprit wanted to say something more, but Paul ordered him into the
+boat with an emphasis which he did not deem it prudent to disregard.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_173" id="Page_173">[Pg 173]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall," said Professor Hamblin, stepping up to the young
+commander, "I request that you will detain that boat for a moment or
+two."</p>
+
+<p>"Certainly, sir, if you desire it," replied Paul, giving the necessary
+order.</p>
+
+<p>"May I ask for a few moments' private conversation with you?" added the
+professor, as he led the way aft.</p>
+
+<p>The learned gentleman seemed to be considerably excited, and conducted
+the captain to the taffrail.</p>
+
+<p>"I protest against your action in this matter," said he, warmly, when
+they were out of hearing of others.</p>
+
+<p>"Indeed, sir! I supposed you would protest if I did not take decided
+action."</p>
+
+<p>"I am sorry to feel obliged to say, that you do not use good judgment in
+this case," continued Mr. Hamblin, solemnly. "When that rope was thrown
+upon me, you took no notice of it. I do not hear that the crew of the
+first cutter have been called to account for their carelessness in
+throwing me into the water last night; but, in this instance, where the
+guilty party has begged my pardon on his bended knees, and shown a
+degree of sorrow which it would be inhuman to disregard, you resort to
+the severest punishment known on board."</p>
+
+<p>"You will excuse me, Mr. Hamblin, but I think my action is fully
+justified by the circumstances."</p>
+
+<p>"I think not. You are extremely severe in this case, while the more
+flagrant act of throwing me into the river, whether it was a wilful or a
+careless one, was passed over in silence."</p>
+
+<p>"It was not passed over in silence. I examined<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_174" id="Page_174">[Pg 174]</a></span> the officer of the boat,
+and I found that the accident was caused by the breaking of a boat-hook
+in the hands of one of the bowmen. If you will pardon me for being
+entirely candid with you, Mr. Hamblin, the mishap was caused by your own
+carelessness, rather than by that of the boat's crew."</p>
+
+<p>"Do you mean to insult me?" demand the professor, angrily.</p>
+
+<p>"Most assuredly not, sir. If you had kept your seat in the stern-sheets
+of the boat, as a passenger should, until the cutter was properly
+secured, you could not possibly have fallen overboard when the boat-hook
+broke," answered Paul, gently and firmly.</p>
+
+<p>"I do not ask your judgment upon my actions, Mr. Kendall," growled the
+professor.</p>
+
+<p>"Excuse me, sir; but I alluded to your movement only in defence of the
+boat's crew. If the bowmen had actually intended to throw you into the
+water, they could not have done it if you had kept your seat."</p>
+
+<p>"It is not proper for you to criticise my action."</p>
+
+<p>Paul bowed, and made no reply.</p>
+
+<p>"I protest against your action in punishing McDougal. He apologized to
+my satisfaction; and, as this is an affair personal with me, I am
+surprised at your taking any step without consulting me."</p>
+
+<p>"It is a case which affects the discipline of the vessel; and, as such,
+it was proper that I should dispose of it."</p>
+
+<p>"It was a personal matter, I say," repeated the professor, growing more
+wrathy when he found his mighty will opposed.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_175" id="Page_175">[Pg 175]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I have such information, sir, as leads me to believe that the act of
+this morning was intentional."</p>
+
+<p>"That's a want of judgment on your part, and I protest against your
+action. I object to your sending McDougal to the ship, and I demand that
+your order be rescinded."</p>
+
+<p>"I shall send him to the ship, sir!" replied Paul, decidedly, his cheek
+coloring.</p>
+
+<p>"Shall you! Do you mean to insult me?"</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir; I repeat that I do not mean to insult you."</p>
+
+<p>"I say that boy ought not to be sent to the ship. Why, such a lack of
+judgment&mdash;"</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Hamblin, I command this vessel!" exclaimed Paul, with native
+dignity.</p>
+
+<p>"Do you, indeed?"</p>
+
+<p>"I am responsible for all I do to Mr. Lowington. You will oblige me by
+not interfering with the discipline of the crew."</p>
+
+<p>"How dare you use such language to me?" snapped the professor, dancing
+about the deck with rage.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Terrill, direct Mr. Martyn to pull to the ship, and execute my
+order as I gave it."</p>
+
+<p>"This is infamous!" stormed Mr. Hamblin. "Am I to be snubbed by a boy,
+by one of my own pupils?"</p>
+
+<p>"I have nothing more to say, Mr. Hamblin," continued Paul, bowing and
+moving away.</p>
+
+<p>"Stop, you puppy!" roared Mr. Hamblin, following him, and speaking loud
+enough for all the officers to hear his offensive remark.</p>
+
+<p>"Come, come, Mr. Hamblin, you are disgracing yourself," interposed Mr.
+Stoute.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_176" id="Page_176">[Pg 176]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"The puppy!" gasped Mr. Hamblin. "He insulted me!"</p>
+
+<p>"Don't lower yourself in the eyes of your pupils by such undignified
+conduct."</p>
+
+<p>"Am I to be insulted by a boy?" replied Mr. Hamblin, breaking away from
+his associate.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Terrill, send Mr. Cleats and Mr. Gage aft," said Captain Kendall,
+hardly able to speak, so violent were his emotions.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Kendall&mdash;"</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall, if you please," interposed Paul, as the professor,
+boiling over with rage, rushed up to him.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Mister</i> Kendall, I will&mdash;"</p>
+
+<p>"One word, Mr. Hamblin, before you proceed any farther," continued Paul,
+struggling to be calm.</p>
+
+<p>"Here, sir," reported the adult carpenter and boatswain.</p>
+
+<p>"Stand by; I may want you," replied Captain Kendall. "Mr. Hamblin," he
+proceeded, turning to the furious professor, "if you venture to call me
+a puppy again, or to use any other offensive epithet, I will order the
+carpenter and boatswain to arrest you. I will send you in irons on board
+the ship. I beg to remind you again that I am the captain of this
+vessel."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin glanced at him, and then at the stalwart forward officers,
+who, he knew, would obey the captain if the Josephine went down with
+them in the act. If he did not feel that he had done wrong, he felt that
+he could do nothing more. Professor Stoute again interposed his good
+offices, and Mr. Hamblin defeated<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_177" id="Page_177">[Pg 177]</a></span>&mdash;by himself rather than the
+captain&mdash;bolted from the group, and rushed down into the cabin.</p>
+
+<p>The entire ship's company had crowded aft to witness this exciting
+scene.</p>
+
+<p>"Three cheers for Captain Kendall!" shouted a daring fellow. "One!"</p>
+
+<p>They were given, in spite of Paul's cry for "silence," and then the crew
+scattered. The young commander looked very pale, and went below attended
+by Terrill, who had noticed his ghastly expression. He retired to his
+state-room, and but for his friend's efforts would have fainted away, so
+terribly had he suffered during the painful scene.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_178" id="Page_178">[Pg 178]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XI" id="CHAPTER_XI"></a>CHAPTER XI.</h2>
+
+<h3>ON THE WAY TO GHENT.</h3>
+
+
+<p>"You have made a very great mistake, Mr. Hamblin," said Professor Stoute,
+when they reached their state-room.</p>
+
+<p>"Do you take part with the students, Mr. Stoute?" snapped the angry
+<i>savant</i>.</p>
+
+<p>The good-natured instructor concluded that it would be useless for him
+to say anything while his associate continued in such an unhappy frame
+of mind; and he condemned himself to silence for the present. It was
+plain enough to him that the crew of the Josephine were in a state of
+mutiny, so far as Mr. Hamblin was concerned, and, that the academic
+discipline of the vessel was at an end. If he understood the humor of
+the boys, they would refuse to obey the professor of Greek. There must
+be a settlement of this serious difficulty before anything more could be
+done.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin was silent also for a time. It would have been curious to
+know what he thought of himself at that particular moment, though
+doubtless he fully justified his conduct and regarded himself as an
+injured man. A gentleman so profoundly skilled in Greek as he was, with
+an invitation in his pocket to visit the king's chief minister, ought
+not to be ex<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_179" id="Page_179">[Pg 179]</a></span>pected to submit to the snubbing of a mere boy. The two
+professors sat in the state-room till the silence became painful, and
+till the anger of Mr. Hamblin had in a measure subsided.</p>
+
+<p>"I did not expect to see you take part with the boys, Mr. Stoute," said
+the learned gentleman, in a grieved tone.</p>
+
+<p>"If I take any part at all, I hope it will be on the right side,"
+replied Mr. Stoute.</p>
+
+<p>"Which means, I suppose, that I am on the wrong side," replied Mr.
+Hamblin, with a heavy sigh.</p>
+
+<p>"It means exactly that," added the other, candidly.</p>
+
+<p>"You think, then, that the boys have done precisely right&mdash;do you?"</p>
+
+<p>"Without saying that, I am compelled to believe you were in the wrong."</p>
+
+<p>"That boy threatened to arrest me," continued Mr. Hamblin, with
+something like a shudder; "and all the crew gave three cheers for
+Captain Kendall!"</p>
+
+<p>"I could hardly resist the temptation to join with them in giving the
+cheers," replied Mr. Stoute, consolingly. "The conduct of Captain
+Kendall filled me with admiration."</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Stoute, do you consider that a proper remark to make to me?"</p>
+
+<p>"You will not understand anything but the plainest speech, and I intend
+to be perfectly candid with you. You interfered with the discipline of
+the vessel, and because the captain respectfully declined to recall the
+boat, you threw yourself into a passion, and behaved in a most
+ungentlemanly and undignified manner. Positively, sir, I am ashamed of
+you! You called the captain a puppy, sir!"<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_180" id="Page_180">[Pg 180]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"He's only a boy," answered Mr. Hamblin, in whom this plain talk seemed
+to create a doubt in regard to his conduct.</p>
+
+<p>"Any boy has the right to be treated like a gentleman when he behaves
+like one, even if his opinion does not agree with our own; and
+especially is this true of the captain."</p>
+
+<p>"He was utterly lacking in judgment. The conduct of McDougal was a
+personal matter, and Mr. Kendall should have consulted me."</p>
+
+<p>"Allowing that the captain was wrong,&mdash;though I do not think that he was
+wrong,&mdash;it does not improve the aspect of your conduct."</p>
+
+<p>"You think Mr. Lowington will not sustain me&mdash;do you?"</p>
+
+<p>"Certainly not."</p>
+
+<p>"I could hardly expect it, since he has a much higher regard for that
+boy than for me," sighed Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"It is eight o'clock, and time for the recitations to commence," said
+Mr. Stoute, consulting his watch. "You must decide at once what you
+intend to do."</p>
+
+<p>"What shall I do?" asked Mr. Hamblin, who had become fully conscious
+that he had involved himself in another "unpleasantness," and that the
+powers that be, unmindful of his claims, would probably decide against
+him.</p>
+
+<p>"Shall we hear the recitations? Are you willing to go into the steerage,
+and proceed with your classes?"</p>
+
+<p>"I am."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Stoute had his doubts whether it would be pru<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_181" id="Page_181">[Pg 181]</a></span>dent for him to do so;
+but he was satisfied that Captain Kendall could control the crew, even
+if they attempted a demonstration against the unpopular instructor.</p>
+
+<p>"If I had made so great a blunder as you have, Mr. Hamblin," added
+Professor Stoute, "I should go to the captain, and apologize to him."</p>
+
+<p>"Apologize to him!" exclaimed the <i>savant</i>.</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"To that boy, who insulted me, who threatened to arrest me, and send me
+in irons to the ship, who had the impudence to tell me that <i>he</i> was the
+captain of this vessel! No, sir!"</p>
+
+<p>"Very well, sir; suit yourself; I am going to the steerage to attend to
+my classes."</p>
+
+<p>Without waiting for his associate's final decision as to what he
+intended to do, Mr. Stoute left the state-room. By this time Paul had
+recovered from the faintness which had oppressed him, and had ordered
+the first lieutenant to "pipe to recitations."</p>
+
+<p>"Are we to go on with the studies as usual, Captain Kendall?" asked Mr.
+Stoute, who could not help taking the hand of the young commander and
+warmly pressing it, though without any allusion in words to Professor
+Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"Certainly, sir; the students will not be allowed to neglect any regular
+duty," replied Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"After the cheers which were given on deck, there is danger of a
+disturbance."</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir; I think not. If any officer or seaman makes a disturbance, he
+shall be put under arrest instantly."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_182" id="Page_182">[Pg 182]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"But suppose they all do it in concert."</p>
+
+<p>"They will not, sir;" but Paul spoke in hope rather than in faith, and
+dreaded the demonstration suggested by the professor.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Stoute went into the steerage. The students were all there,
+including the crew of the cutter which had conveyed McDougal to the
+ship. They were more quiet and orderly than usual; but the calm often
+precedes the storm. Captain Kendall passed into the steerage, and his
+appearance was the signal for a general clapping of the hands, in which
+all the officers joined. That he had won the day in his dispute with the
+obnoxious professor; that he had threatened to arrest Mr. Hamblin, and
+send him in irons to the ship; that he had actually called the willing
+carpenter and boatswain to execute the anticipated order,&mdash;were more
+than enough to make the captain a hero with the ship's company. Boys
+worship pluck, and are not always particular that it should be displayed
+in a good cause.</p>
+
+<p>"Silence, if you please," said Paul, moved by the applause of the
+students.</p>
+
+<p>Silence came instantly, for the captain was a "little god" just then,
+and had more influence over the ship's company at that moment than ever
+before. It is true they regretted the fate of poor McDougal, but there
+was not one of them who did not believe that the captain was right in
+his estimate of the culprit's guilt.</p>
+
+<p>"I wish to ask a favor of you," continued Paul, in a rather embarrassed
+tone.</p>
+
+<p>A clapping of hands assured him that he could ask no favor that would
+not be unanimously granted.</p>
+
+<p>"Whatever happens, I wish you to make no dis<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_183" id="Page_183">[Pg 183]</a></span>turbance, and no
+demonstrations of approval or dissent. Will you heed my request?"</p>
+
+<p>"We will!" shouted the students with one voice.</p>
+
+<p>"Thank you," replied Paul, who did not believe in a display of force
+before it was necessary.</p>
+
+<p>The boys commenced work upon their lessons, and the captain, passing
+through the steerage, went on deck to avoid the necessity of meeting Mr.
+Hamblin, whose step he heard in the passage-way leading from the cabin.
+As Paul disappeared, the obnoxious <i>savant</i> entered the steerage. One of
+the students forward hissed, but his companions silenced him instantly;
+and it is probable, if the captain had not spoken to them, Mr. Hamblin
+would have been greeted with a general demonstration of disapprobation.</p>
+
+<p>The learned gentleman was evidently much embarrassed; but he was very
+quiet and subdued in his manner. He was less impatient and snappish than
+usual; said nothing about "stupidity" and "blundering," as was his
+habit. He seemed to be abstracted, as well he might; but while he
+displayed less enthusiasm in his teaching, he was infinitely more
+gentlemanly and kind. As he gave no occasion for any trouble, none came.
+Though the captain did not appear at any recitation conducted by him,
+the professor made no comment upon the circumstance.</p>
+
+<p>Paul was troubled, but he had made up his mind what to do. Either Mr.
+Hamblin must leave the Josephine, or he would respectfully ask to be
+relieved from the command of her. It was simply impossible to live with
+such a porcupine on board. It was a mystery to him that Mr. Lowington
+had procured the services<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_184" id="Page_184">[Pg 184]</a></span> of such an unsuitable instructor; but the
+fact was, that he had been engaged by the principal's agent on the
+strength of his classical attainments, rather than his fitness for the
+place. He had been so unpopular as a tutor and professor that no
+institution could long enjoy his services, valuable as they were in an
+intellectual point of view.</p>
+
+<p>At twelve o'clock orders came from Mr. Lowington to dismiss school, and
+to dress the Josephine for visitors. All hands were called, and in a
+short time the vessel wore her gayest attire. A line of flags was
+extended from the end of the jib-boom over the topmast-heads to the end
+of the main boom. The flag of Belgium, which consists of black, yellow,
+and red in equal parts, perpendicularly divided, floated at the foremast
+head. The Young America was similarly decorated, and the Victoria and
+Albert hoisted the royal standard of the United Kingdom, which is a
+magnificent affair, consisting of four squares, two, in opposite
+corners, being red, one blue and one yellow, with a harp and the lions
+and unicorns worked upon the squares.</p>
+
+<p>At half past twelve, the professors' barge, with the American flag in
+the stern, and the Belgian in the bow, put off from the ship and pulled
+to the Quai Vandyck. The eminent individual who was to be received by
+the squadron was no less a personage than the governor of the Province
+of Antwerp, an office once filled by the distinguished Charles Rogier,
+the present minister of foreign affairs.</p>
+
+<p>As the boat containing his excellency put off from the Quay, the yards
+of both vessels were manned. All the students were dressed in their best
+uniform, and<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_185" id="Page_185">[Pg 185]</a></span> the display was really quite imposing. The governor went
+on board of the ship, was duly cheered by the students, and he visited
+every part of the vessel. After he had partaken of a collation in the
+main cabin, he left the ship, accompanied by Mr. Lowington, and visited
+the Josephine. Everything appeared to the best advantage, and his
+excellency expressed himself as highly delighted with the naval
+institution.</p>
+
+<p>All the officers and professors were presented to the distinguished
+guest, who took a great deal of notice of Paul, and hardly any of Mr.
+Hamblin&mdash;a muddling of distinctions which sore puzzled and annoyed the
+<i>savant</i>. Not even Mr. Lowington could have suspected that the
+Josephines were in a state of feverish excitement, and had been almost
+in a state of mutiny, so fair and pleasant was the outside aspect of the
+ship's company. The governor, having completed his inspection of the
+vessel, invited all the officers to dine with him, and was then landed
+with as much ceremony as he had been received.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington accompanied the governor to the quay, and on his return he
+went on board of the Josephine to announce his programme for a visit to
+several of the cities of Belgium. All hands were called, and were
+informed that the next three days would be devoted to sight-seeing, and
+that the students would take the train for Ghent at half past two. The
+ship's company heard the intelligence with a coolness which did not
+escape the notice of the principal; but he soon received an explanation
+of this apparent indifference.</p>
+
+<p>"I am very sorry, Mr. Lowington," said Professor<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_186" id="Page_186">[Pg 186]</a></span> Hamblin, stepping up
+to him, as he descended from the hatch, "to be again compelled to
+complain to you of the misconduct of Mr. Kendall. This morning he
+threatened to arrest me and send me in irons on board of the ship&mdash;<i>me</i>,
+sir! He actually sent for the boatswain and carpenter for this purpose."</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall!" exclaimed the principal, annoyed beyond measure at
+this recital of grievance. "There must have been some strong
+provocation."</p>
+
+<p>"Could anything justify such a threat, or such a course?"</p>
+
+<p>"We will not speak of this subject here," added the principal, when he
+saw that the eyes of every student on board were fixed upon them.</p>
+
+<p>"Something should be done immediately," replied Mr. Hamblin, decidedly.</p>
+
+<p>"I have not time to hear the case now. We take the train for Ghent in
+less than an hour. I will see you in the railway carriage."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington moved towards the gangway, where the barge was waiting for
+him; but Paul, his cheeks all aglow, stepped up to him, and touched his
+cap.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Lowington," said he, "I wish to make a complaint against Mr.
+Hamblin. He interferes with the discipline of the vessel, is very
+insulting to me; and I must ask that he be removed from the Josephine,
+or that I may be permitted to resign."</p>
+
+<p>"I am very sorry you are having any trouble here; but I cannot stay now
+to hear about it. I will see you on the train."</p>
+
+<p>"Excuse me, one moment, Mr. Lowington," added the <i>savant</i> of the
+Josephine, as the principal was<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_187" id="Page_187">[Pg 187]</a></span> going over the side. "I wish to inquire
+if we make any stay in Brussels?"</p>
+
+<p>"We shall probably remain there one day."</p>
+
+<p>"I have an invitation to visit Monsieur Rogier, the chief minister of
+the King of Belgium, and should like to accept it," added Mr. Hamblin,
+who thought it would be well for the principal to know this fact before
+he thought much of the difficulty between himself and the captain.</p>
+
+<p>"You will have ample time," answered Mr. Lowington, as he stepped over
+the side into the boat.</p>
+
+<p>At two o'clock all hands embarked in a ferry-boat, which conveyed them
+to the T&ecirc;te de Flandre, opposite Antwerp, where the Ghent railway
+station is located. By the good offices of the governor of Antwerp, a
+special train had been procured for their accommodation, and the
+carriages were to be at the disposal of the principal for the entire
+round of the Belgian cities. By this arrangement, the tourists were
+enabled to make the tour in the brief space allotted to it. They were to
+spend a day in the capital, but only one or two hours in each of the
+other places.</p>
+
+<p>In Belgium about two thirds of all the railways are owned or leased by
+the government, which runs the roads, and even those which are in the
+hands of corporations will eventually revert to the state. They are
+exceedingly well managed, and very few accidents occur upon them; but
+they run at a low rate of speed, compared with the English railways. The
+fares are about three cents a mile, which is below the average in
+Europe.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington selected a compartment in one of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_188" id="Page_188">[Pg 188]</a></span> the carriages, and
+arranged his party so as to transact the disagreeable business on hand
+during the trip. Dr. Winstock and Paul sat at one end of the section,
+and Mr. Stoute and Terrill at the other, while Mr. Lowington and
+Professor Hamblin occupied the middle seats. The two students were
+allowed to occupy the places at the windows, so that they could see the
+country which they passed through; for the principal deemed this as
+important for them as their lessons; in fact, it was a study of
+geography. The train moved off, bearing the company through a low
+country, not very attractive in itself, though the little farms,
+gardens, villages and towns were full of interest to young men like
+Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"Now, Mr. Hamblin, I am ready to hear your complaints," said Mr.
+Lowington, after the train had passed out of the station. "Captain
+Kendall, you may give your attention to it, though you can look out of
+the window at the same time."</p>
+
+<p>"Am I to be confronted with that boy?" demanded the professor,
+indignantly.</p>
+
+<p>"That boy!" replied Mr. Lowington. "I am to hear what you and Captain
+Kendall have to say. Go on, if you please, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"You will remember that one of the students, McDougal, was sent on board
+of the ship, this morning," Mr. Hamblin began, though he was utterly
+disgusted because he was obliged to make his complaint in the presence
+of Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"I remember it."</p>
+
+<p>"The offence which that boy committed was against me personally. As he
+explained the case to me, and<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_189" id="Page_189">[Pg 189]</a></span> made a very humble apology, I was willing
+to forgive him. I intimated to the officer of the deck that he need not
+report the matter to the captain; but it was reported to the captain,
+and when I went on deck, after breakfast, I found the students had been
+assembled. Mr. Kendall addressed them, with which I had no fault to
+find. But you can judge of my astonishment when he called up McDougal,
+and ordered a boat to convey him on board of the ship, thus subjecting
+him to the severest punishment known to the students of the Josephine.</p>
+
+<p>"I deemed it my duty to interfere, which I did in the most civil manner.
+I respectfully protested against the action of the captain. I say I
+deemed it my duty to interfere."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin paused, and looked at the principal. He wished him to say
+that he also deemed it his duty to interfere; but Mr. Lowington did not
+say that, or anything else, and waited till the professor was ready to
+proceed.</p>
+
+<p>"I remonstrated with Mr, Kendall, and he saw fit to disregard my
+protest. I demanded that his order should be rescinded; but he was
+haughty and impudent in his manner. He told me that the boy should be
+sent to the ship. He appeared to be utterly wanting in judgment, though,
+up to this time, I had remonstrated only in the mildest terms. He
+informed me, in the most offensive manner, that he was the captain of
+the vessel."</p>
+
+<p>At this point Mr. Lowington bit his lips, to repress a smile which was
+involuntarily manifesting itself on his face.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_190" id="Page_190">[Pg 190]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Finally, sir, he sent for the boatswain and carpenter, and threatened
+to have me conveyed to the ship in irons. It was not enough to say he
+would send me to the ship, but he would send me in irons! Did ever a boy
+speak to a man like that before? In college, academy, and school, I have
+always been master; but here I find myself subject to the will of a
+stripling of sixteen or seventeen!"</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin finished his narrative, set his teeth tight together, and
+threw himself back in his seat to await the decision of the principal.</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall, I will hear your version of this affair," said Mr.
+Lowington, mildly.</p>
+
+<p>The professor made a movement as if to spring to his feet. The
+proceedings seemed to be very irregular. He wanted the decision made
+upon his statement; and it appeared like an insult to him to ask a
+student for his version of the affair after the instructor had spoken.</p>
+
+<p>"When I was informed that McDougal had directed the hose-pipe at Mr.
+Hamblin," said Paul, "I decided to make an example of him; for I had a
+hint that the students intended to annoy the senior professor, and this
+was the third time something had happened to him. I was satisfied that
+the act was done on purpose, though I could not prove it."</p>
+
+<p>"It was not done on purpose," interposed Mr. Hamblin, wrathfully.
+"McDougal, on his knees&mdash;"</p>
+
+<p>"You will be kind enough not to interrupt Captain Kendall," said Mr.
+Lowington, mildly, but firmly.</p>
+
+<p>"I decided to send him on board of the ship, and directed the second
+lieutenant to report the circum<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_191" id="Page_191">[Pg 191]</a></span>stances to you. Before the boat had
+shoved off, Mr. Hamblin called me aside, and objected to my action. He
+said the affair was personal with him, and he was surprised that I had
+interfered with it. I replied that the matter affected the discipline of
+the crew, and that I should send McDougal on board of the ship. He was
+angry then, spoke of my lack of judgment, and said the boy should not be
+sent to the ship. I told him then, as decidedly as I knew how, that I
+commanded the vessel."</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir; that <i>he</i> commanded the vessel!" said Mr. Hamblin, with much
+excitement.</p>
+
+<p>"Go on, Captain Kendall," added Mr. Lowington.</p>
+
+<p>"He used some strong language then, and I told him I had nothing more to
+say. As I was walking away, he told me to stop, and called me a puppy.
+He repeated the expression, and then I sent for Mr. Cleats and Mr. Gage.
+They came, and I informed Mr. Hamblin that if he applied another
+offensive epithet to me, I would send him on board the ship in irons."</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir! send <i>me</i> to the ship in irons! Could you have conceived of
+such an indignity?" exclaimed the professor. "Am I a common sailor? Am I
+a servant? Am I a student? or am I the senior professor of the consort?"</p>
+
+<p>"Did you speak to Captain Kendall of his lack of judgment, Mr. Hamblin?"
+asked the principal.</p>
+
+<p>"I did, most assuredly; and I am free to say that a child would have
+exhibited more judgment than he did," replied the professor, warmly.</p>
+
+<p>"Did you say that McDougal should not be sent on board of the ship?"<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_192" id="Page_192">[Pg 192]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I did; it was an outrage upon the boy after he had begged my pardon
+with his knees on the wet deck; and it was an outrage upon me, who had
+forgiven his offence."</p>
+
+<p>"Did you call Captain Kendall a puppy on the quarter-deck of the
+Josephine?"</p>
+
+<p>"I don't know whether it was on the quarter-deck or the half-deck."</p>
+
+<p>"Oblige me by answering my question."</p>
+
+<p>"Perhaps I did," replied Mr. Hamblin, looking upon the floor of the
+carriage; for this, he was conscious, was his weak point.</p>
+
+<p>"I must ask you either to affirm or deny that portion of Captain
+Kendall's complaint."</p>
+
+<p>"If I did, it was because I had been snubbed and insulted by a pupil."</p>
+
+<p>"You do not answer me, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"I did; and I am willing to acknowledge it was highly improper; but I
+was&mdash;"</p>
+
+<p>"It is not necessary to explain it," interposed Mr, Lowington. "I desire
+now only to obtain the facts. You applied this epithet twice to Captain
+Kendall&mdash;did you?"</p>
+
+<p>"Possibly I did. I was much excited."</p>
+
+<p>"Affirm or deny it, if you please."</p>
+
+<p>"I will grant that I did, though I do not now distinctly remember. It
+was wrong for me to use such language under any circumstances, but I
+have not been in the habit of being snubbed by my pupils."</p>
+
+<p>"Is there any other material fact you wish to add, Mr. Hamblin?" asked
+the principal.</p>
+
+<p>"Nothing more is needed, I think," replied the pro<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_193" id="Page_193">[Pg 193]</a></span>fessor, who really
+believed that he had overwhelmed Paul, in spite of the conscious
+disadvantage he labored under in having used intemperate language
+himself. "It is plain enough that Mr. Kendall and I cannot get along
+together in the same vessel."</p>
+
+<p>"That is plain enough," added Mr. Lowington. "I had requested Professor
+Stoute and Mr. Terrill to take seats in this carriage in order to afford
+any information we might need; but I find the facts in the case are not
+disputed. On the material points, there is no difference of statement
+between Mr. Hamblin and Captain Kendall. I shall reserve my decision
+till we return to the vessels."</p>
+
+<p>"It will be impossible for me to do my duty to the students on board of
+the Josephine while Mr. Kendall is in command of her," said the
+professor, who wanted the decision at once, so confident was he that the
+principal could not sustain the young commander this time.</p>
+
+<p>"I shall arrange it so that you and Captain Kendall will no longer sail
+in the same vessels."</p>
+
+<p>That was very indefinite, but something was to be done; and this was all
+the comfort the professor received. Paul was much agitated, and Dr.
+Winstock talked to him for half an hour before he could fix his
+attention upon the novelties of the country hurried in panorama before
+him.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_194" id="Page_194">[Pg 194]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XII" id="CHAPTER_XII"></a>CHAPTER XII.</h2>
+
+<h3>"IN BELGIUM'S CAPITAL."</h3>
+
+
+<p>"Gand!" shouted the guard, as he walked along the step before the doors
+of the compartments, just as the train entered the station.</p>
+
+<p>"I suppose that means Ghent," said Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"Yes; Gand is the French name of the place," replied Dr. Winstock.
+"There are many cities in Europe which you would not recognize by their
+foreign appellations."</p>
+
+<p>As the train stopped the whistle of the Young America's boatswain called
+the students together, and Mr. Lowington told them they could stay only
+two hours in the place.</p>
+
+<p>"Ghent is situated at the junction of the River Lys with the Scheldt,"
+said Professor Mapps, who, to the astonishment of the boys, seemed to be
+plumed for a lecture. "The numerous branches of these rivers, either
+natural or artificial, form canals which extend in all directions
+through the city. The town may be said to be composed of twenty-six
+islands, which are connected together by no less than eighty bridges.
+The grand canal extends from the lower Scheldt to the town, by means of
+which ships drawing eighteen feet can come up to the basin. All these
+canals are<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_195" id="Page_195">[Pg 195]</a></span> navigable for boats or vessels. It is surrounded by a wall
+seven or eight miles in extent, for its defence. On the grand canal,
+half way between the city and the West Scheldt, there are sluices, by
+which the whole country could be laid under water in case of invasion by
+an enemy.</p>
+
+<p>"Ghent has been called the Manchester of Belgium, on account of its
+being so largely engaged in cotton manufactures. Its factories are
+operated by steam power. The population in 1863 was one hundred and
+twenty-two thousand. The cultivation of flowers is largely carried on
+here, there being about four hundred hot-houses in the immediate
+vicinity of the city.</p>
+
+<p>"Ghent is a very old city, and occupies a prominent place in history. In
+the days of Charles the Bold it was the capital of Flanders. Charles V.,
+Emperor of Germany, was born here. It was formerly a city of vast
+importance, and at one time its wealth and power had increased to such
+an extent, that it was regarded as the rival of Paris. '<i>Je mettrais
+Paris dans mon Gand</i>,' Charles V. used to say, as he proudly
+contemplated this great city. What does it mean?"</p>
+
+<p>"I could put Paris into my glove," replied one of the French scholars
+near the professor. "But <i>gant</i> is the French word for <i>glove</i>."</p>
+
+<p>"Near enough for a pun, and much nearer than modern punsters often get
+it," continued Mr. Mapps. "Ghent, in former days, had the reputation of
+being a turbulent city, and its people were bold and warlike. They have
+always been forward in asserting and defending their liberties; and you
+will find that the burghers of Ghent figure largely in Mr. Motley's<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_196" id="Page_196">[Pg 196]</a></span>
+Histories. I will not detain you longer now, but, as we pass through the
+city, I shall have something more to say about its historic character."</p>
+
+<p>A sufficient number of vehicles had been gathered during the professor's
+lecture to enable the students to make the most of their limited time in
+Ghent. They went first to the <i>Beffroi</i>, or Belfry-tower. It is a kind
+of watch-tower, two hundred and eighty feet high, built in the twelfth
+century. The structure is square, and is surmounted by a gilt dragon. It
+contains a chime of bells, and a huge bell weighing five tons. The
+records of the city were formerly kept in the lower part of the
+building, which is now degraded into a prison. The entrance to the tower
+is through a shop, and the view from the top is very fine.</p>
+
+<p>The Cathedral of St. Bavon, the Church of St. Michael, and the H&ocirc;tel de
+Ville, or Town Hall, were pointed out, and the carriages stopped in the
+March&eacute; au Vendredi, a large square, or market-place, which takes its
+name from the day on which the sale is held. The phrase means Friday
+Market. Mr. Mapps explained the use of the square, and pointed out the
+ancient buildings with Flemish gables, which look like a flight of
+stairs on each slope, which surrounds it.</p>
+
+<p>"This was the grand meeting-place of the citizens of Ghent," he
+continued; "the counts of Flanders were inaugurated here with great
+ceremony and splendor. Here the trades-unions, or societies of weavers,
+used to meet. Here the standard of rebellion was planted, and the people
+rallied around it to overthrow their oppressors. Here Jacques van
+Artevelde, the Brewer of Ghent, encountered a hostile<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_197" id="Page_197">[Pg 197]</a></span> association, and
+fought one of the most furious combats known in history. He was called
+the Brewer of Ghent, because, though of noble family, he joined the
+society of brewers to flatter the vanity of the lower classes. His
+partisans were chiefly weavers, and his opponents the fullers. In the
+midst of the strife the host&mdash;the consecrated bread and wine of the
+Catholic mass&mdash;was brought into the square, in order to separate the
+furious artisans; but it was disregarded, and the bodies of fifteen
+hundred citizens were left on this spot.</p>
+
+<p>"Van Artevelde, whose statue you see before you," added the professor,
+pointing to the object, "was a person of great influence. He was the
+ally of Edward III. of England, and had raised himself to the position
+of <i>Ruwaert</i>, or Protector of Flanders, by banishing its hereditary
+counts. By his advice, the King of England had added the <i>fleur de lis</i>,
+or lilies of France, to the British arms, claiming to be King of France.
+He courted the aid of the Flemish people, who were very powerful,&mdash;for
+it was said that Ghent alone could furnish eighty thousand fighting
+men,&mdash;in order to establish his claim to rule France.</p>
+
+<p>"Edward obtained the assistance of the Flemings; but he did not conquer
+France, though he gained some splendid victories, in which the famous
+Black Prince figured. Van Artevelde began to dread the vengeance of the
+hereditary counts of Flanders, whose power he had usurped, and in 1344
+he invited Edward to meet him at Sluis. Here the Brewer proposed to make
+Edward's son&mdash;the Black Prince&mdash;sovereign of Flanders, in order to
+secure the protection of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_198" id="Page_198">[Pg 198]</a></span> England. He relied upon his influence with the
+citizens to induce them to submit to this arrangement; but the stout
+burghers rejected the proposal with contempt and indignation.</p>
+
+<p>"During Van Arteveldt's absence, a popular insurrection was fomented
+against him; and, on his return, as he rode through the streets, he was
+made conscious of the storm that was brewing against the Brewer. He went
+to his house, and barricaded the doors; but the street was soon filled
+by the mob. He addressed them from a window; but they would not hear
+him, and he attempted to escape by a back door into an adjoining church.
+Failing to accomplish this purpose, the infuriated people broke in upon
+him, and he was killed.</p>
+
+<p>"In this square, also, were kindled the fires of the Inquisition by the
+Duke of Alva, at the command of Philip II., and thousands perished in
+the barbarous persecution.</p>
+
+<p>"The rebellious spirit of the people of Ghent was very trying to Charles
+V. He demanded of them an enormous sum of money, to enable him to carry
+on a war against France. The burghers put the town in a state of
+defence, and privately offered their allegiance to Francis I. of France.
+He declined the offer, and maliciously informed Charles of it, who
+marched an army through France to punish the treason of his subjects in
+Ghent. Commanding this army in person, he reached the gates of the city,
+and surrounded its walls, before the people were aware of his presence.</p>
+
+<p>"The utmost consternation prevailed in the town, and messengers were
+sent to the emperor to sue for<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_199" id="Page_199">[Pg 199]</a></span> forgiveness. Without granting any terms
+to the rebels, he imperiously demanded that the gates should be opened.
+His command was obeyed, and the Spanish army marched into the town. The
+Duke of Alva suggested that the entire city should be destroyed; but
+Charles satisfied himself with beheading fourteen of the ringleaders of
+the rebellion, and confiscating their property. The principal officers
+of the city were ordered to appear before the emperor barefoot and
+bare-headed, clothed in black gowns, and with halters around their
+necks. They were compelled to sue for pardon on their knees. As an
+additional penalty, the magistrates were forbidden to appear in public
+without a halter on their necks, as a badge of their ignominy. The rope
+was worn; but, in the lapse of time, it became a silken cord, tied in a
+true-lover's knot, and was regarded as an ornament which the magistrate
+could not dispense with.</p>
+
+<p>"In 1570, when the people attempted to shake off the Spanish rule, the
+citadel or fortress at the Porte d'Anvers (which has been demolished)
+was besieged by the Prince of Orange. It was gallantly defended by the
+Spaniards for a long time; but, at last, three thousand of the burghers
+of Ghent, clothed in white shirts as a distinguishing mark, assaulted
+the citadel. Their scaling-ladders were not long enough, and the attack
+failed. On the following day, while preparations were in progress to
+renew the attack, the Spaniards capitulated. When suitable terms had
+been agreed upon, the garrison, only one hundred and fifty in number,
+marched out under the command of a woman. It appeared then that the
+governor of the for<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_200" id="Page_200">[Pg 200]</a></span>tress was absent, and that the Spaniards had been
+commanded, during the protracted siege, by his wife."</p>
+
+<p>This was rather a long speech to be made in the public square; but the
+boys, interested in the professor's remarks, gathered closely around
+him; and it is not probable that many of the Ghenters who had been
+attracted to the square by the unwonted scene understood a word that was
+said. The carriages next proceeded to the B&eacute;guinage, a kind of convent
+or nunnery. The establishment is a little town by itself, with streets,
+squares, and gates, and is surrounded by a wall and moat. In the centre
+there is a church. The houses are occupied by the B&eacute;guines, a sisterhood
+of nuns in Belgium which has six thousand members. They are bound by no
+vows, as ordinary nuns are, and may therefore return to the world at
+pleasure, marry, and come back in their widowhood. They act as Sisters
+of Charity in the city, and some of them are wealthy; but all wear the
+garb of the order. There are about six hundred of them in this colony.
+On the door of each house is the name of the patron saint of the
+occupant.</p>
+
+<p>The drive was continued through some of the principal streets of Ghent;
+and, within a few moments of the appointed time, the students were again
+seated in the railway carriages. The road to Bruges extends along the
+side of the canal from Ostend to Ghent, which has high banks, lined
+nearly all the way with tall trees. The view from the windows of the
+train was interesting rather than picturesque. In an hour the train
+stopped at its destination; but it was after six o'clock, and there was
+no time for Professor Mapps<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_201" id="Page_201">[Pg 201]</a></span> to make any long speeches, though Bruges
+had a history hardly less exciting than that of Ghent. It takes its name
+from the great number of <i>bridges</i> which it contains; for the place,
+like Ghent, is cut up by canals.</p>
+
+<p>Bruges was once a rich and powerful city, reputed to contain two hundred
+thousand inhabitants; but, like nearly all the Flemish cities, it has
+declined from its former grandeur, and now contains only fifty-one
+thousand, nearly a third of whom are paupers. In the fifteenth century,
+the Dukes of Burgundy held their court here; it had an immense foreign
+commerce, and its warehouses were filled with the silks and woollens
+manufactured in the vicinity. All this has passed away, the town has the
+aspect of a ruined place, and its lofty and elegant public
+buildings&mdash;the remains of former prosperity&mdash;seem to mock its present
+desolation.</p>
+
+<p>Fine houses may be hired in Bruges at a rent of from sixty to a hundred
+dollars a year. It is said that a house has not been built in the city
+for a century, for the reason that its diminishing inhabitants were more
+than supplied by those which had once accommodated four times its
+present population. The place is dead and dull. The streets are nearly
+empty. A man-servant finds himself upon a hundred dollars a year, and a
+French teacher charges twenty cents an hour for his services.</p>
+
+<p>The Church of Notre Dame contains the tombs of Charles the Bold and of
+his daughter Mary. La Chapelle du Saint Sang takes its name from several
+drops of the blood of the Savior, which are said to have been brought
+from the Holy Land. They were<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_202" id="Page_202">[Pg 202]</a></span> presented to the town, and are kept in a
+richly jewelled shrine, which is exhibited to visitors at half a franc a
+head. The famous order of the Knights of the Golden Fleece, so often
+mentioned by Motley, whose emblems are seen in many of the churches of
+Belgium, was established at Bruges, by Philip the Good, Duke of
+Burgundy. The weavers of Flanders had carried the manufacture of wool to
+a degree of perfection which added greatly to the prosperity of the
+country, and the Golden Fleece was a fitting symbol of the industry of
+the people, as well as a compliment to their skill.</p>
+
+<p>The great point of interest in Bruges to the students of the squadron
+was "The Belfry of Bruges," which Longfellow has celebrated in his poem
+of that name, and in the "Carillon." It is a beautiful Gothic tower, on
+an antique building known as <i>Les Halles</i>, or The Market, a part of
+which was intended for a meat market, and a part for a cloth hall. The
+spire, or belfry, is two hundred and ninety feet high. It contains the
+finest set of chimes in Europe. They play four times an hour, and their
+music is almost incessant. The machinery by which they are operated
+consists of an immense metallic cylinder, or drum, covered all over with
+cogs and pins, like that in a music-box. As this drum turns by the
+action of a huge weight, the pins strike against the levers that
+communicate with the bells. For half an hour on Sunday they are played
+by hand, as at Antwerp.</p>
+
+<p>The praise bestowed upon the chimes seemed to the students to be well
+merited. There is nothing more touching and beautiful than the music of
+these bells.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_203" id="Page_203">[Pg 203]</a></span> The boys could not help taking in the inspiration they
+imparted; and when it transpired that Mr. Modelle, the professor of
+elocution, had a copy of Longfellow in his pocket, they almost
+unanimously insisted that the poems relating to the scene should be
+read. They gathered around him, the circle closely flanked by the men,
+women, and children of the dull old town, who had apparently been roused
+from their lethargy by the advent of the young Americans. In his deep
+bass tones he read the Carillon first.</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">"In the ancient town of Bruges,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">In the quaint old Flemish city,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">As the evening shades descended,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Low and loud, and sweetly blended,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Low at times and loud at times,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">And changing like a poet's rhymes,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Rang the beautiful wild chimes</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">From the belfry in the market</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Of the ancient town of Bruges."</span><br />
+</p>
+
+<p>The students listened with almost breathless interest till the last line
+of the "Belfry" was read; there was something so grand and beautiful in
+the poem itself, as the images of the past are brought up,&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">"I beheld the pageants, splendid,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">That adorned those days of old:</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Stately dames like queens attended,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Knights who bore the Fleece of Gold,"&mdash;</span><br />
+</p>
+
+<p>and something in the association of the living lines with the real
+belfry of Bruges before them, that the impression was one to be
+remembered for years.</p>
+
+<p>After a hasty walk through a couple of the ancient<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_204" id="Page_204">[Pg 204]</a></span> streets of the city,
+the students returned to the railroad station, and the train started for
+Brussels, a ride of about two hours from Bruges. It was half past nine
+when they arrived at the capital of Belgium. The party were greeted by
+Mr. Fluxion, who had been sent direct from Antwerp to make arrangements
+for their stay over night. Captain Kendall, his officers and crew, were
+sent to the H&ocirc;tel Royal in the Rue Foss&eacute; aux Loups. It was a small
+hotel, but very nice and comfortable. Mr. Molenschot, the proprietor,
+spoke English, but he appeared to be the only person in the house who
+could do so. He was very polite and attentive to the students, and spoke
+familiarly and pleasantly to them about "my hotel."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Fluxion himself had a faculty for keeping a hotel, and understood
+precisely what tired travellers wanted when they came in late in the
+evening; and he had ordered, in addition to the <i>th&eacute; complet</i>, the
+<i>bif-stek</i> and <i>pomme de terre</i>. The boys were as hungry as wolves, and
+the solid part of the entertainment was very inviting. Each dish of
+beefsteak was covered over with nicely browned fried potatoes. In a few
+moments there was hardly a vestige of the feast remaining on the table.</p>
+
+<p>The Young America's ship's company were quartered at the H&ocirc;tel de
+l'Univers, and the H&ocirc;tel de Su&egrave;de, so that the party was separated; and
+Paul was rather glad of it, because there were some belonging to the
+ship who were not influenced by the motives which prevailed in the
+Josephine. He could control his crew, even without the aid of Mr.
+Fluxion, who, with several of the professors also lodged at the Royal.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_205" id="Page_205">[Pg 205]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>They were a jolly party at the supper table; and as none of the waiters
+spoke a word of English, there was a great deal of fun made in giving
+their orders; but everybody was remarkably good-natured, including the
+waiters themselves.</p>
+
+<p>"Waiter," called Lynch, who, as a general rule, was not guilty of
+knowing much about any of his studies, "bring me the <i>bur</i>."</p>
+
+<p>The servant took no notice of him.</p>
+
+<p>"Call him a <i>gar&ccedil;on</i>" said Grossbeck.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Gar&ccedil;on!</i>" shouted Lynch.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Monsieur</i>," replied the man.</p>
+
+<p>"Bring me the <i>bur</i>."</p>
+
+<p>"You might as well call for a Canada thistle," laughed Duncan, who was
+one of the best French scholars in the Josephine.</p>
+
+<p>"I want some butter; I have eaten up all the <i>bif-stek</i>, and all the
+<i>pomme de terres</i>, and now I want some bread and butter. These fellows
+don't understand their own language."</p>
+
+<p>"<i>M'apportez du beurre</i>," added Duncan.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Oui, oui, oui!</i>" exclaimed the waiter, producing the required article.</p>
+
+<p>"That's the idea," replied Lynch; "that man's improving. But this
+<i>beurre</i> is so fresh I can't eat it; I want some salt."</p>
+
+<p>"Call for it, then," laughed Duncan.</p>
+
+<p>"I will; here's a go. <i>Gar&ccedil;on</i>, mapperty sellier!"</p>
+
+<p>"Good!" roared Duncan. "If we had a saddle of mutton for supper, I
+should suppose you would want what you called for."</p>
+
+<p>"I want the salt."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_206" id="Page_206">[Pg 206]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I thought you did; and that's the reason why you called for a saddler."</p>
+
+<p>"I didn't call for any saddler. I said <i>sellier</i>."</p>
+
+<p>"Precisely so; and that is a saddler."</p>
+
+<p>"What shall I say?"</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Sel.</i>"</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Sel</i>; <i>sellier</i>. Well, I knew there was a sell about it somewhere."</p>
+
+<p>"Precisely; but you were sold. I advise you not to make any long
+speeches in French."</p>
+
+<p>"You may bet your life I shall not," replied Lynch.</p>
+
+<p>"Just mention the thing you want in one word; then you won't confuse
+<i>gar&ccedil;on's</i> intellect by flooding it with ideas."</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Gar&ccedil;on&mdash;sel</i>," added Lynch, acting upon this excellent advice.</p>
+
+<p>The waiter brought the <i>sel</i>, and nobody was sold this time.</p>
+
+<p>"I think I shall pick up the French language in time," added Lynch,
+encouraged by his success.</p>
+
+<p>"Perhaps you will, but the H&ocirc;tel Royal will have crumbled to dust before
+that happy event occurs."</p>
+
+<p>There was any quantity of blunders made at the table, and some of the
+students had nearly choked themselves to death with laughing at them,
+and at the blank looks of the waiters when spoken to in a tongue which
+Mr. Fluxion declared sounded more like Low Dutch than decent French. Mr.
+Molenschot laughed too, and intimated that "my hotel" had never been so
+lively before.</p>
+
+<p>"What now, Captain Kendall?" said Mr. Fluxion, when the supper and the
+blunders had ended.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_207" id="Page_207">[Pg 207]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"My officers and crew wish to take a little walk," replied Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"What! to-night?. It is after ten o'clock."</p>
+
+<p>"They wish to see how 'Belgium's capital' looks in the evening."</p>
+
+<p>"Of course you can do as you think best; but I advise you to be cautious
+with them. They may get into trouble in a strange city, or get lost. If
+some of them can't speak French any better than they did at supper, they
+will have to go to the watch-house, because they can't ask the way
+back."</p>
+
+<p>"They can say <i>H&ocirc;tel Royal</i>. None of my crew have ever got into trouble
+since the ship's company was organized," added Paul, who wanted to go
+out himself, and could not deny to others what he took himself.</p>
+
+<p>The permission was given to walk till eleven o'clock, but the boys were
+admonished to behave properly, and to return punctually. Lynch and
+Grossbeck, who still clung together as fast friends, left the hotel in
+company.</p>
+
+<p>"This is jolly&mdash;isn't it?" said Lynch, as they passed out of the Rue
+Foss&eacute; aux Loups into the Place de la Monnaie, a small square in front of
+the Th&eacute;&acirc;tre Royal.</p>
+
+<p>"For less than an hour," added Grossbeck, gloomily.</p>
+
+<p>"We don't understand French, and so we can't tell what time it is,"
+laughed Lynch.</p>
+
+<p>"That won't go down. We were told to be back at eleven."</p>
+
+<p>"But if we don't know what time it is, we can't be tied to the
+bell-rope."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_208" id="Page_208">[Pg 208]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"No use; the captain knows the boom from the bobstay, and if he isn't a
+Knight of the Golden Fleece, you can't pull wool over his eyes. You know
+he put McDougal through this morning."</p>
+
+<p>"Well, come along. We'll have a good time while it does last," replied
+Lynch, apparently appalled by recalling the summary treatment of his
+shipmate.</p>
+
+<p>"Everybody seems to be having a good time here," said Grossbeck, as they
+passed a <i>caf&eacute;</i>, in front of which were a great number of small tables,
+at which gentlemen were drinking, smoking, and carrying on noisy
+conversation. "I don't see any reason why we should not. What are they
+drinking there?"</p>
+
+<p>"Beer, or wine, I suppose," answered Lynch, as he led the way he knew
+not whither, turning to the left, because the street in that direction
+looked more lively than the others.</p>
+
+<p>There was nothing to be seen, as most of the shops were closed; but they
+continued on their way till they came to a kind of arcade, a building
+which contained a broad passage-way, opening from the street, with a
+large number of little shops on either side.</p>
+
+<p>The interior was brilliantly lighted, and most of the small stores were
+devoted to fancy goods and other showy articles. The young seamen
+entered the arcade, in which many people were promenading.</p>
+
+<p>"They say this city is a second edition of Paris on a small scale,"
+continued Lynch. "This is very well got up; but from what I have seen of
+the town, it looks like a one-horse city. The streets are not much wider
+than a cow-path."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_209" id="Page_209">[Pg 209]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"But they say it is like Paris," added Grossbeck.</p>
+
+<p>"My eyes! there's a clock that speaks English! It is half past ten,"
+exclaimed Lynch. "But I'm not going back to the H&ocirc;tel Royal till I've
+had a little fun. There's a what-you-call-it, where they sell wine.
+Let's go in, and see what it's like."</p>
+
+<p>The place indicated was a wine-shop, and the two boys entered, seating
+themselves at one of the little tables. The prompt waiter came to them,
+bowed and scraped, and flourished a napkin, and hinted that he would be
+happy to take their order.</p>
+
+<p>"What will you have, Grossbeck?"</p>
+
+<p>"I'll take a glass of wine."</p>
+
+<p>"Let's see you take it!" laughed Lynch. "What shall we call for? I don't
+remember a word of French, now that I want to use it."</p>
+
+<p>"Perhaps the <i>gar&ccedil;on</i> can speak English. Ask him."</p>
+
+<p>"Ask him? What shall I say?"</p>
+
+<p>"O, I know. <i>Parlez-vous Angleterre?</i>" added Grossbeck, turning to the
+waiter.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Non, monsieur</i>," replied the waiter, who did not speak "England."</p>
+
+<p>"O, confound it! What's the Dutch for wine?" demanded Lynch,
+impatiently.</p>
+
+<p>"I know&mdash;<i>eau de vie</i>. <i>Gar&ccedil;on, eau de vie</i>," replied Grossbeck,
+confidently.</p>
+
+<p>The waiter disappeared, and presently returned with a small decanter and
+two minute wine-glasses.</p>
+
+<p>"I knew <i>eau de vie</i> would bring it," added Grossbeck, as he filled the
+little glasses.</p>
+
+<p>"That's pretty strong wine," said Lynch, when<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_210" id="Page_210">[Pg 210]</a></span> he had swallowed the
+contents of the glass with a very wry face.</p>
+
+<p>"That's so."</p>
+
+<p>They looked about them till the clock indicated that it was time to
+start for the hotel; but they decided to repeat the dose from the
+decanter, and did so.</p>
+
+<p>"That's the strongest wine I ever drank," said Grossbeck.</p>
+
+<p>"How much is it?" asked Lynch.</p>
+
+<p>"Let's see&mdash;<i>combien?</i>"</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Un franc cinquante centimes</i>," replied the waiter, after he had
+glanced at a gauge on the decanter which indicated the quantity of the
+fiery fluid that had been consumed.</p>
+
+<p>Neither of them could understand the answer, and Grossbeck handed the
+<i>gar&ccedil;on</i> a franc. The man shook his head, and held out his hand for
+more. Lynch gave him another franc, and he returned a half franc piece.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Pour boire?</i>" said the man with a winning smile.</p>
+
+<p>"Poor bwar! Who's he?" demanded Lynch, in whose head the strong water
+was producing its effect. "He means 'poor boy.' I say, Grossbeck, does
+he think I'm&mdash;I'm sizzled? I feel so myself. Come, let's go."</p>
+
+<p>They rose, and moved in a serpentine path to the door.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Pour boire?</i>" repeated the <i>gar&ccedil;on</i>, following them.</p>
+
+<p>"That's what's the matter. I'm a poor boy! I<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_211" id="Page_211">[Pg 211]</a></span> was a fool to drink more'n
+one nip of your camphene," hickuped Lynch. "Here, old fellow, here's a
+half of one of those francs. Don't say nothing more about it. I'm a poor
+boy, but I shall get over it."</p>
+
+<p>The young tippler handed the half-franc piece to the waiter, who bowed,
+scraped, flourished his napkin, and fled.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_212" id="Page_212">[Pg 212]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XIII" id="CHAPTER_XIII"></a>CHAPTER XIII.</h2>
+
+<h3>THREE CHEERS FOR THE KING OF BELGIUM.</h3>
+
+
+<p>"I say, Grossbeck, you and I are two bigger fools than Napoleon was when
+he went to Russia," said Lynch, as they reached the street again.</p>
+
+<p>"That's so. 'There was a sound of revelry by night, and Belgium's
+capital'&mdash;got considerably mixed," replied Grossbeck, whose head was not
+quite so full as his companion's.</p>
+
+<p>"What shall we do, my boy?" stammered Lynch. "That wine was nothing
+short of camphene. We shall be seen by the captain, and we shall both be
+sent to keep company with poor McDougal. We've lost our mess on the
+Josephine."</p>
+
+<p>"Stiffen up, Lynch. Don't give way to it. What sort of a sailor are you,
+that can't bear two thimblefuls of wine?"</p>
+
+<p>"That wine was camphene, I tell you. It feels just like a whole bunch of
+friction matches touched off at once in my stomach&mdash;that's so. I'm a
+poor boy and no mistake, Grossbeck."</p>
+
+<p>Lynch suddenly stopped, and grasped his companion by the arm.</p>
+
+<p>"What's the matter," demanded Grossbeck.</p>
+
+<p>"It's no use for me to drink wine. The <i>eau de vie</i><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_213" id="Page_213">[Pg 213]</a></span> carries too many
+guns for me. I'll tell you what I'm going to do. I'm going to get out of
+this scrape."</p>
+
+<p>"So am I; but come along, or we shall be late."</p>
+
+<p>"I'm going to join the temperance society, and never drink any more
+wine&mdash;not another drop of <i>eau de vie</i> for me."</p>
+
+<p>Lynch evidently felt that he had got into trouble for nothing; that the
+satisfaction of drinking the firewater was very unsatisfactory in the
+end. He had sense enough left to see that disgrace and degradation
+awaited him, and he dreaded the prompt action of Captain Kendall, as
+exhibited in the case of McDougal. While still suffering from the
+effects of the tipple, he resolved to drink no more; but pledges made in
+the heat of intoxication are not the most hopeful ones.</p>
+
+<p>The boosy youngsters worried along the street; but instead of turning to
+the right, into the Rue de la Monnaie, they went straight ahead, and
+were soon lost in a maze of narrow streets. They were conscious that
+they had gone astray, and looked in vain for the square in front of the
+Th&eacute;&acirc;tre Royal, which they had marked as an objective point. At last they
+came across a solitary policeman, who paused on his walk to observe
+their unsteady tramp.</p>
+
+<p>"H&ocirc;tel Royal?" said Grossbeck, addressing the officer.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Oui</i>," replied the man, pointing in the direction from which they had
+come, and leading the way himself.</p>
+
+<p>In a few moments they reached the square they had missed, and Grossbeck
+recognized the flaming signs<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_214" id="Page_214">[Pg 214]</a></span> of a large clothing store, on the corner
+of the street in which the hotel was located.</p>
+
+<p>"Thank you. I am very much obliged to you," said he to the policeman, as
+he pointed to the street.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Oui</i>," replied the officer, solemnly, though the grateful
+acknowledgments of the juvenile tippler were lost upon him, except so
+far as he could interpret them by the motions of the speaker.</p>
+
+<p>"I feel meaner than Napoleon did after the battle of Waterloo," groaned
+Lynch.</p>
+
+<p>"Stiffen up, now. Here's the hotel," added Grossbeck.</p>
+
+<p>"Well, what shall we do? I can't walk straight, and my head spins round
+like a top," pleaded Lynch.</p>
+
+<p>"Dry up. Starch your back-bone. Here comes a lot of the fellows."</p>
+
+<p>"Who are they?" asked Lynch, trying to stiffen his back, and get the
+bearings of his head.</p>
+
+<p>The party approaching proved to be half a dozen of "our fellows," who
+stopped, and immediately discovered the condition of the two hopefuls.</p>
+
+<p>"I say, McKeon, can't you help us out?" said Grossbeck.</p>
+
+<p>"Ay, ay; certainly we can," replied "our fellows," in concert, as they
+gathered closely around the inebriates, and, thus encircling them,
+marched into the hotel.</p>
+
+<p>"Keep still, Lynch; don't say a word," whispered Grossbeck, as they
+entered the hall, effectually concealed from the observation of the
+officers by their companions.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Fluxion stood at the door, and checked off the names of the party as
+they entered, on the list he held,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_215" id="Page_215">[Pg 215]</a></span> so as to be sure that all had come
+in. It was not an easy thing for Lynch to ascend three flights of
+stairs; but his companions supported him, and contrived to screen him
+from the officers, till they reached the room where they were to sleep.
+The door was closed and fastened, and Grossbeck gratefully acknowledged
+the kindness of his friends in getting them out of the scrape.</p>
+
+<p>"What did you drink?" asked McKeon.</p>
+
+<p>"Wine," answered the tippler.</p>
+
+<p>"What kind of wine?"</p>
+
+<p>"I don't know&mdash;<i>eau de vie</i>."</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Eau de vie!</i>" exclaimed Blount, whose knowledge of French was above
+the average of that of "our fellows."</p>
+
+<p>"That's what we called for," added Grossbeck.</p>
+
+<p>"And it was as strong as camphene," said Lynch, as he tumbled into bed.</p>
+
+<p>"It was brandy!" laughed Blount.</p>
+
+<p>The boys all laughed at the blunder, and Lynch repeated his pledge not
+to drink any strong liquors, wine, or beer again. Grossbeck defended his
+conduct by saying that he had heard a great deal about the light wines
+of Europe, which people drank like water, and he did not suppose a
+couple of thimblefuls of it would hurt them.</p>
+
+<p>"Call for <i>vin rouge</i> next time," laughed Blount; "that means red wine,
+or claret. It isn't much stronger than water."</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir!" ejaculated Lynch, springing up in bed, though with much
+difficulty; "I shall not call for red wine, or anything of the sort.
+From this time, hence<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_216" id="Page_216">[Pg 216]</a></span>forth and forevermore, I'm a temperance man. I
+won't drink anything but water, and only a little of that. I feel
+cheaper than Napoleon when he landed on the Island of St. Helena."</p>
+
+<p>The party turned in, and in a short time all of them, tired out by the
+fatigues of the day, were fast asleep. Mr. Fluxion, before half past
+eleven, had reported all the students in the house. At six o'clock in
+the morning all hands were turned out, and several squads of them were
+exploring the city on their own account. But it was not till after
+breakfast that a systematic excursion was organized. A number of
+omnibuses and one-horse barouches, or <i>voitures</i>, had been engaged by
+Mr. Fluxion, and, seated in these, the ship's company proceeded to the
+Grande Place, which is a large square, with the H&ocirc;tel de Ville on one
+side, and the old Palace, or Broodhuis, on the other side.</p>
+
+<p>The H&ocirc;tel de Ville is one of the most splendid municipal palaces in the
+Low Countries, where these structures are always magnificent specimens
+of architecture. The spire, of open work, in Gothic style, is three
+hundred and sixty-four feet high. The vane, which is a gilded copper
+figure of St. Michael, is seventeen feet high. The building was erected
+in the fifteenth century.</p>
+
+<p>By the attention of the governor of Antwerp, several officials were in
+readiness to escort the visitors through the city; and at their beck the
+doors of public buildings and churches, and the gates of palaces and
+gardens, were thrown open. The party entered the H&ocirc;tel de Ville, and in
+one of its large rooms an op<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_217" id="Page_217">[Pg 217]</a></span>portunity was afforded for Mr. Mapps to
+expatiate a little on the city of Brussels.</p>
+
+<p>"Young gentlemen, what is the French name of this city?" asked the
+professor, as he took the stand occupied by the chief magistrate of the
+city.</p>
+
+<p>"Bruxelles," responded many of the boys; for they had seen it often
+enough upon signs and in newspapers to know it.</p>
+
+<p>"Unlike many of the cities of Belgium which we have before visited,
+Brussels is a growing place. Its population has doubled in twenty years,
+and now numbers about three hundred thousand. It is situated on both
+sides of the little River Senne, one hundred and fifty miles from
+Paris,&mdash;which it imitates and resembles in some degree,&mdash;and
+twenty-seven miles from Antwerp. It is built partly on a hill; and the
+city consists of two portions, called the upper and the lower town, the
+latter being the older part, and containing all the objects of historic
+interest. In the upper town are the Park, the king's palace, and the
+public offices. The streets are irregular, narrow, and crooked; but the
+city is surrounded by a broad highway, having different names in
+different parts, as the <i>Boulevard de Waterloo</i>, the <i>Boulevard de
+Flandre</i>, and the <i>Boulevard d'Anvers</i>.</p>
+
+<p>"The oldest part of the city is in the vicinity of this square&mdash;the
+<i>Grande Place</i>, in which the Counts Egmont and Horn were beheaded by the
+Duke of Alva. You saw their statues in the square. In this city, in an
+old palace burned in 1733, Charles V. abdicated in favor of his son
+Philip II. Here, also, was drawn up that celebrated document called the
+Request.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_218" id="Page_218">[Pg 218]</a></span> It was a petition to Margaret of Parma, in favor of the
+Protestants of the Low Countries, of which you read in Motley. It was
+presented to her in the H&ocirc;tel de Cuylembourg, where a prison now stands.
+She was somewhat alarmed at the appearance of the petitioners; and one
+of her courtiers told her, in a whisper, not to be annoyed by the
+'<i>gueux</i>,' or beggars. The leader of the confederates, hearing of this,
+regarded the epithet bestowed upon those who were defending the
+liberties of their country as an honorable appellation, and the
+petitioners adopted it as their war-cry. In the evening, some of them
+appeared in front of the palace with beggars' wallets on their backs,
+and porringers in their hands, and drank as a toast, 'Success to the
+<i>Gueux</i>!' This trivial incident proved to be one of the leading events
+of the revolution which deprived Spain of the Low Countries; for it
+kindled the enthusiasm of the people, and urged them on in the
+redemption of their country. In Motley you will find a full history of
+the 'Beggars.' Alva was so incensed at the turn of this affair, that he
+levelled to the ground the building in which the confederates met.</p>
+
+<p>"Brussels has long been celebrated for its manufactures of lace and
+carpets; but while it still retains its prestige in the former, it has
+been outdone in the latter. The finest and most valuable lace is made
+here and in some of the neighboring cities, and is literally worth its
+weight in gold. The most expensive kind costs two hundred francs (or
+forty dollars) a yard."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Mapps finished his remarks for the present, and the ships' company
+returned to the carriages, and were<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_219" id="Page_219">[Pg 219]</a></span> driven to the Place des Martyrs,
+where there is a large monument erected to the memory of three hundred
+Belgians, who fell in the Revolution of 1830, which made Belgium an
+independent kingdom. From this point they passed into the broad
+Boulevards to the Botanical Gardens, which, however, they did not enter,
+but continued up the hill to the Park, a large enclosure, beautifully
+laid out, and ornamented with statues. In one corner of it is the
+Th&eacute;&acirc;tre du Parc, while in the square which surrounds it are located the
+king's palace, the palace of the Prince of Orange, the Chamber of
+Representatives, and other public buildings. The students visited the
+king's palace;&mdash;but his majesty usually resides at Laeken, and the
+establishment represents royalty on a small scale&mdash;and the Chamber of
+Representatives, in which the two branches of the Belgian legislature
+convene. In the latter, a woman showed them the Chambers, pointing out
+some fine pictures, including portraits of the king and queen, and the
+Battle of Waterloo, explaining everything in French.</p>
+
+<p>"Where shall I find the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Stoute?" asked
+Professor Hamblin, nervous and excited at the near prospect of standing
+face to face before the great man of Belgium, and of being complimented
+upon his great educational works.</p>
+
+<p>"I don't know; but his office must be somewhere in this vicinity,"
+replied the fat professor, laughing at the excitement of his associate.</p>
+
+<p>One of the officials in charge of the party volunteered to conduct them
+to the apartment of the distinguished revolutionist.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_220" id="Page_220">[Pg 220]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"You must come with me, Mr. Stoute," said the professor of Greek. "If it
+turns out that Mr. Rogier don't speak English, I should be in an
+unfortunate dilemma."</p>
+
+<p>"I will go with you with pleasure," laughed Mr. Stoute, who was rather
+desirous of witnessing the interview.</p>
+
+<p>They were conducted to the apartments of the distinguished minister, and
+formally and ceremoniously ushered into his presence. He bowed, and
+regarded his visitors with cool indifference.</p>
+
+<p>"Whom have I the honor to address?" asked the minister, in good English,
+when Mr. Hamblin had made his best bow.</p>
+
+<p>"I am Professor Hamblin, from the United States, at your service,"
+replied the learned gentleman, who seemed to believe that this
+announcement would bring the Belgian statesman to his feet, if not to
+his arms&mdash;the professor's.</p>
+
+<p>"Ah, indeed!" replied the minister, blankly.</p>
+
+<p>"I had the pleasure of receiving a note from you at Antwerp," added the
+American celebrity, annoyed at the coolness of the revolutionist.</p>
+
+<p>"A note from me!" exclaimed the Belgian celebrity, curtly. "I never saw
+you or heard of you before in my life."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin produced the formidable envelope, and drew therefrom the
+epistle of sweet savor, which had been such a comfort to him in his
+troubles. He presented it to the minister, satisfied that this would
+recall the matter to his recollection.</p>
+
+<p>"This note is not from me. I did not write it,"<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_221" id="Page_221">[Pg 221]</a></span> said the Belgian, when
+he had glanced hastily at the page.</p>
+
+<p>"Really, I beg your excellency's pardon; but it is signed with your
+name."</p>
+
+<p>"It is a forgery&mdash;what you Americans call a practical joke, probably. I
+haven't been in Antwerp for months."</p>
+
+<p>There was an apparent convulsion in the fat frame of Mr. Stoute, who was
+evidently struggling to suppress his mirth, or keep it within decent
+limits.</p>
+
+<p>"I am very sorry, sir," stammered Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"The letter is an imposition, sir. I never heard of you before in my
+life," added the great Belgian, tossing the note back to the professor,
+with an impatience which indicated that he never wished to see him
+again.</p>
+
+<p>That vision had exploded&mdash;no invitation to dinner, none to visit the
+king, none to accept the position of Librarian of the Greek portion of
+the Royal Library, whose only duty was to consist in drawing his salary.
+Mr. Hamblin bowed, and so far conformed to his original programme as to
+back out of the office. Doubtless he came to the conclusion, in his
+disgust, that Belgium was a "one-horse" kingdom, and that royalty was a
+humbug.</p>
+
+<p>The vision exploded; so did the mirth of Mr. Stoute, as soon as the door
+of the department of foreign affairs had closed behind him. He laughed
+till every ounce of his adipose frame quivered.</p>
+
+<p>"What are you laughing at, Mr. Stoute?" demanded the disappointed suitor
+for Belgian honors.</p>
+
+<p>"You will excuse me, sir; but really I can't help it," choked the fat
+professor.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_222" id="Page_222">[Pg 222]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I really don't see anything to laugh at," added Mr. Hamblin,
+indignantly.</p>
+
+<p>"I was intensely amused at the shuffling indifference of Monsieur
+Rogier. He evidently regards himself as a very great man, not to be
+disturbed by insignificant Greek scholars."</p>
+
+<p>"What do you mean by <i>insignificant</i>, Mr. Stoute?" asked the lean
+professor, solemnly.</p>
+
+<p>"Why, the minister had never even heard of you, of your Greek Grammar,
+Greek Reader, and Anabasis. Such is fame!" chuckled the good-natured
+instructor.</p>
+
+<p>"'What we Americans call a practical joke,' were the words of the
+minister. Do you regard this as a joke, Mr. Stoute?" said the learned
+gentleman, very seriously.</p>
+
+<p>"I suppose it is a joke to all, except the victim."</p>
+
+<p>"Do you know anything about the author of this senseless piece of
+imposition?"</p>
+
+<p>"Certainly not. I had not the least idea that the ponderous document was
+not genuine till his excellency pronounced it a forgery."</p>
+
+<p>"Who could have done this?"</p>
+
+<p>"Some of the students, probably."</p>
+
+<p>"Probably," replied the professor, taking the note from his pocket
+again, and carefully scanning the handwriting. "I have no doubt it was
+done by one of the students. It is another of their infamous tricks&mdash;the
+fourth that has been put upon me. Do the other instructors suffer in
+this manner?"</p>
+
+<p>"I have not heard of any other victims, and I am inclined to think you
+are the only one."</p>
+
+<p>"I do not see why I should be selected as the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_223" id="Page_223">[Pg 223]</a></span> recipient of these silly
+and ridiculous, not to say wicked, tricks. A rope falls on <i>my</i> head,
+<i>I</i> am pitched into the river, drenched with dirty water, and now sent
+on a fool's errand to the king's chief minister! I don't understand why
+I am the only sufferer."</p>
+
+<p>Professor Stoute did understand why Mr. Hamblin had been so frequently
+sacrificed, but he had a habit of minding his own business, and did not
+venture to give an opinion on the subject, which probably would not have
+been well received. What the fat professor knew all the boys in the
+Josephine, and most of those in the Young America, knew&mdash;that the cold,
+stiff, haughty, tyrannical, overbearing manner of the lean professor had
+made him exceedingly unpopular; that the students disliked him even to
+the degree of hating him; that if he had ever had any influence with
+them, he had lost it by his ridiculous sternness and stupid precision.
+Mr. Hamblin did not know this, but everybody else did.</p>
+
+<p>"Don't you know this writing, Mr. Stoute?" demanded the irate man of
+Greek roots, after an attentive study of the note.</p>
+
+<p>"I do not."</p>
+
+<p>"I do!" added Mr. Hamblin, decidedly.</p>
+
+<p>"You are fortunate then. If we can unearth the culprit, he will be
+severely punished."</p>
+
+<p>"I am not so clear on that point. This note was written by Captain
+Kendall."</p>
+
+<p>"Impossible!" exclaimed Mr. Stoute, seizing the note, and examining more
+attentively than he had done before the writing it contained.</p>
+
+<p>It did look like Paul's writing. It was his style,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_224" id="Page_224">[Pg 224]</a></span> and there were not
+more than two students in the Josephine who could have composed the
+French in the document. Those two were Paul and Duncan. But Mr. Stoute
+was unwilling to believe that the captain would resort to such a
+proceeding.</p>
+
+<p>"I shall charge him with it," added Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"I advise you not to do it without more evidence than you have yet
+obtained," said Mr. Stoute, seriously.</p>
+
+<p>"After we return to the vessel I shall probably be able to obtain some
+proof," continued Mr. Hamblin, as he put the letter in his pocket.</p>
+
+<p>When they went to look for the rest of the party, they found them
+forming a line in the square. Present with Mr. Lowington was his
+excellency, the governor of Antwerp, who had just invited the company to
+visit the palace gardens. In even lines, with the officers in their
+proper places, the procession marched across the park and through the
+gates, at which a file of Belgian soldiers presented arms to them. In
+the garden they formed a line on one of the walks. Near the palace,
+walking to and fro, was an old gentleman, but still erect and manly,
+with a glittering decoration on his breast. Several other persons, most
+of them dressed in uniform, or decked with orders, were standing near
+the old gentleman.</p>
+
+<p>Presently the governor of Antwerp approached the ship's company,
+attended by an officer to whom Mr. Lowington was introduced. The three
+then walked towards the old gentleman, to whom the principal was
+presented. The venerable personage bowed gracefully, but did not offer
+to shake hands, or indulge in any republican familiarities.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_225" id="Page_225">[Pg 225]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"That's the King of Belgium," said Dr. Winstock to Paul, as the
+principal and the venerable person approached the line, followed by the
+officials.</p>
+
+<p>"The king!" exclaimed Paul, taken all aback by the announcement; and
+this was the first time he had ever looked upon a live monarch. "He
+seems just like any other man; what shall we do?"</p>
+
+<p>"Give him three Yankee cheers," replied the doctor.</p>
+
+<p>Captain Kendall spoke to the flag-officer and to Captain Haven.</p>
+
+<p>"Three cheers for his majesty the King of Belgium!" called Flag-officer
+Gordon.</p>
+
+<p>They were given with a will, but the "tiger" was omitted in deference to
+royalty. King Leopold gracefully and graciously acknowledged the salute
+by touching his hat, and then walked up and down the line, inspecting
+the ship's company. Mr. Lowington, hat in hand, walked just behind him.
+His majesty then took position in front of the line, and the students
+came to the conclusion that he was going to make a speech; but he did
+not: he spoke to Mr. Lowington again, who went to the line and called
+out the flag-officer and the two captains.</p>
+
+<p>"You are to be presented to the king; don't speak unless you are asked a
+question, and don't turn your back to him," said Mr. Lowington in a low
+tone.</p>
+
+<p>Paul was startled at the idea of being presented to King Leopold, but he
+followed his companions, and in due time was with them handed over to
+the gentleman who had presented the principal, and who proved to be the
+grand chamberlain.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_226" id="Page_226">[Pg 226]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall, commander of the Josephine," said the gentleman, when
+Paul's turn came.</p>
+
+<p>Paul bowed, blushing up to the eyes, when he became conscious that the
+royal gaze was fixed upon him; but he had self-possession enough not to
+overdo the matter, and his salute was as dignified and graceful as that
+of majesty itself. The king smiled when he saw the fine form and
+handsome face of the junior captain.</p>
+
+<p>"Do you command a ship?" asked his majesty, surveying the young officer
+from head to foot, with a pleasant smile on his face.</p>
+
+<p>"I command the Josephine, your majesty; she is not a ship, but a topsail
+schooner of one hundred and sixty tons," replied Paul, satisfied that
+kings speak just like other men.</p>
+
+<p>"You are very young to command a vessel of that size," added the king.</p>
+
+<p>Paul bowed, but made no reply, as no question was asked.</p>
+
+<p>"Can you manage her in a gale?" asked his majesty.</p>
+
+<p>"I think I can, your majesty; at least I have done so within a week on
+the coast of your majesty's dominions."</p>
+
+<p>The king actually laughed at this confident reply. As he bowed slightly,
+Paul, for the first time in his life, backed out, and continued to back
+till he reached his station at the head of the Josephines. The king then
+bowed to the whole line, and retired. As he did so, Flag-officer Gordon
+called for three more<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_227" id="Page_227">[Pg 227]</a></span> cheers. The king turned and bowed again. This
+time the snapper, in the form of the tiger, was applied, which so
+astonished the royal personage that he turned once more, laughed, and
+bowed.</p>
+
+<p>Professor Hamblin looked very nervous and discontented. "That boy" had
+been presented to the king, and he, who had compiled a Greek Grammar, a
+Greek Reader, and edited the Anabasis, had been "left out in the cold."
+If it was possible for a great mind like that of the <i>savant</i> to harbor
+such a vicious feeling as envy, he certainly envied Paul Kendall his
+brief interview with the King of the Belgians.</p>
+
+<p>The party retired from the garden, and returned to the carriages. It
+appeared in explanation of this unexpected honor, that the governor of
+Antwerp had waited on the king that day, and informed him casually of
+the presence of the students of the academy squadron in the capital, and
+he had expressed a desire to see them in a very informal manner. Mr.
+Lowington was no "flunky," and never sought admission to the presence of
+royalty, for himself or his pupils.</p>
+
+<p>As the procession of omnibuses and fiacres moved down to the lower town,
+they were thrown into great excitement by seeing many of the streets and
+houses dressed with flags and other devices. On inquiring at the hotel,
+Mr. Molenschot informed Paul that it was a saint's day, and that a
+religious procession would march through some of the principal streets.</p>
+
+<p>"Go down into the Boulevard d'Anvers, and you will have a good chance to
+see the show," added the landlord.</p>
+
+<p>"What is it?"<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_228" id="Page_228">[Pg 228]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"O, it is really very fine and very grand; but go at once, or you will
+be too late."</p>
+
+<p>The students were permitted to go to the street indicated, and they had
+hardly secured a good place before they heard martial music, playing a
+solemn dirge.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_229" id="Page_229">[Pg 229]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XIV" id="CHAPTER_XIV"></a>CHAPTER XIV.</h2>
+
+<h3>THE VICE-PRINCIPAL.</h3>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/i001.jpg" width="500" height="303" alt="A Religious Procession in Brussels.&mdash;Page 230." title="" />
+<span class="caption">A Religious Procession in Brussels.&mdash;Page 230.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>A crowd of people preceded the procession, as it came out of the Rue de
+Laeken into the Boulevard d'Anvers. At the head of it marched the
+military band, and the <i>cort&eacute;ge</i> was flanked by soldiers of the Belgian
+army, indicating that the government felt an interest in the display.
+The students were on the tiptoe of excitement at the novel spectacle;
+and Paul asked his friend, the doctor, a great many questions which he
+could not answer. The composition and order of the procession were very
+nearly as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">A man bearing a cross on a pole.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Banner.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Little girls dressed in white, with flowers in their hands.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Little boys.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Banner.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Image of the Virgin borne by four men.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">A lamb, very white and clean, led by a string, and</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">decorated with red ribbons, with boys on each</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">side, carrying various emblems.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Young ladies in white.</span><br />
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_230" id="Page_230">[Pg 230]</a></span><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Another image of the Virgin.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">About twenty priests, in white muslin robes, and in</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">satin robes trimmed with gold.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Two boys with censers.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Silken canopy, borne by four men, under which walked</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">two ecclesiastics, in full costume one</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">bearing the Host.</span><br />
+</p>
+
+<p>The canopy was surrounded by men carrying lanterns with silver
+framework, and of peculiar construction. The censers, as they were swung
+backward and forward by the bearers, emitted a dense smoke, which rose
+far above the procession, and marked its progress.</p>
+
+<p>As the <i>cort&eacute;ge</i> approached the spot where the boys stood, the band
+ceased playing, and the priests began to chant the mass to the
+accompaniment of a single base horn. The procession moved very slowly,
+and the rich voices of the priests, mingling with the heavy notes of the
+horn, produced an effect solemn and impressive even on the minds of
+those whose religious education did not prepare them to appreciate such
+a display.</p>
+
+<p>As the host approached, hundreds of the crowd in the street knelt
+reverently upon the pavement, and bowed their heads before the sacred
+emblems. Women and children strewed the path of the procession with
+flowers, green branches, or, in the absence of these, with handfuls of
+colored paper cut into minute pieces. Indeed, the street, in places, was
+literally covered with these votive offerings of the people, who had no
+other means of testifying their reverence for the ceremonial.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_231" id="Page_231">[Pg 231]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>The line filed into the Rue Longue Neuve, which was extensively
+decorated with flags, streamers, and other national and religious
+emblems. In many windows burned a line of candles, in some cases before
+a crucifix. In this street the procession halted, and several of the
+priests moved up an arch forming the entrance to one of the better
+residences. In this recess an altar had been erected, and was covered
+with all the emblems of the Catholic faith. The priests knelt before it,
+and chanted a portion of the service, and then returned to the
+procession, which continued its march up the street; the flowers and
+bits of colored paper filling the air before it, and the people still
+reverently bowing down to the host. The solemn and impressive chanting
+of the priests kindled the pious enthusiasm of the multitude, and as the
+line passed the <i>caf&eacute;s</i> and <i>estaminets</i>, or smoking houses, the pipe,
+the drink, and the gay jest were abandoned, to pay homage to the faith
+of the nation.</p>
+
+<p>The faces of the little children and the white-robed maidens in the
+procession presented an aspect of religious enthusiasm, solemn but not
+sad, which young people seldom wear. Everybody seemed to be carried away
+by the excitement of the scene; all hats were removed, and the utmost
+respect was paid to the representatives and to the emblems of the church
+in the line.</p>
+
+<p>As Paul and his friend followed the spectacle up the street, they saw a
+B&eacute;guine nun kneeling at the altar in the arch, wringing her hands in an
+ecstasy of devotion, while several women were regarding her with an
+admiring reverence, which seemed to indicate that they<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_232" id="Page_232">[Pg 232]</a></span> envied her the
+enjoyment of the heavenly raptures which thrilled her.</p>
+
+<p>"It is very solemn&mdash;isn't it?" said Paul, when they had passed out of
+hearing of the procession.</p>
+
+<p>"It is really moving, even while you have no sympathy with the church
+which makes these displays."</p>
+
+<p>"I think I was never more moved in my life than I was by the chanting of
+those priests. But what is the occasion of all this?"</p>
+
+<p>"I don't know; except that this is some saint's day&mdash;St. James, I
+believe; but there is something of this kind in Brussels nearly every
+Sunday; and I have seen several minor displays in the streets in the
+evening."</p>
+
+<p>"I am surprised to see how much respect the people pay to their
+religion. If they have these displays often, I should think they would
+become stale."</p>
+
+<p>"It appears they do not. I have a great deal more consideration and
+respect for these exhibitions in Belgium than in some other parts of
+Europe, for the reason that all religions enjoy the utmost toleration
+here. The people are almost exclusively Catholic, and yet they permit
+Protestants and Jews entire freedom in the exercise of their religion,
+and pay them their fair share of the government money."</p>
+
+<p>At two o'clock dinner was ready at the H&ocirc;tel Royal; and it need not be
+added that the boys also were ready. Half an hour later the whole party
+had been loaded into stage-coaches, which, in an hour and a half, set
+them down on the battle-field of Waterloo. For two hours they wandered
+about the field, or rather up and down the two principal roads which
+pass through<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_233" id="Page_233">[Pg 233]</a></span> it. On the highest ground of the field, where there is a
+mound two hundred feet high, surmounted by the Belgic Lion, Mr. Mapps
+gave a brief account of the great battle, pointing out the spots of the
+greatest interest, including the road by which Blucher arrived. The
+subject is too vast for these pages; but it will be alluded to in the
+summary of French history in a subsequent volume.</p>
+
+<p>There are several monuments, and columns, and obelisks on the
+battle-field, which mark the fall of distinguished men or their
+burial-places. Beneath the great mound are buried thousands of all the
+armies represented in this historical conflict, which settled, for a
+time, the fate of Europe. The field is the harvest-ground of a multitude
+of beggars, relic-hunters, and guides, who bore visitors almost to death
+with old buttons, musty rags, flattened bullets, bones, and other
+articles, which they produce as keepsakes of the battle. The stock of
+these things probably failed long ago, and the traveller may well be
+suspicious of the genuineness of anything which may be offered to him by
+these leeches.</p>
+
+<p>At six the stages conveyed the tourists to the Groenendael Station, on
+the railway to Namur, where they arrived after a ride of an hour,
+express time. This place is the "Belgian Sheffield," being largely
+engaged in the manufacturing of arms, cutlery, and hardware. Its
+vicinity contains rich mines of iron, coal, and marble. Many battles and
+sieges have occurred in this place; and Don John of Austria, sent by
+Philip II. to subdue the country, was buried here. The city contains a
+population of twenty-six thousand, and is beau<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_234" id="Page_234">[Pg 234]</a></span>tifully located at the
+junction of the Meuse and Sambre Rivers. The train stopped here but an
+hour; and the students roamed through some of the principal streets,
+which, however, were too much like those of places they had visited
+before to excite any especial interest.</p>
+
+<p>Two hours later, they arrived at Li&eacute;ge, which was to be the eastern
+limit of the excursion. As before, Mr. Fluxion had preceded them, and
+engaged accommodations at the hotels. The students were very tired, and
+not disposed to explore the city of the bishops that night. Before
+breakfast on the following morning, Mr. Mapps gave them the history and
+other interesting particulars relating to the city, when they had
+assembled in the old citadel of St. Walburg, which overlooks the town.</p>
+
+<p>"Li&eacute;ge, whose Flemish name is <i>Luik</i>, contains one hundred and nine
+thousand inhabitants, who are principally concerned in the various
+manufactures of iron, and especially in the making of cannon and arms,"
+said the professor. "I observed to you before, that this part of the
+country bears some resemblance to New England. As you have an
+opportunity to observe for yourselves, the scenery is very fine, but
+rather of the pleasant and quiet description.</p>
+
+<p>"The province of Li&eacute;ge, of which this city is the capital, was formerly
+governed by a line of bishops; and those of you who have read Scott's
+Quentin Durward will remember William de la Marck, the Wild Boar of
+Ardennes, whose adventures are located in this vicinity. In the tenth
+century, the bishops of Li&eacute;ge were made sovereigns by the German
+emperor, and received the name of Prince-Bishops. But the burghers of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_235" id="Page_235">[Pg 235]</a></span>
+Li&eacute;ge, like those of Ghent, had a will and a way of their own, and
+frequently rebelled against the bishops, in support of their rights; and
+Charles the Bold took the rulers under his protection. Still they
+persisted in revolting, and Charles destroyed the city, as a punishment,
+in 1468. Fifteen years later, William de la Marck murdered the
+prince-bishop, in order to obtain the mitre-crown for his son. This was
+the beginning of the insurrection, in which, as I have related to you
+before, Charles the Bold compelled the king of France to march against
+the rebels.</p>
+
+<p>"The place was subsequently captured by the French; the bishops were
+expelled at the commencement of the French Revolution, but were restored
+by the Austrians two years later. In 1794 it was annexed to France; but
+after the battle of Waterloo it was incorporated into the new kingdom of
+the Netherlands. In 1830 the old spirit of the burghers of Li&eacute;ge
+revived, and they were among the foremost promoters of the Belgian
+Revolution."</p>
+
+<p>The students descended from the heights, whose fortresses command the
+city, took an outside view of the H&ocirc;tel de Ville, several churches, and
+other public buildings, and breakfasted at nine. Though they had by no
+means exhausted the city, the time would not permit a further
+examination. The train was ready for them; and their next stop was at
+Louvain, which, like Ghent and Bruges, had dwindled down from a
+population of two hundred thousand to thirty-three thousand. It contains
+a magnificent town hall, decorated in the most elaborate style.</p>
+
+<p>From Louvain the party hurried on to Mechlin, or<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_236" id="Page_236">[Pg 236]</a></span> Malines, a picturesque
+old city, still famous for its fine lace. It is about the size of
+Louvain, and, like that, presents a deserted appearance, being only the
+shadow of its former greatness. Its principal object of interest to the
+tourist is the Cathedral of St. Romuald, a structure of the fifteenth
+century, and, like the great churches at Cologne and Antwerp, still
+unfinished. It was built with money obtained by the sale of the pope's
+indulgences, which, happily, "gave out" at last. Its spire, which was to
+have been six hundred and forty feet high, remains incomplete, at little
+more than half this height, which, however, is only eighteen feet less
+than the cross on St. Paul's, in London. The church is an immense
+structure, said to cover nearly two acres of ground. It is the cathedral
+of the Belgian archbishop, or primate.</p>
+
+<p>"There, Paul, we have finished Belgium," said Dr. Winstock, as the train
+started for Antwerp.</p>
+
+<p>"I am glad of it; for I am tired of sight-seeing. It seems to me now
+that I have no desire to see another Cathedral, H&ocirc;tel de Ville, or
+Grande Place," replied Paul, languidly, as he settled himself back in
+his seat.</p>
+
+<p>"A new country will wake you up," laughed the doctor. "I suppose we
+shall be in Rotterdam to-morrow."</p>
+
+<p>"I hope so, though I don't know but I should like blue water better than
+being shut up in these rivers and canals."</p>
+
+<p>"You will get blue water enough before the season is ended."</p>
+
+<p>In half an hour from Malines, the train reached Antwerp. Mr. Fluxion had
+arrived before; and there<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_237" id="Page_237">[Pg 237]</a></span> were two tugs at the Quai Vandyck, which had
+been employed to tow the vessels down the river. They conveyed the
+students on board, and the orders for sailing were given immediately.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin, who had not yet recovered from his disappointment, hastened
+to the cabin. He commenced a diligent search for papers written by the
+captain, in order to compare their penmanship with that of the forged
+note. As Mr. Stoute had been compelled to acknowledge, there was a
+general resemblance between the handwriting of Paul and that of the
+unknown scribbler of the note. Though a minute comparison failed to
+establish any closer connection between them, the professor wanted to
+make out his point; and it was not difficult for him to find a
+particular similarity.</p>
+
+<p>Paul was busy on deck, getting the Josephine under weigh, and Mr.
+Hamblin had the cabin to himself for his investigation. The stamp on the
+paper of the fictitious note had already excited his attention, and he
+took the liberty to enter Paul's state-room, in search of some like it.
+He opened the upper drawer of the bureau, which formed a writing-table
+when the front was dropped. The first object that attracted his
+attention was a package of paper of the size, and apparently of the
+quality, he sought. He picked up a quire of it, and a smile of
+vindictive satisfaction played upon his wrinkled face, as he discovered
+upon it the identical stamp of the forged note.</p>
+
+<p>His case was made out, and great was his joy. Paul would certainly be
+disgraced and removed for such an outrage as a practical joke upon one
+of the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_238" id="Page_238">[Pg 238]</a></span> most dignified instructors in the squadron. We must do Mr.
+Hamblin the justice to say, that he did not wish to prove any more than
+he believed to be true; but it is very easy for a prejudiced person to
+believe a great deal against one who has offended him. A student who was
+not fond of Greek could not be a very noble, or even a very upright one;
+and he was confident that, when Paul's true character became known, when
+he was no longer stimulated to great deeds by his high office, he would
+prove to be a very different person from what he now appeared to be.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin confiscated a half quire of the paper, and secured several
+French exercises written by Captain Kendall, to be used as evidence
+against him. He then searched the vessel for similar paper in the
+possession of other students, but found none. He went on deck, to
+ascertain what was to be done; for Mr. Lowington had assured him he
+would not be any longer obliged to sail in the same vessel with the
+obnoxious student. A boat from the ship was alongside, and Mr. Fluxion
+had just stepped on board. The boatswain was hoisting his baggage out of
+the boat, which indicated that he was to remain.</p>
+
+<p>Paul was reading an order just handed to him by Mr. Fluxion, which
+appeared to settle the difficulty between him and the learned professor.
+The order was in these words:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p>Mr. James E. Fluxion is hereby appointed vice-principal of the academy
+squadron, and will be obeyed and respected accordingly.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Fluxion is also hereby instructed temporarily<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_239" id="Page_239">[Pg 239]</a></span> to discharge the
+duties of Professor of Greek, Latin, and Mathematics, on board of the
+Josephine.</p>
+
+<p class="author"><span class="smcap">R. Lowington</span>, <i>Principal</i>.</p>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>The new vice-principal handed a note to Mr. Hamblin as he came upon
+deck, in which he was directed to repair, with his baggage, on board of
+the ship. The learned gentleman was not quite satisfied with this
+arrangement. It looked a little ominous.</p>
+
+<p>"Have you no order for Captain Kendall, Mr. Fluxion?" he asked, as the
+vice-principal waited for him to read his letter.</p>
+
+<p>"I have given him an order from the principal."</p>
+
+<p>"Is he not directed to go on board of the ship?"</p>
+
+<p>"He is not."</p>
+
+<p>"I have preferred charges against him, and I was led to believe that he
+would be suspended," added Mr. Hamblin, who was not quite sure that he
+was not to be suspended himself.</p>
+
+<p>"No order to that effect was sent by me," replied Mr. Fluxion. "You will
+excuse me, but the vessel is about to get under weigh."</p>
+
+<p>"I am not satisfied with these proceedings. I complained to Mr.
+Lowington that it was impossible for me to instruct my classes while
+they were under the influence of Captain Kendall. No notice appears to
+have been taken of my charges."</p>
+
+<p>"I think some notice has been taken of them. You are directed to report
+to the principal, with your baggage, on board of the ship."</p>
+
+<p>"Am I to be punished instead of that obstinate and impudent pupil?"
+demanded the professor.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_240" id="Page_240">[Pg 240]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I have nothing to say about it, Mr. Hamblin," added Mr. Fluxion,
+sharply. "If you are not going to the ship, we will weigh anchor and
+proceed on our voyage."</p>
+
+<p>The professor went down into his state-room, and hastily packed his
+trunk, which was brought up and put in the boat by one of the stewards.
+The students watched these movements with the deepest interest, and they
+could hardly conceal their satisfaction when it was clear that the
+obnoxious instructor was going to leave the Josephine, "bag and
+baggage." There was a great deal of punching each other in the ribs, a
+great deal of half-suppressed chuckling, and a very decided inclination
+to give three cheers. A few of the more prudent ones checked any noisy
+demonstration; but the moment that Mr. Hamblin went over the side was a
+very joyous one.</p>
+
+<p>The Josephine tripped her anchor, and, hugged by the steam-tug, stood
+down the river on her way to Rotterdam. Mr. Fluxion went below, and
+installed himself in the state-room vacated by Professor Hamblin. Mr.
+Stoute gave the vice-principal a hearty welcome; and it was soon evident
+that they were men who could cordially agree. Paul was delighted with
+the change; for if there was any one in the squadron, besides the
+principal and the doctor, for whom he had a high regard and a thorough
+respect, it was Mr. Fluxion. He was a sailor from the sole of his foot
+to the crown of his head. He had visited all the maritime ports of
+Europe, spoke half a dozen modern languages with facility, and was
+popular with the boys. He was a sharp disciplinarian, and the students
+found it<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_241" id="Page_241">[Pg 241]</a></span> difficult to outwit him. He knew all the tricks of sailors,
+and especially of man-of-war's men. He was the right hand man of Mr.
+Lowington, and the new arrangement, whereby the professor had been
+created vice-principal, and sent on board the consort, was to prevent
+the recurrence of such an incident as that which had imperilled her in
+the German Ocean during the squall.</p>
+
+<p>Though Paul felt that his own powers were in some degree abridged by the
+presence of the new officer, whose authority, unlike that of the
+instructors before, extended to the vessel, and was equal to that of Mr.
+Lowington, he was now satisfied. A competent person was present, with
+whom he could share the responsibility of the navigation of the vessel
+in case of an emergency. He was on the best of terms with Mr. Fluxion,
+and he was happier than he had been before since the Josephine sailed
+from Hull. Leaving him to the enjoyment of the new order of things, we
+will follow Mr. Hamblin on board of the ship.</p>
+
+<p>The barge ran up alongside, and the professor's trunk was hoisted on
+board. As soon as the students saw the barge and the baggage, which
+indicated that the obnoxious old gentleman had been transferred to the
+Young America, a murmur of disapprobation went through the ship.</p>
+
+<p>"I say, Wilton, we are to have that old humbug in the ship!" exclaimed
+Perth, the chief of the Red Cross Knights, who, however, had changed
+their name to the Knights of the Golden Fleece.</p>
+
+<p>"That's so," replied Wilton, who had contrived to keep out of the brig
+nearly a week. "He has his plunder with him."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_242" id="Page_242">[Pg 242]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"We must do as the Josephines did," added Perth, in a whisper.</p>
+
+<p>"What's that?"</p>
+
+<p>"Get rid of him. This shall be the first job of the Knights of the
+Golden Fleece. McDougal, who is a capital fellow, told me all about how
+the fellows in the Josephine managed it."</p>
+
+<p>"I heard they had been hazing him."</p>
+
+<p>"That they did," laughed Perth. "There is fun in the thing. If the old
+fossil was a decent fellow, of course we wouldn't disturb him. Just as
+soon as he made a row on board, all the fellows took the captain's part.
+Morgan dropped him into the river, by drawing out the nail that held the
+boat-hook in the wood; Blount dropped a coil of signal halyards on his
+head; and McDougal ducked him with the hose-pipe; and the old fellow got
+a bogus letter from Antwerp, inviting him to visit some of those kings,
+or something of that sort."</p>
+
+<p>"Who sent the letter?" asked Wilton, greatly interested, as he always
+was, in anything of this kind.</p>
+
+<p>"Nobody knows; at least McDougal says so. When we were at Brussels, the
+old Greek went to see some big fellow there,&mdash;the king or some
+minister,&mdash;and the big bug wouldn't look at him. One of our fellows
+heard Stoute telling the doctor about it; and Fatty was so tickled that
+he shook just like a freshly-baked cup-custard. There goes the
+boatswain's whistle. We are off now," added Perth, as he sprang to his
+place at the capstan.</p>
+
+<p>The anchor had before been hove short, and in a few moments the Young
+America, also in the warm<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_243" id="Page_243">[Pg 243]</a></span> embrace of a powerful steam-tug, moved down
+the river.</p>
+
+<p>"All hands in the rigging!" shouted the first lieutenant, as the ship
+approached the Victoria and Albert.</p>
+
+<p>The students ran up the shrouds like monkeys, and stationed themselves
+in the rigging.</p>
+
+<p>"Three cheers for the Queen of England," called Goodwin; and they were
+given with becoming zeal.</p>
+
+<p>A lady dressed in black, who was walking the promenade deck, near the
+dining saloon, bowed and waved her handkerchief. That lady was Queen
+Victoria. The Josephine at this moment came up on the other side, and
+delivered her round of cheers. Mr. Fluxion carried the intelligence on
+board that the queen had returned, and that the yacht would sail that
+evening; and all hands were on the lookout for her majesty. She bowed
+and waved her handkerchief to the Josephines, as she had to the students
+in the ship.</p>
+
+<p>She was not very distinctly seen by the curious students in either
+vessel, and appeared like a stout "dumpy" little woman, in no respect
+different from any other lady. In spite of this fact, it was voted to be
+a big thing to have seen the Queen of England; and the king of the
+little realm of Belgium sank into insignificance, compared with her.</p>
+
+<p>"She don't look like a queen," said Captain Haven to Mr. Mapps, who
+stood next to him.</p>
+
+<p>"Did you expect to see her with her crown and coronation robes on, and
+with the sceptre in her hand?" laughed the professor.</p>
+
+<p>"Not exactly; but I was not prepared to see a lady<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_244" id="Page_244">[Pg 244]</a></span> so much like any
+well-dressed woman we meet in the street."</p>
+
+<p>"Let me see," said Mr. Mapps, glancing at the shore, intent upon
+renewing his favorite topic, "Fort St. Laurent must have been here; and
+this is where Van Speyk went down, or rather went up."</p>
+
+<p>"Who was Van Speyk?"</p>
+
+<p>"He was the commander of a Dutch gunboat, in the revolution of 1830. His
+vessel wouldn't come about&mdash;what do you call it?"</p>
+
+<p>"Missed stays, sir," replied Captain Haven.</p>
+
+<p>"Missed stays, and got aground right under the guns of the fort. He was
+ordered to surrender, but refused to do so, though there was not the
+least chance for him to make a successful resistance. He was determined
+that the rebels should not have his vessel, and, rushing down into the
+powder-magazine, he said his prayers, and coolly laid his lighted cigar
+on an open barrel of powder. An explosion followed which shook the whole
+city. Twenty-eight, out of thirty-one on board, including the heroic
+captain, were killed&mdash;blown up into the air. A monument to his memory
+was erected by the side of that of De Ruiter, and the government pledged
+itself that a vessel in the Dutch navy should always bear the name of
+Van Speyk."</p>
+
+<p>"He was a good fellow," replied the captain, warmly.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_245" id="Page_245">[Pg 245]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XV" id="CHAPTER_XV"></a>CHAPTER XV.</h2>
+
+<h3>THE PROFESSOR'S CHARGE.</h3>
+
+
+<p>"I say, Perth, I've been a good boy for more than a week, and I begin to
+be ashamed of myself for my want of activity," said Wilton, who had
+seated himself on the bowsprit-cap, while his companion was reclining on
+the flying jib. "I shall spoil if there is not something going on soon."</p>
+
+<p>"We'll go on that cruise in the Josephine just as soon as we can bring
+things round right," added Perth.</p>
+
+<p>"It's no use to think of that while we are moored fifty or a hundred
+miles from the sea," continued Wilton.</p>
+
+<p>"Of course not. Rotterdam is away up the river, with a bar at its mouth
+having only seven feet of water on it at low tide. You must go over
+that, or by the canal, which runs through an island. Do you know where
+we go next?"</p>
+
+<p>"I heard some of the fellows say we were going to the southward soon."</p>
+
+<p>"If that's so I should suppose we shall go into Dieppe or Havre," said
+Perth.</p>
+
+<p>"I heard Havre mentioned. How will that suit?"</p>
+
+<p>"First rate!" exclaimed the embryo captain of the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_246" id="Page_246">[Pg 246]</a></span> proposed prize, for
+the Knights depended upon Perth for the navigation of the Josephine,
+when their long-cherished plan should be put in execution.</p>
+
+<p>"I suppose we shall not stay in Holland more than a week."</p>
+
+<p>"No, I hope not. Lowington is afraid we shall all get sick if we stay
+here long."</p>
+
+<p>"Havre is just the place for us. It has an open harbor, and we can go to
+sea from there without any difficulty. Besides, there's another thing
+that will favor us."</p>
+
+<p>"What's that?" asked Wilton.</p>
+
+<p>"All the fellows will go to Paris when the ship is there, and we can
+have a first-rate chance to operate while they are gone."</p>
+
+<p>"I don't know about that. Our fellows will all want to go to Paris with
+the rest. I want to go there myself," suggested Wilton.</p>
+
+<p>"We may as well give it up, then," added Perth.</p>
+
+<p>"We must see Paris, anyhow."</p>
+
+<p>"I'll tell you what we can do. We can run round through the Straits of
+Gibraltar, and up the Mediterranean to Marseilles. From there we can all
+go to Paris.".</p>
+
+<p>"That will be a long cruise," said Wilton.</p>
+
+<p>"No matter for that. The longer the better."</p>
+
+<p>"How far is it?"</p>
+
+<p>"Not less than two thousand miles. We could go in ten or fifteen days,"
+added Perth, warming up as he anticipated the pleasure of the runaway
+cruise. "After we get into the Mediterranean, we can run along the coast
+of Spain, go into port as often as we like, and have a first-rate time
+generally."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_247" id="Page_247">[Pg 247]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"But don't you suppose Lowington will follow us?"</p>
+
+<p>"No matter if he does. We can beat the Young America on a wind from
+Monday morning till Saturday night. If we find the ship is overhauling
+us, all we have to do is to hug the wind, and we can give her the slip."</p>
+
+<p>"We haven't money enough to pay the expenses of such a trip," said
+Wilton.</p>
+
+<p>"There's plenty of money in the Josephine. But we don't need much. The
+vessel has a year's provisions in her hold."</p>
+
+<p>"Salt junk and hard tack," suggested Wilton, who was not partial to this
+diet.</p>
+
+<p>"That will do very well while we are at sea; and when we get to Spain we
+can buy things cheap. Besides, our fellows are going to raise some money
+on their own account," said Perth, in a whisper.</p>
+
+<p>"How's that?" asked the other, curiously.</p>
+
+<p>"Every one of the Knights wrote home to have their folks send them some
+money at Paris,&mdash;or every one but you and Munroe; and the game was
+played out with you and him, for you had some sent to you in London."</p>
+
+<p>"Yes; and Lowington got it," replied Wilton in disgust.</p>
+
+<p>"We fixed it all right. We shall find loose change enough on board of
+the Josephine to keep us happy till we get to Paris, by the way of
+Marseilles, and then we shall be rotten with stamps."</p>
+
+<p>"But don't you expect to be caught some time or other?" inquired Wilton,
+whose experience on a former occasion seemed to point in this
+direction.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_248" id="Page_248">[Pg 248]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"No matter if we are. We must be ready for that; but we will be jolly
+while we have things our own way."</p>
+
+<p>"It's no use to talk about it yet," added Wilton, with a yawn, for the
+wild scheme seemed so far off to him that he could not enter into the
+spirit of it yet.</p>
+
+<p>"It won't be more than a week or ten days before we shall be ready to
+make a strike. You know we must all cut up so as to be left on board."</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, and some one will be left on board with us, just as it happened at
+Cowes."</p>
+
+<p>"It won't be Fluxion, anyhow; for he has been transferred to the
+Josephine, and we can come it over any other of the professors. However,
+we must feel our way, and the first thing we have to do is to get left
+on board."</p>
+
+<p>"Humph! That's easy enough," said Wilton, who had never found any
+difficulty in being left behind, or in being condemned to the brig.</p>
+
+<p>"We must make a sure thing of it next time; but it won't do to run away
+with a boat again. Hush up! There comes that old stick-in-the-mud from
+the Josephine," added Perth, lowering his voice to a whisper.</p>
+
+<p>The gentleman thus discourteously alluded to was Mr. Hamblin,who had
+climbed upon the topgallant forecastle for the purpose of obtaining a
+view of the region through which the vessel was passing. As the two boys
+were far out on the bowsprit, over the water, he did not venture to
+approach any nearer to them; yet the excessive prudence which the
+Knights practised required them to keep silence whenever there was a
+possibility that a word might be overheard by the uninitiated.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_249" id="Page_249">[Pg 249]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I wish he would come up here," whispered Wilton, from the corner of his
+mouth.</p>
+
+<p>"Why?"</p>
+
+<p>"I would contrive some way to spill him into the drink," chuckled the
+ever-willing conspirator.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin was then cool and self-possessed, and he did not venture out
+upon the treacherous spar, and the entangling rigging, so that the
+wretch on the cap had no opportunity to give him a second bath in the
+dirty Scheldt. The learned gentleman was looking for the site of the
+Duke of Parma's Bridge, but he couldn't find it, and presently retired.
+He was not much interested in the Spanish operations in Flanders, though
+he felt it his duty to see a spot so noted in history&mdash;it was so
+effective, before a class of students, to be able to say he had seen the
+place alluded to in the text-book. He was, in fact, more concerned to
+know what Mr. Lowington's decision was, and he was waiting impatiently
+for an interview with him.</p>
+
+<p>"The old hunks is too mean for the Josephines, and he has been quartered
+upon us!" exclaimed Wilton, as the professor descended to the main deck.
+"The fellows in the consort say he is as grouty as a mud turtle, and as
+crabbed as an owl at noonday. He snubs every one that makes a blunder,
+and rips at the class half the time."</p>
+
+<p>"They say Lowington don't like him much better than the fellows do,"
+added Perth.</p>
+
+<p>It would be difficult to explain how any of the students had reached
+this conclusion; but it is certain that boys understand their guardians
+and instructors much better than the latter generally suppose.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_250" id="Page_250">[Pg 250]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Perth, I think we might as well have our liberty stopped for serving
+out Old Crabs, as for anything else," suggested Wilton.</p>
+
+<p>"I'm willing; the Knights will do that job handsomely, you may bet your
+life."</p>
+
+<p>"But we musn't get caught too soon."</p>
+
+<p>"We work in the dark, and we can do the thing as well as the Josephines
+did."</p>
+
+<p>"Let's study up something at once, and put him through a course of
+sprouts. I don't believe in tolerating a professor who was too mean for
+the Josephine," replied Wilton, shaking his head, as though a personal
+indignity had been put upon him.</p>
+
+<p>"All right; we will be ready as soon as he is. What's the row on deck?"
+continued Perth, rising from his seat, as a group of students gathered
+in the rigging, and on such elevations as would enable them to see over
+the bulwarks.</p>
+
+<p>"Only one of Mapps's long yarns," answered Wilton.</p>
+
+<p>"I'm going down to see what it is."</p>
+
+<p>Perth went down, but Wilton had not the slightest interest in anything
+Mr. Mapps had to say; and he stretched himself on the jib, which had
+been cast loose ready to hoist, in case it should be required.</p>
+
+<p>"This is the place where the Duke of Parma built his great bridge over
+the Scheldt," said the professor of history, as the students gathered
+around him.</p>
+
+<p>"What did he build the bridge for?" asked one of them.</p>
+
+<p>"In order to close the navigation of the river, and thus prevent the
+people of Antwerp from obtaining<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_251" id="Page_251">[Pg 251]</a></span> provisions, which came to them from
+Holland. When the Prince of Orange was assassinated, the Duke of Parma
+was making his preparations to subdue the country. By the death of the
+prince Holland was left without an effective leader, while in the duke
+Spain had one of the most accomplished and energetic generals of his
+age. Parma saw that Antwerp was the key to the situation, and he
+directed his whole attention to its capture.</p>
+
+<p>"Before this time the Prince of Orange had realized that the loss of
+Antwerp would be the loss of the whole of the region which is now called
+Belgium; and when it was clear in what direction his skilful antagonist
+proposed to operate, he had advised the cutting of the dike on your
+right, which would lay the country under water, and open a channel of
+communication with Holland and Zealand by water. Unfortunately, his
+advice was disregarded till the duke had secured the dikes&mdash;a neglect
+which caused the loss of Antwerp, and with it the whole of Flanders.</p>
+
+<p>"Though Parma had erected forts all along the banks of the river, the
+hardy Dutchmen ran the gantlet of them, and Antwerp was well supplied
+with food, the price being four times as much as in Holland. The people
+of the city, and even their leaders, ridiculed the idea of constructing
+the bridge, and took no steps to prevent it. The death of Orange caused
+a panic throughout the Netherlands, of which the shrewd Parma took
+advantage, and urged on his preparations. Though crippled in a measure
+by the neglect of his sovereign to supply him<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_252" id="Page_252">[Pg 252]</a></span> with men and money, the
+bridge was completed in the face of tremendous obstacles. It was
+twenty-four hundred feet long, and composed of thirty-two boats, or
+vessels, bound together by hawsers, cables, and beams. On each side was
+a wall of timbers, and on the structure guns were planted for its
+defence. A fort was erected at each end, heavily armed and manned.</p>
+
+<p>"When the bridge was finished, the Antwerpers, who had laughed to scorn
+the idea of such a structure, found that their supplies were cut off.
+They made two attempts to break through the bridge, but failed in both,
+though in one of them they made a breach by exploding a fire-ship, and
+destroyed nearly a thousand Spanish soldiers, and Parma himself was
+knocked senseless. The attempt was not followed up with sufficient
+energy, and the Spaniard had time to repair the work. Antwerp, deprived
+of provisions by the skill and determination of the duke, was starved
+out and compelled to surrender. The country continued under the Spanish
+yoke, while the United Provinces maintained their independence."</p>
+
+<p>The attentive audience which had gathered around the professor separated
+when he had finished the story. Some of them went aloft, to look over
+the dikes, and with their eyes followed the long lines of ditches and
+canals which extended into the interior.</p>
+
+<p>In the mean time, Mr. Hamblin walked the deck very uneasily, waiting for
+an opportunity to discuss his position with the principal. The studies
+of the classes were to be resumed on the following day, and he was
+anxious to know what disposition was to be<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_253" id="Page_253">[Pg 253]</a></span> made of him. The ship was
+already provided with an excellent instructor in Greek and Latin; and
+only in the department of mathematics was there a vacancy, made by the
+transfer of Mr. Fluxion. It would be impossible for Mr. Hamblin to teach
+anything but Greek and Latin, though he had had some experience in the
+other branches.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington seemed to be provokingly indifferent on the subject, and
+the professor was at last compelled to ask an interview, which, however,
+his dignity compelled him to defer till the ship was approaching
+Flushing, when the steamer was to leave her. The principal understood
+the character of the learned gentleman very well, and knew that any
+manifestation of anxiety on his own part would so inflate the vanity of
+the professor that he could do nothing with him; but he granted the
+interview when it was demanded.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Lowington, I am rather desirous of knowing what is to be done,"
+said the <i>savant</i>, when they were alone in the main cabin. "I find that
+Mr. Fluxion has been transferred to the place I filled on the Josephine.
+As you are aware, I was employed to teach Latin and Greek."</p>
+
+<p>"I am aware of it," replied the principal, still appearing to be
+singularly indifferent in such a momentous crisis, as it seemed to Mr.
+Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"I presume Mr. Fluxion is competent to teach the classics."</p>
+
+<p>"Entirely competent. He was assigned, in the beginning, to the
+department of navigation, on account of his knowledge of practical
+seamanship. I don't know that he has any superior as a teacher of the
+classics."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_254" id="Page_254">[Pg 254]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin did not like this answer. The principal had no business to
+think that any one was <i>his</i> equal in the department of Greek and Latin,
+especially the former. Mr. Fluxion had never written a Greek Grammar,
+compiled a Greek Reader, and edited the Anabasis. The remark of the
+principal was very injudicious.</p>
+
+<p>"Having been displaced from my position in the consort, I am rather
+desirous of knowing what is to be done with me," added the professor,
+choking down his disgust.</p>
+
+<p>"I hope we shall be able to make an arrangement that will be
+satisfactory to you, at least for the present," replied the principal.
+"I have had some consultation with the instructors; and Mr. Paradyme has
+obligingly consented to take the department of mathematics in the ship
+for a time, and the Greek and Latin will be assigned to you."</p>
+
+<p>"This arrangement is entirely satisfactory to me, Mr. Lowington,"
+answered the professor, who was really delighted to obtain what was
+regarded as the senior professorship in the squadron; and it seemed
+quite fitting that the place should be given to him.</p>
+
+<p>"This is only a temporary arrangement," added the principal, desirous to
+prevent any misunderstanding in the future.</p>
+
+<p>This was not entirely satisfactory to Mr. Hamblin, who thought a thing
+so fitly done ought to be permanent.</p>
+
+<p>"It is not pleasant for me to feel unsettled, and to be liable to a
+change at any time," said the professor. "I think I should prefer my
+place in the Josephine."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_255" id="Page_255">[Pg 255]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Since you and the captain of the Josephine cannot agree, it does not
+appear to be practicable for you to remain there."</p>
+
+<p>"Do you expect me to submit when insulted by a pupil, Mr. Lowington?"
+asked Mr. Hamblin, solemnly. "Will you allow a student to insult me?"</p>
+
+<p>"I will neither allow a student to insult you, nor you to insult a
+student," replied the principal, with the most refreshing frankness.</p>
+
+<p>"You will not allow <i>me</i> to insult a pupil!" exclaimed Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"Certainly not."</p>
+
+<p>"Do you think me capable of doing such a thing?"</p>
+
+<p>"I am sorry to say you have proved that you are. You called one of them
+a puppy."</p>
+
+<p>"But not until&mdash;"</p>
+
+<p>"Excuse me, Mr. Hamblin. I do not purpose to discuss this matter again."</p>
+
+<p>"May I ask if you sustain Mr. Kendall in his conduct towards me?"</p>
+
+<p>"I do&mdash;fully."</p>
+
+<p>"I am astonished, sir!"</p>
+
+<p>"So am I&mdash;astonished that a gentleman of your learning and ability
+should so demean himself as to apply offensive epithets to his pupils.
+In the first place, you had no right to interfere with the discipline of
+the vessel; and when Captain Kendall told you that he commanded the
+Josephine, he said no more than the truth, and no more than the
+circumstances required him to say. In the second place, after you called
+him a puppy, and repeated the epithet, on the quarter-deck, I could not
+have blamed him if he had<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_256" id="Page_256">[Pg 256]</a></span> put you in irons. I approve his conduct
+fully. As you insulted him before his officers and crew, it was
+necessary that he should vindicate himself before them."</p>
+
+<p>"I am afraid this vessel is no place for me," said the professor, with
+extreme disgust.</p>
+
+<p>"I am afraid not, if you cannot observe the rules of the ship."</p>
+
+<p>"I think I have observed the rules, sir. Mr. Kendall used every means in
+his power to annoy me; and still you sustain him in it. He knows that
+you are partial to him."</p>
+
+<p>"I am not aware that Captain Kendall used any means to annoy you."</p>
+
+<p>"I think you do not know that boy as well as I do. A rope was thrown
+down upon my head: the offence was suffered to pass unnoticed by Mr.
+Kendall. I was wilfully or carelessly thrown into the river; the captain
+did not consult me, but made his inquiries in private, and of course the
+culprits escaped."</p>
+
+<p>"You were thrown into the river by your own carelessness, Mr. Hamblin. I
+saw the whole of it."</p>
+
+<p>"So Mr. Kendall told me, in the most offensive tones. I do not complain
+of these things; I only mention them for the sequel. A boy drenched me
+with water; he begged my pardon on his knees, and I forgave him; but
+this offence the captain punishes in the most severe manner. Why?
+Apparently because I&mdash;the only sufferer&mdash;had forgiven the offender."</p>
+
+<p>"It was necessary for the captain to put a stop to such pranks."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_257" id="Page_257">[Pg 257]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"But he did not use good judgment. McDougal explained the matter, and
+was exceedingly sorry."</p>
+
+<p>"But he drenched you on purpose."</p>
+
+<p>"Impossible, sir!"</p>
+
+<p>The principal called one of the stewards, and sent for McDougal, who
+presently appeared. He had already confessed that the drenching was not
+an accident, and he repeated his statement, to the utter astonishment of
+the discomfited pedagogue. During the excursion on shore, some of the
+Josephines had told him that the trouble between Paul and the professor
+had been on his account; and he had made the confession in order to
+justify the captain, at whatever cost to himself. The spirited conduct
+of the young commander had filled the boys with admiration, and they
+were determined that he should not suffer, whoever else did.</p>
+
+<p>"You did it on purpose&mdash;did you?" repeated the <i>savant</i>. "May I ask why
+you did it?"</p>
+
+<p>"The fellows didn't like you, and were bound to get you out of the
+Josephine," replied McDougal, candidly.</p>
+
+<p>"The fellows!" exclaimed Mr. Hamblin. "Were there others concerned in
+this iniquitous transaction?"</p>
+
+<p>"More than a dozen of them."</p>
+
+<p>"Did you write the letter to me which purported to come from the Belgian
+Minister of Foreign Affairs?"</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"Who did?"</p>
+
+<p>"I don't know, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"You don't know! Don't lie to me," said the professor, sternly.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_258" id="Page_258">[Pg 258]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I do not."</p>
+
+<p>"I know," added the learned gentleman, turning to the principal.</p>
+
+<p>"McDougal, you say that a dozen boys were concerned in your proceedings.
+Who were they?"</p>
+
+<p>"I would rather not tell, sir. I am willing to own up to all I did
+myself."</p>
+
+<p>"You hear that, Mr. Lowington?" exclaimed the professor, with horror.</p>
+
+<p>"Of course I hear it, Mr. Hamblin," replied the principal, impatiently.
+"You may leave, McDougal."</p>
+
+<p>"Leave, sir!" ejaculated Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"Go, McDougal;" and he went. "You said you knew who wrote the fictitious
+letter, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"I do."</p>
+
+<p>"Who was it?"</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Lowington, if that boy you sent away had told the whole truth, he
+would have confessed that Mr. Kendall was at the bottom of all these
+infamous proceedings."</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall!"</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir; especially the plan to throw me into the water. When I
+demanded a boat, I mentioned the gig. It was refused. Why? Because the
+crew of the first cutter had been instructed to tip me overboard! It is
+very strange that no one but myself has been able to understand the
+vicious intentions of the boys."</p>
+
+<p>"The gig is the captain's boat. The regulations require the captain to
+give the professors the first cutter," explained Mr. Lowington.</p>
+
+<p>"I was not aware of it at the time; but I am satis<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_259" id="Page_259">[Pg 259]</a></span>fied that the crew of
+the first cutter had been instructed to pitch me into the river."</p>
+
+<p>"If they were, you were very obliging to assist them as you did," added
+the principal. "But go on. Do you suppose Captain Kendall instructed
+McDougal to drench you with water?"</p>
+
+<p>"Very likely."</p>
+
+<p>"And then inflicted the severest punishment upon him for doing it? It is
+absurd! That was the third and last offence. The captain put an end to
+these tricks by his well-timed energy, and I am sure he had no part or
+lot in them. Do you think he got some one to write the letter to you?"</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir; I think he did it himself," replied the professor, more
+calmly, as he came to what he considered his stronghold.</p>
+
+<p>"I am not willing to believe it."</p>
+
+<p>"I am prepared to prove it, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"If Kendall has been guilty of such conduct,&mdash;if it can be shown that he
+wrote the letter, or that he knew of its being written,&mdash;I will not only
+suspend him, but I will reduce him to a common sailor, and confine him
+in the brig," said the principal, with no little agitation.</p>
+
+<p>This strong speech looked like the dawn of reason to Mr. Hamblin, and he
+hastened to produce his evidence. The letter and several exercises
+written by Paul were first placed on the cabin table, to enable Mr.
+Lowington to compare the penmanship.</p>
+
+<p>"There is a strong similarity in them, I grant; but they are all written
+in the common school-boy hand of the United States," added the
+principal.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_260" id="Page_260">[Pg 260]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"There is a stronger resemblance than that. The capital A's are the
+same; the small r's are identical."</p>
+
+<p>"But the small a's are different."</p>
+
+<p>"Doubtless he disguised his hand to some extent."</p>
+
+<p>"Is this all the proof you have?" asked Mr. Lowington, somewhat
+relieved.</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir," replied the professor, triumphantly, as he exhibited the
+paper he had taken from Paul's state-room, which was different from any
+he had been able to find in either vessel. "The paper is identical, you
+perceive."</p>
+
+<p>"I see that it is."</p>
+
+<p>"And no other student has such paper."</p>
+
+<p>"The ship has provided paper for the students, but none like this," said
+Mr. Lowington, with a sigh.</p>
+
+<p>"I think you will consider the case proved," added Mr. Hamblin,
+exultingly.</p>
+
+<p>"By no means. Enough has been shown to warrant an inquiry. I will make
+an investigation immediately."</p>
+
+<p>This was all Mr. Hamblin could ask; and, confident that Captain Kendall
+would be convicted, he left the cabin, as the captain of the Belgian
+steamer came in to settle for the towage.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_261" id="Page_261">[Pg 261]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XVI" id="CHAPTER_XVI"></a>CHAPTER XVI.</h2>
+
+<h3>CAPTAIN KENDALL'S DEFENCE.</h3>
+
+
+<p>The squadron remained off Flushing long enough for Mr. Fluxion to visit
+the shore, and ascertain the condition of the "Wel tevreeden." The
+repairs were going on, but were not completed, and the cost of them
+could not yet be determined. The vice-principal, however, obtained such
+information in regard to the probable expense, as to enable him to make
+a final settlement. Captain Schimmelpennink came off to the Josephine
+with him on his return. It was certain that eleven hundred guilders
+would cover the whole expense of putting the galiot in perfect repair,
+and the balance of this sum was handed to the skipper.</p>
+
+<p>If there ever was a grateful man in the world, that man was the captain
+of the "Wel tevreeden." In addition to the energetic speeches he made
+through the interpreter, he indulged in some very pretty and significant
+gesticulations, which the officers and crew could comprehend. The
+students were happy in the good deed they had done&mdash;quite as happy as
+the the skipper himself. In addition to the sum expended, there was five
+hundred and fifty-four guilders in the hands of the treasurer, which was
+to be used for some similar object when presented to them.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_262" id="Page_262">[Pg 262]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>While Mr. Fluxion was absent at Flushing, Mr. Lowington had gone on
+board of the Josephine, and, taking Paul into his state-room, had
+exhibited the fictitious note to him, stating the charge made against
+him by Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"I need not say, Captain Kendall, that this is a very serious charge,"
+added the principal, solemnly.</p>
+
+<p>"I think it is, sir," replied Paul, blushing deeply. "If you think I
+wrote that letter, sir, I hope you will do your duty."</p>
+
+<p>"I certainly shall, though it break my heart."</p>
+
+<p>"Whatever you do, sir, it will not alter my regard for you."</p>
+
+<p>"I am already accused of partiality towards you, Captain Kendall," added
+Mr. Lowington. "I confess that I never had a pupil for whom I cherished
+so high an esteem and so warm a regard."</p>
+
+<p>"Thank you, sir. You are now, as you always have been, very kind to me,"
+replied Paul, hardly able to restrain the tears in which his emotions
+demanded expression.</p>
+
+<p>"I must say that I deem this charge groundless and absurd; but I cannot
+explain it away. The writing in the note resembles yours in some
+respects; and the fact that the kind of paper on which the note is
+written is found in your possession alone has not been explained. Do you
+know anything about this note?"</p>
+
+<p>"Nothing, sir; only that it came in the mail with the rest of the
+Josephine's letters."</p>
+
+<p>"When did you get the paper which Mr. Hamblin found in your writing
+desk?"<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_263" id="Page_263">[Pg 263]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I bought it in Antwerp on Tuesday afternoon, when we went on shore,"
+replied Paul, promptly.</p>
+
+<p>"I shall be obliged to inquire further into this matter. You will have
+all hands called."</p>
+
+<p>They left the state-room together, and the first lieutenant ordered the
+ship's company to be piped to quarters. Without any definite
+explanation, the principal directed all the students to bring their
+stock of stationery on deck, and they passed in review before him,
+exhibiting the quality of their paper. At the same time Mr. Stoute
+searched the steerage for any which might have been concealed. If any
+student had purchased paper in Antwerp, it was not of the kind on which
+the forged letter had been written.</p>
+
+<p>"Young gentlemen," said Mr. Lowington, mounting his rostrum, "a
+practical joke is the stupidest thing in the world, when perpetrated at
+the expense of the feelings of others. Some one has put such a joke upon
+Mr. Hamblin, the very last person in the world to appreciate this
+species of humor. One of your number is charged with the act."</p>
+
+<p>"The old lunatic has laid it to the captain," whispered Terrill, who
+thus interpreted the mysterious proceedings of the principal and Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"The particular kind of paper on which the letter to Mr. Hamblin was
+written is found only in the possession of that one student," continued
+the principal, with an emotion he could not wholly conceal. "I desire,
+if any of you have any information in regard to the note, that you will
+communicate it at once."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington paused, and the boys looked blankly at each other. Even to
+them, at that moment, a prac<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_264" id="Page_264">[Pg 264]</a></span>tical joke seemed to be the stupidest thing
+in the world. There was a tremendous sensation among them; but no one
+volunteered to give the desired information.</p>
+
+<p>"Young gentlemen, although the evidence in my possession is not
+sufficient to condemn the student charged with the offence, it is enough
+to justify grave suspicions, and I shall be under the painful necessity
+of suspending him, and sending him on board of the ship for further
+examination."</p>
+
+<p>Paul was not half so much disturbed by this announcement as he had been
+by the trying scene with Mr. Hamblin, a few days before. It is the
+guilt, and not the loss of honor, the disgrace, which is hard to bear
+when one is charged with misconduct or crime. He stood with folded arms,
+submissive to the authority of the principal, and satisfied that the
+truth would prevail in the end.</p>
+
+<p>"Who is he?" asked one of the students in a suppressed tone, when the
+silence became painful.</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall," replied the principal; and this name produced a
+tremendous thrill in the hearts of the ship's company.</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir! No, sir!" shouted some of the students.</p>
+
+<p>"Silence, young gentlemen! I know how you feel," interposed Mr.
+Lowington. "Although it would seem to me impossible that Captain Kendall
+should have written this letter, Mr. Hamblin distinctly charges him with
+the act, and I am sorry to add that there is some evidence to prove the
+charge."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington was more grieved than any other person on board, and it is
+more than probable that, in his great anxiety to avoid partiality, he
+ran into the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_265" id="Page_265">[Pg 265]</a></span> opposite extreme, and exposed himself to the peril of
+doing injustice to his young friend.</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall, you will consider yourself under arrest, and report on
+board of the ship," added the principal, turning to Paul.</p>
+
+<p>The young commander bowed submissively, and the boys wondered how he was
+able to take the matter so coolly.</p>
+
+<p>"It's a shame!" exclaimed Terrill, in a low tone, to Pelham.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Terrill," continued Mr. Lowington, "the command of the Josephine
+devolves upon you until further orders, and you will go to sea as soon
+as Mr. Fluxion returns."</p>
+
+<p>The first lieutenant started when his name was called, and suspected
+that he was to be taken to task for the remark he had just made. It was
+fortunate for him, perhaps, that the principal did not hear his
+energetic words, or the command might have been given to the second
+lieutenant, for Terrill's impulsive nature would have led him into some
+intemperate speech, so deeply did he feel for the captain.</p>
+
+<p>"I hope my command will be of very short duration, sir," said he, as the
+principal stepped down from the hatch.</p>
+
+<p>"I hope so, Mr. Terrill," answered Mr. Lowington. "Captain Kendall, you
+will repair to the ship in the barge."</p>
+
+<p>"I will be ready in a moment, sir," replied Paul, as he went below to
+obtain a few needed articles.</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall, I am downright sorry for this," said Terrill,
+following him into his state-room.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_266" id="Page_266">[Pg 266]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Don't be at all disturbed about it," answered Paul, cheerfully. "I am
+glad Mr. Lowington has taken this course. I expect to be able to prove
+that I could not have written the letter, and I shall be restored as
+soon as we reach Rotterdam. It is a good deal better to be proved
+innocent than to be suspected of being guilty. Here is the key of the
+safe," he added, as he took it from his pocket and handed it to his
+successor.</p>
+
+<p>"It's lucky for old Hamblin he isn't on board of the Josephine," said
+Terrill, with an ominous shake of the head. "I think the fellows would
+throw him overboard before the vessel gets to Rotterdam if he were."</p>
+
+<p>"That isn't the right spirit, Terrill; and as a particular favor to me,
+I ask that you will not say a word about Mr. Hamblin. I have my own
+opinion in regard to him; and I suppose every fellow has; but the least
+said is the soonest mended. I hope you will not let the officers and
+crew indulge in any demonstrations of disapproval."</p>
+
+<p>"Not let them! I can't help it. I believe if old Hamblin was on board, I
+would join with the rest of the fellows in making a spread eagle of him
+on the fore shrouds," answered the commander <i>pro tem</i>.</p>
+
+<p>"Don't think of such a thing. Two wrongs won't make a right," said Paul,
+anxiously. "You and I have been first-rate friends, Terrill, and for my
+sake do not encourage or tolerate any demonstrations."</p>
+
+<p>"I will do the best I can, but I feel just like making the biggest row I
+was ever in since I was born."</p>
+
+<p>"Keep cool; you are going to sea right off, and<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_267" id="Page_267">[Pg 267]</a></span> you will have enough to
+do to look out for the vessel."</p>
+
+<p>"I shall do as you tell me, if I can; but only because you wish it. I
+think the fellows ought to give a few hearty groans, so as to be sure no
+one mistakes their sentiments."</p>
+
+<p>"Don't do it, Terrill," said Paul, as he led the way to the deck, with
+his bundle in his hand.</p>
+
+<p>When they went on deck, Mr. Fluxion had just returned in the first
+cutter; and great was his astonishment, and that of the boat's crew,
+when informed of the exciting event which had just transpired. The
+interview with the Dutch skipper changed the current of thought on board
+for the moment; but as soon as he departed, nothing was talked of but
+the arrest of the captain.</p>
+
+<p>Paul stepped into the barge with the principal, who was very sad and
+silent. As soon as they were on board of the Young America, and the
+barge hoisted up, orders were given to fill away again.</p>
+
+<p>"What does that mean?" asked Perth, when the barge was hoisted up, as he
+ran up to Wilton.</p>
+
+<p>"What?"</p>
+
+<p>"Why, there is Captain Kendall on the quarter-deck of the ship, and the
+Josephine is getting under way without him."</p>
+
+<p>"There's been a row somewhere; Kendall is one of the flunkies, but he's
+a good fellow for all that," added Wilton, who could not help giving
+Paul this tribute.</p>
+
+<p>"I'll tell you what it is," said Howe,&mdash;who was one of the barge's crew,
+and had heard all the proceedings on board of the Josephine,&mdash;as he
+joined them, "Ken<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_268" id="Page_268">[Pg 268]</a></span>dall has been suspended, broken, turned out of office
+for writing that letter to old Hamblin."</p>
+
+<p>"Is that so?" demanded Perth.</p>
+
+<p>"That's so; but all the fellows in the Josephine say he didn't do it."</p>
+
+<p>"It would be a new idea for Kendall to do anything wrong&mdash;even to sneeze
+in prayer time."</p>
+
+<p>The order to man the braces interrupted the conversation; but the news
+went through the ship even before she had begun to gather headway. The
+matter was thoroughly discussed, and it was perfectly understood that
+Mr. Hamblin had preferred the charge upon which Paul had been broken or
+suspended. The commander of the Josephine was almost as popular in the
+ship as he was in the consort; and the indignation against the professor
+of Greek was hardly less violent in the one than in the other.</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall, you will occupy the spare state-room in the after
+cabin, next to Flag-officer Gordon's," said Mr. Lowington to Paul, as
+they met after the ship was underway.</p>
+
+<p>"Thank you, sir," replied the young commander, who had seated himself
+near the companion-way.</p>
+
+<p>"As soon as supper is disposed of, I propose to examine into the charge.
+You shall have a fair trial."</p>
+
+<p>"I have no doubt of that."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington walked away, and Paul, who was much embarrassed by the
+continued expressions of sympathy extended to him by the officers of the
+ship, retired to his state-room to consider his line of defence.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin, satisfied before, was delighted now. Justice seemed to be
+extending her tardy hand in his<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_269" id="Page_269">[Pg 269]</a></span> favor. The rebel against his mighty
+will had been suspended, and was actually under arrest. Of course the
+principal had acknowledged the validity of the evidence he had
+presented. The motive for such an annoying practical joke was patent to
+all in the squadron, while the quality of the paper and the resemblance
+of the writing were enough to convict the offender.</p>
+
+<p>The professor was enjoying his triumph, not vindictively, he persuaded
+himself, but in the sense that his own personal action and motives were
+on the eve of being justified. As the ship moved majestically down the
+river, he walked up and down, athwart ships, in a better mood to enjoy
+the scene which presented itself than ever before since he joined the
+squadron. He walked from rail to rail because Paul was seated on the
+quarter-deck, and he did not care to meet him. When the young commander
+went below, he walked fore and aft.</p>
+
+<p>The deck was crowded with students waiting for the supper bell to ring;
+and many an ugly and dissatisfied look was bestowed upon him; but the
+learned gentleman, in his triumph, was too well pleased with himself to
+notice them. Mr. Hamblin involuntarily extended his walk, from time to
+time, until it was continued to the forecastle, where the crew were
+collected in large numbers. Hardly had he passed the foremast on his
+first round, than he was saluted by a universal groan, so deep and
+hearty that he stopped short and looked at the crowd. They were silent
+then.</p>
+
+<p>"Young gentlemen," said the <i>savant</i>, sternly, "if that was intended as
+an expression of&mdash;"<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_270" id="Page_270">[Pg 270]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>The remark of censure was brought to an abrupt termination by a very
+annoying incident. Mr. Hamblin had halted directly under the weather
+fore yard-arm, braced up so as to take the wind on the beam. Before he
+had reached this point of his remark, a new fellow by the name of
+Little, remarkable for his agility, dropped from the yard directly upon
+the top of the learned gentleman's hat, in fact, sitting down upon his
+"tile" as fairly and squarely as though the deed had been done on
+purpose, bringing with him the slack of the weather clew-garnet.</p>
+
+<p>The professor was prostrated to the deck by the weight of the little
+seaman,&mdash;for Little's name precisely described his stature,&mdash;while the
+unfortunate boy was thrown forward flat upon his face.</p>
+
+<p>"O, I'm killed, I'm killed!" cried Little, rising with much real or
+apparent difficulty, and pressing one hand upon his hip.</p>
+
+<p>"You rascal, you!" roared Mr. Hamblin from the inside of his hat, as a
+dozen boys sprang forward to pick him up.</p>
+
+<p>The professor was not a fashionable man, and did not wear a hat which
+would simply rest upon the top of his head, or which would pinch the
+depository of his ancient lore, and the weight of the student had
+pressed it far down over his eyes. With some labor he extricated his
+learned pate from its imprisonment, and glanced with dismay at the
+hat&mdash;a new one which he had bought in Antwerp to replace the one he had
+lost overboard in the hurricane.</p>
+
+<p>"You scoundrel!" repeated the <i>savant</i>, when he had removed the
+mutilated tile.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_271" id="Page_271">[Pg 271]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"He didn't mean to do it, sir," said Perth, pointing to the bloody face
+of Little; "he's almost killed himself."</p>
+
+<p>"Are you hurt, Little?" demanded Mr. Lowington, rushing forward when he
+discovered what had happened.</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir; almost killed," groaned the poor boy, making the wryest face
+a boy ever made, and twisting himself into a contortion of body which
+none but an India-rubber youth like himself could have accomplished.</p>
+
+<p>"Pass the word for Dr. Winstock," added the principal, anxiously. "Are
+you much injured, Mr. Hamblin?"</p>
+
+<p>"I believe there is a conspiracy to take my life," growled the
+professor, without replying to the direct question.</p>
+
+<p>"Are you hurt, sir?"</p>
+
+<p>"Not so much in body as in my feelings," answered Mr. Hamblin, holding
+out his damaged hat. "It was done on purpose, sir."</p>
+
+<p>Dr. Winstock now appeared on the forecastle, and as Little seemed to be
+the greater sufferer, he attended to his case first. He examined the
+face of the boy, for by the most assiduous rubbing with his right hand
+while his left was devoted to the hip, he had contrived to besmear his
+face all over with the blood which flowed freely from his nose. The
+surgeon could find no wound on the face, and it was plain that there was
+nothing more terrible about the head than the nosebleed.</p>
+
+<p>"Where are you hurt, Little?" asked the doctor.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_272" id="Page_272">[Pg 272]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"In the hip; it's broke!" replied the sufferer with an explosive groan.</p>
+
+<p>Dr. Winstock laid the patient down upon the deck, and proceeded to
+examine him with the greatest care. He declared that no bones were
+broken.</p>
+
+<p>"He appears to be suffering great pain," said the principal, anxiously.</p>
+
+<p>"He has probably wrenched a muscle in his fall, and that is almost as
+painful as a broken bone. He has received no serious injury," replied
+the doctor, as he lifted the patient from the deck.</p>
+
+<p>"I am glad it is no worse. How did it happen, Little?"</p>
+
+<p>"I was coming in from the weather yard-arm, sir. I should have gone down
+the leech of the foresail if you had not told me not to, sir. O!" gasped
+Little, distorting his face, and doubling up his lithe little body.</p>
+
+<p>"Never mind it now," added the principal, kindly.</p>
+
+<p>"I feel a little better, sir. Mr. Hamblin began to say something to the
+fellows on deck, and I stopped to listen. O!"&mdash;and Little doubled up
+again. "I caught hold of the clew-garnet, sir&mdash;O! I was leaning down to
+hear what Mr. Hamblin said, and bore my whole weight on the clew-garnet.
+It wasn't belayed, sir,&mdash;O!&mdash;and it let me down."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington desired to know what hands were stationed at the fore
+clew-garnets; but when they appeared, they were very confident they had
+belayed these ropes as usual. Little was advised to go below and turn
+in; but he preferred to remain on deck. As soon as the principal and the
+doctor had gone aft, the young reprobate turned to his companions, put
+his<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_273" id="Page_273">[Pg 273]</a></span> thumb to his bloody nose, and wiggled his fingers. Indeed, a
+remarkable cure seemed suddenly to have been wrought in his particular
+case; for he walked as nimbly as ever, until some of the officers came
+forward, when, unfortunately, he had a sudden relapse, from which he did
+not recover&mdash;when the "powers that be" were around&mdash;for several days.</p>
+
+<p>After supper Paul was sent for, and repaired to the main cabin, where he
+found the principal, the surgeon, Mr. Hamblin, and several of the
+professors. Mr. Lowington stated the charge preferred against Captain
+Kendall, mentioning the evidence in support of it. He then inquired of
+the professor if he had anything to add to what he had already said on
+the subject.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin had something to add, but it was in the nature of an
+argument against the accused, rather than a statement of fact. He
+reviewed his life on board the Josephine since the troubles had
+commenced, enlarging upon the zeal with which he had discharged his
+duties. He gave his view of the difficulty between himself and the
+captain, as he had given it before; but he adduced no new proofs of the
+charges he preferred.</p>
+
+<p>"The only question before us at the present time, Mr. Hamblin, is in
+regard to the authorship of the letter purporting to come from Monsieur
+Rogier," interposed Mr. Lowington. "Have you any new evidence to bring
+forward?"</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir; I think the charge has been fully proved," replied Mr.
+Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"Captain Kendall, if you have any defence to make,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_274" id="Page_274">[Pg 274]</a></span> I am ready to hear
+it," added the principal, turning to Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"I did not write the letter, and I had no knowledge whatever of it until
+Mr. Hamblin received it. Perhaps the writing resembles mine, but not
+very much. Will you let me take the letter, sir?"</p>
+
+<p>The note was handed to him, and he pointed out several letters which
+were different from any in the exercises by which the similarity had
+been shown.</p>
+
+<p>"Of course he would disguise the handwriting," interposed Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"The writing alone would not prove anything," added Mr. Lowington.</p>
+
+<p>"So far as the kind of paper is concerned," continued Paul, picking up
+the half quire which the professor had taken from his state-room, "I
+bought it in Antwerp for a particular purpose." He did not think it
+necessary to state that it was for his letters to Miss Grace Arbuckle.</p>
+
+<p>"Are you quite sure you bought it in Antwerp?" demanded the professor.</p>
+
+<p>"I shall prove that I did," replied Paul, indignantly. "I wish to say I
+had a hint that the officers and crew were very much dissatisfied with
+Mr. Hamblin, and&mdash;"</p>
+
+<p>"With me!" exclaimed the <i>savant</i>, as though it were quite impossible
+for the students to be dissatisfied with him.</p>
+
+<p>"Allow Captain Kendall to make his statement, if you please," said the
+principal.</p>
+
+<p>"But, Mr. Lowington, his statement is incorrect. I have been on the best
+of terms with the majority<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_275" id="Page_275">[Pg 275]</a></span> of my pupils. Only a few of the worst of
+them have manifested any ill-will towards me."</p>
+
+<p>"Go on, Captain Kendall," said the principal.</p>
+
+<p>"I am prepared to prove all I say. If I had known that this
+investigation was to take place to-day, I should have asked for the
+attendance of several witnesses. I used all my influence to prevent any
+one from playing practical jokes upon Mr. Hamblin. I desire to have the
+first lieutenant of the Josephine, and Duncan, examined."</p>
+
+<p>"What have they to do with it?" asked the professor, impatiently.</p>
+
+<p>"After doing what I could to prevent others from annoying Mr. Hamblin by
+practical jokes, it is not likely that I should indulge in them myself."</p>
+
+<p>"That is a good point; and to-morrow the witnesses shall be called,"
+said Mr. Lowington.</p>
+
+<p>"I will now ask Dr. Winstock to make his statement," added Paul, turning
+to the surgeon.</p>
+
+<p>"The letter is postmarked 'Anvers,'" said the doctor, picking up the
+letter from the table. "It is utterly impossible that Captain Kendall
+had anything to do with this document."</p>
+
+<p>"Why so, sir?" demanded Mr. Hamblin, nervously.</p>
+
+<p>"This letter passed through the Antwerp post-office. If Captain Kendall
+had mailed it there, I should have seen him do it. He was not out of my
+sight a single moment from the time we left the Josephine till we
+returned to her. This paper," added the doctor, taking up the half
+quire, "was purchased in Antwerp. I went into the shop with Captain
+Ken<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_276" id="Page_276">[Pg 276]</a></span>dall, and looked at the quality of it before it was done up."</p>
+
+<p>"Are you satisfied, Mr. Hamblin?" asked the principal.</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir, I am not," replied the professor, decidedly. "I am by no means
+certain that the paper on which this letter was written was obtained in
+Antwerp. It does not follow because Dr. Winstock did not see Mr. Kendall
+mail this letter, that it was not mailed by him. I did not see him mail
+it; Mr. Lowington did not see him mail it. He could have sent it to the
+post-office by a dozen of his confederates."</p>
+
+<p>"Since Captain Kendall desires that the first lieutenant and Duncan
+should be heard, we will continue the examination till to-morrow," added
+the principal, rising from his chair.</p>
+
+<p>The hearing was adjourned, and Paul returned to his room.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_277" id="Page_277">[Pg 277]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XVII" id="CHAPTER_XVII"></a>CHAPTER XVII.</h2>
+
+<h3>MORE ABOUT THE DIKES AND DITCHES.</h3>
+
+
+<p>The pilot of the ship was discharged at eight o'clock in the evening,
+and the two vessels stood on their course to the northward, with a fresh
+breeze from the south-west. They kept just outside of the continuous
+chains of shoals on the coast, but for nearly the whole time within
+sight of the numerous lighthouses which mark the various entrances of
+the Scheldt and the Maas. The masters on duty were kept very busy in
+consulting the charts and the sailing directions; but at one o'clock the
+squadron was off the Brielle Gat, which is the deepest entrance to the
+river.</p>
+
+<p>There are two principal passages by which vessels may reach Rotterdam
+from the sea. At the mouth of the Maas, or of the river which includes
+the Rhine, Waal, and Maas, there is a large island called the Voorne. At
+the north of it is the Brielle Gat, which is the most direct sea passage
+to the city; but the bar at its mouth has only seven and a half feet of
+water at low tide. At the south of the island is the Goeree Gat, by
+which the largest ships must enter, passing through the island in a
+canal.</p>
+
+<p>The Dutch pilot who boarded the ship, after learn<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_278" id="Page_278">[Pg 278]</a></span>ing her draught,
+declared that she could go over the bar of the Brielle Gat, and both
+vessels went up by this passage. At five o'clock in the morning the
+squadron came to anchor in the broad bay before the city of Rotterdam.</p>
+
+<p>Paul Kendall, free from all care, and not much disturbed by the cloud
+which hung over him, had turned out early to see the sights on the
+river. He had a splendid prospect of windmills, dikes, and ditches. The
+Dutch pilot spoke intelligible English, and the young inquirer laid him
+under contribution for his stores of knowledge. Paul asked a great many
+questions, which the pilot good-naturedly answered.</p>
+
+<p>Vlaardingen, the principal port engaged in the herring fishery, was
+pointed out to him. Every year this place sends out about a hundred and
+fifty vessels, or more than one half of the whole number engaged in this
+branch of the fisheries. On the 10th or 11th of June, in each year, the
+officers of the herring fleet go to the <i>Stadhuis</i>, or town hall, and
+take the prescribed oath to observe the laws regulating the fisheries of
+Holland. Three days later they hoist their flags on board, and go to
+church to pray for a season of success. On the following day, which is
+kept as a holiday in the town, the fleet sails. The fishing season ends
+on the 1st of November.</p>
+
+<p>The herring are highly prized by the Dutch, and the first which are
+caught by the fleet are sent home in the fastest vessels; and when they
+are expected, watchmen are stationed in the Vlaardingen steeple to
+announce their approach. The first kegs are sent to the king and his
+chief officers of state. One of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_279" id="Page_279">[Pg 279]</a></span> these first cargoes produces about
+three hundred and twenty-five dollars, or eight hundred guilders.</p>
+
+<p>With a dense cloud of smoke hanging above it stood the town of Schiedam,
+which contains nearly two hundred distilleries for the manufacture of
+gin. Holland gin and Schiedam schnapps are regarded by those who indulge
+in these beverages as the best in the world. The place was surrounded by
+windmills, which are a principal feature of the scenery in all parts of
+Holland proper.</p>
+
+<p>After breakfast the signal was hoisted for the Josephines to attend the
+lecture on board the ship, and a boat was sent ashore, in charge of the
+steward, to procure the mail. The students were perched in the rigging,
+observing the strange scenes which presented themselves on every hand.
+The river was full of market boats loaded with vegetables, the principal
+of which was a coarse plant, with large, straggling leaves, used as
+cabbage or greens. There were large and small steamers plying in every
+direction, and the scene was quite lively.</p>
+
+<p>The Josephine's ship's company came on board, and all hands were piped
+to lecture. Professor Mapps was at his post, with the map of the
+Netherlands hanging on the foremast. His description of the dikes and
+ditches of Holland was very full; but such portions of it as have been
+given by Mr. Stoute will be omitted.</p>
+
+<p>"Young gentlemen," he began, "I have already called your attention to
+the physical geography of the Netherlands. The Rhine, which in Germany
+is the <i>Rhein</i>, and in Holland the <i>Rhyn</i>, has its mouths in<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_280" id="Page_280">[Pg 280]</a></span> Holland.
+Its length is nine hundred and sixty miles, and it is of vast importance
+to Europe in a commercial point of view, being navigable for large
+vessels to Cologne, and nearly to its source for smaller ones, though
+occasionally interrupted by falls and rapids above Basle. Vessels of one
+hundred tons go up to Strasbourg.</p>
+
+<p>"The Rhine enters Holland, and immediately divides into two branches,
+the southern being the Waal, and the northern retaining the original
+name. The Waal is the larger of the two, and flows west until it unites
+with the Maas, or Meuse, in Belgium, on one of whose estuaries our ship
+now floats. About ten miles below the Waal branch, the original Rhine
+divides again, the northern branch being called the Yssel, which flows
+north into the Zuyder Zee. Thirty miles below the Yssel, it divides for
+a third time, the southern branch being called the Leek, of which the
+arm that flows by Rotterdam is the more direct continuation, though all
+these branches are connected by frequent cut-offs. The original Rhine
+pursues its way to the German Ocean. The dunes, or sand-hills, formerly
+closed up this branch, and for a long period the water did not flow
+through it; but at the beginning of the present century a canal was
+opened through the old bed.</p>
+
+<p>"The Yssel formerly flowed into a fresh-water lake, where the Zuyder
+Zee, or Southern Sea, now is. Nearly the whole of the space occupied by
+this sea was then dry land; but the ocean, in the course of time, swept
+away its barriers, and covered the region with water, which is
+navigable, however, only for<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_281" id="Page_281">[Pg 281]</a></span> small vessels. Amsterdam is situated on an
+arm of this sea, called the Ij, or Eye, as it is pronounced. From the
+Helder, a point of land at the southern entrance to the Zuyder Zee, a
+ship canal, fifty miles in length, extends to the city. This is the
+'great ditch' of Holland. It is eighteen feet deep, and broad enough for
+two large ships to pass each other, having a double set of locks at each
+end, in order to keep the water of uniform height, as in a dock.</p>
+
+<p>"You are already familiar with the peculiar conformation of Holland.
+There is not a hill, a forest, or a ledge of rocks worth mentioning in
+the whole region. A large portion of its territory has been redeemed
+from the ocean by the most persevering labor, and by the most
+unremitting care and watchfulness is it kept from destruction. The sea
+is higher than the land, the lowest ground in the country being from
+twenty-four to thirty feet below high-water mark. The keel of the Young
+America, floating in some of the waters of Holland, would be higher than
+the ridge-pole of the Dutchman's cottage on the other side of the dike.</p>
+
+<p>"These low grounds, formerly swamps and lagoons, which lie below the sea
+level, are called <i>polders</i>. These were originally charged with water,
+and merely shutting out the sea was only half the battle. As in Ireland,
+the principal fuel of the people is peat, or turf, ten million tons of
+which are annually used. Immense excavations have been made in the
+polders to obtain the peat; and the inhabitants stand an ultimate chance
+of being robbed of their country by fire as well as by water.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_282" id="Page_282">[Pg 282]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"The natural lakes and the peat-holes&mdash;the latter from twelve to twenty
+feet deep&mdash;formed extensive water-basins. Some of you will remember the
+turf diggings in the great bog in Ireland, as we passed through it on
+our way to Killarney. The peat was not dug out in trenches, but the
+entire surface of the land was skimmed off, just as workmen in the city
+dig away a hill. It was so in Holland; and you must understand that the
+bottom of these peat-beds forms the land now improved as gardens and
+farms.</p>
+
+<p>"These depressions of the surface were filled with water. The first
+thing to be done is to shut out the ocean and its tributaries&mdash;all those
+rivers of which I have been speaking, that form a network of canals all
+over the country. For this purpose a dike is built on the border of the
+land to be enclosed. Take, for example, the Island of Ysselmonde,&mdash;the
+land next south of us,&mdash;and Holland really consists of nothing but
+islands formed by the rivers and the natural and artificial canals. It
+will, therefore, be a correct specimen of the system of dikes and
+ditches throughout the country, though some of the sections are subject
+to greater or less difficulty in the drainage, owing to various causes,
+which will be explained.</p>
+
+<p>"When the dike around Ysselmonde is finished, the country is protected
+from inundation from without. Sometimes in winter the river may be
+blocked with ice, which stops the passage of the water. All the ice from
+the Rhine and Meuse must pass through these rivers on their way to the
+sea, and, being stopped in a narrow place, it forms a dam. In 1799 a
+large portion of Holland was threatened with total destruc<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_283" id="Page_283">[Pg 283]</a></span>tion, on
+account of one of these blockades. Behind the dam the water rose seven
+feet in one hour, overflowing the dikes, and breaking through them. This
+danger is incurred every winter; but disaster is generally warded off by
+the vigilance of the dike-keepers.</p>
+
+<p>"We will suppose that the dike we have built around Ysselmonde protects
+it from the exterior water; but as the water in the Maas, at high tide,
+or even at low tide, is above the surface of the polders, they cannot be
+drained by the ordinary ditches; and it is necessary to remove the water
+by mechanical means. For this purpose windmills are erected on the
+dike,&mdash;as you see them in every direction,&mdash;many of which work
+water-wheels, pumps being but seldom used. The apparatus for removing
+the water is of several kinds, including a scoop-wheel, the screw of
+Archimedes, and the inclined scoop-wheel. The water is not lifted to any
+considerable height by these instruments.</p>
+
+<p>"When the height to which the water is to be raised is too great to be
+accomplished by the agency of one machine, a series of them is
+introduced. Supposing the land in the middle of Ysselmonde to be twenty
+feet below the level of the Maas, four series of operations would be
+required to lift the water. The central portion is enclosed by a dike,
+with a <i>ringsloot</i>, or canal, outside of it. The windmills raise the
+water five feet. Outside of this, as the level of the land rises,
+another canal and ditch are made, and the water is lifted another five
+feet; and the process is repeated until the water is finally discharged
+into the river. The ditches which separate the different tracts of land
+are used as highways, for conveying the harvest to<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_284" id="Page_284">[Pg 284]</a></span> market, the
+difference of level being overcome by locks. Of course the character of
+these works depends upon the formation of the land.</p>
+
+<p>"The soil of the polders thus drained is remarkably rich and productive.
+The two chief exports of Holland are butter and cheese, the low lands
+furnishing excellent pasturage for cattle.</p>
+
+<p>"In the service of the government is a special corps of engineers,
+called <i>Waterstaat</i>, who are employed in watching the waters and the
+dikes, and in guarding against any breaking of the latter. In the winter
+time, which is the period of the greatest peril to the dikes, these men,
+many of whom are gentlemen of the highest scientific culture, are
+stationed near the places where danger is apprehended. Buildings
+containing all the necessary materials and tools for repairing the
+embankments are provided, and, indeed, all precautions which skill, and
+science, and care can bring are at hand; for the safety of the country
+depends upon these structures.</p>
+
+<p>"The coat of arms of one of the Dutch provinces is a lion swimming,
+having this motto: <i>Luctor et emergo</i>, 'I strive and keep my head above
+water,' which seems to be the whole business of the Dutch people,
+figuratively and literally. If you visit the great dike of the Helder,
+as I hope you will, you may stand on the low land within it, and hear
+the thunder of the sea, as it beats against the dike, fifteen feet
+higher than your head.</p>
+
+<p>"The canals of Holland serve a triple purpose. They are the highways of
+the country, they drain the land, and they serve as fences. You travel
+all over<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_285" id="Page_285">[Pg 285]</a></span> the region in the canals, and all the productions are conveyed
+upon them. The roads are for the most part built on the tops of the
+dikes, but they are not solid enough to permit their use by
+heavily-loaded wagons. Many of them are paved with bricks, on account of
+their spongy nature, which answers very well for the passage of light
+vehicles.</p>
+
+<p>"The people seem to have a peculiar affection for these ditches, and you
+will often find that the Dutchman has his little private canal,
+extending around his house, apparently only to gratify his national
+vanity, though perhaps really it is his fence. Even here in Rotterdam, I
+have noticed a filthy ditch, from four to ten feet wide, between the
+house and the road. It is nearly filled with water, which is covered
+with a vile green scum. The wonder is, that this stagnant water does not
+breed a pestilence.</p>
+
+<p>"The principal canals are sixty feet wide, and six feet deep, though of
+course many in the cities and elsewhere, intended for the passage of
+large vessels, are broader and deeper.</p>
+
+<p>"With this imperfect statement of the physical characteristics, as a
+basis for your observation, I leave the subject to say a few words about
+the government and history of the country.</p>
+
+<p>"William III. is the present king of the Netherlands. He is forty-seven
+years old, and is a lineal descendant of William of Orange, and a
+grandson, on the mother's side, of Czar Paul I. of Russia. He has a
+salary, or civil list, of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars a year,
+which is pretty fair pay for ruling over a kingdom about the size of the
+State<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_286" id="Page_286">[Pg 286]</a></span> of Maryland, or of Massachusetts and Connecticut united, and
+containing a population about equal to that of the State of New York.</p>
+
+<p>"The government is a limited monarchy, the whole legislative power being
+vested in the two chambers called the States General. The First Chamber
+consists of thirty-nine members, elected by provincial councils, from
+those inhabitants who pay the highest grade of taxes. The Second Chamber
+contains seventy-two members, elected by general ballot; but only those
+who pay taxes to the amount of fifty dollars a year are voters. All
+measures appropriating money for any purpose must originate in the
+Second Chamber, which is the popular body, and become laws only when
+assented to by the sovereign and the First Chamber. The king executes
+the laws with the aid of seven ministers, who receive a salary of five
+thousand dollars a year.</p>
+
+<p>"Free toleration is allowed to all religious sects. Protestants are
+largely in the majority, the proportion being as twenty to twelve.
+Education is generally diffused among the people. In 1863 the revenue of
+the Netherlands amounted to forty-one millions of dollars. The Dutch
+have extensive colonial possessions in the East and West Indies, and on
+the west coast of Africa. The regular home army contains fifty-nine
+thousand officers and men. Its navy consists of fifty-eight steamers and
+eighty-one sailing vessels.</p>
+
+<p>"I do not think you will be likely to realize the poetic ideal of the
+Dutchmen, young gentlemen. Though they drink a great deal of beer and
+Schiedam schnapps, you will seldom find them intoxicated;<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_287" id="Page_287">[Pg 287]</a></span> and I have
+never been able to see that they smoke any more than the people of our
+own country. They are not necessarily fat and clumsy. The men are of
+medium stature, in no special degree distinguished from other people in
+Europe and America. The women are very domestic, and very cleanly in
+their persons and in their dwellings. The Dutch people are prudent,
+economical, beforehanded.</p>
+
+<p>"In the brief sketch I gave you at Antwerp of the history of the
+Netherlands, that of Holland was included up to the period of the murder
+of the Prince of Orange, which occurred in 1584, while he was
+Stadtholder of the Seven United Provinces. At his death, his son, Prince
+Maurice, was elected Stadtholder in his father's place. He was then only
+seventeen years of age, but he proved to be a young man of great
+military ability, and commenced a glorious career, which ended only with
+his life, in 1625. With the bright example of Prince Maurice before
+them, I think our young captains of his age may be encouraged."</p>
+
+<p>This remark "brought down the house," and more than fifty of the
+students glanced at Paul Kendall, whose "improbable" achievements in the
+Josephine were the admiration of everybody in the squadron, except
+Professor Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"Philip II. died in 1598, and his successor continued his efforts to
+conquer the Dutch, but without success. By this time Holland had created
+the most powerful navy in the world, and with her seventy thousand
+seamen swept the commerce of the Spaniards from the seas, even in the
+remotest waters of the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_288" id="Page_288">[Pg 288]</a></span> globe. The galleons and treasure ships from the
+colonies of Spain were captured, and their rich booty poured into the
+exchequer of the Dutch. The monarch of Castile was almost impoverished
+by these losses; and, deprived of the means to carry on the war of
+subjugation, he agreed, in 1609, to a truce of twelve years.</p>
+
+<p>"Religious dissensions then broke out in Holland, which soon assumed a
+political turn. The Stadtholder, Prince Maurice, was ambitious to become
+the hereditary sovereign of Holland, in which he was opposed by
+Barneveldt, a venerable judge, aided by De Groot, or Grotius, a noted
+Dutch scholar and statesman. The opposition were styled 'remonstrants.'
+The judge was charged with a plot to hand his country over to the
+tyranny of Spain; and though he was a pure patriot, he was condemned and
+executed. Grotius, by an expedient which would have been deemed
+improbable in a novel, escaped from the Castle of Loevestein.</p>
+
+<p>"At the expiration of the truce, Spain renewed her efforts to conquer
+Holland; but, after a war of twenty-seven years, the independence of the
+country was acknowledged in the peace of Westphalia. During this period
+the Dutch maintained their supremacy on the sea, attacking the Spanish
+possessions in all parts of the world, and especially in the East
+Indies, where they commenced the foundation of their empire in that part
+of the globe.</p>
+
+<p>"The growing naval power of Holland excited the apprehensions of
+England, and war was the consequence, in which the Dutch Admirals Van
+Tromp<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_289" id="Page_289">[Pg 289]</a></span> De Ruiter, and De Witt, as well as Admiral Blake of the British
+navy, won imperishable renown.</p>
+
+<p>"Prince Maurice was succeeded at his death by his brother Henry; but, in
+1650, the office of Stadtholder was abolished, and that of Grand
+Pensionary substituted. John De Witt held the position.</p>
+
+<p>"In 1668, France having seized upon the Spanish Netherlands, Holland
+united with England and Sweden to check the power of the French monarch;
+but Charles II., subsidized by Louis XIV. of France, deserted his ally.
+England and France united, won Sweden over, and formed a league against
+Holland. Louis invaded Holland with an army six times as large as the
+Dutch could bring into the field, and conquered three provinces. The
+quarrel between the house of Orange and the party headed by the Grand
+Pensionary still continued to rage. The supreme power was in the hands
+of the States General. De Witt proposed to establish the government of
+Holland in the East India possessions, as Portugal did in Brazil, rather
+than submit. The representative of the house of Orange encouraged the
+people to resist at home, and declared that he would 'die in the last
+ditch.' As the formation of the country rendered it exceedingly probable
+that the 'last ditch' was to be found somewhere in Holland, the advice
+of this Prince of Orange was adopted. The popular current turned in his
+favor, and against the Grand Pensionary, who was murdered by a mob at
+The Hague.</p>
+
+<p>"The Prince of Orange was elected Stadtholder, and is known as William
+III. Instead of seeking the 'last ditch' himself, he opened it for the
+benefit of the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_290" id="Page_290">[Pg 290]</a></span> invaders. The dikes were cut, and the country was so
+thoroughly inundated that the French army was forced to retire, after
+sustaining very heavy losses. Peace was made with England in 1674, and
+three years later, the Stadtholder married Mary, daughter of James, Duke
+of York, who became king of England at the death of his brother Charles
+II. By the revolution of 1688, William and Mary were declared joint
+sovereigns of England.</p>
+
+<p>"When William III. died, his cousin and next heir was not recognized as
+Stadtholder of Holland, the anti-Orange party being in the ascendant. A
+republic was again organized under Heinsius; but, in 1747, the prince
+again prevailed, and the line of the Stadtholders was resumed under
+William IV., who was succeeded by William V. In 1795 the Batavian
+Republic was established, under the influence of the French Revolution,
+France having conquered the country.</p>
+
+<p>"In 1806, Napoleon remodelled the government, and placed his brother
+Louis, the father of the present French emperor, upon the throne. Louis,
+who was a very moderate and sensible man, offended his brother by ruling
+his kingdom in the interest of Holland rather than France, and, after a
+brief reign of four years, was compelled to abdicate. Napoleon then
+annexed Holland to France.</p>
+
+<p>"At the downfall of Napoleon the Netherlands were erected into a
+kingdom, which included Belgium, as I have before stated, and the Prince
+of Orange was made king, under the title of William I. The present
+sovereign is his grandson. The Belgian<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_291" id="Page_291">[Pg 291]</a></span> Revolution of 1830 deprived
+Holland of one half of its territory, and more than half of its people;
+but these events I mentioned in my lecture at Antwerp."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Mapps retired, and Mr. Lowington took his place.</p>
+
+<p>"Young gentlemen," said the principal, "this afternoon we shall make a
+steamboat excursion to Dort, and through some of the arms of the sea, to
+enable you to see Dutch life from the water. On Monday we shall start on
+a grand excursion through Holland, visiting the following places in the
+order in which they are mentioned: Delft, The Hague, Leyden, Harlem,
+Amsterdam, Sardam, Broek, Alkmaar, The Helder, and Utrecht. The
+programme will enable you to see all the interesting points of Holland,
+including the capital, the drained lake of Harlem, and the great dike of
+the Helder.</p>
+
+<p>"The water of Holland is very bad, and drank in any considerable
+quantities would probably make you sick. Spring water, brought from
+Utrecht in stone jars, may be obtained in the large towns. Whenever it
+is practicable, I shall see that you are supplied with it; but avoid the
+common water. You will now resume your studies."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin took his place with the other professors, and the studies of
+the ship went on as usual. The mail came on board, and, when school was
+dismissed, the letters were distributed. The first lieutenant of the
+Josephine and Duncan were invited to the main cabin to give their
+evidence in regard to the trouble between Paul and the professor.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_292" id="Page_292">[Pg 292]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XVIII" id="CHAPTER_XVIII"></a>CHAPTER XVIII.</h2>
+
+<h3>AN EXCURSION AMONG THE DIKES.</h3>
+
+
+<p>Terrill and Duncan, with the letters in their hands which they had just
+received, entered the main cabin. They were called upon, in the presence
+of Mr. Lowington and Mr. Hamblin, as well as Captain Kendall, to give
+their testimony, which went to show that the commander was thoroughly
+and heartily opposed to any demonstration against the obnoxious
+instructor.</p>
+
+<p>"What did Mr. Kendall say to you?" asked Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"He asked me to use my influence with the fellows to prevent anything
+being done, and wished me to let them all know that he would not
+tolerate anything irregular," replied Duncan.</p>
+
+<p>"Did he, indeed!" sneered Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"He did, indeed," answered Duncan, with a twinkle of the eye.</p>
+
+<p>"How happened he to say as much as this to you?" demanded the professor.</p>
+
+<p>"Because, being an old friend and schoolmate of Captain Kendall, I
+happened to tell him that the fellows were inclined to haze Mr.
+Hamblin."</p>
+
+<p>"To haze me!" exclaimed Mr. Hamblin.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_293" id="Page_293">[Pg 293]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I understand that we are to tell the whole truth here," added Duncan,
+who seemed to enjoy the confusion of the learned gentleman. "I didn't
+hear of any particular plans; but the fellows kept hinting at
+something."</p>
+
+<p>"Did they, indeed?"</p>
+
+<p>"They did, indeed."</p>
+
+<p>"But you don't know what they were?"</p>
+
+<p>"I do not, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"Can you tell me who wrote the letter I asked you to translate?"</p>
+
+<p>"No sir, I cannot."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington asked some questions of the witness; and it was evident to
+him that the disaffection on board of the Josephine was more general
+than he had before suspected. Terrill was called upon to explain still
+further the position of the captain; and Duncan opened his letters,
+being, as all the boys were, anxious to hear from home. He had two
+letters. Besides the one from his mother, there was another postmarked
+at Cologne, which he read after he had finished the first.</p>
+
+<p>As Duncan read this Cologne letter his face became quite red, and he was
+not a little agitated. By the time he had finished both of them, the
+first lieutenant had told all he knew in regard to the captain's
+position. He was very candid in making his statement, and took no pains
+to conceal the general disgust felt on board of the consort at the
+conduct of Mr. Hamblin; and he took no pains to conceal the fact that he
+shared the feelings of his shipmates.</p>
+
+<p>"I should like to add something to my former state<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_294" id="Page_294">[Pg 294]</a></span>ment, if you please,
+Mr. Lowington," said Duncan, rising, with the Cologne letter in his
+hand.</p>
+
+<p>"What do you wish to add?" asked the principal.</p>
+
+<p>"I know now who wrote the letter to Mr. Hamblin."</p>
+
+<p>"Who?"</p>
+
+<p>"Richard H. Linggold."</p>
+
+<p>"Who is he?"</p>
+
+<p>"He is an old schoolmate of mine, whom I met in Antwerp the afternoon we
+first went ashore there," replied Duncan, who now appeared to be
+considerably embarrassed.</p>
+
+<p>"Was he a schoolmate of Mr. Kendall also?" demanded Mr. Hamblin, who was
+more anxious to connect the letter with him than to promote the
+discipline of the students.</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir; I don't think Captain Kendall ever saw Linggold."</p>
+
+<p>"We are to conclude, Duncan, that you put him up to this mischief,"
+added Mr. Lowington.</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir; I did," answered Duncan, candidly.</p>
+
+<p>"Why did you virtually deny all knowledge of the letter when I appealed
+to the ship's company before the suspension of Captain Kendall,"
+continued Mr. Lowington, sternly.</p>
+
+<p>"I will explain. I met Linggold in Antwerp, and spent an hour with him
+at the H&ocirc;tel St. Antoine, where he was staying with his uncle. He wanted
+to know about the academy squadron, and I told him all about both
+vessels. As the trouble we had had in the Josephine was uppermost in the
+minds of all of us, I told him all about that."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_295" id="Page_295">[Pg 295]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Did you, indeed?'? said Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"I did, indeed. I am willing to acknowledge that I intended to join with
+the rest of the fellows in hazing Mr. Hamblin."</p>
+
+<p>"Are you, indeed?" sneered the professor, so wrathy that it was
+impossible for him to keep his seat, and he began to stride up and down
+the cabin.</p>
+
+<p>"I am, indeed. About a dozen of us were going to write letters to Mr.
+Hamblin from all the big bugs, including Louis Napoleon, the King of
+Holland, the King of Belgium, and all the Ministers of State whose names
+we could find out."</p>
+
+<p>"Were you, indeed?" gasped the <i>savant</i>, passing before the witness.</p>
+
+<p>"We were, indeed. I told Linggold what we were going to do, and he
+promised to help me, being a first-rate French and German scholar; but I
+told him we didn't want any help, and that he would get me into a scrape
+if he meddled with the matter. I meant to have the letters mailed in
+some place where none of us ever went. I told Linggold I wanted him to
+take the letters and mail them at Cologne, and other places he went to
+in his travels; and he promised to do so. I didn't think of such a thing
+as his writing any letter after what I said. I left him then, and
+haven't seen or heard from him since till now. He must have written the
+letter right off, and mailed it at once, for it came on board the
+Josephine that night."</p>
+
+<p>"Do you mean to say that you didn't know this letter was to be written?"
+demanded Mr. Hamblin, sharply.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_296" id="Page_296">[Pg 296]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"When I asked you to give me a translation of it, were you not aware
+that it was a forgery?"</p>
+
+<p>"I supposed it was."</p>
+
+<p>"You knew it was!"</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir; I did not. I had no knowledge whatever in regard to the
+writer. It did not occur to me, after what had passed between Linggold
+and me, that he wrote the letter. I believed it was done by some fellow
+on board. When the captain was arrested, all the fellows tried to find
+out who had sent the letter, but no one would acknowledge it."</p>
+
+<p>"Did you write any letters of this description, Duncan?" asked the
+principal.</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir. I had two conversations with the captain; and when he asked me
+to do what I could to prevent any tricks being played upon the
+professor, I determined not to have anything to do with the letters, or
+any practical jokes of any kind. I can bring a dozen fellows to prove
+that I said all I could to keep them from playing any tricks."</p>
+
+<p>"What does your friend say in his letter?"</p>
+
+<p>"He says the joke was so good he couldn't resist the temptation to send
+the first letter to the professor himself, and wants to know why I
+didn't send the letters to him that I promised?"</p>
+
+<p>"Why didn't you?"</p>
+
+<p>"After what the captain said, I persuaded the fellows not to write the
+letters, and I did not write any myself. This letter is on the same kind
+of paper as that," added Duncan, pointing to that which Paul had.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_297" id="Page_297">[Pg 297]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Are you satisfied, Mr. Hamblin?" asked Mr. Lowington.</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir, I am not," replied the professor, decidedly. "It appears that
+there was an organized conspiracy against me in the consort."</p>
+
+<p>"But it does not appear that Captain Kendall had anything to do with
+it," added the principal, mildly.</p>
+
+<p>"These boys are deceitful."</p>
+
+<p>"Some of them are," replied Mr. Lowington, taking his pen and writing a
+few lines. "Duncan, I am not satisfied with your conduct."</p>
+
+<p>"I am not satisfied with it myself, sir," answered Duncan. "Perhaps I
+ought to have known where that letter came from when Mr. Hamblin asked
+me to translate it; but I supposed some of the fellows on board had done
+it."</p>
+
+<p>"Didn't you recognize the writing of your friend?"</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir; it is very much like that of half a dozen fellows on board."</p>
+
+<p>"It is very much like Mr. Kendall's," said Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"Linggold, Captain Kendall, and myself, all learned to write in the same
+school."</p>
+
+<p>"Then Mr. Kendall knows this Linggold?"</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir; he didn't go to the school till Captain Kendall left."</p>
+
+<p>"I suppose not," added the incredulous professor. "I am still of the
+opinion that Mr. Kendall wrote that letter."</p>
+
+<p>"I am entirely satisfied that he did not write it. Duncan, you will
+remain on board of the ship. Mr. Terrill, you will return to the
+Josephine, pipe to mus<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_298" id="Page_298">[Pg 298]</a></span>ter, and read this order. Captain Kendall will
+return with you."</p>
+
+<p>"What is the order?" demanded Mr. Hamblin.</p>
+
+<p>"'All charges against Captain Kendall being disproved, he is hereby
+reinstated, and ordered to resume the command of the Josephine,'"
+replied the principal, reading the order.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Lowington, I protest&mdash;"</p>
+
+<p>"I have heard you patiently, Mr. Hamblin, and have given my decision,"
+interposed the principal, directing the students present to retire.</p>
+
+<p>Paul bowed to Mr. Lowington, and left the cabin. The investigation had
+ended as he had supposed from the beginning that it would end.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Lowington, I protest against this decision," repeated Mr. Hamblin,
+angrily. "I feel obliged to say that there has been a great lack of
+judgment in managing this unpleasant business."</p>
+
+<p>"And I feel obliged to remind you, Mr. Hamblin, that I am the principal
+of this academy squadron. My decision is final," replied Mr. Lowington,
+with dignity, as he rose from his chair and left the cabin.</p>
+
+<p>"Snubbed by the boys, snubbed by the principal!" exclaimed the learned
+gentleman. "Dr. Winstock, did you ever witness a more ridiculous farce
+in your life?"</p>
+
+<p>"Never, sir," replied the surgeon. "It seems to me that you insist upon
+condemning Captain Kendall, guilty or innocent."</p>
+
+<p>"I have no doubt whatever of his guilt. Those boys are all in league
+with each other, Kendall included. There is a conspiracy to annoy me,
+and to<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_299" id="Page_299">[Pg 299]</a></span> get rid of me; but they will find they have mistaken their man
+in me, if they haven't in anybody else! Dr. Winstock, I tell you the
+letter Duncan held in his hand was a fiction! I have been with students
+all my life, and I know them."</p>
+
+<p>"Why a fiction?"</p>
+
+<p>"That Duncan, who is a very plausible young man, and a friend of
+Kendall, mind, is at the bottom of all this mischief. He wrote the
+Cologne letter himself. It was got up, and sent enclosed to the
+postmaster at Cologne, who of course forwarded it to Rotterdam. It is a
+trick to disprove the charge against Kendall."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin was very much excited, and developed his theory in full to
+the surgeon, who quietly pointed out its discrepancies. He insisted that
+the students of the Josephine had thorned and irritated him for the sole
+purpose of getting rid of him, and that Paul was at the bottom of the
+mischief.</p>
+
+<p>"When Mr. Lowington has been among students as long as I have, he will
+understand them better," he added, triumphantly, for he was satisfied
+that he had established his position. "The Josephine is an utter
+failure! The plan is absurd and ridiculous. The senior professor has no
+authority; or it is divided with a boy who hates Greek!"</p>
+
+<p>Dr. Winstock had heard quite enough on the subject, and it was a great
+relief to him when the dinner-bell rang. At this moment three times
+three rousing cheers came over the water from the Josephine. It was not
+difficult to determine the occasion of this demonstration; but Mr.
+Hamblin declared it was another evidence that the students in the
+consort were<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_300" id="Page_300">[Pg 300]</a></span> all in league, and that the captain of her, instead of
+being cheered, ought to be in the brig.</p>
+
+<p>Before the dinner was finished, a Dutch steamer, which Mr. Fluxion had
+engaged, came alongside the ship, and all hands were piped on board. She
+then went to the Josephine, and received her company.</p>
+
+<p>"This steamer does not seem to be much different from those we saw in
+England," said Paul, as he seated himself with Dr. Winstock where they
+could see the country on both sides of the river.</p>
+
+<p>"Not very different, but it is very unlike an American boat," replied
+the surgeon.</p>
+
+<p>"The steering apparatus is not like anything I ever saw before," added
+Paul. "The helmsman stands on a raised platform, and his wheel revolves
+horizontally."</p>
+
+<p>"All the Rhine steamers have that arrangement."</p>
+
+<p>"I think a wheel-house forward is ever so much better. I see the cook is
+a woman."</p>
+
+<p>"Yes; all the Rhine steamers have female cooks. This boat, I believe,
+belongs to the Moerdyk line. Passengers from Antwerp come by railroad to
+Moerdyk, and there take the steamer to Rotterdam. This country is very
+favorable to railroads in being level, but very unfavorable in the
+number of rivers and cut-offs to be crossed, which it is impossible to
+bridge."</p>
+
+<p>The steamer stood up the Leck, and turned into the Merwe, which is a
+branch five or six miles in length, connecting the Leck and the Waal. On
+each side was a dike, of course; but the view from the steamer showed
+only an ordinary bank. The top of it was broad, and occasionally there
+was a neat cottage or<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_301" id="Page_301">[Pg 301]</a></span> a little inn upon the top of it. The roof or
+chimney of a house beyond it was frequently observed, otherwise the
+uninformed traveller would not have suspected the character of the
+country. The embankment was studded with windmills, placed on the
+highest ground, to give the sails the full benefit of the wind. Some of
+them were used for grinding grain, some for sawing lumber, and others
+for forcing the water up from the low ground into the river.</p>
+
+<p>The steamer passed from the Merwe into the Waal, and stood up the river.
+There was but little variation in the scenery. The wall of dikes on
+either side was uninterrupted. Sometimes they were lined with rows of
+trees, between which was the common road; at others they were bare and
+naked. The captain of the steamer told them that a portion of the
+country in the vicinity was lower than the bottom of the river. The
+whole region seemed to be saturated with water, and the wonder is that
+the people can go to bed at night with any assurance that they will not
+be drowned out before morning.</p>
+
+<p>"There is the Castle of Loevestein," said the captain of the boat, who
+spoke good English, "and the fort below has the same name."</p>
+
+<p>"Did you ever hear of it before?" asked Mr. Mapps, who was on the
+lookout for places of historical interest, as he turned to a group of
+seamen.</p>
+
+<p>"You mentioned it this morning," replied one of the students.</p>
+
+<p>"In what connection?"</p>
+
+<p>"Some man had a wonderful escape from it," added another.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_302" id="Page_302">[Pg 302]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Who was that man?"</p>
+
+<p>"A Dutchman with a Latin name."</p>
+
+<p>"Grotius, or De Groot," added Mr. Mapps. "The Stadtholder, Prince
+Maurice, the boy general and ruler, wished to make himself hereditary
+sovereign of the Netherlands, and was opposed by the judge, Barneveldt,
+and Grotius. The prince carried the day; Barneveldt was executed, and
+Grotius imprisoned in this castle, where he was kept nearly two years.
+He was very strictly guarded at first; but his wife, finding that the
+vigilance of the sentinels was relaxed, devised a scheme for effecting
+his liberation. The books, papers, and linen of the prisoner were
+conveyed to him in a large box, which the guards, having so often
+searched in vain for contraband articles, at last neglected to examine.
+The box, and the carelessness of the soldiers, suggested to the wife of
+Grotius the means of getting her husband out of the castle.</p>
+
+<p>"She prepared the chest by boring some holes in it, for the admission of
+the air, and took her servant-girl into her confidence. The box was
+conveyed to the apartment of Grotius, and the project explained to him.
+He did not relish the idea of being shut up in a chest, and rolled about
+in a boat; but his wife's entreaties prevailed over his scruples. It was
+pretended that the box was filled with books which the learned man had
+borrowed in Gorcum, the town which you see on the other side of the
+river.</p>
+
+<p>"The chest, containing the philosopher, was conveyed by the soldiers
+down to the boat, in charge of the servant-girl. When one of them
+complained of its weight, the man said it was the Arminian books which<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_303" id="Page_303">[Pg 303]</a></span>
+were so heavy; for Grotius was an Arminian in his theology. The soldier
+suggested that it was the Arminian himself; but this was intended as a
+joke, and the box was tumbled into the boat. The servant made a signal
+with her handkerchief to her mistress, who was looking out of the
+window, to indicate that all was right.</p>
+
+<p>"When the boat reached Gorcum, the box was conveyed to the house of a
+friend of Grotius, of whom it was presumed that he had borrowed the
+books. The servant-girl told him that her master was in the box, and
+begged his assistance; but he was so terrified, in view of the
+consequences, that he refused to have anything to do with the matter.
+His wife, however, had more pluck in the service of a friend, and,
+having sent all her domestics out of the house on various errands, she
+opened the box, and released the philosopher from durance vile.</p>
+
+<p>"Grotius, who had suffered no serious inconvenience from his confinement
+in the box, which was only three and a half feet long, was disguised as
+a mason, and, with a rule and trowel in his hand, was conducted to a
+boat, and sent into Belgium, where he was safe from pursuit.</p>
+
+<p>"The philosopher's wife remained in the room occupied by her husband in
+the castle, and used every means to conceal his escape. She lighted the
+lamp in his room at dark, by which the governor of the prison was
+deceived. She was arrested and imprisoned for a short time; but when
+discharged, she joined her husband in Paris, whither he had gone."</p>
+
+<p>"There is a frigate in the Dutch navy called the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_304" id="Page_304">[Pg 304]</a></span> Marie van
+Reigersberch, named for the wife of Grotius," added the captain of the
+steamer, who had been an attentive listener to the story.</p>
+
+<p>The steamer went but a short distance farther up the Waal, and then came
+about. She soon reached Dort, or Dordrecht, where she made a landing,
+and the students wandered for an hour through the streets of this
+ancient town.</p>
+
+<p>"This is a musty old place," said Paul, as he walked up one of the
+streets with a canal in the middle of it, in company with Mr. Fluxion
+and the surgeon; "I shouldn't feel safe here unless I lived in a boat."</p>
+
+<p>"Many of the people live in boats, as you perceive," added Mr. Fluxion,
+as he pointed to a gayly-painted craft, on the deck of which was a group
+of children.</p>
+
+<p>At the little window in the stern sat a woman, sewing, while another was
+knitting near the cabin door. There were white muslin curtains at the
+stern ports, and what could be seen of the interior of the apartment
+indicated that it was kept extremely neat.</p>
+
+<p>"I think I should prefer to live in something that would float, in case
+of accident," laughed the doctor, "especially in this part of Holland.
+The operation of the water is wonderful. The channel in front of Dort
+was formed by an inundation which separated the town from the main land,
+leaving it deep enough to float the largest Indiaman."</p>
+
+<p>"The Leck, on which we sailed for a time after leaving Rotterdam, was a
+canal dug by the Romans to connect the Rhine and the Waal," added Mr.
+Fluxion. "A freshet cleaned it out, and tore away its banks so as to
+make the present broad river of it. In<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_305" id="Page_305">[Pg 305]</a></span> an inundation a few years later,
+seventy-two villages were swept away, and one hundred thousand people
+lost their lives. Thirty-five of these villages were never heard from
+afterwards, and not even their ruins could be found."</p>
+
+<p>"I should emigrate if I lived here," said Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"The people of Holland are very much attached to their country," replied
+Dr. Winstock.</p>
+
+<p>"Well, they ought to be, on the principle that we like best what has
+cost us the most trouble to procure," added Paul. "It seems to me a
+great pity that people should struggle here to keep their heads above
+water, when we have so much spare land in America. We could take them
+all in without feeling it."</p>
+
+<p>"Dutchmen would not feel at home on high ground."</p>
+
+<p>"We could plant them down in Louisiana, and even treat them to an
+occasional inundation."</p>
+
+<p>"Certainly we should be very happy to accommodate them with a country.
+We have a great many Dutchmen already, and they make thrifty,
+industrious, and useful people," continued the doctor. "But I think, if
+Holland were blotted out of existence, the world would miss it very
+much."</p>
+
+<p>"This is a great lumber port," said Mr. Fluxion. "Those great rafts
+which float down the Rhine from Switzerland are mostly brought to this
+place. I hope the boys will have a chance to see one of those rafts, for
+they are stupendous affairs. One of them sometimes contains a hundred
+and fifty thousand dollars' worth of lumber, and has a crew of four or
+five hundred men."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_306" id="Page_306">[Pg 306]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I think I heard Mr. Lowington say that we were to go down the Rhine,"
+replied Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"That is the Kloveniers Doelen," said Mr. Fluxion, as he led his
+companions into a back street and pointed out an old Gothic building.
+"It was here that the Protestant divines discussed the doctrines of the
+reformed religion, whose 'miraculous labors made hell tremble,' to quote
+the words of its presiding officer. The assembly is called in history
+the Synod of Dort. The building, as you may see by reading the sign, is
+now a low public house and dance-hall."</p>
+
+<p>"Reading the sign!" exclaimed Paul, laughing; "a fellow would knock all
+the teeth out of his head in attempting to speak some of these words."</p>
+
+<p>"But many of them are very like English words. A dike is a <i>dijk</i>."</p>
+
+<p>"Steamboats are <i>stoombooten</i>," said Paul; "and a street is a straat.
+What are canals?"</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Grachten</i>; the drawbridge is <i>ophaalbruggen</i>."</p>
+
+<p>"Whew!" whistled Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"But you can observe something like open-bridge in the sound. You see
+that the <i>spiegels</i> are very common here."</p>
+
+<p>"I see they are; but I haven't the least idea what they are."</p>
+
+<p>"The little mirrors placed outside the windows."</p>
+
+<p>"I saw plenty of them in Antwerp."</p>
+
+<p>"They are not as common there as in Holland, where they are to be seen
+attached to almost every house. By this contrivance a Dutch dame can see
+every person that passes in the street, without raising<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_307" id="Page_307">[Pg 307]</a></span> the blinds. But
+I think the hour is nearly up, and we must return to the steamer," said
+Mr. Fluxion.</p>
+
+<p>The party went on board, and the steamer returned to Rotterdam by a
+different route from that by which she had come. The next day was
+Sunday. After the second service on board the ship, Mr. Fluxion, having
+occasion to go on shore, invited Paul to accompany him.</p>
+
+<p>"It will not seem much like Sunday to you in Rotterdam," said the
+vice-principal, as they landed at the <i>quai</i>.</p>
+
+<p>"I supposed the Dutch were very strict."</p>
+
+<p>"Some of them are. Look down that street," said Mr. Fluxion, as he
+pointed to the broad avenue which bordered the great river. "You observe
+that the <i>quais</i> are all lined with ships. In the houses opposite live
+the merchants. They occupy the upper stories of the buildings, while the
+lower are used as counting-rooms and storehouses. The ship-owner sits at
+his parlor window and witnesses the unlading of his vessel."</p>
+
+<p>They walked up to the H&ocirc;tel des Pays-Bas, which the traveller is
+informed by its card is situated in the <i>Korte Hoogstraat, wijk N<sup>o</sup>.
+287</i>, where Mr. Fluxion desired to see a gentleman who had engaged to
+meet him there. In one of the public rooms a party were playing cards,
+drinking, and smoking, and talking Dutch in the most vehement manner.
+After a stay of an hour at the hotel, they returned to the <i>quai</i>,
+passing through <i>Zandstraat</i>, which was filled with people, shouting,
+singing, and skylarking. About every other shop appeared to be a
+drinking saloon, in which<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_308" id="Page_308">[Pg 308]</a></span> a fiddle or a hurdy-gurdy was making wild
+music, while the floor was crowded with men and women dancing.</p>
+
+<p>In another street they encountered a mock procession of girls and boys,
+singing in the most stormy manner as they marched along. It was not at
+all like Sunday, and Paul was so shocked at the desecration of the day,
+that he was glad to regain the silence of his cabin in the Josephine.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_309" id="Page_309">[Pg 309]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XIX" id="CHAPTER_XIX"></a>CHAPTER XIX.</h2>
+
+<h3>A RUN THROUGH HOLLAND.</h3>
+
+
+<p>Like that of all impulsive men, the wrath of Mr. Hamblin was
+short-lived, though he still felt that he was greatly abused, greatly
+distrusted, and greatly under-estimated; and the last was the greatest
+sin of all. After the first blast of his anger at the final decision of
+the principal had subsided, he was disposed to be more politic. Mr.
+Lowington had snubbed him, which was a great mistake on Mr. Lowington's
+part.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin knew that he was an older man than the principal, and he
+felt that he was a wiser one, and his employer ought to consult him,
+defer to his opinion, and take his advice. He did not do this to the
+extent the learned gentleman demanded; and the Academy Ship was the
+sufferer thereby, not himself. If Mr. Lowington could stand it, he
+could, disagreeable as it was. If Mr. Hamblin had been pecuniarily
+independent, he would have thrown up his situation, and visited the
+classic lands alone; but as he was not able to do this, he decided to
+submit to Mr. Lowington's caprices, and give the institution the benefit
+of his valuable services.</p>
+
+<p>If the students had known of this decision, they would have remonstrated
+against it. As it was, they<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_310" id="Page_310">[Pg 310]</a></span> protested in their own way. On Saturday
+night, after the return of the students from the excursion, while the
+<i>savant</i> was promenading the deck for his needed exercise, not less than
+three practical jokes were played off upon him. The crew were squaring
+the yards, hauling taut the sheets, lifts, and braces, and putting the
+deck in order for Sunday. The professor was tipped over by getting
+entangled in a piece of rigging, a bucket of water was dashed upon his
+legs, and a portion of the contents of a slush-tub was poured upon him
+from the main-top. No one seemed to see him; the students appeared to be
+struck with blindness, so far as the learned gentleman was concerned. It
+is true that the rogues who pulled the brace, dashed the water, and
+upset the slush-tub, were immediately committed to the brig; but this
+did not seem to afford much comfort to the victim.</p>
+
+<p>On Sunday morning it was necessary to commit three more; but the whole
+six were released in the evening, because they could not sleep in the
+brig. Mr. Lowington was annoyed quite as much as the professor; and when
+Mr. Fluxion came on board, he had a long conversation with him on the
+subject.</p>
+
+<p>"I was a boy once, Mr. Lowington," said the vice-principal; "and I am
+free to say I would not have tolerated such an instructor as Mr.
+Hamblin. He hasn't a particle of sympathy with the students. He is
+haughty, stiff, and overbearing. He is imperious, fretful, snarling, and
+tyrannical. In a word, I don't blame the boys for disliking him."</p>
+
+<p>"I am conscious that he is not the right person. In the case of Kendall,
+he protested against my decision,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_311" id="Page_311">[Pg 311]</a></span> and had the impudence to tell me that
+I lacked judgment. I have engaged him for a year. What shall I do?"
+replied the principal.</p>
+
+<p>"I hardly know; but we shall be in trouble as long as he is in the
+squadron. We must give the boys fair play, if we expect them to do their
+duty."</p>
+
+<p>"I have kept Duncan on board the ship, and I suppose I must punish him,"
+added Mr. Lowington. "He plotted mischief, but he has really done
+nothing."</p>
+
+<p>"Excuse me," said Dr. Winstock, as he opened the door, but retreated
+when he saw that he disturbed a private interview.</p>
+
+<p>"Come in, doctor; I wish to see you," replied the principal.</p>
+
+<p>The surgeon was admitted to the conference, and the case stated to him.</p>
+
+<p>"The pedagogue of the past is rapidly going out of fashion," said the
+doctor. "Our educational system is progressive, and it will no longer
+tolerate the teacher who is the petty tyrant he was twenty years ago.
+Mr. Hamblin is an old-school pedagogue. His will is law, which is all
+right to a certain extent. The teacher must be the judge between right
+and wrong; but he must be gentle and kind, and raise no false issues
+between his pupil and himself. Mr. Hamblin is not gentle and kind. He is
+capricious, wilful, and passionate."</p>
+
+<p>"I agree with you in regard to Mr. Hamblin; but what shall I do?"</p>
+
+<p>"Discharge him," replied the doctor, promptly. "Any instructor who
+cannot get along with Paul Kendall, without quarrelling, is not fit for
+his place.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_312" id="Page_312">[Pg 312]</a></span> The students of the Josephine have hazed Mr. Hamblin out of
+pure sympathy for their captain."</p>
+
+<p>"I have engaged Mr. Hamblin for a year from the 1st of July."</p>
+
+<p>"I should pay him his salary in full, and let him depart in peace, if he
+would."</p>
+
+<p>"We need his services as an instructor."</p>
+
+<p>"So far as that is concerned, I will volunteer to take the department of
+mathematics. I was a tutor in college in that branch for a couple of
+years."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington thanked the surgeon for this offer; and the call to divine
+service in the steerage terminated the interview. The principal's
+advisers spoke his own opinions; and the only thing that embarrassed him
+in getting rid of the obnoxious professor was the bad conduct of the
+students in regard to him. It was emphatically wrong for them to "haze"
+an unpopular professor; and Mr. Lowington was not willing to act under
+apparent compulsion.</p>
+
+<p>The school studies were continued as usual through the forenoon of
+Monday. After dinner, dressed in their best uniforms, with bag and
+blanket, the students were conveyed to the shore for their trip through
+Holland, which was to occupy three or four days. The first afternoon was
+to be occupied in exploring Rotterdam, and, as usual, Paul Kendall and
+Dr. Winstock kept together.</p>
+
+<p>"This is the <i>Hoogstraat</i>," said the doctor, when they reached the
+principal street of the city.</p>
+
+<p>"Does that mean <i>Hog Street</i>?"</p>
+
+<p>"Not at all," laughed Dr. Winstock. "It means the <i>High Street</i>. It is
+situated on the top of an old<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_313" id="Page_313">[Pg 313]</a></span> dike or dam, built to keep the Maas from
+overflowing the country behind it. One of these canals is formed out of
+the River Rotte. This stream and this dam gave the name of <i>Rotterdam</i>
+to the place."</p>
+
+<p>"Whose statue is that?" asked Paul, when they came to a wide bridge over
+a broad canal.</p>
+
+<p>"That is the statue of Erasmus, who was born in Rotterdam."</p>
+
+<p>"Never heard of him."</p>
+
+<p>"He was a noted theologian and classical scholar, who made his mark in
+the polemical discussions of Germany and Switzerland in the time of the
+Reformation. This is the <i>Groote Markt</i>, or market-place, of Rotterdam,"
+added Dr. Winstock, when they had crossed the bridge.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/i002.jpg" width="500" height="301" alt="A Disagreement among the Dog Teams.&mdash;Page 314." title="" />
+<span class="caption">A Disagreement among the Dog Teams.&mdash;Page 314.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_314" id="Page_314">[Pg 314]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>It was a great square, in the middle of which the canal widened into a
+basin for the accommodation of the market boats, by which the meats and
+vegetables are brought from the country. There were plenty of dog teams
+passing in and out of this square, and at rest there, which amused the
+young Americans hugely. The vehicle&mdash;a little cart or wagon, sometimes
+large enough to contain four of the great polished brass milk-cans,
+holding from ten to twenty gallons, and sometimes no bigger than a baby
+carriage&mdash;was generally in charge of a woman. In some of them the dog
+was regularly harnessed in a pair of shafts; but in the larger ones
+there was a division of labor between the driver and the animals. The
+woman held the shafts, while the dogs, from two to six in number, were
+attached to various parts of the vehicle. If there were but two of them,
+they generally trotted<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_315" id="Page_315">[Pg 315]</a></span> under the wagon, being harnessed to the
+axletree; if more than two, the others were hitched on ahead of her, and
+at each side of her. The dogs were of all sorts and sizes, and seemed to
+be patient and well trained in the discharge of their duty. In some
+instances, while the woman held the shaft, a stout man walked behind,
+with a stick in his hand, officiating as general manager of the team,
+including his "<i>vrow</i>"!</p>
+
+<p>"There's a row!" shouted Paul, as they approached the banks of the
+canal.</p>
+
+<p>"That's not an uncommon scene in Holland," replied the doctor, laughing.</p>
+
+<p>One of the first-class dog teams had incautiously been conducted too
+near another team, reposing, after the labors of the day, on the verge
+of the canal. Some canine demonstration on the part of the idle dogs,
+doubtless, excited the ire of the travelling team, and, without asking
+the woman's permission, the latter deserted the ranks, so far as their
+harness would permit, and "pitched into" the others, which sprang to
+their feet, and met the assailants half way. All the dogs howled,
+growled, and barked vehemently, and in a moment the two teams were
+rolling upon the ground, entangled in their rigging, snapping, biting,
+and kicking, in mad fury.</p>
+
+<p>The woman seized a stick, and belabored the belligerents with great
+vigor; but the fight continued, in spite of her, until several women
+interfered, and dragged the cart of the idlers, clogs and all, out of
+the reach of the others. The driver, after severely whipping her charge,
+unsnarled their rigging, and went on her way. Paul had to stop and laugh
+frequently at<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_316" id="Page_316">[Pg 316]</a></span> these dog teams, the animals presented so many different
+phases of character. Some of them howled or barked as they trudged
+along; and many manifested a desire to make the acquaintance of other
+teams on their way, much to the annoyance of the driver, who would storm
+at them in Dutch, kick and whip them.</p>
+
+<p>Many of the men, women, and children wore sabots, or wooden shoes, which
+Paul compared to canal boats, and went clumping and clattering along the
+streets like champion clog-dancers. The Flemish cap, worn by some of the
+peasant women, also amused Paul very much. From each side of the
+wearer's head, near the eye, projected a brass ornament, in the shape of
+a spiral spring, but each circle diminishing in size till the wire ended
+in a point, like a gimlet.</p>
+
+<p>In the older parts of the city the tourists found brick buildings whose
+walls slant outwards, so that the eaves would project eighteen inches
+over the base, as farmers in New England sometimes build their
+corn-barns.</p>
+
+<p>Rotterdam contains about as many canals as streets, which are frequently
+crossed by draw-bridges. Some of these are handsome iron structures,
+revolving on a balance, so as to make a passage on each side when open.
+Others were raised by heavy framework overhead; and in some of the
+bridges there was only an opening one or two feet wide, to permit the
+passing of the vessel's masts.</p>
+
+<p>After examining the canals and bridges in this part of the city, Paul
+and the doctor walked to the church of St. Lawrence, which is noted for
+its great organ, ninety feet high, and containing sixty-five hundred
+pipes.</p>
+
+<p>"Now, Paul, we will take a carriage and ride up<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_317" id="Page_317">[Pg 317]</a></span> to the park, and go
+from there to the railway station," said the doctor, as they left the
+<i>Groote Kerk</i>.</p>
+
+<p>"What is that man eating?" asked Paul, as they passed through one of the
+dirtiest parts of the city, where, on the bank of the canal, a woman was
+standing behind a table loaded down with a heap of shellfish, just as
+they came from the mud.</p>
+
+<p>The customer was taking them from the shells, drinking at intervals from
+a cup.</p>
+
+<p>"They are a kind of mussel; I never had confidence enough to taste of
+them," laughed the doctor. "The condiments are in the cup, I suppose. Do
+you wish to try them?"</p>
+
+<p>"No, I thank you; my stomach is not lined with zinc, and such a vile
+mess as that would be too much for it. Those cakes look better," added
+Paul, pointing to a stand where a man and woman were cooking waffles, or
+flapjacks, which were eaten by the purchasers in a neat little booth.</p>
+
+<p>"Those are very nice," said the doctor. "We will try some of them. You
+never need have any suspicions of the neatness of these Dutch women."</p>
+
+<p>They went into the booth, and were soon supplied with a couple of the
+cakes, hot from the furnace, and covered with powdered white sugar. Paul
+agreed that they were very nice.</p>
+
+<p>"The signs amuse me quite as much as any thing else, and I am studying
+Dutch by their aid," said Paul, as they continued on their way.</p>
+
+<p>"Read this, then," added the doctor, handing him a yellow paper bag he
+picked up in the street, on which was a shopkeeper's advertisement.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_318" id="Page_318">[Pg 318]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"I can read some of it," replied Paul; and the reader may help him.</p>
+
+<h4>
+In de Mooriaan.<br />
+Deze en meer andere soorten van<br />
+<span class="smcap">TABAK, SNUIF, SIGAREN, KOFFIJ,</span><br />
+THEE ENZ<br />
+<i>zijn te bekomen bij</i><br />
+D. B. SCHRETLEN,<br />
+Zandstraat, Wijk 5, No. 447,<br />
+ROTTERDAM.<br />
+</h4>
+
+<p>"Tobacco, snuff, cigars, coffee&mdash;these are plain enough. What does 'Wijk
+5' mean?"</p>
+
+<p>"That is a division or ward of the city, like E. C. and W. C., in
+London."</p>
+
+<p>The carriage was obtained, and they rode to the park, which, however,
+had no particular attractions. With the exception of the canals, and the
+manners and customs of the people, there is little to see in Rotterdam.
+On the way they met a funeral, the carriages of which were peculiar; and
+the driver of the hearse wore a black straw hat, with a brim more than a
+foot wide, and with great white bands at his neck.</p>
+
+<p>At five o'clock the students had all collected at the station of the
+<i>Hollandsche Spoorweg</i>, or Holland Railroad; and in twenty minutes the
+train set them down at Delft, the port from which the Speedwell sailed
+with a portion of the Pilgrim Fathers of New England. The name of the
+town is derived from "<i>delven</i>," to dig. It contains twenty thousand
+inhabitants, and was formerly noted for its pottery manufacture, which
+was called Delft ware, from this place.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_319" id="Page_319">[Pg 319]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>The party went immediately to the <i>Prinsenhof</i>, now a barrack, which was
+the building in which the Prince of Orange was assassinated. The spot
+where the murder took place was pointed out. A descriptive stone in the
+wall records the event. From this place they passed on to the Old
+Church, nearly opposite, which has a leaning tower, and saw the tomb of
+Van Tromp, the great Dutch admiral, the hero of thirty-two sea-fights.
+In the New Church is the monument of the Prince of Orange. His statue
+rests upon it; and at the feet of the great man is represented a little
+dog. The inscription was translated by Mr. Mapps, and the allusion to
+the dog afforded the professor an opportunity to tell a story.</p>
+
+<p>"While the prince was asleep in his camp, near Mechlin, the Spaniards
+attempted to murder him," said he, "and would probably have succeeded
+had if not been for this little dog. As the assassins approached the
+tent, the dog discovered them, and jumped upon his master's bed, barking
+furiously, and tugging at the clothing with his feet and teeth. The
+prince was awakened, and succeeded in making his escape. When his master
+was killed, twelve years later, this dog pined away and died."</p>
+
+<p>"Perhaps he died of old age," suggested one of the students.</p>
+
+<p>"The story is, that he refused to eat from grief. I cannot vouch for it;
+but he was a good dog, and deserves the mention made of him on the tomb.
+This church contains the burial-vaults of the present royal family of
+Holland."</p>
+
+<p>At six o'clock the train was off for The Hague, and<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_320" id="Page_320">[Pg 320]</a></span> arrived there in
+fifteen minutes. On the way, the spire of the church at Ryswick, where
+the treaty of 1697 mentioned in all the school histories, was framed,
+was pointed out to the students. Accommodations had been engaged in the
+city for the company and they remained here over night.</p>
+
+<p>The Hague, or, as the Dutch call it, <i>S'Gravenhage</i>, and the French <i>La
+Haye</i>, is the capital, and has a population of eighty-one thousand.
+Though it was the residence of the stadtholders in former times, it was
+only a small village, and its notable features are of modern origin.
+Barneveldt was executed and the De Witts murdered here. The Picture
+Gallery and the Museum were specially opened for the young Americans.
+The works of art were hastily viewed, and the students passed into the
+Cabinet of Curiosities, of which there is a vast collection, including
+an immense number of dresses, implements, and models illustrating life
+in Japan and in China.</p>
+
+<p>Among the historical relics are the armor worn by the admirals De Ruiter
+and Van Tromp; the portrait and sword of Van Speyk, who blew up his
+vessel on the Scheldt; a part of the bed of Czar Peter the Great, on
+which he slept while working at ship-building; the last shirt and
+waistcoat worn by William III. of England; the dress in which the Prince
+of Orange was murdered; the pistol of the assassin, with two of the
+bullets; a model of Peter's cabin at Zaandam, or Sardam, and many other
+objects of interest which seemed to bring the distant past before the
+eye of the beholders.</p>
+
+<p>Early the next morning the students were roaming<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_321" id="Page_321">[Pg 321]</a></span> at will through the
+city, anxious to see what they could of its handsome streets, the
+principal of which is the Voorhout, lined with trees, and flanked with
+splendid edifices. After breakfast the train bore them on to Leyden. On
+the way, at the suggestion of Mr. Fluxion, the train, which was a
+special, was stopped, and the students were allowed half an hour to
+explore some beautiful gardens which abounded in this vicinity. Many of
+them belonged to the country seats of wealthy gentlemen, and were as
+magnificent as fairyland itself.</p>
+
+<p>But what pleased Paul more than the gardens of rich men, was an
+opportunity to visit the house and grounds of a citizen in humbler life.
+Mr. Fluxion asked the permission, which was readily granted.</p>
+
+<p>"You needn't take your shoes off here, as you must in some parts of
+Holland, before you enter a house; but you must wipe them very
+carefully," said the vice-principal. "The greatest sin against a Dutch
+housewife is to carry any dirt into her premises."</p>
+
+<p>Paul made sure that not a particle of dust clung to his feet, and
+entered the cottage. It was plainly furnished; but everything was as
+clean, and white, and neat as though the room had been the interior of
+the upper bureau drawer. Dr. Winstock ventured the remark, that Dutch
+husbands must be the most miserable men in the world, since it could not
+but be painful to be so excruciatingly nice.</p>
+
+<p>The proprietor of the house had about half an acre of land, which
+constituted his garden. It was laid out with winding walks and fanciful
+plats of ground, filled with the richest-hued flowers. It contained a<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_322" id="Page_322">[Pg 322]</a></span>
+pond and a canal, on a small scale; for a Dutchman would not be at home
+without a water prospect, even if it were only in miniature. At the end
+of the garden, overlooking the pond, there was a grotesque little summer
+house, large enough to accommodate the proprietor and his family. Here,
+of a summer afternoon, he smoked his pipe, drank his tea, coffee, or
+beer, while his wife plied her needle, and the children played at the
+door.</p>
+
+<p>"What is that inscription on the house?" asked Paul, as they approached
+the building.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Mijn genegenheid is voldam</i>," replied Mr. Fluxion.</p>
+
+<p>"Exactly so! I understand that, and those are my sentiments," laughed
+Paul; "but what does it all mean?"</p>
+
+<p>"'My desire is satisfied,'" replied the vice-principal.</p>
+
+<p>"He is a happy man if that is so," added the doctor.</p>
+
+<p>"Many of the Dutch label their garden houses with a sentiment like
+that," continued Mr. Fluxion. "I have seen one somewhere which smacks of
+Yankee slang&mdash;'<i>Niet zoo kwaalijk</i>.'"</p>
+
+<p>"I should say that was slang," interposed Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"It means, 'Not so bad.'"</p>
+
+<p>"Well, it isn't so bad, after all," added the doctor, glancing back at
+the "<i>zomerhuis</i>," as they retired, with many thanks to the proprietor
+for the privilege granted to them.</p>
+
+<p>The hoarse croaking of the locomotive whistle, which appeared to have a
+cold in its head, drummed the students together again, and the train
+proceeded.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_323" id="Page_323">[Pg 323]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"This is the Rhine," said the doctor, as they went over a bridge.</p>
+
+<p>"The Rhine!" exclaimed Paul, jumping out of his seat. "Why, it isn't
+anything!"</p>
+
+<p>"That is true; but you must remember that this is the old Rhine,&mdash;the
+part which was dug out, robbed of the burden of its waters by the Yssel,
+the Leck, and the Waal. The Rhine of Germany is quite another affair.
+The mouth of the Rhine is eight miles below Leyden. It was closed for a
+thousand years."</p>
+
+<p>"What became of its waters? They must have gone somewhere," said Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"They disposed of themselves in various small streams, and worked their
+way to the ocean, or soaked into the sands. The mouth of the river was
+opened in 1809, by an engineer, under the direction of Louis Napoleon,
+King of Holland. But the ocean at high tide was higher than the river,
+and to prevent the sea from flowing back into the country and disturbing
+the system of dikes, immense gates were made in the sluiceways
+constructed for the purpose. When the tide comes in, these gates are
+shut. At low tide they are opened to let the water out. Indeed, this is
+true of all the canals, which are provided with gates at each end, like
+a dock. The dikes at the mouth of the Rhine are stupendous works; and as
+the foundation is nothing but sand, they are built on piles, and the
+face of them is of stone. This is Leyden."</p>
+
+<p>"What is there here?" asked Paul, as they got out of the carriage.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_324" id="Page_324">[Pg 324]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"It has about the same sights as Delft, and also a celebrated
+university; but it is more noted for its siege by the Spaniards, in
+1574, than for anything else. Doubtless Mr. Mapps will fight the battle
+over again."</p>
+
+<p>Of course the professor of geography and history could not lose such a
+glorious opportunity, and in the <i>Stadhuis</i>, where the picture of Peter
+Vanderwerf, the burgomaster who so bravely defended the place in the
+memorable siege, was pointed out, he took advantage of the moment.</p>
+
+<p>"The city had held out four months," said he, after introducing the
+topic, "when the worst came. The Prince of Orange had promised to assist
+the people by supplying them with food; but so close was the blockade of
+the place by the Spaniards, that it was impossible to do so. They were
+reduced to the very verge of starvation. Dogs, cats, rats, horses, were
+greedily eaten. Six thousand of the people died of pestilence, which
+came with the famine, and there was hardly force enough to bury the
+dead. Though pressed and threatened by the citizens, the inflexible
+burgomaster refused to surrender the town. At last a couple of carrier
+pigeons flew into the city, which brought the intelligence that the
+prince had cut the dikes, and sent Admiral Boiset to their relief when
+the rising waters should drive the Spaniards away. But the waters did
+not rise high enough to enable the admiral to approach, and the people
+prayed to Heaven for help. It came. A storm and a gale forced the waters
+far up the river to the walls of Leyden.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_325" id="Page_325">[Pg 325]</a></span> Boiset, with eight hundred
+wild Zealanders, fought their way through the Spaniards, perched in the
+trees, in boats, or in such places above the water as they could find,
+and made his way into the town. A thousand of the enemy were drowned.
+Leyden was saved, and the people celebrate the day of their deliverance
+up to the present time.</p>
+
+<p>"As a reward for their bravery and dogged perseverance, the prince gave
+them the choice of a university or exemption from a portion of their
+taxes. They chose the former, and the University of Leyden was the
+result."</p>
+
+<p>After a hasty walk to a few of the points of interest in the town, the
+journey was resumed, and in twenty minutes the party was set down in
+Harlem. In the <i>Groote Kerk</i> of St. Bavon, they listened to the playing
+of another great organ, including imitations of bells, and the <i>vox
+humana</i>, or "<i>nux vomica</i>," as some of the students persisted in calling
+it. Harlem is famous for its hyacinths and tulips, the passion for which
+grew out of the great <i>tulip mania</i>, two hundred years ago, when single
+cuttings of these bulbs were sold for four thousand florins, and even at
+higher prices. They are raised not only in gardens, but in fields
+hundreds of acres in extent; for they are a very important article of
+commerce, the gardens of Europe being supplied from this vicinity.</p>
+
+<p>Harlem resisted the Spaniards with the same vigor and determination that
+distinguished Leyden, though with a less fortunate result; and Mr. Mapps
+was too glad to tell the exciting story. The town held out till<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_326" id="Page_326">[Pg 326]</a></span>
+starvation was inevitable, when it was decided by the brave defenders to
+form in a body around their women and children, and fight their way
+through the enemy. The Spaniards, hearing of this scheme, sent in a flag
+of truce, offering pardon and freedom, if the town and fifty-seven of
+the chief citizens should be given up. This number of the principal men
+volunteered to be the sacrifice, and the terms were accepted; but the
+bloodthirsty Duke of Alva, having first murdered the fifty-seven
+citizens, entered upon an indiscriminate massacre of the people, of whom
+two thousand were slain. When the executioners were weary with the
+slaughter, the victims were bound together in couples, and thrown into
+the Lake of Harlem. Four years later, the town fell into the hands of
+the Dutch again.</p>
+
+<p>After the professor had finished the siege of Harlem, the party walked
+along the Spaarne to the machinery used for draining the low land
+formerly covered by the lake. This territory, three hundred years ago,
+was dry land; but an inundation gave it over to the dominion of the sea.
+About twenty-five years ago, the States General of Holland undertook to
+drain it, by forming a double dike and canal entirely around the
+district, thirty-three miles in circumference, and containing forty-five
+thousand acres. Three huge systems of pumps were erected, to be worked
+by steam, and the task of discharging an average depth of thirteen feet
+of water was begun. After four years' pumping, the lake was dried up,
+and the land was sold at the rate of about eighty-five dollars an acre.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_327" id="Page_327">[Pg 327]</a></span>
+The machinery is still required to keep the water down. One engine works
+eleven pumps, with a lift of thirteen feet, discharging sixty-three tons
+of water at a stroke.</p>
+
+<p>The travellers took their places in the train, and in a few minutes were
+conveyed over the causeways into Amsterdam, in season for the two
+o'clock dinner.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_328" id="Page_328">[Pg 328]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XX" id="CHAPTER_XX"></a>CHAPTER XX.</h2>
+
+<h3>ADIEU TO HOLLAND AND PROFESSOR HAMBLIN.</h3>
+
+
+<p>After dinner the party, in charge of a couple of the city officials, who
+had given them a welcome, went to the Palace, the noblest building in
+Amsterdam. It rests upon nearly fourteen thousand piles, driven seventy
+feet through the mud to "hard pan." During the reign of King Louis, it
+was his residence, and the other sovereigns of Holland used it when they
+visited the city. Its remarkable feature is an imposing hall, one
+hundred and twenty feet long, fifty-seven feet wide, and one hundred
+feet high. The interior is lined with Italian marble, and adorned with
+works of art.</p>
+
+<p>"Young gentlemen," said Mr. Mapps, taking position in this great hall,
+"Amsterdam contains a population of two hundred and sixty-eight
+thousand. In shape, it forms rather more than the plane of a half
+circle, the circumference being composed of the walls of the city,
+outside of which is an immense canal. Inside of the walls there are four
+principal canals, extending nearly around the city. Take the transverse
+section of the trunk of a chestnut tree, divide it, with the grain of
+the wood, into two equal parts, and the top of one of them will give you
+the plane of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_329" id="Page_329">[Pg 329]</a></span> the half circle. The layers of the log, formed by each
+year's growth, would indicate the canals and the intervening spaces
+covered with buildings. The heart of the city, however, is irregular.</p>
+
+<p>"Each of these canals is situated in the centre of a broad street. The
+Keizers Gracht, or Canal, is one hundred and forty feet wide. They are
+not circular, but form the sides of an irregular decagon. Other canals
+intersect the principal ones, so that all parts of the city may be
+visited in boats or vessels. The River Amstel flows through the town by
+a winding course; and Amsterdam is derived from the name of this stream
+and the dam built over it, in former days, on the spot where this
+edifice is located.</p>
+
+<p>"The Y, or the Ij, is an arm of the Zuyder Zee, and forms the diameter
+of the half circle; but it is bent in the shape of a bow. The water is
+admitted to the canals by the Amstel. At low tide the water in the
+Zuyder Zee is only six or seven inches below the level of this river,
+and great difficulty is experienced in obtaining a circulation of water
+in the canals, where it stagnates, and affects the health of the city.
+All the canals and openings from the sea are protected by flood-gates
+and sluices. The canals which cut up the city divide it into no less
+than ninety islands, connected by two hundred and fifty bridges.</p>
+
+<p>"The entire town, its sluices, and even some of its canals, are built
+upon piles; for the soil beneath is nothing but loose sand and bog mud.
+In 1822 a vast warehouse sunk down into the mud, on account of the
+weight of grain stored in it. Amsterdam is not only<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_330" id="Page_330">[Pg 330]</a></span> in peril from the
+sea around it, but there is danger that the bottom may drop out.</p>
+
+<p>"In the Spanish war, of which I have had so much to say since we entered
+Holland, Amsterdam was held by the Duke of Alva, and, with this city as
+the base of operations, he intended to conquer the country. The siege of
+Harlem was conducted from this direction.</p>
+
+<p>"A small fleet of Dutch armed vessels was frozen up near this city, and
+a force was sent to capture them by the Spanish commander. The crews
+opened a wide trench in the ice around their vessels, and, putting on
+their skates as the besiegers approached, advanced to give them battle.
+The Dutchmen, perfectly at home on skates, out-man&oelig;uvred and beat the
+Spaniards, who left several hundred of their dead on the ice. The duke
+was astonished; but he was a prudent man, and ordered seven thousand
+pairs of skates, upon which his troops were trained to perform military
+movements."</p>
+
+<p>"That was a big thing on ice," said one of the students, as the lecture
+closed.</p>
+
+<p>In the course of the day the party visited the <i>Oude Kerk</i>, or Old
+Church, containing "a big organ," the <i>Niewe Kerk</i>, which has monuments
+to De Ruiter, Van Speyk, and others.</p>
+
+<p>"You will not have an opportunity to go to church in Holland, Paul,"
+said the doctor.</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir; I suppose we sail for Havre this week."</p>
+
+<p>"Most of the people go to church; but they do not observe the Sabbath
+very rigidly. Gentlemen sit with their hats on during the service, or
+take them off, as<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_331" id="Page_331">[Pg 331]</a></span> they please. Amsterdam is one of the most charitable
+cities in the world, and is noted for its almshouses, asylums,
+hospitals. In one orphan asylum there are seven or eight hundred boys
+and girls, who are kept there till they are twenty years old, and then
+sent out with a good trade. They wear a peculiar dress, to prevent them
+from being admitted to theatres, rum-shops, and other improper places;
+for the keepers of these establishments are severely punished if they
+permit any of the children of the public charitable institutions to
+enter their places. A contribution for the poor is taken up every Sunday
+in the churches by the deacons, who use a thing like a shrimp-net with a
+long handle, having a little bell for the benefit of those who wish to
+look the other way when it is thrust in their faces."</p>
+
+<p>"That's a good idea; but, I suppose, the Dutch have invented some small
+coin for these occasions," laughed Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"A stiver, or five Dutch cents, equal to less than two of our cents, is
+small enough. There are a great many poor people in Amsterdam who live
+entirely in cellars. As you have seen, a great many families live in
+vessels, keeping a pig, hens, and ducks on board, and sometimes even
+have a little garden on deck. When the Dutchman gets married and sets up
+in life, he obtains a small boat of from one to three tons, and goes to
+housekeeping on board. If they prosper, they buy a bigger craft; but his
+home, his wife, and children are on the water."</p>
+
+<p>The dike which surrounds Amsterdam has been planted with trees, and
+converted into boulevards.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_332" id="Page_332">[Pg 332]</a></span> There were formerly twenty-six bastions upon
+it, constituting the fortifications of the city; but, being no longer
+useful for defence, windmills have been erected upon them, to grind the
+grain for the city. The four streets bordering the principal canals are
+hardly to be surpassed in Europe. The buildings, which are mostly of
+brick, are unique, with fantastic gables and projecting eaves. Many of
+the streets are lined with trees on the banks of the canals. On the
+whole, the students were more interested in Amsterdam than in any other
+city they had visited, partly, perhaps, on account of its oddity. As
+long as there was light to see, they continued their rambles, and then
+retired early, in order to be prepared for a fresh start the next day.</p>
+
+<p>At five o'clock in the morning the party took a steamer for Zaandam, or
+Sardam. Leaving the shore, they had a fine view of the city. The harbor
+is enclosed by two rows of piles, with occasional openings to admit the
+passage of vessels, which are closed at night with booms armed with iron
+spikes. In various parts of the Ij were seen little pavilions, built
+upon piers, which are the summer houses of wealthy citizens, who own
+pleasure-boats, and repair in them to these cosy little temples, to
+drink wine and coffee and smoke their pipes.</p>
+
+<p>At Sardam the curious students visited the cottage of Peter the Great,
+in which he lived while he worked as a shipwright. The shanty is of
+rough plank, and cants over on one side; but it was surrounded by
+another building by the Queen of Holland, to protect it from further
+decay. It contains but two rooms, one above the other, the former
+reached only by a ladder.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_333" id="Page_333">[Pg 333]</a></span> Alexander of Russia placed over the
+chimney-piece a marble slab bearing the inscription, "Nothing is too
+small for a great man." The walls of both rooms are covered with the
+autographs of visitors, including that of the Emperor of Russia.</p>
+
+<p>From this point the tourists were conveyed by the steamer to Waterland,
+from which they were to proceed by <i>trekschuit</i> to Broek. This peculiar
+craft is a kind of drag-boat, much used for passengers and light freight
+on the canals of Holland. It is a long, narrow barge, nearly the whole
+of which is taken up by a low cabin. Above it is the hurricane deck,
+provided with a railing and benches to sit upon. At each end is a flight
+of stairs, by which the main deck is reached and the cabins entered. The
+<i>ruim</i>, or forward cabin, occupying the greater part of the space, is
+appropriated to the common people, while the <i>roef</i>, or after-cabin, is
+for the better class; but as genteel people seldom patronize the
+<i>trekschuit</i>, this apartment is very small. It was drawn by horses,
+attached to a long rope made fast to the pole or mast, near the bow.
+Like everything Dutch, the boat was fitted up very neatly, and the
+students were much interested in exploring it.</p>
+
+<p>"Here we are, all on the raging canal!" said Terrill to his captain, as
+the team started. "If it comes on to blow, we can take a reef in the
+forward horse."</p>
+
+<p>"Or in the <i>het jagertje</i>," laughed Paul, who had been talking with Mr.
+Fluxion.</p>
+
+<p>"We'll take a reef in that now. Don't your teeth ache, captain?"</p>
+
+<p>"No; that's the boy that rides one of the horses."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_334" id="Page_334">[Pg 334]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>The canal was filled with boats loaded with market produce, drawn by men
+and women harnessed like mules to the tow-ropes. Woman's rights seemed
+to be particularly recognized in this part of Holland, for females are
+harnessed to the boats like horses, enjoying the same rights as the
+"lords of creation." The houses on the way were mostly cottages, whose
+steep roofs were often twice the height of the walls. The stork, which
+the people cherish with a kind of superstitious reverence, was
+occasionally seen, but not so frequently as in the vicinity of The
+Hague, where he has a nest on the roof in a large proportion of the
+houses.</p>
+
+<p>The boys were much interested in the navigation of the <i>trekschuit</i>.
+Meeting another boat, the steersman shouted "<i>Huy!</i>" indicating that the
+other craft was to go to the right. When the tow-boy of the approaching
+boat reached a certain point, he stopped his team, and the <i>trekschuit</i>
+horses passed over it, as the rope slacked. He halted again to loose the
+rope for the barge to pass over. Neither boat was stopped by the
+operation. At the many bridges the rope was cast off, and made fast
+again, without any delay.</p>
+
+<p>An hour and a half brought them to Broek, the paradise of Dutch
+neatness. It is a village of eight hundred people, most of whom have
+"made their pile" and retired from business. Neatness is carried to
+lunacy here, for no one is permitted to enter a house without taking off
+his shoes. The narrow lanes and passages which serve as avenues are
+paved with brick, or with tiles of different colors, arranged in
+fantastic figures, and some are covered with sand and sea-shells,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_335" id="Page_335">[Pg 335]</a></span> made
+up into patterns. Strangers are warned not to ride through the place;
+they must walk, leading the horse. The houses are mostly of wood,
+gaudily painted; the roofs are covered with glazed tile of various hues.</p>
+
+<p>The cow-stables of the dairy farms are better than the houses of most of
+the poorer classes of Europe, having tiled floors, with everything
+"polished off" and sandpapered as nicely as though they were intended
+for drawing-rooms. Over each stall is a hook, by which the cow's tail is
+fastened up, so as to keep her neat and clean.</p>
+
+<p>The students continued on their way from Breck to Alkmar,&mdash;which
+sustained a siege, and successfully resisted the Spaniards,&mdash;and thence
+to The Helder, a town of twelve thousand inhabitants, opposite the
+Texel. The great ship canal to Amsterdam commences at this point, which
+is the only place on the coast of Holland where the deep water extends
+up to the shore, the tide rushing through from the Zuyder Zee keeping
+the passage open. The party had an opportunity to examine the mighty
+sluices and gates, and to observe the stupendous dikes, before described
+by Mr. Mapps. They visited the fortress erected by Napoleon with the
+intention of making The Helder the Gibraltar of the North.</p>
+
+<p>On Thursday morning the tourists took the steamer, through the Great
+Canal, to Amsterdam. Being obliged to wait an hour for the train to
+Utrecht, Paul visited one of the "diamond mills" of the city with Mr.
+Fluxion. About five hundred men were employed in the establishment, and,
+as the business<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_336" id="Page_336">[Pg 336]</a></span> is exclusively in the hands of the Jews, the mills are
+closed on Saturday, and work on Sunday. The art of cutting and polishing
+diamonds was for a long period exclusively in the hands of the Jews of
+Antwerp and Amsterdam. There are quite a number of these manufactories
+in the city at the present time. The machinery is operated by steam,
+turning wheels for polishing the precious stones, and propelling the
+wire saws for cutting them.</p>
+
+<p>Diamond dust is the only substance with which an impression can be
+produced upon the hard stones, and they are polished by metal plates
+covered with this dust, and revolving with inconceivable rapidity. The
+saw is a very fine wire, to which the dust is affixed. This process
+appears to be the origin of the adage "diamond cut diamond." Before the
+fifteenth century, diamonds were worn in their natural state, and the
+art of cutting and polishing them was discovered by a native of Bruges.</p>
+
+<p>The journey of the students was continued by railway to Utrecht.
+Approaching this city, the country assumed a different aspect,
+presenting occasional undulations, while in the town itself there is
+quite a slope down to the River Rhine, on which it is located. The
+treaty of Utrecht, which settled the peace of Europe after the war of
+the Spanish succession, was signed at the house of the British minister;
+but it has since been pulled down. The principal object of interest in
+the city is the tower of the Cathedral of St. Martin, which is three
+hundred and twenty-one feet high, and commands a view of nearly the
+whole of Holland and a portion of Belgium. The sexton has his residence<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_337" id="Page_337">[Pg 337]</a></span>
+more than a hundred and fifty feet above <i>terra firma</i>, where his family
+are domiciled, and where his children were born. Doubtless they will be
+regarded as persons of high birth.</p>
+
+<p>At five o'clock in the afternoon, the weary travellers reached the
+vessels of the squadron. Holland "was done," and the excitement was
+ended. Many of them were tired out and cross, and it was a relief to
+know that the squadron would go to sea the next morning. During the
+rapid run through Holland, Wilton and Perth had found abundant
+opportunities to discuss their mischievous scheme of running away with
+the Josephine. They had so contrived it that eight of the Knights of the
+Golden Fleece had occupied a compartment by themselves in the railway
+carriages. As the squadron would arrive at Havre on Friday or Saturday,
+no time was to be lost in arranging the details of the precious scheme,
+which had been fully explained and assented to by the confederates.</p>
+
+<p>The first point to be gained was to "cut up," so that the whole
+twenty-six Knights should be condemned to imprisonment on board the
+ship, while the rest of the students, with the instructors, went to
+Paris. Mr. Hamblin was still the centre of all their hopes in this
+direction; for hazing him would enable them to kill two birds with one
+stone. It was a great satisfaction to annoy him, independently of the
+result to be gained. Wilton proposed to "keelhaul" him. This was a
+barbarous punishment, formerly in use in the English and Dutch navies,
+and consisted in dragging the culprit under the keel of the vessel by
+ropes attached to the opposite yard-arms. Perth declared that this was<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_338" id="Page_338">[Pg 338]</a></span>
+utterly impracticable, and a third suggested that it was only necessary
+to "talk" the matter in order to bring down the punishment upon their
+anxious heads. Monroe, who always adopted moderate counsels, thought it
+would be just as well to frighten the old gentleman out of his wits.
+Indeed, all, except Wilton, protested against inflicting any serious
+injury upon him. A ducking, or something of that kind, would do him no
+harm; but they did not wish to hurt, only to annoy, him.</p>
+
+<p>After supper the students felt a little brighter. Mr. Hamblin was pacing
+the deck, as he always did towards evening, and Perth drummed together
+his forces to play the first act in the drama. The names of the
+twenty-six Knights had been written down on a sheet of paper, and a
+dozen of them took position in the waist, with their backs to the
+professor. Scarcely had the actors taken their places before the
+Josephine's gig came alongside with Captain Kendall, who visited the
+ship to receive his instructions from the principal for the next day.</p>
+
+<p>Paul stepped upon deck; but, perceiving that Mr. Lowington was engaged
+in an earnest conversation with Dr. Winstock, he did not interrupt him,
+but paused in the waist. Of course the conspirators suspended
+operations, and Paul spent the time he was waiting in conversation with
+them about the wonders of Holland. As he stood there, Mr. Hamblin cast
+frequent glances at him, and brooded heavily over the indignities which
+had been heaped upon his learned head by the young commander, as he
+believed. Probably the current of his thoughts would<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_339" id="Page_339">[Pg 339]</a></span> have assumed a
+different direction if he had been aware that the principal and the
+surgeon were discussing the best means of "letting him down easily."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington at last discovered that Paul was waiting for him, and the
+difficult subject was deferred. The captain of the Josephine went below
+with the principal, and the conspirators began to discuss in a very
+unguarded manner the process of keelhauling the obnoxious professor. As
+the learned gentleman passed the group, he could not help hearing his
+name mentioned. The boys soon became very earnest in their manner. They
+had seated themselves under the lee of the hatch, and did not appear to
+notice the fact that Mr. Hamblin was passing on the other side of it at
+intervals.</p>
+
+<p>"We'll keelhaul him," said Wilson; and the <i>savant</i> distinctly heard the
+remark, though he did not know what it meant; only that it was some
+trick to be played off upon him.</p>
+
+<p>"If he didn't hear that, he's deaf as a post," added Perth, as the
+professor passed on.</p>
+
+<p>"He'll leave the ship as soon as we have keelhauled him," was the next
+remark which Mr. Hamblin heard.</p>
+
+<p>Of course this meant himself; and he paused when he had satisfied
+himself that he was not observed. As this was just what the conspirators
+wanted, they revealed their wicked scheme fully, though with some
+appearance of concealment.</p>
+
+<p>"Here are the names of all the fellows who are to take part in the
+operation," said Perth, flourishing the paper. "The fellows with a cross
+against their names are to throw the old fellow down; those with a dash<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_340" id="Page_340">[Pg 340]</a></span>
+are to man the reef-pendants; those with a wave line are to make fast to
+him&mdash;"</p>
+
+<p>That was all. Mr. Hamblin made a plunge into the midst of the young
+rascals, and snatched the paper from the hands of the leader. The
+conspirators sprung to their feet, and nothing could exceed the
+consternation depicted upon their faces. They stood aghast, horrified,
+confounded.</p>
+
+<p>"It was only a joke, sir," stammered Perth, as the professor, with
+trembling hands and quivering lips, gazed at the paper, reading the
+names, and noting the signs against them.</p>
+
+<p>"You villains, you!" gasped he. "Keelhaul me&mdash;will you?"</p>
+
+<p>"It was only in fun, sir. We didn't mean to do it, sir," added Wilton.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin did not wait to hear any more. He rushed aft, rushed down
+the companion-way, rushed into the main cabin, where the principal was
+just dismissing Paul.</p>
+
+<p>"They are going to keelhaul me, next, Mr. Lowington!" exclaimed the
+learned gentleman, savagely.</p>
+
+<p>"Pray, what is the trouble, Mr. Hamblin?" asked the principal, mildly.</p>
+
+<p>The professor explained, exhibiting the list of names in evidence of his
+assertion. Mr. Lowington was sceptical. It was not possible that the
+boys could entertain such a monstrous proposition as that of keelhauling
+a learned professor.</p>
+
+<p>"But I heard the plan myself, sir," persisted Mr. Hamblin. "I don't know
+what keelhauling is, but that is the expression the scoundrels used."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_341" id="Page_341">[Pg 341]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lowington explained what it meant; and the <i>savant</i>, without
+considering the practicability or the possibility of subjecting him to
+such an operation, was filled with rage and horror. The principal went
+on deck, and from the paper taken from Perth called the roll of the
+conspirators, summoning them to the mainmast.</p>
+
+<p>"If you have no further instructions for me, sir, I will return to the
+Josephine," said Paul, touching his cap to the principal.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Lowington, Kendall is concerned in this affair," interposed the
+professor, violently.</p>
+
+<p>"I, sir!" exclaimed Paul, confounded by the charge.</p>
+
+<p>"He is, sir; and I can prove it," protested Mr. Hamblin, whose wrath had
+almost reached the boiling point.</p>
+
+<p>"You can return to the Josephine, Captain Kendall," added Mr. Lowington,
+in his quiet, decisive tone.</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Lowington, I protest&mdash;"</p>
+
+<p>"Mr. Hamblin," interposed the principal, sharply, "I will thank you to
+accompany me to the cabin;" and, turning, he walked to the
+companion-way, followed by the professor.</p>
+
+<p>"I wish to say, Mr. Lowington, that I am not mistaken in regard to
+Kendall," said the angry instructor, as they entered the main cabin.</p>
+
+<p>"Without a doubt,you are mistaken, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir; I am not. When he came on deck, he went immediately to that
+group of bad boys who were plotting to keelhaul me, and had a long
+conversation with them. I watched him, sir. My eye was hardly<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_342" id="Page_342">[Pg 342]</a></span> off him a
+moment. I was looking for something of this kind."</p>
+
+<p>"And you found it."</p>
+
+<p>"Yes, sir; I did."</p>
+
+<p>"When people are looking for faults and errors in others, they usually
+find them," added the principal, significantly. "But I did not invite
+you to the cabin to consider that matter."</p>
+
+<p>"It seems to me this matter is properly the subject for discussion at
+the present time," replied the professor, who thought the principal's
+ways were past finding out.</p>
+
+<p>"No; there is a subject of more importance than that, which must be
+attended to first. I find it necessary to say that I am ready to accept
+your resignation of the situation you fill."</p>
+
+<p>"My resignation, sir!" exclaimed Mr. Hamblin, taken all aback by this
+unexpected announcement.</p>
+
+<p>"Your resignation, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"This is very remarkable conduct on your part, sir."</p>
+
+<p>"On board of the Josephine, in the presence of the officers and crew,
+you protested against the action of Captain Kendall. When I have called
+a large number of the students to the mainmast for discipline, you
+protest against my action. I have to say, sir, that discipline, under
+these circumstances, is impossible."</p>
+
+<p>"Am I to understand that you discharge me, Mr. Lowington?" demanded the
+professor.</p>
+
+<p>"I intimated that I was ready to accept your resignation."</p>
+
+<p>"Well, sir, I am not ready to offer my resignation."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_343" id="Page_343">[Pg 343]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Then you compel me to take the next step. I object to your remaining on
+board another day."</p>
+
+<p>"I was engaged for a year."</p>
+
+<p>"With the proviso that we were mutually satisfied. A fortnight ago you
+tendered your resignation, without regard to the engagement. If I had
+understood your relations with the students as well then as I do now, I
+should have accepted it."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hamblin began to "subside." He had pretty thoroughly convinced
+himself that the institution could not be carried on without him; and,
+since the principal had once objected to accepting his resignation, he
+had felt that his position was secure. While he was considering the
+matter, Mr. Lowington went on deck, and investigated the plot to
+keelhaul the professor. The conspirators had talked over the matter
+during his absence, and had come to the conclusion that the truth would
+serve them best. They were shrewd enough to see that there was a rupture
+between the principal and the <i>savant</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Perth, as spokesman for the party, confessed that they knew Mr. Hamblin
+was listening to them; that they intended he should hear the plot, which
+they had not designed to execute; that it was only a trick to annoy him.</p>
+
+<p>"Was Captain Kendall concerned in it?" asked Mr. Lowington.</p>
+
+<p>"No, sir," shouted the whole party.</p>
+
+<p>"What were you talking about while he was with you?"</p>
+
+<p>"About Holland, and what we had seen on our<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_344" id="Page_344">[Pg 344]</a></span> trip. You were speaking
+with Dr. Winstock, and he was waiting to see you," replied Perth.</p>
+
+<p>The principal lectured them severely, and in earnest, for their
+misconduct; but he did not give them the coveted punishment of dooming
+them to remain on board while the rest of the students visited Paris. He
+gave them bad marks enough to spoil all their chances, if they had any,
+of promotion, and the choice of desirable berths when the crew should be
+reorganized at the beginning of the next quarter, which would be in one
+month. He added that he should preserve the list of names, and that the
+conduct of the party in the future would be closely observed.</p>
+
+<p>"We were stupid," whispered Perth to Wilton, as the principal retired.
+"We have given him a list of all the Knights."</p>
+
+<p>"And he hasn't stopped our liberty," replied Wilton, in disgust.</p>
+
+<p>"No matter; we must keep still, and fight for chances."</p>
+
+<p>When Mr. Lowington returned to the cabin, the professor was as cool as
+an iceberg; but the decision had been made, and it could not be
+reversed. The principal reviewed Mr. Hamblin's connection with the
+squadron from the beginning, and commented on his conduct in the consort
+and in the ship. It was plain speech on both sides; but the result
+remained unchanged.</p>
+
+<p>Professor Hamblin is not a myth. He had no sympathy with the students,
+and, being arbitrary, tyrannical, and unjust, they "hated him with a
+perfect hatred." It was certainly best that he should go;<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_345" id="Page_345">[Pg 345]</a></span> for in
+whatever vessel he was, he kept it in a turmoil. Mr. Lowington paid him
+his salary for a year, and enough in addition to defray the expenses of
+his return to the United States.</p>
+
+<p>The next morning the signal for sailing was hoisted on board of the
+Young America, and the pilots came on board. The students were bright
+and fresh, and having seen the dikes and ditches of Holland, they were
+rather anxious to escape from its muddy waters and its monotonous
+plains. In fact, they sighed for another taste of blue water and the
+fresh sea air.</p>
+
+<p>"All the barge's crew on deck, ahoy!" piped the boatswain, at the order
+of the first lieutenant.</p>
+
+<p>The boat's crew repaired to their stations on the quarter, wondering
+what was to be done next.</p>
+
+<p>The ship's company, who were waiting for the order to weigh anchor, were
+vexed at the delay which the trip of the boat to the shore indicated,
+and waited impatiently to learn what was going to happen. One of the
+stewards brought up Mr. Hamblin's trunk, and presently the professor
+himself appeared with his overcoat on his arm, and his cane and umbrella
+in his hand. There was a decided sensation among the crew. The barge was
+lowered and placed in charge of the third lieutenant. Mr. Hamblin bowed
+stiffly and coldly to the other professors, and followed his baggage
+into the boat, taking no notice whatever of any of the students.</p>
+
+<p>The sensation grew upon the boys as the boat pushed off and appeared
+beyond the ship's side. It was a delightful picture to them&mdash;the
+obnoxious professor seated in the stern sheets, with his trunk before<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_346" id="Page_346">[Pg 346]</a></span>
+him. It was emblematic of the final separation. The enthusiasm of the
+moment could not be repressed; and before the principal could interfere,
+it had vented itself in three tremendous and hearty cheers. Mr.
+Lowington was vexed, but the deed was done.</p>
+
+<p>The barge passed within a short distance of the Josephine, and her crew,
+seeing the trunk and the professor, understood the cheers, and repeated
+them with all the vigor of their lungs. It was impudent, disrespectful,
+and naughty; but the same students, in both vessels, would have wept
+over the departure of any other of the professors.</p>
+
+<p>The boat returned, the sails were cast loose, the anchor weighed, and in
+due time both vessels were standing down the river. At noon the pilots
+were discharged, off the Hock of Holland.</p>
+
+<p>"South-west by west," said the first master of the ship, giving out the
+course to the quartermaster, who was conning the wheel.</p>
+
+<p>There was only a lazy breeze in the German Ocean, and the squadron
+rolled slowly along towards the Straits of Dover. The watch below were
+at their studies in the steerages, while the students on deck were
+thinking of Paris, and the new scenes which were to be presented to them
+in the countries they were next to visit. Their experience during the
+following month, on ship and shore, including the runaway cruise of the
+Josephine, will be narrated in <span class="smcap">Palace and Cottage, or Young America in
+France and Switzerland</span>.</p>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<div class="blockquot"><h3>NEW AND ATTRACTIVE PUBLICATIONS</h3>
+
+<h4>OF</h4>
+
+<h3>LEE &amp; SHEPARD,</h3>
+
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+
+BOSTON.<br />
+
+LEE, SHEPARD &amp; DILLINGHAM, New York.</p>
+
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+readers are decidedly of the opinion that the journey was a great
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+
+<h4>"A delightful Book, original and enjoyable."</h4>
+
+
+<p class="center">THE DOCTOR'S DAUGHTER.<br />By <span class="smcap">Sophie May</span>. Illustrated. $1.50.</p>
+
+<p>"So lovable and so genuine that she takes one's heart by storm."&mdash;<i>New
+York Republican.</i></p>
+
+
+<h4>"A Book every Girl will be delighted with."</h4>
+
+<p class="center">SALLY WILLIAMS, THE MOUNTAIN GIRL.<br />By <i>Mrs. Edna D. Cheney</i>.
+Illustrated. $1.50.</p>
+
+<p>"Mrs. Cheney's stories have all the charm of romance, and better than
+that, a power to do good by their wholesome unobtrusive teachings."</p>
+
+
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+
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+"Daryll's Gap," &amp;c. Illustrated. $1.50.</p>
+
+<p>Miss Townsend is a charming writer, and this one of her very best
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+
+
+
+<h4>"One hundred and twenty Selections."</h4>
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+<p class="center">MISCELLANEOUS READINGS IN PROSE AND VERSE.<br />By <span class="smcap">Prof. L. B. Monroe</span>. $1.50.</p>
+
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+
+
+<h4>"For Social Amusements."</h4>
+
+<p class="center">SOCIAL CHARADES AND PARLOR OPERAS.<br />By <span class="smcap">M. T. Calder</span>, Author of "College
+Ned," &amp;c. 16mo. Cloth, 75c; fancy bound, 60c.</p>
+
+<p>"These charades and operas, prepared for private representation, have
+been received with great favor by those requiring exhibition pieces."</p>
+
+
+<h4>Underwood's American Authors.</h4>
+
+<p class="center">HAND-BOOK OF ENGLISH LITERATURE.<br />Intended for the use of High Schools,
+as well as a Companion and Guide for Private Students, and for General
+Readers. (American Authors.)<br />By <span class="smcap">F. H. Underwood, A. M.</span> Crown 8vo. Cloth.
+$2.50.</p>
+
+<p>It is confined to American authors, and includes the most prominent
+writers in the three periods which cover our entire national history.</p>
+
+
+<h4>Underwood's British Authors.</h4>
+
+<p class="center">HAND-BOOK OF ENGLISH LITERATURE.<br />Intended for the use of High Schools,
+as well us a Companion and Guide for Private Students, and for General
+Readers. (British Authors.)<br />By <span class="smcap">Francis H. Underwood, A. M.</span> Crown 8vo.
+Cloth. $2.50.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Underwood's Biographical Notices, which precede the selections from
+prominent authors, are admirable in construction, gems of literary work,
+attractive and valuable.</p>
+
+
+<h4>The Young Voyagers again.</h4>
+
+<p class="center">YOUNG AMERICA ABROAD.<br />By <span class="smcap">Oliver Optic</span>. To be completed in 6 volumes.
+Illustrated. Per vol., $1.50.</p>
+
+
+<div class='centered'>
+<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary="YOUNG AMERICA ABROAD">
+<tr><td align='left'>1. UP THE BALTIC.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>2. NORTHERN LANDS.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>3. CROSS AND CRESCENT.</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<p>A library of romantic travel and adventure.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<h3>By Oliver Optic.</h3>
+
+
+<p class="center">THE YACHT CLUB SERIES.<br />By <span class="smcap">Oliver Optic</span>. To be completed in 6 volumes.
+Illustrated. Per vol., $1.50.</p>
+
+
+<div class='centered'>
+<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary="THE YACHT CLUB SERIES">
+<tr><td align='left'>1. LITTLE BOBTAIL.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>2. THE YACHT CLUB. (In press.)</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<p>Each story complete in itself, and all in Oliver Optic's best vein.</p>
+
+
+<h3>By B. P. Shillaber.</h3>
+
+<p class="center">PARTINGTONIAN PATCHWORK.</p>
+
+<p class="center">BLIFKINS THE MARTYR; or, <span class="smcap">The Domestic Trials of a Model Husband</span>.</p>
+
+<p class="center">THE MODERN SYNTAX: <span class="smcap">Dr. Spooner's Experience in Search of the Delectable</span>.</p>
+
+<p class="center">PARTINGTON PAPERS; <span class="smcap">Strippings of the Warm Milk of Human Kindness</span>.</p>
+
+<p class="center">NEW AND OLD THINGS FROM AN UNPRETENDING INKSTAND.<br />Humorous, Sentimental,
+Rhythmical. By B. P. Shillaber (<i>Mrs. Partington</i>). 12mo. Cloth.
+Illustrated. $1.75.</p>
+
+<p>The genial author of this volume has packed it full of bright and witty
+things.</p>
+
+
+<h3>By Elijah Kellogg.</h3>
+
+<p class="center">THE WHISPERING PINE SERIES. By <span class="smcap">Elijah Kellogg</span>. To be completed in 6
+volumes. Illustrated. Per vol., $1.25.</p>
+
+
+<div class='centered'>
+<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary="THE WHISPERING PINE SERIES">
+<tr><td align='left'>1. THE SPARK OF GENIUS.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>2. THE SOPHOMORES OF RADCLIFFE.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>3. WINNING HIS SPURS.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>4. THE TURNING OF THE TIDE. (In press.)</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<p>Mr. Kellogg presents some admirable characters among his college boys,
+and every volume of this series is brimful of fun and adventure.</p>
+
+
+<h4>"Nothing better ever written."</h4>
+
+<p class="center">THE PLEASANT COVE SERIES. By <span class="smcap">Elijah Kellogg</span>. To be completed in 6
+volumes. Per vol., $1.25.</p>
+
+
+<div class='centered'>
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="">
+<tr><td align='left'>1. ARTHUR BROWN, THE YOUNG CAPTAIN.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>2. THE YOUNG DELIVERERS.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>3. THE CRUISE OF THE CASCO.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>4. THE CHILD OF THE ISLAND GLEN.</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<p>"The Elm Island Stories," by this author, are deservedly popular. "The
+Pleasant Cove Series" deals with many of the same characters.</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Dikes and Ditches, by Oliver Optic
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@@ -0,0 +1,10870 @@
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Dikes and Ditches, by Oliver Optic
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Dikes and Ditches
+       Young America in Holland and Belguim
+
+Author: Oliver Optic
+
+Release Date: May 16, 2008 [EBook #25485]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DIKES AND DITCHES ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by David Edwards and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
+produced from images generously made available by The
+Internet Archive)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  YOUNG AMERICA ABROAD
+
+  By
+
+  OLIVER OPTIC
+
+  DIKES AND DITCHES
+
+  BOSTON
+
+  Lee & Shepard.
+
+  [Illustration: A SQUALL IN THE GERMAN OCEAN.--Page 36.]
+
+  [Illustration]
+
+  DIKES AND DITCHES;
+
+  OR,
+
+  YOUNG AMERICA IN HOLLAND AND BELGIUM.
+
+  A STORY OF TRAVEL AND ADVENTURE.
+
+  BY
+
+  OLIVER OPTIC.
+
+  BOSTON:
+
+  LEE AND SHEPARD, PUBLISHERS.
+
+  NEW YORK:
+
+  LEE, SHEPARD & DILLINGHAM, 49 GREENE STREET.
+
+  1874.
+
+   Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1868, by
+   WILLIAM T. ADAMS,
+   In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts.
+
+   ELECTROTYPED AT THE
+   _Boston Stereotype Foundry,_
+   No. 19 Spring Lane.
+
+
+
+
+                             TO
+
+         My Fellow-Voyager in the Steamship Persia
+
+         DURING A PLEASANT TRIP ACROSS THE ATLANTIC,
+
+                          IN 1865,
+
+                      _STEPHEN S. HOE_,
+
+   WHOSE NAME EVER REMINDS ME OF MY PERSONAL INDEBTEDNESS
+       FOR MUCH OF THE PLEASURE OF THE VOYAGE; NOT ONLY
+         TO MY YOUNG FRIEND WHOSE NAME I MENTION HERE,
+           BUT ALSO TO HIM WHO SAT OPPOSITE TO US AT
+             TABLE, WHOSE NAME, ASSOCIATED WITH
+               ONE OF THE PROUDEST ACHIEVEMENTS
+                 OF AMERICAN INVENTIVE GENIUS,
+                   I NEED NOT MENTION, FOR
+                     NO WORD OF MINE
+                       COULD HONOR
+                           IT,
+
+                       _THIS VOLUME_
+
+                IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED.
+
+
+
+
+YOUNG AMERICA ABROAD.
+
+BY OLIVER OPTIC.
+
+
+     A Library of Travel and Adventure in Foreign Lands. First and
+     Second Series; six volumes in each Series. 16mo. Illustrated.
+
+
+_First Series._
+
+   I. _OUTWARD BOUND;_ OR, YOUNG AMERICA AFLOAT.
+
+   II. _SHAMROCK AND THISTLE_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA
+   IN IRELAND AND SCOTLAND.
+
+   III. _RED CROSS_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA IN ENGLAND AND
+   WALES.
+
+   IV. _DIKES AND DITCHES_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA IN
+   HOLLAND AND BELGIUM.
+
+   V. _PALACE AND COTTAGE_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA
+   IN FRANCE AND SWITZERLAND.
+
+   VI. _DOWN THE RHINE_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA IN
+   GERMANY.
+
+
+_Second Series._
+
+   I. _UP THE BALTIC_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA IN DENMARK
+   AND SWEDEN.
+
+   II. _NORTHERN LANDS_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA IN
+   PRUSSIA AND RUSSIA.
+
+   III. _VINE AND OLIVE_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA IN SPAIN
+   AND PORTUGAL.
+
+   IV. _SUNNY SHORES_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA IN ITALY
+   AND AUSTRIA.
+
+   V. _CROSS AND CRESCENT_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA
+   IN GREECE AND TURKEY.
+
+   VI. _ISLES OF THE SEA_; OR, YOUNG AMERICA HOMEWARD
+   BOUND.
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+DIKES AND DITCHES, the fourth of the "YOUNG AMERICA ABROAD" series, is a
+continuation of the history of the Academy Ship and her consort in the
+waters of Holland and Belgium. As in its predecessors, those parts of
+the book which lie within the domain of history and fact are intended to
+be entirely reliable; and great care has been used to make them so. The
+author finds his notes so copious, and his recollections of the Low
+Countries so full of interest, that he has felt obliged to devote a
+considerable portion of the work to the geography and history of the
+country, and to the manners and customs of the people; but there is so
+much that is novel in the region itself, and so much that is stirring
+and even "sensational" in the history of the sturdy patriots of Holland,
+that he hopes his young friends will not complain of the proportion in
+which he has mingled his material. It would be a very great happiness to
+him to have excited a sufficient degree of interest in these countries
+to induce the boys and girls to read Mr. Motley's inimitable works, "The
+Rise of the Dutch Republic," and "The History of the United
+Netherlands." The writer is confident that young people will find these
+volumes quite as attractive as the story books of the day.
+
+DIKES AND DITCHES has its independent story of the adventures of the
+students. Though the Academy Squadron has thus far been remarkably
+fortunate in the character of its instructors, Professor Hamblin proves
+to be an exception, and the crews of the ship and her consort are
+unhappily plunged into sundry disciplinary tribulations by his
+overstrained dignity, and by his want of discretion. The young
+commander of the Josephine suffers from the evils of a divided
+authority, which brings him into conflict with the senior instructor
+before experience suggests the remedy. While the principal is compelled
+to punish the students for their misconduct in "hazing" the obnoxious
+professor, he also finds it necessary to abate the nuisance of a
+conceited, overbearing, and tyrannical pedagogue. Boys cannot be
+expected to be angels in school, until their instructors have soared to
+this sublime height.
+
+The author of the series, more than ever encouraged by the hearty and
+generous favor of his readers, submits this volume to their
+consideration, trusting that they will at least appreciate his earnest
+efforts not only to please, but to instruct them.
+
+   HARRISON SQUARE, MASS.,
+           April 9, 1868.
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+
+   CHAPTER                                                          PAGE
+
+      I. THE PROFESSOR AND THE CAPTAIN.                               11
+
+     II. A SQUALL IN THE GERMAN OCEAN.                                27
+
+    III. SOMETHING ABOUT DIKES.                                       43
+
+     IV. UP THE SCHELDT TO FLUSHING.                                  59
+
+      V. CAPTAIN SCHIMMELPENNINK.                                     76
+
+     VI. PROFESSOR HAMBLIN CHANGES HIS MIND.                          93
+
+    VII. THE LECTURE ON BELGIUM.                                     110
+
+   VIII. ANTWERP AND RUBENS.                                         129
+
+     IX. TROUBLE ON BOARD THE JOSEPHINE.                             146
+
+      X. WHO WAS CAPTAIN OF THE JOSEPHINE.                           162
+
+     XI. ON THE WAY TO GHENT.                                        179
+
+    XII. IN BELGIUM'S CAPITAL.                                       195
+
+   XIII. THREE CHEERS FOR THE KING OF BELGIUM.                       213
+
+    XIV. THE VICE-PRINCIPAL.                                         230
+
+     XV. THE PROFESSOR'S CHARGE.                                     245
+
+     XVI. CAPTAIN KENDALL'S DEFENCE.                                 262
+
+    XVII. MORE ABOUT THE DIKES AND DITCHES.                          278
+
+   XVIII. AN EXCURSION AMONG THE DIKES.                              293
+
+     XIX. A RUN THROUGH HOLLAND.                                     310
+
+      XX. ADIEU TO HOLLAND AND PROFESSOR HAMBLIN.                    328
+
+
+
+
+DIKES AND DITCHES;
+
+OR,
+
+YOUNG AMERICA IN HOLLAND AND BELGIUM.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER I.
+
+THE PROFESSOR AND THE CAPTAIN.
+
+
+The Young America, with every rag of canvas set, including
+studding-sails alow and aloft, rolled and pitched gracefully on the long
+swells of the German Ocean. The wind was very light from the north-west,
+and there was hardly enough of it to give the ship steerage-way. A mile
+off, on her starboard bow, was the Josephine, beclouded in the quantity
+of sail she carried, but hardly leaving a wake in the blue waters behind
+her. The hummocks and the low land of the shores of Holland and Belgium
+were in sight; but, with the present breeze, there was but little hope
+of reaching the mouth of the Scheldt that night, though it was hardly
+twenty miles distant.
+
+The regular course of instruction was in progress in both vessels, the
+starboard watch of each being in the steerage, attending to their
+studies, while the port watch were on deck, in charge of the sailing
+department. Mr. Lowington paced the deck of the ship, and, with the
+habit of an old sailor, frequently cast his eyes aloft to see what sails
+were drawing. Occasionally, from a custom begotten of his solicitude for
+his charge, he glanced at the Josephine.
+
+The squadron did not make even a mile an hour; and when the watch was
+changed, at four o'clock, there was not a breath of air to ruffle the
+glassy waves. The ship rolled and pitched on the swells, and the sails
+slapped against the masts and rigging under the effect of her motion.
+The young seamen on deck, without being in a hurry, were annoyed and
+vexed, as all sailors are in a calm. They partook of the heaviness of
+the scene, and gaped and yawned, from mere inactivity, and the want of
+something to occupy their minds.
+
+The calm was only the prelude of a lively scene. To the westward, beyond
+the low coast line dimly seen in the distance, was a dense mass of black
+clouds, rising rapidly towards the zenith. Low, muttering, muffled
+thunder came over the sea. The sun went into the inky veil; and then the
+lightnings flashed, faintly at first, but glaring brighter and brighter
+as the darkness increased.
+
+Mr. Lowington still paced the deck; but, instead of looking aloft now,
+he cast frequent glances at the officer of the deck, who was watching
+the dense black clouds. The principal said nothing; for, whatever views
+he had in regard to the working of the ship, it was his policy never to
+interfere until absolutely necessary. The officers were encouraged to do
+their own thinking, and were expected to take all necessary precautions
+for the safety of the ship at the right time. The second lieutenant was
+in charge of the deck, and as yet he had taken no step which indicated
+that he was conscious of any peril.
+
+"Mr. Lavender," said he, at last, when the principal's movements had
+begun to be a little nervous.
+
+The second midshipman, who was the third officer in rank on duty,
+stepped up to the lieutenant and touched his cap.
+
+"Tell the captain there is a shower coming up, and that the clouds look
+squally," added Mr. Ellis, the officer of the deck.
+
+Lavender touched his cap, and went down into the steerage, where the
+captain was reciting his French lesson to Professor Badois.
+
+"Excuse me," said Captain Haven. "I must go on deck, for I suppose Mr.
+Lowington wouldn't give an order to take in sail if the masts were blown
+out of the ship."
+
+The commander of the Young America went on deck in a hurry. He and all
+below had observed the sudden darkness which pervaded the steerage, and
+they were rather glad to have something stirring occur to break up the
+monotony of the calm. The captain looked at the black clouds, and
+promptly directed the officer of the deck to take in the studding-sails,
+which was done by the watch.
+
+The clouds wore that peculiar appearance which indicates wind--an aspect
+which the old sailor readily recognizes. Captain Haven was familiar
+enough with the weather signs to understand what was coming; but the
+young sailor is almost as much afraid of taking in sail too soon as of
+being too tardy in doing so. There is as much vanity in carrying sail as
+in wearing fine clothes. The captain did not wish to be too cautious,
+for that would cause a smile upon the faces of the ship's crew.
+
+He looked at Mr. Lowington, who seemed to be perfectly satisfied, or
+rather his attention was directed entirely to the Josephine, which had
+not yet taken in her huge fore square-sail. Then he studied the
+threatening pile of black clouds, which had now nearly reached the
+zenith; while the thunder rattled, and the lightnings flashed with
+blinding glare.
+
+"Take in topgallant-sails and royals," said Captain Haven to the officer
+of the deck, now satisfied that his reputation for carrying sail could
+not suffer in the face of such admonitory indications.
+
+Mr. Ellis called on the entire starboard watch to obey his orders; for
+only a quarter watch was required to handle the ship under ordinary
+circumstances, the other portion of the watch being idlers on deck. The
+light sails were taken in; and Mr. Lowington made no comment, as he
+sometimes did, after an evolution had been performed, in order to
+express his approval or otherwise of the action of the captain.
+
+The Josephine was most strangely deficient in caution on the present
+occasion, and the principal was evidently much disturbed by the conduct
+of her captain, who was usually very prudent, without being timid. There
+she was, with all her extra sail set and flapping in the calm, while a
+tempest was brewing before her.
+
+"Captain Kendall must be asleep," said Mr. Lowington, nervously, to
+Peaks, the adult boatswain of the ship.
+
+"And the officers too," replied the old salt, hitching up his trousers.
+"We ought to fire a gun to wake them up."
+
+"It is not like Captain Kendall to be caught napping when a squall is
+gathering," added the principal.
+
+"I should think the thunder would wake them up. It's heavy for these
+parts. That squall will come all at once when it does come. It will take
+their sails right out of the bolt-ropes."
+
+Mr. Lowington walked aft again, and on the quarter-deck met Flag-officer
+Gordon, who had also been observing the Josephine, and wondering at her
+continued neglect of the most ordinary precautions.
+
+"Mr. Lavender," said the commander of the squadron.
+
+The midshipman, ever ready to do the meagre duties assigned to him,
+touched his cap to Captain Gordon.
+
+"Pass the word for the signal-officer," added the flag-officer.
+
+"That's right, Captain Gordon!" exclaimed the principal. "If the
+officers of the Josephine don't do better than this, they must be
+broken. I am astonished."
+
+"So am I, sir. Captain Kendall is usually very careful, and what he
+don't see isn't worth seeing."
+
+"Be as expeditious as possible, for the squall will soon be upon us."
+
+The signal-officer appeared with the midshipman and quartermaster in
+charge of the signals. Captain Gordon ordered the number, "Take in
+sail," to be set.
+
+Paul Kendall was severely criticised on board of the ship; but, before
+he has suffered too much in the estimation of his sympathizing friends,
+let our readers be transferred to the steerage of the Josephine, in
+which, as the consort of the Academy Ship, the same rules and
+regulations prevailed. The port watch were at their studies, while the
+starboard watch had the deck, in charge of Mr. Terrill, the first
+lieutenant. This was the captain's study time, for he was a member of
+the several classes, and in school hours was subject to the discipline
+of the professors, the same as other students.
+
+When the squall began to gather, Professor Hamblin was hearing the
+recitation in Greek. The learned gentleman did not think a scholar knew
+anything unless he possessed a considerable knowledge of Greek. It was
+his favorite branch, and the class in this language was his pet. He was
+a strict disciplinarian, and never allowed anything to interrupt the
+recitation in Greek if he could possibly avoid it. No scholar, not even
+the captain, as the regulations then were, could leave the class without
+his permission. It is true, the rule had not been made, or even been
+considered, with special reference to the commander of the vessel; but
+Paul had always quietly submitted to it, even at some inconvenience and
+sacrifice to himself. No emergency had arisen, since the Josephine went
+into commission, which required the setting aside of the rule, and it
+was supposed the professors would have judgment enough to use it with
+proper discretion.
+
+Professor Hamblin, so far as Greek roots were concerned, was not lacking
+in judgment; but he knew no more about a ship than Cleats, the
+boatswain, did about Greek. He was a very learned man, and lived in a
+Greek and Latin atmosphere. The dead languages were the chief end of man
+to him. He was cold, stern, and precise, except that, when hearing a
+class in Greek, he warmed up a little, and became more human, especially
+if the students manifested a becoming interest in his favorite branch.
+
+Unfortunately for Paul Kendall, he was not an enthusiastic devotee of
+the Greek language and literature. He lived too much in the present to
+be enamoured of anything so old, and, as it seemed to him, so
+comparatively useless. But he was faithful in the discharge of all the
+academic requirements of the institution, not excepting even those
+branches which he disliked. Though he was always very respectful to
+Professor Hamblin, he was candid enough to say that he did not like
+Greek. He was, therefore, no favorite of the learned gentleman, who
+thought his abilities and his scholarship were over-estimated--because
+he did not like the dead languages.
+
+"Mr. Terrill directs me to inform you that a squall is coming up," said
+Ritchie, the third master, as he touched his cap to Captain Kendall.
+
+"No interruption! No interruption!" interposed Professor Hamblin, very
+ill-naturedly.
+
+The third master touched his cap, as the captain bowed to him in
+acknowledgment that he had heard the message, and then retired. The
+professor was vexed: perhaps he was a little more ill-natured than
+usual, on account of being slightly seasick--an effect produced by the
+uneasy roll of the vessel in the calm.
+
+"Now, Mr. Kendall, go on with the dual of [Greek: admev]," added he, as
+Ritchie retired.
+
+"I must beg you will excuse me, Professor Hamblin," said Paul, with the
+utmost deference, as he rose from the bench on which he was seated.
+
+"Go on with the dual!" replied the professor, sternly.
+
+Paul looked at the snapping gray eye of the learned gentleman, and was
+assured that he had a will of his own. As the captain of the Josephine,
+he did not wish to set an example of insubordination, which others might
+adopt before they were certain that the emergency required it. He had
+not seen the gathering clouds, and he had full confidence in the
+judgment and skill of Terrill, who was in charge of the deck. The rule
+was that the professors should be obeyed in study hours. This had always
+been the regulation on board the ship; but, then, the principal, who was
+a sailor himself, was always present to prevent any abuse of power.
+
+Paul decided to yield the point for a time, at least, and he recited his
+lesson as directed by the professor. Half an hour later, Ritchie
+appeared again, with another message from the first lieutenant, to the
+effect that the squall was almost upon them. This was about the time
+that Flag-officer Gordon had sent for the signal-officer, on board of
+the ship.
+
+"You must excuse me now, Professor Hamblin, for I must go on deck," said
+Paul, as respectfully as he could speak.
+
+"I can't spare you; I haven't finished the exercise yet," replied Mr.
+Hamblin, sourly. "This is a plan to break up the lesson in Greek,
+because some of the young gentlemen don't like to study it."
+
+"I beg your pardon, sir; but the officer of the deck sends me word that
+the squall is upon us. You can hear the thunder and see the lightning,"
+added Paul.
+
+"I am not afraid of thunder and lightning," growled the professor. "My
+classes are not to be broken up on any frivolous pretences. Mr.
+Lowington assured me I had full powers over all during study hours; and
+I tell you to be seated, and go on with your recitation."
+
+"But the vessel is in danger, sir," protested Paul.
+
+"I'm not afraid, and you need not be. Take your seat, sir, or I will
+report you to the principal."
+
+Paul's face flushed. No officer or professor had before ever threatened
+to report him to Mr. Lowington. Mr. Hamblin was as ignorant as a baby
+upon nautical matters, and while the Josephine rolled easily on the
+waves, and the sails flapped idly against the masts, he could imagine no
+peril.
+
+"I am sorry to disobey your order, sir; but in this instance I must,"
+said Paul, firmly, though his voice trembled with emotion.
+
+"Very well, sir," replied the professor, angrily, "I shall report you to
+the principal, and if I have any influence with him, you will be removed
+from your present position."
+
+Paul did not wait to hear any more, but hastened on deck. His quick eye
+discovered the peril of the moment. The squall was indeed upon them. At
+the peak of the Young America hung the signal which had been hoisted;
+but it was not necessary to look in the book for its meaning.
+
+"Mr. Terrill, call all hands--quick!" said Captain Kendall, in sharp
+tones.
+
+"All hands on deck, ahoy!" roared the boatswain's mate, as he piped his
+shrill whistle at the main hatch.
+
+The students flew from their seats at the mess table, deserting the two
+professors without an apology. With only two exceptions, the officers
+and crew of the Josephine were all old sailors. Most of them had been on
+board the ship for two years, and a sudden squall was no new thing to
+them. They leaped into their stations, and when the orders were given
+they knew exactly what to do.
+
+"Stand by sheets and halyards!" shouted the first lieutenant. "Man the
+jib, and flying jib halyards, and downhauls!"
+
+"All ready forward, sir," reported the second lieutenant, whose place
+was on the forecastle.
+
+"Man the topgallant clewlines and buntlines!" continued Terrill.
+
+"All ready, sir!"
+
+"Ease off the sheets! Settle away the halyards! Clew up! Lay aloft, and
+furl topgallant-sail!"
+
+The topgallant men sprang up the rigging like so many cats, for all
+hands had been thoroughly waked up by the impending peril.
+
+"Let go the flying jib halyard! Haul down! Lay out and stow the flying
+jib!"
+
+"Man the topsail clewlines and buntlines!"
+
+"All ready, sir," replied the second lieutenant.
+
+"Let go the topsail sheets! Clew up! Settle away the halyards! Haul taut
+the braces!"
+
+All this was done in half the time it takes to read it; and the light
+sails of the Josephine were furled. The main gaff-topsail was taken in,
+and then the schooner had only her jib, foresail, and mainsail. It was
+not necessary to take these in until the peril became more imminent; but
+Paul ordered the foresail to be lowered, and reefed, for the vessel was
+supposed to lie to best under this sail. The Young America had furled
+everything except her topsails, jib, and spanker.
+
+Professor Hamblin had not yet recovered from his astonishment, and he
+was as indignant as a learned Greek scholar could be. Professor Stoute
+and himself were the only persons left in the steerage; but while the
+former laughed, the latter stormed.
+
+"I have been insulted, Mr. Stoute," said the learned gentleman. "That
+boy has disobeyed me, as though I were a person of no consequence."
+
+"Why, he was perfectly respectful to you," laughed the good-natured
+professor. "You must remember that he is the captain of the ship, and
+that everything depends upon him."
+
+"He left the class contrary to my orders; and not satisfied with that,
+he calls all the rest of the students on deck," added Mr. Hamblin,
+wrathfully. "I had not finished the Greek lesson."
+
+"But there's a squall coming up," pleaded Mr. Stoute.
+
+"What if there was a squall coming up. The principal assured me there
+were hands enough on deck to work the vessel under all ordinary
+circumstances."
+
+"But you don't understand the matter, Mr. Hamblin," continued the jolly
+professor.
+
+"Do you mean to insult me too, Mr. Stoute?" demanded the irate
+fountain-head of Greek literature.
+
+"Certainly not; I beg your pardon, Mr. Hamblin," replied Mr. Stoute,
+laughing more heartily than before. "I do not profess to comprehend
+these nautical affairs; but I presume it was necessary to call all
+hands, or the captain would not have done so."
+
+"It was not necessary. I am willing to take the responsibility of that
+assertion myself, and I shall report this disrespect and disobedience of
+the captain to Mr. Lowington. If he chooses to sustain the delinquent in
+such gross misconduct, I will leave the vessel at the first port we
+enter."
+
+"Mr. Lowington will certainly do justice to both of you."
+
+"Excuse me, Mr. Stoute; he must do justice to _me_. I have been a
+schoolmaster and a professor in college all my lifetime, and I do not
+wish to have any one speak of settling a case between me and one of my
+pupils. There is only one side to such a question," replied Mr. Hamblin,
+whose dignity was terribly damaged by the incident of the afternoon.
+
+"Well, Mr. Hamblin, I wish to be respectful; but I also mean to be
+candid. I feel compelled to say that I believe you are all wrong."
+
+"All wrong, sir!"
+
+"Yes, sir; all wrong. Look at the question for one moment."
+
+"I don't wish to look at it. Between teacher and pupil there can be no
+issues of any kind. It is my place to command, my scholar's to obey, in
+the school-room."
+
+"Now, really, Mr. Hamblin," continued the laughing professor, rubbing
+his hands, as though he enjoyed the controversy, "while I agree with you
+on the general principle, I must differ from you in its application to
+this particular case. Your pupil is the commander of the vessel. Our
+very lives depend upon his prudence and skill. It was necessary to take
+in sail."
+
+"Very well. Wasn't half the crew on deck for that purpose?" interposed
+Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"But who shall determine whether it is necessary or not to take in
+sail?"
+
+"The officer who has the care of the vessel for the time being, of
+course. Then there are Mr. Cleats, and Mr. Gage, and the servants to
+help them reduce the sails, if needed. There is not the least necessity
+for disturbing the classes."
+
+"But no one except the captain can give the order to take in a single
+sail in the daytime. This vessel is under naval discipline, you are
+aware; but I think you cannot have read the rules. Here they are," added
+Mr. Stoute, taking the printed regulations of the ship from his pocket.
+"Officer of the Deck. He is not to make or take in sail in the daytime,
+except in a squall, without directions from the captain; but in the
+night he may take in sail, acquainting the captain with his reasons,
+which he must enter on the log."
+
+"Well, this is a squall--isn't it?" growled Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"Perhaps it will be; but it seems to me quite proper that the captain
+should go on deck when there is any danger. For my part, I have some
+regard for my fat body, and I don't care about leaving it here at the
+bottom of the German Ocean," chuckled Mr. Stoute; and he always laughed
+with especial gusto when he had said anything which he thought was
+funny. "The captain can leave any of my classes when he is sent for to
+look out for the vessel."
+
+"Mr. Stoute, this is a question of discipline; and higher considerations
+than those of merely personal comfort and security should be brought to
+bear upon it. It would be impossible for me to impart to my pupils a
+knowledge of that noblest language of the historic past, if they are to
+be permitted to leave the class when they choose to do so. I shall refer
+this matter to Mr. Lowington for his decision. He must suspend the
+captain, or he must suspend me. If I cannot control my scholars, I will
+not attempt to instruct. It would be preposterous to do so. I shall take
+a boat, and go on board of the ship at once, for this difficulty admits
+of no delay."
+
+Professor Hamblin, in high dudgeon, took his hat, and went up the
+ladder. Mr. Stoute shook his fat sides, laughing at the ire of his
+distinguished and learned associate. He was desirous of seeing his
+companion start for the ship in the approaching tempest, and he followed
+him on deck.
+
+"Captain Kendall," said Mr. Hamblin, sternly, as he walked up to the
+young commander, heedless of the rattling thunder and the flashing
+lightning.
+
+Paul bowed politely, and looked at the professor, intimating that he was
+ready to hear him. It was noticeable that Mr. Hamblin always called the
+commander "Mr. Kendall" when he was in the steerage attending to his
+studies, and "Captain Kendall" on deck, or in the cabin. The professor
+intended to indicate, by this choice of terms, that he was captain
+during school hours.
+
+"Captain Kendall, I desire a boat immediately," added Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"A boat!" exclaimed Paul, astonished at the request at such a time.
+
+"I said a boat, Captain Kendall. I purpose to refer the matter of your
+disobedience to Mr. Lowington without any unnecessary delay."
+
+"But, Mr. Hamblin, there is a squall coming up."
+
+"I am aware of that; but I demand the boat."
+
+"It would be dangerous, sir. The boat would certainly be swamped."
+
+"I will take the responsibility of that."
+
+"I should be very happy to furnish the boat, sir; but I cannot expose a
+crew to such a storm as will soon break upon us," replied Paul.
+
+"You refuse--do you?" demanded the professor, angrily.
+
+"I feel compelled to do so, sir."
+
+"In my hearing, Mr. Lowington instructed you to furnish the professors
+with a boat at any time when they desired it."
+
+"I will furnish the boat, sir; but I will not expose the crew to such
+peril. I will hoist out the third cutter for you, sir, if you wish."
+
+"I demand a sufficient number of sailors to row the boat."
+
+"You will pardon me, sir; but I will not send any seamen into a boat
+until the squall is over. It is unreasonable to ask such a thing."
+
+"Unreasonable, sir! How dare you tell me I am unreasonable?" stormed the
+professor, stamping his foot upon the deck.
+
+Paul bowed, but made no reply. He was placed in a very disagreeable and
+painful position. He knew that it was madness to send a boat off while
+the squall was impending. Mr. Hamblin was wrathy. The long billows were
+black and smooth, and the sails hung idly on the gaffs. There was no
+danger then, and the learned gentleman had been so fortunate as never to
+see any of the perils of the ocean. His passage to England in the
+steamer had been a remarkably pleasant one. Nothing like a gale, or even
+a high wind, had interrupted its serenity, and the professor had imbibed
+a certain contempt for the perils of the ocean. He had never seen them;
+and, if mere boys were able to work such a vessel as the Josephine, a
+learned man like himself need not tremble in their presence.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER II.
+
+A SQUALL IN THE GERMAN OCEAN.
+
+
+"Mr. Cleats!" said Professor Hamblin, in the most sternly solemn and
+impressive manner, as he rushed up to the adult boatswain of the
+Josephine.
+
+"Here, sir!" responded the old salt, touching his cap as politely as
+though the learned gentleman had been an admiral.
+
+"I want a boat, sir," continued the professor, fiercely.
+
+"Your honor must apply to the captain," answered Cleats, touching his
+cap again.
+
+"I have applied to him, and he has refused me. I desire you to take a
+boat, and row me to the ship. The carpenter can assist you."
+
+"Bless your honor's heart, I can't go without the captain's orders,"
+added Cleats, opening his eyes as wide as though he had been invited to
+head a mutiny.
+
+"I will protect you from any harm, Mr. Cleats. I will represent the
+matter to Mr. Lowington."
+
+"I never do anything, your honor, without orders from the captain. It
+would be mutiny for me to do so, and I should be hung at the fore
+yard-arm."
+
+"Nonsense, Mr. Cleats! Will you listen to reason?"
+
+"Sartain, your honor. I always listen to reason; but there isn't any
+reason in leaving the ship without the captain's orders."
+
+"But the captain says I may have the boat; and I only want a couple of
+men to row it."
+
+"I will pull the boat with the greatest pleasure, sir, if the captain
+orders me to do so; or the first lieutenant, for that matter, sir. I
+always obey orders, sir, if it sinks the ship."
+
+"I have a complaint to make against the captain for disobedience of my
+orders, and he will not permit me to go on board of the ship to prefer
+the charge."
+
+"Whew!" whistled the boatswain, as long and loud as though the sound had
+been made with his own shrill pipe. "A complaint against the captain! I
+beg your honor's pardon, but that can't be. Nobody can have a complaint
+against the captain."
+
+"I do not wish to argue the matter with you. Will you do what I ask, or
+not?"
+
+"I beg your honor's pardon, but I will not," replied Cleats, who seemed
+to have no doubt in regard to his own course, whatever rupture there
+might be among the powers above him.
+
+"That's enough," growled Mr. Hamblin, turning on his heel.
+
+"There's a big squall coming, your honor," added Cleats, loud enough for
+the professor to hear him. "The boat wouldn't live a minute in it."
+
+"I am not afraid of the squall," replied the learned gentleman, pausing.
+"Will you row the boat?"
+
+"No, sir; I would rather not," answered Cleats, shaking his head.
+
+At this moment a heavy roaring, rushing sound came over the sea from
+the direction of the land. The water was covered with a dense white
+mist. The sound increased in volume till it vied with the booming
+thunder, and the surface of the sea was lashed into a snowy foam by the
+coming tempest.
+
+"Down with the jib and mainsail!" shouted Captain Kendall, sharply.
+
+"Stand by the mainsail halyards!" said Terrill, through his speaking
+trumpet. "Man the jib halyards and downhaul!"
+
+"All ready, sir," replied the second lieutenant, forward; for all hands
+were still at their stations, in anticipation of the emergency.
+
+"All ready, sir," added the fourth lieutenant, whose place was on the
+quarter-deck.
+
+"Let go the mainsail halyards!" added the first lieutenant; and the
+order was repeated by the fourth lieutenant. "Down with it, lively!"
+
+The heavy sail, assisted by twenty pairs of willing and eager hands,
+rattled down in an instant, and was speedily secured.
+
+"Let go the jib halyards! Haul down!" said the second lieutenant, on the
+forecastle, when the order to take in the jib reached him.
+
+The hands "walked away" with the downhaul, and the jib was on the
+bowsprit in an instant.
+
+"Lay out and stow the jib!" added the officer. "Mind your eye there! The
+squall is upon us!"
+
+The roar of the squall--heard at first miles away--swept along over the
+ocean, carrying a tempest of foam and spray before it, and came down
+upon the Josephine. Though she carried no sail, the force of the wind
+was enough to heel her down, while the spray leaped over her decks in
+the furious blast. The scene was grand and sublime. The thunders roared;
+the lightnings seemed to hiss in their fury, as they darted through the
+moist atmosphere; and the wind, hardly less than a hurricane, howled in
+unison with the booming thunderbolts.
+
+At first, on the long swells of the ocean, which a moment before had
+been as smooth and glassy as a mirror, thousands of little white-capped
+waves gathered, throwing up volumes of fine spray, which was borne away
+by the tempest; so that the air was laden with moisture. Though the
+squall came heavy in the beginning, it did not attain its full power for
+several minutes. The effect even of the onslaught of the tempest was
+tremendous, and officers and crew clung to the rigging and the wood-work
+of the vessel, fearful that the savage blast would take them bodily from
+their feet, and bear them away into the angry ocean.
+
+"Down with the helm!" roared Captain Kendall to the quartermaster, who,
+with four of the strongest seamen, had been stationed at the wheel.
+
+The action of the fierce wind upon the vessel's side was powerful enough
+to give her steerage-way without any sail, and her head came up to the
+gale, so that she took the blast on her port bow. Thus far, the effect
+upon the ocean did not correspond with the violence of the tempest; for
+even the severest blow does not immediately create a heavy sea. But, if
+the tempest continued even for a few minutes, this result was sure to
+follow. There is no especial peril in a squall, if the seaman has had
+time to take in sail, unless in a heavy sea; but it does not take long
+for a hurricane, in the open ocean, to stir up the water to its maddest
+fury.
+
+Professor Hamblin was walking up and down in the waist,--a very pretty
+type of the squall itself,--when the initial stroke of the tempest came
+upon the Josephine. His "stove-pipe" hat, as non-nautical as anything
+could be, which he persisted in wearing, was tipped from his head, and
+borne over the rail into the sea. This accident did not improve his
+temper, and he was on the point of asking the captain to send a boat to
+pick up his lost tile, when the full force of the squall began to be
+expended upon the vessel. He found himself unable to stand up; and he
+reeled to the mainmast, where Professor Stoute was already moored to the
+fife-rail.
+
+"Wouldn't you like the boat now, Mr. Hamblin?" chuckled the jolly
+professor, hardly able to speak without having his words blown down his
+throat.
+
+"I've lost my hat," growled the learned gentleman, almost choked with
+ill-nature within, and the ill-wind without.
+
+"Ask the captain to send a boat for it," laughed Mr. Stoute. "There he
+stands! Upon my word, he is a wonder to me! He handles the vessel like
+an old admiral who has been imbedded in salt for forty years!"
+
+"Any boy could do it!" snarled the irate professor.
+
+"It is fortunate that Captain Kendall went on deck when he did," added
+Mr. Stoute. "We should all have gone to the bottom if they hadn't taken
+in sail in season."
+
+"You distress yourself with mighty bugbears," sneered Mr. Hamblin. "I am
+very sorry to see you encouraging insubordination among your pupils,
+and--"
+
+And a blast more savage than any which had before struck the vessel
+ended the professor's speech; for, while it drenched him with salt
+water, it gave him all he wanted to do to hold on for his life. He
+worked himself round under the lee of the mainmast, and held on with
+both hands at the fife-rail, his breath blown down into his lungs by the
+wind.
+
+The squall was not one of those which come and go in a few moments; and,
+in a short time, the sea had been lashed into a boiling, roaring,
+foam-capped maelstrom. The Josephine rolled and pitched most fearfully.
+Below there was a fierce crashing of everything movable, while the winds
+howled a savage storm-song through the swaying rigging. By the captain's
+order, the crew had, with great difficulty, extended several life-lines
+across the deck, for the safety of those who were compelled to move
+about in executing the various manoeuvres which the emergency
+required.
+
+The angry professor began to cool off under the severe regimen of the
+tempest. He was drenched to the skin by the spray, and it required the
+utmost activity on his part to enable him to keep his hold upon the
+fife-rail. Now the vessel rolled, and pitched him upon his moorings; and
+then rolled again, jerking him, at arm's length, away from them, his
+muscles cracking under the pressure. Professor Stoute, determined to be
+on the safe side, had passed the end of the lee topgallant brace around
+his body, and secured himself to one of the belaying pins. Nothing ever
+disturbed his equanimity, and though he was doubtless fully impressed by
+the sublimity of the storm, he was just as jolly and good-natured as
+ever.
+
+The captain and the executive officer were holding on at one of the
+life-lines on the quarter-deck. Paul looked as noble and commanding as
+though he had been a foot taller, with a full beard grown upon his face.
+He appeared to be master of the situation, and Professor Stoute regarded
+him with an admiration strongly in contrast with the disgust of his
+fellow-teacher. The competent captain of the ship is always little less
+than a miracle of a man to his passengers, especially in a storm, when
+he is confident and self-reliant. They feel that everything--their very
+lives, and the lives of those they love--are dependent upon him, and
+they look up to him as to an oracle of skill and wisdom.
+
+"It's coming heavier and heavier," said Terrill, as the Josephine gave a
+fearful lurch.
+
+"Ay, ay! It's nothing less than a hurricane," replied Paul.
+
+"It's the biggest squall I ever was in," added Terrill, blowing the salt
+water out of his mouth, after a pint of spray had slapped him in the
+face.
+
+"It is kicking up an awful sea."
+
+"That's so."
+
+"Keep your helm hard down, Blair!" shouted Paul to the quartermaster in
+charge of the wheel.
+
+"She don't mind it now, sir!" yelled the quartermaster, at the top of
+his lungs.
+
+"She's falling off, Mr. Terrill," added Paul.
+
+"I see she is, sir."
+
+"We must keep her head up to it, or our decks will be washed. Hard down,
+Blair!"
+
+"She don't mind it, sir!"
+
+"Set the close-reefed foresail, Mr. Terrill," said the captain. "But be
+careful of the hands."
+
+Terrill, with the trumpet in his hand, sprang from the life-line to the
+fife-rail, so as to be nearer to the hands who were to execute the
+captain's order. The unpleasant plight of Mr. Hamblin attracted his
+attention, in spite of the pressure of the emergency. His gyrations, as
+he bobbed about under the uneasy motions of the vessel, gave him a
+ludicrous appearance, which even the positive expression of suffering on
+his face did not essentially mitigate. He had evidently come to a
+realizing sense of the perils of the sea, and was a pitiful sight to
+behold.
+
+"Man the foresail outhaul!" shouted Terrill, through his trumpet. "Mr.
+Martyn!"
+
+"Here, sir!" replied the second lieutenant; but his voice sounded like a
+whisper in the roar of the hurricane.
+
+"Double the hands on the outhaul!" added Terrill. "Stand by the brails!"
+
+"All ready, forward, sir!" reported Martyn.
+
+"Stand by the fore-sheets!--Mr. Cleats!" continued the executive
+officer.
+
+"Here, sir!" said the old sailor, who, with the carpenter, was holding
+on at the weather-rail.
+
+"Will you and Mr. Gage assist at the sheet?"
+
+"Ay, ay, sir! This is heavy work. I hope she'll carry that foresail."
+
+"She must carry it, or carry it away," added Terrill. "We are falling
+off badly."
+
+"So we are; it ought to be done," answered the boatswain, as he began to
+overhaul the sheets.
+
+It was with the greatest difficulty that any one could stand up on deck.
+The billows were momentarily increasing, and the Josephine had fallen
+off into the trough of the sea, and rolled helplessly in the surging
+waves, so that her fore yard appeared almost to dip in the brine. The
+outhaul was run out on the deck, and manned by all the hands that could
+get hold of it. The lee sheet was extended in like manner, and the whole
+after guard, besides the two adult forward officers, were called to walk
+away with it.
+
+"O, dear!" groaned Mr. Hamblin, after the vessel had given an unusually
+heavy lee lurch, the jerk of which had nearly knocked the breath out of
+his body.
+
+"What's the matter, your honor?" demanded Cleats, who always pitied a
+landlubber in a gale.
+
+"Do you think there's any danger, Mr. Cleats?" gasped the professor.
+
+"Danger! Bless your honor's heart! there's never any danger in a good
+ship, well manned," replied the veteran tar, as he knocked a kink out of
+the sheet. "Look at the captain! When he gets scared, you may."
+
+"It is really terrible!" puffed the learned professor.
+
+"Wouldn't your honor like the boat now?" growled the boatswain, with a
+hearty chuckle.
+
+"All ready at the sheets, sir!" screamed Robinson, the fourth
+lieutenant, who had charge of the waist at quarters.
+
+"Hold on, Mr. Terrill!" shouted the captain, as the Josephine rolled on
+her lee side till the water bubbled up in her scuppers. "Wait till I
+give you the word!"
+
+Paul was waiting for a favorable moment, when the blast should lull a
+little, to set the reefed foresail.
+
+"You must get out of the way, gentlemen!" said Terrill, roaring out the
+words through his trumpet. "The sheet blocks will knock you over!"
+
+Mr. Stoute unmoored himself, and made a dive at the life-line, where the
+captain was holding on; but, being rather clumsy in his obesity, he
+missed his aim, and was thrown into the scuppers. Mr. Cleats went to his
+assistance, and picked him up while he lay upon his back, with his legs
+and arms thrown up like a turtle trying to turn over. Mr. Hamblin was
+not encouraged by this experiment of his associate.
+
+"Why don't you go below, sir?" shouted Terrill, placing his trumpet
+close to the professor's head.
+
+"I can't move," replied he.
+
+"Mr. Gage will help you," added the lieutenant.
+
+The carpenter assisted Mr. Hamblin to the companion-way, while the
+boatswain had succeeded in rolling Mr. Stoute up to the same point. The
+doors were opened, and the head steward helped them down the ladder.
+
+"All ready!" shouted Captain Kendall, when the favorable moment came for
+setting the foresail.
+
+"Let go the brails!" bellowed the executive officer. "Haul out!"
+
+The ready seaman promptly obeyed the order, at the instant when the
+vessel, having rolled over as far as her centre of gravity would permit
+her to go in the trough of the sea, was poised as it were on a balance,
+waiting for the recoil of the wave that was to throw her down on the
+weather roll. The close-reefed foresail flew out from the brails, and
+began to thresh tremendously in the fierce blast.
+
+"Slack the weather vang!" continued Terrill to the hands who had been
+stationed at this rope. "Walk away with the sheet!"
+
+It required a tremendous pull to haul home the sheet of the foresail,
+banging furiously in the tempest; but there was force enough to
+accomplish it, though not till the vessel had made her weather roll,
+which lifted half the line of seamen from their feet. The close-reefed
+foresail was trimmed so as to lay the schooner to with her head up to
+the sea. The billows were increasing in volume so fearfully that it was
+no longer prudent to permit the vessel to roll in the trough of the sea,
+where she was in danger of being overwhelmed by the combing waves.
+
+"Mind your helm, Blair!" called the first lieutenant, springing aft to
+the wheel. "Port a little! Don't let the sail be taken aback!"
+
+The head of the Josephine came up handsomely to the sea, and it was thus
+proved that the double-reefed foresail was just the sail for such an
+emergency. It was only to be demonstrated whether the sail would be
+blown out of the bolt-ropes or not. If it had been an old one, such
+would probably have been its fate; but being nearly new, and of the best
+material, it stood the strain to the end.
+
+"Mind your eye, Blair!" roared Terrill. "Starboard!"
+
+"Starboard, sir!" replied the quartermaster.
+
+"Touch her up when it comes so heavy," added the lieutenant.
+
+The vessel had fallen off, and took the wind so far on the beam that she
+buried her scuppers deep in the waves. The order to "touch her up," or
+luff her up into the wind, so as partially to spill the sail, was given
+to ease off the tremendous pressure. The Josephine minded her helm, and
+luffed so that she righted herself.
+
+"Steady, Blair!" called the lieutenant. "Port! Not too much, or you'll
+broach her to!"
+
+"Sail ho!" suddenly shouted several of the seamen in the forward part of
+the vessel.
+
+"Where away?"
+
+"Right over the lee bow! She has capsized!"
+
+Paul and Terrill ran to the rail, and discovered a small vessel, lying
+over on her beam ends.
+
+"That's a Dutch galiot!" exclaimed Cleats, who promptly recognized the
+craft. "That's a trick they have of turning bottom upwards."
+
+"Port!" shouted Terrill, who did not take his eye off the foresail of
+the Josephine for more than an instant at a time.
+
+The attention of the quartermaster and the helmsman had been attracted
+by the announcement of the wreck, and they had permitted the Josephine
+to luff up until the foresail began to shake. The atmosphere was so
+thick that the galiot was seen but for an instant, and it then
+disappeared in the dense mists. Captain Kendall trembled with emotion
+when he saw the disabled vessel; but it was impossible to do anything
+for her until the hurricane subsided.
+
+Fortunately the worst of it had already passed, and a few moments later
+it ceased almost as suddenly as it commenced. The rain began to fall in
+torrents, while a fresh breeze and a tremendous sea were all that
+remained of the hurricane--for such it was, rather than an ordinary
+squall.
+
+"Set the jib and mainsail, Mr. Terrill," said Captain Kendall. "We must
+endeavor to find that wreck."
+
+These sails were accordingly hoisted, the Josephine came about, and
+stood off in the direction towards which the galiot was supposed to have
+drifted. The Young America had not been seen since the squall came up;
+but Paul conjectured that she had run away before it. He was deeply
+interested in the fate of those on board of the wreck, and trusted he
+should be able to render them some assistance, if all on board of her
+had not already perished.
+
+The rain poured down furiously; but it did not dampen the enthusiasm of
+the young officers and crew, though they were already drenched to the
+skin. The reefed foresail was taken in, for it was found that the jib
+and mainsail were all the schooner needed. She stood on for an hour or
+more, without obtaining a sight of the wreck, though every eye on board
+was strained to catch the first glimpse of it.
+
+"We must have passed her," said the captain.
+
+"It is so thick we can't see her, even if we should go within half a
+mile of her."
+
+"Come about, and stand a little more to the southward!" added Captain
+Kendall. "Let the fog-horns be blown. We may get a signal of some kind
+from them."
+
+"I am afraid they were lost overboard; and that there is no one left to
+make a signal," answered Terrill, sadly.
+
+The vessel was put about, and headed as indicated by the captain. The
+fog-horns were blown at intervals, and every one on board listened
+eagerly for a reply. These efforts were not unavailing, for a response
+was obtained after the Josephine had run half an hour on her present
+course. A hoarse shout was heard on the weather beam, which was
+unmistakably a cry of distress.
+
+"Steady as she is!" said Paul to the executive officer, as soon as the
+sounds were reported to him, and the direction from which they came.
+
+"Are you not going about, Captain Kendall?" asked Terrill, with a look
+of anxiety on his dripping face.
+
+"Certainly; but if we go about here, we should fall to leeward of the
+wreck," replied Paul.
+
+The Josephine stood on for a few moments longer, and then tacked.
+
+"Blow the horns, and keep a sharp lookout forward," added the captain,
+who was quite as anxious as any other person on board; but he kept
+apparently cool, in deference to the dignity of his high office.
+
+"I see her!" shouted Wheeler, the boatswain, who had gone out on the
+flying jib-boom.
+
+"Where away is she?" demanded Martyn, from the forecastle.
+
+"Well on the lee bow, sir."
+
+"Are we headed for her?"
+
+"Ay, ay, sir! We shall go clear of her to windward."
+
+"Wreck on the lee bow, sir," reported the second lieutenant to Terrill,
+who in turn reported to the captain.
+
+"Clear away the first cutter, Mr. Terrill," said Paul.
+
+"All the first cutters, ahoy!" shouted the boatswain's mate.
+
+"Mr. Pelham will have charge of the boat," added Captain Kendall, who
+had great confidence in the zeal and ability of this officer.
+
+"The wreck! The wreck!" shouted all hands, as the disabled galiot came
+into view.
+
+On the rail of the vessel, whose starboard half was completely submerged
+in the water, were two men, making violent gestures, and shouting to the
+crew of the Josephine. Not a word they said could be understood, but it
+was easy enough for Yankees to guess the meaning of their words. The
+schooner was thrown up into the wind, the jib lowered, and she lay to
+under the mainsail. Pelham and the crew of the first cutter took their
+places in the boat, and were lowered into the stormy sea. The falls were
+cast off the instant she struck the water; the coxswain gave his orders
+rapidly, and the cutter went off, rising and falling on the huge waves
+like a feather.
+
+The distance was short; but even this was a hard pull in such a violent
+sea. Pelham was cool and steady, and his self-possession encouraged the
+crew to their best efforts. The boat ran up under the lee of the wreck,
+and made fast to one of the masts. As soon as it was secured, both of
+the men on the rail began to jabber in an unintelligible language.
+
+"_Parlez-vous francais?_" shouted Pelham, who had some knowledge of the
+polite language.
+
+But the men made no response; and it was evident that no long speeches
+need be made on the present occasion. Pelham made signs to them to come
+down into the boat, which they did. They were not satisfied, but
+continued to talk in their own language, and to point earnestly to the
+after part of the wreck. One of them repeated a word so many times, that
+the officer of the boat was enabled at last to separate it from the
+confused jumble of sentences.
+
+"_Vrow?_" said he.
+
+The man nodded earnestly, and pointed with redoubled vigor to the after
+part of the galiot.
+
+_Vrow_ means wife; and Pelham concluded that the skipper's lady was in
+the cabin, but whether dead or alive he did not know.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER III.
+
+SOMETHING ABOUT DIKES.
+
+
+It was evident to those on board of the Josephine that there was some
+reason for the delay of the boat in not bringing off the survivors of
+the wreck. The energetic motions of the men on the disabled vessel could
+be dimly seen through the mist and rain.
+
+"Hoist the jib, Terrill," said Captain Kendall. "We will run up to the
+wreck, and ascertain what the trouble is."
+
+"Man the jib halyards! Stand by the jib sheet!" added Terrill.
+
+"All ready, sir!"
+
+"Let go the downhaul! Hoist away!" continued the first lieutenant. "Port
+the helm!"
+
+The mainsail was trimmed, the jib sheet hauled down, and the schooner
+filled away again. She ran close under the lee of the galiot, just far
+enough off to clear her masts.
+
+"What's the matter, Mr. Pelham?" called Terrill through his trumpet.
+
+"There's a woman in the cabin," replied Pelham.
+
+"Clear away the gig!" said Captain Kendall, as the Josephine passed out
+of hailing distance of the wreck. "Mr. Martyn will take charge of the
+boat."
+
+The gig's crew were piped away, and the falls were manned. The second
+lieutenant stood ready at the gangway to take his place in the boat. The
+operation of hoisting out a boat was not so difficult and dangerous as
+it had been when the first cutter went off, for the sea was every moment
+abating its fury.
+
+"Mr. Cleats and Mr. Gage will go in the boat with a couple of axes,"
+added the captain, who had been studying the position of the wreck.
+
+The first lieutenant gave the order to the adult forward officers, who
+presented themselves at the gangway provided with their implements,
+ready to do the work assigned to them. By this time the weather had
+begun to clear off, and a streak of blue sky appeared in the west. The
+low land and the white cliffs and sand hills were seen again; but the
+coast was different from that which they had observed before the tempest
+burst upon them.
+
+"Mr. Martyn, you will cut away the masts of the wreck; but first
+endeavor to save the woman in the cabin," added the captain, when the
+crew of the boat had taken their places, and everything was in readiness
+to lower the boat.
+
+"I will do the best I can," replied Martyn, as he stepped into the gig.
+
+"If the galiot does not right when the masts are cut away, report to
+me."
+
+The boat went off on her mission of mercy, and those left on board of
+the schooner watched her progress with the most intense interest. All
+felt that they were not "playing sailor" then, but that the issues of
+life and death depended upon the exertions of the two boats' crews.
+
+"Have you any idea where we are, Captain Kendall?" asked Terrill, gazing
+earnestly at the distant shore, which was now revealing itself with
+greater clearness.
+
+Paul took a spy-glass and carefully surveyed the shore. Terrill took
+another glass, and both of them went up into the main rigging, so as to
+obtain a better view of the shore.
+
+"There are some church steeples near the coast, and farther back there
+is a great number of them," said Terrill.
+
+"All right," replied Paul, as he returned to the deck, followed by the
+first lieutenant.
+
+"Do you make out the coast?" asked the latter.
+
+"Yes; we are on Thornton's Ridge. Throw the lead!" replied Paul, with
+some anxiety, as he took the glass and pointed it in the direction
+opposite the shore.
+
+"By the mark five!" reported the quartermaster, who was heaving the lead
+in the fore chains.
+
+"That proves it," exclaimed Paul. "We are on Thornton's. The steeples on
+the shore are Blankenburg, and those farther off are the Bruges
+steeples. We are about twelve miles to the eastward of the North Hinder,
+where there is a light-vessel. We have been drifting to the southward.
+We will tack now, and stand over to windward of the wreck."
+
+The Josephine went about again, and stood up to the point indicated by
+the captain. The wind had now subsided to a gentle breeze, and the sea
+was abating its violence in a corresponding degree. The lead was thrown
+continually, but not less than three fathoms was indicated at any time.
+Cleats and Gage, with their sharp axes, were dealing heavy blows at the
+masts of the galiot, while the crew of the gig and first cutter were
+clearing away the standing rigging. By the time the schooner reached the
+position to windward of the wreck, the work had been accomplished. The
+two boats had backed away from the wreck, and suddenly the hull righted.
+A few more strokes of the axes severed the shrouds, which could not be
+reached while the vessel lay upon her side.
+
+Pelham, who was on the deck of the vessel when she righted, rushed to
+the companion-way, which had been submerged before. He was closely
+followed by the two men. The cabin was half full of water; but he found
+there a woman and a young girl of sixteen, who had been clinging for
+life to an upper berth. The gallant lieutenant plunged up to his middle
+in the water, and bore the girl to the ladder. At the same time, the
+older of the men performed a similar service for the woman. He was
+evidently the husband of the woman and the father of the girl. When he
+returned to the deck, he embraced the woman and the girl, and lavished
+upon them the most tender caresses.
+
+"Mr. Pelham, you will convey these people to the Josephine, and report
+what has been done to the captain," said Martyn, who was the superior
+officer.
+
+The first cutter was hauled up to the gangway of the galiot, and Pelham
+by signs invited the family to embark. They comprehended his meaning,
+and the females were assisted into the boat. The older man, who was
+apparently the skipper of the vessel, exhibited some reluctance at
+leaving his craft. His heart seemed to be broken by the calamity which
+had befallen him, and he wept bitterly, uttering piteous exclamations,
+which could not be understood by the Josephines, as Pelham hurried him
+into the cutter.
+
+The party continued their sad wailings till the boat reached the
+schooner. The women were assisted to the deck, where they stood staring
+with blank amazement at the vessel and her crew. The skipper was
+bewildered by the misfortune that overshadowed him.
+
+"I am glad to see you, sir," said Paul, as the disconsolate captain came
+up the accommodation ladder.
+
+"No use, Captain Kendall," said Pelham, smiling. "They can't speak a
+word of English."
+
+"Do you know anything about the vessel?" asked Paul.
+
+"I read her name on the stern, as we came back, and wrote it down; for a
+Yankee would choke to death in uttering it," replied Pelham, as he
+produced a piece of wet paper. "It is the 'Wel tevreeden, Dordrecht.'"
+
+"That's Dutch. She hails from Dort," added Paul.
+
+"Where are the professors?" asked Terrill. "Can they speak Dutch?"
+
+The professors, who had seen enough of rough weather for one day, had
+been making themselves as comfortable as possible in the cabin. The
+Dutchman and his family were conducted below by the first lieutenant.
+
+"What have you here?" demanded Mr. Stoute, who had just come from his
+berth, in which he had bolstered himself up, in order, as he expressed
+it, to know exactly where he was.
+
+"We have just saved them from the wreck of a Dutch galiot. They can't
+speak a word of English, and we wish you to talk to them."
+
+"In Dutch?" laughed Mr. Stoute. "I cannot do it."
+
+"What is the matter, Mr. Terrill?" inquired Professor Hamblin, who had
+also taken to his berth to save his limbs from being broken.
+
+"A vessel has been wrecked, and we have saved two men and two women. Can
+you talk Dutch?" asked the first lieutenant, going to the door of the
+professor's state-room.
+
+Mr. Hamblin proved to be no wiser than his associate, so far as the
+Dutch language was concerned; and it was found to be impossible to hold
+any communication with the wrecked persons except by signs. They were
+committed to the care of the steward, by whom everything was done to
+render them comfortable. The captain's state-room was given to the
+women, and they were supplied with hot coffee and other refreshments.
+
+"What is the condition of the wreck, Mr. Pelham?" asked Captain Kendall,
+as soon as the unfortunate persons had been provided for.
+
+"She is half full of water," replied the second master. "The crew of the
+gig were pumping her out when we left."
+
+"Do you know anything about her cargo?"
+
+"No, sir. Her hatches were battened down, and we could not see what was
+in the hold."
+
+The first lieutenant was directed to detail a working party for the
+wreck, to assist in pumping her out, and the first cutter returned to
+the galiot with sixteen hands. Orders were sent to Martyn to use every
+exertion to save the vessel and her cargo. It was now nearly dark; but
+the weather was favorable, and Paul hoped to get the dismasted galiot
+into port on the following day.
+
+The cutter reached the wreck, and the crew of the gig, who had been
+pumping and baling diligently, were relieved by fresh hands. The work
+went on with renewed energy. The hatches had been taken off, and the
+cargo was found to consist of butter, cheese, and manufactured goods.
+The boatswain had explored the hold, and declared that the merchandise
+was not badly damaged. The galiot had taken in less water than was
+supposed, from her position on the waves. After four hours of severe
+toil by the young seamen, the pumps sucked. The hull was tight, and the
+working party were greatly encouraged by the success of their efforts.
+
+The boatswain and carpenter, assisted by the boys, rigged a jury-mast
+out of the foremast of the galiot, which had been saved for the purpose.
+A jib and foresail were bent upon it, and the "Wel tevreeden" was in
+condition to make a harbor. It was midnight when the work was completed,
+and the report sent to Captain Kendall. Martyn, Pelham, and a crew of
+ten, to be assisted by Cleats and Gage, were detailed to take the galiot
+into the Scheldt.
+
+During the first part of the night it had been a dead calm, which had
+greatly assisted the labors of the working party. About four o'clock, on
+the morning of Sunday, a light breeze from the westward sprang up, and
+the order was given by signal for the galiot to make sail, and to follow
+the Josephine. There was hardly a four-knot breeze, with the tide
+setting out; and the progress of the galiot, under her short sail, was
+very slow.
+
+Nothing had been seen of the Young America since the storm shut down
+upon her and concealed her from the view of those on board of the
+Josephine. Paul knew that Mr. Lowington would be exceedingly anxious
+about him and his vessel; but he was proud and happy in the reflection
+that he had carried the Josephine safely through the perils which had
+surrounded her. He had not closed his eyes during the night, as indeed
+no one connected with the sailing department of the schooner had done.
+The professors and the wrecked party had all turned in as usual, while
+Paul kept vigil on deck with the first lieutenant.
+
+"Sail ho!" cried the lookout forward, about seven o'clock in the
+morning.
+
+A small vessel was discovered approaching the Josephine from the
+direction of the shore, or rather of the mouth of the Scheldt, whose
+western estuary forms a broad bay about twelve miles in width. As the
+small craft came near, it was evident that she was a pilot boat. She
+carried a red flag at her mast-head, on which was a number in white
+figures. On her principal sail there was a large letter "P," and under
+it "ANTWERPEN." When she hove in sight, the jack was hoisted at the
+foremast-head of the Josephine, which is the signal for a pilot. As the
+little cutter rounded to, the words "_Bateau Pilote_" with her number,
+were seen on the stern.
+
+She was a Belgian pilot-boat. The mouth of the Scheldt, and its course
+for forty miles, are in Holland, and off the mouth of the river both
+Dutch and Belgian pilots offer their services to inward-bound vessels;
+but the sea pilots take vessels only to Flushing, the river pilotage
+being a separate charge. Mr. Lowington had instructed Paul, as the
+squadron was bound to Antwerp, to prefer a Belgian pilot, who would take
+the vessel up to that city, and charge the pilotage in one bill.
+
+A canoe put off from the "Bateau Pilote," and a weather-beaten Belgian
+sailor leaped upon the deck. He opened his eyes very wide when he had
+taken a single glance at the vessel and her crew. He seemed to be as
+much confounded as the Liverpool pilot had been on a similar occasion.
+The professors were at breakfast in the cabin, and not a single man
+appeared on deck.
+
+"_L'Amerique?_" said the pilot, glancing at the flag which floated at
+the peak.
+
+"_Oui_," replied Paul, laughing.
+
+"_Ou est le capitaine, monsieur?_" added the pilot, looking around him
+again.
+
+"_Je suis capitaine,_" replied Paul.
+
+"_Est-il possible!_"
+
+"_C'est possible._ You speak English?--_parlez-vous anglais?_" added
+Paul.
+
+"I speak _un pere_," replied the pilot. "What vessel that is?" he
+continued, pointing to the galiot, which was following in the wake of
+the Josephine.
+
+"She is a Dutch vessel, that was upset yesterday. We saved her. The
+captain and his family are on board, but none of us have been able to
+speak a word to him."
+
+"Where bound are you?"
+
+"To Antwerp. We have a crew on board of the galiot. We will not attempt
+to take her to Antwerp."
+
+"She have taken a pilot," said the Belgian, as another man from the
+"Bateau Pilote" boarded her. "She shall be taken to Flushing."
+
+"You will put into Flushing, then, so that I can obtain the men on board
+of her."
+
+"I will--yes."
+
+"Did a ship--the Young America--go up the river last night?" asked Paul.
+
+"No; no ship. We see a ship off the Rabs when the storm came. She come
+about, and go to sea before the wind."
+
+This was what Paul supposed the Young America had done. He had no fears
+in regard to the safety of the ship as long as she had plenty of sea
+room. She would soon return, and the pilot-boat would be able to report
+the Josephine to the anxious people on board of her. The Belgian pilot
+took charge of the vessel; and after he had headed her towards the
+channel by which he intended to enter the river, he began to ask
+questions in regard to the juvenile officers and crew. He did not speak
+English any more fluently than Paul did French, and they did not get
+along very well. Mr. Stoute, having finished his breakfast, came on
+deck. He taught the French in the Josephine, and was very happy to find
+an opportunity to air his vocabulary.
+
+The skipper of the galiot came up from the cabin soon after with his
+family. As the pilot spoke Dutch, the story of the unfortunate captain
+was obtained at last. The vessel had been caught in the squall, and
+knocked down. Two men on deck had been washed away and drowned. The
+companion-way being open, the water had rushed in and prevented the
+vessel from righting. The women, who lived on board all the time, as is
+frequently the case with the families of Dutch skippers, had climbed up
+and obtained a hold upon the berths on the port side of the cabin. By
+these means they were saved from drowning; but the cabin doors, being on
+the starboard side, were under water, so that they could not escape
+while the vessel lay on her beam-ends.
+
+The Josephine, followed by the "Wel tevreeden," entered the river. It
+was a beautiful day, warm and pleasant; and the officers and crew, in
+spite of the hardships of the preceding night, were eager to obtain
+their first view of the new country whose waters they were now entering.
+It was still over sixty miles, by the course of the Scheldt, to Antwerp;
+but the sights on the river and on the shore were novel and interesting.
+The vessels which sailed up and down the river were essentially
+different from any they had ever seen, with the exception, perhaps, of
+the wrecked galiot. They looked more like huge canal-boats than
+sea-going vessels. Some of them had wings, or boards, at their sides,
+which were let down when the craft was going on the wind, thus serving
+the same purpose as a centreboard. Others were rigged so that their
+masts could be lowered to the deck in passing bridges.
+
+Maps, guide-books, and other volumes of reference were in great demand
+among the students, and Professor Stoute was continually questioned by
+all hands. Mr. Hamblin was too grouty to permit any such familiarity,
+and doubtless he was saved from exposing his ignorance of the
+interesting country which the voyagers had now entered.
+
+The West Scheldt, upon whose waters the Josephine was now sailing, is
+sometimes called the Hond. On the left, and in plain sight from the
+deck, was Walcheren, the most extensive of the nine islands which
+constitute the province of Zealand, the most southern and western
+division of the kingdom of Holland. Zeeland, or Zealand, means
+_sea-land_; and its territory seems to belong to the ocean, since it is
+only by the most persevering care that the sea is prevented from making
+a conquest of it. These islands are for the most part surrounded and
+divided by the several mouths of the Scheldt, all of which are
+navigable.
+
+Our readers who have been on the sea-shore where the coast is washed by
+the broad ocean, or any considerable bay, have observed a ridge of sand,
+gravel, or stones thrown up from ten to twenty feet higher than the land
+behind. This was caused by the action of the sea. The exterior shore of
+Holland, that is, the land bordering upon the open ocean, has generally
+a ridge of sand of this description. The sand-hills or hummocks which
+are observed on the shores of Holland and Belgium are produced by the
+ceaseless beating of the stormy waves.
+
+In Holland, these ridges, or chains of sand-hills, are called "dunes."
+They extend, with little interruption, from the Straits of Dover to the
+Zuyder Zee. The ridge is from one to three miles wide, and rising from
+twenty to fifty feet in height. The sand of which the "dunes" are
+composed is generally so fine that it is readily blown by a sharp wind;
+and they were as troublesome as the sands of Sahara in a simoom. In a
+dry and windy day, the atmosphere would become dim from the sand smoke
+of the dunes, and the material was conveyed in this manner far into the
+interior of the country, covering up the rich soil, so that it became
+necessary to dig up the sand. To overcome this evil, a kind of coarse
+reed grass is annually sown on the dunes, which forms a tough sod, and
+prevents the sand from being blown away.
+
+The dunes form a natural barrier to the progress of the sea; but these,
+of themselves, are insufficient to accomplish the purpose; for in the
+highest tides the waters sweep through the openings or valleys between
+the sand-hills. Immense dikes and sea-walls are erected to complete the
+security of the country from the invasions of the ocean. The embankments
+which protect the islands of Zealand are over three hundred miles in
+length in the aggregate, and involve an annual expense of two millions
+of guilders--more than eight hundred thousand dollars--in repairs.
+
+"The great dike of West Kappel is there," said the pilot to Captain
+Kendall, as he pointed to the land on the northern shore of the estuary.
+
+"I don't see anything," replied Paul.
+
+"There is nothing particular to see on this side of the dike,"
+interposed Professor Stoute, laughing at the astonishment of the
+captain. "What did you expect to see?"
+
+"I hardly know. I have heard so much about the dikes of Holland, that I
+expected to see a big thing when I came across one of them," added Paul.
+
+"They are a big thing; but really there is very little to see."
+
+"But what is a dike, sir?" asked Paul, curiously. "I never supposed it
+was anything more than a mud wall."
+
+"It is nothing more than that, only it is on a very large scale, and it
+must be constructed with the nicest care; for the lives and property of
+the people depend upon its security. When they are going to build a
+dike, the first consideration, as in putting up a heavy building, is the
+foundation. I suppose you have seen a railroad built through a marsh, or
+other soft place."
+
+"Yes, sir; the railroad at Brockway went over the head of the bay, where
+the bottom was very soft. As fast as they put in gravel for the road,
+the mud squashed up on each side, making a ridge almost as high as the
+road itself. They built a heavy stone wharf at Brockway, the year before
+we sailed, and the weight of it lifted up the bottom of the shallow bay
+a hundred feet from it, so that boats get aground there now at half
+tide."
+
+"That is the idea exactly: The foundation is not solid; and that is
+often the chief difficulty in building a dike. The immense weight of the
+material of which it is constructed crowds the earth out from under it,
+and it sinks down faster than they can build it. In such places as this
+they find it necessary to drive piles, to build the embankment on."
+
+"They must cost a heap of money, then."
+
+"The annual expense even for repairs of dikes in Holland is about three
+millions of dollars of our money. Speaking of that very dike of West
+Kappel," added the professor, pointing to its long, inclined escarpment,
+"it is said if it had been originally built of solid copper, the prime
+cost would have been less than the amount which has since been expended
+upon it in building, rebuilding, restoring, and repairing it. But the
+money spent on dikes is the salvation of Holland. The entire country
+would be washed away in a few years, if they were suffered to decay."
+
+"I see there are trees growing on the shore, farther up the river,"
+added Paul.
+
+"Those trees are willows; and wherever it is possible for them to
+thrive, they encourage their growth for two reasons: first, because the
+roots of the trees strengthen the dike; and, secondly, because the
+willow twigs are wanted in repairing and securing the embankment. The
+foundations of sea-dikes vary from a hundred and twenty to one hundred
+and fifty feet in width. The rampart is made of clay, which, as being
+impervious to water, forms the entire structure when the material is
+available in sufficient quantities. The maximum height of the dikes is
+forty feet; but of course they vary in this respect with the elevation
+of the land to be protected by them."
+
+"But I should think the mud and clay would be washed away by the beating
+of the sea."
+
+"So they are sometimes; and to guard against such an event, which is a
+calamity in this country, the dike is covered with a kind of thatch-work
+of willow twigs, which has to be renewed every three or four years.
+Occasionally the outer surface of the embankment is faced with masonry,
+the stone for which has to be brought from Norway."
+
+"A ship there is coming in," interrupted the pilot, pointing to seaward.
+
+She was several miles distant, standing in under all sail. She was
+examined with the spy-glasses, and every one was rejoiced to learn that
+it was the Young America.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IV.
+
+UP THE SCHELDT TO FLUSHING.
+
+
+"I am very glad to see the ship again," said Paul to Professor Stoute.
+
+"I supposed she would get in before us, we were detained so long by the
+wreck," replied Mr. Stoute.
+
+"Probably she stood off and on during the night, seeking for us," added
+Paul, as he again looked through the spy-glass at the ship. "She seems
+to be sound in all her upper works, so far as I can see."
+
+"I dare say the ship would be safe enough as long as Mr. Lowington and
+Mr. Fluxion are on board of her."
+
+"Yes, sir; I didn't suppose any harm had come to her; but Mr. Lowington
+will naturally be very anxious about us. He has made us out by this
+time, and is satisfied that we are still on the top of the water. There
+are the steeples of a town," said Paul, pointing to the Walcheren shore.
+"That must be Middleburg."
+
+"This island was inundated in 1808," continued Mr. Stoute, after the
+pilot had assured him that the steeples seen in the interior of the
+island were those of Middleburg. "Though the sea is as diligently
+watched as the advance-guard of an invading army, the great dike of
+West Kappel broke through, and a large part of the island was under
+water. Middleburg has its own dikes and ditches, the former constituting
+the wall of the town, upon the top of which there is a public promenade.
+This dike or mound kept the water out of the city after the sea-dike had
+given way. The inundation rose as high as the roofs of the houses in the
+town, but was fortunately kept at bay by the strength of the walls."
+
+"Were you ever in Holland, Mr. Stoute?" asked Paul, with a significant
+smile.
+
+"Never," laughed the professor; "but the schoolmaster must not be abroad
+when boys ask as many questions as the students on board of this vessel.
+As soon as I learned that we were coming to Holland, I read up
+everything I could find relating to the country, and I assure you my
+interest in the country has been doubled by my studies. We have in our
+library quite a collection of works relating more or less directly to
+Holland. The New American Encyclopaedia contains very full and reliable
+articles on the subject. We have a full list of Murray's Hand-Books,
+which form a library in themselves, and which impart the most minute
+information. Indeed, half the books of travel which are written are
+based upon Murray's invaluable works. Then we have Motley's History of
+the Dutch Republic, and the two volumes of his United Netherlands which
+have been published. My knowledge of Holland and Belgium comes mainly
+from these works."
+
+"I haven't had time to look up these matters yet. I have given
+considerable extra time to my French. As soon as we are moored, I
+suppose Mr. Mapps will give us his lecture on the country; and I intend
+to make that the basis of my reading."
+
+"Then I will not say anything more about the dikes," laughed Mr. Stoute.
+"You can do the matter up more systematically by your intended course."
+
+"I am very glad to get all I can without the trouble of hunting it up,"
+replied Paul, as he glanced again at the Young America. "I may have more
+time than I want to study up these subjects."
+
+"Why so?"
+
+"I suppose I am to be court-martialed for disobedience as soon as Mr.
+Lowington arrives," replied Paul, fixing his eyes upon the deck. "Mr.
+Hamblin has not spoken to me since I left the class yesterday
+afternoon."
+
+"It is not proper for me to say anything about that to you, Captain
+Kendall," added Mr. Stoute.
+
+"I feel that I have tried to do my duty; and, whatever happens to me, I
+shall endeavor to be satisfied."
+
+Professor Stoute walked away, apparently to avoid any further
+conversation on the disagreeable subject. Paul did not feel quite easy
+about the difficulty which had occurred between him and the dignified
+professor. He had hoped and expected that the storm would justify his
+action in the opinion of the learned gentleman; but Mr. Hamblin
+carefully avoided him, and he was confident he intended to prefer
+charges against him as soon as the principal arrived.
+
+The Josephine was now entering the port of Flushing. The pilot was
+talking with the Dutch skipper very earnestly, and occasionally glancing
+at the "Wel tevreeden." The latter seemed to be very uneasy, and to
+manifest a great deal of solicitude in regard to his vessel,
+notwithstanding she was safe, though the cargo had been damaged, and she
+had lost her masts and part of her standing rigging.
+
+"Captain Schimmelpennink to you wish to talk," said the pilot, stepping
+up to Paul.
+
+"Who?" exclaimed Paul, almost stunned by the sound of the Dutchman's
+name.
+
+The pilot repeated it, but not much more to the edification of the young
+commander than before.
+
+"I can't talk Dutch," laughed Paul.
+
+"I for you will speak the English," added the Belgian.
+
+This was hardly more encouraging than the Dutch of the disconsolate
+skipper; but Paul consented to the conference.
+
+"The galiot to you belongs for the labor you have to save him,"
+continued the pilot.
+
+With some difficulty, with the assistance of Mr. Stoute, who, however,
+was not familiar with French nautical terms, Paul learned that Captain
+Schimmelpennink was much disturbed about the ultimate disposal of the
+"Wel tevreeden." According to maritime law, recognized by all countries,
+the captain, officers, and crew of the Josephine were entitled to
+salvage for saving the vessel. As, without assistance, it was probable
+that the galiot would have been totally lost, the salvors would be
+entitled to the greater part of the value of the wreck when it should be
+sold. One half, two thirds, or even three fourths, is sometimes awarded
+to those who save a vessel, the proportion depending upon the condition
+of the wreck.
+
+It appeared that the captain of the galiot was much distressed on this
+account. He declared that he was a poor man; that his vessel was all the
+property he had in the world; that one of the men lost overboard in the
+squall was his own brother, and the other his wife's brother; and misery
+had suddenly come upon him in an avalanche. By the exertions of Martyn
+and others from the Josephine, a portion of the sails and standing
+rigging of the galiot had been saved, so that only about one fourth of
+the value of the vessel had been sacrificed by the tempest. But now the
+skipper was in great trouble because two thirds or three fourths of the
+remaining value of his property was to be decreed to the salvors by a
+maritime court.
+
+Paul did not feel that it would be right for him to settle, or even
+discuss, this question, and he referred the skipper to Mr. Lowington,
+assuring him that he was a fair man, and would deal kindly with him. But
+this did not satisfy the unfortunate man. It was bad enough to lose one
+fourth of his property,--for the vessel was not insured,--without having
+the greater part of the remainder wrested from him by a court.
+
+"All hands, moor ship, ahoy!" shouted the boatswain, when the schooner
+was approaching one of the great canals of Flushing, or Vlissingen, as
+the Dutch call it.
+
+The anchor was let go, the sails lowered and stowed, and the Josephine
+was once more at rest. The galiot came in, and anchored a cable's length
+from her. Communication between the two vessels was immediately opened,
+and Lieutenant Martyn made his report of the voyage since he sailed
+from Thornton's Ridge. No events of any importance had occurred, and his
+story could not be said to be at all sensational.
+
+In less than an hour the Young America ran into the port, and moored
+near the Josephine. The moment her anchor had buried itself in the mud
+of the harbor, her officers and crew were in the rigging, gazing
+earnestly at the consort. It was possible they had noticed the galiot
+under a jury-mast, and in some manner connected her with the Josephine;
+but they could have had no other clew to the exciting incidents which
+had transpired since the two vessels parted company the day before.
+
+"I desire to renew my request for a boat, Captain Kendall," said
+Professor Hamblin, stiffly, the moment the rattling cable of the ship
+was heard.
+
+"Certainly, sir. I shall be very happy to furnish a boat for you,"
+replied Paul, politely. "Mr. Terrill, you will pipe away the first
+cutters for Mr. Hamblin."
+
+"Yes, sir," replied the first lieutenant, touching his cap. "Boatswain,
+pipe away the first cutters for Mr. Hamblin."
+
+"Mr. Terrill, you will pipe away the crew of the gig for me. I will go
+on board of the ship," added the captain.
+
+"Yes, sir," answered Terrill. "Boatswain's mate, pipe away the gigsmen
+for the captain."
+
+"All the first cutters, on deck, ahoy!" shouted the boatswain.
+
+"All the gigsmen, on deck, ahoy!" piped the boatswain's mate.
+
+Professor Hamblin stamped his foot on deck when he heard these orders,
+given almost in the same breath. He did not seem to consider that there
+was anything to be done except to attend to his affair.
+
+"Captain Kendall," said he, walking up to the young commander, with a
+brisk, nervous step, "I wish to see Mr. Lowington alone."
+
+"Certainly, sir; I will not object to your seeing him alone. If I can do
+anything to favor your views, I shall be happy to assist."
+
+"You have ordered your gig, and you said you were going on board the
+ship," added the learned gentleman, his wrath not at all appeased by the
+conciliatory reply of Paul.
+
+"I am, sir."
+
+"Am I to understand that you are going to see the principal in reference
+to my communication with him?" demanded Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"No, sir. It is my duty to report any unusual event which occurs in the
+navigation of this vessel," answered Paul, respectfully.
+
+"It is quite proper for you to regard your own disobedience as an
+unusual event," retorted the professor.
+
+"I was not thinking of that, sir. I am quite willing to leave that
+matter with Mr. Lowington, and to abide by his decision. I refer to the
+storm, and the wreck of the Dutch galiot. Those were unusual events."
+
+"It would be more proper, and more respectful to me, for you to defer
+your affairs till after I have seen the principal. This is the Sabbath
+day," added Mr. Hamblin, solemnly. "I do not desire to have this
+controversy opened to-day."
+
+"Then, sir, I suggest that you defer it until to-morrow," added Paul.
+
+"This is a question of discipline, and admits of no delay. If the
+professors of this vessel are to be disobeyed and insulted, it is not
+proper for me to remain in her another hour."
+
+"Insulted, sir?" exclaimed the young commander, blushing under this
+charge.
+
+"Yes, sir; insulted, sir!" replied Mr. Hamblin, angrily. "Did you not
+leave the class? That was disobedience, which, under the circumstances,
+perhaps I might have forgiven, if you had not added insult to injury.
+Not contented with your own misconduct, you immediately ordered all
+hands to be called, and every member of my class was taken away."
+
+"As to-day is Sunday, sir, I will not attempt to explain my conduct. I
+am very sorry that any difficulty has occurred; but I think Mr.
+Lowington will understand the matter. Your boat is ready, Mr. Hamblin,"
+added Paul, pointing to the gangway, where the third lieutenant was
+waiting for his passenger.
+
+"Do I understand that you insist upon going on board of the ship
+immediately?" demanded the professor.
+
+"Yes, sir. It is my duty to report to the principal without delay. There
+is a signal at the peak of the ship now," replied Paul.
+
+"Signal for the captain to report on board of the ship, sir," said the
+signal-officer, touching his cap to his commander.
+
+Mr. Hamblin went over the side into the first cutter, which pulled away
+towards the ship. The gig immediately took her place, and the captain
+stepped into her. The cutter reached the Young America first, and the
+angry professor ran up the ladder with unwonted briskness. The principal
+was standing on the quarter, waiting to see the captain of the
+Josephine, for he was anxious to learn whether she had sustained any
+damage or lost any one overboard in the fierce storm. He knew that
+nothing but the most skilful seamanship could have prevented the decks
+of the schooner from being washed in the tremendous sea that prevailed
+during the hurricane.
+
+To Mr. Lowington every moment of time since the two vessels of the
+squadron parted company the day before had been burdened with the most
+intense solicitude for the fate of the consort and her crew. The fact
+that she had been dilatory in taking in sail, when no one could know at
+what instant the squall would break upon her, had indicated a degree of
+recklessness which increased his anxiety. Mr. Fluxion had been sent to
+the fore cross-trees with a powerful glass early in the morning, and the
+Josephine had been discovered by the ship long before the Young America
+was seen by the pilot.
+
+During the night the ship had cruised off and on in search of her
+consort, but the Josephine had drifted to the southward, and had sailed
+in that direction, after the fury of the tempest had wasted itself, in
+looking for the wreck of the galiot. The report of Mr. Fluxion on the
+cross-trees that she was entering the Hond, relieved the principal's
+anxiety in part; but he was still fearful that some of her crew had been
+washed overboard. As soon as the anchor was let go, he had ordered the
+signal for Captain Kendall to be hoisted.
+
+Mr. Hamblin was the first person from the Josephine who presented
+himself to the principal. There was something in the professor's
+countenance which looked ominous, and Mr. Lowington's fears seemed to be
+confirmed by the unusual solemnity of the learned gentleman's
+expression. Mr. Lowington's heart rose up into his throat; for
+independently of the sorrow which the loss of one or more of the
+Josephine's crew would cause him, he realized that such a calamity would
+be the death-blow to his favorite experiment. The entire charge of her
+had been committed to a boy of sixteen, and he blamed himself severely
+because he had not placed an experienced officer on board of her, who
+might at least act in great emergencies. Though Mr. Cleats was an old
+sailor, he was not a navigator.
+
+The principal was in this state of suffering, bordering upon anguish,
+when the irate professor of Greek and Latin came on board. Mr. Lowington
+tried to think that nothing had happened, but it was impossible. If any
+one had been lost, the Josephine's flag would be at half mast, or some
+other signal would have been made. Mr. Hamblin's face looked like death
+itself, only his brow was contracted, and his lips were compressed as
+though anger and sorrow were combined in his expression.
+
+"What has happened, Mr. Hamblin?" demanded the principal, manifesting
+more emotion than any one on board had ever before observed in his
+manner.
+
+"I am sorry to say, Mr. Lowington, that an unpleasant event has occurred
+on board of the Josephine," the professor began, very solemnly.
+
+"I feared it," gasped Mr. Lowington. "Who was it?"
+
+"The captain--"
+
+"Captain Kendall!" groaned Mr. Lowington, striking his bewildered head
+with both hands. "Good Heaven! I am responsible for this!"
+
+"What is the matter, Mr. Lowington?" demanded the astonished professor.
+
+"What did you say about Captain Kendall?" asked the principal, catching
+at the straw which the learned gentleman's question seemed to hold out
+to him.
+
+"I prefer to speak to you alone about it, Mr. Lowington," added the
+professor, glancing at the group of officers and instructors that were
+gathering around him. "I will endeavor to control my emotions in stating
+this unpleasant business."
+
+Mr. Lowington, apparently happy to have even a moment's respite from the
+grief and gloom which must follow the sad intelligence of the loss of
+Captain Kendall, led the way to the professors' cabin.
+
+"Now, sir, what is it? Let me know the worst!" exclaimed the principal,
+dropping upon the sofa like a man whose strength had all been taken from
+him. "I have been dreading it for many long and weary hours."
+
+"Dreading it?" repeated the confused professor. "Dreading what, sir?"
+
+"That the Josephine had suffered severely in the storm," replied the
+principal, impatiently. "You have come to tell me that Captain Kendall
+was lost overboard?" And Mr. Lowington heaved a long sigh.
+
+"No, sir," protested Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"Didn't you say that a very unpleasant affair had happened on board?"
+demanded the principal, eagerly.
+
+"I did; but it was not the loss of the captain."
+
+"Who was it?" asked Mr. Lowington, catching his breath, in the heaviness
+of his anxiety.
+
+"I really don't understand you, sir," said the learned gentleman,
+astonished and confounded by what he regarded as the singular conduct of
+the principal.
+
+"Has any one been lost overboard from the Josephine?" demanded Mr.
+Lowington, in a loud tone, for he was impatient under the shuffling
+manner of the professor.
+
+"No, sir; no one, that I am aware of."
+
+"That you are aware of!" exclaimed Mr. Lowington, sternly.
+
+"Of course, if any one had been lost, I should have heard of it,"
+answered Mr. Hamblin, who did not quite like the tone of the principal.
+
+"Then the officers and crew are all safe--are they?"
+
+"They are, sir--all safe."
+
+"Thank God!" ejaculated Mr. Lowington, heartily, an awfully heavy load
+removed from his mind.
+
+"I have come on board, sir, to make a complaint against the captain of
+the Josephine. This is the unpleasant business which brings me here,"
+added the learned gentleman, decidedly.
+
+"Indeed!"
+
+But even this, disagreeable as it was, came as a relief to the
+overcharged heart of Paul's best friend, who had received a terrible
+shock from the confused state-ment of the professor. Yet it was very
+strange that any one should have a complaint to make against Paul
+Kendall, who had always been noble and manly, gentle and conciliating.
+
+"Yesterday, just before the storm came on, Mr. Kendall was reciting with
+the Greek class," continued Mr. Hamblin. "Word came to him that his
+presence was required on deck. He asked my permission to go on deck. As
+I could not see the necessity of his leaving the class before the lesson
+was finished, I refused to give him permission."
+
+"Did he leave then?"
+
+"Not then; but half an hour later another message came to him, and he
+left, contrary to my orders, and contrary to my protest," added the
+professor, waxing indignant as he recounted his wrongs.
+
+"What was the message that came the second time?" asked Mr. Lowington,
+mildly.
+
+"I do not remember precisely what it was--I am not versed in sea terms;
+but I do remember that Mr. Kendall left the class contrary to my express
+order. Not contented with this, he called all hands, and broke up the
+school, when there was no need of it. Such conduct is utterly subversive
+of school discipline, and--"
+
+"Excuse me, Mr. Hamblin, but as to-day is Sunday, I must defer hearing
+any more of your complaint until to-morrow," continued Mr. Lowington,
+rising from his chair.
+
+"I desire to have this question settled before I resume my position in
+the Josephine," said the professor, cut by the apparent coolness of the
+principal.
+
+"I will hear what Captain Kendall has to say about it."
+
+"Sir," exclaimed the learned gentleman, "am I to understand that you are
+not satisfied with the truth of my statement?"
+
+"By no means. I wish to hear from Captain Kendall his excuse for leaving
+the class. I am not able to determine whether it was satisfactory."
+
+"I have already determined that question myself. I think I observed to
+you that there was not a sufficient excuse for his leaving the class."
+
+"I will defer the discussion of the matter till to-morrow," replied Mr.
+Lowington.
+
+"I do not object to the delay, sir; but I do object to having any of the
+statements of the pupil counterbalance those I have made."
+
+"Do you wish me to condemn him without a hearing?"
+
+"I do not wish you to condemn him at all. I simply ask to be sustained
+in the discharge of my duty as a teacher."
+
+"I will hear what more you have to say to-morrow, Mr. Hamblin."
+
+"Very well, sir; but you must allow me to remain on board of the ship
+until to-morrow, for I cannot return to the Josephine till this
+unpleasant matter has been adjusted."
+
+"As you please," replied the principal, as he hastened on deck, where a
+cheer, half suppressed in deference to the day, had a few moments before
+been heard.
+
+As Paul came down from the rail of the ship, he was greeted with
+applause; for, without knowing what had occurred after they lost sight
+of the consort, the students in the ship realized that Paul had taken
+his vessel safely through the storm. He bowed and blushed at this
+demonstration, and hastened to meet Mr. Lowington, who was just coming
+up from his interview with the professor. He had purposely delayed his
+passage to the ship, in order to afford Mr. Hamblin time to make his
+charges. It was plain that he had done so now, and Paul was not a little
+anxious for the result.
+
+"Captain Kendall, I am very glad to see you," said Mr. Lowington,
+warmly, as he extended his hand to the young commander.
+
+"Thank you, sir; I am just as glad to see you," replied Paul, taking the
+proffered hand, and concluding that the professor had not materially
+prejudiced the principal against him.
+
+"I have been very anxious about you, Captain Kendall," added Mr.
+Lowington. "I have imagined that all sorts of terrible things had
+happened to you and the Josephine. Is all well on board?"
+
+"Yes, sir; but we are all very tired. We were up all night, and the crew
+had to work very hard."
+
+"All night?"
+
+"We went to the assistance of that galiot, sir. We saved four persons,
+and brought the vessel in, as you see her now. She was knocked down in
+the squall, and lost two men. We found her on her beam-ends."
+
+"Indeed, Captain Kendall, you have had your hands full," replied Mr.
+Lowington, pleased with the gallant conduct of his young friend.
+
+"The captain of the galiot,--he has a name as long as the main
+royal-mast backstay, and I can't remember it,--the captain is on board
+of the Josephine, and wishes to see you very much. I referred the whole
+matter to you, sir."
+
+"I will see him at once."
+
+"He don't speak a word of English--only Dutch."
+
+"Mr. Fluxion speaks Dutch, and he shall go with me. I will return with
+you in your boat," added the principal.
+
+The professor of mathematics was called, and they embarked in the
+Josephine's gig. On the way Paul briefly detailed the events which had
+occurred since the squall came on, explaining the means by which the
+shipwrecked party had been saved, and the vessel righted. He generously
+bestowed great praise upon his officers and crew for their zealous
+efforts both in working the Josephine, and in saving the galiot and her
+crew.
+
+"I have been worried about you, Captain Kendall. You did not seem to be
+as prudent as usual when the storm was threatening. Ten minutes before
+the squall came up you had every rag of canvas set, including your fore
+square-sail. You ought to have reduced sail half an hour sooner,
+especially as there was no wind, and not a sail was drawing. You should
+have taken your precautions sooner, for you can't tell the precise
+moment when a hurricane will burst upon you. All light sails and all
+extra ones should be taken in when there is a possibility of a squall."
+
+"I was attending the Greek class," replied Paul; but he resolved to make
+no allusion to the difficulty between Mr. Hamblin and himself.
+
+Paul's reply gave the principal an idea of the occasion of the
+unpleasantness, but he refrained from any further remark on the subject.
+
+"The Dutch captain is much troubled about the salvage on his vessel, for
+the Belgian pilot told him the Josephine would be entitled to two thirds
+or three fourths of the property saved," continued Paul.
+
+"Salvage!" said the principal, with a smile. "Well, I suppose you are
+entitled to it."
+
+"I hope you will give the Dutchman the vessel and cargo. He feels very
+badly. He has lost a brother and a brother-in-law, and now he is afraid
+of losing nearly all that was saved. I hope you will not take any
+salvage. I am sure the Josephines would all vote to have you make no
+claim for it."
+
+"Excellent! I hope they will," replied the principal, as he ascended to
+the schooner's deck, followed by Mr. Fluxion and Paul.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER V.
+
+CAPTAIN SCHIMMELPENNINK.
+
+
+At the request of the principal, Mr. Fluxion acted as interpreter in the
+conversation with the Dutch skipper. The unfortunate man stated his
+case, and bewailed the heavy loss to which he had been subjected by the
+tempest.
+
+"Call all hands, if you please, Captain Kendall," said Mr. Lowington,
+when he had heard the statement as translated by Mr. Fluxion.
+
+Paul gave the required order, and in a few moments the crew were at
+quarters. The principal took his place on the main hatch, and all the
+Josephines waited with interest to hear what he had to say.
+
+"Young gentlemen, since we parted company in the squall yesterday, I
+have suffered a great deal of anxiety on your account. The ship ran off
+before the gale, while the Josephine lay to. If you had not sailed to
+the southward after the tempest, we should not have lost sight of you
+for more than a few hours. I acknowledge that I reproached myself
+severely for intrusting the vessel to the sole care of students. But I
+find that she has been as well handled as though she had been under
+command of an old and experienced man. I wish to say to you that Captain
+Kendall has acquitted himself remarkably well in the emergency. Though
+he did not take in his light sails quite as soon as he should,
+everything else was done with the skill and prudence of a veteran."
+
+At this point the students on board, who knew very well why Paul had not
+taken in the light sails sooner, looked at one another and smiled
+significantly. The difficulty between the professor and the captain had
+been fully discussed among them, and it hardly need be said that Paul
+was fully justified by his shipmates.
+
+"I want to add," continued the principal, "that the conduct of Captain
+Kendall--with the exception I have mentioned--is fully and cordially
+approved. I must say that his behavior, his skill and energy, seem fully
+to justify the experiment undertaken in the Josephine. Your commander
+has made a full report of the vessel, and it gives me great pleasure to
+say that he awards the highest praise to his officers and crew for their
+zeal and fidelity. He informs me that officers and seamen labored with
+untiring energy to rescue the unfortunate persons on board of the
+galiot, and also to save the vessel itself. These efforts have been
+entirely successful.
+
+"It is at all times the duty of the seaman to save life and property on
+the high seas. No one knows how soon we may need the kind offices of
+brother sailors of any nation; and what we expect to receive from others
+we should at all times be prepared to render to them. You have done
+nobly. I congratulate you upon your success; and I thank you for the
+zeal with which you have discharged your several duties. Nothing so much
+as the dependence of one seaman upon another, in the hour of shipwreck
+and disaster, unites the seamen of all nations in one fraternity. Young
+gentlemen, you have done something for your ship, and something for your
+country; for every true American feels proud and happy when he learns
+that an American vessel has saved even a single shipwrecked mariner. I
+am sure your friends will be proud of you when they read your record for
+the last twenty-four hours.
+
+"According to maritime law, young gentlemen, you are entitled to salvage
+upon the vessel you have saved. Under ordinary circumstances, you would
+be justified in claiming from one half to three fourths of the value of
+this vessel. The galiot, I am informed, was not insured. The value of
+the vessel and cargo is perhaps four or five thousand dollars. I have no
+doubt the court would give you what would amount to two or three
+thousand dollars, at least; for without assistance the vessel would
+probably have been a total loss.
+
+"Captain Schimmelpennink, I am told, is the sole owner of the 'Wel
+tevreeden.' He and his family lived on board of her. It was their only
+home, and she was their only worldly possession. At an expense of a few
+hundred dollars, he can restore her to her original condition. If sold
+in her present state, she would not bring half her actual value.
+Deducting the salvage from this amount, the unfortunate captain would
+lose at least three fourths of his property, the accumulation of his
+lifetime."
+
+"We'll no rob the poor mon," interposed McLeish, the Scotch boy, who was
+now on his good behavior.
+
+"It will be no robbery, McLeish. You would take but your just dues,"
+replied the principal, with a smile.
+
+"We'll no tak it," added McLeish.
+
+"No, sir!" "No, sir!" "No, sir!" responded the students in every
+direction.
+
+"Not a dollar of it, sir!" said Paul, warmly.
+
+"Thank you, young gentlemen," continued Mr. Lowington, whose face
+indicated the pleasure he felt. "You have voluntarily suggested what I
+was about to propose to you. To-day is Sunday, and your conduct is
+worthy of the day. I should not have mentioned the matter until
+to-morrow, if I had not desired to relieve the unfortunate captain from
+his anxiety and suspense. Your conduct will gladden his heart. We will
+take a vote on this question, that there may be no mistake in regard to
+your intentions. Those in favor of abandoning the claim for salvage will
+signify it by raising the right hand."
+
+Every hand was raised, and most of the boys added an emphatic "Ay!" to
+the hand vote.
+
+"All up!" shouted the students, looking around them to find any one who
+was behind the others in this benevolent deed.
+
+"Every one," replied Mr. Lowington, smiling. "Mr. Fluxion, I will thank
+you to communicate to the master of the galiot the action of the ship's
+company."
+
+The Dutchman stood watching the proceedings of the party with a look of
+sad bewilderment. His wife and daughter were near him, as sad and
+confused as himself. The boys looked at him with interest as the
+professor of mathematics explained to him what had taken place. The
+expression which lighted up his face, as he comprehended the action of
+the students, was an ample reward for their generous conduct.
+
+"Tell him he may take possession of his vessel as soon as he pleases,"
+added the principal.
+
+Mr. Fluxion communicated this permission to the skipper; and when he
+heard it he cast a longing glance at the "Wel tevreeden," which he
+seemed to regard in the same light as his wife and daughter.
+
+"How much will it cost to repair the galiot?" asked one of the students,
+stepping forward from a group which had been whispering together for a
+moment very earnestly.
+
+"I do not know the price of materials in Holland," replied Mr.
+Lowington. "Perhaps the captain and the pilot may be able to give you
+some information on this subject."
+
+Mr. Fluxion, the pilot, and the master of the galiot consulted together
+for some time. The jib and foresail, and a portion of the standing and
+running rigging, had been saved, and the Belgian and the Dutchman made a
+computation of the cost of labor and material.
+
+"About twelve hundred guilders," said Mr. Lowington, after Mr. Fluxion
+had reported the result of the conference.
+
+"How much is that, sir?" asked one of the boys, blankly.
+
+"One hundred pounds, English," said Paul, who had already studied up
+Dutch currency. "About five hundred dollars."
+
+"I move you, sir, that a subscription paper be opened to raise the money
+to repair the galiot," said Lynch.
+
+"Second the motion," added Groesbeck.
+
+"Young gentlemen, I think you have done all that could be expected of
+you," said Mr. Lowington. "I do not mean to represent to you that
+Captain Schimmelpennink is an object of charity, though I am informed
+that he has not the means of paying for these repairs. But, since you
+desire it, I will put the matter to vote."
+
+The motion was carried unanimously, as the one remitting the claim for
+salvage had been. The principal suggested that it was proper to appoint
+a committee to attend to the subscriptions; and Terrill, Pelham, and
+Lynch were appointed to perform this duty. Nothing was said to the
+skipper of the galiot about this proposition; and Mr. Lowington having
+warmly commended the students for their generous sympathy with the
+unfortunate man, the crew were dismissed.
+
+A boat was sent to the "Wel tevreeden" with the captain and his party.
+The subscription paper was immediately opened. Terrill took the paper to
+Mr. Lowington first, who headed it with sixty guilders. The principal
+and the students seemed to make their financial calculations in English
+money, on the basis of twelve guilders to the pound. Mr. Fluxion put
+down twenty-four guilders, and the students twelve guilders each; for no
+one was willing to be behind the others.
+
+Mr. Lowington returned to the ship; and when dinner was over, most of
+the Josephines turned in, for there was a fearful gaping on board as
+soon as the excitement had subsided. Hardly any of the crew had closed
+their eyes during the preceding night, and all of them were very tired.
+
+At five o'clock, the white flag containing a blue cross, which is the
+signal for divine service, appeared on the Young America. The service
+had been postponed, to enable the Josephines to obtain a little needed
+rest: it was never dispensed with except at sea, in very heavy weather.
+Though the religious exercises were made unusually impressive by Mr.
+Agneau, after the storm and the wreck, it must be confessed that some of
+the consort's company went to sleep during the hour; but they were
+forgiven, even by the chaplain, when their zealous labors to save life
+and property were considered.
+
+For some reason of his own, Mr. Lowington invited the Dutch skipper and
+his family to attend the service, and a boat was sent for the party.
+They came on board, and were regarded with deep interest by the crew,
+though doubtless they were not much edified by the exercises, as they
+knew not a word of English.
+
+"Captain Kendall," said the first lieutenant of the schooner, when they
+returned to their cabin, "I think I have money enough to build a new
+galiot for Captain Schumblefungus, or whatever his name is. I don't
+wonder that a man with such a name as that should be cast away,
+especially if the mate had to speak it before he let go the halyards."
+
+"How much have you?" asked Paul.
+
+"I don't know," replied Terrill, producing a whole bundle of money
+orders, with which the students had paid their subscriptions. "Mr.
+Lowington made a speech to the Young Americans after he returned on
+board. He told them what we had done, and what we intended to do. The
+fellows in the ship wanted to have a finger in the pie; and I believe
+every one of them has put down his twelve guilders."
+
+"I am very glad to hear that; for I pitied the Dutch captain from the
+bottom of my heart," added Paul.
+
+"All the professors gave twelve guilders, except old Hamblin--"
+
+"Professor Hamblin," interposed Paul, gently rebuking his friend for
+using that disrespectful appellative.
+
+"Professor Hamblin; but I have no respect for him, and I can't always
+help speaking what I think. He is a solemn old lunatic, as grouty as a
+crab that has got aground."
+
+"We will not speak of him," said Paul, mildly.
+
+"Well, they all subscribed except him; and I'm sure I've got more than
+twelve hundred guilders. Why, even the cooks and stewards gave
+something."
+
+"I'm glad you have been so fortunate."
+
+"Captain Spunkenfungle's eyes will stick out a foot or two when he hears
+what we have done for him."
+
+"And I'm sure we shall be as happy as he; for such gifts, you know, are
+twice blessed."
+
+The sums on the subscription papers were added up by Terrill and Pelham.
+
+"Sixteen hundred and fifty-four guilders!" exclaimed the former, when
+the result had been reached.
+
+"Four hundred and fifty-four guilders more than the sum required," added
+Paul, delighted by the intelligence.
+
+"Shall we give it all to the skipper?" asked Pelham.
+
+"I don't know. We will leave that to Mr. Lowington," replied Paul.
+
+"I don't think we ought to give him any more than enough to make up his
+loss. That would tempt him to wreck his galiot again, if there was an
+American flag in sight," said Terrill.
+
+"I see no reason why he should be left any better off than before the
+disaster," continued the captain. "We can keep the money as a charity
+fund; and I have no doubt we shall soon find a chance to make good use
+of it."
+
+The embarrassment of having a surplus was better than that of a
+deficiency would have been, and the sleepy officers of the Josephine
+were not likely to be kept awake by it. All hands turned in at an
+earlier hour than usual. The anchor watch were as sleepy as the others;
+but the discipline of the vessel was rigidly adhered to, for the
+principal did not believe in neglecting any necessary precaution simply
+because the crew were tired. As seamen, the students were taught to
+realize that fatigue and want of sleep on shipboard would not justify
+any disregard of their regular routine duty.
+
+In the morning everything went on as usual. It had not been the
+intention of Mr. Lowington to put into Flushing, and no one was allowed
+to go on shore. The wind was fortunately fresh from the westward; the
+pilots were still on board; and the signal for sailing was hoisted on
+board of the Young America. Just before the squadron weighed anchor, Mr.
+Fluxion went on board of the galiot, and informed the skipper that all
+the expenses of the repairs of his vessel would be paid by the students
+of the institution. The professor reported that the poor man was beside
+himself with joy when he received this intelligence. He expressed his
+gratitude in extravagant terms, which had no English equivalents. Mr.
+Fluxion gave him eighty pounds in gold, and promised to see him again
+before the repairs were completed.
+
+Orders to weigh anchor were given, and the two vessels stood out of the
+port of Flushing into the broad river. At Paul's invitation, Dr.
+Winstock came on board for the passage up the river. Mr. Hamblin still
+remained a guest of the ship, and the surgeon volunteered to take his
+place, though he acknowledged that his Greek roots were little better
+than decayed stumps in his memory.
+
+There is nothing picturesque on the Scheldt; and it was no great
+hardship for the students to be compelled to attend to their lessons in
+the steerage half the time during the trip. The country is very
+low--some of it below the level of the sea; and there was little to be
+seen on shore, though the students on deck found enough to interest
+them.
+
+Mr. Hamblin was the only unhappy person in the squadron, even the
+Knights of the Red Cross finding enough in this new and strange land to
+occupy their time without plotting mischief. The learned gentleman did
+not like the way in which the principal appeared to be "sustaining" him.
+Mr. Lowington had called the crew together, and told them what the
+Josephines had done, praising them in what seemed to the professor to be
+the most extravagant language. He did not like it: it was hardly less
+than an insult to commend the student against whom he had preferred
+charges of disobedience and insubordination.
+
+He was vexed that no notice was taken of his complaints--that the matter
+had been deferred a single hour. In his opinion, Captain Kendall should
+have been promptly suspended. The moral effect of such a course would
+have been grand. Mr. Hamblin had spoken; and he felt that he had spoken.
+If he was not sustained, he could not return to the Josephine. He had
+spoken; and it was the principal's place to speak next.
+
+Mr. Lowington did not speak. He was busy all the morning; and when the
+vessels sailed, not a word had been said in allusion to the topic which,
+in Mr. Hamblin's estimation, overshadowed all others. If the principal
+did not think of it all the time, he ought to do so; for the academic
+branch of the institution would be a failure if discipline was not
+enforced. The ship stood on her way before the fresh westerly breeze,
+and still Mr. Lowington did not mention the matter. The professor waited
+till he felt he was utterly ignored, and was sacrificing his dignity
+every moment that he permitted the question to remain unsettled.
+
+"Mr. Lowington," said he at last, with a mighty effort,--for it was the
+principal's duty to speak first,--"I made a complaint to you yesterday.
+Thus far no notice whatever seems to have been taken of it."
+
+"Perhaps the longer we wait the easier it will be to settle the
+question," replied Mr. Lowington, pleasantly, though he dreaded the
+discussion that must ensue.
+
+"If I am not to be sustained in the discharge of my duties, it is
+useless for me to attempt to perform them to your satisfaction or my
+own."
+
+"You shall be sustained in the discharge of your duties, Mr. Hamblin.
+But we will discuss this matter in the cabin, if you please," added the
+principal, as he led the way below.
+
+"Unless an instructor is sustained, of course he can do nothing," said
+the professor, as he seated himself in the cabin.
+
+"Certainly not. I will hear your complaint now, Mr. Hamblin," replied
+the principal.
+
+The learned gentleman stated his grievance in about the same terms as on
+the day before.
+
+"You say that a message was sent down to the captain. Do you know what
+that message was?" asked the principal.
+
+"I do not remember it precisely. It was something about a squall."
+
+"Very likely it was," answered Mr. Lowington, dryly. "There was a squall
+coming up at the time--was there not?"
+
+"I knew there was a shower coming up."
+
+"You declined to let him go on deck?"
+
+"I did, sir. The recitation in Greek was not half finished," replied the
+professor, who deemed this a sufficient reason for declining.
+
+"Captain Kendall did not go on deck when the first message was sent
+down?"
+
+"No, sir; we continued the recitation for half an hour longer without
+interruption. Then the messenger came again. I told Mr. Kendall not to
+leave the class; but, in direct opposition to my order, he went on
+deck. Not satisfied with this, though he knew that half the students
+were engaged in the recitations, he ordered all hands to be called. Of
+course the students were glad enough to get away from their lessons; and
+all of them stampeded from the steerage, in spite of my protest, and
+without even a word of apology."
+
+"Did they?" added Mr. Lowington, with difficulty avoiding the disrespect
+of laughing in the face of the learned gentleman.
+
+"They did; and it must be as clear to you as it is to me, that such
+conduct is utterly subversive of anything like good discipline."
+
+"May I ask what punishment you propose as suitable for such an offence
+as that of Captain Kendall?"
+
+"I am perfectly willing to leave that matter to you, sir; but I should
+think that simple suspension from his office would be sufficient,
+considering the position of Mr. Kendall."
+
+"Mr. Hamblin, it is your misfortune, not your fault, that you were
+brought up on shore instead of at sea," added the principal. "You have
+made a very great mistake, sir."
+
+"I, sir!" exclaimed the learned gentleman, springing up from his seat as
+though such an event as that indicated by Mr. Lowington had never
+occurred in his life.
+
+"Captain Kendall also made a mistake," continued the principal.
+
+"He did indeed, sir. It is always a very great mistake to disobey one's
+teacher."
+
+"I do not mean that."
+
+"May I ask what you do mean, sir?"
+
+"His mistake was in not going on deck when the messenger sent to him by
+the officer of the deck reported that a squall was coming up."
+
+"But I refused the permission," said the professor, warmly.
+
+"Then he should have gone without your permission," added Mr. Lowington,
+decidedly.
+
+"Am I to understand, sir, that you counsel disobedience among the boys
+on the Josephine?"
+
+"No, sir; I counsel obedience to the laws of God and man, and to the
+orders of one's superior. Mr. Hamblin, is it possible that you could not
+understand the circumstances of that occasion?" continued the principal.
+"A squall was coming up, and you desired to detain the captain of your
+vessel in the steerage!"
+
+"But half the crew were on deck. I am told that Mr. Terrill is a
+competent seaman. He knew enough to take down the sails, if necessary."
+
+"Such a course would have been without a precedent, and in violation of
+one of the rules of the ship."
+
+"Did you not tell me that all the students, including the captain,--you
+mentioned him especially,--were subject to the orders of the professors
+in school hours?"
+
+"I certainly did; but if I had supposed that there was an instructor in
+either vessel so utterly wanting in discretion, I should have qualified
+the statement. Captain Kendall is in command of the Josephine. He is
+responsible for the safety of the vessel and for the lives of those on
+board."
+
+"He might have sent up word to take down the sails," growled Mr.
+Hamblin, disgusted beyond measure at the decision of the principal.
+
+"Did any one ever hear of a captain working his vessel while in the
+steerage?" retorted Mr. Lowington, impatiently, as he took a pen and
+wrote a few lines on a sheet of paper. "Was Captain Kendall respectful
+to you?"
+
+"No, sir."
+
+"What did he say that was disrespectful?"
+
+"Disobedience is always disrespectful. He used no disrespectful words."
+
+"I did not suppose he did. In a word, if Captain Kendall had gone on
+deck when the first messenger went to him, I should have justified and
+sustained him. I will go a step farther: he ought to have done so."
+
+"Then I am to understand that I am a mere cipher on board of the
+Josephine," demanded Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"You are to understand, sir, that the first duty of the captain of a
+ship is to his vessel and to those on board of her. Why, sir, I thought
+the young gentleman was insane, and I was intensely anxious, when I saw
+his vessel with all her light sails on while a squall, so clearly
+indicated as that of Saturday, was impending. I blamed him very much.
+The squall was as likely to come half an hour sooner as when it did
+come. If it had struck her with all sail set, it would have taken the
+masts out of her--perhaps foundered her. If several of the students had
+been lost, what satisfaction would it be to me or their friends to know
+that the disaster occurred because the professor of Greek refused to let
+the captain go on deck!"
+
+"Perhaps I was wrong, sir."
+
+"_Perhaps_ you were! If you do not know that you were, you are not fit
+for the position to which I assigned you."
+
+"I see that you fully sustain Mr. Kendall," groaned the professor.
+
+"I only blame him because he did not disobey you the first time instead
+of the second."
+
+"Was it necessary for him to call all hands?" demanded Mr. Hamblin,
+triumphantly.
+
+"It was emphatically necessary! If he had gone on deck when the first
+message reached him, it might not have been necessary, though I should
+have sustained him in doing so; for the safest side is always the best
+side. May I ask you to read this order?" added the principal, as he
+handed the sheet upon which he had written to the learned professor.
+
+Mr. Hamblin read the order aloud.
+
+     Captain Kendall is hereby authorized and directed to leave any
+     class in which he may be engaged, whenever, in his own judgment,
+     the management of his vessel requires him to do so. The instructors
+     in the consort are requested to respect this order.
+
+                                                      R. LOWINGTON.
+
+
+
+Professor Hamblin dropped the paper, took off his spectacles, looked on
+the floor a moment, and seemed to feel that the nautical academy was not
+the paradise of schoolmasters.
+
+"Mr. Lowington, I feel obliged to tender my resignation of the position
+I occupy," said the learned gentleman, haughtily.
+
+"Very well, sir. Though the want of an instructor in your department
+will be a serious inconvenience to me, I shall accept your resignation
+if you are not willing to respect this order," replied the principal.
+
+That ended the conference, and Paul was sustained.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VI.
+
+PROFESSOR HAMBLIN CHANGES HIS MIND.
+
+
+Professor Hamblin went on deck, walked up and down, and made himself as
+miserable as possible. He was the senior instructor of the Josephine,
+and was the superintendent of her academic department. He had been a
+schoolmaster or a professor for forty years, and was fully steeped in
+the dogmatism of the pedagogue. He was disposed to be overbearing and
+tyrannical, though perhaps his profession, rather than his nature, had
+implanted this tendency in his character. Certainly the almost absolute
+sway of the schoolmaster encourages such an unfortunate development of
+the lower faculties of human nature.
+
+It is necessary that the parent or the teacher should have this absolute
+sway. Practically, his will is law, and the child has no alternative but
+to rebel or obey. The limit to his authority is only placed on the line
+where tyranny ends and actual abuse begins. It is true that public
+opinion has its influence upon the teacher or parent; but there is room
+for much petty oppression before the limit of endurance is reached. A
+man may be an efficient teacher, and produce splendid intellectual
+results, while he is a tyrant and an oppressor; indeed, his tyranny and
+oppression may be the very means by which his success is accomplished.
+
+The rights of the pupil are not recognized by such men. The scholar is
+regarded as a machine, rather than an immortal soul. Though Mr. Hamblin
+was a very pious man, in his own way, and was very careful in his
+observance of all the forms of law and tradition, he was a tyrant at
+heart. He ruled with an iron will, and willingly suffered no one in the
+school-room to hold an opinion different from his own. He was not
+popular in the Josephine; he had never been a popular teacher anywhere,
+though he had been a successful one, so far as intellectual results were
+concerned. His success seemed to justify him, and certainly it added to
+the strength of his tyrannical will.
+
+The good schoolmaster recognizes and respects the rights of the scholar.
+While he is an unflinching disciplinarian, expecting an unquestioning
+obedience, he does not believe in his own infallibility. He is kind and
+considerate, and regards his pupil as an embryo man, "endowed with
+certain inalienable rights," which none may trample upon with impunity.
+He is both just and merciful, his heart being filled with love to God
+and love to man.
+
+Such was not Mr. Hamblin. The greatest sin of a student was to have a
+will of his own. He had not the power or the inclination to harmonize
+that will with the requirements of duty, and he broke it down, not by
+coarse abuse, but by making the pupil so uncomfortable that a total
+submission was better than a reasonable independence. In mild-tempered
+boys, like Paul Kendall, the task was an easy one, when no principle was
+at stake.
+
+The professor walked up and down the deck, brooding over his grievances.
+He could not afford to abandon his situation on the one hand, and it
+seemed impossible to acknowledge that he was wholly wrong on the other
+hand. When he had thoroughly cooled off, he was willing to own that it
+was necessary for the captain to go on deck, and that if he had
+comprehended the situation he should have given him permission to do so.
+But he knew nothing about the management of a vessel. How should a
+professor of Greek and Latin be expected to understand a matter which
+even the most ignorant could comprehend, and of which even a boy of
+sixteen had made himself master? Boys could play base-ball, but he did
+not know how; and it seemed just as much beneath his dignity to be
+familiar with practical navigation.
+
+He was sorry now that he had not given Captain Kendall permission to go
+on deck; for it was impossible to refute the arguments of the principal;
+but at the same time he had not overstepped the duties of his office. He
+had been informed that all the students, even to the captain, were
+subject to his will and pleasure during school hours, and therefore he
+had a perfect right to detain the captain. It was not his fault that a
+blunder had been made; he had not made it.
+
+The order which Mr. Lowington had shown him would remedy the difficulty
+in future, and prevent its repetition; but if that order was
+promulgated, it would assure the pupils that Captain Kendall had been
+fully sustained, and that the professor had not been sustained. Mr.
+Hamblin shuddered at the thought; for justifying a student at the
+expense of the instructor was an enormity which he could not
+countenance. The captain's will would remain unbroken, and the professor
+would occupy a secondary position on board of the Josephine.
+
+The learned gentleman walked the deck hour after hour, endeavoring to
+devise a plan by which he could return to his position without the
+sacrifice of any portion of his dignity. Mr. Lowington, in saying that
+the professor's resignation would be a serious inconvenience to him, had
+left the door open for him to revise his final action. The squadron was
+eventually to visit Greece and other classic lands, and he was very
+anxious to continue his travels, not only without expense to himself,
+but while in the receipt of a handsome salary. Such an opportunity to
+see Europe could never again be presented to him, and he was not willing
+to sacrifice it.
+
+Professor Hamblin was becoming more reasonable; but there was the
+untamed will of Captain Kendall, an unconquered fortress, in his path.
+Perhaps Mr. Lowington, now that the excitement of the first interview
+had subsided, might help him out of the embarrassing dilemma, though his
+decided manner was not very encouraging. The professor determined to
+have another interview, and as soon as he saw the principal alone he
+opened the subject again.
+
+"What you said about my resignation, Mr. Lowington, gives me some
+uneasiness. It is not my wish to subject you to any inconvenience by
+leaving you, in a foreign land, where much delay must necessarily ensue
+before you can obtain a suitable person to fill my place," said he, in a
+tone of embarrassment.
+
+"It would disturb my plans very much; but I cannot endanger the vessel
+and the lives of those on board of her. The position of Captain Kendall
+is anomalous, you will perceive."
+
+"I am quite willing now to say that if I had understood the situation, I
+should have permitted Mr. Kendall to leave the class."
+
+"And I am quite willing to say that your services as an instructor are
+entirely satisfactory to me," added the principal, with a smile.
+
+They were more satisfactory to him than they were to the students of the
+Josephine.
+
+"Then we seem to be in full accord with each other on these points,"
+replied the professor, hopefully. "I trust some arrangement may be made
+to reconcile the differences of opinion on the question of discipline.
+You do not sustain me, Mr. Lowington."
+
+"I cannot, sir. If I did, I should expect the Josephine to go to the
+bottom with all on board, in the first gale of wind she encounters,
+should Captain Kendall happen to be reciting his Greek at the time."
+
+"I think I understand the matter better now, and in a similar emergency
+I should permit him to leave the class."
+
+"In matters of seamanship and navigation, I have more confidence in the
+judgment of Captain Kendall than in yours. He must be absolute in his
+position as captain of the vessel."
+
+"Of course, sir; and in the composition of a soup doubtless you would
+have more confidence in the judgment of your cook than in mine," added
+the professor, cynically; for, intellectually, the cook and the captain
+appeared to be on the same level to him; and as a professor of Greek, he
+did not regard it as any more derogatory to his dignity not to know
+anything of the principles of seamanship than to be ignorant of the art
+of making a soup.
+
+"The order which I have written, and which I shall transmit to Captain
+Kendall as soon as the squadron comes to anchor, will set the matter
+right," said Mr. Lowington.
+
+"Do you insist on issuing that order?" asked Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"I do."
+
+"Let me say that Mr. Stoute did not indorse my course, and that in
+future I will give Mr. Kendall permission to leave the class whenever he
+desires to do so."
+
+"That is very well, sir; but, under the circumstances, I cannot permit
+the captain to be embarrassed even by the necessity of asking
+permission. If, by any diffidence on his part, he should delay asking
+leave to go on deck, serious mishaps might occur."
+
+"Then I am to be subject to the will of that boy?" said the professor,
+disgusted at the thought.
+
+"Not unless you are connected with the sailing department of the vessel.
+You are simply prevented from exercising your will over him, to the
+detriment of his duties as a navigator."
+
+"In this light the case looks different to me," added the professor, who
+was laboring to recede from his position as gracefully as possible. "I
+am willing to permit the captain to have his own will in all matters
+pertaining to the management of the vessel, as I am to allow the cook
+entire freedom in making his soup."
+
+"Then nothing more need be said, and you can resume your position on
+board of the Josephine at once."
+
+"I am not entirely satisfied about that order, Mr. Lowington," added Mr.
+Hamblin.
+
+"Why not?"
+
+"Because that sustains Mr. Kendall and condemns me in a public and
+formal manner."
+
+"That is precisely what I intend to do."
+
+"It amounts to sacrificing me, by placing me in a derogatory position. I
+have not transcended the power given me, and it is not right that I
+should be formally condemned."
+
+"The order passes no judgment upon the past; it relates to the future
+only. Captain Kendall must understand that he has full liberty to go
+when and where he pleases, in the discharge of his duty. I am confident
+he will not abuse this liberty."
+
+"But I am to stand before him in this business as a whipped puppy.
+Couldn't you give him the order verbally, and explain my position to
+him?"
+
+"What is your position?" demanded the principal, with a smile.
+
+"I mean simply that in detaining him I erred through a want of knowledge
+of seamanship."
+
+"I can explain that; but I think it would be better for you to do so."
+
+"For me!" gasped the professor. "Why, sir, that would be an apology!"
+
+"It would be merely an explanation, which would come more gracefully
+from you than from any other person."
+
+"I don't think so, sir. It would be lowering myself before him."
+
+"As you please, Mr. Hamblin. I will explain the matter myself, when I
+give him the order."
+
+"If you could give him the order verbally, it would be better."
+
+"No; he must have the written order to show to any professor who
+disputes his authority. But Captain Kendall will never give you any
+trouble. He is manly and gentle, and he will not take advantage of his
+position."
+
+"I think he will have abundant ground to manifest his triumph."
+
+"He will not do anything of the kind. If any officer of the Josephine
+treats you with disrespect, he shall be suspended at once from office."
+
+"That is very proper, sir," added Mr. Hamblin, heartily.
+
+The learned gentleman let himself down as easily as possible. He had
+consented to remain rather than subject the principal to the great
+inconvenience and delay of procuring a new instructor. Captain Kendall
+was to be independent only in the sailing department, in which he had no
+disposition to interfere, any more than with the cook. He regarded it as
+a bitter necessity which compelled him to return to the Josephine; for
+he could not forego the pecuniary advantage and the opportunity of
+visiting the classic lands which the voyage presented; but, though he
+yielded with what grace he could command, he was dissatisfied with Mr.
+Lowington, and more dissatisfied with Paul.
+
+To go back to the consort unsustained was almost like going to a dungeon
+for a capital crime, to which nothing but personal interest induced him
+to submit. If the captain did not enjoy his triumph, it would be a
+degree of forbearance which he could not comprehend. But he was quite
+certain that the captain would "put on airs," abuse his absolute
+liberty, and perhaps snub his teacher before the class. Mr. Hamblin
+expected this, and made up his mind to be on the lookout for it.
+
+After dinner Mr. Lowington suggested that his services must be much
+needed on board of the Josephine, and proposed to send him to her at
+once. Mr. Hamblin consented, and as the consort kept astern of the ship,
+the latter was hove to, and the professor's barge lowered. Mr. Lowington
+went with the learned gentleman, and agreeably to his promise, made a
+full explanation to Paul, while the instructor, without a word to any
+one, hastened to the steerage, and called his class, just as though
+nothing had occurred. It was observed that he was unusually sour,
+crabbed, and precise, and all the students were anxious to know how the
+question of discipline had been settled.
+
+"Read this order, if you please, Captain Kendall," said the principal,
+when he had conducted him to the cabin, where they were alone.
+
+"I have no desire to leave my class, unless my duty to the vessel
+requires it," added Paul, after he had read the order.
+
+"I did not suppose you had; but you will keep that order in your pocket,
+and remember that your first duty is to your ship and crew."
+
+"I suppose you have learned by this time, sir, the reason why we did not
+take in sail sooner on Saturday," continued Paul, blushing deeply.
+
+"I have. Professor Hamblin feels very badly about this matter. At the
+time of it, he believed he was right, for he knows less about a vessel
+than even the chaplain of the ship. He acknowledges now that he was in
+error. Our rules did not before apply with sufficient distinctness to
+your particular case, as captain of the vessel, responsible for her
+proper navigation. Mr. Hamblin did not overstep the letter of his duty
+in refusing you permission to go on deck, and I only blame him for his
+want of judgment. By this order, which corrects the ship's rules, you
+are made independent in all matters relating to the management of the
+vessel."
+
+"I think there can be no trouble now, sir," replied Paul, delighted to
+find that his conduct was approved.
+
+"I hope not; and I do not expect any."
+
+Mr. Lowington returned to the ship, satisfied that he had healed the
+wounds of both the sufferers. Paul was happy, and he determined to treat
+the professor with the utmost deference and kindness, and thus remove
+the remembrance of the difficulty. At four o'clock, after the squadron
+had passed Beveland, and entered the Belgian territory, Paul went down
+to recite his Greek, as usual. He could not help seeing that Mr.
+Hamblin's lip quivered, and that he was laboring under strong emotions,
+when he took his place at the mess table. The captain was hardly less
+embarrassed, but he hoped an opportunity would soon occur for him to
+perform some kind act for the irritated gentleman.
+
+When the recitation was nearly finished, and both parties had recovered
+their self-possession, the vessel gave a sudden "bump," which nearly
+tipped the professor off his stool; but he righted himself, and was too
+much absorbed in his favorite study to think of the incident for a
+moment.
+
+"Mr. Terrill directs me to report to you that the vessel is aground!"
+said one of the midshipmen, in breathless haste, touching his cap to the
+captain.
+
+Paul blushed deeply, and was intensely annoyed at this repetition of the
+circumstances of Saturday; but there was no alternative but for him to
+go on deck.
+
+"Will you excuse me, Mr. Hamblin?" asked Paul, rising.
+
+The professor bowed, but made no reply in words. He wondered if the
+vessel had not been run aground on purpose to mortify and annoy him. He
+was inclined to think that such was the case, and that it had been done
+to enable the captain to display his absolute authority.
+
+Paul went on deck; but the pilot assured him that the accident would not
+subject the vessel to half an hour's delay, for the tide was rising very
+rapidly. He had run her a little too near a shoal, while the Young
+America, by keeping in mid channel, had gone clear. There was nothing
+for the captain to do on deck, and he returned to his class. The
+Josephine came off the ground within the half hour, and by putting on
+more sail overhauled the ship before she reached Antwerp.
+
+"Here is the city, Paul," said Dr. Winstock, as the Josephine rounded a
+bend in the river. "You can see the spire of Antwerp Cathedral."
+
+"I see it, sir. I have heard a great deal about it. This is farther than
+we have been from the sea since we sailed."
+
+"Yes, it is a long pull from the sea for a sailing vessel; but Antwerp
+is the only convenient port for visiting the greater part of Belgium. We
+are only a short distance from Brussels, Ghent, Malines, and Liege. I
+suppose we shall visit no other port in Belgium; indeed, there is no
+other convenient one, except Ostend."
+
+"There is a whole fleet of British steamers at anchor opposite the
+town," said Paul, when the Josephine had gone a little farther.
+
+"A great many merchant steamers come up the river. There are regular
+lines to London and Harwich. By the latter route you may leave Antwerp
+at four in the afternoon and be in London at nine the next morning,
+though the Ostend or Calais line is quicker and better."
+
+"Those are large steamers," added Paul, as the squadron approached the
+fleet at anchor.
+
+"Why, that's the Victoria and Albert!" exclaimed the doctor, pointing to
+the largest of the ships. "That is the yacht of the Queen of England."
+
+"It is a pretty large yacht," replied Paul. "What are the other
+steamers?"
+
+"They are the consorts of the yacht. The one that lies nearest to her is
+the Osborne, which was formerly the queen's state vessel. The others are
+merely a kind of guard of honor."
+
+"Does it take five steamships to bring the queen over to Antwerp?" asked
+Paul, laughing.
+
+"She must go in state when she goes," added the doctor. "The Victoria
+and Albert is a ship of twenty-four hundred tons. I hope we shall have
+an opportunity to go on board of her."
+
+"I hope we shall; but that is hardly to be expected."
+
+"They do not exhibit her when she is in English waters, but I think they
+do when she is abroad."
+
+"All ready to moor ship, Mr. Terrill," said Paul, as the Young America
+gave the signal.
+
+The Josephine ran up to a point near the ship, and within a couple of
+cables' length of the royal squadron let go her anchor. Port officers
+came on board, and explained the harbor regulations; among them, one
+whose duty it was to determine the amount due the pilot. This official
+"hooked" the vessel, or measured her draught. As the Josephine drew
+about ten feet of water, the charge was one hundred and ninety-eight
+francs.
+
+Everything was made snug on board; the ropes were carefully coiled, and
+all the running rigging hauled taut; for, lying near the queen's yacht,
+Paul desired to have the vessel present her best appearance. The work of
+the day was ended, and the students were at liberty to observe the
+strange scenes around them. There was the city of Antwerp, but it was
+not much different from any other city. The Scheldt formed a crescent in
+front of the town, and there was a multitude of vessels lying at the
+quays, as the space on the shore is called. The river is about fifteen
+hundred feet wide, and deep enough to float a ship of the line. The city
+is very strongly fortified, on both sides of the river.
+
+"Here we are, for a week or two," said Pelham to the first lieutenant,
+after all the ship's duty had been performed.
+
+"I suppose so," replied Terrill. "It seems to me just as though we had
+been sailing down hill ever since we came into the river. Hark!"
+
+It was just six o'clock, and the chime of bells on the great Cathedral
+played a silver-toned melody which was almost enchanting.
+
+"I should not object to hearing that every hour," said Pelham, when the
+tune was finished. "Do they play the same tune over again?"
+
+"I'm sure I don't know," replied Terrill.
+
+"They have a different tune for each hour of the day, and play the
+entire music of an opera," interposed Dr. Winstock. "They give a short
+strain at the quarter hour, and a longer one at the half hour."
+
+"That will be music all day long."
+
+"Yes, and all night long," added the surgeon, as he walked away with the
+captain.
+
+"I wish he were going to stay on board instead of that solemn old
+lunatic, the Greek and Latin humbug" said Terrill, who had a habit of
+speaking his mind very plainly.
+
+"Do you know how the row was settled between him and the captain?" asked
+Pelham.
+
+"I do not; but I am confident Mr. Lowington sustained the captain,"
+answered Terrill. "I was in hopes that we had got rid of him when he
+went on board of the ship yesterday, and I was mad when I saw him coming
+back to-day noon."
+
+"There is not a fellow in the Josephine that didn't have the same
+thought," added Pelham. "I don't see why a man need try to make himself
+as disagreeable as he does. All the students were willing to treat him
+with respect, and get their lessons well; but he is as crank as an
+alderman."
+
+"I wish we could get rid of him," suggested Terrill.
+
+"Of course we can't do that," replied Pelham, who was not disposed to
+get into any more scrapes.
+
+"We might make the Josephine uncomfortable for him," suggested Terrill.
+
+"We might; but I think we had better not," added the prudent Pelham,
+made wise by experience, as the bell for the cabin supper rang.
+
+Professor Hamblin looked unusually gloomy and morose, but he labored
+perseveringly to keep up his dignity. Paul sat at the head of the table,
+ordinarily with his officers on each side of him in the order of their
+rank; but on the present occasion, Dr. Winstock occupied the place at
+his right. At the opposite end of the board was Mr. Hamblin, with the
+fat professor on his right. Behind the captain's chair stood the head
+steward, while the second steward was stationed near the instructors.
+
+Mr. Hamblin occasionally cast a furtive glance at the young commander;
+but Paul seemed to be as composed as though nothing had happened to
+disturb the friendly relations between them. Though he did not observe
+it, Terrill persisted that the learned gentleman looked "ugly," and
+would make another row as soon as he could get a chance.
+
+"I can see through the mainsail when there is a hole in it," said the
+executive officer to Pelham, when they went on deck again. "If there
+wasn't mischief in Mr. Hamblin's eye, there never was mischief in any
+man's eye."
+
+"What do you mean?" asked Pelham.
+
+"You know the old lunatic threatened to have the captain suspended for
+leaving the class. He failed in that, and if he don't try it again, I'm
+mistaken in the man."
+
+"Of course he won't make any more complaints till he has something to
+complain of, and Paul won't give him a chance."
+
+"I don't suppose he will voluntarily; but his conduct will be distorted.
+I tell you the professor is ugly, and he hates the captain as badly as a
+Christian can."
+
+"He hasn't improved his popularity on board by what he has done."
+
+"Every fellow on the Josephine is down upon him. There'll be a row on
+board soon, in my opinion," added Terrill, as Dr. Winstock and Paul came
+on deck.
+
+A boat was lowered to send the surgeon on board the ship. Paul
+accompanied him; and on the way they went up to the gangway of the
+Victoria and Albert, and ascertained that visitors would be admitted to
+the ship on the following day, from ten till four.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VII.
+
+THE LECTURE ON BELGIUM.
+
+
+"All hands, attend lecture on board ship, ahoy!" shouted the boatswain
+of the Josephine, as the signal to this effect appeared on the Young
+America.
+
+Ordinarily this call was not an agreeable one; for the students had
+voted that it was "dull music" to listen to a stupid lecture on
+geography and history; but in the present instance it was not so. The
+information communicated in regard to England and Scotland was so
+familiar to them that it was robbed of its interest; but the
+school-books contained only very meagre allusions to Holland and
+Belgium. Many of them had read Mr. Motley's eloquent descriptions of the
+bravery and devotion to principle of the Dutch people in their civil
+wars and in their terrible conflict with the Spaniards, and they were
+desirous of knowing more about the country and its inhabitants.
+
+Holland is in itself an exceedingly interesting country. The students
+had seen something of its dikes and ditches, and were anxious to see
+more. The region seemed to be very much like a ship; for it was
+necessary to keep the water out as much as possible, and to pump out
+that which leaked in or rained in. The boys were to go on shore, and
+they desired to understand something of the history of the country, in
+order to appreciate the various objects which commemorated mighty events
+in the past. The citadel of Antwerp was in sight at a bend up the river,
+and they were curious to know its antecedents.
+
+On both vessels the libraries had been ransacked for information by the
+more enthusiastic of the pupils, and many interesting facts had been
+gleaned from the volumes; but those who knew the most about the country
+were the most anxious to know more. With only a few exceptions,
+therefore, the "call to lecture," on the present occasion, was a welcome
+one. The boats were lowered, and all hands in the Josephine, including
+the professors, went on board of the ship, leaving the vessel in charge
+of the adult forward officers.
+
+Mr. Mapps had already made his preparations in the steerage, and on the
+foremast hung a large Dutch map of the Netherlands. The students filed
+in and took their seats. The professor looked unusually pleasant and
+enthusiastic, probably because he felt that his wares were in demand.
+
+"Young gentlemen, before you is the map of the Netherlands," he began.
+"For our present purpose, the term must include both Holland and
+Belgium; for until 1830 the two were one country, the latter having had,
+for no long period, a separate political existence till that time.
+
+"The Dutch name of the country is _Nederlanden_; the French name,
+_Pays-Bas_; both of which have the same meaning--'low countries.' By
+this time you have realized the literal significance of the term; for
+nearly all the region consists of an immense low plain, intersected by
+rivers or arms of the sea. A reference to the physical geography of
+Europe shows you that the great northern plain, containing nine times
+the area of France, or about one half the area of Europe, extends from
+the Ural Mountains to the German Ocean.
+
+"Doubtless the whole region now included in the Netherlands was once a
+mere swamp, a wild and useless morass, unfit for the habitation of man.
+Three great rivers, you perceive on the map, have their course, in whole
+or in part, through Holland and Belgium--the Rhine, the Maas, or Meuse,
+and the Scheldt.
+
+"By a reference to your navigation charts, young gentlemen, you will
+often find banks and bars thrown up at the mouths of rivers. At the
+mouth of the Scheldt, several miles from the shore, there are Thornton's
+Ridge, The Rabs, Schouwen Bank, Steen Banks, and others of similar
+formation. At the mouth of the Mississippi, in our own country, you are
+aware that large vessels find great difficulty in getting over the bar.
+If we take a tumbler full of Mississippi water, after heavy rains in the
+north-west, and let it stand a few moments, a thick sediment settles at
+the bottom. This sediment forms the bar at the mouth of the river. The
+sand and mud are carried down by the current, and when the water has a
+chance to rest, it deposits its burden upon the bottom."
+
+"But why in that particular place?" asked an interested student.
+
+"Because the current of the river comes to a halt where it meets the
+inflowing tide of the gulf, or when it has spent its force. These bars
+are sometimes formed by currents resulting from the combined action of
+the sea and the flow of the river, or by winds. A heavy gale has been
+known to change the aspect of a coast, to shut up a harbor, or to open
+one where there had before been no inlet. Cape Cod presents some
+remarkable instances of these physical revolutions.
+
+"The great rivers of the Netherlands, in like manner, have brought down
+their sands and mud, and deposited them on what now forms the shore of
+the country. The forces of the ocean, against which the Dutchman of
+to-day has to contend for the preservation of his life and property,
+assisted in making this country a habitable region. Certain westerly and
+south-westerly winds drive the waters of the Atlantic into the German
+Ocean. The coast of the country, you see by the map, is exposed to the
+longest sweep of the wind from the north-west, and the most violent
+tempests to which Holland is exposed come from that direction. Now, what
+is the effect of these storms?"
+
+"They pile up the sand-bars," replied Captain Kendall.
+
+"Precisely so; the dunes and ridges of sand which border the country
+from the straits of Dover to the Texel are caused by these violent winds
+from the north-west. The effect of this piling up of the sands was
+eventually to limit, in a measure, the boundary of the sea. The dunes
+and ridges formed the foundation for the dikes which the industrious and
+persevering Dutchman has erected upon them, and by which he has made
+his country. For the want of time, I shall defer the physical features
+of Holland, and a more particular description of its dikes and ditches,
+to a future occasion. In what country are we now?"
+
+"In Belgium, sir," replied McLeish, who always answered when he could,
+though in general knowledge he was far behind his American classmates.
+
+"What is the French name?"
+
+"_La Belgique._"
+
+"The German?"
+
+"_Belgien._"
+
+"What is the French adjective?"
+
+"_Belge._"
+
+"There is a liberal newspaper published at Brussels, the capital of
+Belgium, which is often quoted as political authority in the United
+States, called the _Independance Belge_. What does the term mean?"
+
+"'The Belgian Independent,' or 'The Independent Belgian,'" laughed
+Pelham.
+
+"But the first word is a noun."
+
+"'The Belgian Freeman,' or something of that sort."
+
+"Doubtless it will bear that rendering, though it means literally
+'Belgian Independence.' Belgium is bounded on the north, and partly on
+the east, by Holland; mostly on the east by the Rhenish provinces of
+Prussia, forming a part of Germany; on the south-west by France; and on
+the north-west by the German Ocean. It has an area of eleven thousand
+three hundred and thirteen miles; that is, it is about the size of
+Maryland, or of Massachusetts and Connecticut united.
+
+"Its population in 1863 was about five millions, equal to the aggregate
+of New York and Massachusetts. In New England, in 1860, there were fifty
+persons to the square mile; in Massachusetts, which is the most densely
+peopled of the United States, one hundred and seventy; but Belgium has
+four hundred and forty souls to the square mile, and is the most
+thickly-settled country in the world.
+
+"Belgium contains nine provinces, the largest of which, in area, is
+Luxembourg, though it is one of the smallest in population. The largest
+in population is East Flanders."
+
+"Flanders!" exclaimed Terrill; "I was hoping you would say something
+about Flanders, for I had an idea it was Belgium."
+
+"It is a part of it. Flanders has belonged to France, Spain, Austria,
+and Holland, at times; but it was divided into two provinces by the King
+of Holland, and became a part of the United Kingdom of Belgium when it
+was established in 1830. It figures largely in history, and 'our army in
+Flanders' is a proverb.
+
+"The soil of Belgium is generally sandy and poor; but, by skill and
+industry, the people obtain large crops from it. In a country so densely
+peopled there could not be many large farms, and the majority of the
+farmers cultivate what would not be more than a garden in America; but
+the system of agriculture is not surpassed by that of any country in the
+world. Flax-raising is the principal occupation of the farmers; but
+grasses and roots receive particular attention. Horses, cattle, and
+sheep are raised in great numbers.
+
+"The manufactures of Belgium are very celebrated. The laces of Brussels
+and Mechlin (Malines) have the highest reputation. Linen goods, carpets,
+woollens, cottons, hosiery, are largely produced. The foreign and
+domestic commerce of Belgium, largely carried on through the port of
+Antwerp, is extensive.
+
+"Belgium is a flat country, as we have said. There are no mountains,
+though in the provinces of Liege and Brabant the American traveller will
+find a variety of scenery similar to that in the eastern part of
+Massachusetts and Connecticut. This portion of Belgium is a beautiful
+garden.
+
+"The government, according to the charter of 1831, is a constitutional,
+representative, and hereditary monarchy; that is, it has a constitution,
+a parliament, and the oldest son of the king is his successor. The
+king's person is declared to be sacred, and his ministers, instead of
+himself, are held responsible for the government acts. The legislative
+branch consists of a senate and a chamber of representatives; but the
+king must sign their acts before they can become laws.
+
+"The members of both houses of the legislature are chosen by the people,
+and are called deputies. Only citizens who pay a certain amount of
+direct taxes can vote. The deputies who live out of the town in which
+the session is held are paid sixty-two dollars a month. They are elected
+for four years, half every two years. The political privileges of the
+people are only less than those of our own country.
+
+"The present king is Leopold I.[A] He is seventy-four years old, and for
+the last fifty years has been a man of mark in Europe. He was for some
+time in the service of the Emperor of Russia, and went to England with
+the allied sovereigns, in 1814, where he became acquainted with, and
+afterwards married, the Princess Charlotte, daughter of George IV.; but
+she died within two years. In 1830 Leopold was elected King of Greece;
+but he finally refused the crown, because the conditions he made were
+not complied with. In 1831 he was elected King of the Belgians, and was
+crowned the same year. The next year he married Louise, the daughter of
+Louis Philippe, King of France. Leopold, Duke of Brabant, will succeed
+him. He has several other sons and daughters, among them Marie
+Charlotte, wife of Maximilian, Archduke of Austria, who has been elected
+Emperor of Mexico. Leopold is one of the richest men in Europe.
+
+[Footnote A: Leopold I. died Dec. 10, 1865, and was succeeded by his
+son, Leopold II.]
+
+"Nearly all the people of Belgium are Roman Catholics, there being but
+about thirteen thousand Protestants and two thousand Jews; but the
+largest religious liberty is allowed to all sects. A portion of the
+salary of ministers of all denominations is paid from the national
+treasury. While the Catholics receive seven hundred thousand dollars
+from the state, the Protestants obtain eleven thousand, and the Jews two
+thousand dollars. The salary paid by the state to the archbishop is four
+thousand two hundred dollars, and to a bishop about three thousand.
+
+"The history of Flanders is substantially the early history of Belgium.
+Many changes were made in the territorial limit of the country from time
+to time, in the hands of its different owners. The first mention of
+this country in history is in the time of Julius Caesar, who conquered
+the Low Countries, and the Romans held them till the year 400, when they
+were joined to the empire of the Franks. They formed part of the vast
+realm of Charlemagne.
+
+"After the Romans had abandoned the territory, several independent
+nobles established themselves in the southern part of the Netherlands.
+Among them were the Counts of Flanders, who became very powerful and
+influential men. They are to be regarded as the founders of the Flemish
+provinces. Having no male heirs, their possessions went to the house of
+Burgundy. Philip, Duke of Burgundy, married Margaret, Countess of
+Flanders, and, upon the death of her father, she brought to him the
+country of Flanders and other valuable possessions.
+
+"During the succeeding hundred years, Namur, Brabant, Limbourg,
+Hainault, Holland, Zealand, Friesland, and Luxembourg, all of which now
+belong to Holland and Belgium, were added to the territories of the
+Dukes of Burgundy. At this period appears the powerful but rash and
+cruel Charles the Bold. His life was spent in open or secret strife with
+Louis XI., king of France, whose suzerain, or nominal vassal, he was.
+The king was instrumental in stirring up rebellion in several cities of
+the Low Countries, which the duke put down with his accustomed severity.
+
+"Charles, in revenge, having leagued with some discontented French
+princes, Louis secretly fomented an insurrection in Liege. When the blow
+was first struck, the crafty king was paying a visit to his cousin of
+Burgundy, as he called the duke, who, on hearing the news, retained his
+sovereign as a prisoner, threatening to kill him for his perfidy. The
+cunning prince tried to pacify his enraged host. He was but partially
+successful, and could only obtain his liberty by submitting to the most
+humiliating terms. The duke compelled his royal guest to march in person
+with him to the revolted city, and assist his vassal in putting down the
+rebellion he had himself instigated.
+
+"Charles the Bold was slain in battle, and his death ending his line of
+dukes, Louis seized upon several of the provinces. Mary, the daughter of
+Charles, was married to the Archduke of Austria, who claimed the
+Burgundian provinces in right of his wife. He obtained possession,
+however, of only Franche-comte and the Low Countries. The conflicting
+claims for these territories kept Austria and France at war for a long
+time.
+
+"The Archduke Maximilian, who married Mary of Burgundy, became Emperor
+of Germany on the death of his father. He had two children by her,
+Philip and Margaret, the former of whom married Joanna, daughter of
+Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain. They were the parents of Charles V.,
+Emperor of Germany and King of all Spain. During this period the Low
+Countries were governed by Maximilian, Philip, and Charles, deriving
+their right from Charles the Bold.
+
+"Charles V. was succeeded as King of Spain by Philip II., his son, who
+also inherited the Flemish provinces. Mr. Motley's incomparable History
+of the Rise of the Dutch Republic, commences at this point, with the
+abdication of Charles V., and the accession of Philip II. I hope all who
+have not read this work will do so, as many of you can, here in the
+midst of the scenes described in its glowing pages.
+
+"Philip was a bigot and a tyrant, and his despotism, which included the
+establishment of the Inquisition, drove the people to madness, and
+provoked them to rebellion. During the reign of Charles V. the
+Reformation had made considerable progress in Germany, and its
+principles were firmly planted in the Low Countries. Philip imposed upon
+himself the duty of rooting out the obnoxious doctrines, and of
+restoring the supremacy of the Catholic church.
+
+"After his accession to the Netherlands, the king remained four years in
+the country, and then departed for Spain, from which he did not again
+return. He made his sister regent, and she was to be assisted by
+Granvelle, Bishop of Arras. William, Prince of Orange, and the Counts
+Egmont and Horn, were associated with the bishop as councillors, but
+they had no real power or influence.
+
+"The despotic conduct of Granvelle, and the attempt on his part to
+introduce the Inquisition, by order of his royal master, excited the
+most desperate opposition. The people organized under the lead of the
+Prince of Orange, and Egmont and Horn, and an insurrection broke out in
+Flanders, in 1566. These Protestant rebels have been styled iconoclasts,
+or image-breakers, for they broke into the churches, overturned the
+images, defaced the valuable paintings, and otherwise injured the church
+property.
+
+"The famous Cathedral of Notre Dame, which you can see from the deck of
+the ship, was ravaged by the mob. The statues of Christ, the Virgin, and
+the Saints were hurled from their pedestals; the rich paintings, the
+choicest works of Flemish art, were cut to pieces; the organs were torn
+down, the altars overturned, and the gold and silver vessels used in the
+mass were carried off. For three days these tumultuous proceedings
+continued, and were suppressed only when the fury of the mob had ceased,
+by the Knights of the Golden Fleece, of which the Prince of Orange was a
+member. The career of this remarkable man is closely identified with the
+history of the Netherlands during this period. He was opposed to the
+violence of the mob, not only from prudential motives, but because his
+own religious views were not yet in sympathy with the Protestant
+reformers, though he afterwards fully embraced their doctrines.
+
+"The patriots of the Low Countries were, in the beginning of these
+troubles, both Catholic and Protestant; but the sacrilegious conduct of
+the mob detached the former from the cause, and as the Catholics were
+more numerous in the southern than in the northern provinces, they
+finally turned the scale in favor of Philip II. in their own section,
+while the people of Holland established their independence.
+
+"Philip then sent the savage and relentless Duke of Alva to suppress the
+new religion in the Netherlands. Egmont and Horn were beheaded at
+Brussels, and the Prince of Orange retired into Germany, appealing to
+the Protestant princes for assistance. With an army he had raised in
+Germany, and with money obtained there and of Queen Elizabeth of
+England, he marched into the Netherlands, and called his people to arms.
+A long and terrible war ensued, in which the Dutch suffered up to the
+limit of human endurance, and displayed a heroism which is without
+parallel in the history of the nations.
+
+"The Prince of Orange was created Stadtholder; almost unlimited powers
+were conferred upon him, and for years he struggled against the most
+stupendous obstacles. The Dutch, being a maritime people, established a
+navy, which inflicted many heavy blows upon the Spanish power. The
+severity of Alva so goaded the Netherlanders that the whole country was
+in arms against him. He failed to reduce them to subjection, and was
+recalled. His next two eminent successors died of fever, and the Duke of
+Parma was then sent as regent of Philip. In 1579 the northern provinces
+declared their independence, and established the Dutch Republic, or the
+Seven United Provinces, of which the Prince of Orange was stadtholder.
+
+"Philip was so incensed at the success of the Prince of Orange that he
+offered a large reward to any one who would take his life, and a
+fanatical Burgundian shot him at Delft, in 1584. With this event Mr.
+Motley closes his History of the Rise of the Dutch Republic.
+
+"Belgium adhered to Spain, or, rather, the Duke of Parma succeeded in
+reducing it to subjection after the murder of the stadtholder. In 1598
+Philip gave the Flemish provinces to his daughter Isabella. But on her
+death without children, the country again reverted to Spain. After more
+than a century of strife, including the Thirty Years' War, the repeated
+quarrels between England and Spain, and France and Spain, and the War of
+the Spanish Succession, during which period the Low Countries were
+often the battle-ground, Belgium passed into the hands of the Austrians.
+
+"In settling up the disastrous strife of the century, the treaty-making
+powers had given several of the Belgian fortresses to Holland, in order
+to check the ambition of France, and the Dutch closed the Scheldt. After
+an interval of peace under Maria Theresa of Austria, her son, Joseph
+II., attempted to break through portions of the treaties, and obliged
+the troops of Holland to evacuate his territory, but he could not open
+the river. He was rash in his proceedings, and a rebellion was organized
+against him.
+
+"About this time commenced the French Revolution, whose influence
+extended to the Low Countries, and in 1789 the Austrian garrison at
+Brussels was forced to surrender. But the people were not united, and
+their dissensions enabled the Austrians to regain their power. The
+French Directory sent an army to assist the Belgians, the Austrians were
+driven from the country, and Belgium was incorporated with France.
+
+"Napoleon, while he controlled the destinies of France, devoted much
+attention to the Flemish provinces, and especially to the city of
+Antwerp. When you go on shore you will see immense docks and
+fortifications built by him. He intended to make it a great naval
+station, and it would have been of vast importance to him in carrying
+out his plans for the invasion of England. The works on the opposite
+side of the river, called 'Tete de Flandre,' were the beginning of an
+immense military town. During this period England was almost continually
+at war with France, and several expeditions were sent against Holland
+and Belgium.
+
+"When Napoleon abdicated, the Flemish Provinces were restored to
+Austria; but when the allies who had overthrown Napoleon finally
+disposed of their conquests, Holland and Belgium were united, and given
+to the Stadtholder, who had adhered to the allies. He was styled William
+I., King of the Netherlands.
+
+"The two sections could not agree; the Dutch regarded Belgium as a
+conquered province, and were not at all conciliatory in their treatment
+of the new acquisition. The Belgians were essentially French in their
+habits, and disliked the Dutch. In 1830 they revolted against their
+masters, the insurrection extended to the principal cities, and the king
+called upon the great powers who had given him the country. A congress
+assembled in London at his request, which, however, decreed the
+independence of Belgium.
+
+"The people first elected a son of Louis Philippe king; but he declined,
+and Leopold was then chosen. King William, of Holland, protested, and in
+spite of the treaty, held the city of Antwerp. A French army was sent to
+the assistance of Leopold; Antwerp capitulated, but it was not till 1839
+that Holland made a treaty with Belgium, acknowledging her independence.
+Leopold strengthened his position by marrying a daughter of the King of
+France; and his son and heir, the Duke of Brabant, was married to Marie,
+Archduchess of Austria.
+
+"In 1848, when Louis Philippe was overthrown in France, some disturbance
+occurred, and Leopold offered to abdicate; but his proposition was not
+accepted, and he wisely and skilfully led his government through all the
+troubles of that excitable period. He is a wise and prudent statesman,
+and as such has had a great deal of influence in Europe.
+
+"Now, young gentlemen, I trust you will not be satisfied with this
+meagre sketch of the interesting country we are now visiting, but will
+read up the subject so that you will understand it better."
+
+Mr. Mapps left his position, and the studies of the morning were
+commenced. After dinner the usual shore liberty was given, the
+allowances paid in French francs, a supply of which had been procured in
+London, and the students were landed. Instead of going on shore
+immediately, Dr. Winstock and Paul paid a visit to the Victoria and
+Albert.
+
+At the gangway they found the steward of the ship, who volunteered to
+conduct them through the vessel. There was nothing strikingly peculiar
+in the exterior of the yacht, except that she had large, square windows,
+composed of a single pane of glass, in her upper saloons and cabins; but
+the steward informed the visitors that these were replaced in heavy
+weather by wooden shutters, having only the small, round ports in them.
+
+Between the paddle-boxes was a large open space, covered over by the
+hurricane deck. On each side, abaft the wheels, was a small apartment,
+or pavilion, with large glass windows, elegantly cushioned and
+furnished, where the royal passengers could sit in rough weather, and
+look out upon the sea. On the hurricane deck was a spacious
+dining-saloon.
+
+From the open space between the wheels, the steward conducted Dr.
+Winstock and Paul to a passage-way, at the after end of which was a
+saloon called the breakfast-room. Its length corresponded with the width
+of the vessel, and one side was round, being formed at the stern of the
+vessel, in which were several of the large square windows, so that the
+apartment was very light and pleasant.
+
+On each side of the passage-way were several apartments, arranged in
+suits. Returning to the open space amidships, the party entered the
+forward room on the starboard side.
+
+"This is the room of the first lady in waiting," said the steward, as
+they went in.
+
+"I should say the first lady in waiting was well accommodated," said
+Paul, laughing, as he glanced at the spacious apartment.
+
+"But she may be a countess," replied the steward, leading the way to the
+next room. "This is the queen's bed-chamber."
+
+There was a large bed in this room, which looked just like anybody's
+bed; but it was by no means so elegant as the young republican had
+anticipated. The apartment was rich and costly in its furnishings, but
+there was none of the magnificence which one would have expected to find
+in the room of a queen.
+
+"This is the dressing-room of Prince Albert," added the steward,
+entering the next room. "Her majesty allows no one to occupy it since
+the death of his highness."
+
+Beyond this, on the same side, were shown several rooms appropriated to
+the use of the princesses. They corresponded in style with those of the
+queen; but in nothing connected with the yacht was there any gaudy
+display. The party went to the opposite side, and were shown several
+rooms like those they had just seen, which were occupied by the princes.
+The forward room on the port side was the drawing-room. It was larger
+than any other except the breakfast-room, but did not appear to be
+extravagantly furnished; everything seemed to be provided for comfort
+rather than show.
+
+The conductor then led them forward, where, on each side of a passage,
+were four rooms, each provided with a handsome, narrow bedstead, which
+the steward said were for the use of the lords and ladies in waiting.
+Forward of these, in the bow of the vessel, was the kitchen, a
+three-cornered room like that on the Young America, with a large galley
+or cooking-range in the middle.
+
+Below the royal apartments, in the after part of the ship, were the
+cabins for the servants. As the steward led his guests towards the
+gangway, Dr. Winstock took out his purse.
+
+"Never mind that just now," interposed their conductor, "especially as
+there is the captain."
+
+Paul wondered if the doctor intended to insult a person of so much
+consequence as the steward of the queen's yacht must be, by offering him
+money. He glanced at the captain, who was a fine-looking man, in naval
+uniform, as the steward led the way to the accommodation steps. The
+doctor slyly slipped a couple of English shillings into the man's hand,
+and they went down into their boat.
+
+"What did you give him, sir?" asked Paul.
+
+"Two shillings."
+
+"Well, it seems to me the steward of any American passenger steamer
+would be angry if you gave him two shillings for his services."
+
+"If I had not met these men before, I should not have dared to do it;
+but it is expected," replied the doctor.
+
+The boat pulled up to the Quai Vandyck, and Paul for the first time put
+his foot upon the continent of Europe.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VIII.
+
+ANTWERP AND RUBENS.
+
+
+"Where shall we go first, Paul?" asked Dr. Winstock, when they landed
+upon the quay.
+
+"I don't know, sir; I think I shall be interested wherever we go. This
+is a big city--isn't it?"
+
+"Its population is hardly more than half of what it was in the days of
+its greatest prosperity. In the days of Charles V. it is said that
+twenty-five hundred vessels were frequently seen at one time in the
+river. It had two hundred thousand inhabitants, and was then the richest
+and most thriving commercial city in Europe. You perceive that this long
+line of quays affords plenty of wharf room. Indeed the name of the city
+is said to be derived from a Flemish phrase, '_aen't werf_,' which means
+on the wharf, or on the quay."
+
+"Mr. Motley tells another story about its name. He says the people claim
+that the city is very old, and that a giant by the name of Antigonus,
+established himself on the river at this place, and set up a kind of
+custom-house. He required half the merchandise of those who went up the
+river. He used to cut off the right hands of those who attempted to
+smuggle, and throw them into the river. In this way _Hand werpen_, or
+hand throwing, came to be the name of the place," said the young
+commander.
+
+"I suppose that story is as true now as it ever was. But where shall we
+go?" asked the doctor.
+
+"I want to get a little nearer to that Cathedral," replied Paul.
+
+"That is really the most noted thing in Antwerp, and we will walk up
+there; and I think we shall be able to see the pictures on the church,
+which are required to produce an income. The Cathedral used to be open
+till one o'clock, free to the public, but the curtains were carefully
+drawn over these great works of art; after this hour visitors were
+admitted upon the payment of one franc, and the pictures were exhibited.
+Doubtless the same regulation is in force now."
+
+A walk of a few moments brought them to the Place Verte, a little park
+enclosed, with a colossal statue of Rubens in the centre.
+
+"Everything in Antwerp is Rubens," said the doctor. "The people believe
+in him still, and almost worship his memory."
+
+"Why should they? He was only a great painter--was he?" added Paul.
+
+"He was more than that: he was quite distinguished as a statesman and a
+diplomatist. He was ambassador to England, Holland, and other countries.
+His celebrity as an artist, and his influence with the crowned heads of
+several nations, caused him to be regarded with deep interest by the
+people. He lived in a splendid mansion, for the immense income which he
+derived from his pencil enabled him to support an elegant
+establishment. He had a great number of pupils, and at one period in his
+career they painted no inconsiderable part of his pictures. He had
+orders from all the crowned heads of Europe, and in many of his works he
+could only make the designs and give the finishing touches to them. He
+was very industrious, and painted rapidly, as he must have done to
+produce so many pictures."
+
+"He humbugged his customers then--didn't he?"
+
+"His assistants did only the heavy work, while Rubens furnished the
+design, and gave the work its finishing touches. The celebrated
+sculptors do not perform all the drudgery of chiselling out a statue.
+Wherever you go in Antwerp, you will hear of Rubens. You will find his
+works in all the galleries, you will visit his house in the Rue Rubens,
+his pictures will be shown to you in every church, and you will see his
+tomb in St. Jacques."
+
+"They have Rubens on the brain, as we should say at home," laughed Paul.
+
+"Yes, and they have it badly. From this point you have a good view of
+the Cathedral," added the doctor, as they paused near the statue of
+Rubens, where they could see the building over the tops of the trees.
+
+"The steeple is very handsome. It is of the most beautiful and delicate
+workmanship you will see."
+
+"I should think it would blow down."
+
+"It is banded together with a framework of iron, and the stones are held
+together with copper bolts."
+
+"How high is it?" asked Paul, as he gazed up at the lofty spire.
+
+"There you have me, Paul! I don't know. In Murray's Guide-Book it is
+set down at four hundred and three feet. The man up in the tower there
+says it is four hundred and sixty-six. Other authorities put it at less
+than four hundred. My guide assured me it was one hundred and
+forty-seven French metres in height; but this, reduced to English
+measure, would give four hundred and eighty-three feet. My own idea is,
+that Murray is right," replied Dr. Winstock, as they walked over to the
+church.
+
+"What's this?" asked Paul, pointing to a beautiful iron canopy in Gothic
+style, near the foot of the church tower.
+
+"That's a draw-well. It is the handiwork of Quentin Matsys."
+
+"I don't know him."
+
+"He was a blacksmith until he was twenty years old, when he fell in love
+with the fair daughter of a painter. The story goes that the father
+would not permit his daughter to marry any man that was not an artist,
+and the blacksmith abandoned his anvil for the easel. He had a genius
+for art, and soon painted better than his masters. He won his bride, and
+achieved a great reputation in his new art. The picture of The Misers,
+which you saw at Windsor Castle, was executed by him."
+
+They bought a couple of tickets and were admitted to the church. The
+interior was grand and imposing; but the chief attraction was the
+pictures, which were now unveiled, and a small audience was present
+examining them. Several artists were making copies of them. In the south
+transept hangs Reubens's masterpiece, The Descent from the Cross.
+
+Paul did not pretend to be a connoisseur in paintings, and could neither
+understand nor appreciate the fine writing he read about them in books,
+or the "hifalutin" which affected men bestowed upon them; but in the
+presence of the grand old painting, he was awed and silenced. It
+produced a deep impression upon his mind and heart, and for the first
+time in his life he realized the sublime in art. The figure of The Dead
+Christ seemed to be real, so painfully natural were the hanging head of
+the Savior, and the relaxed muscles of the body. The young student gazed
+long and earnestly at the picture, studying it as a whole and in detail.
+
+It is said that Rubens paid this picture as the price of the land on
+which he erected his house in Antwerp. In the north transept of the
+Cathedral hangs its companion piece, The Elevation of the Cross; but its
+reputation is far inferior to his masterpiece, grand as it is.
+
+Paul walked about the church, and examined other pictures and works of
+art; and then, after paying the keeper of the tower a franc, they
+commenced the long ascent to the spire and chimes.
+
+"These churches and these pictures are certainly very fine," said Paul,
+as they stopped at a window to rest. "We don't have them in our country.
+There isn't a church there that will compare with any of these
+cathedrals, to say nothing of the celebrated pictures, such as we have
+just seen."
+
+"That's very true; and I am thankful that our people make a better use
+of their money. Here in Belgium, as in most countries of Europe, poverty
+is the curse of the people. They do not receive the reward of their
+labor. The government and the church take the lion's share of their
+earnings, and thus keep them down. This Cathedral was commenced in 1352,
+and finished in 1411, though another spire was to have been built.
+Nearly sixty years were employed in its erection, and probably it cost
+millions of dollars. Of course the people had to pay for it. The greater
+portion of the expense of it lies dormant here, it being merely an
+ornamental structure. It gratifies people's tastes, it is true; but God
+could be acceptably worshipped in a less costly edifice. If the capital
+locked up in this church had been invested in schools, colleges, and
+other educational institutions, it would be a blessing to the country.
+What is paid in Europe to build these grand structures for worship, and
+to support the trappings of royalty, is in our own country appropriated
+to public schools; and the nation reaps the benefit of them every year
+of its existence."
+
+"That's so," replied Paul, emphatically; "and when any foreigner says
+anything to me again about our want of costly cathedrals, I shall call
+his attention to our schools."
+
+"That's right; you are an American to the core," laughed the doctor.
+
+"But I don't see any reason why we should not have as great painters in
+the United States as in Europe," added Paul.
+
+"I do see the reason. Probably we have just as much talent for art in
+our nation, but the people find that it doesn't pay so well as
+developing the resources of a new country. When it is possible in
+America for a man to win the wealth and distinction which Rubens won,
+we shall be as successful in art as Europe has been; for Washington
+Allston, Benjamin West, and others have demonstrated the capacity of our
+people in this direction. The encouragement which artists receive makes
+the men. There are not many persons in our country who are willing to
+pay ten, fifty, or a hundred thousand dollars for a picture. So much
+money in a painting is dead capital among an energetic people who need
+all they can get to carry on agricultural, commercial, and manufacturing
+enterprises."
+
+"Of course people will follow that calling which pays best, either in
+money or in reputation."
+
+"Certainly, and the number of Dutch and Flemish artists assures us that
+painting has been a cherished art in the Low Countries. Vandyck was
+another celebrated painter of this country. He was born in Antwerp, and
+was a pupil of Rubens. There is a story that The Descent from the Cross
+was thrown down by the carelessness of a student, and badly injured by
+the fall. Vandyck, who was then a pupil of the great Flemish master,
+undertook to repair the mischief with his brush, and did it so well that
+Rubens declared the work was superior to his own. This story is current
+in the guide-books, and in the mouths of the _commissionaires_, who
+point out the places on the face of the Virgin and on the arm of one of
+the Marys where the pupil touched it up. But there is no truth in it,
+since the picture was hung up in the Cathedral before Vandyck entered
+the studio of Rubens."
+
+"I suppose these people like to tell good stories, whether true or not."
+
+"Yes; and you will find a man up in this steeple who believes that his
+spire is the tallest in the world," added Dr. Winstock.
+
+They continued on their long ascent till they reached the region of the
+bells, where they found the attendant who glories in magnifying the
+wonders of the chimes and the spire. He had a small furnished apartment,
+which the visitors were invited to enter, and where he dispensed
+refreshments, of which no total abstinence man could partake. The
+doctor, knowing what the man had to say, skilfully turned his attention
+away from his favorite topic, until they were sufficiently
+refreshed--not by the _eau de vie_ and _noyau_, but by the rest--to
+explore the bell towers.
+
+The bells composing the chime were fixed in the lofts, which were filled
+with wires, cranks, and other machinery, used in operating them. In one
+place there was a bank of keys like those of an organ, where a person
+could play any tune he pleased upon the bells. The keeper had a history
+to relate of each bell, many of which were contributed by kings,
+princes, and lords, and bore their names. In another tower there was an
+immense bell, at the baptism of which--for church bells are duly
+consecrated in Catholic countries--the Emperor Charles V. stood as
+godfather. It requires sixteen men to ring it; but its peals rouse the
+Antwerpers only on great occasions, such as a visit of the king.
+
+Dr. Winstock and Paul waited among the chimes till they had played the
+hourly tune, and then continued their progress to the heights above.
+The custodian of the steeple said there were six hundred and sixteen
+steps from the bottom to the top, and a person does not care to make the
+journey more than once in his lifetime. The winding stairs passed close
+to the Gothic openings of the tower, and they had an opportunity closely
+to observe the delicate workmanship of the structure, which Charles V.
+said should be kept in a glass case, and Napoleon compared to Mechlin
+lace.
+
+At last, out of breath, they reached the highest point of the spire, and
+looked far down upon the lofty roof of the church. The buildings of the
+city looked like card houses, and a company of Belgian soldiers,
+marching in the streets, appeared like the pygmies who inhabited them.
+In the distance could be seen the towers of Ghent, Brussels, Mechlin,
+and Flushing, the wandering Scheldt, and the low country for a vast
+distance. The magnificent view, and the information it afforded, amply
+repaid them for the toil of ascending, and Paul made the Cathedral the
+subject of an entire letter to Miss Grace Arbuckle.
+
+It was easier to go down than to come up, and when they had passed out
+into the Place Verte, the doctor declared that he must lunch before he
+walked any farther. The Hotel de l'Europe faced the Park, and Paul was
+desirous of seeing the interior of it. They entered through an archway,
+there being no doors on the street. There was a spacious area, or
+court-yard, through which alone the house could be reached. In other
+respects the establishment was similar to those in the United States.
+
+On the continent, as in England, none but working people take breakfast
+much before nine o'clock, and the hour varies from this time till noon.
+Of late years the practice in American hotels corresponds with that of
+European ones. In the dining-room of the Hotel de l'Europe there are
+many small tables, and one or two long ones, the latter being used at
+table d'hote, which is served at five o'clock. A hotel bill is added, to
+give the reader an idea of the prices:--
+
+   "HOTEL DE L'EUROPE.
+
+   _Place Verte._
+
+   ANVERS.
+
+   Note a M. Smith,
+   Chambre No. 40, A.
+
+
+                                       Fr. Cen.
+
+   Aout 4.   1/2 Poulet et Salade,       3.00
+             1 The Complet,              1.50
+             Appartement,                2.50
+             Bougie,                      .50
+             Service,                    1.00
+
+        5.   1 Dejeune et Bifstek,       3.00
+             1 Bifstek, Pomme de Terre,  1.50
+                                        -----
+                                        13.00
+
+              Pour Acquit,
+                                 J. W. BARBER."
+
+"One The Complet" consists of simply tea and bread and butter, and as a
+franc is about twenty cents, its price is thirty cents. A centime is the
+hundredth of a franc, and fifty centimes is ten cents. If the guest adds
+a beefsteak and potatoes, or any other dish, to his meal, it just
+doubles the cost. The "bougie" is a candle, which is charged all over
+Europe, at from a quarter of a franc up to a franc. The traveller also
+pays for his soap, or provides it himself. When an "old stager" pays a
+franc for a candle, or a piece of soap, he rolls the part unused up in a
+paper and puts it into his trunk; and, if at his next stopping-place, he
+finds a candle in his room, he orders the waiter to remove it, and will
+not submit to be charged for it.
+
+Table d'hote is a more formal meal, and in some large hotels much parade
+is made over it. The bill of fare is usually very meagre compared with
+that of the Fifth Avenue Hotel in New York, and every dish in the
+programme is presented to the guest. The charge for this meal, at
+first-class houses outside of Paris, is usually four francs, or eighty
+cents.
+
+Dr. Winstock and Paul took a seat in the _Salle a manger_. The student
+was principally anxious to know what they had to eat, and in what manner
+they served it, for he was of an inquiring mind, and fond of making
+comparisons. The most common lunch consists of cold chicken and salad,
+the latter being simply lettuce prepared with oil and vinegar. Paul was
+disappointed, for the lunch differed hardly a shade from the same thing
+at home. Even the gentlemanly Belgian waiter, dressed in seemly black,
+spoke good English, and the "demi-poulet" was wasted upon him.
+
+"Where shall we go now, Paul?" asked the doctor, as they left the
+dining-room.
+
+"I leave that to you, sir. You seem to be quite at home here," replied
+Paul.
+
+"We will take a carriage, and we can do up the city in a few hours."
+
+A one-horse barouche was called, and a _commissionaire_--a kind of guide
+or interpreter, who assists strangers in doing their business, or in
+seeing the sights of the city--presented himself to be employed; but Dr.
+Winstock, who was familiar with the place, declined his services.
+
+"What was that man?" asked Paul, as the carriage drove off to the Rue
+des Soeurs Noires, where the Dominican Church of St. Paul is located.
+
+"He is a _commissionaire_, interpreter, or _valet de place_. Many
+travellers regard such men as swindlers; but for my own part I have
+found them very useful. When I first visited Antwerp I employed one. I
+found him intelligent and gentlemanly, and, so far as I could judge, not
+disposed to swindle me himself or to let others do so. I paid him five
+francs a day, and I am sure he saved me more money than I paid him,
+besides taking me in the easiest and most convenient way to the various
+points in the city."
+
+"I should think such men would be very necessary, especially to those
+who cannot speak the language."
+
+"In Amsterdam and Rotterdam I should have been on my beam-ends without
+them. I never could imagine where they obtained their bad name, unless
+it was from Englishmen, who are generally afraid of being cheated, and
+take the alarm before there is any real danger."
+
+The driver stopped before the Church of St. Paul, and the passengers
+alighted. There was nothing worthy of note in the church; but outside of
+it, in a kind of garden, one of the most singular and remarkable
+exhibitions is open to the visitor. It is called "Calvary," and is a
+representation of the "several stages," as they are termed, in the life
+of Christ. An artificial mound is raised on the side next to the church
+edifice, which is covered with a kind of rock-work, in imitation of
+Mount Calvary. In various parts of the area are placed the statues of
+saints, angels, patriarchs, and prophets.
+
+On the summit of the mound is represented the crucifixion, with a figure
+of the Savior on the cross. At the foot of it is the sepulchre, which is
+claimed to be a perfect copy of the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem, though
+travellers who have seen it say it bears no resemblance whatever to the
+original. In the tomb, on a kind of shelf, rests the crucified Christ,
+represented by a figure clothed in silk and muslin!
+
+Near the tomb an ideal of Purgatory is exhibited, consisting of wood
+carvings. The making-up of the scene appears to be a kind of cage, like
+those one sees in a menagerie, with bars in front of it to prevent the
+escape of the unhappy mortals temporarily confined there. Within the den
+are carved and painted several figures of men, in the midst of darting,
+leaping flames, upon whose faces there is an expression of intense
+anguish. Doubtless the intention of those who conceived this astounding
+exhibition was to impress upon the mind of the spectator the sufferings
+of the unrepentant wicked. It is hardly possible that this effect could
+ever have been produced upon the minds of sensible men. The spectacle is
+not only in exceedingly bad taste, but it is positively repulsive, not
+to say sacrilegious.
+
+Such was the opinion of Paul Kendall, who could hardly conceal his
+disgust; and ten minutes in the place exhausted his patience. He was
+silent, so deep was his feeling of dissatisfaction, until he was again
+seated in the _voiture_. The next objects of interest were the docks and
+basins, which were reached after a short drive from St. Paul's. They
+merely passed along the quay, making no stop, as the works could be seen
+from the carriage.
+
+"That is the house of the Hanseatic League," said the doctor, pointing
+to a large ancient building.
+
+"What is the Hanseatic League?" asked Paul, who had never even heard of
+it.
+
+"It was a commercial alliance between some of the cities of Germany for
+the protection and development of their trade. It had its origin in the
+thirteenth century, for the purpose of preventing piracy and shipwreck,
+and to encourage commerce, and, indeed, all branches of industry. It
+established great warehouses or factories in different parts of Europe,
+and became an exceedingly powerful association, so much so that it
+dictated the policy of sovereigns on their thrones, and even declared
+and carried on war with several of the powers of Europe. In the
+fourteenth century, the League defeated the King of Norway and Sweden.
+It unseated the King of Sweden, and gave his crown to another, and
+having declared war against Denmark, sent a fleet of two hundred and
+fifty ships, and thousands of troops to carry it on. In fact, the
+association prepared for war with England, and Edward IV. made important
+concessions to avoid it. Of course the crowned heads were jealous of
+its power and influence, and it was eventually broken up; but it laid
+the foundation of the commercial policy of the nations. The League died
+out in 1630; but Hamburg, Lubec, and Bremen formed a new one, under the
+name of the Hanse Towns; and Frankfort-on-the-Main afterwards joined
+them."
+
+"I have heard of the Hanse Towns," added Paul; "but I never knew what
+the term meant before."
+
+"The docks and basins here are mainly the work of Napoleon. The great
+conqueror intended to make Antwerp the first seaport of the north. The
+mouth of the Thames is less than a hundred miles from the mouth of the
+Scheldt, and he knew that, with a naval station equal to any in the
+possession of England, he could, in time of war, cripple or destroy the
+commerce of his great rival. He expended ten millions of dollars on
+these docks, basins, and fortifications. The English were alarmed, and
+in 1809 sent the Walcheren expedition, which obtained a foothold on that
+island, but were defeated by disease and death, for seven thousand
+British soldiers perished by marsh fever. By the peace of Paris in 1814,
+after the battle of Waterloo, it was stipulated that the dock-yards
+should be destroyed, for they were a standing threat to the maritime
+powers; but these basins were preserved for commercial purposes. The
+largest one will accommodate thirty-four ships of the line."
+
+The travellers continued on their way through some of the principal
+streets till they arrived at the Church of St. Jacques, which is richer
+in its ornaments than the Cathedral, containing exquisitely wrought
+marbles, carved wood, painted glass. This magnificent church contains
+the burial vaults of the noble families of the city, and among them that
+of Rubens, which is marked by a white marble tablet with a long
+inscription upon it, embedded in the pavement of his private chapel. The
+Holy Family, which forms the altar-piece of the church, was painted by
+the great master. In 1793, when the mob, incited by the furious spirit
+of the French Revolution, broke into the church, pillaging altars and
+tombs alike, that of Rubens was spared from desecration by the universal
+respect for his memory, though not another tomb in St. Jacques escaped
+their impious touch.
+
+The house of Rubens, situated in a street of the same name, was visited;
+an outside view of the Bourse, or Exchange, the Hotel de Ville, or Town
+Hall, and of other public buildings, was obtained. The Citadel, built
+under the direction of the cruel Duke of Alva, to overawe the rebellious
+Antwerpers, was an object of interest. After the expulsion of the
+Spaniards in 1577, the people, including those of high and low degree,
+men, women, and children, assisted in its demolition; but it was
+speedily rebuilt, and has played an important part in subsequent sieges
+and insurrections. The city is surrounded by a continuous line of
+fortifications and ditches, extending from a point on the river below
+the city to a point above it; and outside of this line there are a
+number of detached forts to keep a hostile force from approaching near
+enough to the city to shell it.
+
+When the carriage reached the Quai Vandyck, most of the students had
+returned, and the boats were in waiting. They chattered like magpies
+about the wonders they had seen. When Captain Kendall went on board, the
+mail-bag was handed to him, and the boys were eager to obtain their
+letters from home and elsewhere.
+
+"A letter for you, Mr. Hamblin," said the captain, as he handed the
+professor a formidable envelope, postmarked "Anvers."
+
+The learned gentleman seemed to be astonished, and bore the missive to
+his state-room.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IX.
+
+TROUBLE ON BOARD THE JOSEPHINE.
+
+
+Almost every one on board of the Josephine had a letter, and some had
+two or three. Paul had one from Grace, dated at Paris, in which she
+expressed a hope that, as she was to travel a few months with her
+father, she might see him in some of her wanderings. The young captain
+hoped so too, and he read the letter a second time. Probably he read it
+a third time after he went to his state-room, and a fourth before he
+retired; for boys of his age are apt to be enthusiastic in this
+direction.
+
+Professor Stoute sat in the cabin. He had been all over Antwerp, and had
+walked a larger part of the distance than a man of his obesity could
+well endure in a warm day. Though he was very tired, he was very
+good-natured; indeed, thus far, nothing had ever occurred to disturb his
+equanimity. He was exceedingly popular with the boys, and if he had
+fallen overboard, every one of them would have jumped in after him. No
+one ever thought of disobeying him, and consequently he never had any
+trouble.
+
+While he sat there fanning himself with a newspaper, Mr. Hamblin came
+out of his state-room with the huge envelope he had received in his
+hand. The learned gentleman looked perplexed; in fact, he always wore
+an anxious expression, as though he were in constant fear that somebody
+would infringe upon his dignity, or that some of the boys did not
+believe he was the wisest man since the days of Solomon. He always
+walked just so; he always sat just so; he always moved just so. He never
+was guilty of using a doubtful expression. He was stern, rigid, and
+precise, and from the beginning all the boys had disliked him; but since
+he had behaved so unreasonably in the squall, they could hardly endure
+him.
+
+The lean professor walked up to the fat professor, and took a stand
+before him. He had removed the letter from the formidable envelope, and
+held it unfolded in his hand. He looked at the letter, and then at Mr.
+Stoute. The fat professor laughed, but the lean professor frowned. The
+jolly one knew just what the precise one wanted, but he waited patiently
+for the exordium.
+
+"Mr. Stoute, may I trouble you?" he began, after he had put himself in
+proper position.
+
+"Certainly, sir," replied the fat gentleman.
+
+"If this letter had been written in Greek or Latin, I could have read
+it," continued Mr. Hamblin, glancing at the sheet.
+
+"Precisely so; if it had been written in Greek or Latin I could not read
+it," laughed Mr. Stoute.
+
+"My French, as I have had occasion to acknowledge to you with deep
+humiliation, has been neglected for more important studies. This letter
+appears to have been written by some distinguished person, but
+unfortunately he has chosen to indite it in French."
+
+"In a word, you wish me to read it to you."
+
+"That is what I was about to request of you. May I ask you to retire
+with me to our state-room?" continued Professor Hamblin, glancing at the
+officers who were reading their letters in the cabin.
+
+"Excuse me, Mr. Hamblin; you forget that I carry round with me two
+hundred and odd pounds of flesh, besides bone and muscle, and that I
+have been on my feet three hours. I think, sir, if I knew this vessel
+was going to the bottom of the Scheldt this instant, I should go down
+with her rather than move. Have me excused, I pray you, and have
+compassion on mine infirmities," laughed Mr. Stoute.
+
+Mr. Hamblin was vexed, but he gave the letter to his associate, who
+turned the sheet and glanced at the signature.
+
+"Ah!" exclaimed he, looking at Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"What is it? Do me the favor to read it," replied the learned gentleman,
+impatiently.
+
+"It is from Monsieur Charles Rogier, the president of the council, and
+minister of foreign affairs," added Professor Stoute. "He is the man who
+organized the revolution of 1830, and the greatest man in Belgium, King
+Leopold excepted."
+
+"Is it possible!" ejaculated Mr. Hamblin, struggling to keep down the
+smile in which his vanity sought to manifest itself. "What does he say?"
+
+"He says that just as he was leaving Antwerp for Brussels, he heard that
+the very learned and distinguished Professor Hamblin was on board of a
+vessel at anchor in the river."
+
+"Does he say that?" asked the learned gentleman, who, knowing that Mr.
+Stoute had a horrid vein of humor running through his fat frame, had,
+perhaps, a suspicion that he was making fun at his expense.
+
+"That is precisely what it says."
+
+"How should Mr. Rogier know me?" queried Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"I was about to read his explanation on that point: he says he heard of
+you through a friend who was in London a few weeks since. He wished to
+see you and extend to you a welcome to the kingdom of Belgium; but the
+command of his royal master required him to leave Antwerp by the next
+train; and he was deprived of the pleasure of extending to you in person
+the expression of his distinguished consideration. He hopes when you
+visit Brussels you will do him the honor to call upon him at the Palais
+de la Nation, Rue de la Soie."
+
+"Humph!" ejaculated the learned professor, prolonging the interjection,
+and trying to suppress the smile which had a sad tendency to overwhelm
+his dignity.
+
+"You are fortunate, Mr. Hamblin," added Mr. Stoute; "of course he will
+present you to King Leopold."
+
+"Possibly," replied the Greek _savant_, stroking his chin, and frowning,
+to counteract the sinister influence of the smile he could not wholly
+overcome.
+
+Mr. Hamblin took the letter and read the signature. It was certainly
+"Charles Rogier," with a flourish extensive enough for any great man.
+From the letter he glanced at the fat professor, who, being always
+good-natured, was so now. He could not get rid of a lingering suspicion
+that his undignified associate was imposing upon him. It was a great
+misfortune that his own knowledge of French was so limited, and if it
+had not been so late, he would have gone on board of the ship to ask
+Professor Badois to translate the epistle to him.
+
+Instead of doing this, he went to the record book of the Josephine, and
+ascertained that Duncan was marked among the highest in French. Now
+Duncan was a very polite and respectful student, and Mr. Hamblin had a
+greater regard for him than for most of his companions. Finding this
+promising young man on deck, he invited him to the sacred precincts of
+the professor's state-room. Duncan was even more polite and obliging
+than usual. At the request of his present host, who did not offer any
+explanations, he wrote out a translation of the important letter. Mr.
+Hamblin thanked him, and he retired.
+
+There was no material difference between the translations of Mr. Stoute
+and Duncan, and the learned professor congratulated himself upon the
+distinction he had attained. His fame as a _savant_ had preceded him
+across the ocean. The king's chief minister courted his acquaintance.
+This was the homage which greatness paid to learning, and Mr. Hamblin
+was willing to believe that it was a deserved tribute. He soon worked
+himself into a flutter of excitement, in anticipation of being taken by
+the hand by the king's chief minister, and he slept but little during
+the night, so absorbed was he in the contemplation of the distinguished
+honor which awaited him.
+
+"Professor Hamblin is going to court," said Duncan to his old friend
+the captain, when they met on deck after supper.
+
+"To court whom?" laughed Paul.
+
+"He has had an invitation to go to court to see the big bugs. I
+translated a letter for him from the minister of foreign affairs; and I
+suppose he's about the biggest toad in the Belgian puddle," added
+Duncan. "You won't be able to touch him with a ten-foot pole after
+that."
+
+"We shall get along very well with him, if we only do our duty," said
+Paul.
+
+"The fellows are not very fond of him; and if he puts on any more airs,
+they won't be able to stand it."
+
+"Why, what's the matter, Duncan? asked Paul, anxiously, for generally
+everything had gone on so well on board of the Josephine, that he
+dreaded any trouble.
+
+"O, nothing, nothing!" laughed Duncan; "only the fellows don't like
+him."
+
+"Ben, there's something up," said Paul, earnestly. "If the fellows think
+anything at all of me, they won't make any trouble. If I don't complain
+of Mr. Hamblin, they needn't."
+
+"I don't find any fault with him myself," protested Ben. "I don't like
+him, but I have always got along very well with him."
+
+"What did you mean by mentioning this matter to me, Ben?" asked Paul.
+
+"Nothing; only I shouldn't be surprised if the fellows were to haze the
+venerable patriarch a little in a quiet way. They are all down upon
+him."
+
+"I am sorry for that. I hope all the fellows will do their duty, and
+not get into any scrapes, replied Paul, very seriously.
+
+"I am sorry, but I can't say that I blame them much."
+
+"I shall blame them if they commit any act of disrespect," said the
+captain, decidedly. "I hope you will say what you can forward to keep
+the fellows from doing anything that would hurt Mr. Hamblin's feelings."
+
+"What can I do? The old fossil doesn't treat the students like
+gentlemen; and if he behaves so, what can you expect of the fellows? He
+is cross, crabbed, and tyrannical."
+
+"Have they just found it out?"
+
+"No, but they were willing to bear it rather than make any trouble on
+board. After what he did last Saturday, they are not disposed to be so
+patient; and I can't blame them much."
+
+"What happened last Saturday was between Mr. Hamblin and me, and the
+students needn't trouble themselves about that."
+
+"But the fellows all like you first rate, even the worst ones we have on
+board; and there are some pretty hard boys here," laughed Duncan.
+
+"If they like me, they will not get up a row."
+
+"I will take care that all of them know just how you feel," said Duncan,
+concluding to end the conversation at this point, for the subject of
+these remarks had just come on deck.
+
+The learned gentleman appeared to carry his head even higher, and to be
+more dignified, stiff, and reserved, than usual. With an invitation in
+his pocket to visit the greatest statesman in Belgium, he felt like a
+very exalted personage; for not even Mr. Lowington had been so highly
+favored. Mr. Hamblin was puffed up and swelled out by the honor the
+great man had done him, and as he walked up and down the deck, the
+students might have known by his air, if they had not been told of the
+fact, that greatness had suddenly been thrust upon him.
+
+It presently occurred to him that the principal had not been informed of
+the distinguished consideration in which the government of Belgium
+regarded the Josephine's senior instructor. It was important that he
+should know it, for the fact would certainly elevate him in the
+estimation of the principal, and cause him to regret that in the recent
+difficulty he had not more fully sustained his notable professor.
+Besides, he wished to make some arrangements which would permit him to
+visit the Palais de la Nation, and to dine with the minister, if he
+should be invited, as he had no doubt he should be.
+
+With as much sternness on his wrinkled face as he could assume, he
+walked forward to demand a boat of Captain Kendall. As he was passing in
+the waist, a coil of signal line dropped down from the gaff above,
+square upon the top of his hat, forcing it far down upon his head. Mr.
+Hamblin immediately threw himself into an undignified passion. When he
+had with some difficulty extricated his head from the linings of his
+hat, he looked up to see who had been guilty of this act of flagrant
+disrespect.
+
+"I beg your pardon, Mr. Hamblin," shouted Grimme, a seaman, whose legs
+were twined around the end of the gaff, while he was in the act of
+passing a signal halyard through an eye.
+
+The captain had received orders from the principal to have the Josephine
+ready for the visit of a distinguished person on the following day, and
+Mr. Cleats was preparing to dress the rigging.
+
+"You scoundrel!" roared Mr. Hamblin, gazing up at the unfortunate youth
+who had been the cause of his misfortune.
+
+"Did it hurt you, sir?" asked Paul, stepping up to the professor.
+
+"Was that done by your order, Mr. Kendall?" demanded the irate _savant_.
+
+"No, sir; it was not," replied Paul, blushing with indignation at such
+an insinuation.
+
+"It is very singular that the rope should fall just at the moment I was
+passing," added Mr. Hamblin, sourly, as he straightened out his crumpled
+tile.
+
+"I am sorry it occurred, sir," said Paul, who uttered no more than the
+literal truth.
+
+Mr. Hamblin glanced around the deck at the students who were collected
+there. They did not seem to be sorry; on the contrary, there was a look
+of diabolical satisfaction in the expression of most of them, and not a
+few were actually laughing.
+
+"I demand the immediate punishment of the offender," said Mr. Hamblin,
+irritated by this manifestation on the part of the students.
+
+By this time Grimme had descended from his perilous perch, having
+completed the reeving of the halyard. Without a moment's delay, he
+hastened to the spot where the angry man stood, and touched his cap with
+the utmost deference.
+
+"I beg your pardon, Mr. Hamblin. I hope you will excuse me," said
+Grimme, who really wore a very troubled look.
+
+"You did it on purpose, you scoundrel!" growled the professor, savagely;
+for he could not fail to see the ill-suppressed chuckling of the
+students in the waist.
+
+"No, sir! I did not, sir!" protested Grimme. "I had the end in my mouth,
+and was just going to drop the coil when I saw you."
+
+"And you did drop it when you saw me."
+
+"I did not mean to drop it then. I was going to wait till you had
+passed; but my foot slipped, and, in catching hold of the gaff with my
+hand, I let go the coil. If I hadn't dropped it, I should have fallen
+myself," replied Grimme, who seemed determined to make the explanation
+strong enough to meet the emergency.
+
+"I don't believe a word of it! You meant to insult me!" exclaimed Mr.
+Hamblin, still goaded on to intemperate speech by the ill-concealed
+jeers of the students. "Mr. Kendall, it is your duty to punish that
+insolent fellow."
+
+"I will inquire into the matter, sir. If it appears that he did the act
+on purpose, he shall certainly be punished," replied Paul, who, after
+his conversation with Duncan, could not help suspecting that this was
+the first step in the hazing process to which his friend had alluded.
+
+"Inquire into it!" sneered Mr. Hamblin, with deep disgust. "I complain
+of the boy: that is enough."
+
+Paul did not think so; but he made no reply to the angry man, though he
+ordered the alleged culprit to the mainmast, which is the locality of
+the high court on shipboard.
+
+"Mr. Kendall, I desire to have the gig, for the purpose of visiting the
+ship."
+
+"The gig, sir!" exclaimed Paul, to whom the professors were not in the
+habit of designating which boat they would have.
+
+"I said the gig, sir," repeated Mr. Hamblin, loftily.
+
+"I beg your pardon, sir; but the gig is the captain's boat," replied
+Paul, with deference.
+
+"The captain's boat!" puffed the professor.
+
+"Mr. Lowington directed me to use the first cutter for the professors,"
+added Paul.
+
+"Am I to understand that you again refuse me a boat?"
+
+"No, sir; by no means," said the captain, ready to weep with vexation at
+these disagreeable incidents.
+
+He turned from Mr. Hamblin, and directed the first lieutenant to pipe
+away the first cutters; and in a few moments the boat was ready. The
+fourth lieutenant was sent in charge of the cutter. The professor went
+over the side into the boat; and as he made no objections, the officers
+concluded that he did not know the difference between the gig and the
+first cutter. At certain stages of the tide, there is a three-mile
+current in the Scheldt, with strong eddies, formed by the sweep of the
+river. By a miscalculation of the coxswain, the cutter fell astern of
+the ship, and had to pull up to her, which prolonged the passage
+somewhat, thereby increasing the ill nature and impatience of Mr.
+Hamblin.
+
+"In bows!" said the coxswain, as the boat approached the ship; and the
+two bowmen tossed their oars and boated them, taking position in the
+bow-grating, with the boat-hooks in their hands.
+
+"Way enough!" added the coxswain; and the rest of the crew tossed their
+oars.
+
+At the gangway of the ship stairs had been rigged, at the foot of which
+there was a platform, for the convenience of those boarding or leaving
+the ship by the boats. The bowmen fastened their boat-hooks upon the
+platform, in readiness to haul the boat alongside, so that the passenger
+could step out without inconvenience. But the current was strong, and
+some delay ensued.
+
+"There! let me get out!" exclaimed Mr. Hamblin, rising in the boat, and
+walking between the oarsmen to the bow.
+
+"Steady, sir!" said Humphreys, the officer, as he took the arm of the
+professor, to prevent him from falling.
+
+"Pull the boat up, so I can step out!" said Mr. Hamblin, impatiently, to
+the bowmen.
+
+They were hauling her up closer to the platform, against the strong
+current, which, being in a direction contrary to the wind, made
+considerable sea, causing the boat to roll and jerk uneasily. When she
+was within a couple of feet of the platform, the professor attempted to
+step out.
+
+"Steady, sir!" said Morgan, one of the bowmen, as Mr. Hamblin was about
+to take the step; but at that instant the boat receded from the
+platform, and the learned gentleman, with one foot on the plank and the
+other on the bow of the boat, made a very long straddle, toppled over
+into the water, and disappeared in the eddies.
+
+"My boat-hook broke!" protested Morgan, holding up the implement, from
+which the iron had drawn out; and after what had occurred on board of
+the consort, he probably deemed it necessary to make an immediate
+defence.
+
+"Man overboard!" shouted several students in the ship; and immediately
+there was an immense commotion on board of her.
+
+Mr. Hamblin rose to the surface an instant later, and shouted for help.
+The accident was observed from the Josephine, and the gig piped away in
+double quick time.
+
+"Up oars! Let fall! Give way!" shouted Robinson, in the first cutter, as
+she drifted away from the gangway of the ship, without waiting for the
+orders to be repeated by the coxswain.
+
+A few vigorous strokes of the oars brought the cutter to the spot where
+the professor was struggling with the dirty current. The bowmen seized
+him by the collar, and the crew, after no little labor, owing to the
+excitement of the unfortunate gentleman, succeeded in getting him into
+the boat. He was placed in the stern sheets, and Robinson afforded him
+such assistance as the circumstances would permit.
+
+The gig, with Paul and Pelham on board, was darting through the current
+towards the first cutter. It was too late to be of any service; but it
+continued on its way, and the captain manifested his interest and
+sympathy as well as he could. Mr. Hamblin pressed the water from his
+hair, wiped his face with his wet handkerchief, and otherwise
+endeavored to remove the effects of his involuntary bath. He seemed to
+be, thus far, no worse for the disaster; but he directed Robinson to
+return directly to the Josephine, for obvious reasons.
+
+The two boats came alongside together; and this time the professor,
+notwithstanding the discomfort of his condition, made no undue haste to
+leave the cutter before she was properly secured.
+
+"I am very sorry indeed for your misfortune, sir," said Paul, politely,
+when he met Mr. Hamblin on deck.
+
+"Perhaps you are!" replied he, rushing down the cabin stairs, bestowing
+hardly a glance upon the sympathizing commander.
+
+He went to his state-room, and made an entire change of his clothing.
+The weather was warm, and he suffered no serious consequences.
+
+"You are a very unfortunate person, Mr. Hamblin," said his associate
+instructor, when the _savant_, clean and dry, emerged from the
+state-room.
+
+"It was done on purpose, Mr. Stoute," replied he, solemnly, with
+compressed lips.
+
+"O, no! It couldn't be!" protested the fat professor. "You are simply
+unfortunate. First, a coil of rope falls on your head, and then you fall
+overboard. You should be careful."
+
+"Has that student been punished for throwing the rope upon me?"
+
+"No, sir. I stood by during the investigation at the mainmast. It could
+not be proved that the act was done on purpose; and, for my part, I did
+not believe it was."
+
+"I am very confident it was. I can read the expression on the faces of
+the boys; and I am certain there is a conspiracy among them to knock out
+my brains or drown me in the river."
+
+"Boys will be boys, and they are very prone to look at the ludicrous
+aspect of an accident," added the stout professor. "I should not give a
+serious interpretation to any little signs of mirth I happened to see."
+
+"Mr. Stoute, you allow yourself to be hoodwinked, deceived, overwhelmed,
+by these artful boys. You should maintain more dignity in your
+intercourse with them."
+
+"There is a true and a false dignity, Mr. Hamblin. I shall endeavor to
+avoid the one, and cling to the other," replied Mr. Stoute, warmly, but
+good-naturedly.
+
+"You are aware that I asked for the gig before I started for the ship?"
+continued Mr. Hamblin, impressively.
+
+"I am; and I was also aware that the first cutter had been appropriated
+to the use of the instructors."
+
+"I demanded the gig. It was refused. What did that mean?"
+
+"It meant just what the captain said--that the principal required him to
+furnish the first cutter for our use."
+
+"That is not what it meant," persisted Mr. Hamblin. "The crew of the
+first cutter had been instructed to tip me into the river. When I called
+for the gig, it deranged the plan. I am only sorry that I did not refuse
+to take the cutter, and insist upon having the gig; but I do not wish to
+make trouble."
+
+"But why did you ask for the gig?"
+
+"Because I saw Morgan, who, I knew, belonged in the cutter, laughing
+when the rope fell on my head. He would as lief drown me as not."
+
+"I think you misjudge the boys."
+
+"I am surprised that one who has been a teacher as long as you have does
+not understand boys any better," replied Mr. Hamblin, coldly. "I am
+satisfied that Kendall is at the bottom of all this mischief."
+
+"I am very sure he is not," said Mr. Stoute, decidedly.
+
+"The crew of the cutter had been prepared for their work."
+
+It was surprising that two men who had been among boys so long took such
+opposite views of them; but the difference of opinion was more in the
+men than in the boys.
+
+These events were the staple of conversation on deck and in the steerage
+among the crew; and some of the better boys heard certain indefinite
+remarks about "the first step" and "the second step," used by "our
+fellows;" but no real friend of law and order discovered anything which
+threw any new light upon the two misfortunes that had overtaken the
+senior professor, though there was a suspicion that these were the first
+and second steps hinted at by the doubtful ones.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER X.
+
+WHO WAS CAPTAIN OF THE JOSEPHINE?
+
+
+Mr. Hamblin, as before intimated, did not sleep well on the night in
+question. The burden of being called to the state department, and even
+to the royal palaces of Belgium, was very trying to his nerves. When he
+slept, it was only to dream of the great statesman and revolutionary
+leader of the Low Countries, in the act of taking him by the hand or of
+presenting him to his majesty Leopold, "Roi de Belge."
+
+He prepared himself with great care, in his reflections, for the
+stupendous occasion. He studied up courtly bows, and imagined just how
+he would look when in the act of making one of them. He pictured to
+himself various graceful gestures which he intended to use, in order to
+impress upon the great man the dignity of his character. He arranged the
+little tableau of his presentation to the king, with all the speeches,
+interludes, and movements. If the king said certain things, he should
+say certain other things in reply; and when the interview ended, he was
+with becoming grace to back out of the royal presence.
+
+Leopold, "Roi de Belge," would probably inform him that he had, either
+directly or through his faithful minister, heard of the distinguished
+Greek _savant_; that he had seen or heard of the Greek Grammar he had
+published, the Greek Reader he had compiled, and the Anabasis he had
+edited and annotated. It was more than probable that there were copies
+of these learned and valuable works in the Royal Library; for no library
+could be complete without them. If they were there, the king would
+graciously inform him of the fact, as the highest compliment that could
+be paid to his fame as a Greek scholar. To all this, with his left hand
+upon his heart, with his right extended, palm prone, at an angle of
+forty-five degrees with his perpendicular, his body bent in a courteous
+but dignified bow, he was to reply that his majesty did him too much
+honor. It would be necessary to deprecate, in some degree, the
+distinguished consideration awarded to him, and to declare his own
+unworthiness of the king's notice and favor.
+
+Then, perhaps, the royal Leopold would present him a snuff-box, studded
+with pearls, diamonds, and rubies,--monarchs have a habit of presenting
+snuffboxes to men who do not take snuff,--in token of his princely
+appreciation of the learning of the distinguished American professor.
+Or, perhaps, "Le Roi de Belge" would inform him that he desired to
+promote the study of the Greek language and literature in his kingdom,
+and that he was graciously pleased to appoint him Inspector of Greek, or
+Librarian of the Greek portion of the Royal Library, with no active duty
+but that of collecting his salary of twenty thousand francs--liberal
+princes, as rich as Leopold was reputed to be, often spent their money
+more foolishly than this, in rewarding distinguished men of learning.
+
+The learned gentleman did not feel a very strong confidence that the
+king would thus reward his forty years' patient study of the Greek; but
+_if_ he should conclude to behave in this rather erratic but highly
+honorable manner, it would give him a pleasant opportunity of waiting
+upon Mr. Lowington in his cabin, and politely informing him that he
+could no longer endure the insults of the Josephines, or countenance
+their want of appreciation of the privilege of having such a professor
+of Greek as he was; and that he felt compelled to resign his present
+position, in order that "Le Roi de Belge" might avail himself of his
+valuable services.
+
+It would be delightful to make such a call upon the principal of the
+academy squadron. It would be a grand occasion for a display of dignity.
+He did not feel that such a pleasant event was likely to occur; but it
+was not impossible. The fame of his Grammar and other works might have
+come over the Atlantic while he was transplanting Greek roots in the
+hard heads of stupid boys. He felt that he deserved some higher token of
+public appreciation than had yet been bestowed upon him. Why should the
+Secretary of Foreign Affairs send an autograph letter to him, unless
+some especial notice was to be taken of him?
+
+An audible voice seemed to say, "Go up higher, friend;" but, alas! that
+was only the snoring of Professor Stoute, in the berth above him, which
+his fancy had incorporated into words. There was no voice--only the
+guttural sounds of his obese room-mate, who was so tired that he
+breathed with unwonted labor in his sleep. There was no poetry in the
+snoring of his companion, and the vision was rudely dissolved by the
+reality. But the invitation to go to court was in his pocket: he could
+not be cheated out of that, or of his brilliant expectations. Leopold
+might do the handsome thing, at least as to the snuff-box. It was rather
+awkward, in view of the approaching interview, that he could not speak
+French; but the king had lived in London for a time, and doubtless spoke
+English fluently. Of course the Minister of Foreign Affairs could speak
+English; but even if he did not, they could meet on the same level in
+Latin or Greek.
+
+Professor Hamblin did not sleep very well; and he did not sleep any
+better because Mr. Stoute slept so well, and made the state-room
+sonorous with the richest base snoring that ever tormented a nervous
+man. Indeed, the heavy sleeper made it so lively for the light sleeper
+that the latter was two or three times goaded to the alternative of
+waking the former, or abandoning the room.
+
+In the course of the night the learned professor had polished up all his
+little speeches to be recited before the minister, and probably before
+the king; had nicely adjusted all his bows and gestures, and laid up a
+magazine of expedients for possible emergencies, such as the presence of
+the Duke of Brabant, Prince Leopold, and even of "La Reine de Belge;"
+but the dreamer was glad when the morning came; for the night had been
+very long, though he had probably slept three quarters of the time;
+gladder still when he heard the water splashing on the deck above him,
+as the watch washed down the quarter-deck, for now he could get up. He
+did get up, and went out to taste the freshness of the early air.
+
+The young seamen had finished their labor on the quarters, and were at
+work in the waist. A kind of force-pump, or fire-engine, was attached to
+the Josephine, to save labor in washing down the decks, and to be used
+in case of fire below. It was provided with a sufficient length of hose
+to reach all parts of the vessel, and was worked by a single brake,
+manned by four hands. With this apparatus the boys were deluging the
+decks with water, one of them holding the pipe, and half a dozen
+scrubbing the planks with long-handled brushes.
+
+A fire-engine, or indeed anything that will squirt, is a great luxury to
+the boys, with whom "running with the machine" is a constitutional
+tendency. The novelty of the Josephine's force-pump had not yet worn
+away, and it contributed in no small degree to alleviate the hard and
+ungentlemanly labor of washing down decks.
+
+Mr. Hamblin was not a boy, and he had a constitutional dislike of
+fire-engines and all hydraulic apparatus, partly, perhaps, because the
+boys liked it. The quarter-deck was still wet with the drenching it had
+received, and the professor did not like to dampen his feet on the one
+hand, or retreat to the close cabin on the other. He did what Americans
+are very apt to do when situated between the two horns of a dilemma--he
+compromised between the difficulties by seating himself on the fife-rail
+between a couple of belaying-pins. He was careful to place himself
+abaft the mainmast, so that the wicked engine would not spatter him.
+
+He sat on the fife-rail and began to think of the king and the minister
+again; but his reflections this time were very brief, and if his fancy
+burned again with glowing anticipation, the flame was suddenly quenched
+by a stream of water directed at the foot of the mast, which spattered
+his lower extremities very badly.
+
+"What are you about, you rascal?" roared the learned gentleman,
+springing from his perch to the deck.
+
+But it would have been better for him to remain where he was, for the
+instant his feet struck the deck, the full force of the stream from the
+hose-pipe saluted him squarely in the face, filling his mouth with
+water, and well nigh overthrowing him with its violence. This was a sad
+accident. McDougal, one of the quartermasters, held the pipe. At the
+moment the professor sprang from the fife-rail, the hoseman was looking
+behind him, his attention having been called away from his work by a
+remark of one of the hands at the brake.
+
+"What do you mean, you rascal?" sputtered Mr. Hamblin, attempting to
+free his mouth of the dirty Scheldt water which had been forced into it.
+
+"That's number three," whispered one of the brake-men to another.
+
+"Hush up!" replied the one addressed, from the corner of his mouth.
+
+McDougal dropped the hose, and rushed aft to the place where the unhappy
+_savant_ stood.
+
+"You impertinent puppy!" cried Mr. Hamblin, soiling his white
+handkerchief with the foul water upon his face.
+
+"O, dear! What have I done!" groaned McDougal, clasping his hands in an
+agony of dismay. "I beg your pardon! I didn't see you, sir. O, what have
+I done!" And the wretched hoseman actually threw himself on his knees
+upon the wet deck, and implored the forgiveness of the injured magnate
+of the school-room.
+
+"You meant to do it!" exclaimed the implacable pedagogue.
+
+"No, sir! Indeed, I did not! Won't you forgive me?" pleaded McDougal,
+still upon his knees.
+
+"What does all this mean?" demanded Pelham, who was officer of the deck,
+as he rushed to the spot from the topgallant forecastle, where he had
+gone to keep out of the way of the splashing waters.
+
+"O, Mr. Pelham," groaned the hoseman, "I am so sorry!"
+
+"Get up!" said Pelham to the culprit, sternly, for anything like
+servility was very disgusting to him, and probably he had his own views
+in regard to Mr. Hamblin.
+
+McDougal obeyed this imperative command, and though, ordinarily, a young
+man of nerve and of much self-possession, he appeared to be trembling
+with apprehension. His lips quivered, his knees smote against each
+other, and he stood wringing his hands, apparently in the most abject
+terror.
+
+"I didn't mean to do it, Mr. Pelham," chattered the miserable hoseman.
+
+"Mr. Pelham, in my opinion this act was deliberately contrived and
+carried out," said Mr. Hamblin, severely, though he was evidently
+somewhat moved by the misery of the culprit.
+
+"I am very sorry for it, sir, whether it was done on purpose or by
+accident," replied Pelham. "Where were you, sir, when it happened?"
+
+"I was sitting on that frame," answered Mr. Hamblin, pointing to the
+place.
+
+"On the fife-rail?"
+
+"Yes; if that is the name of the frame."
+
+"Yes, sir; and he was behind the mast, and I didn't see him," pleaded
+McDougal. "I saw some dirt on deck at the foot of the mast, and I threw
+the stream there. I couldn't see Mr. Hamblin--indeed I couldn't, sir."
+
+"I would not complain of the act if that had been all, for I was simply
+spattered; but when I stepped down, the stream was directed full into my
+face."
+
+"I didn't mean to do it, sir. One of the brake-men hollered to me, and I
+turned to see what he wanted, and when I did so, I raised up the hose;
+and I suppose that's what made the stream hit Mr. Hamblin in the face,"
+groaned McDougal.
+
+"Yes, sir," interposed the brakeman, who had designated the act as
+"number three." "I saw Mr. Hamblin, and I sung out to McDougal to turn
+the hose. He turned round and asked me what I said, and before I could
+answer Mr. Hamblin cried out to him."
+
+"So far as I can see, it appears to be an accident, sir," added Pelham;
+"but I will report it to the captain."
+
+"O, Mr. Pelham, don't report me to the captain!" begged McDougal. "He
+will send me back to the ship. I didn't mean to do it; it was an
+accident."
+
+"It is useless to report it to the captain," said the professor, with a
+palpable sneer.
+
+"Thank you, sir; you will forgive me, sir?" moaned the culprit.
+
+"I am willing to forgive you if it was an accident," replied the
+_savant_, more graciously.
+
+"It was an accident, sir."
+
+"It is very singular that so many accidents happen to me," said the
+professor, knitting his brow, and looking very savage, when he recalled
+the events of the preceding evening. "This is the third time within half
+a day that an accident has occurred to me."
+
+Mr. Hamblin walked off, and descended to the cabin to change his clothes
+again. The suit in which he had fallen overboard had been dried at the
+cook's galley, and was in condition for use. While changing his
+garments, he recited to Mr. Stoute the new misfortune that had overtaken
+him.
+
+Pelham sharply questioned the hands who had been concerned in the
+outrage; but McDougal, who appeared to be the only one implicated in the
+deed, protested that the circumstances were just as he had stated them;
+nothing could be proved, for the boys all agreed in their statements.
+The case was therefore dismissed, to be called up again by the captain,
+if he thought proper to do so. McDougal walked forward to pick up the
+hose-pipe again, and as he met the brakeman who had exhibited some
+intelligence before, he gave him a very sly wink.
+
+The officer of the watch was more than suspicious. He was an old hand at
+mischief himself, and not easily hoodwinked by "our fellows." He could
+not help thinking that McDougal had overdone his part, for a bold young
+man, like him, would not behave so much like a coward under any
+circumstances. Just before breakfast time the captain and first
+lieutenant came on deck together, and Pelham reported "number three" to
+them.
+
+"It was not an accident," exclaimed Paul, indignantly.
+
+"I don't think it was myself," replied Pelham. "But at the same time,
+what can you do? You can't prove that it was done on purpose."
+
+"I had a hint from Duncan that the fellows intended to haze Mr. Hamblin,
+and if this thing isn't stopped in the beginning, there is no knowing
+where it will end," continued Paul, decidedly. "You will pipe to muster
+the first thing after breakfast, Mr. Terrill."
+
+The young commander was entirely satisfied in his own mind that the
+unpleasant incident of the morning was a part of the hazing programme,
+if the two on the preceding evening were not. He had already decided to
+take prompt action, and put a stop to the disgraceful proceedings.
+
+After breakfast, agreeably to the order, all hands were piped to muster.
+The two professors had come on deck to ascertain the cause of this
+movement. They had had a long talk together about the second drenching
+of the senior, and Mr. Stoute was obliged to conclude that the deed had
+been wilfully done. He acknowledged as much as this, and felt, as the
+captain did, that prompt action was necessary; but to his surprise, Mr.
+Hamblin took opposite ground towards the latter part of the interview,
+and declared that McDougal, on his knees, had begged his pardon. The
+learned gentleman appeared to be determined to keep his opinion at
+variance with that of his associate.
+
+Mr. Hamblin was one of those old fogies who could not appreciate
+manliness in a boy. He demanded abject servility and pusillanimous
+crouching on the part of an offender. When he frowned, the boy ought to
+wither with fear rather than with the consciousness of guilt. McDougal
+had thrown himself into a becoming attitude, in his estimation; had
+groaned, trembled, and cringed. He was willing to forgive McDougal, and
+had intimated as much as this to him before he left the deck.
+
+The young commander took his place on the hatch, and made quite a
+telling speech in regard to what he termed the disgraceful proceeding
+which had occurred on board. He solemnly warned the boys that he would
+not tolerate anything irregular and disorderly.
+
+"Mr. Terrill, you will pipe away the second cutters," he continued,
+turning to the first lieutenant.
+
+The crew of the boat were piped away, the cutter lowered, and they took
+their places in her. The second lieutenant was detailed to take charge
+of her, and waited near the captain for his orders.
+
+"Pass the word for McDougal," added the captain, when the second cutter
+was ready, as he stepped down from the hatch, and stood at the foot of
+the mainmast.
+
+The culprit came forward, and touched his cap to the captain.
+
+"For your conduct this morning to Mr. Hamblin I shall send you on board
+of the ship," said Paul, in firm and decided tones.
+
+"I couldn't help it, Captain Kendall," pleaded McDougal; but he
+exhibited none of the servility which had characterized his demeanor to
+the professor; he knew the captain too well to resort to such an
+expedient.
+
+"_Perhaps_ you could not," replied Paul, pointedly. "_Perhaps_ you could
+not; but you were very careless."
+
+"I didn't mean to do it," added McDougal.
+
+"I do not say that you did. If the professor cannot walk the deck
+without being drenched with water, it is time those who are so careless
+should be sent out of the Josephine."
+
+"Mr. Hamblin was behind the mast, and I thought he had gone below, sir."
+
+"I have no time nor inclination to argue the matter. If you think any
+injustice has been done to you, the principal will hear your complaint,
+and I shall be as willing as you are to abide by his decision. Mr.
+Martyn, you will report the case as it is to Mr. Lowington. McDougal,
+consider yourself under arrest, and take your place in the boat."
+
+The culprit wanted to say something more, but Paul ordered him into the
+boat with an emphasis which he did not deem it prudent to disregard.
+
+"Captain Kendall," said Professor Hamblin, stepping up to the young
+commander, "I request that you will detain that boat for a moment or
+two."
+
+"Certainly, sir, if you desire it," replied Paul, giving the necessary
+order.
+
+"May I ask for a few moments' private conversation with you?" added the
+professor, as he led the way aft.
+
+The learned gentleman seemed to be considerably excited, and conducted
+the captain to the taffrail.
+
+"I protest against your action in this matter," said he, warmly, when
+they were out of hearing of others.
+
+"Indeed, sir! I supposed you would protest if I did not take decided
+action."
+
+"I am sorry to feel obliged to say, that you do not use good judgment in
+this case," continued Mr. Hamblin, solemnly. "When that rope was thrown
+upon me, you took no notice of it. I do not hear that the crew of the
+first cutter have been called to account for their carelessness in
+throwing me into the water last night; but, in this instance, where the
+guilty party has begged my pardon on his bended knees, and shown a
+degree of sorrow which it would be inhuman to disregard, you resort to
+the severest punishment known on board."
+
+"You will excuse me, Mr. Hamblin, but I think my action is fully
+justified by the circumstances."
+
+"I think not. You are extremely severe in this case, while the more
+flagrant act of throwing me into the river, whether it was a wilful or a
+careless one, was passed over in silence."
+
+"It was not passed over in silence. I examined the officer of the boat,
+and I found that the accident was caused by the breaking of a boat-hook
+in the hands of one of the bowmen. If you will pardon me for being
+entirely candid with you, Mr. Hamblin, the mishap was caused by your own
+carelessness, rather than by that of the boat's crew."
+
+"Do you mean to insult me?" demand the professor, angrily.
+
+"Most assuredly not, sir. If you had kept your seat in the stern-sheets
+of the boat, as a passenger should, until the cutter was properly
+secured, you could not possibly have fallen overboard when the boat-hook
+broke," answered Paul, gently and firmly.
+
+"I do not ask your judgment upon my actions, Mr. Kendall," growled the
+professor.
+
+"Excuse me, sir; but I alluded to your movement only in defence of the
+boat's crew. If the bowmen had actually intended to throw you into the
+water, they could not have done it if you had kept your seat."
+
+"It is not proper for you to criticise my action."
+
+Paul bowed, and made no reply.
+
+"I protest against your action in punishing McDougal. He apologized to
+my satisfaction; and, as this is an affair personal with me, I am
+surprised at your taking any step without consulting me."
+
+"It is a case which affects the discipline of the vessel; and, as such,
+it was proper that I should dispose of it."
+
+"It was a personal matter, I say," repeated the professor, growing more
+wrathy when he found his mighty will opposed.
+
+"I have such information, sir, as leads me to believe that the act of
+this morning was intentional."
+
+"That's a want of judgment on your part, and I protest against your
+action. I object to your sending McDougal to the ship, and I demand that
+your order be rescinded."
+
+"I shall send him to the ship, sir!" replied Paul, decidedly, his cheek
+coloring.
+
+"Shall you! Do you mean to insult me?"
+
+"No, sir; I repeat that I do not mean to insult you."
+
+"I say that boy ought not to be sent to the ship. Why, such a lack of
+judgment--"
+
+"Mr. Hamblin, I command this vessel!" exclaimed Paul, with native
+dignity.
+
+"Do you, indeed?"
+
+"I am responsible for all I do to Mr. Lowington. You will oblige me by
+not interfering with the discipline of the crew."
+
+"How dare you use such language to me?" snapped the professor, dancing
+about the deck with rage.
+
+"Mr. Terrill, direct Mr. Martyn to pull to the ship, and execute my
+order as I gave it."
+
+"This is infamous!" stormed Mr. Hamblin. "Am I to be snubbed by a boy,
+by one of my own pupils?"
+
+"I have nothing more to say, Mr. Hamblin," continued Paul, bowing and
+moving away.
+
+"Stop, you puppy!" roared Mr. Hamblin, following him, and speaking loud
+enough for all the officers to hear his offensive remark.
+
+"Come, come, Mr. Hamblin, you are disgracing yourself," interposed Mr.
+Stoute.
+
+"The puppy!" gasped Mr. Hamblin. "He insulted me!"
+
+"Don't lower yourself in the eyes of your pupils by such undignified
+conduct."
+
+"Am I to be insulted by a boy?" replied Mr. Hamblin, breaking away from
+his associate.
+
+"Mr. Terrill, send Mr. Cleats and Mr. Gage aft," said Captain Kendall,
+hardly able to speak, so violent were his emotions.
+
+"Mr. Kendall--"
+
+"Captain Kendall, if you please," interposed Paul, as the professor,
+boiling over with rage, rushed up to him.
+
+"_Mister_ Kendall, I will--"
+
+"One word, Mr. Hamblin, before you proceed any farther," continued Paul,
+struggling to be calm.
+
+"Here, sir," reported the adult carpenter and boatswain.
+
+"Stand by; I may want you," replied Captain Kendall. "Mr. Hamblin," he
+proceeded, turning to the furious professor, "if you venture to call me
+a puppy again, or to use any other offensive epithet, I will order the
+carpenter and boatswain to arrest you. I will send you in irons on board
+the ship. I beg to remind you again that I am the captain of this
+vessel."
+
+Mr. Hamblin glanced at him, and then at the stalwart forward officers,
+who, he knew, would obey the captain if the Josephine went down with
+them in the act. If he did not feel that he had done wrong, he felt that
+he could do nothing more. Professor Stoute again interposed his good
+offices, and Mr. Hamblin defeated--by himself rather than the
+captain--bolted from the group, and rushed down into the cabin.
+
+The entire ship's company had crowded aft to witness this exciting
+scene.
+
+"Three cheers for Captain Kendall!" shouted a daring fellow. "One!"
+
+They were given, in spite of Paul's cry for "silence," and then the crew
+scattered. The young commander looked very pale, and went below attended
+by Terrill, who had noticed his ghastly expression. He retired to his
+state-room, and but for his friend's efforts would have fainted away, so
+terribly had he suffered during the painful scene.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XI.
+
+ON THE WAY TO GHENT.
+
+
+"You have made a very great mistake, Mr. Hamblin," said Professor Stoute,
+when they reached their state-room.
+
+"Do you take part with the students, Mr. Stoute?" snapped the angry
+_savant_.
+
+The good-natured instructor concluded that it would be useless for him
+to say anything while his associate continued in such an unhappy frame
+of mind; and he condemned himself to silence for the present. It was
+plain enough to him that the crew of the Josephine were in a state of
+mutiny, so far as Mr. Hamblin was concerned, and, that the academic
+discipline of the vessel was at an end. If he understood the humor of
+the boys, they would refuse to obey the professor of Greek. There must
+be a settlement of this serious difficulty before anything more could be
+done.
+
+Mr. Hamblin was silent also for a time. It would have been curious to
+know what he thought of himself at that particular moment, though
+doubtless he fully justified his conduct and regarded himself as an
+injured man. A gentleman so profoundly skilled in Greek as he was, with
+an invitation in his pocket to visit the king's chief minister, ought
+not to be expected to submit to the snubbing of a mere boy. The two
+professors sat in the state-room till the silence became painful, and
+till the anger of Mr. Hamblin had in a measure subsided.
+
+"I did not expect to see you take part with the boys, Mr. Stoute," said
+the learned gentleman, in a grieved tone.
+
+"If I take any part at all, I hope it will be on the right side,"
+replied Mr. Stoute.
+
+"Which means, I suppose, that I am on the wrong side," replied Mr.
+Hamblin, with a heavy sigh.
+
+"It means exactly that," added the other, candidly.
+
+"You think, then, that the boys have done precisely right--do you?"
+
+"Without saying that, I am compelled to believe you were in the wrong."
+
+"That boy threatened to arrest me," continued Mr. Hamblin, with
+something like a shudder; "and all the crew gave three cheers for
+Captain Kendall!"
+
+"I could hardly resist the temptation to join with them in giving the
+cheers," replied Mr. Stoute, consolingly. "The conduct of Captain
+Kendall filled me with admiration."
+
+"Mr. Stoute, do you consider that a proper remark to make to me?"
+
+"You will not understand anything but the plainest speech, and I intend
+to be perfectly candid with you. You interfered with the discipline of
+the vessel, and because the captain respectfully declined to recall the
+boat, you threw yourself into a passion, and behaved in a most
+ungentlemanly and undignified manner. Positively, sir, I am ashamed of
+you! You called the captain a puppy, sir!"
+
+"He's only a boy," answered Mr. Hamblin, in whom this plain talk seemed
+to create a doubt in regard to his conduct.
+
+"Any boy has the right to be treated like a gentleman when he behaves
+like one, even if his opinion does not agree with our own; and
+especially is this true of the captain."
+
+"He was utterly lacking in judgment. The conduct of McDougal was a
+personal matter, and Mr. Kendall should have consulted me."
+
+"Allowing that the captain was wrong,--though I do not think that he was
+wrong,--it does not improve the aspect of your conduct."
+
+"You think Mr. Lowington will not sustain me--do you?"
+
+"Certainly not."
+
+"I could hardly expect it, since he has a much higher regard for that
+boy than for me," sighed Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"It is eight o'clock, and time for the recitations to commence," said
+Mr. Stoute, consulting his watch. "You must decide at once what you
+intend to do."
+
+"What shall I do?" asked Mr. Hamblin, who had become fully conscious
+that he had involved himself in another "unpleasantness," and that the
+powers that be, unmindful of his claims, would probably decide against
+him.
+
+"Shall we hear the recitations? Are you willing to go into the steerage,
+and proceed with your classes?"
+
+"I am."
+
+Mr. Stoute had his doubts whether it would be prudent for him to do so;
+but he was satisfied that Captain Kendall could control the crew, even
+if they attempted a demonstration against the unpopular instructor.
+
+"If I had made so great a blunder as you have, Mr. Hamblin," added
+Professor Stoute, "I should go to the captain, and apologize to him."
+
+"Apologize to him!" exclaimed the _savant_.
+
+"Yes, sir."
+
+"To that boy, who insulted me, who threatened to arrest me, and send me
+in irons to the ship, who had the impudence to tell me that _he_ was the
+captain of this vessel! No, sir!"
+
+"Very well, sir; suit yourself; I am going to the steerage to attend to
+my classes."
+
+Without waiting for his associate's final decision as to what he
+intended to do, Mr. Stoute left the state-room. By this time Paul had
+recovered from the faintness which had oppressed him, and had ordered
+the first lieutenant to "pipe to recitations."
+
+"Are we to go on with the studies as usual, Captain Kendall?" asked Mr.
+Stoute, who could not help taking the hand of the young commander and
+warmly pressing it, though without any allusion in words to Professor
+Hamblin.
+
+"Certainly, sir; the students will not be allowed to neglect any regular
+duty," replied Paul.
+
+"After the cheers which were given on deck, there is danger of a
+disturbance."
+
+"No, sir; I think not. If any officer or seaman makes a disturbance, he
+shall be put under arrest instantly."
+
+"But suppose they all do it in concert."
+
+"They will not, sir;" but Paul spoke in hope rather than in faith, and
+dreaded the demonstration suggested by the professor.
+
+Mr. Stoute went into the steerage. The students were all there,
+including the crew of the cutter which had conveyed McDougal to the
+ship. They were more quiet and orderly than usual; but the calm often
+precedes the storm. Captain Kendall passed into the steerage, and his
+appearance was the signal for a general clapping of the hands, in which
+all the officers joined. That he had won the day in his dispute with the
+obnoxious professor; that he had threatened to arrest Mr. Hamblin, and
+send him in irons to the ship; that he had actually called the willing
+carpenter and boatswain to execute the anticipated order,--were more
+than enough to make the captain a hero with the ship's company. Boys
+worship pluck, and are not always particular that it should be displayed
+in a good cause.
+
+"Silence, if you please," said Paul, moved by the applause of the
+students.
+
+Silence came instantly, for the captain was a "little god" just then,
+and had more influence over the ship's company at that moment than ever
+before. It is true they regretted the fate of poor McDougal, but there
+was not one of them who did not believe that the captain was right in
+his estimate of the culprit's guilt.
+
+"I wish to ask a favor of you," continued Paul, in a rather embarrassed
+tone.
+
+A clapping of hands assured him that he could ask no favor that would
+not be unanimously granted.
+
+"Whatever happens, I wish you to make no disturbance, and no
+demonstrations of approval or dissent. Will you heed my request?"
+
+"We will!" shouted the students with one voice.
+
+"Thank you," replied Paul, who did not believe in a display of force
+before it was necessary.
+
+The boys commenced work upon their lessons, and the captain, passing
+through the steerage, went on deck to avoid the necessity of meeting Mr.
+Hamblin, whose step he heard in the passage-way leading from the cabin.
+As Paul disappeared, the obnoxious _savant_ entered the steerage. One of
+the students forward hissed, but his companions silenced him instantly;
+and it is probable, if the captain had not spoken to them, Mr. Hamblin
+would have been greeted with a general demonstration of disapprobation.
+
+The learned gentleman was evidently much embarrassed; but he was very
+quiet and subdued in his manner. He was less impatient and snappish than
+usual; said nothing about "stupidity" and "blundering," as was his
+habit. He seemed to be abstracted, as well he might; but while he
+displayed less enthusiasm in his teaching, he was infinitely more
+gentlemanly and kind. As he gave no occasion for any trouble, none came.
+Though the captain did not appear at any recitation conducted by him,
+the professor made no comment upon the circumstance.
+
+Paul was troubled, but he had made up his mind what to do. Either Mr.
+Hamblin must leave the Josephine, or he would respectfully ask to be
+relieved from the command of her. It was simply impossible to live with
+such a porcupine on board. It was a mystery to him that Mr. Lowington
+had procured the services of such an unsuitable instructor; but the
+fact was, that he had been engaged by the principal's agent on the
+strength of his classical attainments, rather than his fitness for the
+place. He had been so unpopular as a tutor and professor that no
+institution could long enjoy his services, valuable as they were in an
+intellectual point of view.
+
+At twelve o'clock orders came from Mr. Lowington to dismiss school, and
+to dress the Josephine for visitors. All hands were called, and in a
+short time the vessel wore her gayest attire. A line of flags was
+extended from the end of the jib-boom over the topmast-heads to the end
+of the main boom. The flag of Belgium, which consists of black, yellow,
+and red in equal parts, perpendicularly divided, floated at the foremast
+head. The Young America was similarly decorated, and the Victoria and
+Albert hoisted the royal standard of the United Kingdom, which is a
+magnificent affair, consisting of four squares, two, in opposite
+corners, being red, one blue and one yellow, with a harp and the lions
+and unicorns worked upon the squares.
+
+At half past twelve, the professors' barge, with the American flag in
+the stern, and the Belgian in the bow, put off from the ship and pulled
+to the Quai Vandyck. The eminent individual who was to be received by
+the squadron was no less a personage than the governor of the Province
+of Antwerp, an office once filled by the distinguished Charles Rogier,
+the present minister of foreign affairs.
+
+As the boat containing his excellency put off from the Quay, the yards
+of both vessels were manned. All the students were dressed in their best
+uniform, and the display was really quite imposing. The governor went
+on board of the ship, was duly cheered by the students, and he visited
+every part of the vessel. After he had partaken of a collation in the
+main cabin, he left the ship, accompanied by Mr. Lowington, and visited
+the Josephine. Everything appeared to the best advantage, and his
+excellency expressed himself as highly delighted with the naval
+institution.
+
+All the officers and professors were presented to the distinguished
+guest, who took a great deal of notice of Paul, and hardly any of Mr.
+Hamblin--a muddling of distinctions which sore puzzled and annoyed the
+_savant_. Not even Mr. Lowington could have suspected that the
+Josephines were in a state of feverish excitement, and had been almost
+in a state of mutiny, so fair and pleasant was the outside aspect of the
+ship's company. The governor, having completed his inspection of the
+vessel, invited all the officers to dine with him, and was then landed
+with as much ceremony as he had been received.
+
+Mr. Lowington accompanied the governor to the quay, and on his return he
+went on board of the Josephine to announce his programme for a visit to
+several of the cities of Belgium. All hands were called, and were
+informed that the next three days would be devoted to sight-seeing, and
+that the students would take the train for Ghent at half past two. The
+ship's company heard the intelligence with a coolness which did not
+escape the notice of the principal; but he soon received an explanation
+of this apparent indifference.
+
+"I am very sorry, Mr. Lowington," said Professor Hamblin, stepping up
+to him, as he descended from the hatch, "to be again compelled to
+complain to you of the misconduct of Mr. Kendall. This morning he
+threatened to arrest me and send me in irons on board of the ship--_me_,
+sir! He actually sent for the boatswain and carpenter for this purpose."
+
+"Captain Kendall!" exclaimed the principal, annoyed beyond measure at
+this recital of grievance. "There must have been some strong
+provocation."
+
+"Could anything justify such a threat, or such a course?"
+
+"We will not speak of this subject here," added the principal, when he
+saw that the eyes of every student on board were fixed upon them.
+
+"Something should be done immediately," replied Mr. Hamblin, decidedly.
+
+"I have not time to hear the case now. We take the train for Ghent in
+less than an hour. I will see you in the railway carriage."
+
+Mr. Lowington moved towards the gangway, where the barge was waiting for
+him; but Paul, his cheeks all aglow, stepped up to him, and touched his
+cap.
+
+"Mr. Lowington," said he, "I wish to make a complaint against Mr.
+Hamblin. He interferes with the discipline of the vessel, is very
+insulting to me; and I must ask that he be removed from the Josephine,
+or that I may be permitted to resign."
+
+"I am very sorry you are having any trouble here; but I cannot stay now
+to hear about it. I will see you on the train."
+
+"Excuse me, one moment, Mr. Lowington," added the _savant_ of the
+Josephine, as the principal was going over the side. "I wish to inquire
+if we make any stay in Brussels?"
+
+"We shall probably remain there one day."
+
+"I have an invitation to visit Monsieur Rogier, the chief minister of
+the King of Belgium, and should like to accept it," added Mr. Hamblin,
+who thought it would be well for the principal to know this fact before
+he thought much of the difficulty between himself and the captain.
+
+"You will have ample time," answered Mr. Lowington, as he stepped over
+the side into the boat.
+
+At two o'clock all hands embarked in a ferry-boat, which conveyed them
+to the Tete de Flandre, opposite Antwerp, where the Ghent railway
+station is located. By the good offices of the governor of Antwerp, a
+special train had been procured for their accommodation, and the
+carriages were to be at the disposal of the principal for the entire
+round of the Belgian cities. By this arrangement, the tourists were
+enabled to make the tour in the brief space allotted to it. They were to
+spend a day in the capital, but only one or two hours in each of the
+other places.
+
+In Belgium about two thirds of all the railways are owned or leased by
+the government, which runs the roads, and even those which are in the
+hands of corporations will eventually revert to the state. They are
+exceedingly well managed, and very few accidents occur upon them; but
+they run at a low rate of speed, compared with the English railways. The
+fares are about three cents a mile, which is below the average in
+Europe.
+
+Mr. Lowington selected a compartment in one of the carriages, and
+arranged his party so as to transact the disagreeable business on hand
+during the trip. Dr. Winstock and Paul sat at one end of the section,
+and Mr. Stoute and Terrill at the other, while Mr. Lowington and
+Professor Hamblin occupied the middle seats. The two students were
+allowed to occupy the places at the windows, so that they could see the
+country which they passed through; for the principal deemed this as
+important for them as their lessons; in fact, it was a study of
+geography. The train moved off, bearing the company through a low
+country, not very attractive in itself, though the little farms,
+gardens, villages and towns were full of interest to young men like
+Paul.
+
+"Now, Mr. Hamblin, I am ready to hear your complaints," said Mr.
+Lowington, after the train had passed out of the station. "Captain
+Kendall, you may give your attention to it, though you can look out of
+the window at the same time."
+
+"Am I to be confronted with that boy?" demanded the professor,
+indignantly.
+
+"That boy!" replied Mr. Lowington. "I am to hear what you and Captain
+Kendall have to say. Go on, if you please, sir."
+
+"You will remember that one of the students, McDougal, was sent on board
+of the ship, this morning," Mr. Hamblin began, though he was utterly
+disgusted because he was obliged to make his complaint in the presence
+of Paul.
+
+"I remember it."
+
+"The offence which that boy committed was against me personally. As he
+explained the case to me, and made a very humble apology, I was willing
+to forgive him. I intimated to the officer of the deck that he need not
+report the matter to the captain; but it was reported to the captain,
+and when I went on deck, after breakfast, I found the students had been
+assembled. Mr. Kendall addressed them, with which I had no fault to
+find. But you can judge of my astonishment when he called up McDougal,
+and ordered a boat to convey him on board of the ship, thus subjecting
+him to the severest punishment known to the students of the Josephine.
+
+"I deemed it my duty to interfere, which I did in the most civil manner.
+I respectfully protested against the action of the captain. I say I
+deemed it my duty to interfere."
+
+Mr. Hamblin paused, and looked at the principal. He wished him to say
+that he also deemed it his duty to interfere; but Mr. Lowington did not
+say that, or anything else, and waited till the professor was ready to
+proceed.
+
+"I remonstrated with Mr, Kendall, and he saw fit to disregard my
+protest. I demanded that his order should be rescinded; but he was
+haughty and impudent in his manner. He told me that the boy should be
+sent to the ship. He appeared to be utterly wanting in judgment, though,
+up to this time, I had remonstrated only in the mildest terms. He
+informed me, in the most offensive manner, that he was the captain of
+the vessel."
+
+At this point Mr. Lowington bit his lips, to repress a smile which was
+involuntarily manifesting itself on his face.
+
+"Finally, sir, he sent for the boatswain and carpenter, and threatened
+to have me conveyed to the ship in irons. It was not enough to say he
+would send me to the ship, but he would send me in irons! Did ever a boy
+speak to a man like that before? In college, academy, and school, I have
+always been master; but here I find myself subject to the will of a
+stripling of sixteen or seventeen!"
+
+Mr. Hamblin finished his narrative, set his teeth tight together, and
+threw himself back in his seat to await the decision of the principal.
+
+"Captain Kendall, I will hear your version of this affair," said Mr.
+Lowington, mildly.
+
+The professor made a movement as if to spring to his feet. The
+proceedings seemed to be very irregular. He wanted the decision made
+upon his statement; and it appeared like an insult to him to ask a
+student for his version of the affair after the instructor had spoken.
+
+"When I was informed that McDougal had directed the hose-pipe at Mr.
+Hamblin," said Paul, "I decided to make an example of him; for I had a
+hint that the students intended to annoy the senior professor, and this
+was the third time something had happened to him. I was satisfied that
+the act was done on purpose, though I could not prove it."
+
+"It was not done on purpose," interposed Mr. Hamblin, wrathfully.
+"McDougal, on his knees--"
+
+"You will be kind enough not to interrupt Captain Kendall," said Mr.
+Lowington, mildly, but firmly.
+
+"I decided to send him on board of the ship, and directed the second
+lieutenant to report the circumstances to you. Before the boat had
+shoved off, Mr. Hamblin called me aside, and objected to my action. He
+said the affair was personal with him, and he was surprised that I had
+interfered with it. I replied that the matter affected the discipline of
+the crew, and that I should send McDougal on board of the ship. He was
+angry then, spoke of my lack of judgment, and said the boy should not be
+sent to the ship. I told him then, as decidedly as I knew how, that I
+commanded the vessel."
+
+"Yes, sir; that _he_ commanded the vessel!" said Mr. Hamblin, with much
+excitement.
+
+"Go on, Captain Kendall," added Mr. Lowington.
+
+"He used some strong language then, and I told him I had nothing more to
+say. As I was walking away, he told me to stop, and called me a puppy.
+He repeated the expression, and then I sent for Mr. Cleats and Mr. Gage.
+They came, and I informed Mr. Hamblin that if he applied another
+offensive epithet to me, I would send him on board the ship in irons."
+
+"Yes, sir! send _me_ to the ship in irons! Could you have conceived of
+such an indignity?" exclaimed the professor. "Am I a common sailor? Am I
+a servant? Am I a student? or am I the senior professor of the consort?"
+
+"Did you speak to Captain Kendall of his lack of judgment, Mr. Hamblin?"
+asked the principal.
+
+"I did, most assuredly; and I am free to say that a child would have
+exhibited more judgment than he did," replied the professor, warmly.
+
+"Did you say that McDougal should not be sent on board of the ship?"
+
+"I did; it was an outrage upon the boy after he had begged my pardon
+with his knees on the wet deck; and it was an outrage upon me, who had
+forgiven his offence."
+
+"Did you call Captain Kendall a puppy on the quarter-deck of the
+Josephine?"
+
+"I don't know whether it was on the quarter-deck or the half-deck."
+
+"Oblige me by answering my question."
+
+"Perhaps I did," replied Mr. Hamblin, looking upon the floor of the
+carriage; for this, he was conscious, was his weak point.
+
+"I must ask you either to affirm or deny that portion of Captain
+Kendall's complaint."
+
+"If I did, it was because I had been snubbed and insulted by a pupil."
+
+"You do not answer me, sir."
+
+"I did; and I am willing to acknowledge it was highly improper; but I
+was--"
+
+"It is not necessary to explain it," interposed Mr, Lowington. "I desire
+now only to obtain the facts. You applied this epithet twice to Captain
+Kendall--did you?"
+
+"Possibly I did. I was much excited."
+
+"Affirm or deny it, if you please."
+
+"I will grant that I did, though I do not now distinctly remember. It
+was wrong for me to use such language under any circumstances, but I
+have not been in the habit of being snubbed by my pupils."
+
+"Is there any other material fact you wish to add, Mr. Hamblin?" asked
+the principal.
+
+"Nothing more is needed, I think," replied the professor, who really
+believed that he had overwhelmed Paul, in spite of the conscious
+disadvantage he labored under in having used intemperate language
+himself. "It is plain enough that Mr. Kendall and I cannot get along
+together in the same vessel."
+
+"That is plain enough," added Mr. Lowington. "I had requested Professor
+Stoute and Mr. Terrill to take seats in this carriage in order to afford
+any information we might need; but I find the facts in the case are not
+disputed. On the material points, there is no difference of statement
+between Mr. Hamblin and Captain Kendall. I shall reserve my decision
+till we return to the vessels."
+
+"It will be impossible for me to do my duty to the students on board of
+the Josephine while Mr. Kendall is in command of her," said the
+professor, who wanted the decision at once, so confident was he that the
+principal could not sustain the young commander this time.
+
+"I shall arrange it so that you and Captain Kendall will no longer sail
+in the same vessels."
+
+That was very indefinite, but something was to be done; and this was all
+the comfort the professor received. Paul was much agitated, and Dr.
+Winstock talked to him for half an hour before he could fix his
+attention upon the novelties of the country hurried in panorama before
+him.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XII.
+
+"IN BELGIUM'S CAPITAL."
+
+
+"Gand!" shouted the guard, as he walked along the step before the doors
+of the compartments, just as the train entered the station.
+
+"I suppose that means Ghent," said Paul.
+
+"Yes; Gand is the French name of the place," replied Dr. Winstock.
+"There are many cities in Europe which you would not recognize by their
+foreign appellations."
+
+As the train stopped the whistle of the Young America's boatswain called
+the students together, and Mr. Lowington told them they could stay only
+two hours in the place.
+
+"Ghent is situated at the junction of the River Lys with the Scheldt,"
+said Professor Mapps, who, to the astonishment of the boys, seemed to be
+plumed for a lecture. "The numerous branches of these rivers, either
+natural or artificial, form canals which extend in all directions
+through the city. The town may be said to be composed of twenty-six
+islands, which are connected together by no less than eighty bridges.
+The grand canal extends from the lower Scheldt to the town, by means of
+which ships drawing eighteen feet can come up to the basin. All these
+canals are navigable for boats or vessels. It is surrounded by a wall
+seven or eight miles in extent, for its defence. On the grand canal,
+half way between the city and the West Scheldt, there are sluices, by
+which the whole country could be laid under water in case of invasion by
+an enemy.
+
+"Ghent has been called the Manchester of Belgium, on account of its
+being so largely engaged in cotton manufactures. Its factories are
+operated by steam power. The population in 1863 was one hundred and
+twenty-two thousand. The cultivation of flowers is largely carried on
+here, there being about four hundred hot-houses in the immediate
+vicinity of the city.
+
+"Ghent is a very old city, and occupies a prominent place in history. In
+the days of Charles the Bold it was the capital of Flanders. Charles V.,
+Emperor of Germany, was born here. It was formerly a city of vast
+importance, and at one time its wealth and power had increased to such
+an extent, that it was regarded as the rival of Paris. '_Je mettrais
+Paris dans mon Gand_,' Charles V. used to say, as he proudly
+contemplated this great city. What does it mean?"
+
+"I could put Paris into my glove," replied one of the French scholars
+near the professor. "But _gant_ is the French word for _glove_."
+
+"Near enough for a pun, and much nearer than modern punsters often get
+it," continued Mr. Mapps. "Ghent, in former days, had the reputation of
+being a turbulent city, and its people were bold and warlike. They have
+always been forward in asserting and defending their liberties; and you
+will find that the burghers of Ghent figure largely in Mr. Motley's
+Histories. I will not detain you longer now, but, as we pass through the
+city, I shall have something more to say about its historic character."
+
+A sufficient number of vehicles had been gathered during the professor's
+lecture to enable the students to make the most of their limited time in
+Ghent. They went first to the _Beffroi_, or Belfry-tower. It is a kind
+of watch-tower, two hundred and eighty feet high, built in the twelfth
+century. The structure is square, and is surmounted by a gilt dragon. It
+contains a chime of bells, and a huge bell weighing five tons. The
+records of the city were formerly kept in the lower part of the
+building, which is now degraded into a prison. The entrance to the tower
+is through a shop, and the view from the top is very fine.
+
+The Cathedral of St. Bavon, the Church of St. Michael, and the Hotel de
+Ville, or Town Hall, were pointed out, and the carriages stopped in the
+Marche au Vendredi, a large square, or market-place, which takes its
+name from the day on which the sale is held. The phrase means Friday
+Market. Mr. Mapps explained the use of the square, and pointed out the
+ancient buildings with Flemish gables, which look like a flight of
+stairs on each slope, which surrounds it.
+
+"This was the grand meeting-place of the citizens of Ghent," he
+continued; "the counts of Flanders were inaugurated here with great
+ceremony and splendor. Here the trades-unions, or societies of weavers,
+used to meet. Here the standard of rebellion was planted, and the people
+rallied around it to overthrow their oppressors. Here Jacques van
+Artevelde, the Brewer of Ghent, encountered a hostile association, and
+fought one of the most furious combats known in history. He was called
+the Brewer of Ghent, because, though of noble family, he joined the
+society of brewers to flatter the vanity of the lower classes. His
+partisans were chiefly weavers, and his opponents the fullers. In the
+midst of the strife the host--the consecrated bread and wine of the
+Catholic mass--was brought into the square, in order to separate the
+furious artisans; but it was disregarded, and the bodies of fifteen
+hundred citizens were left on this spot.
+
+"Van Artevelde, whose statue you see before you," added the professor,
+pointing to the object, "was a person of great influence. He was the
+ally of Edward III. of England, and had raised himself to the position
+of _Ruwaert_, or Protector of Flanders, by banishing its hereditary
+counts. By his advice, the King of England had added the _fleur de lis_,
+or lilies of France, to the British arms, claiming to be King of France.
+He courted the aid of the Flemish people, who were very powerful,--for
+it was said that Ghent alone could furnish eighty thousand fighting
+men,--in order to establish his claim to rule France.
+
+"Edward obtained the assistance of the Flemings; but he did not conquer
+France, though he gained some splendid victories, in which the famous
+Black Prince figured. Van Artevelde began to dread the vengeance of the
+hereditary counts of Flanders, whose power he had usurped, and in 1344
+he invited Edward to meet him at Sluis. Here the Brewer proposed to make
+Edward's son--the Black Prince--sovereign of Flanders, in order to
+secure the protection of England. He relied upon his influence with the
+citizens to induce them to submit to this arrangement; but the stout
+burghers rejected the proposal with contempt and indignation.
+
+"During Van Arteveldt's absence, a popular insurrection was fomented
+against him; and, on his return, as he rode through the streets, he was
+made conscious of the storm that was brewing against the Brewer. He went
+to his house, and barricaded the doors; but the street was soon filled
+by the mob. He addressed them from a window; but they would not hear
+him, and he attempted to escape by a back door into an adjoining church.
+Failing to accomplish this purpose, the infuriated people broke in upon
+him, and he was killed.
+
+"In this square, also, were kindled the fires of the Inquisition by the
+Duke of Alva, at the command of Philip II., and thousands perished in
+the barbarous persecution.
+
+"The rebellious spirit of the people of Ghent was very trying to Charles
+V. He demanded of them an enormous sum of money, to enable him to carry
+on a war against France. The burghers put the town in a state of
+defence, and privately offered their allegiance to Francis I. of France.
+He declined the offer, and maliciously informed Charles of it, who
+marched an army through France to punish the treason of his subjects in
+Ghent. Commanding this army in person, he reached the gates of the city,
+and surrounded its walls, before the people were aware of his presence.
+
+"The utmost consternation prevailed in the town, and messengers were
+sent to the emperor to sue for forgiveness. Without granting any terms
+to the rebels, he imperiously demanded that the gates should be opened.
+His command was obeyed, and the Spanish army marched into the town. The
+Duke of Alva suggested that the entire city should be destroyed; but
+Charles satisfied himself with beheading fourteen of the ringleaders of
+the rebellion, and confiscating their property. The principal officers
+of the city were ordered to appear before the emperor barefoot and
+bare-headed, clothed in black gowns, and with halters around their
+necks. They were compelled to sue for pardon on their knees. As an
+additional penalty, the magistrates were forbidden to appear in public
+without a halter on their necks, as a badge of their ignominy. The rope
+was worn; but, in the lapse of time, it became a silken cord, tied in a
+true-lover's knot, and was regarded as an ornament which the magistrate
+could not dispense with.
+
+"In 1570, when the people attempted to shake off the Spanish rule, the
+citadel or fortress at the Porte d'Anvers (which has been demolished)
+was besieged by the Prince of Orange. It was gallantly defended by the
+Spaniards for a long time; but, at last, three thousand of the burghers
+of Ghent, clothed in white shirts as a distinguishing mark, assaulted
+the citadel. Their scaling-ladders were not long enough, and the attack
+failed. On the following day, while preparations were in progress to
+renew the attack, the Spaniards capitulated. When suitable terms had
+been agreed upon, the garrison, only one hundred and fifty in number,
+marched out under the command of a woman. It appeared then that the
+governor of the fortress was absent, and that the Spaniards had been
+commanded, during the protracted siege, by his wife."
+
+This was rather a long speech to be made in the public square; but the
+boys, interested in the professor's remarks, gathered closely around
+him; and it is not probable that many of the Ghenters who had been
+attracted to the square by the unwonted scene understood a word that was
+said. The carriages next proceeded to the Beguinage, a kind of convent
+or nunnery. The establishment is a little town by itself, with streets,
+squares, and gates, and is surrounded by a wall and moat. In the centre
+there is a church. The houses are occupied by the Beguines, a sisterhood
+of nuns in Belgium which has six thousand members. They are bound by no
+vows, as ordinary nuns are, and may therefore return to the world at
+pleasure, marry, and come back in their widowhood. They act as Sisters
+of Charity in the city, and some of them are wealthy; but all wear the
+garb of the order. There are about six hundred of them in this colony.
+On the door of each house is the name of the patron saint of the
+occupant.
+
+The drive was continued through some of the principal streets of Ghent;
+and, within a few moments of the appointed time, the students were again
+seated in the railway carriages. The road to Bruges extends along the
+side of the canal from Ostend to Ghent, which has high banks, lined
+nearly all the way with tall trees. The view from the windows of the
+train was interesting rather than picturesque. In an hour the train
+stopped at its destination; but it was after six o'clock, and there was
+no time for Professor Mapps to make any long speeches, though Bruges
+had a history hardly less exciting than that of Ghent. It takes its name
+from the great number of _bridges_ which it contains; for the place,
+like Ghent, is cut up by canals.
+
+Bruges was once a rich and powerful city, reputed to contain two hundred
+thousand inhabitants; but, like nearly all the Flemish cities, it has
+declined from its former grandeur, and now contains only fifty-one
+thousand, nearly a third of whom are paupers. In the fifteenth century,
+the Dukes of Burgundy held their court here; it had an immense foreign
+commerce, and its warehouses were filled with the silks and woollens
+manufactured in the vicinity. All this has passed away, the town has the
+aspect of a ruined place, and its lofty and elegant public
+buildings--the remains of former prosperity--seem to mock its present
+desolation.
+
+Fine houses may be hired in Bruges at a rent of from sixty to a hundred
+dollars a year. It is said that a house has not been built in the city
+for a century, for the reason that its diminishing inhabitants were more
+than supplied by those which had once accommodated four times its
+present population. The place is dead and dull. The streets are nearly
+empty. A man-servant finds himself upon a hundred dollars a year, and a
+French teacher charges twenty cents an hour for his services.
+
+The Church of Notre Dame contains the tombs of Charles the Bold and of
+his daughter Mary. La Chapelle du Saint Sang takes its name from several
+drops of the blood of the Savior, which are said to have been brought
+from the Holy Land. They were presented to the town, and are kept in a
+richly jewelled shrine, which is exhibited to visitors at half a franc a
+head. The famous order of the Knights of the Golden Fleece, so often
+mentioned by Motley, whose emblems are seen in many of the churches of
+Belgium, was established at Bruges, by Philip the Good, Duke of
+Burgundy. The weavers of Flanders had carried the manufacture of wool to
+a degree of perfection which added greatly to the prosperity of the
+country, and the Golden Fleece was a fitting symbol of the industry of
+the people, as well as a compliment to their skill.
+
+The great point of interest in Bruges to the students of the squadron
+was "The Belfry of Bruges," which Longfellow has celebrated in his poem
+of that name, and in the "Carillon." It is a beautiful Gothic tower, on
+an antique building known as _Les Halles_, or The Market, a part of
+which was intended for a meat market, and a part for a cloth hall. The
+spire, or belfry, is two hundred and ninety feet high. It contains the
+finest set of chimes in Europe. They play four times an hour, and their
+music is almost incessant. The machinery by which they are operated
+consists of an immense metallic cylinder, or drum, covered all over with
+cogs and pins, like that in a music-box. As this drum turns by the
+action of a huge weight, the pins strike against the levers that
+communicate with the bells. For half an hour on Sunday they are played
+by hand, as at Antwerp.
+
+The praise bestowed upon the chimes seemed to the students to be well
+merited. There is nothing more touching and beautiful than the music of
+these bells. The boys could not help taking in the inspiration they
+imparted; and when it transpired that Mr. Modelle, the professor of
+elocution, had a copy of Longfellow in his pocket, they almost
+unanimously insisted that the poems relating to the scene should be
+read. They gathered around him, the circle closely flanked by the men,
+women, and children of the dull old town, who had apparently been roused
+from their lethargy by the advent of the young Americans. In his deep
+bass tones he read the Carillon first.
+
+   "In the ancient town of Bruges,
+   In the quaint old Flemish city,
+   As the evening shades descended,
+   Low and loud, and sweetly blended,
+   Low at times and loud at times,
+   And changing like a poet's rhymes,
+   Rang the beautiful wild chimes
+   From the belfry in the market
+   Of the ancient town of Bruges."
+
+The students listened with almost breathless interest till the last line
+of the "Belfry" was read; there was something so grand and beautiful in
+the poem itself, as the images of the past are brought up,--
+
+   "I beheld the pageants, splendid,
+   That adorned those days of old:
+   Stately dames like queens attended,
+   Knights who bore the Fleece of Gold,"--
+
+and something in the association of the living lines with the real
+belfry of Bruges before them, that the impression was one to be
+remembered for years.
+
+After a hasty walk through a couple of the ancient streets of the city,
+the students returned to the railroad station, and the train started for
+Brussels, a ride of about two hours from Bruges. It was half past nine
+when they arrived at the capital of Belgium. The party were greeted by
+Mr. Fluxion, who had been sent direct from Antwerp to make arrangements
+for their stay over night. Captain Kendall, his officers and crew, were
+sent to the Hotel Royal in the Rue Fosse aux Loups. It was a small
+hotel, but very nice and comfortable. Mr. Molenschot, the proprietor,
+spoke English, but he appeared to be the only person in the house who
+could do so. He was very polite and attentive to the students, and spoke
+familiarly and pleasantly to them about "my hotel."
+
+Mr. Fluxion himself had a faculty for keeping a hotel, and understood
+precisely what tired travellers wanted when they came in late in the
+evening; and he had ordered, in addition to the _the complet_, the
+_bif-stek_ and _pomme de terre_. The boys were as hungry as wolves, and
+the solid part of the entertainment was very inviting. Each dish of
+beefsteak was covered over with nicely browned fried potatoes. In a few
+moments there was hardly a vestige of the feast remaining on the table.
+
+The Young America's ship's company were quartered at the Hotel de
+l'Univers, and the Hotel de Suede, so that the party was separated; and
+Paul was rather glad of it, because there were some belonging to the
+ship who were not influenced by the motives which prevailed in the
+Josephine. He could control his crew, even without the aid of Mr.
+Fluxion, who, with several of the professors also lodged at the Royal.
+
+They were a jolly party at the supper table; and as none of the waiters
+spoke a word of English, there was a great deal of fun made in giving
+their orders; but everybody was remarkably good-natured, including the
+waiters themselves.
+
+"Waiter," called Lynch, who, as a general rule, was not guilty of
+knowing much about any of his studies, "bring me the _bur_."
+
+The servant took no notice of him.
+
+"Call him a _garcon_" said Grossbeck.
+
+"_Garcon!_" shouted Lynch.
+
+"_Monsieur_," replied the man.
+
+"Bring me the _bur_."
+
+"You might as well call for a Canada thistle," laughed Duncan, who was
+one of the best French scholars in the Josephine.
+
+"I want some butter; I have eaten up all the _bif-stek_, and all the
+_pomme de terres_, and now I want some bread and butter. These fellows
+don't understand their own language."
+
+"_M'apportez du beurre_," added Duncan.
+
+"_Oui, oui, oui!_" exclaimed the waiter, producing the required article.
+
+"That's the idea," replied Lynch; "that man's improving. But this
+_beurre_ is so fresh I can't eat it; I want some salt."
+
+"Call for it, then," laughed Duncan.
+
+"I will; here's a go. _Garcon_, mapperty sellier!"
+
+"Good!" roared Duncan. "If we had a saddle of mutton for supper, I
+should suppose you would want what you called for."
+
+"I want the salt."
+
+"I thought you did; and that's the reason why you called for a saddler."
+
+"I didn't call for any saddler. I said _sellier_."
+
+"Precisely so; and that is a saddler."
+
+"What shall I say?"
+
+"_Sel._"
+
+"_Sel_; _sellier_. Well, I knew there was a sell about it somewhere."
+
+"Precisely; but you were sold. I advise you not to make any long
+speeches in French."
+
+"You may bet your life I shall not," replied Lynch.
+
+"Just mention the thing you want in one word; then you won't confuse
+_garcon's_ intellect by flooding it with ideas."
+
+"_Garcon--sel_," added Lynch, acting upon this excellent advice.
+
+The waiter brought the _sel_, and nobody was sold this time.
+
+"I think I shall pick up the French language in time," added Lynch,
+encouraged by his success.
+
+"Perhaps you will, but the Hotel Royal will have crumbled to dust before
+that happy event occurs."
+
+There was any quantity of blunders made at the table, and some of the
+students had nearly choked themselves to death with laughing at them,
+and at the blank looks of the waiters when spoken to in a tongue which
+Mr. Fluxion declared sounded more like Low Dutch than decent French. Mr.
+Molenschot laughed too, and intimated that "my hotel" had never been so
+lively before.
+
+"What now, Captain Kendall?" said Mr. Fluxion, when the supper and the
+blunders had ended.
+
+"My officers and crew wish to take a little walk," replied Paul.
+
+"What! to-night?. It is after ten o'clock."
+
+"They wish to see how 'Belgium's capital' looks in the evening."
+
+"Of course you can do as you think best; but I advise you to be cautious
+with them. They may get into trouble in a strange city, or get lost. If
+some of them can't speak French any better than they did at supper, they
+will have to go to the watch-house, because they can't ask the way
+back."
+
+"They can say _Hotel Royal_. None of my crew have ever got into trouble
+since the ship's company was organized," added Paul, who wanted to go
+out himself, and could not deny to others what he took himself.
+
+The permission was given to walk till eleven o'clock, but the boys were
+admonished to behave properly, and to return punctually. Lynch and
+Grossbeck, who still clung together as fast friends, left the hotel in
+company.
+
+"This is jolly--isn't it?" said Lynch, as they passed out of the Rue
+Fosse aux Loups into the Place de la Monnaie, a small square in front of
+the Theatre Royal.
+
+"For less than an hour," added Grossbeck, gloomily.
+
+"We don't understand French, and so we can't tell what time it is,"
+laughed Lynch.
+
+"That won't go down. We were told to be back at eleven."
+
+"But if we don't know what time it is, we can't be tied to the
+bell-rope."
+
+"No use; the captain knows the boom from the bobstay, and if he isn't a
+Knight of the Golden Fleece, you can't pull wool over his eyes. You know
+he put McDougal through this morning."
+
+"Well, come along. We'll have a good time while it does last," replied
+Lynch, apparently appalled by recalling the summary treatment of his
+shipmate.
+
+"Everybody seems to be having a good time here," said Grossbeck, as they
+passed a _cafe_, in front of which were a great number of small tables,
+at which gentlemen were drinking, smoking, and carrying on noisy
+conversation. "I don't see any reason why we should not. What are they
+drinking there?"
+
+"Beer, or wine, I suppose," answered Lynch, as he led the way he knew
+not whither, turning to the left, because the street in that direction
+looked more lively than the others.
+
+There was nothing to be seen, as most of the shops were closed; but they
+continued on their way till they came to a kind of arcade, a building
+which contained a broad passage-way, opening from the street, with a
+large number of little shops on either side.
+
+The interior was brilliantly lighted, and most of the small stores were
+devoted to fancy goods and other showy articles. The young seamen
+entered the arcade, in which many people were promenading.
+
+"They say this city is a second edition of Paris on a small scale,"
+continued Lynch. "This is very well got up; but from what I have seen of
+the town, it looks like a one-horse city. The streets are not much wider
+than a cow-path."
+
+"But they say it is like Paris," added Grossbeck.
+
+"My eyes! there's a clock that speaks English! It is half past ten,"
+exclaimed Lynch. "But I'm not going back to the Hotel Royal till I've
+had a little fun. There's a what-you-call-it, where they sell wine.
+Let's go in, and see what it's like."
+
+The place indicated was a wine-shop, and the two boys entered, seating
+themselves at one of the little tables. The prompt waiter came to them,
+bowed and scraped, and flourished a napkin, and hinted that he would be
+happy to take their order.
+
+"What will you have, Grossbeck?"
+
+"I'll take a glass of wine."
+
+"Let's see you take it!" laughed Lynch. "What shall we call for? I don't
+remember a word of French, now that I want to use it."
+
+"Perhaps the _garcon_ can speak English. Ask him."
+
+"Ask him? What shall I say?"
+
+"O, I know. _Parlez-vous Angleterre?_" added Grossbeck, turning to the
+waiter.
+
+"_Non, monsieur_," replied the waiter, who did not speak "England."
+
+"O, confound it! What's the Dutch for wine?" demanded Lynch,
+impatiently.
+
+"I know--_eau de vie_. _Garcon, eau de vie_," replied Grossbeck,
+confidently.
+
+The waiter disappeared, and presently returned with a small decanter and
+two minute wine-glasses.
+
+"I knew _eau de vie_ would bring it," added Grossbeck, as he filled the
+little glasses.
+
+"That's pretty strong wine," said Lynch, when he had swallowed the
+contents of the glass with a very wry face.
+
+"That's so."
+
+They looked about them till the clock indicated that it was time to
+start for the hotel; but they decided to repeat the dose from the
+decanter, and did so.
+
+"That's the strongest wine I ever drank," said Grossbeck.
+
+"How much is it?" asked Lynch.
+
+"Let's see--_combien?_"
+
+"_Un franc cinquante centimes_," replied the waiter, after he had
+glanced at a gauge on the decanter which indicated the quantity of the
+fiery fluid that had been consumed.
+
+Neither of them could understand the answer, and Grossbeck handed the
+_garcon_ a franc. The man shook his head, and held out his hand for
+more. Lynch gave him another franc, and he returned a half franc piece.
+
+"_Pour boire?_" said the man with a winning smile.
+
+"Poor bwar! Who's he?" demanded Lynch, in whose head the strong water
+was producing its effect. "He means 'poor boy.' I say, Grossbeck, does
+he think I'm--I'm sizzled? I feel so myself. Come, let's go."
+
+They rose, and moved in a serpentine path to the door.
+
+"_Pour boire?_" repeated the _garcon_, following them.
+
+"That's what's the matter. I'm a poor boy! I was a fool to drink more'n
+one nip of your camphene," hickuped Lynch. "Here, old fellow, here's a
+half of one of those francs. Don't say nothing more about it. I'm a poor
+boy, but I shall get over it."
+
+The young tippler handed the half-franc piece to the waiter, who bowed,
+scraped, flourished his napkin, and fled.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XIII.
+
+THREE CHEERS FOR THE KING OF BELGIUM.
+
+
+"I say, Grossbeck, you and I are two bigger fools than Napoleon was when
+he went to Russia," said Lynch, as they reached the street again.
+
+"That's so. 'There was a sound of revelry by night, and Belgium's
+capital'--got considerably mixed," replied Grossbeck, whose head was not
+quite so full as his companion's.
+
+"What shall we do, my boy?" stammered Lynch. "That wine was nothing
+short of camphene. We shall be seen by the captain, and we shall both be
+sent to keep company with poor McDougal. We've lost our mess on the
+Josephine."
+
+"Stiffen up, Lynch. Don't give way to it. What sort of a sailor are you,
+that can't bear two thimblefuls of wine?"
+
+"That wine was camphene, I tell you. It feels just like a whole bunch of
+friction matches touched off at once in my stomach--that's so. I'm a
+poor boy and no mistake, Grossbeck."
+
+Lynch suddenly stopped, and grasped his companion by the arm.
+
+"What's the matter," demanded Grossbeck.
+
+"It's no use for me to drink wine. The _eau de vie_ carries too many
+guns for me. I'll tell you what I'm going to do. I'm going to get out of
+this scrape."
+
+"So am I; but come along, or we shall be late."
+
+"I'm going to join the temperance society, and never drink any more
+wine--not another drop of _eau de vie_ for me."
+
+Lynch evidently felt that he had got into trouble for nothing; that the
+satisfaction of drinking the firewater was very unsatisfactory in the
+end. He had sense enough left to see that disgrace and degradation
+awaited him, and he dreaded the prompt action of Captain Kendall, as
+exhibited in the case of McDougal. While still suffering from the
+effects of the tipple, he resolved to drink no more; but pledges made in
+the heat of intoxication are not the most hopeful ones.
+
+The boosy youngsters worried along the street; but instead of turning to
+the right, into the Rue de la Monnaie, they went straight ahead, and
+were soon lost in a maze of narrow streets. They were conscious that
+they had gone astray, and looked in vain for the square in front of the
+Theatre Royal, which they had marked as an objective point. At last they
+came across a solitary policeman, who paused on his walk to observe
+their unsteady tramp.
+
+"Hotel Royal?" said Grossbeck, addressing the officer.
+
+"_Oui_," replied the man, pointing in the direction from which they had
+come, and leading the way himself.
+
+In a few moments they reached the square they had missed, and Grossbeck
+recognized the flaming signs of a large clothing store, on the corner
+of the street in which the hotel was located.
+
+"Thank you. I am very much obliged to you," said he to the policeman, as
+he pointed to the street.
+
+"_Oui_," replied the officer, solemnly, though the grateful
+acknowledgments of the juvenile tippler were lost upon him, except so
+far as he could interpret them by the motions of the speaker.
+
+"I feel meaner than Napoleon did after the battle of Waterloo," groaned
+Lynch.
+
+"Stiffen up, now. Here's the hotel," added Grossbeck.
+
+"Well, what shall we do? I can't walk straight, and my head spins round
+like a top," pleaded Lynch.
+
+"Dry up. Starch your back-bone. Here comes a lot of the fellows."
+
+"Who are they?" asked Lynch, trying to stiffen his back, and get the
+bearings of his head.
+
+The party approaching proved to be half a dozen of "our fellows," who
+stopped, and immediately discovered the condition of the two hopefuls.
+
+"I say, McKeon, can't you help us out?" said Grossbeck.
+
+"Ay, ay; certainly we can," replied "our fellows," in concert, as they
+gathered closely around the inebriates, and, thus encircling them,
+marched into the hotel.
+
+"Keep still, Lynch; don't say a word," whispered Grossbeck, as they
+entered the hall, effectually concealed from the observation of the
+officers by their companions.
+
+Mr. Fluxion stood at the door, and checked off the names of the party as
+they entered, on the list he held, so as to be sure that all had come
+in. It was not an easy thing for Lynch to ascend three flights of
+stairs; but his companions supported him, and contrived to screen him
+from the officers, till they reached the room where they were to sleep.
+The door was closed and fastened, and Grossbeck gratefully acknowledged
+the kindness of his friends in getting them out of the scrape.
+
+"What did you drink?" asked McKeon.
+
+"Wine," answered the tippler.
+
+"What kind of wine?"
+
+"I don't know--_eau de vie_."
+
+"_Eau de vie!_" exclaimed Blount, whose knowledge of French was above
+the average of that of "our fellows."
+
+"That's what we called for," added Grossbeck.
+
+"And it was as strong as camphene," said Lynch, as he tumbled into bed.
+
+"It was brandy!" laughed Blount.
+
+The boys all laughed at the blunder, and Lynch repeated his pledge not
+to drink any strong liquors, wine, or beer again. Grossbeck defended his
+conduct by saying that he had heard a great deal about the light wines
+of Europe, which people drank like water, and he did not suppose a
+couple of thimblefuls of it would hurt them.
+
+"Call for _vin rouge_ next time," laughed Blount; "that means red wine,
+or claret. It isn't much stronger than water."
+
+"No, sir!" ejaculated Lynch, springing up in bed, though with much
+difficulty; "I shall not call for red wine, or anything of the sort.
+From this time, henceforth and forevermore, I'm a temperance man. I
+won't drink anything but water, and only a little of that. I feel
+cheaper than Napoleon when he landed on the Island of St. Helena."
+
+The party turned in, and in a short time all of them, tired out by the
+fatigues of the day, were fast asleep. Mr. Fluxion, before half past
+eleven, had reported all the students in the house. At six o'clock in
+the morning all hands were turned out, and several squads of them were
+exploring the city on their own account. But it was not till after
+breakfast that a systematic excursion was organized. A number of
+omnibuses and one-horse barouches, or _voitures_, had been engaged by
+Mr. Fluxion, and, seated in these, the ship's company proceeded to the
+Grande Place, which is a large square, with the Hotel de Ville on one
+side, and the old Palace, or Broodhuis, on the other side.
+
+The Hotel de Ville is one of the most splendid municipal palaces in the
+Low Countries, where these structures are always magnificent specimens
+of architecture. The spire, of open work, in Gothic style, is three
+hundred and sixty-four feet high. The vane, which is a gilded copper
+figure of St. Michael, is seventeen feet high. The building was erected
+in the fifteenth century.
+
+By the attention of the governor of Antwerp, several officials were in
+readiness to escort the visitors through the city; and at their beck the
+doors of public buildings and churches, and the gates of palaces and
+gardens, were thrown open. The party entered the Hotel de Ville, and in
+one of its large rooms an opportunity was afforded for Mr. Mapps to
+expatiate a little on the city of Brussels.
+
+"Young gentlemen, what is the French name of this city?" asked the
+professor, as he took the stand occupied by the chief magistrate of the
+city.
+
+"Bruxelles," responded many of the boys; for they had seen it often
+enough upon signs and in newspapers to know it.
+
+"Unlike many of the cities of Belgium which we have before visited,
+Brussels is a growing place. Its population has doubled in twenty years,
+and now numbers about three hundred thousand. It is situated on both
+sides of the little River Senne, one hundred and fifty miles from
+Paris,--which it imitates and resembles in some degree,--and
+twenty-seven miles from Antwerp. It is built partly on a hill; and the
+city consists of two portions, called the upper and the lower town, the
+latter being the older part, and containing all the objects of historic
+interest. In the upper town are the Park, the king's palace, and the
+public offices. The streets are irregular, narrow, and crooked; but the
+city is surrounded by a broad highway, having different names in
+different parts, as the _Boulevard de Waterloo_, the _Boulevard de
+Flandre_, and the _Boulevard d'Anvers_.
+
+"The oldest part of the city is in the vicinity of this square--the
+_Grande Place_, in which the Counts Egmont and Horn were beheaded by the
+Duke of Alva. You saw their statues in the square. In this city, in an
+old palace burned in 1733, Charles V. abdicated in favor of his son
+Philip II. Here, also, was drawn up that celebrated document called the
+Request. It was a petition to Margaret of Parma, in favor of the
+Protestants of the Low Countries, of which you read in Motley. It was
+presented to her in the Hotel de Cuylembourg, where a prison now stands.
+She was somewhat alarmed at the appearance of the petitioners; and one
+of her courtiers told her, in a whisper, not to be annoyed by the
+'_gueux_,' or beggars. The leader of the confederates, hearing of this,
+regarded the epithet bestowed upon those who were defending the
+liberties of their country as an honorable appellation, and the
+petitioners adopted it as their war-cry. In the evening, some of them
+appeared in front of the palace with beggars' wallets on their backs,
+and porringers in their hands, and drank as a toast, 'Success to the
+_Gueux_!' This trivial incident proved to be one of the leading events
+of the revolution which deprived Spain of the Low Countries; for it
+kindled the enthusiasm of the people, and urged them on in the
+redemption of their country. In Motley you will find a full history of
+the 'Beggars.' Alva was so incensed at the turn of this affair, that he
+levelled to the ground the building in which the confederates met.
+
+"Brussels has long been celebrated for its manufactures of lace and
+carpets; but while it still retains its prestige in the former, it has
+been outdone in the latter. The finest and most valuable lace is made
+here and in some of the neighboring cities, and is literally worth its
+weight in gold. The most expensive kind costs two hundred francs (or
+forty dollars) a yard."
+
+Mr. Mapps finished his remarks for the present, and the ships' company
+returned to the carriages, and were driven to the Place des Martyrs,
+where there is a large monument erected to the memory of three hundred
+Belgians, who fell in the Revolution of 1830, which made Belgium an
+independent kingdom. From this point they passed into the broad
+Boulevards to the Botanical Gardens, which, however, they did not enter,
+but continued up the hill to the Park, a large enclosure, beautifully
+laid out, and ornamented with statues. In one corner of it is the
+Theatre du Parc, while in the square which surrounds it are located the
+king's palace, the palace of the Prince of Orange, the Chamber of
+Representatives, and other public buildings. The students visited the
+king's palace;--but his majesty usually resides at Laeken, and the
+establishment represents royalty on a small scale--and the Chamber of
+Representatives, in which the two branches of the Belgian legislature
+convene. In the latter, a woman showed them the Chambers, pointing out
+some fine pictures, including portraits of the king and queen, and the
+Battle of Waterloo, explaining everything in French.
+
+"Where shall I find the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Stoute?" asked
+Professor Hamblin, nervous and excited at the near prospect of standing
+face to face before the great man of Belgium, and of being complimented
+upon his great educational works.
+
+"I don't know; but his office must be somewhere in this vicinity,"
+replied the fat professor, laughing at the excitement of his associate.
+
+One of the officials in charge of the party volunteered to conduct them
+to the apartment of the distinguished revolutionist.
+
+"You must come with me, Mr. Stoute," said the professor of Greek. "If it
+turns out that Mr. Rogier don't speak English, I should be in an
+unfortunate dilemma."
+
+"I will go with you with pleasure," laughed Mr. Stoute, who was rather
+desirous of witnessing the interview.
+
+They were conducted to the apartments of the distinguished minister, and
+formally and ceremoniously ushered into his presence. He bowed, and
+regarded his visitors with cool indifference.
+
+"Whom have I the honor to address?" asked the minister, in good English,
+when Mr. Hamblin had made his best bow.
+
+"I am Professor Hamblin, from the United States, at your service,"
+replied the learned gentleman, who seemed to believe that this
+announcement would bring the Belgian statesman to his feet, if not to
+his arms--the professor's.
+
+"Ah, indeed!" replied the minister, blankly.
+
+"I had the pleasure of receiving a note from you at Antwerp," added the
+American celebrity, annoyed at the coolness of the revolutionist.
+
+"A note from me!" exclaimed the Belgian celebrity, curtly. "I never saw
+you or heard of you before in my life."
+
+Mr. Hamblin produced the formidable envelope, and drew therefrom the
+epistle of sweet savor, which had been such a comfort to him in his
+troubles. He presented it to the minister, satisfied that this would
+recall the matter to his recollection.
+
+"This note is not from me. I did not write it," said the Belgian, when
+he had glanced hastily at the page.
+
+"Really, I beg your excellency's pardon; but it is signed with your
+name."
+
+"It is a forgery--what you Americans call a practical joke, probably. I
+haven't been in Antwerp for months."
+
+There was an apparent convulsion in the fat frame of Mr. Stoute, who was
+evidently struggling to suppress his mirth, or keep it within decent
+limits.
+
+"I am very sorry, sir," stammered Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"The letter is an imposition, sir. I never heard of you before in my
+life," added the great Belgian, tossing the note back to the professor,
+with an impatience which indicated that he never wished to see him
+again.
+
+That vision had exploded--no invitation to dinner, none to visit the
+king, none to accept the position of Librarian of the Greek portion of
+the Royal Library, whose only duty was to consist in drawing his salary.
+Mr. Hamblin bowed, and so far conformed to his original programme as to
+back out of the office. Doubtless he came to the conclusion, in his
+disgust, that Belgium was a "one-horse" kingdom, and that royalty was a
+humbug.
+
+The vision exploded; so did the mirth of Mr. Stoute, as soon as the door
+of the department of foreign affairs had closed behind him. He laughed
+till every ounce of his adipose frame quivered.
+
+"What are you laughing at, Mr. Stoute?" demanded the disappointed suitor
+for Belgian honors.
+
+"You will excuse me, sir; but really I can't help it," choked the fat
+professor.
+
+"I really don't see anything to laugh at," added Mr. Hamblin,
+indignantly.
+
+"I was intensely amused at the shuffling indifference of Monsieur
+Rogier. He evidently regards himself as a very great man, not to be
+disturbed by insignificant Greek scholars."
+
+"What do you mean by _insignificant_, Mr. Stoute?" asked the lean
+professor, solemnly.
+
+"Why, the minister had never even heard of you, of your Greek Grammar,
+Greek Reader, and Anabasis. Such is fame!" chuckled the good-natured
+instructor.
+
+"'What we Americans call a practical joke,' were the words of the
+minister. Do you regard this as a joke, Mr. Stoute?" said the learned
+gentleman, very seriously.
+
+"I suppose it is a joke to all, except the victim."
+
+"Do you know anything about the author of this senseless piece of
+imposition?"
+
+"Certainly not. I had not the least idea that the ponderous document was
+not genuine till his excellency pronounced it a forgery."
+
+"Who could have done this?"
+
+"Some of the students, probably."
+
+"Probably," replied the professor, taking the note from his pocket
+again, and carefully scanning the handwriting. "I have no doubt it was
+done by one of the students. It is another of their infamous tricks--the
+fourth that has been put upon me. Do the other instructors suffer in
+this manner?"
+
+"I have not heard of any other victims, and I am inclined to think you
+are the only one."
+
+"I do not see why I should be selected as the recipient of these silly
+and ridiculous, not to say wicked, tricks. A rope falls on _my_ head,
+_I_ am pitched into the river, drenched with dirty water, and now sent
+on a fool's errand to the king's chief minister! I don't understand why
+I am the only sufferer."
+
+Professor Stoute did understand why Mr. Hamblin had been so frequently
+sacrificed, but he had a habit of minding his own business, and did not
+venture to give an opinion on the subject, which probably would not have
+been well received. What the fat professor knew all the boys in the
+Josephine, and most of those in the Young America, knew--that the cold,
+stiff, haughty, tyrannical, overbearing manner of the lean professor had
+made him exceedingly unpopular; that the students disliked him even to
+the degree of hating him; that if he had ever had any influence with
+them, he had lost it by his ridiculous sternness and stupid precision.
+Mr. Hamblin did not know this, but everybody else did.
+
+"Don't you know this writing, Mr. Stoute?" demanded the irate man of
+Greek roots, after an attentive study of the note.
+
+"I do not."
+
+"I do!" added Mr. Hamblin, decidedly.
+
+"You are fortunate then. If we can unearth the culprit, he will be
+severely punished."
+
+"I am not so clear on that point. This note was written by Captain
+Kendall."
+
+"Impossible!" exclaimed Mr. Stoute, seizing the note, and examining more
+attentively than he had done before the writing it contained.
+
+It did look like Paul's writing. It was his style, and there were not
+more than two students in the Josephine who could have composed the
+French in the document. Those two were Paul and Duncan. But Mr. Stoute
+was unwilling to believe that the captain would resort to such a
+proceeding.
+
+"I shall charge him with it," added Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"I advise you not to do it without more evidence than you have yet
+obtained," said Mr. Stoute, seriously.
+
+"After we return to the vessel I shall probably be able to obtain some
+proof," continued Mr. Hamblin, as he put the letter in his pocket.
+
+When they went to look for the rest of the party, they found them
+forming a line in the square. Present with Mr. Lowington was his
+excellency, the governor of Antwerp, who had just invited the company to
+visit the palace gardens. In even lines, with the officers in their
+proper places, the procession marched across the park and through the
+gates, at which a file of Belgian soldiers presented arms to them. In
+the garden they formed a line on one of the walks. Near the palace,
+walking to and fro, was an old gentleman, but still erect and manly,
+with a glittering decoration on his breast. Several other persons, most
+of them dressed in uniform, or decked with orders, were standing near
+the old gentleman.
+
+Presently the governor of Antwerp approached the ship's company,
+attended by an officer to whom Mr. Lowington was introduced. The three
+then walked towards the old gentleman, to whom the principal was
+presented. The venerable personage bowed gracefully, but did not offer
+to shake hands, or indulge in any republican familiarities.
+
+"That's the King of Belgium," said Dr. Winstock to Paul, as the
+principal and the venerable person approached the line, followed by the
+officials.
+
+"The king!" exclaimed Paul, taken all aback by the announcement; and
+this was the first time he had ever looked upon a live monarch. "He
+seems just like any other man; what shall we do?"
+
+"Give him three Yankee cheers," replied the doctor.
+
+Captain Kendall spoke to the flag-officer and to Captain Haven.
+
+"Three cheers for his majesty the King of Belgium!" called Flag-officer
+Gordon.
+
+They were given with a will, but the "tiger" was omitted in deference to
+royalty. King Leopold gracefully and graciously acknowledged the salute
+by touching his hat, and then walked up and down the line, inspecting
+the ship's company. Mr. Lowington, hat in hand, walked just behind him.
+His majesty then took position in front of the line, and the students
+came to the conclusion that he was going to make a speech; but he did
+not: he spoke to Mr. Lowington again, who went to the line and called
+out the flag-officer and the two captains.
+
+"You are to be presented to the king; don't speak unless you are asked a
+question, and don't turn your back to him," said Mr. Lowington in a low
+tone.
+
+Paul was startled at the idea of being presented to King Leopold, but he
+followed his companions, and in due time was with them handed over to
+the gentleman who had presented the principal, and who proved to be the
+grand chamberlain.
+
+"Captain Kendall, commander of the Josephine," said the gentleman, when
+Paul's turn came.
+
+Paul bowed, blushing up to the eyes, when he became conscious that the
+royal gaze was fixed upon him; but he had self-possession enough not to
+overdo the matter, and his salute was as dignified and graceful as that
+of majesty itself. The king smiled when he saw the fine form and
+handsome face of the junior captain.
+
+"Do you command a ship?" asked his majesty, surveying the young officer
+from head to foot, with a pleasant smile on his face.
+
+"I command the Josephine, your majesty; she is not a ship, but a topsail
+schooner of one hundred and sixty tons," replied Paul, satisfied that
+kings speak just like other men.
+
+"You are very young to command a vessel of that size," added the king.
+
+Paul bowed, but made no reply, as no question was asked.
+
+"Can you manage her in a gale?" asked his majesty.
+
+"I think I can, your majesty; at least I have done so within a week on
+the coast of your majesty's dominions."
+
+The king actually laughed at this confident reply. As he bowed slightly,
+Paul, for the first time in his life, backed out, and continued to back
+till he reached his station at the head of the Josephines. The king then
+bowed to the whole line, and retired. As he did so, Flag-officer Gordon
+called for three more cheers. The king turned and bowed again. This
+time the snapper, in the form of the tiger, was applied, which so
+astonished the royal personage that he turned once more, laughed, and
+bowed.
+
+Professor Hamblin looked very nervous and discontented. "That boy" had
+been presented to the king, and he, who had compiled a Greek Grammar, a
+Greek Reader, and edited the Anabasis, had been "left out in the cold."
+If it was possible for a great mind like that of the _savant_ to harbor
+such a vicious feeling as envy, he certainly envied Paul Kendall his
+brief interview with the King of the Belgians.
+
+The party retired from the garden, and returned to the carriages. It
+appeared in explanation of this unexpected honor, that the governor of
+Antwerp had waited on the king that day, and informed him casually of
+the presence of the students of the academy squadron in the capital, and
+he had expressed a desire to see them in a very informal manner. Mr.
+Lowington was no "flunky," and never sought admission to the presence of
+royalty, for himself or his pupils.
+
+As the procession of omnibuses and fiacres moved down to the lower town,
+they were thrown into great excitement by seeing many of the streets and
+houses dressed with flags and other devices. On inquiring at the hotel,
+Mr. Molenschot informed Paul that it was a saint's day, and that a
+religious procession would march through some of the principal streets.
+
+"Go down into the Boulevard d'Anvers, and you will have a good chance to
+see the show," added the landlord.
+
+"What is it?"
+
+"O, it is really very fine and very grand; but go at once, or you will
+be too late."
+
+The students were permitted to go to the street indicated, and they had
+hardly secured a good place before they heard martial music, playing a
+solemn dirge.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XIV.
+
+THE VICE-PRINCIPAL.
+
+
+[Illustration: A RELIGIOUS PROCESSION IN BRUSSELS.--Page 230.]
+
+A crowd of people preceded the procession, as it came out of the Rue de
+Laeken into the Boulevard d'Anvers. At the head of it marched the
+military band, and the _cortege_ was flanked by soldiers of the Belgian
+army, indicating that the government felt an interest in the display.
+The students were on the tiptoe of excitement at the novel spectacle;
+and Paul asked his friend, the doctor, a great many questions which he
+could not answer. The composition and order of the procession were very
+nearly as follows:--
+
+   A man bearing a cross on a pole.
+   Banner.
+   Little girls dressed in white, with flowers in their hands.
+   Little boys.
+   Banner.
+   Image of the Virgin borne by four men.
+   A lamb, very white and clean, led by a string, and
+   decorated with red ribbons, with boys on each
+   side, carrying various emblems.
+   Young ladies in white.
+   Another image of the Virgin.
+   About twenty priests, in white muslin robes, and in
+   satin robes trimmed with gold.
+   Two boys with censers.
+   Silken canopy, borne by four men, under which walked
+   two ecclesiastics, in full costume one
+   bearing the Host.
+
+The canopy was surrounded by men carrying lanterns with silver
+framework, and of peculiar construction. The censers, as they were swung
+backward and forward by the bearers, emitted a dense smoke, which rose
+far above the procession, and marked its progress.
+
+As the _cortege_ approached the spot where the boys stood, the band
+ceased playing, and the priests began to chant the mass to the
+accompaniment of a single base horn. The procession moved very slowly,
+and the rich voices of the priests, mingling with the heavy notes of the
+horn, produced an effect solemn and impressive even on the minds of
+those whose religious education did not prepare them to appreciate such
+a display.
+
+As the host approached, hundreds of the crowd in the street knelt
+reverently upon the pavement, and bowed their heads before the sacred
+emblems. Women and children strewed the path of the procession with
+flowers, green branches, or, in the absence of these, with handfuls of
+colored paper cut into minute pieces. Indeed, the street, in places, was
+literally covered with these votive offerings of the people, who had no
+other means of testifying their reverence for the ceremonial.
+
+The line filed into the Rue Longue Neuve, which was extensively
+decorated with flags, streamers, and other national and religious
+emblems. In many windows burned a line of candles, in some cases before
+a crucifix. In this street the procession halted, and several of the
+priests moved up an arch forming the entrance to one of the better
+residences. In this recess an altar had been erected, and was covered
+with all the emblems of the Catholic faith. The priests knelt before it,
+and chanted a portion of the service, and then returned to the
+procession, which continued its march up the street; the flowers and
+bits of colored paper filling the air before it, and the people still
+reverently bowing down to the host. The solemn and impressive chanting
+of the priests kindled the pious enthusiasm of the multitude, and as the
+line passed the _cafes_ and _estaminets_, or smoking houses, the pipe,
+the drink, and the gay jest were abandoned, to pay homage to the faith
+of the nation.
+
+The faces of the little children and the white-robed maidens in the
+procession presented an aspect of religious enthusiasm, solemn but not
+sad, which young people seldom wear. Everybody seemed to be carried away
+by the excitement of the scene; all hats were removed, and the utmost
+respect was paid to the representatives and to the emblems of the church
+in the line.
+
+As Paul and his friend followed the spectacle up the street, they saw a
+Beguine nun kneeling at the altar in the arch, wringing her hands in an
+ecstasy of devotion, while several women were regarding her with an
+admiring reverence, which seemed to indicate that they envied her the
+enjoyment of the heavenly raptures which thrilled her.
+
+"It is very solemn--isn't it?" said Paul, when they had passed out of
+hearing of the procession.
+
+"It is really moving, even while you have no sympathy with the church
+which makes these displays."
+
+"I think I was never more moved in my life than I was by the chanting of
+those priests. But what is the occasion of all this?"
+
+"I don't know; except that this is some saint's day--St. James, I
+believe; but there is something of this kind in Brussels nearly every
+Sunday; and I have seen several minor displays in the streets in the
+evening."
+
+"I am surprised to see how much respect the people pay to their
+religion. If they have these displays often, I should think they would
+become stale."
+
+"It appears they do not. I have a great deal more consideration and
+respect for these exhibitions in Belgium than in some other parts of
+Europe, for the reason that all religions enjoy the utmost toleration
+here. The people are almost exclusively Catholic, and yet they permit
+Protestants and Jews entire freedom in the exercise of their religion,
+and pay them their fair share of the government money."
+
+At two o'clock dinner was ready at the Hotel Royal; and it need not be
+added that the boys also were ready. Half an hour later the whole party
+had been loaded into stage-coaches, which, in an hour and a half, set
+them down on the battle-field of Waterloo. For two hours they wandered
+about the field, or rather up and down the two principal roads which
+pass through it. On the highest ground of the field, where there is a
+mound two hundred feet high, surmounted by the Belgic Lion, Mr. Mapps
+gave a brief account of the great battle, pointing out the spots of the
+greatest interest, including the road by which Blucher arrived. The
+subject is too vast for these pages; but it will be alluded to in the
+summary of French history in a subsequent volume.
+
+There are several monuments, and columns, and obelisks on the
+battle-field, which mark the fall of distinguished men or their
+burial-places. Beneath the great mound are buried thousands of all the
+armies represented in this historical conflict, which settled, for a
+time, the fate of Europe. The field is the harvest-ground of a multitude
+of beggars, relic-hunters, and guides, who bore visitors almost to death
+with old buttons, musty rags, flattened bullets, bones, and other
+articles, which they produce as keepsakes of the battle. The stock of
+these things probably failed long ago, and the traveller may well be
+suspicious of the genuineness of anything which may be offered to him by
+these leeches.
+
+At six the stages conveyed the tourists to the Groenendael Station, on
+the railway to Namur, where they arrived after a ride of an hour,
+express time. This place is the "Belgian Sheffield," being largely
+engaged in the manufacturing of arms, cutlery, and hardware. Its
+vicinity contains rich mines of iron, coal, and marble. Many battles and
+sieges have occurred in this place; and Don John of Austria, sent by
+Philip II. to subdue the country, was buried here. The city contains a
+population of twenty-six thousand, and is beautifully located at the
+junction of the Meuse and Sambre Rivers. The train stopped here but an
+hour; and the students roamed through some of the principal streets,
+which, however, were too much like those of places they had visited
+before to excite any especial interest.
+
+Two hours later, they arrived at Liege, which was to be the eastern
+limit of the excursion. As before, Mr. Fluxion had preceded them, and
+engaged accommodations at the hotels. The students were very tired, and
+not disposed to explore the city of the bishops that night. Before
+breakfast on the following morning, Mr. Mapps gave them the history and
+other interesting particulars relating to the city, when they had
+assembled in the old citadel of St. Walburg, which overlooks the town.
+
+"Liege, whose Flemish name is _Luik_, contains one hundred and nine
+thousand inhabitants, who are principally concerned in the various
+manufactures of iron, and especially in the making of cannon and arms,"
+said the professor. "I observed to you before, that this part of the
+country bears some resemblance to New England. As you have an
+opportunity to observe for yourselves, the scenery is very fine, but
+rather of the pleasant and quiet description.
+
+"The province of Liege, of which this city is the capital, was formerly
+governed by a line of bishops; and those of you who have read Scott's
+Quentin Durward will remember William de la Marck, the Wild Boar of
+Ardennes, whose adventures are located in this vicinity. In the tenth
+century, the bishops of Liege were made sovereigns by the German
+emperor, and received the name of Prince-Bishops. But the burghers of
+Liege, like those of Ghent, had a will and a way of their own, and
+frequently rebelled against the bishops, in support of their rights; and
+Charles the Bold took the rulers under his protection. Still they
+persisted in revolting, and Charles destroyed the city, as a punishment,
+in 1468. Fifteen years later, William de la Marck murdered the
+prince-bishop, in order to obtain the mitre-crown for his son. This was
+the beginning of the insurrection, in which, as I have related to you
+before, Charles the Bold compelled the king of France to march against
+the rebels.
+
+"The place was subsequently captured by the French; the bishops were
+expelled at the commencement of the French Revolution, but were restored
+by the Austrians two years later. In 1794 it was annexed to France; but
+after the battle of Waterloo it was incorporated into the new kingdom of
+the Netherlands. In 1830 the old spirit of the burghers of Liege
+revived, and they were among the foremost promoters of the Belgian
+Revolution."
+
+The students descended from the heights, whose fortresses command the
+city, took an outside view of the Hotel de Ville, several churches, and
+other public buildings, and breakfasted at nine. Though they had by no
+means exhausted the city, the time would not permit a further
+examination. The train was ready for them; and their next stop was at
+Louvain, which, like Ghent and Bruges, had dwindled down from a
+population of two hundred thousand to thirty-three thousand. It contains
+a magnificent town hall, decorated in the most elaborate style.
+
+From Louvain the party hurried on to Mechlin, or Malines, a picturesque
+old city, still famous for its fine lace. It is about the size of
+Louvain, and, like that, presents a deserted appearance, being only the
+shadow of its former greatness. Its principal object of interest to the
+tourist is the Cathedral of St. Romuald, a structure of the fifteenth
+century, and, like the great churches at Cologne and Antwerp, still
+unfinished. It was built with money obtained by the sale of the pope's
+indulgences, which, happily, "gave out" at last. Its spire, which was to
+have been six hundred and forty feet high, remains incomplete, at little
+more than half this height, which, however, is only eighteen feet less
+than the cross on St. Paul's, in London. The church is an immense
+structure, said to cover nearly two acres of ground. It is the cathedral
+of the Belgian archbishop, or primate.
+
+"There, Paul, we have finished Belgium," said Dr. Winstock, as the train
+started for Antwerp.
+
+"I am glad of it; for I am tired of sight-seeing. It seems to me now
+that I have no desire to see another Cathedral, Hotel de Ville, or
+Grande Place," replied Paul, languidly, as he settled himself back in
+his seat.
+
+"A new country will wake you up," laughed the doctor. "I suppose we
+shall be in Rotterdam to-morrow."
+
+"I hope so, though I don't know but I should like blue water better than
+being shut up in these rivers and canals."
+
+"You will get blue water enough before the season is ended."
+
+In half an hour from Malines, the train reached Antwerp. Mr. Fluxion had
+arrived before; and there were two tugs at the Quai Vandyck, which had
+been employed to tow the vessels down the river. They conveyed the
+students on board, and the orders for sailing were given immediately.
+
+Mr. Hamblin, who had not yet recovered from his disappointment, hastened
+to the cabin. He commenced a diligent search for papers written by the
+captain, in order to compare their penmanship with that of the forged
+note. As Mr. Stoute had been compelled to acknowledge, there was a
+general resemblance between the handwriting of Paul and that of the
+unknown scribbler of the note. Though a minute comparison failed to
+establish any closer connection between them, the professor wanted to
+make out his point; and it was not difficult for him to find a
+particular similarity.
+
+Paul was busy on deck, getting the Josephine under weigh, and Mr.
+Hamblin had the cabin to himself for his investigation. The stamp on the
+paper of the fictitious note had already excited his attention, and he
+took the liberty to enter Paul's state-room, in search of some like it.
+He opened the upper drawer of the bureau, which formed a writing-table
+when the front was dropped. The first object that attracted his
+attention was a package of paper of the size, and apparently of the
+quality, he sought. He picked up a quire of it, and a smile of
+vindictive satisfaction played upon his wrinkled face, as he discovered
+upon it the identical stamp of the forged note.
+
+His case was made out, and great was his joy. Paul would certainly be
+disgraced and removed for such an outrage as a practical joke upon one
+of the most dignified instructors in the squadron. We must do Mr.
+Hamblin the justice to say, that he did not wish to prove any more than
+he believed to be true; but it is very easy for a prejudiced person to
+believe a great deal against one who has offended him. A student who was
+not fond of Greek could not be a very noble, or even a very upright one;
+and he was confident that, when Paul's true character became known, when
+he was no longer stimulated to great deeds by his high office, he would
+prove to be a very different person from what he now appeared to be.
+
+Mr. Hamblin confiscated a half quire of the paper, and secured several
+French exercises written by Captain Kendall, to be used as evidence
+against him. He then searched the vessel for similar paper in the
+possession of other students, but found none. He went on deck, to
+ascertain what was to be done; for Mr. Lowington had assured him he
+would not be any longer obliged to sail in the same vessel with the
+obnoxious student. A boat from the ship was alongside, and Mr. Fluxion
+had just stepped on board. The boatswain was hoisting his baggage out of
+the boat, which indicated that he was to remain.
+
+Paul was reading an order just handed to him by Mr. Fluxion, which
+appeared to settle the difficulty between him and the learned professor.
+The order was in these words:--
+
+    Mr. James E. Fluxion is hereby appointed vice-principal of the
+    academy squadron, and will be obeyed and respected accordingly.
+
+    Mr. Fluxion is also hereby instructed temporarily to discharge the
+    duties of Professor of Greek, Latin, and Mathematics, on board of
+    the Josephine.
+
+                                         R. LOWINGTON, _Principal_.
+
+The new vice-principal handed a note to Mr. Hamblin as he came upon
+deck, in which he was directed to repair, with his baggage, on board of
+the ship. The learned gentleman was not quite satisfied with this
+arrangement. It looked a little ominous.
+
+"Have you no order for Captain Kendall, Mr. Fluxion?" he asked, as the
+vice-principal waited for him to read his letter.
+
+"I have given him an order from the principal."
+
+"Is he not directed to go on board of the ship?"
+
+"He is not."
+
+"I have preferred charges against him, and I was led to believe that he
+would be suspended," added Mr. Hamblin, who was not quite sure that he
+was not to be suspended himself.
+
+"No order to that effect was sent by me," replied Mr. Fluxion. "You will
+excuse me, but the vessel is about to get under weigh."
+
+"I am not satisfied with these proceedings. I complained to Mr.
+Lowington that it was impossible for me to instruct my classes while
+they were under the influence of Captain Kendall. No notice appears to
+have been taken of my charges."
+
+"I think some notice has been taken of them. You are directed to report
+to the principal, with your baggage, on board of the ship."
+
+"Am I to be punished instead of that obstinate and impudent pupil?"
+demanded the professor.
+
+"I have nothing to say about it, Mr. Hamblin," added Mr. Fluxion,
+sharply. "If you are not going to the ship, we will weigh anchor and
+proceed on our voyage."
+
+The professor went down into his state-room, and hastily packed his
+trunk, which was brought up and put in the boat by one of the stewards.
+The students watched these movements with the deepest interest, and they
+could hardly conceal their satisfaction when it was clear that the
+obnoxious instructor was going to leave the Josephine, "bag and
+baggage." There was a great deal of punching each other in the ribs, a
+great deal of half-suppressed chuckling, and a very decided inclination
+to give three cheers. A few of the more prudent ones checked any noisy
+demonstration; but the moment that Mr. Hamblin went over the side was a
+very joyous one.
+
+The Josephine tripped her anchor, and, hugged by the steam-tug, stood
+down the river on her way to Rotterdam. Mr. Fluxion went below, and
+installed himself in the state-room vacated by Professor Hamblin. Mr.
+Stoute gave the vice-principal a hearty welcome; and it was soon evident
+that they were men who could cordially agree. Paul was delighted with
+the change; for if there was any one in the squadron, besides the
+principal and the doctor, for whom he had a high regard and a thorough
+respect, it was Mr. Fluxion. He was a sailor from the sole of his foot
+to the crown of his head. He had visited all the maritime ports of
+Europe, spoke half a dozen modern languages with facility, and was
+popular with the boys. He was a sharp disciplinarian, and the students
+found it difficult to outwit him. He knew all the tricks of sailors,
+and especially of man-of-war's men. He was the right hand man of Mr.
+Lowington, and the new arrangement, whereby the professor had been
+created vice-principal, and sent on board the consort, was to prevent
+the recurrence of such an incident as that which had imperilled her in
+the German Ocean during the squall.
+
+Though Paul felt that his own powers were in some degree abridged by the
+presence of the new officer, whose authority, unlike that of the
+instructors before, extended to the vessel, and was equal to that of Mr.
+Lowington, he was now satisfied. A competent person was present, with
+whom he could share the responsibility of the navigation of the vessel
+in case of an emergency. He was on the best of terms with Mr. Fluxion,
+and he was happier than he had been before since the Josephine sailed
+from Hull. Leaving him to the enjoyment of the new order of things, we
+will follow Mr. Hamblin on board of the ship.
+
+The barge ran up alongside, and the professor's trunk was hoisted on
+board. As soon as the students saw the barge and the baggage, which
+indicated that the obnoxious old gentleman had been transferred to the
+Young America, a murmur of disapprobation went through the ship.
+
+"I say, Wilton, we are to have that old humbug in the ship!" exclaimed
+Perth, the chief of the Red Cross Knights, who, however, had changed
+their name to the Knights of the Golden Fleece.
+
+"That's so," replied Wilton, who had contrived to keep out of the brig
+nearly a week. "He has his plunder with him."
+
+"We must do as the Josephines did," added Perth, in a whisper.
+
+"What's that?"
+
+"Get rid of him. This shall be the first job of the Knights of the
+Golden Fleece. McDougal, who is a capital fellow, told me all about how
+the fellows in the Josephine managed it."
+
+"I heard they had been hazing him."
+
+"That they did," laughed Perth. "There is fun in the thing. If the old
+fossil was a decent fellow, of course we wouldn't disturb him. Just as
+soon as he made a row on board, all the fellows took the captain's part.
+Morgan dropped him into the river, by drawing out the nail that held the
+boat-hook in the wood; Blount dropped a coil of signal halyards on his
+head; and McDougal ducked him with the hose-pipe; and the old fellow got
+a bogus letter from Antwerp, inviting him to visit some of those kings,
+or something of that sort."
+
+"Who sent the letter?" asked Wilton, greatly interested, as he always
+was, in anything of this kind.
+
+"Nobody knows; at least McDougal says so. When we were at Brussels, the
+old Greek went to see some big fellow there,--the king or some
+minister,--and the big bug wouldn't look at him. One of our fellows
+heard Stoute telling the doctor about it; and Fatty was so tickled that
+he shook just like a freshly-baked cup-custard. There goes the
+boatswain's whistle. We are off now," added Perth, as he sprang to his
+place at the capstan.
+
+The anchor had before been hove short, and in a few moments the Young
+America, also in the warm embrace of a powerful steam-tug, moved down
+the river.
+
+"All hands in the rigging!" shouted the first lieutenant, as the ship
+approached the Victoria and Albert.
+
+The students ran up the shrouds like monkeys, and stationed themselves
+in the rigging.
+
+"Three cheers for the Queen of England," called Goodwin; and they were
+given with becoming zeal.
+
+A lady dressed in black, who was walking the promenade deck, near the
+dining saloon, bowed and waved her handkerchief. That lady was Queen
+Victoria. The Josephine at this moment came up on the other side, and
+delivered her round of cheers. Mr. Fluxion carried the intelligence on
+board that the queen had returned, and that the yacht would sail that
+evening; and all hands were on the lookout for her majesty. She bowed
+and waved her handkerchief to the Josephines, as she had to the students
+in the ship.
+
+She was not very distinctly seen by the curious students in either
+vessel, and appeared like a stout "dumpy" little woman, in no respect
+different from any other lady. In spite of this fact, it was voted to be
+a big thing to have seen the Queen of England; and the king of the
+little realm of Belgium sank into insignificance, compared with her.
+
+"She don't look like a queen," said Captain Haven to Mr. Mapps, who
+stood next to him.
+
+"Did you expect to see her with her crown and coronation robes on, and
+with the sceptre in her hand?" laughed the professor.
+
+"Not exactly; but I was not prepared to see a lady so much like any
+well-dressed woman we meet in the street."
+
+"Let me see," said Mr. Mapps, glancing at the shore, intent upon
+renewing his favorite topic, "Fort St. Laurent must have been here; and
+this is where Van Speyk went down, or rather went up."
+
+"Who was Van Speyk?"
+
+"He was the commander of a Dutch gunboat, in the revolution of 1830. His
+vessel wouldn't come about--what do you call it?"
+
+"Missed stays, sir," replied Captain Haven.
+
+"Missed stays, and got aground right under the guns of the fort. He was
+ordered to surrender, but refused to do so, though there was not the
+least chance for him to make a successful resistance. He was determined
+that the rebels should not have his vessel, and, rushing down into the
+powder-magazine, he said his prayers, and coolly laid his lighted cigar
+on an open barrel of powder. An explosion followed which shook the whole
+city. Twenty-eight, out of thirty-one on board, including the heroic
+captain, were killed--blown up into the air. A monument to his memory
+was erected by the side of that of De Ruiter, and the government pledged
+itself that a vessel in the Dutch navy should always bear the name of
+Van Speyk."
+
+"He was a good fellow," replied the captain, warmly.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XV.
+
+THE PROFESSOR'S CHARGE.
+
+
+"I say, Perth, I've been a good boy for more than a week, and I begin to
+be ashamed of myself for my want of activity," said Wilton, who had
+seated himself on the bowsprit-cap, while his companion was reclining on
+the flying jib. "I shall spoil if there is not something going on soon."
+
+"We'll go on that cruise in the Josephine just as soon as we can bring
+things round right," added Perth.
+
+"It's no use to think of that while we are moored fifty or a hundred
+miles from the sea," continued Wilton.
+
+"Of course not. Rotterdam is away up the river, with a bar at its mouth
+having only seven feet of water on it at low tide. You must go over
+that, or by the canal, which runs through an island. Do you know where
+we go next?"
+
+"I heard some of the fellows say we were going to the southward soon."
+
+"If that's so I should suppose we shall go into Dieppe or Havre," said
+Perth.
+
+"I heard Havre mentioned. How will that suit?"
+
+"First rate!" exclaimed the embryo captain of the proposed prize, for
+the Knights depended upon Perth for the navigation of the Josephine,
+when their long-cherished plan should be put in execution.
+
+"I suppose we shall not stay in Holland more than a week."
+
+"No, I hope not. Lowington is afraid we shall all get sick if we stay
+here long."
+
+"Havre is just the place for us. It has an open harbor, and we can go to
+sea from there without any difficulty. Besides, there's another thing
+that will favor us."
+
+"What's that?" asked Wilton.
+
+"All the fellows will go to Paris when the ship is there, and we can
+have a first-rate chance to operate while they are gone."
+
+"I don't know about that. Our fellows will all want to go to Paris with
+the rest. I want to go there myself," suggested Wilton.
+
+"We may as well give it up, then," added Perth.
+
+"We must see Paris, anyhow."
+
+"I'll tell you what we can do. We can run round through the Straits of
+Gibraltar, and up the Mediterranean to Marseilles. From there we can all
+go to Paris.".
+
+"That will be a long cruise," said Wilton.
+
+"No matter for that. The longer the better."
+
+"How far is it?"
+
+"Not less than two thousand miles. We could go in ten or fifteen days,"
+added Perth, warming up as he anticipated the pleasure of the runaway
+cruise. "After we get into the Mediterranean, we can run along the coast
+of Spain, go into port as often as we like, and have a first-rate time
+generally."
+
+"But don't you suppose Lowington will follow us?"
+
+"No matter if he does. We can beat the Young America on a wind from
+Monday morning till Saturday night. If we find the ship is overhauling
+us, all we have to do is to hug the wind, and we can give her the slip."
+
+"We haven't money enough to pay the expenses of such a trip," said
+Wilton.
+
+"There's plenty of money in the Josephine. But we don't need much. The
+vessel has a year's provisions in her hold."
+
+"Salt junk and hard tack," suggested Wilton, who was not partial to this
+diet.
+
+"That will do very well while we are at sea; and when we get to Spain we
+can buy things cheap. Besides, our fellows are going to raise some money
+on their own account," said Perth, in a whisper.
+
+"How's that?" asked the other, curiously.
+
+"Every one of the Knights wrote home to have their folks send them some
+money at Paris,--or every one but you and Munroe; and the game was
+played out with you and him, for you had some sent to you in London."
+
+"Yes; and Lowington got it," replied Wilton in disgust.
+
+"We fixed it all right. We shall find loose change enough on board of
+the Josephine to keep us happy till we get to Paris, by the way of
+Marseilles, and then we shall be rotten with stamps."
+
+"But don't you expect to be caught some time or other?" inquired Wilton,
+whose experience on a former occasion seemed to point in this
+direction.
+
+"No matter if we are. We must be ready for that; but we will be jolly
+while we have things our own way."
+
+"It's no use to talk about it yet," added Wilton, with a yawn, for the
+wild scheme seemed so far off to him that he could not enter into the
+spirit of it yet.
+
+"It won't be more than a week or ten days before we shall be ready to
+make a strike. You know we must all cut up so as to be left on board."
+
+"Yes, and some one will be left on board with us, just as it happened at
+Cowes."
+
+"It won't be Fluxion, anyhow; for he has been transferred to the
+Josephine, and we can come it over any other of the professors. However,
+we must feel our way, and the first thing we have to do is to get left
+on board."
+
+"Humph! That's easy enough," said Wilton, who had never found any
+difficulty in being left behind, or in being condemned to the brig.
+
+"We must make a sure thing of it next time; but it won't do to run away
+with a boat again. Hush up! There comes that old stick-in-the-mud from
+the Josephine," added Perth, lowering his voice to a whisper.
+
+The gentleman thus discourteously alluded to was Mr. Hamblin,who had
+climbed upon the topgallant forecastle for the purpose of obtaining a
+view of the region through which the vessel was passing. As the two boys
+were far out on the bowsprit, over the water, he did not venture to
+approach any nearer to them; yet the excessive prudence which the
+Knights practised required them to keep silence whenever there was a
+possibility that a word might be overheard by the uninitiated.
+
+"I wish he would come up here," whispered Wilton, from the corner of his
+mouth.
+
+"Why?"
+
+"I would contrive some way to spill him into the drink," chuckled the
+ever-willing conspirator.
+
+Mr. Hamblin was then cool and self-possessed, and he did not venture out
+upon the treacherous spar, and the entangling rigging, so that the
+wretch on the cap had no opportunity to give him a second bath in the
+dirty Scheldt. The learned gentleman was looking for the site of the
+Duke of Parma's Bridge, but he couldn't find it, and presently retired.
+He was not much interested in the Spanish operations in Flanders, though
+he felt it his duty to see a spot so noted in history--it was so
+effective, before a class of students, to be able to say he had seen the
+place alluded to in the text-book. He was, in fact, more concerned to
+know what Mr. Lowington's decision was, and he was waiting impatiently
+for an interview with him.
+
+"The old hunks is too mean for the Josephines, and he has been quartered
+upon us!" exclaimed Wilton, as the professor descended to the main deck.
+"The fellows in the consort say he is as grouty as a mud turtle, and as
+crabbed as an owl at noonday. He snubs every one that makes a blunder,
+and rips at the class half the time."
+
+"They say Lowington don't like him much better than the fellows do,"
+added Perth.
+
+It would be difficult to explain how any of the students had reached
+this conclusion; but it is certain that boys understand their guardians
+and instructors much better than the latter generally suppose.
+
+"Perth, I think we might as well have our liberty stopped for serving
+out Old Crabs, as for anything else," suggested Wilton.
+
+"I'm willing; the Knights will do that job handsomely, you may bet your
+life."
+
+"But we musn't get caught too soon."
+
+"We work in the dark, and we can do the thing as well as the Josephines
+did."
+
+"Let's study up something at once, and put him through a course of
+sprouts. I don't believe in tolerating a professor who was too mean for
+the Josephine," replied Wilton, shaking his head, as though a personal
+indignity had been put upon him.
+
+"All right; we will be ready as soon as he is. What's the row on deck?"
+continued Perth, rising from his seat, as a group of students gathered
+in the rigging, and on such elevations as would enable them to see over
+the bulwarks.
+
+"Only one of Mapps's long yarns," answered Wilton.
+
+"I'm going down to see what it is."
+
+Perth went down, but Wilton had not the slightest interest in anything
+Mr. Mapps had to say; and he stretched himself on the jib, which had
+been cast loose ready to hoist, in case it should be required.
+
+"This is the place where the Duke of Parma built his great bridge over
+the Scheldt," said the professor of history, as the students gathered
+around him.
+
+"What did he build the bridge for?" asked one of them.
+
+"In order to close the navigation of the river, and thus prevent the
+people of Antwerp from obtaining provisions, which came to them from
+Holland. When the Prince of Orange was assassinated, the Duke of Parma
+was making his preparations to subdue the country. By the death of the
+prince Holland was left without an effective leader, while in the duke
+Spain had one of the most accomplished and energetic generals of his
+age. Parma saw that Antwerp was the key to the situation, and he
+directed his whole attention to its capture.
+
+"Before this time the Prince of Orange had realized that the loss of
+Antwerp would be the loss of the whole of the region which is now called
+Belgium; and when it was clear in what direction his skilful antagonist
+proposed to operate, he had advised the cutting of the dike on your
+right, which would lay the country under water, and open a channel of
+communication with Holland and Zealand by water. Unfortunately, his
+advice was disregarded till the duke had secured the dikes--a neglect
+which caused the loss of Antwerp, and with it the whole of Flanders.
+
+"Though Parma had erected forts all along the banks of the river, the
+hardy Dutchmen ran the gantlet of them, and Antwerp was well supplied
+with food, the price being four times as much as in Holland. The people
+of the city, and even their leaders, ridiculed the idea of constructing
+the bridge, and took no steps to prevent it. The death of Orange caused
+a panic throughout the Netherlands, of which the shrewd Parma took
+advantage, and urged on his preparations. Though crippled in a measure
+by the neglect of his sovereign to supply him with men and money, the
+bridge was completed in the face of tremendous obstacles. It was
+twenty-four hundred feet long, and composed of thirty-two boats, or
+vessels, bound together by hawsers, cables, and beams. On each side was
+a wall of timbers, and on the structure guns were planted for its
+defence. A fort was erected at each end, heavily armed and manned.
+
+"When the bridge was finished, the Antwerpers, who had laughed to scorn
+the idea of such a structure, found that their supplies were cut off.
+They made two attempts to break through the bridge, but failed in both,
+though in one of them they made a breach by exploding a fire-ship, and
+destroyed nearly a thousand Spanish soldiers, and Parma himself was
+knocked senseless. The attempt was not followed up with sufficient
+energy, and the Spaniard had time to repair the work. Antwerp, deprived
+of provisions by the skill and determination of the duke, was starved
+out and compelled to surrender. The country continued under the Spanish
+yoke, while the United Provinces maintained their independence."
+
+The attentive audience which had gathered around the professor separated
+when he had finished the story. Some of them went aloft, to look over
+the dikes, and with their eyes followed the long lines of ditches and
+canals which extended into the interior.
+
+In the mean time, Mr. Hamblin walked the deck very uneasily, waiting for
+an opportunity to discuss his position with the principal. The studies
+of the classes were to be resumed on the following day, and he was
+anxious to know what disposition was to be made of him. The ship was
+already provided with an excellent instructor in Greek and Latin; and
+only in the department of mathematics was there a vacancy, made by the
+transfer of Mr. Fluxion. It would be impossible for Mr. Hamblin to teach
+anything but Greek and Latin, though he had had some experience in the
+other branches.
+
+Mr. Lowington seemed to be provokingly indifferent on the subject, and
+the professor was at last compelled to ask an interview, which, however,
+his dignity compelled him to defer till the ship was approaching
+Flushing, when the steamer was to leave her. The principal understood
+the character of the learned gentleman very well, and knew that any
+manifestation of anxiety on his own part would so inflate the vanity of
+the professor that he could do nothing with him; but he granted the
+interview when it was demanded.
+
+"Mr. Lowington, I am rather desirous of knowing what is to be done,"
+said the _savant_, when they were alone in the main cabin. "I find that
+Mr. Fluxion has been transferred to the place I filled on the Josephine.
+As you are aware, I was employed to teach Latin and Greek."
+
+"I am aware of it," replied the principal, still appearing to be
+singularly indifferent in such a momentous crisis, as it seemed to Mr.
+Hamblin.
+
+"I presume Mr. Fluxion is competent to teach the classics."
+
+"Entirely competent. He was assigned, in the beginning, to the
+department of navigation, on account of his knowledge of practical
+seamanship. I don't know that he has any superior as a teacher of the
+classics."
+
+Mr. Hamblin did not like this answer. The principal had no business to
+think that any one was _his_ equal in the department of Greek and Latin,
+especially the former. Mr. Fluxion had never written a Greek Grammar,
+compiled a Greek Reader, and edited the Anabasis. The remark of the
+principal was very injudicious.
+
+"Having been displaced from my position in the consort, I am rather
+desirous of knowing what is to be done with me," added the professor,
+choking down his disgust.
+
+"I hope we shall be able to make an arrangement that will be
+satisfactory to you, at least for the present," replied the principal.
+"I have had some consultation with the instructors; and Mr. Paradyme has
+obligingly consented to take the department of mathematics in the ship
+for a time, and the Greek and Latin will be assigned to you."
+
+"This arrangement is entirely satisfactory to me, Mr. Lowington,"
+answered the professor, who was really delighted to obtain what was
+regarded as the senior professorship in the squadron; and it seemed
+quite fitting that the place should be given to him.
+
+"This is only a temporary arrangement," added the principal, desirous to
+prevent any misunderstanding in the future.
+
+This was not entirely satisfactory to Mr. Hamblin, who thought a thing
+so fitly done ought to be permanent.
+
+"It is not pleasant for me to feel unsettled, and to be liable to a
+change at any time," said the professor. "I think I should prefer my
+place in the Josephine."
+
+"Since you and the captain of the Josephine cannot agree, it does not
+appear to be practicable for you to remain there."
+
+"Do you expect me to submit when insulted by a pupil, Mr. Lowington?"
+asked Mr. Hamblin, solemnly. "Will you allow a student to insult me?"
+
+"I will neither allow a student to insult you, nor you to insult a
+student," replied the principal, with the most refreshing frankness.
+
+"You will not allow _me_ to insult a pupil!" exclaimed Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"Certainly not."
+
+"Do you think me capable of doing such a thing?"
+
+"I am sorry to say you have proved that you are. You called one of them
+a puppy."
+
+"But not until--"
+
+"Excuse me, Mr. Hamblin. I do not purpose to discuss this matter again."
+
+"May I ask if you sustain Mr. Kendall in his conduct towards me?"
+
+"I do--fully."
+
+"I am astonished, sir!"
+
+"So am I--astonished that a gentleman of your learning and ability
+should so demean himself as to apply offensive epithets to his pupils.
+In the first place, you had no right to interfere with the discipline of
+the vessel; and when Captain Kendall told you that he commanded the
+Josephine, he said no more than the truth, and no more than the
+circumstances required him to say. In the second place, after you called
+him a puppy, and repeated the epithet, on the quarter-deck, I could not
+have blamed him if he had put you in irons. I approve his conduct
+fully. As you insulted him before his officers and crew, it was
+necessary that he should vindicate himself before them."
+
+"I am afraid this vessel is no place for me," said the professor, with
+extreme disgust.
+
+"I am afraid not, if you cannot observe the rules of the ship."
+
+"I think I have observed the rules, sir. Mr. Kendall used every means in
+his power to annoy me; and still you sustain him in it. He knows that
+you are partial to him."
+
+"I am not aware that Captain Kendall used any means to annoy you."
+
+"I think you do not know that boy as well as I do. A rope was thrown
+down upon my head: the offence was suffered to pass unnoticed by Mr.
+Kendall. I was wilfully or carelessly thrown into the river; the captain
+did not consult me, but made his inquiries in private, and of course the
+culprits escaped."
+
+"You were thrown into the river by your own carelessness, Mr. Hamblin. I
+saw the whole of it."
+
+"So Mr. Kendall told me, in the most offensive tones. I do not complain
+of these things; I only mention them for the sequel. A boy drenched me
+with water; he begged my pardon on his knees, and I forgave him; but
+this offence the captain punishes in the most severe manner. Why?
+Apparently because I--the only sufferer--had forgiven the offender."
+
+"It was necessary for the captain to put a stop to such pranks."
+
+"But he did not use good judgment. McDougal explained the matter, and
+was exceedingly sorry."
+
+"But he drenched you on purpose."
+
+"Impossible, sir!"
+
+The principal called one of the stewards, and sent for McDougal, who
+presently appeared. He had already confessed that the drenching was not
+an accident, and he repeated his statement, to the utter astonishment of
+the discomfited pedagogue. During the excursion on shore, some of the
+Josephines had told him that the trouble between Paul and the professor
+had been on his account; and he had made the confession in order to
+justify the captain, at whatever cost to himself. The spirited conduct
+of the young commander had filled the boys with admiration, and they
+were determined that he should not suffer, whoever else did.
+
+"You did it on purpose--did you?" repeated the _savant_. "May I ask why
+you did it?"
+
+"The fellows didn't like you, and were bound to get you out of the
+Josephine," replied McDougal, candidly.
+
+"The fellows!" exclaimed Mr. Hamblin. "Were there others concerned in
+this iniquitous transaction?"
+
+"More than a dozen of them."
+
+"Did you write the letter to me which purported to come from the Belgian
+Minister of Foreign Affairs?"
+
+"No, sir."
+
+"Who did?"
+
+"I don't know, sir."
+
+"You don't know! Don't lie to me," said the professor, sternly.
+
+"I do not."
+
+"I know," added the learned gentleman, turning to the principal.
+
+"McDougal, you say that a dozen boys were concerned in your proceedings.
+Who were they?"
+
+"I would rather not tell, sir. I am willing to own up to all I did
+myself."
+
+"You hear that, Mr. Lowington?" exclaimed the professor, with horror.
+
+"Of course I hear it, Mr. Hamblin," replied the principal, impatiently.
+"You may leave, McDougal."
+
+"Leave, sir!" ejaculated Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"Go, McDougal;" and he went. "You said you knew who wrote the fictitious
+letter, sir."
+
+"I do."
+
+"Who was it?"
+
+"Mr. Lowington, if that boy you sent away had told the whole truth, he
+would have confessed that Mr. Kendall was at the bottom of all these
+infamous proceedings."
+
+"Captain Kendall!"
+
+"Yes, sir; especially the plan to throw me into the water. When I
+demanded a boat, I mentioned the gig. It was refused. Why? Because the
+crew of the first cutter had been instructed to tip me overboard! It is
+very strange that no one but myself has been able to understand the
+vicious intentions of the boys."
+
+"The gig is the captain's boat. The regulations require the captain to
+give the professors the first cutter," explained Mr. Lowington.
+
+"I was not aware of it at the time; but I am satisfied that the crew of
+the first cutter had been instructed to pitch me into the river."
+
+"If they were, you were very obliging to assist them as you did," added
+the principal. "But go on. Do you suppose Captain Kendall instructed
+McDougal to drench you with water?"
+
+"Very likely."
+
+"And then inflicted the severest punishment upon him for doing it? It is
+absurd! That was the third and last offence. The captain put an end to
+these tricks by his well-timed energy, and I am sure he had no part or
+lot in them. Do you think he got some one to write the letter to you?"
+
+"No, sir; I think he did it himself," replied the professor, more
+calmly, as he came to what he considered his stronghold.
+
+"I am not willing to believe it."
+
+"I am prepared to prove it, sir."
+
+"If Kendall has been guilty of such conduct,--if it can be shown that he
+wrote the letter, or that he knew of its being written,--I will not only
+suspend him, but I will reduce him to a common sailor, and confine him
+in the brig," said the principal, with no little agitation.
+
+This strong speech looked like the dawn of reason to Mr. Hamblin, and he
+hastened to produce his evidence. The letter and several exercises
+written by Paul were first placed on the cabin table, to enable Mr.
+Lowington to compare the penmanship.
+
+"There is a strong similarity in them, I grant; but they are all written
+in the common school-boy hand of the United States," added the
+principal.
+
+"There is a stronger resemblance than that. The capital A's are the
+same; the small r's are identical."
+
+"But the small a's are different."
+
+"Doubtless he disguised his hand to some extent."
+
+"Is this all the proof you have?" asked Mr. Lowington, somewhat
+relieved.
+
+"No, sir," replied the professor, triumphantly, as he exhibited the
+paper he had taken from Paul's state-room, which was different from any
+he had been able to find in either vessel. "The paper is identical, you
+perceive."
+
+"I see that it is."
+
+"And no other student has such paper."
+
+"The ship has provided paper for the students, but none like this," said
+Mr. Lowington, with a sigh.
+
+"I think you will consider the case proved," added Mr. Hamblin,
+exultingly.
+
+"By no means. Enough has been shown to warrant an inquiry. I will make
+an investigation immediately."
+
+This was all Mr. Hamblin could ask; and, confident that Captain Kendall
+would be convicted, he left the cabin, as the captain of the Belgian
+steamer came in to settle for the towage.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XVI.
+
+CAPTAIN KENDALL'S DEFENCE.
+
+
+The squadron remained off Flushing long enough for Mr. Fluxion to visit
+the shore, and ascertain the condition of the "Wel tevreeden." The
+repairs were going on, but were not completed, and the cost of them
+could not yet be determined. The vice-principal, however, obtained such
+information in regard to the probable expense, as to enable him to make
+a final settlement. Captain Schimmelpennink came off to the Josephine
+with him on his return. It was certain that eleven hundred guilders
+would cover the whole expense of putting the galiot in perfect repair,
+and the balance of this sum was handed to the skipper.
+
+If there ever was a grateful man in the world, that man was the captain
+of the "Wel tevreeden." In addition to the energetic speeches he made
+through the interpreter, he indulged in some very pretty and significant
+gesticulations, which the officers and crew could comprehend. The
+students were happy in the good deed they had done--quite as happy as
+the the skipper himself. In addition to the sum expended, there was five
+hundred and fifty-four guilders in the hands of the treasurer, which was
+to be used for some similar object when presented to them.
+
+While Mr. Fluxion was absent at Flushing, Mr. Lowington had gone on
+board of the Josephine, and, taking Paul into his state-room, had
+exhibited the fictitious note to him, stating the charge made against
+him by Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"I need not say, Captain Kendall, that this is a very serious charge,"
+added the principal, solemnly.
+
+"I think it is, sir," replied Paul, blushing deeply. "If you think I
+wrote that letter, sir, I hope you will do your duty."
+
+"I certainly shall, though it break my heart."
+
+"Whatever you do, sir, it will not alter my regard for you."
+
+"I am already accused of partiality towards you, Captain Kendall," added
+Mr. Lowington. "I confess that I never had a pupil for whom I cherished
+so high an esteem and so warm a regard."
+
+"Thank you, sir. You are now, as you always have been, very kind to me,"
+replied Paul, hardly able to restrain the tears in which his emotions
+demanded expression.
+
+"I must say that I deem this charge groundless and absurd; but I cannot
+explain it away. The writing in the note resembles yours in some
+respects; and the fact that the kind of paper on which the note is
+written is found in your possession alone has not been explained. Do you
+know anything about this note?"
+
+"Nothing, sir; only that it came in the mail with the rest of the
+Josephine's letters."
+
+"When did you get the paper which Mr. Hamblin found in your writing
+desk?"
+
+"I bought it in Antwerp on Tuesday afternoon, when we went on shore,"
+replied Paul, promptly.
+
+"I shall be obliged to inquire further into this matter. You will have
+all hands called."
+
+They left the state-room together, and the first lieutenant ordered the
+ship's company to be piped to quarters. Without any definite
+explanation, the principal directed all the students to bring their
+stock of stationery on deck, and they passed in review before him,
+exhibiting the quality of their paper. At the same time Mr. Stoute
+searched the steerage for any which might have been concealed. If any
+student had purchased paper in Antwerp, it was not of the kind on which
+the forged letter had been written.
+
+"Young gentlemen," said Mr. Lowington, mounting his rostrum, "a
+practical joke is the stupidest thing in the world, when perpetrated at
+the expense of the feelings of others. Some one has put such a joke upon
+Mr. Hamblin, the very last person in the world to appreciate this
+species of humor. One of your number is charged with the act."
+
+"The old lunatic has laid it to the captain," whispered Terrill, who
+thus interpreted the mysterious proceedings of the principal and Paul.
+
+"The particular kind of paper on which the letter to Mr. Hamblin was
+written is found only in the possession of that one student," continued
+the principal, with an emotion he could not wholly conceal. "I desire,
+if any of you have any information in regard to the note, that you will
+communicate it at once."
+
+Mr. Lowington paused, and the boys looked blankly at each other. Even to
+them, at that moment, a practical joke seemed to be the stupidest thing
+in the world. There was a tremendous sensation among them; but no one
+volunteered to give the desired information.
+
+"Young gentlemen, although the evidence in my possession is not
+sufficient to condemn the student charged with the offence, it is enough
+to justify grave suspicions, and I shall be under the painful necessity
+of suspending him, and sending him on board of the ship for further
+examination."
+
+Paul was not half so much disturbed by this announcement as he had been
+by the trying scene with Mr. Hamblin, a few days before. It is the
+guilt, and not the loss of honor, the disgrace, which is hard to bear
+when one is charged with misconduct or crime. He stood with folded arms,
+submissive to the authority of the principal, and satisfied that the
+truth would prevail in the end.
+
+"Who is he?" asked one of the students in a suppressed tone, when the
+silence became painful.
+
+"Captain Kendall," replied the principal; and this name produced a
+tremendous thrill in the hearts of the ship's company.
+
+"No, sir! No, sir!" shouted some of the students.
+
+"Silence, young gentlemen! I know how you feel," interposed Mr.
+Lowington. "Although it would seem to me impossible that Captain Kendall
+should have written this letter, Mr. Hamblin distinctly charges him with
+the act, and I am sorry to add that there is some evidence to prove the
+charge."
+
+Mr. Lowington was more grieved than any other person on board, and it is
+more than probable that, in his great anxiety to avoid partiality, he
+ran into the opposite extreme, and exposed himself to the peril of
+doing injustice to his young friend.
+
+"Captain Kendall, you will consider yourself under arrest, and report on
+board of the ship," added the principal, turning to Paul.
+
+The young commander bowed submissively, and the boys wondered how he was
+able to take the matter so coolly.
+
+"It's a shame!" exclaimed Terrill, in a low tone, to Pelham.
+
+"Mr. Terrill," continued Mr. Lowington, "the command of the Josephine
+devolves upon you until further orders, and you will go to sea as soon
+as Mr. Fluxion returns."
+
+The first lieutenant started when his name was called, and suspected
+that he was to be taken to task for the remark he had just made. It was
+fortunate for him, perhaps, that the principal did not hear his
+energetic words, or the command might have been given to the second
+lieutenant, for Terrill's impulsive nature would have led him into some
+intemperate speech, so deeply did he feel for the captain.
+
+"I hope my command will be of very short duration, sir," said he, as the
+principal stepped down from the hatch.
+
+"I hope so, Mr. Terrill," answered Mr. Lowington. "Captain Kendall, you
+will repair to the ship in the barge."
+
+"I will be ready in a moment, sir," replied Paul, as he went below to
+obtain a few needed articles.
+
+"Captain Kendall, I am downright sorry for this," said Terrill,
+following him into his state-room.
+
+"Don't be at all disturbed about it," answered Paul, cheerfully. "I am
+glad Mr. Lowington has taken this course. I expect to be able to prove
+that I could not have written the letter, and I shall be restored as
+soon as we reach Rotterdam. It is a good deal better to be proved
+innocent than to be suspected of being guilty. Here is the key of the
+safe," he added, as he took it from his pocket and handed it to his
+successor.
+
+"It's lucky for old Hamblin he isn't on board of the Josephine," said
+Terrill, with an ominous shake of the head. "I think the fellows would
+throw him overboard before the vessel gets to Rotterdam if he were."
+
+"That isn't the right spirit, Terrill; and as a particular favor to me,
+I ask that you will not say a word about Mr. Hamblin. I have my own
+opinion in regard to him; and I suppose every fellow has; but the least
+said is the soonest mended. I hope you will not let the officers and
+crew indulge in any demonstrations of disapproval."
+
+"Not let them! I can't help it. I believe if old Hamblin was on board, I
+would join with the rest of the fellows in making a spread eagle of him
+on the fore shrouds," answered the commander _pro tem_.
+
+"Don't think of such a thing. Two wrongs won't make a right," said Paul,
+anxiously. "You and I have been first-rate friends, Terrill, and for my
+sake do not encourage or tolerate any demonstrations."
+
+"I will do the best I can, but I feel just like making the biggest row I
+was ever in since I was born."
+
+"Keep cool; you are going to sea right off, and you will have enough to
+do to look out for the vessel."
+
+"I shall do as you tell me, if I can; but only because you wish it. I
+think the fellows ought to give a few hearty groans, so as to be sure no
+one mistakes their sentiments."
+
+"Don't do it, Terrill," said Paul, as he led the way to the deck, with
+his bundle in his hand.
+
+When they went on deck, Mr. Fluxion had just returned in the first
+cutter; and great was his astonishment, and that of the boat's crew,
+when informed of the exciting event which had just transpired. The
+interview with the Dutch skipper changed the current of thought on board
+for the moment; but as soon as he departed, nothing was talked of but
+the arrest of the captain.
+
+Paul stepped into the barge with the principal, who was very sad and
+silent. As soon as they were on board of the Young America, and the
+barge hoisted up, orders were given to fill away again.
+
+"What does that mean?" asked Perth, when the barge was hoisted up, as he
+ran up to Wilton.
+
+"What?"
+
+"Why, there is Captain Kendall on the quarter-deck of the ship, and the
+Josephine is getting under way without him."
+
+"There's been a row somewhere; Kendall is one of the flunkies, but he's
+a good fellow for all that," added Wilton, who could not help giving
+Paul this tribute.
+
+"I'll tell you what it is," said Howe,--who was one of the barge's crew,
+and had heard all the proceedings on board of the Josephine,--as he
+joined them, "Kendall has been suspended, broken, turned out of office
+for writing that letter to old Hamblin."
+
+"Is that so?" demanded Perth.
+
+"That's so; but all the fellows in the Josephine say he didn't do it."
+
+"It would be a new idea for Kendall to do anything wrong--even to sneeze
+in prayer time."
+
+The order to man the braces interrupted the conversation; but the news
+went through the ship even before she had begun to gather headway. The
+matter was thoroughly discussed, and it was perfectly understood that
+Mr. Hamblin had preferred the charge upon which Paul had been broken or
+suspended. The commander of the Josephine was almost as popular in the
+ship as he was in the consort; and the indignation against the professor
+of Greek was hardly less violent in the one than in the other.
+
+"Captain Kendall, you will occupy the spare state-room in the after
+cabin, next to Flag-officer Gordon's," said Mr. Lowington to Paul, as
+they met after the ship was underway.
+
+"Thank you, sir," replied the young commander, who had seated himself
+near the companion-way.
+
+"As soon as supper is disposed of, I propose to examine into the charge.
+You shall have a fair trial."
+
+"I have no doubt of that."
+
+Mr. Lowington walked away, and Paul, who was much embarrassed by the
+continued expressions of sympathy extended to him by the officers of the
+ship, retired to his state-room to consider his line of defence.
+
+Mr. Hamblin, satisfied before, was delighted now. Justice seemed to be
+extending her tardy hand in his favor. The rebel against his mighty
+will had been suspended, and was actually under arrest. Of course the
+principal had acknowledged the validity of the evidence he had
+presented. The motive for such an annoying practical joke was patent to
+all in the squadron, while the quality of the paper and the resemblance
+of the writing were enough to convict the offender.
+
+The professor was enjoying his triumph, not vindictively, he persuaded
+himself, but in the sense that his own personal action and motives were
+on the eve of being justified. As the ship moved majestically down the
+river, he walked up and down, athwart ships, in a better mood to enjoy
+the scene which presented itself than ever before since he joined the
+squadron. He walked from rail to rail because Paul was seated on the
+quarter-deck, and he did not care to meet him. When the young commander
+went below, he walked fore and aft.
+
+The deck was crowded with students waiting for the supper bell to ring;
+and many an ugly and dissatisfied look was bestowed upon him; but the
+learned gentleman, in his triumph, was too well pleased with himself to
+notice them. Mr. Hamblin involuntarily extended his walk, from time to
+time, until it was continued to the forecastle, where the crew were
+collected in large numbers. Hardly had he passed the foremast on his
+first round, than he was saluted by a universal groan, so deep and
+hearty that he stopped short and looked at the crowd. They were silent
+then.
+
+"Young gentlemen," said the _savant_, sternly, "if that was intended as
+an expression of--"
+
+The remark of censure was brought to an abrupt termination by a very
+annoying incident. Mr. Hamblin had halted directly under the weather
+fore yard-arm, braced up so as to take the wind on the beam. Before he
+had reached this point of his remark, a new fellow by the name of
+Little, remarkable for his agility, dropped from the yard directly upon
+the top of the learned gentleman's hat, in fact, sitting down upon his
+"tile" as fairly and squarely as though the deed had been done on
+purpose, bringing with him the slack of the weather clew-garnet.
+
+The professor was prostrated to the deck by the weight of the little
+seaman,--for Little's name precisely described his stature,--while the
+unfortunate boy was thrown forward flat upon his face.
+
+"O, I'm killed, I'm killed!" cried Little, rising with much real or
+apparent difficulty, and pressing one hand upon his hip.
+
+"You rascal, you!" roared Mr. Hamblin from the inside of his hat, as a
+dozen boys sprang forward to pick him up.
+
+The professor was not a fashionable man, and did not wear a hat which
+would simply rest upon the top of his head, or which would pinch the
+depository of his ancient lore, and the weight of the student had
+pressed it far down over his eyes. With some labor he extricated his
+learned pate from its imprisonment, and glanced with dismay at the
+hat--a new one which he had bought in Antwerp to replace the one he had
+lost overboard in the hurricane.
+
+"You scoundrel!" repeated the _savant_, when he had removed the
+mutilated tile.
+
+"He didn't mean to do it, sir," said Perth, pointing to the bloody face
+of Little; "he's almost killed himself."
+
+"Are you hurt, Little?" demanded Mr. Lowington, rushing forward when he
+discovered what had happened.
+
+"Yes, sir; almost killed," groaned the poor boy, making the wryest face
+a boy ever made, and twisting himself into a contortion of body which
+none but an India-rubber youth like himself could have accomplished.
+
+"Pass the word for Dr. Winstock," added the principal, anxiously. "Are
+you much injured, Mr. Hamblin?"
+
+"I believe there is a conspiracy to take my life," growled the
+professor, without replying to the direct question.
+
+"Are you hurt, sir?"
+
+"Not so much in body as in my feelings," answered Mr. Hamblin, holding
+out his damaged hat. "It was done on purpose, sir."
+
+Dr. Winstock now appeared on the forecastle, and as Little seemed to be
+the greater sufferer, he attended to his case first. He examined the
+face of the boy, for by the most assiduous rubbing with his right hand
+while his left was devoted to the hip, he had contrived to besmear his
+face all over with the blood which flowed freely from his nose. The
+surgeon could find no wound on the face, and it was plain that there was
+nothing more terrible about the head than the nosebleed.
+
+"Where are you hurt, Little?" asked the doctor.
+
+"In the hip; it's broke!" replied the sufferer with an explosive groan.
+
+Dr. Winstock laid the patient down upon the deck, and proceeded to
+examine him with the greatest care. He declared that no bones were
+broken.
+
+"He appears to be suffering great pain," said the principal, anxiously.
+
+"He has probably wrenched a muscle in his fall, and that is almost as
+painful as a broken bone. He has received no serious injury," replied
+the doctor, as he lifted the patient from the deck.
+
+"I am glad it is no worse. How did it happen, Little?"
+
+"I was coming in from the weather yard-arm, sir. I should have gone down
+the leech of the foresail if you had not told me not to, sir. O!" gasped
+Little, distorting his face, and doubling up his lithe little body.
+
+"Never mind it now," added the principal, kindly.
+
+"I feel a little better, sir. Mr. Hamblin began to say something to the
+fellows on deck, and I stopped to listen. O!"--and Little doubled up
+again. "I caught hold of the clew-garnet, sir--O! I was leaning down to
+hear what Mr. Hamblin said, and bore my whole weight on the clew-garnet.
+It wasn't belayed, sir,--O!--and it let me down."
+
+Mr. Lowington desired to know what hands were stationed at the fore
+clew-garnets; but when they appeared, they were very confident they had
+belayed these ropes as usual. Little was advised to go below and turn
+in; but he preferred to remain on deck. As soon as the principal and the
+doctor had gone aft, the young reprobate turned to his companions, put
+his thumb to his bloody nose, and wiggled his fingers. Indeed, a
+remarkable cure seemed suddenly to have been wrought in his particular
+case; for he walked as nimbly as ever, until some of the officers came
+forward, when, unfortunately, he had a sudden relapse, from which he did
+not recover--when the "powers that be" were around--for several days.
+
+After supper Paul was sent for, and repaired to the main cabin, where he
+found the principal, the surgeon, Mr. Hamblin, and several of the
+professors. Mr. Lowington stated the charge preferred against Captain
+Kendall, mentioning the evidence in support of it. He then inquired of
+the professor if he had anything to add to what he had already said on
+the subject.
+
+Mr. Hamblin had something to add, but it was in the nature of an
+argument against the accused, rather than a statement of fact. He
+reviewed his life on board the Josephine since the troubles had
+commenced, enlarging upon the zeal with which he had discharged his
+duties. He gave his view of the difficulty between himself and the
+captain, as he had given it before; but he adduced no new proofs of the
+charges he preferred.
+
+"The only question before us at the present time, Mr. Hamblin, is in
+regard to the authorship of the letter purporting to come from Monsieur
+Rogier," interposed Mr. Lowington. "Have you any new evidence to bring
+forward?"
+
+"No, sir; I think the charge has been fully proved," replied Mr.
+Hamblin.
+
+"Captain Kendall, if you have any defence to make, I am ready to hear
+it," added the principal, turning to Paul.
+
+"I did not write the letter, and I had no knowledge whatever of it until
+Mr. Hamblin received it. Perhaps the writing resembles mine, but not
+very much. Will you let me take the letter, sir?"
+
+The note was handed to him, and he pointed out several letters which
+were different from any in the exercises by which the similarity had
+been shown.
+
+"Of course he would disguise the handwriting," interposed Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"The writing alone would not prove anything," added Mr. Lowington.
+
+"So far as the kind of paper is concerned," continued Paul, picking up
+the half quire which the professor had taken from his state-room, "I
+bought it in Antwerp for a particular purpose." He did not think it
+necessary to state that it was for his letters to Miss Grace Arbuckle.
+
+"Are you quite sure you bought it in Antwerp?" demanded the professor.
+
+"I shall prove that I did," replied Paul, indignantly. "I wish to say I
+had a hint that the officers and crew were very much dissatisfied with
+Mr. Hamblin, and--"
+
+"With me!" exclaimed the _savant_, as though it were quite impossible
+for the students to be dissatisfied with him.
+
+"Allow Captain Kendall to make his statement, if you please," said the
+principal.
+
+"But, Mr. Lowington, his statement is incorrect. I have been on the best
+of terms with the majority of my pupils. Only a few of the worst of
+them have manifested any ill-will towards me."
+
+"Go on, Captain Kendall," said the principal.
+
+"I am prepared to prove all I say. If I had known that this
+investigation was to take place to-day, I should have asked for the
+attendance of several witnesses. I used all my influence to prevent any
+one from playing practical jokes upon Mr. Hamblin. I desire to have the
+first lieutenant of the Josephine, and Duncan, examined."
+
+"What have they to do with it?" asked the professor, impatiently.
+
+"After doing what I could to prevent others from annoying Mr. Hamblin by
+practical jokes, it is not likely that I should indulge in them myself."
+
+"That is a good point; and to-morrow the witnesses shall be called,"
+said Mr. Lowington.
+
+"I will now ask Dr. Winstock to make his statement," added Paul, turning
+to the surgeon.
+
+"The letter is postmarked 'Anvers,'" said the doctor, picking up the
+letter from the table. "It is utterly impossible that Captain Kendall
+had anything to do with this document."
+
+"Why so, sir?" demanded Mr. Hamblin, nervously.
+
+"This letter passed through the Antwerp post-office. If Captain Kendall
+had mailed it there, I should have seen him do it. He was not out of my
+sight a single moment from the time we left the Josephine till we
+returned to her. This paper," added the doctor, taking up the half
+quire, "was purchased in Antwerp. I went into the shop with Captain
+Kendall, and looked at the quality of it before it was done up."
+
+"Are you satisfied, Mr. Hamblin?" asked the principal.
+
+"No, sir, I am not," replied the professor, decidedly. "I am by no means
+certain that the paper on which this letter was written was obtained in
+Antwerp. It does not follow because Dr. Winstock did not see Mr. Kendall
+mail this letter, that it was not mailed by him. I did not see him mail
+it; Mr. Lowington did not see him mail it. He could have sent it to the
+post-office by a dozen of his confederates."
+
+"Since Captain Kendall desires that the first lieutenant and Duncan
+should be heard, we will continue the examination till to-morrow," added
+the principal, rising from his chair.
+
+The hearing was adjourned, and Paul returned to his room.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XVII.
+
+MORE ABOUT THE DIKES AND DITCHES.
+
+
+The pilot of the ship was discharged at eight o'clock in the evening,
+and the two vessels stood on their course to the northward, with a fresh
+breeze from the south-west. They kept just outside of the continuous
+chains of shoals on the coast, but for nearly the whole time within
+sight of the numerous lighthouses which mark the various entrances of
+the Scheldt and the Maas. The masters on duty were kept very busy in
+consulting the charts and the sailing directions; but at one o'clock the
+squadron was off the Brielle Gat, which is the deepest entrance to the
+river.
+
+There are two principal passages by which vessels may reach Rotterdam
+from the sea. At the mouth of the Maas, or of the river which includes
+the Rhine, Waal, and Maas, there is a large island called the Voorne. At
+the north of it is the Brielle Gat, which is the most direct sea passage
+to the city; but the bar at its mouth has only seven and a half feet of
+water at low tide. At the south of the island is the Goeree Gat, by
+which the largest ships must enter, passing through the island in a
+canal.
+
+The Dutch pilot who boarded the ship, after learning her draught,
+declared that she could go over the bar of the Brielle Gat, and both
+vessels went up by this passage. At five o'clock in the morning the
+squadron came to anchor in the broad bay before the city of Rotterdam.
+
+Paul Kendall, free from all care, and not much disturbed by the cloud
+which hung over him, had turned out early to see the sights on the
+river. He had a splendid prospect of windmills, dikes, and ditches. The
+Dutch pilot spoke intelligible English, and the young inquirer laid him
+under contribution for his stores of knowledge. Paul asked a great many
+questions, which the pilot good-naturedly answered.
+
+Vlaardingen, the principal port engaged in the herring fishery, was
+pointed out to him. Every year this place sends out about a hundred and
+fifty vessels, or more than one half of the whole number engaged in this
+branch of the fisheries. On the 10th or 11th of June, in each year, the
+officers of the herring fleet go to the _Stadhuis_, or town hall, and
+take the prescribed oath to observe the laws regulating the fisheries of
+Holland. Three days later they hoist their flags on board, and go to
+church to pray for a season of success. On the following day, which is
+kept as a holiday in the town, the fleet sails. The fishing season ends
+on the 1st of November.
+
+The herring are highly prized by the Dutch, and the first which are
+caught by the fleet are sent home in the fastest vessels; and when they
+are expected, watchmen are stationed in the Vlaardingen steeple to
+announce their approach. The first kegs are sent to the king and his
+chief officers of state. One of these first cargoes produces about
+three hundred and twenty-five dollars, or eight hundred guilders.
+
+With a dense cloud of smoke hanging above it stood the town of Schiedam,
+which contains nearly two hundred distilleries for the manufacture of
+gin. Holland gin and Schiedam schnapps are regarded by those who indulge
+in these beverages as the best in the world. The place was surrounded by
+windmills, which are a principal feature of the scenery in all parts of
+Holland proper.
+
+After breakfast the signal was hoisted for the Josephines to attend the
+lecture on board the ship, and a boat was sent ashore, in charge of the
+steward, to procure the mail. The students were perched in the rigging,
+observing the strange scenes which presented themselves on every hand.
+The river was full of market boats loaded with vegetables, the principal
+of which was a coarse plant, with large, straggling leaves, used as
+cabbage or greens. There were large and small steamers plying in every
+direction, and the scene was quite lively.
+
+The Josephine's ship's company came on board, and all hands were piped
+to lecture. Professor Mapps was at his post, with the map of the
+Netherlands hanging on the foremast. His description of the dikes and
+ditches of Holland was very full; but such portions of it as have been
+given by Mr. Stoute will be omitted.
+
+"Young gentlemen," he began, "I have already called your attention to
+the physical geography of the Netherlands. The Rhine, which in Germany
+is the _Rhein_, and in Holland the _Rhyn_, has its mouths in Holland.
+Its length is nine hundred and sixty miles, and it is of vast importance
+to Europe in a commercial point of view, being navigable for large
+vessels to Cologne, and nearly to its source for smaller ones, though
+occasionally interrupted by falls and rapids above Basle. Vessels of one
+hundred tons go up to Strasbourg.
+
+"The Rhine enters Holland, and immediately divides into two branches,
+the southern being the Waal, and the northern retaining the original
+name. The Waal is the larger of the two, and flows west until it unites
+with the Maas, or Meuse, in Belgium, on one of whose estuaries our ship
+now floats. About ten miles below the Waal branch, the original Rhine
+divides again, the northern branch being called the Yssel, which flows
+north into the Zuyder Zee. Thirty miles below the Yssel, it divides for
+a third time, the southern branch being called the Leek, of which the
+arm that flows by Rotterdam is the more direct continuation, though all
+these branches are connected by frequent cut-offs. The original Rhine
+pursues its way to the German Ocean. The dunes, or sand-hills, formerly
+closed up this branch, and for a long period the water did not flow
+through it; but at the beginning of the present century a canal was
+opened through the old bed.
+
+"The Yssel formerly flowed into a fresh-water lake, where the Zuyder
+Zee, or Southern Sea, now is. Nearly the whole of the space occupied by
+this sea was then dry land; but the ocean, in the course of time, swept
+away its barriers, and covered the region with water, which is
+navigable, however, only for small vessels. Amsterdam is situated on an
+arm of this sea, called the Ij, or Eye, as it is pronounced. From the
+Helder, a point of land at the southern entrance to the Zuyder Zee, a
+ship canal, fifty miles in length, extends to the city. This is the
+'great ditch' of Holland. It is eighteen feet deep, and broad enough for
+two large ships to pass each other, having a double set of locks at each
+end, in order to keep the water of uniform height, as in a dock.
+
+"You are already familiar with the peculiar conformation of Holland.
+There is not a hill, a forest, or a ledge of rocks worth mentioning in
+the whole region. A large portion of its territory has been redeemed
+from the ocean by the most persevering labor, and by the most
+unremitting care and watchfulness is it kept from destruction. The sea
+is higher than the land, the lowest ground in the country being from
+twenty-four to thirty feet below high-water mark. The keel of the Young
+America, floating in some of the waters of Holland, would be higher than
+the ridge-pole of the Dutchman's cottage on the other side of the dike.
+
+"These low grounds, formerly swamps and lagoons, which lie below the sea
+level, are called _polders_. These were originally charged with water,
+and merely shutting out the sea was only half the battle. As in Ireland,
+the principal fuel of the people is peat, or turf, ten million tons of
+which are annually used. Immense excavations have been made in the
+polders to obtain the peat; and the inhabitants stand an ultimate chance
+of being robbed of their country by fire as well as by water.
+
+"The natural lakes and the peat-holes--the latter from twelve to twenty
+feet deep--formed extensive water-basins. Some of you will remember the
+turf diggings in the great bog in Ireland, as we passed through it on
+our way to Killarney. The peat was not dug out in trenches, but the
+entire surface of the land was skimmed off, just as workmen in the city
+dig away a hill. It was so in Holland; and you must understand that the
+bottom of these peat-beds forms the land now improved as gardens and
+farms.
+
+"These depressions of the surface were filled with water. The first
+thing to be done is to shut out the ocean and its tributaries--all those
+rivers of which I have been speaking, that form a network of canals all
+over the country. For this purpose a dike is built on the border of the
+land to be enclosed. Take, for example, the Island of Ysselmonde,--the
+land next south of us,--and Holland really consists of nothing but
+islands formed by the rivers and the natural and artificial canals. It
+will, therefore, be a correct specimen of the system of dikes and
+ditches throughout the country, though some of the sections are subject
+to greater or less difficulty in the drainage, owing to various causes,
+which will be explained.
+
+"When the dike around Ysselmonde is finished, the country is protected
+from inundation from without. Sometimes in winter the river may be
+blocked with ice, which stops the passage of the water. All the ice from
+the Rhine and Meuse must pass through these rivers on their way to the
+sea, and, being stopped in a narrow place, it forms a dam. In 1799 a
+large portion of Holland was threatened with total destruction, on
+account of one of these blockades. Behind the dam the water rose seven
+feet in one hour, overflowing the dikes, and breaking through them. This
+danger is incurred every winter; but disaster is generally warded off by
+the vigilance of the dike-keepers.
+
+"We will suppose that the dike we have built around Ysselmonde protects
+it from the exterior water; but as the water in the Maas, at high tide,
+or even at low tide, is above the surface of the polders, they cannot be
+drained by the ordinary ditches; and it is necessary to remove the water
+by mechanical means. For this purpose windmills are erected on the
+dike,--as you see them in every direction,--many of which work
+water-wheels, pumps being but seldom used. The apparatus for removing
+the water is of several kinds, including a scoop-wheel, the screw of
+Archimedes, and the inclined scoop-wheel. The water is not lifted to any
+considerable height by these instruments.
+
+"When the height to which the water is to be raised is too great to be
+accomplished by the agency of one machine, a series of them is
+introduced. Supposing the land in the middle of Ysselmonde to be twenty
+feet below the level of the Maas, four series of operations would be
+required to lift the water. The central portion is enclosed by a dike,
+with a _ringsloot_, or canal, outside of it. The windmills raise the
+water five feet. Outside of this, as the level of the land rises,
+another canal and ditch are made, and the water is lifted another five
+feet; and the process is repeated until the water is finally discharged
+into the river. The ditches which separate the different tracts of land
+are used as highways, for conveying the harvest to market, the
+difference of level being overcome by locks. Of course the character of
+these works depends upon the formation of the land.
+
+"The soil of the polders thus drained is remarkably rich and productive.
+The two chief exports of Holland are butter and cheese, the low lands
+furnishing excellent pasturage for cattle.
+
+"In the service of the government is a special corps of engineers,
+called _Waterstaat_, who are employed in watching the waters and the
+dikes, and in guarding against any breaking of the latter. In the winter
+time, which is the period of the greatest peril to the dikes, these men,
+many of whom are gentlemen of the highest scientific culture, are
+stationed near the places where danger is apprehended. Buildings
+containing all the necessary materials and tools for repairing the
+embankments are provided, and, indeed, all precautions which skill, and
+science, and care can bring are at hand; for the safety of the country
+depends upon these structures.
+
+"The coat of arms of one of the Dutch provinces is a lion swimming,
+having this motto: _Luctor et emergo_, 'I strive and keep my head above
+water,' which seems to be the whole business of the Dutch people,
+figuratively and literally. If you visit the great dike of the Helder,
+as I hope you will, you may stand on the low land within it, and hear
+the thunder of the sea, as it beats against the dike, fifteen feet
+higher than your head.
+
+"The canals of Holland serve a triple purpose. They are the highways of
+the country, they drain the land, and they serve as fences. You travel
+all over the region in the canals, and all the productions are conveyed
+upon them. The roads are for the most part built on the tops of the
+dikes, but they are not solid enough to permit their use by
+heavily-loaded wagons. Many of them are paved with bricks, on account of
+their spongy nature, which answers very well for the passage of light
+vehicles.
+
+"The people seem to have a peculiar affection for these ditches, and you
+will often find that the Dutchman has his little private canal,
+extending around his house, apparently only to gratify his national
+vanity, though perhaps really it is his fence. Even here in Rotterdam, I
+have noticed a filthy ditch, from four to ten feet wide, between the
+house and the road. It is nearly filled with water, which is covered
+with a vile green scum. The wonder is, that this stagnant water does not
+breed a pestilence.
+
+"The principal canals are sixty feet wide, and six feet deep, though of
+course many in the cities and elsewhere, intended for the passage of
+large vessels, are broader and deeper.
+
+"With this imperfect statement of the physical characteristics, as a
+basis for your observation, I leave the subject to say a few words about
+the government and history of the country.
+
+"William III. is the present king of the Netherlands. He is forty-seven
+years old, and is a lineal descendant of William of Orange, and a
+grandson, on the mother's side, of Czar Paul I. of Russia. He has a
+salary, or civil list, of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars a year,
+which is pretty fair pay for ruling over a kingdom about the size of the
+State of Maryland, or of Massachusetts and Connecticut united, and
+containing a population about equal to that of the State of New York.
+
+"The government is a limited monarchy, the whole legislative power being
+vested in the two chambers called the States General. The First Chamber
+consists of thirty-nine members, elected by provincial councils, from
+those inhabitants who pay the highest grade of taxes. The Second Chamber
+contains seventy-two members, elected by general ballot; but only those
+who pay taxes to the amount of fifty dollars a year are voters. All
+measures appropriating money for any purpose must originate in the
+Second Chamber, which is the popular body, and become laws only when
+assented to by the sovereign and the First Chamber. The king executes
+the laws with the aid of seven ministers, who receive a salary of five
+thousand dollars a year.
+
+"Free toleration is allowed to all religious sects. Protestants are
+largely in the majority, the proportion being as twenty to twelve.
+Education is generally diffused among the people. In 1863 the revenue of
+the Netherlands amounted to forty-one millions of dollars. The Dutch
+have extensive colonial possessions in the East and West Indies, and on
+the west coast of Africa. The regular home army contains fifty-nine
+thousand officers and men. Its navy consists of fifty-eight steamers and
+eighty-one sailing vessels.
+
+"I do not think you will be likely to realize the poetic ideal of the
+Dutchmen, young gentlemen. Though they drink a great deal of beer and
+Schiedam schnapps, you will seldom find them intoxicated; and I have
+never been able to see that they smoke any more than the people of our
+own country. They are not necessarily fat and clumsy. The men are of
+medium stature, in no special degree distinguished from other people in
+Europe and America. The women are very domestic, and very cleanly in
+their persons and in their dwellings. The Dutch people are prudent,
+economical, beforehanded.
+
+"In the brief sketch I gave you at Antwerp of the history of the
+Netherlands, that of Holland was included up to the period of the murder
+of the Prince of Orange, which occurred in 1584, while he was
+Stadtholder of the Seven United Provinces. At his death, his son, Prince
+Maurice, was elected Stadtholder in his father's place. He was then only
+seventeen years of age, but he proved to be a young man of great
+military ability, and commenced a glorious career, which ended only with
+his life, in 1625. With the bright example of Prince Maurice before
+them, I think our young captains of his age may be encouraged."
+
+This remark "brought down the house," and more than fifty of the
+students glanced at Paul Kendall, whose "improbable" achievements in the
+Josephine were the admiration of everybody in the squadron, except
+Professor Hamblin.
+
+"Philip II. died in 1598, and his successor continued his efforts to
+conquer the Dutch, but without success. By this time Holland had created
+the most powerful navy in the world, and with her seventy thousand
+seamen swept the commerce of the Spaniards from the seas, even in the
+remotest waters of the globe. The galleons and treasure ships from the
+colonies of Spain were captured, and their rich booty poured into the
+exchequer of the Dutch. The monarch of Castile was almost impoverished
+by these losses; and, deprived of the means to carry on the war of
+subjugation, he agreed, in 1609, to a truce of twelve years.
+
+"Religious dissensions then broke out in Holland, which soon assumed a
+political turn. The Stadtholder, Prince Maurice, was ambitious to become
+the hereditary sovereign of Holland, in which he was opposed by
+Barneveldt, a venerable judge, aided by De Groot, or Grotius, a noted
+Dutch scholar and statesman. The opposition were styled 'remonstrants.'
+The judge was charged with a plot to hand his country over to the
+tyranny of Spain; and though he was a pure patriot, he was condemned and
+executed. Grotius, by an expedient which would have been deemed
+improbable in a novel, escaped from the Castle of Loevestein.
+
+"At the expiration of the truce, Spain renewed her efforts to conquer
+Holland; but, after a war of twenty-seven years, the independence of the
+country was acknowledged in the peace of Westphalia. During this period
+the Dutch maintained their supremacy on the sea, attacking the Spanish
+possessions in all parts of the world, and especially in the East
+Indies, where they commenced the foundation of their empire in that part
+of the globe.
+
+"The growing naval power of Holland excited the apprehensions of
+England, and war was the consequence, in which the Dutch Admirals Van
+Tromp De Ruiter, and De Witt, as well as Admiral Blake of the British
+navy, won imperishable renown.
+
+"Prince Maurice was succeeded at his death by his brother Henry; but, in
+1650, the office of Stadtholder was abolished, and that of Grand
+Pensionary substituted. John De Witt held the position.
+
+"In 1668, France having seized upon the Spanish Netherlands, Holland
+united with England and Sweden to check the power of the French monarch;
+but Charles II., subsidized by Louis XIV. of France, deserted his ally.
+England and France united, won Sweden over, and formed a league against
+Holland. Louis invaded Holland with an army six times as large as the
+Dutch could bring into the field, and conquered three provinces. The
+quarrel between the house of Orange and the party headed by the Grand
+Pensionary still continued to rage. The supreme power was in the hands
+of the States General. De Witt proposed to establish the government of
+Holland in the East India possessions, as Portugal did in Brazil, rather
+than submit. The representative of the house of Orange encouraged the
+people to resist at home, and declared that he would 'die in the last
+ditch.' As the formation of the country rendered it exceedingly probable
+that the 'last ditch' was to be found somewhere in Holland, the advice
+of this Prince of Orange was adopted. The popular current turned in his
+favor, and against the Grand Pensionary, who was murdered by a mob at
+The Hague.
+
+"The Prince of Orange was elected Stadtholder, and is known as William
+III. Instead of seeking the 'last ditch' himself, he opened it for the
+benefit of the invaders. The dikes were cut, and the country was so
+thoroughly inundated that the French army was forced to retire, after
+sustaining very heavy losses. Peace was made with England in 1674, and
+three years later, the Stadtholder married Mary, daughter of James, Duke
+of York, who became king of England at the death of his brother Charles
+II. By the revolution of 1688, William and Mary were declared joint
+sovereigns of England.
+
+"When William III. died, his cousin and next heir was not recognized as
+Stadtholder of Holland, the anti-Orange party being in the ascendant. A
+republic was again organized under Heinsius; but, in 1747, the prince
+again prevailed, and the line of the Stadtholders was resumed under
+William IV., who was succeeded by William V. In 1795 the Batavian
+Republic was established, under the influence of the French Revolution,
+France having conquered the country.
+
+"In 1806, Napoleon remodelled the government, and placed his brother
+Louis, the father of the present French emperor, upon the throne. Louis,
+who was a very moderate and sensible man, offended his brother by ruling
+his kingdom in the interest of Holland rather than France, and, after a
+brief reign of four years, was compelled to abdicate. Napoleon then
+annexed Holland to France.
+
+"At the downfall of Napoleon the Netherlands were erected into a
+kingdom, which included Belgium, as I have before stated, and the Prince
+of Orange was made king, under the title of William I. The present
+sovereign is his grandson. The Belgian Revolution of 1830 deprived
+Holland of one half of its territory, and more than half of its people;
+but these events I mentioned in my lecture at Antwerp."
+
+Mr. Mapps retired, and Mr. Lowington took his place.
+
+"Young gentlemen," said the principal, "this afternoon we shall make a
+steamboat excursion to Dort, and through some of the arms of the sea, to
+enable you to see Dutch life from the water. On Monday we shall start on
+a grand excursion through Holland, visiting the following places in the
+order in which they are mentioned: Delft, The Hague, Leyden, Harlem,
+Amsterdam, Sardam, Broek, Alkmaar, The Helder, and Utrecht. The
+programme will enable you to see all the interesting points of Holland,
+including the capital, the drained lake of Harlem, and the great dike of
+the Helder.
+
+"The water of Holland is very bad, and drank in any considerable
+quantities would probably make you sick. Spring water, brought from
+Utrecht in stone jars, may be obtained in the large towns. Whenever it
+is practicable, I shall see that you are supplied with it; but avoid the
+common water. You will now resume your studies."
+
+Mr. Hamblin took his place with the other professors, and the studies of
+the ship went on as usual. The mail came on board, and, when school was
+dismissed, the letters were distributed. The first lieutenant of the
+Josephine and Duncan were invited to the main cabin to give their
+evidence in regard to the trouble between Paul and the professor.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XVIII.
+
+AN EXCURSION AMONG THE DIKES.
+
+
+Terrill and Duncan, with the letters in their hands which they had just
+received, entered the main cabin. They were called upon, in the presence
+of Mr. Lowington and Mr. Hamblin, as well as Captain Kendall, to give
+their testimony, which went to show that the commander was thoroughly
+and heartily opposed to any demonstration against the obnoxious
+instructor.
+
+"What did Mr. Kendall say to you?" asked Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"He asked me to use my influence with the fellows to prevent anything
+being done, and wished me to let them all know that he would not
+tolerate anything irregular," replied Duncan.
+
+"Did he, indeed!" sneered Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"He did, indeed," answered Duncan, with a twinkle of the eye.
+
+"How happened he to say as much as this to you?" demanded the professor.
+
+"Because, being an old friend and schoolmate of Captain Kendall, I
+happened to tell him that the fellows were inclined to haze Mr.
+Hamblin."
+
+"To haze me!" exclaimed Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"I understand that we are to tell the whole truth here," added Duncan,
+who seemed to enjoy the confusion of the learned gentleman. "I didn't
+hear of any particular plans; but the fellows kept hinting at
+something."
+
+"Did they, indeed?"
+
+"They did, indeed."
+
+"But you don't know what they were?"
+
+"I do not, sir."
+
+"Can you tell me who wrote the letter I asked you to translate?"
+
+"No sir, I cannot."
+
+Mr. Lowington asked some questions of the witness; and it was evident to
+him that the disaffection on board of the Josephine was more general
+than he had before suspected. Terrill was called upon to explain still
+further the position of the captain; and Duncan opened his letters,
+being, as all the boys were, anxious to hear from home. He had two
+letters. Besides the one from his mother, there was another postmarked
+at Cologne, which he read after he had finished the first.
+
+As Duncan read this Cologne letter his face became quite red, and he was
+not a little agitated. By the time he had finished both of them, the
+first lieutenant had told all he knew in regard to the captain's
+position. He was very candid in making his statement, and took no pains
+to conceal the general disgust felt on board of the consort at the
+conduct of Mr. Hamblin; and he took no pains to conceal the fact that he
+shared the feelings of his shipmates.
+
+"I should like to add something to my former statement, if you please,
+Mr. Lowington," said Duncan, rising, with the Cologne letter in his
+hand.
+
+"What do you wish to add?" asked the principal.
+
+"I know now who wrote the letter to Mr. Hamblin."
+
+"Who?"
+
+"Richard H. Linggold."
+
+"Who is he?"
+
+"He is an old schoolmate of mine, whom I met in Antwerp the afternoon we
+first went ashore there," replied Duncan, who now appeared to be
+considerably embarrassed.
+
+"Was he a schoolmate of Mr. Kendall also?" demanded Mr. Hamblin, who was
+more anxious to connect the letter with him than to promote the
+discipline of the students.
+
+"No, sir; I don't think Captain Kendall ever saw Linggold."
+
+"We are to conclude, Duncan, that you put him up to this mischief,"
+added Mr. Lowington.
+
+"Yes, sir; I did," answered Duncan, candidly.
+
+"Why did you virtually deny all knowledge of the letter when I appealed
+to the ship's company before the suspension of Captain Kendall,"
+continued Mr. Lowington, sternly.
+
+"I will explain. I met Linggold in Antwerp, and spent an hour with him
+at the Hotel St. Antoine, where he was staying with his uncle. He wanted
+to know about the academy squadron, and I told him all about both
+vessels. As the trouble we had had in the Josephine was uppermost in the
+minds of all of us, I told him all about that."
+
+"Did you, indeed?'? said Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"I did, indeed. I am willing to acknowledge that I intended to join with
+the rest of the fellows in hazing Mr. Hamblin."
+
+"Are you, indeed?" sneered the professor, so wrathy that it was
+impossible for him to keep his seat, and he began to stride up and down
+the cabin.
+
+"I am, indeed. About a dozen of us were going to write letters to Mr.
+Hamblin from all the big bugs, including Louis Napoleon, the King of
+Holland, the King of Belgium, and all the Ministers of State whose names
+we could find out."
+
+"Were you, indeed?" gasped the _savant_, passing before the witness.
+
+"We were, indeed. I told Linggold what we were going to do, and he
+promised to help me, being a first-rate French and German scholar; but I
+told him we didn't want any help, and that he would get me into a scrape
+if he meddled with the matter. I meant to have the letters mailed in
+some place where none of us ever went. I told Linggold I wanted him to
+take the letters and mail them at Cologne, and other places he went to
+in his travels; and he promised to do so. I didn't think of such a thing
+as his writing any letter after what I said. I left him then, and
+haven't seen or heard from him since till now. He must have written the
+letter right off, and mailed it at once, for it came on board the
+Josephine that night."
+
+"Do you mean to say that you didn't know this letter was to be written?"
+demanded Mr. Hamblin, sharply.
+
+"Yes, sir."
+
+"When I asked you to give me a translation of it, were you not aware
+that it was a forgery?"
+
+"I supposed it was."
+
+"You knew it was!"
+
+"No, sir; I did not. I had no knowledge whatever in regard to the
+writer. It did not occur to me, after what had passed between Linggold
+and me, that he wrote the letter. I believed it was done by some fellow
+on board. When the captain was arrested, all the fellows tried to find
+out who had sent the letter, but no one would acknowledge it."
+
+"Did you write any letters of this description, Duncan?" asked the
+principal.
+
+"No, sir. I had two conversations with the captain; and when he asked me
+to do what I could to prevent any tricks being played upon the
+professor, I determined not to have anything to do with the letters, or
+any practical jokes of any kind. I can bring a dozen fellows to prove
+that I said all I could to keep them from playing any tricks."
+
+"What does your friend say in his letter?"
+
+"He says the joke was so good he couldn't resist the temptation to send
+the first letter to the professor himself, and wants to know why I
+didn't send the letters to him that I promised?"
+
+"Why didn't you?"
+
+"After what the captain said, I persuaded the fellows not to write the
+letters, and I did not write any myself. This letter is on the same kind
+of paper as that," added Duncan, pointing to that which Paul had.
+
+"Are you satisfied, Mr. Hamblin?" asked Mr. Lowington.
+
+"No, sir, I am not," replied the professor, decidedly. "It appears that
+there was an organized conspiracy against me in the consort."
+
+"But it does not appear that Captain Kendall had anything to do with
+it," added the principal, mildly.
+
+"These boys are deceitful."
+
+"Some of them are," replied Mr. Lowington, taking his pen and writing a
+few lines. "Duncan, I am not satisfied with your conduct."
+
+"I am not satisfied with it myself, sir," answered Duncan. "Perhaps I
+ought to have known where that letter came from when Mr. Hamblin asked
+me to translate it; but I supposed some of the fellows on board had done
+it."
+
+"Didn't you recognize the writing of your friend?"
+
+"No, sir; it is very much like that of half a dozen fellows on board."
+
+"It is very much like Mr. Kendall's," said Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"Linggold, Captain Kendall, and myself, all learned to write in the same
+school."
+
+"Then Mr. Kendall knows this Linggold?"
+
+"No, sir; he didn't go to the school till Captain Kendall left."
+
+"I suppose not," added the incredulous professor. "I am still of the
+opinion that Mr. Kendall wrote that letter."
+
+"I am entirely satisfied that he did not write it. Duncan, you will
+remain on board of the ship. Mr. Terrill, you will return to the
+Josephine, pipe to muster, and read this order. Captain Kendall will
+return with you."
+
+"What is the order?" demanded Mr. Hamblin.
+
+"'All charges against Captain Kendall being disproved, he is hereby
+reinstated, and ordered to resume the command of the Josephine,'"
+replied the principal, reading the order.
+
+"Mr. Lowington, I protest--"
+
+"I have heard you patiently, Mr. Hamblin, and have given my decision,"
+interposed the principal, directing the students present to retire.
+
+Paul bowed to Mr. Lowington, and left the cabin. The investigation had
+ended as he had supposed from the beginning that it would end.
+
+"Mr. Lowington, I protest against this decision," repeated Mr. Hamblin,
+angrily. "I feel obliged to say that there has been a great lack of
+judgment in managing this unpleasant business."
+
+"And I feel obliged to remind you, Mr. Hamblin, that I am the principal
+of this academy squadron. My decision is final," replied Mr. Lowington,
+with dignity, as he rose from his chair and left the cabin.
+
+"Snubbed by the boys, snubbed by the principal!" exclaimed the learned
+gentleman. "Dr. Winstock, did you ever witness a more ridiculous farce
+in your life?"
+
+"Never, sir," replied the surgeon. "It seems to me that you insist upon
+condemning Captain Kendall, guilty or innocent."
+
+"I have no doubt whatever of his guilt. Those boys are all in league
+with each other, Kendall included. There is a conspiracy to annoy me,
+and to get rid of me; but they will find they have mistaken their man
+in me, if they haven't in anybody else! Dr. Winstock, I tell you the
+letter Duncan held in his hand was a fiction! I have been with students
+all my life, and I know them."
+
+"Why a fiction?"
+
+"That Duncan, who is a very plausible young man, and a friend of
+Kendall, mind, is at the bottom of all this mischief. He wrote the
+Cologne letter himself. It was got up, and sent enclosed to the
+postmaster at Cologne, who of course forwarded it to Rotterdam. It is a
+trick to disprove the charge against Kendall."
+
+Mr. Hamblin was very much excited, and developed his theory in full to
+the surgeon, who quietly pointed out its discrepancies. He insisted that
+the students of the Josephine had thorned and irritated him for the sole
+purpose of getting rid of him, and that Paul was at the bottom of the
+mischief.
+
+"When Mr. Lowington has been among students as long as I have, he will
+understand them better," he added, triumphantly, for he was satisfied
+that he had established his position. "The Josephine is an utter
+failure! The plan is absurd and ridiculous. The senior professor has no
+authority; or it is divided with a boy who hates Greek!"
+
+Dr. Winstock had heard quite enough on the subject, and it was a great
+relief to him when the dinner-bell rang. At this moment three times
+three rousing cheers came over the water from the Josephine. It was not
+difficult to determine the occasion of this demonstration; but Mr.
+Hamblin declared it was another evidence that the students in the
+consort were all in league, and that the captain of her, instead of
+being cheered, ought to be in the brig.
+
+Before the dinner was finished, a Dutch steamer, which Mr. Fluxion had
+engaged, came alongside the ship, and all hands were piped on board. She
+then went to the Josephine, and received her company.
+
+"This steamer does not seem to be much different from those we saw in
+England," said Paul, as he seated himself with Dr. Winstock where they
+could see the country on both sides of the river.
+
+"Not very different, but it is very unlike an American boat," replied
+the surgeon.
+
+"The steering apparatus is not like anything I ever saw before," added
+Paul. "The helmsman stands on a raised platform, and his wheel revolves
+horizontally."
+
+"All the Rhine steamers have that arrangement."
+
+"I think a wheel-house forward is ever so much better. I see the cook is
+a woman."
+
+"Yes; all the Rhine steamers have female cooks. This boat, I believe,
+belongs to the Moerdyk line. Passengers from Antwerp come by railroad to
+Moerdyk, and there take the steamer to Rotterdam. This country is very
+favorable to railroads in being level, but very unfavorable in the
+number of rivers and cut-offs to be crossed, which it is impossible to
+bridge."
+
+The steamer stood up the Leck, and turned into the Merwe, which is a
+branch five or six miles in length, connecting the Leck and the Waal. On
+each side was a dike, of course; but the view from the steamer showed
+only an ordinary bank. The top of it was broad, and occasionally there
+was a neat cottage or a little inn upon the top of it. The roof or
+chimney of a house beyond it was frequently observed, otherwise the
+uninformed traveller would not have suspected the character of the
+country. The embankment was studded with windmills, placed on the
+highest ground, to give the sails the full benefit of the wind. Some of
+them were used for grinding grain, some for sawing lumber, and others
+for forcing the water up from the low ground into the river.
+
+The steamer passed from the Merwe into the Waal, and stood up the river.
+There was but little variation in the scenery. The wall of dikes on
+either side was uninterrupted. Sometimes they were lined with rows of
+trees, between which was the common road; at others they were bare and
+naked. The captain of the steamer told them that a portion of the
+country in the vicinity was lower than the bottom of the river. The
+whole region seemed to be saturated with water, and the wonder is that
+the people can go to bed at night with any assurance that they will not
+be drowned out before morning.
+
+"There is the Castle of Loevestein," said the captain of the boat, who
+spoke good English, "and the fort below has the same name."
+
+"Did you ever hear of it before?" asked Mr. Mapps, who was on the
+lookout for places of historical interest, as he turned to a group of
+seamen.
+
+"You mentioned it this morning," replied one of the students.
+
+"In what connection?"
+
+"Some man had a wonderful escape from it," added another.
+
+"Who was that man?"
+
+"A Dutchman with a Latin name."
+
+"Grotius, or De Groot," added Mr. Mapps. "The Stadtholder, Prince
+Maurice, the boy general and ruler, wished to make himself hereditary
+sovereign of the Netherlands, and was opposed by the judge, Barneveldt,
+and Grotius. The prince carried the day; Barneveldt was executed, and
+Grotius imprisoned in this castle, where he was kept nearly two years.
+He was very strictly guarded at first; but his wife, finding that the
+vigilance of the sentinels was relaxed, devised a scheme for effecting
+his liberation. The books, papers, and linen of the prisoner were
+conveyed to him in a large box, which the guards, having so often
+searched in vain for contraband articles, at last neglected to examine.
+The box, and the carelessness of the soldiers, suggested to the wife of
+Grotius the means of getting her husband out of the castle.
+
+"She prepared the chest by boring some holes in it, for the admission of
+the air, and took her servant-girl into her confidence. The box was
+conveyed to the apartment of Grotius, and the project explained to him.
+He did not relish the idea of being shut up in a chest, and rolled about
+in a boat; but his wife's entreaties prevailed over his scruples. It was
+pretended that the box was filled with books which the learned man had
+borrowed in Gorcum, the town which you see on the other side of the
+river.
+
+"The chest, containing the philosopher, was conveyed by the soldiers
+down to the boat, in charge of the servant-girl. When one of them
+complained of its weight, the man said it was the Arminian books which
+were so heavy; for Grotius was an Arminian in his theology. The soldier
+suggested that it was the Arminian himself; but this was intended as a
+joke, and the box was tumbled into the boat. The servant made a signal
+with her handkerchief to her mistress, who was looking out of the
+window, to indicate that all was right.
+
+"When the boat reached Gorcum, the box was conveyed to the house of a
+friend of Grotius, of whom it was presumed that he had borrowed the
+books. The servant-girl told him that her master was in the box, and
+begged his assistance; but he was so terrified, in view of the
+consequences, that he refused to have anything to do with the matter.
+His wife, however, had more pluck in the service of a friend, and,
+having sent all her domestics out of the house on various errands, she
+opened the box, and released the philosopher from durance vile.
+
+"Grotius, who had suffered no serious inconvenience from his confinement
+in the box, which was only three and a half feet long, was disguised as
+a mason, and, with a rule and trowel in his hand, was conducted to a
+boat, and sent into Belgium, where he was safe from pursuit.
+
+"The philosopher's wife remained in the room occupied by her husband in
+the castle, and used every means to conceal his escape. She lighted the
+lamp in his room at dark, by which the governor of the prison was
+deceived. She was arrested and imprisoned for a short time; but when
+discharged, she joined her husband in Paris, whither he had gone."
+
+"There is a frigate in the Dutch navy called the Marie van
+Reigersberch, named for the wife of Grotius," added the captain of the
+steamer, who had been an attentive listener to the story.
+
+The steamer went but a short distance farther up the Waal, and then came
+about. She soon reached Dort, or Dordrecht, where she made a landing,
+and the students wandered for an hour through the streets of this
+ancient town.
+
+"This is a musty old place," said Paul, as he walked up one of the
+streets with a canal in the middle of it, in company with Mr. Fluxion
+and the surgeon; "I shouldn't feel safe here unless I lived in a boat."
+
+"Many of the people live in boats, as you perceive," added Mr. Fluxion,
+as he pointed to a gayly-painted craft, on the deck of which was a group
+of children.
+
+At the little window in the stern sat a woman, sewing, while another was
+knitting near the cabin door. There were white muslin curtains at the
+stern ports, and what could be seen of the interior of the apartment
+indicated that it was kept extremely neat.
+
+"I think I should prefer to live in something that would float, in case
+of accident," laughed the doctor, "especially in this part of Holland.
+The operation of the water is wonderful. The channel in front of Dort
+was formed by an inundation which separated the town from the main land,
+leaving it deep enough to float the largest Indiaman."
+
+"The Leck, on which we sailed for a time after leaving Rotterdam, was a
+canal dug by the Romans to connect the Rhine and the Waal," added Mr.
+Fluxion. "A freshet cleaned it out, and tore away its banks so as to
+make the present broad river of it. In an inundation a few years later,
+seventy-two villages were swept away, and one hundred thousand people
+lost their lives. Thirty-five of these villages were never heard from
+afterwards, and not even their ruins could be found."
+
+"I should emigrate if I lived here," said Paul.
+
+"The people of Holland are very much attached to their country," replied
+Dr. Winstock.
+
+"Well, they ought to be, on the principle that we like best what has
+cost us the most trouble to procure," added Paul. "It seems to me a
+great pity that people should struggle here to keep their heads above
+water, when we have so much spare land in America. We could take them
+all in without feeling it."
+
+"Dutchmen would not feel at home on high ground."
+
+"We could plant them down in Louisiana, and even treat them to an
+occasional inundation."
+
+"Certainly we should be very happy to accommodate them with a country.
+We have a great many Dutchmen already, and they make thrifty,
+industrious, and useful people," continued the doctor. "But I think, if
+Holland were blotted out of existence, the world would miss it very
+much."
+
+"This is a great lumber port," said Mr. Fluxion. "Those great rafts
+which float down the Rhine from Switzerland are mostly brought to this
+place. I hope the boys will have a chance to see one of those rafts, for
+they are stupendous affairs. One of them sometimes contains a hundred
+and fifty thousand dollars' worth of lumber, and has a crew of four or
+five hundred men."
+
+"I think I heard Mr. Lowington say that we were to go down the Rhine,"
+replied Paul.
+
+"That is the Kloveniers Doelen," said Mr. Fluxion, as he led his
+companions into a back street and pointed out an old Gothic building.
+"It was here that the Protestant divines discussed the doctrines of the
+reformed religion, whose 'miraculous labors made hell tremble,' to quote
+the words of its presiding officer. The assembly is called in history
+the Synod of Dort. The building, as you may see by reading the sign, is
+now a low public house and dance-hall."
+
+"Reading the sign!" exclaimed Paul, laughing; "a fellow would knock all
+the teeth out of his head in attempting to speak some of these words."
+
+"But many of them are very like English words. A dike is a _dijk_."
+
+"Steamboats are _stoombooten_," said Paul; "and a street is a straat.
+What are canals?"
+
+"_Grachten_; the drawbridge is _ophaalbruggen_."
+
+"Whew!" whistled Paul.
+
+"But you can observe something like open-bridge in the sound. You see
+that the _spiegels_ are very common here."
+
+"I see they are; but I haven't the least idea what they are."
+
+"The little mirrors placed outside the windows."
+
+"I saw plenty of them in Antwerp."
+
+"They are not as common there as in Holland, where they are to be seen
+attached to almost every house. By this contrivance a Dutch dame can see
+every person that passes in the street, without raising the blinds. But
+I think the hour is nearly up, and we must return to the steamer," said
+Mr. Fluxion.
+
+The party went on board, and the steamer returned to Rotterdam by a
+different route from that by which she had come. The next day was
+Sunday. After the second service on board the ship, Mr. Fluxion, having
+occasion to go on shore, invited Paul to accompany him.
+
+"It will not seem much like Sunday to you in Rotterdam," said the
+vice-principal, as they landed at the _quai_.
+
+"I supposed the Dutch were very strict."
+
+"Some of them are. Look down that street," said Mr. Fluxion, as he
+pointed to the broad avenue which bordered the great river. "You observe
+that the _quais_ are all lined with ships. In the houses opposite live
+the merchants. They occupy the upper stories of the buildings, while the
+lower are used as counting-rooms and storehouses. The ship-owner sits at
+his parlor window and witnesses the unlading of his vessel."
+
+They walked up to the Hotel des Pays-Bas, which the traveller is
+informed by its card is situated in the _Korte Hoogstraat, wijk No.
+287_, where Mr. Fluxion desired to see a gentleman who had engaged to
+meet him there. In one of the public rooms a party were playing cards,
+drinking, and smoking, and talking Dutch in the most vehement manner.
+After a stay of an hour at the hotel, they returned to the _quai_,
+passing through _Zandstraat_, which was filled with people, shouting,
+singing, and skylarking. About every other shop appeared to be a
+drinking saloon, in which a fiddle or a hurdy-gurdy was making wild
+music, while the floor was crowded with men and women dancing.
+
+In another street they encountered a mock procession of girls and boys,
+singing in the most stormy manner as they marched along. It was not at
+all like Sunday, and Paul was so shocked at the desecration of the day,
+that he was glad to regain the silence of his cabin in the Josephine.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XIX.
+
+A RUN THROUGH HOLLAND.
+
+
+Like that of all impulsive men, the wrath of Mr. Hamblin was
+short-lived, though he still felt that he was greatly abused, greatly
+distrusted, and greatly under-estimated; and the last was the greatest
+sin of all. After the first blast of his anger at the final decision of
+the principal had subsided, he was disposed to be more politic. Mr.
+Lowington had snubbed him, which was a great mistake on Mr. Lowington's
+part.
+
+Mr. Hamblin knew that he was an older man than the principal, and he
+felt that he was a wiser one, and his employer ought to consult him,
+defer to his opinion, and take his advice. He did not do this to the
+extent the learned gentleman demanded; and the Academy Ship was the
+sufferer thereby, not himself. If Mr. Lowington could stand it, he
+could, disagreeable as it was. If Mr. Hamblin had been pecuniarily
+independent, he would have thrown up his situation, and visited the
+classic lands alone; but as he was not able to do this, he decided to
+submit to Mr. Lowington's caprices, and give the institution the benefit
+of his valuable services.
+
+If the students had known of this decision, they would have remonstrated
+against it. As it was, they protested in their own way. On Saturday
+night, after the return of the students from the excursion, while the
+_savant_ was promenading the deck for his needed exercise, not less than
+three practical jokes were played off upon him. The crew were squaring
+the yards, hauling taut the sheets, lifts, and braces, and putting the
+deck in order for Sunday. The professor was tipped over by getting
+entangled in a piece of rigging, a bucket of water was dashed upon his
+legs, and a portion of the contents of a slush-tub was poured upon him
+from the main-top. No one seemed to see him; the students appeared to be
+struck with blindness, so far as the learned gentleman was concerned. It
+is true that the rogues who pulled the brace, dashed the water, and
+upset the slush-tub, were immediately committed to the brig; but this
+did not seem to afford much comfort to the victim.
+
+On Sunday morning it was necessary to commit three more; but the whole
+six were released in the evening, because they could not sleep in the
+brig. Mr. Lowington was annoyed quite as much as the professor; and when
+Mr. Fluxion came on board, he had a long conversation with him on the
+subject.
+
+"I was a boy once, Mr. Lowington," said the vice-principal; "and I am
+free to say I would not have tolerated such an instructor as Mr.
+Hamblin. He hasn't a particle of sympathy with the students. He is
+haughty, stiff, and overbearing. He is imperious, fretful, snarling, and
+tyrannical. In a word, I don't blame the boys for disliking him."
+
+"I am conscious that he is not the right person. In the case of Kendall,
+he protested against my decision, and had the impudence to tell me that
+I lacked judgment. I have engaged him for a year. What shall I do?"
+replied the principal.
+
+"I hardly know; but we shall be in trouble as long as he is in the
+squadron. We must give the boys fair play, if we expect them to do their
+duty."
+
+"I have kept Duncan on board the ship, and I suppose I must punish him,"
+added Mr. Lowington. "He plotted mischief, but he has really done
+nothing."
+
+"Excuse me," said Dr. Winstock, as he opened the door, but retreated
+when he saw that he disturbed a private interview.
+
+"Come in, doctor; I wish to see you," replied the principal.
+
+The surgeon was admitted to the conference, and the case stated to him.
+
+"The pedagogue of the past is rapidly going out of fashion," said the
+doctor. "Our educational system is progressive, and it will no longer
+tolerate the teacher who is the petty tyrant he was twenty years ago.
+Mr. Hamblin is an old-school pedagogue. His will is law, which is all
+right to a certain extent. The teacher must be the judge between right
+and wrong; but he must be gentle and kind, and raise no false issues
+between his pupil and himself. Mr. Hamblin is not gentle and kind. He is
+capricious, wilful, and passionate."
+
+"I agree with you in regard to Mr. Hamblin; but what shall I do?"
+
+"Discharge him," replied the doctor, promptly. "Any instructor who
+cannot get along with Paul Kendall, without quarrelling, is not fit for
+his place. The students of the Josephine have hazed Mr. Hamblin out of
+pure sympathy for their captain."
+
+"I have engaged Mr. Hamblin for a year from the 1st of July."
+
+"I should pay him his salary in full, and let him depart in peace, if he
+would."
+
+"We need his services as an instructor."
+
+"So far as that is concerned, I will volunteer to take the department of
+mathematics. I was a tutor in college in that branch for a couple of
+years."
+
+Mr. Lowington thanked the surgeon for this offer; and the call to divine
+service in the steerage terminated the interview. The principal's
+advisers spoke his own opinions; and the only thing that embarrassed him
+in getting rid of the obnoxious professor was the bad conduct of the
+students in regard to him. It was emphatically wrong for them to "haze"
+an unpopular professor; and Mr. Lowington was not willing to act under
+apparent compulsion.
+
+The school studies were continued as usual through the forenoon of
+Monday. After dinner, dressed in their best uniforms, with bag and
+blanket, the students were conveyed to the shore for their trip through
+Holland, which was to occupy three or four days. The first afternoon was
+to be occupied in exploring Rotterdam, and, as usual, Paul Kendall and
+Dr. Winstock kept together.
+
+"This is the _Hoogstraat_," said the doctor, when they reached the
+principal street of the city.
+
+"Does that mean _Hog Street_?"
+
+"Not at all," laughed Dr. Winstock. "It means the _High Street_. It is
+situated on the top of an old dike or dam, built to keep the Maas from
+overflowing the country behind it. One of these canals is formed out of
+the River Rotte. This stream and this dam gave the name of _Rotterdam_
+to the place."
+
+"Whose statue is that?" asked Paul, when they came to a wide bridge over
+a broad canal.
+
+"That is the statue of Erasmus, who was born in Rotterdam."
+
+"Never heard of him."
+
+"He was a noted theologian and classical scholar, who made his mark in
+the polemical discussions of Germany and Switzerland in the time of the
+Reformation. This is the _Groote Markt_, or market-place, of Rotterdam,"
+added Dr. Winstock, when they had crossed the bridge.
+
+[Illustration: A DISAGREEMENT AMONG THE DOG TEAMS.--Page 314.]
+
+It was a great square, in the middle of which the canal widened into a
+basin for the accommodation of the market boats, by which the meats and
+vegetables are brought from the country. There were plenty of dog teams
+passing in and out of this square, and at rest there, which amused the
+young Americans hugely. The vehicle--a little cart or wagon, sometimes
+large enough to contain four of the great polished brass milk-cans,
+holding from ten to twenty gallons, and sometimes no bigger than a baby
+carriage--was generally in charge of a woman. In some of them the dog
+was regularly harnessed in a pair of shafts; but in the larger ones
+there was a division of labor between the driver and the animals. The
+woman held the shafts, while the dogs, from two to six in number, were
+attached to various parts of the vehicle. If there were but two of them,
+they generally trotted under the wagon, being harnessed to the
+axletree; if more than two, the others were hitched on ahead of her, and
+at each side of her. The dogs were of all sorts and sizes, and seemed to
+be patient and well trained in the discharge of their duty. In some
+instances, while the woman held the shaft, a stout man walked behind,
+with a stick in his hand, officiating as general manager of the team,
+including his "_vrow_"!
+
+"There's a row!" shouted Paul, as they approached the banks of the
+canal.
+
+"That's not an uncommon scene in Holland," replied the doctor, laughing.
+
+One of the first-class dog teams had incautiously been conducted too
+near another team, reposing, after the labors of the day, on the verge
+of the canal. Some canine demonstration on the part of the idle dogs,
+doubtless, excited the ire of the travelling team, and, without asking
+the woman's permission, the latter deserted the ranks, so far as their
+harness would permit, and "pitched into" the others, which sprang to
+their feet, and met the assailants half way. All the dogs howled,
+growled, and barked vehemently, and in a moment the two teams were
+rolling upon the ground, entangled in their rigging, snapping, biting,
+and kicking, in mad fury.
+
+The woman seized a stick, and belabored the belligerents with great
+vigor; but the fight continued, in spite of her, until several women
+interfered, and dragged the cart of the idlers, clogs and all, out of
+the reach of the others. The driver, after severely whipping her charge,
+unsnarled their rigging, and went on her way. Paul had to stop and laugh
+frequently at these dog teams, the animals presented so many different
+phases of character. Some of them howled or barked as they trudged
+along; and many manifested a desire to make the acquaintance of other
+teams on their way, much to the annoyance of the driver, who would storm
+at them in Dutch, kick and whip them.
+
+Many of the men, women, and children wore sabots, or wooden shoes, which
+Paul compared to canal boats, and went clumping and clattering along the
+streets like champion clog-dancers. The Flemish cap, worn by some of the
+peasant women, also amused Paul very much. From each side of the
+wearer's head, near the eye, projected a brass ornament, in the shape of
+a spiral spring, but each circle diminishing in size till the wire ended
+in a point, like a gimlet.
+
+In the older parts of the city the tourists found brick buildings whose
+walls slant outwards, so that the eaves would project eighteen inches
+over the base, as farmers in New England sometimes build their
+corn-barns.
+
+Rotterdam contains about as many canals as streets, which are frequently
+crossed by draw-bridges. Some of these are handsome iron structures,
+revolving on a balance, so as to make a passage on each side when open.
+Others were raised by heavy framework overhead; and in some of the
+bridges there was only an opening one or two feet wide, to permit the
+passing of the vessel's masts.
+
+After examining the canals and bridges in this part of the city, Paul
+and the doctor walked to the church of St. Lawrence, which is noted for
+its great organ, ninety feet high, and containing sixty-five hundred
+pipes.
+
+"Now, Paul, we will take a carriage and ride up to the park, and go
+from there to the railway station," said the doctor, as they left the
+_Groote Kerk_.
+
+"What is that man eating?" asked Paul, as they passed through one of the
+dirtiest parts of the city, where, on the bank of the canal, a woman was
+standing behind a table loaded down with a heap of shellfish, just as
+they came from the mud.
+
+The customer was taking them from the shells, drinking at intervals from
+a cup.
+
+"They are a kind of mussel; I never had confidence enough to taste of
+them," laughed the doctor. "The condiments are in the cup, I suppose. Do
+you wish to try them?"
+
+"No, I thank you; my stomach is not lined with zinc, and such a vile
+mess as that would be too much for it. Those cakes look better," added
+Paul, pointing to a stand where a man and woman were cooking waffles, or
+flapjacks, which were eaten by the purchasers in a neat little booth.
+
+"Those are very nice," said the doctor. "We will try some of them. You
+never need have any suspicions of the neatness of these Dutch women."
+
+They went into the booth, and were soon supplied with a couple of the
+cakes, hot from the furnace, and covered with powdered white sugar. Paul
+agreed that they were very nice.
+
+"The signs amuse me quite as much as any thing else, and I am studying
+Dutch by their aid," said Paul, as they continued on their way.
+
+"Read this, then," added the doctor, handing him a yellow paper bag he
+picked up in the street, on which was a shopkeeper's advertisement.
+
+"I can read some of it," replied Paul; and the reader may help him.
+
+   In de Mooriaan.
+   Deze en meer andere soorten van
+   TABAK, SNUIF, SIGAREN, KOFFIJ,
+   THEE ENZ
+   _zijn te bekomen bij_
+   D. B. SCHRETLEN,
+   Zandstraat, Wijk 5, No. 447,
+   ROTTERDAM.
+
+"Tobacco, snuff, cigars, coffee--these are plain enough. What does 'Wijk
+5' mean?"
+
+"That is a division or ward of the city, like E. C. and W. C., in
+London."
+
+The carriage was obtained, and they rode to the park, which, however,
+had no particular attractions. With the exception of the canals, and the
+manners and customs of the people, there is little to see in Rotterdam.
+On the way they met a funeral, the carriages of which were peculiar; and
+the driver of the hearse wore a black straw hat, with a brim more than a
+foot wide, and with great white bands at his neck.
+
+At five o'clock the students had all collected at the station of the
+_Hollandsche Spoorweg_, or Holland Railroad; and in twenty minutes the
+train set them down at Delft, the port from which the Speedwell sailed
+with a portion of the Pilgrim Fathers of New England. The name of the
+town is derived from "_delven_," to dig. It contains twenty thousand
+inhabitants, and was formerly noted for its pottery manufacture, which
+was called Delft ware, from this place.
+
+The party went immediately to the _Prinsenhof_, now a barrack, which was
+the building in which the Prince of Orange was assassinated. The spot
+where the murder took place was pointed out. A descriptive stone in the
+wall records the event. From this place they passed on to the Old
+Church, nearly opposite, which has a leaning tower, and saw the tomb of
+Van Tromp, the great Dutch admiral, the hero of thirty-two sea-fights.
+In the New Church is the monument of the Prince of Orange. His statue
+rests upon it; and at the feet of the great man is represented a little
+dog. The inscription was translated by Mr. Mapps, and the allusion to
+the dog afforded the professor an opportunity to tell a story.
+
+"While the prince was asleep in his camp, near Mechlin, the Spaniards
+attempted to murder him," said he, "and would probably have succeeded
+had if not been for this little dog. As the assassins approached the
+tent, the dog discovered them, and jumped upon his master's bed, barking
+furiously, and tugging at the clothing with his feet and teeth. The
+prince was awakened, and succeeded in making his escape. When his master
+was killed, twelve years later, this dog pined away and died."
+
+"Perhaps he died of old age," suggested one of the students.
+
+"The story is, that he refused to eat from grief. I cannot vouch for it;
+but he was a good dog, and deserves the mention made of him on the tomb.
+This church contains the burial-vaults of the present royal family of
+Holland."
+
+At six o'clock the train was off for The Hague, and arrived there in
+fifteen minutes. On the way, the spire of the church at Ryswick, where
+the treaty of 1697 mentioned in all the school histories, was framed,
+was pointed out to the students. Accommodations had been engaged in the
+city for the company and they remained here over night.
+
+The Hague, or, as the Dutch call it, _S'Gravenhage_, and the French _La
+Haye_, is the capital, and has a population of eighty-one thousand.
+Though it was the residence of the stadtholders in former times, it was
+only a small village, and its notable features are of modern origin.
+Barneveldt was executed and the De Witts murdered here. The Picture
+Gallery and the Museum were specially opened for the young Americans.
+The works of art were hastily viewed, and the students passed into the
+Cabinet of Curiosities, of which there is a vast collection, including
+an immense number of dresses, implements, and models illustrating life
+in Japan and in China.
+
+Among the historical relics are the armor worn by the admirals De Ruiter
+and Van Tromp; the portrait and sword of Van Speyk, who blew up his
+vessel on the Scheldt; a part of the bed of Czar Peter the Great, on
+which he slept while working at ship-building; the last shirt and
+waistcoat worn by William III. of England; the dress in which the Prince
+of Orange was murdered; the pistol of the assassin, with two of the
+bullets; a model of Peter's cabin at Zaandam, or Sardam, and many other
+objects of interest which seemed to bring the distant past before the
+eye of the beholders.
+
+Early the next morning the students were roaming at will through the
+city, anxious to see what they could of its handsome streets, the
+principal of which is the Voorhout, lined with trees, and flanked with
+splendid edifices. After breakfast the train bore them on to Leyden. On
+the way, at the suggestion of Mr. Fluxion, the train, which was a
+special, was stopped, and the students were allowed half an hour to
+explore some beautiful gardens which abounded in this vicinity. Many of
+them belonged to the country seats of wealthy gentlemen, and were as
+magnificent as fairyland itself.
+
+But what pleased Paul more than the gardens of rich men, was an
+opportunity to visit the house and grounds of a citizen in humbler life.
+Mr. Fluxion asked the permission, which was readily granted.
+
+"You needn't take your shoes off here, as you must in some parts of
+Holland, before you enter a house; but you must wipe them very
+carefully," said the vice-principal. "The greatest sin against a Dutch
+housewife is to carry any dirt into her premises."
+
+Paul made sure that not a particle of dust clung to his feet, and
+entered the cottage. It was plainly furnished; but everything was as
+clean, and white, and neat as though the room had been the interior of
+the upper bureau drawer. Dr. Winstock ventured the remark, that Dutch
+husbands must be the most miserable men in the world, since it could not
+but be painful to be so excruciatingly nice.
+
+The proprietor of the house had about half an acre of land, which
+constituted his garden. It was laid out with winding walks and fanciful
+plats of ground, filled with the richest-hued flowers. It contained a
+pond and a canal, on a small scale; for a Dutchman would not be at home
+without a water prospect, even if it were only in miniature. At the end
+of the garden, overlooking the pond, there was a grotesque little summer
+house, large enough to accommodate the proprietor and his family. Here,
+of a summer afternoon, he smoked his pipe, drank his tea, coffee, or
+beer, while his wife plied her needle, and the children played at the
+door.
+
+"What is that inscription on the house?" asked Paul, as they approached
+the building.
+
+"_Mijn genegenheid is voldam_," replied Mr. Fluxion.
+
+"Exactly so! I understand that, and those are my sentiments," laughed
+Paul; "but what does it all mean?"
+
+"'My desire is satisfied,'" replied the vice-principal.
+
+"He is a happy man if that is so," added the doctor.
+
+"Many of the Dutch label their garden houses with a sentiment like
+that," continued Mr. Fluxion. "I have seen one somewhere which smacks of
+Yankee slang--'_Niet zoo kwaalijk_.'"
+
+"I should say that was slang," interposed Paul.
+
+"It means, 'Not so bad.'"
+
+"Well, it isn't so bad, after all," added the doctor, glancing back at
+the "_zomerhuis_," as they retired, with many thanks to the proprietor
+for the privilege granted to them.
+
+The hoarse croaking of the locomotive whistle, which appeared to have a
+cold in its head, drummed the students together again, and the train
+proceeded.
+
+"This is the Rhine," said the doctor, as they went over a bridge.
+
+"The Rhine!" exclaimed Paul, jumping out of his seat. "Why, it isn't
+anything!"
+
+"That is true; but you must remember that this is the old Rhine,--the
+part which was dug out, robbed of the burden of its waters by the Yssel,
+the Leck, and the Waal. The Rhine of Germany is quite another affair.
+The mouth of the Rhine is eight miles below Leyden. It was closed for a
+thousand years."
+
+"What became of its waters? They must have gone somewhere," said Paul.
+
+"They disposed of themselves in various small streams, and worked their
+way to the ocean, or soaked into the sands. The mouth of the river was
+opened in 1809, by an engineer, under the direction of Louis Napoleon,
+King of Holland. But the ocean at high tide was higher than the river,
+and to prevent the sea from flowing back into the country and disturbing
+the system of dikes, immense gates were made in the sluiceways
+constructed for the purpose. When the tide comes in, these gates are
+shut. At low tide they are opened to let the water out. Indeed, this is
+true of all the canals, which are provided with gates at each end, like
+a dock. The dikes at the mouth of the Rhine are stupendous works; and as
+the foundation is nothing but sand, they are built on piles, and the
+face of them is of stone. This is Leyden."
+
+"What is there here?" asked Paul, as they got out of the carriage.
+
+"It has about the same sights as Delft, and also a celebrated
+university; but it is more noted for its siege by the Spaniards, in
+1574, than for anything else. Doubtless Mr. Mapps will fight the battle
+over again."
+
+Of course the professor of geography and history could not lose such a
+glorious opportunity, and in the _Stadhuis_, where the picture of Peter
+Vanderwerf, the burgomaster who so bravely defended the place in the
+memorable siege, was pointed out, he took advantage of the moment.
+
+"The city had held out four months," said he, after introducing the
+topic, "when the worst came. The Prince of Orange had promised to assist
+the people by supplying them with food; but so close was the blockade of
+the place by the Spaniards, that it was impossible to do so. They were
+reduced to the very verge of starvation. Dogs, cats, rats, horses, were
+greedily eaten. Six thousand of the people died of pestilence, which
+came with the famine, and there was hardly force enough to bury the
+dead. Though pressed and threatened by the citizens, the inflexible
+burgomaster refused to surrender the town. At last a couple of carrier
+pigeons flew into the city, which brought the intelligence that the
+prince had cut the dikes, and sent Admiral Boiset to their relief when
+the rising waters should drive the Spaniards away. But the waters did
+not rise high enough to enable the admiral to approach, and the people
+prayed to Heaven for help. It came. A storm and a gale forced the waters
+far up the river to the walls of Leyden. Boiset, with eight hundred
+wild Zealanders, fought their way through the Spaniards, perched in the
+trees, in boats, or in such places above the water as they could find,
+and made his way into the town. A thousand of the enemy were drowned.
+Leyden was saved, and the people celebrate the day of their deliverance
+up to the present time.
+
+"As a reward for their bravery and dogged perseverance, the prince gave
+them the choice of a university or exemption from a portion of their
+taxes. They chose the former, and the University of Leyden was the
+result."
+
+After a hasty walk to a few of the points of interest in the town, the
+journey was resumed, and in twenty minutes the party was set down in
+Harlem. In the _Groote Kerk_ of St. Bavon, they listened to the playing
+of another great organ, including imitations of bells, and the _vox
+humana_, or "_nux vomica_," as some of the students persisted in calling
+it. Harlem is famous for its hyacinths and tulips, the passion for which
+grew out of the great _tulip mania_, two hundred years ago, when single
+cuttings of these bulbs were sold for four thousand florins, and even at
+higher prices. They are raised not only in gardens, but in fields
+hundreds of acres in extent; for they are a very important article of
+commerce, the gardens of Europe being supplied from this vicinity.
+
+Harlem resisted the Spaniards with the same vigor and determination that
+distinguished Leyden, though with a less fortunate result; and Mr. Mapps
+was too glad to tell the exciting story. The town held out till
+starvation was inevitable, when it was decided by the brave defenders to
+form in a body around their women and children, and fight their way
+through the enemy. The Spaniards, hearing of this scheme, sent in a flag
+of truce, offering pardon and freedom, if the town and fifty-seven of
+the chief citizens should be given up. This number of the principal men
+volunteered to be the sacrifice, and the terms were accepted; but the
+bloodthirsty Duke of Alva, having first murdered the fifty-seven
+citizens, entered upon an indiscriminate massacre of the people, of whom
+two thousand were slain. When the executioners were weary with the
+slaughter, the victims were bound together in couples, and thrown into
+the Lake of Harlem. Four years later, the town fell into the hands of
+the Dutch again.
+
+After the professor had finished the siege of Harlem, the party walked
+along the Spaarne to the machinery used for draining the low land
+formerly covered by the lake. This territory, three hundred years ago,
+was dry land; but an inundation gave it over to the dominion of the sea.
+About twenty-five years ago, the States General of Holland undertook to
+drain it, by forming a double dike and canal entirely around the
+district, thirty-three miles in circumference, and containing forty-five
+thousand acres. Three huge systems of pumps were erected, to be worked
+by steam, and the task of discharging an average depth of thirteen feet
+of water was begun. After four years' pumping, the lake was dried up,
+and the land was sold at the rate of about eighty-five dollars an acre.
+The machinery is still required to keep the water down. One engine works
+eleven pumps, with a lift of thirteen feet, discharging sixty-three tons
+of water at a stroke.
+
+The travellers took their places in the train, and in a few minutes were
+conveyed over the causeways into Amsterdam, in season for the two
+o'clock dinner.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XX.
+
+ADIEU TO HOLLAND AND PROFESSOR HAMBLIN.
+
+
+After dinner the party, in charge of a couple of the city officials, who
+had given them a welcome, went to the Palace, the noblest building in
+Amsterdam. It rests upon nearly fourteen thousand piles, driven seventy
+feet through the mud to "hard pan." During the reign of King Louis, it
+was his residence, and the other sovereigns of Holland used it when they
+visited the city. Its remarkable feature is an imposing hall, one
+hundred and twenty feet long, fifty-seven feet wide, and one hundred
+feet high. The interior is lined with Italian marble, and adorned with
+works of art.
+
+"Young gentlemen," said Mr. Mapps, taking position in this great hall,
+"Amsterdam contains a population of two hundred and sixty-eight
+thousand. In shape, it forms rather more than the plane of a half
+circle, the circumference being composed of the walls of the city,
+outside of which is an immense canal. Inside of the walls there are four
+principal canals, extending nearly around the city. Take the transverse
+section of the trunk of a chestnut tree, divide it, with the grain of
+the wood, into two equal parts, and the top of one of them will give you
+the plane of the half circle. The layers of the log, formed by each
+year's growth, would indicate the canals and the intervening spaces
+covered with buildings. The heart of the city, however, is irregular.
+
+"Each of these canals is situated in the centre of a broad street. The
+Keizers Gracht, or Canal, is one hundred and forty feet wide. They are
+not circular, but form the sides of an irregular decagon. Other canals
+intersect the principal ones, so that all parts of the city may be
+visited in boats or vessels. The River Amstel flows through the town by
+a winding course; and Amsterdam is derived from the name of this stream
+and the dam built over it, in former days, on the spot where this
+edifice is located.
+
+"The Y, or the Ij, is an arm of the Zuyder Zee, and forms the diameter
+of the half circle; but it is bent in the shape of a bow. The water is
+admitted to the canals by the Amstel. At low tide the water in the
+Zuyder Zee is only six or seven inches below the level of this river,
+and great difficulty is experienced in obtaining a circulation of water
+in the canals, where it stagnates, and affects the health of the city.
+All the canals and openings from the sea are protected by flood-gates
+and sluices. The canals which cut up the city divide it into no less
+than ninety islands, connected by two hundred and fifty bridges.
+
+"The entire town, its sluices, and even some of its canals, are built
+upon piles; for the soil beneath is nothing but loose sand and bog mud.
+In 1822 a vast warehouse sunk down into the mud, on account of the
+weight of grain stored in it. Amsterdam is not only in peril from the
+sea around it, but there is danger that the bottom may drop out.
+
+"In the Spanish war, of which I have had so much to say since we entered
+Holland, Amsterdam was held by the Duke of Alva, and, with this city as
+the base of operations, he intended to conquer the country. The siege of
+Harlem was conducted from this direction.
+
+"A small fleet of Dutch armed vessels was frozen up near this city, and
+a force was sent to capture them by the Spanish commander. The crews
+opened a wide trench in the ice around their vessels, and, putting on
+their skates as the besiegers approached, advanced to give them battle.
+The Dutchmen, perfectly at home on skates, out-manoeuvred and beat the
+Spaniards, who left several hundred of their dead on the ice. The duke
+was astonished; but he was a prudent man, and ordered seven thousand
+pairs of skates, upon which his troops were trained to perform military
+movements."
+
+"That was a big thing on ice," said one of the students, as the lecture
+closed.
+
+In the course of the day the party visited the _Oude Kerk_, or Old
+Church, containing "a big organ," the _Niewe Kerk_, which has monuments
+to De Ruiter, Van Speyk, and others.
+
+"You will not have an opportunity to go to church in Holland, Paul,"
+said the doctor.
+
+"No, sir; I suppose we sail for Havre this week."
+
+"Most of the people go to church; but they do not observe the Sabbath
+very rigidly. Gentlemen sit with their hats on during the service, or
+take them off, as they please. Amsterdam is one of the most charitable
+cities in the world, and is noted for its almshouses, asylums,
+hospitals. In one orphan asylum there are seven or eight hundred boys
+and girls, who are kept there till they are twenty years old, and then
+sent out with a good trade. They wear a peculiar dress, to prevent them
+from being admitted to theatres, rum-shops, and other improper places;
+for the keepers of these establishments are severely punished if they
+permit any of the children of the public charitable institutions to
+enter their places. A contribution for the poor is taken up every Sunday
+in the churches by the deacons, who use a thing like a shrimp-net with a
+long handle, having a little bell for the benefit of those who wish to
+look the other way when it is thrust in their faces."
+
+"That's a good idea; but, I suppose, the Dutch have invented some small
+coin for these occasions," laughed Paul.
+
+"A stiver, or five Dutch cents, equal to less than two of our cents, is
+small enough. There are a great many poor people in Amsterdam who live
+entirely in cellars. As you have seen, a great many families live in
+vessels, keeping a pig, hens, and ducks on board, and sometimes even
+have a little garden on deck. When the Dutchman gets married and sets up
+in life, he obtains a small boat of from one to three tons, and goes to
+housekeeping on board. If they prosper, they buy a bigger craft; but his
+home, his wife, and children are on the water."
+
+The dike which surrounds Amsterdam has been planted with trees, and
+converted into boulevards. There were formerly twenty-six bastions upon
+it, constituting the fortifications of the city; but, being no longer
+useful for defence, windmills have been erected upon them, to grind the
+grain for the city. The four streets bordering the principal canals are
+hardly to be surpassed in Europe. The buildings, which are mostly of
+brick, are unique, with fantastic gables and projecting eaves. Many of
+the streets are lined with trees on the banks of the canals. On the
+whole, the students were more interested in Amsterdam than in any other
+city they had visited, partly, perhaps, on account of its oddity. As
+long as there was light to see, they continued their rambles, and then
+retired early, in order to be prepared for a fresh start the next day.
+
+At five o'clock in the morning the party took a steamer for Zaandam, or
+Sardam. Leaving the shore, they had a fine view of the city. The harbor
+is enclosed by two rows of piles, with occasional openings to admit the
+passage of vessels, which are closed at night with booms armed with iron
+spikes. In various parts of the Ij were seen little pavilions, built
+upon piers, which are the summer houses of wealthy citizens, who own
+pleasure-boats, and repair in them to these cosy little temples, to
+drink wine and coffee and smoke their pipes.
+
+At Sardam the curious students visited the cottage of Peter the Great,
+in which he lived while he worked as a shipwright. The shanty is of
+rough plank, and cants over on one side; but it was surrounded by
+another building by the Queen of Holland, to protect it from further
+decay. It contains but two rooms, one above the other, the former
+reached only by a ladder. Alexander of Russia placed over the
+chimney-piece a marble slab bearing the inscription, "Nothing is too
+small for a great man." The walls of both rooms are covered with the
+autographs of visitors, including that of the Emperor of Russia.
+
+From this point the tourists were conveyed by the steamer to Waterland,
+from which they were to proceed by _trekschuit_ to Broek. This peculiar
+craft is a kind of drag-boat, much used for passengers and light freight
+on the canals of Holland. It is a long, narrow barge, nearly the whole
+of which is taken up by a low cabin. Above it is the hurricane deck,
+provided with a railing and benches to sit upon. At each end is a flight
+of stairs, by which the main deck is reached and the cabins entered. The
+_ruim_, or forward cabin, occupying the greater part of the space, is
+appropriated to the common people, while the _roef_, or after-cabin, is
+for the better class; but as genteel people seldom patronize the
+_trekschuit_, this apartment is very small. It was drawn by horses,
+attached to a long rope made fast to the pole or mast, near the bow.
+Like everything Dutch, the boat was fitted up very neatly, and the
+students were much interested in exploring it.
+
+"Here we are, all on the raging canal!" said Terrill to his captain, as
+the team started. "If it comes on to blow, we can take a reef in the
+forward horse."
+
+"Or in the _het jagertje_," laughed Paul, who had been talking with Mr.
+Fluxion.
+
+"We'll take a reef in that now. Don't your teeth ache, captain?"
+
+"No; that's the boy that rides one of the horses."
+
+The canal was filled with boats loaded with market produce, drawn by men
+and women harnessed like mules to the tow-ropes. Woman's rights seemed
+to be particularly recognized in this part of Holland, for females are
+harnessed to the boats like horses, enjoying the same rights as the
+"lords of creation." The houses on the way were mostly cottages, whose
+steep roofs were often twice the height of the walls. The stork, which
+the people cherish with a kind of superstitious reverence, was
+occasionally seen, but not so frequently as in the vicinity of The
+Hague, where he has a nest on the roof in a large proportion of the
+houses.
+
+The boys were much interested in the navigation of the _trekschuit_.
+Meeting another boat, the steersman shouted "_Huy!_" indicating that the
+other craft was to go to the right. When the tow-boy of the approaching
+boat reached a certain point, he stopped his team, and the _trekschuit_
+horses passed over it, as the rope slacked. He halted again to loose the
+rope for the barge to pass over. Neither boat was stopped by the
+operation. At the many bridges the rope was cast off, and made fast
+again, without any delay.
+
+An hour and a half brought them to Broek, the paradise of Dutch
+neatness. It is a village of eight hundred people, most of whom have
+"made their pile" and retired from business. Neatness is carried to
+lunacy here, for no one is permitted to enter a house without taking off
+his shoes. The narrow lanes and passages which serve as avenues are
+paved with brick, or with tiles of different colors, arranged in
+fantastic figures, and some are covered with sand and sea-shells, made
+up into patterns. Strangers are warned not to ride through the place;
+they must walk, leading the horse. The houses are mostly of wood,
+gaudily painted; the roofs are covered with glazed tile of various hues.
+
+The cow-stables of the dairy farms are better than the houses of most of
+the poorer classes of Europe, having tiled floors, with everything
+"polished off" and sandpapered as nicely as though they were intended
+for drawing-rooms. Over each stall is a hook, by which the cow's tail is
+fastened up, so as to keep her neat and clean.
+
+The students continued on their way from Breck to Alkmar,--which
+sustained a siege, and successfully resisted the Spaniards,--and thence
+to The Helder, a town of twelve thousand inhabitants, opposite the
+Texel. The great ship canal to Amsterdam commences at this point, which
+is the only place on the coast of Holland where the deep water extends
+up to the shore, the tide rushing through from the Zuyder Zee keeping
+the passage open. The party had an opportunity to examine the mighty
+sluices and gates, and to observe the stupendous dikes, before described
+by Mr. Mapps. They visited the fortress erected by Napoleon with the
+intention of making The Helder the Gibraltar of the North.
+
+On Thursday morning the tourists took the steamer, through the Great
+Canal, to Amsterdam. Being obliged to wait an hour for the train to
+Utrecht, Paul visited one of the "diamond mills" of the city with Mr.
+Fluxion. About five hundred men were employed in the establishment, and,
+as the business is exclusively in the hands of the Jews, the mills are
+closed on Saturday, and work on Sunday. The art of cutting and polishing
+diamonds was for a long period exclusively in the hands of the Jews of
+Antwerp and Amsterdam. There are quite a number of these manufactories
+in the city at the present time. The machinery is operated by steam,
+turning wheels for polishing the precious stones, and propelling the
+wire saws for cutting them.
+
+Diamond dust is the only substance with which an impression can be
+produced upon the hard stones, and they are polished by metal plates
+covered with this dust, and revolving with inconceivable rapidity. The
+saw is a very fine wire, to which the dust is affixed. This process
+appears to be the origin of the adage "diamond cut diamond." Before the
+fifteenth century, diamonds were worn in their natural state, and the
+art of cutting and polishing them was discovered by a native of Bruges.
+
+The journey of the students was continued by railway to Utrecht.
+Approaching this city, the country assumed a different aspect,
+presenting occasional undulations, while in the town itself there is
+quite a slope down to the River Rhine, on which it is located. The
+treaty of Utrecht, which settled the peace of Europe after the war of
+the Spanish succession, was signed at the house of the British minister;
+but it has since been pulled down. The principal object of interest in
+the city is the tower of the Cathedral of St. Martin, which is three
+hundred and twenty-one feet high, and commands a view of nearly the
+whole of Holland and a portion of Belgium. The sexton has his residence
+more than a hundred and fifty feet above _terra firma_, where his family
+are domiciled, and where his children were born. Doubtless they will be
+regarded as persons of high birth.
+
+At five o'clock in the afternoon, the weary travellers reached the
+vessels of the squadron. Holland "was done," and the excitement was
+ended. Many of them were tired out and cross, and it was a relief to
+know that the squadron would go to sea the next morning. During the
+rapid run through Holland, Wilton and Perth had found abundant
+opportunities to discuss their mischievous scheme of running away with
+the Josephine. They had so contrived it that eight of the Knights of the
+Golden Fleece had occupied a compartment by themselves in the railway
+carriages. As the squadron would arrive at Havre on Friday or Saturday,
+no time was to be lost in arranging the details of the precious scheme,
+which had been fully explained and assented to by the confederates.
+
+The first point to be gained was to "cut up," so that the whole
+twenty-six Knights should be condemned to imprisonment on board the
+ship, while the rest of the students, with the instructors, went to
+Paris. Mr. Hamblin was still the centre of all their hopes in this
+direction; for hazing him would enable them to kill two birds with one
+stone. It was a great satisfaction to annoy him, independently of the
+result to be gained. Wilton proposed to "keelhaul" him. This was a
+barbarous punishment, formerly in use in the English and Dutch navies,
+and consisted in dragging the culprit under the keel of the vessel by
+ropes attached to the opposite yard-arms. Perth declared that this was
+utterly impracticable, and a third suggested that it was only necessary
+to "talk" the matter in order to bring down the punishment upon their
+anxious heads. Monroe, who always adopted moderate counsels, thought it
+would be just as well to frighten the old gentleman out of his wits.
+Indeed, all, except Wilton, protested against inflicting any serious
+injury upon him. A ducking, or something of that kind, would do him no
+harm; but they did not wish to hurt, only to annoy, him.
+
+After supper the students felt a little brighter. Mr. Hamblin was pacing
+the deck, as he always did towards evening, and Perth drummed together
+his forces to play the first act in the drama. The names of the
+twenty-six Knights had been written down on a sheet of paper, and a
+dozen of them took position in the waist, with their backs to the
+professor. Scarcely had the actors taken their places before the
+Josephine's gig came alongside with Captain Kendall, who visited the
+ship to receive his instructions from the principal for the next day.
+
+Paul stepped upon deck; but, perceiving that Mr. Lowington was engaged
+in an earnest conversation with Dr. Winstock, he did not interrupt him,
+but paused in the waist. Of course the conspirators suspended
+operations, and Paul spent the time he was waiting in conversation with
+them about the wonders of Holland. As he stood there, Mr. Hamblin cast
+frequent glances at him, and brooded heavily over the indignities which
+had been heaped upon his learned head by the young commander, as he
+believed. Probably the current of his thoughts would have assumed a
+different direction if he had been aware that the principal and the
+surgeon were discussing the best means of "letting him down easily."
+
+Mr. Lowington at last discovered that Paul was waiting for him, and the
+difficult subject was deferred. The captain of the Josephine went below
+with the principal, and the conspirators began to discuss in a very
+unguarded manner the process of keelhauling the obnoxious professor. As
+the learned gentleman passed the group, he could not help hearing his
+name mentioned. The boys soon became very earnest in their manner. They
+had seated themselves under the lee of the hatch, and did not appear to
+notice the fact that Mr. Hamblin was passing on the other side of it at
+intervals.
+
+"We'll keelhaul him," said Wilson; and the _savant_ distinctly heard the
+remark, though he did not know what it meant; only that it was some
+trick to be played off upon him.
+
+"If he didn't hear that, he's deaf as a post," added Perth, as the
+professor passed on.
+
+"He'll leave the ship as soon as we have keelhauled him," was the next
+remark which Mr. Hamblin heard.
+
+Of course this meant himself; and he paused when he had satisfied
+himself that he was not observed. As this was just what the conspirators
+wanted, they revealed their wicked scheme fully, though with some
+appearance of concealment.
+
+"Here are the names of all the fellows who are to take part in the
+operation," said Perth, flourishing the paper. "The fellows with a cross
+against their names are to throw the old fellow down; those with a dash
+are to man the reef-pendants; those with a wave line are to make fast to
+him--"
+
+That was all. Mr. Hamblin made a plunge into the midst of the young
+rascals, and snatched the paper from the hands of the leader. The
+conspirators sprung to their feet, and nothing could exceed the
+consternation depicted upon their faces. They stood aghast, horrified,
+confounded.
+
+"It was only a joke, sir," stammered Perth, as the professor, with
+trembling hands and quivering lips, gazed at the paper, reading the
+names, and noting the signs against them.
+
+"You villains, you!" gasped he. "Keelhaul me--will you?"
+
+"It was only in fun, sir. We didn't mean to do it, sir," added Wilton.
+
+Mr. Hamblin did not wait to hear any more. He rushed aft, rushed down
+the companion-way, rushed into the main cabin, where the principal was
+just dismissing Paul.
+
+"They are going to keelhaul me, next, Mr. Lowington!" exclaimed the
+learned gentleman, savagely.
+
+"Pray, what is the trouble, Mr. Hamblin?" asked the principal, mildly.
+
+The professor explained, exhibiting the list of names in evidence of his
+assertion. Mr. Lowington was sceptical. It was not possible that the
+boys could entertain such a monstrous proposition as that of keelhauling
+a learned professor.
+
+"But I heard the plan myself, sir," persisted Mr. Hamblin. "I don't know
+what keelhauling is, but that is the expression the scoundrels used."
+
+Mr. Lowington explained what it meant; and the _savant_, without
+considering the practicability or the possibility of subjecting him to
+such an operation, was filled with rage and horror. The principal went
+on deck, and from the paper taken from Perth called the roll of the
+conspirators, summoning them to the mainmast.
+
+"If you have no further instructions for me, sir, I will return to the
+Josephine," said Paul, touching his cap to the principal.
+
+"Mr. Lowington, Kendall is concerned in this affair," interposed the
+professor, violently.
+
+"I, sir!" exclaimed Paul, confounded by the charge.
+
+"He is, sir; and I can prove it," protested Mr. Hamblin, whose wrath had
+almost reached the boiling point.
+
+"You can return to the Josephine, Captain Kendall," added Mr. Lowington,
+in his quiet, decisive tone.
+
+"Mr. Lowington, I protest--"
+
+"Mr. Hamblin," interposed the principal, sharply, "I will thank you to
+accompany me to the cabin;" and, turning, he walked to the
+companion-way, followed by the professor.
+
+"I wish to say, Mr. Lowington, that I am not mistaken in regard to
+Kendall," said the angry instructor, as they entered the main cabin.
+
+"Without a doubt,you are mistaken, sir."
+
+"No, sir; I am not. When he came on deck, he went immediately to that
+group of bad boys who were plotting to keelhaul me, and had a long
+conversation with them. I watched him, sir. My eye was hardly off him a
+moment. I was looking for something of this kind."
+
+"And you found it."
+
+"Yes, sir; I did."
+
+"When people are looking for faults and errors in others, they usually
+find them," added the principal, significantly. "But I did not invite
+you to the cabin to consider that matter."
+
+"It seems to me this matter is properly the subject for discussion at
+the present time," replied the professor, who thought the principal's
+ways were past finding out.
+
+"No; there is a subject of more importance than that, which must be
+attended to first. I find it necessary to say that I am ready to accept
+your resignation of the situation you fill."
+
+"My resignation, sir!" exclaimed Mr. Hamblin, taken all aback by this
+unexpected announcement.
+
+"Your resignation, sir."
+
+"This is very remarkable conduct on your part, sir."
+
+"On board of the Josephine, in the presence of the officers and crew,
+you protested against the action of Captain Kendall. When I have called
+a large number of the students to the mainmast for discipline, you
+protest against my action. I have to say, sir, that discipline, under
+these circumstances, is impossible."
+
+"Am I to understand that you discharge me, Mr. Lowington?" demanded the
+professor.
+
+"I intimated that I was ready to accept your resignation."
+
+"Well, sir, I am not ready to offer my resignation."
+
+"Then you compel me to take the next step. I object to your remaining on
+board another day."
+
+"I was engaged for a year."
+
+"With the proviso that we were mutually satisfied. A fortnight ago you
+tendered your resignation, without regard to the engagement. If I had
+understood your relations with the students as well then as I do now, I
+should have accepted it."
+
+Mr. Hamblin began to "subside." He had pretty thoroughly convinced
+himself that the institution could not be carried on without him; and,
+since the principal had once objected to accepting his resignation, he
+had felt that his position was secure. While he was considering the
+matter, Mr. Lowington went on deck, and investigated the plot to
+keelhaul the professor. The conspirators had talked over the matter
+during his absence, and had come to the conclusion that the truth would
+serve them best. They were shrewd enough to see that there was a rupture
+between the principal and the _savant_.
+
+Perth, as spokesman for the party, confessed that they knew Mr. Hamblin
+was listening to them; that they intended he should hear the plot, which
+they had not designed to execute; that it was only a trick to annoy him.
+
+"Was Captain Kendall concerned in it?" asked Mr. Lowington.
+
+"No, sir," shouted the whole party.
+
+"What were you talking about while he was with you?"
+
+"About Holland, and what we had seen on our trip. You were speaking
+with Dr. Winstock, and he was waiting to see you," replied Perth.
+
+The principal lectured them severely, and in earnest, for their
+misconduct; but he did not give them the coveted punishment of dooming
+them to remain on board while the rest of the students visited Paris. He
+gave them bad marks enough to spoil all their chances, if they had any,
+of promotion, and the choice of desirable berths when the crew should be
+reorganized at the beginning of the next quarter, which would be in one
+month. He added that he should preserve the list of names, and that the
+conduct of the party in the future would be closely observed.
+
+"We were stupid," whispered Perth to Wilton, as the principal retired.
+"We have given him a list of all the Knights."
+
+"And he hasn't stopped our liberty," replied Wilton, in disgust.
+
+"No matter; we must keep still, and fight for chances."
+
+When Mr. Lowington returned to the cabin, the professor was as cool as
+an iceberg; but the decision had been made, and it could not be
+reversed. The principal reviewed Mr. Hamblin's connection with the
+squadron from the beginning, and commented on his conduct in the consort
+and in the ship. It was plain speech on both sides; but the result
+remained unchanged.
+
+Professor Hamblin is not a myth. He had no sympathy with the students,
+and, being arbitrary, tyrannical, and unjust, they "hated him with a
+perfect hatred." It was certainly best that he should go; for in
+whatever vessel he was, he kept it in a turmoil. Mr. Lowington paid him
+his salary for a year, and enough in addition to defray the expenses of
+his return to the United States.
+
+The next morning the signal for sailing was hoisted on board of the
+Young America, and the pilots came on board. The students were bright
+and fresh, and having seen the dikes and ditches of Holland, they were
+rather anxious to escape from its muddy waters and its monotonous
+plains. In fact, they sighed for another taste of blue water and the
+fresh sea air.
+
+"All the barge's crew on deck, ahoy!" piped the boatswain, at the order
+of the first lieutenant.
+
+The boat's crew repaired to their stations on the quarter, wondering
+what was to be done next.
+
+The ship's company, who were waiting for the order to weigh anchor, were
+vexed at the delay which the trip of the boat to the shore indicated,
+and waited impatiently to learn what was going to happen. One of the
+stewards brought up Mr. Hamblin's trunk, and presently the professor
+himself appeared with his overcoat on his arm, and his cane and umbrella
+in his hand. There was a decided sensation among the crew. The barge was
+lowered and placed in charge of the third lieutenant. Mr. Hamblin bowed
+stiffly and coldly to the other professors, and followed his baggage
+into the boat, taking no notice whatever of any of the students.
+
+The sensation grew upon the boys as the boat pushed off and appeared
+beyond the ship's side. It was a delightful picture to them--the
+obnoxious professor seated in the stern sheets, with his trunk before
+him. It was emblematic of the final separation. The enthusiasm of the
+moment could not be repressed; and before the principal could interfere,
+it had vented itself in three tremendous and hearty cheers. Mr.
+Lowington was vexed, but the deed was done.
+
+The barge passed within a short distance of the Josephine, and her crew,
+seeing the trunk and the professor, understood the cheers, and repeated
+them with all the vigor of their lungs. It was impudent, disrespectful,
+and naughty; but the same students, in both vessels, would have wept
+over the departure of any other of the professors.
+
+The boat returned, the sails were cast loose, the anchor weighed, and in
+due time both vessels were standing down the river. At noon the pilots
+were discharged, off the Hock of Holland.
+
+"South-west by west," said the first master of the ship, giving out the
+course to the quartermaster, who was conning the wheel.
+
+There was only a lazy breeze in the German Ocean, and the squadron
+rolled slowly along towards the Straits of Dover. The watch below were
+at their studies in the steerages, while the students on deck were
+thinking of Paris, and the new scenes which were to be presented to them
+in the countries they were next to visit. Their experience during the
+following month, on ship and shore, including the runaway cruise of the
+Josephine, will be narrated in PALACE AND COTTAGE, OR YOUNG AMERICA IN
+FRANCE AND SWITZERLAND.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NEW AND ATTRACTIVE PUBLICATIONS
+
+OF
+
+LEE & SHEPARD,
+
+_PUBLISHERS AND BOOKSELLERS_,
+
+BOSTON.
+
+LEE, SHEPARD & DILLINGHAM, New York.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"A Grand Success."
+
+THE AMERICAN GIRL ABROAD. By MISS ADELINE TRAFTON. Illustrated. $1.75.
+
+"A bright, merry-hearted girl, 'off on a good time,' and she and her
+readers are decidedly of the opinion that the journey was a great
+success."--_Liberal Christian._
+
+"A delightful Book, original and enjoyable."
+
+
+THE DOCTOR'S DAUGHTER. By SOPHIE MAY. Illustrated. $1.50.
+
+"So lovable and so genuine that she takes one's heart by storm."--_New
+York Republican._
+
+
+"A Book every Girl will be delighted with."
+
+SALLY WILLIAMS, THE MOUNTAIN GIRL. By _Mrs. Edna D. Cheney_.
+Illustrated. $1.50.
+
+"Mrs. Cheney's stories have all the charm of romance, and better than
+that, a power to do good by their wholesome unobtrusive teachings."
+
+
+"Another of the Girlhood Series."
+
+ONLY GIRLS. By MISS VIRGINIA F. TOWNSEND, Author of "Deering Farm,"
+"Daryll's Gap," &c. Illustrated. $1.50.
+
+Miss Townsend is a charming writer, and this one of her very best
+productions.
+
+NEW PUBLICATIONS OF LEE & SHEPARD.
+
+
+"One hundred and twenty Selections."
+
+MISCELLANEOUS READINGS IN PROSE AND VERSE. By PROF. L. B. MONROE. $1.50.
+
+"Some of the best things of current literature may be found gathered
+here."--_Boston Advertiser._
+
+
+"For Social Amusements."
+
+SOCIAL CHARADES AND PARLOR OPERAS. By M. T. CALDER, Author of "College
+Ned," &c. 16mo. Cloth, 75c; fancy bound, 60c.
+
+"These charades and operas, prepared for private representation, have
+been received with great favor by those requiring exhibition pieces."
+
+
+Underwood's American Authors.
+
+HAND-BOOK OF ENGLISH LITERATURE. Intended for the use of High Schools,
+as well as a Companion and Guide for Private Students, and for General
+Readers. (American Authors.) By F. H. UNDERWOOD, A. M. Crown 8vo. Cloth.
+$2.50.
+
+It is confined to American authors, and includes the most prominent
+writers in the three periods which cover our entire national history.
+
+
+Underwood's British Authors.
+
+HAND-BOOK OF ENGLISH LITERATURE. Intended for the use of High Schools,
+as well us a Companion and Guide for Private Students, and for General
+Readers. (British Authors.) By FRANCIS H. UNDERWOOD, A. M. Crown 8vo.
+Cloth. $2.50.
+
+Mr. Underwood's Biographical Notices, which precede the selections from
+prominent authors, are admirable in construction, gems of literary work,
+attractive and valuable.
+
+
+The Young Voyagers again.
+
+YOUNG AMERICA ABROAD. By OLIVER OPTIC. To be completed in 6 volumes.
+Illustrated. Per vol., $1.50.
+
+   1. UP THE BALTIC.
+   2. NORTHERN LANDS.
+   3. CROSS AND CRESCENT.
+
+A library of romantic travel and adventure.
+
+_NEW PUBLICATIONS OF LEE & SHEPARD._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+By Oliver Optic.
+
+
+THE YACHT CLUB SERIES. By OLIVER OPTIC. To be completed in 6 volumes.
+Illustrated. Per vol., $1.50.
+
+   1. LITTLE BOBTAIL.
+   2. THE YACHT CLUB. (In press.)
+
+Each story complete in itself, and all in Oliver Optic's best vein.
+
+
+By B. P. Shillaber.
+
+PARTINGTONIAN PATCHWORK.
+
+BLIFKINS THE MARTYR; or, THE DOMESTIC TRIALS OF A MODEL HUSBAND.
+
+THE MODERN SYNTAX: DR. SPOONER'S EXPERIENCE IN SEARCH OF THE DELECTABLE.
+
+PARTINGTON PAPERS; STRIPPINGS OF THE WARM MILK OF HUMAN KINDNESS.
+
+NEW AND OLD THINGS FROM AN UNPRETENDING INKSTAND. Humorous, Sentimental,
+Rhythmical. By B. P. Shillaber (_Mrs. Partington_). 12mo. Cloth.
+Illustrated. $1.75.
+
+The genial author of this volume has packed it full of bright and witty
+things.
+
+
+By Elijah Kellogg.
+
+THE WHISPERING PINE SERIES. By ELIJAH KELLOGG. To be completed in 6
+volumes. Illustrated. Per vol., $1.25.
+
+   1. THE SPARK OF GENIUS.
+   2. THE SOPHOMORES OF RADCLIFFE.
+   3. WINNING HIS SPURS.
+   4. THE TURNING OF THE TIDE. (In press.)
+
+Mr. Kellogg presents some admirable characters among his college boys,
+and every volume of this series is brimful of fun and adventure.
+
+
+"Nothing better ever written."
+
+THE PLEASANT COVE SERIES. By ELIJAH KELLOGG. To be completed in 6
+volumes. Per vol., $1.25.
+
+   1. ARTHUR BROWN, THE YOUNG CAPTAIN.
+   2. THE YOUNG DELIVERERS.
+   3. THE CRUISE OF THE CASCO.
+   4. THE CHILD OF THE ISLAND GLEN.
+
+"The Elm Island Stories," by this author, are deservedly popular. "The
+Pleasant Cove Series" deals with many of the same characters.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Dikes and Ditches, by Oliver Optic
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