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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Sex, by Henry Stanton
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Sex
+       Avoided subjects Discussed in Plain English
+
+Author: Henry Stanton
+
+Release Date: December 2, 2007 [EBook #23680]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SEX ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Irma Spehar and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This book was
+produced from scanned images of public domain material
+from the Google Print project.)
+
+
+
+
+
+                                  SEX
+
+              AVOIDED SUBJECTS DISCUSSED IN PLAIN ENGLISH
+
+                                 _By_
+
+                             HENRY STANTON
+
+                            [Illustration]
+
+                      SOCIAL CULTURE PUBLICATIONS
+                    151 FIFTH AVENUE   ·   NEW YORK
+
+                            Copyright, 1922
+                      SOCIAL CULTURE PUBLICATIONS
+                       MANUFACTURED IN U. S. A.
+
+
+
+
+                               CONTENTS
+
+
+                                                            PAGE
+
+   I. SEX                                                     5
+
+  II. THE TRANSITION FROM CELL TO HUMAN BEING                12
+
+ III. SEX IN MALE CHILDHOOD                                  20
+
+  IV. SEX IN FEMALE CHILDHOOD                                26
+
+   V. SEX IN THE ADOLESCENT MALE                             30
+
+  VI. SEX IN THE ADOLESCENT FEMALE                           35
+
+ VII. SEX IN THE MARRIAGE RELATION (THE HUSBAND)             43
+
+VIII. SEX IN THE MARRIAGE RELATION (THE WIFE)                45
+
+  IX. SEX DISEASES                                           53
+
+   X. LOVE AND SEX                                           57
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER I
+
+                                  SEX
+
+
+The happiness of all human beings, men and women, depends largely on
+their rational solution of the sexual problem. Sex and the part it
+plays in human life cannot be ignored. In the case of animals sex
+plays a simpler and less complex rôle. It is a purely natural and
+instinctive function whose underlying purpose is the perpetuation of
+the species. It is not complicated by the many incidental phenomena
+which result, in man's case, from psychologic, economic, moral and
+religious causes. Climate, social conditions, individual modes of life
+and work, alcohol, wealth and poverty, and other factors affect sexual
+activity in human beings.
+
+Sexual love, which is practically unknown to the animals, is a special
+development of the sex urge in the human soul. The deeper purpose of
+the sex function in human beings, likewise, is procreation, the
+reproduction of species.
+
+The average man, woman and child should know the essential sex facts
+in order to be able to deal with the sex problems of life. Of late
+years there has been a greater diffusion of such knowledge. To a large
+extent, however, children and adolescents are still taught to look on
+all that pertains to sex as something shameful and immodest, something
+not to be discussed. Sex is an "Avoided Subject."
+
+This is fundamentally wrong. Sex affects the very root of all human
+life. Its activities are not obscene, but Nature's own means to
+certain legitimate ends. The sex functions, when properly controlled
+and led into the proper channels, are a most essential and legitimate
+form of physical self-expression. The veil of secrecy with which they
+are so often shrouded tends to create an altogether false impression
+regarding them. This discussion of these "Avoided Subjects," in "Plain
+English," is intended to give the salient facts regarding sex in a
+direct, straightforward manner, bearing in mind the true purpose of
+normal sex activities.
+
+The more we know of the facts of sex, the right and normal part sex
+activities play in life, and all that tends to abuse and degrade them,
+the better able we will be to make sex a factor for happiness in our
+own lives and that of our descendants. Mankind, for its own general
+good, must desire that reproduction--the real purpose of every sexual
+function--occur in such a way as to perpetuate its own best physical
+and mental qualities.
+
+
+                       THE LAW OF PHYSICAL LIFE
+
+It is a universal rule of physical life that every individual being
+undergoes a development which we know as its individual life and
+which, so far as its physical substance is concerned, ends with death.
+Death is the destruction of the greater part of this individual
+organism which, when death ensues, once more becomes lifeless matter.
+Only small portions of this matter, the germ cells, continue to live
+under certain conditions which nature has fixed.
+
+The germ cell--as has been established by the microscope--is the tiny
+cell which in the lowest living organisms as well as in man himself,
+forms the unit of physical development. Yet even this tiny cell is
+already a highly organized and perfected thing. It is composed of the
+most widely differing elements which, taken together, form the
+so-called protoplasm or cellular substance. And for all life
+established in nature the cell remains the constant and unchanging
+form element. It comprises the cell-protoplasm and a nucleus imbedded
+in it whose substance is known as the nucleoplasm. The nucleus is the
+more important of the two and, so to say, governs the life of the
+cell-protoplasm.
+
+The lower one-celled organisms in nature increase by division, just as
+do the individual cells of a more highly organized, many-celled order
+of living beings. And in all cases, though death or destruction of the
+cells is synonymous with the death or destruction of the living
+organism, the latter in most cases already has recreated itself by
+reproduction.
+
+We will not go into the very complicated details of the actual process
+of the growth and division of the protoplasmic cells. It is enough to
+say that in the case of living creatures provided with more
+complicated organisms, such as the higher plants, animals and man, the
+little cell units divide and grow as they do in the case of the lower
+organisms. The fact is one which shows the intimate inner relationship
+of all living beings.
+
+
+                     THE LADDER OF ORGANIC ASCENT
+
+As we mount the ascending ladder of plant and animal life the
+unit-cell of the lower organisms is replaced by a great number of
+individual cells, which have grown together to form a completed whole.
+In this complete whole the cells, in accordance with the specific
+purpose for which they are intended, all have a different form and a
+different chemical composition. Thus it is that in the case of the
+plants leaves, flowers, buds, bark, branches and stems are formed, and
+in that of animals skin, intestines, glands, blood, muscles, nerves,
+brain and the organs of sense. In spite of the complicated nature of
+numerous organisms we find that many of them still possess the power
+of reproducing themselves by division or a process of "budding." In
+the case of certain plants and animals, cell-groups grow together into
+a so-called "bud," which later detaches itself from the parent body
+and forms a new individual living organism, as in the case of the
+polyps or the tubers in plant life.
+
+A tree, for instance, may be grown from a graft which has been cut off
+and planted in the ground. And ants and bees which have not been
+fecundated are quite capable of laying eggs out of which develop
+perfect, well-formed descendants. This last process is called
+parthenogenesis. It is a process, however, which if carried on through
+several generations, ends in deterioration and degeneracy. In the case
+of the higher animals, vertebrates and man, such reproduction is an
+impossibility.
+
+These higher types of animal life have been provided by nature with
+special organs of reproduction and reproductive glands whose
+secretions, when they are projected from the body under certain
+conditions, reproduce themselves, and increase and develop in such
+wise that the living organism from which they proceed is reproduced in
+practically its identical form. Thus it perpetuates the original type.
+Philosophically it may be said that these cells directly continue the
+life of the parents, so that death in reality only destroys a part of
+the individual. Every individual lives again in his offspring.
+
+
+                        THE TRUE MISSION OF SEX
+
+This rebirth of the individual in his descendants represents the true
+mission of sex where the human being is concerned. And reproduction,
+the perpetuation of the species, underlies all rightful and normal sex
+functions and activities. The actual physical process of reproduction,
+the details which initiate reproduction in the case of the human
+being, it seems unnecessary here to describe. In the animal world,
+into which the moral equation does not really enter, the facts of
+conjugation represent a simple and natural working-out of functional
+bodily laws, usually with a seasonal determination. But where man is
+concerned these facts are so largely made to serve the purposes of
+pruriency, so exploited to inflame the imagination in an undesirable
+and directly harmful way that they can be approached only with the
+utmost caution.
+
+The intimate fact knowledge necessary in this connection is of a
+peculiarly personal and sacred nature, and represents information
+which is better communicated by the spoken than by the printed word.
+The wise father and mother are those naturally indicated to convey
+this information to their sons and daughters by word of mouth. By
+analogy, by fuller development and description of the reproductive
+processes of plant and animal life on which we have touched, the
+matter of human procreation may be approached. Parents should stress
+the point, when trying to present this subject to the youthful mind,
+that man's special functions are only a detail--albeit a most
+important one--in nature's vast plan for the propagation of life on
+earth. This will have the advantage of correcting a trend on the part
+of the imaginative boy or girl to lay too much stress on the part
+humanity plays in this great general reproductive scheme. It will lay
+weight on the fact that the functional workings of reproduction are
+not, primarily, a source of pleasure, but that--when safeguarded by
+the institution of matrimony, on which civilized social life is
+based--they stand for the observance of solemn duties and obligations,
+duties to church and state, and obligations to posterity. Hence,
+parents, in talking to their children about these matters should do so
+in a sober and instructive fashion. The attention of a mother,
+perhaps, need not be called to this. But fathers may be inclined, in
+many cases, to inform their sons without insisting that the
+information they give them is, in the final analysis, intended to be
+applied to lofty constructive purposes. They may, in their desire to
+speak _practically_, forget the moral values which should underlie
+this intimate information. Never should the spirit of levity intrude
+itself in these intimate personal sex colloquies. Restraint and
+decency should always mark them.
+
+In making clear to the mind of youth the fact data which initiates and
+governs reproduction in animal and in human life, the ideal to be
+cultivated is continence, the refraining from all experimentation
+undertaken in a spirit of curiosity, until such time as a well-placed
+affection, sanctioned by the divine blessing, will justify a sane and
+normal exploitation of physical needs and urges in the matrimonial
+state. To this end hard bodily and mental work should be encouraged in
+the youth of both sexes. "Satan finds work for idle hands to do," has
+special application in this connection, and a chaste and continent
+youth is usually the forerunner of a happy and contented marriage. And
+incidentally, a happy marriage is the best guarantee that
+reproduction, the carrying on of the species, will be morally and
+physically a success. Here, too, the fact should be strongly stressed
+that prostitution cannot be justified on any moral grounds. It
+represents a deliberate ignoring of the rightful function of sex, and
+the perversion of the sane and natural laws of reproduction. It is in
+marriage, in the sane and normal activities of that unit of our whole
+social system--the family--that reproduction develops nature's basic
+principle of perpetuation in the highest and worthiest manner, in
+obedience to laws humane and divine.
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER II
+
+                THE TRANSITION FROM CELL TO HUMAN BEING
+
+
+In the functional processes alluded to in the preceding chapter, the
+male germ-cell and the female germ-cell unite in a practically equal
+division of substance. We say "practically" because the maternal and
+the paternal influences are not equally divided in the offspring. One
+or the other usually predominates. But, as a general rule, it may be
+said that in the development of the embryonal life the process of cell
+division proceeds in such a way that every germ of the child's future
+organism represents approximately one-half maternal and one-half
+paternal substance and energy.
+
+In this process lies the true secret of heredity. The inherited
+energies retain their full measure of power, and all their original
+quality in the growing and dividing chromosomes (the chromosome is one
+of the segments into which the chromoplasmic filaments of a
+cell-nucleus break up just before indirect division). On the other
+hand, the egg-substance of the female germ-cell, which is assimilated
+by the chromosomes, and which is turned into _their_ substance by the
+process of organic chemistry, loses its specific plastic vital energy
+completely. It is in the same way that food eaten by the adult has
+absolutely no effect on his qualitative organic structure. We may eat
+ever so many beef-steaks without acquiring any of the characteristics
+of an ox. And the germ-cell may devour any amount of egg-protoplasma
+without losing its original paternal energy. As a rule a child
+inherits as many qualities from its mother as from its father.
+
+
+                         DETERMINATION OF SEX
+
+Sex is determined after conception has taken place. At an early stage
+of the embryo certain cells are set apart. These, later, form the sex
+glands. Modern research claims to have discovered the secret of
+absolutely determining sex in the human embryo, but even if these
+claims are valid they have not as yet met with any general
+application.
+
+
+                           EARLY DEVELOPMENT
+
+Some twelve days after conception, the female ovule or egg, which has
+been impregnated by the male spermatazoön, escapes from the ovary
+where it was impregnated, and entering a tube (Fallopian) gradually
+descends by means of it into the cavity of the womb or uterus. Here
+the little germ begins to mature in order to develop into an exact
+counterpart of its parents. In the human being the womb has only a
+single cavity, and usually develops but a single embryo.
+
+
+                                 TWINS
+
+Sometimes two ovules are matured at the same time. If fecundated, two
+embryos instead of one will develop, producing twins. Triplets and
+quadruplets, the results of the maturing of three or four ovules at
+the same time, occur more rarely. As many as five children have been
+born alive at a single birth, but have seldom lived for more than a
+few minutes.
+
+
+                               GESTATION
+
+The development of the ovule in the womb is known as gestation or
+pregnancy. The process is one of continued cell division and growth,
+and while it goes on the ovule sticks to the inner wall of the womb.
+There it is soon enveloped by a mucous membrane, which grows around it
+and incloses it.
+
+
+                              THE EMBRYO
+
+The _Primitive Trace_, a delicate straight line appearing on the
+surface of the growing layer of cells is the base of the embryonic
+spinal column. Around this the whole embryo develops in an intricate
+process of cell division and duplication. One end of the Primitive
+Trace becomes the head, the other the tail, for every human being has
+a tail at this stage of his existence. The neck is marked by a slight
+depression; the body by a swollen center. Soon little buds or "pads"
+appear in the proper positions. These represent arms and legs, whose
+ends, finally, split up into fingers and toes. The embryonic human
+being has been steadily increasing in size, meanwhile. By the fifth
+week the heart and lungs are present in a rudimentary form, and ears
+and face are distinctly outlined. During the seventh week the kidneys
+are formed, and a little later the genital organs. At two months,
+though sex is not determined as yet, eyes and nose are visible, the
+mouth is gaping, and the skin can be distinguished. At ten weeks the
+sexual organs form more definitely, and in the third month sex can be
+definitely determined.
+
+
+                              THE FOETUS
+
+At the end of its fourth month the embryo--now four or five inches
+long and weighing about an ounce--is promoted. It receives the name of
+foetus. Hairs appear on the scalp, the eyes are provided with lids,
+the tongue appears far back in the mouth. The movements of the foetus
+are plainly felt by the mother. If born at this time it lives but a
+few minutes. It continues to gain rapidly in weight. By the sixth
+month the nails are solid, the liver large and red, and there is fluid
+in the gall bladder. The seventh month finds the foetus from twelve
+and a half to fourteen inches long, and weighing about fifty-five
+ounces. It is now well proportioned, the bones of the cranium,
+formerly flat, are arched. All its parts are well defined, and it can
+live if born. By the end of the eighth month the foetus has thickened
+out. Its skin is red and covered by a delicate down; the lower jaw has
+grown to the same length as the upper one. The convolutions of the
+brain structure also appear during this month.
+
+
+                      PLACENTA AND UMBILICAL CORD
+
+During gestation the unborn infant has been supplied with air and
+nourishment by the mother. An organ called the _Placenta_, a spongy
+growth of blood vessels, develops on the inner point of the womb. To
+this organ the growing foetus is moored by a species of cable, the
+_Umbilical Cord_. This cord, also made up mainly of blood vessels,
+carries the blood of the foetus to and from the _Placenta_, absorbing
+it through the thin walls which separate it from the mother's blood.
+Only through her blood can the mother influence the child, since the
+Umbilical Cord contains no nerves. The Umbilical Cord, attached to the
+body of the child at the navel, is cut at birth, and with the Placenta
+is expelled from the womb soon after the child has been born. Together
+with the Placenta it forms a shapeless mass, familiarly known as the
+"afterbirth," and when it is retained instead of being expelled is apt
+to cause serious trouble.
+
+
+                       CHILDBIRTH OR PARTURITION
+
+At nine month's time the foetus is violently thrust from that
+laboratory of nature in which it has formed. It is born, and comes
+into the world as a child. Considering the ordinary size of the
+generative passages, the expelling of the foetus from the womb would
+seem impossible. But Nature, during those months in which she enlarged
+the womb to hold its gradually increasing contents, has also increased
+the generative passages in size. She has made them soft and
+distensible, so that an apparent physical impossibility could take
+place, though it is often accompanied by intense suffering. Modern
+medical science has made childbirth easier, but the act of childbirth
+is usually accompanied by more or less suffering. Excessive pain,
+however, is often the result of causes which proper treatment can
+remove before and at the time of confinement.
+
+
+                            TWILIGHT SLEEP
+
+The so-called "Twilight Sleep," a modern development, by which the
+pangs of childbirth are obviated by the administration of drugs or by
+hypnotic suggestion, has its opponents and defenders. The advantage of
+a painless childbirth, upon which the mother can look back as on a
+dream, is evident. The "Twilight Sleep" process has been used with the
+happiest results both for parent and child. Opponents of this system
+declare that the use of powerful drugs may injure the child. A method
+commended is the administration of a mixture of laughing gas and
+oxygen, which relieves the mother and does not affect the child.
+
+
+                          THE NEW-BORN INFANT
+
+The average weight of the new-born child is about seven and a half
+pounds. It is insensitive to pain for the first few days, and seems
+deaf (since its middle ears are filled with a thick mucus) for the
+first two weeks. During the first few days, too, it does not seem able
+to see. The first month of its existence is purely automatic.
+Evidences of dawning intelligence appear in the second month and at
+four months it will recognize mother or nurse. Muscularly it is poorly
+developed. Not until two months old is it able to hold up its head,
+and not until three months does voluntary muscular movement put in an
+appearance. The new-born's first self-conscious act is to draw breath.
+Deprived of its usual means of supply it must breathe or suffocate.
+Its next is to suck milk, lest it starve.
+
+
+                               HEREDITY
+
+We often find children who offer a striking resemblance to a paternal
+grandfather, a maternal aunt or a maternal great-grandmother. This is
+known as atavism. There are many curious variations with regard to the
+inheritance of ancestral traits. Some children show a remarkable
+resemblance to their fathers in childhood, others to their mothers.
+And many qualities of certain individual ancestors appear quite
+suddenly late in life. Everything may be inherited, from the most
+delicate shadings of the disposition, the intelligence and the will
+power, to the least details of hair, nails and bone structure, etc.
+And the combination of the qualities of one's ancestors in heredity is
+so manifold and so unequal that it is extremely difficult to arrive at
+fixed conclusions regarding it. Hereditary traits and tendencies are
+developed out of the energies of the original conjugated germ-cells
+throughout life, up to the very day of death. Even aged men often show
+peculiarities in the evening of their life which may be clearly
+recognized as inherited, and duplicating others shown by their
+forbears at the same period of life.
+
+As has already been mentioned every individual inherits, generally
+speaking, as much from his paternal as from his maternal progenitors.
+This in spite of the fact that the tiny paternal germ-cell is the
+only medium of transmission of the paternal qualities, while the
+mother furnishes the much larger egg-cell, and feeds him throughout
+the embryonic period.
+
+
+                              THE ENGRAM
+
+An interesting theory maintains that the external impressions made
+upon an organism which reacts to them and receives them, might be
+called _engrams_ or "inscriptions." Thus the impression of some object
+we have seen or touched (let us say we have seen a lion) may remain
+engraved on our mind as an impression. Hence every memory picture is
+one of engrams, whether the impression is a conscious one or an
+unconscious one. According to this same theory the reawakening of an
+older impression is an _ecphory_. Some new stimulation may thus
+ecphorate an old engram. Now the entire embryonal development of the
+human child is in reality no more than a continuous process of
+ecphoration of old engrams, one after another. And the entire complex
+of our living human organism is made up entirely of these
+energy-complexes engraved on our consciousness or subconsciousness.
+The sum total of all these engrams, in a living human being, according
+to the theory advanced, is given the name of _mnema_. That which the
+child receives in the way of energies contained in the germ-cells from
+its ancestors is his hereditary _mnema_. And that which he acquires in
+the course of his own individual life is his acquired or individual
+_mnema_.
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER III
+
+                         SEX IN MALE CHILDHOOD
+
+                            (FROM 14 TO 16)
+
+
+During the first years of child life all those laws of practical
+hygiene which make for good health should be carefully observed. Every
+organ of the body should be carefully protected, even at this early
+age. The genital organs, especially, should not be rubbed or handled
+under any pretext, beyond what is absolutely necessary for
+cleanliness. The organs of generation, which we are apt to treat as
+nonexistent in children, just because they are children, claim just as
+much watchful care as any others.
+
+
+                      SEX PRECAUTIONS IN INFANCY
+
+Even in infancy, the diaper should fit easily about the organs which
+it covers, so as not to give rise to undue friction or heating of the
+parts. And for the same reason it should always be changed immediately
+after urination or a movement of the bowels. No material which
+prevents the escape of perspiration, urine or fecal matter should be
+employed for a diaper. The use of a chair-commode as early as the end
+of the first year is highly to be commended, as being more comfortable
+for the sex organs and healthier for the child. It favors, in
+particular, a more perfect development of limbs and hip joints.
+
+
+                         EARLY SEX IMPRESSIONS
+
+Sex impressions and reactions are apt to develop at an early age,
+especially in the case of boys. If the child's physical health is
+normal, however, they should not affect his mind or body. The growing
+boy should be encouraged to take his sex questions and sex problems to
+his parents (in his case preferably the father) for explanation. Thus
+they may be made clear to him naturally and logically. He should not
+be told what he soon discovers is not true: that babies are "dug up
+with a silver spade," or make their appearances in the family thanks
+to the kind offices of storks or angels. Instead, by analogy with the
+reproductive processes of all nature, the true facts of sex may be
+explained to him in a soothing and normal way.
+
+
+                          EVIL COMMUNICATIONS
+
+Too often, the growing boy receives his first lessons regarding sex
+from ignorant and vicious associates. Curiosity is one of the greatest
+natural factors in the child's proper development, if rightly
+directed. When wrongly led, however, it may have the worst
+consequences. Even before puberty occurs, a boy's attention may be
+quite naturally drawn to his own sex organs.
+
+
+               NATURAL CAUSES OF INFANT SEXUAL PRECOCITY
+
+Sexual precocity in boys may be natural or it may be artificially
+called forth. Among natural causes which develop sex precocity is
+promiscuous playing with other boys and girls for hours without
+supervision. It may also be produced by playful repose on the stomach,
+sliding down banisters, going too long without urinating, by
+constipation or straining at stool, irritant cutaneous affections, and
+rectal worms. Sliding down banisters, for instance, produces a
+titillation. The act may be repeated until inveterate masturbation
+results, even at an early age. Needless laving, handling and rubbing
+of the private parts is another natural incitement to sexual
+precocity.
+
+
+                               PRIAPISM
+
+_Priapism_ is a disease which boys often develop. It may be either a
+result or a cause of sexual precocity, and may come from undue
+handling of the genital parts or from a morbid state of health. It
+takes the form of paroxysms, more or less frequent, and of violent and
+often painful erection, calling for a physician's attention. If the
+result of a functional disorder, and not arrested, it is in danger of
+giving rise to masturbation. This morbid condition sometimes seriously
+impairs the health.
+
+
+                             MASTURBATION
+
+_Masturbation_, the habit of self-abuse, often formed before puberty,
+is an artificial development of sexual precocity. Most boys, from the
+age of nine to fourteen, interest themselves in sex questions and
+matters, but these are usually presented to them in a lewd and
+improper manner, by improperly informed companions. Dwelling upon
+these thoughts the boy is led to play with his sex organs in secret
+and masturbation results. A secret vice of the most dangerous kind,
+masturbation or self-pollution is often taught by older boys and takes
+place, to quote an authority "in many of our colleges, boarding,
+public and private schools," and is also indulged in by companions
+beneath the home roof. If it becomes habitual, generally impaired
+health, and often epilepsy, and total moral and physical degradation
+results. Stains on the nightshirt or sheet occurring before puberty
+are absolute evidence of the vice in boys.
+
+
+                 WHAT FATHERS SHOULD DO FOR THEIR BOYS
+
+Make sex facts clear to your boy as interesting, matter-of-fact
+developments of general natural laws. Ungratified or improperly
+gratified curiosity is what leads to a young boy's overemphasizing the
+facts of sex as they apply to him. Make him your confidant. Teach him
+to think cleanly and to act cleanly, neither to ignore nor to exalt
+the sexual. Especially, when he himself is directly disturbed
+sexually, either in a mental or physical way, let him feel that he can
+apply to you naturally for relief and explanation. If this be done,
+your boy's sex development before puberty will be natural and normal,
+and when the more serious and difficult problems of adolescence
+present themselves, he will be prepared to handle them on the basis of
+right thinking and right living. Natural and healthy sport in the open
+air, and the avoidance of foul language and indecency should be
+stressed. The use of alcohol, coffee and tea by children tends to
+weaken their sexual organs. Every boy should know that chastity means
+continence. He should know that lascivious thoughts lead to lascivious
+actions, and that these are a drain on his system which may spoil his
+life in later years.
+
+In the education of his children the average man is only too apt to
+repeat the same mistake of unconsciously crediting the child with the
+possession of his own feelings and his own outlook, that is the
+feelings and outlook of the adult. In general, things which may make
+an impression in a sex way on the adult are a matter of indifference
+to the sexually unripe boy. Hence it is quite possible for a father to
+discuss sex matters with his young son and inform him constructively,
+without in any undue way rousing his sex curiosity or awakening
+desire. Such talks, of course, should be in accordance with the
+principles already laid down in the section on "Reproduction."
+
+If a boy is accustomed and taught to regard sex conditions and matters
+in a proper and innocent manner, as something perfectly natural,
+improper curiosity and eroticism are far less likely to be aroused
+than when this is not the case. For the whole subject will have lost
+the dangerous attraction of novelty. On the other hand, we find boys
+who have been brought up with great prudery and in complete ignorance
+of sex matters (save that which may come to them from impure sources)
+greatly excited and ashamed by the first appearance of the indications
+of puberty. Secrecy is the enemy of a clean, normal conception on the
+part of the child as to the right place sex and the sex function play
+in life and in the world. It stands to reason, of course, that every
+least detail of the sex question cannot be intelligently made clear to
+a little child. But his questions should all be answered, honestly,
+and with due regard for his age and his capacity to understand what is
+explained to him.
+
+One very great advantage of an early paternal explanation of sex
+matters to the boy is its beneficial effect on the mind and the
+nerves. Many boys brood or grow melancholy when confronted with sex
+riddles and problems for which they are unable to find a solution; and
+as the result of totally erroneous ideas they may have formed with
+regard to sex matters. At the same time too much attention should not
+be paid the discussion of sex questions between father and son. A
+father should, so far as possible, endeavor to develop other interests
+and preoccupations in his boy, and turn his mind as much as may be
+_away_ from matters sexual, until the age when the youth is ripe for
+marriage is reached.
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER IV
+
+                        SEX IN FEMALE CHILDHOOD
+
+                            (FROM 12 TO 14)
+
+
+What has been said in general about practical observance of the laws
+of sex hygiene in the preceding chapter for boys, applies to girls as
+well. If anything the sex precautions taken in infancy should be even
+more closely followed, as girls are by nature less robust than boys.
+If children could be raised in entire accordance with natural laws,
+the sexual instinct of girls as well as boys would probably remain
+dormant during the period stretching from infancy to puberty. As in
+the case of the boy, so in that of the girl, any manifestation of
+sexual precocity should be investigated, to see whether it be due to
+natural or artificial causes. In either case the proper remedies
+should be applied.
+
+
+                        SEX PRECOCITY IN GIRLS
+
+There are cases of extraordinary sex precocity in girls. One case
+reported in the United States was that of a female child who at birth
+possessed all the characteristics usually developed at puberty. In
+this case the natural periodical changes began at birth! Fortunately,
+this is a case more or less unique. In little girls and boys undue
+sexual handling or titillating of their genital organs tends to quiet
+them, so nurses (let us hope in ignorance of the consequences!) often
+resort to it. Sending children to bed very early, to "get rid of
+them," or confining them in a room by themselves, tends to encourage
+the development of vicious habits. A single bed, both in the school
+and in the home, is indispensable to purity of morals and personal
+cleanliness. It tends to restrain too early development of the sexual
+instinct both in small girls and small boys.
+
+
+                      SEXUAL SELF-ABUSE IN GIRLS
+
+Small girls, like small boys, display an intelligent curiosity as
+regards the phenomena of sex at an early age. And what has already
+been said regarding its improper gratification in the preceding
+chapter, so far as boys are concerned, applies with equal force to
+them. In their case, however, the mother is a girl's natural confidant
+and friend. Self-abuse in one or another form is as common in the case
+of the girl as in that of the boy. As a rule, girls who live an
+outdoor life, and work with their muscles more than their mind, do not
+develop undue precocious sexual curiosities or desires. At least they
+do not do so to the same extent as those more nervously and
+susceptibly constituted. The less delicate and sensitive children of
+the country tend less to these habits than their more sensitively
+organized city brothers and sisters. Girls who have formed vicious
+habits are apt to indulge in the practice of self-abuse at night when
+going to bed. If there is cause for suspicion, the bedclothes should
+be quickly and suddenly thrown off under some pretense. Self-abuse
+usually has a marked effect on the genital organs of girls. The inner
+organs become unnaturally enlarged and distended, and _leucorrhea_,
+catarrh of the vagina, attended by a discharge of greenish-white
+mucus, often develops.
+
+
+                    RESULTS OF SELF-ABUSE IN GIRLS
+
+Local diseases, due to this cause, result in girls as well as boys.
+Temporary congestions become permanent, and develop into permanent
+irritations and disorders. Leucorrhea has already been mentioned.
+Contact with the acrid, irritating internal secretions also causes
+_soreness of the fingers at the root of the nails_, and warts.
+Congestion and other diseases are other ultimate results of the habit;
+and these congestions to which it gives rise unduly hasten the advent
+of puberty. Any _decided enlargement of the labia and clitoris in a
+young girl_ may be taken as a positive evidence of the existence of
+the habit of self-abuse. Sterility, and atrophy of the breasts--their
+deficient development--when the vice is begun before puberty, is
+another result.
+
+
+               PRURITIS AND FEMININE NOCTURNAL EMISSIONS
+
+_Pruritis_ (itching genitals), though not necessarily caused by
+self-abuse, may be one of its consequences. Continued congestion
+causes the genital parts to itch terribly. This itching increases
+until the desire to manipulate the genitals becomes irresistible. It
+will then be indulged in even in the presence of strangers, though the
+girl in question at other times may be exceptionally modest. Girls
+addicted to the vice also suffer from nocturnal emissions. The general
+effect of self-abuse is much the same in the case of a girl as in that
+of a boy, for leucorrhea is injurious in somewhat the same fashion as
+seminal loss. In the case of girls the greatest injury, however, is
+due to the nervous exhaustion which succeeds the unnatural excitement.
+
+
+                WHAT MOTHERS SHOULD DO FOR THEIR GIRLS
+
+A healthy girl should be happy and comfortable in all respects. She
+will not be so, especially with regard to her sex problems, unless she
+can appeal to her mother as a friend and confidant. While keeping your
+girl's mind pure and healthy by precept and example, do not forget
+that the best way to protect her against evil influences and
+communications is to tell her the exact truth about sex facts, as they
+apply to her, just as the father should his boy. Keep your girl fully
+occupied and do not leave her sex education to the evil winds of
+chance.
+
+Let sex knowledge take its place as a proper, necessary part of her
+general education. If your daughter feels she can at all times talk
+freely to you all will be well. Gratify her natural sex curiosity in a
+natural way. See that _immediate_ medical attention is given
+inflammations, excoriations, itchings and swellings of her genital
+organs. Such conditions will lead her to rub and scratch these
+parts--never to be touched--for relief. If, as a result of the
+sensations experienced, masturbation results, _yours is the sin_.
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER V
+
+                      SEX IN THE ADOLESCENT MALE
+
+                      (FROM PUBERTY TO MATURITY)
+
+
+Adolescence is the period when the boy is lost in the man. It is the
+time of life embraced between the ages of fourteen or sixteen and the
+age of twenty-five. Every boy, if properly trained, should reach this
+period in a state of good general health and spirits. Hitherto he has
+been led and guided. Now he must develop mental strength and will
+power himself to choose the good and refuse the evil in the sexual
+problems confronting him.
+
+
+                                PUBERTY
+
+According to climate puberty, the age when the human male becomes
+sexually perfect, varies from ten to fifteen years. In the United
+States puberty in the male usually occurs at the age of fourteen and a
+half years. In tropical climates it occurs at nine or ten, and in cold
+countries, such as Norway and Siberia, it may not take place until
+eighteen or nineteen. Vigorous physical exercise tends to delay
+puberty, anything exciting the emotions tends to hasten it.
+Stimulating foods, pepper, vinegar, mustard, spices, tea and coffee,
+excess meat nutriment hasten puberty. A cool, unstimulating vegetable
+and farinaceous diet may delay the development of the sexual system
+several months or a year.
+
+
+                   THE SIGNS AND CHANGES OF PUBERTY
+
+In the boy the signs of puberty are the growth of hair on the skin
+covering the pubes and in the armpits. Chest and arms broaden, the
+frame grows more angular, the masculine proportions more pronounced.
+The vocal cords grow longer and lower the pitch of the voice. Hair
+grows on chin, upper lip, cheeks, and often on the body surface.
+
+
+                         THE SEXUAL MORAL LAW
+
+The sexual moral law is the same for both sexes, and equally binding.
+It may be summed up as follows: "Your sexual urges, instincts and
+desires should never consciously injure an individual human being or
+mankind in general. They should be exercised to further the value and
+happiness of both."
+
+
+                  THE MALE ADOLESCENT AND CONTINENCE
+
+The perfect carrying out of this general moral law implies continence
+on the part of the male adolescent until marriage. Continence is
+positive restraint under all circumstances. Strict continence is
+neither injurious to health, nor does it produce impotence. While
+self-denial is difficult, since the promptings of nature often seem
+imperious, it is not impossible. It is certain that no youth will
+suffer, physically, by remaining sexually pure. The demands which
+occur during adolescence are mainly abnormal, due to the excitements
+of an overstimulating diet, pornographic literature and art, and the
+temptations of impure association.
+
+
+                        WHY YOUNG MEN GO WRONG
+
+Foul thoughts, once they enter the mind, corrode it. The sensual
+glance, the bawdy laugh, the ribald jest, the smutty story, the
+obscene song may be met with on street corner, in the car, train,
+hotel lobby, lecture hall and workshop. Mental unchastity ends in
+physical unchastity. The habit common to most adolescent boys and
+young men of relating smutty stories, repeating foul jokes and making
+indecent allusions destroys respect for virtue. In addition there are
+such direct physical causes of undue adolescent sexual excitement as
+constipation and alcoholism, and such mental ones as nervous
+irritability.
+
+To the constant discussion and speculation regarding sex and its
+mysteries by the adolescent young male, must be added the artificial
+idea that idle prattling on the subject is a sign of "manhood." Thus
+many young men whose natural trend is in the direction of decency and
+right sexual living, "step out" or "go to see the girls," as the
+phrase is, because they think that otherwise "they are not real men."
+More subtle in its evil effect, yet somewhat less dangerous
+physically, perhaps, than the professional prostitute is the lure of
+the "hidden" prostitute, who carefully conceals her derelictions, and
+publicly wraps herself in a mantle of virtue.
+
+
+                             PROSTITUTION
+
+The training of the average male mind in impure language and thought
+during boyhood and adolescence, the cultivation of his animal at the
+expense of the moral nature, often leads the adolescent to seek
+satisfaction by frequenting the prostitute.
+
+_Prostitution_, known as the "social evil," is promiscuous unchastity
+for gain. It has existed in all civilized countries from earliest
+times. Prostitution abuses the instinct for reproduction, the basic
+element of sex, to offer certain women a livelihood which they prefer
+to other means. Love of excitement, inherited criminal propensities,
+indolence and abnormal sex appetite are first causes of prostitution.
+Difficulty in finding work, laborious and ill-paid work, harsh
+treatment of girls at home, indecent living among the poor, contact
+with demoralizing companions, loose literature and amusements are
+secondary causes. They all contribute to debauch male and female youth
+and lead it to form dangerous habits of vicious sensual indulgence.
+
+Prostitution seems inseparable from human society in large
+communities. The fact is acknowledged in the name given it, "the
+necessary evil." Regulation and medical control only arrest in a
+degree the spread of venereal diseases to which prostitution gives
+rise. The elementary laws on which prostitution rests seems to be
+stronger than the artificial codes imposed by moral teaching. It is an
+evil which must be combatted _individually_. Men are principally
+responsible, in one way or another, for the existence of the social
+evil. In the case of the young man, abstention is the only cure for
+the probable results of indulging his animal passions by recourse to
+the prostitute.
+
+Prostitution, both public and private is the most dangerous menace to
+society at large. It is the curse of individual young manhood because
+of the venereal diseases it spreads. One visit to a house of
+prostitution may ruin a young man's health and life, and millions of
+human beings die annually from the effects of poison contracted in
+these houses. "Wild oats" sown in company with the prostitute usually
+bear fruit in the shape of the most loathsome and destructive sex
+disorders.
+
+The development of self-control, the avoidance of impure thoughts and
+associations, the cultivation of the higher moral nature instead of
+the lower animal one, and, finally, _marriage_, should prevent the
+young man from falling into prostitution. All the state and medical
+regulation in the world will not protect him from the venereal
+diseases he is so apt to acquire by such indulgence.
+
+
+                               FREE LOVE
+
+Free love is the doctrine of _unrestrained choice, without binding
+ties_, in sexual relations. For altogether different reasons, however,
+it is quite as objectionable as prostitution for the young man. It may
+offer better hygienic guarantees. But it is a sexual partnership which
+is opposed to the fundamental institution of _marriage_, on which
+society in general is based throughout the world. And, aside from the
+fact that it is a promiscuous relationship not sanctioned by law or
+society, it is seldom practically successful. It cannot admit of true
+love without bitter jealousies.
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER VI
+
+                     SEX IN THE ADOLESCENT FEMALE
+
+                      (FROM PUBERTY TO MATURITY)
+
+
+Adolescence in the girl is the period when she develops into a woman.
+It is that stage in female life embraced between the ages of twelve or
+fourteen and twenty-one years. Elasticity of body, a clear complexion,
+and a happy control of her feelings should mark the young girl at this
+time, if she has been so fortunate as to escape the dangers and
+baneful influences of childhood and infancy. Her numerous bodily
+functions should be well performed. Thus constituted she should be in
+a condition to take up her coming struggle with the world, and the sex
+problem it will present.
+
+
+                                PUBERTY
+
+It has been noticed that in the case of girls, puberty usually occurs
+earlier in brunettes than in blondes. In general, it makes its
+appearance earlier in those of a nervous or bilio-nervous temperament
+than in those whose temperament is phlegmatic or lymphatic. In the
+United States fourteen and a half years is the usual age of puberty in
+girls. In tropical lands, however, it is not uncommon for a girl to be
+a mother at twelve. Country girls (and boys) usually mature several
+months or a year later than those living in cities. Too early a
+puberty in girls may well arouse concern. It usually indicates some
+inherent constitutional weakness. Premature puberty is often
+associated with premature decay.
+
+
+                   THE SIGNS AND CHANGES OF PUBERTY
+
+In the girl the sign of puberty is the growth of hair about the pubes,
+private organs and armpits. Her whole frame remains more slender than
+in the male. Muscles and joints are less prominent, limbs more rounded
+and tapering. Internal and external organs undergo rapid enlargement,
+locally. The _mammæ_ (the breasts) enlarge, the ovaries dilate, and a
+periodical uteral discharge (menstruation) is established.
+
+
+                             MENSTRUATION
+
+No young girl should feel alarmed if, owing to the negligence of her
+parents or guardians to prepare her, she is surprised by this first
+flow from the genital organs. Puberty is the proper time for the
+appearance of menstruation. This is the periodical development and
+discharge of an ovule (one or more) by the female, accompanied by the
+discharge of a fluid, known as menses or catamenia. Menstruation, in
+general good health, should occur about every twenty-eight days, or
+once in four weeks. This rule, however, is subject to great variation.
+Menstruation continues from puberty to about the forty-fifth year,
+which usually marks the _menopause_, or "change of life." When it
+disappears a woman is no longer capable of bearing children. Her
+period of fertility has passed. In rare cases menstruation has stopped
+at 35, or lasted till 60.
+
+
+               HINTS FOR OBSERVANCE DURING MENSTRUATION
+
+When the period arrives a girl or woman has a feeling of discomfort
+and lassitude, there is a sense of weight, and a disclination for
+society. Menstruation should not, however, be regarded as a nuisance;
+a girl's friends respect her most when she is "unwell." She should
+keep more than usually quiet while the flow continues, which it will
+do for a few days. Also, she should avoid all unnecessary fatigue,
+exposure to wet or to extremes of temperature. Some girls are guilty
+of the crime of trying to arrest the menstruation flow, and resorting
+to methods of stopping it. Why? In order to attend a dance or pleasure
+excursion! Lives have been lost by thus suppressing the monthly flux.
+Mothers should instruct their daughters when the menses are apt to
+begin, and what their function is. During menstruation great care must
+be taken in using water internally. A chill is sufficient to arrest
+the flow. If menstruation does not establish itself in a healthy or
+normal manner at the proper time, consult a physician in order to
+remove this abnormal condition. Any disturbance of the delicate
+menstrual functions during the period, by constrained positions,
+muscular effort, brain work and mental or physical excitement, is apt
+to have serious consequences.
+
+
+               CONTINENCE AND THE YOUNG ADOLESCENT GIRL
+
+Continence is, as a rule more easily observed by the adolescent girl
+than by the adolescent youth. Ordinarily the normal young girl has no
+_undue_ sexual propensities, amorous thoughts or feelings. Though she
+is exposed to the danger of meeting other girls who may be lewd in
+thought and speech, in the houses of friends or at school, she is not
+apt to be carried away by their example. Yet even a good, pure-minded
+young girl may be debauched. Especially during adolescence, the easy
+observance of natural continence depends greatly on the proper
+functioning of the feminine genital organs. These may be easily
+disturbed. The syringe used for injections, for so-called purposes of
+cleanliness, is in reality a danger. The inner organs are
+self-cleansing. Water or other fluids cast into them disorder the
+mucous follicles, and dry up their secretions, preventing the flowing
+out of some of Nature's necessities. A daily washing of the inner
+organs for a long period with water also produces chronic leucorrhea.
+
+
+                         WHY YOUNG GIRLS FALL
+
+Lack of proper early training, abnormal sex instincts, weak good
+nature, poverty, all may be responsible for a young girl's moral
+downfall. As a general thing, right home training and home
+environment, and sane sex education will prevent the normally good
+girl from going wrong. It should be remembered, though, that a
+naturally more gentle and yielding disposition may easily lead her
+into temptation. Girls who are sentimentally inclined should beware of
+giving way to advances on the part of young men which have only one
+object in view: the gratification of their animal passion.
+
+The holding of hands and similar innocent beginnings often pave the
+way for more familiar caresses. Passionate kisses--the promiscuous
+kiss, by the way, may be the carrier of that dread infection,
+syphilis--violently awaken a young girl's sex instincts. The fact is
+that many innocent girls idealize their seducers. They believe their
+lying promises, actually come to love them, and think that in
+gratifying their inflamed desires, they are giving a proof of the
+depth and purity of their own affection.
+
+Here, as in the case of the young man, self-control should be the
+first thing cultivated. And self-control should be made doubly sure by
+never permitting one of the opposite sex to show undue familiarity.
+Many a seemingly innocent flirtation, begun with a kiss, has ended in
+shame and disgrace, in loss of social standing and position, venereal
+disease, or even death. The pure-minded and innocent girl often
+becomes a victim of her ignorance of the consequences entailed by
+giving in to the desires of some male companion. _The girl who has a
+knowledge of sex facts is less apt to be taken advantage of in this
+manner._
+
+
+             MODERN CONDITIONS WHICH ENCOURAGE IMMORALITY
+
+_Excessive Freedom._--The excessive freedom granted the young girl,
+especially since the World War, must be held responsible for a great
+increase in familiarity between the adolescent youth of both sexes.
+Many young girls of the "flapper" type, in particular, are victims of
+these conditions of unrestrained sex association. Sex precocity is
+furthered in coeducational colleges, in the high school and the home.
+Adolescents of both sexes too often are practically unhampered in
+their comings and goings, their words and actions. The surreptitious
+pocket flask, filled with "hooch," is often a feature of social
+parties, dances and affairs frequented by young people. Girls and boys
+drink together, and as alcohol weakens moral resistance in the one
+case, and stimulates desire in the other, deplorable consequences
+naturally result. In the United States the number of girls "sent home"
+from colleges, and of high-school girls being privately treated by
+physicians to save them from disgrace, is incredibly large.
+
+Parents who do not control the social activities of their daughters,
+who permit them to spend their evenings away from home with only a
+general idea of what they are doing or whom they are meeting, need not
+be surprised if their morals are undermined.
+
+_The Auto._--The advent of the automobile is responsible for an easy
+and convenient manner of satisfying precociously aroused sex instincts
+in young girls and boys. Often, unconscientious pleasure-seekers roam
+the roads in their auto. They accost girls who are walking and offer
+them a "lift." When the latter refuse to gratify their desires they
+are often beaten and flung from the car. The daily press has given
+such publicity to this civilized form of "head hunting," that it is
+difficult to sympathize with girls who are thus treated. They cannot
+help but know that in nine cases out of ten, a stranger who invites
+them to a ride, who "picks" them up, does so with the definite purpose
+already mentioned in view.
+
+_Poverty._--Poverty, too, plays a large part in driving young girls
+into a life of vice. In all our large cities there are hundreds of
+young women who earn hardly enough to buy food and fuel and pay for
+the rent of a room in a cheap lodging house. Feminine youth longs for
+dress, for company, for entertainment. It is easy enough to find a
+"gentleman friend" who will provide all three, in exchange for
+"companionship." So the bargain is struck. These conditions exist in a
+hundred and one occupations. A young woman may go to a large city as
+pure as snow, but finding no lucrative employment, lonely and
+despondent, she is led to take her first step on the downward path.
+Soon daily contact with vice removes abhorrence to it. Familiarity
+makes it habitual, and another life is ruined. The heartless moral
+code of the cynical young pleasure-seeking male is summed up in the
+cant phrase anent women: "Find, ... and forget!" It is these girls,
+who are victimized by their lack of self-restraint or moral principle,
+their ignorance or weakness, who make possible the application of such
+a maxim.
+
+
+                               VIRGINITY
+
+Both mental and physical purity are rightfully required of the young
+girl about to marry. How shall she acquire and maintain this desirable
+state of purity? The process is a simple one. _She must let a
+knowledge of the true hygienic and moral laws of her sex guide her in
+her relations with men._ She must cultivate clean thought on a basis
+of physical cleanliness. She need not be ignorant to be pure. Men she
+should study carefully. She should not allow them to sit with their
+arm about her waist, to hold her hand, to kiss her. No approach nor
+touch beyond what the best social observance sanctions should be
+permitted. Even the tendernesses and familiarities of courtship should
+be restrained. An engagement does not necessarily culminate in a
+marriage, and once the foot has slipped on virtue's path the error
+cannot be recalled. These considerations, together with those adduced
+in the preceding section, "Why Young Girls Fall," are well worth
+taking to heart by every young woman who wishes to approach matrimony
+in the right and proper way.
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER VII
+
+                     SEX IN THE MARRIAGE RELATION
+
+                              THE HUSBAND
+
+
+Marriage is the process by which a man and woman enter into a complete
+physical, legal and moral union. The natural object of marriage is the
+complete community of life for the establishment of a family.
+
+
+                  THE MARRIAGEABLE AGE AND ADAPTATION
+
+At twenty-four the male body attains its complete development; and
+twenty-five is a proper age for the young man to marry. Romantic love,
+personal affection on a basis of congeniality, mutual adaptation, a
+similar social sphere of life, should determine his choice. Nature and
+custom indicate that the husband should be somewhat older than the
+wife.
+
+
+                       MEN WHO SHOULD NOT MARRY
+
+Men suffering with diseases which may be communicated by contagion or
+heredity should not marry. These diseases include: tuberculosis,
+syphilis, cancer, leprosy, epilepsy and some nervous disorders, some
+skin diseases and insanity. A worn-out rake has no business to marry,
+since marriage is not a hospital for the treatment of disease, or a
+reformatory institution for moral lepers. Those having a marked
+tendency to disease must not marry those of similar tendency. The
+marriage of cousins is not to be advocated. The blood relation tends
+to bring together persons with similar morbid tendencies. Where both
+are healthy, however, there seems to be no special liability to mental
+incompetency, though such marriages are accused of producing defective
+or idiot children. Men suffering from congenital defects should not
+marry. Natural blindness, deafness, muteness, and congenital
+deformities of limb are more or less likely to be passed on to their
+children. There are cases of natural blindness, though, to which this
+rule does not apply. Criminals, alcoholics, and persons
+disproportionate in size should not marry. In the last-mentioned, lack
+of mutual physical adaptability may produce much unhappiness,
+especially on the part of the wife. Serious local disease, sterility,
+and great risk in childbirth may result. Disparity of years, disparity
+of race, a poverty which will not permit the proper raising of
+children, undesirable moral character are all good reasons for not
+marrying.
+
+
+                  MEDICAL EXAMINATION BEFORE MARRIAGE
+
+Medical examination as a preliminary to marriage is practically more
+valuable than a marriage license. Since many entirely innocent young
+girls to-day suffer from disease, incurred either through hereditary
+or accidental infection, a would-be husband may be said to be quite as
+much entitled to protection as his bride-to-be. Prohibitive physical
+defects are also discovered in this connection.
+
+
+
+
+                             CHAPTER VIII
+
+                     SEX IN THE MARRIAGE RELATION
+
+                               THE WIFE
+
+
+Girls marry, in the final analysis, because love for the male is an
+innate natural principle of the female nature. At its best this love
+is pure and chaste. The good woman realizes that its first purpose is
+not mere carnal pleasure. It is a special avowal of the wife's
+relations to her husband, and its natural as well as moral end is the
+establishment of the family on the basis of a healthy progeny.
+
+
+                            BEFORE MARRIAGE
+
+The wife-to-be, like her prospective husband, will be well advised to
+ask for a medical health certificate. No man, no matter how good his
+reputation may be, should marry (on his own account as well as that of
+the girl) without thorough examination by a physician. The
+consequences of venereal infection administered to unborn children by
+their parents are too horrible to allow of any risk being taken.
+Another bit of advice, which cannot be too highly commended, is that
+the prospective husband and wife, before they marry, have a plain talk
+with each other regarding individual sexual peculiarities and needs. A
+heart-to-heart talk of this kind would be apt to prevent great
+disappointments and incompatibilities which otherwise may become
+permanent.
+
+
+                       THE WIFE AND HER POSITION
+
+The natural instinct of a man is to seek his mate. On her he depends
+for an orderly and lawful indulgence of his sex demands. The greatest
+longevity and best health are to be found among happily married
+fathers and mothers. No young woman should marry without a full
+knowledge of her sex duties to her husband. And she should never
+consummate the marriage vow grudgingly.
+
+
+                          CHILDBIRTH HYGIENE
+
+Childbirth is the natural consequence of marriage. Its processes have
+already been explained in Chapter II of this book. There are, however,
+some hygienic facts in connection with it which should be noted. Once
+pregnancy is established, as soon as the fact is suspected, the
+mother-to-be should look on the little embryo as already a member of
+the family. Every act of each parent should now be performed (at least
+to some degree) with reference to the forthcoming infant. The mother's
+thoughts should be directed to it as much as possible. Mentally she
+should read literature of a lofty and ennobling character. The theory
+is that this serves a good purpose in producing a more perfect,
+healthy and intelligent child. Physically, she should take plenty of
+active exercise during gestation. Active exercise does not, of course,
+mean violent exercise. And she should use a "Health Lift." During
+this time she should subsist as far as possible on a farinaceous
+diet, fruits and vegetables. The foods should be plainly cooked,
+without spices. If all else is as it should be, the birth of the child
+at the end of the customary nine months will be attended by
+comparatively little pain and danger.
+
+
+                HOW OFTEN SHOULD CHILDBIRTH TAKE PLACE?
+
+It is most important that the childbearing wife and mother have a long
+period of rest between births. At least one year should separate a
+birth and the conception following it. This means that about two years
+should elapse between two births. If this rule be followed, the wife
+will retain her health, and her children will also be healthy. It is
+far better to give birth to seven children, who will live and be
+healthy, than to bear fourteen, of whom seven are likely to die, while
+the numerous successive births wear out and age the unfortunate
+mother.
+
+
+                        MATRIMONIAL ADJUSTMENT
+
+The above paragraph deals with one detail of what might be called
+"matrimonial adjustment." This adjustment or compromise is a feature
+of all successful marriages. The individual cravings of husband and
+wife must be reconciled by mutual good will and forbearance if they
+are to be happy. Attention should be paid in particular to not
+allowing habit, "the worst foe of married happiness," to become too
+well established in the home, and to cultivate that love and affection
+which survives the decline of the sexual faculties.
+
+
+                          THE IDEAL MARRIAGE
+
+The ideal marriage is the one in which affection combines to bring
+happiness to both partners in a sane union of sex and soul. As one
+commentator has rather unhappily expressed it: "When married the
+_battle_ for one united and harmonious life really begins!" It is,
+indeed, but too often a _battle_! Forbearance, consideration and
+respect must be the foundation on which the ideal married state is
+built. The husband should realize that his wife's love for him induces
+her to allow privileges of a personal nature which her innate chastity
+and timidity might otherwise refuse. In return, he should accept these
+privileges with consideration. He should, in particular, on his
+wedding night, take care not to shock his young bride's sensibilities.
+He may easily give her a shock from which she will not recover for
+years, and lead her to form an antipathy against the very act which is
+"the bond and seal of a truly happy married life."
+
+
+                             BIRTH CONTROL
+
+Material changes have taken place in the birth-rate of a number of
+countries during the past fifteen or twenty years which cannot be
+attributed to purely economic causes. They do not seem to depend on
+such things as trade, employment and prices; but on the spread of an
+idea or influence whose tendency must be deplored, that of "birth
+control," a phrase much heard in these days.
+
+The fact that a decline in human fertility and a falling birth rate
+are most noticeable in the relatively prosperous countries is a proof
+that it does not proceed from economic causes; but is due rather to
+the spread of the doctrine that it is permissible to restrict or
+control birth. In such countries as the United States, England and
+Australasia, where the standards of human comfort and living are
+notoriously high, the decline in the birth rate has been most
+noticeable. On the other hand, we find perhaps the greatest decline in
+the birth rate in France, a country where the general well-being
+probably reaches a lower depth in the community than in any other part
+of Europe. A comparison of the birth rates of France and of Ireland,
+for example, offer a valuable illustration of the point under
+consideration. In France, more than half the women who have reached
+the age of nubility are married; in Ireland, generally speaking, less
+than a third. In both countries the crude birth rate is far below that
+in other European lands. Yet the fertility of the Irish wife exceeded
+that of her French compeer by 44 per cent in 1880, and by no less than
+84 per cent in 1900. And since that time the prolificity of the Irish
+mother has so increased that she is now, approximately speaking,
+inferior only to the Dutch or Finnish mother in this respect.
+
+In general, in any country where we find a diminished prolificity a
+falling off of childbirth _unaccompanied_ by a decrease in the number
+of marriages occurring at the reproductive ages, we may attribute this
+decrease to _voluntary restriction of childbearing_ on the part of the
+married, or in other words, to the prevalence of "birth control."
+This incidentally, is not a theoretical statement, but one supported
+by the almost unanimous medical opinion in all countries. Everywhere
+and especially here in our own United States, we find evidence of the
+extensive employ of "birth control" measures to prevent that normal
+development of family life which underlies the vigor and racial power
+of every nation. These preventive measures which arbitrarily control
+human birth had long been in use in France with results which,
+especially since the war, have been frequently and publicly deplored
+in the press, and have led the French Government to offer substantial
+rewards to encourage the propagation of large families. From France
+the preventive practices of "birth control" had spread, after 1870,
+over nearly all the countries of western Europe, to England and to the
+United States; though they are not as much apparent in those countries
+where the Roman Church has a strong hold on the people.
+
+As a general thing, the practice of thus unnaturally limiting
+families--"unnaturally" since the custom of "birth control" derives
+from no natural, physical law--prevails, in the first instance, among
+the well-to-do, who should rather be the first to set the example of
+protest against it by having the families they are so much better able
+to support and educate than those less favored with the world's goods.
+If the evil of voluntary control of human birth were restricted to a
+privileged class, say one of wealth, the harm done would, perhaps, not
+be so great. But, unfortunately, in the course of time it filters
+down as a "gospel of comfort"--erroneous term!--to those whose
+resources are less. They accept and practice this invidious system of
+prevention and gradually the entire community is more or less
+affected.
+
+The whole system of "birth control" is opposed to natural, human and
+religious law. Nature, in none of her manifestations, introduces
+anything which may tend to prevent her great reason for being--the
+propagation of the species. Birth as the natural sequence of mating is
+her solemn and invariable law. It is in birth and rebirth that nature
+renews herself and all the life of the animal and vegetable world, and
+her primal aim is to encourage it. Human law recognizes this
+underlying law of nature by forbidding man to tamper in a preventive
+way with her hallowed and mysterious processes for perpetuating the
+human race. Religious law, based on the divine dispensation of the
+Scriptures, indorses the law of nature and that of the state.
+
+We may take it, then, that "birth control" represents a deliberate and
+reprehensible attempt to nullify those innate laws of reproduction
+sanctioned by religion, tradition and man's own ingrained instinct. To
+say that the human instinct for the perpetuation of his race and
+family has become atrophied during the flight of time, and that he is
+therefore justified in denying it, is merely begging the question. The
+instinct may be denied, just as other higher and nobler instincts are
+disregarded; but its validity cannot be questioned. Whether those who
+practice "birth control" are influenced by economic, selfishly
+personal or other reasons, they are offending in a threefold manner:
+against the inborn wish and desire which is a priceless possession of
+even the least of God's creatures, that of living anew in its
+offspring; against the law of the state, which after all, stands for
+the crystallization of the best feeling of the community; and against
+the divine injunction handed down to us in Holy Writ, to "increase and
+multiply."
+
+"Birth control" is the foe to the direct end and aim of marriage,
+which, in the last analysis, is childbirth. As an enemy to the
+procreation of children it is an enemy of the family and the family
+group. As an enemy of the family, it is an enemy of the state, the
+community, a foe to the whole social system. Mankind has been able to
+attain its comparatively recent state of moral and physical
+advancement without having recourse to the dangerous principle which
+"birth control" represents. Surely that wise provision of our existing
+legal code which makes the printing or dissemination of information
+regarding the physical facts of "birth control" illegal and punishable
+as an offense, can only be approved by those who respect the
+Omnipotent will, and the time-hallowed traditions which date back to
+the very inception of the race.
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER IX
+
+                             SEX DISEASES
+
+
+The sex diseases are the same in both sexes, whether developed by
+direct or accidental infection. They are the greatest practical
+argument in favor of continence, morality and marriage in the sex
+relation.
+
+
+                               GONORRHEA
+
+Gonorrhea is a pus-discharging inflammation of the canal known as the
+_urethra_, which passing through the entire length of the organ,
+carries both the urine and the seminal fluid. It is caused by a
+venereal bacillus, the _gonococcus_. Under favorable conditions and
+with right treatment, gonorrhea may be cured, though violently
+painful, in fourteen days. Often the inflammation extends, becomes
+chronic and attacks other organs. This chronic gonorrhea often causes
+permanent contraction of the urethra, which leads to the painful
+retention of urine, catarrh of the bladder, and stone. Chronic
+gonorrhea, too, often ends in death, especially if the kidneys are
+attacked. A cured case of gonorrhea does not mean immunity from
+further attacks. New infections are all the more easily acquired.
+Gonorrhea has even more dangerous consequences in women than in men.
+The _gonococcus_ bacilli infect all the inner female genital organs.
+They cause frequent inflammations and lead to growths in the belly.
+Women thus attacked usually are apt to be sterile; they suffer
+agonies, and often become chronic invalids. The child born of a
+gonorrheal mother, while passing through the infected genital organs,
+comes to life with infected eyelids. This is _Blennorrhea_, which may
+result in total blindness. Gonorrhea also causes inflammation of the
+joints, gonorrheal rheumatism, testicular inflammations which may lead
+to sterility. Some authorities claim that fully half the sterility in
+women is caused by gonorrheal infection of the Fallopian tubes.
+Gonorrheal infection of the eyes at birth is now prevented by first
+washing them in a saturated solution of boric acid, then treating them
+with a drop of weak silver solution.
+
+
+                               SYPHILIS
+
+Syphilis is a still more terrible venereal disease. It usually appears
+first in small, hard sores, hard chancres, on the sexual parts or the
+mouth. Then the syphilitic poison spreads throughout the whole body by
+means of the blood. After a few weeks it breaks out on the face or
+body. Its final cure is always questionable. Syphilis may lie dormant
+for years, and then suddenly become active again. It breaks out in
+sores on all parts of the body, often eats up the bone, destroys
+internal organs, such as the liver, causes hardening of the lungs,
+diseases of the blood vessels and eye diseases. Ulcers of the brain
+and nerve paralysis often result from it. One of its most terrible
+consequences is consumption of the spinal marrow and paralysis of the
+brain, or paresis. The first slowly hardens and destroys the spinal
+marrow, the second the brain. These diseases are only developed by
+previous syphilitics. As a rule they occur from 5 to 20 years after
+infection, usually 10 or 15 years after it. And they usually happen to
+persons who believed themselves completely cured. Consumption of the
+spinal marrow leads to death in the course of a few years of continual
+torture. Paralysis of the brain turns the sufferer into a human ruin,
+gradually extinguishing all mental and nervous functions, sentience,
+movement, speech and intellect.
+
+One danger of syphilis is the fact that its true nature may be
+overlooked during the first period, because of the lack of pronounced
+symptoms. Its early sores may easily be mistaken for some skin
+affection. Mercury and other means are successful in doing away with
+at least the more noticeable signs of syphilis during the first and
+secondary stages. The modern medical treatment using mercury and
+Salvarsan (606) in alternation, has been very successful. It is
+claimed that by following it, syphilis may be totally cured if taken
+in hand during the first stage. The sores developed during the first
+two or three years of the disease are very infectious. In the case of
+a chronic syphilis of three or four years' standing, the sores as a
+rule are no longer infectious. It is possible, however, for a
+syphilitic of this description to bring forth syphilitic children,
+_without infecting his wife_. Such children either die at birth, or
+later, of this congenital syphilis. They may also die of spinal
+consumption or paresis between the ages of 10 and 20. The mortality of
+all syphilitic children is very great. In most cases, however, healthy
+children are born of the wedlock of _relatively cured_ syphilitics,
+though they are often sterile. Young men who have had recourse to
+prostitutes, often inoculate their wives with gonorrhea or syphilis,
+and thus the plague is spread.
+
+
+                           THE SOFT CHANCRE
+
+The soft chancre is the third form of venereal disease (the hard
+chancre being the first stage of syphilis). It is the least dangerous
+of the venereal diseases, but unfortunately, relatively the one which
+occurs most seldom. When not complicated with syphilis, it appears
+locally. It is a larger or smaller sore feeding and growing on the
+genital organs.
+
+
+              VENEREAL DISEASE AN ADVOCATE OF CONTINENCE
+
+The most tragic consequence of all venereal disease is the part it
+plays in the infection of innocent children, and innocent wives and
+mothers. Often a pure and chaste woman is thus deprived in the most
+cruel and brutal manner of the fruit of all her hopes and dreams of
+happiness. Similarly, a young man may find himself hopelessly
+condemned to a short life of pain and misery. He may also suffer from
+the knowledge that he has ruined the lives of those dearest to him.
+Venereal disease, syphilis in particular, emphasizes the _practical_
+value of continence--quite aside from its moral one--in a manner which
+cannot be ignored!
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER X
+
+                             LOVE AND SEX
+
+
+When we take under consideration the higher, truer love of one sex for
+the other, that is, an affection which is not simply a friendship, but
+has a sex basis, we realize that it may be a very noble emotion. There
+is no manner of doubt but that the normal human being feels a great
+need for love. Sex in love and its manifestation in the life of the
+soul is one of the first conditions of human happiness, and a main aim
+of human existence.
+
+All know the tale of Cupid's arrow. A man falls in love with a face, a
+pair of eyes, the sound of a voice, and his affection is developed
+from this trifling beginning until it takes complete possession of
+him. This love is usually made up of two components: a sex instinct,
+and feelings of sympathy and interest which hark back to primal times.
+And this love, in its true sense, should stand for an affection
+purified from egoism.
+
+When, among the lower animal forms we find individuals without a
+determined sex, egoism develops free from all restraint. Each
+individual creature devours as much as it can and feeding, together
+with propagation by division, "budding" or conjunction, makes up the
+total of its vital activities. It need do no more to accomplish the
+purpose of its existence. Even when propagation commences to take
+place by means of individual male and female parents, the same
+principle of egoism largely obtains. The spiders are typical instances
+of this: in their case the carrying out of the natural functions of
+the male spider is attended with much danger for him, owing to the
+fact that if he does not exercise the greatest care, he is apt to be
+devoured immediately afterward by his female partner, in order that no
+useful food matter may be lost. Yet even in the case of the spiders,
+the female spider already gives proof of a certain capacity for
+sacrifice where her young are concerned, at any rate for a short time
+after they have crept from the egg.
+
+In animals somewhat higher in the creative scale, more or less
+powerful feelings of affection may develop out of their sex
+association. There is affection on the part of the male for his mate,
+and on the part of the female for her young. Often these feelings
+develop into a strong, lasting affection between the sexes, and years
+of what might be called faithful matrimonial union have been observed
+in the case of birds. This in itself is sufficient to establish the
+intimate relationship between love in a sex sense and love in a
+general sense. And even in the animal creation we find the same
+analogy existing between these feelings of sympathy and their
+opposites which occur in the case of human beings. Every feeling of
+attachment or sympathy existing between two individuals has a
+counterpart in an opposite feeling of discontent when the object of
+the love or attachment in question dies, falls sick, or runs away.
+This feeling of discontent may assume the form of a sorrow ending in
+lasting melancholy. In the case of apes and of certain parrots, it has
+been noticed that the death of a mate has frequently led the survivor
+to refuse nourishment, and die in turn from increasing grief and
+depression. If, on the other hand, an animal discovers the cause of
+the grief or loss which threatens it; if some enemy creature tries to
+rob it of its mate or little ones, the mixed reactive feeling of rage
+or anger is born in it, anger against the originator of its
+discontent. Jealousy is only a definite special form of this anger
+reaction.
+
+A further development of the feeling of sympathy is that of duty.
+Every feeling of love or sympathy urges those who feel it to do
+certain things which will benefit the object of that love. A mother
+will feed her young, bed them down comfortably, caress them; a father
+will bring nourishment to the mother and her brood, and protect them
+against foes. All these actions, not performed to benefit the creature
+itself, but to help its beloved mate, represent exertion, trouble, the
+overcoming of danger, and lead to a struggle between egoism and the
+feeling of sympathy. Out of this struggle is born a third feeling,
+that of responsibility and conscience. Thus the elements of the human
+social feelings are already quite pronounced in the case of many
+animals, including those of love as well as sex.
+
+In the human animal, speaking in general, these feelings of sympathy
+(love) and duty are strongly developed in the family connection; that
+is, they are developed with special strength in those who are most
+intimately united in sex life, in husband and wife and in children.
+Consequently the feelings of sympathy or love which extend to larger
+communal groups, such as more distant family connections, the tribe,
+the community, those speaking the same tongue, the nation, are
+relatively far weaker. Weakest of all, in all probability, is that
+general human feeling which sees a brother in every other human being
+and is conscious of the social duties owed him.
+
+As regards man and wife, the relation of the actual sex instinct to
+love is often a very complicated one. In the case of man the sex
+feeling may, and frequently does exist independent of love in the
+higher sense; in the case of woman it is quite certain that love
+occurs far less seldom unaccompanied by the sex inclination. It is
+also quite possible for love to develop before the development of the
+sex feeling, and this often, in married life, leads to the happiest
+relationships.
+
+The mutual adoration of two individuals, husband and wife, often
+degenerates into a species of egoistic enmity toward the remainder of
+the world. And this, in turn, in many cases reacts unfavorably upon
+the love the two feel for each other. Human solidarity, especially in
+this day, is already too great not to revenge itself upon the
+egotistical character of so exclusive a love. The real ideal of sex in
+love might be expressed as follows: A man and a woman should be
+induced to unite in marriage through genuine sex attraction and
+harmony of character and disposition. In this union they should
+mutually encourage each other to labor socially for the common good of
+mankind, in such wise that _they further their own mutual education
+and that of their children_, the beings nearest and dearest to them,
+_as the natural point of departure for helping general human
+betterment_.
+
+If love in its relation to sex be conceived in this manner, it will
+purify it by doing away with its pettinesses and it is just into these
+pettinesses that the most honest and upright of matrimonial loves too
+often degenerate. The constructive work done in common by two human
+beings who, while they care lovingly for each other, at the same time
+encourage each other to strive and endure in carrying out the
+principles of right living and high thinking, will last. Love and
+marriage looked at from this point of view, are relatively immune from
+the small jealousies and other evil little developments of a
+one-sided, purely physical affection. It will work for an ever more
+ideal realization of love in its higher and nobler dispensations.
+
+Real and true love is lasting. The suddenly awakened storm of sex
+affection for a hitherto totally unknown person can never be accepted
+as a true measure for love. This sudden surge of the sex feeling warps
+the judgment, makes it possible to overlook the grossest defects,
+colors all and everything with heavenly hues. It makes a man who is
+"in love," or two beings who are in love, mutually blind, and causes
+each to carefully conceal his or her real inward self from the other.
+This may be the case even when the feelings of both are absolutely
+honest, especially if the sex feeling is not paired with cool egoistic
+calculation. Not until the first storm of the sex feeling has
+subsided, when honeymoon weeks are over, is a more normal point of
+view regained. And then love, indifference, or hatred, as the case may
+be develops. It is for this reason that love at first sight is always
+dangerous, and that only a longer and more intimate acquaintance with
+the object of one's affection is calculated to give a lasting union a
+relatively good chance of turning out happily. One thing is worth
+bearing in mind. Woman invariably represents the conservative element
+in the family. Her emotional qualities, combined with wonderful
+endurance, always control her intellect more powerfully than is the
+case with man; and the feelings and emotions form the conservative
+element in the human soul.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Sex, by Henry Stanton
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+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of Sex, Avoided Subjects Discussed in Plain English, by Henry Stanton.
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+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Sex, by Henry Stanton
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Sex
+       Avoided subjects Discussed in Plain English
+
+Author: Henry Stanton
+
+Release Date: December 2, 2007 [EBook #23680]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SEX ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Irma Spehar and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This book was
+produced from scanned images of public domain material
+from the Google Print project.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+<h1>SEX</h1>
+
+<h2 style="padding-top: 0em">AVOIDED SUBJECTS DISCUSSED IN<br />
+PLAIN ENGLISH</h2>
+
+<p class="center" style="padding-top: 4em; text-indent: 0em"><i>By</i></p>
+
+<p class="center" style="font-size: 130%; text-indent: 0em">HENRY STANTON</p>
+
+<p class="publisher">
+SOCIAL CULTURE PUBLICATIONS<br />
+151 FIFTH AVENUE<span style="padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px">&middot;</span>   NEW YORK<br />
+</p>
+
+<p class="copyright">
+Copyright, 1922<br />
+<span class="smcap">Social Culture Publications</span><br />
+MANUFACTURED IN U.&nbsp;S.&nbsp;A.<br />
+</p>
+
+
+<h2><a name="CONTENTS" id="CONTENTS"></a>CONTENTS<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[3]</a></span></h2>
+
+
+<table summary="table of contents">
+<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td class="pageno"><small>PAGE</small></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="chapterno"><a href="#CHAPTER_I">I.</a></td><td><span class="smcap">Sex</span></td><td class="pageno"><a href="#Page_5">5</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="chapterno"><a href="#CHAPTER_II">II.</a></td><td><span class="smcap">The Transition from Cell to Human Being</span></td><td class="pageno"><a href="#Page_12">12</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="chapterno"><a href="#CHAPTER_III">III.</a></td><td><span class="smcap">Sex in Male Childhood</span></td><td class="pageno"><a href="#Page_20">20</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="chapterno"><a href="#CHAPTER_IV">IV.</a></td><td><span class="smcap">Sex in Female Childhood</span></td><td class="pageno"><a href="#Page_26">26</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="chapterno"><a href="#CHAPTER_V">V.</a></td><td><span class="smcap">Sex in the Adolescent Male</span></td><td class="pageno"><a href="#Page_30">30</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="chapterno"><a href="#CHAPTER_VI">VI.</a></td><td><span class="smcap">Sex in the Adolescent Female</span></td><td class="pageno"><a href="#Page_35">35</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="chapterno"><a href="#CHAPTER_VII">VII.</a></td><td><span class="smcap">Sex in the Marriage Relation (The Husband)</span></td><td class="pageno"><a href="#Page_43">43</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="chapterno"><a href="#CHAPTER_VIII">VIII.</a></td><td><span class="smcap">Sex in the Marriage Relation (The Wife)</span></td><td class="pageno"><a href="#Page_45">45</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="chapterno"><a href="#CHAPTER_IX">IX.</a></td><td><span class="smcap">Sex Diseases</span></td><td class="pageno"><a href="#Page_53">53</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="chapterno"><a href="#CHAPTER_X">X.</a></td><td><span class="smcap">Love and Sex</span></td><td class="pageno"><a href="#Page_57">57</a>
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[4]</a></span></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<hr />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_I" id="CHAPTER_I"></a>CHAPTER I<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[5]</a></span></h2>
+
+<h3>SEX</h3>
+
+
+<p class="newchapter"><span class="firstword"><span class="dropcap">T</span>he</span> happiness of all human beings, men and
+women, depends largely on their rational solution
+of the sexual problem. Sex and the part it
+plays in human life cannot be ignored. In the case
+of animals sex plays a simpler and less complex
+r&ocirc;le. It is a purely natural and instinctive function
+whose underlying purpose is the perpetuation of
+the species. It is not complicated by the many incidental
+phenomena which result, in man's case, from
+psychologic, economic, moral and religious causes.
+Climate, social conditions, individual modes of life
+and work, alcohol, wealth and poverty, and other
+factors affect sexual activity in human beings.</p>
+
+<p>Sexual love, which is practically unknown to the
+animals, is a special development of the sex urge
+in the human soul. The deeper purpose of the sex
+function in human beings, likewise, is procreation,
+the reproduction of species.</p>
+
+<p>The average man, woman and child should know
+the essential sex facts in order to be able to deal
+with the sex problems of life. Of late years there
+has been a greater diffusion of such knowledge. To
+a large extent, however, children and adolescents
+are still taught to look on all that pertains to sex
+as something shameful and immodest, something
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[6]</a></span>not to be discussed. Sex is an &#8220;Avoided Subject.&#8221;</p>
+
+<p>This is fundamentally wrong. Sex affects the
+very root of all human life. Its activities are not
+obscene, but Nature's own means to certain legitimate
+ends. The sex functions, when properly controlled
+and led into the proper channels, are a most
+essential and legitimate form of physical self-expression.
+The veil of secrecy with which they
+are so often shrouded tends to create an altogether
+false impression regarding them. This discussion
+of these &#8220;Avoided Subjects,&#8221; in &#8220;Plain English,&#8221; is
+intended to give the salient facts regarding sex in a
+direct, straightforward manner, bearing in mind the
+true purpose of normal sex activities.</p>
+
+<p>The more we know of the facts of sex, the right
+and normal part sex activities play in life, and all
+that tends to abuse and degrade them, the better
+able we will be to make sex a factor for happiness
+in our own lives and that of our descendants. Mankind,
+for its own general good, must desire that
+reproduction&mdash;the real purpose of every sexual
+function&mdash;occur in such a way as to perpetuate its
+own best physical and mental qualities.</p>
+
+
+<h5>THE LAW OF PHYSICAL LIFE</h5>
+
+<p>It is a universal rule of physical life that every
+individual being undergoes a development which we
+know as its individual life and which, so far as its
+physical substance is concerned, ends with death.
+Death is the destruction of the greater part of this
+individual organism which, when death ensues,
+once more becomes lifeless matter. Only small
+portions of this matter, the germ cells, continue<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[7]</a></span>
+to live under certain conditions which nature has
+fixed.</p>
+
+<p>The germ cell&mdash;as has been established by the
+microscope&mdash;is the tiny cell which in the lowest
+living organisms as well as in man himself, forms
+the unit of physical development. Yet even this
+tiny cell is already a highly organized and perfected
+thing. It is composed of the most widely differing
+elements which, taken together, form the so-called
+protoplasm or cellular substance. And for all life
+established in nature the cell remains the constant
+and unchanging form element. It comprises the
+cell-protoplasm and a nucleus imbedded in it whose
+substance is known as the nucleoplasm. The nucleus
+is the more important of the two and, so to
+say, governs the life of the cell-protoplasm.</p>
+
+<p>The lower one-celled organisms in nature increase
+by division, just as do the individual cells of a more
+highly organized, many-celled order of living beings.
+And in all cases, though death or destruction of the
+cells is synonymous with the death or destruction
+of the living organism, the latter in most cases
+already has recreated itself by reproduction.</p>
+
+<p>We will not go into the very complicated details
+of the actual process of the growth and division of
+the protoplasmic cells. It is enough to say that in
+the case of living creatures provided with more
+complicated organisms, such as the higher plants,
+animals and man, the little cell units divide and
+grow as they do in the case of the lower organisms.
+The fact is one which shows the intimate inner
+relationship of all living beings.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[8]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h5>THE LADDER OF ORGANIC ASCENT</h5>
+
+<p>As we mount the ascending ladder of plant and
+animal life the unit-cell of the lower organisms is
+replaced by a great number of individual cells,
+which have grown together to form a completed
+whole. In this complete whole the cells, in accordance
+with the specific purpose for which they are
+intended, all have a different form and a different
+chemical composition. Thus it is that in the case
+of the plants leaves, flowers, buds, bark, branches
+and stems are formed, and in that of animals skin,
+intestines, glands, blood, muscles, nerves, brain and
+the organs of sense. In spite of the complicated
+nature of numerous organisms we find that many of
+them still possess the power of reproducing themselves
+by division or a process of &#8220;budding.&#8221; In the
+case of certain plants and animals, cell-groups grow
+together into a so-called &#8220;bud,&#8221; which later detaches
+itself from the parent body and forms a new
+individual living organism, as in the case of the
+polyps or the tubers in plant life.</p>
+
+<p>A tree, for instance, may be grown from a graft
+which has been cut off and planted in the ground.
+And ants and bees which have not been fecundated
+are quite capable of laying eggs out of which develop
+perfect, well-formed descendants. This last
+process is called parthenogenesis. It is a process,
+however, which if carried on through several generations,
+ends in deterioration and degeneracy. In the
+case of the higher animals, vertebrates and man,
+such reproduction is an impossibility.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>These higher types of animal life have been provided
+by nature with special organs of reproduction
+and reproductive glands whose secretions,
+when they are projected from the body under certain
+conditions, reproduce themselves, and increase
+and develop in such wise that the living organism
+from which they proceed is reproduced in practically
+its identical form. Thus it perpetuates the
+original type. Philosophically it may be said that
+these cells directly continue the life of the parents,
+so that death in reality only destroys a part of the
+individual. Every individual lives again in his
+offspring.</p>
+
+
+<h5>THE TRUE MISSION OF SEX</h5>
+
+<p>This rebirth of the individual in his descendants
+represents the true mission of sex where the human
+being is concerned. And reproduction, the perpetuation
+of the species, underlies all rightful and
+normal sex functions and activities. The actual
+physical process of reproduction, the details which
+initiate reproduction in the case of the human being,
+it seems unnecessary here to describe. In the animal
+world, into which the moral equation does not
+really enter, the facts of conjugation represent a
+simple and natural working-out of functional bodily
+laws, usually with a seasonal determination. But
+where man is concerned these facts are so largely
+made to serve the purposes of pruriency, so exploited
+to inflame the imagination in an undesirable
+and directly harmful way that they can be approached
+only with the utmost caution.</p>
+
+<p>The intimate fact knowledge necessary in this<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span>
+connection is of a peculiarly personal and sacred
+nature, and represents information which is better
+communicated by the spoken than by the printed
+word. The wise father and mother are those naturally
+indicated to convey this information to their
+sons and daughters by word of mouth. By analogy,
+by fuller development and description of the reproductive
+processes of plant and animal life on which
+we have touched, the matter of human procreation
+may be approached. Parents should stress the point,
+when trying to present this subject to the youthful
+mind, that man's special functions are only a detail&mdash;albeit
+a most important one&mdash;in nature's vast
+plan for the propagation of life on earth. This will
+have the advantage of correcting a trend on the
+part of the imaginative boy or girl to lay too much
+stress on the part humanity plays in this great general
+reproductive scheme. It will lay weight on the
+fact that the functional workings of reproduction
+are not, primarily, a source of pleasure, but that&mdash;when
+safeguarded by the institution of matrimony,
+on which civilized social life is based&mdash;they stand
+for the observance of solemn duties and obligations,
+duties to church and state, and obligations to posterity.
+Hence, parents, in talking to their children
+about these matters should do so in a sober and instructive
+fashion. The attention of a mother, perhaps,
+need not be called to this. But fathers may
+be inclined, in many cases, to inform their sons
+without insisting that the information they give
+them is, in the final analysis, intended to be applied
+to lofty constructive purposes. They may, in their<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span>
+desire to speak <i>practically</i>, forget the moral values
+which should underlie this intimate information.
+Never should the spirit of levity intrude itself in
+these intimate personal sex colloquies. Restraint
+and decency should always mark them.</p>
+
+<p>In making clear to the mind of youth the fact
+data which initiates and governs reproduction in
+animal and in human life, the ideal to be cultivated
+is continence, the refraining from all experimentation
+undertaken in a spirit of curiosity, until such
+time as a well-placed affection, sanctioned by the
+divine blessing, will justify a sane and normal exploitation
+of physical needs and urges in the matrimonial
+state. To this end hard bodily and mental
+work should be encouraged in the youth of both
+sexes. &#8220;Satan finds work for idle hands to do,&#8221; has
+special application in this connection, and a chaste
+and continent youth is usually the forerunner of a
+happy and contented marriage. And incidentally,
+a happy marriage is the best guarantee that reproduction,
+the carrying on of the species, will be
+morally and physically a success. Here, too, the
+fact should be strongly stressed that prostitution
+cannot be justified on any moral grounds. It represents
+a deliberate ignoring of the rightful function
+of sex, and the perversion of the sane and natural
+laws of reproduction. It is in marriage, in the
+sane and normal activities of that unit of our whole
+social system&mdash;the family&mdash;that reproduction develops
+nature's basic principle of perpetuation in
+the highest and worthiest manner, in obedience to
+laws humane and divine.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_II" id="CHAPTER_II"></a>CHAPTER II<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span></h2>
+
+<h3>THE TRANSITION FROM CELL TO
+HUMAN BEING</h3>
+
+
+<p class="newchapter"><span class="firstword"><span class="dropcap">I</span>n</span> the functional processes alluded to in the preceding
+chapter, the male germ-cell and the female
+germ-cell unite in a practically equal division of
+substance. We say &#8220;practically&#8221; because the maternal
+and the paternal influences are not equally
+divided in the offspring. One or the other usually
+predominates. But, as a general rule, it may be
+said that in the development of the embryonal life
+the process of cell division proceeds in such a way
+that every germ of the child's future organism represents
+approximately one-half maternal and one-half
+paternal substance and energy.</p>
+
+<p>In this process lies the true secret of heredity.
+The inherited energies retain their full measure
+of power, and all their original quality in the
+growing and dividing chromosomes (the chromosome
+is one of the segments into which the
+chromoplasmic filaments of a cell-nucleus break
+up just before indirect division). On the other
+hand, the egg-substance of the female germ-cell,
+which is assimilated by the chromosomes, and which
+is turned into <i>their</i> substance by the process of
+organic chemistry, loses its specific plastic vital
+energy completely. It is in the same way that food<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span>
+eaten by the adult has absolutely no effect on his
+qualitative organic structure. We may eat ever
+so many beef-steaks without acquiring any of the
+characteristics of an ox. And the germ-cell may devour
+any amount of egg-protoplasma without losing
+its original paternal energy. As a rule a child
+inherits as many qualities from its mother as from
+its father.</p>
+
+
+<h5>DETERMINATION OF SEX</h5>
+
+<p>Sex is determined after conception has taken
+place. At an early stage of the embryo certain
+cells are set apart. These, later, form the sex
+glands. Modern research claims to have discovered
+the secret of absolutely determining sex in the
+human embryo, but even if these claims are valid
+they have not as yet met with any general application.</p>
+
+
+<h5>EARLY DEVELOPMENT</h5>
+
+<p>Some twelve days after conception, the female
+ovule or egg, which has been impregnated by the
+male spermatazo&ouml;n, escapes from the ovary where
+it was impregnated, and entering a tube (Fallopian)
+gradually descends by means of it into the cavity
+of the womb or uterus. Here the little germ begins
+to mature in order to develop into an exact counterpart
+of its parents. In the human being the womb
+has only a single cavity, and usually develops but
+a single embryo.</p>
+
+
+<h5>TWINS</h5>
+
+<p>Sometimes two ovules are matured at the same
+time. If fecundated, two embryos instead of one
+will develop, producing twins. Triplets and quadruplets,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span>
+the results of the maturing of three or four
+ovules at the same time, occur more rarely. As
+many as five children have been born alive at a
+single birth, but have seldom lived for more than
+a few minutes.</p>
+
+
+<h5>GESTATION</h5>
+
+<p>The development of the ovule in the womb is
+known as gestation or pregnancy. The process is one
+of continued cell division and growth, and while it
+goes on the ovule sticks to the inner wall of the
+womb. There it is soon enveloped by a mucous
+membrane, which grows around it and incloses it.</p>
+
+
+<h5>THE EMBRYO</h5>
+
+<p>The <i>Primitive Trace</i>, a delicate straight line appearing
+on the surface of the growing layer of cells
+is the base of the embryonic spinal column. Around
+this the whole embryo develops in an intricate
+process of cell division and duplication. One end
+of the Primitive Trace becomes the head, the other
+the tail, for every human being has a tail at this
+stage of his existence. The neck is marked by a
+slight depression; the body by a swollen center.
+Soon little buds or &#8220;pads&#8221; appear in the proper
+positions. These represent arms and legs, whose
+ends, finally, split up into fingers and toes. The
+embryonic human being has been steadily increasing
+in size, meanwhile. By the fifth week the heart
+and lungs are present in a rudimentary form, and
+ears and face are distinctly outlined. During the
+seventh week the kidneys are formed, and a little
+later the genital organs. At two months, though<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span>
+sex is not determined as yet, eyes and nose are
+visible, the mouth is gaping, and the skin can be
+distinguished. At ten weeks the sexual organs
+form more definitely, and in the third month sex
+can be definitely determined.</p>
+
+
+<h5>THE FOETUS</h5>
+
+<p>At the end of its fourth month the embryo&mdash;now
+four or five inches long and weighing about an
+ounce&mdash;is promoted. It receives the name of foetus.
+Hairs appear on the scalp, the eyes are provided
+with lids, the tongue appears far back in the mouth.
+The movements of the foetus are plainly felt by
+the mother. If born at this time it lives but a few
+minutes. It continues to gain rapidly in weight. By
+the sixth month the nails are solid, the liver large
+and red, and there is fluid in the gall bladder. The
+seventh month finds the foetus from twelve and a
+half to fourteen inches long, and weighing about
+fifty-five ounces. It is now well proportioned, the
+bones of the cranium, formerly flat, are arched. All
+its parts are well defined, and it can live if born.
+By the end of the eighth month the foetus has
+thickened out. Its skin is red and covered by a delicate
+down; the lower jaw has grown to the same
+length as the upper one. The convolutions of the
+brain structure also appear during this month.</p>
+
+
+<h5>PLACENTA AND UMBILICAL CORD</h5>
+
+<p>During gestation the unborn infant has been supplied
+with air and nourishment by the mother. An
+organ called the <i>Placenta</i>, a spongy growth of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span>
+blood vessels, develops on the inner point of the
+womb. To this organ the growing foetus is moored
+by a species of cable, the <i>Umbilical Cord</i>. This
+cord, also made up mainly of blood vessels, carries
+the blood of the foetus to and from the <i>Placenta</i>,
+absorbing it through the thin walls which separate it
+from the mother's blood. Only through her blood
+can the mother influence the child, since the Umbilical
+Cord contains no nerves. The Umbilical
+Cord, attached to the body of the child at the navel,
+is cut at birth, and with the Placenta is expelled
+from the womb soon after the child has been born.
+Together with the Placenta it forms a shapeless
+mass, familiarly known as the &#8220;afterbirth,&#8221; and
+when it is retained instead of being expelled is apt
+to cause serious trouble.</p>
+
+
+<h5>CHILDBIRTH OR PARTURITION</h5>
+
+<p>At nine month's time the foetus is violently thrust
+from that laboratory of nature in which it has
+formed. It is born, and comes into the world as a
+child. Considering the ordinary size of the generative
+passages, the expelling of the foetus from
+the womb would seem impossible. But Nature, during
+those months in which she enlarged the womb
+to hold its gradually increasing contents, has also increased
+the generative passages in size. She has
+made them soft and distensible, so that an apparent
+physical impossibility could take place, though it is
+often accompanied by intense suffering. Modern
+medical science has made childbirth easier, but the
+act of childbirth is usually accompanied by more<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span>
+or less suffering. Excessive pain, however, is often
+the result of causes which proper treatment can remove
+before and at the time of confinement.</p>
+
+
+<h5>TWILIGHT SLEEP</h5>
+
+<p>The so-called &#8220;Twilight Sleep,&#8221; a modern development,
+by which the pangs of childbirth are
+obviated by the administration of drugs or by hypnotic
+suggestion, has its opponents and defenders.
+The advantage of a painless childbirth, upon which
+the mother can look back as on a dream, is evident.
+The &#8220;Twilight Sleep&#8221; process has been used with
+the happiest results both for parent and child.
+Opponents of this system declare that the use of
+powerful drugs may injure the child. A method
+commended is the administration of a mixture of
+laughing gas and oxygen, which relieves the mother
+and does not affect the child.</p>
+
+
+<h5>THE NEW-BORN INFANT</h5>
+
+<p>The average weight of the new-born child is
+about seven and a half pounds. It is insensitive
+to pain for the first few days, and seems deaf (since
+its middle ears are filled with a thick mucus) for
+the first two weeks. During the first few days, too,
+it does not seem able to see. The first month of
+its existence is purely automatic. Evidences of
+dawning intelligence appear in the second month
+and at four months it will recognize mother or
+nurse. Muscularly it is poorly developed. Not
+until two months old is it able to hold up its head,
+and not until three months does voluntary muscular<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span>
+movement put in an appearance. The new-born's
+first self-conscious act is to draw breath. Deprived
+of its usual means of supply it must breathe or
+suffocate. Its next is to suck milk, lest it starve.</p>
+
+
+<h5>HEREDITY</h5>
+
+<p>We often find children who offer a striking resemblance
+to a paternal grandfather, a maternal
+aunt or a maternal great-grandmother. This is
+known as avatism. There are many curious variations
+with regard to the inheritance of ancestral
+traits. Some children show a remarkable resemblance
+to their fathers in childhood, others to their
+mothers. And many qualities of certain individual
+ancestors appear quite suddenly late in life. Everything
+may be inherited, from the most delicate
+shadings of the disposition, the intelligence and the
+will power, to the least details of hair, nails and
+bone structure, etc. And the combination of the
+qualities of one's ancestors in heredity is so manifold
+and so unequal that it is extremely difficult to
+arrive at fixed conclusions regarding it. Hereditary
+traits and tendencies are developed out of the
+energies of the original conjugated germ-cells
+throughout life, up to the very day of death. Even
+aged men often show peculiarities in the evening
+of their life which may be clearly recognized as
+inherited, and duplicating others shown by their
+forbears at the same period of life.</p>
+
+<p>As has already been mentioned every individual
+inherits, generally speaking, as much from his paternal
+as from his maternal progenitors. This in<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span>
+spite of the fact that the tiny paternal germ-cell is
+the only medium of transmission of the paternal
+qualities, while the mother furnishes the much
+larger egg-cell, and feeds him throughout the embryonic
+period.</p>
+
+
+<h5>THE ENGRAM</h5>
+
+<p>An interesting theory maintains that the external
+impressions made upon an organism which
+reacts to them and receives them, might be called
+<i>engrams</i> or &#8220;inscriptions.&#8221; Thus the impression of
+some object we have seen or touched (let us say
+we have seen a lion) may remain engraved on our
+mind as an impression. Hence every memory picture
+is one of engrams, whether the impression is
+a conscious one or an unconscious one. According
+to this same theory the reawakening of an older
+impression is an <i>ecphory</i>. Some new stimulation
+may thus ecphorate an old engram. Now the entire
+embryonal development of the human child is in
+reality no more than a continuous process of ecphoration
+of old engrams, one after another. And the
+entire complex of our living human organism is
+made up entirely of these energy-complexes engraved
+on our consciousness or subconsciousness. The sum
+total of all these engrams, in a living human being,
+according to the theory advanced, is given the name
+of <i>mnema</i>. That which the child receives in the
+way of energies contained in the germ-cells from
+its ancestors is his hereditary <i>mnema</i>. And that
+which he acquires in the course of his own individual
+life is his acquired or individual <i>mnema</i>.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_III" id="CHAPTER_III"></a>CHAPTER III<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span></h2>
+
+<h3>SEX IN MALE CHILDHOOD<br />
+
+<small>(FROM 14 TO 16)</small></h3>
+
+
+<p class="newchapter"><span class="firstword"><span class="dropcap">D</span>uring</span> the first years of child life all those
+laws of practical hygiene which make for good
+health should be carefully observed. Every organ
+of the body should be carefully protected, even at
+this early age. The genital organs, especially,
+should not be rubbed or handled under any pretext,
+beyond what is absolutely necessary for cleanliness.
+The organs of generation, which we are apt
+to treat as nonexistent in children, just because they
+are children, claim just as much watchful care as
+any others.</p>
+
+
+<h5>SEX PRECAUTIONS IN INFANCY</h5>
+
+<p>Even in infancy, the diaper should fit easily about
+the organs which it covers, so as not to give rise
+to undue friction or heating of the parts. And for
+the same reason it should always be changed immediately
+after urination or a movement of the
+bowels. No material which prevents the escape of
+perspiration, urine or fecal matter should be employed
+for a diaper. The use of a chair-commode
+as early as the end of the first year is highly to be
+commended, as being more comfortable for the
+sex organs and healthier for the child. It favors,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span>
+in particular, a more perfect development of limbs
+and hip joints.</p>
+
+
+<h5>EARLY SEX IMPRESSIONS</h5>
+
+<p>Sex impressions and reactions are apt to develop
+at an early age, especially in the case of boys. If
+the child's physical health is normal, however, they
+should not affect his mind or body. The growing
+boy should be encouraged to take his sex questions
+and sex problems to his parents (in his case preferably
+the father) for explanation. Thus they may
+be made clear to him naturally and logically. He
+should not be told what he soon discovers is not
+true: that babies are &#8220;dug up with a silver spade,&#8221;
+or make their appearances in the family thanks to
+the kind offices of storks or angels. Instead, by
+analogy with the reproductive processes of all
+nature, the true facts of sex may be explained to
+him in a soothing and normal way.</p>
+
+
+<h5>EVIL COMMUNICATIONS</h5>
+
+<p>Too often, the growing boy receives his first lessons
+regarding sex from ignorant and vicious associates.
+Curiosity is one of the greatest natural
+factors in the child's proper development, if rightly
+directed. When wrongly led, however, it may have
+the worst consequences. Even before puberty occurs,
+a boy's attention may be quite naturally drawn
+to his own sex organs.</p>
+
+
+<h5>NATURAL CAUSES OF INFANT SEXUAL PRECOCITY</h5>
+
+<p>Sexual precocity in boys may be natural or it may
+be artificially called forth. Among natural causes<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span>
+which develop sex precocity is promiscuous playing
+with other boys and girls for hours without supervision.
+It may also be produced by playful repose
+on the stomach, sliding down banisters, going too
+long without urinating, by constipation or straining
+at stool, irritant cutaneous affections, and rectal
+worms. Sliding down banisters, for instance, produces
+a titillation. The act may be repeated until
+inveterate masturbation results, even at an early age.
+Needless laving, handling and rubbing of the private
+parts is another natural incitement to sexual
+precocity.</p>
+
+
+<h5>PRIAPISM</h5>
+
+<p><i>Priapism</i> is a disease which boys often develop.
+It may be either a result or a cause of sexual precocity,
+and may come from undue handling of the
+genital parts or from a morbid state of health. It
+takes the form of paroxysms, more or less frequent,
+and of violent and often painful erection,
+calling for a physician's attention. If the result
+of a functional disorder, and not arrested, it is in
+danger of giving rise to masturbation. This morbid
+condition sometimes seriously impairs the health.</p>
+
+
+<h5>MASTURBATION</h5>
+
+<p><i>Masturbation</i>, the habit of self-abuse, often
+formed before puberty, is an artificial development
+of sexual precocity. Most boys, from the age of
+nine to fourteen, interest themselves in sex questions
+and matters, but these are usually presented to
+them in a lewd and improper manner, by improperly
+informed companions. Dwelling upon these thoughts<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span>
+the boy is led to play with his sex organs in secret
+and masturbation results. A secret vice of the most
+dangerous kind, masturbation or self-pollution is
+often taught by older boys and takes place, to quote
+an authority &#8220;in many of our colleges, boarding,
+public and private schools,&#8221; and is also indulged
+in by companions beneath the home roof. If it
+becomes habitual, generally impaired health, and
+often epilepsy, and total moral and physical degradation
+results. Stains on the nightshirt or sheet
+occurring before puberty are absolute evidence of
+the vice in boys.</p>
+
+
+<h5>WHAT FATHERS SHOULD DO FOR THEIR BOYS</h5>
+
+<p>Make sex facts clear to your boy as interesting,
+matter-of-fact developments of general natural
+laws. Ungratified or improperly gratified curiosity
+is what leads to a young boy's overemphasizing the
+facts of sex as they apply to him. Make him your
+confidant. Teach him to think cleanly and to act
+cleanly, neither to ignore nor to exalt the sexual.
+Especially, when he himself is directly disturbed
+sexually, either in a mental or physical way, let
+him feel that he can apply to you naturally for
+relief and explanation. If this be done, your boy's
+sex development before puberty will be natural and
+normal, and when the more serious and difficult
+problems of adolescence present themselves, he
+will be prepared to handle them on the basis of
+right thinking and right living. Natural and healthy
+sport in the open air, and the avoidance of foul
+language and indecency should be stressed. The<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[24]</a></span>
+use of alcohol, coffee and tea by children tends to
+weaken their sexual organs. Every boy should
+know that chastity means continence. He should
+know that lascivious thoughts lead to lascivious
+actions, and that these are a drain on his system
+which may spoil his life in later years.</p>
+
+<p>In the education of his children the average man
+is only too apt to repeat the same mistake of unconsciously
+crediting the child with the possession
+of his own feelings and his own outlook, that is the
+feelings and outlook of the adult. In general,
+things which may make an impression in a sex
+way on the adult are a matter of indifference to
+the sexually unripe boy. Hence it is quite possible
+for a father to discuss sex matters with his young
+son and inform him constructively, without in any
+undue way rousing his sex curiosity or awakening
+desire. Such talks, of course, should be in accordance
+with the principles already laid down in
+the section on &#8220;Reproduction.&#8221;</p>
+
+<p>If a boy is accustomed and taught to regard sex
+conditions and matters in a proper and innocent
+manner, as something perfectly natural, improper
+curiosity and eroticism are far less likely to be
+aroused than when this is not the case. For the
+whole subject will have lost the dangerous attraction
+of novelty. On the other hand, we find boys
+who have been brought up with great prudery and
+in complete ignorance of sex matters (save that
+which may come to them from impure sources)
+greatly excited and ashamed by the first appearance
+of the indications of puberty. Secrecy is the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span>
+enemy of a clean, normal conception on the part
+of the child as to the right place sex and the sex
+function play in life and in the world. It stands
+to reason, of course, that every least detail of the
+sex question cannot be intelligently made clear to a
+little child. But his questions should all be answered,
+honestly, and with due regard for his age and his
+capacity to understand what is explained to him.</p>
+
+<p>One very great advantage of an early paternal
+explanation of sex matters to the boy is its beneficial
+effect on the mind and the nerves. Many boys brood
+or grow melancholy when confronted with sex riddles
+and problems for which they are unable to find
+a solution; and as the result of totally erroneous
+ideas they may have formed with regard to sex
+matters. At the same time too much attention should
+not be paid the discussion of sex questions between
+father and son. A father should, so far as possible,
+endeavor to develop other interests and preoccupations
+in his boy, and turn his mind as much as may
+be <i>away</i> from matters sexual, until the age when
+the youth is ripe for marriage is reached.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_IV" id="CHAPTER_IV"></a>CHAPTER IV<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[26]</a></span></h2>
+
+<h3>SEX IN FEMALE CHILDHOOD<br />
+
+<small>(FROM 12 TO 14)</small></h3>
+
+
+<p class="newchapter"><span class="firstword"><span class="dropcap">W</span>hat</span> has been said in general about practical
+observance of the laws of sex hygiene in the
+preceding chapter for boys, applies to girls as well.
+If anything the sex precautions taken in infancy
+should be even more closely followed, as girls are
+by nature less robust than boys. If children could
+be raised in entire accordance with natural laws,
+the sexual instinct of girls as well as boys would
+probably remain dormant during the period stretching
+from infancy to puberty. As in the case of the
+boy, so in that of the girl, any manifestation of
+sexual precocity should be investigated, to see
+whether it be due to natural or artificial causes. In
+either case the proper remedies should be applied.</p>
+
+
+<h5>SEX PRECOCITY IN GIRLS</h5>
+
+<p>There are cases of extraordinary sex precocity
+in girls. One case reported in the United States
+was that of a female child who at birth possessed
+all the characteristics usually developed at puberty.
+In this case the natural periodical changes began at
+birth! Fortunately, this is a case more or less unique.
+In little girls and boys undue sexual handling or<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[27]</a></span>
+titillating of their genital organs tends to quiet
+them, so nurses (let us hope in ignorance of the
+consequences!) often resort to it. Sending children
+to bed very early, to &#8220;get rid of them,&#8221; or confining
+them in a room by themselves, tends to encourage
+the development of vicious habits. A single bed,
+both in the school and in the home, is indispensable
+to purity of morals and personal cleanliness. It
+tends to restrain too early development of the
+sexual instinct both in small girls and small boys.</p>
+
+
+<h5>SEXUAL SELF-ABUSE IN GIRLS</h5>
+
+<p>Small girls, like small boys, display an intelligent
+curiosity as regards the phenomena of sex at an
+early age. And what has already been said regarding
+its improper gratification in the preceding
+chapter, so far as boys are concerned, applies with
+equal force to them. In their case, however, the
+mother is a girl's natural confidant and friend.
+Self-abuse in one or another form is as common
+in the case of the girl as in that of the boy. As a
+rule, girls who live an outdoor life, and work with
+their muscles more than their mind, do not develop
+undue precocious sexual curiosities or desires. At
+least they do not do so to the same extent as those
+more nervously and susceptibly constituted. The
+less delicate and sensitive children of the country
+tend less to these habits than their more sensitively
+organized city brothers and sisters. Girls who have
+formed vicious habits are apt to indulge in the practice
+of self-abuse at night when going to bed. If
+there is cause for suspicion, the bedclothes should<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[28]</a></span>
+be quickly and suddenly thrown off under some
+pretense. Self-abuse usually has a marked effect on
+the genital organs of girls. The inner organs become
+unnaturally enlarged and distended, and
+<i>leucorrhea</i>, catarrh of the vagina, attended by a
+discharge of greenish-white mucus, often develops.</p>
+
+
+<h5>RESULTS OF SELF-ABUSE IN GIRLS</h5>
+
+<p>Local diseases, due to this cause, result in girls
+as well as boys. Temporary congestions become
+permanent, and develop into permanent irritations
+and disorders. Leucorrhea has already been mentioned.
+Contact with the acrid, irritating internal
+secretions also causes <i>soreness of the fingers at
+the root of the nails</i>, and warts. Congestion and
+other diseases are other ultimate results of the habit;
+and these congestions to which it gives rise unduly
+hasten the advent of puberty. Any <i>decided enlargement
+of the labia and clitoris in a young girl</i> may be
+taken as a positive evidence of the existence of the
+habit of self-abuse. Sterility, and atrophy of the
+breasts&mdash;their deficient development&mdash;when the vice
+is begun before puberty, is another result.</p>
+
+
+<h5>PRURITIS AND FEMININE NOCTURNAL EMISSIONS</h5>
+
+<p><i>Pruritis</i> (itching genitals), though not necessarily
+caused by self-abuse, may be one of its consequences.
+Continued congestion causes the genital parts
+to itch terribly. This itching increases until the
+desire to manipulate the genitals becomes irresistible.
+It will then be indulged in even in the presence
+of strangers, though the girl in question at<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[29]</a></span>
+other times may be exceptionally modest. Girls
+addicted to the vice also suffer from nocturnal
+emissions. The general effect of self-abuse is much
+the same in the case of a girl as in that of a boy,
+for leucorrhea is injurious in somewhat the same
+fashion as seminal loss. In the case of girls the
+greatest injury, however, is due to the nervous exhaustion
+which succeeds the unnatural excitement.</p>
+
+
+<h5>WHAT MOTHERS SHOULD DO FOR THEIR GIRLS</h5>
+
+<p>A healthy girl should be happy and comfortable
+in all respects. She will not be so, especially with
+regard to her sex problems, unless she can appeal
+to her mother as a friend and confidant. While
+keeping your girl's mind pure and healthy by precept
+and example, do not forget that the best way
+to protect her against evil influences and communications
+is to tell her the exact truth about sex facts,
+as they apply to her, just as the father should his
+boy. Keep your girl fully occupied and do not leave
+her sex education to the evil winds of chance.</p>
+
+<p>Let sex knowledge take its place as a proper,
+necessary part of her general education. If your
+daughter feels she can at all times talk freely to
+you all will be well. Gratify her natural sex curiosity
+in a natural way. See that <i>immediate</i> medical
+attention is given inflammations, excoriations, itchings
+and swellings of her genital organs. Such conditions
+will lead her to rub and scratch these parts&mdash;never
+to be touched&mdash;for relief. If, as a result of
+the sensations experienced, masturbation results,
+<i>yours is the sin</i>.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_V" id="CHAPTER_V"></a>CHAPTER V<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[30]</a></span></h2>
+
+<h3>SEX IN THE ADOLESCENT MALE<br />
+
+<small>(FROM PUBERTY TO MATURITY)</small></h3>
+
+
+<p class="newchapter"><span class="firstword"><span class="dropcap">A</span>dolescence</span> is the period when the boy is
+lost in the man. It is the time of life embraced
+between the ages of fourteen or sixteen and the age
+of twenty-five. Every boy, if properly trained,
+should reach this period in a state of good general
+health and spirits. Hitherto he has been led and
+guided. Now he must develop mental strength and
+will power himself to choose the good and refuse
+the evil in the sexual problems confronting him.</p>
+
+
+<h5>PUBERTY</h5>
+
+<p>According to climate puberty, the age when the
+human male becomes sexually perfect, varies from
+ten to fifteen years. In the United States puberty in
+the male usually occurs at the age of fourteen and a
+half years. In tropical climates it occurs at nine or
+ten, and in cold countries, such as Norway and
+Siberia, it may not take place until eighteen or
+nineteen. Vigorous physical exercise tends to delay
+puberty, anything exciting the emotions tends to
+hasten it. Stimulating foods, pepper, vinegar, mustard,
+spices, tea and coffee, excess meat nutriment
+hasten puberty. A cool, unstimulating vegetable
+and farinaceous diet may delay the development of
+the sexual system several months or a year.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[31]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h5>THE SIGNS AND CHANGES OF PUBERTY</h5>
+
+<p>In the boy the signs of puberty are the growth
+of hair on the skin covering the pubes and in the
+armpits. Chest and arms broaden, the frame grows
+more angular, the masculine proportions more pronounced.
+The vocal cords grow longer and lower
+the pitch of the voice. Hair grows on chin, upper
+lip, cheeks, and often on the body surface.</p>
+
+
+<h5>THE SEXUAL MORAL LAW</h5>
+
+<p>The sexual moral law is the same for both sexes,
+and equally binding. It may be summed up as
+follows: &#8220;Your sexual urges, instincts and desires
+should never consciously injure an individual human
+being or mankind in general. They should be exercised
+to further the value and happiness of both.&#8221;</p>
+
+
+<h5>THE MALE ADOLESCENT AND CONTINENCE</h5>
+
+<p>The perfect carrying out of this general moral
+law implies continence on the part of the male
+adolescent until marriage. Continence is positive
+restraint under all circumstances. Strict continence
+is neither injurious to health, nor does it produce
+impotence. While self-denial is difficult, since the
+promptings of nature often seem imperious, it is not
+impossible. It is certain that no youth will suffer,
+physically, by remaining sexually pure. The demands
+which occur during adolescence are mainly
+abnormal, due to the excitements of an overstimulating
+diet, pornographic literature and art, and the
+temptations of impure association.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h5>WHY YOUNG MEN GO WRONG</h5>
+
+<p>Foul thoughts, once they enter the mind, corrode
+it. The sensual glance, the bawdy laugh, the ribald
+jest, the smutty story, the obscene song may be met
+with on street corner, in the car, train, hotel lobby,
+lecture hall and workshop. Mental unchastity ends
+in physical unchastity. The habit common to most
+adolescent boys and young men of relating smutty
+stories, repeating foul jokes and making indecent
+allusions destroys respect for virtue. In addition
+there are such direct physical causes of undue adolescent
+sexual excitement as constipation and alcoholism,
+and such mental ones as nervous irritability.</p>
+
+<p>To the constant discussion and speculation regarding
+sex and its mysteries by the adolescent
+young male, must be added the artificial idea that
+idle prattling on the subject is a sign of &#8220;manhood.&#8221;
+Thus many young men whose natural trend is in the
+direction of decency and right sexual living, &#8220;step
+out&#8221; or &#8220;go to see the girls,&#8221; as the phrase is, because
+they think that otherwise &#8220;they are not real
+men.&#8221; More subtle in its evil effect, yet somewhat
+less dangerous physically, perhaps, than the professional
+prostitute is the lure of the &#8220;hidden&#8221; prostitute,
+who carefully conceals her derelictions, and
+publicly wraps herself in a mantle of virtue.</p>
+
+
+<h5>PROSTITUTION</h5>
+
+<p>The training of the average male mind in impure
+language and thought during boyhood and adolescence,
+the cultivation of his animal at the expense<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[33]</a></span>
+of the moral nature, often leads the adolescent to
+seek satisfaction by frequenting the prostitute.</p>
+
+<p><i>Prostitution</i>, known as the &#8220;social evil,&#8221; is promiscuous
+unchastity for gain. It has existed in all
+civilized countries from earliest times. Prostitution
+abuses the instinct for reproduction, the basic
+element of sex, to offer certain women a livelihood
+which they prefer to other means. Love of excitement,
+inherited criminal propensities, indolence and
+abnormal sex appetite are first causes of prostitution.
+Difficulty in finding work, laborious and
+ill-paid work, harsh treatment of girls at home,
+indecent living among the poor, contact with
+demoralizing companions, loose literature and
+amusements are secondary causes. They all contribute
+to debauch male and female youth and lead it to
+form dangerous habits of vicious sensual indulgence.</p>
+
+<p>Prostitution seems inseparable from human society
+in large communities. The fact is acknowledged
+in the name given it, &#8220;the necessary evil.&#8221; Regulation
+and medical control only arrest in a degree the
+spread of venereal diseases to which prostitution
+gives rise. The elementary laws on which prostitution
+rests seems to be stronger than the artificial
+codes imposed by moral teaching. It is an evil
+which must be combatted <i>individually</i>. Men are
+principally responsible, in one way or another, for
+the existence of the social evil. In the case of the
+young man, abstention is the only cure for the
+probable results of indulging his animal passions by
+recourse to the prostitute.</p>
+
+<p>Prostitution, both public and private is the most<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[34]</a></span>
+dangerous menace to society at large. It is the curse
+of individual young manhood because of the venereal
+diseases it spreads. One visit to a house of
+prostitution may ruin a young man's health and life,
+and millions of human beings die annually from the
+effects of poison contracted in these houses. &#8220;Wild
+oats&#8221; sown in company with the prostitute usually
+bear fruit in the shape of the most loathsome and
+destructive sex disorders.</p>
+
+<p>The development of self-control, the avoidance of
+impure thoughts and associations, the cultivation
+of the higher moral nature instead of the lower
+animal one, and, finally, <i>marriage</i>, should prevent
+the young man from falling into prostitution. All
+the state and medical regulation in the world will
+not protect him from the venereal diseases he is so
+apt to acquire by such indulgence.</p>
+
+
+<h5>FREE LOVE</h5>
+
+<p>Free love is the doctrine of <i>unrestrained choice,
+without binding ties</i>, in sexual relations. For altogether
+different reasons, however, it is quite as
+objectionable as prostitution for the young man. It
+may offer better hygienic guarantees. But it is a
+sexual partnership which is opposed to the fundamental
+institution of <i>marriage</i>, on which society in
+general is based throughout the world. And, aside
+from the fact that it is a promiscuous relationship
+not sanctioned by law or society, it is seldom practically
+successful. It cannot admit of true love without
+bitter jealousies.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_VI" id="CHAPTER_VI"></a>CHAPTER VI<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[35]</a></span></h2>
+
+<h3>SEX IN THE ADOLESCENT FEMALE<br />
+
+<small>(FROM PUBERTY TO MATURITY)</small></h3>
+
+
+<p class="newchapter"><span class="firstword"><span class="dropcap">A</span>dolescence</span> in the girl is the period when
+she develops into a woman. It is that stage
+in female life embraced between the ages of twelve
+or fourteen and twenty-one years. Elasticity of
+body, a clear complexion, and a happy control of
+her feelings should mark the young girl at this time,
+if she has been so fortunate as to escape the dangers
+and baneful influences of childhood and infancy.
+Her numerous bodily functions should be
+well performed. Thus constituted she should be in
+a condition to take up her coming struggle with the
+world, and the sex problem it will present.</p>
+
+
+<h5>PUBERTY</h5>
+
+<p>It has been noticed that in the case of girls,
+puberty usually occurs earlier in brunettes than in
+blondes. In general, it makes its appearance earlier
+in those of a nervous or bilio-nervous temperament
+than in those whose temperament is phlegmatic or
+lymphatic. In the United States fourteen and a
+half years is the usual age of puberty in girls. In
+tropical lands, however, it is not uncommon for a
+girl to be a mother at twelve. Country girls (and
+boys) usually mature several months or a year later
+than those living in cities. Too early a puberty in<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[36]</a></span>
+girls may well arouse concern. It usually indicates
+some inherent constitutional weakness. Premature
+puberty is often associated with premature decay.</p>
+
+
+<h5>THE SIGNS AND CHANGES OF PUBERTY</h5>
+
+<p>In the girl the sign of puberty is the growth of
+hair about the pubes, private organs and armpits.
+Her whole frame remains more slender than in the
+male. Muscles and joints are less prominent, limbs
+more rounded and tapering. Internal and external
+organs undergo rapid enlargement, locally. The
+<i>mamm&aelig;</i> (the breasts) enlarge, the ovaries dilate,
+and a periodical uteral discharge (menstruation) is
+established.</p>
+
+
+<h5>MENSTRUATION</h5>
+
+<p>No young girl should feel alarmed if, owing
+to the negligence of her parents or guardians to prepare
+her, she is surprised by this first flow from
+the genital organs. Puberty is the proper time
+for the appearance of menstruation. This is the
+periodical development and discharge of an ovule
+(one or more) by the female, accompanied by the
+discharge of a fluid, known as menses or catamenia.
+Menstruation, in general good health, should occur
+about every twenty-eight days, or once in four
+weeks. This rule, however, is subject to great
+variation. Menstruation continues from puberty to
+about the forty-fifth year, which usually marks the
+<i>menopause</i>, or &#8220;change of life.&#8221; When it disappears
+a woman is no longer capable of bearing children.
+Her period of fertility has passed. In rare cases
+menstruation has stopped at 35, or lasted till 60.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[37]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h5>HINTS FOR OBSERVANCE DURING MENSTRUATION</h5>
+
+<p>When the period arrives a girl or woman has a
+feeling of discomfort and lassitude, there is a sense
+of weight, and a disclination for society. Menstruation
+should not, however, be regarded as a nuisance;
+a girl's friends respect her most when she is &#8220;unwell.&#8221;
+She should keep more than usually quiet
+while the flow continues, which it will do for a few
+days. Also, she should avoid all unnecessary fatigue,
+exposure to wet or to extremes of temperature.
+Some girls are guilty of the crime of trying
+to arrest the menstruation flow, and resorting to
+methods of stopping it. Why? In order to attend
+a dance or pleasure excursion! Lives have been lost
+by thus suppressing the monthly flux. Mothers
+should instruct their daughters when the menses are
+apt to begin, and what their function is. During
+menstruation great care must be taken in using
+water internally. A chill is sufficient to arrest the
+flow. If menstruation does not establish itself in a
+healthy or normal manner at the proper time,
+consult a physician in order to remove this abnormal
+condition. Any disturbance of the delicate
+menstrual functions during the period, by constrained
+positions, muscular effort, brain work
+and mental or physical excitement, is apt to have
+serious consequences.</p>
+
+
+<h5>CONTINENCE AND THE YOUNG ADOLESCENT GIRL</h5>
+
+<p>Continence is, as a rule more easily observed by
+the adolescent girl than by the adolescent youth.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[38]</a></span>
+Ordinarily the normal young girl has no <i>undue</i>
+sexual propensities, amorous thoughts or feelings.
+Though she is exposed to the danger of meeting
+other girls who may be lewd in thought and speech,
+in the houses of friends or at school, she is not apt
+to be carried away by their example. Yet even a
+good, pure-minded young girl may be debauched.
+Especially during adolescence, the easy observance
+of natural continence depends greatly on the proper
+functioning of the feminine genital organs. These
+may be easily disturbed. The syringe used for injections,
+for so-called purposes of cleanliness, is in
+reality a danger. The inner organs are self-cleansing.
+Water or other fluids cast into them disorder
+the mucous follicles, and dry up their secretions,
+preventing the flowing out of some of Nature's
+necessities. A daily washing of the inner organs
+for a long period with water also produces chronic
+leucorrhea.</p>
+
+
+<h5>WHY YOUNG GIRLS FALL</h5>
+
+<p>Lack of proper early training, abnormal sex instincts,
+weak good nature, poverty, all may be responsible
+for a young girl's moral downfall. As a
+general thing, right home training and home environment,
+and sane sex education will prevent the normally
+good girl from going wrong. It should be
+remembered, though, that a naturally more gentle
+and yielding disposition may easily lead her into
+temptation. Girls who are sentimentally inclined
+should beware of giving way to advances on the part
+of young men which have only one object in view:
+the gratification of their animal passion.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[39]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>The holding of hands and similar innocent beginnings
+often pave the way for more familiar caresses.
+Passionate kisses&mdash;the promiscuous kiss, by the
+way, may be the carrier of that dread infection,
+syphilis&mdash;violently awaken a young girl's sex instincts.
+The fact is that many innocent girls idealize
+their seducers. They believe their lying promises,
+actually come to love them, and think that in gratifying
+their inflamed desires, they are giving a proof
+of the depth and purity of their own affection.</p>
+
+<p>Here, as in the case of the young man, self-control
+should be the first thing cultivated. And self-control
+should be made doubly sure by never
+permitting one of the opposite sex to show undue
+familiarity. Many a seemingly innocent flirtation,
+begun with a kiss, has ended in shame and disgrace,
+in loss of social standing and position, venereal
+disease, or even death. The pure-minded and innocent
+girl often becomes a victim of her ignorance
+of the consequences entailed by giving in to the desires
+of some male companion. <i>The girl who has a
+knowledge of sex facts is less apt to be taken advantage
+of in this manner.</i></p>
+
+
+<h5>MODERN CONDITIONS WHICH ENCOURAGE
+IMMORALITY</h5>
+
+<p><i>Excessive Freedom.</i>&mdash;The excessive freedom
+granted the young girl, especially since the World
+War, must be held responsible for a great increase
+in familiarity between the adolescent youth of both
+sexes. Many young girls of the &#8220;flapper&#8221; type,
+in particular, are victims of these conditions<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[40]</a></span>
+of unrestrained sex association. Sex precocity
+is furthered in coeducational colleges, in the high
+school and the home. Adolescents of both sexes too
+often are practically unhampered in their comings
+and goings, their words and actions. The surreptitious
+pocket flask, filled with &#8220;hooch,&#8221; is often a
+feature of social parties, dances and affairs frequented
+by young people. Girls and boys drink together,
+and as alcohol weakens moral resistance in
+the one case, and stimulates desire in the other, deplorable
+consequences naturally result. In the
+United States the number of girls &#8220;sent home&#8221; from
+colleges, and of high-school girls being privately
+treated by physicians to save them from disgrace, is
+incredibly large.</p>
+
+<p>Parents who do not control the social activities
+of their daughters, who permit them to spend their
+evenings away from home with only a general idea
+of what they are doing or whom they are meeting,
+need not be surprised if their morals are undermined.</p>
+
+<p><i>The Auto.</i>&mdash;The advent of the automobile is
+responsible for an easy and convenient manner of
+satisfying precociously aroused sex instincts in
+young girls and boys. Often, unconscientious pleasure-seekers
+roam the roads in their auto. They accost
+girls who are walking and offer them a &#8220;lift.&#8221;
+When the latter refuse to gratify their desires
+they are often beaten and flung from the car. The
+daily press has given such publicity to this civilized
+form of &#8220;head hunting,&#8221; that it is difficult to sympathize
+with girls who are thus treated. They cannot<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[41]</a></span>
+help but know that in nine cases out of ten, a
+stranger who invites them to a ride, who &#8220;picks&#8221;
+them up, does so with the definite purpose already
+mentioned in view.</p>
+
+<p><i>Poverty.</i>&mdash;Poverty, too, plays a large part in
+driving young girls into a life of vice. In all our
+large cities there are hundreds of young women
+who earn hardly enough to buy food and fuel and
+pay for the rent of a room in a cheap lodging house.
+Feminine youth longs for dress, for company, for
+entertainment. It is easy enough to find a &#8220;gentleman
+friend&#8221; who will provide all three, in exchange
+for &#8220;companionship.&#8221; So the bargain is struck.
+These conditions exist in a hundred and one occupations.
+A young woman may go to a large city as
+pure as snow, but finding no lucrative employment,
+lonely and despondent, she is led to take her first
+step on the downward path. Soon daily contact with
+vice removes abhorrence to it. Familiarity makes it
+habitual, and another life is ruined. The heartless
+moral code of the cynical young pleasure-seeking
+male is summed up in the cant phrase anent
+women: &#8220;Find, ... and forget!&#8221; It is these girls,
+who are victimized by their lack of self-restraint or
+moral principle, their ignorance or weakness, who
+make possible the application of such a maxim.</p>
+
+
+<h5>VIRGINITY</h5>
+
+<p>Both mental and physical purity are rightfully required
+of the young girl about to marry. How shall
+she acquire and maintain this desirable state of
+purity? The process is a simple one. <i>She must let a<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[42]</a></span>
+knowledge of the true hygienic and moral laws of
+her sex guide her in her relations with men.</i> She
+must cultivate clean thought on a basis of physical
+cleanliness. She need not be ignorant to be pure.
+Men she should study carefully. She should not
+allow them to sit with their arm about her waist, to
+hold her hand, to kiss her. No approach nor touch
+beyond what the best social observance sanctions
+should be permitted. Even the tendernesses and
+familiarities of courtship should be restrained. An
+engagement does not necessarily culminate in a
+marriage, and once the foot has slipped on virtue's
+path the error cannot be recalled. These considerations,
+together with those adduced in the preceding
+section, &#8220;Why Young Girls Fall,&#8221; are well worth
+taking to heart by every young woman who wishes
+to approach matrimony in the right and proper way.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_VII" id="CHAPTER_VII"></a>CHAPTER VII<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[43]</a></span></h2>
+
+<h3>SEX IN THE MARRIAGE RELATION<br />
+
+<small>THE HUSBAND</small></h3>
+
+
+<p class="newchapter"><span class="firstword"><span class="dropcap">M</span>arriage</span> is the process by which a man and
+woman enter into a complete physical, legal
+and moral union. The natural object of marriage
+is the complete community of life for the establishment
+of a family.</p>
+
+
+<h5>THE MARRIAGEABLE AGE AND ADAPTATION</h5>
+
+<p>At twenty-four the male body attains its complete
+development; and twenty-five is a proper age for the
+young man to marry. Romantic love, personal
+affection on a basis of congeniality, mutual adaptation,
+a similar social sphere of life, should determine
+his choice. Nature and custom indicate that the
+husband should be somewhat older than the wife.</p>
+
+
+<h5>MEN WHO SHOULD NOT MARRY</h5>
+
+<p>Men suffering with diseases which may be communicated
+by contagion or heredity should not
+marry. These diseases include: tuberculosis, syphilis,
+cancer, leprosy, epilepsy and some nervous disorders,
+some skin diseases and insanity. A worn-out
+rake has no business to marry, since marriage is not
+a hospital for the treatment of disease, or a reformatory
+institution for moral lepers. Those having a<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[44]</a></span>
+marked tendency to disease must not marry those
+of similar tendency. The marriage of cousins is not
+to be advocated. The blood relation tends to bring
+together persons with similar morbid tendencies.
+Where both are healthy, however, there seems to be
+no special liability to mental incompetency, though
+such marriages are accused of producing defective
+or idiot children. Men suffering from congenital
+defects should not marry. Natural blindness, deafness,
+muteness, and congenital deformities of limb
+are more or less likely to be passed on to their children.
+There are cases of natural blindness, though,
+to which this rule does not apply. Criminals, alcoholics,
+and persons disproportionate in size should
+not marry. In the last-mentioned, lack of mutual
+physical adaptability may produce much unhappiness,
+especially on the part of the wife. Serious
+local disease, sterility, and great risk in childbirth
+may result. Disparity of years, disparity of race, a
+poverty which will not permit the proper raising of
+children, undesirable moral character are all good
+reasons for not marrying.</p>
+
+
+<h5>MEDICAL EXAMINATION BEFORE MARRIAGE</h5>
+
+<p>Medical examination as a preliminary to marriage
+is practically more valuable than a marriage license.
+Since many entirely innocent young girls to-day
+suffer from disease, incurred either through hereditary
+or accidental infection, a would-be husband
+may be said to be quite as much entitled to protection
+as his bride-to-be. Prohibitive physical defects
+are also discovered in this connection.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_VIII" id="CHAPTER_VIII"></a>CHAPTER VIII<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[45]</a></span></h2>
+
+<h3>SEX IN THE MARRIAGE RELATION<br />
+
+<small>THE WIFE</small></h3>
+
+
+<p class="newchapter"><span class="firstword"><span class="dropcap">G</span>irls</span> marry, in the final analysis, because love
+for the male is an innate natural principle of
+the female nature. At its best this love is pure and
+chaste. The good woman realizes that its first purpose
+is not mere carnal pleasure. It is a special
+avowal of the wife's relations to her husband, and
+its natural as well as moral end is the establishment
+of the family on the basis of a healthy progeny.</p>
+
+
+<h5>BEFORE MARRIAGE</h5>
+
+<p>The wife-to-be, like her prospective husband, will
+be well advised to ask for a medical health certificate.
+No man, no matter how good his reputation
+may be, should marry (on his own account as well
+as that of the girl) without thorough examination
+by a physician. The consequences of venereal infection
+administered to unborn children by their parents
+are too horrible to allow of any risk being
+taken. Another bit of advice, which cannot be too
+highly commended, is that the prospective husband
+and wife, before they marry, have a plain talk with
+each other regarding individual sexual peculiarities
+and needs. A heart-to-heart talk of this kind would<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[46]</a></span>
+be apt to prevent great disappointments and incompatibilities
+which otherwise may become permanent.</p>
+
+
+<h5>THE WIFE AND HER POSITION</h5>
+
+<p>The natural instinct of a man is to seek his mate.
+On her he depends for an orderly and lawful indulgence
+of his sex demands. The greatest longevity
+and best health are to be found among happily married
+fathers and mothers. No young woman should
+marry without a full knowledge of her sex duties
+to her husband. And she should never consummate
+the marriage vow grudgingly.</p>
+
+
+<h5>CHILDBIRTH HYGIENE</h5>
+
+<p>Childbirth is the natural consequence of marriage.
+Its processes have already been explained in Chapter
+II of this book. There are, however, some
+hygienic facts in connection with it which should
+be noted. Once pregnancy is established, as soon as
+the fact is suspected, the mother-to-be should look
+on the little embryo as already a member of the
+family. Every act of each parent should now be
+performed (at least to some degree) with reference
+to the forthcoming infant. The mother's thoughts
+should be directed to it as much as possible. Mentally
+she should read literature of a lofty and ennobling
+character. The theory is that this serves a
+good purpose in producing a more perfect, healthy
+and intelligent child. Physically, she should take
+plenty of active exercise during gestation. Active
+exercise does not, of course, mean violent exercise.
+And she should use a &#8220;Health Lift.&#8221; During this<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[47]</a></span>
+time she should subsist as far as possible on a farinaceous
+diet, fruits and vegetables. The foods
+should be plainly cooked, without spices. If all else
+is as it should be, the birth of the child at the end
+of the customary nine months will be attended by
+comparatively little pain and danger.</p>
+
+
+<h5>HOW OFTEN SHOULD CHILDBIRTH TAKE PLACE?</h5>
+
+<p>It is most important that the childbearing wife and
+mother have a long period of rest between births.
+At least one year should separate a birth and the
+conception following it. This means that about two
+years should elapse between two births. If this rule
+be followed, the wife will retain her health, and her
+children will also be healthy. It is far better to give
+birth to seven children, who will live and be healthy,
+than to bear fourteen, of whom seven are likely to
+die, while the numerous successive births wear out
+and age the unfortunate mother.</p>
+
+
+<h5>MATRIMONIAL ADJUSTMENT</h5>
+
+<p>The above paragraph deals with one detail of
+what might be called &#8220;matrimonial adjustment.&#8221;
+This adjustment or compromise is a feature of all
+successful marriages. The individual cravings of
+husband and wife must be reconciled by mutual
+good will and forbearance if they are to be happy.
+Attention should be paid in particular to not allowing
+habit, &#8220;the worst foe of married happiness,&#8221; to
+become too well established in the home, and to cultivate
+that love and affection which survives the
+decline of the sexual faculties.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[48]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h5>THE IDEAL MARRIAGE</h5>
+
+<p>The ideal marriage is the one in which affection
+combines to bring happiness to both partners in a
+sane union of sex and soul. As one commentator
+has rather unhappily expressed it: &#8220;When married
+the <i>battle</i> for one united and harmonious life really
+begins!&#8221; It is, indeed, but too often a <i>battle</i>! Forbearance,
+consideration and respect must be the
+foundation on which the ideal married state is built.
+The husband should realize that his wife's love for
+him induces her to allow privileges of a personal
+nature which her innate chastity and timidity might
+otherwise refuse. In return, he should accept these
+privileges with consideration. He should, in particular,
+on his wedding night, take care not to shock
+his young bride's sensibilities. He may easily give
+her a shock from which she will not recover for
+years, and lead her to form an antipathy against
+the very act which is &#8220;the bond and seal of a truly
+happy married life.&#8221;</p>
+
+
+<h5>BIRTH CONTROL</h5>
+
+<p>Material changes have taken place in the birth-rate
+of a number of countries during the past fifteen
+or twenty years which cannot be attributed to purely
+economic causes. They do not seem to depend on
+such things as trade, employment and prices; but
+on the spread of an idea or influence whose tendency
+must be deplored, that of &#8220;birth control,&#8221; a phrase
+much heard in these days.</p>
+
+<p>The fact that a decline in human fertility and a<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[49]</a></span>
+falling birth rate are most noticeable in the relatively
+prosperous countries is a proof that it does not proceed
+from economic causes; but is due rather to
+the spread of the doctrine that it is permissible to
+restrict or control birth. In such countries as the
+United States, England and Australasia, where the
+standards of human comfort and living are notoriously
+high, the decline in the birth rate has been
+most noticeable. On the other hand, we find perhaps
+the greatest decline in the birth rate in France,
+a country where the general well-being probably
+reaches a lower depth in the community than in any
+other part of Europe. A comparison of the birth
+rates of France and of Ireland, for example, offer
+a valuable illustration of the point under consideration.
+In France, more than half the women who
+have reached the age of nubility are married; in
+Ireland, generally speaking, less than a third. In
+both countries the crude birth rate is far below that
+in other European lands. Yet the fertility of the
+Irish wife exceeded that of her French compeer by
+44 per cent in 1880, and by no less than 84 per cent
+in 1900. And since that time the prolificity of the
+Irish mother has so increased that she is now, approximately
+speaking, inferior only to the Dutch or
+Finnish mother in this respect.</p>
+
+<p>In general, in any country where we find a
+diminished prolificity a falling off of childbirth <i>unaccompanied</i>
+by a decrease in the number of marriages
+occurring at the reproductive ages, we may
+attribute this decrease to <i>voluntary restriction of
+childbearing</i> on the part of the married, or in other<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[50]</a></span>
+words, to the prevalance of &#8220;birth control.&#8221; This
+incidentally, is not a theoretical statement, but one
+supported by the almost unanimous medical opinion
+in all countries. Everywhere and especially here in
+our own United States, we find evidence of the extensive
+employ of &#8220;birth control&#8221; measures to prevent
+that normal development of family life which
+underlies the vigor and racial power of every nation.
+These preventive measures which arbitrarily
+control human birth had long been in use in France
+with results which, especially since the war, have
+been frequently and publicly deplored in the press,
+and have led the French Government to offer substantial
+rewards to encourage the propagation of
+large families. From France the preventive practises
+of &#8220;birth control&#8221; had spread, after 1870,
+over nearly all the countries of western Europe, to
+England and to the United States; though they are
+not as much apparent in those countries where the
+Roman Church has a strong hold on the people.</p>
+
+<p>As a general thing, the practice of thus unnaturally
+limiting families&mdash;&#8220;unnaturally&#8221; since the
+custom of &#8220;birth control&#8221; derives from no natural,
+physical law&mdash;prevails, in the first instance, among
+the well-to-do, who should rather be the first to set
+the example of protest against it by having the
+families they are so much better able to support
+and educate than those less favored with the world's
+goods. If the evil of voluntary control of human
+birth were restricted to a privileged class, say one
+of wealth, the harm done would, perhaps, not be so
+great. But, unfortunately, in the course of time<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[51]</a></span>
+it filters down as a &#8220;gospel of comfort&#8221;&mdash;erroneous
+term!&mdash;to those whose resources are less. They
+accept and practice this invidious system of prevention
+and gradually the entire community is
+more or less affected.</p>
+
+<p>The whole system of &#8220;birth control&#8221; is opposed to
+natural, human and religious law. Nature, in none
+of her manifestations, introduces anything which
+may tend to prevent her great reason for being&mdash;the
+propagation of the species. Birth as the natural
+sequence of mating is her solemn and invariable
+law. It is in birth and rebirth that nature renews
+herself and all the life of the animal and vegetable
+world, and her primal aim is to encourage it. Human
+law recognizes this underlying law of nature
+by forbidding man to tamper in a preventive way
+with her hallowed and mysterious processes for
+perpetuating the human race. Religious law, based
+on the divine dispensation of the Scriptures, indorses
+the law of nature and that of the state.</p>
+
+<p>We may take it, then, that &#8220;birth control&#8221; represents
+a deliberate and reprehensible attempt to
+nullify those innate laws of reproduction sanctioned
+by religion, tradition and man's own ingrained instinct.
+To say that the human instinct for the perpetuation
+of his race and family has become
+atrophied during the flight of time, and that he is
+therefore justified in denying it, is merely begging
+the question. The instinct may be denied, just as
+other higher and nobler instincts are disregarded;
+but its validity cannot be questioned. Whether
+those who practice &#8220;birth control&#8221; are influenced<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[52]</a></span>
+by economic, selfishly personal or other reasons,
+they are offending in a threefold manner: against
+the inborn wish and desire which is a priceless possession
+of even the least of God's creatures, that
+of living anew in its offspring; against the law of
+the state, which after all, stands for the crystallization
+of the best feeling of the community; and
+against the divine injunction handed down to us
+in Holy Writ, to &#8220;increase and multiply.&#8221;</p>
+
+<p>&#8220;Birth control&#8221; is the foe to the direct end and
+aim of marriage, which, in the last analysis, is childbirth.
+As an enemy to the procreation of children
+it is an enemy of the family and the family group.
+As an enemy of the family, it is an enemy of the
+state, the community, a foe to the whole social
+system. Mankind has been able to attain its comparatively
+recent state of moral and physical advancement
+without having recourse to the dangerous
+principle which &#8220;birth control&#8221; represents. Surely
+that wise provision of our existing legal code which
+makes the printing or dessimation of information
+regarding the physical facts of &#8220;birth control&#8221; illegal
+and punishable as an offense, can only be approved
+by those who respect the Omnipotent will, and the
+time-hallowed traditions which date back to the
+very inception of the race.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_IX" id="CHAPTER_IX"></a>CHAPTER IX<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[53]</a></span></h2>
+
+<h3>SEX DISEASES</h3>
+
+
+<p class="newchapter"><span class="firstword"><span class="dropcap">T</span>he</span> sex diseases are the same in both sexes,
+whether developed by direct or accidental
+infection. They are the greatest practical argument
+in favor of continence, morality and marriage in
+the sex relation.</p>
+
+
+<h5>GONORRHEA</h5>
+
+<p>Gonorrhea is a pus-discharging inflammation of
+the canal known as the <i>urethra</i>, which passing
+through the entire length of the organ, carries both
+the urine and the seminal fluid. It is caused by a
+venereal bacillus, the <i>gonococcus</i>. Under favorable
+conditions and with right treatment, gonorrhea may
+be cured, though violently painful, in fourteen days.
+Often the inflammation extends, becomes chronic
+and attacks other organs. This chronic gonorrhea
+often causes permanent contraction of the urethra,
+which leads to the painful retention of urine,
+catarrh of the bladder, and stone. Chronic gonorrhea,
+too, often ends in death, especially if the
+kidneys are attacked. A cured case of gonorrhea
+does not mean immunity from further attacks. New
+infections are all the more easily acquired. Gonorrhea
+has even more dangerous consequences in
+women than in men. The <i>gonococcus</i> bacilli infect
+all the inner female genital organs. They cause<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[54]</a></span>
+frequent inflammations and lead to growths in the
+belly. Women thus attacked usually are apt to be
+sterile; they suffer agonies, and often become
+chronic invalids. The child born of a gonorrheal
+mother, while passing through the infected genital
+organs, comes to life with infected eyelids. This is
+<i>Blennorrhea</i>, which may result in total blindness.
+Gonorrhea also causes inflammation of the joints,
+gonorrheal rheumatism, testicular inflammations
+which may lead to sterility. Some authorities claim
+that fully half the sterility in women is caused by
+gonorrheal infection of the Fallopian tubes. Gonorrheal
+infection of the eyes at birth is now prevented
+by first washing them in a saturated solution
+of boric acid, then treating them with a drop of
+weak silver solution.</p>
+
+
+<h5>SYPHILIS</h5>
+
+<p>Syphilis is a still more terrible venereal disease.
+It usually appears first in small, hard sores, hard
+chancres, on the sexual parts or the mouth. Then
+the syphilitic poison spreads throughout the whole
+body by means of the blood. After a few weeks it
+breaks out on the face or body. Its final cure is
+always questionable. Syphilis may lie dormant for
+years, and then suddenly become active again. It
+breaks out in sores on all parts of the body, often
+eats up the bone, destroys internal organs, such as
+the liver, causes hardening of the lungs, diseases of
+the blood vessels and eye diseases. Ulcers of the
+brain and nerve paralysis often result from it. One
+of its most terrible consequences is consumption of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[55]</a></span>
+the spinal marrow and paralysis of the brain, or
+paresis. The first slowly hardens and destroys the
+spinal marrow, the second the brain. These diseases
+are only developed by previous syphilitics. As
+a rule they occur from 5 to 20 years after infection,
+usually 10 or 15 years after it. And they usually
+happen to persons who believed themselves completely
+cured. Consumption of the spinal marrow
+leads to death in the course of a few years of continual
+torture. Paralysis of the brain turns the
+sufferer into a human ruin, gradually extinguishing
+all mental and nervous functions, sentience,
+movement, speech and intellect.</p>
+
+<p>One danger of syphilis is the fact that its true
+nature may be overlooked during the first period,
+because of the lack of pronounced symptoms. Its
+early sores may easily be mistaken for some skin
+affection. Mercury and other means are successful
+in doing away with at least the more noticeable
+signs of syphilis during the first and secondary
+stages. The modern medical treatment using mercury
+and Salvarsan (606) in alternation, has been
+very successful. It is claimed that by following it,
+syphilis may be totally cured if taken in hand during
+the first stage. The sores developed during the first
+two or three years of the disease are very infectious.
+In the case of a chronic syphilis of three or four
+years' standing, the sores as a rule are no longer
+infectious. It is possible, however, for a syphilitic
+of this description to bring forth syphilitic children,
+<i>without infecting his wife</i>. Such children either die
+at birth, or later, of this congenital syphilis. They<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[56]</a></span>
+may also die of spinal consumption or paresis between
+the ages of 10 and 20. The mortality of
+all syphilitic children is very great. In most cases,
+however, healthy children are born of the wedlock
+of <i>relatively cured</i> syphilitics, though they are
+often sterile. Young men who have had recourse
+to prostitutes, often inoculate their wives with
+gonorrhea or syphilis, and thus the plague is spread.</p>
+
+
+<h5>THE SOFT CHANCRE</h5>
+
+<p>The soft chancre is the third form of venereal disease
+(the hard chancre being the first stage of
+syphilis). It is the least dangerous of the venereal
+diseases, but unfortunately, relatively the one which
+occurs most seldom. When not complicated with
+syphilis, it appears locally. It is a larger or smaller
+sore feeding and growing on the genital organs.</p>
+
+
+<h5>VENEREAL DISEASE AN ADVOCATE OF CONTINENCE</h5>
+
+<p>The most tragic consequence of all venereal disease
+is the part it plays in the infection of innocent
+children, and innocent wives and mothers. Often
+a pure and chaste woman is thus deprived in the
+most cruel and brutal manner of the fruit of all
+her hopes and dreams of happiness. Similarly, a
+young man may find himself hopelessly condemned
+to a short life of pain and misery. He may also
+suffer from the knowledge that he has ruined the
+lives of those dearest to him. Venereal disease,
+syphilis in particular, emphasizes the <i>practical</i> value
+of continence&mdash;quite aside from its moral one&mdash;in
+a manner which cannot be ignored!</p>
+
+
+
+<hr />
+<h2><a name="CHAPTER_X" id="CHAPTER_X"></a>CHAPTER X<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[57]</a></span></h2>
+
+<h3>LOVE AND SEX</h3>
+
+
+<p class="newchapter"><span class="firstword"><span class="dropcap">W</span>hen</span> we take under consideration the higher,
+truer love of one sex for the other, that is,
+an affection which is not simply a friendship, but
+has a sex basis, we realize that it may be a very
+noble emotion. There is no manner of doubt but
+that the normal human being feels a great need for
+love. Sex in love and its manifestation in the life
+of the soul is one of the first conditions of human
+happiness, and a main aim of human existence.</p>
+
+<p>All know the tale of Cupid's arrow. A man falls
+in love with a face, a pair of eyes, the sound of a
+voice, and his affection is developed from this trifling
+beginning until it takes complete possession of
+him. This love is usually made up of two components:
+a sex instinct, and feelings of sympathy and
+interest which hark back to primal times. And this
+love, in its true sense, should stand for an affection
+purified from egoism.</p>
+
+<p>When, among the lower animal forms we find
+individuals without a determined sex, egoism develops
+free from all restraint. Each individual
+creature devours as much as it can and feeding,
+together with propagation by division, &#8220;budding&#8221;
+or conjunction, makes up the total of its vital activities.
+It need do no more to accomplish the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[58]</a></span>
+purpose of its existence. Even when propagation
+commences to take place by means of individual
+male and female parents, the same principle of egoism
+largely obtains. The spiders are typical instances
+of this: in their case the carrying out of the
+natural functions of the male spider is attended
+with much danger for him, owing to the fact that
+if he does not exercise the greatest care, he is apt
+to be devoured immediately afterward by his female
+partner, in order that no useful food matter may be
+lost. Yet even in the case of the spiders, the female
+spider already gives proof of a certain capacity for
+sacrifice where her young are concerned, at any
+rate for a short time after they have crept from
+the egg.</p>
+
+<p>In animals somewhat higher in the creative scale,
+more or less powerful feelings of affection may develop
+out of their sex association. There is affection
+on the part of the male for his mate, and on the
+part of the female for her young. Often these
+feelings develop into a strong, lasting affection between
+the sexes, and years of what might be called
+faithful matrimonial union have been observed in
+the case of birds. This in itself is sufficient to
+establish the intimate relationship between love in
+a sex sense and love in a general sense. And even in
+the animal creation we find the same analogy existing
+between these feelings of sympathy and their
+opposites which occur in the case of human beings.
+Every feeling of attachment or sympathy existing
+between two individuals has a counterpart in an
+opposite feeling of discontent when the object of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[59]</a></span>
+the love or attachment in question dies, falls sick,
+or runs away. This feeling of discontent may assume
+the form of a sorrow ending in lasting melancholy.
+In the case of apes and of certain parrots,
+it has been noticed that the death of a mate has frequently
+led the survivor to refuse nourishment, and
+die in turn from increasing grief and depression.
+If, on the other hand, an animal discovers the cause
+of the grief or loss which threatens it; if some
+enemy creature tries to rob it of its mate or little
+ones, the mixed reactive feeling of rage or anger
+is born in it, anger against the originator of its
+discontent. Jealousy is only a definite special form
+of this anger reaction.</p>
+
+<p>A further development of the feeling of sympathy
+is that of duty. Every feeling of love or sympathy
+urges those who feel it to do certain things which
+will benefit the object of that love. A mother will
+feed her young, bed them down comfortably, caress
+them; a father will bring nourishment to the mother
+and her brood, and protect them against foes. All
+these actions, not performed to benefit the creature
+itself, but to help its beloved mate, represent exertion,
+trouble, the overcoming of danger, and lead to
+a struggle between egoism and the feeling of sympathy.
+Out of this struggle is born a third feeling,
+that of responsibility and conscience. Thus the elements
+of the human social feelings are already
+quite pronounced in the case of many animals, including
+those of love as well as sex.</p>
+
+<p>In the human animal, speaking in general, these
+feelings of sympathy (love) and duty are strongly<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[60]</a></span>
+developed in the family connection; that is, they are
+developed with special strength in those who are
+most intimately united in sex life, in husband and
+wife and in children. Consequently the feelings of
+sympathy or love which extend to larger communal
+groups, such as more distant family connections, the
+tribe, the community, those speaking the same
+tongue, the nation, are relatively far weaker.
+Weakest of all, in all probability, is that general
+human feeling which sees a brother in every other
+human being and is conscious of the social duties
+owed him.</p>
+
+<p>As regards man and wife, the relation of the actual
+sex instinct to love is often a very complicated
+one. In the case of man the sex feeling may, and
+frequently does exist independent of love in the
+higher sense; in the case of woman it is quite certain
+that love occurs far less seldom unaccompanied by
+the sex inclination. It is also quite possible for love
+to develop before the development of the sex feeling,
+and this often, in married life, leads to the happiest
+relationships.</p>
+
+<p>The mutual adoration of two individuals, husband
+and wife, often degenerates into a species of egoistic
+enmity toward the remainder of the world. And
+this, in turn, in many cases reacts unfavorably upon
+the love the two feel for each other. Human solidarity,
+especially in this day, is already too great
+not to revenge itself upon the egotistical character
+of so exclusive a love. The real ideal of sex in love
+might be expressed as follows: A man and a
+woman should be induced to unite in marriage<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[61]</a></span>
+through genuine sex attraction and harmony of
+character and disposition. In this union they should
+mutually encourage each other to labor socially for
+the common good of mankind, in such wise that
+<i>they further their own mutual education and that of
+their children</i>, the beings nearest and dearest to
+them, <i>as the natural point of departure for helping
+general human betterment</i>.</p>
+
+<p>If love in its relation to sex be conceived in this
+manner, it will purify it by doing away with its
+pettinesses and it is just into these pettinesses that
+the most honest and upright of matrimonial loves
+too often degenerate. The constructive work done
+in common by two human beings who, while they
+care lovingly for each other, at the same time encourage
+each other to strive and endure in carrying
+out the principles of right living and high thinking,
+will last. Love and marriage looked at from this
+point of view, are relatively immune from the small
+jealousies and other evil little developments of a
+one-sided, purely physical affection. It will work
+for an ever more ideal realization of love in its
+higher and nobler dispensations.</p>
+
+<p>Real and true love is lasting. The suddenly
+awakened storm of sex affection for a hitherto
+totally unknown person can never be accepted as a
+true measure for love. This sudden surge of the
+sex feeling warps the judgment, makes it possible to
+overlook the grossest defects, colors all and everything
+with heavenly hues. It makes a man who is
+&#8220;in love,&#8221; or two beings who are in love, mutually
+blind, and causes each to carefully conceal his or her<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[62]</a></span>
+real inward self from the other. This may be the
+case even when the feelings of both are absolutely
+honest, especially if the sex feeling is not paired
+with cool egoistic calculation. Not until the first
+storm of the sex feeling has subsided, when honeymoon
+weeks are over, is a more normal point of
+view regained. And then love, indifference, or
+hatred, as the case may be develops. It is for this
+reason that love at first sight is always dangerous,
+and that only a longer and more intimate acquaintance
+with the object of one's affection is
+calculated to give a lasting union a relatively good
+chance of turning out happily. One thing is worth
+bearing in mind. Woman invariably represents
+the conservative element in the family. Her emotional
+qualities, combined with wonderful endurance,
+always control her intellect more powerfully
+than is the case with man; and the feelings
+and emotions form the conservative element in
+the human soul.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
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+</body>
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Sex, by Henry Stanton
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Sex
+       Avoided subjects Discussed in Plain English
+
+Author: Henry Stanton
+
+Release Date: December 2, 2007 [EBook #23680]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SEX ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Irma Spehar and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This book was
+produced from scanned images of public domain material
+from the Google Print project.)
+
+
+
+
+
+                                  SEX
+
+              AVOIDED SUBJECTS DISCUSSED IN PLAIN ENGLISH
+
+                                 _By_
+
+                             HENRY STANTON
+
+                            [Illustration]
+
+                      SOCIAL CULTURE PUBLICATIONS
+                    151 FIFTH AVENUE   .   NEW YORK
+
+                            Copyright, 1922
+                      SOCIAL CULTURE PUBLICATIONS
+                       MANUFACTURED IN U. S. A.
+
+
+
+
+                               CONTENTS
+
+
+                                                            PAGE
+
+   I. SEX                                                     5
+
+  II. THE TRANSITION FROM CELL TO HUMAN BEING                12
+
+ III. SEX IN MALE CHILDHOOD                                  20
+
+  IV. SEX IN FEMALE CHILDHOOD                                26
+
+   V. SEX IN THE ADOLESCENT MALE                             30
+
+  VI. SEX IN THE ADOLESCENT FEMALE                           35
+
+ VII. SEX IN THE MARRIAGE RELATION (THE HUSBAND)             43
+
+VIII. SEX IN THE MARRIAGE RELATION (THE WIFE)                45
+
+  IX. SEX DISEASES                                           53
+
+   X. LOVE AND SEX                                           57
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER I
+
+                                  SEX
+
+
+The happiness of all human beings, men and women, depends largely on
+their rational solution of the sexual problem. Sex and the part it
+plays in human life cannot be ignored. In the case of animals sex
+plays a simpler and less complex role. It is a purely natural and
+instinctive function whose underlying purpose is the perpetuation of
+the species. It is not complicated by the many incidental phenomena
+which result, in man's case, from psychologic, economic, moral and
+religious causes. Climate, social conditions, individual modes of life
+and work, alcohol, wealth and poverty, and other factors affect sexual
+activity in human beings.
+
+Sexual love, which is practically unknown to the animals, is a special
+development of the sex urge in the human soul. The deeper purpose of
+the sex function in human beings, likewise, is procreation, the
+reproduction of species.
+
+The average man, woman and child should know the essential sex facts
+in order to be able to deal with the sex problems of life. Of late
+years there has been a greater diffusion of such knowledge. To a large
+extent, however, children and adolescents are still taught to look on
+all that pertains to sex as something shameful and immodest, something
+not to be discussed. Sex is an "Avoided Subject."
+
+This is fundamentally wrong. Sex affects the very root of all human
+life. Its activities are not obscene, but Nature's own means to
+certain legitimate ends. The sex functions, when properly controlled
+and led into the proper channels, are a most essential and legitimate
+form of physical self-expression. The veil of secrecy with which they
+are so often shrouded tends to create an altogether false impression
+regarding them. This discussion of these "Avoided Subjects," in "Plain
+English," is intended to give the salient facts regarding sex in a
+direct, straightforward manner, bearing in mind the true purpose of
+normal sex activities.
+
+The more we know of the facts of sex, the right and normal part sex
+activities play in life, and all that tends to abuse and degrade them,
+the better able we will be to make sex a factor for happiness in our
+own lives and that of our descendants. Mankind, for its own general
+good, must desire that reproduction--the real purpose of every sexual
+function--occur in such a way as to perpetuate its own best physical
+and mental qualities.
+
+
+                       THE LAW OF PHYSICAL LIFE
+
+It is a universal rule of physical life that every individual being
+undergoes a development which we know as its individual life and
+which, so far as its physical substance is concerned, ends with death.
+Death is the destruction of the greater part of this individual
+organism which, when death ensues, once more becomes lifeless matter.
+Only small portions of this matter, the germ cells, continue to live
+under certain conditions which nature has fixed.
+
+The germ cell--as has been established by the microscope--is the tiny
+cell which in the lowest living organisms as well as in man himself,
+forms the unit of physical development. Yet even this tiny cell is
+already a highly organized and perfected thing. It is composed of the
+most widely differing elements which, taken together, form the
+so-called protoplasm or cellular substance. And for all life
+established in nature the cell remains the constant and unchanging
+form element. It comprises the cell-protoplasm and a nucleus imbedded
+in it whose substance is known as the nucleoplasm. The nucleus is the
+more important of the two and, so to say, governs the life of the
+cell-protoplasm.
+
+The lower one-celled organisms in nature increase by division, just as
+do the individual cells of a more highly organized, many-celled order
+of living beings. And in all cases, though death or destruction of the
+cells is synonymous with the death or destruction of the living
+organism, the latter in most cases already has recreated itself by
+reproduction.
+
+We will not go into the very complicated details of the actual process
+of the growth and division of the protoplasmic cells. It is enough to
+say that in the case of living creatures provided with more
+complicated organisms, such as the higher plants, animals and man, the
+little cell units divide and grow as they do in the case of the lower
+organisms. The fact is one which shows the intimate inner relationship
+of all living beings.
+
+
+                     THE LADDER OF ORGANIC ASCENT
+
+As we mount the ascending ladder of plant and animal life the
+unit-cell of the lower organisms is replaced by a great number of
+individual cells, which have grown together to form a completed whole.
+In this complete whole the cells, in accordance with the specific
+purpose for which they are intended, all have a different form and a
+different chemical composition. Thus it is that in the case of the
+plants leaves, flowers, buds, bark, branches and stems are formed, and
+in that of animals skin, intestines, glands, blood, muscles, nerves,
+brain and the organs of sense. In spite of the complicated nature of
+numerous organisms we find that many of them still possess the power
+of reproducing themselves by division or a process of "budding." In
+the case of certain plants and animals, cell-groups grow together into
+a so-called "bud," which later detaches itself from the parent body
+and forms a new individual living organism, as in the case of the
+polyps or the tubers in plant life.
+
+A tree, for instance, may be grown from a graft which has been cut off
+and planted in the ground. And ants and bees which have not been
+fecundated are quite capable of laying eggs out of which develop
+perfect, well-formed descendants. This last process is called
+parthenogenesis. It is a process, however, which if carried on through
+several generations, ends in deterioration and degeneracy. In the case
+of the higher animals, vertebrates and man, such reproduction is an
+impossibility.
+
+These higher types of animal life have been provided by nature with
+special organs of reproduction and reproductive glands whose
+secretions, when they are projected from the body under certain
+conditions, reproduce themselves, and increase and develop in such
+wise that the living organism from which they proceed is reproduced in
+practically its identical form. Thus it perpetuates the original type.
+Philosophically it may be said that these cells directly continue the
+life of the parents, so that death in reality only destroys a part of
+the individual. Every individual lives again in his offspring.
+
+
+                        THE TRUE MISSION OF SEX
+
+This rebirth of the individual in his descendants represents the true
+mission of sex where the human being is concerned. And reproduction,
+the perpetuation of the species, underlies all rightful and normal sex
+functions and activities. The actual physical process of reproduction,
+the details which initiate reproduction in the case of the human
+being, it seems unnecessary here to describe. In the animal world,
+into which the moral equation does not really enter, the facts of
+conjugation represent a simple and natural working-out of functional
+bodily laws, usually with a seasonal determination. But where man is
+concerned these facts are so largely made to serve the purposes of
+pruriency, so exploited to inflame the imagination in an undesirable
+and directly harmful way that they can be approached only with the
+utmost caution.
+
+The intimate fact knowledge necessary in this connection is of a
+peculiarly personal and sacred nature, and represents information
+which is better communicated by the spoken than by the printed word.
+The wise father and mother are those naturally indicated to convey
+this information to their sons and daughters by word of mouth. By
+analogy, by fuller development and description of the reproductive
+processes of plant and animal life on which we have touched, the
+matter of human procreation may be approached. Parents should stress
+the point, when trying to present this subject to the youthful mind,
+that man's special functions are only a detail--albeit a most
+important one--in nature's vast plan for the propagation of life on
+earth. This will have the advantage of correcting a trend on the part
+of the imaginative boy or girl to lay too much stress on the part
+humanity plays in this great general reproductive scheme. It will lay
+weight on the fact that the functional workings of reproduction are
+not, primarily, a source of pleasure, but that--when safeguarded by
+the institution of matrimony, on which civilized social life is
+based--they stand for the observance of solemn duties and obligations,
+duties to church and state, and obligations to posterity. Hence,
+parents, in talking to their children about these matters should do so
+in a sober and instructive fashion. The attention of a mother,
+perhaps, need not be called to this. But fathers may be inclined, in
+many cases, to inform their sons without insisting that the
+information they give them is, in the final analysis, intended to be
+applied to lofty constructive purposes. They may, in their desire to
+speak _practically_, forget the moral values which should underlie
+this intimate information. Never should the spirit of levity intrude
+itself in these intimate personal sex colloquies. Restraint and
+decency should always mark them.
+
+In making clear to the mind of youth the fact data which initiates and
+governs reproduction in animal and in human life, the ideal to be
+cultivated is continence, the refraining from all experimentation
+undertaken in a spirit of curiosity, until such time as a well-placed
+affection, sanctioned by the divine blessing, will justify a sane and
+normal exploitation of physical needs and urges in the matrimonial
+state. To this end hard bodily and mental work should be encouraged in
+the youth of both sexes. "Satan finds work for idle hands to do," has
+special application in this connection, and a chaste and continent
+youth is usually the forerunner of a happy and contented marriage. And
+incidentally, a happy marriage is the best guarantee that
+reproduction, the carrying on of the species, will be morally and
+physically a success. Here, too, the fact should be strongly stressed
+that prostitution cannot be justified on any moral grounds. It
+represents a deliberate ignoring of the rightful function of sex, and
+the perversion of the sane and natural laws of reproduction. It is in
+marriage, in the sane and normal activities of that unit of our whole
+social system--the family--that reproduction develops nature's basic
+principle of perpetuation in the highest and worthiest manner, in
+obedience to laws humane and divine.
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER II
+
+                THE TRANSITION FROM CELL TO HUMAN BEING
+
+
+In the functional processes alluded to in the preceding chapter, the
+male germ-cell and the female germ-cell unite in a practically equal
+division of substance. We say "practically" because the maternal and
+the paternal influences are not equally divided in the offspring. One
+or the other usually predominates. But, as a general rule, it may be
+said that in the development of the embryonal life the process of cell
+division proceeds in such a way that every germ of the child's future
+organism represents approximately one-half maternal and one-half
+paternal substance and energy.
+
+In this process lies the true secret of heredity. The inherited
+energies retain their full measure of power, and all their original
+quality in the growing and dividing chromosomes (the chromosome is one
+of the segments into which the chromoplasmic filaments of a
+cell-nucleus break up just before indirect division). On the other
+hand, the egg-substance of the female germ-cell, which is assimilated
+by the chromosomes, and which is turned into _their_ substance by the
+process of organic chemistry, loses its specific plastic vital energy
+completely. It is in the same way that food eaten by the adult has
+absolutely no effect on his qualitative organic structure. We may eat
+ever so many beef-steaks without acquiring any of the characteristics
+of an ox. And the germ-cell may devour any amount of egg-protoplasma
+without losing its original paternal energy. As a rule a child
+inherits as many qualities from its mother as from its father.
+
+
+                         DETERMINATION OF SEX
+
+Sex is determined after conception has taken place. At an early stage
+of the embryo certain cells are set apart. These, later, form the sex
+glands. Modern research claims to have discovered the secret of
+absolutely determining sex in the human embryo, but even if these
+claims are valid they have not as yet met with any general
+application.
+
+
+                           EARLY DEVELOPMENT
+
+Some twelve days after conception, the female ovule or egg, which has
+been impregnated by the male spermatazooen, escapes from the ovary
+where it was impregnated, and entering a tube (Fallopian) gradually
+descends by means of it into the cavity of the womb or uterus. Here
+the little germ begins to mature in order to develop into an exact
+counterpart of its parents. In the human being the womb has only a
+single cavity, and usually develops but a single embryo.
+
+
+                                 TWINS
+
+Sometimes two ovules are matured at the same time. If fecundated, two
+embryos instead of one will develop, producing twins. Triplets and
+quadruplets, the results of the maturing of three or four ovules at
+the same time, occur more rarely. As many as five children have been
+born alive at a single birth, but have seldom lived for more than a
+few minutes.
+
+
+                               GESTATION
+
+The development of the ovule in the womb is known as gestation or
+pregnancy. The process is one of continued cell division and growth,
+and while it goes on the ovule sticks to the inner wall of the womb.
+There it is soon enveloped by a mucous membrane, which grows around it
+and incloses it.
+
+
+                              THE EMBRYO
+
+The _Primitive Trace_, a delicate straight line appearing on the
+surface of the growing layer of cells is the base of the embryonic
+spinal column. Around this the whole embryo develops in an intricate
+process of cell division and duplication. One end of the Primitive
+Trace becomes the head, the other the tail, for every human being has
+a tail at this stage of his existence. The neck is marked by a slight
+depression; the body by a swollen center. Soon little buds or "pads"
+appear in the proper positions. These represent arms and legs, whose
+ends, finally, split up into fingers and toes. The embryonic human
+being has been steadily increasing in size, meanwhile. By the fifth
+week the heart and lungs are present in a rudimentary form, and ears
+and face are distinctly outlined. During the seventh week the kidneys
+are formed, and a little later the genital organs. At two months,
+though sex is not determined as yet, eyes and nose are visible, the
+mouth is gaping, and the skin can be distinguished. At ten weeks the
+sexual organs form more definitely, and in the third month sex can be
+definitely determined.
+
+
+                              THE FOETUS
+
+At the end of its fourth month the embryo--now four or five inches
+long and weighing about an ounce--is promoted. It receives the name of
+foetus. Hairs appear on the scalp, the eyes are provided with lids,
+the tongue appears far back in the mouth. The movements of the foetus
+are plainly felt by the mother. If born at this time it lives but a
+few minutes. It continues to gain rapidly in weight. By the sixth
+month the nails are solid, the liver large and red, and there is fluid
+in the gall bladder. The seventh month finds the foetus from twelve
+and a half to fourteen inches long, and weighing about fifty-five
+ounces. It is now well proportioned, the bones of the cranium,
+formerly flat, are arched. All its parts are well defined, and it can
+live if born. By the end of the eighth month the foetus has thickened
+out. Its skin is red and covered by a delicate down; the lower jaw has
+grown to the same length as the upper one. The convolutions of the
+brain structure also appear during this month.
+
+
+                      PLACENTA AND UMBILICAL CORD
+
+During gestation the unborn infant has been supplied with air and
+nourishment by the mother. An organ called the _Placenta_, a spongy
+growth of blood vessels, develops on the inner point of the womb. To
+this organ the growing foetus is moored by a species of cable, the
+_Umbilical Cord_. This cord, also made up mainly of blood vessels,
+carries the blood of the foetus to and from the _Placenta_, absorbing
+it through the thin walls which separate it from the mother's blood.
+Only through her blood can the mother influence the child, since the
+Umbilical Cord contains no nerves. The Umbilical Cord, attached to the
+body of the child at the navel, is cut at birth, and with the Placenta
+is expelled from the womb soon after the child has been born. Together
+with the Placenta it forms a shapeless mass, familiarly known as the
+"afterbirth," and when it is retained instead of being expelled is apt
+to cause serious trouble.
+
+
+                       CHILDBIRTH OR PARTURITION
+
+At nine month's time the foetus is violently thrust from that
+laboratory of nature in which it has formed. It is born, and comes
+into the world as a child. Considering the ordinary size of the
+generative passages, the expelling of the foetus from the womb would
+seem impossible. But Nature, during those months in which she enlarged
+the womb to hold its gradually increasing contents, has also increased
+the generative passages in size. She has made them soft and
+distensible, so that an apparent physical impossibility could take
+place, though it is often accompanied by intense suffering. Modern
+medical science has made childbirth easier, but the act of childbirth
+is usually accompanied by more or less suffering. Excessive pain,
+however, is often the result of causes which proper treatment can
+remove before and at the time of confinement.
+
+
+                            TWILIGHT SLEEP
+
+The so-called "Twilight Sleep," a modern development, by which the
+pangs of childbirth are obviated by the administration of drugs or by
+hypnotic suggestion, has its opponents and defenders. The advantage of
+a painless childbirth, upon which the mother can look back as on a
+dream, is evident. The "Twilight Sleep" process has been used with the
+happiest results both for parent and child. Opponents of this system
+declare that the use of powerful drugs may injure the child. A method
+commended is the administration of a mixture of laughing gas and
+oxygen, which relieves the mother and does not affect the child.
+
+
+                          THE NEW-BORN INFANT
+
+The average weight of the new-born child is about seven and a half
+pounds. It is insensitive to pain for the first few days, and seems
+deaf (since its middle ears are filled with a thick mucus) for the
+first two weeks. During the first few days, too, it does not seem able
+to see. The first month of its existence is purely automatic.
+Evidences of dawning intelligence appear in the second month and at
+four months it will recognize mother or nurse. Muscularly it is poorly
+developed. Not until two months old is it able to hold up its head,
+and not until three months does voluntary muscular movement put in an
+appearance. The new-born's first self-conscious act is to draw breath.
+Deprived of its usual means of supply it must breathe or suffocate.
+Its next is to suck milk, lest it starve.
+
+
+                               HEREDITY
+
+We often find children who offer a striking resemblance to a paternal
+grandfather, a maternal aunt or a maternal great-grandmother. This is
+known as atavism. There are many curious variations with regard to the
+inheritance of ancestral traits. Some children show a remarkable
+resemblance to their fathers in childhood, others to their mothers.
+And many qualities of certain individual ancestors appear quite
+suddenly late in life. Everything may be inherited, from the most
+delicate shadings of the disposition, the intelligence and the will
+power, to the least details of hair, nails and bone structure, etc.
+And the combination of the qualities of one's ancestors in heredity is
+so manifold and so unequal that it is extremely difficult to arrive at
+fixed conclusions regarding it. Hereditary traits and tendencies are
+developed out of the energies of the original conjugated germ-cells
+throughout life, up to the very day of death. Even aged men often show
+peculiarities in the evening of their life which may be clearly
+recognized as inherited, and duplicating others shown by their
+forbears at the same period of life.
+
+As has already been mentioned every individual inherits, generally
+speaking, as much from his paternal as from his maternal progenitors.
+This in spite of the fact that the tiny paternal germ-cell is the
+only medium of transmission of the paternal qualities, while the
+mother furnishes the much larger egg-cell, and feeds him throughout
+the embryonic period.
+
+
+                              THE ENGRAM
+
+An interesting theory maintains that the external impressions made
+upon an organism which reacts to them and receives them, might be
+called _engrams_ or "inscriptions." Thus the impression of some object
+we have seen or touched (let us say we have seen a lion) may remain
+engraved on our mind as an impression. Hence every memory picture is
+one of engrams, whether the impression is a conscious one or an
+unconscious one. According to this same theory the reawakening of an
+older impression is an _ecphory_. Some new stimulation may thus
+ecphorate an old engram. Now the entire embryonal development of the
+human child is in reality no more than a continuous process of
+ecphoration of old engrams, one after another. And the entire complex
+of our living human organism is made up entirely of these
+energy-complexes engraved on our consciousness or subconsciousness.
+The sum total of all these engrams, in a living human being, according
+to the theory advanced, is given the name of _mnema_. That which the
+child receives in the way of energies contained in the germ-cells from
+its ancestors is his hereditary _mnema_. And that which he acquires in
+the course of his own individual life is his acquired or individual
+_mnema_.
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER III
+
+                         SEX IN MALE CHILDHOOD
+
+                            (FROM 14 TO 16)
+
+
+During the first years of child life all those laws of practical
+hygiene which make for good health should be carefully observed. Every
+organ of the body should be carefully protected, even at this early
+age. The genital organs, especially, should not be rubbed or handled
+under any pretext, beyond what is absolutely necessary for
+cleanliness. The organs of generation, which we are apt to treat as
+nonexistent in children, just because they are children, claim just as
+much watchful care as any others.
+
+
+                      SEX PRECAUTIONS IN INFANCY
+
+Even in infancy, the diaper should fit easily about the organs which
+it covers, so as not to give rise to undue friction or heating of the
+parts. And for the same reason it should always be changed immediately
+after urination or a movement of the bowels. No material which
+prevents the escape of perspiration, urine or fecal matter should be
+employed for a diaper. The use of a chair-commode as early as the end
+of the first year is highly to be commended, as being more comfortable
+for the sex organs and healthier for the child. It favors, in
+particular, a more perfect development of limbs and hip joints.
+
+
+                         EARLY SEX IMPRESSIONS
+
+Sex impressions and reactions are apt to develop at an early age,
+especially in the case of boys. If the child's physical health is
+normal, however, they should not affect his mind or body. The growing
+boy should be encouraged to take his sex questions and sex problems to
+his parents (in his case preferably the father) for explanation. Thus
+they may be made clear to him naturally and logically. He should not
+be told what he soon discovers is not true: that babies are "dug up
+with a silver spade," or make their appearances in the family thanks
+to the kind offices of storks or angels. Instead, by analogy with the
+reproductive processes of all nature, the true facts of sex may be
+explained to him in a soothing and normal way.
+
+
+                          EVIL COMMUNICATIONS
+
+Too often, the growing boy receives his first lessons regarding sex
+from ignorant and vicious associates. Curiosity is one of the greatest
+natural factors in the child's proper development, if rightly
+directed. When wrongly led, however, it may have the worst
+consequences. Even before puberty occurs, a boy's attention may be
+quite naturally drawn to his own sex organs.
+
+
+               NATURAL CAUSES OF INFANT SEXUAL PRECOCITY
+
+Sexual precocity in boys may be natural or it may be artificially
+called forth. Among natural causes which develop sex precocity is
+promiscuous playing with other boys and girls for hours without
+supervision. It may also be produced by playful repose on the stomach,
+sliding down banisters, going too long without urinating, by
+constipation or straining at stool, irritant cutaneous affections, and
+rectal worms. Sliding down banisters, for instance, produces a
+titillation. The act may be repeated until inveterate masturbation
+results, even at an early age. Needless laving, handling and rubbing
+of the private parts is another natural incitement to sexual
+precocity.
+
+
+                               PRIAPISM
+
+_Priapism_ is a disease which boys often develop. It may be either a
+result or a cause of sexual precocity, and may come from undue
+handling of the genital parts or from a morbid state of health. It
+takes the form of paroxysms, more or less frequent, and of violent and
+often painful erection, calling for a physician's attention. If the
+result of a functional disorder, and not arrested, it is in danger of
+giving rise to masturbation. This morbid condition sometimes seriously
+impairs the health.
+
+
+                             MASTURBATION
+
+_Masturbation_, the habit of self-abuse, often formed before puberty,
+is an artificial development of sexual precocity. Most boys, from the
+age of nine to fourteen, interest themselves in sex questions and
+matters, but these are usually presented to them in a lewd and
+improper manner, by improperly informed companions. Dwelling upon
+these thoughts the boy is led to play with his sex organs in secret
+and masturbation results. A secret vice of the most dangerous kind,
+masturbation or self-pollution is often taught by older boys and takes
+place, to quote an authority "in many of our colleges, boarding,
+public and private schools," and is also indulged in by companions
+beneath the home roof. If it becomes habitual, generally impaired
+health, and often epilepsy, and total moral and physical degradation
+results. Stains on the nightshirt or sheet occurring before puberty
+are absolute evidence of the vice in boys.
+
+
+                 WHAT FATHERS SHOULD DO FOR THEIR BOYS
+
+Make sex facts clear to your boy as interesting, matter-of-fact
+developments of general natural laws. Ungratified or improperly
+gratified curiosity is what leads to a young boy's overemphasizing the
+facts of sex as they apply to him. Make him your confidant. Teach him
+to think cleanly and to act cleanly, neither to ignore nor to exalt
+the sexual. Especially, when he himself is directly disturbed
+sexually, either in a mental or physical way, let him feel that he can
+apply to you naturally for relief and explanation. If this be done,
+your boy's sex development before puberty will be natural and normal,
+and when the more serious and difficult problems of adolescence
+present themselves, he will be prepared to handle them on the basis of
+right thinking and right living. Natural and healthy sport in the open
+air, and the avoidance of foul language and indecency should be
+stressed. The use of alcohol, coffee and tea by children tends to
+weaken their sexual organs. Every boy should know that chastity means
+continence. He should know that lascivious thoughts lead to lascivious
+actions, and that these are a drain on his system which may spoil his
+life in later years.
+
+In the education of his children the average man is only too apt to
+repeat the same mistake of unconsciously crediting the child with the
+possession of his own feelings and his own outlook, that is the
+feelings and outlook of the adult. In general, things which may make
+an impression in a sex way on the adult are a matter of indifference
+to the sexually unripe boy. Hence it is quite possible for a father to
+discuss sex matters with his young son and inform him constructively,
+without in any undue way rousing his sex curiosity or awakening
+desire. Such talks, of course, should be in accordance with the
+principles already laid down in the section on "Reproduction."
+
+If a boy is accustomed and taught to regard sex conditions and matters
+in a proper and innocent manner, as something perfectly natural,
+improper curiosity and eroticism are far less likely to be aroused
+than when this is not the case. For the whole subject will have lost
+the dangerous attraction of novelty. On the other hand, we find boys
+who have been brought up with great prudery and in complete ignorance
+of sex matters (save that which may come to them from impure sources)
+greatly excited and ashamed by the first appearance of the indications
+of puberty. Secrecy is the enemy of a clean, normal conception on the
+part of the child as to the right place sex and the sex function play
+in life and in the world. It stands to reason, of course, that every
+least detail of the sex question cannot be intelligently made clear to
+a little child. But his questions should all be answered, honestly,
+and with due regard for his age and his capacity to understand what is
+explained to him.
+
+One very great advantage of an early paternal explanation of sex
+matters to the boy is its beneficial effect on the mind and the
+nerves. Many boys brood or grow melancholy when confronted with sex
+riddles and problems for which they are unable to find a solution; and
+as the result of totally erroneous ideas they may have formed with
+regard to sex matters. At the same time too much attention should not
+be paid the discussion of sex questions between father and son. A
+father should, so far as possible, endeavor to develop other interests
+and preoccupations in his boy, and turn his mind as much as may be
+_away_ from matters sexual, until the age when the youth is ripe for
+marriage is reached.
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER IV
+
+                        SEX IN FEMALE CHILDHOOD
+
+                            (FROM 12 TO 14)
+
+
+What has been said in general about practical observance of the laws
+of sex hygiene in the preceding chapter for boys, applies to girls as
+well. If anything the sex precautions taken in infancy should be even
+more closely followed, as girls are by nature less robust than boys.
+If children could be raised in entire accordance with natural laws,
+the sexual instinct of girls as well as boys would probably remain
+dormant during the period stretching from infancy to puberty. As in
+the case of the boy, so in that of the girl, any manifestation of
+sexual precocity should be investigated, to see whether it be due to
+natural or artificial causes. In either case the proper remedies
+should be applied.
+
+
+                        SEX PRECOCITY IN GIRLS
+
+There are cases of extraordinary sex precocity in girls. One case
+reported in the United States was that of a female child who at birth
+possessed all the characteristics usually developed at puberty. In
+this case the natural periodical changes began at birth! Fortunately,
+this is a case more or less unique. In little girls and boys undue
+sexual handling or titillating of their genital organs tends to quiet
+them, so nurses (let us hope in ignorance of the consequences!) often
+resort to it. Sending children to bed very early, to "get rid of
+them," or confining them in a room by themselves, tends to encourage
+the development of vicious habits. A single bed, both in the school
+and in the home, is indispensable to purity of morals and personal
+cleanliness. It tends to restrain too early development of the sexual
+instinct both in small girls and small boys.
+
+
+                      SEXUAL SELF-ABUSE IN GIRLS
+
+Small girls, like small boys, display an intelligent curiosity as
+regards the phenomena of sex at an early age. And what has already
+been said regarding its improper gratification in the preceding
+chapter, so far as boys are concerned, applies with equal force to
+them. In their case, however, the mother is a girl's natural confidant
+and friend. Self-abuse in one or another form is as common in the case
+of the girl as in that of the boy. As a rule, girls who live an
+outdoor life, and work with their muscles more than their mind, do not
+develop undue precocious sexual curiosities or desires. At least they
+do not do so to the same extent as those more nervously and
+susceptibly constituted. The less delicate and sensitive children of
+the country tend less to these habits than their more sensitively
+organized city brothers and sisters. Girls who have formed vicious
+habits are apt to indulge in the practice of self-abuse at night when
+going to bed. If there is cause for suspicion, the bedclothes should
+be quickly and suddenly thrown off under some pretense. Self-abuse
+usually has a marked effect on the genital organs of girls. The inner
+organs become unnaturally enlarged and distended, and _leucorrhea_,
+catarrh of the vagina, attended by a discharge of greenish-white
+mucus, often develops.
+
+
+                    RESULTS OF SELF-ABUSE IN GIRLS
+
+Local diseases, due to this cause, result in girls as well as boys.
+Temporary congestions become permanent, and develop into permanent
+irritations and disorders. Leucorrhea has already been mentioned.
+Contact with the acrid, irritating internal secretions also causes
+_soreness of the fingers at the root of the nails_, and warts.
+Congestion and other diseases are other ultimate results of the habit;
+and these congestions to which it gives rise unduly hasten the advent
+of puberty. Any _decided enlargement of the labia and clitoris in a
+young girl_ may be taken as a positive evidence of the existence of
+the habit of self-abuse. Sterility, and atrophy of the breasts--their
+deficient development--when the vice is begun before puberty, is
+another result.
+
+
+               PRURITIS AND FEMININE NOCTURNAL EMISSIONS
+
+_Pruritis_ (itching genitals), though not necessarily caused by
+self-abuse, may be one of its consequences. Continued congestion
+causes the genital parts to itch terribly. This itching increases
+until the desire to manipulate the genitals becomes irresistible. It
+will then be indulged in even in the presence of strangers, though the
+girl in question at other times may be exceptionally modest. Girls
+addicted to the vice also suffer from nocturnal emissions. The general
+effect of self-abuse is much the same in the case of a girl as in that
+of a boy, for leucorrhea is injurious in somewhat the same fashion as
+seminal loss. In the case of girls the greatest injury, however, is
+due to the nervous exhaustion which succeeds the unnatural excitement.
+
+
+                WHAT MOTHERS SHOULD DO FOR THEIR GIRLS
+
+A healthy girl should be happy and comfortable in all respects. She
+will not be so, especially with regard to her sex problems, unless she
+can appeal to her mother as a friend and confidant. While keeping your
+girl's mind pure and healthy by precept and example, do not forget
+that the best way to protect her against evil influences and
+communications is to tell her the exact truth about sex facts, as they
+apply to her, just as the father should his boy. Keep your girl fully
+occupied and do not leave her sex education to the evil winds of
+chance.
+
+Let sex knowledge take its place as a proper, necessary part of her
+general education. If your daughter feels she can at all times talk
+freely to you all will be well. Gratify her natural sex curiosity in a
+natural way. See that _immediate_ medical attention is given
+inflammations, excoriations, itchings and swellings of her genital
+organs. Such conditions will lead her to rub and scratch these
+parts--never to be touched--for relief. If, as a result of the
+sensations experienced, masturbation results, _yours is the sin_.
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER V
+
+                      SEX IN THE ADOLESCENT MALE
+
+                      (FROM PUBERTY TO MATURITY)
+
+
+Adolescence is the period when the boy is lost in the man. It is the
+time of life embraced between the ages of fourteen or sixteen and the
+age of twenty-five. Every boy, if properly trained, should reach this
+period in a state of good general health and spirits. Hitherto he has
+been led and guided. Now he must develop mental strength and will
+power himself to choose the good and refuse the evil in the sexual
+problems confronting him.
+
+
+                                PUBERTY
+
+According to climate puberty, the age when the human male becomes
+sexually perfect, varies from ten to fifteen years. In the United
+States puberty in the male usually occurs at the age of fourteen and a
+half years. In tropical climates it occurs at nine or ten, and in cold
+countries, such as Norway and Siberia, it may not take place until
+eighteen or nineteen. Vigorous physical exercise tends to delay
+puberty, anything exciting the emotions tends to hasten it.
+Stimulating foods, pepper, vinegar, mustard, spices, tea and coffee,
+excess meat nutriment hasten puberty. A cool, unstimulating vegetable
+and farinaceous diet may delay the development of the sexual system
+several months or a year.
+
+
+                   THE SIGNS AND CHANGES OF PUBERTY
+
+In the boy the signs of puberty are the growth of hair on the skin
+covering the pubes and in the armpits. Chest and arms broaden, the
+frame grows more angular, the masculine proportions more pronounced.
+The vocal cords grow longer and lower the pitch of the voice. Hair
+grows on chin, upper lip, cheeks, and often on the body surface.
+
+
+                         THE SEXUAL MORAL LAW
+
+The sexual moral law is the same for both sexes, and equally binding.
+It may be summed up as follows: "Your sexual urges, instincts and
+desires should never consciously injure an individual human being or
+mankind in general. They should be exercised to further the value and
+happiness of both."
+
+
+                  THE MALE ADOLESCENT AND CONTINENCE
+
+The perfect carrying out of this general moral law implies continence
+on the part of the male adolescent until marriage. Continence is
+positive restraint under all circumstances. Strict continence is
+neither injurious to health, nor does it produce impotence. While
+self-denial is difficult, since the promptings of nature often seem
+imperious, it is not impossible. It is certain that no youth will
+suffer, physically, by remaining sexually pure. The demands which
+occur during adolescence are mainly abnormal, due to the excitements
+of an overstimulating diet, pornographic literature and art, and the
+temptations of impure association.
+
+
+                        WHY YOUNG MEN GO WRONG
+
+Foul thoughts, once they enter the mind, corrode it. The sensual
+glance, the bawdy laugh, the ribald jest, the smutty story, the
+obscene song may be met with on street corner, in the car, train,
+hotel lobby, lecture hall and workshop. Mental unchastity ends in
+physical unchastity. The habit common to most adolescent boys and
+young men of relating smutty stories, repeating foul jokes and making
+indecent allusions destroys respect for virtue. In addition there are
+such direct physical causes of undue adolescent sexual excitement as
+constipation and alcoholism, and such mental ones as nervous
+irritability.
+
+To the constant discussion and speculation regarding sex and its
+mysteries by the adolescent young male, must be added the artificial
+idea that idle prattling on the subject is a sign of "manhood." Thus
+many young men whose natural trend is in the direction of decency and
+right sexual living, "step out" or "go to see the girls," as the
+phrase is, because they think that otherwise "they are not real men."
+More subtle in its evil effect, yet somewhat less dangerous
+physically, perhaps, than the professional prostitute is the lure of
+the "hidden" prostitute, who carefully conceals her derelictions, and
+publicly wraps herself in a mantle of virtue.
+
+
+                             PROSTITUTION
+
+The training of the average male mind in impure language and thought
+during boyhood and adolescence, the cultivation of his animal at the
+expense of the moral nature, often leads the adolescent to seek
+satisfaction by frequenting the prostitute.
+
+_Prostitution_, known as the "social evil," is promiscuous unchastity
+for gain. It has existed in all civilized countries from earliest
+times. Prostitution abuses the instinct for reproduction, the basic
+element of sex, to offer certain women a livelihood which they prefer
+to other means. Love of excitement, inherited criminal propensities,
+indolence and abnormal sex appetite are first causes of prostitution.
+Difficulty in finding work, laborious and ill-paid work, harsh
+treatment of girls at home, indecent living among the poor, contact
+with demoralizing companions, loose literature and amusements are
+secondary causes. They all contribute to debauch male and female youth
+and lead it to form dangerous habits of vicious sensual indulgence.
+
+Prostitution seems inseparable from human society in large
+communities. The fact is acknowledged in the name given it, "the
+necessary evil." Regulation and medical control only arrest in a
+degree the spread of venereal diseases to which prostitution gives
+rise. The elementary laws on which prostitution rests seems to be
+stronger than the artificial codes imposed by moral teaching. It is an
+evil which must be combatted _individually_. Men are principally
+responsible, in one way or another, for the existence of the social
+evil. In the case of the young man, abstention is the only cure for
+the probable results of indulging his animal passions by recourse to
+the prostitute.
+
+Prostitution, both public and private is the most dangerous menace to
+society at large. It is the curse of individual young manhood because
+of the venereal diseases it spreads. One visit to a house of
+prostitution may ruin a young man's health and life, and millions of
+human beings die annually from the effects of poison contracted in
+these houses. "Wild oats" sown in company with the prostitute usually
+bear fruit in the shape of the most loathsome and destructive sex
+disorders.
+
+The development of self-control, the avoidance of impure thoughts and
+associations, the cultivation of the higher moral nature instead of
+the lower animal one, and, finally, _marriage_, should prevent the
+young man from falling into prostitution. All the state and medical
+regulation in the world will not protect him from the venereal
+diseases he is so apt to acquire by such indulgence.
+
+
+                               FREE LOVE
+
+Free love is the doctrine of _unrestrained choice, without binding
+ties_, in sexual relations. For altogether different reasons, however,
+it is quite as objectionable as prostitution for the young man. It may
+offer better hygienic guarantees. But it is a sexual partnership which
+is opposed to the fundamental institution of _marriage_, on which
+society in general is based throughout the world. And, aside from the
+fact that it is a promiscuous relationship not sanctioned by law or
+society, it is seldom practically successful. It cannot admit of true
+love without bitter jealousies.
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER VI
+
+                     SEX IN THE ADOLESCENT FEMALE
+
+                      (FROM PUBERTY TO MATURITY)
+
+
+Adolescence in the girl is the period when she develops into a woman.
+It is that stage in female life embraced between the ages of twelve or
+fourteen and twenty-one years. Elasticity of body, a clear complexion,
+and a happy control of her feelings should mark the young girl at this
+time, if she has been so fortunate as to escape the dangers and
+baneful influences of childhood and infancy. Her numerous bodily
+functions should be well performed. Thus constituted she should be in
+a condition to take up her coming struggle with the world, and the sex
+problem it will present.
+
+
+                                PUBERTY
+
+It has been noticed that in the case of girls, puberty usually occurs
+earlier in brunettes than in blondes. In general, it makes its
+appearance earlier in those of a nervous or bilio-nervous temperament
+than in those whose temperament is phlegmatic or lymphatic. In the
+United States fourteen and a half years is the usual age of puberty in
+girls. In tropical lands, however, it is not uncommon for a girl to be
+a mother at twelve. Country girls (and boys) usually mature several
+months or a year later than those living in cities. Too early a
+puberty in girls may well arouse concern. It usually indicates some
+inherent constitutional weakness. Premature puberty is often
+associated with premature decay.
+
+
+                   THE SIGNS AND CHANGES OF PUBERTY
+
+In the girl the sign of puberty is the growth of hair about the pubes,
+private organs and armpits. Her whole frame remains more slender than
+in the male. Muscles and joints are less prominent, limbs more rounded
+and tapering. Internal and external organs undergo rapid enlargement,
+locally. The _mammae_ (the breasts) enlarge, the ovaries dilate, and a
+periodical uteral discharge (menstruation) is established.
+
+
+                             MENSTRUATION
+
+No young girl should feel alarmed if, owing to the negligence of her
+parents or guardians to prepare her, she is surprised by this first
+flow from the genital organs. Puberty is the proper time for the
+appearance of menstruation. This is the periodical development and
+discharge of an ovule (one or more) by the female, accompanied by the
+discharge of a fluid, known as menses or catamenia. Menstruation, in
+general good health, should occur about every twenty-eight days, or
+once in four weeks. This rule, however, is subject to great variation.
+Menstruation continues from puberty to about the forty-fifth year,
+which usually marks the _menopause_, or "change of life." When it
+disappears a woman is no longer capable of bearing children. Her
+period of fertility has passed. In rare cases menstruation has stopped
+at 35, or lasted till 60.
+
+
+               HINTS FOR OBSERVANCE DURING MENSTRUATION
+
+When the period arrives a girl or woman has a feeling of discomfort
+and lassitude, there is a sense of weight, and a disclination for
+society. Menstruation should not, however, be regarded as a nuisance;
+a girl's friends respect her most when she is "unwell." She should
+keep more than usually quiet while the flow continues, which it will
+do for a few days. Also, she should avoid all unnecessary fatigue,
+exposure to wet or to extremes of temperature. Some girls are guilty
+of the crime of trying to arrest the menstruation flow, and resorting
+to methods of stopping it. Why? In order to attend a dance or pleasure
+excursion! Lives have been lost by thus suppressing the monthly flux.
+Mothers should instruct their daughters when the menses are apt to
+begin, and what their function is. During menstruation great care must
+be taken in using water internally. A chill is sufficient to arrest
+the flow. If menstruation does not establish itself in a healthy or
+normal manner at the proper time, consult a physician in order to
+remove this abnormal condition. Any disturbance of the delicate
+menstrual functions during the period, by constrained positions,
+muscular effort, brain work and mental or physical excitement, is apt
+to have serious consequences.
+
+
+               CONTINENCE AND THE YOUNG ADOLESCENT GIRL
+
+Continence is, as a rule more easily observed by the adolescent girl
+than by the adolescent youth. Ordinarily the normal young girl has no
+_undue_ sexual propensities, amorous thoughts or feelings. Though she
+is exposed to the danger of meeting other girls who may be lewd in
+thought and speech, in the houses of friends or at school, she is not
+apt to be carried away by their example. Yet even a good, pure-minded
+young girl may be debauched. Especially during adolescence, the easy
+observance of natural continence depends greatly on the proper
+functioning of the feminine genital organs. These may be easily
+disturbed. The syringe used for injections, for so-called purposes of
+cleanliness, is in reality a danger. The inner organs are
+self-cleansing. Water or other fluids cast into them disorder the
+mucous follicles, and dry up their secretions, preventing the flowing
+out of some of Nature's necessities. A daily washing of the inner
+organs for a long period with water also produces chronic leucorrhea.
+
+
+                         WHY YOUNG GIRLS FALL
+
+Lack of proper early training, abnormal sex instincts, weak good
+nature, poverty, all may be responsible for a young girl's moral
+downfall. As a general thing, right home training and home
+environment, and sane sex education will prevent the normally good
+girl from going wrong. It should be remembered, though, that a
+naturally more gentle and yielding disposition may easily lead her
+into temptation. Girls who are sentimentally inclined should beware of
+giving way to advances on the part of young men which have only one
+object in view: the gratification of their animal passion.
+
+The holding of hands and similar innocent beginnings often pave the
+way for more familiar caresses. Passionate kisses--the promiscuous
+kiss, by the way, may be the carrier of that dread infection,
+syphilis--violently awaken a young girl's sex instincts. The fact is
+that many innocent girls idealize their seducers. They believe their
+lying promises, actually come to love them, and think that in
+gratifying their inflamed desires, they are giving a proof of the
+depth and purity of their own affection.
+
+Here, as in the case of the young man, self-control should be the
+first thing cultivated. And self-control should be made doubly sure by
+never permitting one of the opposite sex to show undue familiarity.
+Many a seemingly innocent flirtation, begun with a kiss, has ended in
+shame and disgrace, in loss of social standing and position, venereal
+disease, or even death. The pure-minded and innocent girl often
+becomes a victim of her ignorance of the consequences entailed by
+giving in to the desires of some male companion. _The girl who has a
+knowledge of sex facts is less apt to be taken advantage of in this
+manner._
+
+
+             MODERN CONDITIONS WHICH ENCOURAGE IMMORALITY
+
+_Excessive Freedom._--The excessive freedom granted the young girl,
+especially since the World War, must be held responsible for a great
+increase in familiarity between the adolescent youth of both sexes.
+Many young girls of the "flapper" type, in particular, are victims of
+these conditions of unrestrained sex association. Sex precocity is
+furthered in coeducational colleges, in the high school and the home.
+Adolescents of both sexes too often are practically unhampered in
+their comings and goings, their words and actions. The surreptitious
+pocket flask, filled with "hooch," is often a feature of social
+parties, dances and affairs frequented by young people. Girls and boys
+drink together, and as alcohol weakens moral resistance in the one
+case, and stimulates desire in the other, deplorable consequences
+naturally result. In the United States the number of girls "sent home"
+from colleges, and of high-school girls being privately treated by
+physicians to save them from disgrace, is incredibly large.
+
+Parents who do not control the social activities of their daughters,
+who permit them to spend their evenings away from home with only a
+general idea of what they are doing or whom they are meeting, need not
+be surprised if their morals are undermined.
+
+_The Auto._--The advent of the automobile is responsible for an easy
+and convenient manner of satisfying precociously aroused sex instincts
+in young girls and boys. Often, unconscientious pleasure-seekers roam
+the roads in their auto. They accost girls who are walking and offer
+them a "lift." When the latter refuse to gratify their desires they
+are often beaten and flung from the car. The daily press has given
+such publicity to this civilized form of "head hunting," that it is
+difficult to sympathize with girls who are thus treated. They cannot
+help but know that in nine cases out of ten, a stranger who invites
+them to a ride, who "picks" them up, does so with the definite purpose
+already mentioned in view.
+
+_Poverty._--Poverty, too, plays a large part in driving young girls
+into a life of vice. In all our large cities there are hundreds of
+young women who earn hardly enough to buy food and fuel and pay for
+the rent of a room in a cheap lodging house. Feminine youth longs for
+dress, for company, for entertainment. It is easy enough to find a
+"gentleman friend" who will provide all three, in exchange for
+"companionship." So the bargain is struck. These conditions exist in a
+hundred and one occupations. A young woman may go to a large city as
+pure as snow, but finding no lucrative employment, lonely and
+despondent, she is led to take her first step on the downward path.
+Soon daily contact with vice removes abhorrence to it. Familiarity
+makes it habitual, and another life is ruined. The heartless moral
+code of the cynical young pleasure-seeking male is summed up in the
+cant phrase anent women: "Find, ... and forget!" It is these girls,
+who are victimized by their lack of self-restraint or moral principle,
+their ignorance or weakness, who make possible the application of such
+a maxim.
+
+
+                               VIRGINITY
+
+Both mental and physical purity are rightfully required of the young
+girl about to marry. How shall she acquire and maintain this desirable
+state of purity? The process is a simple one. _She must let a
+knowledge of the true hygienic and moral laws of her sex guide her in
+her relations with men._ She must cultivate clean thought on a basis
+of physical cleanliness. She need not be ignorant to be pure. Men she
+should study carefully. She should not allow them to sit with their
+arm about her waist, to hold her hand, to kiss her. No approach nor
+touch beyond what the best social observance sanctions should be
+permitted. Even the tendernesses and familiarities of courtship should
+be restrained. An engagement does not necessarily culminate in a
+marriage, and once the foot has slipped on virtue's path the error
+cannot be recalled. These considerations, together with those adduced
+in the preceding section, "Why Young Girls Fall," are well worth
+taking to heart by every young woman who wishes to approach matrimony
+in the right and proper way.
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER VII
+
+                     SEX IN THE MARRIAGE RELATION
+
+                              THE HUSBAND
+
+
+Marriage is the process by which a man and woman enter into a complete
+physical, legal and moral union. The natural object of marriage is the
+complete community of life for the establishment of a family.
+
+
+                  THE MARRIAGEABLE AGE AND ADAPTATION
+
+At twenty-four the male body attains its complete development; and
+twenty-five is a proper age for the young man to marry. Romantic love,
+personal affection on a basis of congeniality, mutual adaptation, a
+similar social sphere of life, should determine his choice. Nature and
+custom indicate that the husband should be somewhat older than the
+wife.
+
+
+                       MEN WHO SHOULD NOT MARRY
+
+Men suffering with diseases which may be communicated by contagion or
+heredity should not marry. These diseases include: tuberculosis,
+syphilis, cancer, leprosy, epilepsy and some nervous disorders, some
+skin diseases and insanity. A worn-out rake has no business to marry,
+since marriage is not a hospital for the treatment of disease, or a
+reformatory institution for moral lepers. Those having a marked
+tendency to disease must not marry those of similar tendency. The
+marriage of cousins is not to be advocated. The blood relation tends
+to bring together persons with similar morbid tendencies. Where both
+are healthy, however, there seems to be no special liability to mental
+incompetency, though such marriages are accused of producing defective
+or idiot children. Men suffering from congenital defects should not
+marry. Natural blindness, deafness, muteness, and congenital
+deformities of limb are more or less likely to be passed on to their
+children. There are cases of natural blindness, though, to which this
+rule does not apply. Criminals, alcoholics, and persons
+disproportionate in size should not marry. In the last-mentioned, lack
+of mutual physical adaptability may produce much unhappiness,
+especially on the part of the wife. Serious local disease, sterility,
+and great risk in childbirth may result. Disparity of years, disparity
+of race, a poverty which will not permit the proper raising of
+children, undesirable moral character are all good reasons for not
+marrying.
+
+
+                  MEDICAL EXAMINATION BEFORE MARRIAGE
+
+Medical examination as a preliminary to marriage is practically more
+valuable than a marriage license. Since many entirely innocent young
+girls to-day suffer from disease, incurred either through hereditary
+or accidental infection, a would-be husband may be said to be quite as
+much entitled to protection as his bride-to-be. Prohibitive physical
+defects are also discovered in this connection.
+
+
+
+
+                             CHAPTER VIII
+
+                     SEX IN THE MARRIAGE RELATION
+
+                               THE WIFE
+
+
+Girls marry, in the final analysis, because love for the male is an
+innate natural principle of the female nature. At its best this love
+is pure and chaste. The good woman realizes that its first purpose is
+not mere carnal pleasure. It is a special avowal of the wife's
+relations to her husband, and its natural as well as moral end is the
+establishment of the family on the basis of a healthy progeny.
+
+
+                            BEFORE MARRIAGE
+
+The wife-to-be, like her prospective husband, will be well advised to
+ask for a medical health certificate. No man, no matter how good his
+reputation may be, should marry (on his own account as well as that of
+the girl) without thorough examination by a physician. The
+consequences of venereal infection administered to unborn children by
+their parents are too horrible to allow of any risk being taken.
+Another bit of advice, which cannot be too highly commended, is that
+the prospective husband and wife, before they marry, have a plain talk
+with each other regarding individual sexual peculiarities and needs. A
+heart-to-heart talk of this kind would be apt to prevent great
+disappointments and incompatibilities which otherwise may become
+permanent.
+
+
+                       THE WIFE AND HER POSITION
+
+The natural instinct of a man is to seek his mate. On her he depends
+for an orderly and lawful indulgence of his sex demands. The greatest
+longevity and best health are to be found among happily married
+fathers and mothers. No young woman should marry without a full
+knowledge of her sex duties to her husband. And she should never
+consummate the marriage vow grudgingly.
+
+
+                          CHILDBIRTH HYGIENE
+
+Childbirth is the natural consequence of marriage. Its processes have
+already been explained in Chapter II of this book. There are, however,
+some hygienic facts in connection with it which should be noted. Once
+pregnancy is established, as soon as the fact is suspected, the
+mother-to-be should look on the little embryo as already a member of
+the family. Every act of each parent should now be performed (at least
+to some degree) with reference to the forthcoming infant. The mother's
+thoughts should be directed to it as much as possible. Mentally she
+should read literature of a lofty and ennobling character. The theory
+is that this serves a good purpose in producing a more perfect,
+healthy and intelligent child. Physically, she should take plenty of
+active exercise during gestation. Active exercise does not, of course,
+mean violent exercise. And she should use a "Health Lift." During
+this time she should subsist as far as possible on a farinaceous
+diet, fruits and vegetables. The foods should be plainly cooked,
+without spices. If all else is as it should be, the birth of the child
+at the end of the customary nine months will be attended by
+comparatively little pain and danger.
+
+
+                HOW OFTEN SHOULD CHILDBIRTH TAKE PLACE?
+
+It is most important that the childbearing wife and mother have a long
+period of rest between births. At least one year should separate a
+birth and the conception following it. This means that about two years
+should elapse between two births. If this rule be followed, the wife
+will retain her health, and her children will also be healthy. It is
+far better to give birth to seven children, who will live and be
+healthy, than to bear fourteen, of whom seven are likely to die, while
+the numerous successive births wear out and age the unfortunate
+mother.
+
+
+                        MATRIMONIAL ADJUSTMENT
+
+The above paragraph deals with one detail of what might be called
+"matrimonial adjustment." This adjustment or compromise is a feature
+of all successful marriages. The individual cravings of husband and
+wife must be reconciled by mutual good will and forbearance if they
+are to be happy. Attention should be paid in particular to not
+allowing habit, "the worst foe of married happiness," to become too
+well established in the home, and to cultivate that love and affection
+which survives the decline of the sexual faculties.
+
+
+                          THE IDEAL MARRIAGE
+
+The ideal marriage is the one in which affection combines to bring
+happiness to both partners in a sane union of sex and soul. As one
+commentator has rather unhappily expressed it: "When married the
+_battle_ for one united and harmonious life really begins!" It is,
+indeed, but too often a _battle_! Forbearance, consideration and
+respect must be the foundation on which the ideal married state is
+built. The husband should realize that his wife's love for him induces
+her to allow privileges of a personal nature which her innate chastity
+and timidity might otherwise refuse. In return, he should accept these
+privileges with consideration. He should, in particular, on his
+wedding night, take care not to shock his young bride's sensibilities.
+He may easily give her a shock from which she will not recover for
+years, and lead her to form an antipathy against the very act which is
+"the bond and seal of a truly happy married life."
+
+
+                             BIRTH CONTROL
+
+Material changes have taken place in the birth-rate of a number of
+countries during the past fifteen or twenty years which cannot be
+attributed to purely economic causes. They do not seem to depend on
+such things as trade, employment and prices; but on the spread of an
+idea or influence whose tendency must be deplored, that of "birth
+control," a phrase much heard in these days.
+
+The fact that a decline in human fertility and a falling birth rate
+are most noticeable in the relatively prosperous countries is a proof
+that it does not proceed from economic causes; but is due rather to
+the spread of the doctrine that it is permissible to restrict or
+control birth. In such countries as the United States, England and
+Australasia, where the standards of human comfort and living are
+notoriously high, the decline in the birth rate has been most
+noticeable. On the other hand, we find perhaps the greatest decline in
+the birth rate in France, a country where the general well-being
+probably reaches a lower depth in the community than in any other part
+of Europe. A comparison of the birth rates of France and of Ireland,
+for example, offer a valuable illustration of the point under
+consideration. In France, more than half the women who have reached
+the age of nubility are married; in Ireland, generally speaking, less
+than a third. In both countries the crude birth rate is far below that
+in other European lands. Yet the fertility of the Irish wife exceeded
+that of her French compeer by 44 per cent in 1880, and by no less than
+84 per cent in 1900. And since that time the prolificity of the Irish
+mother has so increased that she is now, approximately speaking,
+inferior only to the Dutch or Finnish mother in this respect.
+
+In general, in any country where we find a diminished prolificity a
+falling off of childbirth _unaccompanied_ by a decrease in the number
+of marriages occurring at the reproductive ages, we may attribute this
+decrease to _voluntary restriction of childbearing_ on the part of the
+married, or in other words, to the prevalence of "birth control."
+This incidentally, is not a theoretical statement, but one supported
+by the almost unanimous medical opinion in all countries. Everywhere
+and especially here in our own United States, we find evidence of the
+extensive employ of "birth control" measures to prevent that normal
+development of family life which underlies the vigor and racial power
+of every nation. These preventive measures which arbitrarily control
+human birth had long been in use in France with results which,
+especially since the war, have been frequently and publicly deplored
+in the press, and have led the French Government to offer substantial
+rewards to encourage the propagation of large families. From France
+the preventive practices of "birth control" had spread, after 1870,
+over nearly all the countries of western Europe, to England and to the
+United States; though they are not as much apparent in those countries
+where the Roman Church has a strong hold on the people.
+
+As a general thing, the practice of thus unnaturally limiting
+families--"unnaturally" since the custom of "birth control" derives
+from no natural, physical law--prevails, in the first instance, among
+the well-to-do, who should rather be the first to set the example of
+protest against it by having the families they are so much better able
+to support and educate than those less favored with the world's goods.
+If the evil of voluntary control of human birth were restricted to a
+privileged class, say one of wealth, the harm done would, perhaps, not
+be so great. But, unfortunately, in the course of time it filters
+down as a "gospel of comfort"--erroneous term!--to those whose
+resources are less. They accept and practice this invidious system of
+prevention and gradually the entire community is more or less
+affected.
+
+The whole system of "birth control" is opposed to natural, human and
+religious law. Nature, in none of her manifestations, introduces
+anything which may tend to prevent her great reason for being--the
+propagation of the species. Birth as the natural sequence of mating is
+her solemn and invariable law. It is in birth and rebirth that nature
+renews herself and all the life of the animal and vegetable world, and
+her primal aim is to encourage it. Human law recognizes this
+underlying law of nature by forbidding man to tamper in a preventive
+way with her hallowed and mysterious processes for perpetuating the
+human race. Religious law, based on the divine dispensation of the
+Scriptures, indorses the law of nature and that of the state.
+
+We may take it, then, that "birth control" represents a deliberate and
+reprehensible attempt to nullify those innate laws of reproduction
+sanctioned by religion, tradition and man's own ingrained instinct. To
+say that the human instinct for the perpetuation of his race and
+family has become atrophied during the flight of time, and that he is
+therefore justified in denying it, is merely begging the question. The
+instinct may be denied, just as other higher and nobler instincts are
+disregarded; but its validity cannot be questioned. Whether those who
+practice "birth control" are influenced by economic, selfishly
+personal or other reasons, they are offending in a threefold manner:
+against the inborn wish and desire which is a priceless possession of
+even the least of God's creatures, that of living anew in its
+offspring; against the law of the state, which after all, stands for
+the crystallization of the best feeling of the community; and against
+the divine injunction handed down to us in Holy Writ, to "increase and
+multiply."
+
+"Birth control" is the foe to the direct end and aim of marriage,
+which, in the last analysis, is childbirth. As an enemy to the
+procreation of children it is an enemy of the family and the family
+group. As an enemy of the family, it is an enemy of the state, the
+community, a foe to the whole social system. Mankind has been able to
+attain its comparatively recent state of moral and physical
+advancement without having recourse to the dangerous principle which
+"birth control" represents. Surely that wise provision of our existing
+legal code which makes the printing or dissemination of information
+regarding the physical facts of "birth control" illegal and punishable
+as an offense, can only be approved by those who respect the
+Omnipotent will, and the time-hallowed traditions which date back to
+the very inception of the race.
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER IX
+
+                             SEX DISEASES
+
+
+The sex diseases are the same in both sexes, whether developed by
+direct or accidental infection. They are the greatest practical
+argument in favor of continence, morality and marriage in the sex
+relation.
+
+
+                               GONORRHEA
+
+Gonorrhea is a pus-discharging inflammation of the canal known as the
+_urethra_, which passing through the entire length of the organ,
+carries both the urine and the seminal fluid. It is caused by a
+venereal bacillus, the _gonococcus_. Under favorable conditions and
+with right treatment, gonorrhea may be cured, though violently
+painful, in fourteen days. Often the inflammation extends, becomes
+chronic and attacks other organs. This chronic gonorrhea often causes
+permanent contraction of the urethra, which leads to the painful
+retention of urine, catarrh of the bladder, and stone. Chronic
+gonorrhea, too, often ends in death, especially if the kidneys are
+attacked. A cured case of gonorrhea does not mean immunity from
+further attacks. New infections are all the more easily acquired.
+Gonorrhea has even more dangerous consequences in women than in men.
+The _gonococcus_ bacilli infect all the inner female genital organs.
+They cause frequent inflammations and lead to growths in the belly.
+Women thus attacked usually are apt to be sterile; they suffer
+agonies, and often become chronic invalids. The child born of a
+gonorrheal mother, while passing through the infected genital organs,
+comes to life with infected eyelids. This is _Blennorrhea_, which may
+result in total blindness. Gonorrhea also causes inflammation of the
+joints, gonorrheal rheumatism, testicular inflammations which may lead
+to sterility. Some authorities claim that fully half the sterility in
+women is caused by gonorrheal infection of the Fallopian tubes.
+Gonorrheal infection of the eyes at birth is now prevented by first
+washing them in a saturated solution of boric acid, then treating them
+with a drop of weak silver solution.
+
+
+                               SYPHILIS
+
+Syphilis is a still more terrible venereal disease. It usually appears
+first in small, hard sores, hard chancres, on the sexual parts or the
+mouth. Then the syphilitic poison spreads throughout the whole body by
+means of the blood. After a few weeks it breaks out on the face or
+body. Its final cure is always questionable. Syphilis may lie dormant
+for years, and then suddenly become active again. It breaks out in
+sores on all parts of the body, often eats up the bone, destroys
+internal organs, such as the liver, causes hardening of the lungs,
+diseases of the blood vessels and eye diseases. Ulcers of the brain
+and nerve paralysis often result from it. One of its most terrible
+consequences is consumption of the spinal marrow and paralysis of the
+brain, or paresis. The first slowly hardens and destroys the spinal
+marrow, the second the brain. These diseases are only developed by
+previous syphilitics. As a rule they occur from 5 to 20 years after
+infection, usually 10 or 15 years after it. And they usually happen to
+persons who believed themselves completely cured. Consumption of the
+spinal marrow leads to death in the course of a few years of continual
+torture. Paralysis of the brain turns the sufferer into a human ruin,
+gradually extinguishing all mental and nervous functions, sentience,
+movement, speech and intellect.
+
+One danger of syphilis is the fact that its true nature may be
+overlooked during the first period, because of the lack of pronounced
+symptoms. Its early sores may easily be mistaken for some skin
+affection. Mercury and other means are successful in doing away with
+at least the more noticeable signs of syphilis during the first and
+secondary stages. The modern medical treatment using mercury and
+Salvarsan (606) in alternation, has been very successful. It is
+claimed that by following it, syphilis may be totally cured if taken
+in hand during the first stage. The sores developed during the first
+two or three years of the disease are very infectious. In the case of
+a chronic syphilis of three or four years' standing, the sores as a
+rule are no longer infectious. It is possible, however, for a
+syphilitic of this description to bring forth syphilitic children,
+_without infecting his wife_. Such children either die at birth, or
+later, of this congenital syphilis. They may also die of spinal
+consumption or paresis between the ages of 10 and 20. The mortality of
+all syphilitic children is very great. In most cases, however, healthy
+children are born of the wedlock of _relatively cured_ syphilitics,
+though they are often sterile. Young men who have had recourse to
+prostitutes, often inoculate their wives with gonorrhea or syphilis,
+and thus the plague is spread.
+
+
+                           THE SOFT CHANCRE
+
+The soft chancre is the third form of venereal disease (the hard
+chancre being the first stage of syphilis). It is the least dangerous
+of the venereal diseases, but unfortunately, relatively the one which
+occurs most seldom. When not complicated with syphilis, it appears
+locally. It is a larger or smaller sore feeding and growing on the
+genital organs.
+
+
+              VENEREAL DISEASE AN ADVOCATE OF CONTINENCE
+
+The most tragic consequence of all venereal disease is the part it
+plays in the infection of innocent children, and innocent wives and
+mothers. Often a pure and chaste woman is thus deprived in the most
+cruel and brutal manner of the fruit of all her hopes and dreams of
+happiness. Similarly, a young man may find himself hopelessly
+condemned to a short life of pain and misery. He may also suffer from
+the knowledge that he has ruined the lives of those dearest to him.
+Venereal disease, syphilis in particular, emphasizes the _practical_
+value of continence--quite aside from its moral one--in a manner which
+cannot be ignored!
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER X
+
+                             LOVE AND SEX
+
+
+When we take under consideration the higher, truer love of one sex for
+the other, that is, an affection which is not simply a friendship, but
+has a sex basis, we realize that it may be a very noble emotion. There
+is no manner of doubt but that the normal human being feels a great
+need for love. Sex in love and its manifestation in the life of the
+soul is one of the first conditions of human happiness, and a main aim
+of human existence.
+
+All know the tale of Cupid's arrow. A man falls in love with a face, a
+pair of eyes, the sound of a voice, and his affection is developed
+from this trifling beginning until it takes complete possession of
+him. This love is usually made up of two components: a sex instinct,
+and feelings of sympathy and interest which hark back to primal times.
+And this love, in its true sense, should stand for an affection
+purified from egoism.
+
+When, among the lower animal forms we find individuals without a
+determined sex, egoism develops free from all restraint. Each
+individual creature devours as much as it can and feeding, together
+with propagation by division, "budding" or conjunction, makes up the
+total of its vital activities. It need do no more to accomplish the
+purpose of its existence. Even when propagation commences to take
+place by means of individual male and female parents, the same
+principle of egoism largely obtains. The spiders are typical instances
+of this: in their case the carrying out of the natural functions of
+the male spider is attended with much danger for him, owing to the
+fact that if he does not exercise the greatest care, he is apt to be
+devoured immediately afterward by his female partner, in order that no
+useful food matter may be lost. Yet even in the case of the spiders,
+the female spider already gives proof of a certain capacity for
+sacrifice where her young are concerned, at any rate for a short time
+after they have crept from the egg.
+
+In animals somewhat higher in the creative scale, more or less
+powerful feelings of affection may develop out of their sex
+association. There is affection on the part of the male for his mate,
+and on the part of the female for her young. Often these feelings
+develop into a strong, lasting affection between the sexes, and years
+of what might be called faithful matrimonial union have been observed
+in the case of birds. This in itself is sufficient to establish the
+intimate relationship between love in a sex sense and love in a
+general sense. And even in the animal creation we find the same
+analogy existing between these feelings of sympathy and their
+opposites which occur in the case of human beings. Every feeling of
+attachment or sympathy existing between two individuals has a
+counterpart in an opposite feeling of discontent when the object of
+the love or attachment in question dies, falls sick, or runs away.
+This feeling of discontent may assume the form of a sorrow ending in
+lasting melancholy. In the case of apes and of certain parrots, it has
+been noticed that the death of a mate has frequently led the survivor
+to refuse nourishment, and die in turn from increasing grief and
+depression. If, on the other hand, an animal discovers the cause of
+the grief or loss which threatens it; if some enemy creature tries to
+rob it of its mate or little ones, the mixed reactive feeling of rage
+or anger is born in it, anger against the originator of its
+discontent. Jealousy is only a definite special form of this anger
+reaction.
+
+A further development of the feeling of sympathy is that of duty.
+Every feeling of love or sympathy urges those who feel it to do
+certain things which will benefit the object of that love. A mother
+will feed her young, bed them down comfortably, caress them; a father
+will bring nourishment to the mother and her brood, and protect them
+against foes. All these actions, not performed to benefit the creature
+itself, but to help its beloved mate, represent exertion, trouble, the
+overcoming of danger, and lead to a struggle between egoism and the
+feeling of sympathy. Out of this struggle is born a third feeling,
+that of responsibility and conscience. Thus the elements of the human
+social feelings are already quite pronounced in the case of many
+animals, including those of love as well as sex.
+
+In the human animal, speaking in general, these feelings of sympathy
+(love) and duty are strongly developed in the family connection; that
+is, they are developed with special strength in those who are most
+intimately united in sex life, in husband and wife and in children.
+Consequently the feelings of sympathy or love which extend to larger
+communal groups, such as more distant family connections, the tribe,
+the community, those speaking the same tongue, the nation, are
+relatively far weaker. Weakest of all, in all probability, is that
+general human feeling which sees a brother in every other human being
+and is conscious of the social duties owed him.
+
+As regards man and wife, the relation of the actual sex instinct to
+love is often a very complicated one. In the case of man the sex
+feeling may, and frequently does exist independent of love in the
+higher sense; in the case of woman it is quite certain that love
+occurs far less seldom unaccompanied by the sex inclination. It is
+also quite possible for love to develop before the development of the
+sex feeling, and this often, in married life, leads to the happiest
+relationships.
+
+The mutual adoration of two individuals, husband and wife, often
+degenerates into a species of egoistic enmity toward the remainder of
+the world. And this, in turn, in many cases reacts unfavorably upon
+the love the two feel for each other. Human solidarity, especially in
+this day, is already too great not to revenge itself upon the
+egotistical character of so exclusive a love. The real ideal of sex in
+love might be expressed as follows: A man and a woman should be
+induced to unite in marriage through genuine sex attraction and
+harmony of character and disposition. In this union they should
+mutually encourage each other to labor socially for the common good of
+mankind, in such wise that _they further their own mutual education
+and that of their children_, the beings nearest and dearest to them,
+_as the natural point of departure for helping general human
+betterment_.
+
+If love in its relation to sex be conceived in this manner, it will
+purify it by doing away with its pettinesses and it is just into these
+pettinesses that the most honest and upright of matrimonial loves too
+often degenerate. The constructive work done in common by two human
+beings who, while they care lovingly for each other, at the same time
+encourage each other to strive and endure in carrying out the
+principles of right living and high thinking, will last. Love and
+marriage looked at from this point of view, are relatively immune from
+the small jealousies and other evil little developments of a
+one-sided, purely physical affection. It will work for an ever more
+ideal realization of love in its higher and nobler dispensations.
+
+Real and true love is lasting. The suddenly awakened storm of sex
+affection for a hitherto totally unknown person can never be accepted
+as a true measure for love. This sudden surge of the sex feeling warps
+the judgment, makes it possible to overlook the grossest defects,
+colors all and everything with heavenly hues. It makes a man who is
+"in love," or two beings who are in love, mutually blind, and causes
+each to carefully conceal his or her real inward self from the other.
+This may be the case even when the feelings of both are absolutely
+honest, especially if the sex feeling is not paired with cool egoistic
+calculation. Not until the first storm of the sex feeling has
+subsided, when honeymoon weeks are over, is a more normal point of
+view regained. And then love, indifference, or hatred, as the case may
+be develops. It is for this reason that love at first sight is always
+dangerous, and that only a longer and more intimate acquaintance with
+the object of one's affection is calculated to give a lasting union a
+relatively good chance of turning out happily. One thing is worth
+bearing in mind. Woman invariably represents the conservative element
+in the family. Her emotional qualities, combined with wonderful
+endurance, always control her intellect more powerfully than is the
+case with man; and the feelings and emotions form the conservative
+element in the human soul.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Sex, by Henry Stanton
+
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