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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/2469.txt b/2469.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dc130ae --- /dev/null +++ b/2469.txt @@ -0,0 +1,9919 @@ +Project Gutenberg Etext of Repertory of the Comedie Humaine Pt 2 +#94 in our series by or about Honore de Balzac + + +Copyright laws are changing all over the world, be sure to check +the copyright laws for your country before posting these files!! + +Please take a look at the important information in this header. +We encourage you to keep this file on your own disk, keeping an +electronic path open for the next readers. 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FOR PUBLIC DOMAIN ETEXTS*Ver.04.29.93*END* + + + + + +Etext prepared by Dagny, dagnyj@hotmail.com +and Emma Dudding, emma_302@hotmail.com + + +End of Project Gutenberg Etext of Repertory of the Comedie Humaine Pt 1 + + + +Etext prepared by Dagny, dagnyj@hotmail.com +Emma Dudding, emma_302@hotmail.com +and John Bickers, jbickers@ihug.co.nz + + + + + +REPERTORY OF THE COMEDIE HUMAINE +PART II, L -- Z + + + +L + +LA BASTIE (Monsieur, Madame and Mademoiselle de). (See Mignon.) + +LA BASTIE LA BRIERE (Ernest de), member of a good family of Toulouse, +born in 1802; very similar in appearance to Louis XIII.; from 1824 to +1829, private secretary to the minister of finances. On the advice of +Madame d'Espard, and thus being of service to Eleonore de Chaulieu, he +became secretary to Melchior de Canalis and, at the same time, +referendary of the Cour des Comptes. He became a chevalier of the +Legion of Honor. In 1829 he conducted for Canalis a love romance by +correspondence, the heroine of the affair being Marie-Modeste-Mignon +de la Bastie (of Havre). He played this part so successfully that she +fell in love and marriage was agreed upon. This union, which made him +the wealthy Vicomte de la Bastie la Briere, was effected the following +February in 1830. Canalis and the minister of 1824 were witnesses for +Ernest de la Briere, who fully deserved his good fortune. [The +Government Clerks. Modeste Mignon.] + +LA BASTIE LA BRIERE (Madame Ernest de), wife of the preceding, born +Marie-Modeste Mignon about 1809, younger daughter of Charles Mignon de +la Bastie and of Bettina Mignon de la Bastie--born Wallenrod. In 1829, +while living with her family at Havre, with the same love, evoked by a +passion for literature, which Bettina Brentano d'Arnim conceived for +Goethe, she fell in love with Melchior de Canalis; she wrote +frequently to the poet in secret, and he responded through the medium +of Ernest de la Briere; thus there sprang up between the young girl +and the secretary a mutual love which resulted in marriage. The +witnesses for Marie-Modeste Mignon were the Duc d'Herouville and +Doctor Desplein. As one of the most envied women in Parisian circles, +in the time of Louis Philippe, she became the close friend of Mesdames +de l'Estorade and Popinot. [Modeste Mignon. The Member for Arcis. +Cousin Betty.] La Bastie is sometimes written La Batie. + +LA BAUDRAYE[*] (Jean-Athanase-Polydore Milaud de), born in 1780 in +Berry, descended from the simple family of Milaud, recently enobled. +M. de la Baudraye's father was a good financier of pleasing +disposition; his mother was a Casteran la Tour. He was in poor health, +his weak constitution being the heritage left him by an immoral +father. His father, on dying, also left him a large number of notes to +which were affixed the noble signatures of the emigrated aristocracy. +His avarice aroused, Polydore de la Baudraye occupied himself, at the +time of the Restoration, with collecting these notes; he made frequent +trips to Paris; negotiated with Clement Chardin des Lupeaulx at the +Hotel de Mayence; obtained, under a promise, afterwards executed, to +sell them profitably, some positions and titles, and became +successively auditor of the seals, baron, officer of the Legion of +Honor and master of petitions. The individual receivership of +Sancerre, which became his also, was bought by Gravier. M. de la +Baudraye did not leave Sancerre; he married towards 1823 Mademoiselle +Dinah Piedefer, became a person of large property following his +acquisition to the castle and estate of Anzy, settled this property +with the title upon a natural son of his wife; he so worked upon her +feelings as to get from her the power of attorney and signature, +sailed for America, and became rich through a large patrimony left him +by Silas Piedefer--1836-42. At that time he owned in Paris a stately +mansion, on rue de l'Arcade, and upon winning back his wife, who had +left him, he placed her in it as mistress. He now became count, +commander of the Legion of Honor, and peer of France. Frederic de +Nucingen received him as such and served him as sponsor, when, in the +summer of 1842, the death of Ferdinand d'Orleans necessitated the +presence of M. de la Baudraye at Luxembourg. [The Muse of the +Department.] + +[*] The motto on the Baudraye coat-of-arms was: "Deo patet sic fides + et hominibus." + +LA BAUDRAYE (Madame Polydore Milaud de), wife of the preceding, born +Dinah Piedefer in 1807 or 1808 in Berry; daughter of the Calvinist, +Moise Piedefer; niece of Silas Piedefer, from whom she inherited a +fortune. She was brilliantly educated at Bourges, in the Chamarolles +boarding-school, with Anna de Fontaine, born Grosstete--1819. Five +years later, through personal ambition, she gave up Protestantism, +that she might gain the protection of the Cardinal-Archbishop of +Bourges, and a short time after her conversion she was married, about +1823. For thirteen consecutive years, at least, Madame de la Baudraye +reigned in the city of Sancerre and in her country-house, Chateau +d'Anzy, at Saint-Satur near by. Her court was composed of a strange +mixture of people: the Abbe Duret and Messieurs Clagny, Gravier, +Gatien Boirouge. At first, only Clagny and Duret know of the literary +attempts of Jan Diaz, pseudonym of Madame de la Baudraye, who had just +bought the artistic furniture of the Rougets of Issoudun, and who +invited and received two "Parisiens de Sancerre," Horace Bianchon and +Etienne Lousteau, in September 1836. A liaison followed with Etienne +Lousteau, with whom Madame de la Baudraye lived on rue des Martyrs in +Paris from 1837 to 1839. As a result of this union she had two sons, +recognized later by M. de la Baudraye. Madame de la Baudraye now +putting into use the talent, neglected during her love affair, became +a writer. She wrote "A Prince of Bohemia," founded on an anecodote +related to her by Raoul Nathan, and probably published this novel. The +fear of endless scandal, the entreaties of husband and mother, and the +unworthiness of Lousteau, finally led Dinah de la Baudraye to rejoin +her husband, who owned an elegant mansion on rue de l'Arcade. This +return, which took place in May, 1842, surprised Madame d'Espard, a +woman who was not easily astonished. Paris of the reign of Louis +Philippe often quoted Dinah de la Baudraye and paid considerable +attention to her. During this same year, 1842, she assisted in the +first presentation of Leon Gozlan's drama, "The Right Hand and the +Left Hand," given at the Odeon. [The Muse of the Department. A Prince +of Bohemia. Cousin Betty.] + +LA BERGE (De), confessor of Madame de Mortsauf at Clochegourde, strict +and virtuous. He died in 1817, mourned on account of his "apostolic +strength," by his patron, who appointed as his successor the over- +indulgent Francois Birotteau. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +LA BERTELLIERE, father of Madame la Gaudiniere, grandfather of Madame +Felix Grandet, was lieutenant in the French Guards; he died in 1806, +leaving a large fortune. He considered investments a "waste of money." +Nearly twenty years later his portrait was still hanging in the hall +of Felix Grandet's house at Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] + +LA BILLARDIERE (Anthanase-Jean-Francoise-Michel, Baron Flamet de), son +of a counselor in the Parliament of Bretagne, took part in the Vendean +wars as a captain under the name of Nantais, and as negotiator played +a singular part at Quiberon. The Restoration rewarded the services of +this unintelligent member of the petty nobility, whose Catholicism was +more lukewarm than his love of monarchy. He became mayor of the second +district of Paris, and division-chief in the Bureau of Finances, +thanks to his kinship with a deputy on the Right. He was one of the +guests at the famous ball given by his deputy, Cesar Birotteau, whom +he had known for twenty years. On his death-bed, at the close of +December, 1824, he had designated, although without avail, as his +successor, Xavier Rabourdin, one of the division-chiefs and real +director of the bureau of which La Billiardiere was the nominal head. +The newspapers published obituaries of the deceased. The short notice +prepared jointly by Chardin des Lupeaulx, J.-J. Bixiou and F. du +Bruel, enumerated the many titles and decorations of Flamet de la +Billardiere, gentleman of the king's bedchamber, etc., etc. [The +Chouans. Cesar Birotteau. The Government Clerks.] + +LA BILLARDIERE (Benjamin, Chevalier de), son of the preceding, born in +1802. He was a companion of the young Vicomte de Portenduere in 1824, +being at the time a rich supernumerary in the office of Isidore +Baudoyer under the division of his father, Flamet de la Billardiere. +His insolence and foppishness gave little cause for regret when he +left the Bureau of Finances for the Department of Seals in the latter +part of the same year, 1824, that marked the expected and unlamented +death of Baron Flamet de la Billardiere. [The Government Clerks.] + +LA BLOTTIERE (Mademoiselle Merlin de), under the Restoration, a kind +of dowager and canoness at Tours; in company with Mesdames Pauline +Salomon de Villenoix and de Listomere, upheld, received and welcomed +Francois Birotteau. [The Vicar of Tours.] + +LABRANCHOIR (Comte de), owner of an estate in Dauphine under the +Restoration, and, as such, a victim of the depredations of the +poacher, Butifer. [The Country Doctor.] + +LA BRIERE (Ernest de). (See La Bastie la Briere.) + +LACEPEDE (Comte de), a celebrated naturalist, born at Agen in 1756, +died at Paris in 1825. Grand chancelor of the Legion of Honor for +several years towards the beginning of the nineteenth century. This +well-known philosopher was invited to Cesar Birotteau's celebrated +ball, December 17, 1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +LA CHANTERIE (Le Chantre de), of a Norman family dating from the +crusade of Philippe Auguste, but which had fallen into obscurity by +the end of the eighteenth century; he owned a small fief between Caen +and Saint-Lo. M. le Chantre de la Chanterie had amassed in the +neighborhood of three hundred thousand crowns by supplying the royal +armies during the Hanoverian war. He died during the Revolution, but +before the Terror. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +LA CHANTERIE (Baron Henri Le Chantre de), born in 1763, son of the +preceding, shrewd, handsome and seductive. When master of petitions in +the Grand Council of 1788, he married Mademoiselle Barbe-Philiberte de +Champignelles. Ruined during the Restoration through having lost his +position and thrown away his inheritance, Henri Le Chantre de la +Chanterie became one of the most cruel presidents of the revolutionary +courts and was the terror of Normandie. Imprisoned after the ninth +Thermidor, he owed his escape to his wife, by means of an exchange of +clothing. He did not see her more than three times during eight years, +the last meeting being in 1802, when, having become a bigamist, he +returned to her home to die of a disgraceful disease, leaving, at the +same time, a second wife, likewise ruined. This last fact was not made +public until 1804. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +LA CHANTERIE (Baronne Henri Le Chantre de), wife of the preceding, +born Barbe-Philiberte de Champignelles in 1772, a descendant of one of +the first families of Lower Normandie. Married in 1788, she received +in her home, fourteen years later, the dying man whose name she bore, +a bigamist fleeing from justice. By him she had a daughter, Henriette, +who was executed in 1809 for having been connected with the Chauffeurs +in Orne. Unjustly accused herself, and imprisoned in the frightful +Bicetre of Rouen, the baroness began to instruct in morals the sinful +women among whom she found herself thrown. The fall of the Empire was +her deliverance. Twenty years later, being part owner of a house in +Paris, Madame de la Chanterie undertook the training of Godefroid. She +was then supporting a generous private philanthropic movement, with +the help of Manon Godard and Messieurs de Veze, de Montauran, Mongenod +and Alain. Madame de la Chanterie aided the Bourlacs and the Mergis, +an impoverished family of magistrates who had persecuted her in 1809. +Her Christian works were enlarged upon. In 1843 the baroness became +head of a charitable organization which was striving to consecrate, +according to law and religion, the relations of those living in free +union. To this end she selected one member of the society, Adeline +Hulot d'Ervy, and sent her to Passage du Soleil, then a section of +Petite-Pologne, to try to bring about the marriage of Vyder--Hector +Hulot d'Ervy--and Atala Judici. [The Seamy Side of History. Cousin +Betty.] The Revolution having done away with titles, Madame de la +Chanterie called herself momentarily Madame, or Citizeness, Lechantre. + +LACROIX, restaurant-keeper on Place du Marche, Issoudun, 1822, in +whose house the Bonapartist officers celebrated the crowning of the +Emperor. On December 2, of the same year, the duel between Philippe +Bridau and Maxence took place after the entertainment. [A Bachelor's +Establishment.] + +LAFERTE (Nicolas). (See Cochegrue, Jean.) + +LA GARDE (Madame de). (See Aquilina.) + +LA GAUDINIERE (Madame), born La Bertelliere, mother of Madame Felix +Grandet; very avaricious; died in 1806; leaving the Felix Grandets an +inheritance, "the amount of which no one knew." [Eugenie Grandet.] + +LAGINSKI (Comte Adam Mitgislas), a wealthy man who had been +proscribed, belonged to one of the oldest and most illustrious +families of Poland, and counted among his relations the Sapiehas, the +Radziwills, the Mniszechs, the Rezwuskis, the Czartoriskis, the +Lecszinskis, and the Lubomirskis. He had relations in the German +nobility and his mother was a Radziwill. Young, plain, yet with a +certain distinguished bearing, with an income of eighty thousand +francs, Laginski was a leading light in Paris, during the reign of +Louis Philippe. After the Revolution of July, while still +unsophisticated, he attended an entertainment at the home of Felicite +des Touches in Chaussee-d'Antin on rue du Mont-Blanc, and had the +opportunity of listening to the delightful chats between Henri de +Marsay and Emile Blondet. Comte Adam Laginski, during the autumn of +1835, married the object of his affections, Mademoiselle Clementine du +Rouvre, niece of the Ronquerolles. The friendship of his steward, Paz, +saved him from the ruin into which his creole-like carelessness, his +frivolity and his recklessness were dragging him. He lived in perfect +contentment with his wife, ignorant of the domestic troubles which +were kept from his notice. Thanks to the devotion of Paz and of Madame +Laginska, he was cured of a malady which had been pronounced fatal by +Doctor Horace Bianchon. Comte Adam Laginski lived on rue de la +Pepiniere, now absorbed in part by rue de la Boetie. He occupied one +of the most palatial and artistic houses of the period, so called, of +Louis Philippe. He attended the celebration given in 1838 at the first +opening of Josepha Mirah's residence on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. In +this same year he attended the wedding of Wenceslas Steinbock. +[Another Study of Woman. The Imaginary Mistress. Cousin Betty.] + +LAGINSKA (Comtesse Adam), born Clementine du Rouvre in 1816, wife of +the preceding, niece, on her mother's side, of the Marquis de +Ronquerolles and of Madame de Serizy. She was one of the charming +group of young women, which included Mesdames de l'Estorade, de +Portenduere, Marie de Vandenesse, du Guenic and de Maufrigneuse. +Captain Paz was secretly in love with the countess, who, becoming +aware of her steward's affection, ended by having very nearly the same +kind of feeling for him. The unselfish virtue of Paz was all that +saved her; not only at this juncture, but in another more dangerous +one, when he rescued her from M. de la Palferine, who was escorting +her to the Opera ball and who was on the point of taking her to a +private room in a restaurant--January, 1842. [The Imaginary Mistress.] + +LAGOUNIA (Perez de), woolen-draper at Tarragone in Catalonia, in the +time of Napoleon, under obligations to La Marana. He reared as his own +daughter, in a very pious manner, Juana, a child of the celebrated +Italian courtesan, until her mother visited her, during the time of +the French occupation in 1808. [The Maranas.] + +LAGOUNIA (Donna de), wife of the preceding, divided with him the care +of Juana Marana until the girl's mother came to Tarragone at the time +it was sacked by the French. [The Maranas.] + +LA GRAVE (Mesdemoiselles), kept a boarding-house in 1824 on rue Notre- +Dame-des Champs in Paris. In this house M. and Madame Phellion gave +lessons. [The Government Clerks.] + +LAGUERRE (Mademoiselle), given name, probably, Sophie, born in 1740, +died in 1815, one of the most celebrated courtesans of the eighteenth +century; opera singer, and fervent follower of Piccini. In 1790, +frightened by the march of public affairs, she established herself at +the Aigues, in Bourgogne, property procured for her by Bouret, from +its former owner. Before Buoret, the grandfather of La Palferine, +entertained her, and she brought about his ruin. The recklessness of +this woman, surrounded as she was by such notorious knaves as +Gaubertin, Fourchon, Tonsard, and Madame Soudry, prepared no little +trouble for Montcornet, the succeeding proprietor. Sophie Laguerre's +fortune was divided among eleven families of poor farmers, all living +in the neighborhood of Amiens, who were ignorant of their relationship +with her. [The Peasantry. A Prince of Bohemia.] M. H. Gourdon de +Genouillac wrote a biography of the singer, containing many details +which are at variance with the facts here cited. Among other things we +are told that the given name of Mademoiselle Laguerre was Josephine +and not Sophie. + +LA HAYE (Mademoiselle de). (See Petit-Claud, Madame.) + +LAMARD, probably a rival of Felix Gaudissart. In a cafe in Blois, May, +1831, he praised the well-known commercial traveler, who treated him, +nevertheless, as a "little cricket." [Gaudissart the Great.] + +LAMBERT (Louis), born in 1797 at Montoire in Loire-et-Cher. Only son +of simple tanners, who did not try to counteract his inclination, +shown when a mere child, for study. He was sent in 1807 to Lefebvre, a +maternal uncle, who was vicar of Mer, a small city on the Loire near +Blois. Under the kindly care of Madame de Stael, he was a student in +the college of Vendome from 1811 to 1814. Lambert met there Barchon de +Penhoen and Jules Dufaure. He was apparently a poor scholar, but +finally developed into a prodigy; he suffered the persecutions of +Father Haugoult, by whose brutal hands his "Treatise on the Will," +composed during class hours, was seized and destroyed. The +mathematician had already doubled his capacity by becoming a +philosopher. His comrades had named him Pythagoras. His course +completed, and his father being dead, Louis Lambert lived for two +years at Blois, with Lefebvre, until, growing desirous of seeing +Madame de Stael, he journeyed to Paris on foot, arriving July 14, +1817. Not finding his illustrious benefactress alive, he returned home +in 1820. During these three years Lambert lived the life of a workman, +became a close friend of Meyraux, and was cherished and admired as a +member of the Cenacle on rue des Quatre-Vents, which was presided over +by Arthez. Once more he went to Blois, journeyed over Touraine, and +became acquainted with Pauline Salomon de Villenoix, whom he loved +with a passion that was reciprocated. He had suffered from brain +trouble previous to their engagement, and as the wedding day +approached the disease grew constantly worse, although occasionally +there were periods of relief. During one of these good periods, in +1822, Lambert met the Cambremers at Croisic, and on the suggestion of +Pauline de Villenoix, he made a study of their history. The malady +returned, but was interrupted occasionally by outburts of beautiful +thought, the fragments of which were collected by Mademoiselle +Salomon. Louis had likewise occasional fits of insanity. He believed +himself powerless and wished, one day, to perform on his own body +Origene's celebrated operation. Lambert died September 25, 1824, the +day before the date selected for his marriage with Pauline. [Louis +Lambert. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Seaside Tragedy.] + +LAMBERT (Madame), lived in Paris in 1840. She was then at a very pious +age, "played the saint," and performed the duties of housekeeper for +M. Picot, professor of mathematics, No. 9, rue du Val-de-Grace. In the +service of this old philosopher she reaped enormous profits. Madame +Lambert hypocritically took advantage of her apparent devotion to him. +She sought Theodose de la Peyrade, and begged him to write a memorial +to the Academy in her favor, for she longed to receive the reward +offered by Montyon. At the same time she put into La Peyrade's keeping +twenty-five thousand francs, which she had accumulated by her +household thefts. On this occasion, Madame Lambert seems to have been +the secret instrument of Corentin, the famous police-agent. [The +Middle Classes.] + +LANGEAIS (Duc de), a refugee during the Restoration, who planned, at +the time of the Terror, by correspondence with the Abbe de Marolles +and the Marquis de Beauseant to help escape from Paris, where they +were in hiding, two nuns, one of whom, Sister Agathe, was a Langeais. +[An Episode Under the Terror.] In 1812 Langeais married Mademoiselle +Antoinette de Navarreins, who was then eighteen years old. He allowed +his wife every liberty, and, neither abandoning any of his habits, nor +giving up any of his pleasures, he lived, indeed, apart from her. In +1818 Langeais commanded a division in the army and occupied a position +at court. He died in 1823. [The Thirteen.] + +LANGEAIS (Duchesse Antoinette de),[*] wife of the preceding, daughter +of the Duc de Navarreins; born in 1794; reared by the Princesse de +Blamont-Chauvry, her aunt; grand-niece of the Vidame de Pamiers; niece +of the Duc de Grandlieu by her marriage. Very beautiful and +intelligent, Madame de Langeais reigned in Paris at the beginning of +the Restoration. In 1819 her best friend was the Vicomtesse Claire de +Beauseant, whom she wounded cruelly, for her own amusement, calling on +her one morning for the express purpose of announcing the marriage of +the Marquis d'Ajuda-Pinto. Of this pitiless proceeding she repented +later, and asked pardon, moreover, of the foresaken woman. Soon +afterwards the Duchesse de Langeais had the pleasure of captivating +the Marquis de Montriveau, playing for him the role of Celimene and +making him suffer greatly. He had his revenge, however, for, scorned +in her turn, or believing herself scorned, she suddenly disappeared +from Paris, after having scandalized the whole Saint-Germain community +by remaining in her carriage for a long time in front of the +Montriveau mansion. Some bare-footed Spanish Carmelites received her +on their island in the Mediterranean, where she became Sister Therese. +After prolonged searching Montriveau found her, and, in the presence +of the mother-superior, had a conversation with her as she stood +behind the grating. Finally he managed to carry her off--dead. In this +bold venture the marquis was aided by eleven of The Thirteen, among +them being Ronquerolles and Marsay. The duchess, having lost her +husband, was free at the time of her death in 1824. [Father Goriot. +The Thirteen.] + +[*] At the Vaudeville and Gaite theatres in Paris, Ancelot and Alexis + Decomberousse at the former, and Messieurs Ferdinand Dugue and + Peaucellier at the latter, brought out plays founded on the life + of Antoinette de Langeais, in 1834 and 1868 respectively. + +LANGEAIS (Mademoiselle de). (See Agathe, Sister.) + +LANGLUME, miller, a jolly impulsive little man, in 1823 deputy-mayor +of Blangy in Bourgogne, at the time of the political, territorial and +financial contests of which the country was the theatre, with Rigou +and Montcornet as actors. He was of great service to Genevieve +Niseron's paternal grandfather. [The Peasantry.] + +LANGUET, vicar, built Saint-Sulpice, and was an acquaintance of +Toupillier, who asked alms in 1840 at the doors of this church in +Paris, which since 1860 has been one of the sixth ward parish +churches. [The Middle Classes.] + +LANSAC (Duchesse de), of the younger branch of the Parisian house of +Navarreins, 1809, the proud woman who shone under Louis XV. The +Duchesse de Lansac, in November of the same year, consented, one +evening, to meet Isemberg, Montcornet, and Martial de la Roche-Hugon +in Malin de Gondreville's house, for the purpose of conciliating her +nephew and niece in their domestic quarrel. [Domestic Peace.] + +LANTIMECHE, born in 1770. In 1840, at Paris, a penniless journeyman +locksmith and inventor, he went to the money-lender, Cerizet, on rue +des Poules, to borrow a hundred francs. [The Middle Classes.] + +LANTY (Comte de), owner of an expensive mansion near the Elysee- +Bourbon, which he had bought from the Marechal de Carigliano. He gave +there under the Restoration some magnificent entertainments, at which +were present the upper classes of Parisian society, ignorant, though +they were, of the count's lineage. Lanty, who was a mysterious man, +passed for a clever chemist. He had married the rich niece of the +peculiar eunuch, Zambinella, by whom he had two children, Marianina +and Filippo. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] + +LANTY (Comtesse de), wife of the preceding, born in 1795, niece and +likewise adopted daughter of the wealthy eunuch, Zambinella, was the +mistress of M. de Maucombe, by whom she had a daughter, Marianina de +Lanty. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] + +LANTY (Marianina de), daughter of the preceding and according to law +of the Comte de Lanty, although she was in reality the daughter of M. +de Maucombe; born in 1809. She bore a striking resemblance to her +sister, Renee de l'Estorade, born Maucombe. In 1825 she concealed, and +lavished care on her great-uncle, Zambinella. During her parents' +sojourn in Rome she took lessons in sculpture of Charles Dorlange, who +afterwards, in 1839, became a member for Arcis, under the name of +Comte de Sallenauve. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] + +LANTY (Filippo de), younger brother of the preceding, second child of +the Comte and the Comtesse de Lanty. Being young and handsome he was +an attendant at the fetes given by his parents during the Restoration. +By his marriage, which took place under Louis Philippe, he became +allied with the family of a German grand duke. [Sarrasine. The Member +for Arcis.] + +LA PALFERINE (Gabriel-Jean-Anne-Victor-Benjamin-Georges-Ferdinand- +Charles-Edouard-Rusticoli, Comte de), born in 1802; of an ancient +Italian family which had become impoverished; grandson on the paternal +side of one of the protectors of Josephine-Sophie Laguerre; descended +indirectly from the Comtesse Albany--whence his given name of Charles- +Edouard. He had in his veins the mixed blood of the condottiere and +the gentleman. Under Louis Philippe, idle and fast going to ruin, with +his Louis XIII. cast of countenance, his evil-minded wit, his lofty +independent manners, insolent yet winning, he was a type of the +brilliant Bohemian of the Boulevard de Gand; so much so, that Madame +de la Baudraye, basing her information on points furnished her by +Nathan, one day drew a picture of him, writing a description in which +artificiality and artlessness were combined. In this were many +interesting touches: La Palferine's contempt shown at all times for +the bourgeois class and forms of government; the request for the +return of his toothbrush, then in the possession of a deserted +mistress, Antonia Chocardelle; his relations with Madame du Bruel, +whom he laid siege to, won, and neglected--a yielding puppet, of whom, +strange to say, he broke the heart and made the fortune. He lived at +that time in the Roule addition, in a plain garret, where he was in +the habit of receiving Zephirin Marcas. The wretchedness of his +quarters did not keep La Palferine out of the best society, and he was +the guest of Josepha Mirah at the first entertainment given in her +house on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. By a strange order of events, Comte +Rusticoli became Beatrix de Rochefide's lover, a few years after the +events just narrated, at a time when the Debats published a novel by +him which was spoken of far and wide. Nathan laid the foundation for +this affair. Trailles, Charles-Edouard's master, carried on the +negotiations and brought the intrigue to a consummation, being urged +on by the Abbe Brossette's assent and the Duchesse de Grandlieu's +request. La Palferine's liaison with Madame de Rochefide effected a +reconciliation between Calyste du Guenic and his wife. In the course +of time, however, Comte Rusticoli deserted Beatrix and sent her back +to her husband, Arthur de Rochefide. During the winter of 1842 La +Palferine was attracted to Madame de Laginska, had some meetings with +her, but failed in this affair through the intervention of Thaddee +Paz. [A Prince of Bohemia. A Man of Business. Cousin Betty. Beatrix. +The Imaginary Mistress.] + +LA PEYRADE (Charles-Marie-Theodose de), born near Avignon in 1813, one +of eleven children of the police-agent Peyrade's youngest brother, who +lived in poverty on a small estate called Canquoelle; a bold +Southerner of fair skin; given to reflection; ambitious, tactful and +astute. In 1829 he left the department of Vaucluse and went to Paris +on foot in search of Peyrade who, he had reason to believe, was +wealthy, but of whose business he was ignorant. Theodose departed +through the Barriere d'Enfer, which has been destroyed since 1860, at +the moment when Jacques Collin murdered his uncle. At that time he +entered a house of ill-fame, where he had unwittingly for mistress +Lydie Peyrade, his full-blooded cousin. Theodose then lived for three +years on a hundred louis which Corentin had secretly given to him. On +giving him the money, the national chief of police quietly advised him +to become an attorney. Journalism, however, at first, seemed a +tempting career to M. de la Peyrade, and he went into politics, +finally becoming editor of a paper managed by Cerizet. The failure of +this journal left Theodose once more very poor. Nevertheless, through +Corentin, who secretly paid the expenses of his studies, he was able +to begin and continue a course in law. Once licensed, M. de la Peyrade +became a barrister and professing to be entirely converted to +Socialism, he freely pleaded the cause of the poor before the +magistrate of the eleventh or twelfth district. He occupied the third +story of the Thuillier house on rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer. He fell +into the hands of Dutocq and Cerizet and suffered under the pressure +of these grasping creditors. Theodose now decided that he would marry +M. Thuillier's natural daughter, Mademoiselle Celeste Colleville, but, +with Felix Phellion's love to contend with, despite the combined +support, gained with difficulty, of Madame Colleville and of M. and +Mademoiselle Thuillier, he failed through Corentin's circumvention. +His marriage with Lydie Peyrade repaired the wrong which he had +formerly done unwittingly. As successor to Corentin he became national +chief-of-police in 1840. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Middle +Classes.] + +LA PEYRADE (Madame de), first cousin and wife of the preceding, born +Lydie Peyrade in 1810, natural daughter of the police officer Peyrade +and of Mademoiselle Beaumesnil; passed her childhood successively in +Holland and in Paris, on rue des Moineaux, whence, Jacques Collin, +thirsting for revenge, abducted her during the Restoration. Being +somewhat in love, at that time, with Lucien de Rubempre she was taken +to a house of ill-fame, Peyrade being at the time very ill. Upon her +departure she was insane. Her own cousin, Theodose de la Peyrade, had +been her lover there, fortuitously and without dreaming that they were +blood relatives. Corentin adopted this insane girl, who was a talented +musician and singer, and at his home on rue Honore-Chevalier, in 1840, +he arranged for both the cure and the marriage of his ward. [Scenes +from a Courtesan's Life. The Middle Classes.] + +LA POURAILLE, usual surname of Dannepont. + +LARAVINIERE, tavern-keeper in Western France, lodged "brigands" who +had armed themselves as Royalists under the first Empire. He was +condemned, either by Bourlac or Mergi, to five years in prison. [The +Seamy Side of History.] + +LARDOT (Madame), born in 1771, lived in Alencon in 1816 on rue du +Cours--a street still bearing the same name. She was a laundress, and +took as boarders a relative named Grevin and the Chevalier de Valois. +She had among her employes Cesarine and Suzanne, afterwards Madame +Theodore Gaillard. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +LAROCHE, born in 1763 at Blangy in Bourgogne, was, in 1823, an aged +vine-dresser, who felt a calm, relentless hatred for the rich, +especially the Montcornets, occupants of Aigues. [The Peasantry.] + +LA ROCHE (Sebastien de), born early in the nineteenth century, was +probably the son of an unpretentious, retired Treasury clerk. In +December, 1824, he found himself in Paris, poor, but capable and +zealous, as a supernumerary in the office of Xavier Rabourdin of the +Department of Finance. He lived with his widowed mother in the busiest +part of Marais on rue du Roi-Dore. M. and Madame Rabourdin received +and gave him assistance by preparing a copy of a rare and mysterious +government work. The discovery of this book by Dutocq unfortunately +resulted in the discharge of both chief and clerk. [The Government +Clerks.] + +LA ROCHE-GUYON (De), the eldest of one of the oldest families in the +section of Orne, at one time connected with the Esgrignons, who +visited them frequently. In 1805 he sued vainly, through Maitre +Chesnel, for the hand of Armande d'Esgrignon. [Jealousies of a Country +Town.] + +LA ROCHE-HUGON (Martial de), shrewd, turbulent and daring Southerner, +had a long and brilliant administrative career in politics. Even in +1809 the Council of State employed him as one of the masters of +petitions. Napoleon Bonaparte was patron of this young Provencal. +Also, in November of the same year, Martial was invited to the fete +given by Malin de Gondreville--a celebration which the Emperor was +vainly expected to attend. Montcornet was present, also the Duchesse +de Lansac, who succeeded in bringing about a reconciliation between +her nephew and niece, M. and Madame de Soulanges. M. de la Roche- +Hugon's mistress, Madame de Vaudremont, was also in attendance at this +ball. For five years he had enjoyed a close friendship with +Montcornet, and this bond was lasting. In 1815 the securing of Aigues +for Montcornet was undertaken by Martial, who had served as prefect +under the Empire, and retained his office under the Bourbons. Thus +from 1821 to 1823 M. de la Roche-Hugon was at the head of the +department in Bourgogne, which contained Aigues and Ville-aux-Fayes, +M. des Lupeaulx's sub-prefecture. A dismissal from this office, to +which the Comte de Casteran succeeded, threw Martial into the +opposition among the Liberalists, but this was for a short time, as he +soon accepted an embassy. Louis Philippe's government honored M. de la +Roche-Hugon by making him minister, ambassador, and counselor of +state. Eugene de Rastignac, who had favored him before, now gave him +one of his sisters in marriage. Several children resulted from this +union. Martial continued to remain influential and associated with the +popular idols of the time, M. and Madame de l'Estorade. His relations +with the national chief of police, Corentin, in 1840, were also +indicative of his standing. As a deputy the next year M. de la Roche- +Hugon probably filled the directorship in the War Department, left +vacant by Hector Hulot. [Domestic Peace. The Peasantry. A Daughter of +Eve. The Member for Arcis. The Middle Classes. Cousin Betty.] + +LA ROCHE-HUGON (Madame Martial de). (See Rastignac, Mesdemoiselles +de.) + +LA RODIERE (Stephanie de). (See Nueil, Madame Gaston de.) + +LA ROULIE (Jacquin), chief huntsman of the Prince de Cadignan, took +part with his master, in 1829, in the exciting hunt given in +Normandie, in which as spectators or riders were the Mignons de la +Bastie, the Maufrigneuses, the Herouvilles, M. de Canalis, Eleonore de +Chaulieu and Ernest de la Briere. Jacquin la Roulie was at that time +an old man and a firm believer in the French school; he had an +argument with John Barry, another guest, who defended English +principles. [Modeste Mignon.] + +LARSONNIERE (M. and Madame de), formed the aristocracy of the little +city of Saumur, of which Felix Grandet had been mayor in the years +just previous to the First Empire. [Eugenie Grandet.] + +LA THAUMASSIERE (De), grandson of the Berry historian, a young land- +owner, the dandy of Sancerre. While present in Madame de la Baudraye's +parlor, he had the misfortune to yawn during an exposition which she +was giving, for the fourth time, of Kant's philosophy; he was +henceforth looked upon as a man completely lacking in understanding +and in soul. [The Muse of the Department.] + +LATOURNELLE (Simon-Babylas), born in 1777, was notary at Havre, where +he had bought the most extensive practice for one hundred thousand +francs, lent him in 1817 by Charles Mignon de la Bastie. He married +Mademoiselle Agnes Labrosse, having by her one son, Exupere. He +remained the intimate friend of his benefactors, the Mignons. [Modeste +Mignon.] + +LATOURNELLE (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Agnes Labrosse, +daughter to the clerk of the court of first instance at Havre. Tall +and ungainly of figure, a bourgeoise of rather ancient tastes, at the +same time good-hearted, she had somewhat late in life, by her +marriage, a son whose given name was Exupere. She entertained Jean +Butscha. Madame Latournelle was a frequent visitor of the Mignons de +la Bastie, and at all times testified her affection for them. [Modeste +Mignon.] + +LATOURNELLE (Exupere), son of the preceding couple, went with them to +visit the Mignons de la Bastie, towards the end of the Restoration. He +was then a tall, insignificant young man. [Modeste Mignon.] + +LAUDIGEOIS, married, head of a family, typical petty bourgeois, +employed during the Restoration by the mayor of the eleventh or +twelfth ward in Paris, a position from which he was unjustly expelled +by Colleville in 1840. In 1824 an intimate neighbor of the Phellions, +and exactly like them in morals, he attended their informal card-party +on Thursday evening. Laudigeois, introduced by the Phellions, finally +became a close friend of the Thuilliers, during the reign of Louis +Philippe. His civil statistical record should be corrected, as his +name in several of the papers is spelled Leudigeois. [The Government +Clerks. The Middle Classes.] + +LAURE, given name of a sweet and charming young peasant girl, who took +Servin's course in painting at Paris in 1815. She protected Ginevra di +Piombo, an affectionate friend, who was her elder. [The Vendetta.] + +LAURENT, a Savoyard, Antoine's nephew; husband of an expert laundress +of laces, mender of cashmeres, etc. In 1824 he lived with them and +their relative, Gabriel, in Paris. In the evening he was door-keeper +in a subsidized theatre; in the daytime he was usher in the Bureau of +Finance. In this position Laurent was first to learn of the worldly +and official success attained by Celestine Rabourdin, when she +attempted to have Xavier appointed successor to Flamet de la +Billardiere. [The Government Clerks.] + +LAURENT, Paris, 1815, M. Henri de Marsay's servant, equal to the +Frontins of the old regime; was able to obtain for his master, through +the mail-carrier, Moinot, the address of Paquita Valdes and other +information about her. [The Thirteen.] + +LAVIENNE, Jean-Jules Popinot's servant in Paris, rue du Fouarre, 1828; +"made on purpose for his master," whom he aided in his active +philanthropy by redeeming and renewing pledges given to the +pawnbrokers. He took the place of his master in Palais de Justice +during the latter's absence. [The Commission in Lunacy.] + +LAVRILLE, famous naturalist, employed in the Jardin des Plantes, and +dwelling on rue de Buffon, Paris, 1831. Consulted as to the shagreen, +the enlargement of which was so passionately desired by Raphael de +Valentin, Lavrille could do nothing more than talk on the subject and +sent the young man to Planchette, the professor of mechanics. +Lavrille, "the grand mogul of zoology," reduced science to a catalogue +of names. He was then preparing a monograph on the duck family. [The +Magic Skin.] + +LEBAS (Joseph), born in 1779, a penniless orphan, he was assisted and +employed in Paris, first by the Guillaumes, cloth-merchants on rue +Saint-Denis, at the Cat and Racket. Under the First Empire he married +Virginie,[*] the elder of his employer's daughters, although he was in +love with the younger, Mademoiselle Augustine. He succeeded the +Guilliaumes in business. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] During +the first years of the Restoration he presided over the Tribunal of +Commerce. Joseph Lebas, who was intimate with M. and Madame Birotteau, +attended their ball with his wife. He also strove for Cesar's +rehabilitation. [Cesar Birotteau.] During the reign of Louis Philippe, +having for an intimate friend Celestin Crevel, he retired from +business and lived at Corbeil. [Cousin Betty.] + +[*] The names of Virginie and Augustine are confused in the original + text. + +LEBAS (Madame Joseph), wife of the preceding, born Virginie Guillaume +in 1784, elder of Guillaume's daughters, lived at the Cat and Racket; +the counterpart, physically and morally, of her mother. Under the +First Empire, at the parish church of Saint-Leu, Paris, her marriage +took place on the same day that her younger sister, Augustine de +Sommervieux, was wedded. The love which she felt for her husband was +not reciprocated. She viewed with indifference her sister's +misfortunes, became intimate in turn with the Birotteaus and the +Crevels; and, having retired from business, spent her last days in the +middle of Louis Philippe's reign at Corbeil. [At the Sign of the Cat +and Racket. Cesar Birotteau. Cousin Betty.] + +LEBAS, probably a son of the preceding. In 1836 first assistant of the +king's solicitor at Sancerre; two years later counselor to the court +of Paris. In 1838 he would have married Hortense Hulot if Crevel had +not prevented the match. [The Muse of the Department. Cousin Betty.] + +LEBOEUF, for a long time connected with the prosecuting attorney at +Nantes, being president of the court there in the latter part of Louis +Philippe's reign. He was well acquainted with the Camusot de +Marvilles, and knew Maitre Fraisier, who claimed his acquaintance in +1845. [Cousin Pons.] + +LEBRUN, sub-lieutenant, then captain in the Seventy-second demi- +brigade, commanded by Hulot during the war against the Chouans in +1799. [The Chouans.] + +LEBRUN, division-chief in the War Department in 1838. Marneffe was one +of his employes. [Cousin Betty.] + +LEBRUN, protege, friend and disciple of Doctor Bouvard. Being a +physician at the prison in May, 1830, he was called upon to establish +the death of Lucien de Rubempre. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] In +1845 Lebrun was chief physician of the Parisian boulevard theatre, +managed by Felix Gaudissart. [Cousin Pons.] + +LECAMUS (Baron de Tresnes), counselor to the royal court of Paris, +lived, in 1816, rue Chanoinesse, with Madame de la Chanterie. Known +there by the name of Joseph, he was a Brother of Consolation in +company with Montauran, Alain, Abbe de Veze and Godefroid. [The Seamy +Side of History.] + +LECHESNEAU, through the influence of Cambaceres and Bonaparte, +appointed attorney-general in Italy, but as a result of his many +disreputable love-affairs, despite his real capacity for office- +holding, he was forced to give up his position. Between the end of the +Republic and the beginning of the Empire he became head of the grand +jury at Troyes. Lechesneau, who had been repeatedly bribed by Senator +Malin, had to occupy himself in 1806 with the Hauteserre-Simeuse-Michu +affair. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +LECLERQ, native of Bourgogne, commissioner for the vinters in the +department to which Ville-aux-Fayes, a sub-prefecture of this same +province, belonged. He was of service to Gaubertin, Madame Soudry, +also Rigon, perhaps, and was in turn under obligations to them. Having +arranged a partnership he founded the house of "Leclerq & Company," on +Quai de Bethune, Ile Saint-Louis, Paris, in competition with the well- +known house of Grandet. In 1815 Leclerq married Jenny Gaubertin. As a +banker he dealt in wine commissions, and became regent of the National +Bank. During the Restoration he represented as deputy on the Left +Centre the district of Ville-aux-Fayes, and not far from the sub- +prefecture, in 1823, bought a large estate, which brought thirty +thousand francs rental. [The Peasantry.] + +LECLERQ (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Jenny Gaubertin, eldest +daughter of Gaubertin, steward of Aigues in Bourgogne, received two +hundred thousand francs as dowry. [The Peasantry.] + +LECLERQ, brother-in-law of the preceding, during the Restoration was +special collector at Ville-aux-Fayes, Bourgogne, and joined the other +members of his family in worrying, more or less, the Comte de +Montcornet. [The Peasantry.] + +LECOCQ, a trader, whose failure was very cleverly foretold by +Guillaume at the Cat and Racket. This failure was Guillaume's Battle +of Marengo. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] + +LEFEBVRE, Louis Lambert's uncle, was successively oratorian, sworn +priest and cure of Mer, a small city near Blois. Had a delightful +disposition and a heart of rare tenderness. He exercised a watchful +care over the childhood and youth of his remarkable nephew. The Abbe +Lefebvre later on lived at Blois, the Restoration having caused him to +lose his position. In 1822, under form of a letter sent from Croisic, +he was the first to receive information concerning the Cambremers. The +next year, having become much older in appearance, while riding in a +stage-coach he told of the frightful state of suffering, sometimes +mingled with remarkable displays of intellect, which preceded the +death of Louis Lambert. [Louis Lambert. A Seaside Tragedy.] + +LEFEBVRE (Robert), well-known French painter of the First Empire. In +1806, at the expense of Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, he painted Michu's +portrait. [The Gondreville Mystery.] Among the many paintings executed +by Robert Lefebvre is a portrait of Hulot d'Ervy dressed in the +uniform of chief commissary of the Imperial Guard. This is dated 1810. +[Cousin Betty.] + +LEGANES (Marquis de), Spanish grandee, married, father of two +daughters, Clara and Mariquita, and of three sons, Juanito, Philippe +and Manuel. He manifested a spirit of patriotism in the war carried on +against the French during the Empire and died then under the most +tragic circumstances, in which Mariquita was an unwilling abettor. The +Marquis de Leganes died by the hand of his eldest son, who had been +condemned to be his executioner. [El Verdugo.] + +LEGANES (Marquise de), wife of the preceding and condemned to die with +the other members of the family by the hand of her eldest son. She +spared him the necessity of doing this terrible deed of war by +committing suicide. [El Verdugo.] + +LEGANES (Clara de), daughter of the preceding couple; also shared the +condemnation of the Marquis de Leganes and died by the hand of +Juanito. [El Verdugo.] + +LEGANES (Mariquita de), sister of the preceding, had rescued Major +Victor Marchand of the French infantry from danger in 1808. In +testimony of his gratitude he was able to obtain pardon for one member +of the Leganes family, but with the horribly cruel provision that the +one spared should become executioner of the rest of the family. [El +Verdugo.] + +LEGANES (Juanito de), brother of the last-named, born in 1778. Small +and of poor physique, of gentlemanly manners, yet proud and scornful, +he was gifted with that delicacy of feeling which in olden times +caused Spanish gallantry to be so well known. Upon the earnest request +of his proud-spirited family he consented to execute his father, his +two sisters and his two brothers. Juanito only was saved from death, +that his family might not become extinct. [El Verdugo.] + +LEGANES (Philippe de), younger brother of the preceding, born in 1788, +a noble Spaniard condemned to death; executed by his elder brother in +1808, during the war waged against the French. [El Verdugo.] + +LEGANES (Manuel de), born in 1800, youngest of the five Leganes +children, suffered, in 1808, during the war waged by the French in +Spain, the fate of his father, the marquis, and of his elder brother +and sisters. The youngest scion of this noble family died by the hand +of Juanito de Leganes. [El Verdugo.] + +LEGER, extensive farmer of Beaumont-sur-Oise, married daughter of +Reybert, Moreau's successor as exciseman of the Presles estate, +belonging to the Comte de Serizy; had by his wife a daughter who +became, in 1838, Madame Joseph Bridau. [A Start in Life.] + +LEGRELU, a bald-headed man, tall and good-looking; in 1840 became a +vintner in Paris on rue des Canettes, corner of rue Guisarde. +Toupillier, Madame Cardinal's uncle, the "pauper of Saint-Sulpice," +was his customer. [The Middle Classes.] + +LELEWEL, a nineteenth century revolutionist, head of the Polish +Republican party in Paris in 1835. One of his friends was Doctor Moise +Halpersohn. [The Imaginary Mistress. The Seamy Side of History.] + +LEMARCHAND. (See Tours, Minieres des.) + +LEMIRE, professor of drawing in the Imperial Lyceum, Paris, in 1812; +foresaw the talent of Joseph Bridau, one of his pupils, for painting, +and threw the future artist's mother into consternation by telling her +of this fact. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] + +LEMPEREUR, in 1819, Chaussee-d'Antin, Paris, clerk to Charles +Claparon, at that time "straw-man" of Tillet, Roguin & Company. [Cesar +Birotteau.] + +LEMPRUN, born in 1745, son-in-law of Galard, market-gardener of +Auteuil. Employed, in turn, in the houses of Thelusson and of Keller +in Paris, he was probably the first messenger in the service of the +Bank of France, having entered that establishment when it was founded. +He met Mademoiselle Brigitte Thuillier during this period of his life, +and in 1814 gave Celeste, his only daughter, in marriage to Brigitte's +brother, Louis-Jerome Thuillier. M. Lemprun died the year following. +[The Middle Classes.] + +LEMPRUN (Madame), wife of the preceding, daughter of Galard, the +market-gardener of Auteuil, mother of one child--Madame Celeste +Thuillier. She lived in the village of Auteuil from 1815 until the +time of her death in 1829. She reared Celeste Phellion, daughter of +L.-J. Thuillier and of Madame de Colleville. Madame Lemprun left a +small fortune inherited from her father, M. Galard, which was +administered by Brigitte Thuillier. This Lemprun estate consisted of +twenty thousand francs, saved by the strictest economy, and of a house +which was sold for twenty-eight thousand francs. [The Middle Classes.] + +LEMULQUINIER, a native of Flanders, owed his name to the linen-yarn +dealers of that province, who are called /mulquiniers/. He lived in +Douai, was the valet of Balthazar Claes, and encouraged and aided his +master in his foolish investigations, despite the extreme coldness of +his own nature and the opposition of Josette, Martha, and the women of +the Claes family. Lemulquinier even went so far as to give all his +personal property to M. Claes. [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +LENONCOURT (De), born in 1708, marshal of France, marquis at first, +then duke, was the friend of Victor-Amedee de Verneuil, and adopted +Marie de Verneuil, the acknowledged natural daughter of his old +comrade, when the latter died. Suspected unjustly of being this young +girl's lover, the septuagenarian refused to marry her, and leaving her +behind he changed his place of residence to Coblentz. [The Chouans.] + +LENONCOURT (Duc de), father of Madame de Mortsauf. The early part of +the Restoration was the brilliant period of his career. He obtained a +peerage, owned a house in Paris on rue Saint-Dominique-Saint-Germain, +looked after Birotteau and found him a situation just after his +failure. Lenoncourt played for the favor of Louis XVIII., was first +gentleman in the king's chamber, and welcomed Victurnien d'Esgrignon, +with whom he had some relationship. The Duc de Lenoncourt was, in +1835, visiting the Princesse de Cadignan, when Marsay explained the +reasons the political order had for the mysterious kidnapping of +Gondreville. Three years later he died a very old man. [The Lily of +the Valley. Cesar Birotteau. Jealousies of a Country Town. The +Gondreville Mystery. Beatrix.] + +LENONCOURT (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, born in 1758, of a +cold, severe, insincere, ambitious nature, was almost always unkind to +her daughter, Madame de Mortsauf. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +LENONCOURT-GIVRY (Duc de), youngest son of M. and Madame de Chaulieu, +at first followed a military career. Titles and names in abundance +came to him. In 1827 he married Madeleine de Mortsauf, the only heir +of her parents. [Letters of Two Brides.] The Duc de Lenoncourt-Givry +was a man of some importance in the Paris of Louis Philippe and was +invited to the festival at the opening of Josepha Mirah's new house, +rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. [Cousin Betty.] The year following attention +was still turned towards him indirectly, when Sallenauve was +contending in defence of the duke's brother-in-law. [The Member for +Arcis.] + +LENONCOURT-GIVRY (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, bore the first +name of Madeleine. Madame de Lenoncourt-Givry was one of two children +of the Comte and Comtesse de Mortsauf. She lived almost alone in her +family, having lost at an early age her mother, then her brother +Jacques. While passing her girlhood in Touraine, she met Felix de +Vandenesse, from whom she knew how to keep aloof on becoming an +orphan. Her inheritance of names, titles and wealth brought about her +marriage with the youngest son of M. and Madame de Chaulieu in 1827, +and established for her a friendship with the Grandlieus, whose +daughter, Clotilde, accompanied her to Italy about 1830. During the +first day of their journey the arrest of Lucien Chardon de Rubempre +took place under their eyes near Bouron, Seine-et-Marne. [The Lily of +the Valley. Letters of Two Brides. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +LENORMAND was court registrar at Paris during the Restoration, and did +Comte Octave de Bauvan a service by passing himself off as owner of a +house on rue Saint-Maur, which belonged in reality to the count and +where the wife of that high magistrate lived, at that time being +separated from her husband. [Honorine.] + +LEOPOLD, a character in "L'Ambitieux par Amour," a novel by Albert +Savarus, was Maitre Leopold Hannequin. The author pictured him as +having a strong passion--imaginary or true--for the mother of +Rodolphe, the hero of this autobiographical novel, published by the +"Revue de l'Est" under the reign of Louis Philippe. [Albert Savarus.] + +LEPAS (Madame de), for a long time keeper of a tavern at Vendome, of +Flemish physique; acquainted with M. and Madame de Merret, and +furnished information about them to Doctor Horace Bianchon; Comte +Bagos de Feredia, who died so tragically, having been a lodger in her +house. She was also interviewed by the author, who, under the name of +Valentine, gave on the stage of the Gymnase-Dramatique the story of +the incontinence and punishment of Josephine de Merret. This Vendome +tavern-keeper pretended also to have lodged some princesses, M. +Decazes, General Bertrand, the King of Spain, and the Duc and Duchesse +of d'Abrantes. [La Grande Bretche.] + +LEPITRE, strong Royalist, had some relations with M. de Vandenesse, +when they wished to rescue Marie-Antoinette from the Temple. Later, +under the Empire, having become head of an academy, in the old Joyeuse +house, Quartier Saint-Antoine, Paris, Lepitre counted among his pupils +a son of M. de Vandenesse, Felix. Lepitre was fat, like Louis XVIII., +and club-footed. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +LEPITRE (Madame), wife of the preceding, reared Felix de Vandenesse. +[The Lily of the Valley.] + +LEPRINCE (Monsieur and Madame). M. Leprince was a Parisian auctioneer +towards the end of the Empire and at the beginning of the Restoration. +He finally sold his business at a great profit; but being injured by +one of Nucingen's failures, he lost in some speculations on the Bourse +some of the profits that he had realized. He was the father-in-law of +Xavier Rabourdin, whose fortune he risked in these dangerous +speculations, that his son-in-law's domestic comfort might be +increased. Crushed by misfortune he died under Louis XVIII., leaving +some rare paintings which beautified the parlor of his children's home +on rue Duphot. Madame Leprince, who died before the bankrupt +auctioneer, a distinguished woman and a natural artist, worshiped and, +consequently, spoiled her only child, Celestine, who became Madame +Xavier Rabourdin. She communicated to her daughter some of her own +tastes, and thoughtlessly, perhaps, developed in her a love of luxury, +intelligent and refined. [The Government Clerks.] + +LEROI (Pierre), called also Marche-a-terre, a Fougeres Chouan, who +played an important part during the civil war of 1799 in Bretagne, +where he gave evidence of courage and heartlessness. He survived the +tragedy of this period, for he was seen on the Place d'Alencon in 1809 +when Cibot--Pille-Miche--was tried at the bar as a chauffeur and +attempted to escape. In 1827, nearly twenty years later, this same +Pierre Leroi was known as a peaceable cattle-trader in the markets of +his province. [The Chouans. The Seamy Side of History. Jealousies of a +Country Town.] + +LEROI (Madame), mother of the preceding, being ill, was cured on +coming to Fougeres to pray under the oak of the Patte-d'Oie. This tree +was decorated with a beautiful wooden image of the Virgin, placed +there in memory of Sainte-Anne d'Auray's appearance in this place. +[The Chouans.] + +LESEIGNEUR DE ROUVILLE (Baronne), pensionless widow of a sea-captain +who had died at Batavia, under the Republic, during a prolonged +engagement with an English vessel; mother of Madame Hippolyte +Schinner. Early in the nineteenth century she lived at Paris with her +unmarried daughter, Adelaide. On the fourth story of a house belonging +to Molineux, on rue de Surene, near the Madeleine, Madame Leseigneur +occupied unadorned and gloomy apartments. There she frequently +received Hippolyte Schinner, Messieurs du Halga and de Kergarouet. She +received from two of these friends many delicate marks of sympathy, +despite the gossip of the neighbors who were astonished that Madame de +Rouville and her daughter should have different names, and shocked by +their very suspicious behavior. The manner in which Mesdames +Leseigneur recognized the good offices of Schinner led to his marriage +with Mademoiselle de Rouville. [The Purse.] + +LESEIGNEUR (Adelaide). (See Schinner, Madame Hippolyte.) + +LESOURD, married the eldest daughter of Madame Guenic of Provins, and +toward the end of the Restoration presided over the justice court of +that city, of which he had first been king's attorney. In 1828 he was +able, indeed, to defend Pierrette Lorrain, thus showing his opposition +to the local Liberalist leaders, represented by Rogron, Vinet and +Gourand. [Pierrette.] + +LESOURD (Madame), wife of the preceding and eldest daughter of Madame +Guenee; for a long time called in Provins, "the little Madame +Lesourd." [Pierrette.] + +LEVEILLE (Jean-Francois), notary in Alencon, inflexible correspondent +of the Royalists of Normandie under the Empire. He issued arms to +them, received the surname of Confesseur, and, in 1809, was put to +death with others as the result of a judgment rendered by Bourlac. +[The Seamy Side of History.] + +LEVRAULT, enriched by the iron industry in Paris, died in 1813; former +owner of the house in Nemours which came into the possession finally +of Doctor Minoret, who lived there in 1815. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +LEVRAULT-CREMIERE, related to the preceding, an old miller, who became +a Royalist under the Restoration; he was mayor of Nemours from 1829 to +1830, and was replaced after the Revolution of July by the notary, +Cremiere-Dionis. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +LEVRAULT-LEVRAULT, eldest son, thus named to distinguish him from his +numerous relatives of the same name; he was a butcher in Nemours in +1829, when Ursule Mirouet was undergoing persecution. [Ursule +Mirouet.] + +LIAUTARD (Abbe), in the first years of the nineteenth century was at +the head of an institution of learning in Paris; had among his pupils +Godefroid, Madame de la Chanterie's lodger in 1836 and future Brother +of Consolation. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +LINA (Duc de), an Italian, at Milan early in the century, one of the +lovers of La Marana, the mother of Madame Diard. [The Miranas.] + +LINET (Jean-Baptiste-Robert, called Robert), member of the Legislature +and of the Convention, born at Bernay in 1743, died at Paris in 1825; +minister of finance under the Republic, weakened Antoine and the +Poiret brothers by giving them severe work, although twenty-five years +later they were still laboring in the Treasury. [The Government +Clerks.] + +LISIEUX (Francois), called the Grand-Fils (grandson), a rebel of the +department of Mayenne; chauffeur under the First Empire and connected +with the Royalist insurrection in the West, which caused Madame de la +Chanterie's imprisonment. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +LISTOMERE (Marquis de) son of the "old Marquise de Listomere"; deputy +of the majority under Charles X., with hopes of a peerage; husband of +Mademoiselle de Vandenesse the elder, his cousin. One evening in 1828, +in his own house on rue Saint-Dominique, he was quietly reading the +"Gazette de France" without noticing the flirtation carried on at his +side by his wife and Eugene de Rastignac, then twenty-five years old. +[The Lily of the Valley. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Study +of Woman.] + +LISTOMERE (Marquise de), wife of the preceding, elder of M. de +Vandenesse's daughters, and sister of Charles and Felix. Like her +husband and cousin, during the early years of the Restoration, she was +a brilliant type of the period, combining, as she did, godliness with +worldliness, occasionally figuring in politics, and concealing her +youth under the guise of austerity. However, in 1828, her mask seemed +to fall at the moment when Madame de Mortsauf died; for, then, she +wrongly fancied herself the object of Eugene de Rastignac's wooing. +Under Louis Philippe she took part in an intrigue formed for the +purpose of throwing her sister-in-law, Marie de Vandenesse, into the +power of Raoul Nathan. [The Lily of the Valley. Lost Illusions. A +Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Study of Woman. A Daughter of +Eve.] + +LISTOMERE (Marquise de) mother-in-law of the preceding, born +Grandlieu. She lived in Paris at an advanced age in Ile Saint-Louis, +during the early years of the nineteenth century; received on his +holidays her grand-nephew, Felix de Vandenesse, then a student, and +frightened him by the solemn or frigid appearance of everything about +her. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +LISTOMERE (Baronne de), had been the wife of a lieutenant-general. As +a widow she lived in the city of Tours under the Restoration, assuming +all the grand airs of the past centuries. She helped the Birotteau +brothers. In 1823 she received the army paymaster, Gravier, and the +terrible Spanish husband who killed the French surgeon, Bega. Madame +de Listomere died, and her wish to make Francois Birotteau her partial +heir was not executed. [The Vicar of Tours. Cesar Birotteau. The Muse +of the Department.] + +LISTOMERE (Baron de), nephew of the preceding, born in 1791; was in +turn lieutenant and captain in the navy. During a leave of absence +spent with his aunt at Tours he began to intervene in favor of the +persecuted abbe, Francois Birotteau, but finally opposed him upon +learning of the power of the Congregation, and that the priest's name +figured in the Baronne de Listomere's will. [The Vicar of Tours.] + +LISTOMERE (Comtesse de), old, lived in Saint-Germain suburbs of Paris, +in 1839. At the Austrian embassy she became acquainted with Rastignac, +Madame de Nucingen, Ferdinand du Tillet and Maxime de Trailles. [The +Member for Arcis.] + +LISTOMERE-LANDON (Marquise de), born in Provence, 1744; lady of the +eighteenth century aristocracy, had been the friend of Duclos and +Marechal de Richelieu. Later she lived in the city of Tours, where she +tried to help by unbiased counsel her unsophisticated niece by +marriage, the Marquise Victor d'Aiglemont. Gout and her happiness over +the return of the Duc d'Angouleme caused Madame de Listomere's death +in 1814. [A Woman of Thirty.] + +LOLOTTE. (See Topinard, Madame.) + +LONGUEVILLE (De), noble and illustrious family, whose last scion, the +Duc de Rostein-Limbourg, executed in 1793, belonged to the younger +branch. [The Ball at Sceaux.] + +LONGUEVILLE, deputy under Charles X., son of an attorney, without +authority placed the particle /de/ before his name. M. Longueville was +connected with the house of Palma, Werbrust & Co.; he was the father +of Auguste, Maximilien and Clara; desired a peerage for himself and a +minister's daughter for his elder son, who had an income of fifty +thousand francs. [The Ball at Sceaux.] + +LONGUEVILLE (Auguste), son of the preceding, born late in the +eighteenth century, possessed an income of fifty thousand francs; +married, probably a minister's daughter; was secretary of an embassy; +met Madame Emilie de Vandenesse during a vacation which he was +spending in Paris, and told her the secret of his family. Died young, +while employed in the Russian embassy. [The Ball at Sceaux.] + +LONGUEVILLE (Maximilien), one of Longueville's three children, +sacrificed himself for his brother and sister; entered business, lived +on rue du Sentier--then no longer called rue du Groschenet; was +employed in a large linen establishment, situated near rue de la Paix; +fell passionately in love with Emilie de Fontaine, who became Madame +Charles de Vandenesse. She ceased to reciprocate his passion upon +learning that he was merely a novelty clerk. However, M. Longueville, +as a result of the early death of his father and of his brother, +became a banker, a member of the nobility, a peer, and finally the +Vicomte "Guiraudin de Longueville." [The Ball at Sceaux.] + +LONGUEVILLE (Clara), sister of the preceding; she was probably born +during the Empire; was a very refined young woman of frail +constitution, but good complexion; lived in the time of the +Restoration; was companion and protegee of her elder brother, +Maximilien, future Vicomte Guiraudin, and was cordially received at +the Planat de Baudry's pavilion, situated in the valley of Sceaux, +where she was a good friend of the last unmarried heiress of Comte de +Fontaine. [The Ball at Sceaux.] + +LORA (Leon de), born in 1806, descendant of a noble family of +Roussillon, of Spanish origin; penniless son of Comte Fernand Didas y +Lora and Leonie de Lora, born Gazonal; younger brother of Juan de +Lora, nephew of Mademoiselle Urraca y Lora; he left his native country +at an early age. His family, with the exception of his mother, who +died, remained at home long after his departure, but he never inquired +concerning them. He went to Paris, where, having entered the artist, +Schinner's, studio, under the name of Mistigris, he became celebrated +for his animation and repartee. From 1820 he shone in this way, rarely +leaving Joseph Bridau--a friend whom he accompanied to the Comte de +Serizy's at Presles in the valley of Oise. Later Leon protected his +very sympathetic but commonplace countryman, Pierre Grassou. In 1830 +he became a celebrity. Arthez entrusted to him the decoration of a +castle, and Leon de Lora forthwith showed himself to be a master. Some +years later he took a tour through Italy with Felicite des Touches and +Claude Vignon. Being present when the domestic troubles of the Bauvans +were recounted, Lora was able to give a finished analysis of +Honorine's character to M. de l'Hostal. Being a guest at all the +social feasts and receptions he was in attendance at one of +Mademoiselle Brisetout's gatherings on rue Chauchat. There he met +Bixiou, Etienne Lousteau, Stidmann and Vernisset. He visited the +Hulots frequently and their intimate friends. With the aid of Joseph +Bridau he rescued W. Steinbock from Clichy, saw him marry Hortense, +and was invited to the second marriage of Valerie Marneffe. He was +then the greatest living painter of landscapes and sea-pieces, a +prince of repartee and dissipation, and dependent on Bixiou. Fabien du +Ronceret gave to him the ornamentation of an apartment on rue Blanche. +Wealthy, illustrious, living on rue Berlin, the neighbor of Joseph +Bridau and Schinner, member of the Institute, officer of the Legion of +Honor, Leon, assisted by Bixiou, received his cousin Palafox Gazonal, +and pointed out to him many well-known people about town. [The +Unconscious Humorists. A Bachelor's Establishment. A Start in Life. +Pierre Grassou. Honorine. Cousin Betty. Beatrix.] + +LORA (Don Juan de), elder brother of the preceding, spent his whole +life in Roussillon, his native country; in the presence of their +cousin, Palafox Gazonal, denied that his younger brother, "le petit +Leon," possessed great artistic ability. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +LORAUX (Abbe), born in 1752, of unattractive bearing, yet the very +soul of tenderness. Confessor of the pupils of the Lycee Henry IV., +and of Agathe Bridau; for twenty-five years vicar of Saint-Sulpice at +Paris; in 1818 confessor of Cesar Birotteau; became in 1819 cure of +the Blancs-Manteaux in Marais parish. He thus became a neighbor of +Octave de Bauvan, in whose home he placed in 1824 M. de l'Hostal, his +nephew and adopted son. Loraux, who was the means of restoring to +Bauvan the Comtesse Honorine, received her confessions. He died in +1830, she being his nurse at the time. [A Start in Life. A Bachelor's +Establishment. Cesar Birotteau. Honorine.] + +LORRAIN, petty merchant of Pen-Hoel in the beginning of the nineteenth +century; married and had a son, whose wife and child, Pierrette, he +took care of after his son's death. Lorrain was completely ruined +later, and took refuge in a home for the old and needy, confiding +Pierrette, both of whose parents were now dead, to the care of some +near relatives, the Rogrons of Provins. Lorrain's death took place +previously to that of his wife. [Pierrette.] + +LORRAIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, and grandmother of Pierrette; +born about 1757; lived the simple life of her husband, to whom she +bore some resemblance. A widow towards the end of the Restoration, she +became comfortably situated after the return of Collinet of Nantes. +Upon going to Provins to recover her granddaughter, she found her +dying; went into retirement in Paris, and died soon after, making +Jacques Brigaut her heir. [Pierrette.] + +LORRAIN, son of the preceding couple, Bretagne; captain in the +Imperial Guard; major in the line; married the second daughter of a +Provins grocer, Auffray, through whom he had Pierrette; died a poor +man, on the battlefield of Montereau, February 18, 1814. [Pierrette.] + +LORRAIN (Madame), wife of the preceding and mother of Pierrette; born +Auffray in 1793; half sister to the mother of Sylvie and Denis Rogron +of Provins. In 1814, a poor widow, still very young, she lived with +the Lorrains of Pen-Hoel, a town in the Vendean Marais. It is said +that she was consoled by the ex-major, Brigaut, of the Catholic army, +and survived the unfortunate marriage of Madame Neraud, widow of +Auffray, and maternal grandmother of Pierrette, only three years. +[Pierrette.] + +LORRAIN (Pierrette), daughter of the preceding, born in the town of +Pen-Hoel in 1813; lost her father when fourteen months old and her +mother when six years old; lovable disposition, delicate and +unaffected. After a happy childhood, spent with her excellent maternal +grandparents and a playmate, Jacques Brigaut, she was sent to some +first maternal cousins of Provins, the wealthy Rogrons, who treated +her with pitiless severity. Pierrette died on Easter Tuesday, March, +1828, as the result of sickness brought on by the brutality of her +cousin, Sylvie Rogron, who was extremely envious of her. A trial of +her persecutors followed her death, and, despite the efforts of old +Madame Lorrain, Jacques Brigaut, Martener, Desplein and Bianchon, her +assailants escaped through the craftily exerted influence of Vinet. +[Pierrette.] + +LOUCHARD, the craftiest bailiff of Paris; undertook the recovery of +Esther van Gobseck, who had escaped from Frederic de Nucingen; did +business with Maitre Fraisier. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Cousin +Pons.] + +LOUCHARD (Madame), wife of the preceding, did not live with him; +acquainted with Madame Komorn de Godollo and, in 1840, furnished her +information about Theodose de la Peyrade. [The Middle Classes.] + +LOUDON (Prince de), general in the Vendean cavalry, lived at Le Mans +during the Terror. He was brother of a Verneuil who was guillotined, +was noted for "his boldness and the martyrdom of his punishment." [The +Chouans. Modeste Mignon.] + +LOUDON (Prince Gaspard de), born in 1791, third and only surviving son +of the Duc de Verneuil's four children; fat and commonplace, having, +very inappropriately, the same name as the celebrated Vendean cavalry +general; became probably Desplein's son-in-law. He took part in 1829 +in a great hunt given in Normandie, in company with the Herouvilles, +the Cadignans and the Mignons. [Modeste Mignon.] + +LOUIS XVIII. (Louis-Stanislas-Xavier), born at Versailles, November +16, 1754, died September 16, 1824, King of France. He was in political +relations with Alphonse de Montauran, Malin de Gondreville, and some +time before this, under the name of the Comte de Lille, with the +Baronne de la Chanterie. He considered Peyrade an able officer and was +his patron. King Louis XVIII., friend of the Comte de Fontaine, +engaged Felix de Vandenesse as secretary. His last mistress was the +Comtesse Ferraud. [The Chouans. The Seamy Side of History. The +Gondreville Mystery. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Ball at +Sceaux. The Lily of the Valley. Colonel Chabert. The Government +Clerks.] + +LOUISE, during the close of Louis Philippe's reign, was Madame W. +Steinbock's waiting-maid at Paris, rue Louis-le-Grand, and was courted +by Hulot d'Ervy's cook, at the time when Agathe Piquetard, who was +destined to become the second Baronne Hulot, was another servant. +(Cousin Betty.] + +LOURDOIS, during the Empire wealthy master-painter of interiors; +contractor with thirty thousand francs income, of Liberal views. +Charged an enormous sum for the famous decorations in Cesar +Birotteau's apartments, where he was a guest with his wife and +daughter at the grand ball of December 17, 1818. After the failure of +the perfumer, a little later, he treated him somewhat slightingly. [At +the Sign of the Cat and Racket. Cesar Birotteau.] + +LOUSTEAU, sub-delegate at Issoudun and afterwards the intimate friend +of Doctor Rouget, at that time his enemy, because the doctor was +possibly the father of Mademoiselle Agathe Rouget, then become Madame +Bridau. Lousteau died in 1800. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] + +LOUSTEAU (Etienne), son of the preceding, born at Sancerre in 1799, +nephew of Maximilienne Hochon, born Lousteau, school-mate of Doctor +Bianchon. Urged on by his desire for a literary vocation, he entered +Paris without money, in 1819, made a beginning with poetry, was the +literary partner of Victor Ducange in a melodrama played at the Gaite +in 1821, undertook the editing of a small paper devoted to the stage, +of which Andoche Finot was proprietor. He had at that time two homes, +one in the Quartier Latin, rue de la Harpe, above the Servel cafe, +another on rue de Bondy, with Florine his mistress. Not having a +better place, he became at times Flicoteaux's guest, in company with +Daniel d'Arthez and especially Lucien de Rubempre, whom he trained, +piloted, and introduced to Dauriat, in fact, whose first steps he +aided, not without feeling regret later in life. For one thousand +francs per month, Lousteau rid Philippe Bridau of his wife, Flore, +placing her in a house of ill-fame. He was at the Opera, the evening +of the masque ball of the year 1824, where Blondet, Bixiou, Rastignac, +Jacques Collin, Chatelet and Madame d'Espard discovered Lucien de +Rubempre with Esther Gobseck. Lousteau wrote criticisms, did work for +various reviews, and for Raoul Nathan's gazette. He lived on rue des +Martyrs, and was Madame Schontz's lover. He obtained by some intrigue +a deputyship at Sancerre; carried on a long liaison with Dinah de la +Baudraye; just escaped a marriage with Madame Berthier, then Felicie +Cardot; was father of Madame de la Baudraye's children, and spoke as +follows concerning the birth of the eldest: "Madame la Baronne de la +Baudraye is happily delivered of a child; M. Etienne Lousteau has the +honor of announcing it." During this liaison, Lousteau, for the sum of +five hundred francs, gave to Fabien du Ronceret a discourse to be read +at a horticultural exhibition, for which the latter was decorated. He +attended a house-warming at Mademoiselle Brisetout's, rue Chauchat; +asked Dinah and Nathan for the purpose or moral of the "Prince of +Bohemia." Lousteau's manner of living underwent little change when +Madame de la Baudraye left him. He heard Maitre Desroches recount one +of Cerizet's adventures, saw Madame Marneffe marry Crevel, took charge +of the "Echo de la Bievre," and undertook the management of a theatre +with Ridal, the author of vaudevilles. [A Distinguished Provincial at +Paris. A Bachelor's Establishment. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. A +Daughter of Eve. Beatrix. The Muse of the Department. Cousin Betty. A +Prince of Bohemia. A Man of Business. The Middle Classes. The +Unconscious Humorists.] + +LUIGIA, young and beautiful Roman girl of the suburbs, wife of +Benedetto, who claimed the right of selling her. She tried to kill +herself at the same time she killed him, but did not succeed. Charles +de Sallenauve--Dorlange--protected her, taking care of her when she +became a widow, and made her his housekeeper in 1839. Luigia soon left +her benefactor, the voice of slander having accused them in their +mutually innocent relations. [The Member for Arcis.] + +LUPEAULX (Clement Chardin des), officer and politician, born about +1785; left in good circumstances by his father; who was ennobled by +Louis XV., his coat-of-arms showing "a ferocious wolf of sable bearing +a lamb in its jaws," with this motto: "En lupus in historia." A shrewd +and ambitious man, ready for all enterprises, even the most +compromising, Clement des Lupeaulx knew how to make himself of service +to Louis XVIII. in several delicate undertakings. Many influential +members of the aristocracy placed in his hands their difficult +business and their lawsuits. He served thus as mediator between the +Duc de Navarreins and Polydore Milaud de la Baudraye, and attained a +kind of mightiness that Annette seemed to fear would be disastrous to +Charles Grandet. He accumulated duties and ranks, was master of +petitions in the Council of State, secretary-general to the minister +of finance, colonel in the National Guard, government commissioner in +a joint-stock company; also provided with an inspectorship in the +king's house, he became Chevalier de Saint-Louis and officer of the +Legion of Honor. An open follower of Voltaire, but an attendant at +mass, at all times a Bertrand in pursuit of a Raton, egotistic and +vain, a glutton and a libertine, this man of intellect, sought after +in all social circles, a kind of minister's "household drudge," openly +lived, until 1825, a life of pleasure and anxiety, striving for +political success and love conquests. As mistresses he is known to +have had Esther van Gobseck, Flavie Colleville; perhaps, even, the +Marquise d'Espard. He was seen at the Opera ball in the winter of +1824, at which Lucien de Rubempre reappeared. The close of this year +brought about considerable change in the Secretary-General's affairs. +Crippled by debt, and in the power of Gobseck, Bidault and Mitral, he +was forced to give up one of the treasury departments to Isidore +Baudoyer, despite his personal liking for Rabourdin. He gained as a +result of this stroke a coronet and a deputyship. He had ambitions for +a peerage, the title of gentleman of the king's chamber, a membership +in the Academy of Inscriptions and Belles-lettres, and the commander's +cross. [The Muse of the Department. Eugenie Grandet. A Bachelor's +Establishment. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. The Government +Clerks. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Ursule Mirouet.] + +LUPEAULX (Des), nephew of the preceding, and, thanks to him, appointed +sub-prefect of Ville-aux-Fayes, Bourgogne, in 1821, in the department +presided over successively by Martial de la Roche-Hugon and Casteran. +As Gaubertin's prospective son-in-law, M. des Lupeaulx, espousing the +cause of his fiancee's family, was instrumental in disgusting +Montcornet, owner of Aigues, with his property. [The Peasantry.] + +LUPIN, born in 1778, son of the last steward of the Soulanges in +Bourgogne; in time he became manager of the domain, notary and deputy +mayor of the city of Soulanges. Although married and a man of family, +M. Lupin, still in excellent physical condition, was, in 1823, a +brilliant figure in Madame Soudry's reception-room, where he was known +for his tenor voice and his extreme gallantries--the latter +characteristic being proved by two liaisons carried on with two +middle-class women, Madame Sarcus, wife of Sarcus the Rich, and +Euphemie Plissoud. [The Peasantry.] + +LUPIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, called "Bebelle;" only daughter +of a salt-merchant enriched by the Revolution; had a platonic +affection for the chief clerk, Bonnac. Madame Lupin was fat, awkward, +of very ordinary appearance, and weak intellectually. On account of +these characteristics Lupin and the Soudry adherents neglected her. +[The Peasantry.] + +LUPIN (Amaury), only son of the preceding couple, perhaps the lover of +Adeline Sarcus, who became Madame Adolphe Sibilet; was on the point of +marrying one of Gaubertin's daughters, the same one, doubtless, that +was wooed and won by M. des Lupeaulx. In the midst of this liaison and +of these matrimonial designs, Amaury Lupin was sent to Paris in 1822 +by his father to study the notary's profession with Maitre Crottat, +where he had for a companion another clerk, Georges Marest, with whom +he committed some indiscretions and went into debt. Amaury went with +his friend to the Lion d'Argent, rue d'Enghien in the Saint-Denis +section, when Marest took Pierrotin's carriage to Isle-Adam. On the +way they met Oscar Husson, and made fun of him. The following year +Amaury Lupin returned to Soulanges in Bourgogne. [The Peasantry. A +Start in Life.] + + + +M + +MACHILLOT (Madame), kept in Paris, in 1838, in the Notre Dame-des +Champs neighborhood, a modest restaurant, which was patronized by +Godefroid on account of its nearness to Bourlac's house. [The Seamy +Side of History.] + +MACUMER (Felipe Henarez, Baron de), Spanish descendant of the Moors, +about whom much information has been furnished by Talleyrand; had a +right to names and titles as follows: Henarez, Duc de Soria, Baron de +Macumer. He never used all of them; for his entire youth was a +succession of sacrifices, misfortunes and undue trials. Macumer, a +leading Spanish revolutionist of 1823, saw fortune turn against him. +Ferdinand VII., once more enthroned, recognized him as constitutional +minister, but never forgave him for his assumption of power. Seeing +his property confiscated and himself banished, he took refuge in +Paris, where he took poor lodgings on rue Hillerin-Bertin and began to +teach Spanish for a living, notwithstanding he was Baron de Sardaigne +with large estates and a place at Sassari. Macumer also suffered many +heart-aches. He vainly loved a woman who was beloved by his own +brother. His brother's passion being reciprocated, Macumer sacrificed +himself for their happiness. Under the simple name of Henarez, Macumer +was the instructor of Armande-Marie-Louise de Chaulieu, whom he did +not woo in vain. He married her, March, 1825. At various times the +baron occupied or owned Chantepleurs, a chateau Nivernais, a house on +rue du Bac, and La Crampade, Louis de l'Estorate's residence in +Provence. The foolish, annoying jealousy of Madame de Macumer +embittered his life and was responsible for his physical break-down. +Idolized by his wife, in spite of his marked plainness, he died in +1829. [Letters of Two brides.] + +MACUMER (Baronne de). (See Gaston, Madame Marie.) + +MADELEINE, first name of Madeleine Vinet, by which she was called +while employed as a domestic. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Cousin +Pons.] + +MADOU (Angelique), woman of the masses, fat but spry; although +ignorant, very shrewd in her business of selling dried fruit. At the +beginning of the Restoration she lived in Paris on rue Perrin- +Gasselin, where she fell prey to the usurer Bidault--Gigonnet. +Angelique Madou at first dealt harshly with Cesar Birotteau, when he +was unable to pay his debts; but she congratulated him, later on, +when, as a result of his revived fortunes, the perfumer settled every +obligation. Angelique Madon had a little godchild, in whom she +occasionally showed much interest. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +MAGNAN (Prosper), of Beauvais, son of a widow, chief-surgeon's +assistant; executed in 1799 at Andernach on the banks of the Rhine, +being the innocent victim of circumstantial evidence, which condemned +him for the double crime of robbery and murder--this crime having, in +reality, been committed by his comrade, Jean-Frederic-Taillefer, who +escaped punishment. [The Red Inn.] + +MAGNAN (Madame), mother of the preceding, lived at Beauvais, where she +died a short time after her son's death, and previous to the arrival +of Hermann, who was bearing her a letter from Prosper. [The Red Inn.] + +MAGUS (Elie), Flemish Jew, Dutch-Belgian descent, born in 1770. He +lived now at Bordeaux, now at Paris; was a merchant of costly +articles, such as pictures, diamonds and curiosities. By his influence +Madame Luigi Porta, born Ginevra di Piombo, obtained from a print- +seller a position as colorist. Madame Evangelista engaged him to +estimate the value of her jewels. He bought a copy of Rubens from +Joseph Bridau and some Flemish subjects from Pierre Grassou, selling +them later to Vervelli as genuine Rembrandts or Teniers; he arranged +for the marriage of the artist with the cork-maker's daughter. Very +wealthy, and having retired from business in 1835, he left his house +on the Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle to occupy an old dwelling on Chaussee +des Minimes, now called rue de Bearn. He took with him his treasures, +his daughter, Noemi, and Abramko as a guard for his property. Eli +Magus was still living in 1845, when he had just acquired, in a +somewhat dishonorable manner, a number of superb paintings from +Sylvain Pons' collection. [The Vendetta. A Marriage Settlement. A +Bachelor's Establishment. Pierre Grassou. Cousin Pons.] + +MAHOUDEAU (Madame), in 1840, in company with Madame Cardinal, her +friend, created a disturbance during one of Bobino's performances at a +small theatre near the Luxembourg, where Olympe Cardinal was playing. +While playing the "jeune premiere" she was recognized by her mother. +[The Middle Classes.] + +MAHUCHET (Madame), women's shoemaker, "a very foul-mouthed woman," in +the language of Madame Nourrisson; mother of seven children. After +having dunned a countess, to no avail, for a hundred francs that was +due her, she conceived the idea of carrying off the silverware, on +display at a grand dinner to be given by her debtor one evening, as a +pledge. She promptly returned, however, the silver she had taken, upon +finding that it was white metal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +MALAGA, surname of Marguerite Turquet. + +MALASSIS (Jeanne), from the country, a servant of Pingret, who was an +avaricious and wealthy old peasant of the suburbs of Limoges. Mortally +injured while hastening to the assistance of her master, who was +robbed and murdered, she was the second victim of J.-F. Tascheron. +[The Country Parson.] + +MALFATTI, Venetian doctor; in 1820 called into consultation with one +of his fellow-physicians in France, concerning the sickness of the Duc +Cataneo. [Massimilla Doni.] + +MALIN. (See Gondreville.) + +MALLET, policeman in the department of Orne in 1809. Ordered to find +and arrest Madame Bryond des Minieres, he let her escape, by means of +an agreement with his comrade, Ratel, who was to have aided in her +capture. Having been imprisoned for this deed, Mallet was declared by +Bourlac deserving of capital punishment, and was put to death the same +year. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +MALVAUT (Jenny). (See Derville, Madame.) + +MANCINI (De), Italian, fair, effeminate, madly beloved by La Marana, +who had by him a daughter, Juana-Pepita-Maria de Mancini, later Madame +Diard. [The Maranas.] + +MANCINI (Juana-Pepita-Maria de). (See Diard, Madame.) + +MANERVILLE (De), born in 1731; Norman gentleman to whom the governor +of Guyenne, Richelieu, married one of the wealthiest Bordeaux +heiresses. He purchased a commission as major of the Gardes de la +Porte, in the latter part of Louis XV.'s reign; had by his wife a son, +Paul, who was reared with austerity; emigrated, at the outbreak of the +Revolution, to Martinique, but managed to save his property, Lanstrac, +etc., thanks to Maitre Mathias, head-clerk of the notary. He became a +widower in 1810, three years before his death. [A Marriage +Settlement.] + +MANERVILLE (Paul Francois-Joseph, Comte de), son of the preceding, +born in 1794, received his education in the college at Vendome, +finishing his work there in 1810, the year of his mother's death. He +passed three years at Bordeaux with his father, who had become +overbearing and avaricious; when left an orphan, he inherited a large +fortune, including Lanstrac in Gironde, and a house in Paris, rue de +la Pepiniere. He spent six years in Europe as a diplomat, passing his +vacations in Paris, where he was intimate with Henri de Marsay, and +was a lover of Paquita Valdes. There he was subject to the trifling of +Madame Charles de Vandenesse, then Emilie de Fontaine; also, perhaps, +met Lucien de Rubempre. In the winter of 1821 he returned to Bordeaux, +where he was a social leader. Paul de Manerville received the +appropriate nick-name of "le fleur des pois." Despite the good advice +of his two devoted friends, Maitre Mathias and Marsay, he asked, +through the instrumentality of his great-aunt, Madame de Maulincour, +for the hand of Natalie Evangelista in marriage, and obtained it. +After being wedded five years, he was divorced from his wife and +sailed for Calcutta under the name of Camille, one of his mother's +given names. [The Thirteen. The Ball at Sceaux. Lost Illusions. A +Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Marriage Settlement.] + +MANERVILLE (Comtesse Paul de), wife of the preceding, born +Mademoiselle Natalie Evangelista, non-lineal descendant of the Duke of +Alva, related also to the Claes. Having been spoiled as a child, and +being of a sharp, domineering nature, she robbed her husband without +impoverishing him. She was a leader at Paris as well as at Bordeaux. +As the mistress of Felix de Vandenesse she disliked his dedication to +a story, for in it he praised Madame de Mortsauf. Later, in company +with Lady Dudley and Mesdames d'Espard, Charles de Vandernesse and de +Listomere, she attempted to compromise the Comtesse Felix de +Vandenesse, recently married, with Raoul Nathan. [A Marriage +Settlement. The Lily of the Valley. A Daughter of Eve.] + +MANETTE, under the Restoration at Clochegourde in Touraine, the +Comtesse de Mortsauf's housekeeper, taking her mother's place in the +care of her young master and mistress, Jacques and Madeleine de +Mortsauf. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +MANON. (See Godard, Manon.) + +MANON-LA-BLONDE, during the last years of the Restoration a Paris +prostitute, who fell violently in love with Theodore Calvi, became a +receiver of stolen goods, brought to her by the companion of Jacques +Collin, who committed murder also, at the time of the robbery; she +thus became the indirect or involuntary cause of the Corsican's +arrest. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +MANSEAU (Pere), tavern-keeper at Echelles, a town in Savoie, gave aid +to La Fosseuse, in her poverty, and sheltered this unfortunate woman +in a barn. La Fosseuse became the protegee of Doctor Benassis. [The +Country Doctor.] + +MARANA (La), the last of a long series of prostitutes bearing the same +name; natural descendant of the Herouvilles. She was known to have had +more than one distinguished lover: Mancini, the Duc de Lina, and a +king of Naples. She was notorious in Venice, Milan and Naples. She had +by Mancini one child, whom he acknowledged, Juana-Pepita-Maria, and +had her reared in good morals by the Lagounias, who were under +obligations to her. Upon going to seek her daughter in Tarragone, +Spain, she surprised the girl in company with Montefiore, but scorned +to take vengeance upon him. She accepted as husband of the young girl +M. Diard, who had asked for her hand. In 1823, when she was dying in +the hospital at Bordeaux, Marana once more saw her daughter, still +virtuous, although unhappy. [The Hated Son. The Maranas.] + +MARCAS (Zephirin), born about 1803 in a Bretagne family at Vitre. In +after life he supported his parents who were in poor circumstances. He +received a free education in a seminary, but had no inclination for +the priesthood. Carrying hardly any money he went to Paris, in 1823 or +1824, and after studying with a lawyer became his chief clerk. Later +he studied men and objects in five capitals: London, Berlin, Vienna, +St. Petersburg and Constantinople. For five years he was a journalist, +and reported the proceedings of the "Chambres." He often visited R. de +la Palferine. With women he proved to be of the passionate-timid kind. +With the head of a lion, and a strong voice, he was equal as an orator +to Berryer, and the superior of M. Thiers. For a long time he supplied +the political ability needed by a deputy who had become a minister, +but, convinced of his disloyalty, he overthrew him, only to restore +him for a short time. He once more entered into polemical controversy; +saw the newspapers which had sparkled with his forceful, high-minded +criticism die; and lived miserably upon a daily allowance of thirty +sous, earned by copying for the Palais. Marcas lived at that time, +1836, in the garret of a furnished house on rue Corneille. His +thankless debtor, become minister again, sought him anew. Had it not +been for the hearty attention of his young neighbors, Rabourdin and +Juste, who furnished him with some necessary clothing, and aided him +at Humann's expense, Marcas would not have taken advantage of the new +opportunity that was offered him. His new position lasted but a short +time. The third fall of the government hastened that of Marcas. Lodged +once more on rue Corneille he was taken with a nervous fever. The +sickness increased and finally carried away this unrecognized genius. +Z. Marcas was buried in a common grave in Montparnasse cemetery, +January, 1838. [A Prince of Bohemia. Z. Marcas.] + +MARCHAND (Victor), son of a Parisian grocer, infantry-major during the +campaign of 1808, a lover of Clara Leganes, to whom he was under +obligation; tried, without success, to marry this girl of the Spanish +nobility, who preferred to suffer the most horrible of deaths, +decapitation by the hand of her own brother. [El Verdugo.] + +MARCHE-A-TERRE. (See Leroi, Pierre.) + +MARCILLAC (Madame de). Thanks to some acquaintances of the old regime, +whom she had kept, and to her relationship with the Rastignacs, with +whom she lived quietly, she found the means of introducing to Claire +de Beauseant, Chevalier de Rastignac, her well-beloved grand-nephew-- +about 1819. [Father Goriot.] + +MARCOSINI (Count Andrea), born in 1807 at Milan; although an +aristocrat he took temporary refuge in Paris as a liberal; a wealthy +and handsome poet; took his period of exile in 1834 in good spirits. +He was received on terms of friendship by Mesdames d'Espard and Paul +de Manerville. On the rue Froidmanteau he was constantly in pursuit of +Marianina Gambara; at the Italian Giardini's "table-d'hote" he +discussed musical topics and spoke of "Robert le Diable." For five +years he kept Paolo Gambara's wife as his mistress; then he gave her +up to marry an Italian dancer. [Gambara.] + +MARECHAL, under the Restoration an attorney at Ville-aux-Fayes, +Bourgogne, Montcornet's legal adviser, helped by his recommendation to +have Sibilet appointed steward of Aigues in 1817. [The Peasantry.] + +MARESCHAL, supervisor in the college of Vendome in 1811, when Louis +Lambert became a student in this educational institution. [Louis +Lambert.] + +MAREST (Frederic), born about 1802, son of a rich lumber-merchant's +widow, cousin of Georges Marest; attorney's clerk in Paris, November, +1825; lover of Florentine Cabirolle, who was maintained by Cardot; +made the acquaintance at Maitre Desroches' of Oscar Husson, and took +him to a fete given by Mademoiselle Cabirolle on rue de Vendome, where +his friend foolishly compromised himself. [A Start in Life.] Frederic +Marest, in 1838, having become an examining magistrate in the public +prosecutor's office in Paris, had to examine Auguste de Mergi, who was +charged with having committed robbery to the detriment of Doctor +Halpersohn. [The Seamy Side of History.] The following year, while +acting as king's solicitor at Arcis-sur-Aube, Frederic Marest, still +unmarried and very corpulent, became acquainted with Martener's sons, +Goulard, Michu and Vinet, and visited the Beauvisage and Mallot +families. [The Member for Arcis.] + +MAREST (Georges), cousin of the preceding, son of the senior member of +a large Parisian hardware establishment on rue Saint-Martin. He +became, in 1822, the second clerk of a Parisian notary, Maitre A. +Crottat. He had then as a comrade in study and in pleasure Amaury +Lupin. At this time Marest's vanity made itself absurdly apparent in +Pierrotin's coach, which did service in the valley of Oise; he hoaxed +Husson, amused Bridau and Lora, and vexed the Comte de Serizy. Three +years later Georges Marest had become the chief clerk of Leopold +Hannequin. He lost by debauchery a fortune amounting to thirty +thousand francs a year, and died a plain insurance-broker. [The +Peasantry. A Start in Life.] + +MARGARITIS, of Italian origin, took up his residence in Vouvray in +1831, an old man of deranged mind, most eccentric of speech, and who +pretended to be a vine-grower. He was induced by Vernier to hoax the +famous traveler, Gaudissart, during a business trip of the latter. +[Gaudissart the Great.] + +MARGARITIS (Madame), wife of the insane Margaritis. She kept him near +her for the sake of economy, and made amends to the deceived +Gaudissart. [Gaudissart the Great.] + +MARGUERON, wealthy citizen of Beaumont-sur-Oise, under Louis XVIII., +wished his son to be tax-collector of the district in which he himself +owned the farm lying next to the property of Serizy at Presles, and +which he had leased to Leger. [A Start in Life.] + +MARIANNE, during the Restoration, servant of Sophie Gamard at Tours. +[The Vicar of Tours.] + +MARIANNE, served with Gaucher in Michu's house, October, 1803, in the +district of Arcis-sur-Aube, at Cinq-Cygne. She served her master with +discretion and fidelity. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +MARIAST, owned No. 22 rue da la Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve, Paris, and +let it to Messieurs of d'Espard during nearly the whole period of the +Restoration. [The Commission in Lunacy.] + +MARIE DES ANGES (Mere), born in 1762, Jacques Bricheteau's aunt, +superior of the Ursuline convent at Arcis-sur-Aube, saved from the +guillotine by Danton, had the fifth of April of each year observed +with a mass in her nephew's behalf, and, under Louis Philippe, +protected the descendant of a celebrated Revolutionist, Charles de +Sallenauve; her influence gave him the position of deputy of the +district. [The Member for Arcis.] + +MARIETTE. (See Godeschal, Marie.) + +MARIETTE, born in 1798; from 1817 in the service of the Wattevilles of +Besancon; was under Louis Philippe, despite her extreme homeliness, +and on account of the money she had saved, courted by Jerome, a +servant of Albert Savarus. Mademoiselle de Watteville, who was in love +with the lawyer, used Mariette and Jerome to her own advantage. +[Albert Savarus.] + +MARIETTE, in 1816, cook in the employ of Mademoiselle Cormon, of +Alencon; sometimes received advice from M. du Ronceret; an ordinary +kitchen-maid in the same household, when her mistress became Madame du +Bousquier. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +MARIETTE, was in the employ of La Fosseuse, towards the end of the +Restoration, in the village over which Benassis was mayor. [The +Country Doctor.] + +MARIGNY (Duchesse de), much sought after in the Saint-Germain section; +related to the Navarreins and the Grandlieus; a woman of experience +and good at giving advice; real head of her house; died in 1819. [The +Thirteen.] + +MARIGNY[*] (De), son of the preceding, harebrained, but attractive, +had an attachment for Madame Keller, a middle-class lady of the +Chaussee-d'Antin. [The Thirteen.] + +[*] During the last century the Marignys owned, before the Verneuils, + Rosembray, an estate where a great hunt brought together, 1829, + Cadignan, Chaulieu, Canalis, Mignon, etc. + +MARIN, in 1839, at Cinq-Cygne, in the district of Arcis-sur-Aube, +first valet of Georges de Maufrigneuse and protector of Anicette. [The +Member for Arcis.] + +MARION of Arcis, grandson of a steward in the employ of Simeuse; +brother-in-law of Madame Marion, born Giguet. He had the confidence of +Malin, acquired for him the Gondreville property, and became a lawyer +in Aube, then president of an Imperial court. [The Gondreville +Mystery. The Member for Arcis.] + +MARION, brother of the preceding and brother-in-law of Colonel Giguet, +whose sister became his wife. Through Malin's influence, he became +co-receiver-general of Aube, with Sibuelle as his colleague. [The +Gondreville Mystery. The Member for Arcis.] + +MARION (Madame), wife of the preceding, Colonel Giguet's sister. She +was on intimate terms with Malin de Gondreville. After her husband's +death she returned to her native country, Arcis, where her parlor was +frequented by many guests. Under Louis Philippe, Madame Marion exerted +her powers in behalf of Simon Giguet, the Colonel's son. [The Member +for Arcis.] + +MARION. (See Kolb, Madame.) + +MARIOTTE, of Auxerre, a rival of the wealthy Gaubertin in contracting +for the forest lands of that portion of Bourgogne in which Aigues, the +large estate of Montcornet, was situated. [The Peasantry.] + +MARIOTTE (Madame), of Auxerre, mother of the preceding, in 1823, had +Mademoiselle Courtecuisse in her service. [The Peasantry.] + +MARIUS, the cognomen, become hereditary, of a native of Toulouse, who +established himself as a Parisian hair-dresser and was thus nick-named +by the Chevalier de Parny, one of his patrons, in the early part of +the nineteenth century. He handed down this name of Marius as a kind +of permanent property to his successors. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +MARMUS (Madame), wife of a savant, who was an officer in the Legion of +Honor and a member of the Institute. They lived together on rue +Duguay-Trouin in Paris, and were (in 1840) on intimate terms with +Zelie Minard. [The Middle Classes.] + +MARMUS, husband of the preceding and noted for his absent-mindedness. +[The Middle Classes.] + +MARNEFFE (Jean-Paul-Stanislas), born in 1794, employed in the War +Department. In 1833, while a mere clerk living on twelve hundred +francs a year, he married Mademoiselle Valerie Fortin. Having become +as unprincipled as a convict, under the patronage of Baron Hulot, his +wife's paramour, he left rue du Doyenne to install himself in luxury +in the Saint-Germain section, and later became head-clerk, assistant +chief, and chief of the bureau, chevalier, then officer of the Legion +of Honor. Jean-Paul-Stanislas Marneffe, decayed physically as well as +morally, died in May, 1842. [Cousin Betty.] + +MARNEFFE[*] (Madame). (See Crevel, Madame Celestin.) + +[*] n 1849, at Paris, Clairville produced upon the stage of the + Gymnase-Dramatique, the episodes in the life of Madame Marneffe, + somewhat modified, under the double title, "Madame Marneffe, or + the Prodigal Father" (a vaudeville drama in five acts). + +MARNEFFE (Stanislas), legal son of the preceding couple, suffered from +scrofula, much neglected by his parents. [Cousin Betty.] + +MAROLLES (Abbe de), an old priest, who lived towards the close of the +eighteenth century. Having escaped in September, 1792, from the +massacre of the Carmelite convent, now a small chapel on rue de +Vaugirard, he concealed himself in the upper Saint-Martin district, +near the German Highway. He had under his protection, at this time, +two nuns, who were in as great danger as he, Sister Marthe and Sister +Agathe. On January 22, 1793, and on January 21, 1794, the Abbe de +Marolles, in their presence, said masses for the repose of Louis +XVI.'s soul, having been asked to do so by the executioner of the +"martyr-king," whose presence at mass the Abbe knew nothing of until +January 25, 1794, when he was so informed at the corner of rue des +Frondeurs by Citizen Ragou. [An Episode under the Terror.] + +MARONIS (Abbe de), a priest of great genius, who would have been +another Borgia, had he worn the tiara. He was Henri de Marsay's +teacher, and made of him a complete skeptic, in a period when the +churches were closed. The Abbe de Maronis died a bishop in 1812. [The +Thirteen.] + +MARRON, under the Restoration, a physician at Marsac, Charente; nephew +of the Cure Marron. He married his daughter to Postel, a pharmacist of +Augouleme. He was intimate with the family of David Sechard. [Lost +Illusions. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +MARSAY (De), immoral old gentleman. To oblige Lord Dudley he married +one of the former's mistresses and recognized their son as his own. +For this favor he received a hundred thousand francs per year for +life, money which he soon threw away in evil company. He confided the +child to his old sister, Mademoiselle de Marsay, and died, as he had +lived, away from his wife. [The Thirteen.] + +MARSAY (Madame de). (See Vordac, Marquise de.) + +MARSAY (Mademoiselle de), sister-in-law of the preceding, took care of +her son, Henri, and treated him so well that she was greatly mourned +by him when she died advanced in years. [The Thirteen.] + +MARSAY (Henri de), born between 1792 and 1796, son of Lord Dudley and +the celebrated Marquise de Vordac, who was first united in marriage to +the elder De Marsay. This gentleman adopted the boy, thus becoming, +according to law, his father. The young Henri was reared by +Mademoiselle de Marsay and the Abbe de Maronis. He was on intimate +terms, in 1815, with Paul de Manerville, and was already one of the +all powerful Thirteen, with Bourignard, Montriveau and Ronquerolles. +At that time he found on rue Saint-Lazare a girl from Lesbosen, +Paquita Valdes, whom he wished to make his mistress. He met at the +same time his own natural sister, Madame de San-Real, of whom he +became the rival for Paquita's love. At first Marsay had been the +lover of the Duchesse Charlotte, then of Arabelle Dudley, whose +children were his very image. He was also known to be intimate with +Delphine de Nucingen up to 1819, then with Diane de Cadignan. In his +position as member of the Thirteen Henri was in Montriveau's party +when Antoinette de Langeais was stolen from the Carmelites. He bought +Coralie for sixty thousand francs. He passed the whole of his time +during the Restoration in the company of young men and women. He was +the companion and counselor of Victurnien d'Esgrignon, Savinien de +Portenduere and above all of Paul de Manerville, whose course he +vainly tried to direct after an ill-appointed marriage, and to whom he +announced, as soon as possible, his own union. Marsay aided Lucien de +Rubempre and served for him, with Rastignac, as second in a duel with +Michel Chrestien. The Chaulieu and Fontaine women feared or admired +Henri de Marsay--a man who was slighted by M. de Canalis, the much +toasted poet. The Revolution of July, 1830, made Marsay a man of no +little importance. He, however, was content to tell over his old love +affairs gravely in the home of Felicite des Touches. As prime minister +from 1832 to 1833, he was an habitue of the Princesse de Cadignan's +Legitimist salon, where he served as a screen for the last Vendean +insurrection. There, indeed, Marsay brought to light the secrets, +already old, of Malin's kidnapping. Marsay died in 1834, a physical +wreck, having but a short time before, when Nathan was courting Marie +de Vandenesse, taken part in the intrigue, although he was disgusted +with the author. [The Thirteen. The Unconscious Humorists. Another +Study of Woman. The Lily of the Valley. Father Goriot. Jealousies of a +Country Town. Ursule Mirouet. A Marriage Settlement. Lost Illusions. A +Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Letters of Two Brides. The Ball at +Sceaux. Modeste Mignon. The Secrets of a Princess. The Gondreville +Mystery. A Daughter of Eve.] + +MARTAINVILLE (Alphonse-Louis-Dieudonne), publicist and dramatic +writer, born at Cadiz, in 1776, of French parents, died August 27, +1830. He was an extreme Royalist and, as such, in 1821 and 1822, threw +away his advice and support on Lucien de Rubempre, then a convert to +Liberalism. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] + +MARTENER, well-educated old man who lived in Provins under the +Restoration. He explained to the archaeologist, Desfondrilles, who +consulted him, the reason why Europe, disdaining the waters of +Provins, sought Spa, where the waters were less efficacious, according +to French medical advice. [Pierrette.] + +MARTENER, son of the preceding; physician at Provins in 1827, capable +man, simple and gentle. He married Madame Guenee's second daughter. +When consulted one day by Mademoiselle Habert, he spoke against the +marriage of virgins at forty, and thus filled Sylvie Rogron with +despair. He protected and cared for Pierrette Lorrain, the victim of +this same old maid. [Pierrette.] + +MARTENER (Madame), wife of the preceding, second daughter of Madame +Guenee, and sister of Madame Auffray. Having taken pity on Pierrette +Lorrain in her sickness, she gave to her, in 1828, the pleasures of +music, playing the compositions of Weber, Beethoven or Herold. +[Pierrette.] + +MARTENER, son of the preceding couple, protege of Vinet the elder, +honest and thick-headed. He was, in 1839, examining magistrate at +Arcis-sur-Aube and caucused, during the election season in the spring +of this same year, with the officers, Michu, Goulard, O. Vinet and +Marest. [The Member for Arcis.] + +MARTHA was for a long time the faithful chambermaid of Josephine +Claes; she died in old age between 1828 and 1830. [The Quest for the +Absolute.] + +MARTHE (Sister), a Gray sister of Auvergne; from 1809 to 1816 +instructed Veronique Sauviat--Madame Graslin--in reading, writing, +sacred history, the Old and the New Testaments, the Catechism, the +elements of arithmetic. [The Country Parson.] + +MARTHE (Sister), born Beauseant, in 1730, a nun in the Abbey of +Chelles, fled with Sister Agathe (nee Langeais) and the Abbe de +Marolles to a poor lodging in the upper Saint-Martin district. On +January 22, 1793, she went to a pastry-cook near Saint Laurent to get +the wafers necessary for a mass for the repose of Louis XVI.'s soul. +At this ceremony she was present, as was also the man who had executed +the King. The following year, January 21, 1794, this same ceremony was +repeated exactly. She passed these two years of the Terror under +Mucius Scoevola's protection. [An Episode under the Terror.] + +MARTHE (Sister), in the convent of the Carmelites at Blois, knew two +young women, Mesdames de l'Estorade and Gaston. [Letters of Two +Brides.] + +MARTIN, a woman of a Dauphine village, of which Doctor Benassis was +mayor, kept the hospital children for three francs and a bar of soap +each month. She was, possibly, the first person in the country seen by +Genestas-Bluteau, and also the first to impart knowledge to him. [The +Country Doctor.] + +MARTINEAU, name of two brothers employed by M. de Mortsauf in +connection with his farms in Touraine. The elder was at first a farm- +hand, then a steward; the younger, a warden. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +MARTINEAU, son of one of the two Martineau brothers. [The Lily of the +Valley.] + +MARTY (Jean-Baptiste), actor of melodrama, employe or manager of the +Gaite, before and after the Paris fire of 1836; born in 1779, +celebrated during the Restoration; in 1819 and 1820 he played in +"Mont-Sauvage," a play warmly applauded by Madame Vauquer. This woman +was accompanied to the theatre on the Boulevard du Crime, by her rue +Nueve-Sainte-Genevieve lodger, Jacques Collin, called also Vautrin, on +the evening before his arrest. [Father Goriot.] Marty died, at an +advanced age, in 1868, a chevalier in the Legion of Honor, after +having been for many years mayor of Charenton. + +MARVILLE (De). (See Camusot.) + +MARY, an Englishwoman in the family of Louis de l'Estorade during the +Restoration and under Louis Philippe. [Letters of Two Brides. The +Member for Arcis.] + +MASSIN-LEVRAULT, junior, son of a poor locksmith of Montargis, grand- +nephew of Doctor Denis Minoret, as a result of his marriage with a +Levrault-Minoret; father of three girls, Pamela, Aline, and Madame +Goupil. He bought the office of clerk to the justice of peace in +Nemours, January, 1815, and lived at first with his family in the good +graces of Doctor Minoret, through whom his sister became postmistress +at Nemours. Massin-Levrault, junior, was one of the indirect +persecutors of Ursule de Portenduere. He became a minicipal councilor +after July, 1830, began to lend money to the laboring people at +exorbitant rates of interest, and finally developed into a confirmed +usurer. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +MASSIN-LEVRAULT (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Levrault- +Minoret in 1793, grand-niece of Doctor Denis Minoret on the maternal +side; her father was a victim of the campaign in France. She strove in +every way possible to win the affections of her wealthy uncle, and was +one of Ursule de Portenduere's persecutors. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +MASSOL, native of Carcassonne, licentiate in law and editor of the +"Gazette des Tribunaux" in May, 1830. Without knowing their +relationship he brought together Jacqueline and Jacques Collin, a +boarder at the Concierge, and, acting under Granville's orders, in his +journal attributed Lucien de Rubembre's suicidal death to the rupture +of a tumor. A Republican, through the lack of the particle /de/ before +his name, and very ambitious, he was, in 1834, the associate of Raoul +Nathan in the publication of a large journal, and sought to make a +tool of the poet-founder of this paper. In company with Stidmann, +Steinbock and Claude Vignon, Massol was a witness of the second +marriage of Valerie Marneffe. In 1845, having become a councilor of +state and president of a section, he supported Jenny Cadine. He was +then charged with the administrative lawsuit of S.-P. Gozonal. [Scenes +from a Courtesan's Life. The Magic Skin. A Daughter of Eve. Cousin +Betty. The Unconscious Humorists.] + +MASSON, friend of Maitre Desroches, an attorney, to whom, upon the +latter's advice, Lucien de Rubempre hastened, when Coralie's furniture +was attached, in 1821. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] + +MASSON (Publicola), born in 1795, the best known chiropodist in Paris, +a radical Republican of the Marat type, even resembled the latter +physically; counted Leon de Lora among his customers. [The Unconscious +Humorists.] + +MATHIAS, born in 1753. He started as third clerk to a Bordeaux notary, +Chesneau, whom he succeeded. He married, but lost his wife in 1826. He +had one son on the bench, and a married daughter. He was a good +example of the old-fashioned country magistrate, and gave out his +enlightened opinions to two generations of Manervilles. [A Marriage +Settlement.] + +MATHILDE (La Grande), on terms of friendship with Jenny Courand in +Paris, under the reign of Louis Philippe. [Gaudissart the Great.] + +MATHURINE, a cook, spiritual and upright, first in the employ of the +Bishop of Nancy, but later given a place on rue Vaneau, Paris, with +Valerie Marneffe, by Lisbeth, a relative of the former on her mother's +side. [Cousin Betty.] + +MATIFAT, a wealthy druggist on rue des Lombards, Paris, at the +beginning of the nineteenth century; kept the "Reine des Roses," which +later was handled by Ragon and Birotteau; typical member of the middle +classes, narrow in views and pleased with himself, vulgar in language +and, perhaps, in action. He married and had a daughter, whom he took, +with his wife, to the celebrated ball tendered by Cesar Birotteau on +rue Saint-Honore, Sunday, December 17, 1818. As a friend of the +Collevilles, Thuilliers and Saillards, Matifat obtained for them +invitations from Cesar Birotteau. In 1821 he supported on rue de Bondy +an actress, who was shortly transferred from the Panorama to the +Gymnase-Dramatique. Although called Florine, her true name was Sophie +Grignault, and she became subsequently Madame Nathan. J.-J. Bixiou and +Madame Desroches visited Matifat frequently during the year 1826, +sometimes on rue du Cherche-Midi, sometimes in the suburbs of Paris. +Having become a widower, Matifat remarried under Louis Philippe, and +retired from business. He was a silent partner in the theatre directed +by Gaudissart. [Cesar Birotteau. A Bachelor's Establishment. Lost +Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. The Firm of Nucingen. +Cousin Pons.] + +MATIFAT (Madame), first wife of the preceding, a woman who wore a +turban and gaudy colors. She shone, under the Restoration, in +bourgeois circles and died probably during the reign of Louis +Philippe. [Cesar Birotteau. The Firm of Nucingen.] + +MATIFAT (Mademoiselle), daughter of the preceding couple, attended the +Birotteau ball, was sought in marriage by Adolphe Cochin and Maitre +Desroches; married General Baron Gouraud, a poor man much her elder, +bringing to him a dowry of fifty thousand crowns and expectations of +an estate on rue du Cherche-Midi and a house at Luzarches. [Cesar +Birotteau. The Firm of Nucingen. Pierrette.] + +MAUCOMBE (Comte de), of a Provencal family already celebrated under +King Rene. During the Revolution he "clothed himself in the humble +garments of a provincial proof-reader," in the printing office of +Jerome-Nicolas Sechard at Angouleme. He had a number of children: +Renee, who became Madame de l'Estorade; Jean, and Marianina, a natural +daughter, claimed by Lanty. He was a deputy by the close of 1826, +sitting between the Centre and the Right. [Lost Illusions. Letters of +Two Brides.] + +MAUCOMBE (Jean de), son of the preceding, gave up his portion of the +family inheritance to his older sister, Madame de l'Estorade, born +Renee de Maucombe. [Letters of Two Brides.] + +MAUFRIGNEUSE (Duc de), born in 1778, son of the Prince de Cadignan, +who died an octogenarian towards the close of the Restoration, leaving +then as eldest of the house the Prince de Cadignan. The prince was in +love with Madame d'Uxelles, but married her daughter, Diane, in 1814, +and afterwards lived unhappily with her. He supported Marie Godeschal; +was a cavalry colonel during the reigns of Louis XVIII. and Charles +X.; had under his command Philippe Bridau, the Vicomte de Serizy, +Oscar Husson. He was on intimate terms with Messieurs de Grandlieu and +d'Espard. [The Secrets of a Princess. A Start in Life. A Bachelor's +Establishment. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +MAUFRIGNEUSE (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, born Diane +d'Uxelles in 1796, married in 1815. She was in turn the mistress of +Marsay, Miguel d'Ajuda-Pinto, Victurnien d'Esgrignon, Maxime de +Trailles, Eugene de Rastignac, Armand de Montriveau, Marquis de +Ronquerolles, Prince Galathionne, the Duc de Rhetore, a Grandlieu, +Lucien de Rubempre, and Daniel d'Arthez. She lived at various times in +the following places: Anzy, near Sancerre; Paris, on rue Saint-Honore +in the suburbs and on rue Miromesnil; Cinq-Cygne in Champagne; Geneva +and the borders of Leman. She inspired a foolish platonic affection in +Michel Chrestien, and kept at a distance the Duc d'Herouville, who +courted her towards the end of the Restoration by sarcasm and +brilliant repartee. Her first and last love affairs were especially +well known. For her the Marquis Miguel d'Ajudo-Pinto gave up Berthe de +Rochefide, his wife, avenging thus a former mistress, Claire de +Beauseant. Her liaison with Victurnien d'Esgrignon became the most +stormy of romances. Madame de Maufrigneuse, disguised as a man and +possessed of a passport, bearing the name of Felix de Vandenesse, +succeeded in rescuing from the Court of Assizes the young man who had +compromised himself in yielding to the foolish extravagance of his +mistress. The duchesse received even her tradesmen in an angelic way, +and became their prey. She scattered fortunes to the four winds, and +her indiscretions led to the sale of Anzy in a manner advantageous to +Polydore Milaud de la Baudraye. Some years later she made a vain +attempt to rescue Lucien de Rubempre, against whom a criminal charge +was pending. The Restoration and the Kingdom of 1830 gave to her life +a different lustre. Having fallen heir to the worldly sceptre of +Mesdames de Langeais and de Beauseant, both of whom she knew socially, +she became intimate with the Marquise d'Espard, a lady with whom in +1822 she disputed the right to rule the "fragile kingdom of fashion." +She visited frequently the Chaulieus, whom she met at a famous hunt +near Havre. In July, 1830, reduced to poor circumstances, abandoned by +her husband, who had then become the Prince de Cadignan, and assisted +by her relatives, Mesdames d'Uxelles and de Navarreins, Diane operated +as it were a kind of retreat, occupied herself with her son Georges, +and strengthening herself by the memory of Chrestien, also by +constantly visiting Madame d'Espard, she succeeded, without completely +foregoing society, in making captive the celebrated deputy of the +Right, a man of wealth and maturity, Daniel Arthez himself. In her own +home and in that of Felicite des Touches she heard, between 1832 and +1835, anecdotes of Marsay. The Princess de Cadignan had portraits of +her numerous lovers. She had also one of the /Madame/ whom she had +attended, and upon meeting him, showed it to Marsay, minister of Louis +Philippe. She owned also a picture of Charles X. which was thus +inscribed, "Given by the King." After the marriage of her son to a +Cinq-Cygne, she visited often at the estate of that name, and was +there in 1839, during the regular election. [The Secrets of a +Princess. Modeste Mignon. Jealousies of a Country town. The Muse of +the Department. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Letters of Two Brides. +Another Study of Woman. The Gondreville Mystery. The Member for +Arcis.] + +MAUFRIGNEUSE (Georges de), son of the preceding, born in 1814, had +successively in his service Toby and Marin, took the title of duke +towards the close of the Restoration, was in the last Vendean +uprising. Through his mother's instrumentality, who paved the way for +the match in 1833, he married Mademoiselle Berthe de Cinq-Cygne in +1838, and became heir to the estate of the same name the following +year during the regular election. [The Secrets of a Princess. The +Gondreville Mystery. Beatrix. The Member for Arcis.] + +MAUFRIGNEUSE (Berthe de), wife of the preceding, daughter of Adrien +and Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, married in 1838, although she had been +very nearly engaged in 1833; she lived with all her family on their +property at Aube during the spring of 1839. [Beatrix. The Gondreville +Mystery. The Member for Arcis.] + +MAUGREDIE, celebrated Pyrrhonic physician, being called into +consultation, he gave his judgment on the very serious case of Raphael +de Valentin. [The Magic Skin.] + +MAULINCOUR[*] (Baronne de), born Rieux, an eighteenth century woman +who "did not lose her head" during the Revolution; intimate friend of +the Vidame de Pamiers. At the beginning of the Restoration she spent +half of her time in the suburbs of Saint-Germain, where she managed to +educate her grandson, Auguste Carbonnon de Maulincour, and the +remainder on her estates at Bordeaux, where she demanded the hand of +Natalie Evangelista in marriage for her grand-nephew, Paul de +Manerville. Of the family of this girl she had an unfavorable, but +just opinion. The Baronne de Maulincour died a short time before her +grandson of the chagrin which she felt on account of this young man's +unhappy experiences. [A Marriage Settlement. The Thirteen.] + +[*] Some Maulincourts had, during the last century, a place of + residence on Chausee de Minimes, in the Marais, of which Elie + Magus subsequently became proprietor. + +MAULINCOUR (Auguste Carbonnon de), born in 1797, grandson of the +preceding, by whom he was reared; moulded by the Vidame de Pamiers, +whom he left but rarely; lived on the rue de Bourbon in Paris; had a +short existence, under Louis XVIII., which was full of brilliance and +misfortune. Having embraced a military career he was decorated, +becoming major in a cavalry regiment of the Royal Guard, and +afterwards lieutenant-colonel of a company of body-guards. He vainly +courted Madame de Langeais, fell in love with Clemence Desmarets, +followed her, compromised her, and persecuted her. By his +indiscretions he drew upon himself the violent enmity of Gratien +Bourignard, father of Madame Desmarets. In this exciting struggle +Maulincour, having neglected the warnings that many self-imposed +accidents had brought upon him, also a duel with the Marquis de +Ronquerolles, was fatally poisoned and soon after followed the old +baroness, his grandmother, to Pere-Lachaise. [The Thirteen.] + +MAUNY (Baron de), was killed during the Restoration, or after 1830, in +the suburbs of Versailles, by Victor (the Parisian), who struck him +with a hatchet. The murderer finally took refuge at Aiglemont in the +family of his future mistress, Helene. [A Woman of Thirty.] + +MAUPIN (Camille). (See Touches, Felicite des.) + +MAURICE, valet, employed by the Comte and Comtess de Restaud, during +the Restoration. His master believed his servant to be faithful to his +interests, but the valet, on the contrary, was true to those of the +wife who opposed her husband in everything. [Father Goriot. Gobseck.] + +MEDAL (Robert), celebrated and talented actor, who was on the Parisian +stage in the last years of Louis Philippe, at the time when Sylvain +Pons directed the orchestra in Gaudissart's theatre. [Cousin Pons.] + +MELIN, inn-keeper or "cabaretier" in the west of France, furnished +lodging in 1809 to the Royalists who were afterwards condemned by +Mergi, and himself received five years of confinement. [The Seamy Side +of History.] + +MELMOTH (John), an Irishman of pronounced English characteristics, a +Satanical character, who made a strange agreement with Rodolphe +Castanier, Nucingen's faithless cashier, whereby they were to make a +reciprocal exchange of personalities; in 1821, he died in the odor of +holiness, on rue Ferou, Paris. [Melmoth Reconciled.] + +MEMMI (Emilio). (See Varese, Prince de.) + +MENE-A-BIEN, cognomen of Coupiau. + +MERGI (De), magistrate during the Empire and the Restoration, whose +activity was rewarded by both governments, inasmuch as he always +struck the members of the party out of power. In 1809 the court over +which he presided was charged with the cases of the "Chauffeurs of +Mortagne." Mergi showed great hatred in his dealings with Madame de la +Chanterie. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +MERGI (De), son of the preceding, married Vanda de Bourlac. [The Seamy +Side of History.] + +MERGI (Baronne Vanda de), born Bourlac, of Polish origin on her +mother's side, belonged to the family of Tarlowski, married the son of +Mergi, the celebrated magistrate, and having survived him, was +condemned to poverty and sickness; was aided in Paris by Godefroid, a +messenger from Madame de la Chanterie, and attended by her father and +Doctors Bianchon, Desplein, Haudry and Moise Halpersohn, the last of +whom finally saved her. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +MERGI (Auguste de), during the last half of Louis Philippe's reign was +in turn a collegian, university student and humble clerk in the Palais +at Paris; looked after the needs of his mother, Vanda de Mergi, with +sincerest devotion. For her sake he stole four thousand francs from +Moise Halpersohn, but remained unpunished, thanks to one of the +Brothers of Consolation, who boarded with Madame de la Chanterie. [The +Seamy Side of History.] + +MERKSTUS, banker at Douai, under the Restoration had a bill of +exchange for ten thousand francs signed by Balthazar Claes, and, in +1819, presented it to the latter for collection. [The Quest of the +Absolute.] + +MERLE, captain in the Seventy-second demi-brigade; jolly and careless. +Killed at La Vivetiere in December, 1799, by Pille-Miche (Cibot). [The +Chouans.] + +MERLIN, of Douai, belonged to the convention, of which he was, for two +years, one of the five directors; attorney-general in the court of +appeal; in September, 1805, rejected the appeal of the Simeuses, of +the Hauteserres, and of Michu, men who had been condemned for +kidnapping Senator Malin. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +MERLIN (Hector), came to Paris from Limoges, expecting to become a +journalist; a Royalist; during the two years in which Lucien de +Rubempre made his literary and political beginning, Merlin was +especially noted. At that time he was Suzanne du Val-Noble's lover, +and a polemical writer for a paper of the Right-Centre; he also +brought honor to Andoche Finot's little gazette by his contributions. +As a journalist he was dangerous, and could, if necessary, fill the +chair of the editor-in-chief. In March, 1822, with Theodore Gaillard, +he established the "Reveil," another kind of "Drapeau Blanc." Merlin +had an unattractive face, lighted by two pale-blue eyes, which were +fearfully sharp; his voice had in it something of the mewing of a cat, +something of the hyena's asthmatic gasping. [A Distinguished +Provincial at Paris.] + +MERLIN DE LA BLOTTIERE (Mademoiselle), of a noble family of Tours +(1826); Francois Birotteau's friend. [The Vicar of Tours.] + +MERRET (De), gentleman of Picardie, proprietor of the Grande Breteche, +near Vendome, under the Empire; had the room walled up, where he knew +the Spaniard Bagos de Feredia, lover of his wife, was in hiding. He +died in 1816 at Paris as a result of excesses. [La Grande Breteche.] + +MERRET (Madame Josephine de), wife of the preceding, mistress of Bagos +de Feredia, whom she saw perish almost under her eyes, after she had +refused to give him up to her husband. She died in the same year as +Merret, at La Grande Breteche, as a result of the excitement she had +undergone. The story of Madame de Merret was the subject of a +vaudeville production given at the Gymnase-Dramatique under the title +of "Valentine." [La Grande Breteche.] + +METIVIER, paper merchant on rue Serpente in Paris, under the +Restoration; correspondent of David Sechard, friend of Gobseck and of +Bidault, accompanying them frequently to the cafe Themis, between rue +Dauphine and the Quai des Augustins. Having two daughters, and an +income of a hundred thousand francs, he withdrew from business. [Lost +Illusions. The Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] + +METIVIER, nephew and successor of the preceding, one of whose +daughters he married. He was interested in the book business, in +connection with Morand and Barbet; took advantage of Bourlac in 1838; +lived on rue Saint-Dominique d'Enfer, in the Thuillier house in 1840; +engaged in usurious transactions with Jeanne-Marie-Brigitte, Cerizet, +Dutocq, discounters of various kinds and titles. [The Seamy Side of +History. The Middle Classes.] + +MEYNARDIE (Madame), at Paris, under the Restoration, in all +probability, had an establishment or shop in which Ida Gruget was +employed; undoubtedly controlled a house of ill-fame, in which Esther +van Gobseck was a boarder. [The Thirteen. Scenes from a Courtesan's +Life.] + +MEYRAUX, medical doctor; a scholarly young Parisian, with whom Louis +Lambert associated, November, 1819. Until his death in 1832 Meyraux +was a member of the rue des Quatre-Vents Cenacle, over which Daniel +d'Arthez presided. [Louis Lambert. A Distinguished Provincial at +Paris.] + +MICHAUD (Justin), an old chief quartermaster to the cuirassiers of the +Imperial Guard, chevalier of the Legion of Honor. He married one of +the Montcornet maids, Olympe Charel, and became, under the +Restoration, head warden of the Montcornet estates at Blangy in +Bourgogne. Unknown to himself he was secretly beloved by Genevieve +Niseron. His military frankness and loyal devotion succumbed before an +intrigue formed against him by Sibilet, steward of Aigues, and by the +Rigous, Soudrys, Gaubertins, Fourchons and Tonsards. On account of the +complicity of Courtecuisse and Vaudoyer the bullet fired by Francois +Tonsard, in 1823, overcame the vigilance of Michaud. [The Peasantry.] + +MICHAUD (Madame Justin), born Olympe Charel, a virtuous and pretty +farmer's daughter of Le Perche; wife of the preceding; chambermaid of +Madame de Montcornet--born Troisville--before her marriage and +induction to Aigues in Bourgogne. Her marriage to Justin Michaud was +the outcome of mutual love. She had in her employ Cornevin, Juliette +and Gounod; sheltered Genevieve Niseron, whose strange disposition she +seemed to understand. For her husband, who was thoroughly hated in the +Canton of Blangy, she often trembled, and on the same night that +Michaud was murdered she died from over-anxiety, soon after giving +birth to a child which did not survive her. [The Peasantry.] + +MICHEL, writer at Socquard's cafe and coffee-house keeper at Soulanges +in 1823. He also looked after his patron's vineyard and garden. [The +Peasantry.] + +MICHONNEAU (Christine-Michelle). (See Poiret, the elder, Madame.) + +MICHU, during the progress of and after the French Revolution he +played a part directly contrary to his regular political affiliations. +His lowly birth, his harsh appearance, and his marriage with the +daughter of a Troyes tanner of advanced opinion, all helped to make +his pronounced Republicanism seem in keeping, although beneath it he +hid his Royalist faith and an active devotion to the Simeuses, the +Hauteserres and the Cinq-Cygnes. Michu controlled the Gondreville +estate between 1789 and 1804, after it was snatched from its rightful +owners, and under the Terror he presided over the Jacobin club at +Arcis. As a result of the assassination of the Duc d'Enghien March 21, +1804, he lost his position at Gondreville. Michu then lived not far +from there, near Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, to whom he made known his +secret conduct, and, as a result, became overseer of all the estate +attached to the castle. Having publicly shown his opposition to Malin, +he was thought guilty of being leader in a plot to kidnap the new +Seigneur de Gondreville, and was consequently condemned to death, a +sentence which was executed, despite his innocence, October, 1806. +[The Gondreville Mystery.] + +MICHU (Marthe), wife of the preceding, daughter of a Troyes tanner, +"the village apostle of the Revolution," who, as a follower of +Baboeuf, a believer in racial and social equality, was put to death. A +blonde with blue eyes, and of perfect build, in accordance with her +father's desire, despite her modest innocence, posed before a public +assembly as the Goddess of Liberty. Marthe Michu adored her husband, +by whom she had a son, Francois, but being ignorant for a long time of +his secret, she lived in a manner separated from him, under her +mother's wing. When she did learn of her husband's Royalist actions, +and that he was devoted to the Cinq-Cygnes, she assisted him, but +falling into a skilfuly contrived plot, she innocently brought about +her husband's execution. A forged letter having attracted her to +Malin's hiding-place, Madame Michu furnished all the necessary +evidence to make the charge of kidnapping seem plausible. She also was +cast into prison and was awaiting trial when death claimed her, +November, 1806. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +MICHU (Francois), son of the preceding couple, born in 1793. In 1803, +while in the service of the house of Cinq-Cygne, he ferreted out the +police-system that Giguet represented. The tragic death of his parents +(a picture of one of them hung on the wall at Cinq-Cygne) caused his +adoption in some way or other by the Marquise Laurence, whose efforts +afterwards paved the way for his career as a lawyer from 1817 to 1819, +an occupation which he left, only to become a magistrate. In 1824 he +was associate judge of the Alencon court. Then he was appointed +attorney of the king and received the cross of the Legion of Honor, +after the suit against Victurnien d'Esgrignon by M. du Bosquier and +the Liberals. Three years later he performed similar duties at the +Arcis court, over which he presided in 1839. Already wealthy, and +receiving an income of twelve thousand francs granted him in 1814 by +Madame de Cinq-Cygne, Francois Michu married a native of Champagne, +Mademoiselle Girel, a Troyes heiress. In Arcis he attended only the +social affairs given by the Cinq-Cygnes, then become allies of the +Cadignans, and in fact never visited any others. [The Gondreville +Mystery. Jealousies of a Country Town. The Member for Arcis.] + +MICHU (Madame Francois), wife of the preceding, born Girel. Like her +husband, she rather looked with scorn upon Arcis society, in 1839, and +departed little from the circle made up of government officers' +families and the Cinq-Cygnes. [The Gondreville Mystery. The Member for +Arcis.] + +MIGEON, in 1836, porter in the rue des Martyrs house in which Etienne +Lousteau lived for three years; he was commissioned for nine hundred +francs by Mme. de la Baudraye, who then lived with the writer, to +carry her jewelry to the pawn-broker. [The Muse of the Department.] + +MIGEON (Pamela), daughter of the preceding, born in 1823; in 1837, the +intelligent little waiting-maid of Madame de la Baudraye, when the +baronne lived with Lousteau. [The Muse of the Department.] + +MIGNON DE LA BASTIE (Charles), born in 1773 in the district of Var, +"last member of the family to which Paris is indebted for the street +and the house built by Cardinal Mignon"; went to war under the +Republic; was closely associated with Anne Dumay. At the beginning of +the Empire, as the result of mutual affection, his marriage with +Bettina Wallenrod only daughter of a Frankfort banker took place. +Shortly before the return of the Bourbons, he was appointed +lieutenant-colonel, and became commander of the Legion of Honor. Under +the Restoration Charles Mignon de la Bastie lived at Havre with his +wife, and acquired forthwith, by means of banking, a large fortune, +which he shortly lost. After absenting himself from the country, he +returned, during the last year of Charles X.'s reign, from the Orient, +having become a multi-millionaire. Of his four children, he lost +three, two having died in early childhood, while Bettina Caroline, the +third, died in 1827, after being misled and finally deserted by M. +d'Estourny. Marie-Modeste was the only child remaining, and she was +confided during her father's journeys to the care of the Dumays, who +were under obligations to the Mignons; she married Ernest de la +Bastie-La Briere (also called La Briere-la Bastie). The brilliant +career of Charles Mignon was the means of his reassuming the title, +Comte de la Bastie. [Modeste Mignon.] + +MIGNON (Madame Charles), wife of the preceding, born Bettina +Wallenrod-Tustall-Bartenstild, indulged daughter of a banker in +Frankfort-on-the-Main. She became blind soon after her elder daughter, +Bettina-Caroline's troubles and early death, and had a presentiment of +the romance connected with her younger daughter, Marie-Modeste, who +became Madame Ernest de la Bastie-La Briere. Towards the close of the +Restoration, Madame Charles Mignon, as the result of an operation by +Desplein, recovered her sight and was a witness of Marie-Modeste's +happiness. [Modeste Mignon.] + +MIGNON (Bettina-Caroline), elder daughter of the preceding couple; +born in 1805, the very image of her father; a typical Southern girl; +was favored by her mother over her younger sister, Marie-Modeste, a +kind of "Gretchen," who was similar in appearance to Madame Mignon. +Bettina-Caroline was seduced, taken away and finally deserted by a +"gentleman of fortune," named D'Estourny, and shortly sank at Havre +under the load of her sins and suffering, surrounded by nearly all of +her family. Since 1827 there has been inscribed on her tomb in the +little Ingouville cemetery the following inscription: "Bettina +Caroline Mignon, died when twenty-two years of age. Pray for her!" +[Modeste Mignon.] + +MIGNON (Marie-Modeste). (See La Bastie-La Briere, Madame Ernest de.) + +MIGNONNET, born in 1782, graduate of the military schools, was an +artillery captain in the Imperial Guard, but resigned under the +Restoration and lived at Issoudun. Short and thin, but of dignified +bearing; much occupied with science; friend of the cavalry officer +Carpentier, with whom he joined the citizens against Maxence Gilet. +Gilet's military partisans, Commandant Potel and Captain Renard, lived +in the Faubourg of Rome, Belleville of the corporation of Berry. [A +Bachelor's Establishment.] + +MILAUD, handsome representative of the self-enriched plebeian branch +of Milauds; relative of Jean-Athanase-Polydore Milaud de la Baudraye, +in whose marriage he put no confidence, and from whom he expected to +receive an inheritance. Under the favor of Marchangy, he undertook the +career of a public prosecutor. Under Louis XVIII. he was a deputy at +Angouleme, a position to which he was succeeded by maitre Petit-Claud. +Milaud eventually performed the same duties at Nevers, which was +probably his native country. [Lost Illusions. The Muse of the +Department.] + +MILAUD DE LA BAUDRAYE. (See La Baudraye.) + +MILLET, Parisian grocer, on rue Chanoinesse, in 1836 attended to the +renting of a small unfurnished room in Madame de la Chanterie's house; +gave Godefroid information, after having submitted him to a rigid +examination. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +MINARD (Louis), refractory "chauffeur," connected with the Royalist +insurrection in western France, 1809, was tried at the bar of justice, +where Bourlac and Mergi presided; he was executed the same year that +he was condemned to death. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +MINARD (Auguste-Jean-Francois), as clerk to the minister of finances +he received a salary of fifteen hundred francs. In the florist +establishment of a fellow-workman's sister, Mademoiselle Godard, of +rue Richelieu, he met a clerk, Zelie Lorain, the daughter of a porter. +He fell in love with her, married her, and had by her two children, +Julien and Prudence. He lived near the Courcelles gate, and as an +economical worker of retiring disposition he was made the butt of +J.-J. Bixiou's jests in the Treasury Department. Necessity gave him +fortitude and originality. After giving up his position in December, +1824, Minard opened a trade in adulterated teas and chocolates, and +subsequently became a distiller. In 1835 he was the richest merchant +in the vicinity, having an establishment on the Place Maubert and one +of the best houses on the rue des Macons-Sorbonne. In 1840 Minard +became mayor of the eleventh district, where he lived, judge of the +tribunal of commerce, and officer of the Legion of Honor. He +frequently met his former colleagues of the period of the Restoration: +Colleville, Thuillier, Dutocq, Fleury, Phellion, Xavier Rabourdin, +Saillard, Isidore Baudoyer and Godard. [The Government Clerks. The +Firm of Nucingen. The Middle Classes.] + +MINARD (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Zelie Lorain, daughter of +a porter. On account of her cold and prudent disposition, she did not +persist long in her trial at the Conservatory, but became a florist's +girl in Mademoiselle Godard's establishment on rue Richelieu. After +her marriage to Francois Minard she gave birth to two children, and, +with the help of Madame Lorain, her mother, reared them comfortably +near the Courcelles gate. Under Louis Philippe, having become rich, +and living in that part of the Saint-Germain suburbs which lies next +to Saint-Jacques, she showed, as did her husband, the silly pride of +the enriched mediocrity. [The Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] + +MINARD (Julien), son of the preceding couple, attorney; at first +considered "the family genius." In 1840 he committed some +indiscretions with Olympe Cardinal, creator of "Love's Telegraphy," +played at Mourier's small theatre[*] on the Boulevard. His dissipation +ended in a separation brought about by Julien's parents, who +contributed to the support of the actress, then become Madame Cerizet. +[The Middle Classes.] + +[*] This theatre was built in 1831 on the Boulevard du Temple, where + the first Ambigu had been situated; it was afterwards moved to No. + 40, rue de Bondy, December 30, 1862. + +MINARD (Prudence), sister of the preceding, was sought in marriage by +Felix Gaudissart towards the end of Louis Philippe's reign. [The +Middle Classes. Cousin Pons.] + +MINETTE,[*] vaudeville actress on rue de Chartres, during the +Restoration, died during the first part of the Second Empire, lawful +wife of a director of the Gaz; was well known for her brilliancy, and +was responsible for the saying that "Time is a great faster," quoted +sometimes before Lucien de Rubempre in 1821-22. [A Distinguished +Provincial at Paris.] + +[*] Minette married M. Marguerite; she lived in Paris during the last + years of her life in the large house at the corner of rue Saint- + Georges and rue Provence. + +MINORETS (The), representatives of the well-known "company of army +contractors," in which Mademoiselle Sophie Laguerre's steward, who +preceded Gaubertin at Aigues, in Bourgogne, acquired a one-third +share, after giving up his stewardship. [The Peasantry.] The relatives +of Madame Flavie Colleville, daughter of a ballet-dancer, who was +supported by Galathionne and, perhaps, by the contractor, Du +Bourguier, were connected with the Minorets, probably the army +contractor Minorets. [The Government Clerks.] + +MINORET (Doctor Denis), born in Nemours in 1746, had the support of +Dupont, deputy to the States-General in 1789, who was his fellow- +citizen; he was intimate with the Abbe Morellet, also the pupil of +Rouelle the chemist, and an ardent admirer of Diderot's friend, +Bordeu, by means of whom, or his friends, he gained a large practice. +Denis Minoret invented the Lelievre balm, became an acquaintance and +protector of Robespierre, married the daughter of the celebrated +harpsichordist, Valentin Mirouet, died suddenly, soon after the +execution of Madame Roland. The Empire, like the former governments, +recompensed Minoret's ability, and he became consulting physician to +His Imperial and Royal Majesty, in 1805, chief hospital physician, +officer of the Legion of Honor, chevalier of Saint-Michel, and member +of the Institute. Upon withdrawing to Nemours, January, 1815, he lived +there in company with his ward, Ursule Mirouet, daughter of his +brother-in-law, Joseph Mirouet, later Madame Savinien de Portenduere, +a girl whom he had taken care of since she had become an orphan. As +she was the living image of the late Madame Denis Minoret, he loved +her so devotedly that his lawful heirs, Minoret-Levrault, Massin, +Cremiere, fearing that they would lose a large inheritance, mistreated +the adopted child. Doctor Minoret, at the time when he was worried +over their plotting, saw Bouvard, a fellow-Parisian with whom he had +formerly associated, and through his influence interested himself +greatly in the subject of magnetism. In 1835, surrounded by some of +his nearest relatives, Minoret died at an advanced age, having been +converted from the philosophy of Voltaire through the influence of +Ursule, whom he remembered substantially in his will. [Ursule +Mirouet.] + +MINORET-LEVRAULT (Francois), son of the oldest brother of the +preceding, and his nearest heir, born in 1769, strong but uncouth and +illiterate, had charge of the post-horses and was keeper of the best +tavern in Nemours, as a result of his marriage with Zelie Levrault- +Cremiere, an only daughter. After the Revolution of 1830 he became +deputy-mayor. As principle heir to Doctor Minoret's estate he was the +bitterest persecutor of Ursule Mirouet, and made away with the will +which favored the young girl. Later, being compelled to restore her +property, overcome by remorse, and sorrowing for his son, who was the +victim of a runaway, and for his insane wife, Francois Minoret- +Levrault became the faithful keeper of the property of Ursule, who had +then become Madame Savinien de Portenduere. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +MINORET-LEVRAULT (Madame Francois), wife of the preceding, born Zelie +Levrault-Cremiere, physically feeble, sour of countenance and action, +harsh, greedy, as illiterate as her husband, brought him as dower half +of her maiden name (a local tradition) and a first-class tavern. She +was, in reality, the manager of the Nemours post-house. She worshiped +her son Desire, whose tragic death was sufficient punishment for her +avaricious persecutions of Ursule de Portenduere. She died insane in +Doctor Blanche's sanitarium in the village of Passy[*] in 1841. [Ursule +Mirouet.] + +[*] Since 1860 a suburb of Paris. + +MINORET (Desire), son of the preceding couple, born in 1805. Obtained +a half scholarship in the Louis-le-Grand lyceum in Paris, through the +instrumentality of Fontanes, an acquaintance of Dr. Minoret; finally +studied law. Under Goupil's leadership he became somewhat dissipated +as a young man, and loved in turn Esther van Gobseck and Sophie +Grignault--Florine--who, after declining his offer of marriage, became +Madame Nathan. Desire Minoret was not actively associated with his +family in the persecution of Ursule de Portenduere. The Revolution of +1830 was advantageous to him. He took part during the three glorious +days of fighting, received the decoration, and was selected to be +deputy attorney to the king at Fontainebleau. He died as a result of +the injuries received in a runaway, October, 1836. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +MIRAH (Josepha), born in 1814. Natural daughter of a wealthy Jewish +banker, abandoned in Germany, although she bore as a sign of her +identity an anagram of her Jewish name, Hiram. When fifteen years old +and a working girl in Paris, she was found out and misled by Celestine +Crevel, whom she left eventually for Hector Hulot, a more liberal man. +The munificence of the commissary of stores exalted her socially, and +gave her the opportunity of training her voice. Her vocal attainments +established her as a prima donna, first at the Italiens, then on rue +le Peletier. After Hector Hulot became a bankrupt, she abandoned him +and his house on rue Chauchat, near the Royal Academy, where, at +different times, had lived Tullia, Comtesse du Bruel and Heloise +Brisetout. The Duc d'Herouville became Mademoiselle Mirah's lover. +This affair led to an elegant reception on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque to +which all Paris received invitation. Josepha had at all times many +followers. One of the Kellers and the Marquis d'Esgrignon made fools +of themselves over her. Eugene de Rastignac, at that time minister, +invited her to his home, and insisted upon her singing the celebrated +cavatina from "La Muette." Irregular in her habits, whimisical, +covetous, intelligent, and at times good-natured, Josepha Mirah gave +some proof of generosity when she helped the unfortunate Hector Hulot, +for whom she went so far as to get Olympe Grenouville. She finally +told Madame Adeline Hulot of the baron's hiding-place on the Passage +du Soleil in the Petite-Pologne section. [Cousin Betty.] + +MIRAULT, name of one branch of the Bargeton family, merchants in +Bordeaux during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. [Lost +Illusions.] + +MIRBEL (Madame de), well-known miniature-painter from 1796 to 1849; +made successively the portrait of Louise de Chaulieu, given by this +young woman to the Baron de Macumer, her future husband; of Lucien de +Rubempre for Esther Gobseck; of Charles X. for the Princess of +Cadignan, who hung it on the wall of her little salon on rue +Miromesnil, after the Revolution of 1830. This last picture bore the +inscription, "Given by the King." [Letters of Two Brides. Scenes from +a Courtesan's Life. The Secrets of a Princess.] + +MIROUET (Ursule). (See Portenduere, Vicomtesse Savinien de.) + +MIROUET (Valentin), celebrated harpsichordist and instrument-maker; +one of the best known French organists; father-in-law of Doctor +Minoret; died in 1785. His business was bought by Erard. [Ursule +Mirouet.] + +MIROUET (Joseph), natural son of the preceding and brother-in-law of +Doctor Denis Minoret. He was a good musician and of a Bohemian +disposition. He was a regiment musician during the wars in the latter +part of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth centuries. +He passed through Germany, and while there married Dinah Grollman, by +whom he had a daughter, Ursule, later the Vicomtesse de Portenduere, +who had been left a penniless orphan in her early youth. [Ursule +Mirouet.] + +MITANT (La), a very poor woman of Conches in Bourgogne, who was +condemned for having let her cow graze on the Montcornet estate. In +1823 the animal was seized by the deputy, Brunet, and his assistants, +Vermichel and Fourchon. [The Peasantry.] + +MITOUFLET, old grenadier of the Imperial Guard, husband of a wealthy +vineyard proprietress, kept the tavern Soleil d'Or at Vouvray in +Touraine. After 1830 Felix Gaudissart lived there and Mitouflet served +as his second in a harmless duel brought on by a practical joke played +on the illustrious traveling salesman, dupe of the insane Margaritis. +[Gaudissart the Great.] + +MITOUFLET, usher to the minister of war under Louis Philippe, in the +time of Cottin de Wissembourg, Hulot d'Ervy and Marneffe. [Cousin +Betty.] + +MITRAL, a bachelor, whose eyes and face were snuff-colored, a bailiff +in Paris during the Restoration, also at the same time a money-lender. +He numbered among his patrons Molineux and Birotteau. He was invited +to the celebrated ball given in December, 1818, by the perfumer. Being +a maternal uncle of Isidore Baudoyer, connected in a friendly way with +Bidault--Gigonnet--and Esther-Jean van Gobseck, Mitral, by their good- +will, obtained his nephew's appointment to the Treasury, December, +1824. He spent his time then in Isle-Adam, the Marais and the Saint- +Marceau section, places of residence of his numerous family. In +possession of a fortune, which undoubtedly would go later to the +Isidore Baudoyers, Mitral retired to the Seine-et-Oise division. +[Cesar Birotteau. The Government Clerks.] + +MIZERAI, in 1836 a restaurant-keeper on rue Michel-le-Comte, Paris. +Zephirin Marcas took his dinners with him at the rate of nine sous. +[Z. Marcas.] + +MODINIER, steward to Monsieur de Watteville; "governor" of Rouxey, the +patrimonial estate of the Wattevilles. [Albert Savarus.] + +MOINOT, in 1815 mail-carrier for the Chaussee-d'Antin; married and the +father of four children; lived in the fifth story at 11, rue des +Trois-Freres, now known as rue Taitbout. He innocently exposed the +address of Paquita Valdes to Laurent, a servant of Marsay, who +artfully tried to obtain it for him. "My name," said the mail-carrier +to the servant, "is written just like /Moineau/ (sparrow)--M-o-i-n-o- +t." "Certainly," replied Laurent. [The Thirteen.] + +MOISE, Jew, who was formerly a leader of the /rouleurs/ in the South. +His wife, La Gonore, was a widow in 1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's +Life.] + +MOISE, a Troyes musician, whom Madame Beauvisage thought of employing +in 1839 as the instructor of her daughter, Cecile, at Arcis-sur-Aube. +[The Member for Arcis.] + +MOLINEUX (Jean-Baptiste), Parisian landlord, miserly and selfish. +Mesdames Crochard lived in one of his houses between rue du +Tourniquet-Saint-Jean and rue la Tixeranderie, in 1815. Mesdames +Leseigneur de Rouville and Hippolyte Schinner were also his tenants, +at about the same time, on rue de Surene. Jean-Baptiste Molineux lived +on Cour-Batave during the first part of Louis XVIII.'s reign. He then +owned the house next to Cesar Birotteau's shop on rue Saint-Honore. +Molineux was one of the many guests present at the famous ball of +December 17, 1818, and a few months later was the annoying assignee +connected with the perfumer's failure. [A Second Home. The Purse. +Cesar Birotteau.] + +MOLLOT, through the influence of his wife, Sophie, appointed clerk to +the justice of the peace at Arcis-sur-Aube; often visited Madame +Marion, and saw at her home Goulard, Beauvisage, Giguet, and Herbelot. +[The Member for Arcis.] + +MOLLOT (Madame Sophie), wife of the preceding, a prying, prating +woman, who disturbed herself greatly over Maxime de Trailles during +the electoral campaign in the division of Arcis-sur-Aube, April, 1839. +[The Member for Arcis.] + +MOLLOT (Earnestine), daughter of the preceding couple, was, in 1839, a +young girl of marriageable age. [The Member for Arcis.] + +MONGENOD, born in 1764; son of a grand council attorney, who left him +an income of five or six thousand. Becoming bankrupt during the +Revolution, he became first a clerk with Frederic Alain, under Bordin, +the solicitor. He was unsuccessful in several ventures: as a +journalist with the "Sentinelle," started or built up by him; as a +musical composer with the "Peruviens," an opera-comique given in 1798 +at the Feydau theatre.[*] His marriage and the family expenses +attendant rendered his financial condition more and more embarrassing. +Mongenod had lent money to Frederic Alain, so that he might be present +at the opening performance of the "Marriage de Figaro." He borrowed, +in turn, from Alain a sum of money which he was unable to return at +the time agreed. He set out thereupon for America, made a fortune, +returned January, 1816, and reimbursed Alain. From this time dates the +opening of the celebrated Parisian banking-house of Mongenod & Co. The +firm-name changed to Mongenod & Son, and then to Mongenod Brothers. In +1819 the bankruptcy of the perfumer, Cesar Birotteau, having taken +place, Mongenod became personally interested at the Bourse,[+] in the +affair, negotiating with merchants and discounters. Mongenod died in +1827. [The Seamy Side of History. Cesar Birotteau.] + +[*] The Feydau theatre, with its dependencies on the thoroughfare of + the same name, existed in Paris until 1826 on the site now taken + by the rue de la Bourse. + +[+] The Bourse temporarily occupied a building on rue Feydau, while + the present palace was building. + +MONGENOD (Madame Charlotte), wife of the preceding, in the year 1798 +bore up bravely under her poverty, even selling her hair for twelve +francs that her family might have bread. Wealthy, and a widow after +1827, Madame Mongenod remained the chief adviser and support of the +bank, operated in Paris on rue de la Victoire, by her two sons, +Frederic and Louis. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +MONGENOD (Frederic), eldest of the preceding couple's three children, +received from his thankful parents the given name of M. Alain and +became, after 1827, the head of his father's banking-house on rue de +la Victoire. His honesty is shown by the character of his patrons, +among whom were the Marquis d'Espard, Charles Mignon de la Bastie, the +Baronne de la Chanterie and Godefroid. [The Commission in Lunacy. The +Seamy Side of History.] + +MONGENOD (Louis), younger brother of the preceding, with whom he had +business association on rue de la Victoire, where he was receiving the +prudent advice of his mother, Madame Charlotte Mongenod, when +Godefroid visited him in 1836. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +MONGENOD (Mademoiselle), daughter of Frederic and Charlotte Mongenod, +born in 1799; she was offered in marriage, January, 1816, to Frederic +Alain, who would not accept this token of gratitude from the wealthy +Mongenods. Mademoiselle Mongenod married the Vicomte de Fontaine. [The +Seamy Side of History.] + +MONISTROL, native of Auvergne, a Parisian broker, towards the last +years of Louis Phillippe's reign, successively on rue de Lappe and the +new Beaumarchais boulevard. He was one of the pioneers in the curio +business, along with the Popinots, Ponses, and the Remonencqs. This +kind of business afterwards developed enormously. [Cousin Pons.] + +MONTAURAN (Marquis Alophonse de), was, in the closing years of the +eighteenth century, connected with nearly all of the well-known +Royalist intrigues in France and elsewhere. He frequently visited, +along with Flamet de la Billardiere and the Comte de Fontaine, the +home of Ragon, the perfumer, who was proprietor of the "Reine des +Roses," from which went forth the Royalist correspondence between the +West and Paris. Too young to have been at Versailles, Alphonse de +Montauran had not "the courtly manners for which Lauzun, Adhemar, +Coigny, and so many others were noted." His education was incomplete. +Towards the autumn of 1799 he especially distinguished himself. His +attractive appearance, his youth, and a mingled gallantry and +authoritativeness, brought him to the notice of Louis XVIII., who +appointed him governor of Bretagne, Normandie, Maine and Anjou. Under +the name of Gras, having become commander of the Chouans, in +September, the marquis conducted them in an attack against the Blues +on the plateau of La Pelerine, which extends between Fougeres, Ille- +et-Vilaine, and Ernee, Mayenne. Madame du Gua did not leave him even +then. Alphonse de Montauran sought the hand of Mademoiselle d'Uxelles, +after leaving this, the last mistress of Charette. Nevertheless, he +fell in love with Marie de Verneuil, the spy, who had entered Bretagne +with the express intention of delivering him to the Blues. He married +her in Fougeres, but the Republicans murdered him and his wife a few +hours after their marriage. [Cesar Birotteau. The Chouans.] + +MONTAURAN (Marquise Alphonse de), wife of the preceding; born Marie- +Nathalie de Verneuil at La Chanterie near Alencon, natural daughter of +Mademoiselle Blanche de Casteran, who was abbess of Notre-Dame de Seez +at the time of her death, and of Victor-Amedee, Duc de Verneuil, who +owned her and left her an inheritance, at the expense of her +legitimate brother. A lawsuit between brother and sister resulted. +Marie-Nathalie lived then with her guardian, the Marechal Duc de +Lenoncourt, and was supposed to be his mistress. After vainly trying +to bring him to the point of marriage she was cast off by him. She +passed through divers political and social paths during the +Revolutionary period. After having shone in court circles she had +Danton for a lover. During the autumn of 1799 Fouche hired Marie de +Verneuil to betray Alphonse de Montauran, but the lovely spy and the +chief of the Chouans fell in love with each other. They were united in +marriage a few hours before their death towards the end of that year, +1799, in which Jacobites and Chouans fought on Bretagne soil. Madame +de Montauran was attired in her husband's clothes when a Republican +bullet killed her. [The Chouans.] + +MONTAURAN (Marquis de), younger brother of Alphonse de Montauran, was +in London, in 1799, when he received a letter from Colonel Hulot +containing Alphonse's last wishes. Montauran complied with them; +returned to France, but did not fight against his country. He kept his +wealth through the intervention of Colonel Hulot and finally served +the Bourbons in the gendarmerie, where he himself became a colonel. +When Louis Philippe came to the throne, Montauran believed an absolute +retirement necessary. Under the name of M. Nicolas, he became one of +the Brothers of Consolation, who met in Madame de la Chanterie's home +on rue Chanoinesse. He saved M. Auguste de Mergi from being +prosecuted. In 1841 Montauran was seen on rue du Montparnasse, where +he assisted at the funeral of the elder Hulot. [The Chouans. The Seamy +Side of History. Cousin Betty.] + +MONTBAURON (Marquise de), Raphael de Valentin's aunt, died on the +scaffold during the Revolution. [The Magic Skin.] + +MONTCORNET (Marechal, Comte de), Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor, +Commander of Saint-Louis, born in 1774, son of a cabinet-maker in the +Faubourg Saint-Antoine, "child of Paris," mingled in almost all of the +wars in the latter part of the eighteenth and beginning of the +nineteenth centuries. He commanded in Spain and in Pomerania, and was +colonel of cuirassiers in the Imperial Guard. He took the place of his +friend, Martial de la Roche-Hugon in the affections of Madame de +Vaudremont. The Comte de Montcornet was in intimate relations with +Madame or Mademoiselle Fortin, mother of Valerie Crevel. Towards 1815, +Montcornet bought, for about a hundred thousand francs, the Aigues, +Sophie Laguerre's old estate, situated between Conches and Blangy, +near Soulanges and Ville-aux-Fayes. The Restoration allured him. He +wished to have his origin overlooked, to gain position under the new +regime, to efface all memory of the expressive nick-name received from +the Bourgogne peasantry, who called him the "Upholsterer." In the +early part of 1819 he married Virginie de Troisville. His property, +increased by an income of sixty thousand francs, allowed him to live +in state. In winter he occupied his beautiful Parisian mansion on rue +Neuve-des-Mathurins, now called rue des Mathurins, and visited many +places, especially the homes of Raoul Nathan and of Esther Gobseck. +During the summer the count, then mayor of Blangy, lived at Aigues. +His unpopularity and the hatred of the Gaubertins, Rigous, Sibilets, +Soudrys, Tonsards, and Fourchons rendered his sojourn there +unbearable, and he decided to dispose of the estate. Montcornet, +although of violent disposition and weak character, could not avoid +being a subordinate in his own family. The monarchy of 1830 +overwhelmed Montcornet, then lieutenant-general unattached, with +gifts, and gave a division of the army into his command. The count, +now become marshal, was a frequent visitor at the Vaudeville.[*] +Montcornet died in 1837. He never acknowledged his daughter, Valerie +Crevel, and left her nothing. He is probably buried in Pere-Lachaise +cemetery, where a monument was to be raised for him under W. +Steinbock's supervision. Marechal de Montcornet's motto was: "Sound +the Charge." [Domestic Peace. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished +Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Peasantry. A +Man of Business. Cousin Betty.] + +[*] A Parisian theatre, situated until 1838 on rue de Chartres. Rue de + Chartres, which also disappeared, although later, was located + between the Palais-Royal square and the Place du Carrousel. + +MONTCORNET (Comtesse de.) (See Blondet, Madame Emile.) + +MONTEFIORE, Italian of the celebrated Milanese family of Montefiore, +commissary in the Sixth of the line under the Empire; one of the +finest fellows in the army; marquis, but unable under the laws of the +kingdom of Italy to use his title. Thrown by his disposition into the +"mould of the Rizzios," he barely escaped being assassinated in 1808 +in the city of Tarragone by La Marana, who surprised him in company +with her daughter, Juana-Pepita-Maria de Mancini, afterwards Francois +Diard's wife. Later, Montefiore himself married a celebrated +Englishwoman. In 1823 he was killed and plundered in a deserted alley +in Bordeaux by Diard, who found him, after being away many years, in a +gambling-house at a watering-place. [The Maranas.] + +MONTES DE MONTEJANOS (Baron), a rich Brazilian of wild and primitive +disposition; towards 1840, when very young, was one of the first +lovers of Valerie Fortin, who became in turn Madame Marneffe and +Madame Celestin Crevel. He saw her again at the Faubourg Saint-Germain +and at the Place or Pate des Italiens, and had occasion for being +envious of Hector Hulot, W. Steinbock and still others. He had revenge +on his mistress by communicating to her a mysterious disease from +which she died in the same manner as Celestin Crevel. [Cousin Betty.] + +MONTPERSAN (Comte de), nephew of a canon of Saint-Denis, upon whom he +called frequently; an aspiring rustic, grown sour on account of +disappointment and deceit; married, and head of a family. At the +beginning of the Restoration he owned the Chateau de Montpersan, eight +leagues from Moulins in Allier, where he lived. In 1819 he received a +call from a young stranger who came to inform him of the death of +Madame de Montpersan's lover. [The Message.] + +MONTPERSAN (Comtesse Juliette de), wife of the preceding, born about +1781, lived at Montpersan with her family, and while there learned +from her lover's fellow-traveler of the former's death as a result of +an overturned carriage. The countess rewarded the messenger of +misfortune in a delicate manner. [The Message.] + +MONTPERSAN (Mademoiselle de), daughter of the preceding couple, was +but a child when the sorrowful news arrived which caused her mother to +leave the table. The child, thinking only of the comical side of +affairs, remarked upon her father's gluttony, suggesting that the +countess' abrupt departure had allowed him to break the rules of diet +imposed by her presence. [The Message.] + +MONTRIVEAU (General Marquis de), father of Armand de Montriveau. +Although a knighted chevalier, he continued to hold fast to the +exalted manners of Bourgogne, and scorned the opportunities which rank +and wealth had offered in his birth. Being an encyclopaedist and "one +of those already mentioned who served the Republic nobly," Montriveau +was killed at Novi near Joubert's side. [The Thirteen.] + +MONTRIVEAU (Comte de), paternal uncle of Armand de Montriveau. +Corpulent, and fond of oysters. Unlike his brother he emigrated, and +in his exile met with a cordial reception by the Dulmen branch of the +Rivaudoults of Arschoot, a family with which he had some relationship. +He died at St. Petersburg. [The Thirteen.] + +MONTRIVEAU (General Marquis Armand de), nephew of the preceding and +only son of General de Montriveau. As a penniless orphan he was +entered by Bonaparte in the school of Chalons. He went into the +artillery service, and took part in the last campaigns of the Empire, +among others that in Russia. At the battle of Waterloo he received +many serious wounds, being then a colonel in the Guard. Montriveau +passed the first three years of the Restoration far away from Europe. +He wished to explore the upper sections of Egypt and Central Africa. +After being made a slave by savages he escaped from their hands by a +bold ruse and returned to Paris, where he lived on rue de Seine near +the Chamber of Peers. Despite his poverty and lack of ambition and +influential friends, he was soon promoted to a general's position. His +association with The Thirteen, a powerful and secret band of men, who +counted among their members Ronquerolles, Marsay and Bourignard, +probably brought him this unsolicited favor. This same freemasonry +aided Montriveau in his desire to have revenge on Antoinette de +Langeais for her delicate flirtation; also later, when still feeling +for her the same passion, he seized her body from the Spanish +Carmelites. About the same time the general met, at Madame de +Beauseant's, Rastignac, just come to Paris, and told him about +Anastasie de Restaud. Towards the end of 1821, the general met +Mesdames d'Espard and de Bargeton, who were spending the evening at +the Opera. Montriveau was the living picture of Kleber, and in a kind +of tragic way became a widower by Antoinette de Langeais. Having +become celebrated for a long journey fraught with adventures, he was +the social lion at the time he ran across a companion of his Egyptian +travels, Sixte du Chatelet. Before a select audience of artists and +noblemen, gathered during the first years of the reign of Louis +Philippe at the home of Mademoiselle des Touches, he told how he had +unwittingly been responsible for the vengeance taken by the husband of +a certain Rosina, during the time of the Imperial wars. Montriveau, +now admitted to the peerage, was in command of a department. At this +time, having become unfaithful to the memory of Antoinette de +Langeais, he became enamored of Madame Rogron, born Bathilde de +Chargeboeuf, who hoped soon to bring about their marriage. In 1839, in +company with M. de Ronquerolles, he beame second to the Duc de +Rhetore, elder brother of Louise de Chaulieu, in his duel with +Dorlange-Sallenauve, brought about because of Marie Gaston. [The +Thirteen. Father Goriot. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at +Paris. Another Study of Woman. Pierrette. The Member for Arcis.] + +MORAND, formerly a clerk in Barbet's publishing-house, in 1838 became +a partner; along with Metivier tried to take advantage of Baron de +Bourlac, author of "The Spirit of Modern Law." [The Seamy Side of +History.] + +MOREAU, born in 1772, son of a follower of Danton, procureur-syndic at +Versailles during the Revolution; was Madame Clapart's devoted lover, +and remained faithful almost all the rest of his life. After a very +adventurous life Moreau, about 1805, became manager of the Presles +estate, situated in the valley of the Oise, which was the property of +the Comte de Serizy. He married Estelle, maid of Leontine de Serizy, +and had by her three children. After serving as manager of the estate +for seventeen years, he gave up his position, when his dishonest +dealings with Leger were exposed by Reybert, and retired a wealthy +man. A silly deed of his godson, Oscar Husson, was, more than anything +else, the cause of his dismissal from his position at Presles. Moreau +attained a lofty position under Louis Philippe, having grown wealthy +through real-estate, and became the father-in-law of Constant-Cyr- +Melchior de Canalis. At last he became a prominent deputy of the +Centre under the name of Moreau of the Oise. [A Start in Life.] + +MOREAU (Madame Estelle), fair-skinned wife of the preceding, born of +lowly origin at Saint-Lo, became maid to Leontine de Serizy. Her +fortune made, she became overbearing and received Oscar Husson, son of +Madame Clapart by her first husband, with unconcealed coldness. She +bought the flowers for her coiffure from Nattier, and, wearing some of +them, she was seen, in the autumn of 1822, by Joseph Bridau and Leon +de Lora, who had just arrived from Paris to do some decorating in the +chateau at Serizy. [A Start in Life.] + +MOREAU (Jacques), eldest of the preceding couple's three children, was +the agent between his mother and Oscar Husson at Presles. [A Start in +Life.] + +MOREAU, the best upholsterer in Alencon, rue de la Porte-de-Seez, near +the church; in 1816 furnished Madame du Bousquier, then Mademoiselle +Rose Cormon, the articles of furniture made necessary by M. de +Troisville's unlooked-for arrival at her home on his return from +Russia. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +MOREAU, an aged workman at Dauphine, uncle of little Jacques Colas, +lived, during the Restoration, in poverty and resignation, with his +wife, in the village near Grenoble--a place which was completely +changed by Doctor Benassis. [The Country Doctor.] + +MOREAU-MALVIN, "a prominent butcher," died about 1820. His beautiful +tomb of white marble ornaments rue du Marechal-Lefebvre at Pere- +Lachaise, near the burial-place of Madame Jules Desmarets and +Mademoiselle Raucourt of the Comedie-Francaise. [The Thirteen.] + +MORILLON (Pere), a priest, who had charge, for some time under the +Empire, of Gabriel Claes' early education. [The Quest of the +Absolute.] + +MORIN (La), a very poor old woman who reared La Fosseuse, an orphan, +in a kindly manner in a market-town near Grenoble, but who gave her +some raps on the fingers with her spoon when the child was too quick +in taking soup from the common porringer. La Morin tilled the soil +like a man, and murmured frequently at the miserable pallet on which +she and La Fosseuse slept. [The Country Doctor.] + +MORIN (Jeanne-Marie-Victoire Tarin, veuve), accused of trying to +obtain money by forging signatures to promissory-notes, also of the +attempted assassination of Sieur Ragoulleau; condemned by the Court of +Assizes at Paris on January 11, 1812, to twenty years hard labor. The +elder Poiret, a man who never thought independently, was a witness for +the defence, and often thought of the trial. The widow Morin, born at +Pont-sur-Seine, Aube, was a fellow-countrywoman of Poiret, who was +born at Troyes. [Father Goriot.] Many extracts have been taken from +the items published about this criminal case. + +MORISSON, an inventor of purgative pills, which were imitated by +Doctor Poulain, physician to Pons and the Cibots, when, as a beginner, +he wished to make his fortune rapidly. [Cousin Pons.] + +MORTSAUF (Comte de), head of a Touraine family, which owed to an +ancestor of Louis XI.'s reign--a man who had escaped the gibbet--its +fortune, coat-of-arms and position. The count was the incarnation of +the "refugee." Exiled, either willingly or unwillingly, his banishment +made him weak of mind and body. He married Blanche-Henriette de +Lenoncourt, by whom he had two children, Jacques and Madeleine. On the +accession of the Bourbons he was breveted field-marshal, but did not +leave Clochegourde, a castle brought to him in his wife's dowry and +situated on the banks of the Indre and the Cher. [The Lily of the +Valley.] + +MORTSAUF (Comtesse de),[*] wife of the preceding; born Blanche- +Henriette de Lenoncourt, of the "house of Lenoncourt-Givry, fast +becoming extinct," towards the first years of the Restoration; was +born after the death of three brothers, and thus had a sorrowful +childhood and youth; found a good foster-mother in her aunt, a +Blamont-Chauvry; and when married found her chief pleasure in the care +of her children. This feeling gave her the power to repress the love +which she felt for Felix de Vandenesse, but the effort which this hard +struggle caused her brought on a severe stomach disease of which she +died in 1820. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +[*] Beauplan and Barriere presented a play at the Comedie-Francaise, + having for a heroine Madame de Mortsauf, June 14, 1853. + +MORTSAUF (Jacques de), elder child of the preceding couple, pupil of +Dominis, most delicate member of the family, died prematurely. With +his death the line of Lenoncourt-Givrys proper passed away, for he +would have been their heir. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +MORTSAUF (Madeleine de), sister of the preceding; after her mother's +death she would not receive Felix de Vandenesse, who had been Madame +de Mortsauf's lover. She became in time Duchesse de Lenoncourt-Givry +(see that name). [The Lily of the Valley.] + +MOUCHE, born in 1811, illegitimate son of one of Fourchon's natural +daughters and a soldier who died in Russia; was given a home, when an +orphan, by his maternal grandfather, whom he aided sometimes as +ropemaker's apprentice. About 1823, in the district of Ville-aux- +Fayes, Bourgogne, he profited by the credulity of the strangers whom +he was supposed to teach the art of hunting otter. Mouche's attitude +and conversation, as he came in the autumn of 1823 to the Aigues, +scandalized the Montcornets and their guests. [The Peasantry.] + +MOUCHON, eldest of three brothers who lived in 1793 in the Bourgogne +valley of Avonne or Aigues; managed the estate of Ronquerolles; became +deputy of his division to the Convention; had a reputation for +uprightness; preserved the property and the life of the Ronquerolles; +died in the year 1804, leaving two daughters, Mesdames Gendrin and +Gaubertin. [The Peasantry.] + +MOUCHON, brother of the preceding, had charge of the relay post-house +at Conches, Bourgogne; had a daughter who married the wealthy farmer +Guerbet; died in 1817. [The Peasantry.] + +MOUGIN, born about 1805 in Toulouse, fifth of the Parisian hair- +dressers who, under the name of Marius, successively owned the same +business. In 1845, a wealthy married man of family, captain in the +Guard and decorated after 1832, an elector and eligible to office, he +had established himself on the Place de la Bourse as capillary artist +emeritus, where his praises were sung by Bixiou and Lora to the +wondering Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +MOUILLERON, king's attorney at Issoudun in 1822, cousin to every +person in the city during the quarrels between the Rouget and Bridau +families. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] + +MURAT (Joachim, Prince). In October, 1800, on the day in which +Bartolomeo de Piombo was presented by Lucien Bonaparte, he was, with +Lannes and Rapp, in the rooms of Bonaparte, the First Consul. He +became Grand Duke of Berg in 1806, the time of the well-known quarrel +between the Simeuses and Malin de Gondreville. Murat came to the +rescue of Colonel Chabert's cavalry regiment at the battle of Eylau, +February 7 and 8, 1807. "Oriental in tastes," he exhibited, even +before acceding to the throne of Naples in 1808, a foolish love of +luxury for a modern soldier. Twenty years later, during a village +celebration in Dauphine, Benassis and Genestas listened to the story +of Bonaparte, as told by a veteran, then became a laborer, who mingled +with his narrative a number of entertaining stories of the bold Murat. +[The Vendetta. The Gondreville Mystery. Colonel Chabert. Domestic +Peace. The Country Doctor.] + +MURET gave information about Jean-Joachim Goriot, his predecessor in +the manufacture of "pates alimentaires." [Father Goriot.] + +MUSSON, well-known hoaxer in the early part of the nineteenth century. +The policeman, Peyrade, imitated his craftiness in manner and disguise +twenty years later, while acting as an English nabob keeping Suzanne +Gaillard. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + + + +N + +NANON, called Nanon the Great from her height (6 ft. 4 in.); born +about 1769. First she tended cows on a farm that she was forced to +leave after a fire; turned away on every side, because of her +appearance, which was repulsive, she became, about 1791, at the age of +twenty-two, a member of Felix Grandet's household at Saumur, where she +remained the rest of her life. She always showed gratitude to her +master for having taken her in. Brave, devoted and serious-minded, the +only servant of the miser, she received as wages for very hard service +only sixty francs a year. However, the accumulations of even so paltry +an income allowed her, in 1819, to make a life investment of four +thousand francs with Monsieur Cruchot. Nanon had also an annuity of +twelve hundred francs from Madame de Bonfons, lived near the daughter +of her former master, who was dead, and, about 1827, being almost +sixty years of age, married Antoine Cornoiller. With her husband, she +continued her work of devoted service to Eugenie de Bonfons. [Eugenie +Grandet.] + +NAPOLITAS, in 1830, secretary of Bibi-Lupin, chief of the secret +police. Prison spy at the Conciergerie, he played the part of a son in +a family accused of forgery, in order to observe closely Jacques +Collin, who pretended to be Carlos Herrera. [Scenes from a Courtesan's +Life.] + +NARZICOF (Princess), a Russian; had left to the merchant Fritot, +according to his own account, as payment for supplies, the carriage in +which Mistress Noswell, wrapped in the shawl called Selim, returned to +the Hotel Lawson. [Gaudissart II.] + +NATHAN (Raoul), son of a Jew pawn-broker, who died in bankruptcy a +short while after marrying a Catholic, was for twenty-five years +(1820-45) one of the best known writers in Paris. Raoul Nathan touched +upon many branches: the journal, romance, poetry and the stage. In +1821, Dauriat published for him an imaginative work which Lucien de +Rubempre alternately praised and criticized. The harsh criticism was +meant for the publisher only. Nathan then put on the stage the "Alcade +dans l'Embarras"--a comedie called an "imbroglio" and presented at the +Panorama-Dramatique. He signed himself simply "Raoul"; he had as +collaborator Cursy--M. du Bruel. The play was a distinct success. +About the same time, he supplanted Lousteau, lover of Florine, one of +his leading actresses. About this time also Raoul was on terms of +intimacy with Emile Blondet, who wrote him a letter dated from Aigues +(Bourgogne) in which he described the Montcornets, and related their +local difficulties. Raoul Nathan, a member of all the giddy and +dissipated social circles, was with Giroudeau, Finot and Bixiou, a +witness of Philip Bridau's wedding to Madame J.-J. Rouget. He visited +Florentine Cabirolle, when the Marests and Oscar Husson were there, +and appeared often on the rue Saint-Georges, at the home of Esther van +Gobseck, who was already much visited by Blondet, Bixiou and Lousteau. +Raoul, at this time, was much occupied with the press, and made a +great parade of Royalism. The accession of Louis Philippe did not +diminish the extended circle of his relations. The Marquise d'Espard +received him. It was at her house that he heard evil reports of Diane +de Cadignan, greatly to the dissatisfaction of Daniel d'Arthez, also +present. Marie de Vandenesse, just married, noticed Nathan, who was +handsome by reason of an artistic, uncouth ugliness, and elegant +irregularity of features, and Raoul resolved to make the most of the +situation. Although turned Republican, he took very readily to the +idea of winning a lady of the aristocracy. The conquest of Madame the +Comtesse de Vandenesse would have revenged him for the contempt shown +him by Lady Dudley, but, fallen into the hands of usurers, fascinated +with Florine, living in pitiable style in a passage between the rue +Basse-du-Rempart and the rue Neuve-des-Mathurins, and being often +detained on the rue Feydau, in the offices of a paper he had founded, +Raoul failed in his scheme in connection with the countess, whom +Vandenesse even succeeded in restoring to his own affections, by very +skilful play with Florine. During the first years of Louis Philippe's +reign, Nathan presented a flaming and brilliant drama, the two +collaborators in which were Monsieur and Madame Marie Gaston, whose +names were indicated on the hand-bills by stars only. In his younger +days he had had a play of his put on at the Odeon, a romantic work +after the style of "Pinto,"[*] at a time when the classic was +dominant, and the stage had been so greatly stirred up for three days +that the play was prohibited. At another time he presented at the +Theatre-Francais a great drama that fell "with all the honors of war, +amid the roar of newspaper cannon." In the winter of 1837-38, Vanda de +Mergi read a new romance of Nathan's, entitled "La Perle de Dol." The +memory of his social intrigues still haunted Nathan when he returned +so reluctantly to M. de Clagny, who demanded it of him, a printed +note, announcing the birth of Melchior de la Baudraye, as follows: +"Madame la Baronne de la Baudraye is happily delivered of a child; M. +Etienne Lousteau has the honor of announcing it to you." Nathan sought +the society of Madame de la Baudraye, who got from him, in the rue de +Chartres-du-Roule, at the home of Beatrix de Rochefide, a certain +story, to be arranged as a novel, related more or less after the style +of Sainte-Beuve, concerning the Bohemians and their prince, Rusticoli +de la Palferine. Raoul cultivated likewise the society of the Marquise +de Rochefide, and, one evening of October, 1840, a proscenium box at +the Varietes was the means of bringing together Canalis, Nathan and +Beatrix. Received everywhere, perfectly at home in Marguerite +Turquet's boudoir, Raoul, as a member of a group composed of Bixiou, +La Palferine and Maitre Cardot, heard Maitre Desroches tell how +Cerizet made use of Antonia Chocardelle, to "get even" with Maxime de +Trailles. Nathan afterwards married his misress, Florine, whose maiden +name was really Sophie Grignault. [Lost Illusions. A Distinguished +Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Secrets of a +Princess. A Daughter of Eve. Letters of Two Brides. The Seamy Side of +History. The Muse of the Department. A Prince of Bohemia. A Man of +Business, The Unconscious Humorists.] + +[*] A drama by Nepomucene Lemercier; according to Labitte, "the first + work of the renovated stage." + +NATHAN,[*] (Madame Raoul), wife of the preceding, born Sophie +Grignault, in 1805, in Bretagne. She was a perfect beauty, her foot +alone left something to be desired. When very young she tried the +double career of pleasure and the stage under the now famous name of +Florine. The details of her early life are rather obscure: Madame +Nathan, as supernumerary of the Gaite, had six lovers, before choosing +Etienne Lousteau in that relation in 1821. She was at that time +closely connected with Florentine Cabirolle, Claudine Chaffaroux, +Coralie and Marie Godeschal. She had also a supporter in Matifat, the +druggist, and lodged on the rue de Bondy, where, after a brilliant +success at the Panorama-Dramatique, with Coralie and Bouffe, she +received in maginficent style the diplomatists, Lucien de Rubempre, +Camusot and others. Florine soon made an advantageous change in lover, +home, theatre and protector; Nathan, whom she afterwards married, +supplanted Lousteau about the middle of Louis Philippe's reign. Her +home was on rue Hauteville intead of rue de Bondy; and she had moved +from the stage of the Panorama to that of the Gymnase. Having made an +engagement at the theatre of the Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle, she met +there her old rival, Coralie, against whom she organized a cabal; she +was distinguished for the brilliancy of her costumes, and brought into +her train of followers successively the opulent Dudley, Desire +Minoret, M. des Grassins, the banker of Saumur, and M. du Rouvre; she +even ruined the last two. Florine's fortune rose during the monarchy +of July. Her association with Nathan subserved, moreover, their mutual +interests; the poet won respect for the actress, who knew moreover how +to make herself formidable by her spirit of intrigue and the tartness +of her sallies of wit. Who did not know her mansion on the rue +Pigalle? Indeed, Madame Nathan was an intimate acquaintance of +Coralie, Esther la Torpille, Claudine du Bruel, Euphrasie, Aquilina, +Madame Theodore Gaillard, and Marie Godeschal; entertained Emile +Blondet, Andoche Finot, Etienne Lousteau, Felicien Vernou, Couture, +Bixiou, Rastignac, Vignon, F. du Tillet, Nucingen, and Conti. Her +apartments were embellished with the works of Bixiou, F. Souchet, +Joseph Bridau, and H. Schinner. Madame de Vandenesse, being somewhat +enamored of Nathan, would have destroyed these joys and this splendor, +without heeding the devotion of the writer's mistress, on the one +hand, or the interference of Vandenesse on the other. Florine, having +entirely won back Nathan, made no delay in marrying him. [The Muse of +the Department. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. +Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Government Clerks. A Bachelor's +Establishment. Ursule Mirouet. Eugenie Grandet. The Imaginary +Mistress. A Prince of Bohemia. A Daughter of Eve. The Unconscious +Humorists.] + +[*] On the stage of the Boulevard du Temple Madame Nathan (Florine) + henceforth made a salary of eight thousand francs. + +NAVARREINS (Duc de), born about 1767, son-in-law of the Prince de +Cadignan, through his first marriage; father of Antoinette de +Langeais, kinsman of Madame d'Espard, and cousin of Valentin; accused +of "haughtiness." He was patron of M. du Bruel--Cursy--on his entrance +into the government service; had a lawsuit against the hospitals, +which he entrusted to the care of Maitre Derville. He had Polydore de +la Baudraye dignified to the appointment of collector, in +consideration of his having released him from a debt contracted during +the emigration; held a family council with the Grandlieus and +Chaulieus when his daughter compromised her reputation by accepting an +invitation to the house of Montriveau; was the patron of Victurnien +d'Esgrignon; owned near Ville-aux-Fayes, in the sub-prefecture of +Auxerrois, extensive estates, which were respected by Montcornet's +enemies, the Gaubertins, the Rigous, the Soudrys, the Fourchons, and +the Tonsards; accompanied Madame d'Espard to the Opera ball, when +Jacques Collin and Lucien de Rubempre mystified the marchioness; for +five hundred thousand francs sold to the Graslins his estates and his +Montegnac forest, near Limoges; was an acquaintance of Foedora through +Valentin; was a visitor of the Princesse de Cadignan, after the death +of their common father-in-law, of whom he had little to make boast, +especially in matters of finance. The Duc de Navarrein's mansion at +Paris was on the rue du Bac. [A Bachelor's Establishment. The +Thirteen. Jealousies of a Country Town. The Peasantry. Scenes from a +Courtesan's Life. The Country Parson. The Magic Skin. The Gondreville +Mystery. The Secrets of a Princess. Cousin Betty.] + +NEGREPELISSE (De), a family dating back to the Crusades, already +famous in the times of Saint-Louis, the name of the younger branch of +the "renowned family" of Espard, borne during the restoration in +Angoumois, by M. de Bargeton's father-in-law, M. de Negrepelisse, an +imposing looking old country gentleman, and one of the last +representatives of the old French nobility, mayor of Escarbes, peer of +France, and commander of the Order of Saint-Louis. Negrepelisse +survived by several years his son-in-law, whom he took under his roof +when Anais de Bargeton went to Paris in the summer of 1821. [The +Commission in Lunacy. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at +Paris.] + +NEGREPELISSE (Comte Clement de), born in 1812; cousin of the +preceding, who left him his title. He was the elder of the two +legitimate sons of the Marquis d'Espard. He studied at College Henri +IV., and lived in Paris, under their father's roof, on the rue de la +Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve. The Comte de Negrepelisse seldom visited +his mother, the Marquise d'Espard, who lived apart from her family in +the Faubourg Saint-Honore. [The Commission in Lunacy.] + +NEGRO (Marquis di), a Genoese noble, "Knight Hospitaller endowed with +all known talents," was a visitor, in 1836, of the consul-general of +France, at Genoa, when Maurice de l'Hostal gave before Damaso Pareto, +Claude Vignon, Leon de Lora, and Felicite des Touches, a full account +of the separation, the reconciliation, and, in short, the whole +history of Octave de Bauvan and his wife. [Honorine.] + +NEPOMUCENE, a foundling; servant-boy of Madame Vauthier, manager and +door-keeper of the house on the Boulevard Montparnasse, which was +occupied by the families of Bourlac and Mergi. Nepomucene usually wore +a ragged blouse and, instead of shoes, gaiters or wooden clogs. To his +work with Madame Vauthier was added daily work in the wood-yards of +the vicinity, and, on Sundays and Mondays, during the summer, he +worked also with the wine-merchants at the barrier. [The Seamy Side of +History.] + +NERAUD, a physician at Provins during the Restoration. He ruined his +wife, who was the widow of a grocer named Auffray, and who had married +him for love. He survived her. Being a man of doubtful character and a +rival of Dr. Martener, Neraud attached himself to the party of Gouraud +and Vinet, who represented Liberal ideas; he failed to uphold +Pierrette Lorrain, the granddaughter of Auffray, against her +guardians, the Rogrons. [Pierrette.] + +NERAUD (Madame), wife of the preceding. Married first to Auffray, the +grocer, who was sixty years old; she was only thirty-eight at the +beginning of her widowhood; she married Dr. Neraud almost immediately +after the death of her first husband. By her first marriage she had a +daughter, who was the wife of Major Lorrain, and the mother of +Pierrette. Madame Neraud died of grief, amid squalid surroundings, two +years after her second marriage. The Rogrons, descended from old +Auffray by his first marriage, had stripped her of almost all she had. +[Pierrette.] + +NICOLAS. (See Montauran, Marquis de.) + +NINETTE, born in 1832, "rat" at the Opera in Paris, was acquainted +with Leon de Lora and J.-J. Bixiou, who called Gazonal's attention to +her in 1845. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +NOLLAND (Abbe), the promising pupil of Abbe Roze. Concealed during the +Revolution at the house of M. de Negrepelisse, near Barbezieux, he had +in charge the education of Marie-Louise-Anais (afterwards Madame de +Bargeton), and taught her music, Italian and German. He died in 1802. +[Lost Illusions.] + +NISERON, curate of Blangy (Bourgogne) before the Revolution; +predecessor of Abbe Brossette in this curacy; uncle of Jean-Francois +Niseron. He was led by a childish but innocent indiscretion on the +part of his great-niece, as well as by the influence of Dom Rigou, to +disinherit the Niserons in the interests of the Mesdemoiselles +Pichard, house-keepers in his family. [The Peasantry.] + +NISERON (Jean-Francois), beadle, sacristan, chorister, bell-ringer, +and grave-digger of the parish of Blangy (Bourgogne), during the +Restoration; nephew and only heir of Niseron the cure; born in 1751. +He was delighted at the Revolution, was the ideal type of the +Republican, a sort of Michel Chrestien of the fields; treated with +cold disdain the Pichard family, who took from him the inheritance, to +which he alone had any right; lived a life of poverty and +sequestration; was none the less respected; was of Montcornet's party +represented by Brossette; their opponent, Gregoire Rigou, felt for him +both esteem and fear. Jean-Francois Niseron lost, one after another, +his wife and his two children, and had by his side, in his old days, +only Genevieve, natural daughter of his deceased son, Auguste. [The +Peasantry.] + +NISERON (Auguste), son of the preceding; soldier of the Republic and +of the Empire; while an artilleryman in 1809, he seduced, at Zahara, a +young Montenegrin, Zena Kropoli, who died, at Vincennes, early in the +year 1810, leaving him an infant daughter. Thus he could not realize +his purpose of marrying her. He himself was killed, before Montereau, +during the year 1814, by the bursting of a shell. [The Peasantry.] + +NISERON (Genevieve), natural daughter of the preceding and the +Montenegrin woman, Zena Kropoli; born in 1810, and named Genevieve +after a paternal aunt; an orphan from the age of four, she was reared +in Bourgogne by her grandfather, Jean-Francois Niseron. She had her +father's beauty and her mother's peculiarities. Her patronesses, +Madame Montcornet and Madame de Michaud, bestowed upon her the surname +Pechina, and, to guard her against Nicholas Tonsard's attentions, +placed her in a convent at Auxerre, where she might acquire skill in +sewing and forget Justin Michaud, whom she loved unconsciously. [The +Peasantry.] + +NOEL, book-keeper for Jean-Jules Popinot of Paris, in 1828, at the +time that the judge questioned the Marquis d'Espard, whose wife tried +to deprive him of the right to manage his property. [The Commission in +Lunacy.] + +NOSWELL (Mistress), a rich and eccentric Englishwoman, who was in +Paris at the Hotel Lawson about the middle of Louis Philippe's reign; +after much mental debate she bought of Fritot the shawl called Selim, +which he said at first it was "impossible" for him to sell. +[Gaudissart II.] + +NOUASTRE (Baron de), a refugee of the purest noble blood. A ruined +man, he returned to Alencon in 1800, with his daughter, who was +twenty-two years of age, and found a home with the Marquis +d'Esgrignon, and died of grief two months later. Shortly afterwards +the marquis married the orphan daughter. [Jealousies of a Country +Town.] + +NOURRISSON (Madame), was formerly, under the Empire, attached to the +service of the Prince d'Ysembourg in Paris. The sight of the +disorderly life of a "great lady" of the times decided Madame +Nourrisson's profession. She set up shop as a dealer in old clothes, +and was also known as mistress of various houses of shame. Intimate +relations with Jacqueline Collin, continued for more than twenty +years, made this two-fold business profitable. The two matrons +willingly exchanged, at times, names and business signs, resources and +profits. It was in the old clothes shop, on the rue Neuve-Saint-Marc, +that Frederic de Nucingen bargained for Esther van Gobseck. Towards +the end of Charles X.'s reign, one of Madame Nourrisson's +establishments, on rue Saint-Barbe, was managed by La Gonore; in the +time of Louis Philippe another--a secret affair--existed at the so- +called "Pate des Italiens"; Valerie Marneffe and Wenceslas Steinbock +were once caught there together. Madame Nourrisson, first of the name, +evidently continued to conduct her business on the rue Saint-Marc, +since, in 1845, she narrated the minutiae of it to Madame Mahuchet +before an audience composed of the well-known trio, Bixiou, Lora and +Gazonal, and related to them her own history, disclosing to them the +secrets of her own long past beginnings in life. [Scenes from a +Courtesan's Life. Cousin Betty. The Unconscious Humorists.] + +NOUVION (Comte de), a noble refugee, who had returned in utter +poverty; chevalier of the Order of Saint-Louis; lived in Paris in +1828, subsisting on the delicately disguised charity of his friend, +the Marquis d'Espard, who made him superintendent of the publication, +at No. 22 rue de la Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve, of the "Picturesque +History of China," and offered him a share in the possible profits of +the work. [The Commission in Lunacy.] + +NOVERRE, a celebrated dancer, born in Paris 1727; died in 1807; was +the rather unreliable customer of Chevrel the draper, father-in-law +and predecessor of Guillaume at the Cat and Racket. [At the Sign of +the Cat and Racket.] + +NUCINGEN (Baron Frederic de), born, probably at Strasbourg, about +1767. At that place he was formerly clerk to M. d'Aldrigger, an +Alsatian banker. Of better judgment than his employer, he did not +believe in the success of the Emperor in 1815 and speculated very +skilfully on the battle of Waterloo. Nucingen now carried on business +alone, and on his own account, in Paris and elsewhere; he thus +prepared by degrees the famous house of the rue Saint-Lazare, and laid +the foundation of a fortune, which, under Louis Philippe, reached +almost eighteen million francs. At this period he married one of the +two daughters of a rich vermicelli-maker, Mademoiselle Delphine +Goriot, by whom he had a daughter, Augusta, eventually the wife of +Eugene de Rastignac. From the first years of the Restoration may be +dated the real brilliancy of his career, the result of a combination +with the Kellers, Ferdinand du Tillet, and Eugene de Rastignac in the +successful manipulation of schemes in connection with the Wortschin +mines, followed by opportune assignments and adroitly managed cases of +bankruptcy. These various combinations ruined the Ragons, the +Aiglemonts, the Aldriggers, and the Beaudenords. At this time, too, +Nucingen, though clamorously declaring himself an out-and-out +Bourbonist, turned a deaf ear to Cesar Birotteau's appeals for credit, +in spite of knowing of the latter's consistent Royalism. There was a +time in the baron's life when he seemed to change his nature; it was +when, after giving up his hired dancer, he madly entered upon an amour +with Esther van Gobseck, alarmed his physician, Horace Bianchon, +employed Corentin, Georges, Louchard, and Peyrade, and became +especially the prey of Jacques Collin. After Esther's suicide, in May, +1830, Nuncingen abandoned "Cythera," as Chardin des Lupeaulx had done +before, and became again a man of figures, and was overwhelmed with +favors: insignia, the peerage, and the cross of grand officer of the +Legion of Honor. Nucingen, being respected and esteemed, in spite of +his blunt ways and his German accent, was a patron of Beaudenord, and +a frequent guest of Cointet, the minister; he went everywhere, and, at +the mansion of Mademoiselle des Touches, heard Marsay give an account +of some of his old love-affairs; witnessed, before Daniel d'Arthez, +the calumniation of Diane de Cadignan by every one present in Madame +d'Espard's parlor; guided Maxime de Trailles between the hands, or, +rather, the clutches of Claparon-Cerizet; accepted the invitation of +Josepha Mirah to her reception on the rue Ville-l'Eveque. When +Wenceslas Steinbock married Hortense Hulot, Nucingen and Cottin de +Wissembourg were the bride's witnesses. Furthermore, their father, +Hector Hulot d'Ervy, borrowed of him more than a hundred thousand +francs. The Baron de Nucingen acted as sponsor to Polydore de la +Baudraye when he was admitted to the French peerage. As a friend of +Ferdinand du Tillet, he was admitted on most intimate terms to the +boudoir of Carabine, and he was seen there, one evening in 1845, along +with Jenny Cadine, Gazonal, Bixiou, Leon de Lora, Massol, Claude +Vignon, Trailles, F. du Bruel, Vauvinet, Marguerite Turquet, and the +Gaillards of the rue Menars. [The Firm of Nucingen. Father Goriot. +Pierrette. Cesar Birotteau. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial +at Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Another Study of Woman. The +Secrets of a Princess. A Man of Business. Cousin Betty. The Muse of +the Department. The Unconscious Humorists.] + +NUCINGEN (Baronne Delphine de), wife of the preceding, born in 1792, +of fair complexion; the spoiled daughter of the opulent vermicelli- +maker, Jean-Joachim Goriot; on the side of her mother, who died young, +the granddaughter of a farmer. In the latter period of the Empire she +contracted, greatly to her taste, a marriage for money. Madame de +Nucingen formerly had as her lover Henri de Marsay, who finally +abandoned her most cruelly. Reduced, at the time of Louis XVIII., to +the society of the Chaussee-d'Antin, she was ambitious to be admitted +to the Faubourg Saint-Germain, a circle of which her elder sister, +Madame de Restaud, was a member. Eugene de Rastignac opened to her the +parlor of Madame de Beauseant, his cousin, rue de Greville, in 1819, +and, at about the same time, became her lover. Their liaison lasted +more than fifteen years. An apartment on the rue d'Artois, fitted up +by Jean-Joachim Goriot, sheltered their early love. Having entrusted +to Rastignac a certain sum for play at the Palais-Royal, the baroness +was able with the proceeds to free herself of a humiliating debt to +Marsay. Meanwhile she lost her father. The Nucingen carriage, without +an occupant, however, followed the hearse. [Father Goriot.] Madame de +Nucingen entertained a great deal on the rue Saint-Lazare. It was +there that Auguste de Maulincour saw Clemence Desmarets, and Adolphe +des Grassins met Charles Grandet. [The Thirteen. Eugenie Grandet.] +Cesar Birotteau, on coming to beg credit of Nucingen, as also did +Rodolphe Castanier, immediately after his forgery, found themselves +face to face with the baroness. [Cesar Birotteau. Melmoth Reconciled.] +At this period, Madame de Nucingen took the box at the Opera which +Antoinette de Langeais had occupied, believing undoubtedly, said +Madame d'Espard, that she would inherit her charms, wit and success. +[Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. The Commission +in Lunacy.] According to Diane de Cadignan, Delphine had a horrible +journey when she went to Naples by sea, of which she brought back a +most painful reminder. The baroness showed a haughty and scornful +indulgence when her husband became enamored of Esther van Gobseck. +[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Forgetting her origin she dreamed of +seeing her daughter Augusta become Duchesse d'Herouville; but the +Herouvilles, knowing the muddy source of Nucingen's millions, declined +this alliance. [Modeste Mignon. The Firm of Nucingen.] Shortly after +the year 1830, the baroness was invited to the house of Felicite des +Touches, where she saw Marsay once more, and heard him give an account +of an old love-affair. [Another Study of woman.] Delphine aided Marie +de Vandenesse and Nathan to the extent of forty thousand francs during +the checkered course of their intrigues. She remembered indeed having +gone through similar experiences. [A Daughter of Eve.] About the +middle of the monarchy of July, Madame de Nucingen, as mother-in-law +of Eugene de Rastignac, visited Madame d'Espard and met Maxime de +Trailles and Ferdinand du Tillet in the Faubourg Saint-Germain. [The +Member for Arcis.] + +NUEIL (De), proprietor of the domain of the Manervilles, which, +doubtless, descended to the younger son, Gaston. [The Deserted Woman.] + +NUEIL (Madame de), wife of the preceding, survived her husband, and +her eldest son, became the dowager Comtesse de Nueil, and afterwards +owned the domain of Manerville, to which she withdrew in retirement. +She was the type of the scheming mother, careful and correct, but +worldly. She matched off Gaston, and was thereby involuntarily the +cause of his death. [The Deserted Woman.] + +NUEIL (De), eldest son of the preceding, died of consumption in the +reign of Louis XVIII., leaving the title of Comte de Nueil to his +younger brother, Baron Gaston. [The Deserted Woman.] + +NUEIL (Gaston de), son of the Nueils and brother of the preceding, +born about 1799, of good extraction and with fortune suitable to his +rank. He went, in 1822, to Bayeux, where he had family connections, in +order to recuperate from the wearing fatigues of Parisian life; had an +opportunity to force open the closed door of Claire de Beauseant, who +had been living in retirement in that vicinity ever since the marriage +of Miguel d'Ajuda-Pinto to Berthe de Rochefide; he fell in love with +her, his love was reciprocated, and for nearly ten years he lived with +her as her husband in Normandie and Switzerland. Albert Savarus, in +his autobiographical novel, "L'Ambitieux par Amour," made a vague +reference to them as living together on the shore of Lake Geneva. +After the Revolution of 1830, Gaston de Nueil, already rich from his +Norman estates that afforded an income of eighteen thousand francs, +married Mademoiselle Stephanie de la Rodiere. Wearying of the marriage +tie, he wished to renew his former relations with Madame de Beauseant. +Exasperated by the haughty repulse at the hands of his former +mistress, Nueil killed himself. [The Deserted Woman. Albert Savarus.] + +NUEIL (Madame Gaston de), born Stephanie de la Rodiere, about 1812, a +very insignificant character, married, at the beginning of Louis +Philippe's reign, Gaston de Nueil, to whom she brought an income of +forty thousand francs a year. She was enceinte after the first month +of her marriage. Having become Countess de Nueil, by succession, upon +the death of her brother-in-law, and being deserted by Gaston, she +continued to live in Normandie. Madame Gaston de Nueil survived her +husband. [The Deserted Woman.] + + + +O + +O'FLAHARTY (Major), maternal uncle of Raphael de Valentin, to whom he +bequeathed ten millions upon his death in Calcutta, August, 1828. [The +Magic Skin.] + +OIGNARD, in 1806 was chief clerk to Maitre Bordin, a Parisian lawyer. +[A Start in Life.] + +OLGA, daughter of the Topinards, born in 1840. She was not a +legitimate child, as her parents were not married at the time when +Schmucke saw her with them in 1846. He loved her for the beauty of her +light Teutonic hair. [Cousin Pons.] + +OLIVET, an Angouleme lawyer, succeeded by Petit-Claude. [Lost +Illusions.] + +OLIVIER was in the service of the policeman, Corentin and Peyrade, +when they found the Hauteserres and the Simeuses with the Cinq-Cygne +family in 1803. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +OLIVIER (Monsieur and Madame), first in the employ of Charles X. as +outrider and laundress; had charge of three children, of whom the +eldest became an under notary's clerk; were finally, under Louis +Philippe, servants of the Marneffes and of Mademoiselle Fischer, to +whom, through craftiness or gratitude, they devoted themselves +exclusively. [Cousin Betty.] + +ORFANO (Duc d'), title of Marechal Cottin. + +ORGEMONT (D'), wealthy and avaricious banker, proprietor at Fougeres, +bought the Abbaye de Juvigny's estate. He remained neutral during the +Chouan insurrection of 1799 and came into contact with Coupiau, +Galope-Chopine, and Mesdames du Gua-Saint-Cyr and de Montauran. [The +Chouans.] + +ORGEMONT (D'), brother of the preceding, a Breton priest who took the +oath of allegiance. He died in 1795 and was buried in a secluded spot, +discovered and preserved by M. d'Orgemont, the banker, as a place of +hiding from the fury of the Vendeans. [The Chouans.] + +ORIGET, famous Tours physician; known to the Mortsaufs, chatelains of +Clochegourde. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +ORSONVAL (Madame d'), frequently visited the Cruchot and Grandet +families at Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] + +OSSIAN, valet in the service of Mougin, the well-known hair-dresser on +the Place de la Bourse, in 1845. Ossian's duty was to show the patrons +out, and in this capacity he attended Bixiou, Lora and Gazonal. [The +Unconscious Humorists.] + +OTTOBONI, an Italian conspirator who hid in Paris. In 1831, on dining +at the Giardinis on rue Froidmanteau, he became acquainted with the +Gambaras. [Gambara.] + + + +P + +PACCARD, released convict, in Jacques Collin's clutches, well known as +a thief and drunkard. He was Prudence Servien's lover, and both were +employed by Esther van Gobseck at the same time, Paccard being a +footman; lived with a carriage-maker on rue de Provence, in 1829. +After stealing seven hundred and fifty thousand francs, which had been +left by Esther van Gobseck, he was obliged to give up seven hundred +and thirty thousand of them. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +PACCARD (Mademoiselle), sister of the preceding, in the power of +Jacqueline Collin. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +PALMA, Parisian banker of the Poissoniere suburbs; had, during the +regime of the Restoration and of July, great fame as a financier. He +was "private counsel for the Keller establishment." Birotteau, the +perfumer, at the time of his financial troubles, vainly asked him for +help. [The Firm of Nucingen. Cesar Birotteau.] With Werbrust as a +partner he dealt in discounts as shrewdly as did Gobseck and Bidault, +and thus was in a position to help Lucien de Rubempre. [Gobseck. Lost +Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] He was also M. +Werbrust's associate in the muslin, calico and oil-cloth establishment +at No. 5 rue du Sentier, when Maximilien was so friendly with the +Fontaines. [The Ball at Sceaux.] + +PAMIERS (Vidame de), "oracle of Faubourg Saint-Germain at the time of +the Restoration," a member of the family council dealing with +Antoinette de Langeais, who was accused of compromising herself with +Montriveau. Past-commander of the Order of Malta, prominent in both +the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, old and confidential friend +of the Baronne de Maulincour. Pamiers reared the young Baron Auguste +de Maulincour, defending him with all his power against Bourignard's +hatred. [The Thirteen.] As a former intimate friend of the Marquis +d'Esgrignon, the vidame introduced the Vicomte d'Esgrignon--Victurnien +--to Diane de Maufrigneuse. An intimate friendship between the young +man and the future Princess de Cadignan was the result. [Jealousies of +a Country Town.] + +PANNIER, merchant and banker after 1794; treasurer of the "brigands"; +connected with the uprising of the Chauffeurs of Mortagne in 1809. +Having been condemned to twenty years of hard labor, Pannier was +branded and placed in the galleys. Appointed lieutenant-general under +Louis XVIII., he governed a royal castle. He died without children. +[The Seamy Side of History.] + +PARADIS, born in 1830; Maxime de Trailles' servant-boy or "tiger"; +quick and bold; made a tour, during the election period in the spring +of 1839, through the Arcis-sur-Aube district, with his master, meeting +Goulard, the sub-prefect, Poupart, the tavern-keeper, and the +Maufrigneuses and Mollots of Cinq-Cygne. [The Member for Arcis.] + +PARQUOI (Francois), one of the Chouans, for whom Abbe Gudin held a +funeral mass in the heart of the forest, not far from Fougeres, in the +autumn of 1799. Francois Parquoi died, as did Nicolas Laferte, Joseph +Brouet and Sulpice Coupiau, of injuries received at the battle of La +Pelerine and at the siege of Fougeres. [The Chouans.] + +PASCAL, porter of the Thuilliers in the Place de la Madeleine house; +acted also as beadle at La Madeleine church. [The Middle Classes.] + +PASCAL (Abbe), chaplain at Limoges prison in 1829; gentle old man. He +tried vainly to obtain a confession from Jean-Francois Tascheron, who +had been imprisoned for robbery followed by murder. [The Country +Parson.] + +PASTELOT, priest in 1845, in the Saint-Francois church in the Marais, +on the street now called rue Charlot; watched over the dead body of +Sylvain Pons. [Cousin Pons.] + +PASTUREAU (Jean Francois), in 1829, owner of an estate in Isere, the +value of which was said to have been impaired by the passing by of +Doctor Benassis' patients. [The Country Doctor.] + +PATRAT (Maitre), notary at Fougeres in 1799, an acquaintance of +D'Orgemont, the banker, and introduced to Marie de Verneuil by the old +miser. [The Chouans.] + +PATRIOTE, a monkey, which Marie de Verneuil, its owner, had taught to +counterfeit Danton. The craftiness of this animal reminded Marie of +Corentin. [The Chouans.] + +PAULINE, for a long time Julie d'Aiglemont's waiting-maid. [A Woman of +Thirty.] + +PAULMIER, employed under the Restoration in the Ministry of Finance in +Isidore Baudoyer's bureau of Flamet de la Billardiere's division. +Paulmier was a bachelor, but quarreled continually with his married +colleague, Chazelles. [The Government Clerks.] + +PAZ (Thaddee), Polish descendant of a distinguished Florentine family, +the Pazzi, one of whose members had become a refugee in Poland. Living +contemporaneously with his fellow-citizen and friend, the Comte Adam +Mitgislas Laginski, like him Thaddee Paz fought for his country, later +on following him into exile in Paris, during the reign of Louis +Philippe. Bearing up bravely in his poverty, he was willing to become +steward to the count, and he made an able manager of the Laginski +mansion. He gave up this position, when, having become enamored of +Clementine Laginska, he saw that he could no longer control his +passion by means of a pretended mistress, Marguerite Turquet, the +horsewoman. Paz (pronounced Pac), who had willingly assumed the title +of captain, had seen the Steinbocks married. His departure from France +was only feigned, and he once more saw the Comtesse Laginska, during +the winter of 1842. At Rusticoli he took her away from La Palferine, +who was on the point of carrying her away. [The Imaginary Mistress. +Cousin Betty.] + +PECHINA (La), nick-name of Genevieve Niseron. + +PEDEROTTI (Signor), father of Madame Maurice de l'Hostal. He was a +Genoa banker; gave his only daughter a dowry of a million; married her +to the French consul, and left her, on dying six months later in +January, 1831, a fortune made in grain and amounting to two millions. +Pederotti had been made count by the King of Sardinia, but, as he left +no male heir, the title became extinct. [Honorine.] + +PELLETIER, one of Benassis' patients in Isere, who died in 1829, was +buried on the same day as the last "cretin," which had been kept on +account of popular superstition. Pelletier left a wife, who saw +Genestas, and several children, of whom the eldest, Jacques, was born +about 1807. [The Country Doctor.] + +PEN-HOEL (Jacqueline de), of a very old Breton family, lived at +Guerande, where she was born about 1780. Sister-in-law of the +Kergarouets of Nantes, the patrons of Major Brigaut, who, despite the +displeasure of the people, did not themselves hesitate to assume the +name of Pen-Hoel. Jacqueline protected the daughters of her younger +sister, the Vicomtesse de Kergarouet. She was especially attracted to +her eldest niece, Charlotte, to whom she intended to give a dowry, as +she desired the girl to marry Calyste du Guenic, who was in love with +Felicite des Touches. [Beatrix.] + +PEROUX (Abbe), brother of Madame Julliard; vicar of Provins during the +Restoration. [Pierrette.] + +PERRACHE, small hunchback, shoemaker by trade, and, in 1840, porter in +a house belonging to Corentin on rue Honore-Chevalier, Paris. [The +Middle Classes.] + +PERRACHE (Madame), wife of the preceding, often visited Madame +Cardinal, niece of Toupillier, one of Corentin's renters. [The Middle +Classes.] + +PERRET, with his partner, Grosstete, preceded Pierre Graslin in a +banking-house at Limoges, in the early part of the nineteenth century. +[The Country Parson.] + +PERRET (Madame), wife of the preceding, an old woman in 1829, +disturbed herself, as did every one in Limoges, over the assassination +committed by Jean-Francois Tascheron. [The Country Parson.] + +PERROTET, in 1819, laborer on Felix Grandet's farm in the suburbs of +Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] + +PETIT-CLAUD, son of a very poor tailor of L'Houmeau, a suburb of +Angouleme, where he pursued his studies in the town lyceum, becoming +acquainted at the same time with Lucien de Rubempre. He studied law at +Poitiers. On going back to the chief city of La Charente, he became +clerk to Maitre Olivet, an attorney whom he succeeded. Now began +Petit-Claud's period of revenge for the insults which his poverty and +homeliness had brought on. He met Cointet, the printer, and went into +his employ, although at the same time he feigned allegiance to the +younger Sechard, also a printer. This conduct paved the way for his +accession to the magistracy. He was in turn deputy and king's +procureur. Petit-Claud did not leave Angouleme, but made a profitable +marriage in 1822 with Mademoiselle Francoise de la Haye, natural +daughter of Francis du Hautoy and of Madame de Senonches. [Lost +Illusions.] + +PETIT-CLAUD (Madame), wife of the preceding, natural daughter of +Francis du Hautoy and of Madame de Senonches; born Francoise de la +Haye, given into the keeping of old Madame Cointet; married through +the instrumentality of Madame Cointet's son, the printer, known as +Cointet the Great. Madame Petit-Claud, though insignificant and +forward, was provided with a very substantial dowry. [Lost Illusions.] + +PEYRADE, born about 1758 in Provence, Comtat, in a large family of +poor people who eked out a scant subsistence on a small estate called +Canquoelle. Peyrade, paternal uncle of Theodose de la Peyrade, was of +noble birth, but kept the fact secret. He went from Avignon to Paris +in 1776, where he entered the police force two years later. Lenoir +thought well of him. Peyrade's success in life was impaired only by +his immoralities; otherwise it would have been much more brilliant and +lasting. He had a genius for spying, also much executive ability. +Fouche employed him and Corentin in connection with the affair of +Gondreville's imaginary abduction. A kind of police ministry was given +to him in Holland. Louis XVIII. counseled with him and gave him +employment, but Charles X. held aloof from this shrewd employe. +Peyrade lived in poverty on rue des Moineaux with an adored daughter, +Lydie, the child of La Beaumesnil of the Comedie-Francaise. Certain +events brought him into the notice of Nucingen, who employed him in +the search for Esther Gobseck, at the same time warning him against +the courtesan's followers. The police department, having been told of +this arrangement by the so-called Abbe Carlos Herrera, would not +permit him to enter into the employ of a private individual. Despite +the protection of his friend, Corentin, and the talent as a policeman, +which he had shown under the assumed names of Canquoelle and Saint- +Germain, especially in connection with F. Gaudissart's seizure, +Peyrade failed in his struggle with Jacques Collin. His excellent +transformation into a nabob defender of Madame Theodore Gaillard made +the former convict so angry that, during the last years of the +Restoration, he took revenge on him by making away with him. Peyrade's +daughter was abducted and he died from the effects of poison. [The +Gondreville Mystery. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +PEYRADE (Lydie).[*] (See La Peyrade, Madame Theodose de.) + +[*] Under the title of "Lydie" a portion of the life of Peyrade's + daughter was used in a play presented at the Theatre des Nations, + now Theatre de Paris, but the author did not publish his play. + +PHELLION, born in 1780, husband of a La Perche woman, who bore him +three children, two of whom were sons, Felix and Marie-Theodore, and +one a daughter, who became Madame Burniol; clerk in the Ministry of +Finance, Xavier Rabourdin's bureau, division of Flamet de la +Billardiere, a position which he held until the close of 1824. He +upheld Rabourdin, who, in turn, often defended him. While living on +rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques near the Sourds-Muets, he taught +history, literature and elementary ethics to the students of +Mesdemoiselles La Grave. The Revolution of July did not affect him; +even his retirement from service did not cause him to give up the home +in which he remained for at least thirty years. He bought for eighteen +thousand francs a small house on Feuillantines lane, now rue des +Feuillantines, which he occupied, after he had improved it, in a +serious Bourgeois manner. Phellion was a major in the National Guard. +For the most part he still had the same friends, meeting and visiting +frequently Baudoyer, Dutocq, Fleury, Godard, Laudigeois, Rabourdin, +Madame Poiret the elder, and especially the Colleville, Thuillier and +Minard families. His leisure time was occupied with politics and art. +At the Odeon he was on a committee of classical reading. His political +influence and vote were sought by Theodose de la Peyrade in the +interest of Jerome Thuillier's candidacy for the General Council; for +Phellion favored another candidate, Horace Bianchon, relative of the +highly-honored J.-J. Popinot. [The Government Clerks. The Middle +Classes.] + +PHELLION (Madame), wife of the preceding; belonged to a family who +lived in a western province. Her family being so large that the income +of more than nine thousand francs, pension and rentals, was +insufficient, she continued, under Louis Philippe, to give lessons in +harmony to Mesdemoiselles La Grave, as in the Restoration, with the +strictness observed in her every-day life. + +PHELLION (Felix), eldest son of the preceding couple, born in 1817; +professor of mathematics in a Royal college at Paris, then a member of +the Academy of Sciences, and chevalier of the Legion of Honor. By his +remarkable works and his discovery of a star, he was thus made famous +before he was twenty-five years old, and married, after this fame had +come to him, Celeste-Louise-Caroline-Brigette Colleville, the sister +of one of his pupils and a woman for whom his love was so strong that +he gave up Voltairism for Catholicism. [The Middle Classes.] + +PHELLION (Madame Felix), wife of the preceding; born Celeste-Louise- +Caroline-Brigitte Colleville. Although M. and Madame Colleville's +daughter, she was reared almost entirely by the Thuilliers. Indeed, M. +L.-J. Thuillier, who had been one of Madame Flavie Colleville's +lovers, passed for Celeste's father. M., Madame and Mademoiselle +Thuillier were all determined to give her their Christian names and to +make up a large dowry for her. Olivier Vinet, Godeschal, Theodose de +la Peyrade, all wished to marry Mademoiselle Colleville. Nevertheless, +although she was a devoted Christian, she loved Felix Phellion, the +Voltairean, and married him after his conversion to Catholicism. [The +Middle Classes.] + +PHELLION (Marie-Theodore), Felix Phellion's younger brother, in 1840 +pupil at the Ecole des Ponts et Chaussees. [The Middle Classes.] + +PHILIPPART (Messieurs), owners of a porcelain manufactory at Limoges, +in which was employed Jean-Francois Tascheron, the murderer of Pingret +and Jeanne Malassis. [The Country Parson.] + +PHILIPPE, employed in Madame Marie Gaston's family; formerly an +attendant of the Princesse de Vauremont; later became the Duc Henri de +Chaulieu's servant; finally entered Marie Gaston's household, where he +was employed after his wife's decease. [Letters of Two Brides. The +Member for Arcis.] + +PICHARD (Mademoiselle), house-keeper of Niseron, vicar of Blangy in +Bourgogne. Prior to 1789 she brought her niece, Mademoiselle Arsene +Pichard, to his house. [The Peasantry.] + +PICHARD (Arsene), niece of the preceding. (See Rigou, Madame +Gregoire.) [The Peasantry.] + +PICOT (Nepomucene), astronomer and mathematician, friend of Biot after +1807, author of a "Treatise on Differential Logarithms," and +especially of a "Theory of Perpetual Motion," four volumes, quarto, +with engravings, Paris, 1825; lived, in 1840, No. 9 rue du Val-de- +Grace. Being very near-sighted and erratic, the prey of his thieving +servant, Madame Lambert, his family thought that he needed a +protector. Being instructor of Felix Phellion, with whom he took a +trip to England, Picot made known his pupil's great ability, which the +boy had modestly kept secret, at the home of the Thuilliers, Place de +la Madeleine, before an audience composed of the Collevilles, Minards +and Phellions. Celeste Colleville's future was thus determined. As +Picot was decorated late in life, his marriage to a wealthy and +eccentric Englishwoman of forty was correspondingly late. After +passing through a successful operation for a cancer, he returned "a +new man," to the home of the Thuilliers. He was led through gratitude +to leave to the Felix Phellions the wealth brought him by Madame +Picot. [The Middle Classes.] + +PICQUOISEAU (Comtesse), widow of a colonel. She and Madame de +Vaumerland boarded with one of Madame Vauquer's rivals, according to +Madame de l'Ambermesnil. [Father Goriot.] + +PIUS VII. (Barnabas Chiaramonti), lived from 1740 till 1823; pope. +Having been asked by letter in 1806, if a woman might go /decollete/ +to the ball or to the theatre, without endangering her welfare, he +answered his correspondent, Madame Angelique de Granville, in a manner +befitting the gentle Fenelon. [A Second Home.] + +PIEDEFER (Abraham), descendant of a middle class Calvinist family of +Sancerre, whose ancestors in the sixteenth century were skilled +workmen, and subsequently woolen-drapers; failed in business during +the reign of Louis XVI.; died about 1786, leaving two sons, Moise and +Silas, in poverty. [The Muse of the Department.] + +PIEDEFER (Moise), elder son of the preceding, profited by the +Revolution in imitating his forefathers; tore down abbeys and +churches; married the only daughter of a Convention member who had +been guillotined, and by her had a child, Dinah, later Madame Milaud +de la Baudraye; compromised his fortune by his agricultural +speculations; died in 1819. [The Muse of the Department.] + +PIEDEFER (Silas), son of Abraham Piedefer, and younger brother of the +preceding; did not receive, as did Moise Piedefer, his part of the +small paternal fortune; went to the Indies; died, about 1837, in New +York, with a fortune of twelve hundred thousand francs. This money was +inherited by his niece, Madame de la Baudraye, but was seized by her +husband. [The Muse of the Department.] + +PIEDEFER (Madame Moise), sister-in-law of the preceding, unaffable and +excessively pious; pensioned by her son-in-law; lived successively in +Sancerre and at Paris with her daughter, Madame de la Baudraye, whom +she managed to separate from Etienne Lousteau. [The Muse of the +Department.] + +PIERQUIN, born about 1786, successor to his father as notary in Douai; +distant cousin of the Molina-Claes of rue de Paris, through the +Pierquins of Antwerp; self-interested and positive by nature; aspired +to the hand of Marguerite Claes, eldest daughter of Balthazar, who +afterwards became Madame Emmanuel de Solis; finally married Felicie, a +younger sister of his first choice, in the second year of Charles X.'s +reign. [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +PIERQUIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Felicie Claes, found, +as a young girl, a second mother in her elder sister, Marguerite. [The +Quest of the Absolute.] + +PIERQUIN, brother-in-law of the preceding; physician who attended the +Claes at Douai. [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +PIERROT, assumed name of Charles-Amedee-Louis-Joseph Rifoel, Chevalier +du Vissard. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +PIERROTIN, born in 1781. After having served in the cavalry, he left +the service in 1815 to succeed his father as manager of a stage-line +between Paris and Isle-Adam--an undertaking which, though only +moderately successful, finally flourished. One morning in the autumn +of 1822, he received as passengers, at the Lion d'Argent, some people, +either famous or of rising fame, the Comte Hugret de Serizy, Leon de +Lora and Joseph Bridau, and took them to Presles, a place near +Beaumont. Having become "coach-proprietor of Oise," in 1838 he married +his daughter, Georgette, to Oscar Husson, a high officer, who, upon +retiring, had been appointed to a collectorship in Beaumont, and who, +like the Canalises and the Moreaus, had for a long time been one of +Pierrotin's customers. [A Start in Life.] + +PEITRO, Corsican servant of the Bartolomeo di Piombos, kinsmen of +Madame Luigi Porta. [The Vendetta.] + +PIGEAU, during the Restoration, at one time head-carrier and +afterwards owner of a small house, which he had built with his own +hands and on a very economical basis, at Nanterre (between Paris and +Saint-Germain-in-Laye). [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +PIGEAU (Madame), wife of the preceding; belonged to a family of wine +merchants. After her husband's death, about the end of the +Restoration, she inherited a little property, which caused her much +unhappiness, in consequence of her avarice and distrust. Madame Pigeau +was planning to remove from Nanterre to Saint-Germain with a view to +living there on her annuity, when she was murdered with her servant +and her dogs, by Theodore Calvi, in the winter of 1828-29. [Scenes +from a Courtesan's Life.] + +PIGERON, of Auxerre, was murdered, it is said, by his wife; be that as +it may, the autopsy, entrusted to Vermut, a druggist of Soulanges, in +Bourgogne, proved the use of poison. [The Peasantry.] + +PIGOULT, was head clerk in the office where Malin de Gondreville and +Grevin studied pettifogging; was, about 1806, first justice of the +peace at Arcis, and then president of the tribunal of the same town, +at the time of the lawsuit in connection with the abduction of Malin, +when he and Grevin were the prosecuting attorneys. [The Gondreville +Mystery.] In the neighborhood of 1839, Pigoult was still living, +having his home in the ward. At that time he made public recognition +of Pantaleon, Marquis de Sallenauve, and supposed father of Charles +Dorlange, Comte de Sallenauve, thus serving the interests, or rather +the ambitions, of deputy. [The Member for Arcis.] + +PIGOULT, son of the preceding, acquired the hat manufactory of Phileas +Beauvisage, made a failure of the undertaking, and committed suicide; +but appeared to have had a natural, though sudden, death. [The Member +for Arcis.] + +PIGOULT (Achille), son of the preceding and grandson of the next +preceding, born in 1801. A man of unattractive personality, but of +great intelligence, he supplanted Grevin, and, in 1819, was the +busiest notary of Arcis. Gondreville's influence, and his intimacy +with Beauvisage and Giguet, were the causes of his taking a prominent +part in the political contests of that period; he opposed Simon +Giguet's candidacy, and successfully supported the Comte de +Sallenauve. The introduction of the Marquis Pantaleon de Sallenauve to +old Pigoult was brought about through Achille Pigoult, and assured a +triumph for the sculptor, Sallenauve-Dorlange. [The Member for Arcis.] + +PILLERAULT (Claude-Joseph), a very upright Parisian trader, proprietor +of the Cloche d'Or, a hardware establishment on the Quai de la +Ferraille; made a modest fortune, and retired from business in 1814. +After losing, one after another, his wife, his son, and an adopted +child, Pillerault devoted his life to his niece, Constance-Barbe- +Josephine, of whom he was guardian and only relative. Pillerault lived +on the rue des Bourdonnais, in 1818, occupying a small apartment let +to him by Camusot of the Cocon d'Or. During that period, Pillerault +was remarkable for the intelligence, energy and courage displayed in +connection with the unfortunate Birotteaus, who were falling into bad +repute. He found out Claparon, and terrified Molineux, both enemies of +the Birotteaus. Politics and the Cafe David, situated between the rue +de la Monnaie and the rue Saint-Honore, consumed the leisure hours of +Pillerault, who was a stoical and staunch Republican; he was +exceedingly considerate of Madame Vaillant, his house-keeper, and +treated Manuel, Foy, Perier, Lafayette and Courier as gods. [Cesar +Birotteau.] Pillerault lived to a very advanced age. The Anselme +Popinots, his grand-nephew and grand-niece, paid him a visit in 1844. +Poulain cured the old man of an illness when he was more than eighty +years of age; he then owned an establishment (rue de Normandie, in the +Marais), managed by the Cibots, and counting among its occupants the +Chapoulot family, Schmucke and Sylvain Pons. [Cousin Pons.] + +PILLERAULT (Constance-Barbe-Josephine). (See Birotteau, Madame Cesar.) + +PIMENTEL (Marquis and Marquise de), enjoyed extended influence during +the Restoration, not only with the society element of Paris, but +especially in the department of Charente, where they spent their +summers. They were reputed to be the wealthiest land-owners around +Angouleme, were on intimate terms with their peers, the Rastignacs, +together with whom they composed the shining lights of the Bargeton +circle. [Lost Illusions.] + +PINAUD (Jacques), a "poor linen-merchant," the name under which M. +d'Orgemont, a wealthy broker of Fougeres, tried to conceal his +identity from the Chouans, in 1799, to avoid being a victim of their +robbery. [The Chouans.] + +PINGRET, uncle of Monsieur and Madame des Vauneaulx; a miser, who +lived in an isolated house in the Faubourg Saint-Etienne, near +Limoges; robbed and murdered, with his servant Jeanne Malassis, one +night in March, 1829, by Jean-Francois Tascheron. [The Country +Parson.] + +PINSON, long a famous Parisian restaurant-keeper of the rue de +l'Ancienne-Comedie, at whose establishment Theodose de la Peyrade, +reduced, in the time of Louis Philippe, to the uttermost depths of +poverty, dined, at the expense of Cerizet and Dutocq, at a cost of +forty-seven francs; there also these three men concluded a compact to +further their mutual interests. [The Middle Classes.] + +PIOMBO (Baron Bartolomeo di), born in 1738, a fellow-countryman and +friend of Napoleon Bonaparte, whose mother he had protected during the +Corsican troubles. After a terrible vendetta, carried out in Corsica +against all the Portas except one, he had to leave his country, and +went in great poverty to Paris with his family. Through the +intercession of Lucien Bonaparte, he saw the First Consul (October, +1800) and obtained property, titles and employment. Piombo was not +without gratitude; the friend of Daru, Drouot, and Carnot, he gave +evidence of devotion to his benefactor until the latter's death. The +return of the Bourbons did not deprive him entirely of the resources +that he had acquired. For his Corsican property Bartolomeo received of +Madame Letitia Bonaparte a sum which allowed him to purchase and +occupy the Portenduere mansion. The marriage of his adored daughter, +Ginevra, who, against her father's will, became the wife of the last +of the Portas, was a source of vexation and grief to Piombo, that +nothing could diminish. [The Vendetta.] + +PIOMBO (Baronne Elisa di), born in 1745, wife of the preceding and +mother of Madame Porta, was unable to obtain from Bartolomeo the +pardon of Ginevra, whom he would not see after her marriage. [The +Vendetta.] + +PIOMBO (Ginevra di). (See Porta, Madame Luigi.) + +PIOMBO (Gregorio di), brother of the preceding, and son of Bartolomeo +and Elisa di Piombo; died in his infancy, a victim of the Portas, in +the vendetta against the Piombos. [The Vendetta.] + +PIQUETARD (Agathe). (See Hulot d'Ervy, Baronne Hector.) + +PIQUOIZEAU, porter of Frederic de Nucingen, when Rodolphe Castanier +was cashier at the baron's bank. [Melmoth Reconciled.] + +PLAISIR, an "illustrious hair-dresser" of Paris; in September, 1816, +on the rue Taitbout, he waited on Caroline Crochard de Bellefeuille, +at that time mistress of the Comte de Granville. [A Second Home.] + +PLANCHETTE, an eminent professor of mechanics, consulted by Raphael de +Valentin on the subject of the wonderful piece of shagreen that the +young man had in his possession; he took him to Spieghalter, the +mechanician, and to Baron Japhet, the chemist, who tried in vain to +stretch this skin. The failure of science in this effort was a cause +of amazement to Planchette and Japhet. "They were like Christians come +from the tomb without finding a God in heaven." Planchette was a tall, +thin man, and a sort of poet always in deep contemplation. [The Magic +Skin.] + +PLANTIN, a Parisian publicist, was, in 1834, editor of a review, and +aspired to the position of master of requests in the Council of State, +when Blondet recommended him to Raoul Nathan, who was starting a great +newspaper. [A Daughter of Eve.] + +PLISSOUD, like Brunet, court-crier at Soulanges (Bourgogne), and +afterwards Brunet's unfortunate competitor. He belonged, during the +Restoration, to the "second" society of his village, witnessed his +exclusion from the "first" by reason of the misconduct of his wife, +who was born Euphemie Wattebled. Being a gambler and a drinker, +Plissoud did not save any money; for, though he was appointed to many +offices, they were all lacking in lucrativeness; he was insurance +agent, as well as agent for a society that insured against the chances +for conscription. Being an enemy of Soudry's party, Maitre Plissoud +might readily have served, especially for pecuniary considerations, +the interests of Montcornet, proprietor at Aigues. [The Peasantry.] + +PLISSOUD (Madame Euphemie), wife of the preceding and daughter of +Wattebled; ruled the "second" society of Soulanges, as Madame Soudry +did the first, and though married to Plissoud, lived with Lupin as if +she were his wife. [The Peasantry.] + +POIDEVIN, was, in the month of November, 1806, second clerk of Maitre +Bordin, a Paris attorney. [A Start in Life.] + +POINCET, an old and unfortunate public scribe, and interpreter at the +Palais de Justice of Paris; about 1815, he went with Christemio to see +Henri de Marsay, in order to translate the words of the messenger of +Paquita Valdes. [The Thirteen.] + +POIREL (Abbe), a priest of Tours; advanced to the canonry at the time +that Monsieur Troubert and Mademoiselle Gamard persecuted Abbe +Francois Birotteau. [The Vicar of Tours.] + +POIRET, the elder, born at Troyes. He was the son of a clerk and of a +woman whose wicked ways were notorious and who died in a hospital. +Going to Paris with a younger brother, they became clerks in the +Department of Finance under Robert Lindet; there he met Antoine, the +office boy; he left the department, in 1816, with a retiring pension, +and was replaced by Saillard. [The Government Clerks.] Afflicted with +cretinism he remained a bachelor because of the horror inspired by the +memory of his mother's immoral life; he was a confirmed /idemiste/, +repeating, with slight variation, the words of those with whom he was +conversing. Poiret established himself on the rue Neuve-Sainte- +Genevieve, at Madame Vauquer's private boarding-house; he occupied the +second story at the widow's house, became intimate with Christine- +Michelle Michonneau and married her, when Horace Bianchon demanded the +exclusion of this young woman from the house for denouncing Jacques +Collin (1819). [Father Goriot.] Poiret often afterwards met M. +Clapart, an old comrade whom he had found again on the rue de la +Cerisaie; had apartments on the rue des Poules and lost his health. [A +Start in Life. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] He died during the +reign of Louis Philippe. [The Middle Classes.] + +POIRET (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Christine-Michelle +Michonneau, in 1779, doubtless had a stormy youth. Pretending to have +been persecuted by the heirs of a rich old man for whom she had cared, +Christine-Michelle Michonneau went, during the Restoration, to board +with Madame Vauquer, the third floor of the house on rue Neuve-Sainte- +Genevieve; made Poiret her squire; made a deal with Bibi-Lupin-- +Gondureau--to betray Jacques Collin, one of Madame Vauquer's guests. +Having thus sated her cupidity and her bitter feelings, Mademoiselle +Michonneau was forced to leave the house on rue Neuve-Sainte- +Genevieve, at the formal demand of Bianchon, another of the guests. +[Father Goriot.] Accompanied by Poiret, whom she afterwards married, +she moved to the rue des Poules and rented furnished rooms. Being +summoned before the examining magistrate Camusot (May, 1830), she +recognized Jacques Collin in the pseudo Abbe Carlos Herrera. [Scenes +from a Courtesan's Life.] Ten years later, Madame Poiret, now a widow, +was living on a corner of the rue des Postes, and numbered Cerizet +among her lodgers. [The Middle Classes.] + +POIRET, the younger, brother of Poiret the elder, and brother-in-law +of the preceding, born in 1771; had the same start, the same +instincts, and the same weakness of intellect as the elder; ran the +same career, overwhelmed with work under Lindet; remained at the +Treasury as copying clerk ten years longer than Poiret the elder, was +also book-keeper for two merchants, one of whom was Camusot of the +Cocon d'Or; he lived on the rue du Martroi; dined regularly at the +Veau qui Tette, on the Place du Chatelet; bought his hats of Tournan, +on rue Saint-Martin; and, a victim of J.-J. Bixiou's practical jokes, +he wound up by being business clerk in the office of Xavier Rabourdin. +Being retired on January 1, 1825, Poiret the younger counted on living +at Madame Vauquer's boarding-house. [The Government Clerks.] + +POLISSARD, appraiser of the wood of the Ronquerolles estate in 1821; +at this time, probably on the recommendation of Gaubertin, he employed +as agent for the wood-merchant, Vaudoyer, a peasant of Ronquerolles, +who had shortly before been discharged from the post of forest-keeper +of Blangy (Bourgogne). [The Peasantry.] + +POLLET, book-publisher in Paris, in 1821; a rival of Doguereau; +published "Leonide ou La Vieille de Suresnes," a romance by Victor +Ducange; had business relations with Porchon and Vidal; was at their +establishment, when Lucien de Rubempre presented to them his "Archer +de Charles IX." [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] + +POMBRETON (Marquis de), a genuine anomaly; lieutenant of the black +musketeers under the old regime, friend of the Chevalier de Valois, +who prided himself on having lent him for assistance in leaving the +country, twelve hundred pistoles. Pombreton returned this loan +afterwards, almost beyond a question of doubt, but the fact of the +case always remained unknown, for M. de Valois, an unusually +successful gamester, was interested in spreading a report of the +return of this loan, to shadow the resources that he derived from the +gaming table; and so five years later, about 1821, Etienne Lousteau +declared that the Pombreton succession and the Maubreuil[*] affair +were among the most profitable "stereotypes" of journalism. Finally, +Le Courrier de l'Orne of M. du Bousquier published, about 1830, these +lines: "A certificate for an income of a thousand francs a year will +be awarded to the person who can show the existence of a M. de +Pombreton before, during, or after the emigration." [Lost Illusions. A +Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +[*] Maubreuil died at the end of the Second Empire. + +POMPONNE (La). (See Toupinet, Madame.) + +PONS (Sylvain)[*], born about 1785; son of the old age of Monsieur and +Madame Pons, who, before 1789, founded the famous Parisian house for +the embroidery of uniforms that was bought, in 1815, by M. Rivet, +first cousin of the first Madame Camusot of the Cocon d'Or, sole heir +of the famous Pons brothers, embroiderers to the Court; under the +Empire, he won the Prix de Rome for musical composition, returned to +Paris about 1810, and was for many years famous for his romances and +melodies which were full of delicacy and good taste. From his stay in +Italy, Pons brought back the tastes of the bibliomaniac and a love for +works of art. His passion for collecting consumed almost his entire +patrimony. Pons became Sauvageot's rival. Monistrol and Elie Magus +felt a hidden but envious appreciation of the artistic treasures +ingeniously and economically collected by the musician. Being ignorant +of the rare value of his museum, he went from house to house, giving +private lessons in harmony. This lack of knowledge proved his ruin +afterwards, for he became all the more fond of paintings, stones and +furniture, as lyric glory was denied him, and his ugliness, coupled +with his supposed poverty, kept him from getting married. The +pleasures of a gourmand replaced those of the lover; he likewise found +some consolation for his isolation in his friendship with Schmucke. +Pons suffered from his taste for high living; he grew old, like a +parasitic plant, outside the circle of his family, only tolerated by +his distant cousins, the Camusot de Marvilles, and their connections, +Cardot, Berthier and Popinot. In 1834, at the awarding of the prize to +the young ladies of a boarding-school, he met the pianist Schmucke, a +teacher as well as himself, and in the strong intimacy that grew up +between them, he found some compensation for the blighted hopes of his +existence. Sylvain Pons was director of the orchestra at the theatre +of which Felix Gaudissart was manager during the monarchy of July. He +had Schmucke admitted there, with whom he passed several happy years, +in a house, on the rue de Normandie, belonging to C.-J. Pillerault. +The bitterness of Madeleine Vivet and Amelie Camusot de Marville, and +the covetousness of Madame Cibot, the door-keeper, and Fraisier, +Magus, Poulain and Remonencq were perhaps the indirect causes of the +case of hepatitis of which Pons died (in April, 1845), appointing +Schmucke his residuary legatee before Maitre Leopold Hannequin, who +had been hastily summoned by Heloise Brisetout. Pons was on the point +of being employed to compose a piece of ballet music, entitled "Les +Mohicans." This work most likely fell to his successor, Garangeot. +[Cousin Pons.] + +[*] M. Alphonse de Launay has derived from the life of Sylvain Pons a + drama that was presented at the Cluny theatre, Paris, about 1873. + +POPINOT, alderman of Sancerre in the eighteenth century; father of +Jean-Jules Popinot and Madame Ragon (born Popinot). He was the officer +whose portrait, painted by Latour, adorned the walls of Madame Ragon's +parlor, during the Restoration, at her home in the Quartier Saint- +Sulpice, Paris. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +POPINOT (Jean-Jules), son of the preceding, brother of Madame Ragon, +and husband of Mademoiselle Bianchon--of Sancerre--embraced the +profession of law, but did not attain promptly the rank which his +powers and integrity deserved. Jean-Jules Popinot remained for a long +time a judge of a lower court in Paris. He took a deep interest in the +fate of the young orphan Anselme Popinot, his nephew, and a clerk of +Cesar Birotteau; and was invited with Madame Jean-Jules Popinot to the +perfumer's famous ball, on Sunday, December 17, 1818. Nearly eighteen +months later, Jean-Jules Popinot once more saw Anselme, who was set up +as a druggist on the rue des Cinq-Diamants, and met Felix Gaudissart, +the commercial-traveler, and tried to excuse certain imprudent +utterances of his on the political situation, that had been reported +by Canquoelle-Peyrade, the police-agent. [Cesar Birotteau.] Three +years later he lost his wife, who had brought him, for dowry, an +income of six thousand francs, representing exactly twice his personal +assets. Living from this time at the rue de Fouarre, Popinot was able +to give free rein to the exercise of charity, a virtue that had become +a passion with him. At the urgent instance of Octave de Bauvan, Jean- +Jules Popinot, in order to aid Honorine, the Count's wife, sent her a +pretended commission-merchant, probably Felix Gaudissart, offering a +more than generous price for the flowers she made. [Honorine.] Jean- +Jules Popinot eventually established a sort of benevolent agency. +Lavienne, his servant, and Horace Bianchon, his wife's nephew aided +him. He relieved Madame Toupinet, a poor woman on the rue du Petit- +Banquier, from want (1828). Madame d'Espard's request for a guardian +for her husband served to divert Popinot from his role of Saint +Vincent de Paul; a man of rare delicacy hidden beneath a rough and +uncultured exterior, he immediately discovered the injustice of the +wrongs alleged by the marchioness, and recognized the real victim in +M. d'Espard, when he cross-questioned him at No. 22 rue de la +Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve, in an apartment, the good management of +which he seemed to envy, though the rooms were simply furnished, and +in striking contrast with the splendor of which he had been a witness, +at the home of the marchioness in the Faubourg Saint-Honore. A delay +caused by a cold in the head, and especially the influence of Madame +d'Espard's intrigues, removed Popinot from the cause, in which Camusot +was substituted. [The Commission in Lunacy.] We have varying accounts +of Jean-Jules Popinot's last years. Madame de la Chanterie's circle +mourned the death of the judge in 1833 [The Seamy Side of History.] +and Phellion in 1840. J.-J. Popinot probably died at No. 22 rue de la +Montagne-Saint-Genevieve, in the apartment that he had already +coveted, being a counselor to the court, municipal counselor of Paris, +and a member of the General Council of the Seine. [The Middle +Classes.] + +POPINOT (Anselme), a poor orphan, and nephew of the preceding and of +Madame Ragon (born Popinot), who took charge of him in his infancy. +Small of stature, red-haired, and lame, he gladly became clerk to +Cesar Birotteau, the Paris perfumer of the Reine des Roses, the +successor of Ragon, with whom he did a great deal of work, in order to +be able to show appreciation for the favor shown a part of his family, +that was well-nigh ruined as a result of some bad investments (the +Wortschin mines, 1818-19). Anselme Popinot, being secretly in love +with Cesarine Birotteau, his employer's daughter--the feeling being +reciprocated, moreover--brought about, so far as his means allowed, +the rehabilitation of Cesar, thanks to the profits of his drug +business, established on the rue des Cinq-Diamants, between 1819 and +1820. The beginning of his great fortune and of his domestic happiness +dated from this time. [Cesar Birotteau.] After Birotteau's death, +about 1822, Popinot married Mademoiselle Birotteau, by whom he had +three children, two sons and a daughter. The consequences of the +Revolution of 1830 brought Anselme Popinot in the way of power and +honors; he was twice deputy after the beginning of Louis Philippe's +reign, and was also minister of commerce. [Gaudissart the Great.] +Anselme Popinot, twice secretary of state, had finally been made a +count, and a peer of France. He owned a mansion on the rue Basse du +Rempart. In 1834 he rewarded Felix Gaudissart for services formerly +rendered on the rue des Cinq-Diamants, and entrusted to him the +management of a boulevard theatre, where the opera, the drama, the +fairy spectacle, and the ballet took turn and turn. [Cousin Pons.] +Four years later the Comte Popinot, again minister of commerce and +agriculture, a lover of the arts and one who gladly acted the part of +the refined Maecenas, bought for two thousand francs a copy of +Steinbock's "Groupe de Samson" and stipulated that the mould should be +destroyed that there might be only two copies, his own and the one +belonging to Mademoiselle Hortense Hulot, the artist's fiancee. When +Wenceslas married Mademoiselle Hulot, Popinot and Eugene de Rastignac +were the Pole's witnesses. [Cousin Betty.] + +POPINOT (Madame Anselme), wife of the preceding, born Cesarine +Birotteau, in 1801. Beautiful and attractive though, at one time, +almost promised to Alexandre Crottat, she married, about 1822, Anselme +Popinot, whom she loved and by whom she was loved. [Cesar Biroteau.] +After her marriage, though in the midst of splendor, she remained the +simple, open, and even artless character that she was in the modest +days of her youth.[*] The transformation of the dancer Claudine du +Bruel, the whilom Tullia of the Royal Academy of Music, to a moral +bourgeois matron, surprised Madame Anselme, who became intimate with +her. [A Prince of Bohemia.] The Comtesse Popinot rendered aid, in a +delicate way, in 1841, to Adeline Hulot d'Ervy. Her influence with +that of Mesdames de Rastignac, de Navarreins, d'Espard, de Grandlieu, +de Carigliano, de Lenoncourt, and de la Bastie, procured Adeline's +appointment as salaried inspector of charities. [Cousin Betty.] Three +years later when one of her three children married Mademoiselle +Camusot de Marville, Madame Popinot, although she appeared at the most +exclusive social gatherings, imitated modest Anselme, and, unlike +Amelie Camusot, received Pons, a tenant of her maternal great-uncle, +C.-J. Pillerault. [Cousin Pons.] + +[*] In 1838, the little theatre Pantheon, destroyed in 1846, gave a + vaudeville play, by M. Eugene Cormon, entitled "Cesar Birotteau," + of which Madame Anselme Popinot was one of the heroines. + +POPINOT (Vicomte), the eldest of the three children of the preceding +couple, married, in 1845, Cecile Camusot de Marville. [Cousin Pons.] +During the course of the year 1846, he questioned Victorin Hulot about +the remarkable second marriage of Baron Hector Hulot d'Ervy, which was +solemnized on the first of February of that year. [Cousin Betty.] + +POPINOT (Vicomtesse), wife of the preceding; born Cecile Camusot in +1821, before the name Marville was added to Camusot through the +acquisition of a Norman estate. Red-haired and insignificant looking, +but very pretentious, she persecuted her distant kinsman Pons, from +whom she afterwards inherited; from lack of sufficient fortune she +failed of more than one marriage, and was treated with scorn by the +wealthy Frederic Brunner, especially because of her being an only +daughter and the spoiled child. [Cousin Pons.] + +POPINOT-CHANDIER (Madame and Mademoiselle), mother and daughter; of +the family of Madame Boirouge; hailing from Sancerre; frequent +visitors of Madame de la Baudraye, whose superiority of manner they +ridiculed in genuine bourgeois fashion. [The Muse of the Department.] + +PORCHON. (See Vidal.) + +PORRABERIL (Euphemie). (See San-Real, Marquise de.) + +PORRIQUET, an elderly student of the classics, was teacher of Raphael +de Valentin, whom he had as a pupil in the sixth class, in the third +class, and in rhetoric. Retired from the university without a pension +after the Revolution of July, on suspicion of Carlism, seventy years +of age, without means, and with a nephew whose expenses he was paying +at the seminary of Saint-Sulpice, he went to solicit the aid of his +dear "foster-child," to obtain the position of principal of a +provincial school, and suffered rough treatment at the hands of the +/carus alumnus/, every act of whose shortened Valentin's existence. +[The Magic Skin.] + +PORTA (Luigi), born in 1793, strikingly like his sister Nina. He was +the last member that remained, at the beginning of the nineteenth +century, of the Corsican family of Porta, by reason of a bloody +vendetta between his kinspeople and the Piombos. Luigi Porta alone was +saved, by Elisa Vanni, according to Giacomo; he lived at Genoa, where +he enlisted, and found himself, when quite young, in the affair of the +Beresina. Under the Restoration he was already an officer of high +rank; he put an end to his military career and was hunted by the +authorities at the same time as Labedoyere. Luiga Porta found Paris a +safe place of refuge. Servin, the Bonapartist painter, who had opened +a studio of drawing, where he taught his art to young ladies, +concealed the officer. One of his pupils, Ginevra di Piombo, +discovered the outlaw's hiding-place, aided him, fell in love with +him, made him fall in love with her, and married him, despite the +opposition of her father, Bartolomeo di Piombo. Luigi Porta chose as a +witness, when he was married, his former comrade, Louis Vergniaud, +also known to Hyacinthe Chabert. He lived from hand to mouth by doing +secretary's work, lost his wife, and, crushed by poverty, went to tell +the Piombos of her death. He died almost immediately after her (1820). +[The Vendetta.] + +PORTA (Madame Luigi), wife of the preceding, born Ginevra di Piombo +about 1790; shared, in Corsica as in Paris, the stormy life of her +father and mother, whose adored child she was. In Servin's, the +painter's studio, where with her talent she shone above the whole +class, Ginevra knew Mesdames Tiphaine and Camusot de Marville, at that +time Mesdemoiselles Roguin and Thirion. Defended by Laure alone, she +endured the cruelly planned persecution of Amelie Thirion, a Royalist, +and an envious woman, especially when the favorite drawing pupil +discovered and aided Luigi Porta, whom she married shortly afterwards, +against the will of Bartolomeo di Piombo. Madame Porta lived most +wretchedly; she resorted to Magus to dispose of copies of paintings at +a meagre price; brought a son into the world, Barthelemy; could not +nurse him, lost him, and died of grief and exhaustion in the year +1820. [The Vendetta.] + +PORTAIL (Du), name assumed by Corentin, when as "prefect of secret +police of diplomacy and political affairs," he lived on the rue +Honore-Chevalier, in the reign of Louis Philippe. [The Government +Clerks.] + +PORTENDUERE (Comte Luc-Savinien de), grandson of Admiral de +Portenduere, born about 1788, represented the elder branch of the +Portendueres, of whom Madame de Portenduere and her son Savinien +represented the younger branch. Under the Restoration, being the +husband of a rich wife, the father of three children and member for +Isere, he lived, according to the season of the year, in the chateau +of Portenduere or the Portenduere mansion, which were situated, the +one in Dauphine, and the other in Paris, and extended no aid to the +Vicomte Savinien, though he was harassed by his creditors. [Ursule +Mirouet.] + +PORTENDUERE (Madame de,) born Kergarouet, a Breton, proud of her noble +descent and of her race. She married a post-captain, nephew of the +famous Admiral de Portenduere, the rival of the Suffrens, the +Kergarouets, and the Simeuses; bore him a son, Savinien; she survived +her husband; was on intimate terms with the Rouvres, her country +neighbors; for, having but little means, she lived, during the +Restoration, in the little village of Nemours, on the rue des +Bourgeois, where Denis Minoret was domiciled. Savinien's prodigal +dissipation and the long opposition to his marriage to Ursule Mirouet +saddened, or at least distrubed, Madame de Portenduere's last days. +[Ursule Mirouet.] + +PORTENDUERE (Vicomte Savinien de), son of preceding, born in 1806; +cousin of the Comte de Portenduere, who was descended from the famous +admiral of this name, and great nephew of Vice-Admiral Kergarouet. +During the Restoration he left the little town of Nemours and his +mother's society to go and try the life in Paris, where, in spite of +his relationship with the Fontaines, he fell in love with Emilie de +Fontaine, who did not reciprocate his love, but married first Admiral +de Kergarouet, and afterwards the Marquis de Vandenesse. [The Ball at +Sceaux.] Savinien also became enamored of Leontine de Serizy; was on +intimate terms with Marsay, Rastignac, Rubempre, Maxime de Trailles, +Blondet and Finot; soon lost a considerable sum of money, and, laden +with debts, became a boarder at Sainte-Pelagie; he then received +Marsay, Rastignac and Rubempre, the latter wishing to relieve his +distress, much to the amusement of Florine, afterwards Madame Nathan. +[Secrets from a Courtesan's Life.] Urged by Ursule Mirouet, his ward, +Denis Minoret, who was one of Savinien's neighbors at Nemours, raised +the sum necessary to liquidate young Portenduere's debt, and freed him +of its burden. The viscount enlisted in the marine service, and +retired with the rank and insignia of an ensign, two years after the +Revolution of July, and five years before being able to marry Ursule +Mirouet. [Ursule Mirouet.] The Vicomte and Vicomtesse de Portenduere +made a charming couple, recalling two other happy families of Paris, +the Langinskis and the Ernest de la Basties. In 1840 they lived on the +Rue Saint-Peres, became the intimate friends of the Calyste du +Guenics, and shared their box at the Italiens. [Beatrix.] + +PORTENDUERE (Vicomtesse Savinien de), wife of the preceding, born in +1814. The orphan daughter of an unfortunate artist, Joseph Mirouet, +the military musician, and Dinah Grollman, a German; natural +granddaughter of Valentine Mirouet, the famous harpsichordist, and +consequently niece of the rich Dr. Denis Minoret; she was adopted by +the last named, and became his ward, so much the more adored as, in +appearance and character, she recalled Madame Denis Minoret, deceased. +Ursule's girlhood and youth, passed at Nemours, were marked +alternately by joy and bitterness. Her guardian's servants, as well as +his intimate friends, overwhelmed her with indications of interest. A +distinguished performer, the future viscountess received lessons in +harmony from Schmucke, the pianist, who was summoned from Paris. Being +of a religious nature, she converted Denis Minoret, who was an +adherent of Voltaire's teachings; but the influence she acquired over +him called forth against the young girl the fierce animosity of +Minoret-Levrault, Massin, Cremiere, Dionis and Goupil, who, foreseeing +that she would be the doctor's residuary legatee, abused her, +slandered her, and persecuted her most cruelly. Ursule was also +scornfully treated by Madame de Portenduere, with whose son, Savinien, +she was in love. Later, the relenting of Minoret-Levrault and Goupil, +shown in various ways, and her marriage to the Vicomte de Portenduere, +at last approved by his mother, offered Ursule some consolation for +the loss of Denis Minoret. [Ursule Mirouet.] Paris adopted her, and +made much of her; she made a glorious success in society as a singer. +[Another Study of Woman.] Amid her own great happiness, the +viscountess showed herself the devoted friend, in 1840, of Madame +Calyste du Guenic, just after her confinement, who was almost dying of +grief over the treachery of her husband. [Beatrix.] + +POSTEL was pupil and clerk of Chardon the druggist of L'Houmeau, a +suburb of Angouleme; succeeded Chardon after his death; was kind to +his former patron's unfortunate family; desired, but without success, +to marry Eve, who was afterwards Madame David Sechard, and became the +husband of Leonie Marron, by whom he had several sickly children. +[Lost Illusions.] + +POSTEL (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Leonie Marron, daughter +of Doctor Marron, a practitioner in Marsac (Charente); through +jealousy she was disagreeable to the beautiful Madame Sechard; through +cupidity she fawned upon the Abbe Marron, from whom she hoped to +inherit. [Lost Illusions.] + +POTASSE, sobriquet of the Protez family, manufacturers of chemicals, +as associates of Cochin; known by Minard, Phellion, Thuiller and +Colleville, types of Parisians of the middle class, about 1840. [The +Middle Classes.] + +POTEL, former officer of the Imperial forces, retired, during the +Restoration, to Issoudun, with Captain Renard; he took sides with +Maxence Gilet against the officers, Mignonnet and Carpentier, declared +enemies of the chief of the "Knights of Idlesse." [A Bachelor's +Establishment.] + +POULAIN (Madame), born in 1778. She married a trousers-maker, who died +in very reduced circumstances; for from the sale of his business she +received only about eleven hundred francs for income. She lived then, +for twenty years, on work which some fellow-countrymen of the late +Poulain gave to her, and the meagre profits of which afforded her the +opportunity of starting in a professional career her son, the future +physician, whom she dreamed of seeing gain a rich marriage settlement. +Madame Poulain, though deprived of an education, was very tactful, and +she was in the habit of retiring when patients came to consult her +son. This she did when Madame Cibot called at the office on rue +d'Orleans, late in 1844 or early in 1845. [Cousin Pons.] + +POULAIN (Doctor), born about 1805, friendless and without fortune; +strove in vain to gain the patronage of the Paris "four hundred" after +1835. He kept constantly near him his mother, widow of a trousers- +maker. As a poor neighborhood physician he afterwards lived with his +mother on rue d'Orleans at the Marais. He became acquainted with +Madame Cibot, door-keeper at a house on rue de Normandie, the +proprietor of which, C.-J. Pillerault, uncle of the Popinots and +ordinarily under Horace Bianchon's treatment, he cured. By Madame +Cibot, Poulain was called also to attend Pons in a case of +inflammation of the liver. Aided by his friend Fraisier, he arranged +matters to suit the Camusots de Marville, the rightful heirs of the +musician. Such a service had its reward. In 1845, following the death +of Pons, and that of his residuary legatee, Schmucke, soon after, +Poulain was given an appointment in the Quinze-Vingts hospital as head +physician of this great infirmary. [Cousin Pons.] + +POUPART, or Poupard, from Arcis-sur-Aube, husband of Gothard's sister; +one of the heroes of the Simeuse affair; proprietor of the Mulet +tavern. Being devoted to the interest of the Cadignans, the Cinq- +Cygnes and the Hauterserres, in 1839, during the electoral campaign, +he gave lodging to Maxime de Trailles, a government envoy, and to +Paradis, the count's servant. [The Member for Arcis.] + +POUTIN, colonel of the Second lancers, an acquaintance of Marechal +Cottin, minister of war in 1841, to whom he told that many years +before this one of his men at Severne, having stolen money to buy his +mistress a shawl, repented of his deed and ate broken glass so as to +escape dishonor. The Prince of Wissembourg told this story to Hulot +d'Ervy, while upbraiding him for his dishonesty. [Cousin Betty.] + +PRELARD (Madame), born in 1808, pretty, at first mistress of the +assassin Auguste, who was executed. She remained constantly in the +clutches of Jacques Collin, and was married by Jacqueline Collin, aunt +of the pseudo-Herrera, to the head of a Paris hardware-house on Quai +aux Fleurs, the Bouclier d'Achille. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +PREVOST (Madame), well-known florist, whose store still remains in the +Palais-Royal. Early in 1830, Frederic de Nucingen bought a ten louis +bouquet there for Esther van Gobseck. [Scenes from a Courtesan's +Life.] + +PRIEUR (Madame), laundress at Angouleme, for whom Mademoiselle +Chardon, afterwards Madame David Sechard, worked. [Lost Illusions.] + +PRON (Monsieur and Madame), both teachers. M. Pron taught rhetoric in +1840 at a college in Paris directed by priests. Madame Pron, born +Barniol, and therefore sister-in-law of Madame Barniol-Phellion, +succeeded Mesdemoiselles La Grave, about the same time, as director of +their young ladies' boarding-school. M. and Madame Pron lived in the +Quartier Saint-Jacques, and frequently visited the Thuilliers. [The +Middle Classes.] + +PROTEZ AND CHIFFREVILLE, manufactured chemicals; sold a hundred +thousand francs' worth to the inventor, Balthazar Claes, about 1812. +[The Quest of the Absolute.] On account of their friendly relations +with Cochin, of the Treasury, all the Protezes and the Chiffrevilles +were invited to the celebrated ball given by Cesar Birotteau, Sunday, +December 17, 1818, on rue Saint Honore. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +PROUST, clerk to Maitre Bordin, a Paris attorney, in November, 1806; +this fact became known a few years later by Godeschal, Oscar Husson +and Marest, when they reviewed the books of the attorneys who had been +employed in Bordin's office. [A Start in Life.] + +PROVENCAL (Le), born in 1777, undoubtedly in the vicinity of Arles. A +common soldier during the wars at the close of the eighteenth century, +he took part in the expedition of General Desaix into upper Egypt. +Having been taken prisoner by the Maugrabins he escaped only to lose +himself in the desert, where he found nothing to eat but dates. +Reduced to the dangerous friendship of a female panther, he tamed her, +singularly enough, first by his thoughtless caresses, afterwards by +premeditation. He ironically named her Mignonne, as he had previously +called Virginie, one of his mistresses. Le Provencal finally killed +his pet, not without regret, having been moved to great terror by the +wild animal's fierce love. About the same time the soldier was +discoverd by some of his own company. Thirty years afterwards, an aged +ruin of the Imperial wars, his right leg gone, he was one day visiting +the menagerie of Martin the trainer, and recalled his adventure for +the delectation of the young spectator. [A Passion in the Desert.] + + + +Q + +QUELUS (Abbe), priest of Tours or of its vicinity, called frequently +on the Chessels, neighbors of the Mortsaufs, at the beginning of the +century. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +QUEVERDO, faithful steward of the immense domain of Baron de Macumer, +in Sardinia. After the defeat of the Liberals in Spain, in 1823, he +was told to look out for his master's safety. Some fishers for coral +agreed to pick him up on the coast of Andalusia and set him off at +Macumer. [Letters of Two Brides.] + +QUILLET (Francois), office-boy employed by Raoul Nathan's journal on +rue Feydau, Paris, 1835. He aided his employer by lending him the name +of Francois Quillet. Raoul, in great despair, while occupying a +furnished room on rue du Mail, threw several creditors off his track +by the use of this assumed name. [A Daughter of Eve.] + + + +R + +RABOUILLEUSE (La), name assumed by Flore Brazier, who became in turn +Madame Jean-Jacques Rouget and Madame Philippe Bridau. (See this last +name.) + +RABOURDIN (Xavier), born in 1784; his father was unknown to him. His +mother, a beautiful and fastidious woman, who lived in luxury, left +him a penniless orphan of sixteen. At this time he left the Lycee +Napoleon and became a super-numerary clerk in the Treasury Department. +He was soon promoted, becoming second head clerk at twenty-two and +head clerk at twenty-five. An unknown, but influential friend, was +responsible for this progress, and also gave him an introduction into +the home of M. Leprince, a wealthy widower, who had formerly been an +auctioneer. Rabourdin met, loved and married this man's only daughter. +Beginning with this time, when his influential friend probably died, +Rabourdin saw the end of his own rapid progress. Despite his faithful, +intelligent efforts, he occupied at forty the same position. In 1824 +the death of M. Flamet de la Billardiere left open the place of +division chief. This office, to which Rabourdin had long aspired, was +given to the incapable Baudoyer, who had been at the head of a bureau, +through the influence of money and the Church. Disgusted, Rabourdin +sent in his resignation. He had been responsible for a rather +remarkable plan for executive and social reform, and this possibly +contributed to his overthrow. During his career as a minister +Rabourdin lived on rue Duphot. He had by his wife two children, +Charles, born in 1815, and a daughter, born two years later. About +1830 Rabourdin paid a visit to the Bureau of Finances, where he saw +once more his former pages, nephews of Antoine, who had retired from +service by that time. From these he learned that Colleville and +Baudoyer were tax-collectors in Paris. [The Government Clerks.] Under +the Empire he was a guest at the evening receptions given by M. +Guillaume, the cloth-dealer of rue Saint-Denis. [At the Sign of the +Cat and Racket.] Later he and his wife were invited to attend the +famous ball tendered by Cesar Birotteau, December 17, 1818. [Cesar +Birotteau.] In 1840, being still a widower, Rabourdin was one of the +directors of a proposed railway. At this time he began to lodge in a +house on the Place de la Madeleine, which had been recently bought by +the Thuilliers, whom he had known in the Bureau of Finance. [The +Middle Classes.] + +RABOURDIN (Madame), born Celestine Leprince, in 1796; beautiful, tall +and of good figure; reared by an artistic mother; a painter and a good +musician; spoke many tongues and even had some knowledge of science. +She was married when very young through the instrumentality of her +father, who was then a widower. Her reception-rooms were not open to +Jean-Jacques Bixiou, but she was frequently visited by the poet +Canalis, the painter Schinner, Doctor Bianchon, who was especially +fond of her company; Lucien de Rubempre, Octave de Camps, the Comte de +Granville, the Vicomte de Fontaine, F. du Bruel, Andoche Finot, +Derville, Chatelet, then deputy; Ferdinand du Tillet, Paul de +Mannerville, and the Vicomte de Portenduere. A rival, Madame +Colleville, had dubbed Madame Rabourdin "The Celimene of rue Duphot." +Having been over-indulged by her mother, Celestine Leprince thought +herself entitled to a man of high rank. Consequently, although M. +Rabourdin pleased her, she hesitated at first about marrying him, as +she did not consider him of high enough station. This did not prevent +her loving him sincerely. Although she was very extravagant, she +remained always strictly faithful to him. By listening to the demands +of Chardin des Lupeaulx, secretary-general in the Department of +Finance, who was in love with her, she might have obtained for her +husband the position of division chief. Madame Rabourdin's reception +days were Wednesdays and Fridays. She died in 1840. [The Commission in +Lunacy. The Government Clerks.] + +RABOURDIN (Charles), law-student, son of the preceding couple, born in +1815, lived from 1836 to 1838 in a house on rue Corneille, Paris. +There he became acquainted with Z. Marcas, helped him in his distress, +attended him on his death-bed, and, with Justi, a medical student, as +his only companion, followed the body of this great, but unknown man +to the beggar's grave in Montparnasse cemetery. After having told some +friends the short, but pitiful story of Z. Marcas, Charles Rabourdin, +following the advice of the deceased, left the country, and sailed +from Havre for the Malayan islands; for he had not been able to gain a +foothold in France. [Z. Marcas.] + +RACQUETS (Des). (See Raquets, des.) + +RAGON born about 1748; a perfumer on rue Saint-Honore, between Saint- +Roche and rue des Frondeurs, Paris, towards the close of the +eighteenth century; small man, hardly five feet tall, with a face like +a nut-cracker, self-important and known for his gallantry. He was +succeeded in his business, the "Reine des Roses," by his chief clerk, +Cesar Birotteau, after the eighteenth Brumaire. As a former perfumer +to Her Majesty Queen Marie-Antoinette, M. Ragon always showed Royalist +zeal, and, under the Republic, the Vendeans used him to communicate +between the princes and the Royalist committee of Paris. He received +at that time the Abbe de Marolles, to whom he pointed out and revealed +the person of Louis XVI.'s executioner. In 1818, being a loser in the +Nucingen speculation in Wortschin mining stock, Ragon lived with his +wife in an apartment on rue du Petit-Bourbon-Saint-Sulpice. [Cesar +Birotteau. An Episode under the Terror.] + +RAGON (Madame), born Popinot; sister of Judge Popinot, wife of the +preceding, being very nearly the same age as her husband, was in 1818 +"a tall slender woman of wrinkled face, sharp nose, thin lips, and the +artificial manner of a marchioness of the old line." [Cesar +Birotteau.] + +RAGOULLEAU[*] (Jean-Antoine), a Parisian lawyer, whose signature the +widow Morin tried to extort. She also attempted his assassination, and +was condemned, January 11, 1812, on the evidence of a number of +witnesses, among others that of Poiret, to twenty years of hard labor. +[Father Goriot.] + +[*] The real spelling of the name, as shown by some authentic papers, + is Ragouleau. + +RAGUET, working boy in the establishment of Cesar Birotteau, the +perfumer, in 1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +RAPARLIER, a Douai notary; drew up marriage contracts in 1825 for +Marguerite Claes and Emmanuel de Solis, for Felicie Claes and Pierquin +the notary, and for Gabriel Claes and Mademoiselle Conyncks. [The +Quest for the Absolute.] + +RAPARLIER, a Douai auctioneer, under the Restoration; nephew of the +preceding; took an inventory at the Claes house after the death of +Madame Balthazar Claes in 1816. [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +RAPP, French general, born at Colmar in 1772; died in 1821. As aide- +de-camp of the First Consul, Bonaparte, he found himself one day in +October serving near his chief at the Tuileries, when the proscribed +Corsican, Bartolomeo de Piombo, came up rather unexpectedly. Rapp, who +was suspicious of this man, as he was of all Corsicians, wished to +stay at Bonaparte's side during the interview, but the Consul good- +naturedly sent him away. [The Vendetta.] On October 13, 1806, the day +before the battle of Jena, Rapp had just made an important report to +the Emperor at the moment when Napoleon was receiving on the next +day's battlefield Mademoiselle Laurence de Cinq-Cygne and M. de +Chargeboeuf, who had come from France to ask for the pardon of the two +Hauteserres and the two Simeuses, people affected by the political +suit and condemned to hard labor. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +RAQUETS (Des), lived at Douai, of Flemish descent, and devoted to the +traditions and customs of his province; very wealthy uncle of the +notary Pierquin, his only heir, who received his inheritance towards +the close of the Restoration. [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +RASTIGNAC (Chevalier de), great-uncle of Eugene de Rastignac; as vice- +admiral was commander of the "Vengeur" before 1789, and lost his +entire fortune in the service of the king, as the revolutionary +government did not wish to satisfy his demands in the adjusting of the +Compagnie des Indes affairs. [Father Goriot.] + +RASTIGNAC (Baron and Baronne de) had, near Ruffec, Charente, an +estate, where they lived in the latter part of the eighteenth and the +beginning of the nineteenth centuries, and where were born to them +five children: Eugene, Laure-Rose, Agathe, Gabriel and Henri. They +were poor, and lived in close retirement, keeping a dignified silence, +and like their neighbours, the Marquis and Marquise de Pimentel, +exercised, through their connection with court circles, a strong +influence over the entire province, being invited at various times to +the home of Madame de Bargeton, at Angouleme, where they met Lucien de +Rubempre and were able to understand him. [Father Goriot. Lost +Illusions.] + +RASTIGNAC (Eugene de),[*] eldest son of the Baron and Baronne de +Rastignac, born at Rastignac near Ruffec in 1797. He came to Paris in +1819 to study law; lived at first on the third floor of the Vauquer +lodging-house, rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve, having then some +association with Jacques Collin, called Vautrin, who was especially +interested in him and wanted him to marry Victorine Taillefer. +Rastignac became the lover of Madame de Nucingen, second daughter of +Joachim Goriot, an old vermicelli-maker, and in February, 1820, lived +on rue d'Artois in pretty apartments, rented and furnished by the +father of his mistress. Goriot died in his arms. The servant, +Christophe, and Rastignac were the only attendants in the good man's +funeral procession. At the Vauquer lodging-house he was intimate with +Horace Bianchon, a medical student. [Father Goriot.] In 1821, at the +Opera, young Rastignac made fun for the occupants of two boxes over +the provincialisms of Madame de Bargeton and Lucien de Rubempre, +"young Chardon." This led Madame d'Espard to leave the theatre with +her relative, thus publicly and in a cowardly way abandoning the +distinguished provincial. Some months later Rastignac sought the favor +of this same Lucien de Rubempre, who was by that time an influential +citizen. He agreed to act with Marsay as the poet's witness in the +duel which he fought with Michel Chrestien, in regard to Daniel +d'Arthez. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] At the last +masquerade ball of 1824 Rastignac found Rubempre, who had disappeared +from Paris some time before. Vautrin, recalling his memories of the +Vauquer lodging-house, urged him authoritatively to treat Lucien as a +friend. Shortly after, Rastignac became a frequenter of the sumptuous +mansion furnished by Nucingen for Esther van Gobseck on rue Saint- +Georges. Rastignac was present at Lucien de Rubempre's funeral in May, +1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] About the same time the Comte +de Fontaine asked his daughter Emilie what she thought of Rastignac-- +among several others--as a possible husband for her. But knowing the +relations of this youthful aspirant with Madame de Nucingen, she saved +herself by replying maliciously. [The Ball at Sceaux.] In 1828 +Rastignac sought to become Madame d'Espard's lover, but was restrained +by his friend, Doctor Bianchon. [The Interdiction.] During the same +year Rastignac was treated slightingly by Madame de Listomere, because +he asked her to return a letter, which through mistake had been sent +to her, but which he had meant for Madame de Nucingen. [A Study of +Woman.] After the Revolution of July he was a guest at Mademoiselle +des Touches's evening party, where Marsay told the story of his first +love. [Another Study of Woman.] At this time he was intimate with +Raphael de Valentin, and expected to marry an Alsatian. [The Magic +Skin.] In 1832, Rastignac, having been appointed a baron, was under- +secretary of state in the department of which Marsay was the minister. +[The Secrets of a Princess.] In 1833-34, he volunteered as nurse at +the bedside of the dying minister, in the hope of being remembered in +his will. One evening about this same time he took Raoul Nathan and +Emile Blondet, whom he had met in society, to supper with him at +Very's. He then advised Nathan to profit by the advances made him by +the Comtesse Felix de Vandenesse. [A Daughter of Eve.] In 1833, at the +Princesse de Cadignan's home, in the presence of the Marquise +d'Espard, the old Ducs de Lenoncourt and de Navarreins, the Comte and +the Comtesse de Vandenesse, D'Arthez, two ambassadors, and two well- +known orators of the Chamber of Peers, Rastignac heard his minister +reveal the secrets of the abduction of Senator Malin, an affair which +took place in 1806. [The Gondreville Mystery.] In 1836, having become +enriched by the third Nucingen failure, in which he was more or less a +willing accomplice, he became possessed of an income of forty thousand +francs. [The Firm of Nucingen.] In 1838 he attended the opening +reception given at Josepha's mansion on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. He +was also witness at Hortense Hulot's marriage to Wenceslas Steinbock. +He married Augusta de Nucingen, daughter of Delphine de Nucingen, his +former mistress, whom he had quitted five years previously. In 1839, +Rastignac, minister once more, and this time of public works, was made +count almost in spite of himself. In 1845 he was, moreover, made a +peer. He had then an income of 300,000 francs. He was in the habit of +saying: "There is no absolute virtue, all things are dependent on +circumstances." [Cousin Betty. The Member for Arcis. The Unconscious +Humorists.] + +[*] In a recent publication of Monsieur S. de Lovenjoul, he speaks of + a recent abridged biography of Eugene de Rastignac. + +RASTIGNAC (Laure-Rose and Agathe de),[*] sisters of Eugene de +Rastignac; second and third children of the Baron and Baronne de +Rastignac; Laure, the elder, born in 1801; Agathe, the second, born in +1802; both were reared unostentatiously in the Rastignac chateau. In +1819 they sent what they had saved by economy to their brother Eugene, +then a student. Several years after, when he was wealthy and powerful, +he married one of them to Martial de la Roche-Hugon, the other to a +minister. In 1821, Laure, with her father and mother, was present at a +reception of M. de Bargeton's, where she admired Lucien de Rubempre. +[Father Goriot. Lost Illusions.] Madame de la Roche-Hugon in 1839 took +her several daughters to a children's dance at Madame de l'Estorade's +in Paris. [The Member for Arcis.] + +[*] The Mesdemoiselles de Rastignac are here placed together under + their maiden name, as it is not known which one married Martial de + la Roche-Hugon. + +RASTIGNAC (Monseigneur Gabriel de), brother of Eugene de Rastignac; +one of the youngest two children of the Baron and Baronne de +Rastignac; was private secretary to the Bishop of Limoges towards the +end of the Restoration, during the trial of Tascheron. In 1832 he +became, when only a young man of thirty, a bishop. He was consecrated +by the Archbishop Dutheil. [Father Goriot. The Country Parson. A +Daughter of Eve.] + +RASTIGNAC (Henri de), the fifth child, probably of the Baron de +Rastignac and his wife. Nothing is known of his life. [Father Goriot.] + +RATEL, gendarme in the Orne district; in 1809, along with his fellow- +officer, Mallet, was charged with the capture of "Lady" Bryond des +Miniares, who was implicated in the affair known as the "Chauffeurs de +Mortagne." He found the fugitive, but, instead of arresting her, +allowed himself to be unduly influenced by her, and then protected her +and let her escape. This action on his part was known to Mallet. +Ratel, when imprisoned, confessed all, and committed suicide before +the time assigned for trial. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +RAVENOUILLET, porter in Bixiou's house, at No. 112 rue Richelieu, in +1845; son of a Carcassonne grocer; a steward throughout his life and +owed his first position to his fellow-countryman, Massol. +Ravenouillet, although uneducated was not unintelligent. According to +Bixiou, he was the "Providence at thirty per cent" of the seventy-one +lodgers in the house, through whom he netted in the neighborhood of +six thousand francs a month. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +RAVENOUILLET (Madame), wife of the preceding. [The Unconscious +Humorists.] + +RAVENOUILLET (Lucienne), daughter of the preceding couple, was in 1845 +a pupil in the Paris Conservatory of Music. [The Unconscious +Humorists.] + +REGNAULD (Baron) (1754-1829), celebrated artist, member of the +Institute. Joseph Bridau, when fourteen, was a frequent visitor at his +studio, in 1812-1813. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] + +REGNAULT, former chief clerk to Maitre Roguin, a Paris notary; came to +Vendome in 1816 and purchased there a notaryship. He was called by +Madame de Merret to her death-bed, and was made her executor. In this +position, some years later, he urged Doctor Bianchon to respect one of +the last wishes of the deceased by discontinuing his promenades in the +Grande Breteche garden, as she had wished this property to remain +entirely unused for half a century. Maitre Regnault married a wealthy +cousin of Vendome. Regnault was tall and slender, with sloping +forehead, small pointed head and wan complexion. He frequently used +the expression, "One moment." [La Grande Breteche.] + +REGNIER (Claude-Antoine), Duc de Massa, born in 1746, died 1814; an +advocate, and afterwards deputy to the Constituency; was high justice +--justice of the peace--during the celebrated trial of the Simeuses +and Hauteserres, accused of the abduction of Senator Malin. He noticed +the talent displayed by Granville for the defendants, and a little +later, having met him at Archchancelor Cambaceres's house, he took the +young barrister into his own carriage, setting him down on the Quai +des Augustins, at the young man's door, after giving him some +practical advice and assuring him of his protection. [The Gondreville +Mystery. A Second Home.] + +REMONENCQ, an Auvergnat, dealer in old iron, established on rue de +Normandie, in the house in which Pons and Schmucke lived, and where +the Cibots were porters. Remonencq, who had come to Paris with the +intention of being a porter, ran errands between 1825 and 1831 for the +dealers in curiosities on Boulevard Beaumarchais and the coppersmiths +on rue de Lappe, then opened in this same quarter a small shop for +odds and ends. He lived there in sordid economy. He had been in +Sylvain Pons's house, and had fully recognized the great value of the +aged collector's treasures. His greed urged him to crime, and he +instigated Madame Cibot in her theft at the Pons house. After +receiving his share of the property, he poisoned the husband of the +portress, in order to marry the widow, with whom he established a +curiosity shop in an excellent building on the Boulevard de la +Madeleine. About 1846 he unwittingly poisoned himself with a glass of +vitriol, which he had placed near his wife. [Cousin Pons.] + +REMONENCQ (Mademoiselle), sister of the preceding, "a kind of idiot +with a vacant stare, dressed like a Japanese idol." She was her +brother's house-keeper. [Cousin Pons.] + +REMONENCQ (Madame), born in 1796, at one time a beautiful oyster- +woman of the "Cadran Bleu" in Paris; married for love the porter- +tailor, Cibot, in 1828, and lived with him in the porter's lodge of a +house on rue de Normandie, belonging to Claude-Joseph Pillerault. In +this house the musicians, Pons and Schmucke, lived. She busied herself +for some time with the management of the house and the cooking for +these two celibates. At first she was faithful, but finally, moved by +Remonencq, and encouraged by Fontaine, the necromancer, she robbed the +ill-fated Pons. Her husband having been poisoned, without her +knowledge, by Remonencq, she married the second-hand dealer, now a +dealer in curiosities, and proprietor of the beautiful shop on the +Boulevard de la Madeleine. She survived her second husband. [Cousin +Pons.] + +REMY (Jean), peasant of Arcis-sur-Aube, against whom a neighbor lost a +lawsuit concerning a boundary line. This neighbor, who was given to +drink, used strong language in speaking against Jean Remy in a session +of the electors who had organized in the interest of Dorlange- +Sallenauve, a candidate, in the month of April, 1839. If we may +believe this neighbor, Jean Remy was a wife-beater, and had a daughter +who had obtained, through the influence of a deputy, and apparently +without any claim, an excellent tobacco-stand on rue Mouffetard. [The +Member for Arcis.] + +RENARD, former captain in the Imperial army, withdrew to Issoudun +during the Restoration; one of the officers in the Faubourg de Rome, +who were hostile to the "pekins" and partisans of Maxence (Max) Gilet. +Renard and Commandant Potel were seconds for Maxence in his duel with +Philippe Bridau--a duel which resulted in the former's death. [A +Bachelor's Establishment.] + +RENARD, regimental quartermaster in the cavalry, 1812. Although +educated as a notary he became an under officer. He had the face of a +girl and was considered a "wheedler." He saved the life of his friend, +Genestas, several times, but enticed away from him a Polish Jewess, +whom he loved, married in Sarmatian fashion, and left enceinte. When +fatally wounded in the battle against the Russians, just before the +battle of Lutzen, in his last hours, to Genestas, he acknowledged +having betrayed the Jewess, and begged this gentleman to marry her and +claim the child, which would soon be born. This was done by the +innocent officer. Renard was the son of a Parisian wholesale grocer, a +"toothless shark," who would not listen to anything concerning the +quartermaster's offspring. [The Country Doctor.] + +RENARD (Madame). (See Genestas, Madame.) + +RENARD (Adrien). (See Genestas, Adrien.) + +RENE, the only servant to M. du Bousquier of Alencon, in 1816; a silly +Breton servant, who, although very greedy, was perfectly reliable. +[Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +RESTAUD (Comte de), a man whose sad life was first brought to the +notice of Barchou de Penhoen, a school-mate of Dufaure and Lambert; +born about 1780; husband of Anastasie Goriot, by whom he was ruined; +died in December, 1824, while trying to adjust matters favorably for +his eldest son, Ernest, the only one of Madame de Restaud's three +children whom he recognized as his own. To this end he had pretended +that, having been very extravagant, he was greatly in debt to Gobseck. +He assured his son by another letter of the real condition of his +estate. M. de Restaud, was similar in appearance to the Duc de +Richelieu, and had the proud manners of the statesman of the +aristocratic faubourg. [Gobseck. Father Goriot.] + +RESTAUD (Comtesse Anastasie de), wife of the preceding; elder daughter +of the vermicelli-maker, Jean-Joachim Goriot; a beautiful brunette of +queenly bearing and manners. Like the fair and gentle Madame de +Nucingen, her sister, she showed herself severe and ungrateful towards +the kindliest and weakest of fathers. She had three children, two boys +and a girl; Ernest, the eldest, being the only legitimate one. She +ruined herself for Trailles, her lover's benefit, selling her jewels +to Gobseck and endangering her children's future. As soon as her +husband had breathed his last, in a moment anxiously awaited, she took +from under his pillow and burned the papers which she believed +contrary to her own interests and those of her two natural children. +It thus followed that Gobseck, the fictitious creditor, gained a claim +on all of the remaining property. [Gobseck. Father Goriot.] + +RESTAUD (Ernest de), eldest child of the preceding, and their only +legitimate one, as the other two were natural children of Maxime de +Trailles. In 1824, while yet a child, he received from his dying +father instruction to hand to Derville, the attorney, a sealed package +which contained his will; but Madame de Restaud, by means of her +maternal authority, kept Ernest from carrying out his promise. On +attaining his majority, after his fortune had been restored to him by +his father's fictitious creditor, Gobseck, he married Camille de +Grandlieu, who reciprocated his love for her. As a result of this +marriage Ernest de Restaud became connected with the Legitimists, +while his brother Felix, who had almost attained the position of +minister under Louis Philippe, followed the opposite party. [Gobseck. +The Member for Arcis.] + +RESTAUD (Madame Ernest de), born Camille de Grandlieu in 1813, +daughter of the Vicomtesse de Grandlieu. During the first years of +Louis Philippe's reign, while very young, she fell in love with and +married Ernest de Restaud, who was then a minor. [Gobseck. The Member +for Arcis.] + +RESTAUD (Felix-Georges de), one of the younger children of the Comte +and Comtesse de Restaud; probably a natural son of Maxime de Trailles. +In 1839, Felix de Restaud was chief secretary to his cousin Eugene de +Rastignac, minister of public works. [Gobseck. The Member for Arcis.] + +RESTAUD (Pauline de), legal daughter of the Comte and Comtesse de +Restaud, but probably the natural daughter of Maxime de Trailles. We +know nothing of her life. [Gobseck.] + +REYBERT (De), captain in the Seventh regiment of artillery under the +Empire; born in the Messin country. During the Restoration he lived in +Presles, Seine-et-Oise, with his wife and daughter, on only six +hundred francs pension. As a neighbor of Moreau, manager of the Comte +de Serizy's estate, he detected the steward in some extortions, and +sending his wife to the count, denounced the guilty man. He was chosen +as Moreau's successor. Reybert married his daughter, without +furnishing her a dowry, to the wealthy farmer Leger. [A Start in +Life.] + +REYBERT (Madame de), born Corroy, in Messin, wife of the preceding, +and like him of noble family. Her face was pitted by small-pox until +it looked like a skimmer; her figure was tall and spare; her eyes were +bright and clear; she was straight as a stick; she was a strict +Puritan, and subscribed to the Courrier Francais. She paid a visit to +the Comte de Serizy, and unfolded to him Moreau's extortions, thus +obtaining for her husband the stewardship of Presles. [A Start in +Life.] + +RHETORE (Duc Alphonse de), eldest son of the Duc and Duchess de +Chaulieu, he became an ambassador in the diplomatic service. For many +years during the Restoration he kept Claudine Chaffaroux, called +Tullia, the star dancing-girl at the Opera, who married Bruel in 1824. +He became acquainted with Lucien de Rubempre, both in his own circle +of acquaintance and in the world of gallantry, and entertained him one +evening in his box at a first performance at the Ambigu in 1821. He +reproached his guest for having wounded Chatelet and Madame de +Bargeton by his newspaper satire, and at the same time, while +addressing him continually as Chardon, he counseled the young man to +become a Royalist, in order that Louis XVIII. might restore to him the +title and name of Rubempres, his maternal ancestors. The Duc de +Rhetore, however, disliked Lucien de Rubempre, and a little later at a +performance in the Italiens, he traduced him to Madame de Serizy, who +was really in love with the poet. [A Bachelor's Establishment. A +Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. +Letters of Two Brides.] In 1835, he married the Duchesse d'Argaiolo, +born the Princesse Soderini, a woman of great beauty and fortune. +[Albert Savarus.] In 1839, he had a duel with Dorlange-Sallenauve, +having provoked the latter, by speaking in a loud voice, which he knew +could be easily understood, and slandering Marie Gaston, second +husband of Dorlange's sister, Louise de Chaulieu. Dorlange was +wounded. [The Member for Arcis.] + +RHETORE (Duchess de), born Francesca Soderini in 1802; a very +beautiful and wealthy Florentine; married, when very young, by her +father, to the Duc d'Argaiolo, who was also very rich and much older +than herself. In Switzerland or Italy she became acquainted with +Albert Savarus, when, as a result of political events, she and her +husband were proscribed and deprived of their property. The Duchesse +d'Argaiolo and Albert Savarus loved platonically, and Francesca-like +she promised her hand to her Francois whenever she should become a +widow. In 1835, having been widowed for some time, and, as a result of +Rosalie de Watteville's plots, believing herself forgotten and +betrayed by Savarus, from whom she had received no news, she gave her +hand to the Duc de Rhetore, the ex-ambassador. The marriage took place +in the month of May at Florence and was celebrated with much pomp. The +Duchesse d'Argaiolo is pictured under the name of the Princesse +Gandolphini in "L'Ambitieux par Amour," published in 1834 by the Revue +de l'Est. Under Louis Philippe, the Duchesse de Rhetore became +acquainted with Mademoiselle de Watteville at a charity entertainment. +On their second meeting, which took place at the Opera ball, +Mademoiselle de Watteville revealed her own ill-doings and vindicated +Savarus. [Albert Savarus.] + +RICHARD (Veuve), a Nemours woman from whom Ursule Mirouet, afterwards +Vicomtesse de Portenduere, after the death of Doctor Minoret, her +guardian, purchased a house to occupy. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +RIDAL (Fulgence), dramatic author; member of the Cenacle, which held +its sessions at D'Arthez's home on rue des Quatre-Vents, during the +Restoration. He disparaged Leon Giraud's beliefs, went under a +Rabelaisian guise, careless, lazy and skeptical, also inclined to be +melancholy and happy at the same time; nick-named by his friends the +"Regimental Dog." Fulgence Ridal and Joseph Bridau, with other members +of the Cenacle, were present at an evening party given by Madame Veuve +Bridau, in 1819, to celebrate the return of her son Philippe from +Texas. [A Bachelor's Establishment. A Distinguished Provincial at +Paris.] In 1845, having been a vaudevillist, he was given the +direction of a theatre in association with Lousteau. He had +influencial government friends. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +RIFFE, copying-clerk in the Financial Bureau, who had charge of the +"personnel." [The Government Clerks.] + +RIFOOEL. (See Vissard, Chevalier du.) + +RIGANSON, called Biffon, also Chanoine, constituted with La Biffe, his +mistress, one of the most important couples in his class of society. +When a convict he met Jacques Collin, called Vautrin, and in May, +1830, saw him once more at the Conciergerie, at the time of the +judical investigation succeeding Esther Gobseck's death. Riganson was +short of stature, fat, and with livid skin, and an eye black and +sunken. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +RIGOU (Gregoire), born in 1756; at one time a Benedictine friar. Under +the Republic he married Arsene Pichard, only heir of the rich Cure +Niseron. He became a money-lender; filled the office of mayor of +Blangy, Bourgogne, up to 1821, when he was succeeded by Montcornet. On +the arrival of the general in the country Rigou endeavored to be +friendly with him, but having been quickly slighted, he became one of +the Montcornets' most dangerous enemies, along with Gaubertin, mayor +of Ville-aux-Fayes, and Soudry, mayor of Soulanges. This triumvirate +succeeded in arousing the peasants against the owner of Aigues, and +the local citizens having become more or less opposed to him, the +general sold his property, and it fell to the three associates. Rigou +was selfish, avaricious but pleasure-loving; he looked like a condor. +His name was often the subject of a pun, and he was called Grigou (G. +Rigou--a miserly man). "Deep as a monk, silent as a Benedictine, +crafty as a priest, this man would have been a Tiberius in Rome, a +Richelieu under Louis XIII. or a Fouche under the Convention." [The +Peasantry.] + +RIGOU (Madame), born Arsene Pichard, wife of the preceding, niece of a +maid named Pichard, who was house-keeper for Cure Niseron under the +Revolution, and whom she succeeded as house-keeper. She inherited, +together with her aunt, some money from a wealthy priest. She was +known while young by the name of La Belle Arsene. She had great +influence over the cure, although she could neither read nor write. +After her marriage with Rigou, she became the old Benedictine's slave. +She lost her Rubens-like freshness, her magical figure, her beautiful +teeth and the lustre of her eyes when she gave birth to her daughter, +who eventually became the wife of Soudry (fils). Madame Rigou quietly +bore the continued infidelity of her husband, who always had pretty +maids in his household. [The Peasantry.] + +RIVAUDOULT D'ARSCHOOT, of the Dulmen branch of a noted family of +Galicia or Russie-Rouge; heirs, through their grandfather, to this +family, and also, in default of the direct heirs, successors to the +titles. [The Thirteen.] + +RIVET (Achille), maker of lace and embroidery on rue des Mauvaises- +Paroles, in the old Langeais house, built by the illustrious family at +the time when the greatest lords were clustered around the Louvre. In +1815 he succeeded the Pons Brothers, embroiderers to the Court, and +was judge in the tribunal of commerce. He employed Lisbeth Fischer, +and, despite their quarrel, rendered this spinster some service. +Achille Rivet worshiped Louis Philippe, who was to him the "noble +representative of the class out of which he constructed his dynasty." +He loved the Poles less, at the time they were preventing European +equilibrium. He was willing to aid Cousin Betty in the revenge against +Wenceslas, which she once contemplated, as a result of her jealousy. +[Cousin Betty. Cousin Pons.] + +ROBERT, a Paris restaurant-keeper, near Frascati. Early in 1822 he +furnished a banquet lasting nine hours, at the time of the founding of +the Royalist journal, the "Reveil." Theodore Gaillard and Hector +Merlin, founders of the paper, Nathan and Lucien de Rubempre, +Martainville, Auger, Destains and many authors who "were responsible +for monarchy and religion," were present. "We have enjoyed an +excellent monarchical and religious feast!" said one of the best known +romanticists as he stood on the threshold. This sentence became famous +and appeared the next morning in the "Miroir." Its repetition was +wrongly attributed to Rubempre, although it had been reported by a +book-seller who had been invited to the repast. [A Distinguished +Provincial at Paris.] + +ROCHEFIDE (Marquis Arthur de), one of the later nobility; married +through his father's instrumentality, in 1828, Beatrix de Casteran, a +descendant of the more ancient nobility. His father thought that by +doing this his son would obtain an appointment to the peerage, an +honor which he himself had vainly sought. The Comtesse de Montcornet +was interested in this marriage. Arthur de Rochefide served in the +Royal Guards. He was a handsome man, but not especially worthy. He +spent much of his time at his toilet, and it was known that he wore a +corset. He was everybody's friend, as he joined in with the opinions +and extravagances of everybody. His favorite amusement was horse- +racing, and he supported a journal devoted to the subject of horses. +Having been deserted by his wife, he mourned without becoming the +object of ridicule, and passed for a "jolly, good fellow." Made rich +by the death of his father and of his elder sister, who was the wife +of D'Ajuda-Pinto, he inherited, among other things, a splendid mansion +on rue d'Anjou-Saint-Honore. He slept and ate there only occasionally +and was very happy at not having the marital obligations and expense +customary with married men. At heart he was so well satisfied at +having been deserted by his wife, that he said to his friends, "I was +born lucky." For a long time he supported Madame Schontz, and then +they lived together maritally. She reared his legitimate son as +carefully as though he were her own child. After 1840 she married Du +Ronceret, and Arthur de Rochefide was rejoined by his wife. He soon +communicated to her a peculiar disease, which Madame Schontz, angered +at having been abandoned, had given to him, as well as to Baron +Calyste du Guenic. [Beatrix.] In 1838, Rochefide was present at the +house-warming given by Josepha in her mansion on rue de la Ville- +l'Eveque. [Cousin Betty.] + +ROCHEFIDE (Marquise de), wife of the preceding, younger daughter of +the Marquis de Casteran; born Beatrix-Maximilienne-Rose de Casteran, +about 1808, in the Casteran Castle, department of Orne. After being +reared there she became the wife of the Marquis of Rochefide in 1828. +She was fair of skin, but a flighty vain coquette, without heart or +brains--a second Madame d'Espard, except for her lack of intelligence. +About 1832 she left her husband to flee into Italy with the musician, +Gennaro Conti, whom she took from her friend, Mademoiselle des +Touches. Finally she allowed Calyste du Guenic to pay her court. She +had met him also at her friend's house, and at first resisted the +young man. Afterwards, when he was married, she abandoned herself to +him. This liaison filled Madame du Guenic with despair, but was ended +after 1840 by the crafty manoeuvres of the Abbe Brossette. Madame de +Rochefide then rejoined her husband in the elegant mansion on rue +d'Anjou-Saint-Honore, but not until she had retired with him to +Nogent-sur-Marne, to care for her health which had been injured during +the resumption of marital relations. Before this reconciliation she +lived in Paris on rue de Chartres-du-Roule, near Monceau Park. The +Marquise de Rochefide had, by her husband, a son, who was for some +time under the care of Madame Schontz. [Beatrix. The Secrets of a +Princess.] In 1834, in the presence of Madame Felix de Vandenesse, +then in love with the poet Nathan, the Marquise Charles de Vandenesse, +sister-in-law of Madame Felix, Lady Dudley, Mademoiselle des Touches, +the Marquise d'Espard, Madame Moina de Saint Hereen and Madame de +Rochefide expressed their ideas on love and marriage. "Love is +heaven," said Lady Dudley. "It is hell!" cried Mademoiselle des +Touches. "But it is a hell where there is love," replied Madame de +Rochefide. "There is often more pleasure in suffering than in +happiness; remember the martyrs!" [A Daughter of Eve.] The history of +Sarrasine was told her about 1830. The marquise was acquainted with +the Lantys, and at their house saw the strange Zambinella. +[Sarrasine.] One afternon, in the year 1836 or 1837, in her house on +rue des Chartres, Madame de Rochefide heard the story of the "Prince +of Bohemia" told by Nathan. After this narrative she became wild over +La Palferine. [A Prince of Bohemia.] + +ROCHEGUDE (Marquis de), an old man in 1821, possessing an income of +six hundred thousand francs, offered a brougham at this time to +Coralie, who was proud of having refused it, being "an artist, and not +a prostitute." [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] This Rochegude +was apparently a Rochefide. The change of names and confusion of +families was corrected eventually by law. + +RODOLPHE, natural son of an intelligent and charming Parisian and of a +Barbancon gentleman who died before he was able to arrange +satisfactorily for his sweetheart. Rodolphe was a fictitious character +in "L'Ambitieux par Amour," by Albert Savarus in the "Revue de l'Est" +in 1834, where, under this assumed name, he recounted his own +adventures. [Albert Savarus.] + +ROGER, general, minister and director of personnel in the War +Department in 1841. For thirty years a comrade of Baron Hulot. At this +time he enlightened his friend on the administrative situation, which +was seriously endangered at the time he asked for an appointment for +his sub-chief, Marneffe. This advancement was not merited, but became +possible through the dismissal of Coquet, the chief of bureau. [Cousin +Betty.] + +ROGRON, Provins tavern-keeper in the last half of the eighteenth +century and the beginning of the nineteenth. He was at first a carter, +and married the daughter of M. Auffray, a Provins grocer, by his first +wife. When his father-in-law died, Rogron bought his house from the +widow for a song, retired from business and lived there with his wife. +He possessed about two thousand francs in rentals, obtained from +twenty-seven pieces of land and the interest on the twenty thousand +francs raised by the sale of his tavern. Having become in his old age +a selfish, avaricious drunkard and shrewd as a Swiss tavern-keeper, he +reared coarsely and without affection the two children, Sylvie and +Jerome-Denis, whom he had by his wife. He died, in 1822, a widower. +[Pierrette.] + +ROGRON (Madame), wife of the preceding; daughter, by his first wife, +of M. Auffray, a Provins grocer; paternal aunt of Madame Lorrain, the +mother of Pierrette; born in 1743; very homely; married at the age of +sixteen; left her husband a widower. [Pierrette.] + +ROGRON (Sylvie), elder child of the preceding; born between 1780 and +1785 at Provins; sent to the country to be nursed. When thirteen years +old she was placed in a store on rue Saint-Denis, Paris. When twenty +years old she was second clerk in a silk-store, the Ver Chinois, and +towards the end of 1815, bought with her own savings and those of her +brother the property of the Soeur de Famille, one of the best retail +haberdasher's establishments and then kept by Madame Guenee. Sylvie +and Jerome-Denis, partners in this establishment, retired to Provins +in 1823. They lived there in their father's house, he having been dead +several months, and received their cousin, the young Pierrette +Lorrain, a fatherless and motherless child of a delicate nature, whom +they treated harshly, and who died as a result of the brutal treatment +of Sylvie, an envious spinster. This woman had been sought in +marriage, on account of her dowry, by Colonel Gouraud, and she +believed herself deserted by him for Pierrette. [Pierrette.] + +ROGRON (Jerome-Denis), two years younger than his sister Sylvie, and +like her sent to Paris by his father. When very young he entered the +establishment of one of the leading haberdashers on rue Saint-Denis, +the firm of Guepin at the Trois Quenouilles. He became first clerk +there at eighteen. Finally associated with Sylvie in the haberdasher's +establishment, the Soeur de Famille, he withdrew with her in 1823 to +Provins. Jerome-Denis Rogron was ignorant and did not amount to much, +but depended on his sister in everything, for Sylvie had "good sense +and was sharp at a bargain." He allowed his sister to maltreat +Pierrette Lorrain, and, when called before the Provins court as +responsible for the young girl's death, was acquitted. In his little +city, Rogron, through the influence of the attorney, Vinet, opposed +the government of Charles X. After 1830 he was appointed receiver- +general. The former Liberal, who was one of the masses, said that +Louis Philippe would not be a real king until he could create +noblemen. In 1828, although homely and unintelligent, he married the +beautiful Bathilde de Chargeboeuf, who inspired in him an old man's +foolish passion. [Pierrette.] + +ROGRON (Madame Denis), born Bathilde de Chargeboeuf, about 1803, one +of the most beautiful young girls of Troyes, poor but noble and +ambitious. Her relative, Vinet the attorney, had made "a little +Catherine de Medicis" of her, and married her to Denis Rogron. Some +years after this marriage she desired to become a widow as soon as +possible, so that she might marry General Marquis de Montriveau, a +peer of France, who was very attentive to her. Montriveau controlled +the department in which Rogron had a receivership. [Pierrette.] + +ROGUIN, born in 1761; for twenty-five years a Paris notary, tall and +heavy; black hair and high forehead; of somewhat distinguished +appearance; affected with ozoena. This affection caused his ruin, for, +having married the only daughter of the banker, Chevrel, he disgusted +his wife very soon, and she was untrue to him. On the other hand, he +had paid mistresses, and kept and was fleeced by Sarah van Gobseck-- +"La Belle Hollandaise"--mother of Esther. He had met her about 1815. +In 1818 and 1819 Roguin, seriously compromised by careless financial +ventures as well as by dissipation, disappeared from Paris; and thus +brought about the ruin of Guillaume Grandet, Cesar Birotteau, and +Mesdames Descoings and Bridau. [Cesar Birotteau. Eugenie Grandet. A +Bachelor's Establishment.] Roguin had by his wife a daughter, whom he +married to the president of the Provins tribunal. She was called in +that city "the beautiful Madame Tiphaine." [Pierrette.] In 1816 he +made, for Ginevra di Piombo, a respectful request of her father that +he would allow his daughter to marry Luigi Porta, an enemy of the +family. [The Vendetta.] + +ROGUIN (Madame), born Chevrel between the years 1770 and 1780; only +daughter of Chevrel, the banker; wife of the preceding; cousin of +Madame Guillaume of The Cat and Racket, and fifteen years her junior; +aided her relative's daughter, Augustine, in her love affair with the +painter, Sommervieux; pretty and coquettish; for a long time the +mistress of Tillet, the banker; was present with her husband at the +famous ball given by Cesar Birotteau, December 17, 1818. She had a +country-house at Nogent-sur-Marne, in which she lived with her lover +after Roguin's departure. [Cesar Birotteau. At the Sign of the Cat and +Racket. Pierrette.] In 1815 Caroline Crochard, then an embroiderer, +worked for Madame Roguin, who made her wait for her wages. [A Second +Home.] In 1834 and 1835 Madame Roguin, then more than fifty years of +age, still posed as young and dominated Du Tillet, who was married to +the charming Marie-Eugenie de Granville. [A Daughter of Eve.] + +ROGUIN (Mathilde-Melanie). (See Tiphaine, Madame.) + +ROMETTE (La). (See Paccard, Jeromette.) + +RONCERET (Du), president of the Alencon tribunal under the +Restoration; was then a tall man, very thin, with forehead sloping +back to his thin chestnut hair; eyes of different colors, and +compressed lips. Not having been courted by the nobility, he turned +his attention to the middle classes, and then in the suit against +Victurnien d'Esgrignon, charged with forgery, he immediately took part +in the prosecution. That a preliminary trial might be avoided he kept +away from Alencon, but a judgment which acquitted Victurnien was +rendered during his absence. M. du Ronceret, in Machiavelli fashion, +manoeuvred to gain for his son Fabien the hand of a wealthy heiress of +the city, Mademoiselle Blandureau, who had also been sought by Judge +Blondet for his son Joseph. In this contest the judge won over his +chief. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] M. du Ronceret died in 1837, +while holding the presidency of chamber at the Royal Court of Caen. +The Du Roncerets, ennobled under Louis XV., had arms bearing the word +"Servir" as a motto and a squire's helmet. [Beatrix.] + +RONCERET (Madame du), wife of the preceding, tall and ill-formed; of +serious disposition; dressed herself in the most absurd costumes of +gorgeous colors; spent much time at her toilet, and never went to a +ball without first decorating her head with a turban, such as the +English were then wearing. Madame du Ronceret received each week, and +each quarter gave a great three-course dinner, which was spoken of in +Alencon, for the president then endeavored, with his miserly +abundance, to compete with M. du Bousquier's elegance. In the +Victurnien d'Esgrignon affair, Madame du Ronceret, at the instigation +of her husband, urged the deputy, Sauvages, to work against the young +nobleman. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +RONCERET (Fabien-Felicien du), or Duronceret, son of the preceding +couple; born about 1802, educated at Alencon; was here the companion +in dissipation of Victurnien d'Esgrignon, whose evil nature he +stimulated at M. du Bousquier's instigation. [Jealousies of a Country +Town.] At first a judge in Alencon, Du Ronceret resigned after the +death of his father and went to Paris in 1838, with the intention of +pushing himself into notice by first causing an uproar. He became +acquainted in Bohemian circles where he was called "The Heir," on +account of some prodigalities. Having made the acquaintance of +Couture, the journalist, he was presented by him to Madame Schontz, a +popular courtesan of the day, and became his successor in an elegantly +furnished establishment in a first floor on rue Blanche. He there +began as vice-president of a horticultural society. After an opening +session, during which he delivered an address which he had paid +Lousteau five hundred francs to compose, and where he made himself +noticed by a flower given him by Judge Blondet, he was decorated. +Later he married Madame Schontz, who wished to enter middle-class +society. Ronceret expected, with her influence, to become president of +the court and officer of the Legion of Honor [Beatrix.] While +purchasing a shawl for his wife at M. Fritot's, in company with +Bixiou, Fabien du Ronceret was present about 1844 at the comedy which +took place when the Selim shawl was sold to Mistress Noswell. +[Gaudissart II.] + +RONCERET (Madame Fabien du), born Josephine Schiltz in 1805, wife of +the preceding, daughter of a colonel under the Empire; fatherless and +motherless, at nine years of age she was sent to Saint-Denis by +Napoleon in 1814, and remained in that educational institution, as +assistant-mistress, until 1827. At this time Josephine Schiltz, who +was a god-child of the Empress, began the adventurous life of a +courtesan, after the example of some of her companions who were, like +her, at the end of their patience. She now changed her name from +Schiltz to Schontz, and she was also known under the assumed name of +Little Aurelie. Animated, intelligent and pretty, after having +sacrificed herself to true love, after having known "some poor but +dishonorable writers," after having tried intimacy with several rich +simpletons, she was met in a day of distress, at Valentino Mussard's, +by Arthur de Rochefide, who loved her madly. Having been abandoned by +his wife for two years, he lived with her in free union. This evil +state of affairs existed until the time when Josephine Schiltz was +married by Fabien du Ronceret. In order to have revenge on the Marquis +de Rochefide for abandoning her, she gave him a peculiar disease, +which she had made Fabien du Ronceret contract, and which also was +conveyed to Calyste du Guenic. During her life as a courtesan, her +rivals were Suzanne de Val-Noble, Fanny Beaupre, Mariette, Antonia, +and Florine. She was intimate with Finot, Nathan, Claude Vignon, to +whom she probably owed her critical mind, Bixiou, Leon de Lora, Victor +de Vernisset, La Palferine, Gobeneim, Vermanton the cynical +philosphoer, etc. She even hoped to marry one of these. In 1836 she +lived on rue Flechier, and was the mistress of Lousteau, to whom she +wished to marry Felicie Cardot, the notary's daughter. Later she +belonged to Stidmann. In 1838 she was present at Josepha's house- +warming on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. In 1840, at the first performance +at the Ambigu, she met Madame de la Baudraye, then Lousteau's +mistress. Josephine Schiltz finally became the wife of President du +Ronceret. [Beatrix. The Muse of the Department. Cousin Betty. The +Unconscious Humorists.] + +RONQUEROLLES (Marquis de), brother of Madame de Serizy; uncle of the +Comtesse Laginska; one of "The Thirteen," and one of the most +efficient governmental diplomats under Louis Philippe; next to the +Prince de Talleyrand the shrewdest ambassador; was of great service to +Marsay during his service as a minister; was sent to Russia in 1838 on +a secret mission. Having lost his two children during the cholera +scourge of 1832, he was left without a direct heir. He had been a +deputy on the Right Centre under the Restoration, representing a +department in Bourgogne, where he was proprietor of a forest and of a +castle next to the Aigues in the commune of Blangy. When Gaubertin, +the steward, was discharged by the Comte de Montcornet, Soudry spoke +as follows: "Patience! We have Messieurs de Soulanges and de +Ronquerolles." [The Imaginary Mistress. The Peasantry. Ursule +Mirouet.] M. de Ronquerolles was an intimate friend of the Marquis +d'Aiglemont; they even addressed each other familiarly as /thou/ +instead of /you/. [A Woman of Thirty.] He alone knew of Marsay's first +love and the name of "Charlotte's" husband. [Another Study of Woman.] +In 1820 the Marquis de Ronquerolles, while at a ball at the Elysee- +Bourbon, in the Duchesse de Berri's house, provoked Auguste de +Maulincour, of whom Ferragus Bourignard had complained, to a duel. +Also, as a result of his membership in the Thirteen, Ronquerolles, +along with Marsay, helped General de Montriveau abduct the Duchesse de +Langeais from the convent of bare-footed Carmelites, where she had +taken refuge. [The Thirteen.] In 1839 he was M. de Rhetore's second in +a duel fought with Dorlange-Sallenauve, the sculptor, in connection +with Marie Gaston. [The Member for Arcis.] + +ROSALIE, rosy-cheeked and buxom, waiting-maid to Madame de Merret at +Vendome; then, after the death of her mistress, servant employed by +Madame Lepas, tavern-keeper in that town. She finally told Horace +Bianchon the drama of La Grande Breteche and the misfortunes of the +Merrets. [La Grande Breteche.] + +ROSALIE, chambermaid to Madame Moreau at Presles in 1822. [A Start in +Life.] + +ROSE, maid in the service of Armande-Louise-Marie de Chaulieu in 1823, +at the time when this young lady, having left the Carmelites of Blois, +came to live with her father on the Boulevard des Invalides in Paris. +[Letters of Two Brides.] + +ROSINA, an Italian from Messina, wife of a Piedmont gentleman, who was +captain in the French army under the Empire; mistress of her husband's +colonel. She died with her lover near Beresina in 1812, her jealous +husband having set fire to the hut which she and the colonel were +occupying. [Another Study of Woman.] + +ROUBAUD, born about 1803 was declared doctor by the Paris medical +school, a pupil of Desplein; practiced medicine at Montegnac, Haute- +Vienne, under Louis Philippe, small man of fair skin and very insipid +appearance, but with gray eyes which betrayed the depth of a +physiologist and the tenacity of a student. Roubaud was introduced to +Madame Graslin by the Cure Bonnet, who was in despair at Roubaud's +religious indifference. The young physician admired and secretly loved +this celebrated Limousinese, and became converted suddenly to +Catholicism on seeing the saintly death of Madame Graslin. When dying +she made him head-physician in a hospital founded by her at the +Tascherons near Montegnac. [The Country Parson.] + +ROUGET (Doctor), an Issoudun physician under Louis XVI. and the +Republic; born in 1737; died in 1805; married the most beautiful girl +of the city, whom, it is said, he made very unhappy. He had by her two +children: a son, Jean-Jacques; and, ten years later, a daughter, +Agathe, who became Madame Bridau. The birth of this daughter brought +about a rupture between the doctor and his intimate friend, the sub- +delegate Lousteau, whom Rouget, doubtless wrongly, accused of being +the girl's father. Each of these men charged the other with being the +father of Maxence Gilet, who was in reality the son of a dragoon +officer, stationed at Bourges. Doctor Rouget, who passed for a very +disagreeable, unaccommodating man, was selfish and spiteful. He +quickly got rid of his daughter, whom he hated. After his wife, his +mother-in-law and his father-in-law had died, he was very rich, and +although his life was apparently regular and free from scandal, he was +in reality very dissipated. In 1799, filled with admiration for the +beauty of the little Rabouilleuse, Flore Brazier, he received her into +his own home, where she stayed, becoming first the mistress, and +afterwards the wife of his son, Jean-Jacques, and eventually Madame +Philippe Bridau, Comtesse de Bramboug. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] + +ROUGET (Madame), born Descoings, wife of the preceding, daughter of +rich and avaricous wool-dealers at Issoudun, elder sister of the +grocer, Descoings, who married the widow of M. Bixiou and afterwards +died with Andre Chenier, July 25, 1794, on the scaffold. As a young +woman, although in very poor health, she was celebrated for her +beauty. Not being gifted with a very sound intellect, when married it +was thought that she was very badly treated by Doctor Rouget. Her +husband believed that she was unfaithful to him for the sake of the +sub-delegate, Lousteau. Madame Rouget, deprived of her dearly-beloved +daughter, and finding her son lacking altogether in affection for her, +declined rapidly and died early in 1799, unwept by her husband, who +had counted correctly on her early death. [A Bachelor's +Establishment.] + +ROUGET (Jean-Jacques), born at Issoudun in 1768, son of the preceding +couple, brother of Madame Bridau, who was ten years his junior. +Entirely lacking in intellect, he became wildly in love with Flore +Brazier, whom he knew as a child in his father's house. He made this +girl his servant-mistress soon after the doctor's death, and allowed +her lover, Maxence Gilet, near her. He finally married her in 1823, +being urged to do so by his nephew, Philippe Bridau, who soon took +Rouget to Paris, and there arranged for the old man's early death by +starting him into dissipation. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] After the +death of J.-J. Rouget, the Baudrayes of Sancerre bought part of his +furniture, and had it removed from Issoudun to Anzy, where they placed +it in their castle, which had formerly belonged to the Cadignans. [The +Muse of the Department.] + +ROUGET (Madame Jean-Jacques). (See Bridau, Madame Philippe.) + +ROUSSE (La), significant name given Madame Prelard. (See this last +name.) + +ROUSSEAU, driver of the public hack which carried the taxes collected +at Caen. This conveyance was attacked and plundered by robbers in May, +1809, in the forest of Chesnay, near Mortagne, Orne. Rousseau, being +looked upon as an accomplice of the robbers, was included in the +prosecution which took place soon after; but he was acquitted. [The +Seamy Side of History.] + +ROUSTAN, Mameluke, in the service of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was with +his master on the eve of the battle of Jena, October 13, 1806, when +Laurence de Cinq-Cygne and M. de Chargeboeuf observed him holding the +Emperor's horse as Napoleon dismounted. This was just before these two +approached the Emperor to ask pardon for the Hauteserres and the +Simeuses, who had been condemned as accomplices in the abduction of +Senator Malin. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +ROUVILLE (de), (See Leseigneur, Madame.) + +ROUVRE (Marquis du), father of the Comtesse Clementine Laginska; threw +away a considerable fortune, by means of which he had brought about +his marriage with a Ronquerolles maiden. This fortune was partly eaten +up by Florine, "one of the most charming actresses of Paris." [The +Imaginary Mistress.] M. du Rouvre was the brother-in-law of the Comte +de Serizy, who, like him, had married a Ronquerolles. Having been a +marquis under the old regime, M. du Rouvre was created count and made +chamberlain by the Emperor. [A Start in Life.] In 1829, M. du Rouvre, +then ruined, lived at Nemours. He had near this city a castle which he +sold at great loss to Minoret-Levrault. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +ROUVRE (Chevalier du), younger brother of the Marquis du Rouvre; an +eccentric old bachelor, who became wealthy by dealing in houses and +real estate, and is supposed to have left his fortune to his niece, +the Comtesse Clementine Laginska. [The Imaginary Mistress. Ursule +Mirouet.] + +ROUZEAU, an Angouleme printer, predecessor and master of Jerome- +Nicolas Sechard, in the eighteenth century. [Lost Illusions.] + +RUBEMPRE (Lucien-Chardon de), born in 1800 at Angouleme; son of +Chardon, a surgeon in the armies of the Republic who became an +apothecary in that town, and of Mademoiselle de Rubempre, his wife, +the descendant of a very noble family. He was a journalist, poet, +romance writer, author of "Les Marguerites," a book of sonnets, and of +the "Archer de Charles IX.," a historical romance. He shone for a time +in the salon of Madame de Bargeton, born Marie-Louise-Anais de +Negrepelisse, who became enamored of him, enticed him to Paris, and +there deserted him, at the instigation of her cousin, Madame d'Espard. +He met the members of the Cenacle on rue des Quatre-Vents, and became +well acquainted with D'Arthez. Etienne Lousteau, who revealed to him +the shameful truth concerning literary life, introduced him to the +well-known publisher, Dauriat, and escorted him to an opening night at +the Panorama-Dramatique theatre, where the poet saw the charming +Coralie. She loved him at first sight, and he remained true to her +until her death in 1822. Started by Lousteau into undertaking Liberal +journalism, Lucien de Rubempre passed over suddenly to the Royalist +side, founding the "Reveil," an extremely partisan organ, with the +hope of obtaining from the King the right to adopt the name of his +mother. At this time he frequented the social world and thus brought +to poverty his mistress. He was wounded in a duel by Michel Chrestien, +whom he had made angry by an article in the "Reveil," which had +severely criticised a very excellent book by Daniel d'Arthez. Coralie +having died, he departed for Angouleme on foot, with no resources +except twenty francs that Berenice, the cousin and servant of her +mistress, had received from chance lovers. He came near dying of +exhaustion and sorrow, very near the city of his birth. He found there +Madame de Bargeton, then the wife of Comte Sixte du Chatelet, prefect +of Charente and a state councilor. Despite the warm reception given +him, first by a laudatory article in a local newspaper, and next by a +serenade from his young fellow-citizens, he left Angouleme hastily, +desperate at having been responsible for the ruin of his brother-in- +law, David Sechard, and contemplating suicide. While walking along he +chanced upon Canon Carlos Herrera (Jacques Collin--Vautrin), who took +him to Paris and became the guardian of his future career. In 1824, +while passing an evening at the theatre Porte-Saint-Martin, Rubempre +became acquainted with Esther Van Gobseck, called La Torpille, a +courtesan. They were both seized at once with a violent love. A little +later, at the last Opera ball of the winter of 1824, they would have +compromised their security and pleasure if it had not been for the +interference of Jacques Collin, called Vautrin, and if Lucien had not +denied certain people the pleasure of satisfying their ill-willed +curiosity, by agreeing to take supper at Lointier's.[*] Lucien de +Rubempre sought to become the son-in-law of the Grandlieus; he was +welcomed by the Rabourdins; he became the protector of Savinien de +Portenduere; he became the lover of Mmes. Maufrigneuse and Serizy, and +the beloved of Lydie Peyrade. His life of ambition and of pleasure +ended in the Conciergerie, where he was imprisoned unjustly, charged +with robbing and murdering Esther, or with being an accomplice. He +hanged himself while in prison, May 15, 1830. [Lost Illusions. A +Distinguished Provincial at Paris. The Government Clerks. Ursule +Mirouet. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Lucien de Rubempre lived in +turn in Paris at the Hotel du Gaillard-Bois, rue de l'Echelle, in a +room in the Quartier Latin, in the Hotel de Cluny on the street of the +same name, in a lodging-house on rue Charlot, in another on rue de la +Lune in company with Coralie, in a little apartment on rue Cassette +with Jacques Collin, who followed him at least to one of his two +houses on the Quai Malaquais and on rue Taitbout, the former home of +Beaudenord and of Caroline de Bellefeuille. He is buried in Pere- +Lachaise in a costly tomb which contains also the body of Esther +Gobseck, and in which there is a place reserved for Jacques Collin. A +series of articles, sharp and pointed, on Rubempre is entitled "Les +Passants de Paris." + +[*] The Lointier restaurant, on rue Richelieu, opposite rue de la + Bourse, was very popular about 1846 with the "four hundred." + +RUFFARD, called Arrachelaine, a robber and at the same time employed +by Bibi-Lupin, chief of secret police in 1830; connected, with Godet, +in the assassination of the Crottats, husband and wife, committed by +Dannepont, called La Pouraille. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +RUFFIN, born in 1815, the instructor of Francis Graslin after 1840. +Ruffin was a professional teacher, and was possessed of a wonderful +amount of information. His extreme tenderness "did not exclude from +his nature the severity necessary on the part of one who wishes to +govern a child." He was of pleasing appearance, known for his patience +and piety. He was taken to Madame Graslin from his diocese by the +Archbishop Dutheil, and had, for at least nine years, the direction of +the young man who had been put in his charge. [The Country Parson.] + +RUSTICOLI. (See La Palferine.) + + + +S + +SABATIER, police-agent; Corentin regretted not having had his +assistance in the search with Peyrade, at Gondreville, in 1803. [The +Gondreville Mystery.] + +SABATIER (Madame), born in 1809. She formerly sold slippers in the +trade gallery of the Palais de Justice, in Paris; widow of a man who +killed himself by excessive drinking, became a trained nurse, and +married a man whom she had nursed and had cured of an affection of the +urinary ducts ("lurinary," according to Madame Cibot), and by whom she +had a fine child. She lived in rue Barre-du-Bec. Madame Bordevin, a +relative, wife of a butcher of the rue Charlot, was god-mother of the +child. [Cousin Pons.] + +SAGREDO, a very wealthy Venetian senator, born in 1730, husband of +Bianca Vendramini; was strangled, in 1760, by Facino Cane, whom he had +found with Bianca, conversing on the subject of love, but in an +entirely innocent way. [Facino Cane.] + +SAGREDA (Bianca), wife of the preceding, born Vendramini, about 1742; +in 1760, she undeservingly incurred the suspicion, in the eyes of her +husband, of criminal relations with Facino Cane, and was unwilling to +follow her platonic friend away from Venice after the murder of +Sagredo. [Facino Cane.] + +SAILLARD, a clerk of mediocre talent in the Department of Finance, +during the reigns of Louis XVIII. and of Charles X.; formerly book- +keeper at the Treasury, where he is believed to have succeeded the +elder Poiret;[*] he was afterwards appointed chief cashier, and held +that position a long while. Saillard married Mademoiselle Bidault, a +daughter of a furniture merchant, whose establishment was under the +pillars of the Paris market, and a niece of the bill-discounter on rue +Greneta; he had by her a daughter, Elisabeth, who became by marriage +Madame Isidore Baudoyer; owned an old mansion on Place Royale, where +he lived together with the family of Isidore Baudoyer; he became mayor +of his ward during the monarchy of July, and renewed then his +acquaintance with his old comrades of the department, the Minards and +the Thuilliers. [The Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] + +[*] The Compilers subsequently dispute this. + +SAILLARD (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Bidault, in 1767; niece +of the bill-discounter called Gigonnet; was the leading spirit of the +household on Place Royale, and, above all, the counselor of her +husband; she reared her daughter Elisabeth, who became Madame +Baudoyer, very strictly. [Cesar Birotteau. The Government Clerks.] + +SAIN, shared with Augustin the sceptre of miniature painting under the +Empire. In 1809, before the Wagram campaign, he painted a miniature of +Montcornet, then young and handsome; this painting passed from the +hands of Madame Fortin, mistress of the future marshal, to the hands +of their daughter, Madame Valerie Crevel (formerly Marneffe). [Cousin +Betty.] + +SAINT-DENIS (De), assumed name of the police-agent, Corentin. + +SAINTE-BEAUVE (Charles-Augustin), born at Boulogne-sur-Mer in 1805; +died in Paris in 1869; an academician and senator under the Second +Empire. An illustrious Frenchman of letters whom Raoul Nathan imitated +poorly enough before Beatrix de Rochefide in his account of the +adventures of Charles-Edouard Rusticoli de la Palferine. [A Prince of +Bohemia.] + +SAINTE-SEVERE (Madame de), cousin to Gaston de Nueil, lived in Bayeux, +where she received, in 1822, her young kinsman, just convalescing from +some inflammatory disorder caused by excess in study or in pleasure. +[The Deserted Woman.] + +SAINT-ESTEVE (De), name of Jacques Collin as chief of the secret +police. + +SAINT-ESTEVE (Madame de), an assumed name, shared by Madame Jacqueline +Collin and Madame Nourrisson. + +SAINT-FOUDRILLE (De), a "brilliant scholar," lived in Paris, and most +likely in the Saint-Jacques district, at least about 1840, the time +when Thuillier wished to know him. [The Middle Classes.] + +SAINT-FOUDRILLE (Madame de), wife of the preceding, received, about +1840, a very attentive visit from the Thuillier family. [The Middle +Classes.] + +SAINT-GEORGES (Chevalier de), 1745-1801, a mulatto, of superb figure +and features, son of a former general; captain of the guards of the +Duc d'Orleans; served with distinction under Dumouriez; arrested in +1794 on suspicion, and released after the 9th Thermidor; he became +distinguished in the pleasing art of music, and especially in the art +of fencing. The Chevalier de Saint-Georges traded at the Cat and +Racket on the rue Saint-Denis, but did not pay his debts. Monsieur +Guillaume had obtained a judgment of the consular government against +him. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] Later he was made popular by +a production of a comedie-vaudeville of Roger de Beauvoir, at the +Varietees under Louis Philippe, with the comedian Lafont[*] as +interpreter. + +[*] Complimented in 1836, at the chateau of Madame de la Baudraye, by + Etienne Lousteau and Horace Bianchon. + +SAINT-GERMAIN (De), one of the assumed names of police-agent Peyrade. + +SAINT-HEREEN (Comte de), husband of Moina d'Aiglemont, was heir of one +of the most illustrious houses of France. He lived with his wife and +mother-in-law in a house belonging to the former, on the rue Plumet +(now rue Oudinot), adjoining the Boulevard des Invalides; about the +middle of December, 1843, he left this house alone to go on a +political mission; during this time his wife received too willingly +the frequent and compromising visits of young Alfred de Vandenesse, +and his mother-in-law died suddenly. [A Woman of Thirty.] + +SAINT-HEREEN (Countess Moina de), wife of the preceding; of five +children she was the only one that survived Monsieur and Madame +d'Aiglemont, in the second half of Louis Philippe's reign. Blindly +spoiled by her mother, she repaid that almost exclusive affection by +coldness only, or even disdain. By a cruel word Moina caused the death +of her mother; she dared, indeed, to recall to her mother her former +relations with Marquis Charles de Vandenesse, whose son Alfred she +herself was receiving with too much pleasure in the absence of +Monsieur de Saint-Hereen. [A Woman of Thirty.] In a conversation +concerning love with the Marquise de Vandenesse, Lady Dudley, +Mademoiselle des Touches, the Marquise of Rochefide, and Madame +d'Espard, Moina laughingly remarked: "A lover is forbidden fruit, a +statement that sums up the whole case with me." [A Daughter of Eve.] +Madame Octave de Camps, referring to Nais de l'Estorade, then a girl, +made the following cutting remark: "That little girl makes me anxious; +she reminds me of Moina d'Aiglemont." [The Member for Arcis.] + +SAINT-MARTIN (Louis-Claude de), called the "Unknown Philosopher," was +born on the 18th of January, 1743, at Amboise, and died October 13, +1803; he was very often received at Clochegourde by Madame de +Verneuil, an aunt of Madame de Mortsauf, who knew him there. At +Clochegourde, Saint-Martin superintended the publication of his last +books, which were printed at Letourmy's in Tours. [The Lily of the +Valley.] + +SAINT-VIER (Madame de). (See Gentillet.) + +SAINTOT (Astolphe de), one of the frequenters of the Bargeton salon at +Angouleme; president of the society of agriculture of his town; though +"ignorant as a carp," he passed for a scholar of the first rank; and, +though he did nothing, he let it be believed that he had been occupied +for several years with writing a treatise on modern methods of +cultivation. His success in the world was due, for the most part, to +quotations from Cicero, learned by heart in the morning and recited in +the evening. Though a tall, stout, red-faced man, Saintot seemed to be +ruled by his wife. [Lost Illusions.] + +SAINTOT (Madame de), wife of the preceding. Her Christian name was +Elisa, and she was usually called Lili, a childish designaton that was +in strong contrast with the character of this lady, who was dry and +solemn, extremely pious, and a cross and quarrelsome card-player. +[Lost Illusions.] + +SALLENAUVE (Francois-Henri-Pantaleon-Dumirail, Marquis de), a noble of +Champagne, lost and ruined by cards, in his old age was reduced to the +degree of a street-sweep, under the service of Jacques Bricheteau. +[The Member for Arcis.] + +SALLENAUVE (Comte de), legal son of the preceding, was born in 1809 of +the relations of Catherine-Antoinette Goussard and Jacques Collin; +grandson of Danton through his mother; school-mate of Marie Gaston, +whose friend he continued to be, and for whom he fought a duel. For a +long time he knew nothing of his family, but lived almost to the age +of thirty under the name of Charles Dorlange. [The Member for Arcis.] + +SALLENAUVE (Comtesse de), wife of the preceding, born Jeanne-Athenais +de l'Estorade (Nais, by familiar abbreviation) in February, 1827; the +precocious and rather spoilt child of the Comte and Comtesse Louis de +l'Estorade. [Letters of Two Brides. The Member for Arcis.] + +SALMON, formerly expert in the museum at Paris. In 1826, while on a +visit at Tours, whither he had gone to see his mother-in-law, he was +engaged to assess a "Virgin" by Valentin and a "Christ" by Lebrun, +paintings which Abbe Francois Birotteau had inherited from Abbe +Chapeloud, having left them in an apartment recently occupied by +himself at Mademoiselle Sophie Gamard's. [The Vicar of Tours.] + +SALOMON (Joseph), of Tours, or near Tours, uncle and guardian to +Pauline Salomon de Villenoix, a very rich Jewess. He was deeply +attached to his niece and wished a brilliant match for her. Louis +Lambert, who was engaged to Pauline, said: "This terrible Salomon +freezes me; this man is not of our heaven." [Louis Lambert.] + +SAMANON, a squint-eyed speculator, followed the various professions of +a money-handler during the reigns of Louis XVIII., Charles X., and +Louis Philippe. In 1821, Lucien de Rubempre, still a novice, visited +Samanon's establishment in the Faubourg Poissonniere, where he was +then engaged in the numerous trades of dealing in old books and old +clothes, of brokerage, and of discount. There he found a certain great +man of unknown identity, a Bohemian and cynic, who had come to borrow +his own clothes that he had left in pawn. [A Distinguished Provincial +at Paris.] Nearly three years later, Samanon was the man of straw of +the Gobseck-Bidault (Gigonnet) combination, who were persecuting +Chardin des Lupeaulx for the payment of debts due them. [The +Government Clerks.] After 1830, the usurer joined with the Cerizets +and the Claparons when they tried to circumvent Maxime de Trailles. [A +Man of Business.] The same Samanon, about 1844, had bills to the value +of ten thousand francs against Baron Hulot d'Ervy, who was seeking +refuge under the name of Father Vyder. [Cousin Betty.] + +SAN-ESTEBAN (Marquise de), a foreign and aristocratic sounding assumed +name, under which Jacqueline Collin disguised herself when she visited +the Conciergerie, in May, 1830, to see Jacques Collin, himself under +the incognito of Carlos Herrera. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +SAN-REAL (Don Hijos, Marquis de), born about 1735, a powerful +nobleman; he enjoyed the friendship of Ferdinand VII., King of Spain, +and married a natural daughter of Lord Dudley, Margarita-Euphemia +Porraberil (born of a Spanish mother), with whom he lived in Paris, in +1815, in a mansion on the rue Saint-Lazare, near Nucingen. [The +Thirteen.] + +SAN REAL (Marquise de), wife of the preceding, born Margarita-Euphemia +Porraberil, natural daughter of Lord Dudley and a Spanish woman, and +sister of Henri de Marsay; had the restless energy of her brother, +whom she resembled also in appearance. Brought up at Havana, she was +then taken back to Madrid, accompanied by a creole girl of the +Antilles, Paquita Valdes, with whom she maintained passionate +unnatural relations, that marriage did not interrupt and which were +being continued in Paris in 1815, when the marquise, meeting a rival +in her brother, Henri de Marsay, killed Paquita. After this murder, +Madame de San Real retired to Spain to the convent of Los Dolores. +[The Thirteen.] + +SANSON (Charles-Henri), public executioner in the period of the +Revolution, and beheader of Louis XVI.; he attended two masses +commemorating the death of the King, celebrated in 1793 and 1794, by +the Abbe de Marolles, to whom his identity was afterwards disclosed by +Ragon. [An Episode under the Terror.] + +SANSON, son of the preceding, born about 1770, descended, as was his +father, from headsmen of Rouen. After having been captain of cavalry +he assisted his father in the execution of Louis XVI.; was his agent +when scaffolds were operated at the same time in the Place Louis XV. +and the Place du Trone, and eventually succeeded him. Sanson was +prepared to "accommodate" Theodore Calvi in May, 1830; he awaited the +condemning order, which was not issued. He had the appearance of a +rather distinguished Englishman. At least Sanson gave Jacques Collin +that impression, when he met the ex-convict, then confined at the +Conciergerie. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Sanson lived in the +rue des Marais (the district of the Faubourg Saint-Martin), which is a +much shorter street now than formerly. + +SARCUS was justice of the peace, in the reign of Louis XVIII., at +Soulanges (Bourgogne), where he lived on his fifteen hundred francs, +together with the rent of a house in which he lived, and three hundred +francs from the public funds. Sarcus married the elder sister of +Vermut, the druggist of Soulanges, by whom he had a daughter, Adeline, +afterwards Madame Adolphe Sibilet. This functionary of inferior order, +a handsome little old man with iron-gray hair, was none the less the +politician of the first order in the society of Soulanges, which was +completely under Madame Soudry's sway, and which counted almost all +Montcornet's enemies. [The Peasantry.] + +SARCUS, cousin in the third degree of the preceding; called Sarcus the +Rich; in 1817 a counselor at the prefecture of the department of +Bourgogne, which Monsieur de la Roche-Hugon and Monsieur de Casteran +governed successively under the Restoration, and which included as +dependencies Ville-aux-Fayes, Soulanges, Blangy, and Aigues. He +recommended Sibilet as steward for Aigues, which was Montcornet's +estate. Sarcus the Rich was a member of the Chamber of Deputies; he +was also said to be right-hand man to the prefect. [The Peasantry.] + +SARCUS (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Vallat, in 1778, of a +family connected with the Gaubertins, was supposed in her youth to +have favored Monsieur Lupin, who, in 1823, was still paying devoted +attentions to this woman of forty-five, the mother of an engineer. +[The Peasantry.] + +SARCUS, son of the preceding couple, became, in 1823, general engineer +of bridges and causeways of Ville-aux-Fayes, thus completing the group +of powerful native families hostile to the Montcornets. [The +Peasantry.] + +SARCUS-TAUPIN, a miller at Soulanges, who enjoyed an income of fifty +thousand francs; the Nucingen of his town; was father of a daughter +whose hand was sought by Lupin, the notary, and by President Gendrin +for their respective sons. [The Peasantry.] + +SARRASINE (Matthieu or Mathieu), a laborer in the neighborhood of +Saint-Die, father of a rich lawyer of Franche-Comte, and grandfather +of the sculptor, Ernest-Jean Sarrasine. [Sarrasine.] + +SARRASINE, a rich lawyer of Franche-Comte in the eighteenth century, +father of the sculptor, Ernest-Jean Sarrasine. [Sarrasine.] + +SARRASINE (Ernest-Jean), a famous French sculptor, son of the +preceding and grandson of Matthieu Sarrasine. When quite young he +showed a calling for art strong enough to combat the will of his +father, who wished him to adopt the legal profession; he went to +Paris, entered Bouchardon's studio, found a friend and protector in +this master; became acquainted with Madame Geoffrin, Sophie Arnould, +the Baron d'Holbach, and J.-J. Rousseau. Having become the lover of +Clotilde, the famous singer at the Opera, Sarrasine won the sculptor's +prize founded by Marigny, a brother of La Pompadour, and received +praise from Diderot. He then went to Rome to live (1758); became +intimate with Vien, Louthrebourg,[*] Allegrain, Vitagliani, Cicognara, +and Chigi. He then fell madly in love with the eunuch Zambinella, +uncle of the Lanty-Duvignons; believing him to be a woman, he made a +magnificent bust of the singular singer, who was kept by Cicognara, +and, having carried him off, was murdered at the instigation of his +rival in the same year, 1758. The story of Sarrasine's life was +related, during the Restoration, to Beatrix de Rochefide. [Sarrasine. +The Member for Arcis.] + +[*] Or Louthrebourg, and also Lauterbourg, intentionally left out in + the Repertory because of the various ways of spelling the name. + +SAUTELOUP, familiarly called "Father Sauteloup," had the task, in May, +1830, of reading to Theodore Calvi, who was condemned to death and a +prisoner in the Conciegerie, the denial of his petition for appeal. +[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +SAUVAGE (Madame), a person of repulsive appearance, and of doubtful +morality, the servant-mistress of Maitre Fraisier; on the death of +Pons, kept house for Schmucke, who inherited from Pons to the +prejudice of the Camusot de Marvilles. [Cousin Pons.] + +SAUVAGE, first deputy of the king's attorney at Alencon; a young +magistrate, married, harsh, stiff, ambitious, and selfish; took sides +against Victurnien d'Esgrignon in the notorious affair known as the +D'Esgrignon-Du-Bousquier case; after the famous lawsuit he was sent to +Corsica. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +SAUVAGNEST, successor of the attorney Bordin, and predecessor of +Maitre Desroches; was an attorney in Paris. [A Start in Life.] + +SAUVAIGNOU (of Marseilles), a head carpenter, had a hand in the sale +of the house on the Place de la Madeleine which was bought in 1840, by +the Thuilliers at the urgent instance of Cerizet, Claparon, Dutocq, +and especially Theodose de la Peyrade. [The Middle Classes.] + +SAUVIAT (Jerome-Baptiste), born in Auvergne, about 1747; a traveling +tradesman from 1792 to 1796; of commercial tastes, rough, energetic, +and avaricious; of a profoundly religious nature; was imprisoned +during the Terror; barely escaped being beheaded for abetting the +escape of a bishop; married Mademoiselle Champagnac at Limoges in +1797; had by her a daughter, Veronique (Madame Pierre Graslin); after +the death of his father-in-law, he bought, in the same town, the house +which he was occupying as tenant and where he sold old iron; he +continued his business there; retired from business in wealth, but +still, at a later period, went as superintendent into a porcelain +factory with J.-F. Tascheron; gave his attention to that work for at +least three years, and died then through an accident in 1827. [The +Country Parson.] + +SAUVIAT (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Champagnac, about 1767; +daughter of a coppersmith of Limoges, who became a widower in 1797, +and from whom she afterwards inherited. Madame Sauviat lived, in turn, +near the rue de la Vieille-Poste, a suburb of Limoges, and at +Montegnac. Like Sauviat, she was industrious, rough, grasping, +economical, and hard, but pious withal; and like him, too, she adored +Veronique, whose terrible secret she knew,--a sort of Marcellange +affair.[*] [The Country Parson.] + +[*] A famous criminal case of the time. + +SAVARON DE SAVARUS, a noble and wealthy family, whose various members +known in the eighteenth century were as follows: Savaron de Savarus +(of Tournai), a Fleming, true to Flemish traditions, with whom the +Claes and the Pierquins seem to have had transactions. [The Quest of +the Absolute.] Mademoiselle Savarus, a native of Brabant, a wealthy +unmarried heiress; Savarus (Albert), a French attorney, descended, but +not lineally, from the Comte de Savarus. [Albert Savarus.] + +SAVARUS (Albert Savaron de), of the family of the preceding list, but +natural son of the Comte de Savarus, was born about 1798; was +secretary to a minister of Charles X., and was also Master of +Requests. The Revolution of 1830 fatally interrupted a very promising +career; a deep love, which was reciprocated, for the Duchesse +d'Argaiolo (afterwards Madame Alphonse de Rhetore), restored to +Savarus his energetic and enterprising spirit; he succeeded in being +admitted to the bar of Besancon, built up a good practice, succeeded +brilliantly, founded the "Revue de l'Est," in which he published an +autobiographic novel, "L'Ambitieux par Amour," and met with warm +support in his candidacy for the Chamber of Deputies (1834). Albert +Savarus, with his mask of a deep thinker, might have seen all his +dreams realized, but for the romantic and jealous fancies of Rosalie +de Watteville, who discovered and undid the advocate's plans, by +bringing about the second marriage of Madame d'Argaiolo. His hopes +thus baffled, Albert Savarus became a friar of the parent institution +of the Carthusians, which was situated near Grenoble, and was known as +Brother Albert. [The Quest of the Absolute. Albert Savarus.] + +SCHERBELLOFF, Scherbelloff, or Sherbelloff (Princesse), maternal +grandmother of Madame de Montcornet. [The Peasantry. Jealousies of a +Country Town.] + +SCHILTZ married a Barnheim (of Baden), and had by her a daughter, +Josephine, afterwards Madame Fabien du Ronceret; was an "intrepid +officer, a chief among those bold Alsatian partisans who almost saved +the Emperor in the campaign of France." He died at Metz, despoiled and +ruined. [Beatrix.] + +SCHILTZ (Josephine), otherwise known as Madame Schontz. (See Ronceret, +Madame Fabien du.) + +SCHINNER (Mademoiselle), mother of Hippolyte Schinner, the painter, +and daughter of an Alsatian farmer; being seduced by a coarse but +wealthy man, she refused the money offered as compensation for +refusing to legitimize their liaison, and consoled herself in the joys +of maternity, the duties whereof she fulfilled with the most perfect +devotion. At the time of her son's marriage she was living in Paris, +and shared with him an apartment situated near the artist's studio, +and not far from the Madeleine, on the rue des Champs-Elysees. [The +Purse.] + +SCHINNER (Hippolyte), a painter, natural son of the preceding; of +Alsatian origin, and recognized by his mother only; a pupil of Gros, +in whose studio he formed a close intimacy with Joseph Bridau. [A +Bachelor's Establishment.] He was married during the reign of Louis +XVIII.; he was at that time a knight of the Legion of Honor, and was +already a celebrated character. While working in Paris, near the +Madeleine, in a house belonging to Molineux, he met the other +occupants, Madame and Mademoiselle Leseigneur de Rouville, and seems +to have imitated with respect to them the delicate conduct of their +benefactor and friend, Kergarouet; was touched by the cordiality +extended to him by the baroness in spite of his poverty; he loved +Adelaide de Rouville, and the passion being reciprocated, he married +her. [The Purse.] Being associated with Pierre Grassou, he gave him +excellent advice, which this indifferent artist was scarceley able to +profit by. [Pierre Grassou.] In 1822, the Comte de Serizy employed +Schinner to decorate the chateau of Presles; Joseph Bridau, who was +trying his hand, completed the master's work, and even, in a passing +fit of levity, appropriated his name. [A Start in Life.] Schinner was +mentioned in the autobiographical novel of Albert Savarus, +"L'Ambitieux par Amour." [Albert Savarus.] He was the friend of Xavier +Rabourdin. [The Government Clerks.] He drew vignettes for the works of +Canalis. [Modeste Mignon.] To him we owe the remarkable ceilings of +Adam Laginski's house situated on the rue de la Pepiniere. [The +Imaginary Mistress.] About 1845, Hippolyte Schinner lived not far from +the rue de Berlin, near Leon de Lora, to whom he had been first +instructor. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +SCHINNER (Madame), wife of Hippolyte Schinner, born Adelaide +Leseigneur de Rouville, daughter of the Baron and Baronne de Rouville, +her father being a naval officer; lived during the Restoration in +Paris with her mother, boarding at a house situated on the rue de +Surene and belonging to Molineux. Bereft of her father, the future +Madame Schinner would then have found it difficult to await the slow +adjustment of her father's pension, had not their old friend, Admiral +de Kergarouet, come in his unobtrusive way to the assistance of +herself and her mother. About the same time she nursed their neighbor, +Hippolyte Schinner, who was suffering from the effects of a fall, and +conceived for him a love that was returned; the gift of a little +embroidered purse on the part of the young woman brought about the +marriage. [The Purse.] + +SCHMUCKE (Wilhelm), a German Catholic, and a man of great musical +talent; open-hearted, absent-minded, kind, sincere, of simple manners, +of gentle and upright bearing. Originally he was precentor to the +Margrave of Anspach; he had known Hoffman, the eccentric writer of +Berlin, in whose memory he afterwards had a cat named Murr. Schmucke +then went to Paris; in 1835-36, he lived there in a small apartment on +the Quai Conti, at the corner of the rue de Nevers.[*] Previous to +this, in the Quartier du Marais, he gave lessons in harmony, that were +much appreciated, to the daughters of the Granvilles, afterwards +Mesdames de Vandenesse and du Tillet; at a later period the former +lady asked him to endorse some notes of hand for Raoul Nathan's +benefit. [A Daughter of Eve.] Schmucke was also instructor of Lydie +Peyrade before her marriage with Theodose de la Peyrade. [Scenes from +a Courtesan's Life]; but those whom he regarded as his favorite pupils +were Mesdames de Vandenesse and du Tillet, and the future Vicomtesse +de Portenduere, Mademoiselle Mirouet of Nemours, the three "Saint- +Cecilias" who combined to pay him an annuity. [Ursule Mirouet.] The +former precentor, now of ugly and aged appearance, readily obtained a +welcome with the principals of boarding-schools for young ladies. At a +distribution of prizes he was brought in contact with Sylvain Pons for +whom he immediately felt an affection that proved to be mutual (1834). +Their intimacy brought them under the same roof, rue de Normandie, as +tenants of C.-J. Pillerault (1836). Schmucke lived for nine years in +perfect happiness. Gaudissart, having become manager of a theatre, +employed him in his orchestra, entrusted him with the work of making +copies of the music, and employed him to play the piano and various +instruments that were not used in the boulevard theatres: the viol +d'amore, English horn, violoncello, harp, castanets, bells, saxhorns, +etc. Pons made him his residuary legatee (April, 1845); but the +innocent German was not strong enough to contend with Maitre Fraisier, +agent of the Camusot de Marvilles, who were ignored in this will. In +spite of Topinard, to whom, in despair at the death of his friend, he +went to demand hospitality, in the Bordin district, Schmucke allowed +himself to be swindled, and was soon carried off by apoplexy. [Cousin +Pons.] + +[*] Perhaps the former lodging place of Napoleon Bonaparte. + +SCHONTZ (Madame), name borne by Mademoiselle Schiltz, afterwards +Madame Fabien du Ronceret. (See this last name.) + +SCHWAB (Wilhelm), born at Strasbourg in the early part of the +nineteenth century, of the German family of Kehl, had Frederic (Fritz) +Brunner as his friend, whose follies he shared, whose poverty he +relieved, and with whom he went to Paris; there they went to the Hotel +du Rhin, rue du Mail, kept by Johann Graff, father of Emilie, and +brother of the famous tailor, Wolfgang Graff. Schwab kept books for +this rival of Humann and Staub. Several years later he played the +flute at the theatre at which Sylvain Pons directed the orchestra. +During an intermission at the first brilliant performance of "La +Fiancee du Diable," presented in the fall of 1844, Schwab invited Pons +through Schmucke to his approaching wedding; he married Mademoiselle +Emilie Graff--a love-match--and joined in business with Frederic +Brunner, who was a banker and enriched by the inheritance of his +father's property. [Cousin Pons.] + +SCHWAB (Madame Wilhelm), wife of the preceding; born Mademoiselle +Emilie Graff; an accomplished beauty, niece of Wolfgang Graff, the +wealthy tailor, who provided her with dowry. [Cousin Pons.] + +SCIO (Madame), a prominent singer of the Theatre Feydeau in 1798, was +very beautiful in "Les Peruviens," a comic opera by Mongenod, produced +with very indifferent success. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +SCOEVOLA (Mucius). Under this assumed name was concealed, during the +Terror, a man who had been huntsman to the Prince de Conti, to whom he +owed his fortune. A plasterer, and proprietor of a small house in +Paris, on about the highest point of the Faubourg Saint-Martin,[*] +near the rue d'Allemagne, he affected an exaggerated civism, which +masked an unfailing fidelity to the Bourbons, and he in some +mysterious way afforded protection to Sisters Marthe and Agathe +(Mesdemoiselles de Beauseant and de Langeais), nuns who had escaped +from the Abbey of Chelles, and were, with Abbe de Marolles, taking +refuge under his roof. [An Episode under the Terror.] + +[*] His parish was the Saint-Laurent church, which for a while during + the Revolution had the name of Temple of Fidelity. + +SECHARD (Jerome-Nicolas), born in 1743. After having been a workman in +a printer's shop of Angouleme situated on the Place du Murier, though +very illiterate, he became its owner at the beginning of the +Revolution; was acquainted at that time with the Marquis de Maucombe, +married a woman that was provided with a certain competency, but soon +lost her, after having by her a son, David. In the reign of Louis +XVIII., fearing the competition of Cointet, J.-N. Sechard retired from +active life, selling his business to his son, whom he intentionally +deceived in the trade, and moved to Marsac, near Angouleme, where he +raised grapes, and drank to excess. During all the latter part of his +life, Sechard mercilessly aggravated the commercial difficulties which +his son David was struggling against. The old miser died about 1829, +leaving property of some value. [Lost Illusions.] + +SECHARD (David), only son of the preceding, school-mate and friend of +Lucien de Rubempre, learned the art of printing from the Didots of +Paris. On one occasion, upon his return to his native soil, he gave +many evidences of his kindness and delicacy; having purchased his +father's printing shop, he allowed himself to be deliberately cheated +and duped by him; employed as proof-reader Lucien de Rubempre, whose +sister, Eve Chardon, he adored with a passion that was fully +reciprocated; he married her in spite of the poverty of both parties, +for his business was on the decline. The expense involved, the +competition of the Cointets, and especially his experiments as +inventor in the hope of finding the secret of a particular way of +making paper, reduced him to very straitened circumstances. Indeed, +everything combined to destroy Sechard; the cunning and power of the +Cointet house, the spying of the ungrateful Cerizet, formerly his +apprentice, the disorderly life of Lucien de Rubempre, and the jealous +greed of his father. A victim of the wiles of Cointet, Sechard +abandoned his discovery, resigned himself to his fate, inherited from +his father, and cheered by the devotion of the Kolbs, dwelt in Marsac, +where Derville, led by Corentin, hunted him out with a view to gaining +information as to the origin of Lucien de Rubempre's million. [Lost +Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a +Courtesan's Life.] + +SECHARD (Madame David), wife of the preceding, born Eve Chardon in +1804, daughter of a druggist of L'Houmeau (a suburb of Angouleme), and +a member of the house of Rubempre; worked first at the house of Madame +Prieur, a laundress, for the consideration of fifteen sous a day; +manifested great devotion to her brother Lucien, and on marrying David +Sechard, in 1821, transferred her devotion to him; having undertaken +to manage the printing shop, she competed with Cerizet, Cointet, and +Petit-Claud, and almost succeeded in softening Jerome-Nicolas Sechard. +Madame Sechard shared with her husband the inheritance of old J.-N. +Sechard, and was then the modest chatelaine of La Verberie, at Marsac. +By her husband she had at least one child, named Lucien. Madame +Sechard was tall and of dark complexion, with blue eyes. [Lost +Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a +Courtesan's Life.] + +SECHARD (Lucien), son of the preceding couple. [Lost Illusions.] + +SEGAUD, solicitor at Angouleme, was successor to Petit-Claud, a +magistrate about 1824. [Lost Illusions.] + +SELERIER, called the Auvergnat, Pere Ralleau, Le Rouleur, and +especially Fil-de Soie, belonged to the aristocracy of the galleys, +and was a member of the group of "Ten Thousand," whose chief was +Jacques Collin; the latter, however, suspected him of having sold him +to the police, about 1819, when Bibi-Lupin arrested him at the Vauquer +boarding-house. [Father Goriot.] In his business Selerier always +avoided bloodshed. He was of philosophical turn, very selfish, +incapable of love, and ignorant of the meaning of friendship. In May, +1830, when being a prisoner at the Conciergerie, and about to be +condemned to fifteen years of forced labor, he saw and recognized +Jacques Collin, the pseudo-Carlos Herrera, himself incriminated. +[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +SENONCHES (Jacques de), a noble of Angouleme, a great huntsman, stiff +and haughty, a sort of wild boar; lived on very good terms with his +wife's lover, Francois du Hautoy, and attended Madame de Bargeton's +receptions. [Lost Illusions.] + +SENONCHES (Madame Jacques de), wife of the preceding, bore the given +name of Zephirine, which was abbreviated to Zizine. By Francois du +Hautoy, her adored lover, she had a daughter, Francoise de la Haye, +who was presented as her ward, and who became Madame Petit-Claud. +[Lost Illusions.] + +SEPHERD (Carl), name assumed by Charles Grandet in the Indies, the +United States, Africa, etc., while he was in the slave-trading +business. [Eugenie Grandet.] + +SERIZY, or Serisy (Comte Hugret de), born in 1765, descended in direct +line from the famous President Hugret, ennobled under Francois I. The +motto of this family was "I, semper melius eris," so that the final +/s/ of /melius/, the word /eris/, and the /I/ of the beginning, +represented the name (Serizy) of the estate that had been made a +county. A son of a first president of Parliament (who died in 1794), +Serizy was himself, as early as 1787, a member of the Grand Council; +he did not emigrate during the Revolution, but remained in his estate +of Serizy, near Arpajon; became a member of the Council of Five +Hundred, and afterwards of the Council of State. The Empire made him a +count and a senator. Hugret de Serizy was married, in 1806, to +Leontine de Ronquerolles, the widow of General Gaubert. This union +made him the brother-in-law of the Marquis de Ronquerolles, and the +Marquis du Rouvre. Every honor was alloted to him in course; +chamberlain under the Empire, he afterwards became vice-president of +the Council of State, peer of France, Grand Cross of the Legion of +Honor, and member of the Privy Council. The glorious career of Serizy, +who was an unusually industrious person, did not offer compensation +for his domestic misfortunes. Hard work and protracted vigils soon +aged the high functionary, who was ever unable to win his wife's +heart; but he loved her and sheltered her none the less constantly. It +was chiefly to avenge her for the indiscretion of the volatile young +Oscar Husson, Moreau's godson, that he discharged the not overhonest +steward of Presles. [A Start in Life.] The system of government that +succeeded the Empire increased Serizy's influence and renown; he was +an intimate friend of the Bauvans and the Grandvilles. [A Bachelor's +Establishment. Honorine. Modeste Mignon.] His weakness in matters +concerning his wife was such that he assisted her in person, when, in +May, 1830, she hastened to the Conciergerie in the hope of saving her +lover, Lucien de Rubempre, and entered the cell where the young man +had just committed suicide. Serizy even consented to be executor of +the poet's will. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +SERIZY (Comtesse de), wife of the preceding, born Leontine de +Ronquerolles about 1784, sister of the Marquis du Ronquerolles; +married, as her first husband, General Gaubert, one of the most +illustrious soldiers of the Republic; married a second time, when +quite young, but could never entertain any feeling stronger than +respect for M. de Serizy, her second husband, by whom, however, she +had a son, an officer, who was killed during the reign of Louis +Philippe. [A Start in Life.] Worldly and brilliant, and a worthy rival +of Mesdames de Beauseant, de Langeais, de Maufrigneuse, de Carigliano, +and d'Espard, Leontine de Serizy had several lovers, among them being +Auguste de Maulincour, Victor d'Aiglemont and Lucien de Rubempre. [The +Thirteen. Ursule Mirouet. A Woman of Thirty.] This last liaison was a +very stormy one. Lucien acquired considerable influence over Madame de +Serizy, and made use of it to reach the Marquise d'Espard, by +effecting an annulment of the decree which she had obtained against +her husband, the Marquis d'Espard, placing him under guardianship. And +so it was that, during Rubempre's imprisonment and after his suicide, +she suffered the bitterest anguish. Leontine de Serizy almost broke +the bars of the Conciergerie, insulted Camusot, the examining +magistrate, and seemed to be beside herself. The intervention of +Jacques Collin saved her and cured her, when three famous physicians, +Messieurs Bianchon, Desplein, and Sinard declared themselves powerless +to relieve her. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] During the winter +the Comtesse de Serizy lived on the Chaussee-d'Antin; during the +summer at Serizy, her favorite residence, or still more at Presles, +and sometimes near Nemours in Le Rouvre, the seat of the family of +that name. Being a neighbor, in Paris, of Felicite des Touches, she +was a frequent visitor of that emulator of George Sand, and was at her +house when Marsay related the story of his first love-affair, taking +part herself in the conversation. [Another Study of Woman.] Being a +maternal aunt of Clementine du Rouvre, Madame de Serizy gave her a +handsome dowry when she married Laginski; with her brother +Ronquerolles, at his home on the rue de la Pepiniere, she met Thaddee +Paz, the Pole's comrade. [The Imaginary Mistress.] + +SERIZY (Vicomte de), only son of the preceding couple, graduated from +the Ecole Polytechnique in 1825, and entered the cavalry regiment of +the Garde Royale, by favor, as sub-lieutenant, under command of the +Duc de Maufrigneuse; at this time Oscar Husson, nephew of Cardot, +entered the same regiment as a private. [A Start in Life.] In October, +1829, Serizy, being an officer in the company of the guards stationed +at Havre, was instructed to inform M. de Verneuil, proprietor of some +well-stocked Norman "preserves," that Madame could not participate in +the chase that he had organized. Having become enamored of Diane de +Maufrigneuse, the viscount found her at Verneuil's house; she received +his attentions, as a means of avenging herself on Leontine de Serizy, +then mistress of Lucien de Rubempre. [Modeste Mignon.] Being advanced +to the rank of lieutenant-colonel of a cavalry regiment, he was +severely wounded at the disastrous battle of Macta, in Africa (June +26, 1835), and died at Toulon as a result of his wounds. [The +Imaginary Mistress. A Start in Life.] + +SERVAIS, the only good gilder in Paris, according to Elie Magus, whose +advice he heeded; he had the good sense to use English gold, which is +far better than the French. Like the book-binder, Thouvenin, he was in +love with his own work. [Cousin Pons.] + +SERVIEN (Prudence), born, in 1806, at Valenciennes, daughter of very +poor weavers, was employed, from the age of seven years, in a +spinning-mill; corrupted early by her life in the work-room, she was a +mother at the age of thirteen; having had to testify in the Court of +Assizes against Jean-Francois Durut, she made of him a formidable +enemy, and fell into the power of Jacques Collin, who promised to +shelter her from the resentment of the convict. She was at one time a +ballet-girl, and afterwards served as Esther van Gobseck's chamber- +maid, under the names of Eugenie and Europe; was the mistress of +Paccard, whom she very probably married afterwards; aided Vautrin in +fooling Nucingen and getting money from him. [Scenes from a +Courtesan's Life.] + +SERVIN, born about 1775, a distinguished painter, made a love-match +with the daughter of a penniless general; in 1815 was manager of a +studio in Paris, which was frequented by Mademoiselle Laure, and +Mesdemoiselles Mathilde-Melanie Roguin, Amelie Thirion and Ginevra di +Piombo, the last three of whom were afterwards, respectively, Mesdames +Tiphaine, Camusot de Marville, and Porta. Servin at that time was +concealing an exile who was sought by the police, namely Luigi Porta, +who married the master's favorite pupil, Mademoiselle Ginevra di +Piombo. [The Vendetta.] + +SERVIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, remembering that the romance +of Porta and Ginevra's love had been the cause of all his pupils' +leaving her husband's studio, refused to shelter Mademoiselle de +Piombo when driven from her father's home. [The Vendetta.] + +SEVERAC (De), born in 1764, a country gentleman, mayor of a village in +the canton of Angouleme, and the author of an article on silkworms, +was received at Madame de Bargeton's in 1821. A widower, without +children, and doubtless very rich, but not knowing the ways of the +world, one evening on the rue du Minage, he found as ready listeners +only the poor but aristocratic Madame du Brossard and her daughter +Camille, a young woman of twenty-seven years. [Lost Illusions.] + +SIBILET, clerk of the court at Ville-aux-Fayes (Bourgogne), distant +cousin of Francois Gaubertin, married a Mademoiselle Gaubertin-Vallat, +and had by that marriage six children. [The Peasantry.] + +SIBILET (Adolphe), eldest of the six children of the preceding, born +about 1793; was, at first, clerk to a notary, then an unimportant +employe in the land-registry office; and then, in the latter part of +the year 1817, succeeded his cousin, Francois Gaubertin, in the +administration of Aigues, General de Montcornet's estate, in +Bourgogne. Sibilet had married Mademoiselle Adeline Sarcus (of the +poor branch), who bore him two children in three years; his selfish +interest and his personal obligations led him to gratify the ill- +feeling of his predecessor, by being disloyal to Montcornet. [The +Peasantry.] + +SIBILET (Madame Adolphe), wife of the preceding, born Adeline Sarcus, +only daughter of a justice of the peace, rich with beauty as her sole +fortune, she was reared by her mother, in the little village of +Soulanges (Bourgogne), with all possible care. Not having been able to +marry Amaury Lupin (son of Lupin the notary), with whom she was in +love, in despair she allowed herself, three years after her mother's +death, to be married, by her father, to the disagreeable and repulsive +Adolphe Sibilet. [The Peasantry.] + +SIBILET, son of the court clerk, and police commissioner at Ville-aux +Fayes. [The Peasantry.] + +SIBILET (Mademoiselle), daughter of the court clerk, afterwards Madame +Herve. [The Peasantry.] + +SIBILET, son of the court clerk, first clerk of Maitre Corbinet, +notary at Ville-aux-Fayes, to whom he was the appointed successor. +[The Peasantry.] + +SIBILET, son of the court clerk, and clerk in the Department of Public +Lands, presumptive successor of the registrar of documents at Ville- +aux-Fayes. [The Peasantry.] + +SIBILET (Mademoiselle), daughter of the court clerk, born about 1807, +postmistress at Ville-aux Fayes; betrothed to Captain Corbinet, +brother of the notary. [The Peasantry.] + +SIBUELLE, a wealthy contractor of somewhat tarnished reputation during +the Directory and the Consulate, gave his daughter in marriage to +Malin de Gondreville, and through the credit of his son-in-law became, +with Marion, co-receiver-general of the department of Aube. [The +Gondreville Mystery.] + +SIBUELLE (Mademoiselle), only daughter of the preceding, became Madame +Malin de Gondreville. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +SEYES (Emmanuel-Joseph), born in 1748 at Frejus, died in Paris in +1836, was successively vicar-general of Chartres, deputy to the +States-General and the Convention, member of the Committee of Public +Safety, member of the Five Hundred, member of the Directory, consul, +and senator; famous also as a publicist. In June, 1800, he might have +been found in the Office of Foreign Relations, in the rue du Bac, +where he took part with Talleyrand and Fouche, in a secret council, in +which the subject of overthrowing Bonaparte, then First Consul, was +discussed. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +SIGNOL (Henriette), a beautiful girl; of a good family of farmers, in +the employ of Basine Clerget, a laundress at Angouleme; was the +mistress of Cerizet, whom she loved and trusted; served as a tool +against David Sechard, the printer. [Lost Illusions.] + +SIMEUSE (Admiral de), father of Jean de Simeuse, was one of the most +eminent French seamen of the eighteenth century. [Beatrix. The +Gondreville Mystery. Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +SIMEUSE (Marquis Jean de), whose name, "Cy meurs" or "Si meurs," was +the motto of the family crest, was descended from a noble family of +Bourgogne, who were formerly owners of a Lorrain fief called Ximeuse, +corrupted to Simeuse. M. de Simeuse counted a number of illustrious +men among his ancestors; he married Berthe de Cinq-Cygne; he was +father of twins, Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul. He was guillotined at +Troyes during the Terror; Michu's father-in-law presided over the +Revolutionary tribunal that passed the death-sentence. [The +Gondreville Mystery.] + +SIMEUSE (Marquise de), wife of the preceding, born Berthe de Cinq- +Cygne, was executed at Troyes at the same time with her husband. [The +Gondreville Mystery.] + +SIMEUSE (Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul), twin sons of the preceding +couple, born in 1773; grandsons on the father's side of the admiral +who was as famous for his dissipation as for his valor; descended from +the original owners of the famous Gondreville estate in Aube, and +belonged to the noble Champagne family of the Chargeboeufs, the +younger branch of which was represented by their mother, Berthe de +Cinq-Cygne. Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul were among the emigrants; they +returned to France about 1803. Both being in love with their cousin, +Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, an ardent Royalist, they cast lots to decide +which should be her husband; fate favored Marie-Paul, the younger, but +circumstances prevented the consummation of the marriage. The twins +differed only in disposition, and there in only one point: Paul-Marie +was melancholy, while Marie-Paul was of a bright disposition. Despite +the advice of their elderly relative, M. de Chargeboeuf, Messieurs de +Simeuse compromised themselves with the Hauteserres; being watched by +Fouche, who sent Peyrade and Corentin to keep an eye on them, they +were accused of the abduction of Malin, of which they were not guilty, +and sentenced to twenty-four years of penal servitude; were pardoned +by Napoleon, entered as sub-lieutenants the same cavalry regiment, and +were killed together in the battle of Sommo-Sierra (near Madrid, +November 30, 1808). [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +SIMONIN let carriages on the rue du Faubourg Saint-Honore, Cour des +Coches, Paris; about 1840, he let a berlin to Madame de Godollo, who, +in accordance with the instructions of Corentin, the police-agent, was +pretending to be taking a journey, but went no further than the Bois +de Boulogne. [The Middle Classes.] + +SIMONNIN, in the reign of Louis XVIII., was "errand-boy" to Maitre +Derville on the rue Vivienne, Paris, when that advocate received +Hyacinthe Chabert. [Colonel Chabert]. + +SINARD, a Paris physician, was called, in May, 1830, together with +Messieurs Desplein and Bianchon, to the bedside of Leontine de Serizy, +who had lost her reason after the tragic end of her lover, Lucien de +Rubempre. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +SINET (Seraphine), a celebrated lorette, born in 1820, known by the +sobriquet of Carabine, was present at Josepha Mirah's house-warming on +the rue de la Ville-l'Eveque, in 1838. Five years later, being then +mistress of the wealthy F. du Tillet, Mademoiselle Sinet supplanted +the vivacious Marguerite Turquet as queen of the lorettes. [Cousin +Betty.] A woman of splendid appearance, Seraphine was one of the +marching chorus at the Opera, and occupied the fine apartment on the +rue Saint-Georges, where before her Suzanne du Val-Noble, Esther van +Gobseck, Florine, and Madame Schontz had reigned. Of ready wit, +dashing manners, and impish brazenness, Carabine held many successful +receptions. Every day her table was set in magnificent style for ten +guests. Artists, men of letters, and society favorites were among her +frequent visitors. S.-P. Gazonal was taken to see her, in 1845, by +Leon de Lora and Bixiou, together with Jenny Cadine of the Theatre du +Gymnase; and there he met Massol, Claude Vignon, Maxime de Trailles, +Nucingen, F. du Bruel, Malaga, Monsieur and Madame Gaillard, and +Vauvinet, with a multitude of others, to say nothing of F. du Tillet. +[The Unconscious Humorists.] + +SINOT, attorney at Arcis-sur-Aube, commanded the patronage of the +"Henriquinquistes" (partisans of Henri V.) in 1839, when the district +had to elect a deputy to replace M. Francois Keller. [The Member for +Arcis.] + +SOCQUARD, during the Empire and the Restoration, kept the Cafe de la +Paix at Soulanges (Bourgogne). The Milo of Crotona of the Avonne +Valley, a stout little man, of placid countenance, and a high, clear +voice. He was manager of the Tivoli, a dancing-hall adjoining the +cafe. Monsieur Vermichel, violin, and Monsieur Fourchon, clarinet, +constituted the orchestra. Plissoud, Bonnebault, Viallet, and Amaury +Lupin were steady patrons of his establishment, which was long famous +for its billiards, its punch, and its mulled wine. In 1823, Socquard +lost his wife. [The Peasantry.] + +SOCQUARD (Madame Junie), wife of the preceding, had many thrilling +love-affairs during the Empire. She was very beautiful, and her +luxurious mode of living, to which the leading men of Soulanges +contributed, was notorious in the Avonne valley. Lupin, the notary, +had been guilty of great weakness in her direction, and Gaubertin, who +took her away from him, unquestionably had by her a natural son, +little Bournier. Junie was the secret of the prosperity of the +Socquard house. She brought her husband a vineyard, the house he lived +in, and the Tivoli. She died in the reign of Louis XVIII. [The +Peasantry.] + +SOCQUARD (Aglae), daughter of the preceding couple, born in 1801, +inherited her father's ridiculous obesity. Being sought in marriage by +Bonnebault, whom her father esteemed highly as a customer, but little +as a son-in-law, she excited the jealousy of Marie Tonsard, and was +always at daggers drawn with her. [The Peasantry.] + +SODERINI (Prince), father of Madame d'Argaiolo, who was afterwards the +Duchesse Alphonse de Rhetore; at Besancon, in 1834, he demanded of +Albert Savarus his daughter's letters and portrait. His sudden arrival +caused a hasty departure on the part of Savarus, then a candidate for +election to the Chamber of Deputies, and ignorant of Madame +d'Argaiolo's approaching second marriage. [Albert Savarus.] + +SOLIS (Abbe de), born about 1733, a Dominican, grand penitentiary of +Toledo, vicar-general of the Archbishopric of Malines; a venerable +priest, unassuming, kindly and large of person. He adopted Emmanuel de +Solis, his brother's son, and, retiring to Douai, under the acceptable +protection of the Casa-Reals, was confessor and adviser of their last +descendant, Madame Balthazar Claes. The Abbe de Solis died in +December, 1818. [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +SOLIS (Emmanuel), nephew and adopted son of the preceding. Poor, and +of a family originally from Granada, he responded well to the +excellent education that he received, followed the teacher's calling, +taught the humanities at the lyceum at Douai, of which he was +afterwards principal, and gave lessons to the brothers of Marguerite +Claes, whom he loved, the feeling being reciprocated. He married her +in 1825; the more fully to enjoy his good fortune, he resigned the +position as inspector of the University, which he then held. Shortly +afterwards he inherited the title of Comte de Nourho, through the +house of Solis. [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +SOLIS (Madame Emmanuel de), wife of the preceding, born Marguerite +Claes, in 1796, elder sister of Madame Felicie Pierquin, whose husband +had first sought her hand, received from her dying mother the +injunction to contend respectfully, but firmly, against her father's +foolish efforts as inventor; and, in compliance with her mother's +injunctions, by dint of great perseverance, succeeded in restoring the +family fortunes that had been more than endangered. Madame de Solis +gave birth to a child, in the course of a trip to Spain, where she was +visiting Casa-Real, the cradle of her mother's family. [The Quest of +the Absolute.] + +SOLONET, born in 1795, obtained the decoration of the Legion of Honor +for having made very active contribution to the second return of the +Bourbons; was the youthful and worldly notary of Bordeaux; in the +drawing up of the marriage contract between Natalie Evangelista and +Paul de Manerville, he triumphed over the objections raised by his +colleague, Mathias, who was defender of the Manerville interests. +Solonet paid the most devoted attentions of a lover to Madame +Evangelista, but his love was not returned, and he sought her hand in +vain. [A Marriage Settlement.] + +SOLVET, a handsome youth, but addicted to gaming and other vices, +loved by Caroline Crochard de Bellefeuille and preferred by her to +Monsieur de Granville, her generous protector. Solvet made +Mademoiselle Crochard very unhappy, ruined her, but was none the less +adored by her. These facts were known to Bianchon, and related by him +to the Comte de Granville, whom he met, one evening, in the reign of +Louis Philippe, near rue Gaillon. [A Second Home.] + +SOMMERVIEUX (Theodore de), a painter, winner of the prix de Rome, +knight of the Legion of Honor, was particularly successful in +interiors; and excelled in chiaro-oscuro effects, in imitation of the +Dutch. He made an excellent reproduction of the interior of the Cat +and Racket, on the rue Saint-Denis, which he exhibited at the Salon at +the same time with a fascinating portrait of his future wife, +Mademoiselle Guillaume, with whom he fell madly in love, and whom he +married in 1808, almost in spite of her parents, and thanks to the +kind offices of Madame Roguin, whom he knew in his society life. The +marriage was not a happy one; the daughter of the Guillaumes adored +Sommervieux without understanding him. The painter often neglected his +rooms on the rue des Trois-Freres (now a part of the rue Taitbout) and +transferred his homage to the Marechale de Carigliano. He had an +income of twelve thousand francs; before the Revolution his father was +called the Chevalier de Sommervieux. [At the Sign of the Cat and +Racket.] Theodore de Sommervieux designed a monstrance for Gohier, the +king's goldsmith; this monstrance was bought by Madame Baudoyer and +given to the church of Saint-Paul, at the time of the death of F. de +la Billardiere, head clerk of the administration, whose position she +desired for her husband. [The Government Clerks.] Sommervieux also +drew vignettes for the works of Canalis. [Modeste Mignon.] + +SOMMERVIEUX (Madame Theodore de), wife of the preceding, born +Augustine Guillaume, about 1792, second daughter of the Guillaumes of +the Cat and Racket (a drapery establishment on the rue Saint-Denis, +Paris), had a sad life that was soon wrecked; for, with the exception +of Madame Roguin, her family never understood her aspirations to a +higher ideal, or the feeling that prompted her to choose Theodore de +Sommervieux. Mademoiselle Guillaume was married about the middle of +the Empire, at her parish church, Saint-Leu, on the same day that her +sister was married to Lebas, the clerk, and immediately after the +ceremony referred to. A little less coarse in her feelings than her +parents and their associates, but insignificant enough at best, +without being aware of it she displeased the painter, and chilled the +enthusiasm of her husband's studio friends, Schinner, Bridau, Bixiou, +and Lora. Grassou, who was very much of a countryman, was the only one +that refrained from laughing at her. Worn out at last, she tried to +win back the heart that had become the possession of Madame de +Carigliano; she even went to consult her rival, but could not use the +weapons supplied her by the coquettish wife of the marshal, and died +of a broken heart shortly after the famous ball given by Cesar +Birotteau, to which she was invited. She was buried in Montmartre +cemetery. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket. Cesar Birotteau.] + +SONET, marble-worker and contractor for tombstones, at Paris, during +the Restoraton and Louis Philippe's reign. When Pons died, the marble- +worker sent his agent to Schmucke to solicit an order for statues of +Art and Friendship grouped together. Sonet had the draughtsman Vitelot +as partner. The firm name was Sonet & Co. [Cousin Pons.] + +SONET (Madame), wife of the preceding, knew how to lavish attentions +no less zealous than selfish on W. Schmucke, when he returned, broken- +hearted, from Pere-Lachaise, in April, 1845, and suggested to him, +with some modifications however, to take certain allegorical monuments +which the families of Marsay and Keller had formerly refused, +preferring to apply to a genuine artist, the sculptor Stidmann. +[Cousin Pons.] + +SOPHIE, rival, namesake and contemporary of the famous Sophie, Doctor +Veron's "blue ribbon," about 1844, was cook to the Comte Popinot on +the rue Basse-du-Rempart, Paris. She must have been a remarkable +culinary artist, for Sylvain Pons, reduced, in consequence of breaking +with the Camusots, to dining at home, on the rue de Normandie, every +day, often exclaimed in fits of melancholy, "O Sophie!" [Cousin Pons.] + +SORBIER, a Parisian notary, to whom Chesnel (Choisnel) wrote, in 1822, +from Normandie, to commend to his care the rattle-brained Victurnien +d'Esgrignon. Unfortunately Sorbier was dead, and the letter was sent +to his widow. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +SORBIER (Madame), wife of the preceding, mentioned in Chesnel's (or +Choisnel's) letter of 1822, concerning Victurnien d'Esgrignon. She +scarcely read the note, and simply sent it to her deceased husband's +successor, Maitre Cardot. Thus the widow unwittingly served M. du +Bousquier (du Croisier), the enemy of the D'Esgrignons. [Jealousies of +a Country Town.] + +SORIA (Don Ferdinand, Duc de), younger brother of Don Felipe de +Macumer, overwhelmed with kindness by his elder brother, owing him the +duchy of Soria as well as the hand of Marie Heredia, both being +voluntarily renounced by the elder brother. Soria was not ungrateful; +he hastened to his dying brother's bedside in 1829. The latter's death +made Don Ferdinand Baron de Macumer. [Letters of Two Brides.] + +SORIA (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, born Marie Heredia, +daughter of the wealthy Comte Heredia, was loved by two brothers, Don +Ferdinand, Duc de Soria, and Don Felipe de Macumer. Though betrothed +to the latter, she married the former, in accordance with her wishes, +the Baron de Macumer having generously renounced her hand in favor of +Don Ferdinand. The duchess retained a feeling of deep gratitude to him +for his unselfishness, and at a later time bestowed every care on him +in his last illness (1829). [Letters of Two Brides.] + +SORMANO, the "shy" servant of the Argaiolos, at the time of their +exile in Switzerland, figures, as a woman, under the name of Gina, in +the autobiographical novel of Albert Savarus, entitled "L'Ambitieux +par l'Amour." [Albert Savarus.] + +SOUCHET, a broker at Paris, whose failure ruined Guillaume Grandet, +brother of the well-known cooper of Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] + +SOUCHET (Francois), winner of the prix de Rome for his sculpture, +about the beginning of Louis XVIII.'s reign; an intimate friend of +Hippolyte Schinner, who confided to him his love for Adelaide +Leseigneur de Rouville, and was rallied on it by him. [The Purse.] +About 1835, with Steinbock's assistance, Souchet carved the panels +over the doors and mantels of Laginski's magnificent house on the rue +de la Pepiniere, Paris. [The Imaginary Mistress.] He had given to +Florine (afterwards Madame Raoul Nathan) a plaster cast of a group +representing an angel holding an aspersorium, which adorned the +actress's sumptuous apartments in 1834. [A Daughter of Eve.] + +SOUDRY, born in 1773, a quartermaster, secured a valuable friend in M. +de Soulanges, then adjutant-general, by saving him at the peril of his +own life. Having become brigadier of gendarmes at Soulanges +(Bourgogne), Soudry, in 1815, married Mademoiselle Cochet, Sophie +Laguerre's former lady's-maid. Six years later, he was put on the +retired list, at the request of Montcornet, and replaced in his +brigade by Viallet; but, supported by the influence of Francois +Gaubertin, he was elected mayor of Soulanges, and became the +formidable enemy of the Montcornets. Like Gregoire Rigou, his son's +father-in-law, the old gendarme kept as his mistress, under the same +roof with his wife, his servant Jeannette, who was younger than Madame +Soudry. [The Peasantry.] + +SOUDRY (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Cochet in 1763. Lady's- +maid to Sophie Laguerre, Montcornet's predecessor at Aigues, she had +an understanding with Francois Gaubertin, the steward of the estate, +to make a victim of the former opera singer. Twenty days after the +burial of her mistress, La Cochet married the brigadier, Soudry, a +superb specimen of manhood, though pitted with small-pox. During the +reign of Louis XVIII., Madame Soudry, who tried awkwardly enough to +imitate her late mistress, Sophie Laguerre, reigned supreme in the +society of Soulanges, in her parlor which was the meeting ground of +Montcornet's enemies. [The Peasantry.] + +SOUDRY, natural son of Soudry, the brigadier of gendarmes; legitimized +at the time of his father's marriage to Mademoiselle Cochet, in 1815. +On the day on which Soudry became legally possessed of a mother, he +had just finished his course at Paris. There he knew Gaubertin's son, +during a stay which he had at first intended to make long enough to +entitle him to be registered as an advocate, and eventually to enter +the legal profession; but he returned to Bourgogne to take charge of +an attorney's practice for which his father paid thirty thousand +francs. However, abandoning pettifoggery, Soudry soon found himself +deputy king's attorney in a department of Bourgogne, and, in 1817, +king's attorney under Attorney-General Bourlac, whom he replaced in +1821, thanks to the influence of Francois Gaubertin. He then married +Mademoiselle Rigou. [The Peasantry.] + +SOUDRY (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Arsene Rigou, the only +daughter of wealthy parents, Gregoire Rigou and Arsene Pichard; +resembled her father in cunningness of character, and her mother in +beauty. [The Peasantry.] + +SOULANGES (Comte Leon de), born in 1777, was colonel of the artillery +guard in 1809. In the month of November of that year, he found himself +the guest of the Malin de Gondrevilles, in their mansion in Paris, on +the evening of a great party; he met there Montcornet, a friend of his +in the regiment; Madame de Vaudremont, who had once been his mistress, +accompanied by the Martial de la Roche-Hugon, her new lover; and +finally his deserted wife, Madame de Soulanges, who had abandoned +society, but who had come to the senator's house at the instigation of +Madame de Lansac, with a view to a reconciliation, which was +successfully carried out. [Domestic Peace.] Leon de Soulanges had +several children as a result of his marriage; a son and some +daughters; having refused one of his daughters in marriage to +Montcornet, on the ground that she was too young, he made an enemy of +that general. The count, remaining faithful to the Bourbons during the +Hundred Days, was made a peer of France and a general in the artillery +corps. Enjoying the favor of the Duc d'Angouleme, he was allowed a +command during the Spanish war (1823), gained prominence at the seige +of Cadiz and attained the highest degrees in the military hierarchy. +Monsieur de Soulanges, who was very rich, owned, in the territory of +the commune of Blangy (Bourgogne), a forest and a chateau adjoining +the Aigues estate, which had itself once belonged to the house of +Soulanges. At the time of the Crusades, an ancestor of the count had +created this domain. Soulanges's motto was: "Je soule agir." Like M. +de Ronquerolles he got on badly enough with his neighbor Montcornet +and seemed to favor Francois Gaubertin, Gregoire Rigou and Soudry, in +their opposition to the future marshal. [The Peasantry.] + +SOULANGES (Comtesse Hortense de), wife of the preceding, and niece of +the Duchesses de Lansac and de Marigny. In November, 1809, at a ball +given by Malin de Gondreville, acting on the advice of Madame de +Lansac, the countess, then on bad terms with her husband, conquered +her proud timidity, and demanded of Martial de la Roche-Hugon a ring +that she had received originally from her husband; M. de Soulanges had +afterwards passed it on to his mistress, Madame de Vaudremont, who had +given it to her lover, M. de la Roche-Hugon; this restitution effected +the reconciliation of the couple. [Domestic Peace.] Hortense de +Soulanges inherited from Madame de Marigny (who died about 1820) the +Guebriant estate, with its encumbrance of an annuity. [The Thirteen.] +Madame de Soulanges followed her husband to Spain at the time of the +war of 1823. [The Peasantry.] + +SOULANGES (Amelie de), youngest daughter of the preceding couple, +would have married the Comte Philippe de Brambourg, in 1828, but for +the condemning revelations made by Bixiou concerning Joseph Bridau's +brother. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] + +SOULANGES (Vicomte de), probably a brother of the preceding, was, in +1836, commander of a squad of hussars at Fountainebleau; then, in +company with Maxime de Trailles, he was going to be second to Savinien +de Portenduere in a duel with Desire Minoret, but the duel was +prevented by the unforeseen death of the latter; the underlying cause +was the disgraceful conduct of the Minoret-Levraults towards Ursule +Mirouet, future Vicomtesse de Portenduere. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +SOULAS (Amedee-Sylvain-Jacques de), born in 1809, a gentleman of +Besancon, of Spanish origin (the name was written Souleyas, when +Franche-Comte belonged to Spain), succeeded in shining brightly in the +capital of Doubs on an income of four thousand francs, which allowed +him to employ the services of "Babylas, the tiger." Such discrepancy +between his means and his manner of living may well convey an idea of +this fellow's character, seeing that he sought in vain the hand of +Rosalie de Watteville, but married, in the month of August, 1837, +Madame de Watteville, her widowed mother. [Albert Savarus.] + +SOULAS (Madame Amedee de), born Clotilde-Louise de Rupt in 1798, stern +in features and in character, a blonde of the extreme type, was +married, in 1815, to the Baron de Watteville, whom she managed with +little difficulty. She did not find it so easy, however, to govern her +daughter, Rosalie, whom she vainly tried to force to marry M. de +Soulas. The pressure, at Besancon, of Albert Savarus, who was secretly +loved by Mademoiselle de Watteville, gave a political significance to +the salon of Rosalie's parents during the reign of Louis Philippe. +Tired of her daughter's obstinacy, Madame de Watteville, now a widow, +herself married M. de Soulas; she lived in Paris, in the winter at +least, and knew how to be mistress of her house there, as she always +had been elsewhere. [Albert Savarus.] + +SPARCHMANN, hospital surgeon at Heilsberg, attended Colonel Chabert +after the battle of Eylau. [Colonel Chabert.] + +SPENCER (Lord), about 1830, at Balthazar Claes's sale, bought some +magnificent wainscoting that had been carved by Van Huysum, as well as +the portrait of President Van Claes, a Fleming of the sixteenth +century,--family treasures which the father of Mesdames de Solis and +Pierquin was obliged to give up. [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +SPIEGHALTER, a German mechanician, who lived in Paris on the rue de la +Sante, in the early part of Louis Philippe's reign, made unsuccessful +efforts, with the aid of pressure, hammering and rolling, to stretch +the anomalous piece of shagreen submitted to him by Raphael de +Valentin, at the suggestion of Planchette, professor of mechanics. +[The Magic Skin.] + +SPONDE (Abbe de), born about 1746, was grand vicar of the bishopric of +Seez. Maternal uncle, guardian, guest, and boarder of Madame du +Bousquier--/nee/ Cormon--of Alencon; he died in 1819, almost blind, +and strangely depressed by his niece's recent marriage. Entirely +removed from worldly interests, he led an ascetic life, and an +uneventful one, entirely consumed in thoughts of salvation, +mortifications of the flesh, and secret works of charity. [Jealousies +of a Country Town.] + +STAEL-HOLSTEIN (Anne-Louise-Germaine Necker, Baronne de), daughter of +the famous Necker of Geneva, born in Paris in 1766; became the wife of +the Swiss minister to France; author of "l'Allemagne," of "Corinne," +and of "Delphine"; noted for her struggle against Napoleon Bonaparte; +mother-in-law of the Duc Victor de Broglie and grandmother of the +generation of the Broglies of the present day; died in the year 1817. +At various times she lived in the Vendomois in temporary exile. During +one of her first stays in the Loire, she was greeted with the singular +formula of admiration, "Fameuse garce!" [The Chouans.] At a later +period, Madame de Stael came upon Louis Lambert, then a ragged urchin, +absorbed in reading a translation of Swedenborg's "Heaven and Hell." +She was struck with him, and had him educated at the college of +Vendome, where he had the future minister, Jules Dufaure, as his boon +companion; but she forgot her protege, who was ruined rather than +benefited by this passing interest. [Louis Lambert.] About 1823 Louise +de Chaulieu (Madame Marie Gaston) believed that Madame de Stael was +still alive, though she died in 1817. [Letters of Two Brides.] + +STANHOPE (Lady Esther), niece of Pitt, met Lamartine in Syria, who +described her in his "Voyage en Orient"; had sent Lady Dudley an +Arabian horse, that the latter gave to Felix de Vandenesse in exchange +for a Rembrandt. [The Lily of the Valley.] Madame de Bargeton, growing +weary of Angouleme in the first years of the Restoration, was envious +of this "blue-stocking of the desert." Lady Esther's father, Earl +Charles Stanhope, Viscount Mahon, a peer of England, and a +distinguished scholar, invented a printing press, known to fame as the +Stanhope press, of which the miserly and mechanical Jerome-Nicholas +Sechard expressed a contemptuous opinion to his son. [Lost Illusions.] + +STAUB, a German, and a Parisian tailor of reputation; in 1821, made +for Lucien de Rubempre, presumably on credit, some garments that he +went in person to try on the poet at the Hotel du Gaillard-Bois, on +the rue de l'Echelle. Shortly afterwards, he again favored Lucien, who +was brought to his establishment by Coralie. [A Distinguished +Provincial at Paris.] + +STEIBELT, a famous musician, during the Empire was the instructor of +Felicite des Touches at Nantes. [Beatrix.] + +STEINBOCK (Count Wenceslas), born at Prelie (Livonia) in 1809; great- +nephew of one of Charles XII.'s generals. An exile from his youth, he +went to Paris to live, and, from inclination as much as on account of +his poverty, he became a carver and sculptor. As assistant to Francois +Souchet, a fellow-countryman of Laginski's, Wenceslas Steinbock worked +on the decorations of the Pole's mansion, on the rue de la Pepiniere. +[The Imaginary Mistress.] Living amid squalor on the rue du Doyenne, +he was saved from suicide by his spinster neighbor, Lisbeth Fischer, +who restored his courage and determination, and aided him with her +resources. Wenceslas Steinbock then worked and succeeded. A chance +that brought one of his works to the notice of the Hulot d'Ervys +brought him into connection with these people; he fell in love with +their daughter, and, the love being returned, he married her. Orders +then came in quick succession to Wenceslas, living, as he did, on the +rue Saint-Dominique-Saint-Germain, near the Esplanade des Invalides, +not far from the marble stores, where the government had allowed him a +studio. His services were secured for the work of a monument to be +erected to the Marechal de Montcornet. But Lisbeth Fischer's +vindictive hatred, as well as his own weakness of character, caused +him to fall beneath the fatal dominion of Valerie Marneffe, whose +lover he became; with Stidmann, Vignon, and Massol, he witnessed that +woman's second marriage. Steinbock returned to the conjugal domicile +on the rue Louis-le-Grand, towards the latter part of Louis Philippe's +reign. An exhausted artist, he confined himself to the barren role of +critic; idle reverie replaced power of conception. [Cousin Betty.] + +STEINBOCK (Countess Wenceslas), wife of the preceding; born Hortense +Hulot d'Ervy in 1817; daughter of Hector Hulot d'Ervy and Adeline +Fischer; younger sister of Victorin Hulot. Beautiful, and occupying a +brilliant position in society through her parents, but lacking dowry, +she made choice of husband for herself. Endowed with enduring pride of +spirit, Madame Steinbock could with difficulty excuse Wenceslas for +being unfaithful, and pardoned his disloyalty only after a long while. +Her trials ended with the last years of Louis Philippe's reign. The +wisdom and foresight of her brother Victorin, coupled with the results +of the wills of the Marechal Hulot, Lisbeth Fischer, and Valerie +Crevel, at last brought wealth to the countess's household, who lived +successively on the rue Saint-Dominique-Saint-Germain, the rue Plumet, +and the rue Louis-le-Grand. [Cousin Betty.] + +STEINBOCK (Wenceslas), only son of the preceding couple, born when his +parents were living together, stayed with his mother after their +separation. [Cousin Betty.] + +STEINGEL, an Alsatian, natural son of General Steingel, who fell at +the beginning of the Italian campaigns during the Republic; was, in +Bourgogne, about 1823, under head-keeper Michaud, one of the three +keepers of Montcornet's estates. [The Gondreville Mystery. The +Peasantry.] + +STEVENS (Miss Dinah), born in 1791, daughter of an English brewer, +ugly enough, saving, and puritanical, had an income of two hundred and +forty thousand francs and expectations of as much more at her father's +death; the Marquise de Vordac, who met her at some watering-place in +1827, spoke of her to her son Marsay, as a very fine match, and Marsay +pretended that he was to marry the heiress; which he probably did, for +he left a widow that erected to him, at Pere-Lachaise, a superb +monument, the work of Stidmann. [A Marriage Settlement. Cousin Pons.] + +STIDMANN, a celebrated carver and sculptor of Paris at the times of +the Restoration and Louis Philippe; Wenceslas Steinbock's teacher; he +carved, for the consideration of seven thousand francs, a +representation of a fox-chase on the ruby-set gold handle of a riding +whip that Ernest de la Briere gave to Modeste Mignon. [Modeste +Mignon.] At the request of Fabien de Ronceret, Stidmann undertook to +decorate an apartment for him on the rue Blanche [Beatrix.], he made +the originals of a chimney-piece for the Hulot d'Ervys; was among the +guests invited by Mademoiselle Brisetout at her little house-warming +on the rue Chauchat (1838); the same year he was present at the +celebration of Wenceslas Steinbock's marriage with Hortense Hulot; +knew Dorlange-Sallenauve; with Vignon, Steinbock and Massol, he was a +witness of Valerie Marneffe's second marriage to Celestin Crevel; +entertained a secret love for Madame Steinbock when she was neglected +by her husband [The Member for Arcis. Cousin Betty.]; executed the +work of Charles Keller's and Marsay's monuments. [Cousin Pons.] In +1845 Stidmann entered the Institute. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +STOPFER (Monsieur and Madame), formerly coopers at Neuchatel, in 1823; +were proprietors of an inn at Gersau (canton of Lucerne), near the +lake, to which Rodolphe came. The same village sheltered the +Gandolphinis, disguised under the name of Lovelace. [Albert Savarus.] + +SUCY (General Baron Philippe de), born in 1789, served under the +Empire; on one occasion, at the crossing of the Beresina, he tried to +assure the safety of his mistress, Stephanie de Vandieres, a general's +wife, of whom he afterwards lost all trace. Seven years later, +however, being a colonel and an officer in the Legion of Honor, while +hunting with his friend, the Marquis d'Albon, near the Isle-Adam, Sucy +found Madame de Vandieres insane, under the charge of the alienist +Fanjat, and he undertook to restore her reason. With this end in view, +he arranged an exact reproduction of the parting scenes of 1812, on an +estate of his at Saint-Germain. The mad-woman recognized him indeed, +but she died immediately. Having gained the promotion of general, Sucy +committed suicide, the prey of incurable despair. [Farewell.] + +SUZANNE, real given name of Madame Theodore Gaillard. + +SUZANNET was, with the Abbe Vernal, the Comte de Fontaine, and M. de +Chatillon, one of the four Vendean chiefs at the time of the uprising +in the West in 1799. [The Chouans.] + +SUZETTE, during the first years of Louis XVIII.'s reign, was lady's- +maid to Antoinette de Langeais, in Paris, about the time that the +duchess was receiving attentions from Montriveau. [The Thirteen.] + +SUZON was for a long time valet de chambre for Maxime de Trailles. [A +Man of Business. The Member for Arcis.] + +SYLVIE, cook for Madame Vauquer, the widow, on the rue Neuve-Saint- +Genevieve, during the years 1819 and 1820, at the time when Jean- +Joachim Goriot, Eugene de Rastignac, Jacques Collin, Horace Bianchon, +the Poirets, Madame Couture, and Victorine Taillefer boarded there. +[Father Goriot.] + + + +T + +TABAREAU, bailiff of the justice of the peace in the eighth ward of +Paris in 1844-1845. He was on good terms with Fraisier, the business +agent. Madame Cibot, door-keeper, on the rue de Normandie, retained +Tabareau to make a demand for her upon Schmucke for the payment of +three thousand one hundred and ninety-two francs, due her from the +German musician and Pons, for board, lodging, taxes, etc. [Cousin +Pons.] + +TABAREAU (Mademoiselle), only child of Tabareau, the bailiff; a large, +red-haired consumptive; was heir, through her mother, of a house on +the Place Royale; a fact which made her hand sought by Fraisier, the +business agent. [Cousin Pons.] + +TABOUREAU, formerly a day-laborer, and afterwards, during the +Restoration, a grain-dealer and money-lender in the commune of Isere, +of which Doctor Benassis was mayor. He was a thin man, very wrinkled, +bent almost double, with thin lips, and a hooked chin that almost made +connection with his nose, little gray eyes spotted with black, and as +sly as a horse-trader. [The Country Doctor.] + +TAILLEFER (Jean-Frederic), born about 1779 at Beauvais; by means of a +crime, in 1799, he laid the foundations of his fortune, which was +considerable. In an inn near Andernach, Rhenish Prussia, Jean-Frederic +Taillefer, then a surgeon in the army, killed and robbed, one night, a +rich native tradesman, Monsieur Walhenfer, by name; however, he was +never incommoded by this murder; for accusing appearances pointed to +his friend, colleague and fellow-countryman, Prosper Magnan, who was +executed. Returning to Paris, J.-F. Taillefer was from that time forth +a wealthy and honored personage. He was captain of the first company +of grenadiers of the National Guard, and an influencial banker; +received much attention during the funeral obsequies of J.-B. +d'Aldrigger; made successful speculations in Nucingen's third venture. +He was married twice, and was brutal in his treatment of his first +wife (a relative of Madame Couture) who bore him two children, +Frederic-Michel and Victorine. He was owner of a magnificent mansion +on the rue Joubert. In Louis Philippe's reign he entertained in this +mansion with one of the most brilliant affairs ever known, according +to the account of the guests present, among whom were Blondet, +Rastignac, Valentin, Cardot, Aquilina de la Garde, and Euphrasie. M. +Taillefer suffered, nevertheless, morally and physically; in the first +place because of the crime that he had previously committed, for +remorse for this deed came over him every fall, that being the time of +its perpetration; in the second place, because of gout in the head, +according to Doctor Brousson's diagnosis. Though well cared for by his +second wife, and by his daughter of the first wife, Jean-Frederic died +some time after a sumptuous feast given at his house. An evening +passed in the salon of a banker, father of Mademoiselle Fanny, +hastened Taillefer's end; for there he was obliged to listen to +Hermann's story about the unjust martyrdom of Magnan. The funeral +notice read as follows: "You are invited to be present at the funeral +services of M. Jean-Frederic Taillefer, of the firm Taillefer & +Company, formerly contractor for supplies, in his life-time Knight of +the Legion of Honor and of the Golden Spur, Captain of the National +Guard of Paris, died May 1st, at his mansion, rue Joubert. The +services will be conducted at --, etc. In behalf of----," etc. [The +Firm of Nucingen. Father Goriot. The Magic Skin. The Red Inn.] + +TAILLEFER (Madame), first wife of the preceding, and mother of +Frederic-Michel and Victorine Taillefer. As the result of the harsh +treatment by her husband, who unjustly suspected her of being +unfaithful, she died of a broken heart, presumably at quite an early +age. [Father Goriot.] + +TAILLEFER (Madame), second wife of Jean-Frederic Taillefer, who +married her as a speculation, but even then made her happy. She seemed +to be devoted to him. [The Red Inn.] + +TAILLEFER (Frederic-Michel), son of Jean-Frederic Taillefer by his +first wife, did not even try to protect his sister, Victorine, from +her father's unjust persecutions. Designated heir of the whole of his +father's great fortune, he was killed, in 1819, near Clignancourt, by +a dexterous and unerring stroke, in a duel with Colonel Franchessini, +the duel being instigated by Jacques Collin, in the interest of Eugene +de Rastignac, though the latter knew nothing of the matter. [Father +Goriot.] + +TAILLEFER (Victorine), sister of the preceding, and daughter of Jean- +Frederic Taillefer by his first wife; a distant cousin of Madame +Couture; her mother having died in 1819, she wrongfully passed in her +father's opinion for "the child of adulterous connections"; was turned +away from her father's house, and sought protection with her +kinswoman, Madame Couture, the widow of Couture the ordainer, on the +rue Neuve-Saint-Genevieve, in Madame Vauquer's boarding-house; there +she fell in love with Eugene de Rastignac; by the death of her brother +she became heir to all the property of her father, Jean-Frederic +Taillefer, whose death-bed she comforted in every way possible. +Victorine Taillefer probably remained single. [Father Goriot. The Red +Inn.] + +TALLEYRAND-PERIGORD (Charles-Maurice de), Prince de Benevent, Bishop +of Autun, ambassador and minister, born in Paris, in 1754, died in +1838, at his home on the rue Saint-Florentin.[*] Talleyrand gave +attention to the insurrectional stir that arose in Bretagne, under the +direction of the Marquis de Montauran, about 1799. [The Chouans.] The +following year (June, 1800), on the eve of the battle of Marengo, M. +de Talleyrand conferred with Malin de Gondreville, Fouche, Carnot, and +Sieyes, about the political situation. In 1804 he received M. de +Chargeboeuf, M. d'Hauteserre the elder, and the Abbe Goujet, who came +to urge him to have the names of Robert and Adrien d'Hauteserre and +Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul de Simeuse erased from the list of +emigrants; some time afterwards, when these latter were condemned, +despite their innocence, as guilty of the abduction and detention of +Senator Malin, he made every effort to secure their pardon, at the +earnest instance of Maitre Bordin, as well as the Marquis de +Chargeboeuf. At the hour of the execution of the Duc d'Enghien, which +he had perhaps advised, he was found with Madame de Luynes in time to +give her the news of it, at the exact moment of its happening. M. de +Talleyrand was very fond of Antoinette de Langeais. A frequent visitor +of the Chaulieus, he was even more intimate with their near relative, +the elderly Princesse de Vauremont, who made him executor of her will. +[The Gondreville Mystery. The Thirteen. Letters of Two Brides.] +Fritot, in selling his famous "Selim" shawl to Mistress Noswell, made +use of a cunning that certainly would not have deceived the +illustrious diplomat; one day, indeed, on noticing the hesitation of a +fashionable lady as between two bracelets, Talleyrand asked the +opinion of the clerk who was showing the jewelry, and advised the +purchase of the one rejected by the latter. [Gaudissart II.] + +[*] Alexander I., Czar of Russia, once stayed at this house, which is + now owned and occupied by the Baron Alphonse de Rothschild. + +TARLOWSKI, a Pole; colonel in the Imperial Guard; ordnance officer +under Napoleon Bonaparte; friend of Poniatowski; made a match between +his daughter and Bourlac. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +TASCHERON, a very upright farmer, in a small way, in the market town +of Montegnac, nine leagues distant from Limoges; left his village in +August, 1829, immediately after the execution of his son, Jean- +Francois. With his wife, parents, children and grandchildren, he +sailed for America, where he prospered and founded the town of +Tascheronville in the State of Ohio. [The Country Parson.] + +TASCHERON (Jean-Francois), one of the sons of the preceding, born +about 1805, a porcelain maker, working successively with Messieurs +Graslin and Philippart; at the end of Charles X.'s reign, he committed +a triple crime which, owing to his excellent character and +antecedents, seemed for a long time inexplicable. Jean-Francois +Tascheron fell in love with the wife of his first employer, Pierre +Graslin, and she reciprocated the passion; to prepare a way for them +to escape together, he went one night to the house of Pingret, a rich +and miserly husbandman in the Faubourg Saint-Etienne, robbed him of a +large sum of money, and, thinking to assure his safety, murdered the +old man and his servant, Jeanne Malassis. Being arrested, despite his +precautions, Jean-Francois Tascheron made especial effort not to +compromise Madame Graslin. Condemned to death, he refused to confess, +and was deaf to the prayers of Pascal, the chaplain, yielding +somewhat, however, to his other visitors, the Abbe Bonnet, his mother, +and his sister Denise; as a result of their influence he restored a +considerable portion of the hundred thousand francs stolen. He was +executed at Limoges, in August, 1829. He was the natural father of +Francois Graslin. [The Country Parson.] + +TASCHERON (Louis-Marie), a brother of the preceding; with Denise +Tascheron (afterwards Denise Gerard) he fulfilled a double mission: he +destroyed the traces of the crime of Jean-Francois, that might betray +Madame Graslin, and restored the rest of the stolen money to Pingret's +heirs, Monsieur and Madame de Vanneaulx. [The Country Parson.] + +TASCHERON (Denise), a sister of the preceding. (See Gerard, Madame +Gregoire.) + +TAUPIN, cure of Soulanges (Bourgogne), cousin of the Sarcus family and +Sarcus-Taupin, the miller. He was a man of ready wit, of happy +disposition, and on good terms with all his parishioners. [The +Peasantry.] + +TERNNICK (De), Duc de Casa-Real, which name see. + +TERRASSE AND DUCLOS, keepers of records at the Palais, in 1822; +consulted at that time with success by Godeschal. [A Start in Life.] + +THELUSSON, a banker, one of whose clerks was Lemprun before he entered +the Banque de France as messenger. [The Middle Classs.] + +THERESE, lady's-maid to Madame de Nucingen during the Restoration and +the reign of Louis Philippe. [Father Goriot. A Daughter of Eve.] + +THERESE, lady's-maid to Madame Xavier Rabourdin, on the rue Duphot, +Paris, in 1824. [The Government Clerks.] + +THERESE, lady's-maid to Madame de Rochefide in the latter part of +Charles X.'s reign, and during the reign of Louis Philippe. [Beatrix.] + +THERESE (Sister), the name under which Antoinette de Langeais died, +after she had taken the veil, and retired to the convent of bare- +footed Carmelites on an island belonging to Spain, probably the island +of Leon. [The Thirteen.] + +THIBON (Baron), chief of the Comptoir d'Escompte, in 1818, had been a +colleague of Cesar Birotteau, the perfumer. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +THIRION, usher to the closet of King Louis XVIII., was on terms of +intimacy with the Ragons, and was invited to Cesar Birotteau's famous +ball on December 17, 1818, together with his wife and his daughter +Amelie, one of Servin's pupils who married Camusot de Marville. [The +Vendetta. Cesar Birotteau.] The emoluments of his position, obtained +by the patronage that his zeal deservedly acquired, enabled him to lay +by a considerable sum, which the Camusot de Marvilles inherited. +[Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +THOMAS was owner of a large house in Bretagne, that Marie de Verneuil +(Madame Alphonse de Montauran) bought for Francine de Cottin, her +lady's maid, and a niece of Thomas. [The Chouans.] + +THOMAS (Madame) was a milliner in Paris towards the latter part of the +reign of Charles X.; it was to her establishment that Frederic de +Nucingen, after being driven to the famous pastry shop of Madame +Domas, an error arising from his Alsatian pronunciation, betook +himself in quest of a black satin cape, lined with pink, for Esther +van Gobseck. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +THOMIRE contributed to the material splendors of the famous +entertainment given by Frederic Taillefer, about 1831, at his mansion +on the rue Joubert, Paris. [The Magic Skin.] + +THOREC, an anagram of Hector, and one of the names successively +assumed by Baron Hector Hulot d'Ervy, after deserting his conjugal +roof. [Cousin Betty.] + +THOREIN, a carpenter, was employed in making changes in Cesar +Birotteau's apartments some days before the famous ball given by the +perfumer on December 17, 1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +THOUL, anagram of the word Hulot, and one of the names successively +assumed by Baron Hector Hulot d'Ervy, after his desertion of the +conjugal roof. [Cousin Betty.] + +THOUVENIN, famous in his work, but an unreliable tradesman, was +employed, in 1818, by Madame Anselme Popinot (then Mademoiselle +Birotteau) to rebind for her father, the perfumer, the works of +various authors. [Cesar Birotteau.] Thouvenin, as an artist, was in +love with his own works--like Servais, the favorite gilder of Elie +Magus. [Cousin Pons.] + +THUILLIER was first door-keeper of the minister of finance in the +second half of the eighteenth century; by furnishing meals to the +clerks he realized from his position a regular annual income of almost +four thousand francs; being married and the father of two children, +Marie-Jeanne-Brigitte and Louis-Jerome, he retired from active duties +about 1806, and, losing his wife in 1810, he himself died in 1814. He +was commonly called "Stout Father Thuillier." [The Government Clerks. +The Middle Classes.] + +THUILLIER (Marie-Jeanne-Brigitte), daughter of the preceding, born in +1787, of independent disposition and of obstinate will, chose the +single state to become, as it were, the ambitious mother of Louis- +Jerome, a brother younger than herself by four years. She began life +by making coin-bags at the Bank of France, then engaged in money- +lending; took every advantage of her debtors, among others Fleury, her +father's colleague at the Treasury. Being now rich, she met the +Lempruns and the Galards; took upon herself the management of the +small fortune of their heir, Celeste Lemprum, whom she had selected +specially to be the wife of her brother; after their marriage she +lived with her brother's family; was also one of Mademoiselle +Colleville's god-mothers. On the rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer, and on +the Place de la Madeleine, she showed herself many times to be the +friend of Theodose de la Peyrade, who vainly sought the hand of the +future Madame Phellion. [The Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] + +THUILLIER (Louis-Jerome), younger brother of the preceding, born in +1791. Thanks to his father's position, he entered the Department of +Finance as clerk at an early age. Louis-Jerome Thuillier, being +exempted from military service on account of weak eyes, married +Celeste Lemprun, Galard's wealthy granddaughter, about 1814. Ten years +later he had reached the advancement of reporting clerk, in Xavier +Rabourdin's office, Flamet de la Billardiere's division. His pleasing +exterior gave him a series of successes in love affairs, that was +continued after his marriage, but cut short by the Restoration, +bringing back, as it did, with peace, the gallants escaped from the +battlefield. Among his amorous conquests may be counted Madame Flavie +Colleville, wife of his intimate friend and colleague at the Treasury; +of their relations was born Celeste Colleville--Madame Felix Phellion. +Having been deputy-chief for two years (since January 5, 1828), he +left the Treasury at the outbreak of the Revolution of 1830. In him +the office lost an expert in equivocal jests. Having left the +department, Thuillier turned his energies in another direction. Marie- +Jeanne-Brigette, his elder sister, turning him to the intricacies of +real estate, made him leave their lodging-place on the rue +d'Argenteuil, to purchase a house on the rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer, +which had formerly belonged to President Lecamus and to Petitot, the +artist. Thuillier's conceit and vanity, now that he had become a well- +known and important citizen, were greatly flattered when Theodose de +la Peyrade hired apartments from him. M. Thuillier was manager of the +"Echo de la Bievre," signed a certain pamphlet on political economy, +was candidate for the Chamber of Deputies, purchased a second house, +in 1840, on the Place de la Madeleine, and was chosen to succeed J.-J. +Popinot as member of the General Council of the Seine. [The Government +Clerks. The Middle Classes.] + +THUILLIER (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Celeste Lemprun, in +1794; only daughter of the oldest messenger in the Bank of France, +and, on her mother's side, granddaughter od Galard, a well-to-do +truck-gardener of Auteuil; a transparent blonde, slender, sweet- +tempered, religious, and barren. In her married life, Madame Thuillier +was swayed beneath the despotism of her sister-in-law, Marie-Jeanne- +Brigitte, but derived some consolation from the affection of Celeste +Colleville, and, about 1841, contributed as far as her influence +permitted, to the marriage of this her god-daughter. [The Middle +Classes.] + +TIENNETTE, born in 1769, a Breton who wore her native costume, was, in +1829, the devoted servant of Madame de Portenduere the elder, on the +rue des Bourgeois (now Bezout), Nemours. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +TILLET (Ferdinand du), had legally a right only to the first part of +his name, which was given him on the morning of Saint-Ferdinand's day +by the curate of the church of Tillet, a town near Andelys (Eure). +Ferdinand was the son of an unknown great nobleman and a poor +countrywoman of Normandie, who was delivered of her son one night in +the curate's garden, and then drowned herself. The priest took in the +new born son of the betrayed mother and took care of him. His +protector being dead, Ferdinand resolved to make his own way in the +world, took the name of his village, was first commercial traveler, +and, in 1814, he became head clerk in Birotteau's perfumery +establishment on the rue Saint-Honore, Paris. While there he tried, +but without success, to win Constance Birotteau, his patron's wife, +and stole three thousand francs from the cash drawer. They discovered +the theft and forgave the offender, but in such a way that Du Tillet +himself was offended. He left the business and started a bank; being +the lover of Madame Roguin, the notary's wife, he became involved in +the business scheme known as "the lands of the Madeleine," the +original cause of Birotteau's failure and of his own fortune (1818). +Ferdinand du Tillet, now a lynx of almost equal prominence with +Nucingen, with whom he was on very intimate terms, being loved by +Mademoiselle Malvina d'Aldrigger, being looked up to by the Kellers +also, and being further the patron of Tiphaine, the Provins Royalist, +was able to crush Birotteau, and triumphed over him, even on December +17, 1818, the evening of the famous ball given by the perfumer; Jules +Desmarets, Benjamin de la Billiardiere, and he were the only perfect +types present of worldly propriety and distinction. [Cesar Birotteau. +The Firm of Nucingen. The Middle Classes. A Bachelor's Establishment. +Pierrette.] Once started, M. du Tillet seldom left the Chaussee +d'Antin, the financial quarter of Paris, during the Restoration and +the reign of Louis Philippe. It was there that he received Birotteau, +imploring aid, and gave him a letter of recommendation for Nucingen, +the result of which was quite different from what the unfortunate +merchant had anticipated. Indeed, it was agreed between the two +business men, if the i's in the letter in question were not dotted, to +give a negative answer; by this intentional omission, Du Tillet ruined +the unfortunate Birotteau. He had his bank on the rue Joubert when +Rodolphe Castanier, the dishonest cashier, robbed Nucingen. [Melmoth +Reconciled.] Ferdinand du Tillet was now a consequential personage, +when Lucien de Rubempre was making his start in Paris (1821). [A +Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] Ten years later he married his +last daughter to the Comte de Granville, a peer of France, and "one of +the most illustrious names of the French magistracy." He occupied one +of the elegant mansions on the rue Neuve-des-Mathurins, now rue des +Mathurins; for a long time he kept Madame Roguin as his mistress; was +often seen, in the Faubourg Saint-Honore, with the Marquise d'Espard, +being found there on the day that Diane de Cadignan was slandered in +the presence of Daniel d'Arthez, who was very much in love with her. +With Massol and Raoul Nathan he founded a prominent newspaper, which +he used for his financial interests. He did not hesitate to get rid of +Nathan, who was loaded down with debts; but he found Nathan before him +once more, however, as candidate for the Chamber of Deputies, to +succeed Nucingen, who had been made a peer of France; this time, also, +he triumphed over his rival, and was elected. [The Secrets of a +Princess. A Daughter of Eve.] M. du Tillet was no more sparing of +Maxime de Trailles, but harassed him pitilessly, when the count was +sent into Champagne as electoral agent of the government. [The Member +for Arcis.] He was present at the fete given by Josepha Mirah, by way +of a house-warming, in her mansion on the rue de la Ville-l'Eveque; +Celestin Crevel and Valerie Marneffe invited him to their wedding. +[Cousin Betty.] At the end of the monarchy of July, being a deputy, +with his seat in the Left Centre, Ferdinand du Tillet kept in the most +magnificent style Seraphine Sinet, the Opera girl, more familiarly +called Carabine. [The Unconscious Humorists.] There is a biography of +Ferdinand du Tillet, elaborated by the brilliant pen of Jules +Claretie, in "Le Temps" of September 5, 1884, under title of "Life in +Paris." + +TILLET (Madame Ferdinand du), wife of the preceding, born Marie- +Eugenie de Granville in 1814, one of the four children of the Comte +and Comtesse de Granville, and younger sister of Madame Felix de +Vandenesse; a blonde like her mother; in her marriage, which took +place in 1831, was a renewal of the griefs that had sobered the years +of her youth. Eugenie du Tillet's natural playfulness of spirit could +find vent only with her eldest sister, Angelique-Marie, and their +harmony teacher, W. Schmucke, in whose company the two sisters forgot +their father's neglect and the convent-like rigidness of a devotee's +home. Poor in the midst of wealth, deserted by her husband, and bent +beneath an inflexible yoke, Madame du Tillet could lend but too little +aid to her sister--then Madame de Vandenesse--in the trouble caused by +a passion she had conceived for Raoul Nathan. However, she supplied +her with two powerful allies--Delphine de Nucingen and W. Schmucke. As +a result of her marriage Madame du Tillet had two children. [A +Daughter of Eve.] + +TINTENIAC, known for his part in the Quiberon affair, had among his +confederates Jacques Horeau, who was executed in 1809 with the +Chauffeurs of Orne. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +TINTI (Clarina), born in Sicily about 1803; was maid in an inn, when +her glorious voice came under the notice of a great nobleman, her +fellow-countryman, the Duke Cataneo, who had her educated. At the age +of sixteen, she made her debut with brilliant success at several +Italian theatres. In 1820, she was "prima donna assoluta" of the +Fenice theatre, Venice. Being loved by Genovese, the famous tenor, +Tinti was usually engaged with him. Of a passionate nature, beautiful +and capricious, Clarina became enamored of Prince Emilio du Varese, at +that time the lover of the Duchesse Cataneo, and became, for a while, +the mistress of that descendant of the Memmis: the ruined palace of +Varese, which Cataneo hired for Tinti, was the scene of these +ephemeral relations. [Massimilla Doni.] In the winter of 1823-1824, at +the home of Prince Gandolphini, in Geneva, with Genovese, Princesse +Gandolphini, and an exiled Italian prince, she sang the famous +quartette, "Mi manca la voce." [Albert Savarus.] + +TIPHAINE, of Provins, brother of Madame Guenee-Galardon, rich in his +own right, and expecting something more by way of inheritance from his +father, adopted the legal profession; married a granddaughter of +Chevrel, a prominent banker of Paris; had children by his marriage; +presided over the court of his native town in the latter part of +Charles X.'s reign. At that time an ardent Royalist, and resting +secure under the patronage of the well-known financiers, Ferdinand du +Tillet and Frederic de Nucingen, M. Tiphaine contended against +Gouraud, Vinet, and Rogron, the local representatives of the Liberal +party, and for a considerable time upheld the cause of Mademoiselle +Pierrette Lorrain, their victim. Tiphaine, however, suited himself to +the circumstances, and came over to Louis Philippe, the +"revolutionist," under whose reign he became a member of the Chamber +of Deputies; he was "one of the most esteemed orators of the Centre"; +secured his appointment to the judgeship of the court of first +instance of the Seine, and still later he was made president of the +royal court. [Pierrette.] + +TIPHAINE (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Mathilde-Melanie +Roguin, in the early part of the nineteenth century; the only daughter +of a wealthy notary of Paris, noted for his fraudulent failure in +1819; on her mother's side, granddaughter of Chevrel, the banker, and +also distant cousin of the Guillaumes, and the families of Lebas and +Sommervieux. Before her marriage she was a frequent visitor at the +studio of Servin, the artist; she was there "the malicious oracle" of +the Liberal party, and, with Laure, took sides with Ginevra di Piombo +against Amelie Thirion, leader of the aristocratic group. [The +Vendetta.] Clever, pretty, coquettish, correct, and a real Parisian, +and protected by Madame Roguin's lover, Ferdinand du Tillet, Mathilde- +Melanie Tiphaine reigned supreme in Provins, in the midst of the +Guenee family, represented by Mesdames Galardon, Lessourd, Martener, +and Auffray; took in, or, rather, defended Pierrette Lorrain; and +overwhelmed the Rogron salon with her spirit of raillery. [Pierrette.] + +TISSOT (Pierre-Francois), born March 10, 1768, at Versailles, died +April 7, 1854; general secretary of the Maintenance Commission in +1793, successor to Jacques Delille in the chair of Latin poetry in the +College de France; a member of the Academy in 1833, and the author of +many literary and historical works; under the Restoration he was +managing editor of the "Pilote," a radical sheet that published a +special edition of the daily news for the provinces, a few hours after +the morning papers. Horace Bianchon, the house-surgeon, there learned +of the death of Frederic-Michel Taillefer, who had been killed in a +duel with Franchessini. [Father Goriot.] In the reign of Louis +Philippe, when Charles-Edouard Rusticoli de la Palferine's burning +activity vainly sought an upward turn, Tissot, from the professor's +chair, pleaded the cause of the rights and aspirations of youth that +had been ignored and despised by the power surrendered into the hands +of superannuated mossbacks. [A Prince of Bohemia.] + +TITO, a young and handsome Italian, in 1823, brought "la liberta e +denaro" to the Prince and Princess Gandolphini, who were at that time +impoverished outlaws, living in concealment at Gersau (canton of +Lucerne) under the English name of Lovelace--"L'Ambitieux par Amour." +[Albert Savarus.] + +TOBY, born in Ireland about 1807; also called Joby, and Paddy; during +the Restoration, Beaudenord's "tiger" on the Quai Malaquais, Paris; a +wonder of precocity in vice; acquired a sort of celebrity in exercise +of his duties, a celebrity that was even reflected on Madame +d'Aldrigger's future son-in-law. [The Firm of Nucingen.] During Louis +Philippe's reign, Toby was a servant in the household of the Duc +Georges de Maufrigneuse on the rue Miromesnil. [The Secrets of a +Princess.] + +TONNELET (Matire), a notary, and son-in-law of M. Gravier of Isere, +whose intimate friend was Benassis, and who was one of the co-workers +of that beneficent physician. Tonnelet was thin and pale, and of +medium height; he generally dressed in black, and wore spectacles. +[The Country Doctor.] + +TONSARD (Mere), a peasant woman of Bourgogne, born in 1745, was one of +the most formidable enemies of Montcornet, the owner of Aigues, and of +his head-keeper, Justine Michaud. She had killed the keeper's favorite +hound and she encroached upon the forest trees, so as to kill them and +take the dead wood off. A reward of a thousand francs having been +offered to the person who should discover the perpetrator of these +wrongs, Mere Tonsard had herself denounced by her granddaughter, Marie +Tonsard, in order to secure this sum of money to her family, and she +was sentenced to five years' imprisonment, though she probably did not +serve her term. Mere Bonnebault committed the same offences as Mere +Tonsard; they had a quarrel, each wishing to profit by the advantages +of a denunciation, and had ended by referring the matter to the +casting of lots, which resulted in favor of Mere Tonsard. [The +Peasantry.] + +TONSARD (Francois), son of the preceding, born about 1773, was a +country laborer, skilled more or less in everything; he possessed a +hereditary talent, attested, moreover, by his name, for trimming +trees, and various kinds of hedges. Lazy and crafty, Francois Tonsard +secured from Sophie Laguerre, Montcornet's predecessor at Aigues, an +acre of land, on which he built, in 1795, the wine-shop known as the +Grand-I-Vert. He was saved from conscription by Francois Gaubertin, at +that time steward of Aigues, at the urgent request of Mademoiselle +Cochet, their common mistress. Being then married to Philippine +Fourchon, and Gaubertin having become his wife's lover, he could poach +with freedom, and so it was that the Tonsard family made regular +levies on the Aigues forest with impunity: they supplied themselves +entirely from the wood of the forest, kept two cows at the expense of +the landlord, and were represented at the harvest by seven gleaners. +Being incommoded by the active watch kept over them by Justine +Michaud, Gaubertin's successor, Tonsard killed him, one night in 1823. +Afterwards in the dismemberment of Montcornet's estate, Tonsard got +his share of the spoils. [The Peasantry.] + +TONSARD (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Philippe Fourchon; +daughter of the Fourchon who was the natural grandfather of Mouche; +large, and of a good figure, with a sort of rustic beauty; lax in +morals; extravagant in her tastes, none the less she assured the +prosperity of the Grand-I-Vert, by reason of her talent as a cook, and +her free coquetry. By her marriage she had four children, two sons and +two daughters. [The Peasantry.] + +TONSARD (Jean-Louis), born about 1801, son of the preceding, and +perhaps also of Francois Gaubertin, to whom Philippe Tonsard was +mistress. Exempted from military service in 1821 on account of a +pretended disorder in the muscles of his right arm, Jean-Louis Tonsard +posed under the protection of Soudry, Rogou and Gaubertin, in a +circumspect way, as the enemy of the Montcornets and Michaud. He was a +lover of Annette, Rigou's servant girl. [The Peasantry.] + +TONSARD (Nicolas), younger brother of the preceding, and the male +counterpart of his sister Catherine; brutally persecuted, with his +sister's connivance, Niseron's granddaughter, Genevieve, called La +Pechina, whom he tried to outrage. [The Peasantry.] + +TONSARD (Catherine). (See Godain, Madame.) + +TONSARD (Marie), sister of the preceding; a blonde; had the loose and +uncivilized morals of her family. While mistress of Bonnebault, she +proved herself, on one occasion at the Cafe de la Paix of Soulanges, +to be fiercely jealous of Aglae Socquard, whom he wished to marry. +[The Peasantry.] + +TONSARD (Reine), without any known relationship to all of the +preceding, was, in spite of being very ugly, the mistress of the son +of the Oliviers, porters to Valerie Marneffe-Crevel; and she remained +for a long time the confidential lady's-maid of that married +courtesan; but, being brought over by Jacques Collin, she eventually +betrayed and ruined the Crevel family. [Cousin Betty.] + +TONY, coachman to Louis de l'Estorade, about 1840. [The Member for +Arcis.] + +TOPINARD, born about 1805; officer in charge of the property of the +theatre managed by Felix Gaudissart; in charge also of the lamps and +fixtures; and, lastly, he had the task of placing the copies of the +music on the musicians' stands. He went every day to the rue Normandie +to get news of Sylvain Pons, who was suffering from a fatal attack of +hepatitis; in the latter part of April, 1845, he was, with Fraisier, +Villemot and Sonet's agent, one of the pall-bearers at the funeral of +the cousin of the Camusot de Marvilles. On leaving the Pere-Lachaise, +Topinard, who was living in the Cite Bordin, was moved to compassion +for Schmucke, brought him home, and finally received him under his +roof. Topinard then secured the position of cashier with Gaudissart, +but he almost lost his position for trying to defend the interests of +Schmucke, of whom the heirs-at-law of Pons had undertaken to rid +themselves. Even under these circumstances Topinard aided Schmucke in +his distress; he alone followed the German's body to the cemetery, and +took pains to have him buried beside Sylvain Pons. [Cousin Pons.] + +TOPINARD (Madame Rosalie), wife of the preceding, born about 1815, +called Lolotte; she was a member of the choir under the direction of +Felix Gaudissart's predecessor, whose mistress she was. A victim of +her lover's failure, she became box-opener of the first tier, and also +quite a dealer in costumes during the following administration (1834- +1845). She had first lived as Topinard's mistress, but he afterwards +married her; she had three children by him. She took part in the +funeral mass of Pons; when Schmucke was taken in by her husband in the +Cite Bordin, she nursed the musician in his last illness. [Cousin +Pons.] + +TOPINARD, eldest son of the preceding couple, was a supernumerary in +Gaudissart's company. [Cousin Pons.] + +TOPINARD (Olga), sister of the preceding; a blonde of the German type; +when quite young, she won the warmest affection of Schmucke, who was +making his home with the employes of Gaudissart's theatre. [Cousin +Pons.] + +TORLONIA (Duc), a name mentioned, in December, 1829, by the Baron +Frederic de Nucingen, as that of one of his friends, and pronounced by +him "Dorlonia." The duke had ordered a magnificent carpet, the price +of which he considered exorbitant, but the baron bought it for Esther +van Gobseck's "leedle balace" on the rue Saint-Georges. The Duc +Torlonia belonged to the famous family of Rome, that was so hospitable +to strangers, and was of French origin. The original name was +Tourlogne. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +TORPILLE (La), sobriquet of Esther van Gobseck. + +TOUCHARD, father and son, ran a line of stages, during the +Restoration, to Beaumont-sur-Oise. [A Start in Life.] + +TOUCHES (Mademoiselle Felicite des), born at Guerande in 1791; related +to the Grandlieus; not connected with the Touches family of Touraine, +to which the regent's ambassador, more famous as a comic poet, +belonged; became an orphan in 1793; her father, a major in the Gardes +de la Porte, was killed on the steps of the Tuileries August 10, 1792, +and her only brother, a younger member of the guard, was massacred at +the Carmelite convent; lastly, her mother died of a broken heart a few +days after this last catastrophe. Entrusted then to the care of her +maternal aunt, Mademoiselle de Faucombe, a nun of Chelles,[*] she was +taken by her to Faucombe, a considerable estate situated near Nantes, +and soon afterwards she was put in prison along with her aunt on the +charge of being an emissary of Pitt and Cobourg. The 9th Thermidor +found them released; but Mademoiselle de Faucombe died of fright, and +Felicite was sent to M. de Faucombe, an archaeologist of Nantes, being +her maternal great-uncle and her nearest relative. She grew up by +herself, "a tom-boy"; she had at her command an enormous library, +which allowed her to acquire, at a very early age, a great mass of +information. The literary spirit being developed in her, Mademoiselle +des Touches began by assisting her aged uncle; wrote three articles +that he believed were his own work, and, in 1822, made her beginning +in literature with two volumes of dramatic works, after the fashion of +Lope de Vega and Shakespeare, which produced a sort of artistic +revolution. She then assumed as a permanent appellation, the pseudonym +of Camille Maupin, and led a bright and independent life. Her income +of eighty thousand livres, her castle of Les Touches, near Guerande-- +Loire-Inferieure--her Parisian mansion on the rue de Mont-Blanc--now +rue de la Chaussee-d'Antin,--her birth, and her connections, had their +power of influence. Her irregularities were covered as with a veil, in +consideration of her genius. Indeed, Mademoiselle des Touches had more +than one lover: a gallant about 1817; then an original mind, a +sceptic, the real creator of Camille Maupin; and next Gennaro Conti, +whom she knew in Rome, and Claude Vignon, a critic of reputation. +[Beatrix. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] +Felicite was a patron of Joseph Bridau, the romantic painter, who was +despised by the bourgeois [A Bachelor's Establishment.]; she felt a +liking for Lucien de Rubempre, whom, indeed, she came near marrying; +though this circumstance did not prevent her from aiding the poet's +mistress, Coralie, the actress; for, at the time of their amours, +Felicite des Touches was in high favor at the Gymnase. She was the +anonymous collaborator of a comedy into which Leontine Volnys--the +little Fay of that time--was introduced; she had intended to write +another vaudeville play, in which Coralie was to have made the +principal role. When the young actress took to her bed and died, which +occurred under the Poirson-Cerfberr[+] management, Felicite paid the +expenses of her burial, and was present at the funeral services, which +were conducted at Notre-Dame de Bonne-Nouvelle. She gave dinner- +parties on Wednesdays; Levasseur, Conti, Mesdames Pasta, Conti, Fodor, +De Bargeton, and d'Espard, attended her receptions. [A Distinguished +Provincial at Paris.] Although a Legitimist, like the Marquise +d'Espard, Felicite, after the Revolution of July, kept her salon open, +where were frequently assembled her neighbor Leontine de Serizy, Lord +Dudley and Lady Barimore, the Nucingens, Joseph Bridau, Mesdames de +Cadignan and de Montcornet, the Comtesse de Vandenesse, Daniel +d'Arthez, and Madame Rochegude, otherwise known as Rochefide. Canalis, +Rastignac, Laginski, Montriveau, Bianchon, Marsay, and Blondet rivaled +each other in telling piquant stories and passing caustic remarks +under her roof. [Another Study of Woman.] Furthermore, Mademoiselle +des Touches shortly afterwards gave advice to Marie de Vandenesse and +condemned free love. [A Daughter of Eve.] In 1836, while traveling +through Italy, which she was showing to Claude Vignon and Leon de +Lora, the landscape painter, she was present at an entertainment given +by Maurice de l'Hostal, the French consul at Genoa; on this occasion +he gave an account of the ups and downs of the Bauvan family. +[Honorine.] In 1837, after having appointed as her residuary legatee +Calyste du Guenic, whom she adored, but to whom she refused to give +herself over, Felicite des Touches retired to a convent in Nantes of +the order of Saint-Francois. Among the works left by this second +George Sand, we may mention "Le Nouveau Promethee," a bold attempt, +standing alone among her works, and a short autobiographical romance, +in which she described her betrayed passion for Conti, an admirable +work, which was regarded as the counterpart of Benjamin Constant's +"Adolphe." [Beatrix. The Muse of the Department.] + +[*] It was perhaps at Chelles that Mademoiselle de Faucombe became + acquainted with Mesdemoiselles de Beauseant and de Langeais. + +[+] Delestre-Poirson, the vaudeville man, together with A. Cerfberr + established the Gymnase-Dramatique, December 20, 1820; with the + Cerfberr Brothers, Delestre-Poirson continued the management of it + until 1844. + +TOUPILLIER, born about 1750; of a wretchedly poor family consisting of +three sisters and five brothers, one of whom was father of Madame +Cardinal. From drum-major in the Gardes-Francaise, Toupillier became +beadle in the church of Saint-Sulpice, Paris; then dispenser of holy +water, having been an artist's model in the meantime. Toupillier, at +the beginning of the Restoration, suspected either of being a +Bonapartist, or of being unfit for his position, was discharged from +the service of the church, and had only the right to stand at the +threshold as a privileged beggar; however, he profited greatly by his +new position, for he knew how to arouse the compassionate feelings of +the faithful in every possible way, chiefly by passing as a +centenarian. Having been entrusted with the diamonds that Charles +Crochard had stolen from Mademoiselle Beaumesnil and which the young +thief wished to get off his hands for the time being, Toupillier +denied having received them and remained possessor of the stolen +jewels. But Corentin, the famous police-agent, followed the pauper of +Saint-Sulpice to the rue du Coeur-Volant, and surprised that new +Cardillac engrossed in the contemplation of the diamonds. He, however, +left them in his custody, on condition of his leaving by will all his +property to Lydie Peyrade, Corentin's ward and Mademoiselle +Beaumesnil's daughter. Corentin further required Toupillier to live in +his house and under his surveillance on the rue Honore-Chevalier. At +that time Toupillier had an income of eighteen hundred francs; he +might be seen, at the church, munching wretched crusts; but, the +church once closed, he went to dine at the Lathuile restaurant, +situated on the Barriere de Clichy, and at night he got drunk on the +excellent Rousillon wines. Notwithstanding an attack made by Madame +Cardinal and Cerizet on the closet containing the diamonds, when the +pauper of Saint-Sulpice died in 1840, Lydie Peyrade, now Madame +Theodose de la Peyrade, inherited all that Toupillier possessed. [The +Middle Classes.] + +TOUPINET, a Parisian mechanic, at the time of the Restoration, being +married and father of a family, he stole his wife's savings, the fruit +of arduous labor; he was imprisoned, about 1828, probably for debts. +[The Commission in Lunacy.] + +TOUPINET (Madame), wife of the preceding; known under the name +Pomponne; kept a fruit-stand; lived, in 1828, on the rue du Petit- +Banquier, Paris; unhappy in her married life; obtained from the +charitable J.-J. Popinot, under the name of a loan, ten francs for +purchasing stock. [The Commission in Lunacy.] + +TOURNAN, a hatter of the rue Saint-Martin, Paris; among his customers +was young Poiret, who, on July 3, 1823, brought him his head-covering, +all greased, as a result of J.-J. Bixiou's practical joking. [The +Government Clerks.] + +TOURS-MINIERES (Bernard-Polydor Bryond, Baron des), a gentleman of +Alencon; born about 1772; in 1793, was one of the most active +emissaries of the Comte de Lille (Louis XVIII.), in his conspiracy +against the Republic. Having received the King's thanks, he retired to +his estate in the department of Orne, which had long been burdened +with mortgages; and, in 1807, he married Henriette Le Chantre de la +Chanterie, with the concurrence of the Royalists, whose "pet" he was. +He pretended to take part in the reactionary revolutionary movement of +the West in 1809, implicated his wife in the matter, compromised her, +ruined her, and then disappeared. Returning in secrecy to his country, +under the assumed name of Lemarchand, he aided the authorities in +getting at the bottom of the plot, and then went to Paris, where he +became the celebrated police-agent Contenson. [The Seamy Side of +History.] He knew Peyrade, and received from Lenoir's old pupil the +significant sobriquet of "Philosopher." Being agent for Fouche during +the period of the Empire, he abandoned himself in the most sensual way +to his passions, and lived a life of irregularity and vice. During the +time of the Restoration Louchard had him employed by Nucingen at the +time of the latter's amours with Esther van Gobseck. In the service of +this noted banker, Contenson (with Peyrade and Corentin) tried to +protect him from the snares of Jacques Collin, and followed the +pseudo-Carlos Herrera to his place of refuge on a house-top; but being +hurled from the roof by his intended victim, he was instantly killed +during the winter of 1829-1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +TOURS-MINIERES (Baronne Bryond des), wife of the preceding; born +Henriette Le Chantre de la Chanterie, in 1789; only daughter of +Monsieur and Madame Le Chantre de la Chanterie; was married after her +father's death. Through the machinations of Tours-Minieres she was +brought into contact with Charles-Amedee-Louis-Joseph Rifoel, +Chevalier du Vissard, became his mistress, and took the field for him +in the Royalist cause, in the department of Orne, in 1809. Betrayed by +her husband, she was executed in 1810, in accordance with a death- +sentence of the court presided over by Mergi, Bourlac being attorney- +general. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +TRAILLES (Comte Maxime de), born in 1791, belonged to a family that +was descended from an attendant to Louis XI., and raised to the +nobility by Francois I. This perfect example of the Parisian +/condottieri/ made his beginning in the early part of the nineteenth +century as a page to Napoleon. Being loved, in turn, by Sarah Gobseck +and Anastasie de Restaud, Maxime de Trailles, himself already ruined, +ruined both of these; gaming was his master passion, and his caprices +knew no bounds. [Cesar Birotteau. Father Goriot. Gobseck.] He took +under his attention the Vicomte Savinien de Portenduere, a novice in +Parisian life, whom also he would have served later as his second +against Desire Minoret, but for the latter's death by accident. +[Ursule Mirouet.] His ready wit usually saved him from the throng of +creditors that swarmed about him, but even thus he once paid a debt +due Cerizet, in spite of himself. Maxime de Trailles, at that time, +was keeping, in a modest way, Antonia Chocardelle, who had a news- +stand on the rue Coquenard, near the rue Pigalle, on which Trailles +lived; and, at the same time, a certain Hortense, a protegee of Lord +Dudley, was seconding the genius of that excellent comedian, Cerizet. +[A Man of Business. The Member for Arcis.] The dominant party of the +Restoration accused Maxime de Trailles of being a Bonapartist, and +rebuked him for his shameless corruption of life; but the citizen +monarchy extended him a cordial welcome. Marsay was the chief promoter +of the count's fortunes; he moulded him, and sent him on delicate +political missions, which he managed with marvelous success. [The +Secrets of a Princess.] And so the Comte de Trailles was widely known +in social circles: as the guest of Josepha Mirah, by his presence he +honored the house-warming in her new apartments on the rue de la +Ville-l'Eveque. [Cousin Betty.] Marsay being dead, he lost the power +of his prestige. Eugene de Rastignac, who had become somewhat of a +Puritan, showed but slight esteem for him. However, Maxime de Trailles +was on easy terms with one of the minister's intimate friends, the +brilliant Colonel Franchessini. Nucingen's son-in-law--Eugene de +Rastignac--perhaps recalled Madame de Restaud's misfortunes, and +doubtless entertained no good feeling for the man who was responsible +for them all. None the less, he employed the services of M. de +Trailles--who was always at ease in the Marquise d'Espard's salon, in +the Faubourg Saint-Honore, though a man over forty years of age, +painted and padded and bowed down with debts--and sent him to look +after the political situation in Arcis before the spring election of +1839. Trailles worked his wires with judgment; he tried to override +the Cinq-Cygnes, partisans of Henri V.; he supported the candidacy of +Phileas Beauvisage, and sought the hand of Cecile-Renee Beauvisage, +the wealthy heiress, but was unsuccessful on all sides. [The Member +for Arcis.] M. de Trailles, furthermore, excelled in the adjustment of +private difficulties. M. d'Ajuda-Pinto, Abbe Brossette, and Madame de +Grandlieu called for his assistance, and, with the further aid of +Rusticoli de la Palferine, effected the reconciliation of the families +of Calyste du Guenic and Arthur de Rochefide. [Beatrix.] He became a +member of the Chamber of Deputies, succeeding Phileas Beauvisage, who +had replaced Charles de Sallenauve, at the Palais-Bourbon; here he was +pointed out to S.-P. Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +TRANS (Mademoiselle), a young unmarried woman of Bordeaux, who, like +Mademoiselle de Belor, was on the lookout for a husband when Paul de +Manerville married Natalie Evangelista. [A Marriage Settlement.] + +TRANSON (Monsieur and Madame), wholesale dealers in earthenware goods +on the rue des Lesdiguieres, were on intimate terms, about 1824, with +their neighbors, the Baudoyers and the Saillards. [The Government +Clerks.] + +TRAVOT (General), with his command, conducted, in 1815, the siege of +Guerande, a fortress defended by the Baron du Guenic, who finally +evacuated it, but who reached the wood with his Chouans and remained +in possession of the country until the second return of the Bourbons. +[Beatrix.] + +TROGNON (Maitre), a Parisian notary, wholly at the disposal of his +neighbor, Maitre Fraisier; during the years 1844-1845 he lived on the +rue Saint-Louis-au-Marais--now rue de Turenne--and reached the death- +bed of Sylvain Pons before his colleague, Maitre Leopold Hannequin, +though the latter actually received the musician's last wishes. +[Cousin Pons.] + +TROISVILLE (Guibelin, Vicomte de), whose name is pronounced Treville, +and who, as well as his numerous family, bore simply the name Guibelin +during the period of the Empire; he belonged to a noble line of ardent +Royalists well known in Alencon. [The Seamy Side of History.] Very +probably several of the Troisvilles, as well as the Chevalier de +Valois and the Marquis d'Esgrignon, were among the correspondents of +the Vendean chiefs, for it is well known that the department of Orne +was counted among the centres of the anti-revolutionary uprising +(1799). [The Chouans.] Furthermore, the Bourbons, after their +restoration, overwhelmed the Troisvilles with honors, making several +of them members of the Chamber of Deputies or peers of France. The +Vicomte Guibelin de Troisville served during the emigration in Russia, +where he married a Muscovite girl, daughter of the Princesse +Scherbeloff; and, during the year 1816, he returned to establish +himself permantly among the people of Alencon. Accepting temporarily +the hospitality of Rose-Victoire Cormon (eventually Madame du +Bousquier), he innocently inspired her with false hopes; the viscount, +naturally reserved, failed to inform her of his being son-in-law of +Scherbeloff, and legitimate father of the future Marechale de +Montcornet. Guibelin de Troisville, a loyal social friend of the +Esgrignons, met in their salon the Roche-Guyons and the Casterans, +distant cousins of his, but the intimate relations almost came to an +end, when Mademoiselle Virginie de Troisville became Madame de +Montcornet. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] However, in spite of this +union, which he looked upon as a mesalliance, the viscount was never +cool towards his daughter and her husband, but was their guest at +Aigues, in Bourgogne. [The Peasantry.] + +TROMPE-LA-MORT, a sobriquet of Jacques Collin. + +TROUBERT (Abbe Hyacinthe), favorite priest of M. de Bourbonne; rose +rapidly during the Restoration and Louis Philippe's reign, canon and +vicar-general, in turn, of Tours, he was afterwards bishop of Troyes. +His early career in Touraine showed him to be a deep, ambitious, and +dangerous man, knowing how to remove from his path those that impeded +his advance, and knowing how to conceal the full power of his +animosity. The secret support of the Congregation and the connivance +of Sophie Gamard allowed him to take advantage of Abbe Francois +Birotteau's unsuspecting good nature, and to rob him of all the +inheritance of Abbe Chapeloud, whom he had hated in his lifetime, and +over whom he triumphed thus again, despite the shrewdness of the +deceased priest. Abbe Troubert even won over to his side the +Listomeres, defenders of Francois Birotteau. [The Vicar of Tours.] +About 1839, at Troyes, Monsiegneur Troubert was on terms of intimacy +with the Cinq-Cygnes, the Hauteserres, the Cadignans, the +Maufrigneuses, and Daniel d'Arthez, who were more or less concerned in +the matter of the Champagne elections. [The Member for Arcis.] + +TROUSSENARD (Doctor), a physician of Havre, during the Restoration, at +the time that the Mignon de la Bastie family lived in that sub- +prefecture of the Seine-Inferieure. [Modeste Mignon.] + +TRUDON, in 1818, a grocer of Paris, in the same quarter as Cesar +Birotteau, whom he furnished, on December 17th of that year, with +nearly two hundred francs' worth of wax candles. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +TULLIA, professional sobriquet of Madame du Bruel. + +TULLOYE, the name of the owner of a small estate near Angouleme, where +M. de Bargeton, in the autumn of 1821, severely wounded M. de +Chandour, an unsophisticated hot-head, whom he had challenged to a +duel. The name Tulloye furnished a good opportunity in the affair for +a play on words. [Lost Illusions.] + +TURQUET (Marguerite), born about 1816, better known under the +sobriquet of Malaga, having a further appellaton of the "Aspasia of +the Cirque-Olympique," was originally a rider in the famous Bouthor +Traveling Hippodrome, and was later a Parisian star at the Franconi +theatre, in the summer on the Champs-Elysees, in the winter on the +Boulevard du Crime. In 1837, Mademoiselle Turquet was living in the +fifth story of a house on the rue des Fosses-du-Temple--a thoroughfare +that has been built up since 1862--when Thaddee Paz set her up in +sumptuous style elsewhere. But she wearied of the role of supposed +mistress of the Pole. [The Imaginary Mistress.] Nevertheless, this +position had placed Marguerite in a prominent light, and she shone +thenceforth among the artists and courtesans. She had in Maitre +Cardot, a notary on the Place du Chatelet, an earnest protector; and +as her lover she had a quite young musician. [The Muse of the +Department.] A shrewd girl, she held on to Maitre Cardot, and made a +popular hostess, in whose salon Desroches, about 1840, gave an +entertaining account of a strange battle between two roues, Trailles +and Cerizet, debtor and creditor, that resulted in a victory for +Cerizet. [A Man of Business.] In 1838, Malaga Turquet was present at +Josepha Mirah's elegant house-warming in her gorgeous new apartments +on the rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. [Cousin Betty.] + + + +U + +URBAIN, servant of Soudry, mayor of Soulanges, Bourgogne, during the +Restoration; was at one time a cavalry soldier, who entered into the +service of the mayor, an ex-brigadier of gendarmes, after failing to +receive an appointment as gendarme. [The Peasantry.] + +URRACA, aged Spanish woman, nurse of Baron de Macumer; the only family +servant kept by her master after his ruin and during his exile in +France. Urraca prepared the baron's chocolate in the very best style. +[Letters of Two Brides.] + +URRACA Y LORA (Mademoiselle), paternal aunt of Leon de Lora, remained +a spinster. As late as 1845 this quasi-Spaniard was still living in +poverty in a commune of the Pyrenees-Orientales, with the father and +elder brother of the artist. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +URSULE, servant employed by the Abbe Bonnet, cure of Montegnac, in +1829; a woman of canonical age. She received the Abbe de Rastignac, +who had been sent by the Bishop of Limoges to bring the village curate +to Jean-Francois Tascheron. It was desired that this man, although he +was condemned to death, should be brought back within the "pale of the +Church." Ursule learned from the Abbe de Rastignac of the reprieve +that had been given the murderer, and being not only inquisitive, but +also a gossip; she spread it throughout the whole village, during the +time that she was buying the articles necessary for the preparation of +breakfast for the Cure Bonnet and the Abbe de Rastignac. [The Village +Parson.] + +URSULE, from Picardie, very large; cook employed by Ragon, perfumer on +rue Saint-Honore, Paris, towards the end of the eighteenth century; +about 1793 she took in hand the amorous education of Cesar Birotteau, +the little Tourraine peasant just employed by the Ragons as errand- +boy. Ill-natured, wanton, wheedling, dishonest, selfish and given to +drink, Ursule did not suit the candid Cesar, whom she abandoned, +moreover, two years later, for a young Picardie rebel, who owned a few +acres of land. He found concealment in Paris, and let her marry him. +[Cesar Birotteau.] + +UXELLES (Marquise d'), related to the Princess de Blamont-Chauvry, and +to the Duc and Duchesse de Lenoncourt; god-mother of Cesar Birotteau. +[Cesar Birotteau.] + +UXELLES (Duchesse d'), born about 1769, mother of Diane d'Uxelles; +beloved by the Duc de Maufrigneuse, and about 1814 gave him her +daughter in marriage; ten years later she withdrew to her Uxelles +estate, where she lived a life of piety and selfishness. [The Secrets +of a Princess.] + + + +V + +VAILLANT (Madame), wife of a cabinet-maker in the Faubourg Saint- +Antoine; mother of three children. In 1819 and 1820, for forty sous +per month, she kept house for a young author,[*] who lived in a garret +in rue Lesdiguieres. She utilized her remaining time in turning the +crank for a mechanic, and received only ten sous a day for this hard +work. This woman and her husband were perfectly upright. At the +wedding of Madame Vaillant's sister, the young writer became +acquainted with Pere Canet--Facino Cane--clarinetist at the Quinze- +Vingts--who told him his strange story. [Facino Cane.] In 1818, Madame +Vaillant, already aged, kept house for Claude-Joseph Pillerault, the +former Republican, on rue des Bourdonnais. The old merchant was good +to his servant and did not let her shine his shoes. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +[*] Honore de Balzac. He employed Madame Vaillant as a servant. + +VALDES (Paquita), born in the West Indies about 1793, daughter of a +slave bought in Georgia on account of her great beauty; lived in the +early part of the Restoration and during the Hundred Days in Hotel +San-Real, rue Saint-Lazare, Paris, with her mother and her foster- +father, Christemio. In April, 1815, in the Jardin des Tuileries, she +was met by Henri de Marsay, who loved her. She agreed to receive him +secretly in her own home. She gave up everything for his sake, but in +a transport of love, she cried out from force of habit: "O Mariquita!" +This put her lover in such a fury that he tried to kill her. Not being +able to do this, he returned, accompanied by some other members of +"The Thirteen," only to find Paquita murdered; for, the Marquise de +San-Real, Marsay's own sister, who was very jealous of the favors +granted the man by this girl, has slashed her savagely with a dagger. +Having been kept in retirement since she was twelve years old, Paquita +Valdes knew neither how to read nor to write. She spoke only English +and Spanish. On account of the peculiar color of her eyes she was +known as "the girl with the golden eyes," by some young men, one of +whom was Paul de Manerville, who had noticed her during his +promenades. [The Thirteen.] + +VALDEZ, a Spanish admiral, constitutional minister of King Ferdinand +VII. in 1820; was obliged to flee at the time of the reaction, and +embarked on an English vessel. His escape was due to the warning given +him by Baron de Macumer, who told him in time. [Letters of Two +Brides.] + +VALENTIN (De), head of a historic house of Auvergne, which had fallen +into poverty and obscurity; cousin of the Duc de Navarreins; came to +Paris under the monarchy, and made for himself an excellent place at +the "very heart of power." This he lost during the Revolution. Under +the Empire he bought many pieces of property given by Napoleon to his +generals; but the fall of Napoleon ruined him completely. He reared +his only son, Raphael, with great harshness, although he expected him +to restore the house to its former position. In the autumn of 1826, +six months after he had paid his creditors, he died of a broken heart. +The Valentins had on their arms: an eagle of gold in a field of sable, +crowned with silver, beak and talons with gules, with this device: +"The soul has not perished." [The Magic Skin.] + +VALENTIN (Madame de), born Barbe-Marie O'Flaharty, wife of the +preceding; heiress of a wealthy house; died young, leaving to her only +son an islet in the Loire. [The Magic Skin.] + +VALENTIN (Marquis Raphael de),[*] only son of the preceding couple, +born in 1804, and probably in Paris, where he was reared; lost his +mother when he was very young, and, after an unhappy childhood, +received on the death of his father the sum of eleven hundred and +twelve francs. On this he lived for nearly three years, boarding at +the rate of a franc per day at the Hotel de Saint-Quintin, rue des +Cordiers. He began two great works there: a comedy, which was to bring +him fame in a day, and the "Theory of the Will," a long work, like +that of Louis Lambert, meant to be a continuation of the books by +Mesmer, Lavater, Gall and Bichat. Raphael de Valentin as a doctor of +laws was destined by his father for the life of a statesman. Reduced +to extreme poverty, and deprived of his last possession, the islet in +the Loire, inherited from his mother, he was on the point of +committing suicide, in 1830, when a strange dealer in curiosities of +the Quai Voltaire, into whose shop he had entered by chance, gave him +a strange piece of shagreen, the possession of which assured him the +gratification of every desire, although his life would be shortened by +each wish. Shortly after this he was invited to a sumptuous feast at +Frederic Taillefer's. On the next morning Raphael found himself heir +to six million francs. In the autumn of 1831 he died of consumption in +the arms of Pauline Gaudin; they were mutual lovers. He tried in vain +to possess himself of her, in a supreme effort. As a millionaire, +Raphael de Valentin lived in friendship with Rastignac and Blondet, +looked after by his faithful servant, Jonathas, in a house on rue de +Varenne. At one time he was madly in love with a certain Comtesse +Foedora. Neither the waters of Aix, nor those of Mont-Dore, both of +which he tried, were able to give him back his lost health. [The Magic +Skin.] + +[*] During the year 1851, at the Ambigu-Comique, was performed a drama + by Alphonse Arnault and Louis Judicis, in which the life of + Raphael Valentin was reproduced. + +VALENTINE, given name and title of the heroine of a vaudeville play[*] +in two acts, by Scribe and Melesville, which was performed at the +Gymnase-Dramatique, January 4, 1836. This was more than twenty years +after the death of M. and Madame de Merret, whose lives and tragic +adventures were more or less vividly pictured in the play. [The Muse +of the Department.] + +[*] Madame Eugenie Savage played the principal part. + +VALLAT (Francois), deputy to the king's attorney at Ville-aux-Fayes, +Bourgogne, under the Restoration, at the time of the peasant uprising +against General de Montcornet. He was a cousin of Madame Sarcus, wife +of Sarcus the Rich. He sought promotion through Gaubertin, the mayor, +who was influential throughout the entire district. [The Peasantry.] + +VALLET, haberdasher in Soulanges, Bourgogne, during the Restoration, +at the time of General de Montcornet's struggle against the peasants. +The Vallet house was next to Socquard's Cafe de la Paix. [The +Peasantry.] + +VAL-NOBLE (Madame du). (See Gaillard, Madame Theodore.) + +VALOIS (Chevalier de), born about 1758; died, as did his friend and +fellow-countryman, the Marquis d'Esgrignon, with the legitimate +monarchy, August, 1830. This poor man passed his youth in Paris, where +he was surprised by the Revolution. He was finally a Chouan, and when +the western Whites arose in arms against the Republic, he was one of +the members of the Alencon royal committee. At the time of the +Restoration he was living in this city very modestly, but received by +the leading aristocracy of the province as a true Valois. The +chevalier carried snuff in an old gold snuffbox, ornamented with the +picture of the Princess Goritza, a Hungarian, celebrated for her +beauty, under Louis XV. He spoke only with emotion of this woman, for +whom he had battled with Lauzun. The Chevalier de Valois tried vainly +to marry the wealthy heiress of Alencon, Rose-Victoire Cormon, a +spinster, who had the misfortune to become the wife, platonically +speaking, of M. du Bousquier, the former contractor. In his lodging at +Alencon with Madame Lardot, a laundress, the chevalier had as mistress +one of the working women, Cesarine, whose child was usually attributed +to him. Cesarine was, as a result, the sole legatee of her lover. The +chevalier also took some liberties with another employe of Madame +Lardot, Suzanne, a very beautiful Norman girl, who was afterwards +known at Paris as a courtesan, under the name of Val-Noble, and who +still later married Theodore Gaillard. M. de Valois, although strongly +attached to this girl, did not allow her to defraud him. He was +intimate with Messieurs de Lenoncourt, de Navarreins, de Verneuil, de +Fontaine, de la Billardiere, de Maufrigneuse and de Chaulieu. Valois +made a living by gambling, but pretended to gain his modest livelihood +from a Maitre Bordin, in the name of a certain M. de Pombreton. [The +Chouans. Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +VANDENESSE (Marquis de), a gentleman of Tours; had by his wife four +children: Charles, who married Emilie de Fontaine, widow of +Kergarouet; Felix, who married Marie-Angelique de Granville; and two +daughters, the elder of whom was married to her cousin, the Marquis de +Listomere. The Vandenesse motto was: "Ne se vend." [The Lily of the +Valley.] + +VANDENESSE (Marquise de), born Listomere, wife of the preceding; tall, +slender, emaciated, selfish and fond of cards; "insolent, like all the +Listomeres, with whom insolence always counts as a part of the dowry." +She was the mother of four children, whom she reared harshly, keeping +them at a distance, especially her son Felix. She had something of a +weakness for her son Charles, the elder. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +VANDENESSE (Marquis Charles de), son of the preceding, born towards +the close of the eighteenth century; shone as a diplomatist under the +Bourbons; during this period was the lover of Madame Julie +d'Aiglemont, wife of General d'Aiglemont; by her he had some natural +children. With Desroches as his attorney, Vandenesse entered into a +suit with his younger brother, Comte Felix, in regard to some +financial matters. He married the wealthy widow of Kergarouet, born +Emilie de Fontaine. [A Woman of Thirty. A Start in Life. A Daughter of +Eve.] + +VANDENESSE (Marquise Charles de), born Emilie de Fontaine about 1802; +the youngest of the Comte de Fontaine's daughters; having been +overindulged as a child, her insolent bearing, a distinctive trait of +character, was made manifest at the famous ball of Cesar Birotteau, to +which she accompanied her parents. [Cesar Birotteau.] She refused Paul +de Manerville, and a number of other excellent offers, before marrying +her mother's uncle, Admiral Comte de Kergarouet. This marriage, which +she regretted later, was resolved upon during a game of cards with the +Bishop of Persepolis, as a result of the anger which she felt on +learning that M. Longueville, on whom she had centred her affections, +was only a merchant. [The Ball at Sceaux.] Madame de Kergarouet +scorned her nephew by marriage, Savinien de Portenduere, who courted +her. [Ursule Mirouet.] Having become a widow, she married the Marquis +de Vandenesse. A little later she endeavored to overthrow her sister- +in-law, the Comtesse Felix de Vandenesse, then in love with Raoul +Nathan. [A Daughter of Eve.] + +VANDENESSE (Comte Felix de), brother-in-law of the preceding, born +late in the eighteenth century, bore the title of vicomte until the +death of his father; suffered much in childhood and youth, first in +his home life, then as a pupil in a boarding-school at Tours and in +the Oratorien college at Pontlevoy. He was unhappy also at the Lepitre +school in Paris, and during his holidays spent on the Ile Saint-Louis +with one of the Listomeres, a kinswoman. Felix de Vandenesse at last +found happiness at Frapesle, a castle near Clochegourde. It was then +that his platonic liaison with Madame de Mortsauf began--a union which +occupied an important place in his life. He was, moreover, the lover +of Lady Arabelle Dudley, who called him familiarly Amedee, pronounced +"my dee." Madame de Mortsauf, having died, he was subjected to the +secret hatred of her daughter Madeleine, later Madame de Lenoncourt- +Givry-Chaulieu. About this time began his career in public life. +During the "Hundred Days" Louis XVIII. entrusted to him a mission in +Vendee. The King received him into favor, and finally employed him as +private secretary. He was also appointed master of petitions in the +State Council. Vandenesse frequently visited the Lenoncourts. He +excited admiration, mingled with envy, in the mind of Lucien de +Rubempre, who had recently arrived in Paris. Acting for the King, he +helped Cesar Birotteau. He was acquainted with the Prince de +Talleyrand, and asked of him information about Macumer, for Louise de +Chaulieu. [The Lily of the Valley. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished +Provincial at Paris. Cesar Birotteau. Letters of Two Brides.] After +his father's death, Felix de Vandenesse assumed the title of count, +and probably won a suit in regard to a land-sale against his brother, +the marquis, who had been badly served by a rascally clerk of Maitre +Desroches, Oscar Husson. [A Start in Life.] At this time, Comte Felix +de Vandenesse began a very close relationship with Natalie de +Manerville. She herself broke this off as a result of the detailed +description that he gave her of the love which he had formerly felt +for Madame de Mortsauf. [The Marriage Settlement.] The year following, +he married Angelique-Marie de Granville, elder daughter of the +celebrated magistrate of that name, and began to keep house on rue du +Rocher, where he had a house, furnished with the best of taste. At +first he was not able to gain his wife's affection, as his known +profligacy and his patronizing manners filled her with fear. She did +not go with him to the evening entertainment given by Madame d'Espard, +where he found himself with his elder brother, and where many +gossiping tongues directed their speech against Diane de Cadignan, +despite the presence of her lover, Arthez. Felix de Vandenesse went +with his wife to a rout at the home of Mademoiselle des Touches, where +Marsay told the story of his first love. The Comte and Comtesse de +Vandenesse, who, under Louis Philippe, still frequented the houses of +the Cadignans and the Montcornets, came very near having serious +trouble. Madame de Vandenesse, had foolishly fallen in love with Raoul +Nathan, but was kept from harm by her husband's skilful management. +[The Secrets of a Princess. Another Study of Woman. The Gondreville +Mystery. A Daughter of Eve.] + +VANDENESSE (Comtesse Felix de), wife of the preceding; born Angelique- +Marie de Granville in 1808; a brunette like her father. In bearing the +cruel treatment of her prejudiced mother, in the Marais house, where +she spent her youth, the Comtesse Felix was consoled by the tender +affection of a younger sister, Marie-Eugenie, later Madame F. du +Tillet. The lessons in harmony given them by Wilhelm Schmucke afforded +them some diversion. Married about 1828, and dowered handsomely, to +the detriment of Marie-Eugenie, she underwent, when about twenty-five +years old, a critical experience. Although mother of at least one +child, becoming suddenly of a romantic turn of mind, she narrowly +escaped becoming the victim of a worldly conspiracy formed against her +by Lady Dudley and by Mesdames Charles de Vandenesse and de +Manerville. Marie, moved by the strength of her passion for the +writer, Raoul Nathan, and wishing to save him from financial trouble, +appealed to the good offices of Madame de Nucingen and to the devotion +of Schmucke. The proof furnished to her by her husband of the debasing +relations and the extreme Bohemian life of Raoul, kept Madame Felix de +Vandenesse from falling. [A Second Home. A Daughter of Eve.] +Afterwards, her adventure, the dangers which she had run, and her +rupture with the poet, were all recounted by M. de Clagny, in the +presence of Madame de la Baudraye, Lousteau's mistress. [The Muse of +the Department.] + +VANDENESSE (Alfred de), son of the Marquis Charles de Vandenesse, a +coxcomb who, under the reign of Louis Philippe, at the Faubourg Saint- +Germain, compromised the reputation of the Comtesse de Saint-Hereen, +despite the presence of her mother, Madame d'Aiglemont, the former +mistress of the marquis. [A Woman of Thirty.] + +VANDIERES (General, Comte de), old, feeble and childish, when, with +his wife and a large number of soldiers, November 29, 1812, he started +on a raft to cross the Beresina. When the boat struck the other bank +the shock threw the count into the river. His head was severed from +his body by a cake of ice, and went down the river like a cannon-ball. +[Farewell.] + +VANDIERES (Comtesse Stephanie de), wife of the preceding, niece of the +alienist Doctor Fanjat; mistress of Major de Sucy, who afterwards was +a general. In 1812, during the campaign in Russia, she shared with her +husband all the dangers, and managed to cross the Beresina with her +lover's aid, although she was unable to rejoin him. She wandered for a +long time in northern or eastern Europe. Having become insane, she +could say nothing but the word "Farewell"! She was found later at +Strasbourg by the grenadier, Fleuriot. Having been taken to the Bons- +Hommes near the Isle-Adam, she was attended by Fanjat. She there had +as a companion an idiot by the name of Genevieve. In September, 1819, +Stephanie again saw Philippe de Sucy, but did not recognize him. She +died not far from Saint-Germain-en-Laye, January, 1820, soon after the +reproduction of the scene on the Beresina, arranged by her lover. Her +sudden return of reason killed her. [Farewell.] + +VANIERE, gardener to Raphael de Valentin; obtained from the well, into +which his frightened employer had thrown it, the wonderful piece of +shagreen, which no weight, no reagent, and no pounding could either +stretch or injure, and which none of the best known scientists could +explain. [The Magic Skin.] + +VANNEAULX (Monsieur and Madame des), small renters at Limoges, living +with their two children on rue des Cloches towards the end of Charles +X.'s reign. They inherited in the neighborhood of a hundred thousand +francs from Pingret, of whom Madame des Vanneaulx was the only niece. +This was after their uncle's murderer, J.-F. Tascheron, having been +urged by the Cure Bonnet, restored a large portion of the money stolen +in Faubourg Saint-Etienne. M. and Madame des Vanneaulx, who had +accused the murderer of "indelicacy," changed their opinion entirely +when he made this restitution. [The Country Parson.] + +VANNI (Elisa), a Corsican woman who, according to one Giacomo, rescued +a child, Luigi Porta, from the fearful vendetta of Bartolomeo di +Piombo. [The Vendetta.] + +VANNIER, patriot, conscript of Fougeres, Bretagne, during the autumn +of 1799 received an order to convey marching orders to the National +Guard of his city--a body of men who were destined to aid the Seventy- +second demi-brigade in its engagements with the Chouans. [The +Chouans.] + +VARESE (Emilio Memmi, Prince of), of the Cane-Memmis, born in 1797, a +member of the greater nobility, descendant of the ancient Roman family +of Memmius, received the name of Prince of Varese on the death of +Facino Cane, his relative. During the time of Austrian rule in Venice, +Memmi lived there in poverty and obscurity. In the early part of the +Restoration he was on friendly terms with Marco Vendramini, his +fellow-countryman. His poverty would not permit of his keeping more +than one servant, the gondolier, Carmagnola. For Massimilla Doni, wife +of the Duke Cataneo, he felt a passion, which was returned, and which +for a long time remained platonic, despite its ardor. He was +unfaithful to her at one time, not being able to resist the unforeseen +attractions of Clarina Tinti, a lodger in the Memmi palace, and +unrivaled prima donna at the Fenice. Finally, conquering his timidity, +and breaking with the "ideal," he rendered Massimilla Cataneo a +mother, and married her when she became a widow. Varese lived in Paris +under the reign of Louis Philippe, and, having been enriched by his +marriage, one evening at the Champs-Elysees, aided certain destitute +artists, the Gambaras, who were obliged to sing in the open air. He +asked for the story of their misfortunes, and Marianina told it to him +without bitterness. [Massimilla Doni. Gambara.] + +VARESE (Princess of), wife of the preceding, born Massimilla Doni, +about 1800, of an ancient and wealthy Florentine family of the +nobility; married, at first, the Duke Cataneo, a repulsive man who +lived in Venice at the time of Louis XVIII. She was an enthusiastic +attendant of the Fenice theatre during the winter when "Moses" and the +"Semiramide" were given by a company, in which were found Clarina +Tinti, Genovese and Carthagenova. Massimilla conceived a violent but +at first a platonic love for Emilio Memmi, Prince of Varese, married +him after Cataneo's death, following him to Paris, during the time of +Louis Philippe, where she met with him the Gambaras and helped them in +their poverty. [Massimilla Doni. Gambara.] + +VARLET, an Arcis physician, early in the nineteenth century, at the +time of the political and local quarrels of the Gondrevilles, Cinq- +Cygnes, Simeuses, Michus, and Hauteserres; had a daughter who +afterwards became Madame Grevin. [The Gondreville Mystery. The Member +for Arcis.] + +VARLET, son of the preceding, brother-in-law of Grevin; like his +father, later a physician. [The Member for Arcis.] + +VASSAL, in 1822 at Paris, third clerk of Maitre Desroches, an +advocate, by whom were employed also Marest, Husson and Godeschal. [A +Start in Life.] + +VATEL, formerly an army child, then corporal of the Voltigeurs, +became, during the Restoration, one of the three guards of +Montcornet's estate in Aigues, Bourgogne, under head-keeper Michaud; +he detected Mere Tonsard in her trespassing. He was a valuable +servant; gay as a lark, rather loose in his conduct with women, +without any religious principles, and brave unto rashness. [The +Peasantry.] + +VATINELLE (Madame), a pretty and rather loose woman of Mantes, courted +at the same time by Maitre Fraisier and the king's attorney, Olivier +Vinet; she was "kind" to the former, thereby causing his ruin; the +attorney soon found a means of compelling Fraisier, who was +representing both sides in a lawsuit, to sell his practice and leave +town. [Cousin Pons.] + +VAUCHELLES (De), maintained relations of close friendship, about 1835, +at Besancon, with Amedee de Soulas, his fellow-countryman, and +Chavoncourt, the younger, a former collegemate. Vauchelles was of +equally high birth with Soulas, and was also equally poor. He sought +the hand of Mademoiselle Victoire, Chavoncourt's eldest sister, on +whom a godmother aunt had agreed to settle an estate yielding an +income of seven thousand francs, and a hundred thousand francs in +cash, in the marriage contract. To Rosalie de Watteville's +satisfaction, he opposed Albert Savarus, the rival of the elder +Chavoncourt, in his candidacy for a seat in the Chamber of Deputies. +[Albert Savarus.] + +VAUDOYER, a peasant of Ronquerolles, Bourgogne, appointed forest- +keeper of Blangy, but discharged about 1821, in favor of Groison, by +Montcornet, at that time mayor of the commune; supported G. Rigou and +F. Gaubertin as against the new owner of Aigues. [The Peasantry.] + +VAUDREMONT (Comtesse de), born in 1787; being a wealthy widow of +twenty-two years in 1809, she was considered the most beautiful +Parisian of the day, and was known as the "Queen of Fashion." In the +month of November of the same year, she attended the great ball given +by the Malin de Gondrevilles, who were disappointed at the Emperor's +failure to appear on that occasion. Being the mistress of the Comte de +Soulanges and Martial de la Roche-Hugon, Madame de Vaudremont had +received from the former a ring taken from his wife's jewel-casket; +she made a present of it to Martial, who happening to be wearing it on +the evening of the Gondreville ball, gave it to Madame de Soulanges, +without once suspecting that he was restoring it to its lawful owner. +Madame de Vaudremont's death followed shortly after this incident, +which brought about the reconciliation of the Soulanges couple, urged +by the Duchesse de Lansac; the countess perished in the famous fire +that broke out at the Austrian embassy during the party given on the +occasion of the wedding of the Emperor and the Arch-duchess Marie- +Louise. [Domestic Peace.] The embassy was located on the part of the +rue de la Chaussee-d'Antin (at that time rue du Mont-Blanc) comprised +between the rue de la Victoire and the rue Saint-Lazare. + +VAUMERLAND (Baronne de), a friend of Madame de l'Ambermesnil's, +boarded with one of Madame Vauquer's rivals in the Marais, and +intended, as soon as her term expired, to become a patron of the +establishment on the rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve; at least, so Madame +de l'Ambermesnil declared. [Father Goriot.] + +VAUQUELIN (Nicolas-Louis), a famous chemist, and a member of the +Institute; born at Saint-Andre d'Hebertot, Calvadts, in 1763, died in +1829; son of a peasant; praised by Fourcroy; in turn, pharmacist in +Paris, mine-inspector, professor at the School of Pharmacy, the School +of Medicine, the Jardin des Plantes, and the College de France. He +gave Cesar Birotteau the formula for a cosmetic for the hands, that +the perfumer called "la double pate des Sultanes," and, being +consulted by him on the subject of "cephalic oil," he denied the +possibility of restoring a suit of hair. Nicolas Vauquelin was invited +to the perfumer's great ball, given on December 17, 1818. In +recognition of the good advice received from the scientist, Cesar +Birotteau offered him a proof, before the time of printing, on China +paper, of Muller's engraving of the Dresden Virgin, which proof had +been found in Germany after two years of searching, and cost fifteen +hundred francs. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +VAUQUER (Madame), a widow, born Conflans about 1767. She claimed to +have lost a brilliant position through a series of misfortunes, which, +by the way, she never detailed specifically. For a long time she kept +a bourgeois boarding-house on the rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve (now rue +Tournefort), near the rue de l'Arbalete. In 1819-1820, Madame Vauquer, +a short, stout, languid woman, but rather well preserved in spite of +being a little faded, had Horace Bianchon as table-boarder, and +furnished with board and lodging the following: on the first floor of +her house, Madame Couture and Mademoiselle Victorine Taillefer; on the +second floor, Poiret, the elder, and Jacques Collin; on the third, +Christine-Michelle Michonneau--afterwards Madame Poiret,--Joachim +Goriot; whom she looked upon as a possible husband for herself, and +Eugene de Rastignac. She was deserted by her various boarders shortly +after the arrest of Jacques Collin. [Father Goriot.] + +VAUREMONT (Princesse de), one of the most prominent figures of the +eighteenth century; grandmother of Madame Marie Gaston, who adored +her; she died in 1817, the year of Madame de Stael's death, in a +mansion belonging to the Chaulieus and situated near the Boulevard des +Invalides. Madame de Vauremont, at the time of her death, was +occupying a suite of apartments in which she was shortly afterwards +succeeded by Louise de Chaulieu (Madame Marie Gaston). Talleyrand, an +intimate friend of the princess was executor of her will. [Letters of +Two Brides.] + +VAUTHIER, commonly called Vieux-Chene, former servant of the famous +Longuy; hostler at the Ecu de France, Mortagne, in 1809; was +implicated in the affair of the Chauffeurs, and condemned to twenty +years of penal servitude, but was afterwards pardoned by the Emperor. +During the Restoration he was murdered in the streets of Paris by an +obscure and devoted countryman of the Chevalier du Vissard. [The Seamy +Side of History.] + +VAUTHIER (Madame), originally, in 1809, kitchen-girl in the household +of the Prince de Wissembourg, on the rue Louis-le-Grand; then cook to +Barbet, the publisher, owner of a lodging-house on the Boulevard +Montparnasse; still later, about 1833, she managed this establishment +for him, serving the same time as door-keeper in the house mentioned. +At that time Madame Vauthier employed Nepomucene and Felicite for the +house-work; as lodgers she had Bourlac, Vanda and Auguste Mergi, and +Godefroid. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +VAUTRIN,[*] the most famous of Jacques Collin's assumed names. + +[*] On March 14, 1840, a Parisian theatre, the Porte-Saint-Martin, + presented a play in which the famous convict was a principal + character. Although Frederic Lemaitre took the leading role, the + play was presented only once. In April, 1868, however, the Ambigu- + Comique revived it, with Frederic Lemaitre again in the leading + role. + +VAUVINET, born about 1817, a money-lender of Paris, was of the elegant +modern type, altogether different from Chaboisseau-Gobseck; he made +the Boulevard des Italiens the centre of his operations; was a +creditor of the Baron Hulot, first in the sum of seventy thousand +francs; and then in an additional sum of forty thousand, really lent +by Nucingen. [Cousin Betty.] In 1845, Leon de Lora and J.-J. Bixiou +called S.-P. Gazonal's attention to him. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +VAVASSEUR, clerk in the Treasury Department, during the Empire, in +Clergeot's division. He was succeeded by E.-L.-L.-E.-Cochin. [The +Government Clerks.] + +VEDIE (La), born in 1756, a homely spinster, her face being pitted +with small-pox; a relative of La Cognette, a distinguished cook; on +the recommendation of Flore Brazier and Maxence Gilet, she was +employed as cook by J.-J. Rouget, after the death of a curate, whom +she had served long, and who died without leaving her anything. She +was to receive a pension of three hundred livres a year, after ten +years of competent, faithful and loyal service. [A Bachelor's +Establishment.] + +VENDRAMINI (Marco), whose name is also pronounced Vendramin;[*] +probably a descendant of the last Doge of Venice; brother of Bianca +Sagredo, born Vendramini; a Venetian patriot; an intimate friend of +Memmi-Cane, Prince of Varese. In the intoxication caused by opium, his +great resource about 1820, Marco Vendramini dreamed that his dear +city, then under Austrian dominion, was free and powerful once more. +He talked with Memmi of the Venice of his dreams, and of the famous +Procurator Florain, now in the modern Greek, now in their native +tongue; sometimes as they walked together, sometimes before La Vulpato +and the Cataneos, during a presentation of "Semiramide," "Il +Barbiere," or "Moses," as interpreted by La Tinti and Genovese. +Vendramini died from excessive use of opium, at quite an early age, +during the reign of Louis XVIII., and was greatly mourned by his +friends. [Facino Cane. Massimilla Doni.] + +[*] The palace in Venice formerly owned by the Duchesse de Berri and + the Comte de Chambord, in which Wagner, the musician, died, is + even now called the Vendramin Palace. It is on the Grand-Canal, + quite near the Justiniani Palace (now the Hotel de-l'Europe.) + +VERGNIAUD (Louis), who made the Egyptian campaign with Hyacinthe +Chabert and Luigi Porta, was quartermaster of hussars when he left the +service. During the Restoration he was, in turn, cow-keeper on the rue +du Petit-Banquier, keeper of a livery-stable, and cabman. As cow- +keeper, Vergniaud, having a wife and three sons, being in debt to +Grados, and giving too generously to Chabert, ended in insolvency; +even then he aided Luigi Porta, again in trouble, and was his witness +when that Corsican married Mademoiselle di Piombo. Louis Vergniaud, +being a party to the conspiracies against Louis XVIII., was imprisoned +for his share in these crimes. [Colonel Chabert. The Vendetta.] + +VERMANTON, a cynic philosopher, and a habitue of Madame Schontz's +salon, between 1835 and 1840, when she was keeping house with Arthur +de Rochefide. [Beatrix.] + +VERMICHEL, common nick-name of Vert (Michel-Jean-Jerome.) + +VERMUT, a druggist of Soulanges, in Bourgogne, during the Restoration; +brother-in-law of Sarcus, the Soulanges justice of the peace, who had +married his eldest sister. Though quite a distinguished chemist, +Vermut was the object of the pleasantries and contemptuous remarks of +the Soudry salon, especially at the hands of the Gourdons. Despite the +slight esteem "of the first society of Soulanges," Vermut gave +evidence of ability, when he disturbed Madame Pigeron by finding +traces of poison in the body of her dead husband. [The Peasantry.] + +VERMUT (Madame), wife of the preceding; life and soul of the salon of +Madame Soudry, who, however, declared that she was "bad form," and +reproached her for flirting with Gourdon, author of "La Bilboqueide." +[The Peasantry.] + +VERNAL (Abbe), one of the four Vendean leaders, in 1799, when +Montauran was opposing Hulot, the other three being Chatillon, +Suzannet, and the Comte de Fontaine. [The Chouans.] + +VERNET (Joseph), born in 1714, died in 1789, a famous French artist; +patronized the Cat and Racket, a drapery establishment on the rue +Saint-Denis, of which M. Guillaume, father-in-law of Sommervieux, was +proprietor. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] + +VERNEUIL (Marquis de), member of a historic family, and probably an +ancestor of the Verneuils of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. +In 1591, he was on intimate terms, with the Norman Comte d'Herouville, +ancestor of the keeper of Josepha Mirah, star of the Royal Academy of +Music, about 1838. The relations between the two families continued +unbroken through the centuries. [The Hated Son.] + +VERNEUIL (Victor-Amedee, Duc de), probably descended from the +preceding, died before the Revolution; by Mademoiselle Blanche de +Casteran, he had a daughter, Marie-Nathalie--afterwards Madame +Alphonse de Montauran. He acknowledged his natural daughter at the +close of his life, and almost disinherited his legitimate son in her +favor. [The Chouans.] + +VERNEUIL (Mademoiselle de), probably a relative of the preceding; +sister of the Prince de Loudon, the Vendean cavalry general; she went +to Mans to save her brother, and died on the scaffold in 1793, after +the Savenay affair. [The Chouans.] + +VERNEUIL (Duc de), son of the Duc Victor-Amedee de Verneuil, and +brother of Madame Alphonse de Montauran, with whom he had a lawsuit +over the inheritance left by their father; during the Restoration he +lived in the town of Alencon and was on intimate terms with the +D'Esgrignons of that place. He took Victurnien d'Esgrignon under his +protection, and introduced him to Louis XVIII. [The Chouans. +Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +VERNEUIL (Duc de), of the family of the preceding, was present at the +entertainment given by Josepha Mirah, the mistress of the Duc +d'Herouville, when she opened her sumptuous suite of apartments on the +rue de la Ville-l'Eveque, Paris, in Louis Philippe's reign. [Cousin +Betty.] + +VERNEUIL (Duc de), a good-natured great nobleman, son-in-law of a +wealthy first president of a royal court, who died in 1800; he was the +father of four children, among them being Mademoiselle Laure and the +Prince Gaspard de Loudon; owned the historic chateau of Rosembray, in +the vicinity of Havre, and close by the forest of Brotonne; there he +received, one day in October, 1829, the Mignon de la Basties, +accompanied by the Herouvilles, Canalis, and Ernest de la Briere, all +of whom were at that time desirous to marry Modeste Mignon, soon to +become Madame de la Briere de la Bastie. [Modeste Mignon.] + +VERNEUIL (Duchesse Hortense de), wife of the preceding, a haughty and +pious personage, daughter of a wealthy first president of a royal +court, who died in 1800. Of her four children, only two lived--her +daughter Laure and the Prince Gaspard de Loudon; she was on very +intimate terms with the Herouvilles, and especially with the elderly +Mademoiselle d'Herouville, and received a visit from them, one day in +October, 1829, with the Mignon de la Basties, followed by Melchior de +Canalis and Ernest de la Briere. [Modeste Mignon.] + +VERNEUIL (Laure de), daughter of the preceding couple. At the +entertainment at Rosembray in October, 1829, Eleonore de Chaulieu gave +her advice on the subject of tapestry and embroidery. [Modeste +Mignon.] + +VERNEUIL (Duchesse de), sister of the Prince de Blamont-Chauvry; an +intimate friend of the Duchesse de Bourbon, sorely tried by the +disasters of the Revolution; aunt and, in a way, mother by adoption of +Blanche-Henriette de Mortsauf (born Lenoncourt). She belonged to a +society of which Saint-Martin was the soul. The Duchesse de Verneuil, +who owned the Clochegourde estate in Touraine, gave it, in her +lifetime, to Madame de Mortsauf, reserving for herself only one room +of the mansion. Madame de Verneuil died in the early part of the +nineteenth century. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +VERNEUIL (Marie-Nathalie de).[*] (See Montauran, Marquise Alphonse +de.) + +[*] On June 23, 1837, under the title of /Le Gars/, the Ambigu-Comique + presented a drama of Antony Beraud's in five acts and six + tableaux, which was a modified reproduction of the adventures of + Marie-Nathalie de Montauran. + +VERNIER (Baron), intendant-general, under obligations to Hector Hulot +d'Ervy, whom he met, in 1843, at the Ambigu theatre, as escort of a +gloriously handsome woman. He afterwards received a visit from the +Baronne Adeline Hulot, coming for information. [Cousin Betty.] + +VERNIER, formerly a dyer, who lived on his income at Vouvray +(Touraine), about 1821; a cunning countryman, father of a marriageable +daughter named Claire; was challenged by Felix Gaudissart in 1831, for +having played a practical joke on that illustrious traveling merchant, +and fought a bloodless pistol duel. [Gaudissart the Great.] + +VERNIER (Madame), wife of the preceding, a stout little woman, of +robust health; a friend of Madame Margaritis; she gladly contributed +her share to the mystification of Gaudissart as conceived by her +husband. [Gaudissart the Great.] + +VERNISSET (Victore de), a poet of the "Angelic School," at the head of +which stood Canalis, the academician; a contemporary of Beranger, +Delavigne, Lamartine, Lousteau, Nathan, Vigny, Hugo, Barbier, Marie +Gaston and Gautier, he moved in various Parisian circles; he was seen +at the Brothers of Consolation on the rue Chanoinesse, and he received +pecuniary assistance from the Baronne de la Chanterie, president of +the above-mentioned association; he was to be found, with Heloise +Brisetout, on the rue Chauchat, at the time of her house-warming in +the apartments in which she succeeded Josepha Mirah; there he met +J.-J. Bixiou, Leon de Lora, Etienne Lousteau and Stidmann; he fell +madly in love with Madame Schontz. He was invited to the marriage of +Celestin Crevel and Valerie Marneffe. [The Seamy Side of History. +Beatrix. Cousin Betty.] + +VERNON (Marechal) father of the Duc de Vissembourg and the Prince +Chiavari. [Beatrix.] + +VERNOU (Felicien), a Parisian journalist. He used his influence in +starting Marie Godeschal, usually called Mariette, at the Porte Saint- +Martin. The husband of an ugly, vulgar, and crabbed woman, he had by +her children that were by no means welcome. He lived in wretched +lodgings on the rue Mandar, when Lucien de Rubempre was presented to +him. Vernou was a caustic critic on the side of the oppositon. The +uncongeniality of his domestic life embittered his character and his +genius. He was a finished specimen of the envious man, and pursued +Lucien de Rubempre with an alert and malicious jealousy. [A Bachelor's +Establishment. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. +Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] In 1834, Blondet recommended him to +Nathan as a "Handy Andy" for a newspaper. [A Daughter of Eve.] +Celestin Crevel invited him to his marriage with Valerie Marneffe. +[Cousin Betty.] + +VERNOU (Madame Felicien), wife of the preceding, whose vulgarity was +one of the causes of her husband's bitterness, revealed herself in her +true light to Lucien de Rubempre, when she mentioned a certain Madame +Mahoudeau as one of her friends. [A Distinguished Provincial at +Paris.] + +VERT (Michel-Jean-Jerome), nick-named Vermichel, formerly violinist in +the Bourgogne regiment, was occupied, during the Restoration, with the +various callings of fiddler, door-keeper of the Hotel de Ville, drum- +beater of Soulanges, jailer of the local prison, and finally bailiff's +deputy in the service of Brunet. He was intimate friend of Fourchon, +with whom he was in the habit of getting on sprees, and whose hatred +for the Montcornets, owners of Aigues, he shared. [The Peasantry.] + +VERT (Madame Michel), wife of the preceding, commonly called +Vermichel, as was the case with her husband; a mustached virago, a +metre in width, and of two hundred and forty pounds weight, but active +in spite of this; she ruled her husband absolutely. [The Peasantry.] + +VERVELLE (Antenor), an eccentric bourgeois of Paris, made his fortune +in the cork business. Retiring from the trade, Vervelle became, in his +own way, an amateur artist; wished to form a gallery of paintings, and +believed that he was collecting Flemish specimens, works of Tenier, +Metzu, and Rembrandt; employed Elie Magus to form the collection, and, +with that Jew as go-between, married his daughter Virginie to Pierre +Grassou. Vervelle, at that time, was living in a house of his own on +the rue Boucherat, a part of the rue Saint-Louis (now rue de Turenne), +near the rue Charlot. He also owned a cottage at Ville-d'Avray, in +which the famous Flemish collection was stored--pictures really +painted by Pierre Grassou. [Pierre Grassou.] + +VERVELLE (Madame Antenor), wife of the preceding, gladly accepted +Pierre Grassou for a son-in-law, as soon as she found out that Maitre +Cardot was his notary. Madame Vervelle, however, was horrified at the +idea of Joseph Bridau's bursting in Pierre's studio, and "touching up" +the portrait of Mademoiselle Virginie, afterwards Madame Grassou. +[Pierre Grassou.] + +VERVELLE (Virginie). (See Grassou, Madame Pierre.) + +VEZE (Abbe de), a priest of Mortagne, during the Empire, administered +the last sacrament to Madame Bryond des Tours-Minieres just before her +execution in 1810; he was afterwards one of the Brothers of +Consolation, installed in the home of the Baronne de la Chanterie on +the rue Chanoinesse, Paris. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +VIALLET, an excellent gendarme, appointed brigadier at Soulanges, +Bourgogne; replaced Soudry, retired. [The Peasantry.] + +VICTOIRE, in 1819, a servant of Charles Claparon, a banker on the rue +de Provence, Paris; "a real Leonarde bedizened like a fish-huckster." +[Cesar Birotteau.] + +VICTOR, otherwise known as the Parisian, a mysterious personage who +lived in marital relations with the Marquis d'Aiglemont's eldest +daughter, and made her the mother of several children. Victor, while +dodging the pursuit of the police, who were on his track for the +murder of Mauny, had found refuge for two hours in Versailles, on +Christmas night of one of the last years of the Restoration, in a +house near the Barriere de Montreuil (57, Avenue de Paris), with the +parents of Helene d'Aiglemont, the last named of whom fled with him. +During Louis Philippe's reign, Victor was captain of the "Othello," a +Colombian pirate, and lived very happily with his family--Mademoiselle +d'Aiglemont and the children he had by her. He met with General +d'Aiglemont, his mistress's father, who was at that time a passenger +on board the "Saint-Ferdinand," and saved his life. Victor perished at +sea in a shipwreck. [A Woman of Thirty.] + +VICTORINE, a celebrated seamstress of Paris, had among her customers +the Duchesse Cataneo, Louise de Chaulieu, and, probably, Madame de +Bargeton. [Massimilla Doni. Lost Illusions. Letters of Two Brides.] +Her successors assumed and handed down her name; Victorine IV.'s +"intelligent scissors" were praised in the latter part of Louis +Philippe's reign, when Fritot sold Mistress Noswell the Selim shawl. +[Gaudissart II.] + +VIDAL & PORCHON, book-sellers on commission, Quai des Augustins, +Paris, in 1821. Lucien de Rubempre had an opportunity to judge of +their method of doing business, when his "Archer of Charles IX." and a +volume of poems were brutally refused by them. Vidal & Porchon had in +stock at that time the works of Keratry, Arlincourt, and Victor +Ducange. Vidal was a stout, blunt man, who traveled for the firm. +Porchon, colder and more diplomatic, seemed to have special charge of +negotiations. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] + +VIEN (Joseph-Marie), a celebrated painter, born at Montpellier in +1716, died at Rome in 1809. In 1758, with Allegrain and Loutherbourg, +he aided his friend Sarrasine in abducting Zambinella, with a view to +taking him to the apartments of the sculptor, who was madly in love +with the eunuch, believing him to be a woman. At a later period, Vien +made for Madame de Lantry a copy of the statue modeled by Sarrasine +after Zambinella, and it was from this picture of Vien's that Girodet, +the signer of "Endymion," received his inspiration. This statue of +Sarrasine's was, long afterwards, reproduced by the sculptor Dorlange- +Sallenauve. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] + +VIEUX-CHAPEAU, a soldier in the Seventy-second demi-brigade; was +killed in an engagement with the Chouans, in September, 1799. [The +Chouans.] + +VIGNEAU, of the commune of Isere, of which Benassis was creator, so to +speak; he courageously took charge of an abandoned tile-factory, made +a successful business of it, and lived with his family around him, +which consisted of his mother, his mother-in-law, and his wife, who +had formerly been in the service of the Graviers of Grenoble. [The +Country Doctor.] + +VIGNEAU (Madame), wife of the preceding, a perfect housekeeper; she +received Genestas cordially, when brought to call by Benassis; Madame +Vigneau was then on the point of becoming a mother. [The Country +Doctor.] + +VIGNOL (See Bouffe.) + +VIGNON (Claude), a French critic, born in 1799, brought a remarkable +power of analysis to the study of all questions of art, literature, +philosophy, or political problems. A clear, deep, and unerring judge +of men, a strong psychologist, he was famous in Paris as early as +1821, and was present, at the apartments of Florine, then acting at +the Panorama-Dramatique, at the supper following the presentation of +the "Alcade dans l'Embarras," and had a brilliant conversation on the +subject of the press with Emile Blondet, in the presence of a German +diplomatist. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] In 1834, Claude +Vignon was entrusted with the haute critique of the newspaper founded +by Raoul Nathan. [A Daughter of Eve.] For quite a period Vignon had +Felicite des Touches (Camille Maupin) as his mistress. In 1836, he +brought her back from Italy, accompanied by Lora, when he heard the +story of the domestic difficulties of the Bauvans from Maurice de +l'Hostal, French consul at Genoa. [Honorine.] Again, in 1836, at Les +Touches, Vignon, on the point of giving up Camille Maupin, delivered +to his former mistress a veritable dissertation, of surprising +insight, on the subject of the heart, with reference to Calyste du +Guenic, Gennaro Conti, and Beatrix de Rochefide. Such intimate +knowledge of the human heart had gradually saddened and wearied him; +he sought relief for his ennui in debauchery; he paid attention to La +Schontz, really a courtesan of superior stamp, and moulded her. +[Beatrix.] Afterwards, he became ambitious, and was secretary to +Cottin de Wissembourg, minister of war; this position brought him into +contact with Valerie Marneffe, whom he secretly loved; he, Stidmann, +Steinbock, and Massol, were witnesses of her marriage to Crevel, this +being the second time she had been led to the altar. He was counted +among the habitues of Valerie's salon, when "Jean-Jacques Bixiou was +going . . . to cozen Lisbeth Fischer." [Cousin Betty.] He rallied to +the support of Louis Philippe, and as editor of the Journal des +Debats, and master of requests in the Council of State, he gave his +attention to the lawsuit pending between S.-P. Gazonal and the prefect +of the Pyrenees-Orientales; a position as librarian, a chair at the +Sorbonne, and the decoration bore further testimony to the favor that +he enjoyed. [The Unconscious Humorists.] Vignon's reputation remained +undiminished, and, even in our own time, Madame Noemi Rouvier, +sculptor and novelist, signs the critic's name to her works. + +VIGOR, manager of the post-station at Ville-aux-Fayes, during the +Restoration; officer in the National Guard of that sub-prefecture of +Bourgogne; brother-in-law of Leclercq, the banker, whose sister he had +married. [The Peasantry.] + +VIGOR, son of the preceding, and, like the rest of his family, +interested in protecting Francois Gaubertin from Montcornet; he was +deputy judge of the court of Ville-aux-Fayes in 1823. [The Peasantry.] + +VILLEMOT, head-clerk of Tabareau, the bailiff, was entrusted, in +April, 1845, with the work of superintending the details of the +interment of Sylvain Pons, and also to look after the interests of +Schmucke, who had been appointed residuary legatee by the deceased. +Villemot was entirely under the influence of Fraisier, business agent +of the Camusot de Marvilles. [Cousin Pons.] + +VILLENOIX (Salomon de), son of a wealthy Jew named Salomon, who in his +old age had married a Catholic. Brought up in his mother's religion; +he raised the Villenoix estate to a barony. [Louis Lambert.] + +VILLENOIX (Pauline Salomon de), born about 1800; natural daughter of +the preceding. During the Restoration, she was made to feel her +origin. Her character and her superiority made her an object of envy +in her provincial circle. Her meeting with Louis Lambert at Blois was +the turning point in her life. Community of age, country, +disappointments, and pride of spirit brought them in touch--a +reciprocated passion was the result. Mademoiselle Salomon de Villenoix +was going to marry Lambert, when the scholar's terrible mental malady +asserted itself. She was frequently able to avert the sick man's +paroxysms; she nursed him, advised him, and guided him, notably at +Croisic, where at her suggestion Lambert related in letter-form the +tragic misfortunes of the Cambremers, which he had just learned. On +her return to Villenoix, Pauline took her fiance with her where she +noted down and understood his last thoughts, sublime in their +incoherence; he died in her arms, and from that time forth she +considered herself the widow of Louis Lambert, whom she had buried in +one of the islands of the lake park at Villenoix. [Louis Lambert. A +Seaside Tragedy.] Two years later, being sensibly aged, and living in +almost total retirement from the world at the town of Tours, but full +of sympathy for weak mortals, Pauline de Villenoix protected the Abbe +Francois Birotteau, the victim of Troubert's hatred. [The Vicar of +Tours.] + +VILQUIN, the richest ship-owner of Havre, during the Restoration, +purchased the estates of the bankrupt Charles Mignon, with the +exception of a chalet given by Mignon to Dumay; this dwelling, being +in close proximity to the millionaire's superb villa, and being +occupied by the families of Mignon and Dumay, was the despair of +Vilquin, Dumay obstinately refusing to sell it. [Modeste Mignon.] + +VILQUIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, had G.-C. d'Estourny as +lover, previous to his amour with Bettina-Caroline Mignon; by her +husband she had three children, two of whom were girls. The eldest of +these, being richly endowed, was eventually Madame Francisque Althor. +[Modeste Mignon.] + +VIMEUX, in 1824, an unassuming justice of the peace in a department of +the North, rebuked his son Adolphe for the kind of life he was leading +in Paris. [The Government Clerks.] + +VIMEUX (Adolphe), son of the preceding, in 1824, was copyist emeritus +in Xavier Rabourdin's bureau in the Finance Department. A great dandy, +he thought only of his dress, and was satisfied with meagre fare at +the Katcomb's restaurant; he became a debtor of Antoine, the messenger +boy; secretly his ambition was to marry a rich old lady. [The +Government Clerks.] + +VINET had a painful career to start with; a disappointment crossed his +path at the very outset. He had seduced a Mademoiselle de Chargeboeuf, +and he supposed that her parents would acknowledge him as son-in-law, +and endow their daughter richly; so he married her, but her family +disowned her, and he therefore had to rely on himself entirely. As an +attorney at Provins, Vinet made his mark by degrees; as head of the +local opposition, with the aid of Goraud, he succeeded in making use +of Denis Rogron, a wealthy retired merchant, established the "Courrier +de Provins," a Liberalist paper, adroitly defended the Rogrons against +the charge of killing Pierrette Lorrain by slow degrees, was elected +to the Chamber of Deputies about 1830, and became also attorney- +general, and probably minister of justice. [Pierrette. The Member for +Arcis. The Middle Classes. Cousin Pons.] + +VINET (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Chargeboeuf, and therefore +one of the descendants of the "noble family of La Brie, a name derived +from the exploit of a knight in the expedition of Saint-Louis," was +mother of two children, who suffered for her happiness. Absolutely +controlled by her husband, rejected and sacrificed by her family from +the time of her marriage, Madame Vinet scarcely dared in the Rogrons' +salon to speak in defence of Pierrette Lorrain, their victim. +[Pierrette.] + +VINET (Olivier), son of the preceding couple, born in 1816. A +magistrate, like his father, began his career as deputy king's +attorney at Arcis, advanced to the position of king's attorney in the +town of Mantes, and, still further, was deputy king's attorney, but +now in Paris. Supported by his father's influence, and being noted for +his independent raillery, Vinet was dreaded everywhere. Among the +people of Arcis, he mixed only with the little coterie of government +officials, composed of Goulard, Michu, and Marest. [The Member for +Arcis.] Being a rival of Maitre Fraisier in the affections of Madame +Vatinelle of Mantes, he resolved to destroy this contestant in the +race, and so thwarted his career. [Cousin Pons.] At the Thuilliers', +on the rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer, Paris, where he displayed his +usual impertinence, Vinet was an aspirant to the hand of Celeste +Colleville, the heiress, who was eventually Madame Felix Phellion. +[The Middle Classes.] + +VIOLETTE, a husbandman, tenanted in the department of Aube, near +Arcis, the Grouage farm, that was a part of the Gondreville estate, at +the time that Peyrade and Corentin, in accordance with Fouche's +instructions, undertook the singular abduction of Senator Malin de +Gondreville. A miserly and deceitful man, this fellow Violette +secretly aided with Malin de Gondreville and the powers of the day +against Michu, the mysterious agent of the Cinq-Cygne, Hauteserre, and +Simeuse families. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +VIOLETTE (Jean), a descendant of the preceding; hosier of Arcis in +1837; took in hand Pigoult's business, as successor to Phileas +Beauvisage. In the electoral stir of 1839, Jean Violette seemed to be +entirely at the disposal of the Gondreville faction. [The Member for +Arcis.] + +VIRGINIE, cook in the household of Cesar Birotteau, the perfumer, in +1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +VIRGINIE, during the years 1835-1836, lady's maid, on the rue Neuve- +des-Mathurins (at present rue des Mathurins), Paris, to Marie-Eugenie +du Tillet, who was at that time engrossed in righting the imprudent +conduct of Angelique-Marie de Vandenesse. [A Daughter of Eve.] + +VIRGINIE, mistress of a Provencal soldier, who, at a later period, +during Bonaparte's campaign in Egypt, was lost for some time in a +desert, where he lived with a female panther. The jealous mistress was +constantly threatening to stab her lover, and he dubbed her Mignonne, +by antiphrasis; in memory of her he gave the same name to the panther. +[A Passion in the Desert.] + +VIRGINIE, a Parisian milliner, whose hats were praised, for a +consideration, by Andoche Finot in his newspaper in 1821. [A +Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] + +VIRLAZ, a rich furrier of Leipsic, from whom his nephew, Frederic +Brunner, inherited, about the middle of Louis-Philippe's reign. In his +lifetime this Jew, head of the house of Virlaz & Co., had the fortune +of Madame Brunner (first of the name) placed in the coffers of the Al- +Sartchild bank. [Cousin Pons.] + +VISSARD (Marquis du), in memory of his younger brother, the Chevalier +Rifoel du Vissard, was created a peer of France by Louis XVIII., who +entered him as a lieutenant in the Maison-Rouge, and made him a +prefect upon the dissolution of the Maison-Rouge. [The Seamy Side of +History.] + +VISSARD (Charles-Amedee-Louis-Joseph Rifoel, Chevalier du), noble and +headstrong gentleman; played an important part, after 1789, in the +various anti-revolutionary insurrections of western France. In +December, 1799, he was at the Vivetiere, and his impulsiveness was a +contrast with the coolness of Marquis Alphonse de Montauran, also +called Le Gars. [The Chouans.] He took part in the battle of Quiberon, +and, in company with Boislaurier, took a leading part in the uprising +of the Chauffeurs of Mortagne. Several circumstances, indeed, helped +to strengthen his Royalist inclinations. Fergus found in Henriette +Bryond des Tours-Minieres (Contenson, the spy), who secretly betrayed +him. Like his accomplices, Rifoel du Vissard was executed in 1809. At +times during his anti-revolutionary campaigns he assumed the name of +Pierrot. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +VISSEMBOURG (Duc de), son of Marechal Vernon; brother of the Prince de +Chiavari; between 1835 and 1840 presided over a horticultural society, +the vice-president of which was Fabien du Ronceret. [Beatrix.] + +VITAGLIANI, tenor at the Argentina, Rome, when Zambinella took the +soprano parts in 1758. Vitagliani was acquainted with J.-E. Sarrasine. +[Sarrasine.] + +VITAL, born about 1810, a Parisian hatter, who succeeded Finot Pere, +whose store on rue du Coq was very popular about 1845, and deservedly +so, apparently. He amused J.-J. Bixiou and Leon de Lora by his +ridiculous pretensions. They wished him to supply S.-P. Gazonal with +a hat, and he proposed to sell him a hat like that of Lousteau. On +this occasion Vital showed them the head-covering that he had devised +for Claude Vignon, who was undecided in politics. Vital really +pretended to make each hat according to the personality of the person +ordering it. He praised the Prince de Bethune's hat and dreamed of the +time when high hats would go out of style. [The Unconscious +Humorists.] + +VITAL (Madame), wife of the preceding, believed in her husband's +genius and greatness. She was in the store when the hatter received a +call from Bixiou, Lora and Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +VITEL, born in 1776, Paris justice of the peace in 1845, an +acquaintance of Doctor Poulain; was succeeded by Maitre Fraisier, a +protege of the Camusot de Marvilles. [Cousin Pons.] + +VITELOT, partner of Sonet, the marble-cutter; designed tombstones. He +failed to obtain the contract for monuments to Marsay, the minister, +and to Keller, the officer. It was given to Stidmann. The plans made +by Vitelot having been retouched, were submitted to Wilhelm Schmucke +for the grave of Sylvain Pons, who was buried in Pere-Lachaise. +[Cousin Pons.] + +VITELOT (Madame), wife of the preceding, severely rebuked an agent of +the firm for bringing in as a customer W. Schmucke, heir-contestant to +the Pons property. [Cousin Pons.] + +VIVET (Madeleine), servant to the Camusot de Marvilles; during nearly +twenty-five years was their feminine Maitre-Jacques. She tried in vain +to gain Sylvain Pons for a husband, and thus to become their cousin. +Madeleine Vivet, having failed in her matrimonial attempts, took a +dislike for Pons, and persecuted him in a thousand ways. [Scenes from +a Courtesan's Life. Cousin Pons.] + +VOLFGANG,[*] cashier of Baron du Saint-Empire, F. de Nucingen, when +this well-known Parisian banker of rue Saint-Lazare fell madly in love +with Esther van Gobseck, and when Jacques Falleix's discomfiture +occurred. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +[*] He lived on rue de L'Arcade, near rue des Mathurins, Paris. + +VORDAC (Marquise de), born in 1769, mistress of the rich Lord Dudley; +she had by him a son, Henry. To legitimize this child she arranged a +marriage with Marsay, a bankrupt old gentleman of tarnished +reputation. He demanded payment of the interest on a hundred thousand +francs as a reward for his marriage, and he died without having known +his wife. The widow of Marsay became by her second marriage the well- +known Marquise de Vordac. She neglected her duties as mother until +late in life, and paid no attention to Henri de Marsay except to +propose Miss Stevens as a suitable wife for him. [The Thirteen.] + +VULPATO (La), noble Venetian, very frequently present in Fenice; about +1820 tried to interest Emilio Memmi, Prince of Varese, and Massimilla +Doni, Duchesse Cataneo, in each other. [Massimilla Doni.] + +VYDER, anagram formed from d'Ervy, and one of the three names taken +successively by Baron Hector Hulot d'Ervy, after deserting his wife. +He hid under this assumed name, when he became a petition-writer in +Paris, in the lower part of Petite Pologne, opposite rue de la +Pepiniere, on Passage du Soleil, to-day called Galerie de Cherbourg. +[Cousin Betty.] + + + +W + +WADMANN, an Englishman who owned, near the Marville estate in +Normandie, a cottage and pasture-lands, which Madame Camusot de +Marville talked of buying in 1845, when he was about to leave for +England after twenty years' sojourn in France. [Cousin Pons.] + +WAHLENFER or WALHENFER, wealthy German merchant who was murdered at +the "Red Inn," near Andenach, Rhenish Prussia, October, 1799. The deed +was done by Jean-Frederic Taillefer, then a surgeon and under- +assistant-major in the French army, who suffered his comrade, Prosper +Magnan, to be executed for the crime. Wahlenfer was a short, heavy-set +man of rotund appearance, with frank and cordial manners. He was +proprietor of a large pin-manufactory on the outskirts of Neuwied. He +was from Aix-la-Chapelle. Possibly Wahlenfer was an assumed name. [The +Red Inn.] + +WALLENROD-TUSTALL-BARTENSTILD (Baron de), born in 1742, banker at +Frankfort-on-the-Main; married in 1804, his only daughter, Bettina, to +Charles Mignon de la Bastie, then only a lieutenant in the French +army; died in 1814, following some disastrous speculations in cotton. +[Modeste Mignon.] + +WATSCHILDINE, a London firm which did business with F. de Nucingen, +the banker. On a dark autumn evening in 1821, the cashier, Rodolphe +Castanier, was surprised by the satanic John Melmoth, while he was in +the act of forging the name of his employer on some letters of credit +drawn on the Watschildine establishment. [Melmoth Reconciled.] + +WATTEBLED, grocer in Soulanges, Bourgogne, in 1823; father of the +beautiful Madame Plissoud; was in middle class society; kept a store +on the first floor of a house belonging to Soudry, the mayor. [The +Peasantry.] + +WATTEVILLE (Baron de), Besancon gentleman of Swiss descent; last +descendant of the well known Dom Jean de Watteville, the renegade Abbe +of Baumes (1613-1703); small and very thin, rather deficient mentally; +spent his life in a cabinet-maker's establishment "enjoying utter +ignorance"; collected shells and geological specimens; usually in good +humor. After living in the Comte, "like a bug in a rug," in 1815 he +married Clotilde-Louise de Rupt, who domineered over him completely. +As soon as her parents died, about 1819, he lived with her in the +beautiful Rupt house on rue de la Prefecture, a piece of property +which included a large garden extending along the rue du Perron. By +his wife, the Baron de Watteville had one daughter, whom he loved +devotedly, so much, indeed, that he lost all authority over her. M. de +Watteville died in 1836, as a result of his fall into the lake on his +estate of Rouxey, near Besancon. He was buried on an islet in this +same lake, and his wife, making great show of her sorrow, had erected +thereon a Gothic monument of marble like the one to Heloise and +Abelard in the Pere-Lachaise. [Albert Savarus.] + +WATTEVILLE (Baronne de), wife of the preceding, and after his death of +Amedee de Soulas. (See Soulas, Madame A. de.) + +WATTEVILLE (Rosalie de), only daughter of the preceding couple; born +in 1816; a blonde with colorless cheeks and pale-blue eyes; slender +and frail of body; resembled one of Albert Durer's saints. Reared +under her mother's stern oversight, accustomed to the most rigid +religious observances, kept in ignorance of all worldly matters, she +entirely concealed uner her modesty of manner and retiring disposition +her iron character, and her romantic audacity, so like that of her +great-uncle, the Abbe de Watteville; and which was increased by the +resoluteness and pride of the Rupt blood; although destined to marry +Amedee de Soulas, "la fleur de pois"[*] of Besancon, she became +enamoured of the attorney, Albert Savaron de Savarus. By successfully +carrying out her schemes she separated him from the Duchesse +d'Argaiolo, although these two were mutually in love--a separation +which caused Savarus great despair. He never knew of Rosalie's +affection for him, and withdrew to the Grande Chartreuse. Mademoiselle +de Watteville then lived for some time in Paris with her mother, who +was then the wife of Amedee de Soulas. She tried to see the Duchesse +d'Argaiolo, who, believing Savarus faithless, had given her hand to +the Duc de Rhetore. In February, 1838, on meeting her at a charity +ball given for the benefit of the former civil pensioners, Rosalie +made an appointment with her for the Opera ball, when she told her +former rival the secret of her manoeuvres against Madame de Rhetore, +and of her conduct as regards the attorney. Mademoiselle de Watteville +retired finally to Rouxey--a place which she left, only to take a trip +in 1841 on an unknown mission, from which she came back seriously +crippled, having lost an arm and a leg in a boiler explosion on a +steamboat. Henceforth she devoted her life to the exercises of +religion, and left her retreat no more. [Albert Savarus.] + +[*] Title of one of the first editions of "A Marriage Settlement." + +WERBRUST, associated with Palma, Parisian discounter on rue Saint- +Denis and rue Saint-Martin, during the Restoration; knew the story of +the glory and decay of Cesar Birotteau, the perfumer, who was mayor of +the second district; was the friend of the banker, Jean-Baptiste +d'Aldrigger, at whose burial he was present; carried on business with +the Baron de Nucingen, making a shrewd speculation when the latter +settled for the third time with his creditors in 1836. [Cesar +Birotteau. The Firm of Nucingen.] + +WERCHAUFFEN (Baron de), one of Schirmer's aliases. (See Schirmer.) + +WIERZCHOWNIA (Adam de), Polish gentleman, who, after the last division +of Poland, found refuge in Sweden, where he sought consolation in the +study of chemistry, a study for which he had always felt a strong +liking. Poverty compelled him to give up his study, and he joined the +French army. In 1809, while on the way to Douai, he was quartered for +one night with M. Balthazar Claes. During a conversation with his +host, he explained to him his ideas on the subject of "identity of +matter" and the absolute, thus bringing misfortune on a whole family, +for from that moment Balthazar Claes devoted time and money to this +quest of the absolute. Adam de Wierzchownia, while dying at Dresden, +in 1812, of a wound received during the last wars, wrote a final +letter to Balthazar Claes, informing him of the different thoughts +relative to the search in question, which had been in his mind since +their first meeting. By this writing, he increased the misfortunes of +the Claes family. Adam de Wierzchownia had an angular wasted +countenance, large head which was bald, eyes like tongues of fire, a +large mustache. His calmness of manner frightened Madame Balthazar +Claes.[*] [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +[*] Under the title of /Gold, or the Dream of a Savant/, there is a + play by Bayard and Bieville, which presents the misfortunes of the + Claes. This was given at the Gymnase, November 11, 1837, by M. + Bouffe and Madame E. Sauvage, both of whom are still alive. + +WILLEMSENS (Marie-Augusta). (See Brandon,[*] Comtesse de.) + +[*] Lady Brandon was the mother of Louis Gaston and Marie Gaston. + +WIMPHEN (De), married a friend of Madame d'Aiglemont's childhood. [A +Woman of Thirty.] + +WIMPHEN (Madame Louisa de), childhood friend of Madame Julie +d'Aiglemont in school at Ecouen. In 1814, Madame d'Aiglemont wrote to +the companion, who was then on the point of marrying, of her own +disillusionment, and confidentially advised her to remain single. This +letter, however, was not sent, for the Comtesse de Listomere-Landon, +aunt of Julie d'Aiglemont by marriage, having found out about it, +discouraged such an impropriety on the part of her niece. Unlike her +friend, Madame de Wimphen married happily. She retained the confidence +of Madame d'Aiglemont, and was present, indeed, at the important +interview between Julie and Lord Grenville. After M. de Wimphen's +arrival to accompany his wife home, these two lovers were left alone, +until the unexpected arrival of M. d'Aiglemont made it necessary for +Lord Grenville to conceal himself. The Englishman died shortly after +this as a result of the night's exposure, when he was obliged to stay +in the cold on the outside of a window-sill. This happened also +immediately after his fingers were bruised by a rapidly closed door. +[A Woman of Thirty.] + +WIRTH, valet of the banker, J.-B. d'Aldrigger; remained in the service +of Mesdames d'Aldrigger, mother and daughters, after the death of the +head of the family. He showed them the same devotion, of which he had +often given proof. Wirth was a kind of Alsatian Caleb or Gaspard, aged +and serious, but with much of the cunning mingled with his simple +nature. Seeing in Godefroid de Beaudenord a good husband for Isaure +d'Aldrigger, he was able to entrap him easily, and thus was partly +responsible for their marriage. [The Firm of Nucingen.] + +WISCH (Johann). Fictitious name given in a newspaper for Johann +Fischer, when he had been accused of peculation. [Cousin Betty.] + +WISSEMBOURG (Prince de), one of the titles of Marechal Cottin, the Duc +d'Orfano. [Cousin Betty.] + +WITSCHNAU. (See Gaudin.) + + + +X + +XIMEUSE, fief situated in Lorraine; original spelling of the name +Simeuse, which came to to be written with an S on account of its +pronunciation. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + + + +Y + +YSEMBOURG (Prince d'), marshal of France, the Conde of the Republic. +Madame Nourrisson, his confidential servant, looked upon him as a +"simpleton," because he gave two thousand francs to one of the most +renowned countesses of the Imperial Court, who came to him one day, +with streaming eyes, begging him to give her the assistance upon which +her children's life depended. She soon spent the money for a robe, +which she needed to wear so as to be dressed stylishly at an embassy +ball. This story was told by Madame Nourrisson, in 1845, to Leon de +Lora, Bixiou, and Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + + + +Z + +ZAMBINELLA, a eunuch, who sang at the Theatre Argentina, Rome, the +leading soprano parts; he was very beautiful. Sarassine, a French +sculptor, believing him to be a woman, became enamored of him, and +used him as a model for an excellent statue of Adonis, which may still +be seen at the Musee d'Albani, and which Dorlange-Sallenauve copied +nearly a century later. When he was over eighty years old and very +wealthy, Zambinella lived, under the Restoration, with his niece, who +was wife of the mysterious Lanty. While residing with the Lantys +Zambinella died in Rome, 1830. The early life of Zambinella was +unknown to the Parisian world. A mesmerist believed the old man, who +was a sort of traveling mummy, to be the famous Balsamo, also known as +Cagliostro, while the Bailli de Ferette took him to be the Comte de +Saint-Germain. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] + +ZARNOWICKI (Roman[*]), Polish general who, as a refugee in Paris, +lived on the ground floor of the little two-story house on rue de +Marbeuf, of which Doctor Halpersohn occupied the other floor in 1836. +[The Seamy Side of History.] + +[*] Probably a given name. + + + +NOTE. + +The /Repertory of the Comedie Humaine/, as the reader can see for +himself, should include only those episodes introducing characters +inter-related and continually recurring. Consequently, the stories +entitled /The Exiles/, /About Catherine de Medici/, /Maitre +Cornelius/, /The Unknown Masterpiece/, /The Elixir of Life/, /Christ +in Flanders/, which antedate the eighteenth century, and /Seraphita/, +which deals with the supernatural, are omitted, together with the +/Analytical Studies/. But /The Hated Son/ furnishes some indispensable +information concerning a few biographies. The /Dramas/ are outside the +action of the /Comedie/, so contribute no names. + +According to Theophile Gautier, /The Comedie Humaine/ embraces two +thousand characters. His reckoning is nearly exact; but as a result of +cross-references, surnames, assumed names and the like, that number is +far exceeded in this work, which, nevertheless, omits many characters +outside the action, as: Chevet, Decamps, Delacroix, Finot Sr., the +child of Calyste and Sabine du Guenic, Noemi Magus, Meyerbeer, +Herbaut, Houbigant, Tanrade, Mousqueton, Arnal, Barrot, Bonald, +Berryer, Gautier, Gozlan, Hugo, Hyacinthe, Lafont, Lamartine, +Lassailly, F. Lemaitre, Charles X., Louis Philippe, Odry, Talma, +Thiers, Villele, Rossini, Rousseau, Mlle. Dejazet, Mlle. Georges, etc. + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg Etext of Repertory of the Comedie Humaine Pt 1 + diff --git a/2469.zip b/2469.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..66d91d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/2469.zip diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. 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FOR PUBLIC DOMAIN ETEXTS*Ver.04.29.93*END* + + + + + +Etext prepared by Dagny, dagnyj@hotmail.com +and Emma Dudding, emma_302@hotmail.com + + +End of Project Gutenberg Etext of Repertory of the Comedie Humaine Pt 1 + + + +Etext prepared by Dagny, dagnyj@hotmail.com +Emma Dudding, emma_302@hotmail.com +and John Bickers, jbickers@ihug.co.nz + + + + + +REPERTORY OF THE COMEDIE HUMAINE +PART II, L -- Z + + + +L + +LA BASTIE (Monsieur, Madame and Mademoiselle de). (See Mignon.) + +LA BASTIE LA BRIERE (Ernest de), member of a good family of Toulouse, +born in 1802; very similar in appearance to Louis XIII.; from 1824 to +1829, private secretary to the minister of finances. On the advice of +Madame d'Espard, and thus being of service to Eleonore de Chaulieu, he +became secretary to Melchior de Canalis and, at the same time, +referendary of the Cour des Comptes. He became a chevalier of the +Legion of Honor. In 1829 he conducted for Canalis a love romance by +correspondence, the heroine of the affair being Marie-Modeste-Mignon +de la Bastie (of Havre). He played this part so successfully that she +fell in love and marriage was agreed upon. This union, which made him +the wealthy Vicomte de la Bastie la Briere, was effected the following +February in 1830. Canalis and the minister of 1824 were witnesses for +Ernest de la Briere, who fully deserved his good fortune. [The +Government Clerks. Modeste Mignon.] + +LA BASTIE LA BRIERE (Madame Ernest de), wife of the preceding, born +Marie-Modeste Mignon about 1809, younger daughter of Charles Mignon de +la Bastie and of Bettina Mignon de la Bastie--born Wallenrod. In 1829, +while living with her family at Havre, with the same love, evoked by a +passion for literature, which Bettina Brentano d'Arnim conceived for +Goethe, she fell in love with Melchior de Canalis; she wrote +frequently to the poet in secret, and he responded through the medium +of Ernest de la Briere; thus there sprang up between the young girl +and the secretary a mutual love which resulted in marriage. The +witnesses for Marie-Modeste Mignon were the Duc d'Herouville and +Doctor Desplein. As one of the most envied women in Parisian circles, +in the time of Louis Philippe, she became the close friend of Mesdames +de l'Estorade and Popinot. [Modeste Mignon. The Member for Arcis. +Cousin Betty.] La Bastie is sometimes written La Batie. + +LA BAUDRAYE[*] (Jean-Athanase-Polydore Milaud de), born in 1780 in +Berry, descended from the simple family of Milaud, recently enobled. +M. de la Baudraye's father was a good financier of pleasing +disposition; his mother was a Casteran la Tour. He was in poor health, +his weak constitution being the heritage left him by an immoral +father. His father, on dying, also left him a large number of notes to +which were affixed the noble signatures of the emigrated aristocracy. +His avarice aroused, Polydore de la Baudraye occupied himself, at the +time of the Restoration, with collecting these notes; he made frequent +trips to Paris; negotiated with Clement Chardin des Lupeaulx at the +Hotel de Mayence; obtained, under a promise, afterwards executed, to +sell them profitably, some positions and titles, and became +successively auditor of the seals, baron, officer of the Legion of +Honor and master of petitions. The individual receivership of +Sancerre, which became his also, was bought by Gravier. M. de la +Baudraye did not leave Sancerre; he married towards 1823 Mademoiselle +Dinah Piedefer, became a person of large property following his +acquisition to the castle and estate of Anzy, settled this property +with the title upon a natural son of his wife; he so worked upon her +feelings as to get from her the power of attorney and signature, +sailed for America, and became rich through a large patrimony left him +by Silas Piedefer--1836-42. At that time he owned in Paris a stately +mansion, on rue de l'Arcade, and upon winning back his wife, who had +left him, he placed her in it as mistress. He now became count, +commander of the Legion of Honor, and peer of France. Frederic de +Nucingen received him as such and served him as sponsor, when, in the +summer of 1842, the death of Ferdinand d'Orleans necessitated the +presence of M. de la Baudraye at Luxembourg. [The Muse of the +Department.] + +[*] The motto on the Baudraye coat-of-arms was: "Deo patet sic fides + et hominibus." + +LA BAUDRAYE (Madame Polydore Milaud de), wife of the preceding, born +Dinah Piedefer in 1807 or 1808 in Berry; daughter of the Calvinist, +Moise Piedefer; niece of Silas Piedefer, from whom she inherited a +fortune. She was brilliantly educated at Bourges, in the Chamarolles +boarding-school, with Anna de Fontaine, born Grosstete--1819. Five +years later, through personal ambition, she gave up Protestantism, +that she might gain the protection of the Cardinal-Archbishop of +Bourges, and a short time after her conversion she was married, about +1823. For thirteen consecutive years, at least, Madame de la Baudraye +reigned in the city of Sancerre and in her country-house, Chateau +d'Anzy, at Saint-Satur near by. Her court was composed of a strange +mixture of people: the Abbe Duret and Messieurs Clagny, Gravier, +Gatien Boirouge. At first, only Clagny and Duret know of the literary +attempts of Jan Diaz, pseudonym of Madame de la Baudraye, who had just +bought the artistic furniture of the Rougets of Issoudun, and who +invited and received two "Parisiens de Sancerre," Horace Bianchon and +Etienne Lousteau, in September 1836. A liaison followed with Etienne +Lousteau, with whom Madame de la Baudraye lived on rue des Martyrs in +Paris from 1837 to 1839. As a result of this union she had two sons, +recognized later by M. de la Baudraye. Madame de la Baudraye now +putting into use the talent, neglected during her love affair, became +a writer. She wrote "A Prince of Bohemia," founded on an anecodote +related to her by Raoul Nathan, and probably published this novel. The +fear of endless scandal, the entreaties of husband and mother, and the +unworthiness of Lousteau, finally led Dinah de la Baudraye to rejoin +her husband, who owned an elegant mansion on rue de l'Arcade. This +return, which took place in May, 1842, surprised Madame d'Espard, a +woman who was not easily astonished. Paris of the reign of Louis +Philippe often quoted Dinah de la Baudraye and paid considerable +attention to her. During this same year, 1842, she assisted in the +first presentation of Leon Gozlan's drama, "The Right Hand and the +Left Hand," given at the Odeon. [The Muse of the Department. A Prince +of Bohemia. Cousin Betty.] + +LA BERGE (De), confessor of Madame de Mortsauf at Clochegourde, strict +and virtuous. He died in 1817, mourned on account of his "apostolic +strength," by his patron, who appointed as his successor the over- +indulgent Francois Birotteau. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +LA BERTELLIERE, father of Madame la Gaudiniere, grandfather of Madame +Felix Grandet, was lieutenant in the French Guards; he died in 1806, +leaving a large fortune. He considered investments a "waste of money." +Nearly twenty years later his portrait was still hanging in the hall +of Felix Grandet's house at Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] + +LA BILLARDIERE (Anthanase-Jean-Francoise-Michel, Baron Flamet de), son +of a counselor in the Parliament of Bretagne, took part in the Vendean +wars as a captain under the name of Nantais, and as negotiator played +a singular part at Quiberon. The Restoration rewarded the services of +this unintelligent member of the petty nobility, whose Catholicism was +more lukewarm than his love of monarchy. He became mayor of the second +district of Paris, and division-chief in the Bureau of Finances, +thanks to his kinship with a deputy on the Right. He was one of the +guests at the famous ball given by his deputy, Cesar Birotteau, whom +he had known for twenty years. On his death-bed, at the close of +December, 1824, he had designated, although without avail, as his +successor, Xavier Rabourdin, one of the division-chiefs and real +director of the bureau of which La Billiardiere was the nominal head. +The newspapers published obituaries of the deceased. The short notice +prepared jointly by Chardin des Lupeaulx, J.-J. Bixiou and F. du +Bruel, enumerated the many titles and decorations of Flamet de la +Billardiere, gentleman of the king's bedchamber, etc., etc. [The +Chouans. Cesar Birotteau. The Government Clerks.] + +LA BILLARDIERE (Benjamin, Chevalier de), son of the preceding, born in +1802. He was a companion of the young Vicomte de Portenduere in 1824, +being at the time a rich supernumerary in the office of Isidore +Baudoyer under the division of his father, Flamet de la Billardiere. +His insolence and foppishness gave little cause for regret when he +left the Bureau of Finances for the Department of Seals in the latter +part of the same year, 1824, that marked the expected and unlamented +death of Baron Flamet de la Billardiere. [The Government Clerks.] + +LA BLOTTIERE (Mademoiselle Merlin de), under the Restoration, a kind +of dowager and canoness at Tours; in company with Mesdames Pauline +Salomon de Villenoix and de Listomere, upheld, received and welcomed +Francois Birotteau. [The Vicar of Tours.] + +LABRANCHOIR (Comte de), owner of an estate in Dauphine under the +Restoration, and, as such, a victim of the depredations of the +poacher, Butifer. [The Country Doctor.] + +LA BRIERE (Ernest de). (See La Bastie la Briere.) + +LACEPEDE (Comte de), a celebrated naturalist, born at Agen in 1756, +died at Paris in 1825. Grand chancelor of the Legion of Honor for +several years towards the beginning of the nineteenth century. This +well-known philosopher was invited to Cesar Birotteau's celebrated +ball, December 17, 1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +LA CHANTERIE (Le Chantre de), of a Norman family dating from the +crusade of Philippe Auguste, but which had fallen into obscurity by +the end of the eighteenth century; he owned a small fief between Caen +and Saint-Lo. M. le Chantre de la Chanterie had amassed in the +neighborhood of three hundred thousand crowns by supplying the royal +armies during the Hanoverian war. He died during the Revolution, but +before the Terror. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +LA CHANTERIE (Baron Henri Le Chantre de), born in 1763, son of the +preceding, shrewd, handsome and seductive. When master of petitions in +the Grand Council of 1788, he married Mademoiselle Barbe-Philiberte de +Champignelles. Ruined during the Restoration through having lost his +position and thrown away his inheritance, Henri Le Chantre de la +Chanterie became one of the most cruel presidents of the revolutionary +courts and was the terror of Normandie. Imprisoned after the ninth +Thermidor, he owed his escape to his wife, by means of an exchange of +clothing. He did not see her more than three times during eight years, +the last meeting being in 1802, when, having become a bigamist, he +returned to her home to die of a disgraceful disease, leaving, at the +same time, a second wife, likewise ruined. This last fact was not made +public until 1804. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +LA CHANTERIE (Baronne Henri Le Chantre de), wife of the preceding, +born Barbe-Philiberte de Champignelles in 1772, a descendant of one of +the first families of Lower Normandie. Married in 1788, she received +in her home, fourteen years later, the dying man whose name she bore, +a bigamist fleeing from justice. By him she had a daughter, Henriette, +who was executed in 1809 for having been connected with the Chauffeurs +in Orne. Unjustly accused herself, and imprisoned in the frightful +Bicetre of Rouen, the baroness began to instruct in morals the sinful +women among whom she found herself thrown. The fall of the Empire was +her deliverance. Twenty years later, being part owner of a house in +Paris, Madame de la Chanterie undertook the training of Godefroid. She +was then supporting a generous private philanthropic movement, with +the help of Manon Godard and Messieurs de Veze, de Montauran, Mongenod +and Alain. Madame de la Chanterie aided the Bourlacs and the Mergis, +an impoverished family of magistrates who had persecuted her in 1809. +Her Christian works were enlarged upon. In 1843 the baroness became +head of a charitable organization which was striving to consecrate, +according to law and religion, the relations of those living in free +union. To this end she selected one member of the society, Adeline +Hulot d'Ervy, and sent her to Passage du Soleil, then a section of +Petite-Pologne, to try to bring about the marriage of Vyder--Hector +Hulot d'Ervy--and Atala Judici. [The Seamy Side of History. Cousin +Betty.] The Revolution having done away with titles, Madame de la +Chanterie called herself momentarily Madame, or Citizeness, Lechantre. + +LACROIX, restaurant-keeper on Place du Marche, Issoudun, 1822, in +whose house the Bonapartist officers celebrated the crowning of the +Emperor. On December 2, of the same year, the duel between Philippe +Bridau and Maxence took place after the entertainment. [A Bachelor's +Establishment.] + +LAFERTE (Nicolas). (See Cochegrue, Jean.) + +LA GARDE (Madame de). (See Aquilina.) + +LA GAUDINIERE (Madame), born La Bertelliere, mother of Madame Felix +Grandet; very avaricious; died in 1806; leaving the Felix Grandets an +inheritance, "the amount of which no one knew." [Eugenie Grandet.] + +LAGINSKI (Comte Adam Mitgislas), a wealthy man who had been +proscribed, belonged to one of the oldest and most illustrious +families of Poland, and counted among his relations the Sapiehas, the +Radziwills, the Mniszechs, the Rezwuskis, the Czartoriskis, the +Lecszinskis, and the Lubomirskis. He had relations in the German +nobility and his mother was a Radziwill. Young, plain, yet with a +certain distinguished bearing, with an income of eighty thousand +francs, Laginski was a leading light in Paris, during the reign of +Louis Philippe. After the Revolution of July, while still +unsophisticated, he attended an entertainment at the home of Felicite +des Touches in Chaussee-d'Antin on rue du Mont-Blanc, and had the +opportunity of listening to the delightful chats between Henri de +Marsay and Emile Blondet. Comte Adam Laginski, during the autumn of +1835, married the object of his affections, Mademoiselle Clementine du +Rouvre, niece of the Ronquerolles. The friendship of his steward, Paz, +saved him from the ruin into which his creole-like carelessness, his +frivolity and his recklessness were dragging him. He lived in perfect +contentment with his wife, ignorant of the domestic troubles which +were kept from his notice. Thanks to the devotion of Paz and of Madame +Laginska, he was cured of a malady which had been pronounced fatal by +Doctor Horace Bianchon. Comte Adam Laginski lived on rue de la +Pepiniere, now absorbed in part by rue de la Boetie. He occupied one +of the most palatial and artistic houses of the period, so called, of +Louis Philippe. He attended the celebration given in 1838 at the first +opening of Josepha Mirah's residence on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. In +this same year he attended the wedding of Wenceslas Steinbock. +[Another Study of Woman. The Imaginary Mistress. Cousin Betty.] + +LAGINSKA (Comtesse Adam), born Clementine du Rouvre in 1816, wife of +the preceding, niece, on her mother's side, of the Marquis de +Ronquerolles and of Madame de Serizy. She was one of the charming +group of young women, which included Mesdames de l'Estorade, de +Portenduere, Marie de Vandenesse, du Guenic and de Maufrigneuse. +Captain Paz was secretly in love with the countess, who, becoming +aware of her steward's affection, ended by having very nearly the same +kind of feeling for him. The unselfish virtue of Paz was all that +saved her; not only at this juncture, but in another more dangerous +one, when he rescued her from M. de la Palferine, who was escorting +her to the Opera ball and who was on the point of taking her to a +private room in a restaurant--January, 1842. [The Imaginary Mistress.] + +LAGOUNIA (Perez de), woolen-draper at Tarragone in Catalonia, in the +time of Napoleon, under obligations to La Marana. He reared as his own +daughter, in a very pious manner, Juana, a child of the celebrated +Italian courtesan, until her mother visited her, during the time of +the French occupation in 1808. [The Maranas.] + +LAGOUNIA (Donna de), wife of the preceding, divided with him the care +of Juana Marana until the girl's mother came to Tarragone at the time +it was sacked by the French. [The Maranas.] + +LA GRAVE (Mesdemoiselles), kept a boarding-house in 1824 on rue Notre- +Dame-des Champs in Paris. In this house M. and Madame Phellion gave +lessons. [The Government Clerks.] + +LAGUERRE (Mademoiselle), given name, probably, Sophie, born in 1740, +died in 1815, one of the most celebrated courtesans of the eighteenth +century; opera singer, and fervent follower of Piccini. In 1790, +frightened by the march of public affairs, she established herself at +the Aigues, in Bourgogne, property procured for her by Bouret, from +its former owner. Before Buoret, the grandfather of La Palferine, +entertained her, and she brought about his ruin. The recklessness of +this woman, surrounded as she was by such notorious knaves as +Gaubertin, Fourchon, Tonsard, and Madame Soudry, prepared no little +trouble for Montcornet, the succeeding proprietor. Sophie Laguerre's +fortune was divided among eleven families of poor farmers, all living +in the neighborhood of Amiens, who were ignorant of their relationship +with her. [The Peasantry. A Prince of Bohemia.] M. H. Gourdon de +Genouillac wrote a biography of the singer, containing many details +which are at variance with the facts here cited. Among other things we +are told that the given name of Mademoiselle Laguerre was Josephine +and not Sophie. + +LA HAYE (Mademoiselle de). (See Petit-Claud, Madame.) + +LAMARD, probably a rival of Felix Gaudissart. In a cafe in Blois, May, +1831, he praised the well-known commercial traveler, who treated him, +nevertheless, as a "little cricket." [Gaudissart the Great.] + +LAMBERT (Louis), born in 1797 at Montoire in Loire-et-Cher. Only son +of simple tanners, who did not try to counteract his inclination, +shown when a mere child, for study. He was sent in 1807 to Lefebvre, a +maternal uncle, who was vicar of Mer, a small city on the Loire near +Blois. Under the kindly care of Madame de Stael, he was a student in +the college of Vendome from 1811 to 1814. Lambert met there Barchon de +Penhoen and Jules Dufaure. He was apparently a poor scholar, but +finally developed into a prodigy; he suffered the persecutions of +Father Haugoult, by whose brutal hands his "Treatise on the Will," +composed during class hours, was seized and destroyed. The +mathematician had already doubled his capacity by becoming a +philosopher. His comrades had named him Pythagoras. His course +completed, and his father being dead, Louis Lambert lived for two +years at Blois, with Lefebvre, until, growing desirous of seeing +Madame de Stael, he journeyed to Paris on foot, arriving July 14, +1817. Not finding his illustrious benefactress alive, he returned home +in 1820. During these three years Lambert lived the life of a workman, +became a close friend of Meyraux, and was cherished and admired as a +member of the Cenacle on rue des Quatre-Vents, which was presided over +by Arthez. Once more he went to Blois, journeyed over Touraine, and +became acquainted with Pauline Salomon de Villenoix, whom he loved +with a passion that was reciprocated. He had suffered from brain +trouble previous to their engagement, and as the wedding day +approached the disease grew constantly worse, although occasionally +there were periods of relief. During one of these good periods, in +1822, Lambert met the Cambremers at Croisic, and on the suggestion of +Pauline de Villenoix, he made a study of their history. The malady +returned, but was interrupted occasionally by outburts of beautiful +thought, the fragments of which were collected by Mademoiselle +Salomon. Louis had likewise occasional fits of insanity. He believed +himself powerless and wished, one day, to perform on his own body +Origene's celebrated operation. Lambert died September 25, 1824, the +day before the date selected for his marriage with Pauline. [Louis +Lambert. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Seaside Tragedy.] + +LAMBERT (Madame), lived in Paris in 1840. She was then at a very pious +age, "played the saint," and performed the duties of housekeeper for +M. Picot, professor of mathematics, No. 9, rue du Val-de-Grace. In the +service of this old philosopher she reaped enormous profits. Madame +Lambert hypocritically took advantage of her apparent devotion to him. +She sought Theodose de la Peyrade, and begged him to write a memorial +to the Academy in her favor, for she longed to receive the reward +offered by Montyon. At the same time she put into La Peyrade's keeping +twenty-five thousand francs, which she had accumulated by her +household thefts. On this occasion, Madame Lambert seems to have been +the secret instrument of Corentin, the famous police-agent. [The +Middle Classes.] + +LANGEAIS (Duc de), a refugee during the Restoration, who planned, at +the time of the Terror, by correspondence with the Abbe de Marolles +and the Marquis de Beauseant to help escape from Paris, where they +were in hiding, two nuns, one of whom, Sister Agathe, was a Langeais. +[An Episode Under the Terror.] In 1812 Langeais married Mademoiselle +Antoinette de Navarreins, who was then eighteen years old. He allowed +his wife every liberty, and, neither abandoning any of his habits, nor +giving up any of his pleasures, he lived, indeed, apart from her. In +1818 Langeais commanded a division in the army and occupied a position +at court. He died in 1823. [The Thirteen.] + +LANGEAIS (Duchesse Antoinette de),[*] wife of the preceding, daughter +of the Duc de Navarreins; born in 1794; reared by the Princesse de +Blamont-Chauvry, her aunt; grand-niece of the Vidame de Pamiers; niece +of the Duc de Grandlieu by her marriage. Very beautiful and +intelligent, Madame de Langeais reigned in Paris at the beginning of +the Restoration. In 1819 her best friend was the Vicomtesse Claire de +Beauseant, whom she wounded cruelly, for her own amusement, calling on +her one morning for the express purpose of announcing the marriage of +the Marquis d'Ajuda-Pinto. Of this pitiless proceeding she repented +later, and asked pardon, moreover, of the foresaken woman. Soon +afterwards the Duchesse de Langeais had the pleasure of captivating +the Marquis de Montriveau, playing for him the role of Celimene and +making him suffer greatly. He had his revenge, however, for, scorned +in her turn, or believing herself scorned, she suddenly disappeared +from Paris, after having scandalized the whole Saint-Germain community +by remaining in her carriage for a long time in front of the +Montriveau mansion. Some bare-footed Spanish Carmelites received her +on their island in the Mediterranean, where she became Sister Therese. +After prolonged searching Montriveau found her, and, in the presence +of the mother-superior, had a conversation with her as she stood +behind the grating. Finally he managed to carry her off--dead. In this +bold venture the marquis was aided by eleven of The Thirteen, among +them being Ronquerolles and Marsay. The duchess, having lost her +husband, was free at the time of her death in 1824. [Father Goriot. +The Thirteen.] + +[*] At the Vaudeville and Gaite theatres in Paris, Ancelot and Alexis + Decomberousse at the former, and Messieurs Ferdinand Dugue and + Peaucellier at the latter, brought out plays founded on the life + of Antoinette de Langeais, in 1834 and 1868 respectively. + +LANGEAIS (Mademoiselle de). (See Agathe, Sister.) + +LANGLUME, miller, a jolly impulsive little man, in 1823 deputy-mayor +of Blangy in Bourgogne, at the time of the political, territorial and +financial contests of which the country was the theatre, with Rigou +and Montcornet as actors. He was of great service to Genevieve +Niseron's paternal grandfather. [The Peasantry.] + +LANGUET, vicar, built Saint-Sulpice, and was an acquaintance of +Toupillier, who asked alms in 1840 at the doors of this church in +Paris, which since 1860 has been one of the sixth ward parish +churches. [The Middle Classes.] + +LANSAC (Duchesse de), of the younger branch of the Parisian house of +Navarreins, 1809, the proud woman who shone under Louis XV. The +Duchesse de Lansac, in November of the same year, consented, one +evening, to meet Isemberg, Montcornet, and Martial de la Roche-Hugon +in Malin de Gondreville's house, for the purpose of conciliating her +nephew and niece in their domestic quarrel. [Domestic Peace.] + +LANTIMECHE, born in 1770. In 1840, at Paris, a penniless journeyman +locksmith and inventor, he went to the money-lender, Cerizet, on rue +des Poules, to borrow a hundred francs. [The Middle Classes.] + +LANTY (Comte de), owner of an expensive mansion near the Elysee- +Bourbon, which he had bought from the Marechal de Carigliano. He gave +there under the Restoration some magnificent entertainments, at which +were present the upper classes of Parisian society, ignorant, though +they were, of the count's lineage. Lanty, who was a mysterious man, +passed for a clever chemist. He had married the rich niece of the +peculiar eunuch, Zambinella, by whom he had two children, Marianina +and Filippo. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] + +LANTY (Comtesse de), wife of the preceding, born in 1795, niece and +likewise adopted daughter of the wealthy eunuch, Zambinella, was the +mistress of M. de Maucombe, by whom she had a daughter, Marianina de +Lanty. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] + +LANTY (Marianina de), daughter of the preceding and according to law +of the Comte de Lanty, although she was in reality the daughter of M. +de Maucombe; born in 1809. She bore a striking resemblance to her +sister, Renee de l'Estorade, born Maucombe. In 1825 she concealed, and +lavished care on her great-uncle, Zambinella. During her parents' +sojourn in Rome she took lessons in sculpture of Charles Dorlange, who +afterwards, in 1839, became a member for Arcis, under the name of +Comte de Sallenauve. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] + +LANTY (Filippo de), younger brother of the preceding, second child of +the Comte and the Comtesse de Lanty. Being young and handsome he was +an attendant at the fetes given by his parents during the Restoration. +By his marriage, which took place under Louis Philippe, he became +allied with the family of a German grand duke. [Sarrasine. The Member +for Arcis.] + +LA PALFERINE (Gabriel-Jean-Anne-Victor-Benjamin-Georges-Ferdinand- +Charles-Edouard-Rusticoli, Comte de), born in 1802; of an ancient +Italian family which had become impoverished; grandson on the paternal +side of one of the protectors of Josephine-Sophie Laguerre; descended +indirectly from the Comtesse Albany--whence his given name of Charles- +Edouard. He had in his veins the mixed blood of the condottiere and +the gentleman. Under Louis Philippe, idle and fast going to ruin, with +his Louis XIII. cast of countenance, his evil-minded wit, his lofty +independent manners, insolent yet winning, he was a type of the +brilliant Bohemian of the Boulevard de Gand; so much so, that Madame +de la Baudraye, basing her information on points furnished her by +Nathan, one day drew a picture of him, writing a description in which +artificiality and artlessness were combined. In this were many +interesting touches: La Palferine's contempt shown at all times for +the bourgeois class and forms of government; the request for the +return of his toothbrush, then in the possession of a deserted +mistress, Antonia Chocardelle; his relations with Madame du Bruel, +whom he laid siege to, won, and neglected--a yielding puppet, of whom, +strange to say, he broke the heart and made the fortune. He lived at +that time in the Roule addition, in a plain garret, where he was in +the habit of receiving Zephirin Marcas. The wretchedness of his +quarters did not keep La Palferine out of the best society, and he was +the guest of Josepha Mirah at the first entertainment given in her +house on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. By a strange order of events, Comte +Rusticoli became Beatrix de Rochefide's lover, a few years after the +events just narrated, at a time when the Debats published a novel by +him which was spoken of far and wide. Nathan laid the foundation for +this affair. Trailles, Charles-Edouard's master, carried on the +negotiations and brought the intrigue to a consummation, being urged +on by the Abbe Brossette's assent and the Duchesse de Grandlieu's +request. La Palferine's liaison with Madame de Rochefide effected a +reconciliation between Calyste du Guenic and his wife. In the course +of time, however, Comte Rusticoli deserted Beatrix and sent her back +to her husband, Arthur de Rochefide. During the winter of 1842 La +Palferine was attracted to Madame de Laginska, had some meetings with +her, but failed in this affair through the intervention of Thaddee +Paz. [A Prince of Bohemia. A Man of Business. Cousin Betty. Beatrix. +The Imaginary Mistress.] + +LA PEYRADE (Charles-Marie-Theodose de), born near Avignon in 1813, one +of eleven children of the police-agent Peyrade's youngest brother, who +lived in poverty on a small estate called Canquoelle; a bold +Southerner of fair skin; given to reflection; ambitious, tactful and +astute. In 1829 he left the department of Vaucluse and went to Paris +on foot in search of Peyrade who, he had reason to believe, was +wealthy, but of whose business he was ignorant. Theodose departed +through the Barriere d'Enfer, which has been destroyed since 1860, at +the moment when Jacques Collin murdered his uncle. At that time he +entered a house of ill-fame, where he had unwittingly for mistress +Lydie Peyrade, his full-blooded cousin. Theodose then lived for three +years on a hundred louis which Corentin had secretly given to him. On +giving him the money, the national chief of police quietly advised him +to become an attorney. Journalism, however, at first, seemed a +tempting career to M. de la Peyrade, and he went into politics, +finally becoming editor of a paper managed by Cerizet. The failure of +this journal left Theodose once more very poor. Nevertheless, through +Corentin, who secretly paid the expenses of his studies, he was able +to begin and continue a course in law. Once licensed, M. de la Peyrade +became a barrister and professing to be entirely converted to +Socialism, he freely pleaded the cause of the poor before the +magistrate of the eleventh or twelfth district. He occupied the third +story of the Thuillier house on rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer. He fell +into the hands of Dutocq and Cerizet and suffered under the pressure +of these grasping creditors. Theodose now decided that he would marry +M. Thuillier's natural daughter, Mademoiselle Celeste Colleville, but, +with Felix Phellion's love to contend with, despite the combined +support, gained with difficulty, of Madame Colleville and of M. and +Mademoiselle Thuillier, he failed through Corentin's circumvention. +His marriage with Lydie Peyrade repaired the wrong which he had +formerly done unwittingly. As successor to Corentin he became national +chief-of-police in 1840. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Middle +Classes.] + +LA PEYRADE (Madame de), first cousin and wife of the preceding, born +Lydie Peyrade in 1810, natural daughter of the police officer Peyrade +and of Mademoiselle Beaumesnil; passed her childhood successively in +Holland and in Paris, on rue des Moineaux, whence, Jacques Collin, +thirsting for revenge, abducted her during the Restoration. Being +somewhat in love, at that time, with Lucien de Rubempre she was taken +to a house of ill-fame, Peyrade being at the time very ill. Upon her +departure she was insane. Her own cousin, Theodose de la Peyrade, had +been her lover there, fortuitously and without dreaming that they were +blood relatives. Corentin adopted this insane girl, who was a talented +musician and singer, and at his home on rue Honore-Chevalier, in 1840, +he arranged for both the cure and the marriage of his ward. [Scenes +from a Courtesan's Life. The Middle Classes.] + +LA POURAILLE, usual surname of Dannepont. + +LARAVINIERE, tavern-keeper in Western France, lodged "brigands" who +had armed themselves as Royalists under the first Empire. He was +condemned, either by Bourlac or Mergi, to five years in prison. [The +Seamy Side of History.] + +LARDOT (Madame), born in 1771, lived in Alencon in 1816 on rue du +Cours--a street still bearing the same name. She was a laundress, and +took as boarders a relative named Grevin and the Chevalier de Valois. +She had among her employes Cesarine and Suzanne, afterwards Madame +Theodore Gaillard. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +LAROCHE, born in 1763 at Blangy in Bourgogne, was, in 1823, an aged +vine-dresser, who felt a calm, relentless hatred for the rich, +especially the Montcornets, occupants of Aigues. [The Peasantry.] + +LA ROCHE (Sebastien de), born early in the nineteenth century, was +probably the son of an unpretentious, retired Treasury clerk. In +December, 1824, he found himself in Paris, poor, but capable and +zealous, as a supernumerary in the office of Xavier Rabourdin of the +Department of Finance. He lived with his widowed mother in the busiest +part of Marais on rue du Roi-Dore. M. and Madame Rabourdin received +and gave him assistance by preparing a copy of a rare and mysterious +government work. The discovery of this book by Dutocq unfortunately +resulted in the discharge of both chief and clerk. [The Government +Clerks.] + +LA ROCHE-GUYON (De), the eldest of one of the oldest families in the +section of Orne, at one time connected with the Esgrignons, who +visited them frequently. In 1805 he sued vainly, through Maitre +Chesnel, for the hand of Armande d'Esgrignon. [Jealousies of a Country +Town.] + +LA ROCHE-HUGON (Martial de), shrewd, turbulent and daring Southerner, +had a long and brilliant administrative career in politics. Even in +1809 the Council of State employed him as one of the masters of +petitions. Napoleon Bonaparte was patron of this young Provencal. +Also, in November of the same year, Martial was invited to the fete +given by Malin de Gondreville--a celebration which the Emperor was +vainly expected to attend. Montcornet was present, also the Duchesse +de Lansac, who succeeded in bringing about a reconciliation between +her nephew and niece, M. and Madame de Soulanges. M. de la Roche- +Hugon's mistress, Madame de Vaudremont, was also in attendance at this +ball. For five years he had enjoyed a close friendship with +Montcornet, and this bond was lasting. In 1815 the securing of Aigues +for Montcornet was undertaken by Martial, who had served as prefect +under the Empire, and retained his office under the Bourbons. Thus +from 1821 to 1823 M. de la Roche-Hugon was at the head of the +department in Bourgogne, which contained Aigues and Ville-aux-Fayes, +M. des Lupeaulx's sub-prefecture. A dismissal from this office, to +which the Comte de Casteran succeeded, threw Martial into the +opposition among the Liberalists, but this was for a short time, as he +soon accepted an embassy. Louis Philippe's government honored M. de la +Roche-Hugon by making him minister, ambassador, and counselor of +state. Eugene de Rastignac, who had favored him before, now gave him +one of his sisters in marriage. Several children resulted from this +union. Martial continued to remain influential and associated with the +popular idols of the time, M. and Madame de l'Estorade. His relations +with the national chief of police, Corentin, in 1840, were also +indicative of his standing. As a deputy the next year M. de la Roche- +Hugon probably filled the directorship in the War Department, left +vacant by Hector Hulot. [Domestic Peace. The Peasantry. A Daughter of +Eve. The Member for Arcis. The Middle Classes. Cousin Betty.] + +LA ROCHE-HUGON (Madame Martial de). (See Rastignac, Mesdemoiselles +de.) + +LA RODIERE (Stephanie de). (See Nueil, Madame Gaston de.) + +LA ROULIE (Jacquin), chief huntsman of the Prince de Cadignan, took +part with his master, in 1829, in the exciting hunt given in +Normandie, in which as spectators or riders were the Mignons de la +Bastie, the Maufrigneuses, the Herouvilles, M. de Canalis, Eleonore de +Chaulieu and Ernest de la Briere. Jacquin la Roulie was at that time +an old man and a firm believer in the French school; he had an +argument with John Barry, another guest, who defended English +principles. [Modeste Mignon.] + +LARSONNIERE (M. and Madame de), formed the aristocracy of the little +city of Saumur, of which Felix Grandet had been mayor in the years +just previous to the First Empire. [Eugenie Grandet.] + +LA THAUMASSIERE (De), grandson of the Berry historian, a young land- +owner, the dandy of Sancerre. While present in Madame de la Baudraye's +parlor, he had the misfortune to yawn during an exposition which she +was giving, for the fourth time, of Kant's philosophy; he was +henceforth looked upon as a man completely lacking in understanding +and in soul. [The Muse of the Department.] + +LATOURNELLE (Simon-Babylas), born in 1777, was notary at Havre, where +he had bought the most extensive practice for one hundred thousand +francs, lent him in 1817 by Charles Mignon de la Bastie. He married +Mademoiselle Agnes Labrosse, having by her one son, Exupere. He +remained the intimate friend of his benefactors, the Mignons. [Modeste +Mignon.] + +LATOURNELLE (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Agnes Labrosse, +daughter to the clerk of the court of first instance at Havre. Tall +and ungainly of figure, a bourgeoise of rather ancient tastes, at the +same time good-hearted, she had somewhat late in life, by her +marriage, a son whose given name was Exupere. She entertained Jean +Butscha. Madame Latournelle was a frequent visitor of the Mignons de +la Bastie, and at all times testified her affection for them. [Modeste +Mignon.] + +LATOURNELLE (Exupere), son of the preceding couple, went with them to +visit the Mignons de la Bastie, towards the end of the Restoration. He +was then a tall, insignificant young man. [Modeste Mignon.] + +LAUDIGEOIS, married, head of a family, typical petty bourgeois, +employed during the Restoration by the mayor of the eleventh or +twelfth ward in Paris, a position from which he was unjustly expelled +by Colleville in 1840. In 1824 an intimate neighbor of the Phellions, +and exactly like them in morals, he attended their informal card-party +on Thursday evening. Laudigeois, introduced by the Phellions, finally +became a close friend of the Thuilliers, during the reign of Louis +Philippe. His civil statistical record should be corrected, as his +name in several of the papers is spelled Leudigeois. [The Government +Clerks. The Middle Classes.] + +LAURE, given name of a sweet and charming young peasant girl, who took +Servin's course in painting at Paris in 1815. She protected Ginevra di +Piombo, an affectionate friend, who was her elder. [The Vendetta.] + +LAURENT, a Savoyard, Antoine's nephew; husband of an expert laundress +of laces, mender of cashmeres, etc. In 1824 he lived with them and +their relative, Gabriel, in Paris. In the evening he was door-keeper +in a subsidized theatre; in the daytime he was usher in the Bureau of +Finance. In this position Laurent was first to learn of the worldly +and official success attained by Celestine Rabourdin, when she +attempted to have Xavier appointed successor to Flamet de la +Billardiere. [The Government Clerks.] + +LAURENT, Paris, 1815, M. Henri de Marsay's servant, equal to the +Frontins of the old regime; was able to obtain for his master, through +the mail-carrier, Moinot, the address of Paquita Valdes and other +information about her. [The Thirteen.] + +LAVIENNE, Jean-Jules Popinot's servant in Paris, rue du Fouarre, 1828; +"made on purpose for his master," whom he aided in his active +philanthropy by redeeming and renewing pledges given to the +pawnbrokers. He took the place of his master in Palais de Justice +during the latter's absence. [The Commission in Lunacy.] + +LAVRILLE, famous naturalist, employed in the Jardin des Plantes, and +dwelling on rue de Buffon, Paris, 1831. Consulted as to the shagreen, +the enlargement of which was so passionately desired by Raphael de +Valentin, Lavrille could do nothing more than talk on the subject and +sent the young man to Planchette, the professor of mechanics. +Lavrille, "the grand mogul of zoology," reduced science to a catalogue +of names. He was then preparing a monograph on the duck family. [The +Magic Skin.] + +LEBAS (Joseph), born in 1779, a penniless orphan, he was assisted and +employed in Paris, first by the Guillaumes, cloth-merchants on rue +Saint-Denis, at the Cat and Racket. Under the First Empire he married +Virginie,[*] the elder of his employer's daughters, although he was in +love with the younger, Mademoiselle Augustine. He succeeded the +Guilliaumes in business. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] During +the first years of the Restoration he presided over the Tribunal of +Commerce. Joseph Lebas, who was intimate with M. and Madame Birotteau, +attended their ball with his wife. He also strove for Cesar's +rehabilitation. [Cesar Birotteau.] During the reign of Louis Philippe, +having for an intimate friend Celestin Crevel, he retired from +business and lived at Corbeil. [Cousin Betty.] + +[*] The names of Virginie and Augustine are confused in the original + text. + +LEBAS (Madame Joseph), wife of the preceding, born Virginie Guillaume +in 1784, elder of Guillaume's daughters, lived at the Cat and Racket; +the counterpart, physically and morally, of her mother. Under the +First Empire, at the parish church of Saint-Leu, Paris, her marriage +took place on the same day that her younger sister, Augustine de +Sommervieux, was wedded. The love which she felt for her husband was +not reciprocated. She viewed with indifference her sister's +misfortunes, became intimate in turn with the Birotteaus and the +Crevels; and, having retired from business, spent her last days in the +middle of Louis Philippe's reign at Corbeil. [At the Sign of the Cat +and Racket. Cesar Birotteau. Cousin Betty.] + +LEBAS, probably a son of the preceding. In 1836 first assistant of the +king's solicitor at Sancerre; two years later counselor to the court +of Paris. In 1838 he would have married Hortense Hulot if Crevel had +not prevented the match. [The Muse of the Department. Cousin Betty.] + +LEBOEUF, for a long time connected with the prosecuting attorney at +Nantes, being president of the court there in the latter part of Louis +Philippe's reign. He was well acquainted with the Camusot de +Marvilles, and knew Maitre Fraisier, who claimed his acquaintance in +1845. [Cousin Pons.] + +LEBRUN, sub-lieutenant, then captain in the Seventy-second demi- +brigade, commanded by Hulot during the war against the Chouans in +1799. [The Chouans.] + +LEBRUN, division-chief in the War Department in 1838. Marneffe was one +of his employes. [Cousin Betty.] + +LEBRUN, protege, friend and disciple of Doctor Bouvard. Being a +physician at the prison in May, 1830, he was called upon to establish +the death of Lucien de Rubempre. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] In +1845 Lebrun was chief physician of the Parisian boulevard theatre, +managed by Felix Gaudissart. [Cousin Pons.] + +LECAMUS (Baron de Tresnes), counselor to the royal court of Paris, +lived, in 1816, rue Chanoinesse, with Madame de la Chanterie. Known +there by the name of Joseph, he was a Brother of Consolation in +company with Montauran, Alain, Abbe de Veze and Godefroid. [The Seamy +Side of History.] + +LECHESNEAU, through the influence of Cambaceres and Bonaparte, +appointed attorney-general in Italy, but as a result of his many +disreputable love-affairs, despite his real capacity for office- +holding, he was forced to give up his position. Between the end of the +Republic and the beginning of the Empire he became head of the grand +jury at Troyes. Lechesneau, who had been repeatedly bribed by Senator +Malin, had to occupy himself in 1806 with the Hauteserre-Simeuse-Michu +affair. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +LECLERQ, native of Bourgogne, commissioner for the vinters in the +department to which Ville-aux-Fayes, a sub-prefecture of this same +province, belonged. He was of service to Gaubertin, Madame Soudry, +also Rigon, perhaps, and was in turn under obligations to them. Having +arranged a partnership he founded the house of "Leclerq & Company," on +Quai de Bethune, Ile Saint-Louis, Paris, in competition with the well- +known house of Grandet. In 1815 Leclerq married Jenny Gaubertin. As a +banker he dealt in wine commissions, and became regent of the National +Bank. During the Restoration he represented as deputy on the Left +Centre the district of Ville-aux-Fayes, and not far from the sub- +prefecture, in 1823, bought a large estate, which brought thirty +thousand francs rental. [The Peasantry.] + +LECLERQ (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Jenny Gaubertin, eldest +daughter of Gaubertin, steward of Aigues in Bourgogne, received two +hundred thousand francs as dowry. [The Peasantry.] + +LECLERQ, brother-in-law of the preceding, during the Restoration was +special collector at Ville-aux-Fayes, Bourgogne, and joined the other +members of his family in worrying, more or less, the Comte de +Montcornet. [The Peasantry.] + +LECOCQ, a trader, whose failure was very cleverly foretold by +Guillaume at the Cat and Racket. This failure was Guillaume's Battle +of Marengo. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] + +LEFEBVRE, Louis Lambert's uncle, was successively oratorian, sworn +priest and cure of Mer, a small city near Blois. Had a delightful +disposition and a heart of rare tenderness. He exercised a watchful +care over the childhood and youth of his remarkable nephew. The Abbe +Lefebvre later on lived at Blois, the Restoration having caused him to +lose his position. In 1822, under form of a letter sent from Croisic, +he was the first to receive information concerning the Cambremers. The +next year, having become much older in appearance, while riding in a +stage-coach he told of the frightful state of suffering, sometimes +mingled with remarkable displays of intellect, which preceded the +death of Louis Lambert. [Louis Lambert. A Seaside Tragedy.] + +LEFEBVRE (Robert), well-known French painter of the First Empire. In +1806, at the expense of Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, he painted Michu's +portrait. [The Gondreville Mystery.] Among the many paintings executed +by Robert Lefebvre is a portrait of Hulot d'Ervy dressed in the +uniform of chief commissary of the Imperial Guard. This is dated 1810. +[Cousin Betty.] + +LEGANES (Marquis de), Spanish grandee, married, father of two +daughters, Clara and Mariquita, and of three sons, Juanito, Philippe +and Manuel. He manifested a spirit of patriotism in the war carried on +against the French during the Empire and died then under the most +tragic circumstances, in which Mariquita was an unwilling abettor. The +Marquis de Leganes died by the hand of his eldest son, who had been +condemned to be his executioner. [El Verdugo.] + +LEGANES (Marquise de), wife of the preceding and condemned to die with +the other members of the family by the hand of her eldest son. She +spared him the necessity of doing this terrible deed of war by +committing suicide. [El Verdugo.] + +LEGANES (Clara de), daughter of the preceding couple; also shared the +condemnation of the Marquis de Leganes and died by the hand of +Juanito. [El Verdugo.] + +LEGANES (Mariquita de), sister of the preceding, had rescued Major +Victor Marchand of the French infantry from danger in 1808. In +testimony of his gratitude he was able to obtain pardon for one member +of the Leganes family, but with the horribly cruel provision that the +one spared should become executioner of the rest of the family. [El +Verdugo.] + +LEGANES (Juanito de), brother of the last-named, born in 1778. Small +and of poor physique, of gentlemanly manners, yet proud and scornful, +he was gifted with that delicacy of feeling which in olden times +caused Spanish gallantry to be so well known. Upon the earnest request +of his proud-spirited family he consented to execute his father, his +two sisters and his two brothers. Juanito only was saved from death, +that his family might not become extinct. [El Verdugo.] + +LEGANES (Philippe de), younger brother of the preceding, born in 1788, +a noble Spaniard condemned to death; executed by his elder brother in +1808, during the war waged against the French. [El Verdugo.] + +LEGANES (Manuel de), born in 1800, youngest of the five Leganes +children, suffered, in 1808, during the war waged by the French in +Spain, the fate of his father, the marquis, and of his elder brother +and sisters. The youngest scion of this noble family died by the hand +of Juanito de Leganes. [El Verdugo.] + +LEGER, extensive farmer of Beaumont-sur-Oise, married daughter of +Reybert, Moreau's successor as exciseman of the Presles estate, +belonging to the Comte de Serizy; had by his wife a daughter who +became, in 1838, Madame Joseph Bridau. [A Start in Life.] + +LEGRELU, a bald-headed man, tall and good-looking; in 1840 became a +vintner in Paris on rue des Canettes, corner of rue Guisarde. +Toupillier, Madame Cardinal's uncle, the "pauper of Saint-Sulpice," +was his customer. [The Middle Classes.] + +LELEWEL, a nineteenth century revolutionist, head of the Polish +Republican party in Paris in 1835. One of his friends was Doctor Moise +Halpersohn. [The Imaginary Mistress. The Seamy Side of History.] + +LEMARCHAND. (See Tours, Minieres des.) + +LEMIRE, professor of drawing in the Imperial Lyceum, Paris, in 1812; +foresaw the talent of Joseph Bridau, one of his pupils, for painting, +and threw the future artist's mother into consternation by telling her +of this fact. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] + +LEMPEREUR, in 1819, Chaussee-d'Antin, Paris, clerk to Charles +Claparon, at that time "straw-man" of Tillet, Roguin & Company. [Cesar +Birotteau.] + +LEMPRUN, born in 1745, son-in-law of Galard, market-gardener of +Auteuil. Employed, in turn, in the houses of Thelusson and of Keller +in Paris, he was probably the first messenger in the service of the +Bank of France, having entered that establishment when it was founded. +He met Mademoiselle Brigitte Thuillier during this period of his life, +and in 1814 gave Celeste, his only daughter, in marriage to Brigitte's +brother, Louis-Jerome Thuillier. M. Lemprun died the year following. +[The Middle Classes.] + +LEMPRUN (Madame), wife of the preceding, daughter of Galard, the +market-gardener of Auteuil, mother of one child--Madame Celeste +Thuillier. She lived in the village of Auteuil from 1815 until the +time of her death in 1829. She reared Celeste Phellion, daughter of +L.-J. Thuillier and of Madame de Colleville. Madame Lemprun left a +small fortune inherited from her father, M. Galard, which was +administered by Brigitte Thuillier. This Lemprun estate consisted of +twenty thousand francs, saved by the strictest economy, and of a house +which was sold for twenty-eight thousand francs. [The Middle Classes.] + +LEMULQUINIER, a native of Flanders, owed his name to the linen-yarn +dealers of that province, who are called /mulquiniers/. He lived in +Douai, was the valet of Balthazar Claes, and encouraged and aided his +master in his foolish investigations, despite the extreme coldness of +his own nature and the opposition of Josette, Martha, and the women of +the Claes family. Lemulquinier even went so far as to give all his +personal property to M. Claes. [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +LENONCOURT (De), born in 1708, marshal of France, marquis at first, +then duke, was the friend of Victor-Amedee de Verneuil, and adopted +Marie de Verneuil, the acknowledged natural daughter of his old +comrade, when the latter died. Suspected unjustly of being this young +girl's lover, the septuagenarian refused to marry her, and leaving her +behind he changed his place of residence to Coblentz. [The Chouans.] + +LENONCOURT (Duc de), father of Madame de Mortsauf. The early part of +the Restoration was the brilliant period of his career. He obtained a +peerage, owned a house in Paris on rue Saint-Dominique-Saint-Germain, +looked after Birotteau and found him a situation just after his +failure. Lenoncourt played for the favor of Louis XVIII., was first +gentleman in the king's chamber, and welcomed Victurnien d'Esgrignon, +with whom he had some relationship. The Duc de Lenoncourt was, in +1835, visiting the Princesse de Cadignan, when Marsay explained the +reasons the political order had for the mysterious kidnapping of +Gondreville. Three years later he died a very old man. [The Lily of +the Valley. Cesar Birotteau. Jealousies of a Country Town. The +Gondreville Mystery. Beatrix.] + +LENONCOURT (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, born in 1758, of a +cold, severe, insincere, ambitious nature, was almost always unkind to +her daughter, Madame de Mortsauf. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +LENONCOURT-GIVRY (Duc de), youngest son of M. and Madame de Chaulieu, +at first followed a military career. Titles and names in abundance +came to him. In 1827 he married Madeleine de Mortsauf, the only heir +of her parents. [Letters of Two Brides.] The Duc de Lenoncourt-Givry +was a man of some importance in the Paris of Louis Philippe and was +invited to the festival at the opening of Josepha Mirah's new house, +rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. [Cousin Betty.] The year following attention +was still turned towards him indirectly, when Sallenauve was +contending in defence of the duke's brother-in-law. [The Member for +Arcis.] + +LENONCOURT-GIVRY (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, bore the first +name of Madeleine. Madame de Lenoncourt-Givry was one of two children +of the Comte and Comtesse de Mortsauf. She lived almost alone in her +family, having lost at an early age her mother, then her brother +Jacques. While passing her girlhood in Touraine, she met Felix de +Vandenesse, from whom she knew how to keep aloof on becoming an +orphan. Her inheritance of names, titles and wealth brought about her +marriage with the youngest son of M. and Madame de Chaulieu in 1827, +and established for her a friendship with the Grandlieus, whose +daughter, Clotilde, accompanied her to Italy about 1830. During the +first day of their journey the arrest of Lucien Chardon de Rubempre +took place under their eyes near Bouron, Seine-et-Marne. [The Lily of +the Valley. Letters of Two Brides. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +LENORMAND was court registrar at Paris during the Restoration, and did +Comte Octave de Bauvan a service by passing himself off as owner of a +house on rue Saint-Maur, which belonged in reality to the count and +where the wife of that high magistrate lived, at that time being +separated from her husband. [Honorine.] + +LEOPOLD, a character in "L'Ambitieux par Amour," a novel by Albert +Savarus, was Maitre Leopold Hannequin. The author pictured him as +having a strong passion--imaginary or true--for the mother of +Rodolphe, the hero of this autobiographical novel, published by the +"Revue de l'Est" under the reign of Louis Philippe. [Albert Savarus.] + +LEPAS (Madame de), for a long time keeper of a tavern at Vendome, of +Flemish physique; acquainted with M. and Madame de Merret, and +furnished information about them to Doctor Horace Bianchon; Comte +Bagos de Feredia, who died so tragically, having been a lodger in her +house. She was also interviewed by the author, who, under the name of +Valentine, gave on the stage of the Gymnase-Dramatique the story of +the incontinence and punishment of Josephine de Merret. This Vendome +tavern-keeper pretended also to have lodged some princesses, M. +Decazes, General Bertrand, the King of Spain, and the Duc and Duchesse +of d'Abrantes. [La Grande Bretche.] + +LEPITRE, strong Royalist, had some relations with M. de Vandenesse, +when they wished to rescue Marie-Antoinette from the Temple. Later, +under the Empire, having become head of an academy, in the old Joyeuse +house, Quartier Saint-Antoine, Paris, Lepitre counted among his pupils +a son of M. de Vandenesse, Felix. Lepitre was fat, like Louis XVIII., +and club-footed. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +LEPITRE (Madame), wife of the preceding, reared Felix de Vandenesse. +[The Lily of the Valley.] + +LEPRINCE (Monsieur and Madame). M. Leprince was a Parisian auctioneer +towards the end of the Empire and at the beginning of the Restoration. +He finally sold his business at a great profit; but being injured by +one of Nucingen's failures, he lost in some speculations on the Bourse +some of the profits that he had realized. He was the father-in-law of +Xavier Rabourdin, whose fortune he risked in these dangerous +speculations, that his son-in-law's domestic comfort might be +increased. Crushed by misfortune he died under Louis XVIII., leaving +some rare paintings which beautified the parlor of his children's home +on rue Duphot. Madame Leprince, who died before the bankrupt +auctioneer, a distinguished woman and a natural artist, worshiped and, +consequently, spoiled her only child, Celestine, who became Madame +Xavier Rabourdin. She communicated to her daughter some of her own +tastes, and thoughtlessly, perhaps, developed in her a love of luxury, +intelligent and refined. [The Government Clerks.] + +LEROI (Pierre), called also Marche-a-terre, a Fougeres Chouan, who +played an important part during the civil war of 1799 in Bretagne, +where he gave evidence of courage and heartlessness. He survived the +tragedy of this period, for he was seen on the Place d'Alencon in 1809 +when Cibot--Pille-Miche--was tried at the bar as a chauffeur and +attempted to escape. In 1827, nearly twenty years later, this same +Pierre Leroi was known as a peaceable cattle-trader in the markets of +his province. [The Chouans. The Seamy Side of History. Jealousies of a +Country Town.] + +LEROI (Madame), mother of the preceding, being ill, was cured on +coming to Fougeres to pray under the oak of the Patte-d'Oie. This tree +was decorated with a beautiful wooden image of the Virgin, placed +there in memory of Sainte-Anne d'Auray's appearance in this place. +[The Chouans.] + +LESEIGNEUR DE ROUVILLE (Baronne), pensionless widow of a sea-captain +who had died at Batavia, under the Republic, during a prolonged +engagement with an English vessel; mother of Madame Hippolyte +Schinner. Early in the nineteenth century she lived at Paris with her +unmarried daughter, Adelaide. On the fourth story of a house belonging +to Molineux, on rue de Surene, near the Madeleine, Madame Leseigneur +occupied unadorned and gloomy apartments. There she frequently +received Hippolyte Schinner, Messieurs du Halga and de Kergarouet. She +received from two of these friends many delicate marks of sympathy, +despite the gossip of the neighbors who were astonished that Madame de +Rouville and her daughter should have different names, and shocked by +their very suspicious behavior. The manner in which Mesdames +Leseigneur recognized the good offices of Schinner led to his marriage +with Mademoiselle de Rouville. [The Purse.] + +LESEIGNEUR (Adelaide). (See Schinner, Madame Hippolyte.) + +LESOURD, married the eldest daughter of Madame Guenic of Provins, and +toward the end of the Restoration presided over the justice court of +that city, of which he had first been king's attorney. In 1828 he was +able, indeed, to defend Pierrette Lorrain, thus showing his opposition +to the local Liberalist leaders, represented by Rogron, Vinet and +Gourand. [Pierrette.] + +LESOURD (Madame), wife of the preceding and eldest daughter of Madame +Guenee; for a long time called in Provins, "the little Madame +Lesourd." [Pierrette.] + +LEVEILLE (Jean-Francois), notary in Alencon, inflexible correspondent +of the Royalists of Normandie under the Empire. He issued arms to +them, received the surname of Confesseur, and, in 1809, was put to +death with others as the result of a judgment rendered by Bourlac. +[The Seamy Side of History.] + +LEVRAULT, enriched by the iron industry in Paris, died in 1813; former +owner of the house in Nemours which came into the possession finally +of Doctor Minoret, who lived there in 1815. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +LEVRAULT-CREMIERE, related to the preceding, an old miller, who became +a Royalist under the Restoration; he was mayor of Nemours from 1829 to +1830, and was replaced after the Revolution of July by the notary, +Cremiere-Dionis. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +LEVRAULT-LEVRAULT, eldest son, thus named to distinguish him from his +numerous relatives of the same name; he was a butcher in Nemours in +1829, when Ursule Mirouet was undergoing persecution. [Ursule +Mirouet.] + +LIAUTARD (Abbe), in the first years of the nineteenth century was at +the head of an institution of learning in Paris; had among his pupils +Godefroid, Madame de la Chanterie's lodger in 1836 and future Brother +of Consolation. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +LINA (Duc de), an Italian, at Milan early in the century, one of the +lovers of La Marana, the mother of Madame Diard. [The Miranas.] + +LINET (Jean-Baptiste-Robert, called Robert), member of the Legislature +and of the Convention, born at Bernay in 1743, died at Paris in 1825; +minister of finance under the Republic, weakened Antoine and the +Poiret brothers by giving them severe work, although twenty-five years +later they were still laboring in the Treasury. [The Government +Clerks.] + +LISIEUX (Francois), called the Grand-Fils (grandson), a rebel of the +department of Mayenne; chauffeur under the First Empire and connected +with the Royalist insurrection in the West, which caused Madame de la +Chanterie's imprisonment. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +LISTOMERE (Marquis de) son of the "old Marquise de Listomere"; deputy +of the majority under Charles X., with hopes of a peerage; husband of +Mademoiselle de Vandenesse the elder, his cousin. One evening in 1828, +in his own house on rue Saint-Dominique, he was quietly reading the +"Gazette de France" without noticing the flirtation carried on at his +side by his wife and Eugene de Rastignac, then twenty-five years old. +[The Lily of the Valley. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Study +of Woman.] + +LISTOMERE (Marquise de), wife of the preceding, elder of M. de +Vandenesse's daughters, and sister of Charles and Felix. Like her +husband and cousin, during the early years of the Restoration, she was +a brilliant type of the period, combining, as she did, godliness with +worldliness, occasionally figuring in politics, and concealing her +youth under the guise of austerity. However, in 1828, her mask seemed +to fall at the moment when Madame de Mortsauf died; for, then, she +wrongly fancied herself the object of Eugene de Rastignac's wooing. +Under Louis Philippe she took part in an intrigue formed for the +purpose of throwing her sister-in-law, Marie de Vandenesse, into the +power of Raoul Nathan. [The Lily of the Valley. Lost Illusions. A +Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Study of Woman. A Daughter of +Eve.] + +LISTOMERE (Marquise de) mother-in-law of the preceding, born +Grandlieu. She lived in Paris at an advanced age in Ile Saint-Louis, +during the early years of the nineteenth century; received on his +holidays her grand-nephew, Felix de Vandenesse, then a student, and +frightened him by the solemn or frigid appearance of everything about +her. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +LISTOMERE (Baronne de), had been the wife of a lieutenant-general. As +a widow she lived in the city of Tours under the Restoration, assuming +all the grand airs of the past centuries. She helped the Birotteau +brothers. In 1823 she received the army paymaster, Gravier, and the +terrible Spanish husband who killed the French surgeon, Bega. Madame +de Listomere died, and her wish to make Francois Birotteau her partial +heir was not executed. [The Vicar of Tours. Cesar Birotteau. The Muse +of the Department.] + +LISTOMERE (Baron de), nephew of the preceding, born in 1791; was in +turn lieutenant and captain in the navy. During a leave of absence +spent with his aunt at Tours he began to intervene in favor of the +persecuted abbe, Francois Birotteau, but finally opposed him upon +learning of the power of the Congregation, and that the priest's name +figured in the Baronne de Listomere's will. [The Vicar of Tours.] + +LISTOMERE (Comtesse de), old, lived in Saint-Germain suburbs of Paris, +in 1839. At the Austrian embassy she became acquainted with Rastignac, +Madame de Nucingen, Ferdinand du Tillet and Maxime de Trailles. [The +Member for Arcis.] + +LISTOMERE-LANDON (Marquise de), born in Provence, 1744; lady of the +eighteenth century aristocracy, had been the friend of Duclos and +Marechal de Richelieu. Later she lived in the city of Tours, where she +tried to help by unbiased counsel her unsophisticated niece by +marriage, the Marquise Victor d'Aiglemont. Gout and her happiness over +the return of the Duc d'Angouleme caused Madame de Listomere's death +in 1814. [A Woman of Thirty.] + +LOLOTTE. (See Topinard, Madame.) + +LONGUEVILLE (De), noble and illustrious family, whose last scion, the +Duc de Rostein-Limbourg, executed in 1793, belonged to the younger +branch. [The Ball at Sceaux.] + +LONGUEVILLE, deputy under Charles X., son of an attorney, without +authority placed the particle /de/ before his name. M. Longueville was +connected with the house of Palma, Werbrust & Co.; he was the father +of Auguste, Maximilien and Clara; desired a peerage for himself and a +minister's daughter for his elder son, who had an income of fifty +thousand francs. [The Ball at Sceaux.] + +LONGUEVILLE (Auguste), son of the preceding, born late in the +eighteenth century, possessed an income of fifty thousand francs; +married, probably a minister's daughter; was secretary of an embassy; +met Madame Emilie de Vandenesse during a vacation which he was +spending in Paris, and told her the secret of his family. Died young, +while employed in the Russian embassy. [The Ball at Sceaux.] + +LONGUEVILLE (Maximilien), one of Longueville's three children, +sacrificed himself for his brother and sister; entered business, lived +on rue du Sentier--then no longer called rue du Groschenet; was +employed in a large linen establishment, situated near rue de la Paix; +fell passionately in love with Emilie de Fontaine, who became Madame +Charles de Vandenesse. She ceased to reciprocate his passion upon +learning that he was merely a novelty clerk. However, M. Longueville, +as a result of the early death of his father and of his brother, +became a banker, a member of the nobility, a peer, and finally the +Vicomte "Guiraudin de Longueville." [The Ball at Sceaux.] + +LONGUEVILLE (Clara), sister of the preceding; she was probably born +during the Empire; was a very refined young woman of frail +constitution, but good complexion; lived in the time of the +Restoration; was companion and protegee of her elder brother, +Maximilien, future Vicomte Guiraudin, and was cordially received at +the Planat de Baudry's pavilion, situated in the valley of Sceaux, +where she was a good friend of the last unmarried heiress of Comte de +Fontaine. [The Ball at Sceaux.] + +LORA (Leon de), born in 1806, descendant of a noble family of +Roussillon, of Spanish origin; penniless son of Comte Fernand Didas y +Lora and Leonie de Lora, born Gazonal; younger brother of Juan de +Lora, nephew of Mademoiselle Urraca y Lora; he left his native country +at an early age. His family, with the exception of his mother, who +died, remained at home long after his departure, but he never inquired +concerning them. He went to Paris, where, having entered the artist, +Schinner's, studio, under the name of Mistigris, he became celebrated +for his animation and repartee. From 1820 he shone in this way, rarely +leaving Joseph Bridau--a friend whom he accompanied to the Comte de +Serizy's at Presles in the valley of Oise. Later Leon protected his +very sympathetic but commonplace countryman, Pierre Grassou. In 1830 +he became a celebrity. Arthez entrusted to him the decoration of a +castle, and Leon de Lora forthwith showed himself to be a master. Some +years later he took a tour through Italy with Felicite des Touches and +Claude Vignon. Being present when the domestic troubles of the Bauvans +were recounted, Lora was able to give a finished analysis of +Honorine's character to M. de l'Hostal. Being a guest at all the +social feasts and receptions he was in attendance at one of +Mademoiselle Brisetout's gatherings on rue Chauchat. There he met +Bixiou, Etienne Lousteau, Stidmann and Vernisset. He visited the +Hulots frequently and their intimate friends. With the aid of Joseph +Bridau he rescued W. Steinbock from Clichy, saw him marry Hortense, +and was invited to the second marriage of Valerie Marneffe. He was +then the greatest living painter of landscapes and sea-pieces, a +prince of repartee and dissipation, and dependent on Bixiou. Fabien du +Ronceret gave to him the ornamentation of an apartment on rue Blanche. +Wealthy, illustrious, living on rue Berlin, the neighbor of Joseph +Bridau and Schinner, member of the Institute, officer of the Legion of +Honor, Leon, assisted by Bixiou, received his cousin Palafox Gazonal, +and pointed out to him many well-known people about town. [The +Unconscious Humorists. A Bachelor's Establishment. A Start in Life. +Pierre Grassou. Honorine. Cousin Betty. Beatrix.] + +LORA (Don Juan de), elder brother of the preceding, spent his whole +life in Roussillon, his native country; in the presence of their +cousin, Palafox Gazonal, denied that his younger brother, "le petit +Leon," possessed great artistic ability. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +LORAUX (Abbe), born in 1752, of unattractive bearing, yet the very +soul of tenderness. Confessor of the pupils of the Lycee Henry IV., +and of Agathe Bridau; for twenty-five years vicar of Saint-Sulpice at +Paris; in 1818 confessor of Cesar Birotteau; became in 1819 cure of +the Blancs-Manteaux in Marais parish. He thus became a neighbor of +Octave de Bauvan, in whose home he placed in 1824 M. de l'Hostal, his +nephew and adopted son. Loraux, who was the means of restoring to +Bauvan the Comtesse Honorine, received her confessions. He died in +1830, she being his nurse at the time. [A Start in Life. A Bachelor's +Establishment. Cesar Birotteau. Honorine.] + +LORRAIN, petty merchant of Pen-Hoel in the beginning of the nineteenth +century; married and had a son, whose wife and child, Pierrette, he +took care of after his son's death. Lorrain was completely ruined +later, and took refuge in a home for the old and needy, confiding +Pierrette, both of whose parents were now dead, to the care of some +near relatives, the Rogrons of Provins. Lorrain's death took place +previously to that of his wife. [Pierrette.] + +LORRAIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, and grandmother of Pierrette; +born about 1757; lived the simple life of her husband, to whom she +bore some resemblance. A widow towards the end of the Restoration, she +became comfortably situated after the return of Collinet of Nantes. +Upon going to Provins to recover her granddaughter, she found her +dying; went into retirement in Paris, and died soon after, making +Jacques Brigaut her heir. [Pierrette.] + +LORRAIN, son of the preceding couple, Bretagne; captain in the +Imperial Guard; major in the line; married the second daughter of a +Provins grocer, Auffray, through whom he had Pierrette; died a poor +man, on the battlefield of Montereau, February 18, 1814. [Pierrette.] + +LORRAIN (Madame), wife of the preceding and mother of Pierrette; born +Auffray in 1793; half sister to the mother of Sylvie and Denis Rogron +of Provins. In 1814, a poor widow, still very young, she lived with +the Lorrains of Pen-Hoel, a town in the Vendean Marais. It is said +that she was consoled by the ex-major, Brigaut, of the Catholic army, +and survived the unfortunate marriage of Madame Neraud, widow of +Auffray, and maternal grandmother of Pierrette, only three years. +[Pierrette.] + +LORRAIN (Pierrette), daughter of the preceding, born in the town of +Pen-Hoel in 1813; lost her father when fourteen months old and her +mother when six years old; lovable disposition, delicate and +unaffected. After a happy childhood, spent with her excellent maternal +grandparents and a playmate, Jacques Brigaut, she was sent to some +first maternal cousins of Provins, the wealthy Rogrons, who treated +her with pitiless severity. Pierrette died on Easter Tuesday, March, +1828, as the result of sickness brought on by the brutality of her +cousin, Sylvie Rogron, who was extremely envious of her. A trial of +her persecutors followed her death, and, despite the efforts of old +Madame Lorrain, Jacques Brigaut, Martener, Desplein and Bianchon, her +assailants escaped through the craftily exerted influence of Vinet. +[Pierrette.] + +LOUCHARD, the craftiest bailiff of Paris; undertook the recovery of +Esther van Gobseck, who had escaped from Frederic de Nucingen; did +business with Maitre Fraisier. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Cousin +Pons.] + +LOUCHARD (Madame), wife of the preceding, did not live with him; +acquainted with Madame Komorn de Godollo and, in 1840, furnished her +information about Theodose de la Peyrade. [The Middle Classes.] + +LOUDON (Prince de), general in the Vendean cavalry, lived at Le Mans +during the Terror. He was brother of a Verneuil who was guillotined, +was noted for "his boldness and the martyrdom of his punishment." [The +Chouans. Modeste Mignon.] + +LOUDON (Prince Gaspard de), born in 1791, third and only surviving son +of the Duc de Verneuil's four children; fat and commonplace, having, +very inappropriately, the same name as the celebrated Vendean cavalry +general; became probably Desplein's son-in-law. He took part in 1829 +in a great hunt given in Normandie, in company with the Herouvilles, +the Cadignans and the Mignons. [Modeste Mignon.] + +LOUIS XVIII. (Louis-Stanislas-Xavier), born at Versailles, November +16, 1754, died September 16, 1824, King of France. He was in political +relations with Alphonse de Montauran, Malin de Gondreville, and some +time before this, under the name of the Comte de Lille, with the +Baronne de la Chanterie. He considered Peyrade an able officer and was +his patron. King Louis XVIII., friend of the Comte de Fontaine, +engaged Felix de Vandenesse as secretary. His last mistress was the +Comtesse Ferraud. [The Chouans. The Seamy Side of History. The +Gondreville Mystery. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Ball at +Sceaux. The Lily of the Valley. Colonel Chabert. The Government +Clerks.] + +LOUISE, during the close of Louis Philippe's reign, was Madame W. +Steinbock's waiting-maid at Paris, rue Louis-le-Grand, and was courted +by Hulot d'Ervy's cook, at the time when Agathe Piquetard, who was +destined to become the second Baronne Hulot, was another servant. +(Cousin Betty.] + +LOURDOIS, during the Empire wealthy master-painter of interiors; +contractor with thirty thousand francs income, of Liberal views. +Charged an enormous sum for the famous decorations in Cesar +Birotteau's apartments, where he was a guest with his wife and +daughter at the grand ball of December 17, 1818. After the failure of +the perfumer, a little later, he treated him somewhat slightingly. [At +the Sign of the Cat and Racket. Cesar Birotteau.] + +LOUSTEAU, sub-delegate at Issoudun and afterwards the intimate friend +of Doctor Rouget, at that time his enemy, because the doctor was +possibly the father of Mademoiselle Agathe Rouget, then become Madame +Bridau. Lousteau died in 1800. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] + +LOUSTEAU (Etienne), son of the preceding, born at Sancerre in 1799, +nephew of Maximilienne Hochon, born Lousteau, school-mate of Doctor +Bianchon. Urged on by his desire for a literary vocation, he entered +Paris without money, in 1819, made a beginning with poetry, was the +literary partner of Victor Ducange in a melodrama played at the Gaite +in 1821, undertook the editing of a small paper devoted to the stage, +of which Andoche Finot was proprietor. He had at that time two homes, +one in the Quartier Latin, rue de la Harpe, above the Servel cafe, +another on rue de Bondy, with Florine his mistress. Not having a +better place, he became at times Flicoteaux's guest, in company with +Daniel d'Arthez and especially Lucien de Rubempre, whom he trained, +piloted, and introduced to Dauriat, in fact, whose first steps he +aided, not without feeling regret later in life. For one thousand +francs per month, Lousteau rid Philippe Bridau of his wife, Flore, +placing her in a house of ill-fame. He was at the Opera, the evening +of the masque ball of the year 1824, where Blondet, Bixiou, Rastignac, +Jacques Collin, Chatelet and Madame d'Espard discovered Lucien de +Rubempre with Esther Gobseck. Lousteau wrote criticisms, did work for +various reviews, and for Raoul Nathan's gazette. He lived on rue des +Martyrs, and was Madame Schontz's lover. He obtained by some intrigue +a deputyship at Sancerre; carried on a long liaison with Dinah de la +Baudraye; just escaped a marriage with Madame Berthier, then Felicie +Cardot; was father of Madame de la Baudraye's children, and spoke as +follows concerning the birth of the eldest: "Madame la Baronne de la +Baudraye is happily delivered of a child; M. Etienne Lousteau has the +honor of announcing it." During this liaison, Lousteau, for the sum of +five hundred francs, gave to Fabien du Ronceret a discourse to be read +at a horticultural exhibition, for which the latter was decorated. He +attended a house-warming at Mademoiselle Brisetout's, rue Chauchat; +asked Dinah and Nathan for the purpose or moral of the "Prince of +Bohemia." Lousteau's manner of living underwent little change when +Madame de la Baudraye left him. He heard Maitre Desroches recount one +of Cerizet's adventures, saw Madame Marneffe marry Crevel, took charge +of the "Echo de la Bievre," and undertook the management of a theatre +with Ridal, the author of vaudevilles. [A Distinguished Provincial at +Paris. A Bachelor's Establishment. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. A +Daughter of Eve. Beatrix. The Muse of the Department. Cousin Betty. A +Prince of Bohemia. A Man of Business. The Middle Classes. The +Unconscious Humorists.] + +LUIGIA, young and beautiful Roman girl of the suburbs, wife of +Benedetto, who claimed the right of selling her. She tried to kill +herself at the same time she killed him, but did not succeed. Charles +de Sallenauve--Dorlange--protected her, taking care of her when she +became a widow, and made her his housekeeper in 1839. Luigia soon left +her benefactor, the voice of slander having accused them in their +mutually innocent relations. [The Member for Arcis.] + +LUPEAULX (Clement Chardin des), officer and politician, born about +1785; left in good circumstances by his father; who was ennobled by +Louis XV., his coat-of-arms showing "a ferocious wolf of sable bearing +a lamb in its jaws," with this motto: "En lupus in historia." A shrewd +and ambitious man, ready for all enterprises, even the most +compromising, Clement des Lupeaulx knew how to make himself of service +to Louis XVIII. in several delicate undertakings. Many influential +members of the aristocracy placed in his hands their difficult +business and their lawsuits. He served thus as mediator between the +Duc de Navarreins and Polydore Milaud de la Baudraye, and attained a +kind of mightiness that Annette seemed to fear would be disastrous to +Charles Grandet. He accumulated duties and ranks, was master of +petitions in the Council of State, secretary-general to the minister +of finance, colonel in the National Guard, government commissioner in +a joint-stock company; also provided with an inspectorship in the +king's house, he became Chevalier de Saint-Louis and officer of the +Legion of Honor. An open follower of Voltaire, but an attendant at +mass, at all times a Bertrand in pursuit of a Raton, egotistic and +vain, a glutton and a libertine, this man of intellect, sought after +in all social circles, a kind of minister's "household drudge," openly +lived, until 1825, a life of pleasure and anxiety, striving for +political success and love conquests. As mistresses he is known to +have had Esther van Gobseck, Flavie Colleville; perhaps, even, the +Marquise d'Espard. He was seen at the Opera ball in the winter of +1824, at which Lucien de Rubempre reappeared. The close of this year +brought about considerable change in the Secretary-General's affairs. +Crippled by debt, and in the power of Gobseck, Bidault and Mitral, he +was forced to give up one of the treasury departments to Isidore +Baudoyer, despite his personal liking for Rabourdin. He gained as a +result of this stroke a coronet and a deputyship. He had ambitions for +a peerage, the title of gentleman of the king's chamber, a membership +in the Academy of Inscriptions and Belles-lettres, and the commander's +cross. [The Muse of the Department. Eugenie Grandet. A Bachelor's +Establishment. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. The Government +Clerks. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Ursule Mirouet.] + +LUPEAULX (Des), nephew of the preceding, and, thanks to him, appointed +sub-prefect of Ville-aux-Fayes, Bourgogne, in 1821, in the department +presided over successively by Martial de la Roche-Hugon and Casteran. +As Gaubertin's prospective son-in-law, M. des Lupeaulx, espousing the +cause of his fiancee's family, was instrumental in disgusting +Montcornet, owner of Aigues, with his property. [The Peasantry.] + +LUPIN, born in 1778, son of the last steward of the Soulanges in +Bourgogne; in time he became manager of the domain, notary and deputy +mayor of the city of Soulanges. Although married and a man of family, +M. Lupin, still in excellent physical condition, was, in 1823, a +brilliant figure in Madame Soudry's reception-room, where he was known +for his tenor voice and his extreme gallantries--the latter +characteristic being proved by two liaisons carried on with two +middle-class women, Madame Sarcus, wife of Sarcus the Rich, and +Euphemie Plissoud. [The Peasantry.] + +LUPIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, called "Bebelle;" only daughter +of a salt-merchant enriched by the Revolution; had a platonic +affection for the chief clerk, Bonnac. Madame Lupin was fat, awkward, +of very ordinary appearance, and weak intellectually. On account of +these characteristics Lupin and the Soudry adherents neglected her. +[The Peasantry.] + +LUPIN (Amaury), only son of the preceding couple, perhaps the lover of +Adeline Sarcus, who became Madame Adolphe Sibilet; was on the point of +marrying one of Gaubertin's daughters, the same one, doubtless, that +was wooed and won by M. des Lupeaulx. In the midst of this liaison and +of these matrimonial designs, Amaury Lupin was sent to Paris in 1822 +by his father to study the notary's profession with Maitre Crottat, +where he had for a companion another clerk, Georges Marest, with whom +he committed some indiscretions and went into debt. Amaury went with +his friend to the Lion d'Argent, rue d'Enghien in the Saint-Denis +section, when Marest took Pierrotin's carriage to Isle-Adam. On the +way they met Oscar Husson, and made fun of him. The following year +Amaury Lupin returned to Soulanges in Bourgogne. [The Peasantry. A +Start in Life.] + + + +M + +MACHILLOT (Madame), kept in Paris, in 1838, in the Notre Dame-des +Champs neighborhood, a modest restaurant, which was patronized by +Godefroid on account of its nearness to Bourlac's house. [The Seamy +Side of History.] + +MACUMER (Felipe Henarez, Baron de), Spanish descendant of the Moors, +about whom much information has been furnished by Talleyrand; had a +right to names and titles as follows: Henarez, Duc de Soria, Baron de +Macumer. He never used all of them; for his entire youth was a +succession of sacrifices, misfortunes and undue trials. Macumer, a +leading Spanish revolutionist of 1823, saw fortune turn against him. +Ferdinand VII., once more enthroned, recognized him as constitutional +minister, but never forgave him for his assumption of power. Seeing +his property confiscated and himself banished, he took refuge in +Paris, where he took poor lodgings on rue Hillerin-Bertin and began to +teach Spanish for a living, notwithstanding he was Baron de Sardaigne +with large estates and a place at Sassari. Macumer also suffered many +heart-aches. He vainly loved a woman who was beloved by his own +brother. His brother's passion being reciprocated, Macumer sacrificed +himself for their happiness. Under the simple name of Henarez, Macumer +was the instructor of Armande-Marie-Louise de Chaulieu, whom he did +not woo in vain. He married her, March, 1825. At various times the +baron occupied or owned Chantepleurs, a chateau Nivernais, a house on +rue du Bac, and La Crampade, Louis de l'Estorate's residence in +Provence. The foolish, annoying jealousy of Madame de Macumer +embittered his life and was responsible for his physical break-down. +Idolized by his wife, in spite of his marked plainness, he died in +1829. [Letters of Two brides.] + +MACUMER (Baronne de). (See Gaston, Madame Marie.) + +MADELEINE, first name of Madeleine Vinet, by which she was called +while employed as a domestic. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Cousin +Pons.] + +MADOU (Angelique), woman of the masses, fat but spry; although +ignorant, very shrewd in her business of selling dried fruit. At the +beginning of the Restoration she lived in Paris on rue Perrin- +Gasselin, where she fell prey to the usurer Bidault--Gigonnet. +Angelique Madou at first dealt harshly with Cesar Birotteau, when he +was unable to pay his debts; but she congratulated him, later on, +when, as a result of his revived fortunes, the perfumer settled every +obligation. Angelique Madon had a little godchild, in whom she +occasionally showed much interest. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +MAGNAN (Prosper), of Beauvais, son of a widow, chief-surgeon's +assistant; executed in 1799 at Andernach on the banks of the Rhine, +being the innocent victim of circumstantial evidence, which condemned +him for the double crime of robbery and murder--this crime having, in +reality, been committed by his comrade, Jean-Frederic-Taillefer, who +escaped punishment. [The Red Inn.] + +MAGNAN (Madame), mother of the preceding, lived at Beauvais, where she +died a short time after her son's death, and previous to the arrival +of Hermann, who was bearing her a letter from Prosper. [The Red Inn.] + +MAGUS (Elie), Flemish Jew, Dutch-Belgian descent, born in 1770. He +lived now at Bordeaux, now at Paris; was a merchant of costly +articles, such as pictures, diamonds and curiosities. By his influence +Madame Luigi Porta, born Ginevra di Piombo, obtained from a print- +seller a position as colorist. Madame Evangelista engaged him to +estimate the value of her jewels. He bought a copy of Rubens from +Joseph Bridau and some Flemish subjects from Pierre Grassou, selling +them later to Vervelli as genuine Rembrandts or Teniers; he arranged +for the marriage of the artist with the cork-maker's daughter. Very +wealthy, and having retired from business in 1835, he left his house +on the Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle to occupy an old dwelling on Chaussee +des Minimes, now called rue de Bearn. He took with him his treasures, +his daughter, Noemi, and Abramko as a guard for his property. Eli +Magus was still living in 1845, when he had just acquired, in a +somewhat dishonorable manner, a number of superb paintings from +Sylvain Pons' collection. [The Vendetta. A Marriage Settlement. A +Bachelor's Establishment. Pierre Grassou. Cousin Pons.] + +MAHOUDEAU (Madame), in 1840, in company with Madame Cardinal, her +friend, created a disturbance during one of Bobino's performances at a +small theatre near the Luxembourg, where Olympe Cardinal was playing. +While playing the "jeune premiere" she was recognized by her mother. +[The Middle Classes.] + +MAHUCHET (Madame), women's shoemaker, "a very foul-mouthed woman," in +the language of Madame Nourrisson; mother of seven children. After +having dunned a countess, to no avail, for a hundred francs that was +due her, she conceived the idea of carrying off the silverware, on +display at a grand dinner to be given by her debtor one evening, as a +pledge. She promptly returned, however, the silver she had taken, upon +finding that it was white metal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +MALAGA, surname of Marguerite Turquet. + +MALASSIS (Jeanne), from the country, a servant of Pingret, who was an +avaricious and wealthy old peasant of the suburbs of Limoges. Mortally +injured while hastening to the assistance of her master, who was +robbed and murdered, she was the second victim of J.-F. Tascheron. +[The Country Parson.] + +MALFATTI, Venetian doctor; in 1820 called into consultation with one +of his fellow-physicians in France, concerning the sickness of the Duc +Cataneo. [Massimilla Doni.] + +MALIN. (See Gondreville.) + +MALLET, policeman in the department of Orne in 1809. Ordered to find +and arrest Madame Bryond des Minieres, he let her escape, by means of +an agreement with his comrade, Ratel, who was to have aided in her +capture. Having been imprisoned for this deed, Mallet was declared by +Bourlac deserving of capital punishment, and was put to death the same +year. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +MALVAUT (Jenny). (See Derville, Madame.) + +MANCINI (De), Italian, fair, effeminate, madly beloved by La Marana, +who had by him a daughter, Juana-Pepita-Maria de Mancini, later Madame +Diard. [The Maranas.] + +MANCINI (Juana-Pepita-Maria de). (See Diard, Madame.) + +MANERVILLE (De), born in 1731; Norman gentleman to whom the governor +of Guyenne, Richelieu, married one of the wealthiest Bordeaux +heiresses. He purchased a commission as major of the Gardes de la +Porte, in the latter part of Louis XV.'s reign; had by his wife a son, +Paul, who was reared with austerity; emigrated, at the outbreak of the +Revolution, to Martinique, but managed to save his property, Lanstrac, +etc., thanks to Maitre Mathias, head-clerk of the notary. He became a +widower in 1810, three years before his death. [A Marriage +Settlement.] + +MANERVILLE (Paul Francois-Joseph, Comte de), son of the preceding, +born in 1794, received his education in the college at Vendome, +finishing his work there in 1810, the year of his mother's death. He +passed three years at Bordeaux with his father, who had become +overbearing and avaricious; when left an orphan, he inherited a large +fortune, including Lanstrac in Gironde, and a house in Paris, rue de +la Pepiniere. He spent six years in Europe as a diplomat, passing his +vacations in Paris, where he was intimate with Henri de Marsay, and +was a lover of Paquita Valdes. There he was subject to the trifling of +Madame Charles de Vandenesse, then Emilie de Fontaine; also, perhaps, +met Lucien de Rubempre. In the winter of 1821 he returned to Bordeaux, +where he was a social leader. Paul de Manerville received the +appropriate nick-name of "le fleur des pois." Despite the good advice +of his two devoted friends, Maitre Mathias and Marsay, he asked, +through the instrumentality of his great-aunt, Madame de Maulincour, +for the hand of Natalie Evangelista in marriage, and obtained it. +After being wedded five years, he was divorced from his wife and +sailed for Calcutta under the name of Camille, one of his mother's +given names. [The Thirteen. The Ball at Sceaux. Lost Illusions. A +Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Marriage Settlement.] + +MANERVILLE (Comtesse Paul de), wife of the preceding, born +Mademoiselle Natalie Evangelista, non-lineal descendant of the Duke of +Alva, related also to the Claes. Having been spoiled as a child, and +being of a sharp, domineering nature, she robbed her husband without +impoverishing him. She was a leader at Paris as well as at Bordeaux. +As the mistress of Felix de Vandenesse she disliked his dedication to +a story, for in it he praised Madame de Mortsauf. Later, in company +with Lady Dudley and Mesdames d'Espard, Charles de Vandernesse and de +Listomere, she attempted to compromise the Comtesse Felix de +Vandenesse, recently married, with Raoul Nathan. [A Marriage +Settlement. The Lily of the Valley. A Daughter of Eve.] + +MANETTE, under the Restoration at Clochegourde in Touraine, the +Comtesse de Mortsauf's housekeeper, taking her mother's place in the +care of her young master and mistress, Jacques and Madeleine de +Mortsauf. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +MANON. (See Godard, Manon.) + +MANON-LA-BLONDE, during the last years of the Restoration a Paris +prostitute, who fell violently in love with Theodore Calvi, became a +receiver of stolen goods, brought to her by the companion of Jacques +Collin, who committed murder also, at the time of the robbery; she +thus became the indirect or involuntary cause of the Corsican's +arrest. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +MANSEAU (Pere), tavern-keeper at Echelles, a town in Savoie, gave aid +to La Fosseuse, in her poverty, and sheltered this unfortunate woman +in a barn. La Fosseuse became the protegee of Doctor Benassis. [The +Country Doctor.] + +MARANA (La), the last of a long series of prostitutes bearing the same +name; natural descendant of the Herouvilles. She was known to have had +more than one distinguished lover: Mancini, the Duc de Lina, and a +king of Naples. She was notorious in Venice, Milan and Naples. She had +by Mancini one child, whom he acknowledged, Juana-Pepita-Maria, and +had her reared in good morals by the Lagounias, who were under +obligations to her. Upon going to seek her daughter in Tarragone, +Spain, she surprised the girl in company with Montefiore, but scorned +to take vengeance upon him. She accepted as husband of the young girl +M. Diard, who had asked for her hand. In 1823, when she was dying in +the hospital at Bordeaux, Marana once more saw her daughter, still +virtuous, although unhappy. [The Hated Son. The Maranas.] + +MARCAS (Zephirin), born about 1803 in a Bretagne family at Vitre. In +after life he supported his parents who were in poor circumstances. He +received a free education in a seminary, but had no inclination for +the priesthood. Carrying hardly any money he went to Paris, in 1823 or +1824, and after studying with a lawyer became his chief clerk. Later +he studied men and objects in five capitals: London, Berlin, Vienna, +St. Petersburg and Constantinople. For five years he was a journalist, +and reported the proceedings of the "Chambres." He often visited R. de +la Palferine. With women he proved to be of the passionate-timid kind. +With the head of a lion, and a strong voice, he was equal as an orator +to Berryer, and the superior of M. Thiers. For a long time he supplied +the political ability needed by a deputy who had become a minister, +but, convinced of his disloyalty, he overthrew him, only to restore +him for a short time. He once more entered into polemical controversy; +saw the newspapers which had sparkled with his forceful, high-minded +criticism die; and lived miserably upon a daily allowance of thirty +sous, earned by copying for the Palais. Marcas lived at that time, +1836, in the garret of a furnished house on rue Corneille. His +thankless debtor, become minister again, sought him anew. Had it not +been for the hearty attention of his young neighbors, Rabourdin and +Juste, who furnished him with some necessary clothing, and aided him +at Humann's expense, Marcas would not have taken advantage of the new +opportunity that was offered him. His new position lasted but a short +time. The third fall of the government hastened that of Marcas. Lodged +once more on rue Corneille he was taken with a nervous fever. The +sickness increased and finally carried away this unrecognized genius. +Z. Marcas was buried in a common grave in Montparnasse cemetery, +January, 1838. [A Prince of Bohemia. Z. Marcas.] + +MARCHAND (Victor), son of a Parisian grocer, infantry-major during the +campaign of 1808, a lover of Clara Leganes, to whom he was under +obligation; tried, without success, to marry this girl of the Spanish +nobility, who preferred to suffer the most horrible of deaths, +decapitation by the hand of her own brother. [El Verdugo.] + +MARCHE-A-TERRE. (See Leroi, Pierre.) + +MARCILLAC (Madame de). Thanks to some acquaintances of the old regime, +whom she had kept, and to her relationship with the Rastignacs, with +whom she lived quietly, she found the means of introducing to Claire +de Beauseant, Chevalier de Rastignac, her well-beloved grand-nephew-- +about 1819. [Father Goriot.] + +MARCOSINI (Count Andrea), born in 1807 at Milan; although an +aristocrat he took temporary refuge in Paris as a liberal; a wealthy +and handsome poet; took his period of exile in 1834 in good spirits. +He was received on terms of friendship by Mesdames d'Espard and Paul +de Manerville. On the rue Froidmanteau he was constantly in pursuit of +Marianina Gambara; at the Italian Giardini's "table-d'hote" he +discussed musical topics and spoke of "Robert le Diable." For five +years he kept Paolo Gambara's wife as his mistress; then he gave her +up to marry an Italian dancer. [Gambara.] + +MARECHAL, under the Restoration an attorney at Ville-aux-Fayes, +Bourgogne, Montcornet's legal adviser, helped by his recommendation to +have Sibilet appointed steward of Aigues in 1817. [The Peasantry.] + +MARESCHAL, supervisor in the college of Vendome in 1811, when Louis +Lambert became a student in this educational institution. [Louis +Lambert.] + +MAREST (Frederic), born about 1802, son of a rich lumber-merchant's +widow, cousin of Georges Marest; attorney's clerk in Paris, November, +1825; lover of Florentine Cabirolle, who was maintained by Cardot; +made the acquaintance at Maitre Desroches' of Oscar Husson, and took +him to a fete given by Mademoiselle Cabirolle on rue de Vendome, where +his friend foolishly compromised himself. [A Start in Life.] Frederic +Marest, in 1838, having become an examining magistrate in the public +prosecutor's office in Paris, had to examine Auguste de Mergi, who was +charged with having committed robbery to the detriment of Doctor +Halpersohn. [The Seamy Side of History.] The following year, while +acting as king's solicitor at Arcis-sur-Aube, Frederic Marest, still +unmarried and very corpulent, became acquainted with Martener's sons, +Goulard, Michu and Vinet, and visited the Beauvisage and Mallot +families. [The Member for Arcis.] + +MAREST (Georges), cousin of the preceding, son of the senior member of +a large Parisian hardware establishment on rue Saint-Martin. He +became, in 1822, the second clerk of a Parisian notary, Maitre A. +Crottat. He had then as a comrade in study and in pleasure Amaury +Lupin. At this time Marest's vanity made itself absurdly apparent in +Pierrotin's coach, which did service in the valley of Oise; he hoaxed +Husson, amused Bridau and Lora, and vexed the Comte de Serizy. Three +years later Georges Marest had become the chief clerk of Leopold +Hannequin. He lost by debauchery a fortune amounting to thirty +thousand francs a year, and died a plain insurance-broker. [The +Peasantry. A Start in Life.] + +MARGARITIS, of Italian origin, took up his residence in Vouvray in +1831, an old man of deranged mind, most eccentric of speech, and who +pretended to be a vine-grower. He was induced by Vernier to hoax the +famous traveler, Gaudissart, during a business trip of the latter. +[Gaudissart the Great.] + +MARGARITIS (Madame), wife of the insane Margaritis. She kept him near +her for the sake of economy, and made amends to the deceived +Gaudissart. [Gaudissart the Great.] + +MARGUERON, wealthy citizen of Beaumont-sur-Oise, under Louis XVIII., +wished his son to be tax-collector of the district in which he himself +owned the farm lying next to the property of Serizy at Presles, and +which he had leased to Leger. [A Start in Life.] + +MARIANNE, during the Restoration, servant of Sophie Gamard at Tours. +[The Vicar of Tours.] + +MARIANNE, served with Gaucher in Michu's house, October, 1803, in the +district of Arcis-sur-Aube, at Cinq-Cygne. She served her master with +discretion and fidelity. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +MARIAST, owned No. 22 rue da la Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve, Paris, and +let it to Messieurs of d'Espard during nearly the whole period of the +Restoration. [The Commission in Lunacy.] + +MARIE DES ANGES (Mere), born in 1762, Jacques Bricheteau's aunt, +superior of the Ursuline convent at Arcis-sur-Aube, saved from the +guillotine by Danton, had the fifth of April of each year observed +with a mass in her nephew's behalf, and, under Louis Philippe, +protected the descendant of a celebrated Revolutionist, Charles de +Sallenauve; her influence gave him the position of deputy of the +district. [The Member for Arcis.] + +MARIETTE. (See Godeschal, Marie.) + +MARIETTE, born in 1798; from 1817 in the service of the Wattevilles of +Besancon; was under Louis Philippe, despite her extreme homeliness, +and on account of the money she had saved, courted by Jerome, a +servant of Albert Savarus. Mademoiselle de Watteville, who was in love +with the lawyer, used Mariette and Jerome to her own advantage. +[Albert Savarus.] + +MARIETTE, in 1816, cook in the employ of Mademoiselle Cormon, of +Alencon; sometimes received advice from M. du Ronceret; an ordinary +kitchen-maid in the same household, when her mistress became Madame du +Bousquier. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +MARIETTE, was in the employ of La Fosseuse, towards the end of the +Restoration, in the village over which Benassis was mayor. [The +Country Doctor.] + +MARIGNY (Duchesse de), much sought after in the Saint-Germain section; +related to the Navarreins and the Grandlieus; a woman of experience +and good at giving advice; real head of her house; died in 1819. [The +Thirteen.] + +MARIGNY[*] (De), son of the preceding, harebrained, but attractive, +had an attachment for Madame Keller, a middle-class lady of the +Chaussee-d'Antin. [The Thirteen.] + +[*] During the last century the Marignys owned, before the Verneuils, + Rosembray, an estate where a great hunt brought together, 1829, + Cadignan, Chaulieu, Canalis, Mignon, etc. + +MARIN, in 1839, at Cinq-Cygne, in the district of Arcis-sur-Aube, +first valet of Georges de Maufrigneuse and protector of Anicette. [The +Member for Arcis.] + +MARION of Arcis, grandson of a steward in the employ of Simeuse; +brother-in-law of Madame Marion, born Giguet. He had the confidence of +Malin, acquired for him the Gondreville property, and became a lawyer +in Aube, then president of an Imperial court. [The Gondreville +Mystery. The Member for Arcis.] + +MARION, brother of the preceding and brother-in-law of Colonel Giguet, +whose sister became his wife. Through Malin's influence, he became +co-receiver-general of Aube, with Sibuelle as his colleague. [The +Gondreville Mystery. The Member for Arcis.] + +MARION (Madame), wife of the preceding, Colonel Giguet's sister. She +was on intimate terms with Malin de Gondreville. After her husband's +death she returned to her native country, Arcis, where her parlor was +frequented by many guests. Under Louis Philippe, Madame Marion exerted +her powers in behalf of Simon Giguet, the Colonel's son. [The Member +for Arcis.] + +MARION. (See Kolb, Madame.) + +MARIOTTE, of Auxerre, a rival of the wealthy Gaubertin in contracting +for the forest lands of that portion of Bourgogne in which Aigues, the +large estate of Montcornet, was situated. [The Peasantry.] + +MARIOTTE (Madame), of Auxerre, mother of the preceding, in 1823, had +Mademoiselle Courtecuisse in her service. [The Peasantry.] + +MARIUS, the cognomen, become hereditary, of a native of Toulouse, who +established himself as a Parisian hair-dresser and was thus nick-named +by the Chevalier de Parny, one of his patrons, in the early part of +the nineteenth century. He handed down this name of Marius as a kind +of permanent property to his successors. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +MARMUS (Madame), wife of a savant, who was an officer in the Legion of +Honor and a member of the Institute. They lived together on rue +Duguay-Trouin in Paris, and were (in 1840) on intimate terms with +Zelie Minard. [The Middle Classes.] + +MARMUS, husband of the preceding and noted for his absent-mindedness. +[The Middle Classes.] + +MARNEFFE (Jean-Paul-Stanislas), born in 1794, employed in the War +Department. In 1833, while a mere clerk living on twelve hundred +francs a year, he married Mademoiselle Valerie Fortin. Having become +as unprincipled as a convict, under the patronage of Baron Hulot, his +wife's paramour, he left rue du Doyenne to install himself in luxury +in the Saint-Germain section, and later became head-clerk, assistant +chief, and chief of the bureau, chevalier, then officer of the Legion +of Honor. Jean-Paul-Stanislas Marneffe, decayed physically as well as +morally, died in May, 1842. [Cousin Betty.] + +MARNEFFE[*] (Madame). (See Crevel, Madame Celestin.) + +[*] n 1849, at Paris, Clairville produced upon the stage of the + Gymnase-Dramatique, the episodes in the life of Madame Marneffe, + somewhat modified, under the double title, "Madame Marneffe, or + the Prodigal Father" (a vaudeville drama in five acts). + +MARNEFFE (Stanislas), legal son of the preceding couple, suffered from +scrofula, much neglected by his parents. [Cousin Betty.] + +MAROLLES (Abbe de), an old priest, who lived towards the close of the +eighteenth century. Having escaped in September, 1792, from the +massacre of the Carmelite convent, now a small chapel on rue de +Vaugirard, he concealed himself in the upper Saint-Martin district, +near the German Highway. He had under his protection, at this time, +two nuns, who were in as great danger as he, Sister Marthe and Sister +Agathe. On January 22, 1793, and on January 21, 1794, the Abbe de +Marolles, in their presence, said masses for the repose of Louis +XVI.'s soul, having been asked to do so by the executioner of the +"martyr-king," whose presence at mass the Abbe knew nothing of until +January 25, 1794, when he was so informed at the corner of rue des +Frondeurs by Citizen Ragou. [An Episode under the Terror.] + +MARONIS (Abbe de), a priest of great genius, who would have been +another Borgia, had he worn the tiara. He was Henri de Marsay's +teacher, and made of him a complete skeptic, in a period when the +churches were closed. The Abbe de Maronis died a bishop in 1812. [The +Thirteen.] + +MARRON, under the Restoration, a physician at Marsac, Charente; nephew +of the Cure Marron. He married his daughter to Postel, a pharmacist of +Augouleme. He was intimate with the family of David Sechard. [Lost +Illusions. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +MARSAY (De), immoral old gentleman. To oblige Lord Dudley he married +one of the former's mistresses and recognized their son as his own. +For this favor he received a hundred thousand francs per year for +life, money which he soon threw away in evil company. He confided the +child to his old sister, Mademoiselle de Marsay, and died, as he had +lived, away from his wife. [The Thirteen.] + +MARSAY (Madame de). (See Vordac, Marquise de.) + +MARSAY (Mademoiselle de), sister-in-law of the preceding, took care of +her son, Henri, and treated him so well that she was greatly mourned +by him when she died advanced in years. [The Thirteen.] + +MARSAY (Henri de), born between 1792 and 1796, son of Lord Dudley and +the celebrated Marquise de Vordac, who was first united in marriage to +the elder De Marsay. This gentleman adopted the boy, thus becoming, +according to law, his father. The young Henri was reared by +Mademoiselle de Marsay and the Abbe de Maronis. He was on intimate +terms, in 1815, with Paul de Manerville, and was already one of the +all powerful Thirteen, with Bourignard, Montriveau and Ronquerolles. +At that time he found on rue Saint-Lazare a girl from Lesbosen, +Paquita Valdes, whom he wished to make his mistress. He met at the +same time his own natural sister, Madame de San-Real, of whom he +became the rival for Paquita's love. At first Marsay had been the +lover of the Duchesse Charlotte, then of Arabelle Dudley, whose +children were his very image. He was also known to be intimate with +Delphine de Nucingen up to 1819, then with Diane de Cadignan. In his +position as member of the Thirteen Henri was in Montriveau's party +when Antoinette de Langeais was stolen from the Carmelites. He bought +Coralie for sixty thousand francs. He passed the whole of his time +during the Restoration in the company of young men and women. He was +the companion and counselor of Victurnien d'Esgrignon, Savinien de +Portenduere and above all of Paul de Manerville, whose course he +vainly tried to direct after an ill-appointed marriage, and to whom he +announced, as soon as possible, his own union. Marsay aided Lucien de +Rubempre and served for him, with Rastignac, as second in a duel with +Michel Chrestien. The Chaulieu and Fontaine women feared or admired +Henri de Marsay--a man who was slighted by M. de Canalis, the much +toasted poet. The Revolution of July, 1830, made Marsay a man of no +little importance. He, however, was content to tell over his old love +affairs gravely in the home of Felicite des Touches. As prime minister +from 1832 to 1833, he was an habitue of the Princesse de Cadignan's +Legitimist salon, where he served as a screen for the last Vendean +insurrection. There, indeed, Marsay brought to light the secrets, +already old, of Malin's kidnapping. Marsay died in 1834, a physical +wreck, having but a short time before, when Nathan was courting Marie +de Vandenesse, taken part in the intrigue, although he was disgusted +with the author. [The Thirteen. The Unconscious Humorists. Another +Study of Woman. The Lily of the Valley. Father Goriot. Jealousies of a +Country Town. Ursule Mirouet. A Marriage Settlement. Lost Illusions. A +Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Letters of Two Brides. The Ball at +Sceaux. Modeste Mignon. The Secrets of a Princess. The Gondreville +Mystery. A Daughter of Eve.] + +MARTAINVILLE (Alphonse-Louis-Dieudonne), publicist and dramatic +writer, born at Cadiz, in 1776, of French parents, died August 27, +1830. He was an extreme Royalist and, as such, in 1821 and 1822, threw +away his advice and support on Lucien de Rubempre, then a convert to +Liberalism. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] + +MARTENER, well-educated old man who lived in Provins under the +Restoration. He explained to the archaeologist, Desfondrilles, who +consulted him, the reason why Europe, disdaining the waters of +Provins, sought Spa, where the waters were less efficacious, according +to French medical advice. [Pierrette.] + +MARTENER, son of the preceding; physician at Provins in 1827, capable +man, simple and gentle. He married Madame Guenee's second daughter. +When consulted one day by Mademoiselle Habert, he spoke against the +marriage of virgins at forty, and thus filled Sylvie Rogron with +despair. He protected and cared for Pierrette Lorrain, the victim of +this same old maid. [Pierrette.] + +MARTENER (Madame), wife of the preceding, second daughter of Madame +Guenee, and sister of Madame Auffray. Having taken pity on Pierrette +Lorrain in her sickness, she gave to her, in 1828, the pleasures of +music, playing the compositions of Weber, Beethoven or Herold. +[Pierrette.] + +MARTENER, son of the preceding couple, protege of Vinet the elder, +honest and thick-headed. He was, in 1839, examining magistrate at +Arcis-sur-Aube and caucused, during the election season in the spring +of this same year, with the officers, Michu, Goulard, O. Vinet and +Marest. [The Member for Arcis.] + +MARTHA was for a long time the faithful chambermaid of Josephine +Claes; she died in old age between 1828 and 1830. [The Quest for the +Absolute.] + +MARTHE (Sister), a Gray sister of Auvergne; from 1809 to 1816 +instructed Veronique Sauviat--Madame Graslin--in reading, writing, +sacred history, the Old and the New Testaments, the Catechism, the +elements of arithmetic. [The Country Parson.] + +MARTHE (Sister), born Beauseant, in 1730, a nun in the Abbey of +Chelles, fled with Sister Agathe (nee Langeais) and the Abbe de +Marolles to a poor lodging in the upper Saint-Martin district. On +January 22, 1793, she went to a pastry-cook near Saint Laurent to get +the wafers necessary for a mass for the repose of Louis XVI.'s soul. +At this ceremony she was present, as was also the man who had executed +the King. The following year, January 21, 1794, this same ceremony was +repeated exactly. She passed these two years of the Terror under +Mucius Scoevola's protection. [An Episode under the Terror.] + +MARTHE (Sister), in the convent of the Carmelites at Blois, knew two +young women, Mesdames de l'Estorade and Gaston. [Letters of Two +Brides.] + +MARTIN, a woman of a Dauphine village, of which Doctor Benassis was +mayor, kept the hospital children for three francs and a bar of soap +each month. She was, possibly, the first person in the country seen by +Genestas-Bluteau, and also the first to impart knowledge to him. [The +Country Doctor.] + +MARTINEAU, name of two brothers employed by M. de Mortsauf in +connection with his farms in Touraine. The elder was at first a farm- +hand, then a steward; the younger, a warden. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +MARTINEAU, son of one of the two Martineau brothers. [The Lily of the +Valley.] + +MARTY (Jean-Baptiste), actor of melodrama, employe or manager of the +Gaite, before and after the Paris fire of 1836; born in 1779, +celebrated during the Restoration; in 1819 and 1820 he played in +"Mont-Sauvage," a play warmly applauded by Madame Vauquer. This woman +was accompanied to the theatre on the Boulevard du Crime, by her rue +Nueve-Sainte-Genevieve lodger, Jacques Collin, called also Vautrin, on +the evening before his arrest. [Father Goriot.] Marty died, at an +advanced age, in 1868, a chevalier in the Legion of Honor, after +having been for many years mayor of Charenton. + +MARVILLE (De). (See Camusot.) + +MARY, an Englishwoman in the family of Louis de l'Estorade during the +Restoration and under Louis Philippe. [Letters of Two Brides. The +Member for Arcis.] + +MASSIN-LEVRAULT, junior, son of a poor locksmith of Montargis, grand- +nephew of Doctor Denis Minoret, as a result of his marriage with a +Levrault-Minoret; father of three girls, Pamela, Aline, and Madame +Goupil. He bought the office of clerk to the justice of peace in +Nemours, January, 1815, and lived at first with his family in the good +graces of Doctor Minoret, through whom his sister became postmistress +at Nemours. Massin-Levrault, junior, was one of the indirect +persecutors of Ursule de Portenduere. He became a minicipal councilor +after July, 1830, began to lend money to the laboring people at +exorbitant rates of interest, and finally developed into a confirmed +usurer. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +MASSIN-LEVRAULT (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Levrault- +Minoret in 1793, grand-niece of Doctor Denis Minoret on the maternal +side; her father was a victim of the campaign in France. She strove in +every way possible to win the affections of her wealthy uncle, and was +one of Ursule de Portenduere's persecutors. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +MASSOL, native of Carcassonne, licentiate in law and editor of the +"Gazette des Tribunaux" in May, 1830. Without knowing their +relationship he brought together Jacqueline and Jacques Collin, a +boarder at the Concierge, and, acting under Granville's orders, in his +journal attributed Lucien de Rubembre's suicidal death to the rupture +of a tumor. A Republican, through the lack of the particle /de/ before +his name, and very ambitious, he was, in 1834, the associate of Raoul +Nathan in the publication of a large journal, and sought to make a +tool of the poet-founder of this paper. In company with Stidmann, +Steinbock and Claude Vignon, Massol was a witness of the second +marriage of Valerie Marneffe. In 1845, having become a councilor of +state and president of a section, he supported Jenny Cadine. He was +then charged with the administrative lawsuit of S.-P. Gozonal. [Scenes +from a Courtesan's Life. The Magic Skin. A Daughter of Eve. Cousin +Betty. The Unconscious Humorists.] + +MASSON, friend of Maitre Desroches, an attorney, to whom, upon the +latter's advice, Lucien de Rubempre hastened, when Coralie's furniture +was attached, in 1821. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] + +MASSON (Publicola), born in 1795, the best known chiropodist in Paris, +a radical Republican of the Marat type, even resembled the latter +physically; counted Leon de Lora among his customers. [The Unconscious +Humorists.] + +MATHIAS, born in 1753. He started as third clerk to a Bordeaux notary, +Chesneau, whom he succeeded. He married, but lost his wife in 1826. He +had one son on the bench, and a married daughter. He was a good +example of the old-fashioned country magistrate, and gave out his +enlightened opinions to two generations of Manervilles. [A Marriage +Settlement.] + +MATHILDE (La Grande), on terms of friendship with Jenny Courand in +Paris, under the reign of Louis Philippe. [Gaudissart the Great.] + +MATHURINE, a cook, spiritual and upright, first in the employ of the +Bishop of Nancy, but later given a place on rue Vaneau, Paris, with +Valerie Marneffe, by Lisbeth, a relative of the former on her mother's +side. [Cousin Betty.] + +MATIFAT, a wealthy druggist on rue des Lombards, Paris, at the +beginning of the nineteenth century; kept the "Reine des Roses," which +later was handled by Ragon and Birotteau; typical member of the middle +classes, narrow in views and pleased with himself, vulgar in language +and, perhaps, in action. He married and had a daughter, whom he took, +with his wife, to the celebrated ball tendered by Cesar Birotteau on +rue Saint-Honore, Sunday, December 17, 1818. As a friend of the +Collevilles, Thuilliers and Saillards, Matifat obtained for them +invitations from Cesar Birotteau. In 1821 he supported on rue de Bondy +an actress, who was shortly transferred from the Panorama to the +Gymnase-Dramatique. Although called Florine, her true name was Sophie +Grignault, and she became subsequently Madame Nathan. J.-J. Bixiou and +Madame Desroches visited Matifat frequently during the year 1826, +sometimes on rue du Cherche-Midi, sometimes in the suburbs of Paris. +Having become a widower, Matifat remarried under Louis Philippe, and +retired from business. He was a silent partner in the theatre directed +by Gaudissart. [Cesar Birotteau. A Bachelor's Establishment. Lost +Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. The Firm of Nucingen. +Cousin Pons.] + +MATIFAT (Madame), first wife of the preceding, a woman who wore a +turban and gaudy colors. She shone, under the Restoration, in +bourgeois circles and died probably during the reign of Louis +Philippe. [Cesar Birotteau. The Firm of Nucingen.] + +MATIFAT (Mademoiselle), daughter of the preceding couple, attended the +Birotteau ball, was sought in marriage by Adolphe Cochin and Maitre +Desroches; married General Baron Gouraud, a poor man much her elder, +bringing to him a dowry of fifty thousand crowns and expectations of +an estate on rue du Cherche-Midi and a house at Luzarches. [Cesar +Birotteau. The Firm of Nucingen. Pierrette.] + +MAUCOMBE (Comte de), of a Provencal family already celebrated under +King Rene. During the Revolution he "clothed himself in the humble +garments of a provincial proof-reader," in the printing office of +Jerome-Nicolas Sechard at Angouleme. He had a number of children: +Renee, who became Madame de l'Estorade; Jean, and Marianina, a natural +daughter, claimed by Lanty. He was a deputy by the close of 1826, +sitting between the Centre and the Right. [Lost Illusions. Letters of +Two Brides.] + +MAUCOMBE (Jean de), son of the preceding, gave up his portion of the +family inheritance to his older sister, Madame de l'Estorade, born +Renee de Maucombe. [Letters of Two Brides.] + +MAUFRIGNEUSE (Duc de), born in 1778, son of the Prince de Cadignan, +who died an octogenarian towards the close of the Restoration, leaving +then as eldest of the house the Prince de Cadignan. The prince was in +love with Madame d'Uxelles, but married her daughter, Diane, in 1814, +and afterwards lived unhappily with her. He supported Marie Godeschal; +was a cavalry colonel during the reigns of Louis XVIII. and Charles +X.; had under his command Philippe Bridau, the Vicomte de Serizy, +Oscar Husson. He was on intimate terms with Messieurs de Grandlieu and +d'Espard. [The Secrets of a Princess. A Start in Life. A Bachelor's +Establishment. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +MAUFRIGNEUSE (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, born Diane +d'Uxelles in 1796, married in 1815. She was in turn the mistress of +Marsay, Miguel d'Ajuda-Pinto, Victurnien d'Esgrignon, Maxime de +Trailles, Eugene de Rastignac, Armand de Montriveau, Marquis de +Ronquerolles, Prince Galathionne, the Duc de Rhetore, a Grandlieu, +Lucien de Rubempre, and Daniel d'Arthez. She lived at various times in +the following places: Anzy, near Sancerre; Paris, on rue Saint-Honore +in the suburbs and on rue Miromesnil; Cinq-Cygne in Champagne; Geneva +and the borders of Leman. She inspired a foolish platonic affection in +Michel Chrestien, and kept at a distance the Duc d'Herouville, who +courted her towards the end of the Restoration by sarcasm and +brilliant repartee. Her first and last love affairs were especially +well known. For her the Marquis Miguel d'Ajudo-Pinto gave up Berthe de +Rochefide, his wife, avenging thus a former mistress, Claire de +Beauseant. Her liaison with Victurnien d'Esgrignon became the most +stormy of romances. Madame de Maufrigneuse, disguised as a man and +possessed of a passport, bearing the name of Felix de Vandenesse, +succeeded in rescuing from the Court of Assizes the young man who had +compromised himself in yielding to the foolish extravagance of his +mistress. The duchesse received even her tradesmen in an angelic way, +and became their prey. She scattered fortunes to the four winds, and +her indiscretions led to the sale of Anzy in a manner advantageous to +Polydore Milaud de la Baudraye. Some years later she made a vain +attempt to rescue Lucien de Rubempre, against whom a criminal charge +was pending. The Restoration and the Kingdom of 1830 gave to her life +a different lustre. Having fallen heir to the worldly sceptre of +Mesdames de Langeais and de Beauseant, both of whom she knew socially, +she became intimate with the Marquise d'Espard, a lady with whom in +1822 she disputed the right to rule the "fragile kingdom of fashion." +She visited frequently the Chaulieus, whom she met at a famous hunt +near Havre. In July, 1830, reduced to poor circumstances, abandoned by +her husband, who had then become the Prince de Cadignan, and assisted +by her relatives, Mesdames d'Uxelles and de Navarreins, Diane operated +as it were a kind of retreat, occupied herself with her son Georges, +and strengthening herself by the memory of Chrestien, also by +constantly visiting Madame d'Espard, she succeeded, without completely +foregoing society, in making captive the celebrated deputy of the +Right, a man of wealth and maturity, Daniel Arthez himself. In her own +home and in that of Felicite des Touches she heard, between 1832 and +1835, anecdotes of Marsay. The Princess de Cadignan had portraits of +her numerous lovers. She had also one of the /Madame/ whom she had +attended, and upon meeting him, showed it to Marsay, minister of Louis +Philippe. She owned also a picture of Charles X. which was thus +inscribed, "Given by the King." After the marriage of her son to a +Cinq-Cygne, she visited often at the estate of that name, and was +there in 1839, during the regular election. [The Secrets of a +Princess. Modeste Mignon. Jealousies of a Country town. The Muse of +the Department. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Letters of Two Brides. +Another Study of Woman. The Gondreville Mystery. The Member for +Arcis.] + +MAUFRIGNEUSE (Georges de), son of the preceding, born in 1814, had +successively in his service Toby and Marin, took the title of duke +towards the close of the Restoration, was in the last Vendean +uprising. Through his mother's instrumentality, who paved the way for +the match in 1833, he married Mademoiselle Berthe de Cinq-Cygne in +1838, and became heir to the estate of the same name the following +year during the regular election. [The Secrets of a Princess. The +Gondreville Mystery. Beatrix. The Member for Arcis.] + +MAUFRIGNEUSE (Berthe de), wife of the preceding, daughter of Adrien +and Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, married in 1838, although she had been +very nearly engaged in 1833; she lived with all her family on their +property at Aube during the spring of 1839. [Beatrix. The Gondreville +Mystery. The Member for Arcis.] + +MAUGREDIE, celebrated Pyrrhonic physician, being called into +consultation, he gave his judgment on the very serious case of Raphael +de Valentin. [The Magic Skin.] + +MAULINCOUR[*] (Baronne de), born Rieux, an eighteenth century woman +who "did not lose her head" during the Revolution; intimate friend of +the Vidame de Pamiers. At the beginning of the Restoration she spent +half of her time in the suburbs of Saint-Germain, where she managed to +educate her grandson, Auguste Carbonnon de Maulincour, and the +remainder on her estates at Bordeaux, where she demanded the hand of +Natalie Evangelista in marriage for her grand-nephew, Paul de +Manerville. Of the family of this girl she had an unfavorable, but +just opinion. The Baronne de Maulincour died a short time before her +grandson of the chagrin which she felt on account of this young man's +unhappy experiences. [A Marriage Settlement. The Thirteen.] + +[*] Some Maulincourts had, during the last century, a place of + residence on Chausee de Minimes, in the Marais, of which Elie + Magus subsequently became proprietor. + +MAULINCOUR (Auguste Carbonnon de), born in 1797, grandson of the +preceding, by whom he was reared; moulded by the Vidame de Pamiers, +whom he left but rarely; lived on the rue de Bourbon in Paris; had a +short existence, under Louis XVIII., which was full of brilliance and +misfortune. Having embraced a military career he was decorated, +becoming major in a cavalry regiment of the Royal Guard, and +afterwards lieutenant-colonel of a company of body-guards. He vainly +courted Madame de Langeais, fell in love with Clemence Desmarets, +followed her, compromised her, and persecuted her. By his +indiscretions he drew upon himself the violent enmity of Gratien +Bourignard, father of Madame Desmarets. In this exciting struggle +Maulincour, having neglected the warnings that many self-imposed +accidents had brought upon him, also a duel with the Marquis de +Ronquerolles, was fatally poisoned and soon after followed the old +baroness, his grandmother, to Pere-Lachaise. [The Thirteen.] + +MAUNY (Baron de), was killed during the Restoration, or after 1830, in +the suburbs of Versailles, by Victor (the Parisian), who struck him +with a hatchet. The murderer finally took refuge at Aiglemont in the +family of his future mistress, Helene. [A Woman of Thirty.] + +MAUPIN (Camille). (See Touches, Felicite des.) + +MAURICE, valet, employed by the Comte and Comtess de Restaud, during +the Restoration. His master believed his servant to be faithful to his +interests, but the valet, on the contrary, was true to those of the +wife who opposed her husband in everything. [Father Goriot. Gobseck.] + +MEDAL (Robert), celebrated and talented actor, who was on the Parisian +stage in the last years of Louis Philippe, at the time when Sylvain +Pons directed the orchestra in Gaudissart's theatre. [Cousin Pons.] + +MELIN, inn-keeper or "cabaretier" in the west of France, furnished +lodging in 1809 to the Royalists who were afterwards condemned by +Mergi, and himself received five years of confinement. [The Seamy Side +of History.] + +MELMOTH (John), an Irishman of pronounced English characteristics, a +Satanical character, who made a strange agreement with Rodolphe +Castanier, Nucingen's faithless cashier, whereby they were to make a +reciprocal exchange of personalities; in 1821, he died in the odor of +holiness, on rue Ferou, Paris. [Melmoth Reconciled.] + +MEMMI (Emilio). (See Varese, Prince de.) + +MENE-A-BIEN, cognomen of Coupiau. + +MERGI (De), magistrate during the Empire and the Restoration, whose +activity was rewarded by both governments, inasmuch as he always +struck the members of the party out of power. In 1809 the court over +which he presided was charged with the cases of the "Chauffeurs of +Mortagne." Mergi showed great hatred in his dealings with Madame de la +Chanterie. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +MERGI (De), son of the preceding, married Vanda de Bourlac. [The Seamy +Side of History.] + +MERGI (Baronne Vanda de), born Bourlac, of Polish origin on her +mother's side, belonged to the family of Tarlowski, married the son of +Mergi, the celebrated magistrate, and having survived him, was +condemned to poverty and sickness; was aided in Paris by Godefroid, a +messenger from Madame de la Chanterie, and attended by her father and +Doctors Bianchon, Desplein, Haudry and Moise Halpersohn, the last of +whom finally saved her. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +MERGI (Auguste de), during the last half of Louis Philippe's reign was +in turn a collegian, university student and humble clerk in the Palais +at Paris; looked after the needs of his mother, Vanda de Mergi, with +sincerest devotion. For her sake he stole four thousand francs from +Moise Halpersohn, but remained unpunished, thanks to one of the +Brothers of Consolation, who boarded with Madame de la Chanterie. [The +Seamy Side of History.] + +MERKSTUS, banker at Douai, under the Restoration had a bill of +exchange for ten thousand francs signed by Balthazar Claes, and, in +1819, presented it to the latter for collection. [The Quest of the +Absolute.] + +MERLE, captain in the Seventy-second demi-brigade; jolly and careless. +Killed at La Vivetiere in December, 1799, by Pille-Miche (Cibot). [The +Chouans.] + +MERLIN, of Douai, belonged to the convention, of which he was, for two +years, one of the five directors; attorney-general in the court of +appeal; in September, 1805, rejected the appeal of the Simeuses, of +the Hauteserres, and of Michu, men who had been condemned for +kidnapping Senator Malin. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +MERLIN (Hector), came to Paris from Limoges, expecting to become a +journalist; a Royalist; during the two years in which Lucien de +Rubempre made his literary and political beginning, Merlin was +especially noted. At that time he was Suzanne du Val-Noble's lover, +and a polemical writer for a paper of the Right-Centre; he also +brought honor to Andoche Finot's little gazette by his contributions. +As a journalist he was dangerous, and could, if necessary, fill the +chair of the editor-in-chief. In March, 1822, with Theodore Gaillard, +he established the "Reveil," another kind of "Drapeau Blanc." Merlin +had an unattractive face, lighted by two pale-blue eyes, which were +fearfully sharp; his voice had in it something of the mewing of a cat, +something of the hyena's asthmatic gasping. [A Distinguished +Provincial at Paris.] + +MERLIN DE LA BLOTTIERE (Mademoiselle), of a noble family of Tours +(1826); Francois Birotteau's friend. [The Vicar of Tours.] + +MERRET (De), gentleman of Picardie, proprietor of the Grande Breteche, +near Vendome, under the Empire; had the room walled up, where he knew +the Spaniard Bagos de Feredia, lover of his wife, was in hiding. He +died in 1816 at Paris as a result of excesses. [La Grande Breteche.] + +MERRET (Madame Josephine de), wife of the preceding, mistress of Bagos +de Feredia, whom she saw perish almost under her eyes, after she had +refused to give him up to her husband. She died in the same year as +Merret, at La Grande Breteche, as a result of the excitement she had +undergone. The story of Madame de Merret was the subject of a +vaudeville production given at the Gymnase-Dramatique under the title +of "Valentine." [La Grande Breteche.] + +METIVIER, paper merchant on rue Serpente in Paris, under the +Restoration; correspondent of David Sechard, friend of Gobseck and of +Bidault, accompanying them frequently to the cafe Themis, between rue +Dauphine and the Quai des Augustins. Having two daughters, and an +income of a hundred thousand francs, he withdrew from business. [Lost +Illusions. The Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] + +METIVIER, nephew and successor of the preceding, one of whose +daughters he married. He was interested in the book business, in +connection with Morand and Barbet; took advantage of Bourlac in 1838; +lived on rue Saint-Dominique d'Enfer, in the Thuillier house in 1840; +engaged in usurious transactions with Jeanne-Marie-Brigitte, Cerizet, +Dutocq, discounters of various kinds and titles. [The Seamy Side of +History. The Middle Classes.] + +MEYNARDIE (Madame), at Paris, under the Restoration, in all +probability, had an establishment or shop in which Ida Gruget was +employed; undoubtedly controlled a house of ill-fame, in which Esther +van Gobseck was a boarder. [The Thirteen. Scenes from a Courtesan's +Life.] + +MEYRAUX, medical doctor; a scholarly young Parisian, with whom Louis +Lambert associated, November, 1819. Until his death in 1832 Meyraux +was a member of the rue des Quatre-Vents Cenacle, over which Daniel +d'Arthez presided. [Louis Lambert. A Distinguished Provincial at +Paris.] + +MICHAUD (Justin), an old chief quartermaster to the cuirassiers of the +Imperial Guard, chevalier of the Legion of Honor. He married one of +the Montcornet maids, Olympe Charel, and became, under the +Restoration, head warden of the Montcornet estates at Blangy in +Bourgogne. Unknown to himself he was secretly beloved by Genevieve +Niseron. His military frankness and loyal devotion succumbed before an +intrigue formed against him by Sibilet, steward of Aigues, and by the +Rigous, Soudrys, Gaubertins, Fourchons and Tonsards. On account of the +complicity of Courtecuisse and Vaudoyer the bullet fired by Francois +Tonsard, in 1823, overcame the vigilance of Michaud. [The Peasantry.] + +MICHAUD (Madame Justin), born Olympe Charel, a virtuous and pretty +farmer's daughter of Le Perche; wife of the preceding; chambermaid of +Madame de Montcornet--born Troisville--before her marriage and +induction to Aigues in Bourgogne. Her marriage to Justin Michaud was +the outcome of mutual love. She had in her employ Cornevin, Juliette +and Gounod; sheltered Genevieve Niseron, whose strange disposition she +seemed to understand. For her husband, who was thoroughly hated in the +Canton of Blangy, she often trembled, and on the same night that +Michaud was murdered she died from over-anxiety, soon after giving +birth to a child which did not survive her. [The Peasantry.] + +MICHEL, writer at Socquard's cafe and coffee-house keeper at Soulanges +in 1823. He also looked after his patron's vineyard and garden. [The +Peasantry.] + +MICHONNEAU (Christine-Michelle). (See Poiret, the elder, Madame.) + +MICHU, during the progress of and after the French Revolution he +played a part directly contrary to his regular political affiliations. +His lowly birth, his harsh appearance, and his marriage with the +daughter of a Troyes tanner of advanced opinion, all helped to make +his pronounced Republicanism seem in keeping, although beneath it he +hid his Royalist faith and an active devotion to the Simeuses, the +Hauteserres and the Cinq-Cygnes. Michu controlled the Gondreville +estate between 1789 and 1804, after it was snatched from its rightful +owners, and under the Terror he presided over the Jacobin club at +Arcis. As a result of the assassination of the Duc d'Enghien March 21, +1804, he lost his position at Gondreville. Michu then lived not far +from there, near Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, to whom he made known his +secret conduct, and, as a result, became overseer of all the estate +attached to the castle. Having publicly shown his opposition to Malin, +he was thought guilty of being leader in a plot to kidnap the new +Seigneur de Gondreville, and was consequently condemned to death, a +sentence which was executed, despite his innocence, October, 1806. +[The Gondreville Mystery.] + +MICHU (Marthe), wife of the preceding, daughter of a Troyes tanner, +"the village apostle of the Revolution," who, as a follower of +Baboeuf, a believer in racial and social equality, was put to death. A +blonde with blue eyes, and of perfect build, in accordance with her +father's desire, despite her modest innocence, posed before a public +assembly as the Goddess of Liberty. Marthe Michu adored her husband, +by whom she had a son, Francois, but being ignorant for a long time of +his secret, she lived in a manner separated from him, under her +mother's wing. When she did learn of her husband's Royalist actions, +and that he was devoted to the Cinq-Cygnes, she assisted him, but +falling into a skilfuly contrived plot, she innocently brought about +her husband's execution. A forged letter having attracted her to +Malin's hiding-place, Madame Michu furnished all the necessary +evidence to make the charge of kidnapping seem plausible. She also was +cast into prison and was awaiting trial when death claimed her, +November, 1806. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +MICHU (Francois), son of the preceding couple, born in 1793. In 1803, +while in the service of the house of Cinq-Cygne, he ferreted out the +police-system that Giguet represented. The tragic death of his parents +(a picture of one of them hung on the wall at Cinq-Cygne) caused his +adoption in some way or other by the Marquise Laurence, whose efforts +afterwards paved the way for his career as a lawyer from 1817 to 1819, +an occupation which he left, only to become a magistrate. In 1824 he +was associate judge of the Alencon court. Then he was appointed +attorney of the king and received the cross of the Legion of Honor, +after the suit against Victurnien d'Esgrignon by M. du Bosquier and +the Liberals. Three years later he performed similar duties at the +Arcis court, over which he presided in 1839. Already wealthy, and +receiving an income of twelve thousand francs granted him in 1814 by +Madame de Cinq-Cygne, Francois Michu married a native of Champagne, +Mademoiselle Girel, a Troyes heiress. In Arcis he attended only the +social affairs given by the Cinq-Cygnes, then become allies of the +Cadignans, and in fact never visited any others. [The Gondreville +Mystery. Jealousies of a Country Town. The Member for Arcis.] + +MICHU (Madame Francois), wife of the preceding, born Girel. Like her +husband, she rather looked with scorn upon Arcis society, in 1839, and +departed little from the circle made up of government officers' +families and the Cinq-Cygnes. [The Gondreville Mystery. The Member for +Arcis.] + +MIGEON, in 1836, porter in the rue des Martyrs house in which Etienne +Lousteau lived for three years; he was commissioned for nine hundred +francs by Mme. de la Baudraye, who then lived with the writer, to +carry her jewelry to the pawn-broker. [The Muse of the Department.] + +MIGEON (Pamela), daughter of the preceding, born in 1823; in 1837, the +intelligent little waiting-maid of Madame de la Baudraye, when the +baronne lived with Lousteau. [The Muse of the Department.] + +MIGNON DE LA BASTIE (Charles), born in 1773 in the district of Var, +"last member of the family to which Paris is indebted for the street +and the house built by Cardinal Mignon"; went to war under the +Republic; was closely associated with Anne Dumay. At the beginning of +the Empire, as the result of mutual affection, his marriage with +Bettina Wallenrod only daughter of a Frankfort banker took place. +Shortly before the return of the Bourbons, he was appointed +lieutenant-colonel, and became commander of the Legion of Honor. Under +the Restoration Charles Mignon de la Bastie lived at Havre with his +wife, and acquired forthwith, by means of banking, a large fortune, +which he shortly lost. After absenting himself from the country, he +returned, during the last year of Charles X.'s reign, from the Orient, +having become a multi-millionaire. Of his four children, he lost +three, two having died in early childhood, while Bettina Caroline, the +third, died in 1827, after being misled and finally deserted by M. +d'Estourny. Marie-Modeste was the only child remaining, and she was +confided during her father's journeys to the care of the Dumays, who +were under obligations to the Mignons; she married Ernest de la +Bastie-La Briere (also called La Briere-la Bastie). The brilliant +career of Charles Mignon was the means of his reassuming the title, +Comte de la Bastie. [Modeste Mignon.] + +MIGNON (Madame Charles), wife of the preceding, born Bettina +Wallenrod-Tustall-Bartenstild, indulged daughter of a banker in +Frankfort-on-the-Main. She became blind soon after her elder daughter, +Bettina-Caroline's troubles and early death, and had a presentiment of +the romance connected with her younger daughter, Marie-Modeste, who +became Madame Ernest de la Bastie-La Briere. Towards the close of the +Restoration, Madame Charles Mignon, as the result of an operation by +Desplein, recovered her sight and was a witness of Marie-Modeste's +happiness. [Modeste Mignon.] + +MIGNON (Bettina-Caroline), elder daughter of the preceding couple; +born in 1805, the very image of her father; a typical Southern girl; +was favored by her mother over her younger sister, Marie-Modeste, a +kind of "Gretchen," who was similar in appearance to Madame Mignon. +Bettina-Caroline was seduced, taken away and finally deserted by a +"gentleman of fortune," named D'Estourny, and shortly sank at Havre +under the load of her sins and suffering, surrounded by nearly all of +her family. Since 1827 there has been inscribed on her tomb in the +little Ingouville cemetery the following inscription: "Bettina +Caroline Mignon, died when twenty-two years of age. Pray for her!" +[Modeste Mignon.] + +MIGNON (Marie-Modeste). (See La Bastie-La Briere, Madame Ernest de.) + +MIGNONNET, born in 1782, graduate of the military schools, was an +artillery captain in the Imperial Guard, but resigned under the +Restoration and lived at Issoudun. Short and thin, but of dignified +bearing; much occupied with science; friend of the cavalry officer +Carpentier, with whom he joined the citizens against Maxence Gilet. +Gilet's military partisans, Commandant Potel and Captain Renard, lived +in the Faubourg of Rome, Belleville of the corporation of Berry. [A +Bachelor's Establishment.] + +MILAUD, handsome representative of the self-enriched plebeian branch +of Milauds; relative of Jean-Athanase-Polydore Milaud de la Baudraye, +in whose marriage he put no confidence, and from whom he expected to +receive an inheritance. Under the favor of Marchangy, he undertook the +career of a public prosecutor. Under Louis XVIII. he was a deputy at +Angouleme, a position to which he was succeeded by maitre Petit-Claud. +Milaud eventually performed the same duties at Nevers, which was +probably his native country. [Lost Illusions. The Muse of the +Department.] + +MILAUD DE LA BAUDRAYE. (See La Baudraye.) + +MILLET, Parisian grocer, on rue Chanoinesse, in 1836 attended to the +renting of a small unfurnished room in Madame de la Chanterie's house; +gave Godefroid information, after having submitted him to a rigid +examination. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +MINARD (Louis), refractory "chauffeur," connected with the Royalist +insurrection in western France, 1809, was tried at the bar of justice, +where Bourlac and Mergi presided; he was executed the same year that +he was condemned to death. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +MINARD (Auguste-Jean-Francois), as clerk to the minister of finances +he received a salary of fifteen hundred francs. In the florist +establishment of a fellow-workman's sister, Mademoiselle Godard, of +rue Richelieu, he met a clerk, Zelie Lorain, the daughter of a porter. +He fell in love with her, married her, and had by her two children, +Julien and Prudence. He lived near the Courcelles gate, and as an +economical worker of retiring disposition he was made the butt of +J.-J. Bixiou's jests in the Treasury Department. Necessity gave him +fortitude and originality. After giving up his position in December, +1824, Minard opened a trade in adulterated teas and chocolates, and +subsequently became a distiller. In 1835 he was the richest merchant +in the vicinity, having an establishment on the Place Maubert and one +of the best houses on the rue des Macons-Sorbonne. In 1840 Minard +became mayor of the eleventh district, where he lived, judge of the +tribunal of commerce, and officer of the Legion of Honor. He +frequently met his former colleagues of the period of the Restoration: +Colleville, Thuillier, Dutocq, Fleury, Phellion, Xavier Rabourdin, +Saillard, Isidore Baudoyer and Godard. [The Government Clerks. The +Firm of Nucingen. The Middle Classes.] + +MINARD (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Zelie Lorain, daughter of +a porter. On account of her cold and prudent disposition, she did not +persist long in her trial at the Conservatory, but became a florist's +girl in Mademoiselle Godard's establishment on rue Richelieu. After +her marriage to Francois Minard she gave birth to two children, and, +with the help of Madame Lorain, her mother, reared them comfortably +near the Courcelles gate. Under Louis Philippe, having become rich, +and living in that part of the Saint-Germain suburbs which lies next +to Saint-Jacques, she showed, as did her husband, the silly pride of +the enriched mediocrity. [The Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] + +MINARD (Julien), son of the preceding couple, attorney; at first +considered "the family genius." In 1840 he committed some +indiscretions with Olympe Cardinal, creator of "Love's Telegraphy," +played at Mourier's small theatre[*] on the Boulevard. His dissipation +ended in a separation brought about by Julien's parents, who +contributed to the support of the actress, then become Madame Cerizet. +[The Middle Classes.] + +[*] This theatre was built in 1831 on the Boulevard du Temple, where + the first Ambigu had been situated; it was afterwards moved to No. + 40, rue de Bondy, December 30, 1862. + +MINARD (Prudence), sister of the preceding, was sought in marriage by +Felix Gaudissart towards the end of Louis Philippe's reign. [The +Middle Classes. Cousin Pons.] + +MINETTE,[*] vaudeville actress on rue de Chartres, during the +Restoration, died during the first part of the Second Empire, lawful +wife of a director of the Gaz; was well known for her brilliancy, and +was responsible for the saying that "Time is a great faster," quoted +sometimes before Lucien de Rubempre in 1821-22. [A Distinguished +Provincial at Paris.] + +[*] Minette married M. Marguerite; she lived in Paris during the last + years of her life in the large house at the corner of rue Saint- + Georges and rue Provence. + +MINORETS (The), representatives of the well-known "company of army +contractors," in which Mademoiselle Sophie Laguerre's steward, who +preceded Gaubertin at Aigues, in Bourgogne, acquired a one-third +share, after giving up his stewardship. [The Peasantry.] The relatives +of Madame Flavie Colleville, daughter of a ballet-dancer, who was +supported by Galathionne and, perhaps, by the contractor, Du +Bourguier, were connected with the Minorets, probably the army +contractor Minorets. [The Government Clerks.] + +MINORET (Doctor Denis), born in Nemours in 1746, had the support of +Dupont, deputy to the States-General in 1789, who was his fellow- +citizen; he was intimate with the Abbe Morellet, also the pupil of +Rouelle the chemist, and an ardent admirer of Diderot's friend, +Bordeu, by means of whom, or his friends, he gained a large practice. +Denis Minoret invented the Lelievre balm, became an acquaintance and +protector of Robespierre, married the daughter of the celebrated +harpsichordist, Valentin Mirouet, died suddenly, soon after the +execution of Madame Roland. The Empire, like the former governments, +recompensed Minoret's ability, and he became consulting physician to +His Imperial and Royal Majesty, in 1805, chief hospital physician, +officer of the Legion of Honor, chevalier of Saint-Michel, and member +of the Institute. Upon withdrawing to Nemours, January, 1815, he lived +there in company with his ward, Ursule Mirouet, daughter of his +brother-in-law, Joseph Mirouet, later Madame Savinien de Portenduere, +a girl whom he had taken care of since she had become an orphan. As +she was the living image of the late Madame Denis Minoret, he loved +her so devotedly that his lawful heirs, Minoret-Levrault, Massin, +Cremiere, fearing that they would lose a large inheritance, mistreated +the adopted child. Doctor Minoret, at the time when he was worried +over their plotting, saw Bouvard, a fellow-Parisian with whom he had +formerly associated, and through his influence interested himself +greatly in the subject of magnetism. In 1835, surrounded by some of +his nearest relatives, Minoret died at an advanced age, having been +converted from the philosophy of Voltaire through the influence of +Ursule, whom he remembered substantially in his will. [Ursule +Mirouet.] + +MINORET-LEVRAULT (Francois), son of the oldest brother of the +preceding, and his nearest heir, born in 1769, strong but uncouth and +illiterate, had charge of the post-horses and was keeper of the best +tavern in Nemours, as a result of his marriage with Zelie Levrault- +Cremiere, an only daughter. After the Revolution of 1830 he became +deputy-mayor. As principle heir to Doctor Minoret's estate he was the +bitterest persecutor of Ursule Mirouet, and made away with the will +which favored the young girl. Later, being compelled to restore her +property, overcome by remorse, and sorrowing for his son, who was the +victim of a runaway, and for his insane wife, Francois Minoret- +Levrault became the faithful keeper of the property of Ursule, who had +then become Madame Savinien de Portenduere. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +MINORET-LEVRAULT (Madame Francois), wife of the preceding, born Zelie +Levrault-Cremiere, physically feeble, sour of countenance and action, +harsh, greedy, as illiterate as her husband, brought him as dower half +of her maiden name (a local tradition) and a first-class tavern. She +was, in reality, the manager of the Nemours post-house. She worshiped +her son Desire, whose tragic death was sufficient punishment for her +avaricious persecutions of Ursule de Portenduere. She died insane in +Doctor Blanche's sanitarium in the village of Passy[*] in 1841. [Ursule +Mirouet.] + +[*] Since 1860 a suburb of Paris. + +MINORET (Desire), son of the preceding couple, born in 1805. Obtained +a half scholarship in the Louis-le-Grand lyceum in Paris, through the +instrumentality of Fontanes, an acquaintance of Dr. Minoret; finally +studied law. Under Goupil's leadership he became somewhat dissipated +as a young man, and loved in turn Esther van Gobseck and Sophie +Grignault--Florine--who, after declining his offer of marriage, became +Madame Nathan. Desire Minoret was not actively associated with his +family in the persecution of Ursule de Portenduere. The Revolution of +1830 was advantageous to him. He took part during the three glorious +days of fighting, received the decoration, and was selected to be +deputy attorney to the king at Fontainebleau. He died as a result of +the injuries received in a runaway, October, 1836. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +MIRAH (Josepha), born in 1814. Natural daughter of a wealthy Jewish +banker, abandoned in Germany, although she bore as a sign of her +identity an anagram of her Jewish name, Hiram. When fifteen years old +and a working girl in Paris, she was found out and misled by Celestine +Crevel, whom she left eventually for Hector Hulot, a more liberal man. +The munificence of the commissary of stores exalted her socially, and +gave her the opportunity of training her voice. Her vocal attainments +established her as a prima donna, first at the Italiens, then on rue +le Peletier. After Hector Hulot became a bankrupt, she abandoned him +and his house on rue Chauchat, near the Royal Academy, where, at +different times, had lived Tullia, Comtesse du Bruel and Heloise +Brisetout. The Duc d'Herouville became Mademoiselle Mirah's lover. +This affair led to an elegant reception on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque to +which all Paris received invitation. Josepha had at all times many +followers. One of the Kellers and the Marquis d'Esgrignon made fools +of themselves over her. Eugene de Rastignac, at that time minister, +invited her to his home, and insisted upon her singing the celebrated +cavatina from "La Muette." Irregular in her habits, whimisical, +covetous, intelligent, and at times good-natured, Josepha Mirah gave +some proof of generosity when she helped the unfortunate Hector Hulot, +for whom she went so far as to get Olympe Grenouville. She finally +told Madame Adeline Hulot of the baron's hiding-place on the Passage +du Soleil in the Petite-Pologne section. [Cousin Betty.] + +MIRAULT, name of one branch of the Bargeton family, merchants in +Bordeaux during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. [Lost +Illusions.] + +MIRBEL (Madame de), well-known miniature-painter from 1796 to 1849; +made successively the portrait of Louise de Chaulieu, given by this +young woman to the Baron de Macumer, her future husband; of Lucien de +Rubempre for Esther Gobseck; of Charles X. for the Princess of +Cadignan, who hung it on the wall of her little salon on rue +Miromesnil, after the Revolution of 1830. This last picture bore the +inscription, "Given by the King." [Letters of Two Brides. Scenes from +a Courtesan's Life. The Secrets of a Princess.] + +MIROUET (Ursule). (See Portenduere, Vicomtesse Savinien de.) + +MIROUET (Valentin), celebrated harpsichordist and instrument-maker; +one of the best known French organists; father-in-law of Doctor +Minoret; died in 1785. His business was bought by Erard. [Ursule +Mirouet.] + +MIROUET (Joseph), natural son of the preceding and brother-in-law of +Doctor Denis Minoret. He was a good musician and of a Bohemian +disposition. He was a regiment musician during the wars in the latter +part of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth centuries. +He passed through Germany, and while there married Dinah Grollman, by +whom he had a daughter, Ursule, later the Vicomtesse de Portenduere, +who had been left a penniless orphan in her early youth. [Ursule +Mirouet.] + +MITANT (La), a very poor woman of Conches in Bourgogne, who was +condemned for having let her cow graze on the Montcornet estate. In +1823 the animal was seized by the deputy, Brunet, and his assistants, +Vermichel and Fourchon. [The Peasantry.] + +MITOUFLET, old grenadier of the Imperial Guard, husband of a wealthy +vineyard proprietress, kept the tavern Soleil d'Or at Vouvray in +Touraine. After 1830 Felix Gaudissart lived there and Mitouflet served +as his second in a harmless duel brought on by a practical joke played +on the illustrious traveling salesman, dupe of the insane Margaritis. +[Gaudissart the Great.] + +MITOUFLET, usher to the minister of war under Louis Philippe, in the +time of Cottin de Wissembourg, Hulot d'Ervy and Marneffe. [Cousin +Betty.] + +MITRAL, a bachelor, whose eyes and face were snuff-colored, a bailiff +in Paris during the Restoration, also at the same time a money-lender. +He numbered among his patrons Molineux and Birotteau. He was invited +to the celebrated ball given in December, 1818, by the perfumer. Being +a maternal uncle of Isidore Baudoyer, connected in a friendly way with +Bidault--Gigonnet--and Esther-Jean van Gobseck, Mitral, by their good- +will, obtained his nephew's appointment to the Treasury, December, +1824. He spent his time then in Isle-Adam, the Marais and the Saint- +Marceau section, places of residence of his numerous family. In +possession of a fortune, which undoubtedly would go later to the +Isidore Baudoyers, Mitral retired to the Seine-et-Oise division. +[Cesar Birotteau. The Government Clerks.] + +MIZERAI, in 1836 a restaurant-keeper on rue Michel-le-Comte, Paris. +Zephirin Marcas took his dinners with him at the rate of nine sous. +[Z. Marcas.] + +MODINIER, steward to Monsieur de Watteville; "governor" of Rouxey, the +patrimonial estate of the Wattevilles. [Albert Savarus.] + +MOINOT, in 1815 mail-carrier for the Chaussee-d'Antin; married and the +father of four children; lived in the fifth story at 11, rue des +Trois-Freres, now known as rue Taitbout. He innocently exposed the +address of Paquita Valdes to Laurent, a servant of Marsay, who +artfully tried to obtain it for him. "My name," said the mail-carrier +to the servant, "is written just like /Moineau/ (sparrow)--M-o-i-n-o- +t." "Certainly," replied Laurent. [The Thirteen.] + +MOISE, Jew, who was formerly a leader of the /rouleurs/ in the South. +His wife, La Gonore, was a widow in 1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's +Life.] + +MOISE, a Troyes musician, whom Madame Beauvisage thought of employing +in 1839 as the instructor of her daughter, Cecile, at Arcis-sur-Aube. +[The Member for Arcis.] + +MOLINEUX (Jean-Baptiste), Parisian landlord, miserly and selfish. +Mesdames Crochard lived in one of his houses between rue du +Tourniquet-Saint-Jean and rue la Tixeranderie, in 1815. Mesdames +Leseigneur de Rouville and Hippolyte Schinner were also his tenants, +at about the same time, on rue de Surene. Jean-Baptiste Molineux lived +on Cour-Batave during the first part of Louis XVIII.'s reign. He then +owned the house next to Cesar Birotteau's shop on rue Saint-Honore. +Molineux was one of the many guests present at the famous ball of +December 17, 1818, and a few months later was the annoying assignee +connected with the perfumer's failure. [A Second Home. The Purse. +Cesar Birotteau.] + +MOLLOT, through the influence of his wife, Sophie, appointed clerk to +the justice of the peace at Arcis-sur-Aube; often visited Madame +Marion, and saw at her home Goulard, Beauvisage, Giguet, and Herbelot. +[The Member for Arcis.] + +MOLLOT (Madame Sophie), wife of the preceding, a prying, prating +woman, who disturbed herself greatly over Maxime de Trailles during +the electoral campaign in the division of Arcis-sur-Aube, April, 1839. +[The Member for Arcis.] + +MOLLOT (Earnestine), daughter of the preceding couple, was, in 1839, a +young girl of marriageable age. [The Member for Arcis.] + +MONGENOD, born in 1764; son of a grand council attorney, who left him +an income of five or six thousand. Becoming bankrupt during the +Revolution, he became first a clerk with Frederic Alain, under Bordin, +the solicitor. He was unsuccessful in several ventures: as a +journalist with the "Sentinelle," started or built up by him; as a +musical composer with the "Peruviens," an opera-comique given in 1798 +at the Feydau theatre.[*] His marriage and the family expenses +attendant rendered his financial condition more and more embarrassing. +Mongenod had lent money to Frederic Alain, so that he might be present +at the opening performance of the "Marriage de Figaro." He borrowed, +in turn, from Alain a sum of money which he was unable to return at +the time agreed. He set out thereupon for America, made a fortune, +returned January, 1816, and reimbursed Alain. From this time dates the +opening of the celebrated Parisian banking-house of Mongenod & Co. The +firm-name changed to Mongenod & Son, and then to Mongenod Brothers. In +1819 the bankruptcy of the perfumer, Cesar Birotteau, having taken +place, Mongenod became personally interested at the Bourse,[+] in the +affair, negotiating with merchants and discounters. Mongenod died in +1827. [The Seamy Side of History. Cesar Birotteau.] + +[*] The Feydau theatre, with its dependencies on the thoroughfare of + the same name, existed in Paris until 1826 on the site now taken + by the rue de la Bourse. + +[+] The Bourse temporarily occupied a building on rue Feydau, while + the present palace was building. + +MONGENOD (Madame Charlotte), wife of the preceding, in the year 1798 +bore up bravely under her poverty, even selling her hair for twelve +francs that her family might have bread. Wealthy, and a widow after +1827, Madame Mongenod remained the chief adviser and support of the +bank, operated in Paris on rue de la Victoire, by her two sons, +Frederic and Louis. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +MONGENOD (Frederic), eldest of the preceding couple's three children, +received from his thankful parents the given name of M. Alain and +became, after 1827, the head of his father's banking-house on rue de +la Victoire. His honesty is shown by the character of his patrons, +among whom were the Marquis d'Espard, Charles Mignon de la Bastie, the +Baronne de la Chanterie and Godefroid. [The Commission in Lunacy. The +Seamy Side of History.] + +MONGENOD (Louis), younger brother of the preceding, with whom he had +business association on rue de la Victoire, where he was receiving the +prudent advice of his mother, Madame Charlotte Mongenod, when +Godefroid visited him in 1836. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +MONGENOD (Mademoiselle), daughter of Frederic and Charlotte Mongenod, +born in 1799; she was offered in marriage, January, 1816, to Frederic +Alain, who would not accept this token of gratitude from the wealthy +Mongenods. Mademoiselle Mongenod married the Vicomte de Fontaine. [The +Seamy Side of History.] + +MONISTROL, native of Auvergne, a Parisian broker, towards the last +years of Louis Phillippe's reign, successively on rue de Lappe and the +new Beaumarchais boulevard. He was one of the pioneers in the curio +business, along with the Popinots, Ponses, and the Remonencqs. This +kind of business afterwards developed enormously. [Cousin Pons.] + +MONTAURAN (Marquis Alophonse de), was, in the closing years of the +eighteenth century, connected with nearly all of the well-known +Royalist intrigues in France and elsewhere. He frequently visited, +along with Flamet de la Billardiere and the Comte de Fontaine, the +home of Ragon, the perfumer, who was proprietor of the "Reine des +Roses," from which went forth the Royalist correspondence between the +West and Paris. Too young to have been at Versailles, Alphonse de +Montauran had not "the courtly manners for which Lauzun, Adhemar, +Coigny, and so many others were noted." His education was incomplete. +Towards the autumn of 1799 he especially distinguished himself. His +attractive appearance, his youth, and a mingled gallantry and +authoritativeness, brought him to the notice of Louis XVIII., who +appointed him governor of Bretagne, Normandie, Maine and Anjou. Under +the name of Gras, having become commander of the Chouans, in +September, the marquis conducted them in an attack against the Blues +on the plateau of La Pelerine, which extends between Fougeres, Ille- +et-Vilaine, and Ernee, Mayenne. Madame du Gua did not leave him even +then. Alphonse de Montauran sought the hand of Mademoiselle d'Uxelles, +after leaving this, the last mistress of Charette. Nevertheless, he +fell in love with Marie de Verneuil, the spy, who had entered Bretagne +with the express intention of delivering him to the Blues. He married +her in Fougeres, but the Republicans murdered him and his wife a few +hours after their marriage. [Cesar Birotteau. The Chouans.] + +MONTAURAN (Marquise Alphonse de), wife of the preceding; born Marie- +Nathalie de Verneuil at La Chanterie near Alencon, natural daughter of +Mademoiselle Blanche de Casteran, who was abbess of Notre-Dame de Seez +at the time of her death, and of Victor-Amedee, Duc de Verneuil, who +owned her and left her an inheritance, at the expense of her +legitimate brother. A lawsuit between brother and sister resulted. +Marie-Nathalie lived then with her guardian, the Marechal Duc de +Lenoncourt, and was supposed to be his mistress. After vainly trying +to bring him to the point of marriage she was cast off by him. She +passed through divers political and social paths during the +Revolutionary period. After having shone in court circles she had +Danton for a lover. During the autumn of 1799 Fouche hired Marie de +Verneuil to betray Alphonse de Montauran, but the lovely spy and the +chief of the Chouans fell in love with each other. They were united in +marriage a few hours before their death towards the end of that year, +1799, in which Jacobites and Chouans fought on Bretagne soil. Madame +de Montauran was attired in her husband's clothes when a Republican +bullet killed her. [The Chouans.] + +MONTAURAN (Marquis de), younger brother of Alphonse de Montauran, was +in London, in 1799, when he received a letter from Colonel Hulot +containing Alphonse's last wishes. Montauran complied with them; +returned to France, but did not fight against his country. He kept his +wealth through the intervention of Colonel Hulot and finally served +the Bourbons in the gendarmerie, where he himself became a colonel. +When Louis Philippe came to the throne, Montauran believed an absolute +retirement necessary. Under the name of M. Nicolas, he became one of +the Brothers of Consolation, who met in Madame de la Chanterie's home +on rue Chanoinesse. He saved M. Auguste de Mergi from being +prosecuted. In 1841 Montauran was seen on rue du Montparnasse, where +he assisted at the funeral of the elder Hulot. [The Chouans. The Seamy +Side of History. Cousin Betty.] + +MONTBAURON (Marquise de), Raphael de Valentin's aunt, died on the +scaffold during the Revolution. [The Magic Skin.] + +MONTCORNET (Marechal, Comte de), Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor, +Commander of Saint-Louis, born in 1774, son of a cabinet-maker in the +Faubourg Saint-Antoine, "child of Paris," mingled in almost all of the +wars in the latter part of the eighteenth and beginning of the +nineteenth centuries. He commanded in Spain and in Pomerania, and was +colonel of cuirassiers in the Imperial Guard. He took the place of his +friend, Martial de la Roche-Hugon in the affections of Madame de +Vaudremont. The Comte de Montcornet was in intimate relations with +Madame or Mademoiselle Fortin, mother of Valerie Crevel. Towards 1815, +Montcornet bought, for about a hundred thousand francs, the Aigues, +Sophie Laguerre's old estate, situated between Conches and Blangy, +near Soulanges and Ville-aux-Fayes. The Restoration allured him. He +wished to have his origin overlooked, to gain position under the new +regime, to efface all memory of the expressive nick-name received from +the Bourgogne peasantry, who called him the "Upholsterer." In the +early part of 1819 he married Virginie de Troisville. His property, +increased by an income of sixty thousand francs, allowed him to live +in state. In winter he occupied his beautiful Parisian mansion on rue +Neuve-des-Mathurins, now called rue des Mathurins, and visited many +places, especially the homes of Raoul Nathan and of Esther Gobseck. +During the summer the count, then mayor of Blangy, lived at Aigues. +His unpopularity and the hatred of the Gaubertins, Rigous, Sibilets, +Soudrys, Tonsards, and Fourchons rendered his sojourn there +unbearable, and he decided to dispose of the estate. Montcornet, +although of violent disposition and weak character, could not avoid +being a subordinate in his own family. The monarchy of 1830 +overwhelmed Montcornet, then lieutenant-general unattached, with +gifts, and gave a division of the army into his command. The count, +now become marshal, was a frequent visitor at the Vaudeville.[*] +Montcornet died in 1837. He never acknowledged his daughter, Valerie +Crevel, and left her nothing. He is probably buried in Pere-Lachaise +cemetery, where a monument was to be raised for him under W. +Steinbock's supervision. Marechal de Montcornet's motto was: "Sound +the Charge." [Domestic Peace. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished +Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Peasantry. A +Man of Business. Cousin Betty.] + +[*] A Parisian theatre, situated until 1838 on rue de Chartres. Rue de + Chartres, which also disappeared, although later, was located + between the Palais-Royal square and the Place du Carrousel. + +MONTCORNET (Comtesse de.) (See Blondet, Madame Emile.) + +MONTEFIORE, Italian of the celebrated Milanese family of Montefiore, +commissary in the Sixth of the line under the Empire; one of the +finest fellows in the army; marquis, but unable under the laws of the +kingdom of Italy to use his title. Thrown by his disposition into the +"mould of the Rizzios," he barely escaped being assassinated in 1808 +in the city of Tarragone by La Marana, who surprised him in company +with her daughter, Juana-Pepita-Maria de Mancini, afterwards Francois +Diard's wife. Later, Montefiore himself married a celebrated +Englishwoman. In 1823 he was killed and plundered in a deserted alley +in Bordeaux by Diard, who found him, after being away many years, in a +gambling-house at a watering-place. [The Maranas.] + +MONTES DE MONTEJANOS (Baron), a rich Brazilian of wild and primitive +disposition; towards 1840, when very young, was one of the first +lovers of Valerie Fortin, who became in turn Madame Marneffe and +Madame Celestin Crevel. He saw her again at the Faubourg Saint-Germain +and at the Place or Pate des Italiens, and had occasion for being +envious of Hector Hulot, W. Steinbock and still others. He had revenge +on his mistress by communicating to her a mysterious disease from +which she died in the same manner as Celestin Crevel. [Cousin Betty.] + +MONTPERSAN (Comte de), nephew of a canon of Saint-Denis, upon whom he +called frequently; an aspiring rustic, grown sour on account of +disappointment and deceit; married, and head of a family. At the +beginning of the Restoration he owned the Chateau de Montpersan, eight +leagues from Moulins in Allier, where he lived. In 1819 he received a +call from a young stranger who came to inform him of the death of +Madame de Montpersan's lover. [The Message.] + +MONTPERSAN (Comtesse Juliette de), wife of the preceding, born about +1781, lived at Montpersan with her family, and while there learned +from her lover's fellow-traveler of the former's death as a result of +an overturned carriage. The countess rewarded the messenger of +misfortune in a delicate manner. [The Message.] + +MONTPERSAN (Mademoiselle de), daughter of the preceding couple, was +but a child when the sorrowful news arrived which caused her mother to +leave the table. The child, thinking only of the comical side of +affairs, remarked upon her father's gluttony, suggesting that the +countess' abrupt departure had allowed him to break the rules of diet +imposed by her presence. [The Message.] + +MONTRIVEAU (General Marquis de), father of Armand de Montriveau. +Although a knighted chevalier, he continued to hold fast to the +exalted manners of Bourgogne, and scorned the opportunities which rank +and wealth had offered in his birth. Being an encyclopaedist and "one +of those already mentioned who served the Republic nobly," Montriveau +was killed at Novi near Joubert's side. [The Thirteen.] + +MONTRIVEAU (Comte de), paternal uncle of Armand de Montriveau. +Corpulent, and fond of oysters. Unlike his brother he emigrated, and +in his exile met with a cordial reception by the Dulmen branch of the +Rivaudoults of Arschoot, a family with which he had some relationship. +He died at St. Petersburg. [The Thirteen.] + +MONTRIVEAU (General Marquis Armand de), nephew of the preceding and +only son of General de Montriveau. As a penniless orphan he was +entered by Bonaparte in the school of Chalons. He went into the +artillery service, and took part in the last campaigns of the Empire, +among others that in Russia. At the battle of Waterloo he received +many serious wounds, being then a colonel in the Guard. Montriveau +passed the first three years of the Restoration far away from Europe. +He wished to explore the upper sections of Egypt and Central Africa. +After being made a slave by savages he escaped from their hands by a +bold ruse and returned to Paris, where he lived on rue de Seine near +the Chamber of Peers. Despite his poverty and lack of ambition and +influential friends, he was soon promoted to a general's position. His +association with The Thirteen, a powerful and secret band of men, who +counted among their members Ronquerolles, Marsay and Bourignard, +probably brought him this unsolicited favor. This same freemasonry +aided Montriveau in his desire to have revenge on Antoinette de +Langeais for her delicate flirtation; also later, when still feeling +for her the same passion, he seized her body from the Spanish +Carmelites. About the same time the general met, at Madame de +Beauseant's, Rastignac, just come to Paris, and told him about +Anastasie de Restaud. Towards the end of 1821, the general met +Mesdames d'Espard and de Bargeton, who were spending the evening at +the Opera. Montriveau was the living picture of Kleber, and in a kind +of tragic way became a widower by Antoinette de Langeais. Having +become celebrated for a long journey fraught with adventures, he was +the social lion at the time he ran across a companion of his Egyptian +travels, Sixte du Chatelet. Before a select audience of artists and +noblemen, gathered during the first years of the reign of Louis +Philippe at the home of Mademoiselle des Touches, he told how he had +unwittingly been responsible for the vengeance taken by the husband of +a certain Rosina, during the time of the Imperial wars. Montriveau, +now admitted to the peerage, was in command of a department. At this +time, having become unfaithful to the memory of Antoinette de +Langeais, he became enamored of Madame Rogron, born Bathilde de +Chargeboeuf, who hoped soon to bring about their marriage. In 1839, in +company with M. de Ronquerolles, he beame second to the Duc de +Rhetore, elder brother of Louise de Chaulieu, in his duel with +Dorlange-Sallenauve, brought about because of Marie Gaston. [The +Thirteen. Father Goriot. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at +Paris. Another Study of Woman. Pierrette. The Member for Arcis.] + +MORAND, formerly a clerk in Barbet's publishing-house, in 1838 became +a partner; along with Metivier tried to take advantage of Baron de +Bourlac, author of "The Spirit of Modern Law." [The Seamy Side of +History.] + +MOREAU, born in 1772, son of a follower of Danton, procureur-syndic at +Versailles during the Revolution; was Madame Clapart's devoted lover, +and remained faithful almost all the rest of his life. After a very +adventurous life Moreau, about 1805, became manager of the Presles +estate, situated in the valley of the Oise, which was the property of +the Comte de Serizy. He married Estelle, maid of Leontine de Serizy, +and had by her three children. After serving as manager of the estate +for seventeen years, he gave up his position, when his dishonest +dealings with Leger were exposed by Reybert, and retired a wealthy +man. A silly deed of his godson, Oscar Husson, was, more than anything +else, the cause of his dismissal from his position at Presles. Moreau +attained a lofty position under Louis Philippe, having grown wealthy +through real-estate, and became the father-in-law of Constant-Cyr- +Melchior de Canalis. At last he became a prominent deputy of the +Centre under the name of Moreau of the Oise. [A Start in Life.] + +MOREAU (Madame Estelle), fair-skinned wife of the preceding, born of +lowly origin at Saint-Lo, became maid to Leontine de Serizy. Her +fortune made, she became overbearing and received Oscar Husson, son of +Madame Clapart by her first husband, with unconcealed coldness. She +bought the flowers for her coiffure from Nattier, and, wearing some of +them, she was seen, in the autumn of 1822, by Joseph Bridau and Leon +de Lora, who had just arrived from Paris to do some decorating in the +chateau at Serizy. [A Start in Life.] + +MOREAU (Jacques), eldest of the preceding couple's three children, was +the agent between his mother and Oscar Husson at Presles. [A Start in +Life.] + +MOREAU, the best upholsterer in Alencon, rue de la Porte-de-Seez, near +the church; in 1816 furnished Madame du Bousquier, then Mademoiselle +Rose Cormon, the articles of furniture made necessary by M. de +Troisville's unlooked-for arrival at her home on his return from +Russia. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +MOREAU, an aged workman at Dauphine, uncle of little Jacques Colas, +lived, during the Restoration, in poverty and resignation, with his +wife, in the village near Grenoble--a place which was completely +changed by Doctor Benassis. [The Country Doctor.] + +MOREAU-MALVIN, "a prominent butcher," died about 1820. His beautiful +tomb of white marble ornaments rue du Marechal-Lefebvre at Pere- +Lachaise, near the burial-place of Madame Jules Desmarets and +Mademoiselle Raucourt of the Comedie-Francaise. [The Thirteen.] + +MORILLON (Pere), a priest, who had charge, for some time under the +Empire, of Gabriel Claes' early education. [The Quest of the +Absolute.] + +MORIN (La), a very poor old woman who reared La Fosseuse, an orphan, +in a kindly manner in a market-town near Grenoble, but who gave her +some raps on the fingers with her spoon when the child was too quick +in taking soup from the common porringer. La Morin tilled the soil +like a man, and murmured frequently at the miserable pallet on which +she and La Fosseuse slept. [The Country Doctor.] + +MORIN (Jeanne-Marie-Victoire Tarin, veuve), accused of trying to +obtain money by forging signatures to promissory-notes, also of the +attempted assassination of Sieur Ragoulleau; condemned by the Court of +Assizes at Paris on January 11, 1812, to twenty years hard labor. The +elder Poiret, a man who never thought independently, was a witness for +the defence, and often thought of the trial. The widow Morin, born at +Pont-sur-Seine, Aube, was a fellow-countrywoman of Poiret, who was +born at Troyes. [Father Goriot.] Many extracts have been taken from +the items published about this criminal case. + +MORISSON, an inventor of purgative pills, which were imitated by +Doctor Poulain, physician to Pons and the Cibots, when, as a beginner, +he wished to make his fortune rapidly. [Cousin Pons.] + +MORTSAUF (Comte de), head of a Touraine family, which owed to an +ancestor of Louis XI.'s reign--a man who had escaped the gibbet--its +fortune, coat-of-arms and position. The count was the incarnation of +the "refugee." Exiled, either willingly or unwillingly, his banishment +made him weak of mind and body. He married Blanche-Henriette de +Lenoncourt, by whom he had two children, Jacques and Madeleine. On the +accession of the Bourbons he was breveted field-marshal, but did not +leave Clochegourde, a castle brought to him in his wife's dowry and +situated on the banks of the Indre and the Cher. [The Lily of the +Valley.] + +MORTSAUF (Comtesse de),[*] wife of the preceding; born Blanche- +Henriette de Lenoncourt, of the "house of Lenoncourt-Givry, fast +becoming extinct," towards the first years of the Restoration; was +born after the death of three brothers, and thus had a sorrowful +childhood and youth; found a good foster-mother in her aunt, a +Blamont-Chauvry; and when married found her chief pleasure in the care +of her children. This feeling gave her the power to repress the love +which she felt for Felix de Vandenesse, but the effort which this hard +struggle caused her brought on a severe stomach disease of which she +died in 1820. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +[*] Beauplan and Barriere presented a play at the Comedie-Francaise, + having for a heroine Madame de Mortsauf, June 14, 1853. + +MORTSAUF (Jacques de), elder child of the preceding couple, pupil of +Dominis, most delicate member of the family, died prematurely. With +his death the line of Lenoncourt-Givrys proper passed away, for he +would have been their heir. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +MORTSAUF (Madeleine de), sister of the preceding; after her mother's +death she would not receive Felix de Vandenesse, who had been Madame +de Mortsauf's lover. She became in time Duchesse de Lenoncourt-Givry +(see that name). [The Lily of the Valley.] + +MOUCHE, born in 1811, illegitimate son of one of Fourchon's natural +daughters and a soldier who died in Russia; was given a home, when an +orphan, by his maternal grandfather, whom he aided sometimes as +ropemaker's apprentice. About 1823, in the district of Ville-aux- +Fayes, Bourgogne, he profited by the credulity of the strangers whom +he was supposed to teach the art of hunting otter. Mouche's attitude +and conversation, as he came in the autumn of 1823 to the Aigues, +scandalized the Montcornets and their guests. [The Peasantry.] + +MOUCHON, eldest of three brothers who lived in 1793 in the Bourgogne +valley of Avonne or Aigues; managed the estate of Ronquerolles; became +deputy of his division to the Convention; had a reputation for +uprightness; preserved the property and the life of the Ronquerolles; +died in the year 1804, leaving two daughters, Mesdames Gendrin and +Gaubertin. [The Peasantry.] + +MOUCHON, brother of the preceding, had charge of the relay post-house +at Conches, Bourgogne; had a daughter who married the wealthy farmer +Guerbet; died in 1817. [The Peasantry.] + +MOUGIN, born about 1805 in Toulouse, fifth of the Parisian hair- +dressers who, under the name of Marius, successively owned the same +business. In 1845, a wealthy married man of family, captain in the +Guard and decorated after 1832, an elector and eligible to office, he +had established himself on the Place de la Bourse as capillary artist +emeritus, where his praises were sung by Bixiou and Lora to the +wondering Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +MOUILLERON, king's attorney at Issoudun in 1822, cousin to every +person in the city during the quarrels between the Rouget and Bridau +families. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] + +MURAT (Joachim, Prince). In October, 1800, on the day in which +Bartolomeo de Piombo was presented by Lucien Bonaparte, he was, with +Lannes and Rapp, in the rooms of Bonaparte, the First Consul. He +became Grand Duke of Berg in 1806, the time of the well-known quarrel +between the Simeuses and Malin de Gondreville. Murat came to the +rescue of Colonel Chabert's cavalry regiment at the battle of Eylau, +February 7 and 8, 1807. "Oriental in tastes," he exhibited, even +before acceding to the throne of Naples in 1808, a foolish love of +luxury for a modern soldier. Twenty years later, during a village +celebration in Dauphine, Benassis and Genestas listened to the story +of Bonaparte, as told by a veteran, then became a laborer, who mingled +with his narrative a number of entertaining stories of the bold Murat. +[The Vendetta. The Gondreville Mystery. Colonel Chabert. Domestic +Peace. The Country Doctor.] + +MURET gave information about Jean-Joachim Goriot, his predecessor in +the manufacture of "pates alimentaires." [Father Goriot.] + +MUSSON, well-known hoaxer in the early part of the nineteenth century. +The policeman, Peyrade, imitated his craftiness in manner and disguise +twenty years later, while acting as an English nabob keeping Suzanne +Gaillard. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + + + +N + +NANON, called Nanon the Great from her height (6 ft. 4 in.); born +about 1769. First she tended cows on a farm that she was forced to +leave after a fire; turned away on every side, because of her +appearance, which was repulsive, she became, about 1791, at the age of +twenty-two, a member of Felix Grandet's household at Saumur, where she +remained the rest of her life. She always showed gratitude to her +master for having taken her in. Brave, devoted and serious-minded, the +only servant of the miser, she received as wages for very hard service +only sixty francs a year. However, the accumulations of even so paltry +an income allowed her, in 1819, to make a life investment of four +thousand francs with Monsieur Cruchot. Nanon had also an annuity of +twelve hundred francs from Madame de Bonfons, lived near the daughter +of her former master, who was dead, and, about 1827, being almost +sixty years of age, married Antoine Cornoiller. With her husband, she +continued her work of devoted service to Eugenie de Bonfons. [Eugenie +Grandet.] + +NAPOLITAS, in 1830, secretary of Bibi-Lupin, chief of the secret +police. Prison spy at the Conciergerie, he played the part of a son in +a family accused of forgery, in order to observe closely Jacques +Collin, who pretended to be Carlos Herrera. [Scenes from a Courtesan's +Life.] + +NARZICOF (Princess), a Russian; had left to the merchant Fritot, +according to his own account, as payment for supplies, the carriage in +which Mistress Noswell, wrapped in the shawl called Selim, returned to +the Hotel Lawson. [Gaudissart II.] + +NATHAN (Raoul), son of a Jew pawn-broker, who died in bankruptcy a +short while after marrying a Catholic, was for twenty-five years +(1820-45) one of the best known writers in Paris. Raoul Nathan touched +upon many branches: the journal, romance, poetry and the stage. In +1821, Dauriat published for him an imaginative work which Lucien de +Rubempre alternately praised and criticized. The harsh criticism was +meant for the publisher only. Nathan then put on the stage the "Alcade +dans l'Embarras"--a comedie called an "imbroglio" and presented at the +Panorama-Dramatique. He signed himself simply "Raoul"; he had as +collaborator Cursy--M. du Bruel. The play was a distinct success. +About the same time, he supplanted Lousteau, lover of Florine, one of +his leading actresses. About this time also Raoul was on terms of +intimacy with Emile Blondet, who wrote him a letter dated from Aigues +(Bourgogne) in which he described the Montcornets, and related their +local difficulties. Raoul Nathan, a member of all the giddy and +dissipated social circles, was with Giroudeau, Finot and Bixiou, a +witness of Philip Bridau's wedding to Madame J.-J. Rouget. He visited +Florentine Cabirolle, when the Marests and Oscar Husson were there, +and appeared often on the rue Saint-Georges, at the home of Esther van +Gobseck, who was already much visited by Blondet, Bixiou and Lousteau. +Raoul, at this time, was much occupied with the press, and made a +great parade of Royalism. The accession of Louis Philippe did not +diminish the extended circle of his relations. The Marquise d'Espard +received him. It was at her house that he heard evil reports of Diane +de Cadignan, greatly to the dissatisfaction of Daniel d'Arthez, also +present. Marie de Vandenesse, just married, noticed Nathan, who was +handsome by reason of an artistic, uncouth ugliness, and elegant +irregularity of features, and Raoul resolved to make the most of the +situation. Although turned Republican, he took very readily to the +idea of winning a lady of the aristocracy. The conquest of Madame the +Comtesse de Vandenesse would have revenged him for the contempt shown +him by Lady Dudley, but, fallen into the hands of usurers, fascinated +with Florine, living in pitiable style in a passage between the rue +Basse-du-Rempart and the rue Neuve-des-Mathurins, and being often +detained on the rue Feydau, in the offices of a paper he had founded, +Raoul failed in his scheme in connection with the countess, whom +Vandenesse even succeeded in restoring to his own affections, by very +skilful play with Florine. During the first years of Louis Philippe's +reign, Nathan presented a flaming and brilliant drama, the two +collaborators in which were Monsieur and Madame Marie Gaston, whose +names were indicated on the hand-bills by stars only. In his younger +days he had had a play of his put on at the Odeon, a romantic work +after the style of "Pinto,"[*] at a time when the classic was +dominant, and the stage had been so greatly stirred up for three days +that the play was prohibited. At another time he presented at the +Theatre-Francais a great drama that fell "with all the honors of war, +amid the roar of newspaper cannon." In the winter of 1837-38, Vanda de +Mergi read a new romance of Nathan's, entitled "La Perle de Dol." The +memory of his social intrigues still haunted Nathan when he returned +so reluctantly to M. de Clagny, who demanded it of him, a printed +note, announcing the birth of Melchior de la Baudraye, as follows: +"Madame la Baronne de la Baudraye is happily delivered of a child; M. +Etienne Lousteau has the honor of announcing it to you." Nathan sought +the society of Madame de la Baudraye, who got from him, in the rue de +Chartres-du-Roule, at the home of Beatrix de Rochefide, a certain +story, to be arranged as a novel, related more or less after the style +of Sainte-Beuve, concerning the Bohemians and their prince, Rusticoli +de la Palferine. Raoul cultivated likewise the society of the Marquise +de Rochefide, and, one evening of October, 1840, a proscenium box at +the Varietes was the means of bringing together Canalis, Nathan and +Beatrix. Received everywhere, perfectly at home in Marguerite +Turquet's boudoir, Raoul, as a member of a group composed of Bixiou, +La Palferine and Maitre Cardot, heard Maitre Desroches tell how +Cerizet made use of Antonia Chocardelle, to "get even" with Maxime de +Trailles. Nathan afterwards married his misress, Florine, whose maiden +name was really Sophie Grignault. [Lost Illusions. A Distinguished +Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Secrets of a +Princess. A Daughter of Eve. Letters of Two Brides. The Seamy Side of +History. The Muse of the Department. A Prince of Bohemia. A Man of +Business, The Unconscious Humorists.] + +[*] A drama by Nepomucene Lemercier; according to Labitte, "the first + work of the renovated stage." + +NATHAN,[*] (Madame Raoul), wife of the preceding, born Sophie +Grignault, in 1805, in Bretagne. She was a perfect beauty, her foot +alone left something to be desired. When very young she tried the +double career of pleasure and the stage under the now famous name of +Florine. The details of her early life are rather obscure: Madame +Nathan, as supernumerary of the Gaite, had six lovers, before choosing +Etienne Lousteau in that relation in 1821. She was at that time +closely connected with Florentine Cabirolle, Claudine Chaffaroux, +Coralie and Marie Godeschal. She had also a supporter in Matifat, the +druggist, and lodged on the rue de Bondy, where, after a brilliant +success at the Panorama-Dramatique, with Coralie and Bouffe, she +received in maginficent style the diplomatists, Lucien de Rubempre, +Camusot and others. Florine soon made an advantageous change in lover, +home, theatre and protector; Nathan, whom she afterwards married, +supplanted Lousteau about the middle of Louis Philippe's reign. Her +home was on rue Hauteville intead of rue de Bondy; and she had moved +from the stage of the Panorama to that of the Gymnase. Having made an +engagement at the theatre of the Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle, she met +there her old rival, Coralie, against whom she organized a cabal; she +was distinguished for the brilliancy of her costumes, and brought into +her train of followers successively the opulent Dudley, Desire +Minoret, M. des Grassins, the banker of Saumur, and M. du Rouvre; she +even ruined the last two. Florine's fortune rose during the monarchy +of July. Her association with Nathan subserved, moreover, their mutual +interests; the poet won respect for the actress, who knew moreover how +to make herself formidable by her spirit of intrigue and the tartness +of her sallies of wit. Who did not know her mansion on the rue +Pigalle? Indeed, Madame Nathan was an intimate acquaintance of +Coralie, Esther la Torpille, Claudine du Bruel, Euphrasie, Aquilina, +Madame Theodore Gaillard, and Marie Godeschal; entertained Emile +Blondet, Andoche Finot, Etienne Lousteau, Felicien Vernou, Couture, +Bixiou, Rastignac, Vignon, F. du Tillet, Nucingen, and Conti. Her +apartments were embellished with the works of Bixiou, F. Souchet, +Joseph Bridau, and H. Schinner. Madame de Vandenesse, being somewhat +enamored of Nathan, would have destroyed these joys and this splendor, +without heeding the devotion of the writer's mistress, on the one +hand, or the interference of Vandenesse on the other. Florine, having +entirely won back Nathan, made no delay in marrying him. [The Muse of +the Department. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. +Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Government Clerks. A Bachelor's +Establishment. Ursule Mirouet. Eugenie Grandet. The Imaginary +Mistress. A Prince of Bohemia. A Daughter of Eve. The Unconscious +Humorists.] + +[*] On the stage of the Boulevard du Temple Madame Nathan (Florine) + henceforth made a salary of eight thousand francs. + +NAVARREINS (Duc de), born about 1767, son-in-law of the Prince de +Cadignan, through his first marriage; father of Antoinette de +Langeais, kinsman of Madame d'Espard, and cousin of Valentin; accused +of "haughtiness." He was patron of M. du Bruel--Cursy--on his entrance +into the government service; had a lawsuit against the hospitals, +which he entrusted to the care of Maitre Derville. He had Polydore de +la Baudraye dignified to the appointment of collector, in +consideration of his having released him from a debt contracted during +the emigration; held a family council with the Grandlieus and +Chaulieus when his daughter compromised her reputation by accepting an +invitation to the house of Montriveau; was the patron of Victurnien +d'Esgrignon; owned near Ville-aux-Fayes, in the sub-prefecture of +Auxerrois, extensive estates, which were respected by Montcornet's +enemies, the Gaubertins, the Rigous, the Soudrys, the Fourchons, and +the Tonsards; accompanied Madame d'Espard to the Opera ball, when +Jacques Collin and Lucien de Rubempre mystified the marchioness; for +five hundred thousand francs sold to the Graslins his estates and his +Montegnac forest, near Limoges; was an acquaintance of Foedora through +Valentin; was a visitor of the Princesse de Cadignan, after the death +of their common father-in-law, of whom he had little to make boast, +especially in matters of finance. The Duc de Navarrein's mansion at +Paris was on the rue du Bac. [A Bachelor's Establishment. The +Thirteen. Jealousies of a Country Town. The Peasantry. Scenes from a +Courtesan's Life. The Country Parson. The Magic Skin. The Gondreville +Mystery. The Secrets of a Princess. Cousin Betty.] + +NEGREPELISSE (De), a family dating back to the Crusades, already +famous in the times of Saint-Louis, the name of the younger branch of +the "renowned family" of Espard, borne during the restoration in +Angoumois, by M. de Bargeton's father-in-law, M. de Negrepelisse, an +imposing looking old country gentleman, and one of the last +representatives of the old French nobility, mayor of Escarbes, peer of +France, and commander of the Order of Saint-Louis. Negrepelisse +survived by several years his son-in-law, whom he took under his roof +when Anais de Bargeton went to Paris in the summer of 1821. [The +Commission in Lunacy. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at +Paris.] + +NEGREPELISSE (Comte Clement de), born in 1812; cousin of the +preceding, who left him his title. He was the elder of the two +legitimate sons of the Marquis d'Espard. He studied at College Henri +IV., and lived in Paris, under their father's roof, on the rue de la +Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve. The Comte de Negrepelisse seldom visited +his mother, the Marquise d'Espard, who lived apart from her family in +the Faubourg Saint-Honore. [The Commission in Lunacy.] + +NEGRO (Marquis di), a Genoese noble, "Knight Hospitaller endowed with +all known talents," was a visitor, in 1836, of the consul-general of +France, at Genoa, when Maurice de l'Hostal gave before Damaso Pareto, +Claude Vignon, Leon de Lora, and Felicite des Touches, a full account +of the separation, the reconciliation, and, in short, the whole +history of Octave de Bauvan and his wife. [Honorine.] + +NEPOMUCENE, a foundling; servant-boy of Madame Vauthier, manager and +door-keeper of the house on the Boulevard Montparnasse, which was +occupied by the families of Bourlac and Mergi. Nepomucene usually wore +a ragged blouse and, instead of shoes, gaiters or wooden clogs. To his +work with Madame Vauthier was added daily work in the wood-yards of +the vicinity, and, on Sundays and Mondays, during the summer, he +worked also with the wine-merchants at the barrier. [The Seamy Side of +History.] + +NERAUD, a physician at Provins during the Restoration. He ruined his +wife, who was the widow of a grocer named Auffray, and who had married +him for love. He survived her. Being a man of doubtful character and a +rival of Dr. Martener, Neraud attached himself to the party of Gouraud +and Vinet, who represented Liberal ideas; he failed to uphold +Pierrette Lorrain, the granddaughter of Auffray, against her +guardians, the Rogrons. [Pierrette.] + +NERAUD (Madame), wife of the preceding. Married first to Auffray, the +grocer, who was sixty years old; she was only thirty-eight at the +beginning of her widowhood; she married Dr. Neraud almost immediately +after the death of her first husband. By her first marriage she had a +daughter, who was the wife of Major Lorrain, and the mother of +Pierrette. Madame Neraud died of grief, amid squalid surroundings, two +years after her second marriage. The Rogrons, descended from old +Auffray by his first marriage, had stripped her of almost all she had. +[Pierrette.] + +NICOLAS. (See Montauran, Marquis de.) + +NINETTE, born in 1832, "rat" at the Opera in Paris, was acquainted +with Leon de Lora and J.-J. Bixiou, who called Gazonal's attention to +her in 1845. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +NOLLAND (Abbe), the promising pupil of Abbe Roze. Concealed during the +Revolution at the house of M. de Negrepelisse, near Barbezieux, he had +in charge the education of Marie-Louise-Anais (afterwards Madame de +Bargeton), and taught her music, Italian and German. He died in 1802. +[Lost Illusions.] + +NISERON, curate of Blangy (Bourgogne) before the Revolution; +predecessor of Abbe Brossette in this curacy; uncle of Jean-Francois +Niseron. He was led by a childish but innocent indiscretion on the +part of his great-niece, as well as by the influence of Dom Rigou, to +disinherit the Niserons in the interests of the Mesdemoiselles +Pichard, house-keepers in his family. [The Peasantry.] + +NISERON (Jean-Francois), beadle, sacristan, chorister, bell-ringer, +and grave-digger of the parish of Blangy (Bourgogne), during the +Restoration; nephew and only heir of Niseron the cure; born in 1751. +He was delighted at the Revolution, was the ideal type of the +Republican, a sort of Michel Chrestien of the fields; treated with +cold disdain the Pichard family, who took from him the inheritance, to +which he alone had any right; lived a life of poverty and +sequestration; was none the less respected; was of Montcornet's party +represented by Brossette; their opponent, Gregoire Rigou, felt for him +both esteem and fear. Jean-Francois Niseron lost, one after another, +his wife and his two children, and had by his side, in his old days, +only Genevieve, natural daughter of his deceased son, Auguste. [The +Peasantry.] + +NISERON (Auguste), son of the preceding; soldier of the Republic and +of the Empire; while an artilleryman in 1809, he seduced, at Zahara, a +young Montenegrin, Zena Kropoli, who died, at Vincennes, early in the +year 1810, leaving him an infant daughter. Thus he could not realize +his purpose of marrying her. He himself was killed, before Montereau, +during the year 1814, by the bursting of a shell. [The Peasantry.] + +NISERON (Genevieve), natural daughter of the preceding and the +Montenegrin woman, Zena Kropoli; born in 1810, and named Genevieve +after a paternal aunt; an orphan from the age of four, she was reared +in Bourgogne by her grandfather, Jean-Francois Niseron. She had her +father's beauty and her mother's peculiarities. Her patronesses, +Madame Montcornet and Madame de Michaud, bestowed upon her the surname +Pechina, and, to guard her against Nicholas Tonsard's attentions, +placed her in a convent at Auxerre, where she might acquire skill in +sewing and forget Justin Michaud, whom she loved unconsciously. [The +Peasantry.] + +NOEL, book-keeper for Jean-Jules Popinot of Paris, in 1828, at the +time that the judge questioned the Marquis d'Espard, whose wife tried +to deprive him of the right to manage his property. [The Commission in +Lunacy.] + +NOSWELL (Mistress), a rich and eccentric Englishwoman, who was in +Paris at the Hotel Lawson about the middle of Louis Philippe's reign; +after much mental debate she bought of Fritot the shawl called Selim, +which he said at first it was "impossible" for him to sell. +[Gaudissart II.] + +NOUASTRE (Baron de), a refugee of the purest noble blood. A ruined +man, he returned to Alencon in 1800, with his daughter, who was +twenty-two years of age, and found a home with the Marquis +d'Esgrignon, and died of grief two months later. Shortly afterwards +the marquis married the orphan daughter. [Jealousies of a Country +Town.] + +NOURRISSON (Madame), was formerly, under the Empire, attached to the +service of the Prince d'Ysembourg in Paris. The sight of the +disorderly life of a "great lady" of the times decided Madame +Nourrisson's profession. She set up shop as a dealer in old clothes, +and was also known as mistress of various houses of shame. Intimate +relations with Jacqueline Collin, continued for more than twenty +years, made this two-fold business profitable. The two matrons +willingly exchanged, at times, names and business signs, resources and +profits. It was in the old clothes shop, on the rue Neuve-Saint-Marc, +that Frederic de Nucingen bargained for Esther van Gobseck. Towards +the end of Charles X.'s reign, one of Madame Nourrisson's +establishments, on rue Saint-Barbe, was managed by La Gonore; in the +time of Louis Philippe another--a secret affair--existed at the so- +called "Pate des Italiens"; Valerie Marneffe and Wenceslas Steinbock +were once caught there together. Madame Nourrisson, first of the name, +evidently continued to conduct her business on the rue Saint-Marc, +since, in 1845, she narrated the minutiae of it to Madame Mahuchet +before an audience composed of the well-known trio, Bixiou, Lora and +Gazonal, and related to them her own history, disclosing to them the +secrets of her own long past beginnings in life. [Scenes from a +Courtesan's Life. Cousin Betty. The Unconscious Humorists.] + +NOUVION (Comte de), a noble refugee, who had returned in utter +poverty; chevalier of the Order of Saint-Louis; lived in Paris in +1828, subsisting on the delicately disguised charity of his friend, +the Marquis d'Espard, who made him superintendent of the publication, +at No. 22 rue de la Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve, of the "Picturesque +History of China," and offered him a share in the possible profits of +the work. [The Commission in Lunacy.] + +NOVERRE, a celebrated dancer, born in Paris 1727; died in 1807; was +the rather unreliable customer of Chevrel the draper, father-in-law +and predecessor of Guillaume at the Cat and Racket. [At the Sign of +the Cat and Racket.] + +NUCINGEN (Baron Frederic de), born, probably at Strasbourg, about +1767. At that place he was formerly clerk to M. d'Aldrigger, an +Alsatian banker. Of better judgment than his employer, he did not +believe in the success of the Emperor in 1815 and speculated very +skilfully on the battle of Waterloo. Nucingen now carried on business +alone, and on his own account, in Paris and elsewhere; he thus +prepared by degrees the famous house of the rue Saint-Lazare, and laid +the foundation of a fortune, which, under Louis Philippe, reached +almost eighteen million francs. At this period he married one of the +two daughters of a rich vermicelli-maker, Mademoiselle Delphine +Goriot, by whom he had a daughter, Augusta, eventually the wife of +Eugene de Rastignac. From the first years of the Restoration may be +dated the real brilliancy of his career, the result of a combination +with the Kellers, Ferdinand du Tillet, and Eugene de Rastignac in the +successful manipulation of schemes in connection with the Wortschin +mines, followed by opportune assignments and adroitly managed cases of +bankruptcy. These various combinations ruined the Ragons, the +Aiglemonts, the Aldriggers, and the Beaudenords. At this time, too, +Nucingen, though clamorously declaring himself an out-and-out +Bourbonist, turned a deaf ear to Cesar Birotteau's appeals for credit, +in spite of knowing of the latter's consistent Royalism. There was a +time in the baron's life when he seemed to change his nature; it was +when, after giving up his hired dancer, he madly entered upon an amour +with Esther van Gobseck, alarmed his physician, Horace Bianchon, +employed Corentin, Georges, Louchard, and Peyrade, and became +especially the prey of Jacques Collin. After Esther's suicide, in May, +1830, Nuncingen abandoned "Cythera," as Chardin des Lupeaulx had done +before, and became again a man of figures, and was overwhelmed with +favors: insignia, the peerage, and the cross of grand officer of the +Legion of Honor. Nucingen, being respected and esteemed, in spite of +his blunt ways and his German accent, was a patron of Beaudenord, and +a frequent guest of Cointet, the minister; he went everywhere, and, at +the mansion of Mademoiselle des Touches, heard Marsay give an account +of some of his old love-affairs; witnessed, before Daniel d'Arthez, +the calumniation of Diane de Cadignan by every one present in Madame +d'Espard's parlor; guided Maxime de Trailles between the hands, or, +rather, the clutches of Claparon-Cerizet; accepted the invitation of +Josepha Mirah to her reception on the rue Ville-l'Eveque. When +Wenceslas Steinbock married Hortense Hulot, Nucingen and Cottin de +Wissembourg were the bride's witnesses. Furthermore, their father, +Hector Hulot d'Ervy, borrowed of him more than a hundred thousand +francs. The Baron de Nucingen acted as sponsor to Polydore de la +Baudraye when he was admitted to the French peerage. As a friend of +Ferdinand du Tillet, he was admitted on most intimate terms to the +boudoir of Carabine, and he was seen there, one evening in 1845, along +with Jenny Cadine, Gazonal, Bixiou, Leon de Lora, Massol, Claude +Vignon, Trailles, F. du Bruel, Vauvinet, Marguerite Turquet, and the +Gaillards of the rue Menars. [The Firm of Nucingen. Father Goriot. +Pierrette. Cesar Birotteau. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial +at Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Another Study of Woman. The +Secrets of a Princess. A Man of Business. Cousin Betty. The Muse of +the Department. The Unconscious Humorists.] + +NUCINGEN (Baronne Delphine de), wife of the preceding, born in 1792, +of fair complexion; the spoiled daughter of the opulent vermicelli- +maker, Jean-Joachim Goriot; on the side of her mother, who died young, +the granddaughter of a farmer. In the latter period of the Empire she +contracted, greatly to her taste, a marriage for money. Madame de +Nucingen formerly had as her lover Henri de Marsay, who finally +abandoned her most cruelly. Reduced, at the time of Louis XVIII., to +the society of the Chaussee-d'Antin, she was ambitious to be admitted +to the Faubourg Saint-Germain, a circle of which her elder sister, +Madame de Restaud, was a member. Eugene de Rastignac opened to her the +parlor of Madame de Beauseant, his cousin, rue de Greville, in 1819, +and, at about the same time, became her lover. Their liaison lasted +more than fifteen years. An apartment on the rue d'Artois, fitted up +by Jean-Joachim Goriot, sheltered their early love. Having entrusted +to Rastignac a certain sum for play at the Palais-Royal, the baroness +was able with the proceeds to free herself of a humiliating debt to +Marsay. Meanwhile she lost her father. The Nucingen carriage, without +an occupant, however, followed the hearse. [Father Goriot.] Madame de +Nucingen entertained a great deal on the rue Saint-Lazare. It was +there that Auguste de Maulincour saw Clemence Desmarets, and Adolphe +des Grassins met Charles Grandet. [The Thirteen. Eugenie Grandet.] +Cesar Birotteau, on coming to beg credit of Nucingen, as also did +Rodolphe Castanier, immediately after his forgery, found themselves +face to face with the baroness. [Cesar Birotteau. Melmoth Reconciled.] +At this period, Madame de Nucingen took the box at the Opera which +Antoinette de Langeais had occupied, believing undoubtedly, said +Madame d'Espard, that she would inherit her charms, wit and success. +[Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. The Commission +in Lunacy.] According to Diane de Cadignan, Delphine had a horrible +journey when she went to Naples by sea, of which she brought back a +most painful reminder. The baroness showed a haughty and scornful +indulgence when her husband became enamored of Esther van Gobseck. +[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Forgetting her origin she dreamed of +seeing her daughter Augusta become Duchesse d'Herouville; but the +Herouvilles, knowing the muddy source of Nucingen's millions, declined +this alliance. [Modeste Mignon. The Firm of Nucingen.] Shortly after +the year 1830, the baroness was invited to the house of Felicite des +Touches, where she saw Marsay once more, and heard him give an account +of an old love-affair. [Another Study of woman.] Delphine aided Marie +de Vandenesse and Nathan to the extent of forty thousand francs during +the checkered course of their intrigues. She remembered indeed having +gone through similar experiences. [A Daughter of Eve.] About the +middle of the monarchy of July, Madame de Nucingen, as mother-in-law +of Eugene de Rastignac, visited Madame d'Espard and met Maxime de +Trailles and Ferdinand du Tillet in the Faubourg Saint-Germain. [The +Member for Arcis.] + +NUEIL (De), proprietor of the domain of the Manervilles, which, +doubtless, descended to the younger son, Gaston. [The Deserted Woman.] + +NUEIL (Madame de), wife of the preceding, survived her husband, and +her eldest son, became the dowager Comtesse de Nueil, and afterwards +owned the domain of Manerville, to which she withdrew in retirement. +She was the type of the scheming mother, careful and correct, but +worldly. She matched off Gaston, and was thereby involuntarily the +cause of his death. [The Deserted Woman.] + +NUEIL (De), eldest son of the preceding, died of consumption in the +reign of Louis XVIII., leaving the title of Comte de Nueil to his +younger brother, Baron Gaston. [The Deserted Woman.] + +NUEIL (Gaston de), son of the Nueils and brother of the preceding, +born about 1799, of good extraction and with fortune suitable to his +rank. He went, in 1822, to Bayeux, where he had family connections, in +order to recuperate from the wearing fatigues of Parisian life; had an +opportunity to force open the closed door of Claire de Beauseant, who +had been living in retirement in that vicinity ever since the marriage +of Miguel d'Ajuda-Pinto to Berthe de Rochefide; he fell in love with +her, his love was reciprocated, and for nearly ten years he lived with +her as her husband in Normandie and Switzerland. Albert Savarus, in +his autobiographical novel, "L'Ambitieux par Amour," made a vague +reference to them as living together on the shore of Lake Geneva. +After the Revolution of 1830, Gaston de Nueil, already rich from his +Norman estates that afforded an income of eighteen thousand francs, +married Mademoiselle Stephanie de la Rodiere. Wearying of the marriage +tie, he wished to renew his former relations with Madame de Beauseant. +Exasperated by the haughty repulse at the hands of his former +mistress, Nueil killed himself. [The Deserted Woman. Albert Savarus.] + +NUEIL (Madame Gaston de), born Stephanie de la Rodiere, about 1812, a +very insignificant character, married, at the beginning of Louis +Philippe's reign, Gaston de Nueil, to whom she brought an income of +forty thousand francs a year. She was enceinte after the first month +of her marriage. Having become Countess de Nueil, by succession, upon +the death of her brother-in-law, and being deserted by Gaston, she +continued to live in Normandie. Madame Gaston de Nueil survived her +husband. [The Deserted Woman.] + + + +O + +O'FLAHARTY (Major), maternal uncle of Raphael de Valentin, to whom he +bequeathed ten millions upon his death in Calcutta, August, 1828. [The +Magic Skin.] + +OIGNARD, in 1806 was chief clerk to Maitre Bordin, a Parisian lawyer. +[A Start in Life.] + +OLGA, daughter of the Topinards, born in 1840. She was not a +legitimate child, as her parents were not married at the time when +Schmucke saw her with them in 1846. He loved her for the beauty of her +light Teutonic hair. [Cousin Pons.] + +OLIVET, an Angouleme lawyer, succeeded by Petit-Claude. [Lost +Illusions.] + +OLIVIER was in the service of the policeman, Corentin and Peyrade, +when they found the Hauteserres and the Simeuses with the Cinq-Cygne +family in 1803. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +OLIVIER (Monsieur and Madame), first in the employ of Charles X. as +outrider and laundress; had charge of three children, of whom the +eldest became an under notary's clerk; were finally, under Louis +Philippe, servants of the Marneffes and of Mademoiselle Fischer, to +whom, through craftiness or gratitude, they devoted themselves +exclusively. [Cousin Betty.] + +ORFANO (Duc d'), title of Marechal Cottin. + +ORGEMONT (D'), wealthy and avaricious banker, proprietor at Fougeres, +bought the Abbaye de Juvigny's estate. He remained neutral during the +Chouan insurrection of 1799 and came into contact with Coupiau, +Galope-Chopine, and Mesdames du Gua-Saint-Cyr and de Montauran. [The +Chouans.] + +ORGEMONT (D'), brother of the preceding, a Breton priest who took the +oath of allegiance. He died in 1795 and was buried in a secluded spot, +discovered and preserved by M. d'Orgemont, the banker, as a place of +hiding from the fury of the Vendeans. [The Chouans.] + +ORIGET, famous Tours physician; known to the Mortsaufs, chatelains of +Clochegourde. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +ORSONVAL (Madame d'), frequently visited the Cruchot and Grandet +families at Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] + +OSSIAN, valet in the service of Mougin, the well-known hair-dresser on +the Place de la Bourse, in 1845. Ossian's duty was to show the patrons +out, and in this capacity he attended Bixiou, Lora and Gazonal. [The +Unconscious Humorists.] + +OTTOBONI, an Italian conspirator who hid in Paris. In 1831, on dining +at the Giardinis on rue Froidmanteau, he became acquainted with the +Gambaras. [Gambara.] + + + +P + +PACCARD, released convict, in Jacques Collin's clutches, well known as +a thief and drunkard. He was Prudence Servien's lover, and both were +employed by Esther van Gobseck at the same time, Paccard being a +footman; lived with a carriage-maker on rue de Provence, in 1829. +After stealing seven hundred and fifty thousand francs, which had been +left by Esther van Gobseck, he was obliged to give up seven hundred +and thirty thousand of them. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +PACCARD (Mademoiselle), sister of the preceding, in the power of +Jacqueline Collin. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +PALMA, Parisian banker of the Poissoniere suburbs; had, during the +regime of the Restoration and of July, great fame as a financier. He +was "private counsel for the Keller establishment." Birotteau, the +perfumer, at the time of his financial troubles, vainly asked him for +help. [The Firm of Nucingen. Cesar Birotteau.] With Werbrust as a +partner he dealt in discounts as shrewdly as did Gobseck and Bidault, +and thus was in a position to help Lucien de Rubempre. [Gobseck. Lost +Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] He was also M. +Werbrust's associate in the muslin, calico and oil-cloth establishment +at No. 5 rue du Sentier, when Maximilien was so friendly with the +Fontaines. [The Ball at Sceaux.] + +PAMIERS (Vidame de), "oracle of Faubourg Saint-Germain at the time of +the Restoration," a member of the family council dealing with +Antoinette de Langeais, who was accused of compromising herself with +Montriveau. Past-commander of the Order of Malta, prominent in both +the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, old and confidential friend +of the Baronne de Maulincour. Pamiers reared the young Baron Auguste +de Maulincour, defending him with all his power against Bourignard's +hatred. [The Thirteen.] As a former intimate friend of the Marquis +d'Esgrignon, the vidame introduced the Vicomte d'Esgrignon--Victurnien +--to Diane de Maufrigneuse. An intimate friendship between the young +man and the future Princess de Cadignan was the result. [Jealousies of +a Country Town.] + +PANNIER, merchant and banker after 1794; treasurer of the "brigands"; +connected with the uprising of the Chauffeurs of Mortagne in 1809. +Having been condemned to twenty years of hard labor, Pannier was +branded and placed in the galleys. Appointed lieutenant-general under +Louis XVIII., he governed a royal castle. He died without children. +[The Seamy Side of History.] + +PARADIS, born in 1830; Maxime de Trailles' servant-boy or "tiger"; +quick and bold; made a tour, during the election period in the spring +of 1839, through the Arcis-sur-Aube district, with his master, meeting +Goulard, the sub-prefect, Poupart, the tavern-keeper, and the +Maufrigneuses and Mollots of Cinq-Cygne. [The Member for Arcis.] + +PARQUOI (Francois), one of the Chouans, for whom Abbe Gudin held a +funeral mass in the heart of the forest, not far from Fougeres, in the +autumn of 1799. Francois Parquoi died, as did Nicolas Laferte, Joseph +Brouet and Sulpice Coupiau, of injuries received at the battle of La +Pelerine and at the siege of Fougeres. [The Chouans.] + +PASCAL, porter of the Thuilliers in the Place de la Madeleine house; +acted also as beadle at La Madeleine church. [The Middle Classes.] + +PASCAL (Abbe), chaplain at Limoges prison in 1829; gentle old man. He +tried vainly to obtain a confession from Jean-Francois Tascheron, who +had been imprisoned for robbery followed by murder. [The Country +Parson.] + +PASTELOT, priest in 1845, in the Saint-Francois church in the Marais, +on the street now called rue Charlot; watched over the dead body of +Sylvain Pons. [Cousin Pons.] + +PASTUREAU (Jean Francois), in 1829, owner of an estate in Isere, the +value of which was said to have been impaired by the passing by of +Doctor Benassis' patients. [The Country Doctor.] + +PATRAT (Maitre), notary at Fougeres in 1799, an acquaintance of +D'Orgemont, the banker, and introduced to Marie de Verneuil by the old +miser. [The Chouans.] + +PATRIOTE, a monkey, which Marie de Verneuil, its owner, had taught to +counterfeit Danton. The craftiness of this animal reminded Marie of +Corentin. [The Chouans.] + +PAULINE, for a long time Julie d'Aiglemont's waiting-maid. [A Woman of +Thirty.] + +PAULMIER, employed under the Restoration in the Ministry of Finance in +Isidore Baudoyer's bureau of Flamet de la Billardiere's division. +Paulmier was a bachelor, but quarreled continually with his married +colleague, Chazelles. [The Government Clerks.] + +PAZ (Thaddee), Polish descendant of a distinguished Florentine family, +the Pazzi, one of whose members had become a refugee in Poland. Living +contemporaneously with his fellow-citizen and friend, the Comte Adam +Mitgislas Laginski, like him Thaddee Paz fought for his country, later +on following him into exile in Paris, during the reign of Louis +Philippe. Bearing up bravely in his poverty, he was willing to become +steward to the count, and he made an able manager of the Laginski +mansion. He gave up this position, when, having become enamored of +Clementine Laginska, he saw that he could no longer control his +passion by means of a pretended mistress, Marguerite Turquet, the +horsewoman. Paz (pronounced Pac), who had willingly assumed the title +of captain, had seen the Steinbocks married. His departure from France +was only feigned, and he once more saw the Comtesse Laginska, during +the winter of 1842. At Rusticoli he took her away from La Palferine, +who was on the point of carrying her away. [The Imaginary Mistress. +Cousin Betty.] + +PECHINA (La), nick-name of Genevieve Niseron. + +PEDEROTTI (Signor), father of Madame Maurice de l'Hostal. He was a +Genoa banker; gave his only daughter a dowry of a million; married her +to the French consul, and left her, on dying six months later in +January, 1831, a fortune made in grain and amounting to two millions. +Pederotti had been made count by the King of Sardinia, but, as he left +no male heir, the title became extinct. [Honorine.] + +PELLETIER, one of Benassis' patients in Isere, who died in 1829, was +buried on the same day as the last "cretin," which had been kept on +account of popular superstition. Pelletier left a wife, who saw +Genestas, and several children, of whom the eldest, Jacques, was born +about 1807. [The Country Doctor.] + +PEN-HOEL (Jacqueline de), of a very old Breton family, lived at +Guerande, where she was born about 1780. Sister-in-law of the +Kergarouets of Nantes, the patrons of Major Brigaut, who, despite the +displeasure of the people, did not themselves hesitate to assume the +name of Pen-Hoel. Jacqueline protected the daughters of her younger +sister, the Vicomtesse de Kergarouet. She was especially attracted to +her eldest niece, Charlotte, to whom she intended to give a dowry, as +she desired the girl to marry Calyste du Guenic, who was in love with +Felicite des Touches. [Beatrix.] + +PEROUX (Abbe), brother of Madame Julliard; vicar of Provins during the +Restoration. [Pierrette.] + +PERRACHE, small hunchback, shoemaker by trade, and, in 1840, porter in +a house belonging to Corentin on rue Honore-Chevalier, Paris. [The +Middle Classes.] + +PERRACHE (Madame), wife of the preceding, often visited Madame +Cardinal, niece of Toupillier, one of Corentin's renters. [The Middle +Classes.] + +PERRET, with his partner, Grosstete, preceded Pierre Graslin in a +banking-house at Limoges, in the early part of the nineteenth century. +[The Country Parson.] + +PERRET (Madame), wife of the preceding, an old woman in 1829, +disturbed herself, as did every one in Limoges, over the assassination +committed by Jean-Francois Tascheron. [The Country Parson.] + +PERROTET, in 1819, laborer on Felix Grandet's farm in the suburbs of +Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] + +PETIT-CLAUD, son of a very poor tailor of L'Houmeau, a suburb of +Angouleme, where he pursued his studies in the town lyceum, becoming +acquainted at the same time with Lucien de Rubempre. He studied law at +Poitiers. On going back to the chief city of La Charente, he became +clerk to Maitre Olivet, an attorney whom he succeeded. Now began +Petit-Claud's period of revenge for the insults which his poverty and +homeliness had brought on. He met Cointet, the printer, and went into +his employ, although at the same time he feigned allegiance to the +younger Sechard, also a printer. This conduct paved the way for his +accession to the magistracy. He was in turn deputy and king's +procureur. Petit-Claud did not leave Angouleme, but made a profitable +marriage in 1822 with Mademoiselle Francoise de la Haye, natural +daughter of Francis du Hautoy and of Madame de Senonches. [Lost +Illusions.] + +PETIT-CLAUD (Madame), wife of the preceding, natural daughter of +Francis du Hautoy and of Madame de Senonches; born Francoise de la +Haye, given into the keeping of old Madame Cointet; married through +the instrumentality of Madame Cointet's son, the printer, known as +Cointet the Great. Madame Petit-Claud, though insignificant and +forward, was provided with a very substantial dowry. [Lost Illusions.] + +PEYRADE, born about 1758 in Provence, Comtat, in a large family of +poor people who eked out a scant subsistence on a small estate called +Canquoelle. Peyrade, paternal uncle of Theodose de la Peyrade, was of +noble birth, but kept the fact secret. He went from Avignon to Paris +in 1776, where he entered the police force two years later. Lenoir +thought well of him. Peyrade's success in life was impaired only by +his immoralities; otherwise it would have been much more brilliant and +lasting. He had a genius for spying, also much executive ability. +Fouche employed him and Corentin in connection with the affair of +Gondreville's imaginary abduction. A kind of police ministry was given +to him in Holland. Louis XVIII. counseled with him and gave him +employment, but Charles X. held aloof from this shrewd employe. +Peyrade lived in poverty on rue des Moineaux with an adored daughter, +Lydie, the child of La Beaumesnil of the Comedie-Francaise. Certain +events brought him into the notice of Nucingen, who employed him in +the search for Esther Gobseck, at the same time warning him against +the courtesan's followers. The police department, having been told of +this arrangement by the so-called Abbe Carlos Herrera, would not +permit him to enter into the employ of a private individual. Despite +the protection of his friend, Corentin, and the talent as a policeman, +which he had shown under the assumed names of Canquoelle and Saint- +Germain, especially in connection with F. Gaudissart's seizure, +Peyrade failed in his struggle with Jacques Collin. His excellent +transformation into a nabob defender of Madame Theodore Gaillard made +the former convict so angry that, during the last years of the +Restoration, he took revenge on him by making away with him. Peyrade's +daughter was abducted and he died from the effects of poison. [The +Gondreville Mystery. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +PEYRADE (Lydie).[*] (See La Peyrade, Madame Theodose de.) + +[*] Under the title of "Lydie" a portion of the life of Peyrade's + daughter was used in a play presented at the Theatre des Nations, + now Theatre de Paris, but the author did not publish his play. + +PHELLION, born in 1780, husband of a La Perche woman, who bore him +three children, two of whom were sons, Felix and Marie-Theodore, and +one a daughter, who became Madame Burniol; clerk in the Ministry of +Finance, Xavier Rabourdin's bureau, division of Flamet de la +Billardiere, a position which he held until the close of 1824. He +upheld Rabourdin, who, in turn, often defended him. While living on +rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques near the Sourds-Muets, he taught +history, literature and elementary ethics to the students of +Mesdemoiselles La Grave. The Revolution of July did not affect him; +even his retirement from service did not cause him to give up the home +in which he remained for at least thirty years. He bought for eighteen +thousand francs a small house on Feuillantines lane, now rue des +Feuillantines, which he occupied, after he had improved it, in a +serious Bourgeois manner. Phellion was a major in the National Guard. +For the most part he still had the same friends, meeting and visiting +frequently Baudoyer, Dutocq, Fleury, Godard, Laudigeois, Rabourdin, +Madame Poiret the elder, and especially the Colleville, Thuillier and +Minard families. His leisure time was occupied with politics and art. +At the Odeon he was on a committee of classical reading. His political +influence and vote were sought by Theodose de la Peyrade in the +interest of Jerome Thuillier's candidacy for the General Council; for +Phellion favored another candidate, Horace Bianchon, relative of the +highly-honored J.-J. Popinot. [The Government Clerks. The Middle +Classes.] + +PHELLION (Madame), wife of the preceding; belonged to a family who +lived in a western province. Her family being so large that the income +of more than nine thousand francs, pension and rentals, was +insufficient, she continued, under Louis Philippe, to give lessons in +harmony to Mesdemoiselles La Grave, as in the Restoration, with the +strictness observed in her every-day life. + +PHELLION (Felix), eldest son of the preceding couple, born in 1817; +professor of mathematics in a Royal college at Paris, then a member of +the Academy of Sciences, and chevalier of the Legion of Honor. By his +remarkable works and his discovery of a star, he was thus made famous +before he was twenty-five years old, and married, after this fame had +come to him, Celeste-Louise-Caroline-Brigette Colleville, the sister +of one of his pupils and a woman for whom his love was so strong that +he gave up Voltairism for Catholicism. [The Middle Classes.] + +PHELLION (Madame Felix), wife of the preceding; born Celeste-Louise- +Caroline-Brigitte Colleville. Although M. and Madame Colleville's +daughter, she was reared almost entirely by the Thuilliers. Indeed, M. +L.-J. Thuillier, who had been one of Madame Flavie Colleville's +lovers, passed for Celeste's father. M., Madame and Mademoiselle +Thuillier were all determined to give her their Christian names and to +make up a large dowry for her. Olivier Vinet, Godeschal, Theodose de +la Peyrade, all wished to marry Mademoiselle Colleville. Nevertheless, +although she was a devoted Christian, she loved Felix Phellion, the +Voltairean, and married him after his conversion to Catholicism. [The +Middle Classes.] + +PHELLION (Marie-Theodore), Felix Phellion's younger brother, in 1840 +pupil at the Ecole des Ponts et Chaussees. [The Middle Classes.] + +PHILIPPART (Messieurs), owners of a porcelain manufactory at Limoges, +in which was employed Jean-Francois Tascheron, the murderer of Pingret +and Jeanne Malassis. [The Country Parson.] + +PHILIPPE, employed in Madame Marie Gaston's family; formerly an +attendant of the Princesse de Vauremont; later became the Duc Henri de +Chaulieu's servant; finally entered Marie Gaston's household, where he +was employed after his wife's decease. [Letters of Two Brides. The +Member for Arcis.] + +PICHARD (Mademoiselle), house-keeper of Niseron, vicar of Blangy in +Bourgogne. Prior to 1789 she brought her niece, Mademoiselle Arsene +Pichard, to his house. [The Peasantry.] + +PICHARD (Arsene), niece of the preceding. (See Rigou, Madame +Gregoire.) [The Peasantry.] + +PICOT (Nepomucene), astronomer and mathematician, friend of Biot after +1807, author of a "Treatise on Differential Logarithms," and +especially of a "Theory of Perpetual Motion," four volumes, quarto, +with engravings, Paris, 1825; lived, in 1840, No. 9 rue du Val-de- +Grace. Being very near-sighted and erratic, the prey of his thieving +servant, Madame Lambert, his family thought that he needed a +protector. Being instructor of Felix Phellion, with whom he took a +trip to England, Picot made known his pupil's great ability, which the +boy had modestly kept secret, at the home of the Thuilliers, Place de +la Madeleine, before an audience composed of the Collevilles, Minards +and Phellions. Celeste Colleville's future was thus determined. As +Picot was decorated late in life, his marriage to a wealthy and +eccentric Englishwoman of forty was correspondingly late. After +passing through a successful operation for a cancer, he returned "a +new man," to the home of the Thuilliers. He was led through gratitude +to leave to the Felix Phellions the wealth brought him by Madame +Picot. [The Middle Classes.] + +PICQUOISEAU (Comtesse), widow of a colonel. She and Madame de +Vaumerland boarded with one of Madame Vauquer's rivals, according to +Madame de l'Ambermesnil. [Father Goriot.] + +PIUS VII. (Barnabas Chiaramonti), lived from 1740 till 1823; pope. +Having been asked by letter in 1806, if a woman might go /decollete/ +to the ball or to the theatre, without endangering her welfare, he +answered his correspondent, Madame Angelique de Granville, in a manner +befitting the gentle Fenelon. [A Second Home.] + +PIEDEFER (Abraham), descendant of a middle class Calvinist family of +Sancerre, whose ancestors in the sixteenth century were skilled +workmen, and subsequently woolen-drapers; failed in business during +the reign of Louis XVI.; died about 1786, leaving two sons, Moise and +Silas, in poverty. [The Muse of the Department.] + +PIEDEFER (Moise), elder son of the preceding, profited by the +Revolution in imitating his forefathers; tore down abbeys and +churches; married the only daughter of a Convention member who had +been guillotined, and by her had a child, Dinah, later Madame Milaud +de la Baudraye; compromised his fortune by his agricultural +speculations; died in 1819. [The Muse of the Department.] + +PIEDEFER (Silas), son of Abraham Piedefer, and younger brother of the +preceding; did not receive, as did Moise Piedefer, his part of the +small paternal fortune; went to the Indies; died, about 1837, in New +York, with a fortune of twelve hundred thousand francs. This money was +inherited by his niece, Madame de la Baudraye, but was seized by her +husband. [The Muse of the Department.] + +PIEDEFER (Madame Moise), sister-in-law of the preceding, unaffable and +excessively pious; pensioned by her son-in-law; lived successively in +Sancerre and at Paris with her daughter, Madame de la Baudraye, whom +she managed to separate from Etienne Lousteau. [The Muse of the +Department.] + +PIERQUIN, born about 1786, successor to his father as notary in Douai; +distant cousin of the Molina-Claes of rue de Paris, through the +Pierquins of Antwerp; self-interested and positive by nature; aspired +to the hand of Marguerite Claes, eldest daughter of Balthazar, who +afterwards became Madame Emmanuel de Solis; finally married Felicie, a +younger sister of his first choice, in the second year of Charles X.'s +reign. [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +PIERQUIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Felicie Claes, found, +as a young girl, a second mother in her elder sister, Marguerite. [The +Quest of the Absolute.] + +PIERQUIN, brother-in-law of the preceding; physician who attended the +Claes at Douai. [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +PIERROT, assumed name of Charles-Amedee-Louis-Joseph Rifoel, Chevalier +du Vissard. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +PIERROTIN, born in 1781. After having served in the cavalry, he left +the service in 1815 to succeed his father as manager of a stage-line +between Paris and Isle-Adam--an undertaking which, though only +moderately successful, finally flourished. One morning in the autumn +of 1822, he received as passengers, at the Lion d'Argent, some people, +either famous or of rising fame, the Comte Hugret de Serizy, Leon de +Lora and Joseph Bridau, and took them to Presles, a place near +Beaumont. Having become "coach-proprietor of Oise," in 1838 he married +his daughter, Georgette, to Oscar Husson, a high officer, who, upon +retiring, had been appointed to a collectorship in Beaumont, and who, +like the Canalises and the Moreaus, had for a long time been one of +Pierrotin's customers. [A Start in Life.] + +PEITRO, Corsican servant of the Bartolomeo di Piombos, kinsmen of +Madame Luigi Porta. [The Vendetta.] + +PIGEAU, during the Restoration, at one time head-carrier and +afterwards owner of a small house, which he had built with his own +hands and on a very economical basis, at Nanterre (between Paris and +Saint-Germain-in-Laye). [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +PIGEAU (Madame), wife of the preceding; belonged to a family of wine +merchants. After her husband's death, about the end of the +Restoration, she inherited a little property, which caused her much +unhappiness, in consequence of her avarice and distrust. Madame Pigeau +was planning to remove from Nanterre to Saint-Germain with a view to +living there on her annuity, when she was murdered with her servant +and her dogs, by Theodore Calvi, in the winter of 1828-29. [Scenes +from a Courtesan's Life.] + +PIGERON, of Auxerre, was murdered, it is said, by his wife; be that as +it may, the autopsy, entrusted to Vermut, a druggist of Soulanges, in +Bourgogne, proved the use of poison. [The Peasantry.] + +PIGOULT, was head clerk in the office where Malin de Gondreville and +Grevin studied pettifogging; was, about 1806, first justice of the +peace at Arcis, and then president of the tribunal of the same town, +at the time of the lawsuit in connection with the abduction of Malin, +when he and Grevin were the prosecuting attorneys. [The Gondreville +Mystery.] In the neighborhood of 1839, Pigoult was still living, +having his home in the ward. At that time he made public recognition +of Pantaleon, Marquis de Sallenauve, and supposed father of Charles +Dorlange, Comte de Sallenauve, thus serving the interests, or rather +the ambitions, of deputy. [The Member for Arcis.] + +PIGOULT, son of the preceding, acquired the hat manufactory of Phileas +Beauvisage, made a failure of the undertaking, and committed suicide; +but appeared to have had a natural, though sudden, death. [The Member +for Arcis.] + +PIGOULT (Achille), son of the preceding and grandson of the next +preceding, born in 1801. A man of unattractive personality, but of +great intelligence, he supplanted Grevin, and, in 1819, was the +busiest notary of Arcis. Gondreville's influence, and his intimacy +with Beauvisage and Giguet, were the causes of his taking a prominent +part in the political contests of that period; he opposed Simon +Giguet's candidacy, and successfully supported the Comte de +Sallenauve. The introduction of the Marquis Pantaleon de Sallenauve to +old Pigoult was brought about through Achille Pigoult, and assured a +triumph for the sculptor, Sallenauve-Dorlange. [The Member for Arcis.] + +PILLERAULT (Claude-Joseph), a very upright Parisian trader, proprietor +of the Cloche d'Or, a hardware establishment on the Quai de la +Ferraille; made a modest fortune, and retired from business in 1814. +After losing, one after another, his wife, his son, and an adopted +child, Pillerault devoted his life to his niece, Constance-Barbe- +Josephine, of whom he was guardian and only relative. Pillerault lived +on the rue des Bourdonnais, in 1818, occupying a small apartment let +to him by Camusot of the Cocon d'Or. During that period, Pillerault +was remarkable for the intelligence, energy and courage displayed in +connection with the unfortunate Birotteaus, who were falling into bad +repute. He found out Claparon, and terrified Molineux, both enemies of +the Birotteaus. Politics and the Cafe David, situated between the rue +de la Monnaie and the rue Saint-Honore, consumed the leisure hours of +Pillerault, who was a stoical and staunch Republican; he was +exceedingly considerate of Madame Vaillant, his house-keeper, and +treated Manuel, Foy, Perier, Lafayette and Courier as gods. [Cesar +Birotteau.] Pillerault lived to a very advanced age. The Anselme +Popinots, his grand-nephew and grand-niece, paid him a visit in 1844. +Poulain cured the old man of an illness when he was more than eighty +years of age; he then owned an establishment (rue de Normandie, in the +Marais), managed by the Cibots, and counting among its occupants the +Chapoulot family, Schmucke and Sylvain Pons. [Cousin Pons.] + +PILLERAULT (Constance-Barbe-Josephine). (See Birotteau, Madame Cesar.) + +PIMENTEL (Marquis and Marquise de), enjoyed extended influence during +the Restoration, not only with the society element of Paris, but +especially in the department of Charente, where they spent their +summers. They were reputed to be the wealthiest land-owners around +Angouleme, were on intimate terms with their peers, the Rastignacs, +together with whom they composed the shining lights of the Bargeton +circle. [Lost Illusions.] + +PINAUD (Jacques), a "poor linen-merchant," the name under which M. +d'Orgemont, a wealthy broker of Fougeres, tried to conceal his +identity from the Chouans, in 1799, to avoid being a victim of their +robbery. [The Chouans.] + +PINGRET, uncle of Monsieur and Madame des Vauneaulx; a miser, who +lived in an isolated house in the Faubourg Saint-Etienne, near +Limoges; robbed and murdered, with his servant Jeanne Malassis, one +night in March, 1829, by Jean-Francois Tascheron. [The Country +Parson.] + +PINSON, long a famous Parisian restaurant-keeper of the rue de +l'Ancienne-Comedie, at whose establishment Theodose de la Peyrade, +reduced, in the time of Louis Philippe, to the uttermost depths of +poverty, dined, at the expense of Cerizet and Dutocq, at a cost of +forty-seven francs; there also these three men concluded a compact to +further their mutual interests. [The Middle Classes.] + +PIOMBO (Baron Bartolomeo di), born in 1738, a fellow-countryman and +friend of Napoleon Bonaparte, whose mother he had protected during the +Corsican troubles. After a terrible vendetta, carried out in Corsica +against all the Portas except one, he had to leave his country, and +went in great poverty to Paris with his family. Through the +intercession of Lucien Bonaparte, he saw the First Consul (October, +1800) and obtained property, titles and employment. Piombo was not +without gratitude; the friend of Daru, Drouot, and Carnot, he gave +evidence of devotion to his benefactor until the latter's death. The +return of the Bourbons did not deprive him entirely of the resources +that he had acquired. For his Corsican property Bartolomeo received of +Madame Letitia Bonaparte a sum which allowed him to purchase and +occupy the Portenduere mansion. The marriage of his adored daughter, +Ginevra, who, against her father's will, became the wife of the last +of the Portas, was a source of vexation and grief to Piombo, that +nothing could diminish. [The Vendetta.] + +PIOMBO (Baronne Elisa di), born in 1745, wife of the preceding and +mother of Madame Porta, was unable to obtain from Bartolomeo the +pardon of Ginevra, whom he would not see after her marriage. [The +Vendetta.] + +PIOMBO (Ginevra di). (See Porta, Madame Luigi.) + +PIOMBO (Gregorio di), brother of the preceding, and son of Bartolomeo +and Elisa di Piombo; died in his infancy, a victim of the Portas, in +the vendetta against the Piombos. [The Vendetta.] + +PIQUETARD (Agathe). (See Hulot d'Ervy, Baronne Hector.) + +PIQUOIZEAU, porter of Frederic de Nucingen, when Rodolphe Castanier +was cashier at the baron's bank. [Melmoth Reconciled.] + +PLAISIR, an "illustrious hair-dresser" of Paris; in September, 1816, +on the rue Taitbout, he waited on Caroline Crochard de Bellefeuille, +at that time mistress of the Comte de Granville. [A Second Home.] + +PLANCHETTE, an eminent professor of mechanics, consulted by Raphael de +Valentin on the subject of the wonderful piece of shagreen that the +young man had in his possession; he took him to Spieghalter, the +mechanician, and to Baron Japhet, the chemist, who tried in vain to +stretch this skin. The failure of science in this effort was a cause +of amazement to Planchette and Japhet. "They were like Christians come +from the tomb without finding a God in heaven." Planchette was a tall, +thin man, and a sort of poet always in deep contemplation. [The Magic +Skin.] + +PLANTIN, a Parisian publicist, was, in 1834, editor of a review, and +aspired to the position of master of requests in the Council of State, +when Blondet recommended him to Raoul Nathan, who was starting a great +newspaper. [A Daughter of Eve.] + +PLISSOUD, like Brunet, court-crier at Soulanges (Bourgogne), and +afterwards Brunet's unfortunate competitor. He belonged, during the +Restoration, to the "second" society of his village, witnessed his +exclusion from the "first" by reason of the misconduct of his wife, +who was born Euphemie Wattebled. Being a gambler and a drinker, +Plissoud did not save any money; for, though he was appointed to many +offices, they were all lacking in lucrativeness; he was insurance +agent, as well as agent for a society that insured against the chances +for conscription. Being an enemy of Soudry's party, Maitre Plissoud +might readily have served, especially for pecuniary considerations, +the interests of Montcornet, proprietor at Aigues. [The Peasantry.] + +PLISSOUD (Madame Euphemie), wife of the preceding and daughter of +Wattebled; ruled the "second" society of Soulanges, as Madame Soudry +did the first, and though married to Plissoud, lived with Lupin as if +she were his wife. [The Peasantry.] + +POIDEVIN, was, in the month of November, 1806, second clerk of Maitre +Bordin, a Paris attorney. [A Start in Life.] + +POINCET, an old and unfortunate public scribe, and interpreter at the +Palais de Justice of Paris; about 1815, he went with Christemio to see +Henri de Marsay, in order to translate the words of the messenger of +Paquita Valdes. [The Thirteen.] + +POIREL (Abbe), a priest of Tours; advanced to the canonry at the time +that Monsieur Troubert and Mademoiselle Gamard persecuted Abbe +Francois Birotteau. [The Vicar of Tours.] + +POIRET, the elder, born at Troyes. He was the son of a clerk and of a +woman whose wicked ways were notorious and who died in a hospital. +Going to Paris with a younger brother, they became clerks in the +Department of Finance under Robert Lindet; there he met Antoine, the +office boy; he left the department, in 1816, with a retiring pension, +and was replaced by Saillard. [The Government Clerks.] Afflicted with +cretinism he remained a bachelor because of the horror inspired by the +memory of his mother's immoral life; he was a confirmed /idemiste/, +repeating, with slight variation, the words of those with whom he was +conversing. Poiret established himself on the rue Neuve-Sainte- +Genevieve, at Madame Vauquer's private boarding-house; he occupied the +second story at the widow's house, became intimate with Christine- +Michelle Michonneau and married her, when Horace Bianchon demanded the +exclusion of this young woman from the house for denouncing Jacques +Collin (1819). [Father Goriot.] Poiret often afterwards met M. +Clapart, an old comrade whom he had found again on the rue de la +Cerisaie; had apartments on the rue des Poules and lost his health. [A +Start in Life. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] He died during the +reign of Louis Philippe. [The Middle Classes.] + +POIRET (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Christine-Michelle +Michonneau, in 1779, doubtless had a stormy youth. Pretending to have +been persecuted by the heirs of a rich old man for whom she had cared, +Christine-Michelle Michonneau went, during the Restoration, to board +with Madame Vauquer, the third floor of the house on rue Neuve-Sainte- +Genevieve; made Poiret her squire; made a deal with Bibi-Lupin-- +Gondureau--to betray Jacques Collin, one of Madame Vauquer's guests. +Having thus sated her cupidity and her bitter feelings, Mademoiselle +Michonneau was forced to leave the house on rue Neuve-Sainte- +Genevieve, at the formal demand of Bianchon, another of the guests. +[Father Goriot.] Accompanied by Poiret, whom she afterwards married, +she moved to the rue des Poules and rented furnished rooms. Being +summoned before the examining magistrate Camusot (May, 1830), she +recognized Jacques Collin in the pseudo Abbe Carlos Herrera. [Scenes +from a Courtesan's Life.] Ten years later, Madame Poiret, now a widow, +was living on a corner of the rue des Postes, and numbered Cerizet +among her lodgers. [The Middle Classes.] + +POIRET, the younger, brother of Poiret the elder, and brother-in-law +of the preceding, born in 1771; had the same start, the same +instincts, and the same weakness of intellect as the elder; ran the +same career, overwhelmed with work under Lindet; remained at the +Treasury as copying clerk ten years longer than Poiret the elder, was +also book-keeper for two merchants, one of whom was Camusot of the +Cocon d'Or; he lived on the rue du Martroi; dined regularly at the +Veau qui Tette, on the Place du Chatelet; bought his hats of Tournan, +on rue Saint-Martin; and, a victim of J.-J. Bixiou's practical jokes, +he wound up by being business clerk in the office of Xavier Rabourdin. +Being retired on January 1, 1825, Poiret the younger counted on living +at Madame Vauquer's boarding-house. [The Government Clerks.] + +POLISSARD, appraiser of the wood of the Ronquerolles estate in 1821; +at this time, probably on the recommendation of Gaubertin, he employed +as agent for the wood-merchant, Vaudoyer, a peasant of Ronquerolles, +who had shortly before been discharged from the post of forest-keeper +of Blangy (Bourgogne). [The Peasantry.] + +POLLET, book-publisher in Paris, in 1821; a rival of Doguereau; +published "Leonide ou La Vieille de Suresnes," a romance by Victor +Ducange; had business relations with Porchon and Vidal; was at their +establishment, when Lucien de Rubempre presented to them his "Archer +de Charles IX." [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] + +POMBRETON (Marquis de), a genuine anomaly; lieutenant of the black +musketeers under the old regime, friend of the Chevalier de Valois, +who prided himself on having lent him for assistance in leaving the +country, twelve hundred pistoles. Pombreton returned this loan +afterwards, almost beyond a question of doubt, but the fact of the +case always remained unknown, for M. de Valois, an unusually +successful gamester, was interested in spreading a report of the +return of this loan, to shadow the resources that he derived from the +gaming table; and so five years later, about 1821, Etienne Lousteau +declared that the Pombreton succession and the Maubreuil[*] affair +were among the most profitable "stereotypes" of journalism. Finally, +Le Courrier de l'Orne of M. du Bousquier published, about 1830, these +lines: "A certificate for an income of a thousand francs a year will +be awarded to the person who can show the existence of a M. de +Pombreton before, during, or after the emigration." [Lost Illusions. A +Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +[*] Maubreuil died at the end of the Second Empire. + +POMPONNE (La). (See Toupinet, Madame.) + +PONS (Sylvain)[*], born about 1785; son of the old age of Monsieur and +Madame Pons, who, before 1789, founded the famous Parisian house for +the embroidery of uniforms that was bought, in 1815, by M. Rivet, +first cousin of the first Madame Camusot of the Cocon d'Or, sole heir +of the famous Pons brothers, embroiderers to the Court; under the +Empire, he won the Prix de Rome for musical composition, returned to +Paris about 1810, and was for many years famous for his romances and +melodies which were full of delicacy and good taste. From his stay in +Italy, Pons brought back the tastes of the bibliomaniac and a love for +works of art. His passion for collecting consumed almost his entire +patrimony. Pons became Sauvageot's rival. Monistrol and Elie Magus +felt a hidden but envious appreciation of the artistic treasures +ingeniously and economically collected by the musician. Being ignorant +of the rare value of his museum, he went from house to house, giving +private lessons in harmony. This lack of knowledge proved his ruin +afterwards, for he became all the more fond of paintings, stones and +furniture, as lyric glory was denied him, and his ugliness, coupled +with his supposed poverty, kept him from getting married. The +pleasures of a gourmand replaced those of the lover; he likewise found +some consolation for his isolation in his friendship with Schmucke. +Pons suffered from his taste for high living; he grew old, like a +parasitic plant, outside the circle of his family, only tolerated by +his distant cousins, the Camusot de Marvilles, and their connections, +Cardot, Berthier and Popinot. In 1834, at the awarding of the prize to +the young ladies of a boarding-school, he met the pianist Schmucke, a +teacher as well as himself, and in the strong intimacy that grew up +between them, he found some compensation for the blighted hopes of his +existence. Sylvain Pons was director of the orchestra at the theatre +of which Felix Gaudissart was manager during the monarchy of July. He +had Schmucke admitted there, with whom he passed several happy years, +in a house, on the rue de Normandie, belonging to C.-J. Pillerault. +The bitterness of Madeleine Vivet and Amelie Camusot de Marville, and +the covetousness of Madame Cibot, the door-keeper, and Fraisier, +Magus, Poulain and Remonencq were perhaps the indirect causes of the +case of hepatitis of which Pons died (in April, 1845), appointing +Schmucke his residuary legatee before Maitre Leopold Hannequin, who +had been hastily summoned by Heloise Brisetout. Pons was on the point +of being employed to compose a piece of ballet music, entitled "Les +Mohicans." This work most likely fell to his successor, Garangeot. +[Cousin Pons.] + +[*] M. Alphonse de Launay has derived from the life of Sylvain Pons a + drama that was presented at the Cluny theatre, Paris, about 1873. + +POPINOT, alderman of Sancerre in the eighteenth century; father of +Jean-Jules Popinot and Madame Ragon (born Popinot). He was the officer +whose portrait, painted by Latour, adorned the walls of Madame Ragon's +parlor, during the Restoration, at her home in the Quartier Saint- +Sulpice, Paris. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +POPINOT (Jean-Jules), son of the preceding, brother of Madame Ragon, +and husband of Mademoiselle Bianchon--of Sancerre--embraced the +profession of law, but did not attain promptly the rank which his +powers and integrity deserved. Jean-Jules Popinot remained for a long +time a judge of a lower court in Paris. He took a deep interest in the +fate of the young orphan Anselme Popinot, his nephew, and a clerk of +Cesar Birotteau; and was invited with Madame Jean-Jules Popinot to the +perfumer's famous ball, on Sunday, December 17, 1818. Nearly eighteen +months later, Jean-Jules Popinot once more saw Anselme, who was set up +as a druggist on the rue des Cinq-Diamants, and met Felix Gaudissart, +the commercial-traveler, and tried to excuse certain imprudent +utterances of his on the political situation, that had been reported +by Canquoelle-Peyrade, the police-agent. [Cesar Birotteau.] Three +years later he lost his wife, who had brought him, for dowry, an +income of six thousand francs, representing exactly twice his personal +assets. Living from this time at the rue de Fouarre, Popinot was able +to give free rein to the exercise of charity, a virtue that had become +a passion with him. At the urgent instance of Octave de Bauvan, Jean- +Jules Popinot, in order to aid Honorine, the Count's wife, sent her a +pretended commission-merchant, probably Felix Gaudissart, offering a +more than generous price for the flowers she made. [Honorine.] Jean- +Jules Popinot eventually established a sort of benevolent agency. +Lavienne, his servant, and Horace Bianchon, his wife's nephew aided +him. He relieved Madame Toupinet, a poor woman on the rue du Petit- +Banquier, from want (1828). Madame d'Espard's request for a guardian +for her husband served to divert Popinot from his role of Saint +Vincent de Paul; a man of rare delicacy hidden beneath a rough and +uncultured exterior, he immediately discovered the injustice of the +wrongs alleged by the marchioness, and recognized the real victim in +M. d'Espard, when he cross-questioned him at No. 22 rue de la +Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve, in an apartment, the good management of +which he seemed to envy, though the rooms were simply furnished, and +in striking contrast with the splendor of which he had been a witness, +at the home of the marchioness in the Faubourg Saint-Honore. A delay +caused by a cold in the head, and especially the influence of Madame +d'Espard's intrigues, removed Popinot from the cause, in which Camusot +was substituted. [The Commission in Lunacy.] We have varying accounts +of Jean-Jules Popinot's last years. Madame de la Chanterie's circle +mourned the death of the judge in 1833 [The Seamy Side of History.] +and Phellion in 1840. J.-J. Popinot probably died at No. 22 rue de la +Montagne-Saint-Genevieve, in the apartment that he had already +coveted, being a counselor to the court, municipal counselor of Paris, +and a member of the General Council of the Seine. [The Middle +Classes.] + +POPINOT (Anselme), a poor orphan, and nephew of the preceding and of +Madame Ragon (born Popinot), who took charge of him in his infancy. +Small of stature, red-haired, and lame, he gladly became clerk to +Cesar Birotteau, the Paris perfumer of the Reine des Roses, the +successor of Ragon, with whom he did a great deal of work, in order to +be able to show appreciation for the favor shown a part of his family, +that was well-nigh ruined as a result of some bad investments (the +Wortschin mines, 1818-19). Anselme Popinot, being secretly in love +with Cesarine Birotteau, his employer's daughter--the feeling being +reciprocated, moreover--brought about, so far as his means allowed, +the rehabilitation of Cesar, thanks to the profits of his drug +business, established on the rue des Cinq-Diamants, between 1819 and +1820. The beginning of his great fortune and of his domestic happiness +dated from this time. [Cesar Birotteau.] After Birotteau's death, +about 1822, Popinot married Mademoiselle Birotteau, by whom he had +three children, two sons and a daughter. The consequences of the +Revolution of 1830 brought Anselme Popinot in the way of power and +honors; he was twice deputy after the beginning of Louis Philippe's +reign, and was also minister of commerce. [Gaudissart the Great.] +Anselme Popinot, twice secretary of state, had finally been made a +count, and a peer of France. He owned a mansion on the rue Basse du +Rempart. In 1834 he rewarded Felix Gaudissart for services formerly +rendered on the rue des Cinq-Diamants, and entrusted to him the +management of a boulevard theatre, where the opera, the drama, the +fairy spectacle, and the ballet took turn and turn. [Cousin Pons.] +Four years later the Comte Popinot, again minister of commerce and +agriculture, a lover of the arts and one who gladly acted the part of +the refined Maecenas, bought for two thousand francs a copy of +Steinbock's "Groupe de Samson" and stipulated that the mould should be +destroyed that there might be only two copies, his own and the one +belonging to Mademoiselle Hortense Hulot, the artist's fiancee. When +Wenceslas married Mademoiselle Hulot, Popinot and Eugene de Rastignac +were the Pole's witnesses. [Cousin Betty.] + +POPINOT (Madame Anselme), wife of the preceding, born Cesarine +Birotteau, in 1801. Beautiful and attractive though, at one time, +almost promised to Alexandre Crottat, she married, about 1822, Anselme +Popinot, whom she loved and by whom she was loved. [Cesar Biroteau.] +After her marriage, though in the midst of splendor, she remained the +simple, open, and even artless character that she was in the modest +days of her youth.[*] The transformation of the dancer Claudine du +Bruel, the whilom Tullia of the Royal Academy of Music, to a moral +bourgeois matron, surprised Madame Anselme, who became intimate with +her. [A Prince of Bohemia.] The Comtesse Popinot rendered aid, in a +delicate way, in 1841, to Adeline Hulot d'Ervy. Her influence with +that of Mesdames de Rastignac, de Navarreins, d'Espard, de Grandlieu, +de Carigliano, de Lenoncourt, and de la Bastie, procured Adeline's +appointment as salaried inspector of charities. [Cousin Betty.] Three +years later when one of her three children married Mademoiselle +Camusot de Marville, Madame Popinot, although she appeared at the most +exclusive social gatherings, imitated modest Anselme, and, unlike +Amelie Camusot, received Pons, a tenant of her maternal great-uncle, +C.-J. Pillerault. [Cousin Pons.] + +[*] In 1838, the little theatre Pantheon, destroyed in 1846, gave a + vaudeville play, by M. Eugene Cormon, entitled "Cesar Birotteau," + of which Madame Anselme Popinot was one of the heroines. + +POPINOT (Vicomte), the eldest of the three children of the preceding +couple, married, in 1845, Cecile Camusot de Marville. [Cousin Pons.] +During the course of the year 1846, he questioned Victorin Hulot about +the remarkable second marriage of Baron Hector Hulot d'Ervy, which was +solemnized on the first of February of that year. [Cousin Betty.] + +POPINOT (Vicomtesse), wife of the preceding; born Cecile Camusot in +1821, before the name Marville was added to Camusot through the +acquisition of a Norman estate. Red-haired and insignificant looking, +but very pretentious, she persecuted her distant kinsman Pons, from +whom she afterwards inherited; from lack of sufficient fortune she +failed of more than one marriage, and was treated with scorn by the +wealthy Frederic Brunner, especially because of her being an only +daughter and the spoiled child. [Cousin Pons.] + +POPINOT-CHANDIER (Madame and Mademoiselle), mother and daughter; of +the family of Madame Boirouge; hailing from Sancerre; frequent +visitors of Madame de la Baudraye, whose superiority of manner they +ridiculed in genuine bourgeois fashion. [The Muse of the Department.] + +PORCHON. (See Vidal.) + +PORRABERIL (Euphemie). (See San-Real, Marquise de.) + +PORRIQUET, an elderly student of the classics, was teacher of Raphael +de Valentin, whom he had as a pupil in the sixth class, in the third +class, and in rhetoric. Retired from the university without a pension +after the Revolution of July, on suspicion of Carlism, seventy years +of age, without means, and with a nephew whose expenses he was paying +at the seminary of Saint-Sulpice, he went to solicit the aid of his +dear "foster-child," to obtain the position of principal of a +provincial school, and suffered rough treatment at the hands of the +/carus alumnus/, every act of whose shortened Valentin's existence. +[The Magic Skin.] + +PORTA (Luigi), born in 1793, strikingly like his sister Nina. He was +the last member that remained, at the beginning of the nineteenth +century, of the Corsican family of Porta, by reason of a bloody +vendetta between his kinspeople and the Piombos. Luigi Porta alone was +saved, by Elisa Vanni, according to Giacomo; he lived at Genoa, where +he enlisted, and found himself, when quite young, in the affair of the +Beresina. Under the Restoration he was already an officer of high +rank; he put an end to his military career and was hunted by the +authorities at the same time as Labedoyere. Luiga Porta found Paris a +safe place of refuge. Servin, the Bonapartist painter, who had opened +a studio of drawing, where he taught his art to young ladies, +concealed the officer. One of his pupils, Ginevra di Piombo, +discovered the outlaw's hiding-place, aided him, fell in love with +him, made him fall in love with her, and married him, despite the +opposition of her father, Bartolomeo di Piombo. Luigi Porta chose as a +witness, when he was married, his former comrade, Louis Vergniaud, +also known to Hyacinthe Chabert. He lived from hand to mouth by doing +secretary's work, lost his wife, and, crushed by poverty, went to tell +the Piombos of her death. He died almost immediately after her (1820). +[The Vendetta.] + +PORTA (Madame Luigi), wife of the preceding, born Ginevra di Piombo +about 1790; shared, in Corsica as in Paris, the stormy life of her +father and mother, whose adored child she was. In Servin's, the +painter's studio, where with her talent she shone above the whole +class, Ginevra knew Mesdames Tiphaine and Camusot de Marville, at that +time Mesdemoiselles Roguin and Thirion. Defended by Laure alone, she +endured the cruelly planned persecution of Amelie Thirion, a Royalist, +and an envious woman, especially when the favorite drawing pupil +discovered and aided Luigi Porta, whom she married shortly afterwards, +against the will of Bartolomeo di Piombo. Madame Porta lived most +wretchedly; she resorted to Magus to dispose of copies of paintings at +a meagre price; brought a son into the world, Barthelemy; could not +nurse him, lost him, and died of grief and exhaustion in the year +1820. [The Vendetta.] + +PORTAIL (Du), name assumed by Corentin, when as "prefect of secret +police of diplomacy and political affairs," he lived on the rue +Honore-Chevalier, in the reign of Louis Philippe. [The Government +Clerks.] + +PORTENDUERE (Comte Luc-Savinien de), grandson of Admiral de +Portenduere, born about 1788, represented the elder branch of the +Portendueres, of whom Madame de Portenduere and her son Savinien +represented the younger branch. Under the Restoration, being the +husband of a rich wife, the father of three children and member for +Isere, he lived, according to the season of the year, in the chateau +of Portenduere or the Portenduere mansion, which were situated, the +one in Dauphine, and the other in Paris, and extended no aid to the +Vicomte Savinien, though he was harassed by his creditors. [Ursule +Mirouet.] + +PORTENDUERE (Madame de,) born Kergarouet, a Breton, proud of her noble +descent and of her race. She married a post-captain, nephew of the +famous Admiral de Portenduere, the rival of the Suffrens, the +Kergarouets, and the Simeuses; bore him a son, Savinien; she survived +her husband; was on intimate terms with the Rouvres, her country +neighbors; for, having but little means, she lived, during the +Restoration, in the little village of Nemours, on the rue des +Bourgeois, where Denis Minoret was domiciled. Savinien's prodigal +dissipation and the long opposition to his marriage to Ursule Mirouet +saddened, or at least distrubed, Madame de Portenduere's last days. +[Ursule Mirouet.] + +PORTENDUERE (Vicomte Savinien de), son of preceding, born in 1806; +cousin of the Comte de Portenduere, who was descended from the famous +admiral of this name, and great nephew of Vice-Admiral Kergarouet. +During the Restoration he left the little town of Nemours and his +mother's society to go and try the life in Paris, where, in spite of +his relationship with the Fontaines, he fell in love with Emilie de +Fontaine, who did not reciprocate his love, but married first Admiral +de Kergarouet, and afterwards the Marquis de Vandenesse. [The Ball at +Sceaux.] Savinien also became enamored of Leontine de Serizy; was on +intimate terms with Marsay, Rastignac, Rubempre, Maxime de Trailles, +Blondet and Finot; soon lost a considerable sum of money, and, laden +with debts, became a boarder at Sainte-Pelagie; he then received +Marsay, Rastignac and Rubempre, the latter wishing to relieve his +distress, much to the amusement of Florine, afterwards Madame Nathan. +[Secrets from a Courtesan's Life.] Urged by Ursule Mirouet, his ward, +Denis Minoret, who was one of Savinien's neighbors at Nemours, raised +the sum necessary to liquidate young Portenduere's debt, and freed him +of its burden. The viscount enlisted in the marine service, and +retired with the rank and insignia of an ensign, two years after the +Revolution of July, and five years before being able to marry Ursule +Mirouet. [Ursule Mirouet.] The Vicomte and Vicomtesse de Portenduere +made a charming couple, recalling two other happy families of Paris, +the Langinskis and the Ernest de la Basties. In 1840 they lived on the +Rue Saint-Peres, became the intimate friends of the Calyste du +Guenics, and shared their box at the Italiens. [Beatrix.] + +PORTENDUERE (Vicomtesse Savinien de), wife of the preceding, born in +1814. The orphan daughter of an unfortunate artist, Joseph Mirouet, +the military musician, and Dinah Grollman, a German; natural +granddaughter of Valentine Mirouet, the famous harpsichordist, and +consequently niece of the rich Dr. Denis Minoret; she was adopted by +the last named, and became his ward, so much the more adored as, in +appearance and character, she recalled Madame Denis Minoret, deceased. +Ursule's girlhood and youth, passed at Nemours, were marked +alternately by joy and bitterness. Her guardian's servants, as well as +his intimate friends, overwhelmed her with indications of interest. A +distinguished performer, the future viscountess received lessons in +harmony from Schmucke, the pianist, who was summoned from Paris. Being +of a religious nature, she converted Denis Minoret, who was an +adherent of Voltaire's teachings; but the influence she acquired over +him called forth against the young girl the fierce animosity of +Minoret-Levrault, Massin, Cremiere, Dionis and Goupil, who, foreseeing +that she would be the doctor's residuary legatee, abused her, +slandered her, and persecuted her most cruelly. Ursule was also +scornfully treated by Madame de Portenduere, with whose son, Savinien, +she was in love. Later, the relenting of Minoret-Levrault and Goupil, +shown in various ways, and her marriage to the Vicomte de Portenduere, +at last approved by his mother, offered Ursule some consolation for +the loss of Denis Minoret. [Ursule Mirouet.] Paris adopted her, and +made much of her; she made a glorious success in society as a singer. +[Another Study of Woman.] Amid her own great happiness, the +viscountess showed herself the devoted friend, in 1840, of Madame +Calyste du Guenic, just after her confinement, who was almost dying of +grief over the treachery of her husband. [Beatrix.] + +POSTEL was pupil and clerk of Chardon the druggist of L'Houmeau, a +suburb of Angouleme; succeeded Chardon after his death; was kind to +his former patron's unfortunate family; desired, but without success, +to marry Eve, who was afterwards Madame David Sechard, and became the +husband of Leonie Marron, by whom he had several sickly children. +[Lost Illusions.] + +POSTEL (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Leonie Marron, daughter +of Doctor Marron, a practitioner in Marsac (Charente); through +jealousy she was disagreeable to the beautiful Madame Sechard; through +cupidity she fawned upon the Abbe Marron, from whom she hoped to +inherit. [Lost Illusions.] + +POTASSE, sobriquet of the Protez family, manufacturers of chemicals, +as associates of Cochin; known by Minard, Phellion, Thuiller and +Colleville, types of Parisians of the middle class, about 1840. [The +Middle Classes.] + +POTEL, former officer of the Imperial forces, retired, during the +Restoration, to Issoudun, with Captain Renard; he took sides with +Maxence Gilet against the officers, Mignonnet and Carpentier, declared +enemies of the chief of the "Knights of Idlesse." [A Bachelor's +Establishment.] + +POULAIN (Madame), born in 1778. She married a trousers-maker, who died +in very reduced circumstances; for from the sale of his business she +received only about eleven hundred francs for income. She lived then, +for twenty years, on work which some fellow-countrymen of the late +Poulain gave to her, and the meagre profits of which afforded her the +opportunity of starting in a professional career her son, the future +physician, whom she dreamed of seeing gain a rich marriage settlement. +Madame Poulain, though deprived of an education, was very tactful, and +she was in the habit of retiring when patients came to consult her +son. This she did when Madame Cibot called at the office on rue +d'Orleans, late in 1844 or early in 1845. [Cousin Pons.] + +POULAIN (Doctor), born about 1805, friendless and without fortune; +strove in vain to gain the patronage of the Paris "four hundred" after +1835. He kept constantly near him his mother, widow of a trousers- +maker. As a poor neighborhood physician he afterwards lived with his +mother on rue d'Orleans at the Marais. He became acquainted with +Madame Cibot, door-keeper at a house on rue de Normandie, the +proprietor of which, C.-J. Pillerault, uncle of the Popinots and +ordinarily under Horace Bianchon's treatment, he cured. By Madame +Cibot, Poulain was called also to attend Pons in a case of +inflammation of the liver. Aided by his friend Fraisier, he arranged +matters to suit the Camusots de Marville, the rightful heirs of the +musician. Such a service had its reward. In 1845, following the death +of Pons, and that of his residuary legatee, Schmucke, soon after, +Poulain was given an appointment in the Quinze-Vingts hospital as head +physician of this great infirmary. [Cousin Pons.] + +POUPART, or Poupard, from Arcis-sur-Aube, husband of Gothard's sister; +one of the heroes of the Simeuse affair; proprietor of the Mulet +tavern. Being devoted to the interest of the Cadignans, the Cinq- +Cygnes and the Hauterserres, in 1839, during the electoral campaign, +he gave lodging to Maxime de Trailles, a government envoy, and to +Paradis, the count's servant. [The Member for Arcis.] + +POUTIN, colonel of the Second lancers, an acquaintance of Marechal +Cottin, minister of war in 1841, to whom he told that many years +before this one of his men at Severne, having stolen money to buy his +mistress a shawl, repented of his deed and ate broken glass so as to +escape dishonor. The Prince of Wissembourg told this story to Hulot +d'Ervy, while upbraiding him for his dishonesty. [Cousin Betty.] + +PRELARD (Madame), born in 1808, pretty, at first mistress of the +assassin Auguste, who was executed. She remained constantly in the +clutches of Jacques Collin, and was married by Jacqueline Collin, aunt +of the pseudo-Herrera, to the head of a Paris hardware-house on Quai +aux Fleurs, the Bouclier d'Achille. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +PREVOST (Madame), well-known florist, whose store still remains in the +Palais-Royal. Early in 1830, Frederic de Nucingen bought a ten louis +bouquet there for Esther van Gobseck. [Scenes from a Courtesan's +Life.] + +PRIEUR (Madame), laundress at Angouleme, for whom Mademoiselle +Chardon, afterwards Madame David Sechard, worked. [Lost Illusions.] + +PRON (Monsieur and Madame), both teachers. M. Pron taught rhetoric in +1840 at a college in Paris directed by priests. Madame Pron, born +Barniol, and therefore sister-in-law of Madame Barniol-Phellion, +succeeded Mesdemoiselles La Grave, about the same time, as director of +their young ladies' boarding-school. M. and Madame Pron lived in the +Quartier Saint-Jacques, and frequently visited the Thuilliers. [The +Middle Classes.] + +PROTEZ AND CHIFFREVILLE, manufactured chemicals; sold a hundred +thousand francs' worth to the inventor, Balthazar Claes, about 1812. +[The Quest of the Absolute.] On account of their friendly relations +with Cochin, of the Treasury, all the Protezes and the Chiffrevilles +were invited to the celebrated ball given by Cesar Birotteau, Sunday, +December 17, 1818, on rue Saint Honore. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +PROUST, clerk to Maitre Bordin, a Paris attorney, in November, 1806; +this fact became known a few years later by Godeschal, Oscar Husson +and Marest, when they reviewed the books of the attorneys who had been +employed in Bordin's office. [A Start in Life.] + +PROVENCAL (Le), born in 1777, undoubtedly in the vicinity of Arles. A +common soldier during the wars at the close of the eighteenth century, +he took part in the expedition of General Desaix into upper Egypt. +Having been taken prisoner by the Maugrabins he escaped only to lose +himself in the desert, where he found nothing to eat but dates. +Reduced to the dangerous friendship of a female panther, he tamed her, +singularly enough, first by his thoughtless caresses, afterwards by +premeditation. He ironically named her Mignonne, as he had previously +called Virginie, one of his mistresses. Le Provencal finally killed +his pet, not without regret, having been moved to great terror by the +wild animal's fierce love. About the same time the soldier was +discoverd by some of his own company. Thirty years afterwards, an aged +ruin of the Imperial wars, his right leg gone, he was one day visiting +the menagerie of Martin the trainer, and recalled his adventure for +the delectation of the young spectator. [A Passion in the Desert.] + + + +Q + +QUELUS (Abbe), priest of Tours or of its vicinity, called frequently +on the Chessels, neighbors of the Mortsaufs, at the beginning of the +century. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +QUEVERDO, faithful steward of the immense domain of Baron de Macumer, +in Sardinia. After the defeat of the Liberals in Spain, in 1823, he +was told to look out for his master's safety. Some fishers for coral +agreed to pick him up on the coast of Andalusia and set him off at +Macumer. [Letters of Two Brides.] + +QUILLET (Francois), office-boy employed by Raoul Nathan's journal on +rue Feydau, Paris, 1835. He aided his employer by lending him the name +of Francois Quillet. Raoul, in great despair, while occupying a +furnished room on rue du Mail, threw several creditors off his track +by the use of this assumed name. [A Daughter of Eve.] + + + +R + +RABOUILLEUSE (La), name assumed by Flore Brazier, who became in turn +Madame Jean-Jacques Rouget and Madame Philippe Bridau. (See this last +name.) + +RABOURDIN (Xavier), born in 1784; his father was unknown to him. His +mother, a beautiful and fastidious woman, who lived in luxury, left +him a penniless orphan of sixteen. At this time he left the Lycee +Napoleon and became a super-numerary clerk in the Treasury Department. +He was soon promoted, becoming second head clerk at twenty-two and +head clerk at twenty-five. An unknown, but influential friend, was +responsible for this progress, and also gave him an introduction into +the home of M. Leprince, a wealthy widower, who had formerly been an +auctioneer. Rabourdin met, loved and married this man's only daughter. +Beginning with this time, when his influential friend probably died, +Rabourdin saw the end of his own rapid progress. Despite his faithful, +intelligent efforts, he occupied at forty the same position. In 1824 +the death of M. Flamet de la Billardiere left open the place of +division chief. This office, to which Rabourdin had long aspired, was +given to the incapable Baudoyer, who had been at the head of a bureau, +through the influence of money and the Church. Disgusted, Rabourdin +sent in his resignation. He had been responsible for a rather +remarkable plan for executive and social reform, and this possibly +contributed to his overthrow. During his career as a minister +Rabourdin lived on rue Duphot. He had by his wife two children, +Charles, born in 1815, and a daughter, born two years later. About +1830 Rabourdin paid a visit to the Bureau of Finances, where he saw +once more his former pages, nephews of Antoine, who had retired from +service by that time. From these he learned that Colleville and +Baudoyer were tax-collectors in Paris. [The Government Clerks.] Under +the Empire he was a guest at the evening receptions given by M. +Guillaume, the cloth-dealer of rue Saint-Denis. [At the Sign of the +Cat and Racket.] Later he and his wife were invited to attend the +famous ball tendered by Cesar Birotteau, December 17, 1818. [Cesar +Birotteau.] In 1840, being still a widower, Rabourdin was one of the +directors of a proposed railway. At this time he began to lodge in a +house on the Place de la Madeleine, which had been recently bought by +the Thuilliers, whom he had known in the Bureau of Finance. [The +Middle Classes.] + +RABOURDIN (Madame), born Celestine Leprince, in 1796; beautiful, tall +and of good figure; reared by an artistic mother; a painter and a good +musician; spoke many tongues and even had some knowledge of science. +She was married when very young through the instrumentality of her +father, who was then a widower. Her reception-rooms were not open to +Jean-Jacques Bixiou, but she was frequently visited by the poet +Canalis, the painter Schinner, Doctor Bianchon, who was especially +fond of her company; Lucien de Rubempre, Octave de Camps, the Comte de +Granville, the Vicomte de Fontaine, F. du Bruel, Andoche Finot, +Derville, Chatelet, then deputy; Ferdinand du Tillet, Paul de +Mannerville, and the Vicomte de Portenduere. A rival, Madame +Colleville, had dubbed Madame Rabourdin "The Celimene of rue Duphot." +Having been over-indulged by her mother, Celestine Leprince thought +herself entitled to a man of high rank. Consequently, although M. +Rabourdin pleased her, she hesitated at first about marrying him, as +she did not consider him of high enough station. This did not prevent +her loving him sincerely. Although she was very extravagant, she +remained always strictly faithful to him. By listening to the demands +of Chardin des Lupeaulx, secretary-general in the Department of +Finance, who was in love with her, she might have obtained for her +husband the position of division chief. Madame Rabourdin's reception +days were Wednesdays and Fridays. She died in 1840. [The Commission in +Lunacy. The Government Clerks.] + +RABOURDIN (Charles), law-student, son of the preceding couple, born in +1815, lived from 1836 to 1838 in a house on rue Corneille, Paris. +There he became acquainted with Z. Marcas, helped him in his distress, +attended him on his death-bed, and, with Justi, a medical student, as +his only companion, followed the body of this great, but unknown man +to the beggar's grave in Montparnasse cemetery. After having told some +friends the short, but pitiful story of Z. Marcas, Charles Rabourdin, +following the advice of the deceased, left the country, and sailed +from Havre for the Malayan islands; for he had not been able to gain a +foothold in France. [Z. Marcas.] + +RACQUETS (Des). (See Raquets, des.) + +RAGON born about 1748; a perfumer on rue Saint-Honore, between Saint- +Roche and rue des Frondeurs, Paris, towards the close of the +eighteenth century; small man, hardly five feet tall, with a face like +a nut-cracker, self-important and known for his gallantry. He was +succeeded in his business, the "Reine des Roses," by his chief clerk, +Cesar Birotteau, after the eighteenth Brumaire. As a former perfumer +to Her Majesty Queen Marie-Antoinette, M. Ragon always showed Royalist +zeal, and, under the Republic, the Vendeans used him to communicate +between the princes and the Royalist committee of Paris. He received +at that time the Abbe de Marolles, to whom he pointed out and revealed +the person of Louis XVI.'s executioner. In 1818, being a loser in the +Nucingen speculation in Wortschin mining stock, Ragon lived with his +wife in an apartment on rue du Petit-Bourbon-Saint-Sulpice. [Cesar +Birotteau. An Episode under the Terror.] + +RAGON (Madame), born Popinot; sister of Judge Popinot, wife of the +preceding, being very nearly the same age as her husband, was in 1818 +"a tall slender woman of wrinkled face, sharp nose, thin lips, and the +artificial manner of a marchioness of the old line." [Cesar +Birotteau.] + +RAGOULLEAU[*] (Jean-Antoine), a Parisian lawyer, whose signature the +widow Morin tried to extort. She also attempted his assassination, and +was condemned, January 11, 1812, on the evidence of a number of +witnesses, among others that of Poiret, to twenty years of hard labor. +[Father Goriot.] + +[*] The real spelling of the name, as shown by some authentic papers, + is Ragouleau. + +RAGUET, working boy in the establishment of Cesar Birotteau, the +perfumer, in 1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +RAPARLIER, a Douai notary; drew up marriage contracts in 1825 for +Marguerite Claes and Emmanuel de Solis, for Felicie Claes and Pierquin +the notary, and for Gabriel Claes and Mademoiselle Conyncks. [The +Quest for the Absolute.] + +RAPARLIER, a Douai auctioneer, under the Restoration; nephew of the +preceding; took an inventory at the Claes house after the death of +Madame Balthazar Claes in 1816. [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +RAPP, French general, born at Colmar in 1772; died in 1821. As aide- +de-camp of the First Consul, Bonaparte, he found himself one day in +October serving near his chief at the Tuileries, when the proscribed +Corsican, Bartolomeo de Piombo, came up rather unexpectedly. Rapp, who +was suspicious of this man, as he was of all Corsicians, wished to +stay at Bonaparte's side during the interview, but the Consul good- +naturedly sent him away. [The Vendetta.] On October 13, 1806, the day +before the battle of Jena, Rapp had just made an important report to +the Emperor at the moment when Napoleon was receiving on the next +day's battlefield Mademoiselle Laurence de Cinq-Cygne and M. de +Chargeboeuf, who had come from France to ask for the pardon of the two +Hauteserres and the two Simeuses, people affected by the political +suit and condemned to hard labor. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +RAQUETS (Des), lived at Douai, of Flemish descent, and devoted to the +traditions and customs of his province; very wealthy uncle of the +notary Pierquin, his only heir, who received his inheritance towards +the close of the Restoration. [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +RASTIGNAC (Chevalier de), great-uncle of Eugene de Rastignac; as vice- +admiral was commander of the "Vengeur" before 1789, and lost his +entire fortune in the service of the king, as the revolutionary +government did not wish to satisfy his demands in the adjusting of the +Compagnie des Indes affairs. [Father Goriot.] + +RASTIGNAC (Baron and Baronne de) had, near Ruffec, Charente, an +estate, where they lived in the latter part of the eighteenth and the +beginning of the nineteenth centuries, and where were born to them +five children: Eugene, Laure-Rose, Agathe, Gabriel and Henri. They +were poor, and lived in close retirement, keeping a dignified silence, +and like their neighbours, the Marquis and Marquise de Pimentel, +exercised, through their connection with court circles, a strong +influence over the entire province, being invited at various times to +the home of Madame de Bargeton, at Angouleme, where they met Lucien de +Rubempre and were able to understand him. [Father Goriot. Lost +Illusions.] + +RASTIGNAC (Eugene de),[*] eldest son of the Baron and Baronne de +Rastignac, born at Rastignac near Ruffec in 1797. He came to Paris in +1819 to study law; lived at first on the third floor of the Vauquer +lodging-house, rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve, having then some +association with Jacques Collin, called Vautrin, who was especially +interested in him and wanted him to marry Victorine Taillefer. +Rastignac became the lover of Madame de Nucingen, second daughter of +Joachim Goriot, an old vermicelli-maker, and in February, 1820, lived +on rue d'Artois in pretty apartments, rented and furnished by the +father of his mistress. Goriot died in his arms. The servant, +Christophe, and Rastignac were the only attendants in the good man's +funeral procession. At the Vauquer lodging-house he was intimate with +Horace Bianchon, a medical student. [Father Goriot.] In 1821, at the +Opera, young Rastignac made fun for the occupants of two boxes over +the provincialisms of Madame de Bargeton and Lucien de Rubempre, +"young Chardon." This led Madame d'Espard to leave the theatre with +her relative, thus publicly and in a cowardly way abandoning the +distinguished provincial. Some months later Rastignac sought the favor +of this same Lucien de Rubempre, who was by that time an influential +citizen. He agreed to act with Marsay as the poet's witness in the +duel which he fought with Michel Chrestien, in regard to Daniel +d'Arthez. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] At the last +masquerade ball of 1824 Rastignac found Rubempre, who had disappeared +from Paris some time before. Vautrin, recalling his memories of the +Vauquer lodging-house, urged him authoritatively to treat Lucien as a +friend. Shortly after, Rastignac became a frequenter of the sumptuous +mansion furnished by Nucingen for Esther van Gobseck on rue Saint- +Georges. Rastignac was present at Lucien de Rubempre's funeral in May, +1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] About the same time the Comte +de Fontaine asked his daughter Emilie what she thought of Rastignac-- +among several others--as a possible husband for her. But knowing the +relations of this youthful aspirant with Madame de Nucingen, she saved +herself by replying maliciously. [The Ball at Sceaux.] In 1828 +Rastignac sought to become Madame d'Espard's lover, but was restrained +by his friend, Doctor Bianchon. [The Interdiction.] During the same +year Rastignac was treated slightingly by Madame de Listomere, because +he asked her to return a letter, which through mistake had been sent +to her, but which he had meant for Madame de Nucingen. [A Study of +Woman.] After the Revolution of July he was a guest at Mademoiselle +des Touches's evening party, where Marsay told the story of his first +love. [Another Study of Woman.] At this time he was intimate with +Raphael de Valentin, and expected to marry an Alsatian. [The Magic +Skin.] In 1832, Rastignac, having been appointed a baron, was under- +secretary of state in the department of which Marsay was the minister. +[The Secrets of a Princess.] In 1833-34, he volunteered as nurse at +the bedside of the dying minister, in the hope of being remembered in +his will. One evening about this same time he took Raoul Nathan and +Emile Blondet, whom he had met in society, to supper with him at +Very's. He then advised Nathan to profit by the advances made him by +the Comtesse Felix de Vandenesse. [A Daughter of Eve.] In 1833, at the +Princesse de Cadignan's home, in the presence of the Marquise +d'Espard, the old Ducs de Lenoncourt and de Navarreins, the Comte and +the Comtesse de Vandenesse, D'Arthez, two ambassadors, and two well- +known orators of the Chamber of Peers, Rastignac heard his minister +reveal the secrets of the abduction of Senator Malin, an affair which +took place in 1806. [The Gondreville Mystery.] In 1836, having become +enriched by the third Nucingen failure, in which he was more or less a +willing accomplice, he became possessed of an income of forty thousand +francs. [The Firm of Nucingen.] In 1838 he attended the opening +reception given at Josepha's mansion on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. He +was also witness at Hortense Hulot's marriage to Wenceslas Steinbock. +He married Augusta de Nucingen, daughter of Delphine de Nucingen, his +former mistress, whom he had quitted five years previously. In 1839, +Rastignac, minister once more, and this time of public works, was made +count almost in spite of himself. In 1845 he was, moreover, made a +peer. He had then an income of 300,000 francs. He was in the habit of +saying: "There is no absolute virtue, all things are dependent on +circumstances." [Cousin Betty. The Member for Arcis. The Unconscious +Humorists.] + +[*] In a recent publication of Monsieur S. de Lovenjoul, he speaks of + a recent abridged biography of Eugene de Rastignac. + +RASTIGNAC (Laure-Rose and Agathe de),[*] sisters of Eugene de +Rastignac; second and third children of the Baron and Baronne de +Rastignac; Laure, the elder, born in 1801; Agathe, the second, born in +1802; both were reared unostentatiously in the Rastignac chateau. In +1819 they sent what they had saved by economy to their brother Eugene, +then a student. Several years after, when he was wealthy and powerful, +he married one of them to Martial de la Roche-Hugon, the other to a +minister. In 1821, Laure, with her father and mother, was present at a +reception of M. de Bargeton's, where she admired Lucien de Rubempre. +[Father Goriot. Lost Illusions.] Madame de la Roche-Hugon in 1839 took +her several daughters to a children's dance at Madame de l'Estorade's +in Paris. [The Member for Arcis.] + +[*] The Mesdemoiselles de Rastignac are here placed together under + their maiden name, as it is not known which one married Martial de + la Roche-Hugon. + +RASTIGNAC (Monseigneur Gabriel de), brother of Eugene de Rastignac; +one of the youngest two children of the Baron and Baronne de +Rastignac; was private secretary to the Bishop of Limoges towards the +end of the Restoration, during the trial of Tascheron. In 1832 he +became, when only a young man of thirty, a bishop. He was consecrated +by the Archbishop Dutheil. [Father Goriot. The Country Parson. A +Daughter of Eve.] + +RASTIGNAC (Henri de), the fifth child, probably of the Baron de +Rastignac and his wife. Nothing is known of his life. [Father Goriot.] + +RATEL, gendarme in the Orne district; in 1809, along with his fellow- +officer, Mallet, was charged with the capture of "Lady" Bryond des +Miniares, who was implicated in the affair known as the "Chauffeurs de +Mortagne." He found the fugitive, but, instead of arresting her, +allowed himself to be unduly influenced by her, and then protected her +and let her escape. This action on his part was known to Mallet. +Ratel, when imprisoned, confessed all, and committed suicide before +the time assigned for trial. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +RAVENOUILLET, porter in Bixiou's house, at No. 112 rue Richelieu, in +1845; son of a Carcassonne grocer; a steward throughout his life and +owed his first position to his fellow-countryman, Massol. +Ravenouillet, although uneducated was not unintelligent. According to +Bixiou, he was the "Providence at thirty per cent" of the seventy-one +lodgers in the house, through whom he netted in the neighborhood of +six thousand francs a month. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +RAVENOUILLET (Madame), wife of the preceding. [The Unconscious +Humorists.] + +RAVENOUILLET (Lucienne), daughter of the preceding couple, was in 1845 +a pupil in the Paris Conservatory of Music. [The Unconscious +Humorists.] + +REGNAULD (Baron) (1754-1829), celebrated artist, member of the +Institute. Joseph Bridau, when fourteen, was a frequent visitor at his +studio, in 1812-1813. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] + +REGNAULT, former chief clerk to Maitre Roguin, a Paris notary; came to +Vendome in 1816 and purchased there a notaryship. He was called by +Madame de Merret to her death-bed, and was made her executor. In this +position, some years later, he urged Doctor Bianchon to respect one of +the last wishes of the deceased by discontinuing his promenades in the +Grande Breteche garden, as she had wished this property to remain +entirely unused for half a century. Maitre Regnault married a wealthy +cousin of Vendome. Regnault was tall and slender, with sloping +forehead, small pointed head and wan complexion. He frequently used +the expression, "One moment." [La Grande Breteche.] + +REGNIER (Claude-Antoine), Duc de Massa, born in 1746, died 1814; an +advocate, and afterwards deputy to the Constituency; was high justice +--justice of the peace--during the celebrated trial of the Simeuses +and Hauteserres, accused of the abduction of Senator Malin. He noticed +the talent displayed by Granville for the defendants, and a little +later, having met him at Archchancelor Cambaceres's house, he took the +young barrister into his own carriage, setting him down on the Quai +des Augustins, at the young man's door, after giving him some +practical advice and assuring him of his protection. [The Gondreville +Mystery. A Second Home.] + +REMONENCQ, an Auvergnat, dealer in old iron, established on rue de +Normandie, in the house in which Pons and Schmucke lived, and where +the Cibots were porters. Remonencq, who had come to Paris with the +intention of being a porter, ran errands between 1825 and 1831 for the +dealers in curiosities on Boulevard Beaumarchais and the coppersmiths +on rue de Lappe, then opened in this same quarter a small shop for +odds and ends. He lived there in sordid economy. He had been in +Sylvain Pons's house, and had fully recognized the great value of the +aged collector's treasures. His greed urged him to crime, and he +instigated Madame Cibot in her theft at the Pons house. After +receiving his share of the property, he poisoned the husband of the +portress, in order to marry the widow, with whom he established a +curiosity shop in an excellent building on the Boulevard de la +Madeleine. About 1846 he unwittingly poisoned himself with a glass of +vitriol, which he had placed near his wife. [Cousin Pons.] + +REMONENCQ (Mademoiselle), sister of the preceding, "a kind of idiot +with a vacant stare, dressed like a Japanese idol." She was her +brother's house-keeper. [Cousin Pons.] + +REMONENCQ (Madame), born in 1796, at one time a beautiful oyster- +woman of the "Cadran Bleu" in Paris; married for love the porter- +tailor, Cibot, in 1828, and lived with him in the porter's lodge of a +house on rue de Normandie, belonging to Claude-Joseph Pillerault. In +this house the musicians, Pons and Schmucke, lived. She busied herself +for some time with the management of the house and the cooking for +these two celibates. At first she was faithful, but finally, moved by +Remonencq, and encouraged by Fontaine, the necromancer, she robbed the +ill-fated Pons. Her husband having been poisoned, without her +knowledge, by Remonencq, she married the second-hand dealer, now a +dealer in curiosities, and proprietor of the beautiful shop on the +Boulevard de la Madeleine. She survived her second husband. [Cousin +Pons.] + +REMY (Jean), peasant of Arcis-sur-Aube, against whom a neighbor lost a +lawsuit concerning a boundary line. This neighbor, who was given to +drink, used strong language in speaking against Jean Remy in a session +of the electors who had organized in the interest of Dorlange- +Sallenauve, a candidate, in the month of April, 1839. If we may +believe this neighbor, Jean Remy was a wife-beater, and had a daughter +who had obtained, through the influence of a deputy, and apparently +without any claim, an excellent tobacco-stand on rue Mouffetard. [The +Member for Arcis.] + +RENARD, former captain in the Imperial army, withdrew to Issoudun +during the Restoration; one of the officers in the Faubourg de Rome, +who were hostile to the "pekins" and partisans of Maxence (Max) Gilet. +Renard and Commandant Potel were seconds for Maxence in his duel with +Philippe Bridau--a duel which resulted in the former's death. [A +Bachelor's Establishment.] + +RENARD, regimental quartermaster in the cavalry, 1812. Although +educated as a notary he became an under officer. He had the face of a +girl and was considered a "wheedler." He saved the life of his friend, +Genestas, several times, but enticed away from him a Polish Jewess, +whom he loved, married in Sarmatian fashion, and left enceinte. When +fatally wounded in the battle against the Russians, just before the +battle of Lutzen, in his last hours, to Genestas, he acknowledged +having betrayed the Jewess, and begged this gentleman to marry her and +claim the child, which would soon be born. This was done by the +innocent officer. Renard was the son of a Parisian wholesale grocer, a +"toothless shark," who would not listen to anything concerning the +quartermaster's offspring. [The Country Doctor.] + +RENARD (Madame). (See Genestas, Madame.) + +RENARD (Adrien). (See Genestas, Adrien.) + +RENE, the only servant to M. du Bousquier of Alencon, in 1816; a silly +Breton servant, who, although very greedy, was perfectly reliable. +[Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +RESTAUD (Comte de), a man whose sad life was first brought to the +notice of Barchou de Penhoen, a school-mate of Dufaure and Lambert; +born about 1780; husband of Anastasie Goriot, by whom he was ruined; +died in December, 1824, while trying to adjust matters favorably for +his eldest son, Ernest, the only one of Madame de Restaud's three +children whom he recognized as his own. To this end he had pretended +that, having been very extravagant, he was greatly in debt to Gobseck. +He assured his son by another letter of the real condition of his +estate. M. de Restaud, was similar in appearance to the Duc de +Richelieu, and had the proud manners of the statesman of the +aristocratic faubourg. [Gobseck. Father Goriot.] + +RESTAUD (Comtesse Anastasie de), wife of the preceding; elder daughter +of the vermicelli-maker, Jean-Joachim Goriot; a beautiful brunette of +queenly bearing and manners. Like the fair and gentle Madame de +Nucingen, her sister, she showed herself severe and ungrateful towards +the kindliest and weakest of fathers. She had three children, two boys +and a girl; Ernest, the eldest, being the only legitimate one. She +ruined herself for Trailles, her lover's benefit, selling her jewels +to Gobseck and endangering her children's future. As soon as her +husband had breathed his last, in a moment anxiously awaited, she took +from under his pillow and burned the papers which she believed +contrary to her own interests and those of her two natural children. +It thus followed that Gobseck, the fictitious creditor, gained a claim +on all of the remaining property. [Gobseck. Father Goriot.] + +RESTAUD (Ernest de), eldest child of the preceding, and their only +legitimate one, as the other two were natural children of Maxime de +Trailles. In 1824, while yet a child, he received from his dying +father instruction to hand to Derville, the attorney, a sealed package +which contained his will; but Madame de Restaud, by means of her +maternal authority, kept Ernest from carrying out his promise. On +attaining his majority, after his fortune had been restored to him by +his father's fictitious creditor, Gobseck, he married Camille de +Grandlieu, who reciprocated his love for her. As a result of this +marriage Ernest de Restaud became connected with the Legitimists, +while his brother Felix, who had almost attained the position of +minister under Louis Philippe, followed the opposite party. [Gobseck. +The Member for Arcis.] + +RESTAUD (Madame Ernest de), born Camille de Grandlieu in 1813, +daughter of the Vicomtesse de Grandlieu. During the first years of +Louis Philippe's reign, while very young, she fell in love with and +married Ernest de Restaud, who was then a minor. [Gobseck. The Member +for Arcis.] + +RESTAUD (Felix-Georges de), one of the younger children of the Comte +and Comtesse de Restaud; probably a natural son of Maxime de Trailles. +In 1839, Felix de Restaud was chief secretary to his cousin Eugene de +Rastignac, minister of public works. [Gobseck. The Member for Arcis.] + +RESTAUD (Pauline de), legal daughter of the Comte and Comtesse de +Restaud, but probably the natural daughter of Maxime de Trailles. We +know nothing of her life. [Gobseck.] + +REYBERT (De), captain in the Seventh regiment of artillery under the +Empire; born in the Messin country. During the Restoration he lived in +Presles, Seine-et-Oise, with his wife and daughter, on only six +hundred francs pension. As a neighbor of Moreau, manager of the Comte +de Serizy's estate, he detected the steward in some extortions, and +sending his wife to the count, denounced the guilty man. He was chosen +as Moreau's successor. Reybert married his daughter, without +furnishing her a dowry, to the wealthy farmer Leger. [A Start in +Life.] + +REYBERT (Madame de), born Corroy, in Messin, wife of the preceding, +and like him of noble family. Her face was pitted by small-pox until +it looked like a skimmer; her figure was tall and spare; her eyes were +bright and clear; she was straight as a stick; she was a strict +Puritan, and subscribed to the Courrier Francais. She paid a visit to +the Comte de Serizy, and unfolded to him Moreau's extortions, thus +obtaining for her husband the stewardship of Presles. [A Start in +Life.] + +RHETORE (Duc Alphonse de), eldest son of the Duc and Duchess de +Chaulieu, he became an ambassador in the diplomatic service. For many +years during the Restoration he kept Claudine Chaffaroux, called +Tullia, the star dancing-girl at the Opera, who married Bruel in 1824. +He became acquainted with Lucien de Rubempre, both in his own circle +of acquaintance and in the world of gallantry, and entertained him one +evening in his box at a first performance at the Ambigu in 1821. He +reproached his guest for having wounded Chatelet and Madame de +Bargeton by his newspaper satire, and at the same time, while +addressing him continually as Chardon, he counseled the young man to +become a Royalist, in order that Louis XVIII. might restore to him the +title and name of Rubempres, his maternal ancestors. The Duc de +Rhetore, however, disliked Lucien de Rubempre, and a little later at a +performance in the Italiens, he traduced him to Madame de Serizy, who +was really in love with the poet. [A Bachelor's Establishment. A +Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. +Letters of Two Brides.] In 1835, he married the Duchesse d'Argaiolo, +born the Princesse Soderini, a woman of great beauty and fortune. +[Albert Savarus.] In 1839, he had a duel with Dorlange-Sallenauve, +having provoked the latter, by speaking in a loud voice, which he knew +could be easily understood, and slandering Marie Gaston, second +husband of Dorlange's sister, Louise de Chaulieu. Dorlange was +wounded. [The Member for Arcis.] + +RHETORE (Duchess de), born Francesca Soderini in 1802; a very +beautiful and wealthy Florentine; married, when very young, by her +father, to the Duc d'Argaiolo, who was also very rich and much older +than herself. In Switzerland or Italy she became acquainted with +Albert Savarus, when, as a result of political events, she and her +husband were proscribed and deprived of their property. The Duchesse +d'Argaiolo and Albert Savarus loved platonically, and Francesca-like +she promised her hand to her Francois whenever she should become a +widow. In 1835, having been widowed for some time, and, as a result of +Rosalie de Watteville's plots, believing herself forgotten and +betrayed by Savarus, from whom she had received no news, she gave her +hand to the Duc de Rhetore, the ex-ambassador. The marriage took place +in the month of May at Florence and was celebrated with much pomp. The +Duchesse d'Argaiolo is pictured under the name of the Princesse +Gandolphini in "L'Ambitieux par Amour," published in 1834 by the Revue +de l'Est. Under Louis Philippe, the Duchesse de Rhetore became +acquainted with Mademoiselle de Watteville at a charity entertainment. +On their second meeting, which took place at the Opera ball, +Mademoiselle de Watteville revealed her own ill-doings and vindicated +Savarus. [Albert Savarus.] + +RICHARD (Veuve), a Nemours woman from whom Ursule Mirouet, afterwards +Vicomtesse de Portenduere, after the death of Doctor Minoret, her +guardian, purchased a house to occupy. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +RIDAL (Fulgence), dramatic author; member of the Cenacle, which held +its sessions at D'Arthez's home on rue des Quatre-Vents, during the +Restoration. He disparaged Leon Giraud's beliefs, went under a +Rabelaisian guise, careless, lazy and skeptical, also inclined to be +melancholy and happy at the same time; nick-named by his friends the +"Regimental Dog." Fulgence Ridal and Joseph Bridau, with other members +of the Cenacle, were present at an evening party given by Madame Veuve +Bridau, in 1819, to celebrate the return of her son Philippe from +Texas. [A Bachelor's Establishment. A Distinguished Provincial at +Paris.] In 1845, having been a vaudevillist, he was given the +direction of a theatre in association with Lousteau. He had +influencial government friends. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +RIFFE, copying-clerk in the Financial Bureau, who had charge of the +"personnel." [The Government Clerks.] + +RIFOOEL. (See Vissard, Chevalier du.) + +RIGANSON, called Biffon, also Chanoine, constituted with La Biffe, his +mistress, one of the most important couples in his class of society. +When a convict he met Jacques Collin, called Vautrin, and in May, +1830, saw him once more at the Conciergerie, at the time of the +judical investigation succeeding Esther Gobseck's death. Riganson was +short of stature, fat, and with livid skin, and an eye black and +sunken. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +RIGOU (Gregoire), born in 1756; at one time a Benedictine friar. Under +the Republic he married Arsene Pichard, only heir of the rich Cure +Niseron. He became a money-lender; filled the office of mayor of +Blangy, Bourgogne, up to 1821, when he was succeeded by Montcornet. On +the arrival of the general in the country Rigou endeavored to be +friendly with him, but having been quickly slighted, he became one of +the Montcornets' most dangerous enemies, along with Gaubertin, mayor +of Ville-aux-Fayes, and Soudry, mayor of Soulanges. This triumvirate +succeeded in arousing the peasants against the owner of Aigues, and +the local citizens having become more or less opposed to him, the +general sold his property, and it fell to the three associates. Rigou +was selfish, avaricious but pleasure-loving; he looked like a condor. +His name was often the subject of a pun, and he was called Grigou (G. +Rigou--a miserly man). "Deep as a monk, silent as a Benedictine, +crafty as a priest, this man would have been a Tiberius in Rome, a +Richelieu under Louis XIII. or a Fouche under the Convention." [The +Peasantry.] + +RIGOU (Madame), born Arsene Pichard, wife of the preceding, niece of a +maid named Pichard, who was house-keeper for Cure Niseron under the +Revolution, and whom she succeeded as house-keeper. She inherited, +together with her aunt, some money from a wealthy priest. She was +known while young by the name of La Belle Arsene. She had great +influence over the cure, although she could neither read nor write. +After her marriage with Rigou, she became the old Benedictine's slave. +She lost her Rubens-like freshness, her magical figure, her beautiful +teeth and the lustre of her eyes when she gave birth to her daughter, +who eventually became the wife of Soudry (fils). Madame Rigou quietly +bore the continued infidelity of her husband, who always had pretty +maids in his household. [The Peasantry.] + +RIVAUDOULT D'ARSCHOOT, of the Dulmen branch of a noted family of +Galicia or Russie-Rouge; heirs, through their grandfather, to this +family, and also, in default of the direct heirs, successors to the +titles. [The Thirteen.] + +RIVET (Achille), maker of lace and embroidery on rue des Mauvaises- +Paroles, in the old Langeais house, built by the illustrious family at +the time when the greatest lords were clustered around the Louvre. In +1815 he succeeded the Pons Brothers, embroiderers to the Court, and +was judge in the tribunal of commerce. He employed Lisbeth Fischer, +and, despite their quarrel, rendered this spinster some service. +Achille Rivet worshiped Louis Philippe, who was to him the "noble +representative of the class out of which he constructed his dynasty." +He loved the Poles less, at the time they were preventing European +equilibrium. He was willing to aid Cousin Betty in the revenge against +Wenceslas, which she once contemplated, as a result of her jealousy. +[Cousin Betty. Cousin Pons.] + +ROBERT, a Paris restaurant-keeper, near Frascati. Early in 1822 he +furnished a banquet lasting nine hours, at the time of the founding of +the Royalist journal, the "Reveil." Theodore Gaillard and Hector +Merlin, founders of the paper, Nathan and Lucien de Rubempre, +Martainville, Auger, Destains and many authors who "were responsible +for monarchy and religion," were present. "We have enjoyed an +excellent monarchical and religious feast!" said one of the best known +romanticists as he stood on the threshold. This sentence became famous +and appeared the next morning in the "Miroir." Its repetition was +wrongly attributed to Rubempre, although it had been reported by a +book-seller who had been invited to the repast. [A Distinguished +Provincial at Paris.] + +ROCHEFIDE (Marquis Arthur de), one of the later nobility; married +through his father's instrumentality, in 1828, Beatrix de Casteran, a +descendant of the more ancient nobility. His father thought that by +doing this his son would obtain an appointment to the peerage, an +honor which he himself had vainly sought. The Comtesse de Montcornet +was interested in this marriage. Arthur de Rochefide served in the +Royal Guards. He was a handsome man, but not especially worthy. He +spent much of his time at his toilet, and it was known that he wore a +corset. He was everybody's friend, as he joined in with the opinions +and extravagances of everybody. His favorite amusement was horse- +racing, and he supported a journal devoted to the subject of horses. +Having been deserted by his wife, he mourned without becoming the +object of ridicule, and passed for a "jolly, good fellow." Made rich +by the death of his father and of his elder sister, who was the wife +of D'Ajuda-Pinto, he inherited, among other things, a splendid mansion +on rue d'Anjou-Saint-Honore. He slept and ate there only occasionally +and was very happy at not having the marital obligations and expense +customary with married men. At heart he was so well satisfied at +having been deserted by his wife, that he said to his friends, "I was +born lucky." For a long time he supported Madame Schontz, and then +they lived together maritally. She reared his legitimate son as +carefully as though he were her own child. After 1840 she married Du +Ronceret, and Arthur de Rochefide was rejoined by his wife. He soon +communicated to her a peculiar disease, which Madame Schontz, angered +at having been abandoned, had given to him, as well as to Baron +Calyste du Guenic. [Beatrix.] In 1838, Rochefide was present at the +house-warming given by Josepha in her mansion on rue de la Ville- +l'Eveque. [Cousin Betty.] + +ROCHEFIDE (Marquise de), wife of the preceding, younger daughter of +the Marquis de Casteran; born Beatrix-Maximilienne-Rose de Casteran, +about 1808, in the Casteran Castle, department of Orne. After being +reared there she became the wife of the Marquis of Rochefide in 1828. +She was fair of skin, but a flighty vain coquette, without heart or +brains--a second Madame d'Espard, except for her lack of intelligence. +About 1832 she left her husband to flee into Italy with the musician, +Gennaro Conti, whom she took from her friend, Mademoiselle des +Touches. Finally she allowed Calyste du Guenic to pay her court. She +had met him also at her friend's house, and at first resisted the +young man. Afterwards, when he was married, she abandoned herself to +him. This liaison filled Madame du Guenic with despair, but was ended +after 1840 by the crafty manoeuvres of the Abbe Brossette. Madame de +Rochefide then rejoined her husband in the elegant mansion on rue +d'Anjou-Saint-Honore, but not until she had retired with him to +Nogent-sur-Marne, to care for her health which had been injured during +the resumption of marital relations. Before this reconciliation she +lived in Paris on rue de Chartres-du-Roule, near Monceau Park. The +Marquise de Rochefide had, by her husband, a son, who was for some +time under the care of Madame Schontz. [Beatrix. The Secrets of a +Princess.] In 1834, in the presence of Madame Felix de Vandenesse, +then in love with the poet Nathan, the Marquise Charles de Vandenesse, +sister-in-law of Madame Felix, Lady Dudley, Mademoiselle des Touches, +the Marquise d'Espard, Madame Moina de Saint Hereen and Madame de +Rochefide expressed their ideas on love and marriage. "Love is +heaven," said Lady Dudley. "It is hell!" cried Mademoiselle des +Touches. "But it is a hell where there is love," replied Madame de +Rochefide. "There is often more pleasure in suffering than in +happiness; remember the martyrs!" [A Daughter of Eve.] The history of +Sarrasine was told her about 1830. The marquise was acquainted with +the Lantys, and at their house saw the strange Zambinella. +[Sarrasine.] One afternon, in the year 1836 or 1837, in her house on +rue des Chartres, Madame de Rochefide heard the story of the "Prince +of Bohemia" told by Nathan. After this narrative she became wild over +La Palferine. [A Prince of Bohemia.] + +ROCHEGUDE (Marquis de), an old man in 1821, possessing an income of +six hundred thousand francs, offered a brougham at this time to +Coralie, who was proud of having refused it, being "an artist, and not +a prostitute." [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] This Rochegude +was apparently a Rochefide. The change of names and confusion of +families was corrected eventually by law. + +RODOLPHE, natural son of an intelligent and charming Parisian and of a +Barbancon gentleman who died before he was able to arrange +satisfactorily for his sweetheart. Rodolphe was a fictitious character +in "L'Ambitieux par Amour," by Albert Savarus in the "Revue de l'Est" +in 1834, where, under this assumed name, he recounted his own +adventures. [Albert Savarus.] + +ROGER, general, minister and director of personnel in the War +Department in 1841. For thirty years a comrade of Baron Hulot. At this +time he enlightened his friend on the administrative situation, which +was seriously endangered at the time he asked for an appointment for +his sub-chief, Marneffe. This advancement was not merited, but became +possible through the dismissal of Coquet, the chief of bureau. [Cousin +Betty.] + +ROGRON, Provins tavern-keeper in the last half of the eighteenth +century and the beginning of the nineteenth. He was at first a carter, +and married the daughter of M. Auffray, a Provins grocer, by his first +wife. When his father-in-law died, Rogron bought his house from the +widow for a song, retired from business and lived there with his wife. +He possessed about two thousand francs in rentals, obtained from +twenty-seven pieces of land and the interest on the twenty thousand +francs raised by the sale of his tavern. Having become in his old age +a selfish, avaricious drunkard and shrewd as a Swiss tavern-keeper, he +reared coarsely and without affection the two children, Sylvie and +Jerome-Denis, whom he had by his wife. He died, in 1822, a widower. +[Pierrette.] + +ROGRON (Madame), wife of the preceding; daughter, by his first wife, +of M. Auffray, a Provins grocer; paternal aunt of Madame Lorrain, the +mother of Pierrette; born in 1743; very homely; married at the age of +sixteen; left her husband a widower. [Pierrette.] + +ROGRON (Sylvie), elder child of the preceding; born between 1780 and +1785 at Provins; sent to the country to be nursed. When thirteen years +old she was placed in a store on rue Saint-Denis, Paris. When twenty +years old she was second clerk in a silk-store, the Ver Chinois, and +towards the end of 1815, bought with her own savings and those of her +brother the property of the Soeur de Famille, one of the best retail +haberdasher's establishments and then kept by Madame Guenee. Sylvie +and Jerome-Denis, partners in this establishment, retired to Provins +in 1823. They lived there in their father's house, he having been dead +several months, and received their cousin, the young Pierrette +Lorrain, a fatherless and motherless child of a delicate nature, whom +they treated harshly, and who died as a result of the brutal treatment +of Sylvie, an envious spinster. This woman had been sought in +marriage, on account of her dowry, by Colonel Gouraud, and she +believed herself deserted by him for Pierrette. [Pierrette.] + +ROGRON (Jerome-Denis), two years younger than his sister Sylvie, and +like her sent to Paris by his father. When very young he entered the +establishment of one of the leading haberdashers on rue Saint-Denis, +the firm of Guepin at the Trois Quenouilles. He became first clerk +there at eighteen. Finally associated with Sylvie in the haberdasher's +establishment, the Soeur de Famille, he withdrew with her in 1823 to +Provins. Jerome-Denis Rogron was ignorant and did not amount to much, +but depended on his sister in everything, for Sylvie had "good sense +and was sharp at a bargain." He allowed his sister to maltreat +Pierrette Lorrain, and, when called before the Provins court as +responsible for the young girl's death, was acquitted. In his little +city, Rogron, through the influence of the attorney, Vinet, opposed +the government of Charles X. After 1830 he was appointed receiver- +general. The former Liberal, who was one of the masses, said that +Louis Philippe would not be a real king until he could create +noblemen. In 1828, although homely and unintelligent, he married the +beautiful Bathilde de Chargeboeuf, who inspired in him an old man's +foolish passion. [Pierrette.] + +ROGRON (Madame Denis), born Bathilde de Chargeboeuf, about 1803, one +of the most beautiful young girls of Troyes, poor but noble and +ambitious. Her relative, Vinet the attorney, had made "a little +Catherine de Medicis" of her, and married her to Denis Rogron. Some +years after this marriage she desired to become a widow as soon as +possible, so that she might marry General Marquis de Montriveau, a +peer of France, who was very attentive to her. Montriveau controlled +the department in which Rogron had a receivership. [Pierrette.] + +ROGUIN, born in 1761; for twenty-five years a Paris notary, tall and +heavy; black hair and high forehead; of somewhat distinguished +appearance; affected with ozoena. This affection caused his ruin, for, +having married the only daughter of the banker, Chevrel, he disgusted +his wife very soon, and she was untrue to him. On the other hand, he +had paid mistresses, and kept and was fleeced by Sarah van Gobseck-- +"La Belle Hollandaise"--mother of Esther. He had met her about 1815. +In 1818 and 1819 Roguin, seriously compromised by careless financial +ventures as well as by dissipation, disappeared from Paris; and thus +brought about the ruin of Guillaume Grandet, Cesar Birotteau, and +Mesdames Descoings and Bridau. [Cesar Birotteau. Eugenie Grandet. A +Bachelor's Establishment.] Roguin had by his wife a daughter, whom he +married to the president of the Provins tribunal. She was called in +that city "the beautiful Madame Tiphaine." [Pierrette.] In 1816 he +made, for Ginevra di Piombo, a respectful request of her father that +he would allow his daughter to marry Luigi Porta, an enemy of the +family. [The Vendetta.] + +ROGUIN (Madame), born Chevrel between the years 1770 and 1780; only +daughter of Chevrel, the banker; wife of the preceding; cousin of +Madame Guillaume of The Cat and Racket, and fifteen years her junior; +aided her relative's daughter, Augustine, in her love affair with the +painter, Sommervieux; pretty and coquettish; for a long time the +mistress of Tillet, the banker; was present with her husband at the +famous ball given by Cesar Birotteau, December 17, 1818. She had a +country-house at Nogent-sur-Marne, in which she lived with her lover +after Roguin's departure. [Cesar Birotteau. At the Sign of the Cat and +Racket. Pierrette.] In 1815 Caroline Crochard, then an embroiderer, +worked for Madame Roguin, who made her wait for her wages. [A Second +Home.] In 1834 and 1835 Madame Roguin, then more than fifty years of +age, still posed as young and dominated Du Tillet, who was married to +the charming Marie-Eugenie de Granville. [A Daughter of Eve.] + +ROGUIN (Mathilde-Melanie). (See Tiphaine, Madame.) + +ROMETTE (La). (See Paccard, Jeromette.) + +RONCERET (Du), president of the Alencon tribunal under the +Restoration; was then a tall man, very thin, with forehead sloping +back to his thin chestnut hair; eyes of different colors, and +compressed lips. Not having been courted by the nobility, he turned +his attention to the middle classes, and then in the suit against +Victurnien d'Esgrignon, charged with forgery, he immediately took part +in the prosecution. That a preliminary trial might be avoided he kept +away from Alencon, but a judgment which acquitted Victurnien was +rendered during his absence. M. du Ronceret, in Machiavelli fashion, +manoeuvred to gain for his son Fabien the hand of a wealthy heiress of +the city, Mademoiselle Blandureau, who had also been sought by Judge +Blondet for his son Joseph. In this contest the judge won over his +chief. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] M. du Ronceret died in 1837, +while holding the presidency of chamber at the Royal Court of Caen. +The Du Roncerets, ennobled under Louis XV., had arms bearing the word +"Servir" as a motto and a squire's helmet. [Beatrix.] + +RONCERET (Madame du), wife of the preceding, tall and ill-formed; of +serious disposition; dressed herself in the most absurd costumes of +gorgeous colors; spent much time at her toilet, and never went to a +ball without first decorating her head with a turban, such as the +English were then wearing. Madame du Ronceret received each week, and +each quarter gave a great three-course dinner, which was spoken of in +Alencon, for the president then endeavored, with his miserly +abundance, to compete with M. du Bousquier's elegance. In the +Victurnien d'Esgrignon affair, Madame du Ronceret, at the instigation +of her husband, urged the deputy, Sauvages, to work against the young +nobleman. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +RONCERET (Fabien-Felicien du), or Duronceret, son of the preceding +couple; born about 1802, educated at Alencon; was here the companion +in dissipation of Victurnien d'Esgrignon, whose evil nature he +stimulated at M. du Bousquier's instigation. [Jealousies of a Country +Town.] At first a judge in Alencon, Du Ronceret resigned after the +death of his father and went to Paris in 1838, with the intention of +pushing himself into notice by first causing an uproar. He became +acquainted in Bohemian circles where he was called "The Heir," on +account of some prodigalities. Having made the acquaintance of +Couture, the journalist, he was presented by him to Madame Schontz, a +popular courtesan of the day, and became his successor in an elegantly +furnished establishment in a first floor on rue Blanche. He there +began as vice-president of a horticultural society. After an opening +session, during which he delivered an address which he had paid +Lousteau five hundred francs to compose, and where he made himself +noticed by a flower given him by Judge Blondet, he was decorated. +Later he married Madame Schontz, who wished to enter middle-class +society. Ronceret expected, with her influence, to become president of +the court and officer of the Legion of Honor [Beatrix.] While +purchasing a shawl for his wife at M. Fritot's, in company with +Bixiou, Fabien du Ronceret was present about 1844 at the comedy which +took place when the Selim shawl was sold to Mistress Noswell. +[Gaudissart II.] + +RONCERET (Madame Fabien du), born Josephine Schiltz in 1805, wife of +the preceding, daughter of a colonel under the Empire; fatherless and +motherless, at nine years of age she was sent to Saint-Denis by +Napoleon in 1814, and remained in that educational institution, as +assistant-mistress, until 1827. At this time Josephine Schiltz, who +was a god-child of the Empress, began the adventurous life of a +courtesan, after the example of some of her companions who were, like +her, at the end of their patience. She now changed her name from +Schiltz to Schontz, and she was also known under the assumed name of +Little Aurelie. Animated, intelligent and pretty, after having +sacrificed herself to true love, after having known "some poor but +dishonorable writers," after having tried intimacy with several rich +simpletons, she was met in a day of distress, at Valentino Mussard's, +by Arthur de Rochefide, who loved her madly. Having been abandoned by +his wife for two years, he lived with her in free union. This evil +state of affairs existed until the time when Josephine Schiltz was +married by Fabien du Ronceret. In order to have revenge on the Marquis +de Rochefide for abandoning her, she gave him a peculiar disease, +which she had made Fabien du Ronceret contract, and which also was +conveyed to Calyste du Guenic. During her life as a courtesan, her +rivals were Suzanne de Val-Noble, Fanny Beaupre, Mariette, Antonia, +and Florine. She was intimate with Finot, Nathan, Claude Vignon, to +whom she probably owed her critical mind, Bixiou, Leon de Lora, Victor +de Vernisset, La Palferine, Gobeneim, Vermanton the cynical +philosphoer, etc. She even hoped to marry one of these. In 1836 she +lived on rue Flechier, and was the mistress of Lousteau, to whom she +wished to marry Felicie Cardot, the notary's daughter. Later she +belonged to Stidmann. In 1838 she was present at Josepha's house- +warming on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. In 1840, at the first performance +at the Ambigu, she met Madame de la Baudraye, then Lousteau's +mistress. Josephine Schiltz finally became the wife of President du +Ronceret. [Beatrix. The Muse of the Department. Cousin Betty. The +Unconscious Humorists.] + +RONQUEROLLES (Marquis de), brother of Madame de Serizy; uncle of the +Comtesse Laginska; one of "The Thirteen," and one of the most +efficient governmental diplomats under Louis Philippe; next to the +Prince de Talleyrand the shrewdest ambassador; was of great service to +Marsay during his service as a minister; was sent to Russia in 1838 on +a secret mission. Having lost his two children during the cholera +scourge of 1832, he was left without a direct heir. He had been a +deputy on the Right Centre under the Restoration, representing a +department in Bourgogne, where he was proprietor of a forest and of a +castle next to the Aigues in the commune of Blangy. When Gaubertin, +the steward, was discharged by the Comte de Montcornet, Soudry spoke +as follows: "Patience! We have Messieurs de Soulanges and de +Ronquerolles." [The Imaginary Mistress. The Peasantry. Ursule +Mirouet.] M. de Ronquerolles was an intimate friend of the Marquis +d'Aiglemont; they even addressed each other familiarly as /thou/ +instead of /you/. [A Woman of Thirty.] He alone knew of Marsay's first +love and the name of "Charlotte's" husband. [Another Study of Woman.] +In 1820 the Marquis de Ronquerolles, while at a ball at the Elysee- +Bourbon, in the Duchesse de Berri's house, provoked Auguste de +Maulincour, of whom Ferragus Bourignard had complained, to a duel. +Also, as a result of his membership in the Thirteen, Ronquerolles, +along with Marsay, helped General de Montriveau abduct the Duchesse de +Langeais from the convent of bare-footed Carmelites, where she had +taken refuge. [The Thirteen.] In 1839 he was M. de Rhetore's second in +a duel fought with Dorlange-Sallenauve, the sculptor, in connection +with Marie Gaston. [The Member for Arcis.] + +ROSALIE, rosy-cheeked and buxom, waiting-maid to Madame de Merret at +Vendome; then, after the death of her mistress, servant employed by +Madame Lepas, tavern-keeper in that town. She finally told Horace +Bianchon the drama of La Grande Breteche and the misfortunes of the +Merrets. [La Grande Breteche.] + +ROSALIE, chambermaid to Madame Moreau at Presles in 1822. [A Start in +Life.] + +ROSE, maid in the service of Armande-Louise-Marie de Chaulieu in 1823, +at the time when this young lady, having left the Carmelites of Blois, +came to live with her father on the Boulevard des Invalides in Paris. +[Letters of Two Brides.] + +ROSINA, an Italian from Messina, wife of a Piedmont gentleman, who was +captain in the French army under the Empire; mistress of her husband's +colonel. She died with her lover near Beresina in 1812, her jealous +husband having set fire to the hut which she and the colonel were +occupying. [Another Study of Woman.] + +ROUBAUD, born about 1803 was declared doctor by the Paris medical +school, a pupil of Desplein; practiced medicine at Montegnac, Haute- +Vienne, under Louis Philippe, small man of fair skin and very insipid +appearance, but with gray eyes which betrayed the depth of a +physiologist and the tenacity of a student. Roubaud was introduced to +Madame Graslin by the Cure Bonnet, who was in despair at Roubaud's +religious indifference. The young physician admired and secretly loved +this celebrated Limousinese, and became converted suddenly to +Catholicism on seeing the saintly death of Madame Graslin. When dying +she made him head-physician in a hospital founded by her at the +Tascherons near Montegnac. [The Country Parson.] + +ROUGET (Doctor), an Issoudun physician under Louis XVI. and the +Republic; born in 1737; died in 1805; married the most beautiful girl +of the city, whom, it is said, he made very unhappy. He had by her two +children: a son, Jean-Jacques; and, ten years later, a daughter, +Agathe, who became Madame Bridau. The birth of this daughter brought +about a rupture between the doctor and his intimate friend, the sub- +delegate Lousteau, whom Rouget, doubtless wrongly, accused of being +the girl's father. Each of these men charged the other with being the +father of Maxence Gilet, who was in reality the son of a dragoon +officer, stationed at Bourges. Doctor Rouget, who passed for a very +disagreeable, unaccommodating man, was selfish and spiteful. He +quickly got rid of his daughter, whom he hated. After his wife, his +mother-in-law and his father-in-law had died, he was very rich, and +although his life was apparently regular and free from scandal, he was +in reality very dissipated. In 1799, filled with admiration for the +beauty of the little Rabouilleuse, Flore Brazier, he received her into +his own home, where she stayed, becoming first the mistress, and +afterwards the wife of his son, Jean-Jacques, and eventually Madame +Philippe Bridau, Comtesse de Bramboug. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] + +ROUGET (Madame), born Descoings, wife of the preceding, daughter of +rich and avaricous wool-dealers at Issoudun, elder sister of the +grocer, Descoings, who married the widow of M. Bixiou and afterwards +died with Andre Chenier, July 25, 1794, on the scaffold. As a young +woman, although in very poor health, she was celebrated for her +beauty. Not being gifted with a very sound intellect, when married it +was thought that she was very badly treated by Doctor Rouget. Her +husband believed that she was unfaithful to him for the sake of the +sub-delegate, Lousteau. Madame Rouget, deprived of her dearly-beloved +daughter, and finding her son lacking altogether in affection for her, +declined rapidly and died early in 1799, unwept by her husband, who +had counted correctly on her early death. [A Bachelor's +Establishment.] + +ROUGET (Jean-Jacques), born at Issoudun in 1768, son of the preceding +couple, brother of Madame Bridau, who was ten years his junior. +Entirely lacking in intellect, he became wildly in love with Flore +Brazier, whom he knew as a child in his father's house. He made this +girl his servant-mistress soon after the doctor's death, and allowed +her lover, Maxence Gilet, near her. He finally married her in 1823, +being urged to do so by his nephew, Philippe Bridau, who soon took +Rouget to Paris, and there arranged for the old man's early death by +starting him into dissipation. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] After the +death of J.-J. Rouget, the Baudrayes of Sancerre bought part of his +furniture, and had it removed from Issoudun to Anzy, where they placed +it in their castle, which had formerly belonged to the Cadignans. [The +Muse of the Department.] + +ROUGET (Madame Jean-Jacques). (See Bridau, Madame Philippe.) + +ROUSSE (La), significant name given Madame Prelard. (See this last +name.) + +ROUSSEAU, driver of the public hack which carried the taxes collected +at Caen. This conveyance was attacked and plundered by robbers in May, +1809, in the forest of Chesnay, near Mortagne, Orne. Rousseau, being +looked upon as an accomplice of the robbers, was included in the +prosecution which took place soon after; but he was acquitted. [The +Seamy Side of History.] + +ROUSTAN, Mameluke, in the service of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was with +his master on the eve of the battle of Jena, October 13, 1806, when +Laurence de Cinq-Cygne and M. de Chargeboeuf observed him holding the +Emperor's horse as Napoleon dismounted. This was just before these two +approached the Emperor to ask pardon for the Hauteserres and the +Simeuses, who had been condemned as accomplices in the abduction of +Senator Malin. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +ROUVILLE (de), (See Leseigneur, Madame.) + +ROUVRE (Marquis du), father of the Comtesse Clementine Laginska; threw +away a considerable fortune, by means of which he had brought about +his marriage with a Ronquerolles maiden. This fortune was partly eaten +up by Florine, "one of the most charming actresses of Paris." [The +Imaginary Mistress.] M. du Rouvre was the brother-in-law of the Comte +de Serizy, who, like him, had married a Ronquerolles. Having been a +marquis under the old regime, M. du Rouvre was created count and made +chamberlain by the Emperor. [A Start in Life.] In 1829, M. du Rouvre, +then ruined, lived at Nemours. He had near this city a castle which he +sold at great loss to Minoret-Levrault. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +ROUVRE (Chevalier du), younger brother of the Marquis du Rouvre; an +eccentric old bachelor, who became wealthy by dealing in houses and +real estate, and is supposed to have left his fortune to his niece, +the Comtesse Clementine Laginska. [The Imaginary Mistress. Ursule +Mirouet.] + +ROUZEAU, an Angouleme printer, predecessor and master of Jerome- +Nicolas Sechard, in the eighteenth century. [Lost Illusions.] + +RUBEMPRE (Lucien-Chardon de), born in 1800 at Angouleme; son of +Chardon, a surgeon in the armies of the Republic who became an +apothecary in that town, and of Mademoiselle de Rubempre, his wife, +the descendant of a very noble family. He was a journalist, poet, +romance writer, author of "Les Marguerites," a book of sonnets, and of +the "Archer de Charles IX.," a historical romance. He shone for a time +in the salon of Madame de Bargeton, born Marie-Louise-Anais de +Negrepelisse, who became enamored of him, enticed him to Paris, and +there deserted him, at the instigation of her cousin, Madame d'Espard. +He met the members of the Cenacle on rue des Quatre-Vents, and became +well acquainted with D'Arthez. Etienne Lousteau, who revealed to him +the shameful truth concerning literary life, introduced him to the +well-known publisher, Dauriat, and escorted him to an opening night at +the Panorama-Dramatique theatre, where the poet saw the charming +Coralie. She loved him at first sight, and he remained true to her +until her death in 1822. Started by Lousteau into undertaking Liberal +journalism, Lucien de Rubempre passed over suddenly to the Royalist +side, founding the "Reveil," an extremely partisan organ, with the +hope of obtaining from the King the right to adopt the name of his +mother. At this time he frequented the social world and thus brought +to poverty his mistress. He was wounded in a duel by Michel Chrestien, +whom he had made angry by an article in the "Reveil," which had +severely criticised a very excellent book by Daniel d'Arthez. Coralie +having died, he departed for Angouleme on foot, with no resources +except twenty francs that Berenice, the cousin and servant of her +mistress, had received from chance lovers. He came near dying of +exhaustion and sorrow, very near the city of his birth. He found there +Madame de Bargeton, then the wife of Comte Sixte du Chatelet, prefect +of Charente and a state councilor. Despite the warm reception given +him, first by a laudatory article in a local newspaper, and next by a +serenade from his young fellow-citizens, he left Angouleme hastily, +desperate at having been responsible for the ruin of his brother-in- +law, David Sechard, and contemplating suicide. While walking along he +chanced upon Canon Carlos Herrera (Jacques Collin--Vautrin), who took +him to Paris and became the guardian of his future career. In 1824, +while passing an evening at the theatre Porte-Saint-Martin, Rubempre +became acquainted with Esther Van Gobseck, called La Torpille, a +courtesan. They were both seized at once with a violent love. A little +later, at the last Opera ball of the winter of 1824, they would have +compromised their security and pleasure if it had not been for the +interference of Jacques Collin, called Vautrin, and if Lucien had not +denied certain people the pleasure of satisfying their ill-willed +curiosity, by agreeing to take supper at Lointier's.[*] Lucien de +Rubempre sought to become the son-in-law of the Grandlieus; he was +welcomed by the Rabourdins; he became the protector of Savinien de +Portenduere; he became the lover of Mmes. Maufrigneuse and Serizy, and +the beloved of Lydie Peyrade. His life of ambition and of pleasure +ended in the Conciergerie, where he was imprisoned unjustly, charged +with robbing and murdering Esther, or with being an accomplice. He +hanged himself while in prison, May 15, 1830. [Lost Illusions. A +Distinguished Provincial at Paris. The Government Clerks. Ursule +Mirouet. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Lucien de Rubempre lived in +turn in Paris at the Hotel du Gaillard-Bois, rue de l'Echelle, in a +room in the Quartier Latin, in the Hotel de Cluny on the street of the +same name, in a lodging-house on rue Charlot, in another on rue de la +Lune in company with Coralie, in a little apartment on rue Cassette +with Jacques Collin, who followed him at least to one of his two +houses on the Quai Malaquais and on rue Taitbout, the former home of +Beaudenord and of Caroline de Bellefeuille. He is buried in Pere- +Lachaise in a costly tomb which contains also the body of Esther +Gobseck, and in which there is a place reserved for Jacques Collin. A +series of articles, sharp and pointed, on Rubempre is entitled "Les +Passants de Paris." + +[*] The Lointier restaurant, on rue Richelieu, opposite rue de la + Bourse, was very popular about 1846 with the "four hundred." + +RUFFARD, called Arrachelaine, a robber and at the same time employed +by Bibi-Lupin, chief of secret police in 1830; connected, with Godet, +in the assassination of the Crottats, husband and wife, committed by +Dannepont, called La Pouraille. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +RUFFIN, born in 1815, the instructor of Francis Graslin after 1840. +Ruffin was a professional teacher, and was possessed of a wonderful +amount of information. His extreme tenderness "did not exclude from +his nature the severity necessary on the part of one who wishes to +govern a child." He was of pleasing appearance, known for his patience +and piety. He was taken to Madame Graslin from his diocese by the +Archbishop Dutheil, and had, for at least nine years, the direction of +the young man who had been put in his charge. [The Country Parson.] + +RUSTICOLI. (See La Palferine.) + + + +S + +SABATIER, police-agent; Corentin regretted not having had his +assistance in the search with Peyrade, at Gondreville, in 1803. [The +Gondreville Mystery.] + +SABATIER (Madame), born in 1809. She formerly sold slippers in the +trade gallery of the Palais de Justice, in Paris; widow of a man who +killed himself by excessive drinking, became a trained nurse, and +married a man whom she had nursed and had cured of an affection of the +urinary ducts ("lurinary," according to Madame Cibot), and by whom she +had a fine child. She lived in rue Barre-du-Bec. Madame Bordevin, a +relative, wife of a butcher of the rue Charlot, was god-mother of the +child. [Cousin Pons.] + +SAGREDO, a very wealthy Venetian senator, born in 1730, husband of +Bianca Vendramini; was strangled, in 1760, by Facino Cane, whom he had +found with Bianca, conversing on the subject of love, but in an +entirely innocent way. [Facino Cane.] + +SAGREDA (Bianca), wife of the preceding, born Vendramini, about 1742; +in 1760, she undeservingly incurred the suspicion, in the eyes of her +husband, of criminal relations with Facino Cane, and was unwilling to +follow her platonic friend away from Venice after the murder of +Sagredo. [Facino Cane.] + +SAILLARD, a clerk of mediocre talent in the Department of Finance, +during the reigns of Louis XVIII. and of Charles X.; formerly book- +keeper at the Treasury, where he is believed to have succeeded the +elder Poiret;[*] he was afterwards appointed chief cashier, and held +that position a long while. Saillard married Mademoiselle Bidault, a +daughter of a furniture merchant, whose establishment was under the +pillars of the Paris market, and a niece of the bill-discounter on rue +Greneta; he had by her a daughter, Elisabeth, who became by marriage +Madame Isidore Baudoyer; owned an old mansion on Place Royale, where +he lived together with the family of Isidore Baudoyer; he became mayor +of his ward during the monarchy of July, and renewed then his +acquaintance with his old comrades of the department, the Minards and +the Thuilliers. [The Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] + +[*] The Compilers subsequently dispute this. + +SAILLARD (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Bidault, in 1767; niece +of the bill-discounter called Gigonnet; was the leading spirit of the +household on Place Royale, and, above all, the counselor of her +husband; she reared her daughter Elisabeth, who became Madame +Baudoyer, very strictly. [Cesar Birotteau. The Government Clerks.] + +SAIN, shared with Augustin the sceptre of miniature painting under the +Empire. In 1809, before the Wagram campaign, he painted a miniature of +Montcornet, then young and handsome; this painting passed from the +hands of Madame Fortin, mistress of the future marshal, to the hands +of their daughter, Madame Valerie Crevel (formerly Marneffe). [Cousin +Betty.] + +SAINT-DENIS (De), assumed name of the police-agent, Corentin. + +SAINTE-BEAUVE (Charles-Augustin), born at Boulogne-sur-Mer in 1805; +died in Paris in 1869; an academician and senator under the Second +Empire. An illustrious Frenchman of letters whom Raoul Nathan imitated +poorly enough before Beatrix de Rochefide in his account of the +adventures of Charles-Edouard Rusticoli de la Palferine. [A Prince of +Bohemia.] + +SAINTE-SEVERE (Madame de), cousin to Gaston de Nueil, lived in Bayeux, +where she received, in 1822, her young kinsman, just convalescing from +some inflammatory disorder caused by excess in study or in pleasure. +[The Deserted Woman.] + +SAINT-ESTEVE (De), name of Jacques Collin as chief of the secret +police. + +SAINT-ESTEVE (Madame de), an assumed name, shared by Madame Jacqueline +Collin and Madame Nourrisson. + +SAINT-FOUDRILLE (De), a "brilliant scholar," lived in Paris, and most +likely in the Saint-Jacques district, at least about 1840, the time +when Thuillier wished to know him. [The Middle Classes.] + +SAINT-FOUDRILLE (Madame de), wife of the preceding, received, about +1840, a very attentive visit from the Thuillier family. [The Middle +Classes.] + +SAINT-GEORGES (Chevalier de), 1745-1801, a mulatto, of superb figure +and features, son of a former general; captain of the guards of the +Duc d'Orleans; served with distinction under Dumouriez; arrested in +1794 on suspicion, and released after the 9th Thermidor; he became +distinguished in the pleasing art of music, and especially in the art +of fencing. The Chevalier de Saint-Georges traded at the Cat and +Racket on the rue Saint-Denis, but did not pay his debts. Monsieur +Guillaume had obtained a judgment of the consular government against +him. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] Later he was made popular by +a production of a comedie-vaudeville of Roger de Beauvoir, at the +Varietees under Louis Philippe, with the comedian Lafont[*] as +interpreter. + +[*] Complimented in 1836, at the chateau of Madame de la Baudraye, by + Etienne Lousteau and Horace Bianchon. + +SAINT-GERMAIN (De), one of the assumed names of police-agent Peyrade. + +SAINT-HEREEN (Comte de), husband of Moina d'Aiglemont, was heir of one +of the most illustrious houses of France. He lived with his wife and +mother-in-law in a house belonging to the former, on the rue Plumet +(now rue Oudinot), adjoining the Boulevard des Invalides; about the +middle of December, 1843, he left this house alone to go on a +political mission; during this time his wife received too willingly +the frequent and compromising visits of young Alfred de Vandenesse, +and his mother-in-law died suddenly. [A Woman of Thirty.] + +SAINT-HEREEN (Countess Moina de), wife of the preceding; of five +children she was the only one that survived Monsieur and Madame +d'Aiglemont, in the second half of Louis Philippe's reign. Blindly +spoiled by her mother, she repaid that almost exclusive affection by +coldness only, or even disdain. By a cruel word Moina caused the death +of her mother; she dared, indeed, to recall to her mother her former +relations with Marquis Charles de Vandenesse, whose son Alfred she +herself was receiving with too much pleasure in the absence of +Monsieur de Saint-Hereen. [A Woman of Thirty.] In a conversation +concerning love with the Marquise de Vandenesse, Lady Dudley, +Mademoiselle des Touches, the Marquise of Rochefide, and Madame +d'Espard, Moina laughingly remarked: "A lover is forbidden fruit, a +statement that sums up the whole case with me." [A Daughter of Eve.] +Madame Octave de Camps, referring to Nais de l'Estorade, then a girl, +made the following cutting remark: "That little girl makes me anxious; +she reminds me of Moina d'Aiglemont." [The Member for Arcis.] + +SAINT-MARTIN (Louis-Claude de), called the "Unknown Philosopher," was +born on the 18th of January, 1743, at Amboise, and died October 13, +1803; he was very often received at Clochegourde by Madame de +Verneuil, an aunt of Madame de Mortsauf, who knew him there. At +Clochegourde, Saint-Martin superintended the publication of his last +books, which were printed at Letourmy's in Tours. [The Lily of the +Valley.] + +SAINT-VIER (Madame de). (See Gentillet.) + +SAINTOT (Astolphe de), one of the frequenters of the Bargeton salon at +Angouleme; president of the society of agriculture of his town; though +"ignorant as a carp," he passed for a scholar of the first rank; and, +though he did nothing, he let it be believed that he had been occupied +for several years with writing a treatise on modern methods of +cultivation. His success in the world was due, for the most part, to +quotations from Cicero, learned by heart in the morning and recited in +the evening. Though a tall, stout, red-faced man, Saintot seemed to be +ruled by his wife. [Lost Illusions.] + +SAINTOT (Madame de), wife of the preceding. Her Christian name was +Elisa, and she was usually called Lili, a childish designaton that was +in strong contrast with the character of this lady, who was dry and +solemn, extremely pious, and a cross and quarrelsome card-player. +[Lost Illusions.] + +SALLENAUVE (Francois-Henri-Pantaleon-Dumirail, Marquis de), a noble of +Champagne, lost and ruined by cards, in his old age was reduced to the +degree of a street-sweep, under the service of Jacques Bricheteau. +[The Member for Arcis.] + +SALLENAUVE (Comte de), legal son of the preceding, was born in 1809 of +the relations of Catherine-Antoinette Goussard and Jacques Collin; +grandson of Danton through his mother; school-mate of Marie Gaston, +whose friend he continued to be, and for whom he fought a duel. For a +long time he knew nothing of his family, but lived almost to the age +of thirty under the name of Charles Dorlange. [The Member for Arcis.] + +SALLENAUVE (Comtesse de), wife of the preceding, born Jeanne-Athenais +de l'Estorade (Nais, by familiar abbreviation) in February, 1827; the +precocious and rather spoilt child of the Comte and Comtesse Louis de +l'Estorade. [Letters of Two Brides. The Member for Arcis.] + +SALMON, formerly expert in the museum at Paris. In 1826, while on a +visit at Tours, whither he had gone to see his mother-in-law, he was +engaged to assess a "Virgin" by Valentin and a "Christ" by Lebrun, +paintings which Abbe Francois Birotteau had inherited from Abbe +Chapeloud, having left them in an apartment recently occupied by +himself at Mademoiselle Sophie Gamard's. [The Vicar of Tours.] + +SALOMON (Joseph), of Tours, or near Tours, uncle and guardian to +Pauline Salomon de Villenoix, a very rich Jewess. He was deeply +attached to his niece and wished a brilliant match for her. Louis +Lambert, who was engaged to Pauline, said: "This terrible Salomon +freezes me; this man is not of our heaven." [Louis Lambert.] + +SAMANON, a squint-eyed speculator, followed the various professions of +a money-handler during the reigns of Louis XVIII., Charles X., and +Louis Philippe. In 1821, Lucien de Rubempre, still a novice, visited +Samanon's establishment in the Faubourg Poissonniere, where he was +then engaged in the numerous trades of dealing in old books and old +clothes, of brokerage, and of discount. There he found a certain great +man of unknown identity, a Bohemian and cynic, who had come to borrow +his own clothes that he had left in pawn. [A Distinguished Provincial +at Paris.] Nearly three years later, Samanon was the man of straw of +the Gobseck-Bidault (Gigonnet) combination, who were persecuting +Chardin des Lupeaulx for the payment of debts due them. [The +Government Clerks.] After 1830, the usurer joined with the Cerizets +and the Claparons when they tried to circumvent Maxime de Trailles. [A +Man of Business.] The same Samanon, about 1844, had bills to the value +of ten thousand francs against Baron Hulot d'Ervy, who was seeking +refuge under the name of Father Vyder. [Cousin Betty.] + +SAN-ESTEBAN (Marquise de), a foreign and aristocratic sounding assumed +name, under which Jacqueline Collin disguised herself when she visited +the Conciergerie, in May, 1830, to see Jacques Collin, himself under +the incognito of Carlos Herrera. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +SAN-REAL (Don Hijos, Marquis de), born about 1735, a powerful +nobleman; he enjoyed the friendship of Ferdinand VII., King of Spain, +and married a natural daughter of Lord Dudley, Margarita-Euphemia +Porraberil (born of a Spanish mother), with whom he lived in Paris, in +1815, in a mansion on the rue Saint-Lazare, near Nucingen. [The +Thirteen.] + +SAN REAL (Marquise de), wife of the preceding, born Margarita-Euphemia +Porraberil, natural daughter of Lord Dudley and a Spanish woman, and +sister of Henri de Marsay; had the restless energy of her brother, +whom she resembled also in appearance. Brought up at Havana, she was +then taken back to Madrid, accompanied by a creole girl of the +Antilles, Paquita Valdes, with whom she maintained passionate +unnatural relations, that marriage did not interrupt and which were +being continued in Paris in 1815, when the marquise, meeting a rival +in her brother, Henri de Marsay, killed Paquita. After this murder, +Madame de San Real retired to Spain to the convent of Los Dolores. +[The Thirteen.] + +SANSON (Charles-Henri), public executioner in the period of the +Revolution, and beheader of Louis XVI.; he attended two masses +commemorating the death of the King, celebrated in 1793 and 1794, by +the Abbe de Marolles, to whom his identity was afterwards disclosed by +Ragon. [An Episode under the Terror.] + +SANSON, son of the preceding, born about 1770, descended, as was his +father, from headsmen of Rouen. After having been captain of cavalry +he assisted his father in the execution of Louis XVI.; was his agent +when scaffolds were operated at the same time in the Place Louis XV. +and the Place du Trone, and eventually succeeded him. Sanson was +prepared to "accommodate" Theodore Calvi in May, 1830; he awaited the +condemning order, which was not issued. He had the appearance of a +rather distinguished Englishman. At least Sanson gave Jacques Collin +that impression, when he met the ex-convict, then confined at the +Conciergerie. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Sanson lived in the +rue des Marais (the district of the Faubourg Saint-Martin), which is a +much shorter street now than formerly. + +SARCUS was justice of the peace, in the reign of Louis XVIII., at +Soulanges (Bourgogne), where he lived on his fifteen hundred francs, +together with the rent of a house in which he lived, and three hundred +francs from the public funds. Sarcus married the elder sister of +Vermut, the druggist of Soulanges, by whom he had a daughter, Adeline, +afterwards Madame Adolphe Sibilet. This functionary of inferior order, +a handsome little old man with iron-gray hair, was none the less the +politician of the first order in the society of Soulanges, which was +completely under Madame Soudry's sway, and which counted almost all +Montcornet's enemies. [The Peasantry.] + +SARCUS, cousin in the third degree of the preceding; called Sarcus the +Rich; in 1817 a counselor at the prefecture of the department of +Bourgogne, which Monsieur de la Roche-Hugon and Monsieur de Casteran +governed successively under the Restoration, and which included as +dependencies Ville-aux-Fayes, Soulanges, Blangy, and Aigues. He +recommended Sibilet as steward for Aigues, which was Montcornet's +estate. Sarcus the Rich was a member of the Chamber of Deputies; he +was also said to be right-hand man to the prefect. [The Peasantry.] + +SARCUS (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Vallat, in 1778, of a +family connected with the Gaubertins, was supposed in her youth to +have favored Monsieur Lupin, who, in 1823, was still paying devoted +attentions to this woman of forty-five, the mother of an engineer. +[The Peasantry.] + +SARCUS, son of the preceding couple, became, in 1823, general engineer +of bridges and causeways of Ville-aux-Fayes, thus completing the group +of powerful native families hostile to the Montcornets. [The +Peasantry.] + +SARCUS-TAUPIN, a miller at Soulanges, who enjoyed an income of fifty +thousand francs; the Nucingen of his town; was father of a daughter +whose hand was sought by Lupin, the notary, and by President Gendrin +for their respective sons. [The Peasantry.] + +SARRASINE (Matthieu or Mathieu), a laborer in the neighborhood of +Saint-Die, father of a rich lawyer of Franche-Comte, and grandfather +of the sculptor, Ernest-Jean Sarrasine. [Sarrasine.] + +SARRASINE, a rich lawyer of Franche-Comte in the eighteenth century, +father of the sculptor, Ernest-Jean Sarrasine. [Sarrasine.] + +SARRASINE (Ernest-Jean), a famous French sculptor, son of the +preceding and grandson of Matthieu Sarrasine. When quite young he +showed a calling for art strong enough to combat the will of his +father, who wished him to adopt the legal profession; he went to +Paris, entered Bouchardon's studio, found a friend and protector in +this master; became acquainted with Madame Geoffrin, Sophie Arnould, +the Baron d'Holbach, and J.-J. Rousseau. Having become the lover of +Clotilde, the famous singer at the Opera, Sarrasine won the sculptor's +prize founded by Marigny, a brother of La Pompadour, and received +praise from Diderot. He then went to Rome to live (1758); became +intimate with Vien, Louthrebourg,[*] Allegrain, Vitagliani, Cicognara, +and Chigi. He then fell madly in love with the eunuch Zambinella, +uncle of the Lanty-Duvignons; believing him to be a woman, he made a +magnificent bust of the singular singer, who was kept by Cicognara, +and, having carried him off, was murdered at the instigation of his +rival in the same year, 1758. The story of Sarrasine's life was +related, during the Restoration, to Beatrix de Rochefide. [Sarrasine. +The Member for Arcis.] + +[*] Or Louthrebourg, and also Lauterbourg, intentionally left out in + the Repertory because of the various ways of spelling the name. + +SAUTELOUP, familiarly called "Father Sauteloup," had the task, in May, +1830, of reading to Theodore Calvi, who was condemned to death and a +prisoner in the Conciegerie, the denial of his petition for appeal. +[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +SAUVAGE (Madame), a person of repulsive appearance, and of doubtful +morality, the servant-mistress of Maitre Fraisier; on the death of +Pons, kept house for Schmucke, who inherited from Pons to the +prejudice of the Camusot de Marvilles. [Cousin Pons.] + +SAUVAGE, first deputy of the king's attorney at Alencon; a young +magistrate, married, harsh, stiff, ambitious, and selfish; took sides +against Victurnien d'Esgrignon in the notorious affair known as the +D'Esgrignon-Du-Bousquier case; after the famous lawsuit he was sent to +Corsica. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +SAUVAGNEST, successor of the attorney Bordin, and predecessor of +Maitre Desroches; was an attorney in Paris. [A Start in Life.] + +SAUVAIGNOU (of Marseilles), a head carpenter, had a hand in the sale +of the house on the Place de la Madeleine which was bought in 1840, by +the Thuilliers at the urgent instance of Cerizet, Claparon, Dutocq, +and especially Theodose de la Peyrade. [The Middle Classes.] + +SAUVIAT (Jerome-Baptiste), born in Auvergne, about 1747; a traveling +tradesman from 1792 to 1796; of commercial tastes, rough, energetic, +and avaricious; of a profoundly religious nature; was imprisoned +during the Terror; barely escaped being beheaded for abetting the +escape of a bishop; married Mademoiselle Champagnac at Limoges in +1797; had by her a daughter, Veronique (Madame Pierre Graslin); after +the death of his father-in-law, he bought, in the same town, the house +which he was occupying as tenant and where he sold old iron; he +continued his business there; retired from business in wealth, but +still, at a later period, went as superintendent into a porcelain +factory with J.-F. Tascheron; gave his attention to that work for at +least three years, and died then through an accident in 1827. [The +Country Parson.] + +SAUVIAT (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Champagnac, about 1767; +daughter of a coppersmith of Limoges, who became a widower in 1797, +and from whom she afterwards inherited. Madame Sauviat lived, in turn, +near the rue de la Vieille-Poste, a suburb of Limoges, and at +Montegnac. Like Sauviat, she was industrious, rough, grasping, +economical, and hard, but pious withal; and like him, too, she adored +Veronique, whose terrible secret she knew,--a sort of Marcellange +affair.[*] [The Country Parson.] + +[*] A famous criminal case of the time. + +SAVARON DE SAVARUS, a noble and wealthy family, whose various members +known in the eighteenth century were as follows: Savaron de Savarus +(of Tournai), a Fleming, true to Flemish traditions, with whom the +Claes and the Pierquins seem to have had transactions. [The Quest of +the Absolute.] Mademoiselle Savarus, a native of Brabant, a wealthy +unmarried heiress; Savarus (Albert), a French attorney, descended, but +not lineally, from the Comte de Savarus. [Albert Savarus.] + +SAVARUS (Albert Savaron de), of the family of the preceding list, but +natural son of the Comte de Savarus, was born about 1798; was +secretary to a minister of Charles X., and was also Master of +Requests. The Revolution of 1830 fatally interrupted a very promising +career; a deep love, which was reciprocated, for the Duchesse +d'Argaiolo (afterwards Madame Alphonse de Rhetore), restored to +Savarus his energetic and enterprising spirit; he succeeded in being +admitted to the bar of Besancon, built up a good practice, succeeded +brilliantly, founded the "Revue de l'Est," in which he published an +autobiographic novel, "L'Ambitieux par Amour," and met with warm +support in his candidacy for the Chamber of Deputies (1834). Albert +Savarus, with his mask of a deep thinker, might have seen all his +dreams realized, but for the romantic and jealous fancies of Rosalie +de Watteville, who discovered and undid the advocate's plans, by +bringing about the second marriage of Madame d'Argaiolo. His hopes +thus baffled, Albert Savarus became a friar of the parent institution +of the Carthusians, which was situated near Grenoble, and was known as +Brother Albert. [The Quest of the Absolute. Albert Savarus.] + +SCHERBELLOFF, Scherbelloff, or Sherbelloff (Princesse), maternal +grandmother of Madame de Montcornet. [The Peasantry. Jealousies of a +Country Town.] + +SCHILTZ married a Barnheim (of Baden), and had by her a daughter, +Josephine, afterwards Madame Fabien du Ronceret; was an "intrepid +officer, a chief among those bold Alsatian partisans who almost saved +the Emperor in the campaign of France." He died at Metz, despoiled and +ruined. [Beatrix.] + +SCHILTZ (Josephine), otherwise known as Madame Schontz. (See Ronceret, +Madame Fabien du.) + +SCHINNER (Mademoiselle), mother of Hippolyte Schinner, the painter, +and daughter of an Alsatian farmer; being seduced by a coarse but +wealthy man, she refused the money offered as compensation for +refusing to legitimize their liaison, and consoled herself in the joys +of maternity, the duties whereof she fulfilled with the most perfect +devotion. At the time of her son's marriage she was living in Paris, +and shared with him an apartment situated near the artist's studio, +and not far from the Madeleine, on the rue des Champs-Elysees. [The +Purse.] + +SCHINNER (Hippolyte), a painter, natural son of the preceding; of +Alsatian origin, and recognized by his mother only; a pupil of Gros, +in whose studio he formed a close intimacy with Joseph Bridau. [A +Bachelor's Establishment.] He was married during the reign of Louis +XVIII.; he was at that time a knight of the Legion of Honor, and was +already a celebrated character. While working in Paris, near the +Madeleine, in a house belonging to Molineux, he met the other +occupants, Madame and Mademoiselle Leseigneur de Rouville, and seems +to have imitated with respect to them the delicate conduct of their +benefactor and friend, Kergarouet; was touched by the cordiality +extended to him by the baroness in spite of his poverty; he loved +Adelaide de Rouville, and the passion being reciprocated, he married +her. [The Purse.] Being associated with Pierre Grassou, he gave him +excellent advice, which this indifferent artist was scarceley able to +profit by. [Pierre Grassou.] In 1822, the Comte de Serizy employed +Schinner to decorate the chateau of Presles; Joseph Bridau, who was +trying his hand, completed the master's work, and even, in a passing +fit of levity, appropriated his name. [A Start in Life.] Schinner was +mentioned in the autobiographical novel of Albert Savarus, +"L'Ambitieux par Amour." [Albert Savarus.] He was the friend of Xavier +Rabourdin. [The Government Clerks.] He drew vignettes for the works of +Canalis. [Modeste Mignon.] To him we owe the remarkable ceilings of +Adam Laginski's house situated on the rue de la Pepiniere. [The +Imaginary Mistress.] About 1845, Hippolyte Schinner lived not far from +the rue de Berlin, near Leon de Lora, to whom he had been first +instructor. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +SCHINNER (Madame), wife of Hippolyte Schinner, born Adelaide +Leseigneur de Rouville, daughter of the Baron and Baronne de Rouville, +her father being a naval officer; lived during the Restoration in +Paris with her mother, boarding at a house situated on the rue de +Surene and belonging to Molineux. Bereft of her father, the future +Madame Schinner would then have found it difficult to await the slow +adjustment of her father's pension, had not their old friend, Admiral +de Kergarouet, come in his unobtrusive way to the assistance of +herself and her mother. About the same time she nursed their neighbor, +Hippolyte Schinner, who was suffering from the effects of a fall, and +conceived for him a love that was returned; the gift of a little +embroidered purse on the part of the young woman brought about the +marriage. [The Purse.] + +SCHMUCKE (Wilhelm), a German Catholic, and a man of great musical +talent; open-hearted, absent-minded, kind, sincere, of simple manners, +of gentle and upright bearing. Originally he was precentor to the +Margrave of Anspach; he had known Hoffman, the eccentric writer of +Berlin, in whose memory he afterwards had a cat named Murr. Schmucke +then went to Paris; in 1835-36, he lived there in a small apartment on +the Quai Conti, at the corner of the rue de Nevers.[*] Previous to +this, in the Quartier du Marais, he gave lessons in harmony, that were +much appreciated, to the daughters of the Granvilles, afterwards +Mesdames de Vandenesse and du Tillet; at a later period the former +lady asked him to endorse some notes of hand for Raoul Nathan's +benefit. [A Daughter of Eve.] Schmucke was also instructor of Lydie +Peyrade before her marriage with Theodose de la Peyrade. [Scenes from +a Courtesan's Life]; but those whom he regarded as his favorite pupils +were Mesdames de Vandenesse and du Tillet, and the future Vicomtesse +de Portenduere, Mademoiselle Mirouet of Nemours, the three "Saint- +Cecilias" who combined to pay him an annuity. [Ursule Mirouet.] The +former precentor, now of ugly and aged appearance, readily obtained a +welcome with the principals of boarding-schools for young ladies. At a +distribution of prizes he was brought in contact with Sylvain Pons for +whom he immediately felt an affection that proved to be mutual (1834). +Their intimacy brought them under the same roof, rue de Normandie, as +tenants of C.-J. Pillerault (1836). Schmucke lived for nine years in +perfect happiness. Gaudissart, having become manager of a theatre, +employed him in his orchestra, entrusted him with the work of making +copies of the music, and employed him to play the piano and various +instruments that were not used in the boulevard theatres: the viol +d'amore, English horn, violoncello, harp, castanets, bells, saxhorns, +etc. Pons made him his residuary legatee (April, 1845); but the +innocent German was not strong enough to contend with Maitre Fraisier, +agent of the Camusot de Marvilles, who were ignored in this will. In +spite of Topinard, to whom, in despair at the death of his friend, he +went to demand hospitality, in the Bordin district, Schmucke allowed +himself to be swindled, and was soon carried off by apoplexy. [Cousin +Pons.] + +[*] Perhaps the former lodging place of Napoleon Bonaparte. + +SCHONTZ (Madame), name borne by Mademoiselle Schiltz, afterwards +Madame Fabien du Ronceret. (See this last name.) + +SCHWAB (Wilhelm), born at Strasbourg in the early part of the +nineteenth century, of the German family of Kehl, had Frederic (Fritz) +Brunner as his friend, whose follies he shared, whose poverty he +relieved, and with whom he went to Paris; there they went to the Hotel +du Rhin, rue du Mail, kept by Johann Graff, father of Emilie, and +brother of the famous tailor, Wolfgang Graff. Schwab kept books for +this rival of Humann and Staub. Several years later he played the +flute at the theatre at which Sylvain Pons directed the orchestra. +During an intermission at the first brilliant performance of "La +Fiancee du Diable," presented in the fall of 1844, Schwab invited Pons +through Schmucke to his approaching wedding; he married Mademoiselle +Emilie Graff--a love-match--and joined in business with Frederic +Brunner, who was a banker and enriched by the inheritance of his +father's property. [Cousin Pons.] + +SCHWAB (Madame Wilhelm), wife of the preceding; born Mademoiselle +Emilie Graff; an accomplished beauty, niece of Wolfgang Graff, the +wealthy tailor, who provided her with dowry. [Cousin Pons.] + +SCIO (Madame), a prominent singer of the Theatre Feydeau in 1798, was +very beautiful in "Les Peruviens," a comic opera by Mongenod, produced +with very indifferent success. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +SCOEVOLA (Mucius). Under this assumed name was concealed, during the +Terror, a man who had been huntsman to the Prince de Conti, to whom he +owed his fortune. A plasterer, and proprietor of a small house in +Paris, on about the highest point of the Faubourg Saint-Martin,[*] +near the rue d'Allemagne, he affected an exaggerated civism, which +masked an unfailing fidelity to the Bourbons, and he in some +mysterious way afforded protection to Sisters Marthe and Agathe +(Mesdemoiselles de Beauseant and de Langeais), nuns who had escaped +from the Abbey of Chelles, and were, with Abbe de Marolles, taking +refuge under his roof. [An Episode under the Terror.] + +[*] His parish was the Saint-Laurent church, which for a while during + the Revolution had the name of Temple of Fidelity. + +SECHARD (Jerome-Nicolas), born in 1743. After having been a workman in +a printer's shop of Angouleme situated on the Place du Murier, though +very illiterate, he became its owner at the beginning of the +Revolution; was acquainted at that time with the Marquis de Maucombe, +married a woman that was provided with a certain competency, but soon +lost her, after having by her a son, David. In the reign of Louis +XVIII., fearing the competition of Cointet, J.-N. Sechard retired from +active life, selling his business to his son, whom he intentionally +deceived in the trade, and moved to Marsac, near Angouleme, where he +raised grapes, and drank to excess. During all the latter part of his +life, Sechard mercilessly aggravated the commercial difficulties which +his son David was struggling against. The old miser died about 1829, +leaving property of some value. [Lost Illusions.] + +SECHARD (David), only son of the preceding, school-mate and friend of +Lucien de Rubempre, learned the art of printing from the Didots of +Paris. On one occasion, upon his return to his native soil, he gave +many evidences of his kindness and delicacy; having purchased his +father's printing shop, he allowed himself to be deliberately cheated +and duped by him; employed as proof-reader Lucien de Rubempre, whose +sister, Eve Chardon, he adored with a passion that was fully +reciprocated; he married her in spite of the poverty of both parties, +for his business was on the decline. The expense involved, the +competition of the Cointets, and especially his experiments as +inventor in the hope of finding the secret of a particular way of +making paper, reduced him to very straitened circumstances. Indeed, +everything combined to destroy Sechard; the cunning and power of the +Cointet house, the spying of the ungrateful Cerizet, formerly his +apprentice, the disorderly life of Lucien de Rubempre, and the jealous +greed of his father. A victim of the wiles of Cointet, Sechard +abandoned his discovery, resigned himself to his fate, inherited from +his father, and cheered by the devotion of the Kolbs, dwelt in Marsac, +where Derville, led by Corentin, hunted him out with a view to gaining +information as to the origin of Lucien de Rubempre's million. [Lost +Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a +Courtesan's Life.] + +SECHARD (Madame David), wife of the preceding, born Eve Chardon in +1804, daughter of a druggist of L'Houmeau (a suburb of Angouleme), and +a member of the house of Rubempre; worked first at the house of Madame +Prieur, a laundress, for the consideration of fifteen sous a day; +manifested great devotion to her brother Lucien, and on marrying David +Sechard, in 1821, transferred her devotion to him; having undertaken +to manage the printing shop, she competed with Cerizet, Cointet, and +Petit-Claud, and almost succeeded in softening Jerome-Nicolas Sechard. +Madame Sechard shared with her husband the inheritance of old J.-N. +Sechard, and was then the modest chatelaine of La Verberie, at Marsac. +By her husband she had at least one child, named Lucien. Madame +Sechard was tall and of dark complexion, with blue eyes. [Lost +Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a +Courtesan's Life.] + +SECHARD (Lucien), son of the preceding couple. [Lost Illusions.] + +SEGAUD, solicitor at Angouleme, was successor to Petit-Claud, a +magistrate about 1824. [Lost Illusions.] + +SELERIER, called the Auvergnat, Pere Ralleau, Le Rouleur, and +especially Fil-de Soie, belonged to the aristocracy of the galleys, +and was a member of the group of "Ten Thousand," whose chief was +Jacques Collin; the latter, however, suspected him of having sold him +to the police, about 1819, when Bibi-Lupin arrested him at the Vauquer +boarding-house. [Father Goriot.] In his business Selerier always +avoided bloodshed. He was of philosophical turn, very selfish, +incapable of love, and ignorant of the meaning of friendship. In May, +1830, when being a prisoner at the Conciergerie, and about to be +condemned to fifteen years of forced labor, he saw and recognized +Jacques Collin, the pseudo-Carlos Herrera, himself incriminated. +[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +SENONCHES (Jacques de), a noble of Angouleme, a great huntsman, stiff +and haughty, a sort of wild boar; lived on very good terms with his +wife's lover, Francois du Hautoy, and attended Madame de Bargeton's +receptions. [Lost Illusions.] + +SENONCHES (Madame Jacques de), wife of the preceding, bore the given +name of Zephirine, which was abbreviated to Zizine. By Francois du +Hautoy, her adored lover, she had a daughter, Francoise de la Haye, +who was presented as her ward, and who became Madame Petit-Claud. +[Lost Illusions.] + +SEPHERD (Carl), name assumed by Charles Grandet in the Indies, the +United States, Africa, etc., while he was in the slave-trading +business. [Eugenie Grandet.] + +SERIZY, or Serisy (Comte Hugret de), born in 1765, descended in direct +line from the famous President Hugret, ennobled under Francois I. The +motto of this family was "I, semper melius eris," so that the final +/s/ of /melius/, the word /eris/, and the /I/ of the beginning, +represented the name (Serizy) of the estate that had been made a +county. A son of a first president of Parliament (who died in 1794), +Serizy was himself, as early as 1787, a member of the Grand Council; +he did not emigrate during the Revolution, but remained in his estate +of Serizy, near Arpajon; became a member of the Council of Five +Hundred, and afterwards of the Council of State. The Empire made him a +count and a senator. Hugret de Serizy was married, in 1806, to +Leontine de Ronquerolles, the widow of General Gaubert. This union +made him the brother-in-law of the Marquis de Ronquerolles, and the +Marquis du Rouvre. Every honor was alloted to him in course; +chamberlain under the Empire, he afterwards became vice-president of +the Council of State, peer of France, Grand Cross of the Legion of +Honor, and member of the Privy Council. The glorious career of Serizy, +who was an unusually industrious person, did not offer compensation +for his domestic misfortunes. Hard work and protracted vigils soon +aged the high functionary, who was ever unable to win his wife's +heart; but he loved her and sheltered her none the less constantly. It +was chiefly to avenge her for the indiscretion of the volatile young +Oscar Husson, Moreau's godson, that he discharged the not overhonest +steward of Presles. [A Start in Life.] The system of government that +succeeded the Empire increased Serizy's influence and renown; he was +an intimate friend of the Bauvans and the Grandvilles. [A Bachelor's +Establishment. Honorine. Modeste Mignon.] His weakness in matters +concerning his wife was such that he assisted her in person, when, in +May, 1830, she hastened to the Conciergerie in the hope of saving her +lover, Lucien de Rubempre, and entered the cell where the young man +had just committed suicide. Serizy even consented to be executor of +the poet's will. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +SERIZY (Comtesse de), wife of the preceding, born Leontine de +Ronquerolles about 1784, sister of the Marquis du Ronquerolles; +married, as her first husband, General Gaubert, one of the most +illustrious soldiers of the Republic; married a second time, when +quite young, but could never entertain any feeling stronger than +respect for M. de Serizy, her second husband, by whom, however, she +had a son, an officer, who was killed during the reign of Louis +Philippe. [A Start in Life.] Worldly and brilliant, and a worthy rival +of Mesdames de Beauseant, de Langeais, de Maufrigneuse, de Carigliano, +and d'Espard, Leontine de Serizy had several lovers, among them being +Auguste de Maulincour, Victor d'Aiglemont and Lucien de Rubempre. [The +Thirteen. Ursule Mirouet. A Woman of Thirty.] This last liaison was a +very stormy one. Lucien acquired considerable influence over Madame de +Serizy, and made use of it to reach the Marquise d'Espard, by +effecting an annulment of the decree which she had obtained against +her husband, the Marquis d'Espard, placing him under guardianship. And +so it was that, during Rubempre's imprisonment and after his suicide, +she suffered the bitterest anguish. Leontine de Serizy almost broke +the bars of the Conciergerie, insulted Camusot, the examining +magistrate, and seemed to be beside herself. The intervention of +Jacques Collin saved her and cured her, when three famous physicians, +Messieurs Bianchon, Desplein, and Sinard declared themselves powerless +to relieve her. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] During the winter +the Comtesse de Serizy lived on the Chaussee-d'Antin; during the +summer at Serizy, her favorite residence, or still more at Presles, +and sometimes near Nemours in Le Rouvre, the seat of the family of +that name. Being a neighbor, in Paris, of Felicite des Touches, she +was a frequent visitor of that emulator of George Sand, and was at her +house when Marsay related the story of his first love-affair, taking +part herself in the conversation. [Another Study of Woman.] Being a +maternal aunt of Clementine du Rouvre, Madame de Serizy gave her a +handsome dowry when she married Laginski; with her brother +Ronquerolles, at his home on the rue de la Pepiniere, she met Thaddee +Paz, the Pole's comrade. [The Imaginary Mistress.] + +SERIZY (Vicomte de), only son of the preceding couple, graduated from +the Ecole Polytechnique in 1825, and entered the cavalry regiment of +the Garde Royale, by favor, as sub-lieutenant, under command of the +Duc de Maufrigneuse; at this time Oscar Husson, nephew of Cardot, +entered the same regiment as a private. [A Start in Life.] In October, +1829, Serizy, being an officer in the company of the guards stationed +at Havre, was instructed to inform M. de Verneuil, proprietor of some +well-stocked Norman "preserves," that Madame could not participate in +the chase that he had organized. Having become enamored of Diane de +Maufrigneuse, the viscount found her at Verneuil's house; she received +his attentions, as a means of avenging herself on Leontine de Serizy, +then mistress of Lucien de Rubempre. [Modeste Mignon.] Being advanced +to the rank of lieutenant-colonel of a cavalry regiment, he was +severely wounded at the disastrous battle of Macta, in Africa (June +26, 1835), and died at Toulon as a result of his wounds. [The +Imaginary Mistress. A Start in Life.] + +SERVAIS, the only good gilder in Paris, according to Elie Magus, whose +advice he heeded; he had the good sense to use English gold, which is +far better than the French. Like the book-binder, Thouvenin, he was in +love with his own work. [Cousin Pons.] + +SERVIEN (Prudence), born, in 1806, at Valenciennes, daughter of very +poor weavers, was employed, from the age of seven years, in a +spinning-mill; corrupted early by her life in the work-room, she was a +mother at the age of thirteen; having had to testify in the Court of +Assizes against Jean-Francois Durut, she made of him a formidable +enemy, and fell into the power of Jacques Collin, who promised to +shelter her from the resentment of the convict. She was at one time a +ballet-girl, and afterwards served as Esther van Gobseck's chamber- +maid, under the names of Eugenie and Europe; was the mistress of +Paccard, whom she very probably married afterwards; aided Vautrin in +fooling Nucingen and getting money from him. [Scenes from a +Courtesan's Life.] + +SERVIN, born about 1775, a distinguished painter, made a love-match +with the daughter of a penniless general; in 1815 was manager of a +studio in Paris, which was frequented by Mademoiselle Laure, and +Mesdemoiselles Mathilde-Melanie Roguin, Amelie Thirion and Ginevra di +Piombo, the last three of whom were afterwards, respectively, Mesdames +Tiphaine, Camusot de Marville, and Porta. Servin at that time was +concealing an exile who was sought by the police, namely Luigi Porta, +who married the master's favorite pupil, Mademoiselle Ginevra di +Piombo. [The Vendetta.] + +SERVIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, remembering that the romance +of Porta and Ginevra's love had been the cause of all his pupils' +leaving her husband's studio, refused to shelter Mademoiselle de +Piombo when driven from her father's home. [The Vendetta.] + +SEVERAC (De), born in 1764, a country gentleman, mayor of a village in +the canton of Angouleme, and the author of an article on silkworms, +was received at Madame de Bargeton's in 1821. A widower, without +children, and doubtless very rich, but not knowing the ways of the +world, one evening on the rue du Minage, he found as ready listeners +only the poor but aristocratic Madame du Brossard and her daughter +Camille, a young woman of twenty-seven years. [Lost Illusions.] + +SIBILET, clerk of the court at Ville-aux-Fayes (Bourgogne), distant +cousin of Francois Gaubertin, married a Mademoiselle Gaubertin-Vallat, +and had by that marriage six children. [The Peasantry.] + +SIBILET (Adolphe), eldest of the six children of the preceding, born +about 1793; was, at first, clerk to a notary, then an unimportant +employe in the land-registry office; and then, in the latter part of +the year 1817, succeeded his cousin, Francois Gaubertin, in the +administration of Aigues, General de Montcornet's estate, in +Bourgogne. Sibilet had married Mademoiselle Adeline Sarcus (of the +poor branch), who bore him two children in three years; his selfish +interest and his personal obligations led him to gratify the ill- +feeling of his predecessor, by being disloyal to Montcornet. [The +Peasantry.] + +SIBILET (Madame Adolphe), wife of the preceding, born Adeline Sarcus, +only daughter of a justice of the peace, rich with beauty as her sole +fortune, she was reared by her mother, in the little village of +Soulanges (Bourgogne), with all possible care. Not having been able to +marry Amaury Lupin (son of Lupin the notary), with whom she was in +love, in despair she allowed herself, three years after her mother's +death, to be married, by her father, to the disagreeable and repulsive +Adolphe Sibilet. [The Peasantry.] + +SIBILET, son of the court clerk, and police commissioner at Ville-aux +Fayes. [The Peasantry.] + +SIBILET (Mademoiselle), daughter of the court clerk, afterwards Madame +Herve. [The Peasantry.] + +SIBILET, son of the court clerk, first clerk of Maitre Corbinet, +notary at Ville-aux-Fayes, to whom he was the appointed successor. +[The Peasantry.] + +SIBILET, son of the court clerk, and clerk in the Department of Public +Lands, presumptive successor of the registrar of documents at Ville- +aux-Fayes. [The Peasantry.] + +SIBILET (Mademoiselle), daughter of the court clerk, born about 1807, +postmistress at Ville-aux Fayes; betrothed to Captain Corbinet, +brother of the notary. [The Peasantry.] + +SIBUELLE, a wealthy contractor of somewhat tarnished reputation during +the Directory and the Consulate, gave his daughter in marriage to +Malin de Gondreville, and through the credit of his son-in-law became, +with Marion, co-receiver-general of the department of Aube. [The +Gondreville Mystery.] + +SIBUELLE (Mademoiselle), only daughter of the preceding, became Madame +Malin de Gondreville. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +SEYES (Emmanuel-Joseph), born in 1748 at Frejus, died in Paris in +1836, was successively vicar-general of Chartres, deputy to the +States-General and the Convention, member of the Committee of Public +Safety, member of the Five Hundred, member of the Directory, consul, +and senator; famous also as a publicist. In June, 1800, he might have +been found in the Office of Foreign Relations, in the rue du Bac, +where he took part with Talleyrand and Fouche, in a secret council, in +which the subject of overthrowing Bonaparte, then First Consul, was +discussed. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +SIGNOL (Henriette), a beautiful girl; of a good family of farmers, in +the employ of Basine Clerget, a laundress at Angouleme; was the +mistress of Cerizet, whom she loved and trusted; served as a tool +against David Sechard, the printer. [Lost Illusions.] + +SIMEUSE (Admiral de), father of Jean de Simeuse, was one of the most +eminent French seamen of the eighteenth century. [Beatrix. The +Gondreville Mystery. Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +SIMEUSE (Marquis Jean de), whose name, "Cy meurs" or "Si meurs," was +the motto of the family crest, was descended from a noble family of +Bourgogne, who were formerly owners of a Lorrain fief called Ximeuse, +corrupted to Simeuse. M. de Simeuse counted a number of illustrious +men among his ancestors; he married Berthe de Cinq-Cygne; he was +father of twins, Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul. He was guillotined at +Troyes during the Terror; Michu's father-in-law presided over the +Revolutionary tribunal that passed the death-sentence. [The +Gondreville Mystery.] + +SIMEUSE (Marquise de), wife of the preceding, born Berthe de Cinq- +Cygne, was executed at Troyes at the same time with her husband. [The +Gondreville Mystery.] + +SIMEUSE (Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul), twin sons of the preceding +couple, born in 1773; grandsons on the father's side of the admiral +who was as famous for his dissipation as for his valor; descended from +the original owners of the famous Gondreville estate in Aube, and +belonged to the noble Champagne family of the Chargeboeufs, the +younger branch of which was represented by their mother, Berthe de +Cinq-Cygne. Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul were among the emigrants; they +returned to France about 1803. Both being in love with their cousin, +Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, an ardent Royalist, they cast lots to decide +which should be her husband; fate favored Marie-Paul, the younger, but +circumstances prevented the consummation of the marriage. The twins +differed only in disposition, and there in only one point: Paul-Marie +was melancholy, while Marie-Paul was of a bright disposition. Despite +the advice of their elderly relative, M. de Chargeboeuf, Messieurs de +Simeuse compromised themselves with the Hauteserres; being watched by +Fouche, who sent Peyrade and Corentin to keep an eye on them, they +were accused of the abduction of Malin, of which they were not guilty, +and sentenced to twenty-four years of penal servitude; were pardoned +by Napoleon, entered as sub-lieutenants the same cavalry regiment, and +were killed together in the battle of Sommo-Sierra (near Madrid, +November 30, 1808). [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +SIMONIN let carriages on the rue du Faubourg Saint-Honore, Cour des +Coches, Paris; about 1840, he let a berlin to Madame de Godollo, who, +in accordance with the instructions of Corentin, the police-agent, was +pretending to be taking a journey, but went no further than the Bois +de Boulogne. [The Middle Classes.] + +SIMONNIN, in the reign of Louis XVIII., was "errand-boy" to Maitre +Derville on the rue Vivienne, Paris, when that advocate received +Hyacinthe Chabert. [Colonel Chabert]. + +SINARD, a Paris physician, was called, in May, 1830, together with +Messieurs Desplein and Bianchon, to the bedside of Leontine de Serizy, +who had lost her reason after the tragic end of her lover, Lucien de +Rubempre. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +SINET (Seraphine), a celebrated lorette, born in 1820, known by the +sobriquet of Carabine, was present at Josepha Mirah's house-warming on +the rue de la Ville-l'Eveque, in 1838. Five years later, being then +mistress of the wealthy F. du Tillet, Mademoiselle Sinet supplanted +the vivacious Marguerite Turquet as queen of the lorettes. [Cousin +Betty.] A woman of splendid appearance, Seraphine was one of the +marching chorus at the Opera, and occupied the fine apartment on the +rue Saint-Georges, where before her Suzanne du Val-Noble, Esther van +Gobseck, Florine, and Madame Schontz had reigned. Of ready wit, +dashing manners, and impish brazenness, Carabine held many successful +receptions. Every day her table was set in magnificent style for ten +guests. Artists, men of letters, and society favorites were among her +frequent visitors. S.-P. Gazonal was taken to see her, in 1845, by +Leon de Lora and Bixiou, together with Jenny Cadine of the Theatre du +Gymnase; and there he met Massol, Claude Vignon, Maxime de Trailles, +Nucingen, F. du Bruel, Malaga, Monsieur and Madame Gaillard, and +Vauvinet, with a multitude of others, to say nothing of F. du Tillet. +[The Unconscious Humorists.] + +SINOT, attorney at Arcis-sur-Aube, commanded the patronage of the +"Henriquinquistes" (partisans of Henri V.) in 1839, when the district +had to elect a deputy to replace M. Francois Keller. [The Member for +Arcis.] + +SOCQUARD, during the Empire and the Restoration, kept the Cafe de la +Paix at Soulanges (Bourgogne). The Milo of Crotona of the Avonne +Valley, a stout little man, of placid countenance, and a high, clear +voice. He was manager of the Tivoli, a dancing-hall adjoining the +cafe. Monsieur Vermichel, violin, and Monsieur Fourchon, clarinet, +constituted the orchestra. Plissoud, Bonnebault, Viallet, and Amaury +Lupin were steady patrons of his establishment, which was long famous +for its billiards, its punch, and its mulled wine. In 1823, Socquard +lost his wife. [The Peasantry.] + +SOCQUARD (Madame Junie), wife of the preceding, had many thrilling +love-affairs during the Empire. She was very beautiful, and her +luxurious mode of living, to which the leading men of Soulanges +contributed, was notorious in the Avonne valley. Lupin, the notary, +had been guilty of great weakness in her direction, and Gaubertin, who +took her away from him, unquestionably had by her a natural son, +little Bournier. Junie was the secret of the prosperity of the +Socquard house. She brought her husband a vineyard, the house he lived +in, and the Tivoli. She died in the reign of Louis XVIII. [The +Peasantry.] + +SOCQUARD (Aglae), daughter of the preceding couple, born in 1801, +inherited her father's ridiculous obesity. Being sought in marriage by +Bonnebault, whom her father esteemed highly as a customer, but little +as a son-in-law, she excited the jealousy of Marie Tonsard, and was +always at daggers drawn with her. [The Peasantry.] + +SODERINI (Prince), father of Madame d'Argaiolo, who was afterwards the +Duchesse Alphonse de Rhetore; at Besancon, in 1834, he demanded of +Albert Savarus his daughter's letters and portrait. His sudden arrival +caused a hasty departure on the part of Savarus, then a candidate for +election to the Chamber of Deputies, and ignorant of Madame +d'Argaiolo's approaching second marriage. [Albert Savarus.] + +SOLIS (Abbe de), born about 1733, a Dominican, grand penitentiary of +Toledo, vicar-general of the Archbishopric of Malines; a venerable +priest, unassuming, kindly and large of person. He adopted Emmanuel de +Solis, his brother's son, and, retiring to Douai, under the acceptable +protection of the Casa-Reals, was confessor and adviser of their last +descendant, Madame Balthazar Claes. The Abbe de Solis died in +December, 1818. [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +SOLIS (Emmanuel), nephew and adopted son of the preceding. Poor, and +of a family originally from Granada, he responded well to the +excellent education that he received, followed the teacher's calling, +taught the humanities at the lyceum at Douai, of which he was +afterwards principal, and gave lessons to the brothers of Marguerite +Claes, whom he loved, the feeling being reciprocated. He married her +in 1825; the more fully to enjoy his good fortune, he resigned the +position as inspector of the University, which he then held. Shortly +afterwards he inherited the title of Comte de Nourho, through the +house of Solis. [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +SOLIS (Madame Emmanuel de), wife of the preceding, born Marguerite +Claes, in 1796, elder sister of Madame Felicie Pierquin, whose husband +had first sought her hand, received from her dying mother the +injunction to contend respectfully, but firmly, against her father's +foolish efforts as inventor; and, in compliance with her mother's +injunctions, by dint of great perseverance, succeeded in restoring the +family fortunes that had been more than endangered. Madame de Solis +gave birth to a child, in the course of a trip to Spain, where she was +visiting Casa-Real, the cradle of her mother's family. [The Quest of +the Absolute.] + +SOLONET, born in 1795, obtained the decoration of the Legion of Honor +for having made very active contribution to the second return of the +Bourbons; was the youthful and worldly notary of Bordeaux; in the +drawing up of the marriage contract between Natalie Evangelista and +Paul de Manerville, he triumphed over the objections raised by his +colleague, Mathias, who was defender of the Manerville interests. +Solonet paid the most devoted attentions of a lover to Madame +Evangelista, but his love was not returned, and he sought her hand in +vain. [A Marriage Settlement.] + +SOLVET, a handsome youth, but addicted to gaming and other vices, +loved by Caroline Crochard de Bellefeuille and preferred by her to +Monsieur de Granville, her generous protector. Solvet made +Mademoiselle Crochard very unhappy, ruined her, but was none the less +adored by her. These facts were known to Bianchon, and related by him +to the Comte de Granville, whom he met, one evening, in the reign of +Louis Philippe, near rue Gaillon. [A Second Home.] + +SOMMERVIEUX (Theodore de), a painter, winner of the prix de Rome, +knight of the Legion of Honor, was particularly successful in +interiors; and excelled in chiaro-oscuro effects, in imitation of the +Dutch. He made an excellent reproduction of the interior of the Cat +and Racket, on the rue Saint-Denis, which he exhibited at the Salon at +the same time with a fascinating portrait of his future wife, +Mademoiselle Guillaume, with whom he fell madly in love, and whom he +married in 1808, almost in spite of her parents, and thanks to the +kind offices of Madame Roguin, whom he knew in his society life. The +marriage was not a happy one; the daughter of the Guillaumes adored +Sommervieux without understanding him. The painter often neglected his +rooms on the rue des Trois-Freres (now a part of the rue Taitbout) and +transferred his homage to the Marechale de Carigliano. He had an +income of twelve thousand francs; before the Revolution his father was +called the Chevalier de Sommervieux. [At the Sign of the Cat and +Racket.] Theodore de Sommervieux designed a monstrance for Gohier, the +king's goldsmith; this monstrance was bought by Madame Baudoyer and +given to the church of Saint-Paul, at the time of the death of F. de +la Billardiere, head clerk of the administration, whose position she +desired for her husband. [The Government Clerks.] Sommervieux also +drew vignettes for the works of Canalis. [Modeste Mignon.] + +SOMMERVIEUX (Madame Theodore de), wife of the preceding, born +Augustine Guillaume, about 1792, second daughter of the Guillaumes of +the Cat and Racket (a drapery establishment on the rue Saint-Denis, +Paris), had a sad life that was soon wrecked; for, with the exception +of Madame Roguin, her family never understood her aspirations to a +higher ideal, or the feeling that prompted her to choose Theodore de +Sommervieux. Mademoiselle Guillaume was married about the middle of +the Empire, at her parish church, Saint-Leu, on the same day that her +sister was married to Lebas, the clerk, and immediately after the +ceremony referred to. A little less coarse in her feelings than her +parents and their associates, but insignificant enough at best, +without being aware of it she displeased the painter, and chilled the +enthusiasm of her husband's studio friends, Schinner, Bridau, Bixiou, +and Lora. Grassou, who was very much of a countryman, was the only one +that refrained from laughing at her. Worn out at last, she tried to +win back the heart that had become the possession of Madame de +Carigliano; she even went to consult her rival, but could not use the +weapons supplied her by the coquettish wife of the marshal, and died +of a broken heart shortly after the famous ball given by Cesar +Birotteau, to which she was invited. She was buried in Montmartre +cemetery. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket. Cesar Birotteau.] + +SONET, marble-worker and contractor for tombstones, at Paris, during +the Restoraton and Louis Philippe's reign. When Pons died, the marble- +worker sent his agent to Schmucke to solicit an order for statues of +Art and Friendship grouped together. Sonet had the draughtsman Vitelot +as partner. The firm name was Sonet & Co. [Cousin Pons.] + +SONET (Madame), wife of the preceding, knew how to lavish attentions +no less zealous than selfish on W. Schmucke, when he returned, broken- +hearted, from Pere-Lachaise, in April, 1845, and suggested to him, +with some modifications however, to take certain allegorical monuments +which the families of Marsay and Keller had formerly refused, +preferring to apply to a genuine artist, the sculptor Stidmann. +[Cousin Pons.] + +SOPHIE, rival, namesake and contemporary of the famous Sophie, Doctor +Veron's "blue ribbon," about 1844, was cook to the Comte Popinot on +the rue Basse-du-Rempart, Paris. She must have been a remarkable +culinary artist, for Sylvain Pons, reduced, in consequence of breaking +with the Camusots, to dining at home, on the rue de Normandie, every +day, often exclaimed in fits of melancholy, "O Sophie!" [Cousin Pons.] + +SORBIER, a Parisian notary, to whom Chesnel (Choisnel) wrote, in 1822, +from Normandie, to commend to his care the rattle-brained Victurnien +d'Esgrignon. Unfortunately Sorbier was dead, and the letter was sent +to his widow. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +SORBIER (Madame), wife of the preceding, mentioned in Chesnel's (or +Choisnel's) letter of 1822, concerning Victurnien d'Esgrignon. She +scarcely read the note, and simply sent it to her deceased husband's +successor, Maitre Cardot. Thus the widow unwittingly served M. du +Bousquier (du Croisier), the enemy of the D'Esgrignons. [Jealousies of +a Country Town.] + +SORIA (Don Ferdinand, Duc de), younger brother of Don Felipe de +Macumer, overwhelmed with kindness by his elder brother, owing him the +duchy of Soria as well as the hand of Marie Heredia, both being +voluntarily renounced by the elder brother. Soria was not ungrateful; +he hastened to his dying brother's bedside in 1829. The latter's death +made Don Ferdinand Baron de Macumer. [Letters of Two Brides.] + +SORIA (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, born Marie Heredia, +daughter of the wealthy Comte Heredia, was loved by two brothers, Don +Ferdinand, Duc de Soria, and Don Felipe de Macumer. Though betrothed +to the latter, she married the former, in accordance with her wishes, +the Baron de Macumer having generously renounced her hand in favor of +Don Ferdinand. The duchess retained a feeling of deep gratitude to him +for his unselfishness, and at a later time bestowed every care on him +in his last illness (1829). [Letters of Two Brides.] + +SORMANO, the "shy" servant of the Argaiolos, at the time of their +exile in Switzerland, figures, as a woman, under the name of Gina, in +the autobiographical novel of Albert Savarus, entitled "L'Ambitieux +par l'Amour." [Albert Savarus.] + +SOUCHET, a broker at Paris, whose failure ruined Guillaume Grandet, +brother of the well-known cooper of Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] + +SOUCHET (Francois), winner of the prix de Rome for his sculpture, +about the beginning of Louis XVIII.'s reign; an intimate friend of +Hippolyte Schinner, who confided to him his love for Adelaide +Leseigneur de Rouville, and was rallied on it by him. [The Purse.] +About 1835, with Steinbock's assistance, Souchet carved the panels +over the doors and mantels of Laginski's magnificent house on the rue +de la Pepiniere, Paris. [The Imaginary Mistress.] He had given to +Florine (afterwards Madame Raoul Nathan) a plaster cast of a group +representing an angel holding an aspersorium, which adorned the +actress's sumptuous apartments in 1834. [A Daughter of Eve.] + +SOUDRY, born in 1773, a quartermaster, secured a valuable friend in M. +de Soulanges, then adjutant-general, by saving him at the peril of his +own life. Having become brigadier of gendarmes at Soulanges +(Bourgogne), Soudry, in 1815, married Mademoiselle Cochet, Sophie +Laguerre's former lady's-maid. Six years later, he was put on the +retired list, at the request of Montcornet, and replaced in his +brigade by Viallet; but, supported by the influence of Francois +Gaubertin, he was elected mayor of Soulanges, and became the +formidable enemy of the Montcornets. Like Gregoire Rigou, his son's +father-in-law, the old gendarme kept as his mistress, under the same +roof with his wife, his servant Jeannette, who was younger than Madame +Soudry. [The Peasantry.] + +SOUDRY (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Cochet in 1763. Lady's- +maid to Sophie Laguerre, Montcornet's predecessor at Aigues, she had +an understanding with Francois Gaubertin, the steward of the estate, +to make a victim of the former opera singer. Twenty days after the +burial of her mistress, La Cochet married the brigadier, Soudry, a +superb specimen of manhood, though pitted with small-pox. During the +reign of Louis XVIII., Madame Soudry, who tried awkwardly enough to +imitate her late mistress, Sophie Laguerre, reigned supreme in the +society of Soulanges, in her parlor which was the meeting ground of +Montcornet's enemies. [The Peasantry.] + +SOUDRY, natural son of Soudry, the brigadier of gendarmes; legitimized +at the time of his father's marriage to Mademoiselle Cochet, in 1815. +On the day on which Soudry became legally possessed of a mother, he +had just finished his course at Paris. There he knew Gaubertin's son, +during a stay which he had at first intended to make long enough to +entitle him to be registered as an advocate, and eventually to enter +the legal profession; but he returned to Bourgogne to take charge of +an attorney's practice for which his father paid thirty thousand +francs. However, abandoning pettifoggery, Soudry soon found himself +deputy king's attorney in a department of Bourgogne, and, in 1817, +king's attorney under Attorney-General Bourlac, whom he replaced in +1821, thanks to the influence of Francois Gaubertin. He then married +Mademoiselle Rigou. [The Peasantry.] + +SOUDRY (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Arsene Rigou, the only +daughter of wealthy parents, Gregoire Rigou and Arsene Pichard; +resembled her father in cunningness of character, and her mother in +beauty. [The Peasantry.] + +SOULANGES (Comte Leon de), born in 1777, was colonel of the artillery +guard in 1809. In the month of November of that year, he found himself +the guest of the Malin de Gondrevilles, in their mansion in Paris, on +the evening of a great party; he met there Montcornet, a friend of his +in the regiment; Madame de Vaudremont, who had once been his mistress, +accompanied by the Martial de la Roche-Hugon, her new lover; and +finally his deserted wife, Madame de Soulanges, who had abandoned +society, but who had come to the senator's house at the instigation of +Madame de Lansac, with a view to a reconciliation, which was +successfully carried out. [Domestic Peace.] Leon de Soulanges had +several children as a result of his marriage; a son and some +daughters; having refused one of his daughters in marriage to +Montcornet, on the ground that she was too young, he made an enemy of +that general. The count, remaining faithful to the Bourbons during the +Hundred Days, was made a peer of France and a general in the artillery +corps. Enjoying the favor of the Duc d'Angouleme, he was allowed a +command during the Spanish war (1823), gained prominence at the seige +of Cadiz and attained the highest degrees in the military hierarchy. +Monsieur de Soulanges, who was very rich, owned, in the territory of +the commune of Blangy (Bourgogne), a forest and a chateau adjoining +the Aigues estate, which had itself once belonged to the house of +Soulanges. At the time of the Crusades, an ancestor of the count had +created this domain. Soulanges's motto was: "Je soule agir." Like M. +de Ronquerolles he got on badly enough with his neighbor Montcornet +and seemed to favor Francois Gaubertin, Gregoire Rigou and Soudry, in +their opposition to the future marshal. [The Peasantry.] + +SOULANGES (Comtesse Hortense de), wife of the preceding, and niece of +the Duchesses de Lansac and de Marigny. In November, 1809, at a ball +given by Malin de Gondreville, acting on the advice of Madame de +Lansac, the countess, then on bad terms with her husband, conquered +her proud timidity, and demanded of Martial de la Roche-Hugon a ring +that she had received originally from her husband; M. de Soulanges had +afterwards passed it on to his mistress, Madame de Vaudremont, who had +given it to her lover, M. de la Roche-Hugon; this restitution effected +the reconciliation of the couple. [Domestic Peace.] Hortense de +Soulanges inherited from Madame de Marigny (who died about 1820) the +Guebriant estate, with its encumbrance of an annuity. [The Thirteen.] +Madame de Soulanges followed her husband to Spain at the time of the +war of 1823. [The Peasantry.] + +SOULANGES (Amelie de), youngest daughter of the preceding couple, +would have married the Comte Philippe de Brambourg, in 1828, but for +the condemning revelations made by Bixiou concerning Joseph Bridau's +brother. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] + +SOULANGES (Vicomte de), probably a brother of the preceding, was, in +1836, commander of a squad of hussars at Fountainebleau; then, in +company with Maxime de Trailles, he was going to be second to Savinien +de Portenduere in a duel with Desire Minoret, but the duel was +prevented by the unforeseen death of the latter; the underlying cause +was the disgraceful conduct of the Minoret-Levraults towards Ursule +Mirouet, future Vicomtesse de Portenduere. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +SOULAS (Amedee-Sylvain-Jacques de), born in 1809, a gentleman of +Besancon, of Spanish origin (the name was written Souleyas, when +Franche-Comte belonged to Spain), succeeded in shining brightly in the +capital of Doubs on an income of four thousand francs, which allowed +him to employ the services of "Babylas, the tiger." Such discrepancy +between his means and his manner of living may well convey an idea of +this fellow's character, seeing that he sought in vain the hand of +Rosalie de Watteville, but married, in the month of August, 1837, +Madame de Watteville, her widowed mother. [Albert Savarus.] + +SOULAS (Madame Amedee de), born Clotilde-Louise de Rupt in 1798, stern +in features and in character, a blonde of the extreme type, was +married, in 1815, to the Baron de Watteville, whom she managed with +little difficulty. She did not find it so easy, however, to govern her +daughter, Rosalie, whom she vainly tried to force to marry M. de +Soulas. The pressure, at Besancon, of Albert Savarus, who was secretly +loved by Mademoiselle de Watteville, gave a political significance to +the salon of Rosalie's parents during the reign of Louis Philippe. +Tired of her daughter's obstinacy, Madame de Watteville, now a widow, +herself married M. de Soulas; she lived in Paris, in the winter at +least, and knew how to be mistress of her house there, as she always +had been elsewhere. [Albert Savarus.] + +SPARCHMANN, hospital surgeon at Heilsberg, attended Colonel Chabert +after the battle of Eylau. [Colonel Chabert.] + +SPENCER (Lord), about 1830, at Balthazar Claes's sale, bought some +magnificent wainscoting that had been carved by Van Huysum, as well as +the portrait of President Van Claes, a Fleming of the sixteenth +century,--family treasures which the father of Mesdames de Solis and +Pierquin was obliged to give up. [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +SPIEGHALTER, a German mechanician, who lived in Paris on the rue de la +Sante, in the early part of Louis Philippe's reign, made unsuccessful +efforts, with the aid of pressure, hammering and rolling, to stretch +the anomalous piece of shagreen submitted to him by Raphael de +Valentin, at the suggestion of Planchette, professor of mechanics. +[The Magic Skin.] + +SPONDE (Abbe de), born about 1746, was grand vicar of the bishopric of +Seez. Maternal uncle, guardian, guest, and boarder of Madame du +Bousquier--/nee/ Cormon--of Alencon; he died in 1819, almost blind, +and strangely depressed by his niece's recent marriage. Entirely +removed from worldly interests, he led an ascetic life, and an +uneventful one, entirely consumed in thoughts of salvation, +mortifications of the flesh, and secret works of charity. [Jealousies +of a Country Town.] + +STAEL-HOLSTEIN (Anne-Louise-Germaine Necker, Baronne de), daughter of +the famous Necker of Geneva, born in Paris in 1766; became the wife of +the Swiss minister to France; author of "l'Allemagne," of "Corinne," +and of "Delphine"; noted for her struggle against Napoleon Bonaparte; +mother-in-law of the Duc Victor de Broglie and grandmother of the +generation of the Broglies of the present day; died in the year 1817. +At various times she lived in the Vendomois in temporary exile. During +one of her first stays in the Loire, she was greeted with the singular +formula of admiration, "Fameuse garce!" [The Chouans.] At a later +period, Madame de Stael came upon Louis Lambert, then a ragged urchin, +absorbed in reading a translation of Swedenborg's "Heaven and Hell." +She was struck with him, and had him educated at the college of +Vendome, where he had the future minister, Jules Dufaure, as his boon +companion; but she forgot her protege, who was ruined rather than +benefited by this passing interest. [Louis Lambert.] About 1823 Louise +de Chaulieu (Madame Marie Gaston) believed that Madame de Stael was +still alive, though she died in 1817. [Letters of Two Brides.] + +STANHOPE (Lady Esther), niece of Pitt, met Lamartine in Syria, who +described her in his "Voyage en Orient"; had sent Lady Dudley an +Arabian horse, that the latter gave to Felix de Vandenesse in exchange +for a Rembrandt. [The Lily of the Valley.] Madame de Bargeton, growing +weary of Angouleme in the first years of the Restoration, was envious +of this "blue-stocking of the desert." Lady Esther's father, Earl +Charles Stanhope, Viscount Mahon, a peer of England, and a +distinguished scholar, invented a printing press, known to fame as the +Stanhope press, of which the miserly and mechanical Jerome-Nicholas +Sechard expressed a contemptuous opinion to his son. [Lost Illusions.] + +STAUB, a German, and a Parisian tailor of reputation; in 1821, made +for Lucien de Rubempre, presumably on credit, some garments that he +went in person to try on the poet at the Hotel du Gaillard-Bois, on +the rue de l'Echelle. Shortly afterwards, he again favored Lucien, who +was brought to his establishment by Coralie. [A Distinguished +Provincial at Paris.] + +STEIBELT, a famous musician, during the Empire was the instructor of +Felicite des Touches at Nantes. [Beatrix.] + +STEINBOCK (Count Wenceslas), born at Prelie (Livonia) in 1809; great- +nephew of one of Charles XII.'s generals. An exile from his youth, he +went to Paris to live, and, from inclination as much as on account of +his poverty, he became a carver and sculptor. As assistant to Francois +Souchet, a fellow-countryman of Laginski's, Wenceslas Steinbock worked +on the decorations of the Pole's mansion, on the rue de la Pepiniere. +[The Imaginary Mistress.] Living amid squalor on the rue du Doyenne, +he was saved from suicide by his spinster neighbor, Lisbeth Fischer, +who restored his courage and determination, and aided him with her +resources. Wenceslas Steinbock then worked and succeeded. A chance +that brought one of his works to the notice of the Hulot d'Ervys +brought him into connection with these people; he fell in love with +their daughter, and, the love being returned, he married her. Orders +then came in quick succession to Wenceslas, living, as he did, on the +rue Saint-Dominique-Saint-Germain, near the Esplanade des Invalides, +not far from the marble stores, where the government had allowed him a +studio. His services were secured for the work of a monument to be +erected to the Marechal de Montcornet. But Lisbeth Fischer's +vindictive hatred, as well as his own weakness of character, caused +him to fall beneath the fatal dominion of Valerie Marneffe, whose +lover he became; with Stidmann, Vignon, and Massol, he witnessed that +woman's second marriage. Steinbock returned to the conjugal domicile +on the rue Louis-le-Grand, towards the latter part of Louis Philippe's +reign. An exhausted artist, he confined himself to the barren role of +critic; idle reverie replaced power of conception. [Cousin Betty.] + +STEINBOCK (Countess Wenceslas), wife of the preceding; born Hortense +Hulot d'Ervy in 1817; daughter of Hector Hulot d'Ervy and Adeline +Fischer; younger sister of Victorin Hulot. Beautiful, and occupying a +brilliant position in society through her parents, but lacking dowry, +she made choice of husband for herself. Endowed with enduring pride of +spirit, Madame Steinbock could with difficulty excuse Wenceslas for +being unfaithful, and pardoned his disloyalty only after a long while. +Her trials ended with the last years of Louis Philippe's reign. The +wisdom and foresight of her brother Victorin, coupled with the results +of the wills of the Marechal Hulot, Lisbeth Fischer, and Valerie +Crevel, at last brought wealth to the countess's household, who lived +successively on the rue Saint-Dominique-Saint-Germain, the rue Plumet, +and the rue Louis-le-Grand. [Cousin Betty.] + +STEINBOCK (Wenceslas), only son of the preceding couple, born when his +parents were living together, stayed with his mother after their +separation. [Cousin Betty.] + +STEINGEL, an Alsatian, natural son of General Steingel, who fell at +the beginning of the Italian campaigns during the Republic; was, in +Bourgogne, about 1823, under head-keeper Michaud, one of the three +keepers of Montcornet's estates. [The Gondreville Mystery. The +Peasantry.] + +STEVENS (Miss Dinah), born in 1791, daughter of an English brewer, +ugly enough, saving, and puritanical, had an income of two hundred and +forty thousand francs and expectations of as much more at her father's +death; the Marquise de Vordac, who met her at some watering-place in +1827, spoke of her to her son Marsay, as a very fine match, and Marsay +pretended that he was to marry the heiress; which he probably did, for +he left a widow that erected to him, at Pere-Lachaise, a superb +monument, the work of Stidmann. [A Marriage Settlement. Cousin Pons.] + +STIDMANN, a celebrated carver and sculptor of Paris at the times of +the Restoration and Louis Philippe; Wenceslas Steinbock's teacher; he +carved, for the consideration of seven thousand francs, a +representation of a fox-chase on the ruby-set gold handle of a riding +whip that Ernest de la Briere gave to Modeste Mignon. [Modeste +Mignon.] At the request of Fabien de Ronceret, Stidmann undertook to +decorate an apartment for him on the rue Blanche [Beatrix.], he made +the originals of a chimney-piece for the Hulot d'Ervys; was among the +guests invited by Mademoiselle Brisetout at her little house-warming +on the rue Chauchat (1838); the same year he was present at the +celebration of Wenceslas Steinbock's marriage with Hortense Hulot; +knew Dorlange-Sallenauve; with Vignon, Steinbock and Massol, he was a +witness of Valerie Marneffe's second marriage to Celestin Crevel; +entertained a secret love for Madame Steinbock when she was neglected +by her husband [The Member for Arcis. Cousin Betty.]; executed the +work of Charles Keller's and Marsay's monuments. [Cousin Pons.] In +1845 Stidmann entered the Institute. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +STOPFER (Monsieur and Madame), formerly coopers at Neuchatel, in 1823; +were proprietors of an inn at Gersau (canton of Lucerne), near the +lake, to which Rodolphe came. The same village sheltered the +Gandolphinis, disguised under the name of Lovelace. [Albert Savarus.] + +SUCY (General Baron Philippe de), born in 1789, served under the +Empire; on one occasion, at the crossing of the Beresina, he tried to +assure the safety of his mistress, Stephanie de Vandieres, a general's +wife, of whom he afterwards lost all trace. Seven years later, +however, being a colonel and an officer in the Legion of Honor, while +hunting with his friend, the Marquis d'Albon, near the Isle-Adam, Sucy +found Madame de Vandieres insane, under the charge of the alienist +Fanjat, and he undertook to restore her reason. With this end in view, +he arranged an exact reproduction of the parting scenes of 1812, on an +estate of his at Saint-Germain. The mad-woman recognized him indeed, +but she died immediately. Having gained the promotion of general, Sucy +committed suicide, the prey of incurable despair. [Farewell.] + +SUZANNE, real given name of Madame Theodore Gaillard. + +SUZANNET was, with the Abbe Vernal, the Comte de Fontaine, and M. de +Chatillon, one of the four Vendean chiefs at the time of the uprising +in the West in 1799. [The Chouans.] + +SUZETTE, during the first years of Louis XVIII.'s reign, was lady's- +maid to Antoinette de Langeais, in Paris, about the time that the +duchess was receiving attentions from Montriveau. [The Thirteen.] + +SUZON was for a long time valet de chambre for Maxime de Trailles. [A +Man of Business. The Member for Arcis.] + +SYLVIE, cook for Madame Vauquer, the widow, on the rue Neuve-Saint- +Genevieve, during the years 1819 and 1820, at the time when Jean- +Joachim Goriot, Eugene de Rastignac, Jacques Collin, Horace Bianchon, +the Poirets, Madame Couture, and Victorine Taillefer boarded there. +[Father Goriot.] + + + +T + +TABAREAU, bailiff of the justice of the peace in the eighth ward of +Paris in 1844-1845. He was on good terms with Fraisier, the business +agent. Madame Cibot, door-keeper, on the rue de Normandie, retained +Tabareau to make a demand for her upon Schmucke for the payment of +three thousand one hundred and ninety-two francs, due her from the +German musician and Pons, for board, lodging, taxes, etc. [Cousin +Pons.] + +TABAREAU (Mademoiselle), only child of Tabareau, the bailiff; a large, +red-haired consumptive; was heir, through her mother, of a house on +the Place Royale; a fact which made her hand sought by Fraisier, the +business agent. [Cousin Pons.] + +TABOUREAU, formerly a day-laborer, and afterwards, during the +Restoration, a grain-dealer and money-lender in the commune of Isere, +of which Doctor Benassis was mayor. He was a thin man, very wrinkled, +bent almost double, with thin lips, and a hooked chin that almost made +connection with his nose, little gray eyes spotted with black, and as +sly as a horse-trader. [The Country Doctor.] + +TAILLEFER (Jean-Frederic), born about 1779 at Beauvais; by means of a +crime, in 1799, he laid the foundations of his fortune, which was +considerable. In an inn near Andernach, Rhenish Prussia, Jean-Frederic +Taillefer, then a surgeon in the army, killed and robbed, one night, a +rich native tradesman, Monsieur Walhenfer, by name; however, he was +never incommoded by this murder; for accusing appearances pointed to +his friend, colleague and fellow-countryman, Prosper Magnan, who was +executed. Returning to Paris, J.-F. Taillefer was from that time forth +a wealthy and honored personage. He was captain of the first company +of grenadiers of the National Guard, and an influencial banker; +received much attention during the funeral obsequies of J.-B. +d'Aldrigger; made successful speculations in Nucingen's third venture. +He was married twice, and was brutal in his treatment of his first +wife (a relative of Madame Couture) who bore him two children, +Frederic-Michel and Victorine. He was owner of a magnificent mansion +on the rue Joubert. In Louis Philippe's reign he entertained in this +mansion with one of the most brilliant affairs ever known, according +to the account of the guests present, among whom were Blondet, +Rastignac, Valentin, Cardot, Aquilina de la Garde, and Euphrasie. M. +Taillefer suffered, nevertheless, morally and physically; in the first +place because of the crime that he had previously committed, for +remorse for this deed came over him every fall, that being the time of +its perpetration; in the second place, because of gout in the head, +according to Doctor Brousson's diagnosis. Though well cared for by his +second wife, and by his daughter of the first wife, Jean-Frederic died +some time after a sumptuous feast given at his house. An evening +passed in the salon of a banker, father of Mademoiselle Fanny, +hastened Taillefer's end; for there he was obliged to listen to +Hermann's story about the unjust martyrdom of Magnan. The funeral +notice read as follows: "You are invited to be present at the funeral +services of M. Jean-Frederic Taillefer, of the firm Taillefer & +Company, formerly contractor for supplies, in his life-time Knight of +the Legion of Honor and of the Golden Spur, Captain of the National +Guard of Paris, died May 1st, at his mansion, rue Joubert. The +services will be conducted at --, etc. In behalf of----," etc. [The +Firm of Nucingen. Father Goriot. The Magic Skin. The Red Inn.] + +TAILLEFER (Madame), first wife of the preceding, and mother of +Frederic-Michel and Victorine Taillefer. As the result of the harsh +treatment by her husband, who unjustly suspected her of being +unfaithful, she died of a broken heart, presumably at quite an early +age. [Father Goriot.] + +TAILLEFER (Madame), second wife of Jean-Frederic Taillefer, who +married her as a speculation, but even then made her happy. She seemed +to be devoted to him. [The Red Inn.] + +TAILLEFER (Frederic-Michel), son of Jean-Frederic Taillefer by his +first wife, did not even try to protect his sister, Victorine, from +her father's unjust persecutions. Designated heir of the whole of his +father's great fortune, he was killed, in 1819, near Clignancourt, by +a dexterous and unerring stroke, in a duel with Colonel Franchessini, +the duel being instigated by Jacques Collin, in the interest of Eugene +de Rastignac, though the latter knew nothing of the matter. [Father +Goriot.] + +TAILLEFER (Victorine), sister of the preceding, and daughter of Jean- +Frederic Taillefer by his first wife; a distant cousin of Madame +Couture; her mother having died in 1819, she wrongfully passed in her +father's opinion for "the child of adulterous connections"; was turned +away from her father's house, and sought protection with her +kinswoman, Madame Couture, the widow of Couture the ordainer, on the +rue Neuve-Saint-Genevieve, in Madame Vauquer's boarding-house; there +she fell in love with Eugene de Rastignac; by the death of her brother +she became heir to all the property of her father, Jean-Frederic +Taillefer, whose death-bed she comforted in every way possible. +Victorine Taillefer probably remained single. [Father Goriot. The Red +Inn.] + +TALLEYRAND-PERIGORD (Charles-Maurice de), Prince de Benevent, Bishop +of Autun, ambassador and minister, born in Paris, in 1754, died in +1838, at his home on the rue Saint-Florentin.[*] Talleyrand gave +attention to the insurrectional stir that arose in Bretagne, under the +direction of the Marquis de Montauran, about 1799. [The Chouans.] The +following year (June, 1800), on the eve of the battle of Marengo, M. +de Talleyrand conferred with Malin de Gondreville, Fouche, Carnot, and +Sieyes, about the political situation. In 1804 he received M. de +Chargeboeuf, M. d'Hauteserre the elder, and the Abbe Goujet, who came +to urge him to have the names of Robert and Adrien d'Hauteserre and +Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul de Simeuse erased from the list of +emigrants; some time afterwards, when these latter were condemned, +despite their innocence, as guilty of the abduction and detention of +Senator Malin, he made every effort to secure their pardon, at the +earnest instance of Maitre Bordin, as well as the Marquis de +Chargeboeuf. At the hour of the execution of the Duc d'Enghien, which +he had perhaps advised, he was found with Madame de Luynes in time to +give her the news of it, at the exact moment of its happening. M. de +Talleyrand was very fond of Antoinette de Langeais. A frequent visitor +of the Chaulieus, he was even more intimate with their near relative, +the elderly Princesse de Vauremont, who made him executor of her will. +[The Gondreville Mystery. The Thirteen. Letters of Two Brides.] +Fritot, in selling his famous "Selim" shawl to Mistress Noswell, made +use of a cunning that certainly would not have deceived the +illustrious diplomat; one day, indeed, on noticing the hesitation of a +fashionable lady as between two bracelets, Talleyrand asked the +opinion of the clerk who was showing the jewelry, and advised the +purchase of the one rejected by the latter. [Gaudissart II.] + +[*] Alexander I., Czar of Russia, once stayed at this house, which is + now owned and occupied by the Baron Alphonse de Rothschild. + +TARLOWSKI, a Pole; colonel in the Imperial Guard; ordnance officer +under Napoleon Bonaparte; friend of Poniatowski; made a match between +his daughter and Bourlac. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +TASCHERON, a very upright farmer, in a small way, in the market town +of Montegnac, nine leagues distant from Limoges; left his village in +August, 1829, immediately after the execution of his son, Jean- +Francois. With his wife, parents, children and grandchildren, he +sailed for America, where he prospered and founded the town of +Tascheronville in the State of Ohio. [The Country Parson.] + +TASCHERON (Jean-Francois), one of the sons of the preceding, born +about 1805, a porcelain maker, working successively with Messieurs +Graslin and Philippart; at the end of Charles X.'s reign, he committed +a triple crime which, owing to his excellent character and +antecedents, seemed for a long time inexplicable. Jean-Francois +Tascheron fell in love with the wife of his first employer, Pierre +Graslin, and she reciprocated the passion; to prepare a way for them +to escape together, he went one night to the house of Pingret, a rich +and miserly husbandman in the Faubourg Saint-Etienne, robbed him of a +large sum of money, and, thinking to assure his safety, murdered the +old man and his servant, Jeanne Malassis. Being arrested, despite his +precautions, Jean-Francois Tascheron made especial effort not to +compromise Madame Graslin. Condemned to death, he refused to confess, +and was deaf to the prayers of Pascal, the chaplain, yielding +somewhat, however, to his other visitors, the Abbe Bonnet, his mother, +and his sister Denise; as a result of their influence he restored a +considerable portion of the hundred thousand francs stolen. He was +executed at Limoges, in August, 1829. He was the natural father of +Francois Graslin. [The Country Parson.] + +TASCHERON (Louis-Marie), a brother of the preceding; with Denise +Tascheron (afterwards Denise Gerard) he fulfilled a double mission: he +destroyed the traces of the crime of Jean-Francois, that might betray +Madame Graslin, and restored the rest of the stolen money to Pingret's +heirs, Monsieur and Madame de Vanneaulx. [The Country Parson.] + +TASCHERON (Denise), a sister of the preceding. (See Gerard, Madame +Gregoire.) + +TAUPIN, cure of Soulanges (Bourgogne), cousin of the Sarcus family and +Sarcus-Taupin, the miller. He was a man of ready wit, of happy +disposition, and on good terms with all his parishioners. [The +Peasantry.] + +TERNNICK (De), Duc de Casa-Real, which name see. + +TERRASSE AND DUCLOS, keepers of records at the Palais, in 1822; +consulted at that time with success by Godeschal. [A Start in Life.] + +THELUSSON, a banker, one of whose clerks was Lemprun before he entered +the Banque de France as messenger. [The Middle Classs.] + +THERESE, lady's-maid to Madame de Nucingen during the Restoration and +the reign of Louis Philippe. [Father Goriot. A Daughter of Eve.] + +THERESE, lady's-maid to Madame Xavier Rabourdin, on the rue Duphot, +Paris, in 1824. [The Government Clerks.] + +THERESE, lady's-maid to Madame de Rochefide in the latter part of +Charles X.'s reign, and during the reign of Louis Philippe. [Beatrix.] + +THERESE (Sister), the name under which Antoinette de Langeais died, +after she had taken the veil, and retired to the convent of bare- +footed Carmelites on an island belonging to Spain, probably the island +of Leon. [The Thirteen.] + +THIBON (Baron), chief of the Comptoir d'Escompte, in 1818, had been a +colleague of Cesar Birotteau, the perfumer. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +THIRION, usher to the closet of King Louis XVIII., was on terms of +intimacy with the Ragons, and was invited to Cesar Birotteau's famous +ball on December 17, 1818, together with his wife and his daughter +Amelie, one of Servin's pupils who married Camusot de Marville. [The +Vendetta. Cesar Birotteau.] The emoluments of his position, obtained +by the patronage that his zeal deservedly acquired, enabled him to lay +by a considerable sum, which the Camusot de Marvilles inherited. +[Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +THOMAS was owner of a large house in Bretagne, that Marie de Verneuil +(Madame Alphonse de Montauran) bought for Francine de Cottin, her +lady's maid, and a niece of Thomas. [The Chouans.] + +THOMAS (Madame) was a milliner in Paris towards the latter part of the +reign of Charles X.; it was to her establishment that Frederic de +Nucingen, after being driven to the famous pastry shop of Madame +Domas, an error arising from his Alsatian pronunciation, betook +himself in quest of a black satin cape, lined with pink, for Esther +van Gobseck. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +THOMIRE contributed to the material splendors of the famous +entertainment given by Frederic Taillefer, about 1831, at his mansion +on the rue Joubert, Paris. [The Magic Skin.] + +THOREC, an anagram of Hector, and one of the names successively +assumed by Baron Hector Hulot d'Ervy, after deserting his conjugal +roof. [Cousin Betty.] + +THOREIN, a carpenter, was employed in making changes in Cesar +Birotteau's apartments some days before the famous ball given by the +perfumer on December 17, 1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +THOUL, anagram of the word Hulot, and one of the names successively +assumed by Baron Hector Hulot d'Ervy, after his desertion of the +conjugal roof. [Cousin Betty.] + +THOUVENIN, famous in his work, but an unreliable tradesman, was +employed, in 1818, by Madame Anselme Popinot (then Mademoiselle +Birotteau) to rebind for her father, the perfumer, the works of +various authors. [Cesar Birotteau.] Thouvenin, as an artist, was in +love with his own works--like Servais, the favorite gilder of Elie +Magus. [Cousin Pons.] + +THUILLIER was first door-keeper of the minister of finance in the +second half of the eighteenth century; by furnishing meals to the +clerks he realized from his position a regular annual income of almost +four thousand francs; being married and the father of two children, +Marie-Jeanne-Brigitte and Louis-Jerome, he retired from active duties +about 1806, and, losing his wife in 1810, he himself died in 1814. He +was commonly called "Stout Father Thuillier." [The Government Clerks. +The Middle Classes.] + +THUILLIER (Marie-Jeanne-Brigitte), daughter of the preceding, born in +1787, of independent disposition and of obstinate will, chose the +single state to become, as it were, the ambitious mother of Louis- +Jerome, a brother younger than herself by four years. She began life +by making coin-bags at the Bank of France, then engaged in money- +lending; took every advantage of her debtors, among others Fleury, her +father's colleague at the Treasury. Being now rich, she met the +Lempruns and the Galards; took upon herself the management of the +small fortune of their heir, Celeste Lemprum, whom she had selected +specially to be the wife of her brother; after their marriage she +lived with her brother's family; was also one of Mademoiselle +Colleville's god-mothers. On the rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer, and on +the Place de la Madeleine, she showed herself many times to be the +friend of Theodose de la Peyrade, who vainly sought the hand of the +future Madame Phellion. [The Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] + +THUILLIER (Louis-Jerome), younger brother of the preceding, born in +1791. Thanks to his father's position, he entered the Department of +Finance as clerk at an early age. Louis-Jerome Thuillier, being +exempted from military service on account of weak eyes, married +Celeste Lemprun, Galard's wealthy granddaughter, about 1814. Ten years +later he had reached the advancement of reporting clerk, in Xavier +Rabourdin's office, Flamet de la Billardiere's division. His pleasing +exterior gave him a series of successes in love affairs, that was +continued after his marriage, but cut short by the Restoration, +bringing back, as it did, with peace, the gallants escaped from the +battlefield. Among his amorous conquests may be counted Madame Flavie +Colleville, wife of his intimate friend and colleague at the Treasury; +of their relations was born Celeste Colleville--Madame Felix Phellion. +Having been deputy-chief for two years (since January 5, 1828), he +left the Treasury at the outbreak of the Revolution of 1830. In him +the office lost an expert in equivocal jests. Having left the +department, Thuillier turned his energies in another direction. Marie- +Jeanne-Brigette, his elder sister, turning him to the intricacies of +real estate, made him leave their lodging-place on the rue +d'Argenteuil, to purchase a house on the rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer, +which had formerly belonged to President Lecamus and to Petitot, the +artist. Thuillier's conceit and vanity, now that he had become a well- +known and important citizen, were greatly flattered when Theodose de +la Peyrade hired apartments from him. M. Thuillier was manager of the +"Echo de la Bievre," signed a certain pamphlet on political economy, +was candidate for the Chamber of Deputies, purchased a second house, +in 1840, on the Place de la Madeleine, and was chosen to succeed J.-J. +Popinot as member of the General Council of the Seine. [The Government +Clerks. The Middle Classes.] + +THUILLIER (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Celeste Lemprun, in +1794; only daughter of the oldest messenger in the Bank of France, +and, on her mother's side, granddaughter od Galard, a well-to-do +truck-gardener of Auteuil; a transparent blonde, slender, sweet- +tempered, religious, and barren. In her married life, Madame Thuillier +was swayed beneath the despotism of her sister-in-law, Marie-Jeanne- +Brigitte, but derived some consolation from the affection of Celeste +Colleville, and, about 1841, contributed as far as her influence +permitted, to the marriage of this her god-daughter. [The Middle +Classes.] + +TIENNETTE, born in 1769, a Breton who wore her native costume, was, in +1829, the devoted servant of Madame de Portenduere the elder, on the +rue des Bourgeois (now Bezout), Nemours. [Ursule Mirouet.] + +TILLET (Ferdinand du), had legally a right only to the first part of +his name, which was given him on the morning of Saint-Ferdinand's day +by the curate of the church of Tillet, a town near Andelys (Eure). +Ferdinand was the son of an unknown great nobleman and a poor +countrywoman of Normandie, who was delivered of her son one night in +the curate's garden, and then drowned herself. The priest took in the +new born son of the betrayed mother and took care of him. His +protector being dead, Ferdinand resolved to make his own way in the +world, took the name of his village, was first commercial traveler, +and, in 1814, he became head clerk in Birotteau's perfumery +establishment on the rue Saint-Honore, Paris. While there he tried, +but without success, to win Constance Birotteau, his patron's wife, +and stole three thousand francs from the cash drawer. They discovered +the theft and forgave the offender, but in such a way that Du Tillet +himself was offended. He left the business and started a bank; being +the lover of Madame Roguin, the notary's wife, he became involved in +the business scheme known as "the lands of the Madeleine," the +original cause of Birotteau's failure and of his own fortune (1818). +Ferdinand du Tillet, now a lynx of almost equal prominence with +Nucingen, with whom he was on very intimate terms, being loved by +Mademoiselle Malvina d'Aldrigger, being looked up to by the Kellers +also, and being further the patron of Tiphaine, the Provins Royalist, +was able to crush Birotteau, and triumphed over him, even on December +17, 1818, the evening of the famous ball given by the perfumer; Jules +Desmarets, Benjamin de la Billiardiere, and he were the only perfect +types present of worldly propriety and distinction. [Cesar Birotteau. +The Firm of Nucingen. The Middle Classes. A Bachelor's Establishment. +Pierrette.] Once started, M. du Tillet seldom left the Chaussee +d'Antin, the financial quarter of Paris, during the Restoration and +the reign of Louis Philippe. It was there that he received Birotteau, +imploring aid, and gave him a letter of recommendation for Nucingen, +the result of which was quite different from what the unfortunate +merchant had anticipated. Indeed, it was agreed between the two +business men, if the i's in the letter in question were not dotted, to +give a negative answer; by this intentional omission, Du Tillet ruined +the unfortunate Birotteau. He had his bank on the rue Joubert when +Rodolphe Castanier, the dishonest cashier, robbed Nucingen. [Melmoth +Reconciled.] Ferdinand du Tillet was now a consequential personage, +when Lucien de Rubempre was making his start in Paris (1821). [A +Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] Ten years later he married his +last daughter to the Comte de Granville, a peer of France, and "one of +the most illustrious names of the French magistracy." He occupied one +of the elegant mansions on the rue Neuve-des-Mathurins, now rue des +Mathurins; for a long time he kept Madame Roguin as his mistress; was +often seen, in the Faubourg Saint-Honore, with the Marquise d'Espard, +being found there on the day that Diane de Cadignan was slandered in +the presence of Daniel d'Arthez, who was very much in love with her. +With Massol and Raoul Nathan he founded a prominent newspaper, which +he used for his financial interests. He did not hesitate to get rid of +Nathan, who was loaded down with debts; but he found Nathan before him +once more, however, as candidate for the Chamber of Deputies, to +succeed Nucingen, who had been made a peer of France; this time, also, +he triumphed over his rival, and was elected. [The Secrets of a +Princess. A Daughter of Eve.] M. du Tillet was no more sparing of +Maxime de Trailles, but harassed him pitilessly, when the count was +sent into Champagne as electoral agent of the government. [The Member +for Arcis.] He was present at the fete given by Josepha Mirah, by way +of a house-warming, in her mansion on the rue de la Ville-l'Eveque; +Celestin Crevel and Valerie Marneffe invited him to their wedding. +[Cousin Betty.] At the end of the monarchy of July, being a deputy, +with his seat in the Left Centre, Ferdinand du Tillet kept in the most +magnificent style Seraphine Sinet, the Opera girl, more familiarly +called Carabine. [The Unconscious Humorists.] There is a biography of +Ferdinand du Tillet, elaborated by the brilliant pen of Jules +Claretie, in "Le Temps" of September 5, 1884, under title of "Life in +Paris." + +TILLET (Madame Ferdinand du), wife of the preceding, born Marie- +Eugenie de Granville in 1814, one of the four children of the Comte +and Comtesse de Granville, and younger sister of Madame Felix de +Vandenesse; a blonde like her mother; in her marriage, which took +place in 1831, was a renewal of the griefs that had sobered the years +of her youth. Eugenie du Tillet's natural playfulness of spirit could +find vent only with her eldest sister, Angelique-Marie, and their +harmony teacher, W. Schmucke, in whose company the two sisters forgot +their father's neglect and the convent-like rigidness of a devotee's +home. Poor in the midst of wealth, deserted by her husband, and bent +beneath an inflexible yoke, Madame du Tillet could lend but too little +aid to her sister--then Madame de Vandenesse--in the trouble caused by +a passion she had conceived for Raoul Nathan. However, she supplied +her with two powerful allies--Delphine de Nucingen and W. Schmucke. As +a result of her marriage Madame du Tillet had two children. [A +Daughter of Eve.] + +TINTENIAC, known for his part in the Quiberon affair, had among his +confederates Jacques Horeau, who was executed in 1809 with the +Chauffeurs of Orne. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +TINTI (Clarina), born in Sicily about 1803; was maid in an inn, when +her glorious voice came under the notice of a great nobleman, her +fellow-countryman, the Duke Cataneo, who had her educated. At the age +of sixteen, she made her debut with brilliant success at several +Italian theatres. In 1820, she was "prima donna assoluta" of the +Fenice theatre, Venice. Being loved by Genovese, the famous tenor, +Tinti was usually engaged with him. Of a passionate nature, beautiful +and capricious, Clarina became enamored of Prince Emilio du Varese, at +that time the lover of the Duchesse Cataneo, and became, for a while, +the mistress of that descendant of the Memmis: the ruined palace of +Varese, which Cataneo hired for Tinti, was the scene of these +ephemeral relations. [Massimilla Doni.] In the winter of 1823-1824, at +the home of Prince Gandolphini, in Geneva, with Genovese, Princesse +Gandolphini, and an exiled Italian prince, she sang the famous +quartette, "Mi manca la voce." [Albert Savarus.] + +TIPHAINE, of Provins, brother of Madame Guenee-Galardon, rich in his +own right, and expecting something more by way of inheritance from his +father, adopted the legal profession; married a granddaughter of +Chevrel, a prominent banker of Paris; had children by his marriage; +presided over the court of his native town in the latter part of +Charles X.'s reign. At that time an ardent Royalist, and resting +secure under the patronage of the well-known financiers, Ferdinand du +Tillet and Frederic de Nucingen, M. Tiphaine contended against +Gouraud, Vinet, and Rogron, the local representatives of the Liberal +party, and for a considerable time upheld the cause of Mademoiselle +Pierrette Lorrain, their victim. Tiphaine, however, suited himself to +the circumstances, and came over to Louis Philippe, the +"revolutionist," under whose reign he became a member of the Chamber +of Deputies; he was "one of the most esteemed orators of the Centre"; +secured his appointment to the judgeship of the court of first +instance of the Seine, and still later he was made president of the +royal court. [Pierrette.] + +TIPHAINE (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Mathilde-Melanie +Roguin, in the early part of the nineteenth century; the only daughter +of a wealthy notary of Paris, noted for his fraudulent failure in +1819; on her mother's side, granddaughter of Chevrel, the banker, and +also distant cousin of the Guillaumes, and the families of Lebas and +Sommervieux. Before her marriage she was a frequent visitor at the +studio of Servin, the artist; she was there "the malicious oracle" of +the Liberal party, and, with Laure, took sides with Ginevra di Piombo +against Amelie Thirion, leader of the aristocratic group. [The +Vendetta.] Clever, pretty, coquettish, correct, and a real Parisian, +and protected by Madame Roguin's lover, Ferdinand du Tillet, Mathilde- +Melanie Tiphaine reigned supreme in Provins, in the midst of the +Guenee family, represented by Mesdames Galardon, Lessourd, Martener, +and Auffray; took in, or, rather, defended Pierrette Lorrain; and +overwhelmed the Rogron salon with her spirit of raillery. [Pierrette.] + +TISSOT (Pierre-Francois), born March 10, 1768, at Versailles, died +April 7, 1854; general secretary of the Maintenance Commission in +1793, successor to Jacques Delille in the chair of Latin poetry in the +College de France; a member of the Academy in 1833, and the author of +many literary and historical works; under the Restoration he was +managing editor of the "Pilote," a radical sheet that published a +special edition of the daily news for the provinces, a few hours after +the morning papers. Horace Bianchon, the house-surgeon, there learned +of the death of Frederic-Michel Taillefer, who had been killed in a +duel with Franchessini. [Father Goriot.] In the reign of Louis +Philippe, when Charles-Edouard Rusticoli de la Palferine's burning +activity vainly sought an upward turn, Tissot, from the professor's +chair, pleaded the cause of the rights and aspirations of youth that +had been ignored and despised by the power surrendered into the hands +of superannuated mossbacks. [A Prince of Bohemia.] + +TITO, a young and handsome Italian, in 1823, brought "la liberta e +denaro" to the Prince and Princess Gandolphini, who were at that time +impoverished outlaws, living in concealment at Gersau (canton of +Lucerne) under the English name of Lovelace--"L'Ambitieux par Amour." +[Albert Savarus.] + +TOBY, born in Ireland about 1807; also called Joby, and Paddy; during +the Restoration, Beaudenord's "tiger" on the Quai Malaquais, Paris; a +wonder of precocity in vice; acquired a sort of celebrity in exercise +of his duties, a celebrity that was even reflected on Madame +d'Aldrigger's future son-in-law. [The Firm of Nucingen.] During Louis +Philippe's reign, Toby was a servant in the household of the Duc +Georges de Maufrigneuse on the rue Miromesnil. [The Secrets of a +Princess.] + +TONNELET (Matire), a notary, and son-in-law of M. Gravier of Isere, +whose intimate friend was Benassis, and who was one of the co-workers +of that beneficent physician. Tonnelet was thin and pale, and of +medium height; he generally dressed in black, and wore spectacles. +[The Country Doctor.] + +TONSARD (Mere), a peasant woman of Bourgogne, born in 1745, was one of +the most formidable enemies of Montcornet, the owner of Aigues, and of +his head-keeper, Justine Michaud. She had killed the keeper's favorite +hound and she encroached upon the forest trees, so as to kill them and +take the dead wood off. A reward of a thousand francs having been +offered to the person who should discover the perpetrator of these +wrongs, Mere Tonsard had herself denounced by her granddaughter, Marie +Tonsard, in order to secure this sum of money to her family, and she +was sentenced to five years' imprisonment, though she probably did not +serve her term. Mere Bonnebault committed the same offences as Mere +Tonsard; they had a quarrel, each wishing to profit by the advantages +of a denunciation, and had ended by referring the matter to the +casting of lots, which resulted in favor of Mere Tonsard. [The +Peasantry.] + +TONSARD (Francois), son of the preceding, born about 1773, was a +country laborer, skilled more or less in everything; he possessed a +hereditary talent, attested, moreover, by his name, for trimming +trees, and various kinds of hedges. Lazy and crafty, Francois Tonsard +secured from Sophie Laguerre, Montcornet's predecessor at Aigues, an +acre of land, on which he built, in 1795, the wine-shop known as the +Grand-I-Vert. He was saved from conscription by Francois Gaubertin, at +that time steward of Aigues, at the urgent request of Mademoiselle +Cochet, their common mistress. Being then married to Philippine +Fourchon, and Gaubertin having become his wife's lover, he could poach +with freedom, and so it was that the Tonsard family made regular +levies on the Aigues forest with impunity: they supplied themselves +entirely from the wood of the forest, kept two cows at the expense of +the landlord, and were represented at the harvest by seven gleaners. +Being incommoded by the active watch kept over them by Justine +Michaud, Gaubertin's successor, Tonsard killed him, one night in 1823. +Afterwards in the dismemberment of Montcornet's estate, Tonsard got +his share of the spoils. [The Peasantry.] + +TONSARD (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Philippe Fourchon; +daughter of the Fourchon who was the natural grandfather of Mouche; +large, and of a good figure, with a sort of rustic beauty; lax in +morals; extravagant in her tastes, none the less she assured the +prosperity of the Grand-I-Vert, by reason of her talent as a cook, and +her free coquetry. By her marriage she had four children, two sons and +two daughters. [The Peasantry.] + +TONSARD (Jean-Louis), born about 1801, son of the preceding, and +perhaps also of Francois Gaubertin, to whom Philippe Tonsard was +mistress. Exempted from military service in 1821 on account of a +pretended disorder in the muscles of his right arm, Jean-Louis Tonsard +posed under the protection of Soudry, Rogou and Gaubertin, in a +circumspect way, as the enemy of the Montcornets and Michaud. He was a +lover of Annette, Rigou's servant girl. [The Peasantry.] + +TONSARD (Nicolas), younger brother of the preceding, and the male +counterpart of his sister Catherine; brutally persecuted, with his +sister's connivance, Niseron's granddaughter, Genevieve, called La +Pechina, whom he tried to outrage. [The Peasantry.] + +TONSARD (Catherine). (See Godain, Madame.) + +TONSARD (Marie), sister of the preceding; a blonde; had the loose and +uncivilized morals of her family. While mistress of Bonnebault, she +proved herself, on one occasion at the Cafe de la Paix of Soulanges, +to be fiercely jealous of Aglae Socquard, whom he wished to marry. +[The Peasantry.] + +TONSARD (Reine), without any known relationship to all of the +preceding, was, in spite of being very ugly, the mistress of the son +of the Oliviers, porters to Valerie Marneffe-Crevel; and she remained +for a long time the confidential lady's-maid of that married +courtesan; but, being brought over by Jacques Collin, she eventually +betrayed and ruined the Crevel family. [Cousin Betty.] + +TONY, coachman to Louis de l'Estorade, about 1840. [The Member for +Arcis.] + +TOPINARD, born about 1805; officer in charge of the property of the +theatre managed by Felix Gaudissart; in charge also of the lamps and +fixtures; and, lastly, he had the task of placing the copies of the +music on the musicians' stands. He went every day to the rue Normandie +to get news of Sylvain Pons, who was suffering from a fatal attack of +hepatitis; in the latter part of April, 1845, he was, with Fraisier, +Villemot and Sonet's agent, one of the pall-bearers at the funeral of +the cousin of the Camusot de Marvilles. On leaving the Pere-Lachaise, +Topinard, who was living in the Cite Bordin, was moved to compassion +for Schmucke, brought him home, and finally received him under his +roof. Topinard then secured the position of cashier with Gaudissart, +but he almost lost his position for trying to defend the interests of +Schmucke, of whom the heirs-at-law of Pons had undertaken to rid +themselves. Even under these circumstances Topinard aided Schmucke in +his distress; he alone followed the German's body to the cemetery, and +took pains to have him buried beside Sylvain Pons. [Cousin Pons.] + +TOPINARD (Madame Rosalie), wife of the preceding, born about 1815, +called Lolotte; she was a member of the choir under the direction of +Felix Gaudissart's predecessor, whose mistress she was. A victim of +her lover's failure, she became box-opener of the first tier, and also +quite a dealer in costumes during the following administration (1834- +1845). She had first lived as Topinard's mistress, but he afterwards +married her; she had three children by him. She took part in the +funeral mass of Pons; when Schmucke was taken in by her husband in the +Cite Bordin, she nursed the musician in his last illness. [Cousin +Pons.] + +TOPINARD, eldest son of the preceding couple, was a supernumerary in +Gaudissart's company. [Cousin Pons.] + +TOPINARD (Olga), sister of the preceding; a blonde of the German type; +when quite young, she won the warmest affection of Schmucke, who was +making his home with the employes of Gaudissart's theatre. [Cousin +Pons.] + +TORLONIA (Duc), a name mentioned, in December, 1829, by the Baron +Frederic de Nucingen, as that of one of his friends, and pronounced by +him "Dorlonia." The duke had ordered a magnificent carpet, the price +of which he considered exorbitant, but the baron bought it for Esther +van Gobseck's "leedle balace" on the rue Saint-Georges. The Duc +Torlonia belonged to the famous family of Rome, that was so hospitable +to strangers, and was of French origin. The original name was +Tourlogne. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +TORPILLE (La), sobriquet of Esther van Gobseck. + +TOUCHARD, father and son, ran a line of stages, during the +Restoration, to Beaumont-sur-Oise. [A Start in Life.] + +TOUCHES (Mademoiselle Felicite des), born at Guerande in 1791; related +to the Grandlieus; not connected with the Touches family of Touraine, +to which the regent's ambassador, more famous as a comic poet, +belonged; became an orphan in 1793; her father, a major in the Gardes +de la Porte, was killed on the steps of the Tuileries August 10, 1792, +and her only brother, a younger member of the guard, was massacred at +the Carmelite convent; lastly, her mother died of a broken heart a few +days after this last catastrophe. Entrusted then to the care of her +maternal aunt, Mademoiselle de Faucombe, a nun of Chelles,[*] she was +taken by her to Faucombe, a considerable estate situated near Nantes, +and soon afterwards she was put in prison along with her aunt on the +charge of being an emissary of Pitt and Cobourg. The 9th Thermidor +found them released; but Mademoiselle de Faucombe died of fright, and +Felicite was sent to M. de Faucombe, an archaeologist of Nantes, being +her maternal great-uncle and her nearest relative. She grew up by +herself, "a tom-boy"; she had at her command an enormous library, +which allowed her to acquire, at a very early age, a great mass of +information. The literary spirit being developed in her, Mademoiselle +des Touches began by assisting her aged uncle; wrote three articles +that he believed were his own work, and, in 1822, made her beginning +in literature with two volumes of dramatic works, after the fashion of +Lope de Vega and Shakespeare, which produced a sort of artistic +revolution. She then assumed as a permanent appellation, the pseudonym +of Camille Maupin, and led a bright and independent life. Her income +of eighty thousand livres, her castle of Les Touches, near Guerande-- +Loire-Inferieure--her Parisian mansion on the rue de Mont-Blanc--now +rue de la Chaussee-d'Antin,--her birth, and her connections, had their +power of influence. Her irregularities were covered as with a veil, in +consideration of her genius. Indeed, Mademoiselle des Touches had more +than one lover: a gallant about 1817; then an original mind, a +sceptic, the real creator of Camille Maupin; and next Gennaro Conti, +whom she knew in Rome, and Claude Vignon, a critic of reputation. +[Beatrix. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] +Felicite was a patron of Joseph Bridau, the romantic painter, who was +despised by the bourgeois [A Bachelor's Establishment.]; she felt a +liking for Lucien de Rubempre, whom, indeed, she came near marrying; +though this circumstance did not prevent her from aiding the poet's +mistress, Coralie, the actress; for, at the time of their amours, +Felicite des Touches was in high favor at the Gymnase. She was the +anonymous collaborator of a comedy into which Leontine Volnys--the +little Fay of that time--was introduced; she had intended to write +another vaudeville play, in which Coralie was to have made the +principal role. When the young actress took to her bed and died, which +occurred under the Poirson-Cerfberr[+] management, Felicite paid the +expenses of her burial, and was present at the funeral services, which +were conducted at Notre-Dame de Bonne-Nouvelle. She gave dinner- +parties on Wednesdays; Levasseur, Conti, Mesdames Pasta, Conti, Fodor, +De Bargeton, and d'Espard, attended her receptions. [A Distinguished +Provincial at Paris.] Although a Legitimist, like the Marquise +d'Espard, Felicite, after the Revolution of July, kept her salon open, +where were frequently assembled her neighbor Leontine de Serizy, Lord +Dudley and Lady Barimore, the Nucingens, Joseph Bridau, Mesdames de +Cadignan and de Montcornet, the Comtesse de Vandenesse, Daniel +d'Arthez, and Madame Rochegude, otherwise known as Rochefide. Canalis, +Rastignac, Laginski, Montriveau, Bianchon, Marsay, and Blondet rivaled +each other in telling piquant stories and passing caustic remarks +under her roof. [Another Study of Woman.] Furthermore, Mademoiselle +des Touches shortly afterwards gave advice to Marie de Vandenesse and +condemned free love. [A Daughter of Eve.] In 1836, while traveling +through Italy, which she was showing to Claude Vignon and Leon de +Lora, the landscape painter, she was present at an entertainment given +by Maurice de l'Hostal, the French consul at Genoa; on this occasion +he gave an account of the ups and downs of the Bauvan family. +[Honorine.] In 1837, after having appointed as her residuary legatee +Calyste du Guenic, whom she adored, but to whom she refused to give +herself over, Felicite des Touches retired to a convent in Nantes of +the order of Saint-Francois. Among the works left by this second +George Sand, we may mention "Le Nouveau Promethee," a bold attempt, +standing alone among her works, and a short autobiographical romance, +in which she described her betrayed passion for Conti, an admirable +work, which was regarded as the counterpart of Benjamin Constant's +"Adolphe." [Beatrix. The Muse of the Department.] + +[*] It was perhaps at Chelles that Mademoiselle de Faucombe became + acquainted with Mesdemoiselles de Beauseant and de Langeais. + +[+] Delestre-Poirson, the vaudeville man, together with A. Cerfberr + established the Gymnase-Dramatique, December 20, 1820; with the + Cerfberr Brothers, Delestre-Poirson continued the management of it + until 1844. + +TOUPILLIER, born about 1750; of a wretchedly poor family consisting of +three sisters and five brothers, one of whom was father of Madame +Cardinal. From drum-major in the Gardes-Francaise, Toupillier became +beadle in the church of Saint-Sulpice, Paris; then dispenser of holy +water, having been an artist's model in the meantime. Toupillier, at +the beginning of the Restoration, suspected either of being a +Bonapartist, or of being unfit for his position, was discharged from +the service of the church, and had only the right to stand at the +threshold as a privileged beggar; however, he profited greatly by his +new position, for he knew how to arouse the compassionate feelings of +the faithful in every possible way, chiefly by passing as a +centenarian. Having been entrusted with the diamonds that Charles +Crochard had stolen from Mademoiselle Beaumesnil and which the young +thief wished to get off his hands for the time being, Toupillier +denied having received them and remained possessor of the stolen +jewels. But Corentin, the famous police-agent, followed the pauper of +Saint-Sulpice to the rue du Coeur-Volant, and surprised that new +Cardillac engrossed in the contemplation of the diamonds. He, however, +left them in his custody, on condition of his leaving by will all his +property to Lydie Peyrade, Corentin's ward and Mademoiselle +Beaumesnil's daughter. Corentin further required Toupillier to live in +his house and under his surveillance on the rue Honore-Chevalier. At +that time Toupillier had an income of eighteen hundred francs; he +might be seen, at the church, munching wretched crusts; but, the +church once closed, he went to dine at the Lathuile restaurant, +situated on the Barriere de Clichy, and at night he got drunk on the +excellent Rousillon wines. Notwithstanding an attack made by Madame +Cardinal and Cerizet on the closet containing the diamonds, when the +pauper of Saint-Sulpice died in 1840, Lydie Peyrade, now Madame +Theodose de la Peyrade, inherited all that Toupillier possessed. [The +Middle Classes.] + +TOUPINET, a Parisian mechanic, at the time of the Restoration, being +married and father of a family, he stole his wife's savings, the fruit +of arduous labor; he was imprisoned, about 1828, probably for debts. +[The Commission in Lunacy.] + +TOUPINET (Madame), wife of the preceding; known under the name +Pomponne; kept a fruit-stand; lived, in 1828, on the rue du Petit- +Banquier, Paris; unhappy in her married life; obtained from the +charitable J.-J. Popinot, under the name of a loan, ten francs for +purchasing stock. [The Commission in Lunacy.] + +TOURNAN, a hatter of the rue Saint-Martin, Paris; among his customers +was young Poiret, who, on July 3, 1823, brought him his head-covering, +all greased, as a result of J.-J. Bixiou's practical joking. [The +Government Clerks.] + +TOURS-MINIERES (Bernard-Polydor Bryond, Baron des), a gentleman of +Alencon; born about 1772; in 1793, was one of the most active +emissaries of the Comte de Lille (Louis XVIII.), in his conspiracy +against the Republic. Having received the King's thanks, he retired to +his estate in the department of Orne, which had long been burdened +with mortgages; and, in 1807, he married Henriette Le Chantre de la +Chanterie, with the concurrence of the Royalists, whose "pet" he was. +He pretended to take part in the reactionary revolutionary movement of +the West in 1809, implicated his wife in the matter, compromised her, +ruined her, and then disappeared. Returning in secrecy to his country, +under the assumed name of Lemarchand, he aided the authorities in +getting at the bottom of the plot, and then went to Paris, where he +became the celebrated police-agent Contenson. [The Seamy Side of +History.] He knew Peyrade, and received from Lenoir's old pupil the +significant sobriquet of "Philosopher." Being agent for Fouche during +the period of the Empire, he abandoned himself in the most sensual way +to his passions, and lived a life of irregularity and vice. During the +time of the Restoration Louchard had him employed by Nucingen at the +time of the latter's amours with Esther van Gobseck. In the service of +this noted banker, Contenson (with Peyrade and Corentin) tried to +protect him from the snares of Jacques Collin, and followed the +pseudo-Carlos Herrera to his place of refuge on a house-top; but being +hurled from the roof by his intended victim, he was instantly killed +during the winter of 1829-1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +TOURS-MINIERES (Baronne Bryond des), wife of the preceding; born +Henriette Le Chantre de la Chanterie, in 1789; only daughter of +Monsieur and Madame Le Chantre de la Chanterie; was married after her +father's death. Through the machinations of Tours-Minieres she was +brought into contact with Charles-Amedee-Louis-Joseph Rifoel, +Chevalier du Vissard, became his mistress, and took the field for him +in the Royalist cause, in the department of Orne, in 1809. Betrayed by +her husband, she was executed in 1810, in accordance with a death- +sentence of the court presided over by Mergi, Bourlac being attorney- +general. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +TRAILLES (Comte Maxime de), born in 1791, belonged to a family that +was descended from an attendant to Louis XI., and raised to the +nobility by Francois I. This perfect example of the Parisian +/condottieri/ made his beginning in the early part of the nineteenth +century as a page to Napoleon. Being loved, in turn, by Sarah Gobseck +and Anastasie de Restaud, Maxime de Trailles, himself already ruined, +ruined both of these; gaming was his master passion, and his caprices +knew no bounds. [Cesar Birotteau. Father Goriot. Gobseck.] He took +under his attention the Vicomte Savinien de Portenduere, a novice in +Parisian life, whom also he would have served later as his second +against Desire Minoret, but for the latter's death by accident. +[Ursule Mirouet.] His ready wit usually saved him from the throng of +creditors that swarmed about him, but even thus he once paid a debt +due Cerizet, in spite of himself. Maxime de Trailles, at that time, +was keeping, in a modest way, Antonia Chocardelle, who had a news- +stand on the rue Coquenard, near the rue Pigalle, on which Trailles +lived; and, at the same time, a certain Hortense, a protegee of Lord +Dudley, was seconding the genius of that excellent comedian, Cerizet. +[A Man of Business. The Member for Arcis.] The dominant party of the +Restoration accused Maxime de Trailles of being a Bonapartist, and +rebuked him for his shameless corruption of life; but the citizen +monarchy extended him a cordial welcome. Marsay was the chief promoter +of the count's fortunes; he moulded him, and sent him on delicate +political missions, which he managed with marvelous success. [The +Secrets of a Princess.] And so the Comte de Trailles was widely known +in social circles: as the guest of Josepha Mirah, by his presence he +honored the house-warming in her new apartments on the rue de la +Ville-l'Eveque. [Cousin Betty.] Marsay being dead, he lost the power +of his prestige. Eugene de Rastignac, who had become somewhat of a +Puritan, showed but slight esteem for him. However, Maxime de Trailles +was on easy terms with one of the minister's intimate friends, the +brilliant Colonel Franchessini. Nucingen's son-in-law--Eugene de +Rastignac--perhaps recalled Madame de Restaud's misfortunes, and +doubtless entertained no good feeling for the man who was responsible +for them all. None the less, he employed the services of M. de +Trailles--who was always at ease in the Marquise d'Espard's salon, in +the Faubourg Saint-Honore, though a man over forty years of age, +painted and padded and bowed down with debts--and sent him to look +after the political situation in Arcis before the spring election of +1839. Trailles worked his wires with judgment; he tried to override +the Cinq-Cygnes, partisans of Henri V.; he supported the candidacy of +Phileas Beauvisage, and sought the hand of Cecile-Renee Beauvisage, +the wealthy heiress, but was unsuccessful on all sides. [The Member +for Arcis.] M. de Trailles, furthermore, excelled in the adjustment of +private difficulties. M. d'Ajuda-Pinto, Abbe Brossette, and Madame de +Grandlieu called for his assistance, and, with the further aid of +Rusticoli de la Palferine, effected the reconciliation of the families +of Calyste du Guenic and Arthur de Rochefide. [Beatrix.] He became a +member of the Chamber of Deputies, succeeding Phileas Beauvisage, who +had replaced Charles de Sallenauve, at the Palais-Bourbon; here he was +pointed out to S.-P. Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +TRANS (Mademoiselle), a young unmarried woman of Bordeaux, who, like +Mademoiselle de Belor, was on the lookout for a husband when Paul de +Manerville married Natalie Evangelista. [A Marriage Settlement.] + +TRANSON (Monsieur and Madame), wholesale dealers in earthenware goods +on the rue des Lesdiguieres, were on intimate terms, about 1824, with +their neighbors, the Baudoyers and the Saillards. [The Government +Clerks.] + +TRAVOT (General), with his command, conducted, in 1815, the siege of +Guerande, a fortress defended by the Baron du Guenic, who finally +evacuated it, but who reached the wood with his Chouans and remained +in possession of the country until the second return of the Bourbons. +[Beatrix.] + +TROGNON (Maitre), a Parisian notary, wholly at the disposal of his +neighbor, Maitre Fraisier; during the years 1844-1845 he lived on the +rue Saint-Louis-au-Marais--now rue de Turenne--and reached the death- +bed of Sylvain Pons before his colleague, Maitre Leopold Hannequin, +though the latter actually received the musician's last wishes. +[Cousin Pons.] + +TROISVILLE (Guibelin, Vicomte de), whose name is pronounced Treville, +and who, as well as his numerous family, bore simply the name Guibelin +during the period of the Empire; he belonged to a noble line of ardent +Royalists well known in Alencon. [The Seamy Side of History.] Very +probably several of the Troisvilles, as well as the Chevalier de +Valois and the Marquis d'Esgrignon, were among the correspondents of +the Vendean chiefs, for it is well known that the department of Orne +was counted among the centres of the anti-revolutionary uprising +(1799). [The Chouans.] Furthermore, the Bourbons, after their +restoration, overwhelmed the Troisvilles with honors, making several +of them members of the Chamber of Deputies or peers of France. The +Vicomte Guibelin de Troisville served during the emigration in Russia, +where he married a Muscovite girl, daughter of the Princesse +Scherbeloff; and, during the year 1816, he returned to establish +himself permantly among the people of Alencon. Accepting temporarily +the hospitality of Rose-Victoire Cormon (eventually Madame du +Bousquier), he innocently inspired her with false hopes; the viscount, +naturally reserved, failed to inform her of his being son-in-law of +Scherbeloff, and legitimate father of the future Marechale de +Montcornet. Guibelin de Troisville, a loyal social friend of the +Esgrignons, met in their salon the Roche-Guyons and the Casterans, +distant cousins of his, but the intimate relations almost came to an +end, when Mademoiselle Virginie de Troisville became Madame de +Montcornet. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] However, in spite of this +union, which he looked upon as a mesalliance, the viscount was never +cool towards his daughter and her husband, but was their guest at +Aigues, in Bourgogne. [The Peasantry.] + +TROMPE-LA-MORT, a sobriquet of Jacques Collin. + +TROUBERT (Abbe Hyacinthe), favorite priest of M. de Bourbonne; rose +rapidly during the Restoration and Louis Philippe's reign, canon and +vicar-general, in turn, of Tours, he was afterwards bishop of Troyes. +His early career in Touraine showed him to be a deep, ambitious, and +dangerous man, knowing how to remove from his path those that impeded +his advance, and knowing how to conceal the full power of his +animosity. The secret support of the Congregation and the connivance +of Sophie Gamard allowed him to take advantage of Abbe Francois +Birotteau's unsuspecting good nature, and to rob him of all the +inheritance of Abbe Chapeloud, whom he had hated in his lifetime, and +over whom he triumphed thus again, despite the shrewdness of the +deceased priest. Abbe Troubert even won over to his side the +Listomeres, defenders of Francois Birotteau. [The Vicar of Tours.] +About 1839, at Troyes, Monsiegneur Troubert was on terms of intimacy +with the Cinq-Cygnes, the Hauteserres, the Cadignans, the +Maufrigneuses, and Daniel d'Arthez, who were more or less concerned in +the matter of the Champagne elections. [The Member for Arcis.] + +TROUSSENARD (Doctor), a physician of Havre, during the Restoration, at +the time that the Mignon de la Bastie family lived in that sub- +prefecture of the Seine-Inferieure. [Modeste Mignon.] + +TRUDON, in 1818, a grocer of Paris, in the same quarter as Cesar +Birotteau, whom he furnished, on December 17th of that year, with +nearly two hundred francs' worth of wax candles. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +TULLIA, professional sobriquet of Madame du Bruel. + +TULLOYE, the name of the owner of a small estate near Angouleme, where +M. de Bargeton, in the autumn of 1821, severely wounded M. de +Chandour, an unsophisticated hot-head, whom he had challenged to a +duel. The name Tulloye furnished a good opportunity in the affair for +a play on words. [Lost Illusions.] + +TURQUET (Marguerite), born about 1816, better known under the +sobriquet of Malaga, having a further appellaton of the "Aspasia of +the Cirque-Olympique," was originally a rider in the famous Bouthor +Traveling Hippodrome, and was later a Parisian star at the Franconi +theatre, in the summer on the Champs-Elysees, in the winter on the +Boulevard du Crime. In 1837, Mademoiselle Turquet was living in the +fifth story of a house on the rue des Fosses-du-Temple--a thoroughfare +that has been built up since 1862--when Thaddee Paz set her up in +sumptuous style elsewhere. But she wearied of the role of supposed +mistress of the Pole. [The Imaginary Mistress.] Nevertheless, this +position had placed Marguerite in a prominent light, and she shone +thenceforth among the artists and courtesans. She had in Maitre +Cardot, a notary on the Place du Chatelet, an earnest protector; and +as her lover she had a quite young musician. [The Muse of the +Department.] A shrewd girl, she held on to Maitre Cardot, and made a +popular hostess, in whose salon Desroches, about 1840, gave an +entertaining account of a strange battle between two roues, Trailles +and Cerizet, debtor and creditor, that resulted in a victory for +Cerizet. [A Man of Business.] In 1838, Malaga Turquet was present at +Josepha Mirah's elegant house-warming in her gorgeous new apartments +on the rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. [Cousin Betty.] + + + +U + +URBAIN, servant of Soudry, mayor of Soulanges, Bourgogne, during the +Restoration; was at one time a cavalry soldier, who entered into the +service of the mayor, an ex-brigadier of gendarmes, after failing to +receive an appointment as gendarme. [The Peasantry.] + +URRACA, aged Spanish woman, nurse of Baron de Macumer; the only family +servant kept by her master after his ruin and during his exile in +France. Urraca prepared the baron's chocolate in the very best style. +[Letters of Two Brides.] + +URRACA Y LORA (Mademoiselle), paternal aunt of Leon de Lora, remained +a spinster. As late as 1845 this quasi-Spaniard was still living in +poverty in a commune of the Pyrenees-Orientales, with the father and +elder brother of the artist. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +URSULE, servant employed by the Abbe Bonnet, cure of Montegnac, in +1829; a woman of canonical age. She received the Abbe de Rastignac, +who had been sent by the Bishop of Limoges to bring the village curate +to Jean-Francois Tascheron. It was desired that this man, although he +was condemned to death, should be brought back within the "pale of the +Church." Ursule learned from the Abbe de Rastignac of the reprieve +that had been given the murderer, and being not only inquisitive, but +also a gossip; she spread it throughout the whole village, during the +time that she was buying the articles necessary for the preparation of +breakfast for the Cure Bonnet and the Abbe de Rastignac. [The Village +Parson.] + +URSULE, from Picardie, very large; cook employed by Ragon, perfumer on +rue Saint-Honore, Paris, towards the end of the eighteenth century; +about 1793 she took in hand the amorous education of Cesar Birotteau, +the little Tourraine peasant just employed by the Ragons as errand- +boy. Ill-natured, wanton, wheedling, dishonest, selfish and given to +drink, Ursule did not suit the candid Cesar, whom she abandoned, +moreover, two years later, for a young Picardie rebel, who owned a few +acres of land. He found concealment in Paris, and let her marry him. +[Cesar Birotteau.] + +UXELLES (Marquise d'), related to the Princess de Blamont-Chauvry, and +to the Duc and Duchesse de Lenoncourt; god-mother of Cesar Birotteau. +[Cesar Birotteau.] + +UXELLES (Duchesse d'), born about 1769, mother of Diane d'Uxelles; +beloved by the Duc de Maufrigneuse, and about 1814 gave him her +daughter in marriage; ten years later she withdrew to her Uxelles +estate, where she lived a life of piety and selfishness. [The Secrets +of a Princess.] + + + +V + +VAILLANT (Madame), wife of a cabinet-maker in the Faubourg Saint- +Antoine; mother of three children. In 1819 and 1820, for forty sous +per month, she kept house for a young author,[*] who lived in a garret +in rue Lesdiguieres. She utilized her remaining time in turning the +crank for a mechanic, and received only ten sous a day for this hard +work. This woman and her husband were perfectly upright. At the +wedding of Madame Vaillant's sister, the young writer became +acquainted with Pere Canet--Facino Cane--clarinetist at the Quinze- +Vingts--who told him his strange story. [Facino Cane.] In 1818, Madame +Vaillant, already aged, kept house for Claude-Joseph Pillerault, the +former Republican, on rue des Bourdonnais. The old merchant was good +to his servant and did not let her shine his shoes. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +[*] Honore de Balzac. He employed Madame Vaillant as a servant. + +VALDES (Paquita), born in the West Indies about 1793, daughter of a +slave bought in Georgia on account of her great beauty; lived in the +early part of the Restoration and during the Hundred Days in Hotel +San-Real, rue Saint-Lazare, Paris, with her mother and her foster- +father, Christemio. In April, 1815, in the Jardin des Tuileries, she +was met by Henri de Marsay, who loved her. She agreed to receive him +secretly in her own home. She gave up everything for his sake, but in +a transport of love, she cried out from force of habit: "O Mariquita!" +This put her lover in such a fury that he tried to kill her. Not being +able to do this, he returned, accompanied by some other members of +"The Thirteen," only to find Paquita murdered; for, the Marquise de +San-Real, Marsay's own sister, who was very jealous of the favors +granted the man by this girl, has slashed her savagely with a dagger. +Having been kept in retirement since she was twelve years old, Paquita +Valdes knew neither how to read nor to write. She spoke only English +and Spanish. On account of the peculiar color of her eyes she was +known as "the girl with the golden eyes," by some young men, one of +whom was Paul de Manerville, who had noticed her during his +promenades. [The Thirteen.] + +VALDEZ, a Spanish admiral, constitutional minister of King Ferdinand +VII. in 1820; was obliged to flee at the time of the reaction, and +embarked on an English vessel. His escape was due to the warning given +him by Baron de Macumer, who told him in time. [Letters of Two +Brides.] + +VALENTIN (De), head of a historic house of Auvergne, which had fallen +into poverty and obscurity; cousin of the Duc de Navarreins; came to +Paris under the monarchy, and made for himself an excellent place at +the "very heart of power." This he lost during the Revolution. Under +the Empire he bought many pieces of property given by Napoleon to his +generals; but the fall of Napoleon ruined him completely. He reared +his only son, Raphael, with great harshness, although he expected him +to restore the house to its former position. In the autumn of 1826, +six months after he had paid his creditors, he died of a broken heart. +The Valentins had on their arms: an eagle of gold in a field of sable, +crowned with silver, beak and talons with gules, with this device: +"The soul has not perished." [The Magic Skin.] + +VALENTIN (Madame de), born Barbe-Marie O'Flaharty, wife of the +preceding; heiress of a wealthy house; died young, leaving to her only +son an islet in the Loire. [The Magic Skin.] + +VALENTIN (Marquis Raphael de),[*] only son of the preceding couple, +born in 1804, and probably in Paris, where he was reared; lost his +mother when he was very young, and, after an unhappy childhood, +received on the death of his father the sum of eleven hundred and +twelve francs. On this he lived for nearly three years, boarding at +the rate of a franc per day at the Hotel de Saint-Quintin, rue des +Cordiers. He began two great works there: a comedy, which was to bring +him fame in a day, and the "Theory of the Will," a long work, like +that of Louis Lambert, meant to be a continuation of the books by +Mesmer, Lavater, Gall and Bichat. Raphael de Valentin as a doctor of +laws was destined by his father for the life of a statesman. Reduced +to extreme poverty, and deprived of his last possession, the islet in +the Loire, inherited from his mother, he was on the point of +committing suicide, in 1830, when a strange dealer in curiosities of +the Quai Voltaire, into whose shop he had entered by chance, gave him +a strange piece of shagreen, the possession of which assured him the +gratification of every desire, although his life would be shortened by +each wish. Shortly after this he was invited to a sumptuous feast at +Frederic Taillefer's. On the next morning Raphael found himself heir +to six million francs. In the autumn of 1831 he died of consumption in +the arms of Pauline Gaudin; they were mutual lovers. He tried in vain +to possess himself of her, in a supreme effort. As a millionaire, +Raphael de Valentin lived in friendship with Rastignac and Blondet, +looked after by his faithful servant, Jonathas, in a house on rue de +Varenne. At one time he was madly in love with a certain Comtesse +Foedora. Neither the waters of Aix, nor those of Mont-Dore, both of +which he tried, were able to give him back his lost health. [The Magic +Skin.] + +[*] During the year 1851, at the Ambigu-Comique, was performed a drama + by Alphonse Arnault and Louis Judicis, in which the life of + Raphael Valentin was reproduced. + +VALENTINE, given name and title of the heroine of a vaudeville play[*] +in two acts, by Scribe and Melesville, which was performed at the +Gymnase-Dramatique, January 4, 1836. This was more than twenty years +after the death of M. and Madame de Merret, whose lives and tragic +adventures were more or less vividly pictured in the play. [The Muse +of the Department.] + +[*] Madame Eugenie Savage played the principal part. + +VALLAT (Francois), deputy to the king's attorney at Ville-aux-Fayes, +Bourgogne, under the Restoration, at the time of the peasant uprising +against General de Montcornet. He was a cousin of Madame Sarcus, wife +of Sarcus the Rich. He sought promotion through Gaubertin, the mayor, +who was influential throughout the entire district. [The Peasantry.] + +VALLET, haberdasher in Soulanges, Bourgogne, during the Restoration, +at the time of General de Montcornet's struggle against the peasants. +The Vallet house was next to Socquard's Cafe de la Paix. [The +Peasantry.] + +VAL-NOBLE (Madame du). (See Gaillard, Madame Theodore.) + +VALOIS (Chevalier de), born about 1758; died, as did his friend and +fellow-countryman, the Marquis d'Esgrignon, with the legitimate +monarchy, August, 1830. This poor man passed his youth in Paris, where +he was surprised by the Revolution. He was finally a Chouan, and when +the western Whites arose in arms against the Republic, he was one of +the members of the Alencon royal committee. At the time of the +Restoration he was living in this city very modestly, but received by +the leading aristocracy of the province as a true Valois. The +chevalier carried snuff in an old gold snuffbox, ornamented with the +picture of the Princess Goritza, a Hungarian, celebrated for her +beauty, under Louis XV. He spoke only with emotion of this woman, for +whom he had battled with Lauzun. The Chevalier de Valois tried vainly +to marry the wealthy heiress of Alencon, Rose-Victoire Cormon, a +spinster, who had the misfortune to become the wife, platonically +speaking, of M. du Bousquier, the former contractor. In his lodging at +Alencon with Madame Lardot, a laundress, the chevalier had as mistress +one of the working women, Cesarine, whose child was usually attributed +to him. Cesarine was, as a result, the sole legatee of her lover. The +chevalier also took some liberties with another employe of Madame +Lardot, Suzanne, a very beautiful Norman girl, who was afterwards +known at Paris as a courtesan, under the name of Val-Noble, and who +still later married Theodore Gaillard. M. de Valois, although strongly +attached to this girl, did not allow her to defraud him. He was +intimate with Messieurs de Lenoncourt, de Navarreins, de Verneuil, de +Fontaine, de la Billardiere, de Maufrigneuse and de Chaulieu. Valois +made a living by gambling, but pretended to gain his modest livelihood +from a Maitre Bordin, in the name of a certain M. de Pombreton. [The +Chouans. Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +VANDENESSE (Marquis de), a gentleman of Tours; had by his wife four +children: Charles, who married Emilie de Fontaine, widow of +Kergarouet; Felix, who married Marie-Angelique de Granville; and two +daughters, the elder of whom was married to her cousin, the Marquis de +Listomere. The Vandenesse motto was: "Ne se vend." [The Lily of the +Valley.] + +VANDENESSE (Marquise de), born Listomere, wife of the preceding; tall, +slender, emaciated, selfish and fond of cards; "insolent, like all the +Listomeres, with whom insolence always counts as a part of the dowry." +She was the mother of four children, whom she reared harshly, keeping +them at a distance, especially her son Felix. She had something of a +weakness for her son Charles, the elder. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +VANDENESSE (Marquis Charles de), son of the preceding, born towards +the close of the eighteenth century; shone as a diplomatist under the +Bourbons; during this period was the lover of Madame Julie +d'Aiglemont, wife of General d'Aiglemont; by her he had some natural +children. With Desroches as his attorney, Vandenesse entered into a +suit with his younger brother, Comte Felix, in regard to some +financial matters. He married the wealthy widow of Kergarouet, born +Emilie de Fontaine. [A Woman of Thirty. A Start in Life. A Daughter of +Eve.] + +VANDENESSE (Marquise Charles de), born Emilie de Fontaine about 1802; +the youngest of the Comte de Fontaine's daughters; having been +overindulged as a child, her insolent bearing, a distinctive trait of +character, was made manifest at the famous ball of Cesar Birotteau, to +which she accompanied her parents. [Cesar Birotteau.] She refused Paul +de Manerville, and a number of other excellent offers, before marrying +her mother's uncle, Admiral Comte de Kergarouet. This marriage, which +she regretted later, was resolved upon during a game of cards with the +Bishop of Persepolis, as a result of the anger which she felt on +learning that M. Longueville, on whom she had centred her affections, +was only a merchant. [The Ball at Sceaux.] Madame de Kergarouet +scorned her nephew by marriage, Savinien de Portenduere, who courted +her. [Ursule Mirouet.] Having become a widow, she married the Marquis +de Vandenesse. A little later she endeavored to overthrow her sister- +in-law, the Comtesse Felix de Vandenesse, then in love with Raoul +Nathan. [A Daughter of Eve.] + +VANDENESSE (Comte Felix de), brother-in-law of the preceding, born +late in the eighteenth century, bore the title of vicomte until the +death of his father; suffered much in childhood and youth, first in +his home life, then as a pupil in a boarding-school at Tours and in +the Oratorien college at Pontlevoy. He was unhappy also at the Lepitre +school in Paris, and during his holidays spent on the Ile Saint-Louis +with one of the Listomeres, a kinswoman. Felix de Vandenesse at last +found happiness at Frapesle, a castle near Clochegourde. It was then +that his platonic liaison with Madame de Mortsauf began--a union which +occupied an important place in his life. He was, moreover, the lover +of Lady Arabelle Dudley, who called him familiarly Amedee, pronounced +"my dee." Madame de Mortsauf, having died, he was subjected to the +secret hatred of her daughter Madeleine, later Madame de Lenoncourt- +Givry-Chaulieu. About this time began his career in public life. +During the "Hundred Days" Louis XVIII. entrusted to him a mission in +Vendee. The King received him into favor, and finally employed him as +private secretary. He was also appointed master of petitions in the +State Council. Vandenesse frequently visited the Lenoncourts. He +excited admiration, mingled with envy, in the mind of Lucien de +Rubempre, who had recently arrived in Paris. Acting for the King, he +helped Cesar Birotteau. He was acquainted with the Prince de +Talleyrand, and asked of him information about Macumer, for Louise de +Chaulieu. [The Lily of the Valley. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished +Provincial at Paris. Cesar Birotteau. Letters of Two Brides.] After +his father's death, Felix de Vandenesse assumed the title of count, +and probably won a suit in regard to a land-sale against his brother, +the marquis, who had been badly served by a rascally clerk of Maitre +Desroches, Oscar Husson. [A Start in Life.] At this time, Comte Felix +de Vandenesse began a very close relationship with Natalie de +Manerville. She herself broke this off as a result of the detailed +description that he gave her of the love which he had formerly felt +for Madame de Mortsauf. [The Marriage Settlement.] The year following, +he married Angelique-Marie de Granville, elder daughter of the +celebrated magistrate of that name, and began to keep house on rue du +Rocher, where he had a house, furnished with the best of taste. At +first he was not able to gain his wife's affection, as his known +profligacy and his patronizing manners filled her with fear. She did +not go with him to the evening entertainment given by Madame d'Espard, +where he found himself with his elder brother, and where many +gossiping tongues directed their speech against Diane de Cadignan, +despite the presence of her lover, Arthez. Felix de Vandenesse went +with his wife to a rout at the home of Mademoiselle des Touches, where +Marsay told the story of his first love. The Comte and Comtesse de +Vandenesse, who, under Louis Philippe, still frequented the houses of +the Cadignans and the Montcornets, came very near having serious +trouble. Madame de Vandenesse, had foolishly fallen in love with Raoul +Nathan, but was kept from harm by her husband's skilful management. +[The Secrets of a Princess. Another Study of Woman. The Gondreville +Mystery. A Daughter of Eve.] + +VANDENESSE (Comtesse Felix de), wife of the preceding; born Angelique- +Marie de Granville in 1808; a brunette like her father. In bearing the +cruel treatment of her prejudiced mother, in the Marais house, where +she spent her youth, the Comtesse Felix was consoled by the tender +affection of a younger sister, Marie-Eugenie, later Madame F. du +Tillet. The lessons in harmony given them by Wilhelm Schmucke afforded +them some diversion. Married about 1828, and dowered handsomely, to +the detriment of Marie-Eugenie, she underwent, when about twenty-five +years old, a critical experience. Although mother of at least one +child, becoming suddenly of a romantic turn of mind, she narrowly +escaped becoming the victim of a worldly conspiracy formed against her +by Lady Dudley and by Mesdames Charles de Vandenesse and de +Manerville. Marie, moved by the strength of her passion for the +writer, Raoul Nathan, and wishing to save him from financial trouble, +appealed to the good offices of Madame de Nucingen and to the devotion +of Schmucke. The proof furnished to her by her husband of the debasing +relations and the extreme Bohemian life of Raoul, kept Madame Felix de +Vandenesse from falling. [A Second Home. A Daughter of Eve.] +Afterwards, her adventure, the dangers which she had run, and her +rupture with the poet, were all recounted by M. de Clagny, in the +presence of Madame de la Baudraye, Lousteau's mistress. [The Muse of +the Department.] + +VANDENESSE (Alfred de), son of the Marquis Charles de Vandenesse, a +coxcomb who, under the reign of Louis Philippe, at the Faubourg Saint- +Germain, compromised the reputation of the Comtesse de Saint-Hereen, +despite the presence of her mother, Madame d'Aiglemont, the former +mistress of the marquis. [A Woman of Thirty.] + +VANDIERES (General, Comte de), old, feeble and childish, when, with +his wife and a large number of soldiers, November 29, 1812, he started +on a raft to cross the Beresina. When the boat struck the other bank +the shock threw the count into the river. His head was severed from +his body by a cake of ice, and went down the river like a cannon-ball. +[Farewell.] + +VANDIERES (Comtesse Stephanie de), wife of the preceding, niece of the +alienist Doctor Fanjat; mistress of Major de Sucy, who afterwards was +a general. In 1812, during the campaign in Russia, she shared with her +husband all the dangers, and managed to cross the Beresina with her +lover's aid, although she was unable to rejoin him. She wandered for a +long time in northern or eastern Europe. Having become insane, she +could say nothing but the word "Farewell"! She was found later at +Strasbourg by the grenadier, Fleuriot. Having been taken to the Bons- +Hommes near the Isle-Adam, she was attended by Fanjat. She there had +as a companion an idiot by the name of Genevieve. In September, 1819, +Stephanie again saw Philippe de Sucy, but did not recognize him. She +died not far from Saint-Germain-en-Laye, January, 1820, soon after the +reproduction of the scene on the Beresina, arranged by her lover. Her +sudden return of reason killed her. [Farewell.] + +VANIERE, gardener to Raphael de Valentin; obtained from the well, into +which his frightened employer had thrown it, the wonderful piece of +shagreen, which no weight, no reagent, and no pounding could either +stretch or injure, and which none of the best known scientists could +explain. [The Magic Skin.] + +VANNEAULX (Monsieur and Madame des), small renters at Limoges, living +with their two children on rue des Cloches towards the end of Charles +X.'s reign. They inherited in the neighborhood of a hundred thousand +francs from Pingret, of whom Madame des Vanneaulx was the only niece. +This was after their uncle's murderer, J.-F. Tascheron, having been +urged by the Cure Bonnet, restored a large portion of the money stolen +in Faubourg Saint-Etienne. M. and Madame des Vanneaulx, who had +accused the murderer of "indelicacy," changed their opinion entirely +when he made this restitution. [The Country Parson.] + +VANNI (Elisa), a Corsican woman who, according to one Giacomo, rescued +a child, Luigi Porta, from the fearful vendetta of Bartolomeo di +Piombo. [The Vendetta.] + +VANNIER, patriot, conscript of Fougeres, Bretagne, during the autumn +of 1799 received an order to convey marching orders to the National +Guard of his city--a body of men who were destined to aid the Seventy- +second demi-brigade in its engagements with the Chouans. [The +Chouans.] + +VARESE (Emilio Memmi, Prince of), of the Cane-Memmis, born in 1797, a +member of the greater nobility, descendant of the ancient Roman family +of Memmius, received the name of Prince of Varese on the death of +Facino Cane, his relative. During the time of Austrian rule in Venice, +Memmi lived there in poverty and obscurity. In the early part of the +Restoration he was on friendly terms with Marco Vendramini, his +fellow-countryman. His poverty would not permit of his keeping more +than one servant, the gondolier, Carmagnola. For Massimilla Doni, wife +of the Duke Cataneo, he felt a passion, which was returned, and which +for a long time remained platonic, despite its ardor. He was +unfaithful to her at one time, not being able to resist the unforeseen +attractions of Clarina Tinti, a lodger in the Memmi palace, and +unrivaled prima donna at the Fenice. Finally, conquering his timidity, +and breaking with the "ideal," he rendered Massimilla Cataneo a +mother, and married her when she became a widow. Varese lived in Paris +under the reign of Louis Philippe, and, having been enriched by his +marriage, one evening at the Champs-Elysees, aided certain destitute +artists, the Gambaras, who were obliged to sing in the open air. He +asked for the story of their misfortunes, and Marianina told it to him +without bitterness. [Massimilla Doni. Gambara.] + +VARESE (Princess of), wife of the preceding, born Massimilla Doni, +about 1800, of an ancient and wealthy Florentine family of the +nobility; married, at first, the Duke Cataneo, a repulsive man who +lived in Venice at the time of Louis XVIII. She was an enthusiastic +attendant of the Fenice theatre during the winter when "Moses" and the +"Semiramide" were given by a company, in which were found Clarina +Tinti, Genovese and Carthagenova. Massimilla conceived a violent but +at first a platonic love for Emilio Memmi, Prince of Varese, married +him after Cataneo's death, following him to Paris, during the time of +Louis Philippe, where she met with him the Gambaras and helped them in +their poverty. [Massimilla Doni. Gambara.] + +VARLET, an Arcis physician, early in the nineteenth century, at the +time of the political and local quarrels of the Gondrevilles, Cinq- +Cygnes, Simeuses, Michus, and Hauteserres; had a daughter who +afterwards became Madame Grevin. [The Gondreville Mystery. The Member +for Arcis.] + +VARLET, son of the preceding, brother-in-law of Grevin; like his +father, later a physician. [The Member for Arcis.] + +VASSAL, in 1822 at Paris, third clerk of Maitre Desroches, an +advocate, by whom were employed also Marest, Husson and Godeschal. [A +Start in Life.] + +VATEL, formerly an army child, then corporal of the Voltigeurs, +became, during the Restoration, one of the three guards of +Montcornet's estate in Aigues, Bourgogne, under head-keeper Michaud; +he detected Mere Tonsard in her trespassing. He was a valuable +servant; gay as a lark, rather loose in his conduct with women, +without any religious principles, and brave unto rashness. [The +Peasantry.] + +VATINELLE (Madame), a pretty and rather loose woman of Mantes, courted +at the same time by Maitre Fraisier and the king's attorney, Olivier +Vinet; she was "kind" to the former, thereby causing his ruin; the +attorney soon found a means of compelling Fraisier, who was +representing both sides in a lawsuit, to sell his practice and leave +town. [Cousin Pons.] + +VAUCHELLES (De), maintained relations of close friendship, about 1835, +at Besancon, with Amedee de Soulas, his fellow-countryman, and +Chavoncourt, the younger, a former collegemate. Vauchelles was of +equally high birth with Soulas, and was also equally poor. He sought +the hand of Mademoiselle Victoire, Chavoncourt's eldest sister, on +whom a godmother aunt had agreed to settle an estate yielding an +income of seven thousand francs, and a hundred thousand francs in +cash, in the marriage contract. To Rosalie de Watteville's +satisfaction, he opposed Albert Savarus, the rival of the elder +Chavoncourt, in his candidacy for a seat in the Chamber of Deputies. +[Albert Savarus.] + +VAUDOYER, a peasant of Ronquerolles, Bourgogne, appointed forest- +keeper of Blangy, but discharged about 1821, in favor of Groison, by +Montcornet, at that time mayor of the commune; supported G. Rigou and +F. Gaubertin as against the new owner of Aigues. [The Peasantry.] + +VAUDREMONT (Comtesse de), born in 1787; being a wealthy widow of +twenty-two years in 1809, she was considered the most beautiful +Parisian of the day, and was known as the "Queen of Fashion." In the +month of November of the same year, she attended the great ball given +by the Malin de Gondrevilles, who were disappointed at the Emperor's +failure to appear on that occasion. Being the mistress of the Comte de +Soulanges and Martial de la Roche-Hugon, Madame de Vaudremont had +received from the former a ring taken from his wife's jewel-casket; +she made a present of it to Martial, who happening to be wearing it on +the evening of the Gondreville ball, gave it to Madame de Soulanges, +without once suspecting that he was restoring it to its lawful owner. +Madame de Vaudremont's death followed shortly after this incident, +which brought about the reconciliation of the Soulanges couple, urged +by the Duchesse de Lansac; the countess perished in the famous fire +that broke out at the Austrian embassy during the party given on the +occasion of the wedding of the Emperor and the Arch-duchess Marie- +Louise. [Domestic Peace.] The embassy was located on the part of the +rue de la Chaussee-d'Antin (at that time rue du Mont-Blanc) comprised +between the rue de la Victoire and the rue Saint-Lazare. + +VAUMERLAND (Baronne de), a friend of Madame de l'Ambermesnil's, +boarded with one of Madame Vauquer's rivals in the Marais, and +intended, as soon as her term expired, to become a patron of the +establishment on the rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve; at least, so Madame +de l'Ambermesnil declared. [Father Goriot.] + +VAUQUELIN (Nicolas-Louis), a famous chemist, and a member of the +Institute; born at Saint-Andre d'Hebertot, Calvadts, in 1763, died in +1829; son of a peasant; praised by Fourcroy; in turn, pharmacist in +Paris, mine-inspector, professor at the School of Pharmacy, the School +of Medicine, the Jardin des Plantes, and the College de France. He +gave Cesar Birotteau the formula for a cosmetic for the hands, that +the perfumer called "la double pate des Sultanes," and, being +consulted by him on the subject of "cephalic oil," he denied the +possibility of restoring a suit of hair. Nicolas Vauquelin was invited +to the perfumer's great ball, given on December 17, 1818. In +recognition of the good advice received from the scientist, Cesar +Birotteau offered him a proof, before the time of printing, on China +paper, of Muller's engraving of the Dresden Virgin, which proof had +been found in Germany after two years of searching, and cost fifteen +hundred francs. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +VAUQUER (Madame), a widow, born Conflans about 1767. She claimed to +have lost a brilliant position through a series of misfortunes, which, +by the way, she never detailed specifically. For a long time she kept +a bourgeois boarding-house on the rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve (now rue +Tournefort), near the rue de l'Arbalete. In 1819-1820, Madame Vauquer, +a short, stout, languid woman, but rather well preserved in spite of +being a little faded, had Horace Bianchon as table-boarder, and +furnished with board and lodging the following: on the first floor of +her house, Madame Couture and Mademoiselle Victorine Taillefer; on the +second floor, Poiret, the elder, and Jacques Collin; on the third, +Christine-Michelle Michonneau--afterwards Madame Poiret,--Joachim +Goriot; whom she looked upon as a possible husband for herself, and +Eugene de Rastignac. She was deserted by her various boarders shortly +after the arrest of Jacques Collin. [Father Goriot.] + +VAUREMONT (Princesse de), one of the most prominent figures of the +eighteenth century; grandmother of Madame Marie Gaston, who adored +her; she died in 1817, the year of Madame de Stael's death, in a +mansion belonging to the Chaulieus and situated near the Boulevard des +Invalides. Madame de Vauremont, at the time of her death, was +occupying a suite of apartments in which she was shortly afterwards +succeeded by Louise de Chaulieu (Madame Marie Gaston). Talleyrand, an +intimate friend of the princess was executor of her will. [Letters of +Two Brides.] + +VAUTHIER, commonly called Vieux-Chene, former servant of the famous +Longuy; hostler at the Ecu de France, Mortagne, in 1809; was +implicated in the affair of the Chauffeurs, and condemned to twenty +years of penal servitude, but was afterwards pardoned by the Emperor. +During the Restoration he was murdered in the streets of Paris by an +obscure and devoted countryman of the Chevalier du Vissard. [The Seamy +Side of History.] + +VAUTHIER (Madame), originally, in 1809, kitchen-girl in the household +of the Prince de Wissembourg, on the rue Louis-le-Grand; then cook to +Barbet, the publisher, owner of a lodging-house on the Boulevard +Montparnasse; still later, about 1833, she managed this establishment +for him, serving the same time as door-keeper in the house mentioned. +At that time Madame Vauthier employed Nepomucene and Felicite for the +house-work; as lodgers she had Bourlac, Vanda and Auguste Mergi, and +Godefroid. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +VAUTRIN,[*] the most famous of Jacques Collin's assumed names. + +[*] On March 14, 1840, a Parisian theatre, the Porte-Saint-Martin, + presented a play in which the famous convict was a principal + character. Although Frederic Lemaitre took the leading role, the + play was presented only once. In April, 1868, however, the Ambigu- + Comique revived it, with Frederic Lemaitre again in the leading + role. + +VAUVINET, born about 1817, a money-lender of Paris, was of the elegant +modern type, altogether different from Chaboisseau-Gobseck; he made +the Boulevard des Italiens the centre of his operations; was a +creditor of the Baron Hulot, first in the sum of seventy thousand +francs; and then in an additional sum of forty thousand, really lent +by Nucingen. [Cousin Betty.] In 1845, Leon de Lora and J.-J. Bixiou +called S.-P. Gazonal's attention to him. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +VAVASSEUR, clerk in the Treasury Department, during the Empire, in +Clergeot's division. He was succeeded by E.-L.-L.-E.-Cochin. [The +Government Clerks.] + +VEDIE (La), born in 1756, a homely spinster, her face being pitted +with small-pox; a relative of La Cognette, a distinguished cook; on +the recommendation of Flore Brazier and Maxence Gilet, she was +employed as cook by J.-J. Rouget, after the death of a curate, whom +she had served long, and who died without leaving her anything. She +was to receive a pension of three hundred livres a year, after ten +years of competent, faithful and loyal service. [A Bachelor's +Establishment.] + +VENDRAMINI (Marco), whose name is also pronounced Vendramin;[*] +probably a descendant of the last Doge of Venice; brother of Bianca +Sagredo, born Vendramini; a Venetian patriot; an intimate friend of +Memmi-Cane, Prince of Varese. In the intoxication caused by opium, his +great resource about 1820, Marco Vendramini dreamed that his dear +city, then under Austrian dominion, was free and powerful once more. +He talked with Memmi of the Venice of his dreams, and of the famous +Procurator Florain, now in the modern Greek, now in their native +tongue; sometimes as they walked together, sometimes before La Vulpato +and the Cataneos, during a presentation of "Semiramide," "Il +Barbiere," or "Moses," as interpreted by La Tinti and Genovese. +Vendramini died from excessive use of opium, at quite an early age, +during the reign of Louis XVIII., and was greatly mourned by his +friends. [Facino Cane. Massimilla Doni.] + +[*] The palace in Venice formerly owned by the Duchesse de Berri and + the Comte de Chambord, in which Wagner, the musician, died, is + even now called the Vendramin Palace. It is on the Grand-Canal, + quite near the Justiniani Palace (now the Hotel de-l'Europe.) + +VERGNIAUD (Louis), who made the Egyptian campaign with Hyacinthe +Chabert and Luigi Porta, was quartermaster of hussars when he left the +service. During the Restoration he was, in turn, cow-keeper on the rue +du Petit-Banquier, keeper of a livery-stable, and cabman. As cow- +keeper, Vergniaud, having a wife and three sons, being in debt to +Grados, and giving too generously to Chabert, ended in insolvency; +even then he aided Luigi Porta, again in trouble, and was his witness +when that Corsican married Mademoiselle di Piombo. Louis Vergniaud, +being a party to the conspiracies against Louis XVIII., was imprisoned +for his share in these crimes. [Colonel Chabert. The Vendetta.] + +VERMANTON, a cynic philosopher, and a habitue of Madame Schontz's +salon, between 1835 and 1840, when she was keeping house with Arthur +de Rochefide. [Beatrix.] + +VERMICHEL, common nick-name of Vert (Michel-Jean-Jerome.) + +VERMUT, a druggist of Soulanges, in Bourgogne, during the Restoration; +brother-in-law of Sarcus, the Soulanges justice of the peace, who had +married his eldest sister. Though quite a distinguished chemist, +Vermut was the object of the pleasantries and contemptuous remarks of +the Soudry salon, especially at the hands of the Gourdons. Despite the +slight esteem "of the first society of Soulanges," Vermut gave +evidence of ability, when he disturbed Madame Pigeron by finding +traces of poison in the body of her dead husband. [The Peasantry.] + +VERMUT (Madame), wife of the preceding; life and soul of the salon of +Madame Soudry, who, however, declared that she was "bad form," and +reproached her for flirting with Gourdon, author of "La Bilboqueide." +[The Peasantry.] + +VERNAL (Abbe), one of the four Vendean leaders, in 1799, when +Montauran was opposing Hulot, the other three being Chatillon, +Suzannet, and the Comte de Fontaine. [The Chouans.] + +VERNET (Joseph), born in 1714, died in 1789, a famous French artist; +patronized the Cat and Racket, a drapery establishment on the rue +Saint-Denis, of which M. Guillaume, father-in-law of Sommervieux, was +proprietor. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] + +VERNEUIL (Marquis de), member of a historic family, and probably an +ancestor of the Verneuils of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. +In 1591, he was on intimate terms, with the Norman Comte d'Herouville, +ancestor of the keeper of Josepha Mirah, star of the Royal Academy of +Music, about 1838. The relations between the two families continued +unbroken through the centuries. [The Hated Son.] + +VERNEUIL (Victor-Amedee, Duc de), probably descended from the +preceding, died before the Revolution; by Mademoiselle Blanche de +Casteran, he had a daughter, Marie-Nathalie--afterwards Madame +Alphonse de Montauran. He acknowledged his natural daughter at the +close of his life, and almost disinherited his legitimate son in her +favor. [The Chouans.] + +VERNEUIL (Mademoiselle de), probably a relative of the preceding; +sister of the Prince de Loudon, the Vendean cavalry general; she went +to Mans to save her brother, and died on the scaffold in 1793, after +the Savenay affair. [The Chouans.] + +VERNEUIL (Duc de), son of the Duc Victor-Amedee de Verneuil, and +brother of Madame Alphonse de Montauran, with whom he had a lawsuit +over the inheritance left by their father; during the Restoration he +lived in the town of Alencon and was on intimate terms with the +D'Esgrignons of that place. He took Victurnien d'Esgrignon under his +protection, and introduced him to Louis XVIII. [The Chouans. +Jealousies of a Country Town.] + +VERNEUIL (Duc de), of the family of the preceding, was present at the +entertainment given by Josepha Mirah, the mistress of the Duc +d'Herouville, when she opened her sumptuous suite of apartments on the +rue de la Ville-l'Eveque, Paris, in Louis Philippe's reign. [Cousin +Betty.] + +VERNEUIL (Duc de), a good-natured great nobleman, son-in-law of a +wealthy first president of a royal court, who died in 1800; he was the +father of four children, among them being Mademoiselle Laure and the +Prince Gaspard de Loudon; owned the historic chateau of Rosembray, in +the vicinity of Havre, and close by the forest of Brotonne; there he +received, one day in October, 1829, the Mignon de la Basties, +accompanied by the Herouvilles, Canalis, and Ernest de la Briere, all +of whom were at that time desirous to marry Modeste Mignon, soon to +become Madame de la Briere de la Bastie. [Modeste Mignon.] + +VERNEUIL (Duchesse Hortense de), wife of the preceding, a haughty and +pious personage, daughter of a wealthy first president of a royal +court, who died in 1800. Of her four children, only two lived--her +daughter Laure and the Prince Gaspard de Loudon; she was on very +intimate terms with the Herouvilles, and especially with the elderly +Mademoiselle d'Herouville, and received a visit from them, one day in +October, 1829, with the Mignon de la Basties, followed by Melchior de +Canalis and Ernest de la Briere. [Modeste Mignon.] + +VERNEUIL (Laure de), daughter of the preceding couple. At the +entertainment at Rosembray in October, 1829, Eleonore de Chaulieu gave +her advice on the subject of tapestry and embroidery. [Modeste +Mignon.] + +VERNEUIL (Duchesse de), sister of the Prince de Blamont-Chauvry; an +intimate friend of the Duchesse de Bourbon, sorely tried by the +disasters of the Revolution; aunt and, in a way, mother by adoption of +Blanche-Henriette de Mortsauf (born Lenoncourt). She belonged to a +society of which Saint-Martin was the soul. The Duchesse de Verneuil, +who owned the Clochegourde estate in Touraine, gave it, in her +lifetime, to Madame de Mortsauf, reserving for herself only one room +of the mansion. Madame de Verneuil died in the early part of the +nineteenth century. [The Lily of the Valley.] + +VERNEUIL (Marie-Nathalie de).[*] (See Montauran, Marquise Alphonse +de.) + +[*] On June 23, 1837, under the title of /Le Gars/, the Ambigu-Comique + presented a drama of Antony Beraud's in five acts and six + tableaux, which was a modified reproduction of the adventures of + Marie-Nathalie de Montauran. + +VERNIER (Baron), intendant-general, under obligations to Hector Hulot +d'Ervy, whom he met, in 1843, at the Ambigu theatre, as escort of a +gloriously handsome woman. He afterwards received a visit from the +Baronne Adeline Hulot, coming for information. [Cousin Betty.] + +VERNIER, formerly a dyer, who lived on his income at Vouvray +(Touraine), about 1821; a cunning countryman, father of a marriageable +daughter named Claire; was challenged by Felix Gaudissart in 1831, for +having played a practical joke on that illustrious traveling merchant, +and fought a bloodless pistol duel. [Gaudissart the Great.] + +VERNIER (Madame), wife of the preceding, a stout little woman, of +robust health; a friend of Madame Margaritis; she gladly contributed +her share to the mystification of Gaudissart as conceived by her +husband. [Gaudissart the Great.] + +VERNISSET (Victore de), a poet of the "Angelic School," at the head of +which stood Canalis, the academician; a contemporary of Beranger, +Delavigne, Lamartine, Lousteau, Nathan, Vigny, Hugo, Barbier, Marie +Gaston and Gautier, he moved in various Parisian circles; he was seen +at the Brothers of Consolation on the rue Chanoinesse, and he received +pecuniary assistance from the Baronne de la Chanterie, president of +the above-mentioned association; he was to be found, with Heloise +Brisetout, on the rue Chauchat, at the time of her house-warming in +the apartments in which she succeeded Josepha Mirah; there he met +J.-J. Bixiou, Leon de Lora, Etienne Lousteau and Stidmann; he fell +madly in love with Madame Schontz. He was invited to the marriage of +Celestin Crevel and Valerie Marneffe. [The Seamy Side of History. +Beatrix. Cousin Betty.] + +VERNON (Marechal) father of the Duc de Vissembourg and the Prince +Chiavari. [Beatrix.] + +VERNOU (Felicien), a Parisian journalist. He used his influence in +starting Marie Godeschal, usually called Mariette, at the Porte Saint- +Martin. The husband of an ugly, vulgar, and crabbed woman, he had by +her children that were by no means welcome. He lived in wretched +lodgings on the rue Mandar, when Lucien de Rubempre was presented to +him. Vernou was a caustic critic on the side of the oppositon. The +uncongeniality of his domestic life embittered his character and his +genius. He was a finished specimen of the envious man, and pursued +Lucien de Rubempre with an alert and malicious jealousy. [A Bachelor's +Establishment. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. +Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] In 1834, Blondet recommended him to +Nathan as a "Handy Andy" for a newspaper. [A Daughter of Eve.] +Celestin Crevel invited him to his marriage with Valerie Marneffe. +[Cousin Betty.] + +VERNOU (Madame Felicien), wife of the preceding, whose vulgarity was +one of the causes of her husband's bitterness, revealed herself in her +true light to Lucien de Rubempre, when she mentioned a certain Madame +Mahoudeau as one of her friends. [A Distinguished Provincial at +Paris.] + +VERT (Michel-Jean-Jerome), nick-named Vermichel, formerly violinist in +the Bourgogne regiment, was occupied, during the Restoration, with the +various callings of fiddler, door-keeper of the Hotel de Ville, drum- +beater of Soulanges, jailer of the local prison, and finally bailiff's +deputy in the service of Brunet. He was intimate friend of Fourchon, +with whom he was in the habit of getting on sprees, and whose hatred +for the Montcornets, owners of Aigues, he shared. [The Peasantry.] + +VERT (Madame Michel), wife of the preceding, commonly called +Vermichel, as was the case with her husband; a mustached virago, a +metre in width, and of two hundred and forty pounds weight, but active +in spite of this; she ruled her husband absolutely. [The Peasantry.] + +VERVELLE (Antenor), an eccentric bourgeois of Paris, made his fortune +in the cork business. Retiring from the trade, Vervelle became, in his +own way, an amateur artist; wished to form a gallery of paintings, and +believed that he was collecting Flemish specimens, works of Tenier, +Metzu, and Rembrandt; employed Elie Magus to form the collection, and, +with that Jew as go-between, married his daughter Virginie to Pierre +Grassou. Vervelle, at that time, was living in a house of his own on +the rue Boucherat, a part of the rue Saint-Louis (now rue de Turenne), +near the rue Charlot. He also owned a cottage at Ville-d'Avray, in +which the famous Flemish collection was stored--pictures really +painted by Pierre Grassou. [Pierre Grassou.] + +VERVELLE (Madame Antenor), wife of the preceding, gladly accepted +Pierre Grassou for a son-in-law, as soon as she found out that Maitre +Cardot was his notary. Madame Vervelle, however, was horrified at the +idea of Joseph Bridau's bursting in Pierre's studio, and "touching up" +the portrait of Mademoiselle Virginie, afterwards Madame Grassou. +[Pierre Grassou.] + +VERVELLE (Virginie). (See Grassou, Madame Pierre.) + +VEZE (Abbe de), a priest of Mortagne, during the Empire, administered +the last sacrament to Madame Bryond des Tours-Minieres just before her +execution in 1810; he was afterwards one of the Brothers of +Consolation, installed in the home of the Baronne de la Chanterie on +the rue Chanoinesse, Paris. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +VIALLET, an excellent gendarme, appointed brigadier at Soulanges, +Bourgogne; replaced Soudry, retired. [The Peasantry.] + +VICTOIRE, in 1819, a servant of Charles Claparon, a banker on the rue +de Provence, Paris; "a real Leonarde bedizened like a fish-huckster." +[Cesar Birotteau.] + +VICTOR, otherwise known as the Parisian, a mysterious personage who +lived in marital relations with the Marquis d'Aiglemont's eldest +daughter, and made her the mother of several children. Victor, while +dodging the pursuit of the police, who were on his track for the +murder of Mauny, had found refuge for two hours in Versailles, on +Christmas night of one of the last years of the Restoration, in a +house near the Barriere de Montreuil (57, Avenue de Paris), with the +parents of Helene d'Aiglemont, the last named of whom fled with him. +During Louis Philippe's reign, Victor was captain of the "Othello," a +Colombian pirate, and lived very happily with his family--Mademoiselle +d'Aiglemont and the children he had by her. He met with General +d'Aiglemont, his mistress's father, who was at that time a passenger +on board the "Saint-Ferdinand," and saved his life. Victor perished at +sea in a shipwreck. [A Woman of Thirty.] + +VICTORINE, a celebrated seamstress of Paris, had among her customers +the Duchesse Cataneo, Louise de Chaulieu, and, probably, Madame de +Bargeton. [Massimilla Doni. Lost Illusions. Letters of Two Brides.] +Her successors assumed and handed down her name; Victorine IV.'s +"intelligent scissors" were praised in the latter part of Louis +Philippe's reign, when Fritot sold Mistress Noswell the Selim shawl. +[Gaudissart II.] + +VIDAL & PORCHON, book-sellers on commission, Quai des Augustins, +Paris, in 1821. Lucien de Rubempre had an opportunity to judge of +their method of doing business, when his "Archer of Charles IX." and a +volume of poems were brutally refused by them. Vidal & Porchon had in +stock at that time the works of Keratry, Arlincourt, and Victor +Ducange. Vidal was a stout, blunt man, who traveled for the firm. +Porchon, colder and more diplomatic, seemed to have special charge of +negotiations. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] + +VIEN (Joseph-Marie), a celebrated painter, born at Montpellier in +1716, died at Rome in 1809. In 1758, with Allegrain and Loutherbourg, +he aided his friend Sarrasine in abducting Zambinella, with a view to +taking him to the apartments of the sculptor, who was madly in love +with the eunuch, believing him to be a woman. At a later period, Vien +made for Madame de Lantry a copy of the statue modeled by Sarrasine +after Zambinella, and it was from this picture of Vien's that Girodet, +the signer of "Endymion," received his inspiration. This statue of +Sarrasine's was, long afterwards, reproduced by the sculptor Dorlange- +Sallenauve. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] + +VIEUX-CHAPEAU, a soldier in the Seventy-second demi-brigade; was +killed in an engagement with the Chouans, in September, 1799. [The +Chouans.] + +VIGNEAU, of the commune of Isere, of which Benassis was creator, so to +speak; he courageously took charge of an abandoned tile-factory, made +a successful business of it, and lived with his family around him, +which consisted of his mother, his mother-in-law, and his wife, who +had formerly been in the service of the Graviers of Grenoble. [The +Country Doctor.] + +VIGNEAU (Madame), wife of the preceding, a perfect housekeeper; she +received Genestas cordially, when brought to call by Benassis; Madame +Vigneau was then on the point of becoming a mother. [The Country +Doctor.] + +VIGNOL (See Bouffe.) + +VIGNON (Claude), a French critic, born in 1799, brought a remarkable +power of analysis to the study of all questions of art, literature, +philosophy, or political problems. A clear, deep, and unerring judge +of men, a strong psychologist, he was famous in Paris as early as +1821, and was present, at the apartments of Florine, then acting at +the Panorama-Dramatique, at the supper following the presentation of +the "Alcade dans l'Embarras," and had a brilliant conversation on the +subject of the press with Emile Blondet, in the presence of a German +diplomatist. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] In 1834, Claude +Vignon was entrusted with the haute critique of the newspaper founded +by Raoul Nathan. [A Daughter of Eve.] For quite a period Vignon had +Felicite des Touches (Camille Maupin) as his mistress. In 1836, he +brought her back from Italy, accompanied by Lora, when he heard the +story of the domestic difficulties of the Bauvans from Maurice de +l'Hostal, French consul at Genoa. [Honorine.] Again, in 1836, at Les +Touches, Vignon, on the point of giving up Camille Maupin, delivered +to his former mistress a veritable dissertation, of surprising +insight, on the subject of the heart, with reference to Calyste du +Guenic, Gennaro Conti, and Beatrix de Rochefide. Such intimate +knowledge of the human heart had gradually saddened and wearied him; +he sought relief for his ennui in debauchery; he paid attention to La +Schontz, really a courtesan of superior stamp, and moulded her. +[Beatrix.] Afterwards, he became ambitious, and was secretary to +Cottin de Wissembourg, minister of war; this position brought him into +contact with Valerie Marneffe, whom he secretly loved; he, Stidmann, +Steinbock, and Massol, were witnesses of her marriage to Crevel, this +being the second time she had been led to the altar. He was counted +among the habitues of Valerie's salon, when "Jean-Jacques Bixiou was +going . . . to cozen Lisbeth Fischer." [Cousin Betty.] He rallied to +the support of Louis Philippe, and as editor of the Journal des +Debats, and master of requests in the Council of State, he gave his +attention to the lawsuit pending between S.-P. Gazonal and the prefect +of the Pyrenees-Orientales; a position as librarian, a chair at the +Sorbonne, and the decoration bore further testimony to the favor that +he enjoyed. [The Unconscious Humorists.] Vignon's reputation remained +undiminished, and, even in our own time, Madame Noemi Rouvier, +sculptor and novelist, signs the critic's name to her works. + +VIGOR, manager of the post-station at Ville-aux-Fayes, during the +Restoration; officer in the National Guard of that sub-prefecture of +Bourgogne; brother-in-law of Leclercq, the banker, whose sister he had +married. [The Peasantry.] + +VIGOR, son of the preceding, and, like the rest of his family, +interested in protecting Francois Gaubertin from Montcornet; he was +deputy judge of the court of Ville-aux-Fayes in 1823. [The Peasantry.] + +VILLEMOT, head-clerk of Tabareau, the bailiff, was entrusted, in +April, 1845, with the work of superintending the details of the +interment of Sylvain Pons, and also to look after the interests of +Schmucke, who had been appointed residuary legatee by the deceased. +Villemot was entirely under the influence of Fraisier, business agent +of the Camusot de Marvilles. [Cousin Pons.] + +VILLENOIX (Salomon de), son of a wealthy Jew named Salomon, who in his +old age had married a Catholic. Brought up in his mother's religion; +he raised the Villenoix estate to a barony. [Louis Lambert.] + +VILLENOIX (Pauline Salomon de), born about 1800; natural daughter of +the preceding. During the Restoration, she was made to feel her +origin. Her character and her superiority made her an object of envy +in her provincial circle. Her meeting with Louis Lambert at Blois was +the turning point in her life. Community of age, country, +disappointments, and pride of spirit brought them in touch--a +reciprocated passion was the result. Mademoiselle Salomon de Villenoix +was going to marry Lambert, when the scholar's terrible mental malady +asserted itself. She was frequently able to avert the sick man's +paroxysms; she nursed him, advised him, and guided him, notably at +Croisic, where at her suggestion Lambert related in letter-form the +tragic misfortunes of the Cambremers, which he had just learned. On +her return to Villenoix, Pauline took her fiance with her where she +noted down and understood his last thoughts, sublime in their +incoherence; he died in her arms, and from that time forth she +considered herself the widow of Louis Lambert, whom she had buried in +one of the islands of the lake park at Villenoix. [Louis Lambert. A +Seaside Tragedy.] Two years later, being sensibly aged, and living in +almost total retirement from the world at the town of Tours, but full +of sympathy for weak mortals, Pauline de Villenoix protected the Abbe +Francois Birotteau, the victim of Troubert's hatred. [The Vicar of +Tours.] + +VILQUIN, the richest ship-owner of Havre, during the Restoration, +purchased the estates of the bankrupt Charles Mignon, with the +exception of a chalet given by Mignon to Dumay; this dwelling, being +in close proximity to the millionaire's superb villa, and being +occupied by the families of Mignon and Dumay, was the despair of +Vilquin, Dumay obstinately refusing to sell it. [Modeste Mignon.] + +VILQUIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, had G.-C. d'Estourny as +lover, previous to his amour with Bettina-Caroline Mignon; by her +husband she had three children, two of whom were girls. The eldest of +these, being richly endowed, was eventually Madame Francisque Althor. +[Modeste Mignon.] + +VIMEUX, in 1824, an unassuming justice of the peace in a department of +the North, rebuked his son Adolphe for the kind of life he was leading +in Paris. [The Government Clerks.] + +VIMEUX (Adolphe), son of the preceding, in 1824, was copyist emeritus +in Xavier Rabourdin's bureau in the Finance Department. A great dandy, +he thought only of his dress, and was satisfied with meagre fare at +the Katcomb's restaurant; he became a debtor of Antoine, the messenger +boy; secretly his ambition was to marry a rich old lady. [The +Government Clerks.] + +VINET had a painful career to start with; a disappointment crossed his +path at the very outset. He had seduced a Mademoiselle de Chargeboeuf, +and he supposed that her parents would acknowledge him as son-in-law, +and endow their daughter richly; so he married her, but her family +disowned her, and he therefore had to rely on himself entirely. As an +attorney at Provins, Vinet made his mark by degrees; as head of the +local opposition, with the aid of Goraud, he succeeded in making use +of Denis Rogron, a wealthy retired merchant, established the "Courrier +de Provins," a Liberalist paper, adroitly defended the Rogrons against +the charge of killing Pierrette Lorrain by slow degrees, was elected +to the Chamber of Deputies about 1830, and became also attorney- +general, and probably minister of justice. [Pierrette. The Member for +Arcis. The Middle Classes. Cousin Pons.] + +VINET (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Chargeboeuf, and therefore +one of the descendants of the "noble family of La Brie, a name derived +from the exploit of a knight in the expedition of Saint-Louis," was +mother of two children, who suffered for her happiness. Absolutely +controlled by her husband, rejected and sacrificed by her family from +the time of her marriage, Madame Vinet scarcely dared in the Rogrons' +salon to speak in defence of Pierrette Lorrain, their victim. +[Pierrette.] + +VINET (Olivier), son of the preceding couple, born in 1816. A +magistrate, like his father, began his career as deputy king's +attorney at Arcis, advanced to the position of king's attorney in the +town of Mantes, and, still further, was deputy king's attorney, but +now in Paris. Supported by his father's influence, and being noted for +his independent raillery, Vinet was dreaded everywhere. Among the +people of Arcis, he mixed only with the little coterie of government +officials, composed of Goulard, Michu, and Marest. [The Member for +Arcis.] Being a rival of Maitre Fraisier in the affections of Madame +Vatinelle of Mantes, he resolved to destroy this contestant in the +race, and so thwarted his career. [Cousin Pons.] At the Thuilliers', +on the rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer, Paris, where he displayed his +usual impertinence, Vinet was an aspirant to the hand of Celeste +Colleville, the heiress, who was eventually Madame Felix Phellion. +[The Middle Classes.] + +VIOLETTE, a husbandman, tenanted in the department of Aube, near +Arcis, the Grouage farm, that was a part of the Gondreville estate, at +the time that Peyrade and Corentin, in accordance with Fouche's +instructions, undertook the singular abduction of Senator Malin de +Gondreville. A miserly and deceitful man, this fellow Violette +secretly aided with Malin de Gondreville and the powers of the day +against Michu, the mysterious agent of the Cinq-Cygne, Hauteserre, and +Simeuse families. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + +VIOLETTE (Jean), a descendant of the preceding; hosier of Arcis in +1837; took in hand Pigoult's business, as successor to Phileas +Beauvisage. In the electoral stir of 1839, Jean Violette seemed to be +entirely at the disposal of the Gondreville faction. [The Member for +Arcis.] + +VIRGINIE, cook in the household of Cesar Birotteau, the perfumer, in +1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] + +VIRGINIE, during the years 1835-1836, lady's maid, on the rue Neuve- +des-Mathurins (at present rue des Mathurins), Paris, to Marie-Eugenie +du Tillet, who was at that time engrossed in righting the imprudent +conduct of Angelique-Marie de Vandenesse. [A Daughter of Eve.] + +VIRGINIE, mistress of a Provencal soldier, who, at a later period, +during Bonaparte's campaign in Egypt, was lost for some time in a +desert, where he lived with a female panther. The jealous mistress was +constantly threatening to stab her lover, and he dubbed her Mignonne, +by antiphrasis; in memory of her he gave the same name to the panther. +[A Passion in the Desert.] + +VIRGINIE, a Parisian milliner, whose hats were praised, for a +consideration, by Andoche Finot in his newspaper in 1821. [A +Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] + +VIRLAZ, a rich furrier of Leipsic, from whom his nephew, Frederic +Brunner, inherited, about the middle of Louis-Philippe's reign. In his +lifetime this Jew, head of the house of Virlaz & Co., had the fortune +of Madame Brunner (first of the name) placed in the coffers of the Al- +Sartchild bank. [Cousin Pons.] + +VISSARD (Marquis du), in memory of his younger brother, the Chevalier +Rifoel du Vissard, was created a peer of France by Louis XVIII., who +entered him as a lieutenant in the Maison-Rouge, and made him a +prefect upon the dissolution of the Maison-Rouge. [The Seamy Side of +History.] + +VISSARD (Charles-Amedee-Louis-Joseph Rifoel, Chevalier du), noble and +headstrong gentleman; played an important part, after 1789, in the +various anti-revolutionary insurrections of western France. In +December, 1799, he was at the Vivetiere, and his impulsiveness was a +contrast with the coolness of Marquis Alphonse de Montauran, also +called Le Gars. [The Chouans.] He took part in the battle of Quiberon, +and, in company with Boislaurier, took a leading part in the uprising +of the Chauffeurs of Mortagne. Several circumstances, indeed, helped +to strengthen his Royalist inclinations. Fergus found in Henriette +Bryond des Tours-Minieres (Contenson, the spy), who secretly betrayed +him. Like his accomplices, Rifoel du Vissard was executed in 1809. At +times during his anti-revolutionary campaigns he assumed the name of +Pierrot. [The Seamy Side of History.] + +VISSEMBOURG (Duc de), son of Marechal Vernon; brother of the Prince de +Chiavari; between 1835 and 1840 presided over a horticultural society, +the vice-president of which was Fabien du Ronceret. [Beatrix.] + +VITAGLIANI, tenor at the Argentina, Rome, when Zambinella took the +soprano parts in 1758. Vitagliani was acquainted with J.-E. Sarrasine. +[Sarrasine.] + +VITAL, born about 1810, a Parisian hatter, who succeeded Finot Pere, +whose store on rue du Coq was very popular about 1845, and deservedly +so, apparently. He amused J.-J. Bixiou and Leon de Lora by his +ridiculous pretensions. They wished him to supply S.-P. Gazonal with +a hat, and he proposed to sell him a hat like that of Lousteau. On +this occasion Vital showed them the head-covering that he had devised +for Claude Vignon, who was undecided in politics. Vital really +pretended to make each hat according to the personality of the person +ordering it. He praised the Prince de Bethune's hat and dreamed of the +time when high hats would go out of style. [The Unconscious +Humorists.] + +VITAL (Madame), wife of the preceding, believed in her husband's +genius and greatness. She was in the store when the hatter received a +call from Bixiou, Lora and Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + +VITEL, born in 1776, Paris justice of the peace in 1845, an +acquaintance of Doctor Poulain; was succeeded by Maitre Fraisier, a +protege of the Camusot de Marvilles. [Cousin Pons.] + +VITELOT, partner of Sonet, the marble-cutter; designed tombstones. He +failed to obtain the contract for monuments to Marsay, the minister, +and to Keller, the officer. It was given to Stidmann. The plans made +by Vitelot having been retouched, were submitted to Wilhelm Schmucke +for the grave of Sylvain Pons, who was buried in Pere-Lachaise. +[Cousin Pons.] + +VITELOT (Madame), wife of the preceding, severely rebuked an agent of +the firm for bringing in as a customer W. Schmucke, heir-contestant to +the Pons property. [Cousin Pons.] + +VIVET (Madeleine), servant to the Camusot de Marvilles; during nearly +twenty-five years was their feminine Maitre-Jacques. She tried in vain +to gain Sylvain Pons for a husband, and thus to become their cousin. +Madeleine Vivet, having failed in her matrimonial attempts, took a +dislike for Pons, and persecuted him in a thousand ways. [Scenes from +a Courtesan's Life. Cousin Pons.] + +VOLFGANG,[*] cashier of Baron du Saint-Empire, F. de Nucingen, when +this well-known Parisian banker of rue Saint-Lazare fell madly in love +with Esther van Gobseck, and when Jacques Falleix's discomfiture +occurred. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] + +[*] He lived on rue de L'Arcade, near rue des Mathurins, Paris. + +VORDAC (Marquise de), born in 1769, mistress of the rich Lord Dudley; +she had by him a son, Henry. To legitimize this child she arranged a +marriage with Marsay, a bankrupt old gentleman of tarnished +reputation. He demanded payment of the interest on a hundred thousand +francs as a reward for his marriage, and he died without having known +his wife. The widow of Marsay became by her second marriage the well- +known Marquise de Vordac. She neglected her duties as mother until +late in life, and paid no attention to Henri de Marsay except to +propose Miss Stevens as a suitable wife for him. [The Thirteen.] + +VULPATO (La), noble Venetian, very frequently present in Fenice; about +1820 tried to interest Emilio Memmi, Prince of Varese, and Massimilla +Doni, Duchesse Cataneo, in each other. [Massimilla Doni.] + +VYDER, anagram formed from d'Ervy, and one of the three names taken +successively by Baron Hector Hulot d'Ervy, after deserting his wife. +He hid under this assumed name, when he became a petition-writer in +Paris, in the lower part of Petite Pologne, opposite rue de la +Pepiniere, on Passage du Soleil, to-day called Galerie de Cherbourg. +[Cousin Betty.] + + + +W + +WADMANN, an Englishman who owned, near the Marville estate in +Normandie, a cottage and pasture-lands, which Madame Camusot de +Marville talked of buying in 1845, when he was about to leave for +England after twenty years' sojourn in France. [Cousin Pons.] + +WAHLENFER or WALHENFER, wealthy German merchant who was murdered at +the "Red Inn," near Andenach, Rhenish Prussia, October, 1799. The deed +was done by Jean-Frederic Taillefer, then a surgeon and under- +assistant-major in the French army, who suffered his comrade, Prosper +Magnan, to be executed for the crime. Wahlenfer was a short, heavy-set +man of rotund appearance, with frank and cordial manners. He was +proprietor of a large pin-manufactory on the outskirts of Neuwied. He +was from Aix-la-Chapelle. Possibly Wahlenfer was an assumed name. [The +Red Inn.] + +WALLENROD-TUSTALL-BARTENSTILD (Baron de), born in 1742, banker at +Frankfort-on-the-Main; married in 1804, his only daughter, Bettina, to +Charles Mignon de la Bastie, then only a lieutenant in the French +army; died in 1814, following some disastrous speculations in cotton. +[Modeste Mignon.] + +WATSCHILDINE, a London firm which did business with F. de Nucingen, +the banker. On a dark autumn evening in 1821, the cashier, Rodolphe +Castanier, was surprised by the satanic John Melmoth, while he was in +the act of forging the name of his employer on some letters of credit +drawn on the Watschildine establishment. [Melmoth Reconciled.] + +WATTEBLED, grocer in Soulanges, Bourgogne, in 1823; father of the +beautiful Madame Plissoud; was in middle class society; kept a store +on the first floor of a house belonging to Soudry, the mayor. [The +Peasantry.] + +WATTEVILLE (Baron de), Besancon gentleman of Swiss descent; last +descendant of the well known Dom Jean de Watteville, the renegade Abbe +of Baumes (1613-1703); small and very thin, rather deficient mentally; +spent his life in a cabinet-maker's establishment "enjoying utter +ignorance"; collected shells and geological specimens; usually in good +humor. After living in the Comte, "like a bug in a rug," in 1815 he +married Clotilde-Louise de Rupt, who domineered over him completely. +As soon as her parents died, about 1819, he lived with her in the +beautiful Rupt house on rue de la Prefecture, a piece of property +which included a large garden extending along the rue du Perron. By +his wife, the Baron de Watteville had one daughter, whom he loved +devotedly, so much, indeed, that he lost all authority over her. M. de +Watteville died in 1836, as a result of his fall into the lake on his +estate of Rouxey, near Besancon. He was buried on an islet in this +same lake, and his wife, making great show of her sorrow, had erected +thereon a Gothic monument of marble like the one to Heloise and +Abelard in the Pere-Lachaise. [Albert Savarus.] + +WATTEVILLE (Baronne de), wife of the preceding, and after his death of +Amedee de Soulas. (See Soulas, Madame A. de.) + +WATTEVILLE (Rosalie de), only daughter of the preceding couple; born +in 1816; a blonde with colorless cheeks and pale-blue eyes; slender +and frail of body; resembled one of Albert Durer's saints. Reared +under her mother's stern oversight, accustomed to the most rigid +religious observances, kept in ignorance of all worldly matters, she +entirely concealed uner her modesty of manner and retiring disposition +her iron character, and her romantic audacity, so like that of her +great-uncle, the Abbe de Watteville; and which was increased by the +resoluteness and pride of the Rupt blood; although destined to marry +Amedee de Soulas, "la fleur de pois"[*] of Besancon, she became +enamoured of the attorney, Albert Savaron de Savarus. By successfully +carrying out her schemes she separated him from the Duchesse +d'Argaiolo, although these two were mutually in love--a separation +which caused Savarus great despair. He never knew of Rosalie's +affection for him, and withdrew to the Grande Chartreuse. Mademoiselle +de Watteville then lived for some time in Paris with her mother, who +was then the wife of Amedee de Soulas. She tried to see the Duchesse +d'Argaiolo, who, believing Savarus faithless, had given her hand to +the Duc de Rhetore. In February, 1838, on meeting her at a charity +ball given for the benefit of the former civil pensioners, Rosalie +made an appointment with her for the Opera ball, when she told her +former rival the secret of her manoeuvres against Madame de Rhetore, +and of her conduct as regards the attorney. Mademoiselle de Watteville +retired finally to Rouxey--a place which she left, only to take a trip +in 1841 on an unknown mission, from which she came back seriously +crippled, having lost an arm and a leg in a boiler explosion on a +steamboat. Henceforth she devoted her life to the exercises of +religion, and left her retreat no more. [Albert Savarus.] + +[*] Title of one of the first editions of "A Marriage Settlement." + +WERBRUST, associated with Palma, Parisian discounter on rue Saint- +Denis and rue Saint-Martin, during the Restoration; knew the story of +the glory and decay of Cesar Birotteau, the perfumer, who was mayor of +the second district; was the friend of the banker, Jean-Baptiste +d'Aldrigger, at whose burial he was present; carried on business with +the Baron de Nucingen, making a shrewd speculation when the latter +settled for the third time with his creditors in 1836. [Cesar +Birotteau. The Firm of Nucingen.] + +WERCHAUFFEN (Baron de), one of Schirmer's aliases. (See Schirmer.) + +WIERZCHOWNIA (Adam de), Polish gentleman, who, after the last division +of Poland, found refuge in Sweden, where he sought consolation in the +study of chemistry, a study for which he had always felt a strong +liking. Poverty compelled him to give up his study, and he joined the +French army. In 1809, while on the way to Douai, he was quartered for +one night with M. Balthazar Claes. During a conversation with his +host, he explained to him his ideas on the subject of "identity of +matter" and the absolute, thus bringing misfortune on a whole family, +for from that moment Balthazar Claes devoted time and money to this +quest of the absolute. Adam de Wierzchownia, while dying at Dresden, +in 1812, of a wound received during the last wars, wrote a final +letter to Balthazar Claes, informing him of the different thoughts +relative to the search in question, which had been in his mind since +their first meeting. By this writing, he increased the misfortunes of +the Claes family. Adam de Wierzchownia had an angular wasted +countenance, large head which was bald, eyes like tongues of fire, a +large mustache. His calmness of manner frightened Madame Balthazar +Claes.[*] [The Quest of the Absolute.] + +[*] Under the title of /Gold, or the Dream of a Savant/, there is a + play by Bayard and Bieville, which presents the misfortunes of the + Claes. This was given at the Gymnase, November 11, 1837, by M. + Bouffe and Madame E. Sauvage, both of whom are still alive. + +WILLEMSENS (Marie-Augusta). (See Brandon,[*] Comtesse de.) + +[*] Lady Brandon was the mother of Louis Gaston and Marie Gaston. + +WIMPHEN (De), married a friend of Madame d'Aiglemont's childhood. [A +Woman of Thirty.] + +WIMPHEN (Madame Louisa de), childhood friend of Madame Julie +d'Aiglemont in school at Ecouen. In 1814, Madame d'Aiglemont wrote to +the companion, who was then on the point of marrying, of her own +disillusionment, and confidentially advised her to remain single. This +letter, however, was not sent, for the Comtesse de Listomere-Landon, +aunt of Julie d'Aiglemont by marriage, having found out about it, +discouraged such an impropriety on the part of her niece. Unlike her +friend, Madame de Wimphen married happily. She retained the confidence +of Madame d'Aiglemont, and was present, indeed, at the important +interview between Julie and Lord Grenville. After M. de Wimphen's +arrival to accompany his wife home, these two lovers were left alone, +until the unexpected arrival of M. d'Aiglemont made it necessary for +Lord Grenville to conceal himself. The Englishman died shortly after +this as a result of the night's exposure, when he was obliged to stay +in the cold on the outside of a window-sill. This happened also +immediately after his fingers were bruised by a rapidly closed door. +[A Woman of Thirty.] + +WIRTH, valet of the banker, J.-B. d'Aldrigger; remained in the service +of Mesdames d'Aldrigger, mother and daughters, after the death of the +head of the family. He showed them the same devotion, of which he had +often given proof. Wirth was a kind of Alsatian Caleb or Gaspard, aged +and serious, but with much of the cunning mingled with his simple +nature. Seeing in Godefroid de Beaudenord a good husband for Isaure +d'Aldrigger, he was able to entrap him easily, and thus was partly +responsible for their marriage. [The Firm of Nucingen.] + +WISCH (Johann). Fictitious name given in a newspaper for Johann +Fischer, when he had been accused of peculation. [Cousin Betty.] + +WISSEMBOURG (Prince de), one of the titles of Marechal Cottin, the Duc +d'Orfano. [Cousin Betty.] + +WITSCHNAU. (See Gaudin.) + + + +X + +XIMEUSE, fief situated in Lorraine; original spelling of the name +Simeuse, which came to to be written with an S on account of its +pronunciation. [The Gondreville Mystery.] + + + +Y + +YSEMBOURG (Prince d'), marshal of France, the Conde of the Republic. +Madame Nourrisson, his confidential servant, looked upon him as a +"simpleton," because he gave two thousand francs to one of the most +renowned countesses of the Imperial Court, who came to him one day, +with streaming eyes, begging him to give her the assistance upon which +her children's life depended. She soon spent the money for a robe, +which she needed to wear so as to be dressed stylishly at an embassy +ball. This story was told by Madame Nourrisson, in 1845, to Leon de +Lora, Bixiou, and Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] + + + +Z + +ZAMBINELLA, a eunuch, who sang at the Theatre Argentina, Rome, the +leading soprano parts; he was very beautiful. Sarassine, a French +sculptor, believing him to be a woman, became enamored of him, and +used him as a model for an excellent statue of Adonis, which may still +be seen at the Musee d'Albani, and which Dorlange-Sallenauve copied +nearly a century later. When he was over eighty years old and very +wealthy, Zambinella lived, under the Restoration, with his niece, who +was wife of the mysterious Lanty. While residing with the Lantys +Zambinella died in Rome, 1830. The early life of Zambinella was +unknown to the Parisian world. A mesmerist believed the old man, who +was a sort of traveling mummy, to be the famous Balsamo, also known as +Cagliostro, while the Bailli de Ferette took him to be the Comte de +Saint-Germain. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] + +ZARNOWICKI (Roman[*]), Polish general who, as a refugee in Paris, +lived on the ground floor of the little two-story house on rue de +Marbeuf, of which Doctor Halpersohn occupied the other floor in 1836. +[The Seamy Side of History.] + +[*] Probably a given name. + + + +NOTE. + +The /Repertory of the Comedie Humaine/, as the reader can see for +himself, should include only those episodes introducing characters +inter-related and continually recurring. Consequently, the stories +entitled /The Exiles/, /About Catherine de Medici/, /Maitre +Cornelius/, /The Unknown Masterpiece/, /The Elixir of Life/, /Christ +in Flanders/, which antedate the eighteenth century, and /Seraphita/, +which deals with the supernatural, are omitted, together with the +/Analytical Studies/. But /The Hated Son/ furnishes some indispensable +information concerning a few biographies. The /Dramas/ are outside the +action of the /Comedie/, so contribute no names. + +According to Theophile Gautier, /The Comedie Humaine/ embraces two +thousand characters. His reckoning is nearly exact; but as a result of +cross-references, surnames, assumed names and the like, that number is +far exceeded in this work, which, nevertheless, omits many characters +outside the action, as: Chevet, Decamps, Delacroix, Finot Sr., the +child of Calyste and Sabine du Guenic, Noemi Magus, Meyerbeer, +Herbaut, Houbigant, Tanrade, Mousqueton, Arnal, Barrot, Bonald, +Berryer, Gautier, Gozlan, Hugo, Hyacinthe, Lafont, Lamartine, +Lassailly, F. Lemaitre, Charles X., Louis Philippe, Odry, Talma, +Thiers, Villele, Rossini, Rousseau, Mlle. Dejazet, Mlle. Georges, etc. + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg Etext of Repertory of the Comedie Humaine Pt 1 + diff --git a/old/2rthc10.zip b/old/2rthc10.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..6bf9eca --- /dev/null +++ b/old/2rthc10.zip |