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diff --git a/old/17635-h.zip b/old/17635-h.zip Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 6bb0f2c..0000000 --- a/old/17635-h.zip +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/17635-h/17635-h.htm b/old/17635-h/17635-h.htm deleted file mode 100644 index d1dbe09..0000000 --- a/old/17635-h/17635-h.htm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,21780 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> -<html lang="en"> -<head> -<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> -<title> - Repertory of the Comedie Humaine, - by Anatole Cerfberr and Jules François Christophe -</title> - -<style type="text/css"> - <!-- - body {text-align:justify} - P { margin:10%; - text-indent: 1em; - margin-top: .75em; - margin-bottom: .75em; } - H1,H2,H3,H4,H5,H6 { text-align: center; } - hr { width: 50%; } - hr.full { width: 100%; } - .foot { margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -3em; font-size: 95%; } - img {border: 0;} - HR { width: 33%; text-align: center; } - blockquote {font-size: 97%; } - .figleft {float: left; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 1%;} - .figright {float: right; margin-right: 10%; margin-left: 1%;} - .toc { margin-left: 15%; margin-bottom: 0em;} - CENTER { padding: 10px;} - PRE { font-size: 90%; margin-left: 20%;} - // --> -</style> - -</head> -<body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Repertory Of The Comedie Humaine, Complete, -A -- Z, by Anatole Cerfberr and Jules François Christophe - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Repertory Of The Comedie Humaine, Complete, A -- Z - -Author: Anatole Cerfberr and Jules François Christophe - -Translator: Joseph Walker McSpadden - -Release Date: January 29, 2006 [EBook #17635] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPERTORY THE COMEDIE HUMAINE, A-Z *** - - - - -Produced by Dagny; HTML version by David Widger - - - - - -</pre> - -<br /> -<br /> - -<h1> - REPERTORY OF THE COMEDIE HUMAINE -</h1> -<h2> -By Anatole Cerfberr and Jules François Christophe -</h2> - - - - -<br /> -<br /> -<hr> -<br /> -<br /> - - - -<h2>Contents</h2> -<center> -<table summary=""> -<tr><td> - - - -<p class="toc"><a href="#2H_4_0001"> -TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE -</a></p> -<p class="toc"><a href="#2H_INTR"> -INTRODUCTION -</a></p> -<p class="toc"><a href="#2H_4_0003"> -REPERTORY OF THE COMEDIE HUMAINE -</a></p> - - -</td></tr> -</table> -</center> - - - - -<center> -<table summary=""> -<tr><td> - - -<a href="#2H_4_0004"> -A -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0005"> -B -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0006"> -C -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0007"> -D -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0008"> -E -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0009"> -F -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0010"> -G -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0011"> -H -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0012"> -I -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0013"> -J -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0014"> -K -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0015"> -L -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0016"> -M -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0017"> -N -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0018"> -O -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0019"> -P -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0020"> -Q -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0021"> -R -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0022"> -S -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0023"> -T -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0024"> -U -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0025"> -V -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0026"> -W -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0027"> -X -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0028"> -Y -</a> -<a href="#2H_4_0029"> -Z -</a> - - -</td></tr> -</table> -</center> - -<a name="2H_4_0001"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE -</h2> -<p> -"Work crowned by the French Academy" is a significant line borne by -the title-page of the original edition of Messieurs Cerfberr and -Christophe's monumental work. The motto indicates the high esteem in -which the French authorities hold this very necessary adjunct to the -great Balzacian structure. And even without this word of approval, the -intelligent reader needs but a glance within the pages of the -<i>Repertory of the Comedie Humaine</i> to convince him at once of its -utility. -</p> -<p> -In brief, the purpose of the <i>Repertory</i> is to give in alphabetical -sequence the names of all the characters forming this Balzacian -society, together with the salient points in their lives. It is, of -course, well known that Balzac made his characters appear again and -again, thus creating out of his distinct novels a miniature world. To -cite a case in point, Rastignac, who comes as near being the hero of -the <i>Comedie</i> as any other single character, makes his first -appearance in <i>Father Goriot</i>, as a student of law; then appearing and -disappearing fitfully in a score of principal novels, he is finally -made a minister and peer of France. Without the aid of the <i>Repertory</i> -it would be difficult for any save a reader of the entire <i>Comedie</i> to -trace out his career. But here it is arranged in temporal sequence, -thus giving us a concrete view of the man and his relation to this -society. -</p> -<p> -In reading any separate story, when reference is made in passing to a -character, the reader will find it helpful and interesting to turn to -the <i>Repertory</i> and find what manner of man it is that is under -advisement. A little systematic reading of this nature will speedily -render the reader a "confirmed Balzacian." -</p> -<p> -A slight confusion may arise in the use of the <i>Repertory</i> on account -of the subdivision of titles. This is the fault neither of Messieurs -Cerfberr and Christophe nor of the translator, but of Balzac himself, -who was continually changing titles, dividing and subdividing stories, -and revamping and working other changes in his books. <i>Cousin Betty</i> -and <i>Cousin Pons</i> were placed together by him under the general title -of <i>Poor Relations</i>. Being separate stories, we have retained the -separate titles. Similarly, the three divisions of <i>Lost Illusions</i> -were never published together until 1843—in the first complete -edition of the <i>Comedie</i>; before assuming final shape its parts had -received several different titles. In the present text the editor has -deemed it best to retain two of the parts under <i>Lost Illusions</i>, -while the third, which presents a separate Rubempre episode, is given -as <i>A Distinguished Provincial at Paris</i>. The three parts of <i>The -Thirteen</i>—<i>Ferragus</i>, <i>The Duchess of Langeais</i>, and <i>The Girl with -the Golden Eyes</i>—are given under the general title. The fourth part -of <i>Scenes from a Courtesan's Life</i>, <i>Vautrin's Last Avatar</i>, which -until the Edition Definitive had been published separately, is here -merged into its final place. But the three parts of <i>The Celibates</i> -—<i>Pierrette</i>, <i>The Vicar of Tours</i> and <i>A Bachelor's Establishment</i>, -being detached, are given separately. Other minor instances occur, but -should be readily cleared up by reference to the Indices, also to the -General Introduction given elsewhere. -</p> -<p> -In the preparation of this English text, great care has been exercised -to gain accuracy—a quality not found in other versions now extant. In -one or two instances, errors have been discovered in the original -French, notably in dates—probably typographical errors—which have -been corrected by means of foot-notes. A few unimportant elisions have -been made for the sake of brevity and coherence. Many difficulties -confront the translator in the preparation of material of this nature, -involving names, dates and titles. Opportunities are constantly -afforded for error, and the work must necessarily be painstaking in -order to be successful. We desire here to express appreciation for the -valuable assistance of Mr. Norman Hinsdale Pitman. -</p> -<p> -To Balzac, more than to any other author, a Repertory of characters -is applicable; for he it was who not only created an entire human -society, but placed therein a multitude of personages so real, so -distinct with vitality, that biographies of them seem no more than -simple justice. We can do no more, then, than follow the advice of -Balzac—to quote again from the original title-page—and "give a -parallel to the civil register." -</p> -<pre> - J. WALKER McSPADDEN -</pre> -<a name="2H_INTR"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - INTRODUCTION -</h2> -<p> -Are you a confirmed <i>Balzacian</i>?—to employ a former expression of -Gautier in <i>Jeune France</i> on the morrow following the appearance of -that mystic Rabelaisian epic, <i>The Magic Skin</i>. Have you experienced, -while reading at school or clandestinely some stray volume of the -<i>Comedie Humaine</i>, a sort of exaltation such as no other book had -aroused hitherto, and few have caused since? Have you dreamed at an -age when one plucks in advance all the fruit from the tree of life -—yet in blossom—I repeat, have you dreamed of being a Daniel d'Arthez, -and of covering yourself with glory by the force of your achievements, -in order to be requited, some day, for all the sufferings of your -poverty-stricken youth, by the sublime Diane, Duchesse de -Maufrigneuse, Princesse de Cadignan? -</p> -<p> -Or, perchance, being more ambitious and less literary, you have -desired to see—like a second Rastignac, the doors of high society -opened to your eager gaze by means of the golden key suspended from -Delphine de Nucingen's bracelet? -</p> -<p> -Romancist, have you sighed for the angelic tenderness of a Henriette -de Mortsauf, and realized in your dreams the innocent emotions excited -by culling nosegays, by listening to tales of grief, by furtive -hand-clasps on the banks of a narrow river, blue and placid, in a -valley where your friendship flourishes like a fair, delicate lily, -the ideal, the chaste flower? -</p> -<p> -Misanthrope, have you caressed the chimera, to ward off the dark hours -of advancing age, of a friendship equal to that with which the good -Schmucke enveloped even the whims of his poor Pons? Have you -appreciated the sovereign power of secret societies, and deliberated -with yourself as to which of your acquaintances would be most worthy -to enter The Thirteen? In your mind's eye has the map of France ever -appeared to be divided into as many provinces as the <i>Comedie Humaine</i> -has stories? Has Tours stood for Birotteau, La Gamard, for the -formidable Abbe Troubert; Douai, Claes; Limoges, Madame Graslin; -Besancon, Savarus and his misguided love; Angouleme, Rubempre; -Sancerre, Madame de la Baudraye; Alencon, that touching, artless old -maid to whom her uncle, the Abbe de Sponde, remarked with gentle -irony: "You have too much wit. You don't need so much to be happy"? -</p> -<p> -Oh, sorcery of the most wonderful magician of letters the world has -seen since Shakespeare! If you have come under the spell of his -enchantments, be it only for an hour, here is a book that will delight -you, a book that would have pleased Balzac himself—Balzac, who was -more the victim of his work than his most fanatical readers, and whose -dream was to compete with the civil records. This volume of nearly six -hundred pages is really the civil record of all the characters in the -<i>Comedie Humaine</i>, by which you may locate, detail by detail, the -smallest adventures of the heroes who pass and repass through the -various novels, and by which you can recall at a moment's notice the -emotions once awakened by the perusal of such and such a masterpiece. -More modestly, it is a kind of table of contents, of a unique type; a -table of living contents! -</p> -<p> -Many Balzacians have dreamed of compiling such a civil record. I -myself have known of five or six who attempted this singular task. To -cite only two names out of the many, the idea of this unusual Vapereau -ran through the head of that keen and delicate critic, M. Henri -Meilhac, and of that detective in continued stories, Emile Gaboriau. I -believe that I also have among the papers of my eighteenth year some -sheets covered with notes taken with the same intention. But the labor -was too exhaustive. It demanded an infinite patience, combined with an -inextinguishable ardor and enthusiasm. The two faithful disciples of -the master who have conjoined their efforts to uprear this monument, -could not perhaps have overcome the difficulties of the undertaking if -they had not supported each other, bringing to the common work, M. -Christophe his painstaking method, M. Cerfberr his accurate memory, -his passionate faith in the genius of the great Honore, a faith that -carried unshakingly whole mountains of documents. -</p> -<p> -A pleasing chapter of literary gossip might be written about this -collaboration; a melancholy chapter, since it brings with it the -memory of a charming man, who first brought Messieurs Cerfberr and -Christophe together, and who has since died under mournful -circumstances. His name was Albert Allenet, and he was chief editor of -a courageous little review, <i>La Jeune France</i>, which he maintained for -some years with a perseverance worthy of the Man of Business in the -<i>Comedie Humaine</i>. I can see him yet, a feverish fellow, wan and -haggard, but with his face always lit up by enthusiasm, stopping me in -a theatre lobby to tell me about a plan of M. Cerfberr's; and almost -immediately we discovered that the same plan had been conceived by M. -Christophe. The latter had already prepared a cabinet of pigeon-holes, -arranged and classified by the names of Balzacian characters. When two -men encounter in the same enterprise as compilers, they will either -hate each other or unite their efforts. Thanks to the excellent -Allenet, the two confirmed Balzacians took to each other wonderfully. -</p> -<p> -Poor Allenet! It was not long afterwards that we accompanied his body -to the grave, one gloomy afternoon towards the end of autumn—all of -us who had known and loved him. He is dead also, that other Balzacian -who was so much interested in this work, and for whom the <i>Comedie -Humaine</i> was an absorbing thought, Honore Granoux. He was a merchant -of Marseilles, with a wan aspect and already an invalid when I met -him. But he became animated when speaking of Balzac; and with what a -mysterious, conspiratorlike veneration did he pronounce these words: -"The Vicomte"—meaning, of course, to the thirty-third degree -Balzacolatrites, that incomparable bibliophile to whom we owe the -history of the novelist's works, M. de Spoelberch de Lovenjoul!—"The -Vicomte will approve—or disapprove." That was the unvarying formula -for Granoux, who had devoted himself to the enormous task of -collecting all the articles, small or great, published about Balzac -since his entry as a writer. And just see what a fascination this -<i>devil of a man</i>—as Theophile Gautier once called him—exercises over -his followers; I am fully convinced that these little details of -Balzacian mania will cause the reader to smile. As for me, I have -found them, and still find them, as natural as Balzac's own remark to -Jules Sandeau, who was telling him about a sick sister: "Let us go -back to reality. Who is going to marry Eugenie Grandet?" -</p> -<p> -Fascination! That is the only word that quite characterizes the sort -of influence wielded by Balzac over those who really enjoy him; and it -is not to-day that the phenomenon began. Vallies pointed it out long -ago in an eloquent page of the <i>Refractaires</i> concerning "book -victims." Saint Beuve, who can scarcely be suspected of fondness -towards the editor-in-chief of the <i>Revue Parisienne</i>, tells a story -stranger and more significant than every other. At one time an entire -social set in Venice, and the most aristocratic, decided to give out -among its members different characters drawn from the <i>Comedie -Humaine</i>; and some of these roles, the critic adds, mysteriously, were -artistically carried out to the very end;—a dangerous experiment, for -we are well aware that the heroes and heroines of Balzac often skirt -the most treacherous abysses of the social Hell. -</p> -<p> -All this happened about 1840. The present year is 1887, and there -seems no prospect of the sorcery weakening. The work to which these -notes serve as an introduction may be taken as proof. Indeed, somebody -has said that the men of Balzac have appeared as much in literature as -in life, especially since the death of the novelist. Balzac seems to -have observed the society of his day less than he contributed to form -a new one. Such and such personages are truer to life in 1860 than in -1835. When one considers a phenomenon of such range and intensity, it -does not suffice to employ words like infatuation, fashion, mania. The -attraction of an author becomes a psychological fact of prime -importance and subject to analysis. I think I can see two reasons for -this particular strength of Balzac's genius. One dwells in the special -character of his vision, the other in the philosophical trend which he -succeeded in giving to all his writing. -</p> -<p> -As to the scope of his vision, this <i>Repertory</i> alone will suffice to -show. Turn over the leaves at random and estimate the number of -fictitious deeds going to make up these two thousand biographies, each -individual, each distinct, and most of them complete—that is to say, -taking the character at his birth and leaving him only at his death. -Balzac not only knows the date of birth or of death, he knows as well -the local coloring of the time and the country and profession to which -the man belongs. He is thoroughly conversant with questions of -taxation and income and the agricultural conditions. He is not -ignorant of the fact that Grandet cannot make his fortune by the same -methods employed by Gobseck, his rival in avarice; nor Ferdinand du -Tillet, that jackal, with the same magnitude of operations worked out -by that elephant of a Nucingen. He has outlined and measured the exact -relation of each character to his environment in the same way he has -outlined and measured the bonds uniting the various characters; so -well that each individual is defined separately as to his personal and -his social side, and in the same manner each family is defined. It is -the skeleton of these individuals and of these families that is laid -bare for your contemplation in these notes of Messieurs Cerfberr and -Christophe. But this structure of facts, dependent one upon another by -a logic equal to that of life itself, is the smallest effort of -Balzac's genius. Does a birth-certificate, a marriage-contract or an -inventory of wealth represent a person? Certainly not. There is still -lacking, for a bone covering, the flesh, the blood, the muscles and -the nerves. A glance from Balzac, and all these tabulated facts become -imbued with life; to this circumstantial view of the conditions of -existence with certain beings is added as full a view of the beings -themselves. -</p> -<p> -And first of all he knows them physiologically. The inner workings of -their corporeal mechanism is no mystery for him. Whether it is -Birotteau's gout, or Mortsauf's nervousness, or Fraisier's skin -trouble, or the secret reason for Rouget's subjugation by Flore, or -Louis Lambert's catalepsy, he is as conversant with the case as though -he were a physician; and he is as well informed, also, as a confessor -concerning the spiritual mechanism which this animal machine supports. -The slightest frailties of conscience are perceptible to him. From the -portress Cibot to the Marquise d'Espard, not one of his women has an -evil thought that he does not fathom. With what art, comparable to -that of Stendhal, or Laclos, or the most subtle analysts, does he note -—in <i>The Secrets of a Princess</i>—the transition from comedy to -sincerity! He knows when a sentiment is simple and when it is complex, -when the heart is a dupe of the mind and when of the senses. And -through it all he hears his characters speak, he distinguishes their -voices, and we ourselves distinguish them in the dialogue. The -growling of Vautrin, the hissing of La Gamard, the melodious tones of -Madame de Mortsauf still linger in our ears. For such intensity of -evocation is as contagious as an enthusiasm or a panic. -</p> -<p> -There is abundant testimony going to show that with Balzac this -evocation is accomplished, as in the mystic arts by releasing it, so -to speak, from the ordinary laws of life. Pray note in what terms M. -le Docteur Fournier, the real mayor of Tours, relates incidents of the -novelist's method of work, according to the report of a servant -employed at the chateau of Sache: "Sometimes he would shut himself up -in his room and stay there several days. Then it was that, plunged -into a sort of ecstasy and armed with a crow quill, he would write -night and day, abstaining from all food and merely contenting himself -with decoctions of coffee which he himself prepared." [Brochure of M. -le Docteur Fournier in regard to the statue of Balzac, that statue a -piece of work to which M. Henry Renault—another devotee who had -established <i>Le Balzac</i>—had given himself so ardently. In this -brochure is found a very curious portrait of Balzac, after a sepia by -Louis Boulanger belonging to M. le Baron Larrey.] -</p> -<p> -In the opening pages of <i>Facino Cane</i> this phenomenon is thus -described: "With me observation had become intuitive from early youth. -It penetrated the soul without neglecting the body, or rather it -seized so completely the external details that it went beyond them. It -gave me the faculty of living the life of the individual over whom it -obtained control, and allowed me to substitute myself for him like the -dervish in <i>Arabian Nights</i> assumed the soul and the body of persons -over whom he pronounced certain words." And he adds, after describing -how he followed a workman and his wife along the street: "I could -espouse their very life, I felt their rags on my back. I trod in their -tattered shoes. Their desires, their needs, all passed into my soul, -or my soul passed into them. It was the dream of a man awakened." One -day while he and a friend of his were watching a beggar pass by, the -friend was so astonished to see Balzac touch his own sleeve; he seemed -to feel the rent which gaped at the elbow of the beggar. -</p> -<p> -Am I wrong in connecting this sort of imagination with that which one -witnesses in fanatics of religious faith? With such a faculty Balzac -could not be, like Edgar Poe, merely a narrator of nightmares. He was -preserved from the fantastic by another gift which seems contradictory -to the first. This visionary was in reality a philosopher, that is to -say, an experimenter and a manipulator of general ideas. Proof of this -may be found in his biography, which shows him to us, during his -college days at Vendome, plunged into a whirl of abstract reading. The -entire theological and occult library which he discovered in the old -Oratorian institution was absorbed by the child, till he had to quit -school sick, his brain benumbed by this strange opium. The story of -Louis Lambert is a monograph of his own mind. During his youth and in -the moments snatched from his profession, to what did he turn his -attention? Still to general ideas. We find him an interested onlooker -at the quarrel of Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and Cuvier, troubling himself -about the hypothesis of the unity of creation, and still dealing with -mysticism; and, in fact, his romances abound in theories. There is not -one of his works from which you cannot obtain abstract thoughts by the -hundreds. If he describes, as in <i>The Vicar of Tours</i>, the woes of an -old priest, he profits by the opportunity to exploit a theory -concerning the development of sensibility, and a treatise on the -future of Catholicism. If he describes, as in <i>The Firm of Nucingen</i>, -a supper given to Parisian <i>blases</i>, he introduces a system of credit, -reports of the Bank and Bureau of Finance, and—any number of other -things! Speaking of Daniel d'Arthez, that one of his heroes who, with -Albert Savarus and Raphael, most nearly resembles himself, he writes: -"Daniel would not admit the existence of talent without profound -metaphysical knowledge. At this moment he was in the act of despoiling -both ancient and modern philosophy of all their wealth in order to -assimilate it. He desired, like Moliere, to become a profound -philosopher first of all, a writer of comedies afterwards." Some -readers there are, indeed, who think that philosophy superabounds with -Balzac, that the surplus of general hypotheses overflows at times, and -that the novels are too prone to digressions. Be that as it may, it -seems incontestible that this was his master faculty, the virtue and -vice of his thought. Let us see, however, by what singular detour this -power of generalization—the antithesis, one might say, of the -creative power—increased in him the faculty of the poetic visionary. -</p> -<p> -It is important, first of all, to note that this power of the -visionary could not be put directly into play. Balzac had not long -enough to live. The list of his works, year by year, prepared by his -sister, shows that from the moment he achieved his reputation till the -day of his death he never took time for rest or observation or the -study of mankind by daily and close contact, like Moliere or -Saint-Simon. He cut his life in two, writing by night, sleeping by day, -and after sparing not a single hour for calling, promenades or sentiment. -Indeed, he would not admit this troublesome factor of sentiment, -except at a distance and through letters—"because it forms one's -style"! At any rate, that is the kind of love he most willingly -admitted—unless an exception be made of the mysterious intimacies of -which his correspondence has left traces. During his youth he had -followed this same habit of heavy labor, and as a result the -experience of this master of exact literature was reduced to a -minimum; but this minimum sufficed for him, precisely because of the -philosophical insight which he possessed to so high a degree. To this -meagre number of positive faculties furnished by observation, he -applied an analysis so intuitive that he discovered, behind the small -facts amassed by him in no unusual quantity, the profound forces, the -generative influences, so to speak. -</p> -<p> -He himself describes—once more in connection with Daniel d'Arthez -—the method pursued in this analytical and generalizing work. He -calls it a "retrospective penetration." Probably he lays hold of the -elements of experience and casts them into a seeming retort of -reveries. Thanks to an alchemy somewhat analogous to that of Cuvier, -he was enabled to reconstruct an entire temperament from the smallest -detail, and an entire class from a single individual; but that which -guided him in his work of reconstruction was always and everywhere the -habitual process of philosophers: the quest and investigation of -causes. -</p> -<p> -It is due to this analysis that this dreamer has defined almost all -the great principles of the psychological changes incident to our -time. He saw clearly, while democracy was establishing itself with us -on the ruins of the ancient regime, the novelty of the sentiments -which these transfers from class to class were certain to produce. He -fathomed every complication of heart and mind in the modern woman by -an intuition of the laws which control her development. He divined the -transformation in the lives of artists, keeping pace with the change -in the national situation; and to this day the picture he has drawn of -journalism in <i>Lost Illusions</i> ("A Distinguished Provincial at Paris") -remains strictly true. It seems to me that this same power of locating -causes, which has brought about such a wealth of ideas in his work, -has also brought about the magic of it all. While other novelists -describe humanity from the outside, he has shown man to us both from -within and without. The characters which crowd forth from his brain -are sustained and impelled by the same social waves which sustain and -impel us. The generative facts which created them are the same which -are always in operation about us. If many young men have taken as a -model a Rastignac, for instance, it is because the passions by which -this ambitious pauper was consumed are the same which our age of -unbridled greed multiplies around disinherited youth. Add to this that -Balzac was not content merely to display the fruitful sources of a -modern intellect, but that he cast upon them the glare of the most -ardent imagination the world has ever known. By a rare combination -this philosopher was also a man, like the story-tellers of the Orient, -to whom solitude and the over-excitement of night-work had -communicated a brilliant and unbroken hallucination. He was able to -impart this fever to his readers, and to plunge them into a sort of -<i>Arabian Nights</i> country, where all the passions, all the desires of -real life appear, but expanded to the point of fantasy, like the -dreams brought on by laudanum or hasheesh. Why, then, should we not -understand the reason that, for certain readers, this world of -Balzac's is more real than the actual world, and that they devoted -their energies to imitating it? -</p> -<p> -It is possible that to-day the phenomenon is becoming rarer, and that -Balzac, while no less admired, does not exercise the same fascinating -influence. The cause for this is that the great social forces which he -defined have almost ended their work. Other forces now shape the -oncoming generations and prepare them for further sensitive -influences. It is none the less a fact that, to penetrate the central -portions of the nineteenth century in France, one must read and reread -the <i>Comedie Humaine</i>. And we owe sincere thanks to Messieurs Cerfberr -and Christophe for this <i>Repertory</i>. Thanks to them, we shall the more -easily traverse the long galleries, painted and frescoed, of this -enormous palace,—a palace still unfinished, inasmuch as it lacks -those Scenes of Military Life whose titles awaken dreams within us: -<i>Forced Marches</i>; <i>The Battle of Austerlitz</i>; <i>After Dresden</i>. -Incontestably, Tolstoy's <i>War and Peace</i> is an admirable book, but how -can we help regretting the loss of the painting of the Grand Army and -of our Great Emperor, by Balzac, our Napoleon of letters? -</p> -<pre> - PAUL BOURGET. -</pre> -<a name="2H_4_0003"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - REPERTORY OF THE COMEDIE HUMAINE -</h2> -<a name="2H_4_0004"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - A -</h2> -<p> -ABRAMKO, Polish Jew of gigantic strength, thoroughly devoted to the -broker, Elie Magus, whose porter he was, and whose daughter and -treasures he guarded with the aid of three fierce dogs, in 1844, in a -old house on the Minimes road hard by the Palais Royale, Paris. -Abramko had allowed himself to be compromised in the Polish -insurrection and Magus was interested in saving him. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -ADELE, sturdy, good-hearted Briarde servant of Denis Rogron and his -sister, Sylvie, from 1824 to 1827 at Provins. Contrary to her -employers, she displayed much sympathy and pity for their youthful -cousin, Pierrette Lorrain. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -ADELE, chambermaid of Madame du Val-Noble at the time when the latter -was maintained so magnificently by the stockbroker, Jacques Falleix, -who failed in 1929. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -ADOLPHE, slight, blonde young man employed at the shop of the shawl -merchant, Fritot, in the Bourse quarter, Paris, at the time of the -reign of Louis Philippe. [Gaudissart II.] -</p> -<p> -ADOLPHUS, head of the banking firm of Adolphus & Company of Manheim, -and father of the Baroness Wilhelmine d'Aldrigger. [The Firm of -Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -AGATHE (Sister), nee Langeais, nun of the convent of Chelles, and, -with her sister Martha and the Abbe de Marolles, a refugee under the -Terror in a poor house of the Faubourg Saint-Martin, Paris. [An -Episode Under the Terror.] -</p> -<p> -AIGLEMONT (General, Marquis Victor d'), heir of the Marquis -d'Aiglemont and nephew of the dowager Comtesse de Listomere-Landon; -born in 1783. After having been the lover of the Marechale de -Carigliano, he married, in the latter part of 1813 (at which time he -was one of the youngest and most dashing colonels of the French -cavalry), Mlle. Julie de Chatillonest, his cousin, with whom he -resided successively at Touraine, Paris and Versailles.* He took part -in the great struggle of the Empire; but the Restoration freed him -from his oath to Napoleon, restored his titles, entrusted to him a -station in the Body Guard, which gave him the rank of general, and -later made him a peer of France. Gradually he forsook his wife, whom -he deceived on account of Madame de Serizy. In 1817 the Marquis -d'Aiglemont became the father of a daughter (See Helene d'Aiglemont) -who was his image physically and morally; his last three children came -into the world during a <i>liaison</i> between the Marquise d'Aiglemont and -the brilliant diplomat, Charles de Vandenesse. In 1827 the general, as -well as his protege and cousin, Godefroid de Beaudenord, was hurt by -the fraudulent failure of the Baron de Nucingen. Moreover, he sank a -million in the Wortschin mines where he had been speculating with -hypothecated securities of his wife's. This completed his ruin. He -went to America, whence he returned, six years later, with a new -fortune. The Marquis d'Aiglemont died, overcome by his exertions, in -1833.** [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket. The Firm of Nucingen. A -Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<pre> -* It appears that the residence of the Marquis d'Aiglemont at - Versailles was located at number 57, on the present Avenue de - Paris; until recently it was occupied by one of the authors of - this work. - -** Given erroneously in the original as 1835. -</pre> -<p> -AIGLEMONT (Generale, Marquise Julie d'), wife of the preceding; born -in 1792. Her father, M. de Chatillonest, advised her against, but gave -her in marriage to her cousin, the attractive Colonel Victor -d'Aiglemont, in 1813. Quickly disillusioned and attacked from another -source by an "inflammation very often fatal, and which is spoken of by -women only in confidence," she sank into a profound melancholy. The -death of the Comtesse de Listomere-Landon, her aunt by marriage, -deprived her of valuable protection and advice. Shortly thereafter she -became a mother and found, in the realization of her new duties, -strength to resist the mutual attachment between herself and the young -and romantic Englishman, Lord Arthur Ormond Grenville, a student of -medicine who had nursed her and healed her bodily ailments, and who -died rather than compromise her. Heart-broken, the marquise withdrew -to the solitude of an old chateau situated between Moret and Montereau -in the midst of a neglected waste. She remained a recluse for almost a -year, given over utterly to her grief, refusing the consolations of -the Church offered her by the old cure of the village of Saint-Lange. -Then she re-entered society at Paris. There, at the age of about -thirty, she yielded to the genuine passion of the Marquis de -Vandenesse. A child, christened Charles, was born of this union, but -he perished at an early age under very tragic circumstances. Two other -children, Moina and Abel, were also the result of this love union. -They were favored by their mother above the two eldest children, -Helene and Gustave, the only ones really belonging to the Marquis -d'Aiglemont. Madame d'Aiglemont, when nearly fifty, a widow, and -having none of her children remaining alive save her daughter Moina, -sacrificed all her own fortune for a dower in order to marry the -latter to M. de Saint-Hereen, heir of one of the most famous families -of France. She then went to live with her son-in-law in a magnificent -mansion overlooking the Esplanade des Invalides. But her daughter gave -her slight return for her love. Ruffled one day by some remarks made -to her by Madame d'Aiglemont concerning the suspicious devotion of the -Marquis de Vandenesse, Moina went so far as to fling back at her -mother the remembrance of the latter's own guilty relations with the -young man's father. Terribly overcome by this attack, the poor woman, -who was a physical wreck, deaf and subject to heart disease, died in -1844. [A Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -AIGLEMONT (Helene d'), eldest daughter of the Marquis and Marquise -Victor d'Aiglemont; born in 1817. She and her brother Gustave were -neglected by her mother for Charles, Abel and Moina. On this account -Helene became jealous and defiant. When about eight years old, in a -paroxysm of ferocious hate, she pushed her brother Charles into the -Bievre, where he was drowned. This childish crime always passed for a -terrible accident. When a young woman—one Christmas night—Helene -eloped with a mysterious adventurer who was being tracked by justice -and who was, for the time being, in hiding at the home of the Marquis -Victor d'Aiglemont, at Versailles. Her despairing father sought her -vainly. He saw her no more till seven years later, and then only once, -when on his return from America to France. The ship on which he -returned was captured by pirates, whose captain, "The Parisian," the -veritable abductor of Helene, protected the marquis and his fortune. -The two lovers had four beautiful children and lived together in the -most perfect happiness, sharing the same perils. Helene refused to -follow her father. In 1835, some months after the death of her -husband, Madame d'Aiglemont, while taking the youthful Moina to a -Pyrenees watering-place, was asked to aid a poor sufferer. It was her -daughter, Helene, who had just escaped shipwreck, saving only one -child. Both presently succumbed before the eyes of Madame d'Aiglemont. -[A Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -AIGLEMONT (Gustave d'), second child of the Marquis and Marquise -Victor d'Aiglemont, and born under the Restoration. His first -appearance is while still a child, about 1827 or 1828, when returning -in company with his father and his sister Helene from the presentation -of a gloomy melodrama at the Gaite theatre. He was obliged to flee -hastily from a scene, which violently agitated Helene, because it -recalled the circumstances surrounding the death of his brother, some -two or three years earlier. Gustave d'Aiglemont is next found in the -drawing-room at Versailles, where the family is assembled, on the same -evening of the abduction of Helene. He died at an early age of -cholera, leaving a widow and children for whom the Dowager Marquise -d'Aiglemont showed little love. [A Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -AIGLEMONT (Charles d'), third child of the Marquis and the Marquise -d'Aiglemont, born at the time of the intimacy of Madame d'Aiglemont -with the Marquis de Vandenesse. He appears but a single time, one -spring morning about 1824 or 1825, then being four years old. He was -out walking with his sister Helene, his mother and the Marquis de -Vandenesse. In a sudden outburst of jealous hate, Helene pushed the -little Charles into the Bievre, where he was drowned. [A Woman of -Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -AIGLEMONT (Moina d'), fourth child and second daughter of the Marquis -and Marquise Victor d'Aiglemont. (See Comtesse de Saint-Hereen.) [A -Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -AIGLEMONT (Abel d'), fifth and last child of the Marquis and Marquise -Victor d'Aiglemont, born during the relations of his mother with M. de -Vandenesse. Moina and he were the favorites of Madame d'Aiglemont. -Killed in Africa before Constantine. [A Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -AJUDA-PINTO (Marquis Miguel d'), Portuguese belonging to a very old -and wealthy family, the oldest branch of which was connected with the -Bragance and the Grandlieu houses. In 1819 he was enrolled among the -most distinguished dandies who graced Parisian society. At this same -period he began to forsake Claire de Bourgogne, Vicomtesse de -Beauseant, with whom he had been intimate for three years. After -having caused her much uneasiness concerning his real intentions, he -returned her letters, on the intervention of Eugene de Rastignac, and -married Mlle. Berthe de Rochefide. [Father Goriot. Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] In 1832 he was present at one of Madame d'Espard's -receptions, where every one there joined in slandering the Princesse -de Cadignan before Daniel d'Arthez, then violently enamored of her. -[The Secrets of a Princess.] Towards 1840, the Marquis d'Ajuda-Pinto, -then a widower, married again—this time Mlle. Josephine de Grandlieu, -third daughter of the last duke of this name. Shortly thereafter, the -marquis was accomplice in a plot hatched by the friends of the -Duchesse de Grandlieu and Madame du Guenic to rescue Calyste du Guenic -from the clutches of the Marquise de Rochefide. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -AJUDA-PINTO (Marquise Berthe d'), nee Rochefide. Married to the -Marquis Miguel d'Ajuda-Pinto in 1820. Died about 1849. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -AJUDA-PINTO (Marquise Josephine d'), daughter of the Duc and Duchesse -Ferdinand de Grandlieu; second wife of the Marquis Miguel -d'Ajuda-Pinto, her kinsman by marriage. Their marriage was celebrated -about 1840. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -ALAIN (Frederic), born about 1767. He was clerk in the office of -Bordin, procureur of Chatelet. In 1798 he lent one hundred crowns in -gold to Monegod his life-long friend. This sum not being repaid, M. -Alain found himself almost insolvent, and was obliged to take an -insignificant position at the Mont-de-Piete. In addition to this he -kept the books of Cesar Birotteau, the well-known perfumer. Monegod -became wealthy in 1816, and he forced M. Alain to accept a hundred and -fifty thousand francs in payment of the loan of the hundred crowns. -The good man then devoted his unlooked-for fortune to philanthropies -in concert with Judge Popinot. Later, at the close of 1825, he became -one of the most active aides of Madame de la Chanterie and her -charitable association. It was M. Alain who introduced Godefroid into -the Brotherhood of the Consolation. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -ALBERTINE, Madame de Bargeton's chambermaid, between the years 1821 -and 1824. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -ALBON (Marquis d'), court councillor and ministerial deputy under the -Restoration. Born in 1777. In September, 1819, he went hunting in the -edge of the forest of l'Isle-Adam with his friend Philippe de Sucy, -who suddenly fell senseless at the sight of a poor madwoman whom he -recognized as a former mistress, Stephanie de Vandieres. The Marquis -d'Albon, assisted by two passers by, M. and Mme. de Granville, -resuscitated M. de Sucy. Then the marquis returned, at his friend's -entreaty, to the home of Stephanie, where he learned from the uncle of -this unfortunate one the sad story of the love of his friend and -Madame de Vandieres. [Farewell.] -</p> -<p> -ALBRIZZI (Comtesse), a friend, in 1820, at Venice, of the celebrated -melomaniac, Capraja. [Massimilla Doni.] -</p> -<p> -ALDRIGGER (Jean-Baptiste, Baron d'), born in Alsace in 1764. In 1800 a -banker at Strasbourg, where he was at the apogee of a fortune made -during the Revolution, he wedded, partly through ambition, partly -through inclination, the heiress of the Adolphuses of Manheim. The -young daughter was idolized by every one in her family and naturally -inherited all their fortune after some ten years. Aldrigger, created -baron by the Emperor, was passionately devoted to the great man who -had bestowed upon him his title, and he ruined himself, between 1814 -and 1815, by believing too deeply in "the sun of Austerlitz." At the -time of the invasion, the trustworthy Alsatian continued to pay on -demand and closed up his bank, thus meriting the remark of Nucingen, -his former head-clerk: "Honest, but stoobid." The Baron d'Aldrigger -went at once to Paris. There still remained to him an income of -forty-four thousand francs, reduced at his death, in 1823, by more than -half on account of the expenditures and carelessness of his wife. The -latter was left a widow with two daughters, Malvina and Isaure. [The -Firm of Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -ALDRIGGER (Theodora-Marguerite-Wilhelmine, Baronne d'), nee Adolphus. -Daughter of the banker Adolphus of Manheim, greatly spoiled by her -parents. In 1800 she married the Strasbourg banker, Aldrigger, who -spoiled her as badly as they had done and as later did the two -daughters whom she had by her husband. She was superficial, incapable, -egotistic, coquettish and pretty. At forty years of age she still -preserved almost all her freshness and could be called "the little -Shepherdess of the Alps." In 1823, when the baron died, she came near -following him through her violent grief. The following morning at -breakfast she was served with small pease, of which she was very fond, -and these small pease averted the crisis. She resided in the rue -Joubert, Paris, where she held receptions until the marriage of her -younger daughter. [The Firm of Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -ALDRIGGER (Malvina d'), elder daughter of the Baron and Baroness -d'Aldrigger, born at Strasbourg in 1801, at the time when the family -was most wealthy. Dignified, slender, swarthy, sensuous, she was a -good type of the woman "you have seen at Barcelona." Intelligent, -haughty, whole-souled, sentimental and sympathetic, she was -nevertheless smitten by the dry Ferdinand du Tillet, who sought her -hand in marriage at one time, but forsook her when he learned of the -bankruptcy of the Aldrigger family. The lawyer Desroches also -considered asking the hand of Malvina, but he too gave up the idea. -The young girl was counseled by Eugene de Rastignac, who took it upon -himself to see that she got married. Nevertheless, she ended by being -an old maid, withering day by day, giving piano lessons, living rather -meagrely with her mother in a modest flat on the third floor, in the -rue du Mont-Thabor. [The Firm of Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -ALDRIGGER (Isaure d'), second daughter of the Baron and Baronne -d'Aldrigger, married to Godefroid de Beaudenord (See that name.) [The -Firm of Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -ALINE, a young Auvergne chambermaid in the service of Madame Veronique -Graslin, to whom she was devoted body and soul. She was probably the -only one to whom was confided all the terrible secrets pertaining to -the life of Madame Graslin. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -ALLEGRAIN* (Christophe-Gabriel), French sculptor, born in 1710. With -Lauterbourg and Vien, at Rome, in 1758, he assisted his friend -Sarrasine to abduct Zambinella, then a famous singer. The prima-donna -was a eunuch. [Sarrasine.] -</p> -<pre> -* To the sculptor Allegrain who died in 1795, the Louvre Museum is - indebted for a "Narcisse," a "Diana," and a "Venus entering the - Bath." -</pre> -<p> -ALPHONSE, a friend of the ruined orphan, Charles Grandet, tarrying -temporarily at Saumur. In 1819 he acquitted himself most creditably of -a mission entrusted to him by that young man. He wound up Charles' -business at Paris, paying all his debts by a single little sale. -[Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -AL-SARTCHILD, name of a German banking-house, where Gedeon Brunner was -compelled to deposit the funds belonging to his son Frederic and -inherited from his mother. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -ALTHOR (Jacob), a Hambourg banker, who opened up a business at Havre -in 1815. He had a son, whom in 1829 M. and Mme. Mignon desired for a -son-in-law. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -ALTHOR (Francisque), son of Jacob Althor. Francisque was the dandy of -Havre in 1829. He wished to marry Modeste Mignon but forsook her -quickly enough when he found out that her family was bankrupt. Not -long afterwards he married Mlle. Vilquin the elder. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -AMANDA, Parisian modiste at the time of Louis Philippe. Among her -customers was Marguerite Turquet, known as Malaga, who was slow in -paying bills. [A Man of Business.] -</p> -<p> -AMAURY (Madame), owner, in 1829, of a pavilion at Sauvic, near -Ingouville, which Canalis leased when he went to Havre to see Mlle. -Mignon [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -AMBERMESNIL (Comtesse de l') went in 1819, when about thirty-six years -old, to board with the widow, Mme. Vauquer, rue Nueve Sainte-Genevieve, -now Tournefort, Paris. Mme. de l'Ambermesnil gave it out that she was -awaiting the settlement of a pension which was due her on account of -being the widow of a general killed "on the battlefield." Mme. Vauquer -gave her every attention, confiding all her own affairs to her. The -comtesse vanished at the end of six months, leaving a board bill -unsettled. Mme. Vauquer sought her eagerly, but was never able to -obtain a trace of this adventuress. [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -AMEDEE, nickname bestowed on Felix de Vandenesse by Lady Dudley when -she thought she saw a rival in Madame de Mortsauf. [The Lily of the -Valley.] -</p> -<p> -ANCHISE (Pere), a surname given by La Palferine to a little Savoyard -of ten years who worked for him without pay. "I have never seen such -silliness coupled with such intelligence," the Prince of Bohemia said -of this child; "he would go through fire for me, he understands -everything, and yet he does not see that I cannot help him." [A Prince -of Bohemia.] -</p> -<p> -ANGARD—At Paris, in 1840, the "professor" Angard was consulted, in -connection with the Doctors Bianchon and Larabit, on account of Mme. -Hector Hulot, who it was feared was losing her reason. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -ANGELIQUE (Sister), nun of the Carmelite convent at Blois under Louis -XVIII. Celebrated for her leanness. She was known by Renee de -l'Estorade (Mme. de Maucombe) and Louise de Chaulieu (Mme. Marie -Gaston), who went to school at the convent. [Letters of Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -ANICETTE, chambermaid of the Princesse de Cadignan in 1839. The -artful and pretty Champagne girl was sought by the sub-prefect of -Arcis-sur-Aube, by Maxime de Trailles, and by Mme. Beauvisage, the -mayor's wife, each trying to bribe and enlist her on the side of -one of the various candidates for deputy. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -ANNETTE, Christian name of a young woman of the Parisian world, under -the Restoration. She had been brought up at Ecouen, where she had -received the practical counsels of Mme. Campan. Mistress of Charles -Grandet before his father's death. Towards the close of 1819, a prey -to suspicion, she must needs sacrifice her happiness for the time -being, so she made a weary journey with her husband into Scotland. She -made her lover effeminate and materialistic, advising with him about -everything. He returned from the Indies in 1827, when she quickly -brought about his engagement with Mlle. d'Aubrion. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -ANNETTE, maid servant of Rigou at Blangy, Burgundy. She was nineteen -years old, in 1823, and had held this place for more than three years, -although Gregoire Rigou never kept servants for a longer period than -this, however much he might and did favor them. Annette, sweet, -blonde, delicate, a true masterpiece of dainty, piquant loveliness, -worthy to wear a duchess' coronet, earned nevertheless only thirty -francs a year. She kept company with Jean-Louis Tonsard without -letting her master once suspect it; ambition had prompted this young -woman to flatter her employer as a means of hoodwinking this lynx. -[The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -ANSELME, Jesuit, living in rue des Postes (now rue Lhomond). -Celebrated mathematician. Had some dealings with Felix Phellion, whom -he tried to convert to his religious belief. This rather meagre -information concerning him was furnished by a certain Madame Komorn. -[The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -ANTOINE, born in the village of Echelles, Savoy. In 1824 he had served -longest as clerk in the Bureau of Finance, where he had secured -positions, still more modest than his own, for a couple of his -nephews, Laurent and Gabriel, both of whom were married to lace -laundresses. Antoine meddled with every act of the administration. He -elbowed, criticised, scolded and toadied to Clement Chardin des -Lupeaulx and other office-holders. He doubtless lived with his -nephews. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -ANTOINE, old servant of the Marquise Beatrix de Rochefide, in 1840, on -the rue de Chartes-du-Roule, near Monceau Park, Paris. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -ANTONIA—see Chocardelle, Mlle. -</p> -<p> -AQUILINA, a Parisian courtesan of the time of the Restoration and -Louis Philippe. She claimed to be a Piedmontese. Of her true name she -was ignorant. She had appropriated this <i>nom de guerre</i> from a -character in the well-known tragedy by Otway, "Venice Preserved," that -she had chanced to read. At sixteen, pure and beautiful, at the time -of her downfall, she had met Castanier, Nucingen's cashier, who -resolved to save her from evil for his own gain, and live maritally -with her in the rue Richter. Aquilina then took the name of Madame de -la Garde. At the same time of her relations with Castanier, she had -for a lover a certain Leon, a petty officer in a regiment of infantry, -and none other than one of the sergeants of Rochelle to be executed on -the Place de Greve in 1822. Before this execution, in the reign of -Louis XVIII., she attended a performance of "Le Comedien d'Etampes," -one evening at the Gymnase, when she laughed immoderately at the -comical part played by Perlet. At the same time, Castanier, also -present at this mirthful scene, but harassed by Melmoth, was -experiencing the insufferable doom of a cruel hidden drama. [Melmoth -Reconciled.] Her next appearance is at a famous orgy at the home of -Frederic Taillefer, rue Joubert, in company with Emile Blondet, -Rastignac, Bixiou and Raphael de Valentin. She was a magnificent girl -of good figure, superb carriage, and striking though irregular -features. Her glance and smile startled one. She always included some -red trinket in her attire, in memory of her executed lover. [The Magic -Skin.] -</p> -<p> -ARCOS (Comte d'), a Spanish grandee living in the Peninsula at the -time of the expedition of Napoleon I. He would probably have married -Maria-Pepita-Juana Marana de Mancini, had it not been for the peculiar -incidents which brought about her marriage with the French officer, -Francois Diard. [The Maranas.] -</p> -<p> -ARGAIOLO (Duc d'), a very rich and well-born Italian, the respected -though aged husband of her who later became the Duchesse de Rhetore, -to the perpetual grief of Albert Savarus. Argaiolo died, almost an -octogenarian, in 1835. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -ARGAIOLO (Duchesse d'), nee Soderini, wife of the Duc d'Argaiolo. She -became a widow in 1835, and took as her second husband the Duc de -Rhetore. (See Duchesse de Rhetore.) [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -ARRACHELAINE, surname of the rogue, Ruffard. (See that name.) [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -ARTHEZ (Daniel d'), one of the most illustrious authors of the -nineteenth century, and one of those rare men who display "the unity -of excellent talent and excellent character." Born about 1794 or 1796. -A Picard gentleman. In 1821, when about twenty-five, he was -poverty-stricken and dwelt on the fifth floor of a dismal house in the -rue des Quatre-Vents, Paris, where had also resided the illustrious -surgeon Desplein, in his youth. There he fraternized with: Horace -Bianchon, then house-physician at Hotel-Dieu; Leon Giraud, the profound -philosopher; Joseph Bridau, the painter who later achieved so much -renown; Fulgence Ridal, comic poet of great sprightliness; Meyraux, -the eminent physiologist who died young; lastly, Louis Lambert and -Michel Chrestien, the Federalist Republican, both of whom were cut off -in their prime. To these men of heart and of talent Lucien de -Rubempre, the poet, sought to attach himself. He was introduced by -Daniel d'Arthez, their recognized leader. This society had taken the -name of the "Cenacle." D'Arthez and his friends advised and aided, -when in need, Lucien the "Distinguished Provincial at Paris" who ended -so tragically. Moreover, with a truly remarkable disinterestedness -d'Arthez corrected and revised "The Archer of Charles IX.," written by -Lucien, and the work became a superb book, in his hands. Another -glimpse of d'Arthez is as the unselfish friend of Marie Gaston, a -young poet of his stamp, but "effeminate." D'Arthez was swarthy, with -long locks, rather small and bearing some resemblance to Bonaparte. He -might be called the rival of Rousseau, "the Aquatic," since he was -very temperate, very pure, and drank water only. For a long time he -ate at Flicoteaux's in the Latin Quarter. He had grown famous in 1832, -besides enjoying an income of thirty thousand francs bequeathed by an -uncle who had left him a prey to the most biting poverty so long as -the author was unknown. D'Arthez then resided in a pretty house of his -own in the rue de Bellefond, where he lived in other respects as -formerly, in the rigor of work. He was a deputy sitting on the right -and upholding the Royalist platform of Divine Right. When he had -acquired a competence, he had a most vulgar and incomprehensible -<i>liaison</i> with a woman tolerably pretty, but belonging to a lower -society and without either education or breeding. D'Arthez maintained -her, nevertheless, carefully concealing her from sight; but, far from -being a pleasurable manner of life, it became odious to him. It was at -this time that he was invited to the home of Diane de Maufrigneuse, -Princesse de Cadignan, who was then thirty-six, but did not look it. -The famous "great coquette" told him her (so-called) "secrets," -offered herself outright to this man whom she treated as a "famous -simpleton," and whom she made her lover. After that day there was no -doubt about the relations of the princesse and Daniel d'Arthez. The -great author, whose works became very rare, appeared only during some -of the winter months at the Chamber of Deputies. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris. Letters of Two Brides. The Member for Arcis. The -Secrets of a Princess.] -</p> -<p> -ASIE, one of the pseudonyms of Jacqueline Collin. (See that name.) -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -ATHALIE, cook for Mme. Schontz in 1836. According to her mistress, she -was specially gifted in preparing venison. [The Muse of the -Department.] -</p> -<p> -AUBRION (Marquis d'), a gentleman-in-waiting of the Bedchamber, under -Charles X. He was of the house of Aubrion de Buch, whose last head -died before 1789. He was silly enough to wed a woman of fashion, -though he was already an old man of but twenty thousand francs income, -a sum hardly sufficient in Paris. He tried to marry his daughter -without a dowry to some man who was intoxicated with nobility. In -1827, to quote Mme. d'Aubrion, this ancient wreck was madly devoted to -the Duchesse de Chaulieu [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -AUBRION (Marquise d'), wife of the preceding. Born in 1789. At -thirty-eight she was still pretty, and, having always been somewhat -aspiring, she endeavored (in 1827), by hook or by crook, to entangle -Charles Grandet, lately returned from the Indies. She wished to make a -son-in-law out of him, and she succeeded. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -AUBRION (Mathilde d') daughter of the Marquis and Marquise d'Aubrion; -born in 1808; married to Charles Grandet. (See that name.) [Eugenie -Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -AUBRION (Comte d'), the title acquired by Charles Grandet after his -marriage to the daughter of the Marquis d'Aubrion. [The Firm of -Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -AUFFRAY, grocer at Provins, in the period of Louis XV., Louis XVI. and -the Revolution. M. Auffray married the first time when eighteen, the -second time at sixty-nine. By his first wife he had a rather ugly -daughter who married, at sixteen, a landlord of Provins, Rogron by -name. Auffray had another daughter, by his second marriage, a charming -girl, this time, who married a Breton captain in the Imperial Guard. -Pierrette Lorrain was the daughter of this officer. The old grocer -Auffray died at the time of the Empire without having had time enough -to make his will. The inheritance was so skillfully manipulated by -Rogron, the first son-in-law of the deceased, that almost nothing was -left for the goodman's widow, then only about thirty-eight years old. -[Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -AUFFRAY (Madame), wife of the preceding. (See Neraud, Mme.) -[Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -AUFFRAY, a notary of Provins in 1827. Husband of Mme. Guenee's third -daughter. Great-grand-nephew of the old grocer, Auffray. Appointed a -guardian of Pierrette Lorrain. On account of the ill-treatment to -which this young girl was subjected at the home of her guardian, Denis -Rogron, she was removed, an invalid, to the home of the notary -Auffray, a designated guardian, where she died, although tenderly -cared for. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -AUFFRAY (Madame), born Guenee. Wife of the preceding. The third -daughter of Mme. Guenee, born Tiphaine. She exhibited the greatest -kindness for Pierrette Lorrain, and nursed her tenderly in her last -illness. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -AUGUSTE, name borne by Boislaurier, as chief of "brigands," in the -uprisings of the West under the Republic and under the Empire. [The -Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -AUGUSTE, <i>valet de chambre</i> of the General Marquis Armand de -Montriveau, under the Restoration, at the time when the latter dwelt -in the rue de Seine hard by the Chamber of Peers, and was intimate -with the Duchesse Antoinette de Langeais. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -AUGUSTE, notorious assassin, executed in the first years of the -Restoration. He left a mistress, surnamed Rousse, to whom Jacques -Collin had faithfully remitted (in 1819) some twenty odd thousands of -francs, on behalf of her lover after his execution. This woman was -married in 1821, by Jacques Collin's sister, to the head clerk of a -rich, wholesale hardware merchant. Nevertheless, though once more in -respectable society, she remained bound, by a secret compact, to the -terrible Vautrin and his sister. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -AUGUSTE (Madame), dressmaker of Esther Gobseck, and her creditor in -the time of Louis XVIII. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -AUGUSTIN, <i>valet de chambre</i> of M. de Serizy in 1822. [A Start in -Life.] -</p> -<p> -AURELIE, a Parisian courtesan, under Louis Philippe, at the time when -Mme. Fabien du Ronceret commenced her conquests. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -AURELIE (La Petite), one of the nicknames of Josephine Schiltz, also -called Schontz, who became, later, Mme. Fabien du Ronceret. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -AUVERGNAT (L'), one of the assumed names of the rogue Selerier, alias -Pere Ralleau, alias Rouleur, alias Fil-de-soie. (See Selerier.) -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0005"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - B -</h2> -<p> -BABYLAS, groom or "tiger" of Amedee de Soulas, in 1834, at Besancon. -Was fourteen years old at this time. The son of one of his master's -tenants. He earned thirty-six francs a month by his position to -support himself, but he was neat and skillful. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -BAPTISTE, <i>valet de chambre</i> to the Duchesse de Lenoncourt-Chaulieu in -1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -BARBANCHU, Bohemian with a cocked hat, who was called into Vefour's by -some journalists who breakfasted there at the expense of Jerome -Thuillier, in 1840, and invited by them to "sponge" off of this urbane -man, which he did. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -BARBANTI (The), a Corsican family who brought about the reconciliation -of the Piombos and the Portas in 1800. [The Vendetta.] -</p> -<p> -BARBET, a dynasty of second-hand book-dealers in Paris under the -Restoration and Louis Philippe. They were Normans. In 1821 and the -years following, one of them ran a little shop on the quay des -Grands-Augustins, and purchased Lousteau's books. In 1836, a Barbet, -partner in a book-shop with Metivier and Morand, owned a wretched house -on the rue Notre-Dame-des-Champs and the boulevard du Mont-Parnasse, -where dwelt the Baron Bourlac with his daughter and grandson. In 1840 -the Barbets had become regular usurers dealing in credits with the firm -of Cerizet and Company. The same year a Barbet occupied, in a house -belonging to Jerome Thuillier, rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer (now rue -Royal-Collard), a room on the first flight up and a shop on the ground -floor. He was then a "publisher's shark." Barbet junior, a nephew of -the foregoing, and editor in the alley des Panoramas, placed on the -market at this time a brochure composed by Th. de la Peyrade but -signed by Thuillier and having the title "Capital and Taxes." [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Man of Business. The Seamy Side -of History. The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -BARBETTE, wife of the great Cibot, known as Galope-Chopine. (See -Cibot, Barbette.) [Les Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -BARCHOU DE PENHOEN (Auguste-Theodore-Hilaire), born at Morlaix -(Finistere), April 28, 1801, died at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, July 29, -1855. A school-mate of Balzac, Jules Dufaure and Louis Lambert, and -his neighbors in the college dormitory of Vendome in 1811. Later he -was an officer, then a writer of transcendental philosophy, a -translator of Fichte, a friend and interpreter of Ballanche. In 1849 -he was elected, by his fellow-citizens of Finistere, to the -Legislative Assembly where he represented the Legitimists and the -Catholics. He protested against the <i>coup d'etat</i> of December 2, 1851 -(See "The Story of a Crime," by Victor Hugo). When a child he came -under the influence of Pyrrhonism. He once gainsaid the talent of -Louis Lambert, his Vendome school-mate. [Louis Lambert.] -</p> -<p> -BARGETON (De), born between 1761 and 1763. Great-grandson of an -Alderman of Bordeau named Mirault, ennobled during the reign of Louis -XIII., and whose son, under Louis XIV., now Mirault de Bargeton, was -an officer of the Guards de la Porte. He owned a house at Angouleme, -in the rue du Minage, where he lived with his wife, Marie-Louise-Anais -de Negrepelisse, to whom he was entirely obedient. On her account, and -at her instigation, he fought with one of the habitues of his salon, -Stanislas de Chandour, who had circulated in the town a slander on -Mme. de Bargeton. Bargeton lodged a bullet in his opponent's neck. He -had for a second his father-in-law, M. de Negrepelisse. Following -this, M. de Bargeton retired into his estate at Escarbas, near -Barbezieux, while his wife, as a result of the duel left Angouleme for -Paris. M. de Bargeton had been of good physique, but "injured by -youthful excesses." He was commonplace, but a great gourmand. He died -of indigestion towards the close of 1821. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -BARGETON (Madame de), nee Marie-Louise-Anais Negrepelisse, wife of the -foregoing. Left a widow, she married again, this time the Baron Sixte -du Chatelet. (See that name.) -</p> -<p> -BARILLAUD, known by Frederic Alain whose suspicion he aroused with -regard to Monegod. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -BARIMORE (Lady), daughter of Lord Dudley, and apparently the wife of -Lord Barimore, although it is a disputed question. Just after 1830, -she helped receive at a function of Mlle. des Touches, rue de la -Chaussee-d'Antin, where Marsay told about his first love affair. -[Another Study of Woman.] -</p> -<p> -BARKER (William), one of Vautrin's "incarnations." In 1824 or 1825, -under this assumed name, he posed as one of the creditors of M. -d'Estourny, making him endorse some notes of Cerizet's, the partner of -this M. d'Estourny. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -BARNHEIM, family in good standing at Bade. On the maternal side, the -family of Mme. du Ronceret, nee Schiltz, alias Schontz. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -BARNIOL, Phellion's son-in-law. Head of an academy (in 1840), rue -Saint-Hyacinthe-Saint-Michel (now, rue Le Goff and rue Malebrache). A -rather influential man in the Faubourg Saint-Jacques. Visited the -salon of Thuillier. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -BARNIOL (Madame), nee Phellion, wife of the preceding. She had been -under-governess in the boarding school of the Mlles. Lagrave, rue -Notre-Dame des Champs. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -BARRY (John), a young English huntsman, well known in the district -whence the Prince of Loudon brought him to employ him at his own home. -He was with this great lord in 1829, 1830. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -BARTAS (Adrien de), of Angouleme. In 1821, he and his wife were very -devoted callers at the Bargetons. M. de Bartas gave himself up -entirely to music, talking about this subject incessantly, and -courting invitations to sing with his heavy bass voice. He posed as -the lover of Mme. de Brebion, the wife of his best friend. M. de -Brebion became the lover of Mme. de Bartas. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -BARTAS (Madame Josephine de), wife of the preceding, always called -Fifine, "for short." [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -BASTIENNE, Parisian modiste in 1821. Finot's journal vaunted her hats, -for a pecuniary consideration, and derogated those of Virginie, -formerly praised. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -BATAILLES (The), belonging to the bourgeoisie of Paris, traders of -Marais, neighbors and friends of the Baudoyers and the Saillards in -1824. M. Bataille was a captain in the National Guard, a fact which he -allowed no one to ignore. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -BAUDENORD (Godefroid de), born in 1800. In 1821 he was one of the -kings of fashion, in company with Marsay, Vandenesse, Ajuda-Pinto, -Maxime de Trailles, Rastignac, the Duc de Maufrigneuse and Manerville. -[A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] His nobility and breeding were -perhaps not very orthodox. According to Mlle. Emilie de Fontaine, he -was of bad figure and stout, having but a single advantage—that of -his brown locks. [The Ball at Sceaux.] A cousin, by marriage, of his -guardian, the Marquis d'Aiglemont, he was, like him, ruined by the -Baron de Nucingen in the Wortschin mine deal. At one time Beaudenord -thought of paying court to his pretty cousin, the Marquise -d'Aiglemont. In 1827 he wedded Isaure d'Aldrigger and, after having -lived with her in a cosy little house on the rue de le Planche, he was -obliged to solicit employment of the Minister of Finance, a position -which he lost on account of the Revolution of 1830. However, he was -reinstated through the influence of Nucingen, in 1836. He now lived -modestly with his mother-in-law, his unmarried sister-in-law, Malvina, -his wife and four children which she had given him, on the third -floor, over the entresol, rue du Mont-Thabor. [The Firm of Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -BAUDENORD (Madame de), wife of the preceding. Born Isaure d'Aldrigger, -in 1807, at Strasbourg. An indolent blonde, fond of dancing, but a -nonentity from both the moral and the intellectual standpoints. [The -Firm of Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -BAUDOYER (Monsieur and Madame), formerly tanners at Paris, rue -Censier. They owned their house, besides having a country seat at -l'Isle Adam. They had but one child, Isidore, whose sketch follows. -Mme. Baudoyer, born Mitral, was the sister of the bailiff of that -name. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -BAUDOYER (Isidore), born in 1788; only son of M. and Mme. Baudoyer, -tanners, rue Censier, Paris. Having finished a course of study, he -obtained a position in the Bureau of Finance, where, despite his -notorious incapacity—and through "wire-pulling"—he became head of -the office. In 1824, a head of the division, M. de La Billardiere -died, when the meritorious clerk, Xavier Rabourdin, aspired to succeed -him; but the position went to Isidore Baudoyer, who was backed by the -power of money and the influence of the Church. He did not retain this -post long; six months thereafter he became a preceptor at Paris. -Isidore Baudoyer lived with his wife and her parents in a house on -Palais Royale (now Place des Vosges), of which they were joint owners. -[The Government Clerks.] He dined frequently, in 1840, at Thuillier's, -an old employe of the Bureau of Finance, then domiciled at the rue -Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer, who had renewed his acquaintance with his -old-time colleagues. [The Middle Classes.] In 1845, this man, who had -been a model husband and who made a great pretence of religion -maintained Heloise Brisetout. He was then mayor of the arrondissement -of the Palais Royale. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -BAUDOYER (Madame), wife of the preceding and daughter of a cashier of -the Minister of Finance; born Elisabeth Saillard in 1795. Her mother, -an Auvergnat, had an uncle, Bidault, alias Gigonnet, a short-time -money lender in the Halles quarter. On the other side, her -mother-in-law was the sister of the bailiff Mitral. Thanks to these two -men of means, who exercised a veritable secret power, and through her -piety, which put her on good terms with the clergy, she succeeded in -raising her husband up to the highest official positions—profiting also -by the financial straits of Clement Chardin des Lupeaulx, Secretary -General of Finance. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -BAUDOYER (Mademoiselle), daughter of Isidore Baudoyer and Elisabeth -Saillard, born in 1812. Reared by her parents with the idea of -becoming the wife of the shrewd and energetic speculator Martin -Falleix, brother of Jacques Falleix the stock-broker. [The Government -Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -BAUDRAND, cashier of a boulevard theatre, of which Gaudissart became -the director about 1834. In 1845 he was succeeded by the proletariat -Topinard. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -BAUDRY (Planat de), Receiver General of Finances under the -Restoration. He married one of the daughters of the Comte de Fontaine. -He usually passed his summers at Sceaux, with almost all his wife's -family. [The Ball at Sceaux.] -</p> -<p> -BAUVAN (Comte de), one of the instigators of the Chouan insurrection -in the department d'Ille-et-Vilaine, in 1799. Through a secret -revelation made to his friend the Marquis de Montauran on the part of -Mlle. de Verneuil, the Comte de Bauvan caused, indirectly, the -Massacre des Bleus at Vivetiere. Later, surprised in an ambuscade by -soldiers of the Republic, he was made a prisoner by Mlle. de Verneuil -and owed his life to her; for this reason he became entirely devoted -to her, assisting as a witness at her marriage with Montauran. [The -Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -BAUVAN (Comtesse de), in all likelihood the wife of the foregoing, -whom she survived. In 1822 she was manager of a Parisian lottery -bureau which employed Madame Agatha Bridau, about the same time. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -BAUVAN (Comte and Comtesse de), father and mother of Octave de Bauvan. -Relics of the old Court, living in a tumble-down house on the rue -Payenne at Paris, where they died, about 1815, within a few months of -each other, and before the conjugal infelicity of their son. (See -Octave de Bauvan.) Probably related to the two preceding. [Honorine.] -</p> -<p> -BAUVAN (Comte Octave de), statesman and French magistrate. Born in -1787. When twenty-six he married Honorine, a beautiful young heiress -who had been reared carefully at the home of his parents, M. and Mme. -de Bauvan, whose ward she was. Two or three years afterwards she left -the conjugal roof, to the infinite despair of the comte, who gave -himself over entirely to winning her back again. At the end of several -years he succeeded in getting her to return to him through pity, but -she died soon after this reconciliation, leaving one son born of their -reunion. The Comte de Bauvan, completely broken, set out for Italy -about 1836. He had two residences at Paris, one on rue Payenne, an -heirloom, the other on Faubourg Saint-Honore, which was the scene of -the domestic reunion. [Honorine.] In 1830, the Comte de Bauvan, then -president of the Court of Cassation, with MM. de Granville and de -Serizy, tried to save Lucien de Rubempre from a criminal judgment, -and, after the suicide of that unhappy man, he followed his remains to -the grave. [Scenes from a Courtesan's life.] -</p> -<p> -BAUVAN (Comtesse Honorine de), wife of the preceding. Born in 1794. -Married at nineteen to the Comte Octave de Bauvan. After having -abandoned her husband, she was in turn, while expecting a child, -abandoned by her lover, some eighteen months later. She then lived a -very retired life in the rue Saint-Maur, yet all the time being under -the secret surveillance of the Comte de Bauvan who paid exorbitant -prices for the artificial flowers which she made. She thus derived -from him a rather large part of the sustenance which she believed she -owed only to her own efforts. She died, reunited to her husband, -shortly after the Revolution of July, 1830. Honorine de Bauvan lost -her child born out of wedlock, and she always mourned it. During her -years of toilsome exile in the Parisian faubourg, she came in contact -successively with Marie Gobain, Jean-Jules Popinot, Felix Gaudissart, -Maurice de l'Hostal and Abbe Loraux.[Honorine.] -</p> -<p> -BEAUDENORD (Madame de), wife of the preceding. Born Isaure -d'Aldrigger, in 1807, at Strasbourg. An indolent blonde, fond of -dancing, but a nonentity from both the moral and the intellectual -standpoints. [The Firm of Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -BEAUMESNIL (Mademoiselle), a celebrated actress of the -Theatre-Francais, Paris. Mature at the time of the Restoration. She -was the mistress of the police-officer Peyrade, by whom she had a -daughter, Lydie, whom he acknowledged. The last home of Mlle. -Beaumesnil was on rue de Tournon. It was there that she suffered the -loss by theft of her valuable diamonds, through Charles Crochard, her -real lover. This was at the beginning of the reign of Louis Philippe. -[The Middle Classes. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. A Second Home.] -</p> -<p> -BEAUPIED, or Beau-Pied, an alias of Jean Falcon. (See that name.) -</p> -<p> -BEAUPRE (Fanny), an actress at the Theatre de la Porte-Saint-Martin, -Paris, time of Charles X. Young and beautiful, in 1825, she made a -name for herself in the role of marquise in a melodrama entitled "La -Famille d'Anglade." At this time she had replaced Coralie, then dead, -in the affections of Camusot the silk-merchant. It was at Fanny -Beaupre's that Oscar Husson, one of the clerks of lawyer Desroches, -lost in gaming the sum of five hundred francs belonging to his -employer, and that he was discovered lying dead-drunk on a sofa by his -uncle Cardot. [A Start in Life.] In 1829 Fanny Beaupre, for a money -consideration, posed as the best friend of the Duc d'Herouville. -[Modeste Mignon.] In 1842, after his liaison with Mme. de la Baudraye, -Lousteau lived maritally with her. [The Muse of the Department.] A -frequent inmate of the mansion magnificently fitted up for Esther -Gobseck by the Baron de Nucingen, she knew all the fast set of the -years 1829 and 1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -BEAUSEANT (Marquis and Comte de), the father and eldest brother of the -Vicomte de Beauseant, husband of Claire de Bourgogne. [The Deserted -Woman.] In 1819, the marquis and the comte dwelt together in their -house, rue Saint-Dominique, Paris. [Father Goriot.] While the -Revolution was on, the marquis had emigrated. The Abbe de Marolles had -dealings with him. [An Episode under the Terror.] -</p> -<p> -BEAUSEANT (Marquise de). In 1824 a Marquise de Beauseant, then rather -old, is found to have dealings with the Chaulieus. It was probably the -widow of the marquis of this name, and the mother of the Comte and -Vicomte de Beauseant. [Letters of Two Brides.] The Marquise de -Beauseant was a native of Champagne, coming of a very old family. [The -Deserted Woman.] -</p> -<p> -BEAUSEANT (Vicomte de), husband of Claire de Bourgogne. He understood -the relations of his wife with Miguel d'Ajuda-Pinto, and, whether he -liked it or not, he respected this species of morganatic alliance -recognized by society. The Vicomte de Beauseant had his residence in -Paris on the rue de Grenelle in 1819. At that time he kept a dancer -and liked nothing better than high living. He became a marquis on the -death of his father and eldest brother. He was a polished man, -courtly, methodical, and ceremonious. He insisted upon living -selfishly. His death would have allowed Mme. de Beauseant to wed -Gaston de Nueil. [Father Goriot. The Deserted Woman.] -</p> -<p> -BEAUSEANT (Vicomtesse de), born Clair de Bourgogne, in 1792. Wife of -the preceding and cousin of Eugene de Rastignac. Of a family almost -royal. Deceived by her lover, Miguel d'Ajuda-Pinto, who, while -continuing his intimacy with her, asked and obtained the hand of -Berthe de Rochefide, the vicomtesse left Paris secretly before this -wedding and on the morning following a grand ball which was given at -her home where she shone in all her pride and splendor. In 1822 this -"deserted woman" had lived for three years in the most rigid seclusion -at Courcelles near Bayeux. Gaston de Nueil, a young man of three and -twenty, who had been sent to Normandy for his health, succeeded in -making her acquaintance, was immediately smitten with her and, after a -long seige, became her lover. This was at Geneva, whither she had -fled. Their intimacy lasted for nine years, being broken by the -marriage of the young man. In 1819 the Vicomtesse de Beauseant -received at Paris the most famous "high-rollers" of the day -—Malincour, Ronquerolles, Maxime de Trailles, Marsay, Vandenesse, -together with an intermingling of the most elegant dames, as Lady -Brandon, the Duchesse de Langeais, the Comtesse de Kergarouet, Mme. de -Serizy, the Duchesse Carigliano, the Comtesse Ferraud, Mme. de Lantry, -the Marquise d'Aiglemont, Mme. Firmiani, the Marquise de Listomere, -the Marquise d'Espard and the Duchesse de Maufrigneuse. She was -equally intimate with Grandlieu, and the General de Montriveau. -Rastignac, then poor at the time of his start in the world, also -received cards to her receptions. [Father Goriot. The Deserted Woman. -Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -BEAUSSIER, a bourgeois of Issoudun under the Restoration. Upon seeing -Joseph Bridau in the diligence, while the artist and his mother were -on a journey in 1822, he remarked that he would not care to meet him -at night in the corner of a forest—he looked so much like a -highwayman. That same evening Beaussier, accompanied by his wife, came -to call at Hochon's in order to get a nearer view of the painter. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -BEAUSSIER the younger, known as Beaussier the Great; son of the -preceding and one of the Knights of Idlesse at Issoudun, commanded by -Maxence Gilet, under the Restoration. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -BEAUVISAGE, physician of the Convent des Carmelites at Blois, time of -Louis XVIII. He was known by Louise de Chaulieu and by Renee de -Maucombe, who were reared in the convent. According to Louise de -Chaulieu, he certainly belied his name. [Letters of Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -BEAUVISAGE, at one time tenant of the splendid farm of Bellache, -pertaining to the Gondreville estate at Arcis-sur-Aube. The father of -Phileas Beauvisage. Died about the beginning of the nineteenth -century. [The Gondreville Mystery. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -BEAUVISAGE (Madame), wife of the preceding. She survived him for quite -a long period and helped her son Phileas win his success. [The Member -for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -BEAUVISAGE (Phileas), son of Beauvisage the farmer. Born in 1792. A -hosier at Arcis-sur-Aube during the Restoration. Mayor of the town in -1839. After a preliminary defeat he was elected deputy at the time -when Sallenauve sent in his resignation, in 1841. An ardent admirer of -Crevel whose affectations he aped. A millionaire and very vain, he -would have been able, according to Crevel, to advance Mme. Hulot, for -a consideration, the two hundred thousand francs of which that unhappy -lady stood in so dire a need about 1842. [Cousin Betty. The Member for -Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -BEAUVISAGE (Madame), born Severine Grevin in 1795. Wife of Phileas -Beauvisage, whom she kept in complete subjugation. Daughter of Grevin -the notary of Arcis-sur-Aube, Senator Malin de Gondreville's intimate -friend. She inherited her father's marvelous faculty of discretion; -and, though diminutive in stature, reminded one forcibly, in her face -and ways, of Mlle. Mars. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -BEAUVISAGE (Cecile-Renee), only daughter of Phileas Beauvisage and -Severine Grevin. Born in 1820. Her natural father was the Vicomte -Melchior de Chargeboeuf who was sub-prefect of Arcis-sur-Aube at the -commencement of the Restoration. She looked exactly like him, besides -having his aristocratic airs. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -BEAUVOIR (Charles-Felix-Theodore, Chevalier de), cousin of the -Duchesse de Maille. A Chouan prisoner of the Republic in the chateau -de l'Escarpe in 1799. The hero of a tale of marital revenge related by -Lousteau, in 1836, to Mme. de la Baudraye, the story being obtained -—so the narrator said—from Charles Nodier. [The Muse of the -Department.] -</p> -<p> -BECANIERE (La), surname of Barbette Cibot. (See that name.) -</p> -<p> -BECKER (Edme), a student of medicine who dwelt in 1828 at number 22, -rue de la Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve—the residence of the Marquis -d'Espard. [The Commission in Lunacy.] -</p> -<p> -BEDEAU, office boy and roustabout for Maitre Bordin, attorney to the -Chatelet in 1787. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -BEGA, surgeon in a French regiment of the Army of Spain in 1808. After -having privately accouched a Spaniard under the espionage of her -lover, he was assassinated by her husband, who surprised him in the -telling of this clandestine operation. The foregoing adventure was -told Mme. de la Baudraye, in 1836, by the Receiver of Finances, -Gravier, former paymaster of the Army. [The Muse of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -BEGRAND (La), a dancer at the theatre of Porte-Sainte-Martin, Paris, -in 1820.* Mariette, who made her debut at this time, also scored a -success. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<pre> -* She shone for more than sixty years as a famous choreographical - artist in the boulevards. -</pre> -<p> -BELLEFEUILLE (Mademoiselle de), assumed name of Caroline Crochard. -</p> -<p> -BELLEJAMBE, servant of Lieutenant-Colonel Husson in 1837. [A Start in -Life.] -</p> -<p> -BELOR (Mademoiselle de), young girl of Bordeaux living there about -1822. She was always in search of a husband, whom, for some cause or -other, she never found. Probably intimate with Evangelista. [A -Marriage Settlement.] -</p> -<p> -BEMBONI (Monsignor), attache to the Secretary of State at Rome, who -was entrusted with the transmission to the Duc de Soria at Madrid of -the letters of Baron de Macumer his brother, a Spanish refugee at -Paris in 1823, 1824. [Letters of Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -BENARD (Pieri). After corresponding with a German for two years, he -discovered an engraving by Muller entitled the "Virgin of Dresden." It -was on Chinese paper and made before printing was discovered. It cost -Cesar Birotteau fifteen hundred francs. The perfumer destined this -engraving for the savant Vauquelin, to whom he was under obligations. -[Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -BENASSIS (Doctor), born about 1779 in a little town of Languedoc. He -received his early training at the College of Soreze, Tarn, which was -managed by the Oratorians. After that he pursued his medical studies -at Paris, residing in the Latin quarter. When twenty-two he lost his -father, who left him a large fortune; and he deserted a young girl by -whom he had had a son, in order to give himself over to the most -foolish dissipations. This young girl, who was thoroughly well meant -and devoted to him, died two years after the desertion despite the -most tender care of her now contrite lover. Later Benassis sought -marriage with another young girl belonging to a Jansenist family. At -first the affair was settled, but he was thrown over when the secret -of his past life, hitherto concealed, was made known. He then devoted -his whole life to his son, but the child died in his youth. After -wavering between suicide and the monastery of Grande-Chartreuse, -Doctor Benassis stopped by chance in the poor village of l'Isere, five -leagues from Grenoble. He remained there until he had transformed the -squalid settlement, inhabited by good-for-nothing Cretins, into the -chief place of the Canton, bustling and prosperous. Benassis died in -1829, mayor of the town. All the populace mourned the benefactor and -man of genius. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -BENEDETTO, an Italian living at Rome in the first third of the -nineteenth century. A tolerable musician, and a police spy, "on the -side." Ugly, small and a drunkard, he was nevertheless the lucky -husband of Luigia, whose marvelous beauty was his continual boast. -After an evening spent by him over the wine-cups, his wife in loathing -lighted a brasier of charcoal, after carefully closing all the exits -of the bedchamber. The neighbors rushing in succeeded in saving her -alone; Benedetto was dead. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -BERENICE, chambermaid and cousin of Coralie the actress of the -Panorama and Gymnase Dramatique. A large Norman woman, as ugly as her -mistress was pretty, but tender and sympathetic in direct proportion -to her corpulence. She had been Coralie's childhood playmate and was -absolutely bound up in her. In October, 1822, she gave Lucien de -Rubempre, then entirely penniless, four five-franc pieces which she -undoubtedly owed to the generosity of chance lovers met on the -boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle. This sum enabled the unfortunate poet to -return to Angouleme. [Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] -</p> -<p> -BERGERIN was the best doctor at Saumur during the Restoration. He -attended Felix Grandet in his last illness. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -BERGMANN (Monsieur and Madame), Swiss. Venerable gardeners of a -certain Comte Borromeo, tending his parks located on the two famous -isles in Lake Major. In 1823 they owned a house at Gersau, near -Quatre-Canton Lake, in the Canton of Lucerne. For a year back they had -let one floor of this house to the Prince and Princesse Gandolphini, -—personages of a novel entitled, "L'Ambitieux par Amour," published -by Albert Savarus in the Revue de l'Est, in 1834. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -BERNARD. (See Baron de Bourlac.) -</p> -<p> -BERNUS, diligence messenger carrying the passengers, freight, and -perhaps, the letters of Saint-Nazaire to Guerande, during the time of -Charles X. and Louis Philippe. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -BERQUET, workman of Besancon who erected an elevated kiosk in the -garden of the Wattevilles, whence their daughter Rosalie could see -every act and movement of Albert Savarus, a near neighbor. [Albert -Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -BERTHIER (Alexandre), marshal of the Empire, born at Versailles in -1753, dying in 1815. He wrote, as Minister of War at the close of -1799, to Hulot, then in command of the Seventy-second demi-brigade, -refusing to accept his resignation and giving him further orders. [The -Chouans.] On the evening of the battle of Jena, October 13, 1806, he -accompanied the Emperor and was present at the latter's interview with -the Marquis de Chargeboeuf and Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, special envoys -to France to implore pardon for the Simeuses, the Hauteserres, and -Michu who had been condemned as abductors of Senator Malin de -Gondreville. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -BERTHIER, Parisian notary, successor of Cardot, whose assistant -head-clerk he had been and whose daughter Felicite (or Felicie) he -married. In 1843 he was Mme. Marneffe's notary. At the same time he -had in hand the affairs of Camusot de Marville; and Sylvain Pons often -dined with him. Master Berthier drew up the marriage settlement of -Wilhelm Schwab with Emilie Graff, and the copartnership articles -between Fritz Brunner and Wilhelm Schwab. [Cousin Betty. Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -BERTHIER (Madame), nee Felicie Cardot, wife of the preceding. She had -been wronged by the chief-clerk in her father's office. This young man -died suddenly, leaving her enceinte. She then espoused the second -clerk, Berthier, in 1837, after having been on the point of accepting -Lousteau. Berthier was cognizant of all the head-clerk's doings. In -this affair both acted for a common interest. The marriage was -measurably happy. Madame Berthier was so grateful to her husband that -she made herself his slave. About the end of 1844 she welcomed very -coldly Sylvain Pons, then in disgrace in the family circle. [The Muse -of the Department. Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -BERTON, tax-collector at Arcis-sur-Aube in 1839. [The Member for -Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -BERTON (Mademoiselle), daughter of the tax-collector of -Arcis-sur-Aube. A young, insignificant girl who acted the satellite -to Cecile Beauvisage and Ernestine Mollot. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -BERTON (Doctor), physician of Paris. In 1836 he lived on rue d'Enfer -(now rue Denfert-Rochereau). An assistant in the benevolent work of -Mme. de la Chanterie, he visited the needy sick whom she pointed out. -Among others he attended Vanda de Mergi, daughter of the Baron de -Bourlac—M. Bernard. Doctor Berton was gruff and frigid. [The Seamy -Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -BETHUNE (Prince de), the only man of fashion who knew "what a hat was" -—to quote a saying of Vital the hatter, in 1845. [The Unconscious -Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -BEUNIER & CO., the firm Bixiou inquired after in 1845, near Mme. -Nourrisson's. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -BIANCHI. Italian. During the first Empire a captain in the sixth -regiment of the French line, which was made up almost entirely of men -of his nationality. Celebrated in his company for having bet that he -would eat the heart of a Spanish sentinel, and winning that bet. -Captain Bianchi was first to plant the French colors on the wall of -Tarragone, Spain, in the attack of 1808. But a friar killed him. [The -Maranas.] -</p> -<p> -BIANCHON (Doctor), a physician of Sancerre, father of Horace Bianchon, -brother of Mme. Popinot, the wife of Judge Popinot. [The Commission in -Lunacy.] -</p> -<p> -BIANCHON (Horace), a physician of Paris, celebrated during the times -of Charles X. and Louis Philippe; an officer of the Legion of Honor, -member of the Institute, professor of the Medical Faculty, -physician-in-charge, at the same time, of a hospital and the Ecole -Polytechnique. Born at Sancerre, Cher, about the end of the eighteenth -century. He was "interne" at the Cochin Hospital in 1819, at which -time he boarded at the Vauquer Pension where he knew Eugene de -Rastignac, then studying law, and Goriot and Vautrin. [Father Goriot.] -Shortly thereafter, at Hotel Dieu, he became the favored pupil of the -surgeon Desplein, whose last days he tended. [The Atheist's Mass.] -Nephew of Judge Jean-Jules Popinot and relative of Anselme Popinot, he -had dealings with the perfumer Cesar Birotteau, who acknowledged -indebtedness to him for a prescription of his famous hazelnut oil, and -who invited him to the grand ball which precipitated Birotteau's -bankruptcy. [Cesar Birotteau. The Commission in Lunacy.] Member of the -"Cenacle" in rue des Quatre-Vents, and on intimate terms with all the -young fellows composing this clique, he was consequently enabled, to -an extent, to bring Daniel d'Arthez to the notice of Rastignac, now -Under-Secretary of State. He nursed Lucien de Rubempre who was wounded -in a duel with Michel Chrestien in 1822; also Coralie, Lucien's -mistress, and Mme. Bridau in their last illnesses. [Lost Illusions. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Bachelor's Establishment. The -Secrets of a Princess.] In 1824 the young Doctor Bianchon accompanied -Desplein, who was called in to attend the dying Flamet de la -Billardiere. [The Government Clerks.] In Provins in 1828, with the -same Desplein and Dr. Martener, he gave the most assiduous attention -to Pierrette Lorrain. [Pierrette.] In this same year of 1828 he had a -momentary desire to become one of an expedition to Morea. He was then -physician to Mme. de Listomere, whose misunderstanding with Rastignac -he learned and afterwards related. [A Study of Woman.] Again in -company with Desplein, in 1829, he was called in by Mme. de Nucingen -with the object of studying the case of Baron de Nucingen, her -husband, love-sick for Esther Gobseck. In 1830, still with his -celebrated chief, he was cited by Corentin to express an opinion on -the death of Peyrade and the lunacy of Lydie his daughter. Then, with -Desplein and with Dr. Sinard, to attend Mme. de Serizy, who it was -feared would go crazy over the suicide of Lucien de Rubempre. [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life.] Associated with Desplein, at this same time, -he cared for the dying Honorine, wife of Comte de Bauvan [Honorine.], -and examined the daughter of Baron de Bourlac—M. Bernard—who was -suffering from a peculiar Polish malady, the plica. [The Seamy Side of -History.] In 1831 Horace Bianchon was the friend and physician of -Raphael de Valentin. [The Magic Skin.] In touch with the Comte de -Granville in 1833, he attended the latter's mistress, Caroline -Crochard. [A Second Home.] He also attended Mme. du Bruel, then -mistress of La Palferine, who had injured herself by falling and -striking her head against the sharp corner of a fireplace. [A Prince -of Bohemia.] In 1835 he attended Mme. Marie Gaston—Louise de Chaulieu -—though a hopeless case. [Letters of Two Brides.] In 1837 at Paris he -accouched Mme. de la Baudraye who had been intimate with Lousteau; he -was assisted by the celebrated accoucheur Duriau. [The Muse of the -Department.] In 1838 he was Comte Laginski's physician. [The Imaginary -Mistress.] In 1840 Horace Bianchon resided on rue de la -Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve, in the house where his uncle, Judge Popinot, -died, and he was asked to become one of the Municipal Council, in place -of that upright magistrate. But he declined, declaring in favor of -Thuillier. [The Middle Classes.] The physician of Baron Hulot, Crevel -and Mme. Marneffe, he observed with seven of his colleagues, the -terrible malady which carried off Valerie and her second husband in -1842. In 1843 he also visited Lisbeth Fisher in her last illness -[Cousin Betty.] Finally, in 1844, Dr. Bianchon was consulted by Dr. -Roubaud regarding Mme. Graslin at Montegnac. [The Country Parson.] -Horace Bianchon was a brilliant and inspiring conversationalist. He -gave to society the adventures known by the following titles: A Study -of Woman; Another Study of Woman; La Grande Breteche. -</p> -<p> -BIBI-LUPIN, chief of secret police between 1819 and 1830; a former -convict. In 1819 he personally arrested at Mme. Vauquer's -boarding-house Jacques Collin, alias Vautrin, his old galley-mate and -personal enemy. Under the name of Gondureau, Bibi-Lupin had made -overtures to Mlle. Michonneau, one of Mme. Vauquer's guests, and -through her he had obtained the necessary proofs of the real identity -of Vautrin who was then without the pale of the law, but who later, -May, 1830, became his successor as chief of secret police. [Father -Goriot. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -BIDAULT (Monsieur and Madame), brother and sister-in-law of Bidault, -alias Gigonnet; father and mother of M. and Mme. Saillard, -furniture-dealers under the Central Market pillars during the latter -part of the eighteenth and perhaps the beginning of the nineteenth -centuries. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -BIDAULT, known as Gigonnet, born in 1755; originally an Auvergnat; -uncle of Mme. Saillard on the paternal side. A paper-merchant at one -time, retired from business since the year II of the Republic, he -opened an account with a Dutchman called Sieur Werbrust, who was a -friend of Gobseck. In business relations with the latter, he was one -of the most formidable usurers in Paris, during the Empire, the -Restoration and the first part of the July Government. He dwelt in rue -Greneta. [The Government Clerks. Gobseck.] Luigi Porta, a ranking -officer retired under Louis XVIII., sold all his back pay to Gigonnet. -[The Vendetta.] Bidault was one of the syndicate that engineered the -bankruptcy of Birotteau in 1819. At this time he persecuted Mme. -Madou, a market dealer in filberts, who was his debtor. [Cesar -Birotteau.] In 1824 he succeeded in making his grand-nephew, Isidore -Baudoyer, chief of the division under the Minister of Finance; in this -he was aided by Gobseck and Mitral, and worked on the General -Secretary, Chardin des Lupeaulx, through the medium of the latter's -debts and the fact of his being candidate for deputy. [The Government -Clerks.] Bidault was shrewd enough; he saw through—and much to his -profit—the pretended speculation involved in the third receivership -which was operated by Nucingen in 1826. [The Firm of Nucingen.] In -1833 M. du Tillet advised Nathan, then financially stranded, to apply -to Gigonnet, the object being to involve Nathan. [A Daughter of Eve.] -The nick-name of Gigonnet was applied to Bidault on account of a -feverish, involuntary contraction of a leg muscle. [The Government -Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -BIDDIN, goldsmith, rue de l'Arbe-Sec, Paris, in 1829; one of Esther -Gobseck's creditors. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -BIFFE (La), concubine of the criminal Riganson, alias Le Biffon. This -woman, who was a sort of Jacques Collin in petticoats, evaded the -police, thanks to her disguises. She could ape the marquise, the -baronne and the comtesse to perfection. She had her own carriage and -footmen. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -BIFFON (Le), an alias of Riganson. -</p> -<p> -BIGORNEAU, sentimental clerk of Fritot's, the shawl merchant in the -Bourse quarter, Paris, time of Louis Philippe. [Gaudissart II.] -</p> -<p> -BIJOU (Olympe). (See Grenouville, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -BINET, inn-keeper in the Department of l'Orne in 1809. He was -concerned in a trial which created some stir, and cast a shadow -over Mme. de la Chanterie, striking at her daughter, Mme. des -Tours-Minieres. Binet harbored some brigands known as "chauffeurs." -He was brought to trial for it and sentenced to five years' -imprisonment. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -BIROTTEAU (Jacques), a gardener hard by Chinon. He married the -chambermaid of a lady on whose estate he trimmed vines. Three boys -were born to them: Francois, Jean and Cesar. He lost his wife on the -birth of the last child (1779), and himself died shortly after. [Cesar -Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -BIROTTEAU (Abbe Francois), eldest son of Jacques Birotteau; born in -1766; vicar of the church of Saint-Gatien at Tours, and afterwards -cure of Saint-Symphorien in the same city. After the death of the Abbe -de la Berge, in 1817, he became confessor of Mme. de Mortsauf, -attending her last moments. [The Lily of the Valley.] His brother -Cesar, the perfumer, wrote him after his—Cesar's—business failure in -1819, asking aid. Abbe Birotteau, in a touching letter, responded with -the sum of one thousand francs which represented all his own little -hoard and, in addition, a loan obtained from Mme. de Listomere. [Cesar -Birotteau.] Accused of having inveigled Mme. de Listomere to leave him -the income of fifteen hundred francs, which she bequeathed him on her -death, Abbe Birotteau was placed under interdiction, in 1826, the -victim of the terrible hatred of the Abbe Troubert. [The Vicar of -Tours.] -</p> -<p> -BIROTTEAU (Jean), second son of Jacques Birotteau. A captain in the -army, killed in the historic battle of La Trebia which lasted three -days, June 17-19, 1799. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -BIROTTEAU (Cesar), third son of Jacques Birotteau, born in 1779; -dealer in perfumes in Paris at number 397 rue Saint-Honore, near the -Place Vendome, in the old shop once occupied by the grocer Descoings, -who was executed with Andre Chenier in 1794. After the eighteenth -Brumaire, Cesar Birotteau succeeded Sieur Ragon, and moved the source -of the "Queen of Roses" to the above address. Among his customers were -the Georges, the La Billardieres, the Montaurans, the Bauvans, the -Longuys, the Mandas, the Berniers, the Guenics, and the Fontaines. -These relations with the militant Royalists implicated him in the plot -of the 13th Vendemaire, 1795, against the Convention; and he was -wounded, as he told over and over, "by Bonaparte on the borders of -Saint-Roche." In May, 1800, Birotteau the perfumer married -Constance-Barbe-Josephine Pillerault. By her he had an only daughter, -Cesarine, who married Anselme Popinot in 1822. Successively captain, -then chief of battalion in the National Guard and adjunct-mayor of the -eleventh arrondissement, Birotteau was appointed Chevalier of the Legion -of Honor in 1818. To celebrate his nomination in the Order, he gave a -grand ball* which, on account of the very radical changes necessitated -in his apartments, and coupled with some bad speculations, brought -about his total ruin; he filed a petition in bankruptcy the year -following. By stubborn effort and the most rigid economy, Birotteau -was able to indemnify his creditors completely, three years later -(1822). But he died soon after the formal court reinstating. He -numbered among his patrons in 1818 the following: the Duc and Duchesse -de Lenoncourt, the Princesse de Blamont-Chauvry, the Marquise -d'Espard, the two Vandenesses, Marsay, Ronquerolles, and the Marquis -d'Aiglemont. [Cesar Birotteau. A Bachelor's Establishment.] Cesar -Birotteau was likewise on friendly terms with the Guillaumes, clothing -dealers in the rue Saint-Denis. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] -</p> -<pre> -* The 17th of December was really Thursday and not Sunday, as - erroneously given. -</pre> -<p> -BIROTTEAU (Madame), born Constance-Barbe-Josephine Pillerault in 1782. -Married Cesar Birotteau in May, 1800. Previous to her marriage she was -head "saleslady" at the "Little Sailor"* novelty shop, corner of Quai -Anjou and rue des Deux Ponts, Paris. Her surviving relative and -guardian was her uncle, Claude-Joseph Pillerault. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<pre> -* This shop still exists at the same place, No. 43 Quai d'Anjou and - 40 rue des Deux-Ponts, being run by M. L. Bellevaut. -</pre> -<p> -BIROTTEAU (Cesarine). (See Popinot, Madame Anselme.) -</p> -<p> -BIXIOU,* Parisian grocer, in rue Saint-Honore, before the Revolution -in the eighteenth century. He had a clerk called Descoings, who -married his widow. The grocer Bixiou was the grandfather of -Jean-Jacques Bixiou, the celebrated cartoonist. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<pre> -* Pronounced "Bissiou." -</pre> -<p> -BIXIOU, son of the preceding and father of Jean-Jacques Bixiou. He was -a colonel of the Twenty-first Regiment; killed at the battle of -Dresden, on the 26th or 27th of August, 1813. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -BIXIOU (Jean-Jacques), famous artist; son of Colonel Bixiou who was -killed at Dresden; grandson of Mme. Descoings, whose first husband was -the grocer Bixiou. Born in 1797, he pursued a course of study at the -Lyceum, to which he had obtained a scholarship. He had for friends -Philippe and Joseph Bridau, and Master Desroches. Later he entered the -painter Gros's studio. Then in 1819, through the influence of the Ducs -de Maufrigneuse and de Rhetore, whom he met at some dancer's, he -obtained a position with the Minister of Finance. He remained with -this administration until December, 1824, when he resigned. In this -same year he was one of the best men for Philippe Bridau, who married -Flore Brazier, known as La Rabouilleuse, the widow of J.-J. Rouget. -After this woman's death, in 1828, he was led, disguised as a priest, -to the residence of the Soulanges, where he told the comte about the -scandal connected with her death, knowingly caused by her husband; he -told, also, about the bad habits and vulgarities of Philippe Bridau, -and thus caused the breaking off of the marriage of this weather-beaten -soldier with Mlle. Amelie de Soulanges. A talented cartoonist, -distinguished practical joker, and recognized as one of the kings of -<i>bon mot</i>, he led a free and easy life. He was on speaking terms with -all the artists and all the lorettes of his day. Among others he knew -the painter, Hippolyte Schinner. He turned a pretty penny, during the -trial of De Fualdes and de Castaing, by illustrating in a fantastic -way the account of this trial. [A Bachelor's Establishment. The -Government Clerks. The Purse.] He designed some vignettes for the -writing of Canalis. [Modeste Mignon.] With Blondet, Lousteau and -Nathan he was a habitue of the house of Esther Gobseck, rue -Saint-Georges, in 1829, 1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] In a -private room of a well-known restaurant, in 1836, he wittily related -to Finot, Blondet and Couture the source of Nucingen's fortune. [The -Firm of Nucingen.] In January, 1837, his friend Lousteau had him come -especially to upbraid him, Lousteau, on account of the latter's -irregular ways with Mme. de la Baudraye, while she, concealed in an -ante-room, heard it all. This scene had been arranged beforehand; its -object was to give Lousteau a chance to declare, apparently, his -unquenchable attachment for his mistress. [The Muse of the -Department.] In 1838 he attended the house-warming of Heloise -Brisetout in rue Chauchat. In the same year he was attendant at the -marriage of Steinbock with Hortense Hulot, and of Crevel with the -widow Marneffe. [Cousin Betty.] In 1839 the sculptor -Dorlange-Sallenauve knew of Bixiou and complained of his slanders. -[The Member for Arcis.] Mme. Schontz treated him most cordially in 1838, -and he had to pass for her "special," although their relations, in fact, -did not transcend the bounds of friendship. [Beatrix.] In 1840, at the -home of Marguerite Turquet, maintained by the notary Cardot, when -Lousteau, Nathan and La Palferine were also present, he heard a story -by Desroches. [A Man of Business.] About 1844, Bixiou helped in a high -comedy relative to a Selim shawl sold by Fritot to Mistress Noswell. -Bixiou himself had purchased, in a shop with M. du Ronceret, a shawl -for Mme. Schontz. [Gaudissart II.] In 1845 Bixiou showed Paris and the -"Unconscious Humorists" to a Pyrrenean named Gazonal, in company with -Leon de Lora, a cousin of the countryman. At this time Bixiou dwelt at -number 112 rue Richelieu, sixth floor; when he had a regular position -he had lived in rue de Ponthieu. [The Unconscious Humorists.] In the -rue Richelieu period he was the lover of Heloise Brisetout. [Cousin -Pons.] -</p> -<p> -BLAMONT-CHAUVRY (Princesse de), mother of Mme. d'Espard; aunt of the -Duchesse de Langeais; great aunt of Mme. de Mortsauf; a veritable -d'Hozier in petticoats. Her drawing-room set the fashion in Faubourg -Saint-Germain, and the sayings of this feminine Talleyrand were -listened to as oracles. Very aged at the beginning of the reign of -Louis XVIII., she was one of the most poetic relics of the reign of -Louis XV., the "Well-Beloved;" and to this nick-name—as the records -had it—she had contributed her full share. [The Thirteen.] Mme. -Firmiani was received by the princess on account of the Cadignans, to -whom she was related on her mother's side. [Madame Firmiani.] Felix de -Vandenesse was admitted to her "At Homes," on the recommendation of -Mme. de Mortsauf; nevertheless he found in this old lady a friend -whose affection had a quality almost maternal. The princess was in the -family conclave which met to consider an amorous escapade of the -Duchesse Antoinette de Langeais. [The Lily of the Valley. The -Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -BLANDUREAUS (The), wealthy linen merchants at Alencon, time of the -Restoration. They had an only daughter, to whom the President du -Ronceret wished to marry his son. She, however, married Joseph -Blondet, the oldest son of Judge Blondet. This marriage caused secret -hostility between the two fathers, one being the other's superior in -office. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -BLONDET, judge at Alencon in 1824; born in 1758; father of Joseph and -Emile Blondet. At the time of the Revolution he was a public -prosecutor. A botanist of note, he had a remarkable conservatory where -he cultivated geraniums only. This conservatory was visited by the -Empress Marie-Louise, who spoke of it to the Emperor and obtained for -the judge the decoration of the Legion of Honor. Following the -Victurien d'Esgrignon episode, about 1825, Judge Blondet was made an -officer in the Order and chosen councillor at the Royal Court. Here he -remained in office no longer than absolutely necessary, retreating to -his dear Alencon home. He married in 1798, at the age of forty, a -young girl of eighteen, who in consequence of this disparity was -unfaithful to him. He knew that his second son, Emile, was not his -own; he therefore cared only for the elder and sent the younger -elsewhere as soon as possible. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] About -1838 Fabien du Ronceret obtained credit in an agricultural convention -for a flower which old Blondet had given him, but which he exhibited -as a product of his own green-house. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -BLONDET (Madame), wife of the preceding; born in 1780; married in -1798. She was intimate with a prefect of Orne, who was the natural -father of Emile Blondet. Distant ties bound her to the Troisville -family, and it was to them that she sent Emile, her favored son. -Before her death, in 1818, she commended him to her old-time lover and -also to the future Madame de Montcornet, with whom he had been reared. -[Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -BLONDET (Joseph), elder son of Judge Blondet of Alencon; born in that -city about 1799. In 1824 he practiced law and aspired to become a -substitute judge. Meanwhile he succeeded his father, whose post he -filled till his death. He was one of the numerous men of ordinary -talent. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -BLONDET (Madame Joseph), nee Claire Blandureau, wife of Joseph -Blondet, whom she married when he was appointed judge at Alencon. She -was the daughter of wealthy linen dealers in the city. [Jealousies of -a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -BLONDET (Emile), born at Alencon about 1800; legally the younger son -of Judge Blondet, but really the son of a prefect of Orne. Tenderly -loved by his mother, but hated by Judge Blondet, who sent him, in -1818, to study law in Paris. Emile Blondet knew the noble family of -d'Esgrignon in Alencon, and for the youngest daughter of this -illustrious house he felt an esteem that was really admiration. -[Jealousies of a Country Town.] In 1821 Emile Blondet was a remarkably -handsome young fellow. He made his first appearance in the "Debats" by -a series of masterly articles which called forth from Lousteau the -remark that he was "one of the princes of criticism." [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] In 1824 he contributed to a review edited by -Finot, where he collaborated with Lucien de Rubempre and where he was -allowed full swing by his chief. Emile Blondet had the most desultory -of habits; one day he would be a boon companion, without compunction, -with those destined for slaughter on the day following. He was always -"broke" financially. In 1829, 1830, Bixiou, Lousteau, Nathan and he -were frequenters of Esther's house, rue Saint-Georges. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] A cynic was Blondet, with little regard for glory -undefiled. He won a wager that he could upset the poet Canalis, though -the latter was full of assurance. He did this by staring fixedly at -the poet's curls, his boots, or his coat-tails, while he recited -poetry or gesticulated with proper emphasis, fixed in a studied pose. -[Modeste Mignon.] He was acquainted with Mlle. des Touches, being -present at her home on one occasion, about 1830, when Henri de Marsay -told the story of his first love affair. He took part in the -conversation and depicted the "typical woman" to Comte Adam Laginski. -[Another Study of Woman.] In 1832 he was a guest at Mme. d'Espard's, -where he met his childish flame, Mme. de Montcornet, also the -Princesse de Cadignan, Lady Dudley, d'Arthez, Nathan, Rastignac, the -Marquis d'Ajuda-Pinto, Maxime de Trailles, the Marquis d'Esgrignon, -the two Vandenesses, du Tillet, the Baron Nucingen and the Chevalier -d'Espard, brother-in-law of the marquise. [The Secrets of a Princess.] -About 1833 Blondet presented Nathan to Mme. de Montcornet, at whose -home the young Countess Felix de Vandenesse made the acquaintance of -the poet and was much smitten with him for some time. [A Daughter of -Eve.] In 1836 he and Finot and Couture chimed in on the narrative of -the rise of Nucingen, told with much zest by Bixiou in a private room -of a famous restaurant. [The Firm of Nucingen.] Eight or ten years -prior to February, 1848, Emile Blondet, on the brink of suicide, -witnessed an entire transition in his affairs. He was chosen a -prefect, and he married the wealthy widow of Comte de Montcornet, who -offered him her hand when she became free. They had known and loved -each other since childhood. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -BLONDET (Virginie), wife by second marriage of Emile Blondet; born in -1797; daughter of the Vicomte de Troisville; granddaughter of the -Russian Princesse Scherbelloff. She was brought up at Alencon, with -her future husband. In 1819 she married the General de Montcornet. -Twenty years later, a widow, she married the friend of her youth, who -this long time had been her lover. [Jealousies of a Country Town. The -Secrets of a Princess. The Peasantry.] She and Mme. d'Espard tried to -convert Lucien de Rubempre to the monarchical side in 1821. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] She was present at Mlle. des -Touches', about 1830, when Marsay told about his first love, and she -joined in the conversation. [Another Study of Woman.] She received a -rather mixed set, from an aristocratic standpoint, but here might be -found the stars of finance, art and literature. [The Member for -Arcis.] Mme. Felix de Vandenesse saw Nathan the poet for the first -time and noticed him particularly at Mme. de Montcornet's, in 1834, -1835. [A Daughter of Eve.] Mme. Emile Blondet, then Madame la Generale -de Montcornet, passed the summer and autumn of 1823 in Burgundy, at -her beautiful estate of Aigues, where she lived a burdened and -troubled life among the many and varied types of peasantry. Remarried, -and now the wife of a prefect, eight years or so before February, -1848, time of Louis Philippe, she visited her former properties. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -BLUTEAU (Pierre), assumed name of Genestas. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -BOCQUILLON, an acquaintance of Mme. Etienne Gruget. In 1820, rue des -Enfants-Rouges, Paris, she mistook for him the stock-broker, Jules -Desmarets, who was entering her door. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -BOGSECK (Madame van), name bestowed by Jacques Collin on Esther van -Gobseck when, in 1825, he gave her, transformed morally and -intellectually, to Lucien de Rubempre, in an elegant flat on rue -Taitbout. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -BOIROUGE, president of the Sancerre Court at the time when the Baronne -de la Baudraye held social sway over that city. Through his wife, he -was related to the Popinot-Chandiers, to Judge Popinot of Paris, and -to Anselme Popinot. He was hereditary owner of a house which he did -not need, and which he very gladly leased to the baronne for the -purpose of starting a literary society that, however, degenerated very -soon into an ordinary clique. Actuated by jealousy, President Boirouge -was one of the principals in the defeat of Procureur Clagny for -deputy. He was reputed to be unchaste at repartee. [The Muse of the -Department.] -</p> -<p> -BOIROUGE (Madame), nee Popinot-Chandier, wife of President Boirouge; -stood well among the middle-class of Sancerre. After having been -leader in the opposition to Mme. de la Baudraye for nine years, she -induced her son Gatien to attend the Baudraye receptions, persuading -herself that he would soon make his way. Profiting by the visit of -Bianchon to Sancerre, Mme. Boirouge obtained of the famous physician, -her relative, a gratuitous consultation by giving him full particulars -regarding some pretended nervous trouble of the stomach, in which -complaint he recognized a periodic dyspepsia. [The Muse of the -Department.] -</p> -<p> -BOIROUGE (Gatien), son of President Boirouge; born in 1814; the junior -"patito" of Mme. de la Baudraye, who employed him in all sorts of -small ways. Gatien Boirouge was made game of by Lousteau, to whom he -had confessed his love for that masterful woman. [The Muse of the -Department.] -</p> -<p> -BOISFRANC (De), procureur-general, then first president of a royal -court under the Restoration. (See Dubut.) -</p> -<p> -BOISFRANC (Dubut de), president of the Aides court under the old -regime; brother of Dubut de Boisfrelon and of Dubut de Boislaurier. -[The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -BOISFRELON (Dubut de), brother of Dubut de Boisfranc and of Dubut de -Boislaurier; at one time councillor in Parliament; born in 1736; died -in 1832 in the home of his niece, the Baronne de la Chanterie. -Godefroid succeeded him. M. de Boisfrelon had been one of the -"Brotherhood of Consolation." He was married, but his wife probably -died before him. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -BOISLAURIER (Dubut de), junior brother of Dubut de Boisfranc and of -Dubut de Boisfrelon. Commander-in-chief of the Western Rebellion in -1808-1809, and designated then by the surname of Augustus. With -Rifoel, Chevalier du Vissard, he plotted the organization of the -"Chauffeurs" of Mortagne. Then, in the trial of the "brigands," he was -condemned to death by default. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -BOIS-LEVANT, chief of division under the Minister of Finance in 1824, -at the time when Xavier Rabourdin and Isidore Baudoyer contested the -succession of office in another division, that of F. de la -Billardiere. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -BOLESLAS, Polish servant of the Comte and Comtesse Laginski, in rue de -la Pepiniere, Paris, between 1835 and 1842. [The Imaginary Mistress.] -</p> -<p> -BONAMY (Ida), aunt of Mlle. Antonia Chocardelle. At the time of Louis -Philippe, she conducted, on rue Coquenard (since 1848 rue Lamartine), -"just a step or two from rue Pigalle," a reading-room given to her -niece by Maxime de Trailles. [A Man of Business.] -</p> -<p> -BONAPARTE (Napoleon), Emperor of the French; born at Ajaccio, August -15, 1768, or 1769, according to varying accounts; died at St. Helena -May 5, 1821. As First Consul in 1800 he received at the Tuileries the -Corsican, Bartholomeo di Piombo, and disentangled his countryman from -the latter's implication in a vendetta. [The Vendetta.] On the evening -of the battle of Jena, October 13, 1806, he was met on that ground by -Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, who had come post haste from France, and to -whom he accorded pardon for the Simeuses and the Hauteserres, -compromised in the abduction of Senator Malin de Gondreville. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] Napoleon Bonaparte was strongly concerned in the -welfare of his lieutenant, Hyacinthe Chabert, during the battle of -Eylau. [Colonel Chabert.] In November, 1809, he was to have attended a -grand ball given by Senator Malin de Gondreville; but he was detained -at the Tuileries by a scene—noised abroad that same evening—between -Josephine and himself, a scene which disclosed their impending -divorce. [Peace in the House.] He condoned the infamous conduct of the -police officer Contenson. [The Seamy Side of History.] In April, 1813, -during a dress-parade on the Place du Carrousel, Paris, Napoleon -noticed Mlle. de Chatillonest, who had come with her father to see the -handsome Colonel d'Aiglemont, and leaning towards Duroc he made a -brief remark which made the Grand Marshal smile. [A Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -BONAPARTE (Lucien), brother of Napoleon Bonaparte; born in 1775; died -in 1840. In June, 1800, he went to the house of Talleyrand, the -Foreign Minister, and there announced to him and also to Fouche, -Sieyes and Carnot, the victory of his brother at Montebello. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] In the month of October of the same year he was -encountered by his countryman, Bartholomeo di Piombo, whom he -introduced to the First Consul; he also gave his purse to the Corsican -and afterwards contributed towards relieving his difficulties. [The -Vendetta.] -</p> -<p> -BONFALOT, or BONVALOT (Madame), an aged relative of F. du Bruel at -Paris. La Palferine first met Mme. du Bruel in 1834 on the boulevard, -and boldly followed her all the way to Mme. de Bonfalot's, where she -was calling. [A Prince of Bohemia.] -</p> -<p> -BONFONS (Cruchot de), nephew of Cruchot the notary and Abbe Cruchot; -born in 1786; president of the Court of First Instance of Saumur in -1819. The Cruchot trio backed by a goodly number of cousins and allied -to twenty families in the city, formed a party similar to that of the -olden-time Medicis at Florence; and also, like the Medicis, the -Cruchots had their Pazzis in the persons of the Grassins. The prize -contested for between the Cruchots and the Grassins was the hand of -the rich heiress, Eugenie Grandet. In 1827, after nine years of suing, -the President Cruchot de Bonfons married the young woman, now left an -orphan. Previous to this he had been commissioned by her to settle in -full, both principal and interest, with the creditors of Charles -Grandet's father. Six months after his marriage, Bonfons was elected -councillor to the Royal Court of Angers. Then after some years -signalized by devoted service he became first president. Finally -chosen deputy for Saumur in 1832, he died within a week, leaving his -widow in possession of an immense fortune, still further augmented by -the bequests of the Abbe and the notary Cruchot. Bonfons was the name -of an estate of the magistrate. He married Eugenie only through -cupidity. He looked like "a big, rusty nail." [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -BONFONS (Eugenie Cruchot de), only daughter of M. and Mme. Felix -Grandet; born at Saumur in 1796. Strictly reared by a mother gentle -and devout, and by a father hard and avaricious. The single bright ray -across her life was an absolutely platonic love for her cousin Charles -Grandet. But, once away from her, this young man was forgetful of her; -and, on his return from the Indies in 1827, a rich man, he married the -young daughter of a nobleman. Upon this occurrence, Eugenie Grandet, -now an orphan, settled in full with the creditors of Charles' father, -and then bestowed her hand upon the President Cruchot de Bonfons, who -had paid her court for nine years. At the age of thirty-six she was -left a widow without having ceased to be a virgin, following her -expressed wish. Sadly she secluded herself in the gloomy home of her -childhood at Saumur, where she devoted the rest of her life to works -of benevolence and charity. After her father's death, Eugenie was -often alluded to, by the Cruchot faction, as Mlle. de Froidfond, from -the name of one of her holdings. In 1832 an effort was made to induce -Mme. de Bonfons to wed with Marquis de Froidfond, a bankrupt widower -of fifty odd years and possessed of numerous progeny. [Eugenie -Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -BONGRAND, born in 1769; first an advocate at Melun, then justice of -the peace at Nemours from 1814 to 1837. He was a friend of Doctor -Mirouet's and helped educate Ursule Mirouet, protecting her to the -best of his ability after the death of the old physician, and aiding -in the restitution of her fortune which Minoret-Levrault had impaired -by the theft of the doctor's will. M. Bongrand had wanted to make a -match between Ursule Mirouet and his son, but she loved Savinien de -Portenduere. The justice of the peace became president of the court at -Melun, after the marriage of the young lady with Savinien. [Ursule -Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -BONGRAND (Eugene), son of Bongrand the justice of the peace. He -studied law at Paris under Derville the attorney, this constituting -all his course. He became public prosecutor at Melun after the -Revolution of 1830, and general prosecutor in 1837. Failing in his -love suit with Ursule Mirouet, he probably married the daughter of M. -Levrault, former mayor of Nemours. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -BONNAC, a rather handsome young fellow, who was head clerk for the -notary Lupin at Soulanges in 1823. His accomplishments were his only -dowry. He was loved in platonic fashion by his employer's wife, Mme. -Lupin, otherwise known as Bebelle, a fat ridiculous female without -education. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -BONNEBAULT, retired cavalry soldier, the Lovelace of the village of -Blangy, Burgundy, and its suburbs in 1823. Bonnebault was the lover of -Marie Tonsard who was perfectly foolish about him. He had still other -"good friends" and lived at their expense. Their generosity did not -suffice for his dissipations, his cafe bills and his unbridled taste -for billiards. He dreamed of marrying Aglae Socquard, only daughter of -Pere Socquard, proprietor of the "Cafe de la Paix" at Soulanges. -Bonnebault obtained three thousand francs from General de Montcornet -by coming to him to confess voluntarily that he had been commissioned -to kill him for this price. The revelation, with other things, lead -the general to weary of his fierce struggle with the peasantry, and to -put up for sale his property at Aigues, which became the prey of -Gaubertin, Rigou and Soudry. Bonnebault was squint-eyed and his -physical appearance did not belie his depravity. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -BONNEBAULT (Mere), grandmother of Bonnebault the veteran. In 1823, at -Conches, Burgandy, where she lived, she owned a cow which she did not -hesitate to pasture in the fields belonging to General de Montcornet. -The numerous depredations of the old woman, added to convictions for -many similar offences, caused the general to decide to confiscate the -cow. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -BONNET (Abbe), Cure of Montegnac near Limoges from 1814 on. In this -capacity, he assisted at the public confession of his penitent, Mme. -Graslin, in the summer of 1844. Upon leaving the seminary of -Saint-Sulpice, Paris, he was sent to this village of Montegnac, which -he never after wished to leave. Here, sometimes unaided, sometimes -with the help of Mme. Graslin, he toiled for a material and moral -betterment, bringing about an entire regeneration of a wretched -country. It was he who brought the outlawed Tascheron back into the -Church, and who accompanied him to the very foot of the scaffold, with -a devotion which caused his own very sensitive nature much cringing. -Born in 1788, he had embraced the ecclesiastical calling through -choice, and all his studies had been to that end. He belonged to a -family of more than easy circumstancaes. His father was a self-made -man, stern and unyielding. Abbe Bonnet had an older brother, and a -sister whom he counseled with his mother to marry as soon as possible, -in order to release the young woman from the terrible paternal yoke. -[The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -BONNET, older brother of Abbe Bonnet, who enlisted as a private about -the beginning of the Empire. He became a general in 1813; fell at -Leipsic. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -BONNET (Germain), <i>valet de chambre</i> of Canalis in 1829, at the time -when the poet went to Havre to contest the hand of Modeste Mignon. A -servant full of <i>finesse</i> and irreproachable in appearance, he was of -the greatest service to his master. He courted Philoxene Jacmin, -chambermaid of Mme. de Chaulieu. Here the pantry imitated the parlor, -for the academician's mistress was the great lady herself. [Modest -Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -BONTEMS, a country landowner in the neighborhood of Bayeux, who -feathered his nest well during the Revolution, by purchasing -government confiscations at his own terms. He was pronounced "red -cap," and became president of his district. His daughter, Angelique -Bontems, married Granville during the Empire; but at this time Bontems -was dead. [A Second Home.] -</p> -<p> -BONTEMS (Madame), wife of the preceding; outwardly pious, inwardly -vain; mother of Angelique Bontems, whom she had reared in much the -same attitude, and whose marriage with a Granville was, in -consequence, so unhappy. [A Second Home.] -</p> -<p> -BONTEMS (Angelique). (See Granville, Madame de.) -</p> -<p> -BORAIN (Mademoiselle), the most stylish costumer in Provins, at the -time of Charles X. She was commissioned by the Rogrons to make a -complete wardrobe for Pierrette Lorrain, when that young girl was sent -them from Brittany. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -BORDEVIN (Madame), Parisian butcher in rue Charlot, at the time when -Sylvain Pons dwelt hard by in rue de Normandie. Mme. Bordevin was -related to Mme. Sabatier. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -BORDIN, procureur at the Chatelet before the Revolution; then advocate -of the Court of First Instance of the Seine, under the Empire. In 1798 -he instructed and advised with M. Alain, a creditor of Monegod's. Both -had been clerks at the procureur's. In 1806, the Marquis de -Chargeboeuf went to Paris to hunt for Master Bordin, who defended the -Simeuses before the Criminal Court of Troyes in the trial regarding -the abduction and sequestration of Senator Malin. In 1809 he also -defended Henriette Bryond des Tours-Minieres, nee La Chanterie, in the -trial docketed as the "Chauffeurs of Mortagne." [The Gondreville -Mystery. The Seamy Side of History.] In 1816 Bordin was consulted by -Mme. d'Espard regarding her husband. [The Commission in Lunacy.] -During the Restoration a banker at Alencon made quarterly payments of -one hundred and fifty livres to the Chevalier de Valois through the -Parisian medium of Bordin. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] For ten -years Bordin represented the nobility. Derville succeeded him. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -BORDIN (Jerome-Sebastien), was also procureur at the Chatelet, and, in -1806, advocate of the Seine Court. He succeeded Master Guerbet, and -sold his practice to Sauvagnest, who disposed of it to Desroches. [A -Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -BORN (Comte de), brother of the Vicomtesse de Grandlieu. In the winter -of 1829-1830, he is discovered at the home of his sister, taking part -in a conversation in which the advocate Derville related the marital -infelicities of M. de Restaud, and the story of his will and his -death. The Comte de Born seized the chance to exploit the character of -Maxime de Trailles, the lover of Mme. de Restaud. [Gobseck.] -</p> -<p> -BORNICHE, son-in-law of M. Hochon, the old miser of Issoudun. He died -of chagrin at business failures, and at not having received any -assistance from his father or mother. His wife preceded him but a -short time to the tomb. They left a son and a daughter, Baruch and -Adolphine, who were brought up by their maternal grandfather, with -Francois Hochon, another grandchild of the goodman's. Borniche was -probably a Calvinist. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -BORNICHE (Monsieur and Madame), father and mother of the preceding. -They were still living in 1823, when their son and their -daughter-in-law had been deceased some time. In April of this year, -old Mme. Borniche and her friend Mme. Hochon, who ruled socially in -Issoudun, assisted at the wedding of La Rabouilleuse with -Jean-Jacques Rouget. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -BORNICHE (Baruch), grandson of the preceding, and of M. and Mme. -Hochon. Born in 1800. Early left an orphan, he and his sister were -reared by his grandfather on the maternal side. He had been one of the -accomplices of Maxence Gilet, and took part in the nocturnal raids of -the "Knights of Idlesse." When his conduct became known to his -grandfather, in 1822, the latter lost no time in removing him from -Issoudun, sending him to Monegod's office, Paris, to study law. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -BORNICHE (Adolphine), sister of Baruch Borniche; born in 1804. Brought -up almost a recluse in the frigid, dreary house of her grandfather, -Hochon, she spent most of her time peering through the windows, in the -hope of discovering some of the terrible things which—as Dame Rumor -had it—occurred in the home of Jean-Jacques Rouget, next door. She -likewise awaited with some impatience the arrival of Joseph Bridau in -Issoudun, wishing to inspire some sentiment in him, and taking the -liveliest interest in the painter, on account of the monstrosities -which were attributed to him because of his being an artist. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -BOUCARD, head-clerk of the attorney Derville in 1818, at the time when -Colonel Chabert sought to recover his rights with his wife who had -been remarried to Comte Ferraud. [Colonel Chabert.] -</p> -<p> -BOUCHER, Besancon merchant in 1834, who was the first client of Albert -Savarus in that city. He assumed financial control of the "Revue de -l'Est," founded by the lawyer. M. Boucher was related by marriage to -one of the ablest editors of great theological works. [Albert -Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -BOUCHER (Alfred), eldest son of the preceding. Born in 1812. A youth, -eager for literary fame, whom Albert Savarus put on the staff of his -"Revue de l'Est," giving him his themes and subjects. Alfred Boucher -conceived a strong admiration for the managing editor, who treated him -as a friend. The first number of the "Revue" contained a "Meditation" -by Alfred. This Alfred Boucher believed he was exploiting Savarus, -whereas the contrary was the case. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -BOUFFE (Marie), alias Vignol, actor born in Paris, September 4, 1800. -He appeared about 1822 at the Panorama-Dramatique theatre, on the -Boulevard du Temple, Paris, playing the part of the Alcade in a -three-act imbroglio by Raoul Nathan and Du Bruel entitled "L'Alcade -dans l'embarras." At the first night performance he announced that the -authors were Raoul and Cursy. Although very young at the time, this -artist made his first great success in this role, and revealed his -talent for depicting an old man. The critique of Lucien de Rubempre -established his position. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -BOUGIVAL (La). (See Cabirolle, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -BOUGNIOL (Mesdemoiselles), proprietors of an inn at Guerande -(Loire-Inferieure), at the time of Louis Philippe. They had as guests -some artist friends of Felicite des Touches—Camille Maupin—who had -come from Paris to see her. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -BOURBONNE (De), wealthy resident of Tours, time of Louis XVIII. and -Charles X. An uncle of Octave de Camps. In 1824 he visited Paris to -ascertain the cause of the ruin of his nephew and sole heir, which -ruin was generally credited to dissipations with Mme. Firmiani. M. de -Bourbonne, a retired musketeer in easy circumstances, was well -connected. He had entry into the Faubourg Saint-Germain through the -Listomeres, the Lenoncourts and the Vandenesses. He caused himself to -be presented at Mme. Firmiani's as M. de Rouxellay, the name of his -estate. The advice of Bourbonne, which was marked by much -perspicacity, if followed, would have extricated Francois Birotteau -from Troubert's clutches; for the uncle of M. de Camps fathomed the -plottings of the future Bishop of Troyes. Bourbonne saw a great deal -more than did the Listomeres of Tours. [Madame Firmiani. The Vicar of -Tours.] -</p> -<p> -BOURDET (Benjamin), old soldier of the Empire, formerly serving under -Philippe Bridau's command. He lived quietly in the suburbs of Vatan, -in touch with Fario. In 1822 he placed himself at the entire disposal -of the Spaniard, and also of the officer who previously had put him -under obligations. Secretly he served them in their hatred of and -plots against Maxence Gilet. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -BOURGEAT, foundling of Saint-Flour. Parisian water-carrier about the -end of the eighteenth century. The friend and protector of the young -Desplein, the future famous surgeon. He lived in rue Quatre-Vents in -an humble house rendered doubly famous by the sojourn of Desplein and -by that of Daniel d'Arthez. A fervent Churchman of unswerving faith. -The future famous savant (Desplein) watched by his bedside at the last -and closed his eyes. [The Atheist's Mass.] -</p> -<p> -BOURGET, uncle of the Chaussard brothers. An old man who became -implicated in the trial of the Chauffeurs of Mortagne in 1809. He died -during the taking of the testimony, while making some confessions. His -wife, also apprehended, appeared before the court and was sentenced to -twenty-two years' imprisonment. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -BOURGNEUFS (The), a family ruined by the De Camps and living in -poverty and seclusion at Saint-Germain en Laye, during the early part -of the nineteenth centruy. This family consisted of: the aged father, -who ran a lottery-office; the mother, almost always sick; and two -delightful daughters, who took care of the home and attended to the -correspondence. The Bourgneufs were rescued from their troubles by -Octave de Camps who, prompted by Mme. Firmiani, and at the cost of his -entire property, restored to them the fortune made away with by his -father. [Madame Firmiani.] -</p> -<p> -BOURGNIER (Du). (See Bousquier, Du.) -</p> -<p> -BOURIGNARD (Gratien-Henri-Victor-Jean-Joseph), father of Mme. Jules -Desmarets. One of the "Thirteen" and the former chief of the Order of -the Devorants under the title of Ferragus XXIII. He had been a -laborer, but afterwards was a contractor of buildings. His daughter -was born to an abandoned woman. About 1807 he was sentenced to twenty -years of hard labor, but he managed to escape during a journey of the -chain-gang from Paris to Toulon, and he returned to Paris. In 1820 he -lived there under diverse names and disguises, lodging successively on -rue des Vieux Augustins (now rue d'Argout), corner of rue Soly (an -insignificant street which disappeared when the Hotel des Postes was -rebuilt); then at number seven rue Joquelet; finally at Mme. E. -Gruget's, number twelve rue des Enfants-Rouges (now part of the rue -des Archives running from rue Pastourelle to rue Portefoin), changing -lodgings at this time to evade the investigations of Auguste de -Maulincour. Stunned by the death of his daughter, whom he adored and -with whom he held secret interviews to prevent her becoming amenable -to the law, he passed his last days in an indifferent, almost idiotic -way, idly watching match games at bowling on the Place de -l'Observatoire; the ground between the Luxembourg and the Boulevard de -Montparnasse was the scene of these games. One of the assumed names of -Bourignard was the Comte de Funcal. In 1815, Bourignard, alias -Ferragus, assisted Henri de Marsay, another member of the "Thirteen," -in his raid on Hotel San-Real, where dwelt Paquita Valdes. [The -Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -BOURLAC (Bernard-Jean-Baptiste-Macloud, Baron de), former -procureur-general of the Royal Court of Rouen, grand officer of the -Legion of Honor. Born in 1771. He fell in love with and married the -daughter of the Pole, Tarlowski, a colonel in the French Imperial Guard. -By her he had a daughter, Vanda, who became the Baronne de Mergi. A -widower and reserved by nature, he came to Paris in 1829 to take care -of Vanda, who was seized by a strange and very dangerous malady. After -having lived in the Quartier du Roule in 1838, with his daughter and -grandson, he dwelt for several years, in very straitened circumstances, -in a tumble-down house on the Boulevard du Montparnasse, where -Godefroid, a recent initiate into the "Brotherhood of the Consolation" -and under the direction of Mme. de la Chanterie and her associates, -came to his relief. Afterwards it was discovered that the Baron de -Bourlac was none other than the terrible magistrate who had pronounced -judgment on this noble woman and her daughter during the trial of the -Chauffeurs of Mortagne in 1809. Nevertheless, the aiding of the family -was not abated in the least. Vanda was cured, thanks to a foreign -physician, Halpersohn, procured by Godefroid. M. de Bourlac was -enabled to publish his great work on the "Spirit of Modern Law." At -Sorbonne a chair of comparative legislation was created for him. At -last he obtained forgiveness from Mme. de la Chanterie, at whose feet -he flung himself. [The Seamy Side of History.] In 1817 the Baron de -Bourlac, then procureur-general, and superior of Soudry the younger, -royal procureur, helped, with the assistance also of the latter, to -secure for Sibilet the position of estate-keeper to the General de -Montcornet at Aigues. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -BOURNIER, natural son of Gaubertin and of Mme. Socquard, the wife of -the cafe manager of Soulanges. His existence was unknown to Mme. -Gaubertin. He was sent to Paris where, under Leclercq, he learned the -printer's trade and finally became a foreman. Gaubertin then brought -him to Ville-aux-Fayes where he established a printing office and a -paper known as "Le Courrier de l'Avonne", entirely devoted to the -interests of the triumvirate, Rigou, Gaubertin and Soudry. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -BOSQUIER (Du), or Croisier (Du), or Bourguier (Du), a descendant of an -old Alencon family. Born about 1760. He had been commissary agent in -the army from 1793 to 1799; had done business with Ouvrard, and kept a -running account with Barras, Bernadotte and Fouche. He was at that -time one of the great folk of finance. Discharged by Bonaparte in -1800, he withdrew to his natal town. After selling the Beauseant -house, which he owned, for the benefit of his creditors, he had -remaining an income of not more than twelve hundred francs. About 1816 -he married Mlle. Cormon, a spinster who had been courted also by the -Chevalier de Valois and Athanase Granson. This marriage set him on his -feet again financially. He took the lead in the party of the -opposition, established a Liberal paper called "Le Courrier de -l'Orne," and was elected Receiver-General of the Exchequer, after the -Revolution of 1830. He waged bitter war on the white flag Royalists, -his hatred of them causing him secretly to condone the excesses of -Victurnien d'Esgrignon, until the latter involved him in an affair, -when Bousquier had him arrested, thinking thus to dispose of him -summarily. The affair was smoothed over only by tremendous pressure. -But the young nobleman provoked Du Bousquier into a duel where the -latter dangerously wounded him. Afterwards Bousquier gave him in -marriage the hand of his niece, Mlle. Duval, dowered with three -millions. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] Probably he was the father -of Flavie Minoret, the daughter of a celebrated Opera danseuse. But he -never acknowledged this child, and she was dowered by Princesse -Galathionne and married Colleville. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -BOSQUIER (Madame du), born Cormon (Rose-Marie-Victoire) in 1773. She -was a very wealthy heiress, living with her maternal uncle, the Abbe -de Sponde, in an old house of Alencon (rue du Val-Noble), and -receiving, in 1816, the aristocracy of the town, with which she was -related through marriage. Courted simultaneously by Athanase Granson, -the Chevalier de Valois and Du Bousquier, she gave her hand to the old -commissariat, whose athletic figure and <i>passe</i> libertinism had -impressed her vaguely. But her secret desires were utterly dashed by -him; she confessed later that she couldn't endure the idea of dying a -maid. Mme. du Bousquier was very devout. She was descended from the -stewards of the ancient Ducs d'Alencon. In this same year of 1816, she -hoped in vain to wed a Troisville, but he was already married. She -found it difficult to brook the state of hostility declared between M. -du Bousquier and the Esgrignons. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -BOUTIN, at one time sergeant in the cavalry regiment of which Chabert -was colonel. He lived at Stuttgart in 1814, exhibiting white bears -very well trained by him. In this city he encountered his former -ranking officer, shorn of all his possessions, and just emerging from -an insane asylum. Boutin aided him as best he could and took it upon -himself to go to Paris and inform Mme. Chabert of her husband's -whereabouts. But Boutin fell on the field of Waterloo, and could -hardly have accomplished his mission. [Colonel Chabert.] -</p> -<p> -BOUVARD (Doctor), physician of Paris, born about 1758. A friend of Dr. -Minoret, with whom he had some lively tilts about Mesmer. He had -adopted that system, while Minoret gainsaid the truth thereof. These -discussions ended in an estrangement, for some time, between the two -cronies. Finally, in 1829, Bouvard wrote Minoret asking him to come to -Paris to assist in some conclusive tests of magnetism. As a result of -these tests, Dr. Minoret, materialist and atheist that he was, became -a devout Spiritualist and Catholic. In 1829 Dr. Bouvard lived on rue -Ferou. [Ursule Mirouet.] He had been as a father to Dr. Lebrun, -physician of the Conciergerie in 1830, who, according to his own -avowal, owed to him his position, since he often drew from his master -his own ideas regarding nervous energy. [Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] -</p> -<p> -BOUYONNET, a lawyer at Mantes, under Louis Philippe, who, urged by his -confreres and stimulated by the public prosecutor, "showed up" -Fraisier, another lawyer in the town, who had been retained in a suit -for both parties at once. The result of this denunciation was to make -Fraisier sell his office and leave Mantes. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -BRAMBOURG (Comte de), title of Philippe Bridau to which his brother -Joseph succeeded. [A Bachelor's Establishment. The Unconscious -Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -BRANDON (Lady Marie-Augusta), mother of Louis and Marie Gaston, -children born out of wedlock. Together with the Vicomtesse de -Beauseant she assisted, in company with Colonel Franchessini, probably -her lover, at the famous ball on the morning following which the duped -mistress of D'Ajuda-Pinto secretly left Paris. [The Member for Arcis.] -In 1820, while living with her two children in seclusion at La -Grenadiere, in the neighborhood of Tours, she saw Felix de Vandenesse, -at the time when Mme. de Mortsauf died, and charged him with a -pressing message to Lady Arabelle Dudley. [The Lily of the Valley.] -She died, aged thirty-six, during the Restoration, in the house at La -Grenadiere, and was buried in the Saint-Cyr Cemetery. Her husband, -Lord Brandon, who had abandoned her, lived in London, Brandon Square, -Hyde Park, at this time. In Touraine Lady Brandon was known only by -the assumed name of Mme. Willemsens. [La Grenadiere.] -</p> -<p> -BRASCHON, upholsterer and cabinet-maker in the Faubourg Saint-Antoine, -famous under the Restoration. He did a considerable amount of work for -Cesar Birotteau and figured among the creditors in his bankruptcy. -[Cesar Birotteau. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -BRAULARD, born in 1782. The head <i>claquer</i> at the theatre of the -Panorama-Dramatique, and then at the Gymnase, about 1822. The lover of -Mlle. Millot. At this time he lived in rue Faubourg du Temple, in a -rather comfortable flat where he gave fine dinners to actresses, -managing editors and authors—among others, Adele Dupuis, Finot, -Ducange and Frederic du Petit-Mere. He was credited with having gained -an income of twenty thousand francs by discounting authors' and other -complimentary tickets. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] When -chief <i>claquer</i>, about 1843, he had in his following Chardin, alias -Idamore [Cousin Betty], and commanded his "Romans" at the Boulevard -theatre, which presented operas, spectaculars and ballets at popular -prices, and was run by Felix Gaudissart. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -BRAZIER, this family included the following: A peasant of Vatan -(Indre), the paternal uncle and guardian of Mlle. Flore Brazier, known -as "La Rabouilleuse." In 1799 he placed her in the house of Dr. Rouget -on very satisfactory conditions for himself, Brazier. Rendered -comparatively rich by the doctor, he died two years before the latter, -in 1805, from a fall received on leaving an inn where he spent his -time after becoming well-to-do. His wife, who was a very harsh aunt of -Flore's. Lastly the brother and brother-in-law of this girl's -guardians, the real father of "La Rabouilleuse," who died in 1799, a -demented widower, in the hospital of Bourges. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -BRAZIER (Flore). (See Bridau, Madame Philippe.) -</p> -<p> -BREAUTEY (Comtesse de), a venerable woman of Provins, who maintained -the only aristocratic salon in that city, in 1827-1828. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -BREBIAN (Alexandre de), member of the Angouleme aristocracy in 1821. -He frequented the Bargeton receptions. An artist like his friend -Bartas, he also was daft over drawing and would ruin every album in -the department with his grotesque productions. He posed as Mme. de -Bartas' lover, since Bartas paid court to Mme. de Brebian. [Lost -Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -BREBIAN (Charlotte de), wife of the preceding. Currently called -"Lolotte." [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -BREINTMAYER, a banking house of Strasbourg, entrusted by Michu in 1803 -with the transmission of funds to the De Simeuses, young officers of -the army of Conde. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -BREZACS (The), Auvergnats, dealers in general merchandise and the -furnishings of chateaux during the Revolution, the Empire and the -Restoration. They had business dealings with Pierre Graslin, -Jean-Baptiste Sauviat and Martin Falleix. [The Country Parson. The -Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -BRIDAU, father of Philippe and Joseph Bridau; one of the secretaries -of Roland, Minister of the Interior in 1792, and the right arm of -succeeding ministers. He was attached fanatically to Napoleon, who -could appreciate him, and who made him chief of division in 1804. He -died in 1808, at the moment when he had been promised the offices of -director general and councillor of state with the title of comte. He -first met Agathe Rouget, whom he made his wife, at the home of the -grocer Descoings, the man whom he tried to save from the scaffold. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -BRIDAU (Agathe Rouget, Madame), wife of the preceding; born in 1773. -Legal daughter of Dr. Rouget of Issoudun, but possibly the natural -daughter of Sub-delegate Lousteau. The doctor did not waste any -affection upon her, and lost no time in sending her to Paris, where -she was reared by her uncle, the grocer Descoings. She died at the -close of 1828. Of her two sons, Philippe and Joseph, Mme. Bridau -always preferred the elder, though he caused her nothing but grief. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -BRIDAU (Philippe), elder son of Bridau and Agathe Rouget. Born in -1796. Placed in the Saint-Cyr school in 1813, he remained but six -months, leaving it to become under-lieutenant of the cavalry. On -account of a skirmish of the advance guard he was made full -lieutenant, during the French campaign, then captain after the battle -of La Fere-Champenoise, where Napoleon made him artillery officer. He -was decorated at Montereau. After witnessing the farewell at -Fontainebleu, he came back to his mother in July, 1814, being then -hardly nineteen. He did not wish to serve the Bourbons. In March, -1815, Philippe Bridau rejoined the Emperor at Lyons, accompanying him -to the Tuileries. He was promised a captaincy in a squadron of -dragoons of the Guard, and made officer of the Legion of Honor at -Waterloo. Reduced to half-pay, during the Restoration, he nevertheless -preserved his rank and officer's cross. He rejoined General Lallemand -in Texas, returning from America in October, 1819, thoroughly -degenerated. He ran an opposition newspaper in Paris in 1820-1821. He -led a most dissolute life; was the lover of Mariette Godeschal; and -attended all the parties of Tullia, Florentine, Florine, Coralie, -Matifat and Camusot. Not content with using the income of his brother -Joseph, he stole a coffer entrusted to him, and despoiled of her last -savings Mme. Descoings, who died of grief. Involved in a military plot -in 1822, he was sent to Issoudun, under the surveillance of the -police. There he created a disturbance in the "bachelor's -establishment" of his uncle, Jean-Jacques Rouget; killed in a duel -Maxence Gilet, the lover of Flore Brazier; brought about the girl's -marriage with his uncle; and married her himself when she became a -widow in 1824. When Charles X. succeeded to the throne, Philippe -Bridau re-entered the army as lieutenant-colonel of the Duc de -Maufrigneuse's regiment. In 1827 he passed with this grade into a -regiment of cavalry of the Royal Guard, and was made Comte de -Brambourg from the name of an estate which he had purchased. He was -promised further the office of commander in the Legion of Honor, as -well as in the Order of Saint-Louis. After having consciously caused -the death of his wife, Flore Brazier, he tried to marry Amelie de -Soulanges, who belonged to a great family. But his manoeuvres were -frustrated by Bixiou. The Revolution of 1830 resulted in the loss to -Philippe Bridau of a portion of the fortune which he had obtained from -his uncle by his marriage. Once more he entered military service, -under the July Government, which made him a colonel. In 1839 he fell -in an engagement with the Arabs in Africa. [A Bachelor's -Establishment. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -BRIDAU (Joseph), painter; younger brother of Philippe Bridau; born in -1799. He studied with Gros, and made his first exhibit at the Salon of -1823. He received great stimulus from his fellow-members of the -"Cenacle," in rue Quatre-Vents, also from his master, from Gerard and -from Mlle. des Touches. Moreover he was a hard-worker and an artist of -genius. He was decorated in 1827, and about 1839, through the interest -of the Comte de Serizy, for whose home he had formerly done some work, -he married the only daughter of a retired farmer, now a millionaire. -On the death of his brother Philippe, he inherited his house in rue de -Berlin, his estate of Brambourg, and his title of comte. [A Bachelor's -Establishment. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Start in Life.] -Joseph Bridau made some vignettes for the works of Canalis. [Modeste -Mignon.] He was intimate with Hippolyte Schinner, whom he had known at -Gros' studio. [The Purse.] Shortly after 1830, he was present at an -"at home" at Mlle. des Touches, when Henri de Marsay told about his -first love affair. [Another Study of Woman.] In 1832 he rushed in to -see Pierre Grassou, borrowed five hundred francs of him, and told him -to "cater to his talent" and even to plunge into literature since he -was nothing more than a poor painter. At this same time, Joseph Bridau -painted the dining-hall in the D'Arthez chateau. [Pierre Grassou.] He -was a friend of Marie Gaston, and was attendant at his marriage with -Louise de Chaulieu, widow of Macumer, in 1833. [Letters of Two -Brides.] He also assisted at the wedding of Steinbock with Hortense -Hulot, and in 1838, at the instigation of Stidmann, clubbed in with -Leon de Lora to raise four thousand francs for the Pole, who was -imprisoned for debt. He had made the portrait of Josepha Mirah. -[Cousin Betty.] In 1839, at Mme. Montcornet's, Joseph Bridau praised -the talent and character displayed by Dorlange, the sculptor. [The -Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -BRIDAU (Flore Brazier, Madame Philippe), born in 1787 at Vatan Indre, -known as "La Rabouilleuse," on account of her uncle having put her to -work, when a child, at stirring up (to "rabouiller") the streamlets, -so that he might find crayfishes. She was noticed on account of her -great beauty by Dr. Rouget of Issoudun, and taken to his home in 1799. -Jean-Jacques Rouget, the doctor's son become much enamored of her, but -obtained favor only through his money. On her part she was smitten -with Maxence Gilet, whom she entertained in the house of the old -bachelor at the latter's expense. But everything was changed by the -arrival of Philippe Bridau at Issoudun. Gilet was killed in a duel, -and Rouget married La Rabouilleuse in 1823. Left a widow soon after, -she married the soldier. She died in Paris in 1828, abandoned by her -husband, in the greatest distress, a prey to innumerable terrible -complaints, the products of the dissolute life into which Philippe -Bridau had designedly thrown her. She dwelt then on rue du Houssay, on -the fifth floor. She left here for the Dubois Hospital in Faubourg -Saint-Denis. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -BRIDAU (Madame Joseph), only daughter of Leger, an old farmer, -afterwards a multi-millionaire at Beaumont-sur-Oise; married to the -painter Joseph Bridau about 1839. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -BRIGAUT (Major), of Pen-Hoel, Vendee; retired major of the Catholic -Army which contested with the French Republic. A man of iron, but -devout and entirely unselfish. He had served under Charette, Mercier, -the Baron du Guenic and the Marquis de Montauran. He died in 1819, six -months after Mme. Lorrain, the widow of a major in the Imperial Army, -whom he was said to have consoled on the loss of her husband. Major -Brigaut had received twenty-seven wounds. [Pierrette. The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -BRIGAUT (Jacques), son of Major Brigaut; born about 1811. Childhood -companion of Pierrette Lorrain, whom he loved in innocent fashion -similar to that of Paul and Virginia, and whose love was reciprocated -in the same way. When Pierrette was sent to Provins, to the home of -the Rogrons, her relatives, Jacques also went to this town and worked -at the carpenter's trade. He was present at the death-bed of the young -girl and immediately thereafter enlisted as a soldier; he became head -of a battalion, after having several times sought death vainly. -[Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -BRIGITTE. (See Cottin, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -BRIGITTE, servant of Chesnel from 1795 on. In 1824 she was still with -him in rue du Bercail, Alencon, at the time of the pranks of the young -D'Esgrignon. Brigette humored the gormandizing of her master, the only -weakness of the goodman. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -BRIGNOLET, clerk with lawyer Bordin in 1806. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -BRISETOUT (Heloise), mistress of Celestin Crevel in 1838, at the time -when he was elected mayor. She succeeded Josepha Mirah, in a little -house on rue Chauchat, after having lived on rue Notre-Dame-de -Lorette. [Cousin Betty.] In 1844-1845 she was <i>premiere danseuse</i> in -the Theatre du Boulevard, when she was claimed by both Bixiou and -Gaudissart, her manager. She was a very literary young woman, much -spoken of in Bohemian circles for elegance and graciousness. She knew -all the great artists, and favored her kinsman, the musician -Garangeot. [Cousin Pons.] Towards the end of the reign of Louis -Philippe, she had Isidore Baudoyer for a "protector"; he was then -mayor of the arrondissement of Paris, which included the Palais -Royale. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -BRISSET, a celebrated physician of Paris, time of Louis Philippe. a -materialist and successor to Bichat, and Cabanis. At the head of the -"Organists," opposed to Cameristus head of the "Vitalists." He was -called in consultation regarding Raphael de Valentin, whose condition -was serious. [The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -BROCHON, a half-pay soldier who, in 1822, tended the horses and did -chores for Moreau, manager of Presles, the estate of the Comte de -Serizy. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -BROSSARD (Madame), widow received at Mme. de Bargeton's at Angouleme -in 1821. Poor but well-born, she sought to marry her daughter, and in -the end, despite her precise dignity and "sour-sweetness," she got -along fairly well with the other sex. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -BROSSARD (Camille du), daughter of the preceding. born in 1794. Fleshy -and imposing. Posed as a good pianist. Not yet married at twenty-seven. -[Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -BROSSETTE (Abbe), born about 1790; cure of Blangy, Burgundy, in 1823, -at the time when General de Montcornet was struggling with the -peasantry. The abbe himself was an object of their defiance and -hatred. He was the fourth son of a good bourgeoisie family of Autun, a -faithful prelate, an obstinate Royalist and a man of intelligence. -[The Peasantry.] In 1840 he became a cure at Paris, in the faubourg -Saint-Germain, and at the request of Mme. de Grandlieu, he interested -himself in removing Calyste du Guenic from the clutches of Mme. de -Rochefide and restoring him to his wife. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -BROUET (Joseph), a Chouan who died of wounds received in the fight of -La Pelerine or at the siege of Fougeres, in 1799. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -BROUSSON (Doctor), attended the banker Jean-Frederic Taillefer, a -short time before the financier's death. [The Red Inn.] -</p> -<p> -BRUCE (Gabriel), alias Gros-Jean, one of the fiercest Chouans of the -Fontaine division. Implicated in the affair of the "Chauffeurs of -Mortagne" in 1809. Condemned to death for contumacy. [The Seamy Side -of History.] -</p> -<p> -BRUEL (Du), chief of division to the Ministers of the Interior, under -the Empire. A friend of Bridau senior, retired on the advent of -Restoration. He was on very friendly terms with the widow Bridau, -coming each evening for a game of cards at her house, on rue Mazarine, -with his old-time colleagues, Claparon and Desroches. These three old -employes were called the "Three Sages of Greece" by Mmes. Bridau and -Descoings. M. du Bruel was descended of a contractor ennobled at the -end of the reign of Louis XIV. He died about 1821. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -BRUEL (Madame du), wife of the preceding. She survived him. She was -the mother of the dramatic author Jean-Francois du Bruel, christened -Cursy on the Parisian bill-boards. Although a bourgeoisie of strict -ideas, Mme. du Bruel welcomed the dancer Tullia, who became her -daughter-in-law. [A Prince of Bohemia.] -</p> -<p> -BRUEL (Jean-Francois du), son of the preceding; born about 1797. In -1816 he obtained a place under the Minister of Finance, thanks to the -favor of the Duc de Navarreins. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] He was -sub-chief of Rabourdin's office when the latter, in 1824, contested -with M. Baudoyer for a place of division chief. [The Government -Clerks.] In November, 1825, Jean-Francois du Bruel assisted at a -breakfast given at the "Rocher de Cancale" to the clerks of Desroches' -office by Frederic Marest who was treating to celebrate his incoming. -He was present also at the orgy which followed at Florentine's home. -[A Start in Life.] M. du Bruel successively rose to be chief of -bureau, director, councillor of state, deputy, peer of France and -commander of the Legion of Honor; he received the title of count and -entered one of the classes in the Institute. All this was accomplished -through his wife, Claudine Chaffaroux, formerly the dancer, Tullia, -whom he married in 1829. [A Prince of Bohemia. The Middle Classes.] -For a long time he wrote vaudeville sketches over the name of Cursy. -Nathan, the poet, found it necessary to unite with him. Du Bruel would -make use of the author's ideas, condensing them into small, sprightly -skits which always scored successes for the actors. Du Bruel and -Nathan discovered the actress Florine. They were the authors of -"L'Alcade dans l'embarras," an imbroglio in three acts, played at the -Theatre du Panorama-Dramatique about 1822, when Florine made her -debut, playing with Coralie and Bouffe, the latter under the name of -Vignol. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Daughter of Eve.] -</p> -<p> -BRUEL (Claudine Chaffaroux, Madame du), born at Nanterre in 1799. One -of the <i>premiere danseuses</i> of the Opera from 1817 to 1827. For -several years she was the mistress of the Duc de Rhetore [A Bachelor's -Establishment.], and afterwards of Jean-Francois du Bruel, who was -much in love with her in 1823, and married her in 1829. She had then -left the stage. About 1834 she met Charles Edouard de la Palferine and -formed a violent attachment for him. In order to please him and pose -in his eyes as a great lady, she urged her husband to the constant -pursuit of honors, and finally achieved the title of countess. -Nevertheless she continued to play the lady of propriety and found -entrance into bourgeoisie society. [A Prince of Bhoemia. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Letters of Two Brides.] In 1840, to -please Mme. Colleville, her friend, she tried to obtain a decoration -for Thuillier. [The Middle Classes.] Mme. du Bruel bore the name of -Tullia on the stage and in the "gallant" circle. She lived then in rue -Chauchat, in a house afterwards occupied by Mmes. Mirah and Brisetout, -when Claudine moved after her marriage to rue de la Victoire. -</p> -<p> -BRUNET, bailiff at Blagny, Burgundy, in 1823. He was also councillor -of the Canton during the Terror, having for practitioners Michel Vert -alias Vermichel and Fourchon the elder. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -BRUNNER (Gedeon), father of Frederic Brunner. At the time of the -French Restoration and of Louis Philippe he owned the great Holland -House at Frankford-on-the-Main. One of the early railway projectors. -He died about 1844, leaving four millions. Calvinist. Twice married. -[Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -BRUNNER (Madame), first wife of Gedeon Brunner, and mother of Frederic -Brunner. A relative of the Virlaz family, well-to-do Jewish furriers -of Leipsic. A converted Jew. Her dowry was the basis of her husband's -fortune. She died young, leaving a son aged but twelve. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -BRUNNER (Madame), second wife of Gedeon Brunner. The only daughter of -a German inn-keeper. She had been very badly spoiled by her parents. -Sterile, dissipated and prodigal, she made her husband very unhappy, -thus avenging the first Mme. Brunner. She was a step-mother of the -most abominable sort, launching her stepson into an unbridled life, -hoping that debauchery would devour both the child and the Jewish -fortune. After ten years of wedded life she died before her parents, -having made great inroads upon Gedeon Brunner's property. [Cousin -Pons.] -</p> -<p> -BRUNNER (Frederic), only son of Gedeon Brunner, born within the first -four years of the century. He ran through his maternal inheritance by -silly dissipations, and then helped his friend Wilhelm Schwab to make -away with the hundred thousand francs his parents had left him. -Without resources and cast adrift by his father he went to Paris in -1835, where, upon the recommendation of Graff, the inn-keeper, he -obtained a position with Keller at six hundred francs per annum. In -1843 he was only two thousand francs ahead; but Gedeon Brunner having -died, he became a multi-millionaire. Then for friendship's sake he -founded, with his chum Wilhelm, the banking house of "Brunner, Schwab -& Co.," on rue Richelieu, between rue Neuve-des-Petits-Champs and rue -Villedo, in a magnificent building belonging to the tailor, Wolfgang -Graff. Frederic Brunner had been presented by Sylvain Pons to the -Camusots de Marville; he would have married their daughter had she not -been the only child. The breaking off of this match involved also, the -relations of Pons with the De Marville family and resulted in the -death of the musician. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -BRUNO, <i>valet de chambre</i> of Corentin at Passy, on rue des Vignes, in -1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] About 1840 he was again in the -service of Corentin, who was now known as M. du Portail and lived on -rue Honore-Chevalier, at Paris. [The Middle Classes.] This name is -sometimes spelled Bruneau. -</p> -<p> -BRUTUS, proprietor of the Hotel des Trois-Maures in the Grand-Rue, -Alencon, in 1799, where Alphonse de Montauran met Mlle. de Verneuil -for the first time. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -BUNEAUD (Madame), ran a bourgeoisie boarding-house in opposition to -Mme. Vauquer on the heights of Sainte-Genevieve, Paris, in 1819. -[Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -BUTIFER, noted hunter, poacher and smuggler, living in the village -hard by Grenoble, where Dr. Benassis located, during the Restoration. -When the doctor arrived in the country, Butifer drew a bead on him, in -a corner of the forest. Later, however, he became entirely devoted to -him. He was charged by Genestas with the physical education of this -officer's adopted son. It may be that Butifer enlisted in Genestas' -regiment, after the death of Dr. Benassis. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -BUTSCHA (Jean), head-clerk of Maitre Latournelle, a notary at Havre in -1829. Born about 1804. The natural son of a Swedish sailor and a -Demoiselle Jacmin of Honfleur. A hunchback. A type of intelligence and -devotion. Entirely subservient to Modeste Mignon, whom he loved -without hope; he aided, by many adroit methods, to bring about her -marriage with Ernest de la Briere. Butscha decided that this union -would make the young lady happy. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0006"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - C -</h2> -<p> -CABIROLLE, in charge of the stages of Minoret-Levrault, postmaster of -Nemours. Probably a widower, with one son. About 1837, a sexagenarian, -he married Antoinette Patris, called La Bougival, who was over fifty, -but whose income amounted to twelve hundred francs. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -CABIROLLE, son of the preceding. In 1830 he was Dr. Minoret's coachman -at Nemours. Later he was coachman for Savinien de Portenduere, after -the vicomte's marriage with Ursule Mirouet. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -CABIROLLE (Madame), wife of Cabirolle senior. Born Antoinette Patris -in 1786, of a poor family of La Bresse. Widow of a workman named -Pierre alias Bougival; she was usually designated by the latter name. -After having been Ursule Mirouet's nurse, she became Dr. Minoret's -servant, marrying Cabirolle about 1837. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -CABIROLLE (Madame), mother of Florentine, the <i>danseuse</i>. Formerly -janitress on rue Pastourelle, but living in 1820 with her daughter on -rue de Crussol in a modest affluence assured by Cardot the old -silk-dealer, since 1817. According to Girondeau, she was a woman of -sense. [A Start in Life. A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -CABIROLLE (Agathe-Florentine), known as Florentine; born in 1804. In -1817, upon leaving Coulon's class, she was discovered by Cardot, the -old silk-merchant, and established by him with her mother in a -relatively comfortable flat on rue de Crussol. After having been -featured at the Gaite theatre, in 1820, she danced for the first time -in a spectacular drama entitled "The Ruins of Babylon."* Immediately -afterwards she succeeded Mariette as <i>premiere danseuse</i> at the -theatre of the Porte-Saint-Martin. Then in 1823 she made her debut at -the Opera in a trio skit with Mariette and Tullia. At the time when -Cardot "protected" her, she had for a lover the retired Captain -Girondeau, and was intimate with Philippe Bridau, to whom she gave -money when in need. In 1825 Florentine occupied Coralie's old flat, -now for some three years, and it was at this place that Oscar Husson -lost at play the money entrusted to him by his employer, Desroches the -attorney, and was surprised by his uncle, Cardot. [A Start in Life. -Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<pre> -* By Renee-Charles Guilbert de Pixerecourt; played for the first - time at Paris in 1810. -</pre> -<p> -CABOT (Armand-Hippolyte), a native of Toulouse who, in 1800, -established a hair-dressing salon on the Place de la Bourse, Paris. On -the advice of his customer, the poet Parny, he had taken the name of -Marius, a sobriquet which stuck to the establishment. In 1845 Cabot -had earned an income of twenty-four thousand francs and lived at -Libourne, while a fifth Marius, called Mougin, managed the business -founded by him. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -CABOT (Marie-Anne), known as Lajeunesse, an old servant of Marquis -Carol d'Esgrignon. Implicated in the affair of the "Chauffeurs of -Mortagne" and executed in 1809. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -CACHAN, attorney at Angouleme under the Restoration. He and -Petit-Claud had similar business interests and the same clients. In -1830 Cachan, now mayor of Marsac, had dealings with the Sechards. -[Lost Illusions. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -CADENET, Parisian wine-merchant, in 1840, on the ground-floor of a -furnished lodging-house, corner of rue des Postes and rue des Poules. -Cerizet also dwelt there at that time. Cadenet, who was proprietor of -the house, had something to do with the transactions of Cerizet, the -"banker of the poor." [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -CADIGNAN (Prince de), a powerful lord of the former regime, father of -the Duc de Maufrigneuse, father-in-law of the Duc de Navarreins. -Ruined by the Revolution, he had regained his properties and income on -the accession of the Bourbons. But he was a spendthrift and devoured -everything. He also ruined his wife. He died at an advanced age some -time before the Revolution of July. [The Secrets of a Princess.] At -the end of 1829, the Prince de Cadignan, then Grand Huntsman to -Charles X., rode in a great chase where were also found, amid a very -aristocratic throng, the Duc d'Herouville, organizer of the jaunt, -Canalis and Ernest de la Briere, all three of whom were suitors for -the hand of Modeste Mignon. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -CADIGNAN (Prince and Princesse de), son and daughter-in-law of the -preceding. (See Maufrigneuse, Duc and Duchesse de.) -</p> -<p> -CADINE (Jenny), actress at the Gymnase theatre, times of Charles X. -and Louis Philippe. The most frolicsome of women, the only rival of -Dejazet. Born in 1814. Discovered, trained and "protected" from -thirteen years old on, by Baron Hulot. Intimate friend of Josepha -Mirah. [Cousin Betty.] Between 1835 and 1840, while maintained by -Couture, she lived on rue Blanche in a delightful little ground-floor -flat with its own garden. Fabien du Ronceret and Mme. Schontz -succeeded her here. [Beatrix.] In 1845 she was Massol's mistress and -lived on rue de la Victoire. At this time, she apparently led astray -in short order Palafox Gazonal, who had been taken to her home by -Bixiou and Leon de Lora. [The Unconscious Humorists.] About this time -she was the victim of a jewelry theft. After the arrest of the thieves -her property was returned by Saint-Esteve—Vautrin—who was then chief -of the special service. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -CADOT (Mademoiselle), old servant-mistress of Judge Blondet at -Alencon, during the Restoration. She pampered her master, and, like -him, preferred the elder of the magistrate's two sons. [Jealousies of -a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -CALVI (Theodore), alias Madeleine. Born in 1803. A Corsican condemned -to the galleys for life on account of eleven murders committed by the -time he was eighteen. A member of the same gang with Vautrin from 1819 -to 1820. Escaped with him. Having assassinated the widow Pigeau of -Nanterre, in May, 1830, he was rearrested and this time sentenced to -death. The plotting of Vautrin, who bore for him an unnatural -affection, saved his life; the sentence was commuted. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -CAMBON, lumber merchant, a deputy mayor to Benassis, in 1829, in a -community near Grenoble, and a devoted assistant in the work of -regeneration undertaken by the doctor. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -CAMBREMER (Pierre), fisherman of Croisic on the Lower-Loire, time of -Louis Philippe, who, for the honor of a jeopardized name, had cast his -only son into the sea and afterwards remained desolate and a widower -on a cliff near by, in expiation of his crime induced by paternal -justice. [A Seaside Tragedy. Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -CAMBREMER (Joseph), younger brother of Pierre Cambremer, father of -Pierrette, called Perotte. [A Seaside Tragedy.] -</p> -<p> -CAMBREMER (Jacques), only son of Pierre Cambremer and Jacquette -Brouin. Spoiled by his parents, his mother especially, he became a -rascal of the worst type. Jacques Cambremer evaded justice only by -reason of the fact that his father gagged him and cast him into the -sea. [A Seaside Tragedy.] -</p> -<p> -CAMBREMER (Madame), born Jacquette Brouin, wife of Pierre Cambremer -and mother of Jacques. She was of Guerande; was educated; could write -"like a clerk"; taught her son to read and this brought about his -ruin. She was usually spoken of as the beautiful Brouin. She died a -few days after Jacques. [A Seaside Tragedy.] -</p> -<p> -CAMBREMER (Pierrette), known as Perotte; daughter of Joseph Cambremer; -niece of Pierre and his goddaughter. Every morning the sweet and -charming creature came to bring her uncle the bread and water upon -which he subsisted. [A Seaside Tragedy.] -</p> -<p> -CAMERISTUS, celebrated physician of Paris under Louis Philippe; the -Ballanche of medicine and one of the defenders of the abstract -doctrines of Van Helmont; chief of the "Vitalists" opposed to Brisset -who headed the "Organists." He as well as Brisset was called in -consultation regarding a very serious malady afflicting Raphael de -Valentin. [The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -CAMPS (Octave de), lover then husband of Mme. Firmiani. She made him -restore the entire fortune of a family named Bourgneuf, ruined in a -lawsuit by Octave's father, thus reducing him to the necessity of -making a living by teaching mathematics. He was only twenty-two years -old when he met Mme. Firmiani. He married her first at Gretna Green. -The marriage at Paris took place in 1824 or 1825. Before marriage, -Octave de Camps lived on rue de l'Observance. He was a descendant of -the famous Abbe de Camps, so well known among bookmen and savants. -[Madame Firmiani.] Octave de Camps reappears as an ironmaster, during -the reign of Louis Philippe. At this time he rarely resided at Paris. -[The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -CAMPS (Madame Octave de), nee Cadignan; niece of the old Prince de -Cadignan; cousin of the Duc de Maufrigneuse. In 1813, at the age of -sixteen, she married M. Firmiani, receiver-general in the department -of Montenotte. M. Firmiani died in Greece about 1822, and she became -Mme. de Camps in 1824 or 1825. At this time she dwelt on rue du Bac -and had entree into the home of Princesse de Blamont-Chauvry, the -oracle of Faubourg Saint-Germain. An accomplished and excellent lady, -loved even by her rivals, the Duchesse de Maufrigneuse, her cousin, -Mme. de Macumer—Louise de Chaulieu—and the Marquise d'Espard. -[Madame Firmiani.] She welcomed and protected Mme. Xavier Rabourdin. -[The Government Clerks.] At the close of 1824 she gave a ball where -Charles de Vandenesse made the acquaintance of Mme. d'Aiglemont whose -lover he became. [A Woman of Thirty.] In 1834 Mme. Octave de Camps -tried to check the slanders going the rounds at the expense of Mme. -Felix de Vandenesse, who had compromised herself somewhat on account -of the poet Nathan; and Mme. de Camps gave the young woman some good -advice. [A Daughter of Eve.] On another occasion she gave exceedingly -good counsel to Mme. de l'Estorade, who was afraid of being smitten -with Sallenauve. [The Member for Arcis.] Mme. Firmiani, "that was," -shared her time between Paris and the furnaces of M. de Camps; but she -gave the latter much the preference—at least so said one of her -intimate friends, Mme. de l'Estorade. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -CAMUSET, one of Bourignard's assumed names. -</p> -<p> -CAMUSOT, silk-merchant, rue des Bourdonnais, Paris, under the -Restoration. Born in 1765. Son-in-law and successor of Cardot, whose -eldest daughter he had married. At that time he was a widower, his -first wife being a Demoiselle Pons, sole heiress of the celebrated -Pons family, embroiderers to the Court during the Empire. About 1834 -Camusot retired from business, and became a member of the -Manufacturers' Council, deputy, peer of France and baron. He had four -children. In 1821-1822 he maintained Coralie, who became so violently -enamored of Lucien de Rubempre. Although she abandoned him for Lucien, -he promised the poet, after the actress' death, that he would purchase -for her a permanent plot in the cemetery of Pere-Lachaise. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Bachelor's Establishment. Cousin -Pons.] Later he was intimate with Fanny Beaupre for some time. [The -Muse of the Department.] He and his wife were present at Cesar -Birotteau's big ball in December, 1818; he was also chosen -commissary-judge of the perfumer's bankruptcy, instead of -Gobenheim-Keller, who was first designated. [Cesar Birotteau.] He had -dealings with the Guillaumes, clothing merchants, rue Saint-Denis. [At -the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] -</p> -<p> -CAMUSOT DE MARVILLE, son of Camusot the silk-merchant by his first -marriage. Born about 1794. During Louis Philippe's reign he took the -name of a Norman estate and green, Marville, in order to distinguish -between himself and a half-brother. In 1824, then a judge at Alencon, -he helped render an alibi decision in favor of Victurnien d'Esgrignon, -who really was guilty. [Cousin Pons. Jealousies of a Country Town.] He -was judge at Paris in 1828, and was appointed to replace Popinot in -the court which was to render a decision concerning the appeal for -interdiction presented by Mme. d'Espard against her husband. [The -Commission in Lunacy.] In May, 1830, in the capacity of judge of -instruction, he prepared a report tending to the liberation of Lucien -de Rubempre, accused of assassinating Esther Gobseck. But the suicide -of the poet rendered the proposed measure useless, besides upsetting, -momentarily, the ambitious projects of the magistrate. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] Camusot de Marville had been president of the Court -of Nantes. In 1844 he was president of the Royal Court of Paris and -commander of the Legion of Honor. At this time he lived in a house on -rue de Hanovre, purchased by him in 1834, where he received the -musician Pons, a cousin of his. The President de Marville was elected -deputy in 1846. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -CAMUSOT DE MARVILLE (Madame), born Thirion, Marie-Cecile-Amelie, in -1798. Daughter of an usher of the Cabinet of Louis XVIII. Wife of the -magistrate. In 1814 she frequented the studio of the painter Servin, -who had a class for young ladies. This studio contained two factions; -Mlle. Thirion headed the party of the nobility, though of ordinary -birth, and persecuted Ginevra di Piombo, of the Bonapartist party. -[The Vendetta.] In 1818 she was invited to accompany her father and -mother to the famous ball of Cesar Birotteau. It was about the time -her marriage with Camusot de Marville was being considered. [Cesar -Birotteau.] This wedding took place in 1819, and immediately the -imperious young woman gained the upper hand with the judge, making him -follow her own will absolutely and in the interests of her boundless -ambition. It was she who brought about the discharge of young -d'Esgrignon in 1824, and the suicide of Lucien de Rubempre in 1830. -Through her, the Marquis d'Espard failed of interdiction. However, -Mme. de Marville had no influence over her father-in-law, the senior -Camusot, whom she bored dreadfully and importuned excessively. She -caused, also, by her evil treatment, the death of Sylvain Pons "the -poor relation," inheriting with her husband his fine collection of -curios. [Jealousies of a Country Town. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. -Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -CAMUSOT (Charles), son of the preceding couple. He died young, at a -time when his parents had neither land nor title of Marville, and when -they were in almost straitened circumstances. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -CAMUSOT DE MARVILLE (Cecile). (See Popinot, Vicomtesse.) -</p> -<p> -CANALIS (Constant-Cyr-Melchior, Baron de), poet—chief of the -"Angelic" school—deputy minister, peer of France, member of the -French Academy, commander of the Legion of Honor. Born at Canalis, -Correze, in 1800. About 1821 he became the lover of Mme. de Chaulieu, -who was constantly aiding him to high positions, but who, at the same -time, was always very exacting. Not long after, Canalis is seen at the -opera in Mme. d'Espard's box, being presented to Lucien de Rubempre. -From 1824 he was the fashionable poet. [Letters of Two Brides. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] In 1829 he lived at number 29 rue -Paradis-Poissoniere (now simply rue Paradis) and was master of -requests in the Council of State. This is the time when he was in -correspondence with Modeste Mignon and wished to espouse that rich -heiress. [Modeste Mignon.] Shortly after 1830, now a great man, he was -present at Mlle. des Touches', when Henri de Marsay told of his first -love affair. Canalis took part in the conversation and uttered a most -vigorous tirade against Napoleon. [The Magic Skin. Another Study of -Woman.] In 1838 he married the daughter of Moreau (de l'Oise), who -brought him a very large dowry. [A Start in Life.] In October, 1840, -he and Mme. de Rochefide were present at a performance at the Varietes -theatre, where that dangerous woman was encountered again after a -lapse of three years by Calyste du Guenic. [Beatrix.] In 1845 Canalis -was pointed out in the Chamber of Deputies by Leon de Lora to Palafox -Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] In 1845, he consented to act as -second to Sallenauve in his duel with Maxime de Trailles. [The Member -for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -CANALIS (Baronne Melchior de), wife of the preceding and daughter of -M. and Mme. Moreau (de l'Oise). About the middle of the reign of Louis -Philippe, she being then recently married, she made a journey to -Seine-et-Oise. She went first to Beaumont and Presles. Mme. de Canalis -with her daughter and the Academician, occupied Pierrotin's -stage-coach. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -CANE (Marco-Facino), known as Pere Canet, a blind old man, an inmate -of the Hospital des Quinze-Vingts, who during the Restoration followed -the vocation of musician, at Paris. He played the clarionet at a ball -of the working-people of rue de Charenton, on the occasion of the -wedding of Mme. Vaillant's sister. He said he was a Venetian, Prince -de Varese, a descendant of the <i>condottiere</i> Facino Cane, whose -conquests fell into the hands of the Duke of Milan. He told strange -stories regarding his patrician youth. He died in 1820, more than an -octogenarian. He was the last of the Canes on the senior branch, and -he transmitted the title of Prince de Varese to a relative, Emilio -Memmi. [Facino Cane. Massimilla Doni.] -</p> -<p> -CANTE-CROIX (Marquis de), under-lieutenant in one of the regiments -which tarried at Angouleme from November, 1807, to March, 1808, while -on its way to Spain. He was a Colonel at Wagram on July 6, 1809, -although only twenty-six years old, when a shot crushed over his heart -the picture of Mme. de Bargeton, whom he loved. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -CANTINET, an old glass-dealer, and beadle of Saint-Francois church, -Marais, Paris, in 1845; dwelt on rue d'Orleans. A drunken idler. -[Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -CANTINET (Madame), wife of preceding; renter of seats in -Saint-Francois. Last nurse of Sylvain Pons, and a tool to the -interests of Fraisier and Poulain. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -CANTINET, Junior, would have been made beadle of Saint-Francois, where -his father and mother were employed, but he preferred the theatre. He -was connected with the Cirque-Olympique in 1845. He caused his mother -sorrow, by a dissolute life and by forcible inroads on the maternal -purse. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -CAPRAJA, a noble Venetian, a recognized dilettante, living only by and -through music. Nicknamed "Il Fanatico." Known by the Duke and Duchess -Cataneo and their friends. [Massimilla Doni.] -</p> -<p> -CARABINE, assumed name of Seraphine Sinet, which name see. -</p> -<p> -CARBONNEAU, physician whom the Comte de Mortsauf spoke of consulting -about his wife, in 1820, instead of Dr. Origet, whom he fancied to be -unsatisfactory. [The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -CARCADO (Madame de), founder of a Parisian benevolent society, for -which Mme. de la Baudraye was appointed collector, in March, 1843, on -the request of some priests, friends of Mme. Piedefer. This choice -resulted, noteworthily, in the re-entrance into society of the "muse," -who had been beguiled and compromised by her relations with Lousteau. -[The Muse of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -CARDANET (Madame de), grandmother of Mme. de Senonches. [Lost -Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -CARDINAL (Madame), Parisian fish-vender, daughter of one Toupillier, a -carrier. Widow of a well-known marketman. Niece of Toupillier the -pauper of Saint-Sulpice, from whom in 1840, with Cerizet's assistance, -she tried to capture the hidden treasure. This woman had three -sisters, four brothers, and three uncles, who would have shared with -her the pauper's bequest. The scheming of Mme. Cardinal and Cerizet -was frustrated by M. du Portail—Corentin. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -CARDINAL (Olympe). (See Cerizet, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -CARDOT (Jean-Jerome-Severin), born in 1755. Head-clerk in an old -silk-house, the "Golden Cocoon," rue des Bourdonnais. He bought the -establishment in 1793, at the "maximum" moment, and in ten years had -made a large fortune, thanks to the dowry of one hundred thousand -francs brought him by his wife; she was a Demoiselle Husson, and gave -him four children. Of these, the elder daughter married Camusot, who -succeeded his father-in-law; the second, Marianne, married Protez, of -the firm of Protez & Chiffreville; the elder son became a notary; the -younger son, Joseph, took an interest in Matifat's drug business. -Cardot was the "protector" of the actress, Florentine, whom he -discovered and started. In 1822 he lived at Belleville in one of the -first houses above Courtille; he had then been a widower for six -years. He was an uncle of Oscar Husson, and had taken some interest in -and helped the dolt, until an incident occurred that changed -everything: the old man discovered the young fellow asleep one -morning, on one of Florentine's divans, after an orgy wherein he had -squandered the money entrusted to him by his employer, Desroches the -attorney. [A Start in Life. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial -at Paris. A Bachelor's Establishment.] Cardot had dealings with the -Guillaumes, clothiers, rue Saint-Denis. [At the Sign of the Cat and -Racket.] He and his entire family were invited to the great ball given -by Cesar Birotteau, December 17, 1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -CARDOT, elder son of the preceding. Parisian notary, successor of -Sorbier. Born in 1794. Married to a Demoiselle Chiffreville, of a -family of celebrated chemists. Three children were born to them: a son -who in 1836 was fourth clerk in his father's business, and should have -succeeded him, but dreamed instead of literary fame; Felicie, who -married Berthier; and another daughter, born in 1824. The notary -Cardot maintained Malaga, during the reign of Louis Philippe. [The -Muse of the Department. A Man of Business. Jealousies of a Country -Town.] He was attorney for Pierre Grassou, who deposited his savings -with him every quarter. [Pierre Grassou.] He was also notary to the -Thuilliers, and, in 1840, had presented in their drawing-rooms, on rue -Saint-Dominique d'Enfer, Godeschal an aspirant for the hand of Celeste -Colleville. After living on Place du Chatelet, Cardot become one of -the tenants of the house purchased by the Thuilliers, near the -Madeleine. [The Middle Classes.] In 1844 he was mayor and deputy of -Paris. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -CARDOT (Madame) nee Chiffreville, wife of Cardot the notary. Very -devoted, but a "wooden" woman, a "veritable penitential brush." About -1840 she lived on Place du Chatelet, Paris, with her husband. At this -time, the notary's wife took her daughter Felicie to rue des Martyrs, -to the home of Etienne Lousteau, whom she had planned to have for a -son-in-law, but whom she finally threw over on account of the -journalist's dissipated ways. [The Muse of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -CARDOT (Felicie or Felicite). (See Berthier, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -CARIGLIANO (Marechal, Duc de), one of the illustrious soldiers of the -Empire; husband of a Demoiselle Malin de Gondreville, whom he -worshipped, obeyed and stood in awe of, but who deceived him. [At the -Sign of the Cat and Racket.] In 1819, Marechal de Carigliano gave a -ball where Eugene de Rastignac was presented by his cousin, the -Vicomtesse de Beauseant, at the time he entered the world of fashion. -[Father Goriot.] During the Restoration he owned a beautiful house -near the Elysee-Bourbon, which he sold to M. de Lanty. [Sarrasine.] -</p> -<p> -CARIGLIANO (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, daughter of Senator -Malin de Gondreville. At the end of the Empire, when thirty-six years -of age, she was the mistress of the young Colonel d'Aiglemont, and of -Sommervieux, the painter, almost at the same time; the latter had -recently wedded Augustine Guillaume. The Duchesse de Carigliano -received a visit from Mme. de Sommervieux, and gave her very ingenious -advice concerning the method of conquering her husband, and binding -him forever to her by her coquetry. [At the Sign of the Cat and -Racket.] In 1821-1822 she had an opera-box near Mme. d'Espard. Sixte -du Chatelet came to her to make his acknowledgments on the evening -when Lucien de Rubempre, a newcomer in Paris, cut such a sorry figure -at the theatre in company with Mme. de Bargeton. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] It was the Duchesse de Carigliano who, after a -great effort, found a wife suited to General de Montcornet, in the -person of Mlle. de Troisville. [The Peasantry.] Mme. de Carigliano, -although a Napoleonic duchesse, was none the less devoted to the House -of the Bourbons, being attached especially to the Duchesse de Berry. -Becoming imbued also with a high degree of piety, she visited nearly -every year a retreat of the Ursulines of Arcis-sur-Aube. In 1839 -Sallenauve's friends counted on the duchesse's support to elect him -deputy. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -CARMAGNOLA (Giambattista), an old Venetian gondolier, entirely devoted -to Emilio Memmi, in 1820. [Massimilla Doni.] -</p> -<p> -CARNOT (Lazare-Nicolas-Marguerite), born at Nolay—Cote-d'Or—in 1753; -died in 1823. In June, 1800, while Minister of War, he was present in -company with Talleyrand, Fouche and Sieyes, at a council held at the -home of the Minister of Foreign Affairs, rue du Bac, when the -overthrow of First Consul Bonaparte was discussed. [The Gondreville -Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -CAROLINE (Mademoiselle), governess, during the Empire, of the four -children of M. and Mme. de Vandenesse. "She was a terror." [The Lily -of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -CAROLINE, chambermaid of the Marquis de Listomere, in 1827-1828, on -rue Saint-Dominique-Saint-Germain, Paris, when the marquis received a -letter from Eugene de Rastignac intended for Delphine de Nucingen. [A -Study of Woman.] -</p> -<p> -CAROLINE, servant of the Thuilliers in 1840. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -CARON, lawyer, in charge of the affairs of Mlle. Gamard at Tours in -1826. He acted against Abbe Francois Birotteau. [The Vicar of Tours.] -</p> -<p> -CARPENTIER, formerly captain in the Imperial Army, retired at Issoudun -during the Restoration. He had a position in the mayor's office. He -was allied by marriage to one of the strongest families of the city, -the Borniche-Hereaus. He was an intimate friend of the artillery -captain, Mignonnet, sharing with him his aversion for Commandant -Maxence Gilet. Carpentier and Mignonnet were seconds of Philippe -Bridau in his duel with the chief of the "Knights of Idlesse." [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -CARPI (Benedetto), jailer of a Venetian prison, where Facino Cane was -confined between the years 1760 and 1770. Bribed by the prisoner, he -fled with him, carrying a portion of the hidden treasure of the -Republic. But he perished soon after, by drowning, while trying to -cross the sea. [Facino Cane.] -</p> -<p> -CARTHAGENOVA, a superb basso of the Fenice theatre at Venice. In 1820 -he sang the part of Moses in Rossini's opera, with Genovese and La -Tinti. [Massimilla Doni.] -</p> -<p> -CARTIER, gardener in the Montparnasse quarter, Paris, during the reign -of Louis Philippe. In 1838 he supplied flowers to M. Bernard—Baron de -Bourlac—for his daughter Vanda. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -CARTIER (Madame), wife of the preceding; vender of milk, eggs and -vegetables to Mme. Vauthier, landlady of a miserable boarding-house on -Boulevard Montparnasse, and also to M. Bernard, lessee of real estate. -[The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -CASA-REAL (Duc de), younger brother of Mme. Balthazar Claes; related -to the Evangelistas of Bordeaux; of an illustrious family under the -Spanish monarchy; his sister had renounced the paternal succession in -order to procure for him a marriage worthy of a house so noble. He -died young, in 1805, leaving to Mme. Claes, a considerable fortune in -money. [The Quest of the Absolute. A Marriage Settlement.] -</p> -<p> -CASTAGNOULD, mate of the "Mignon," a pretty, hundred-ton vessel owned -by Charles Mignon, the captain. In this he made several important and -prosperous voyages, from 1826 to 1829. Castagnould was a Provencal and -an old servant of the Mignon family. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -CASTANIER (Rodolphe), retired chief of squadron in the dragoons, under -the Empire. Cashier of Baron de Nucingen during the Restoration. Wore -the decoration of the Legion of Honor. He maintained Mme. de la -Garde—Aquilina—and on her account, in 1821, he counterfeited the -banker's name on a letter of credit for a considerable amount. John -Melmoth, an Englishman, got him out of this scrape by exchanging his -own individuality for that of the old officer. Castanier was thus -all-powerful, but becoming promptly at outs with the proceeding, he -adopted the same tactics of exchange, transferring his power to a -financier named Claparon. Castanier was a Southerner. He had seen -service from sixteen till nearly forty. [Melmoth Reconciled.] -</p> -<p> -CASTANIER (Madame), wife of the preceding, married during the first -Empire. Her family—that of the bourgeoisie of Nancy—fooled Castanier -about the size of her dowry and her "expectations." Mme. Castanier was -honest, ugly and sour-tempered. She was separated from her husband, to -his relief, and for several years previous to 1821 lived in the -suburbs of Strasbourg. [Melmoth Reconciled.] -</p> -<p> -CASTERAN (De), a very ancient aristocracy of Normandy; related to -William the Conqueror; allied with the Verneuils, the Esgrignons and -the Troisvilles. The name is pronounced "Cateran." A Demoiselle -Blanche de Casteran was the mother of Mlle. de Verneuil, and died -Abbess of Notre-Dame de Seez. [The Chouans.] In 1807 Mme. de la -Chanterie, then a widow, was hospitably received in Normandy by the -Casterans. [The Seamy Side of History.] In 1822 a venerable couple, -Marquis and Marquise de Casteran visited the drawing-room of Marquis -d'Esgrignon at Alencon. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] The Marquise -de Rochefide, nee Beatrix Maximilienne-Rose de Casteran, was the -younger daughter of a Marquis de Casteran who wished to marry off both -his daughters without dowries, and thus save his entire fortune for -his son, the Comte de Casteran. [Beatrix.] A Comte de Casteran, -son-in-law of the Marquis of Troisville, relative of Mme. de Montcornet, -was prefect of a department of Burgundy between 1820 and 1825. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -CATANEO (Duke), noble Sicilian, born in 1773; first husband of -Massimilla Doni. Physically ruined by early debaucheries, he was a -husband only in name, living only by and through the influence of -music. Very wealthy, he had educated Clara Tinti, discovered by him -when still a child and a simple tavern servant. The young girl became, -thanks to him, the celebrated prima donna of the Fenice theatre, at -Venice in 1820. The wonderful tenor Genovese, of the same theatre, was -also a protege of Duke Cataneo, who paid him a high salary to sing -only with La Tinti. The Duke Cataneo cut a sorry figure. [Massimilla -Doni.] -</p> -<p> -CATANEO (Duchess), nee Massimilla Doni, wife of the preceding; married -later to Emilio Memmi, Prince de Varese. (See Princesse de Varese.) -</p> -<p> -CATHERINE, an old woman in the service of M. and Mme. Saillard, in -1824. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -CATHERINE, chambermaid and foster sister of Laurence de Cinq-Cygne in -1803. A handsome girl of nineteen. According to Gothard, Catherine was -in all her mistress' secrets and furthered all her schemes. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -CAVALIER, Fendant's partner; both were book-collectors, publishers and -venders in Paris, on rue Serpente in 1821. Cavalier traveled for the -house, whose firm name appeared as "Fendant and Cavalier." The two -associates failed shortly after having published, without success, the -famous romance of Lucien de Rubempre, "The Archer of Charles IX.," -which title they had changed for one more fantastic. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] In 1838, a firm of Cavalier published "The -Spirit of Modern Law" by Baron Bourlac, sharing the profits with the -author. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -CAYRON, of Languedoc, a vender of parasols, umbrellas and canes, on -rue Saint-Honore in a house adjacent to that inhabited by Birotteau -the perfumer in 1818. With the consent of the landlord, Molineux, -Cayron sublet two apartments over his shop to his neighbor. He fared -badly in business, suddenly disappearing a short time after the grand -ball given by Birotteau. Cayron admired Birotteau. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -CELESTIN, <i>valet de chambre</i> of Lucien de Rubempre, on the Malaquais -quai, in the closing years of the reign of Charles X. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -CERIZET, orphan from the Foundling Hospital, Paris; born in 1802; an -apprentice of the celebrated printers Didot, at whose office he was -noticed by David Sechard, who took him to Angouleme and employed him -in his own shop, where Cerizet performed triple duties of form-maker, -compositor and proof-reader. Presently he betrayed his master, and by -leaguing with the Cointet Brothers, rivals of David Sechard, he -obtained possession of his property. [Lost Illusions.] Following this -he was an actor in the provinces; managed a Liberal paper during the -Restoration; was sub-prefect at the beginning of the reign of Louis -Philippe; and finally was a "man of business." In the latter capacity -he was sentenced to two years' imprisonment for swindling. After -business partnership with Georges d'Estourny, and later with Claparon, -he was stranded and reduced to transcribing for a justice of the peace -in the quartier Saint-Jacques. At the same time he began lending money -on short time, and by speculating with the poorer class he acquired a -certain competence. Although thoroughly debauched, Cerizet married -Olympe Cardinal about 1840. At this time he was implicated in the -intrigues of Theodose de la Peyrade and in the interests of Jerome -Thuillier. Becoming possessed of a note of Maxime de Trailles in 1833, -he succeeded by Scapinal tactics in obtaining face value of the paper. -[A Man of Business. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Middle -Classes.] -</p> -<p> -CERIZET (Olympe Cardinal, Madame), wife of foregoing; born about 1824; -daughter of Mme. Cardinal the fish-dealer. Actress at the Bobino, -Luxembourg, then at the Folies-Dramatiques, where she made her debut -in "The Telegraph of Love." At first she was intimate with the first -comedian. Afterwards she had Julien Minard for lover. From the father -of the latter she received thirty thousand francs to renounce her son. -This money she used as a dowry and it aided in consummating her -marriage with Cerizet. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -CESARINE, laundry girl at Alencon. Mistress of the Chevalier de -Valois, and mother of a child that was attributed to the old -aristocrat. It was also said in the town, in 1816, that he had married -Cesarine clandestinely. These rumors greatly annoyed the chevalier, -since he had hoped at this time to wed Mlle. Cormon. Cesarine, the -sole legatee of her lover, received an income of only six hundred -livres. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -CESARINE, dancer at the Opera de Paris in 1822; an acquaintance of -Philippe Bridau, who at one time thought of breaking off with her on -account of his uncle Rouget at Issoudun. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -CHABERT (Hyacinthe), Count, grand officer of the Legion of Honor, -colonel of a cavalry regiment. Left for dead on the battlefield of -Eylau (February 7-8, 1807). He was healed at Heilsberg, then locked up -in an insane asylum at Stuttgart. Returning to France after the -downfall of the Empire, he lived, in 1818, in straitened -circumstances, with the herdsman Vergniaud, an old lieutenant of his -regiment, on rue du Petit-Banquier, Paris. After having sought without -arousing scandal to make good his rights with Rose Chapotel, his wife, -now married to Count Ferraud, he sank again into poverty and was -convicted of vagrancy. He ended his days at the Hospital de Bicetre; -they had begun at the Foundling Hospital. [Colonel Chabert.] -</p> -<p> -CHABERT (Madame), nee Rose Chapotel. (See Ferraud, Comtesse.) -</p> -<p> -CHABOISSEAU, an old bookseller, book-lender, something of a usurer, a -millionaire living in 1821-1822 on quai Saint-Michel, where he -discussed a business deal with Lucien de Rubembre, who had been -piloted there by Lousteau. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] He -was a friend of Gobseck and of Gigonnet and with them he frequented, -in 1824, the Cafe Themis. [The Government Clerks.] During the reign of -Louis Philippe he had dealings with the Cerizet-Claparon Company. [A -Man of Business.] -</p> -<p> -CHAFFAROUX, building-contractor, one of Cesar Birotteau's creditors -[Cesar Birotteau]; uncle of Claudine Chaffaroux who became Mme. du -Bruel. Rich and a bachelor, he showered much affection upon his niece; -she had helped him to launch into business. He died in the second half -of the reign of Louis Philippe, leaving an income of forty thousand -francs to the former <i>danseuse</i>. [A Prince of Bohemia.] In 1840 he did -some work on an unfinished house in the suburbs of the Madeleine, -purchased by the Thuilliers. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -CHAMAROLLES (Mesdemoiselles), conducted a boarding-school for young -ladies at Bourges, at the beginning of the century. This school -enjoyed a great reputation in the department. Here was educated Anna -Grosetete, who later married the third son of Comte de Fontaine; also -Dinah Piedefer who became Mme. de la Baudray. [The Muse of the -Department.] -</p> -<p> -CHAMPAGNAC, charman of Limoges, a widower, native of Auvergne. In 1797 -Jerome-Baptiste Sauviat married Champagnac's daughter, who was at -least thirty. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -CHAMPIGNELLES (De), an illustrious Norman family. In 1822 a Marquis de -Champignelles was the head of the leading house of the country at -Bayeux. Through marriage this family was allied with the Navarreins, -the Blamont-Chauvries, and the Beauseants. Marquis de Champignelles -introduced Gaston de Nueil to Mme. de Beauseant's home. [The Deserted -Woman.] A M. de Champignelles presented Mme. de la Chanterie to Louis -XVIII., at the beginning of the Restoration. The Baronne de la -Chanterie was formerly a Champignelles. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -CHAMPION (Maurice), a young boy of Montegnac, Haute-Vienne, son of the -postmaster of that commune; employed as stable-boy at Mme. Graslin's, -time of Louis Philippe. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -CHAMPLAIN (Pierre), vine-dresser, a neighbor of the crazy Margaritis, -at Vouvray in 1831. [Gaudissart the Great.] -</p> -<p> -CHAMPY (Madame de), name given to Esther Gobseck. -</p> -<p> -CHANDOUR (Stanislas de), born in 1781; one of the habitues of the -Bargeton's drawing-room at Angouleme, and the "beau" of that society. -In 1821 he was decorated. He obtained some success with the ladies by -his sarcastic pleasantries in the fashion of the eighteenth century. -Having spread about town a slander relating to Mme. de Bargeton and -Lucien de Rubempre, he was challenged by her husband and was wounded -in the neck by a bullet, which wound brought on him a kind of chronic -twist of the neck. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -CHANDOUR (Amelie de), wife of the preceding; charming -conversationalist, but troubled with an unacknowledged asthma. In -Angouleme she posed as the antagonist of her friend, Mme. de Bargeton. -[Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -CHANOR, partner of Florent, both being workers and dealers in bronze, -rue des Tournelles, Paris, time of Louis Philippe. Wenceslas Steinbock -was at first an apprentice and afterwards an employe of the firm. -[Cousin Betty.] In 1845, Frederic Brunner obtained a watch-chain and a -cane-knob from the firm of Florent & Chanor. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -CHANTONNIT, mayor of Riceys, near Besancon, between 1830 and 1840. He -was a native of Neufchatel, Switzerland, and a Republican. He was -involved in a lawsuit with the Wattevilles. Albert Savarus pleaded for -them against Chantonnit. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -CHAPELOUD (Abbe), canon of the Church of Saint-Gatien at Tours. -Intimate friend of the Abbe Birotteau, to whom he bequeathed on his -death-bed, in 1824, a set of furniture and a library of considerable -value which had been ardently coveted by the naive priest. [The Vicar -of Tours.] -</p> -<p> -CHAPERON (Abbe), Cure of Nemours, Seine-et-Marne, after the -re-establishment of religious worship following the Revolution. Born -in 1755, died in 1841, in that city. He was a friend of Dr. Minoret -and helped educate Ursule Mirouet, a niece of the physician. He was -nicknamed "the Fenelon of Gatinais." His successor was the cure of -Saint-Lange, the priest who tried to give religious consolation to -Mme. d'Aiglemont, a prey to despair. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -CHAPOTEL (Rose), family name of Mme. Chabert, who afterwards became -Comtesse Ferraud, which name see. -</p> -<p> -CHAPOULOT (Monsieur and Madame), formerly lace-dealers of rue -Saint-Denis in 1845. Tenants of the house, rue de Normandie, where -lived Pons and Schmucke. One evening, when M. and Mme. Chapoulot -accompanied by their daughter Victorine were returning from the -Theatre de l'Ambigu-Comique, they met Heloise Brisetout on the -landing, and a little conjugal scene resulted. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -CHAPUZOT (Monsieur and Madame), porters of Marguerite Turquet, known -as Malaga, rue des Fosses-du-Temple at Paris in 1836; afterwards her -servants and her confidants when she was maintained by Thaddee Paz. -[The Imaginary Mistress.] -</p> -<p> -CHAPUZOT, chief of division to the prefecture of police in the time of -Louis Philippe. Visited and consulted in 1843 by Victorin Hulot on -account of Mme. de Saint-Esteve. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -CHARDIN (Pere), old mattress-maker, and a sot. In 1843 he acted as a -go-between for Baron Hulot under the name of Pere Thoul, and Cousin -Betty, who concealed from the family the infamy of its head. [Cousin -Betty.] -</p> -<p> -CHARDIN, son of the preceding. At first a watchman for Johann Fischer, -commissariat for the Minister of War in the province of Oran from 1838 -to 1841. Afterwards <i>claqueur</i> in a theatre under Braulard, and -designated at that time by the name of Idamore. A brother of Elodie -Chardin whom he procured for Pere Thoul in order to release Olympe -Bijou whose lover he himself was. After Olympe Bijou, Chardin paid -court in 1843 to a young <i>premiere</i> of the Theatre des Funambules. -[Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -CHARDIN (Elodie), sister of Chardin alias Idamore; lace-maker; -mistress of Baron Hulot—Pere Thoul—in 1843. She lived then with him -at number 7 rue des Bernardins. She had succeeded Olympe Bijou in the -old fellow's affections. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -CHARDON, retired surgeon of the army of the Republic; established as a -druggist at Angouleme during the Empire. He was engrossed in trying to -cure the gout, and he also dreamed of replacing rag-paper with paper -made from vegetable fibre, after the manner of the Chinese. He died at -the beginning of the Restoration at Paris, where he had come to -solicit the sanction of the Academy of Science, in despair at the lack -of result, leaving a wife and two children poverty-stricken. [Lost -Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -CHARDON (Madame), nee Rubempre, wife of the preceding. The final -branch of an illustrious family. Saved from the scaffold in 1793 by -the army surgeon Chardon who declared her enceinte by him and who -married her despite their mutual poverty. Reduced to suffering by the -sudden death of her husband, she concealed her misfortunes under the -name of Mme. Charlotte. She adored her two children, Eve and Lucien. -Mme. Chardon died in 1827. [Lost Illusions. Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] -</p> -<p> -CHARDON (Lucien). (See Rubempre, Chardon de). -</p> -<p> -CHARDON (Eve). (See Sechard, Madame David.) -</p> -<p> -CHARELS (The), worthy farmers in the outskirts of Alencon; the father -and mother of Olympe Charel who became the wife of Michaud, the -head-keeper of General de Montcornet's estate. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -CHARGEBOEUF (Marquis de), a Champagne gentleman, born in 1739, head of -the house of Chargeboeuf in the time of the Consulate and the Empire. -His lands reached from the department of Seine-et-Marne into that of -the Aube. A relative of the Hauteserres and the Simeuses whom he -sought to erase from the emigrant list in 1804, and whom he assisted -in the lawsuit in which they were implicated after the abduction of -Senator Malin. He was also related to Laurence de Cinq-Cygne. The -Chargeboeufs and the Cinq-Cygnes had the same origin, the Frankish -name of Duineff being their joint property. Cinq-Cygne became the name -of the junior branch of the Chargeboeufs. The Marquis de Chargeboeuf -was acquainted with Talleyrand, at whose instance he was enabled to -transmit a petition to First-Consul Bonaparte. M. de Chargeboeuf was -apparently reconciled to the new order of things springing out of the -year '89; at any rate he displayed much politic prudence. His family -reckoned their ancient titles from the Crusades; his name arose from -an equerry's exploit with Saint Louis in Egypt. [The Gondreville -Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -CHARGEBOEUF (Madame de), mother of Bathilde de Chargeboeuf who married -Denis Rogron. She lived at Troyes with her daughter during the -Restoration. She was poor but haughty. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -CHARGEBOEUF (Bathilde de), daughter of the preceding; married Denis -Rogron. (See Rogron, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -CHARGEBOEUF (Melchior-Rene, Vicomte de), of the poor branch of the -Chargeboeufs. Made sub-prefect of Arcis-sur-Aube in 1815, through the -influence of his kinswoman, Mme. de Cinq-Cygne. It was there that he -met Mme. Severine Beauvisage. A mutual attachment resulted, and a -daughter called Cecile-Renee was born of their intimacy. [The Member -for Arcis.] In 1820 the Vicomte de Chargeboeuf removed to Sancerre -where he knew Mme. de la Baudraye. She would probably have favored -him, had he not been made prefect and left the city. [The Muse of the -Department.] -</p> -<p> -CHARGEBOEUF (De), secretary of attorney-general Granville at Paris in -1830; then a young man. Entrusted by the magistrate with the details -of Lucien de Rubempre's funeral, which was carried through in such a -way as to make one believe that he had died a free man and in his own -home, on quai Malaquais. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -CHARGEGRAIN (Louis), inn-keeper of Littray, Normandy. He had dealings -with the brigands and was arrested in the suit of the Chauffeurs of -Mortagne, in 1809, but acquitted. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -CHARLES, first name of a rather indifferent young painter, who in 1819 -boarded at the Vauquer pension. A tutor at college and a Museum -attache; very jocular; given to personal witticisms, which were often -aimed at Goriot. [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -CHARLES, a young prig who was killed in a duel of small arms with -Raphael de Valentin at Aix, Savoy, in 1831. Charles had boasted of -having received the title of "Bachelor of shooting" from Lepage at -Paris, and that of doctor from Lozes the "King of foils." [The Magic -Skin.] -</p> -<p> -CHARLES, <i>valet de chambre</i> of M. d'Aiglemont at Paris in 1823. The -marquis complained of his servant's carelessness. [A Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -CHARLES, footman to Comte de Montcornet at Aigues, Burgundy, in 1823. -Through no good motive he paid court to Catherine Tonsard, being -encouraged in his gallantries by Fourchon the girl's maternal -grandfather, who desired to have a spy in the chateau. In the -peasants' struggle against the people of Aigues, Charles usually sided -with the peasants: "Sprung from the people, their livery remained upon -him." [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -CHARLOTTE, a great lady, a duchess, and a widow without children. She -was loved by Marsay then only sixteen and some six years younger than -she. She deceived him and he resented by procuring her a rival. She -died young of consumption. Her husband was a statesman. [Another Study -of Woman.] -</p> -<p> -CHARLOTTE (Madame), name assumed by Mme. Chardon, in 1821 at -Angouleme, when obliged to make a living as a nurse. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -CHATELET (Sixte, Baron du), born in 1776 as plain Sixte Chatelet. -About 1806 he qualified for and later was made baron under the Empire. -His career began with a secretaryship to an Imperial princess. Later -he entered the diplomatic corps, and finally, under the Restoration, -M. de Barante selected him for director of the indirect taxes at -Angouleme. Here he met and married Mme. de Bargeton when she became a -widow in 1821. He was the prefect of the Charente. [Lost Illusions. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] In 1824 he was count and deputy. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Chatelet accompanied General Marquis -Armand de Montriveau in a perilous and famous excursion into Egypt. -[The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -CHATELET (Marie-Louise-Anais de Negrepelisse, Baronne du), born in -1785; cousin by marriage of the Marquise d'Espard; married in 1803 to -M. de Bargeton of Angouleme; widow in 1821 and married to Baron Sixte -du Chatelet, prefect of the Charente. Temporarily enamored of Lucien -de Rubempre, she attached him to her party in a journey to Paris made -necessary by provincial slanders and ambition. There she abandoned her -youthful lover at the instigation of Chatelet and of Mme. d'Espard. -[Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] In 1824, Mme. -du Chatelet attended Mme. Rabourdin's evening reception. [The -Government Clerks.] Under the direction of Abbe Niolant (or Niollant), -Madame du Chatelet, orphaned of her mother, had been reared a little -too boyishly at l'Escarbas, a small paternal estate situated near -Barbezieux. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -CHATILLONEST (De), an old soldier; father of Marquise d'Aiglemont. He -was hardly reconciled to her marriage with her cousin, the brilliant -colonel. [A Woman of Thirty.] The device of the house of Chatillonest -(or Chastillonest) was: <i>Fulgens, sequar</i> ("Shining, I follow thee"). -Jean Butscha had put this device beneath a star on his seal. [Modest -Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -CHAUDET (Antoine-Denis), sculptor and painter, born in Paris in 1763, -interested in the birth of Joseph Bridau's genius. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -CHAULIEU (Henri, Duc de), born in 1773; peer of France; one of the -gentlemen of the Court of Louis XVIII. and of that of Charles X., -principally in favor under the latter. After having been ambassador -from France to Madrid, he became Minister of Foreign Affairs at the -beginning of 1830. He had three children: the eldest was the Duc de -Rhetore; the second became Duc de Lenoncourt-Givry through his -marriage with Madeleine de Mortsauf; the third, a daughter, -Armande-Louise-Marie, married Baron de Macumer and, left a widow, -afterwards married the poet Marie Gaston. [Letters of Two Brides. -Modeste Mignon. A Bachelor's Establishment.] The Duc de Chaulieu was -on good terms with the Grandlieus and promised them to obtain the -title of marquis for Lucien de Rubempre, who was aspiring to the hand -of their daughter Clotilde. The Duc de Chaulieu resided in Paris in -very close relations with these same Grandlieus of the elder branch. -More than once he took particular interest in the family's affairs. -He employed Corentin to clear up the dark side of the life of -Clotilde's fiance. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Some time before -this M. de Chaulieu made one of the portentous conclave assembled to -extricate Mme. de Langeais, a relative of the Grandlieus, from a -serious predicament. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -CHAULIEU (Eleonore, Duchesse de), wife of the preceding. She was a -friend of M. d'Aubrion and sought to influence him to bring about the -marriage of Mlle. d'Aubrion with Charles Grandet. [Eugenie Grandet.] -For a long time she was the mistress of the poet Canalis, several -years her junior. She protected him, helping him on in the world, and -in public life, but she was very jealous and kept him under strict -surveillance. She still retained her hold of him at fifty years. Mme. -de Chaulieu gave her husband the three children designated in the -duc's biography. Her hauteur and coquetry subdued most of her maternal -sentiments. During the last year of the second Restoration, Eleonore -de Chaulieu followed on the way to Normandy, not far from Rosny, a -chase almost royal where her sentiments were fully occupied. [Letters -of Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -CHAULIEU (Armande-Louise-Marie de), daughter of Duc and Duchesse de -Chaulieu. (See Marie Gaston, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -CHAUSSARD (The Brothers), inn-keepers at Louvigny, Orne; old -game-keepers of the Troisville estate, implicated in a trial known as -the "Chauffeurs of Mortagne" in 1809. Chaussard the elder was condemned -to twenty years' hard labor, was sent to the galleys, and later was -pardoned by the Emperor. Chaussard junior was contumacious, and -therefore received sentence of death. Later he was cast into the sea -by M. de Boislaurier for having been traitorous to the Chouans. A -third Chaussard, enticed into the ranks of the police by Contenson, -was assassinated in a nocturnal affair. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -CHAVONCOURT (De), Besancon gentleman, highly thought of in the town, -representing an old parliamentary family. A deputy under Charles X., -one of the famous 221 who signed the address to the King on March 18, -1830. He was re-elected under Louis Philippe. Father of three children -but possessing a rather slender income. The family of Chavoncourt was -acquainted with the Wattevilles. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -CHAVONCOURT (Madame de), wife of the preceding and one of the beauties -of Besancon. Born about 1794; mother of three children; managed -capably the household with its slender resources. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -CHAVONCOURT (De), born in 1812. Son of M. and Mme. de Chavoncourt of -Besancon. College-mate and chum of M. de Vauchelles. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -CHAVONCOURT (Victoire de), second child and elder daughter of M. and -Mme. de Chavoncourt. Born between 1816 and 1817. M. de Vauchelles -desired to wed her in 1834. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -CHAVONCOURT (Sidonie de), third and last child of M. and Mme. de -Chavoncourt of Besancon. Born in 1818. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -CHAZELLE, clerk under the Minister of Finance, in Baudoyer's bureau, -in 1824. A benedict and wife-led, although wishing to appear his own -master. He argued without ceasing upon subjects and through causes the -idlest with Paulmier the bachelor. The one smoked, the other took -snuff; this different way of taking tobacco was one of the endless -themes between the two. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -CHELIUS, physician of Heidelberg with whom Halpersohn corresponded, -during the reign of Louis Philippe. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -CHERVIN, a police-corporal at Montegnac near Limoges in 1829. [The -Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -CHESNEL, or Choisnel, notary at Alencon, time of Louis XVIII. Born in -1753. Old attendant of the house of Gordes, also of the d'Esgrignon -family whose property he had protected during the Revolution. A -widower, childless, and possessed of a considerable fortune, he had an -aristocratic clientele, notably that of Mme. de la Chanterie. On every -hand he received that attention which his good points merited. M. du -Bousquier held him in profound hatred, blaming him with the refusal -which Mlle. d'Esgrignon had made of Du Bousquier's proffered hand in -marriage, and another check of the same nature which he experienced at -first from Mlle. Cormon. By a dexterous move in 1824 Chesnel succeeded -in rescuing Victurnien d'Esgrignon, though guilty, from the Court of -Assizes. The old notary succumbed soon after this event. [The Seamy -Side of History. Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -CHESSEL (De), owner of the chateau and estate of Frapesle near Sache -in Touraine. Friend of the Vandenesses; he introduced their son Felix -to his neighbors, the Mortsaufs. The son of a manufacturer named -Durand who became very rich during the Revolution, but whose plebeian -name he had entirely dropped; instead he adopted that of his wife, the -only heiress of the Chessels, an old parliamentary family. M. de -Chessel was director-general and twice deputy. He received the title -of count under Louis XVIII. [The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -CHESSEL (Madame de), wife of the preceding. She made up elaborate -toilettes. [The Lily of the Valley.] In 1824 she frequented Mme. -Rabourdin's Paris home. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -CHEVREL (Monsieur and Madame), founders of the house of the "Cat and -Racket," rue Saint-Denis, at the close of the eighteenth century. -Father and mother of Mme. Guillaume, whose husband succeeded to the -management of the firm. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] -</p> -<p> -CHEVREL, rich Parisian banker at the beginning of the nineteenth -century. Probably brother and brother-in-law of the foregoing. He had -a daughter who married Maitre Roguin. [At the Sign of the Cat and -Racket.] -</p> -<p> -CHIAVARI (Prince de), brother of the Duke of Vissembourg; son of -Marechal Vernon. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -CHIFFREVILLE (Monsieur and Madame), ran a very prosperous drug-store -and laboratory in Paris during the Restoration. Their partners were -MM. Protez and Cochin. This firm had frequent business dealings with -Cesar Birotteau's "Queen of Roses"; it also supplied Balthazar Claes. -[Cesar Birotteau. The Quest of the Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -CHIGI (Prince), great lord of Rome in 1758. He boasted of having "made -a soprano out of Zambinella" and disclosed the fact to Sarrasine that -this creature was not a woman. [Sarrasine.] -</p> -<p> -CHISSE (Madame de), great aunt of M. du Bruel; a grasping old -Provincial at whose home the retired dancer Tullia, now Mme. du Bruel, -was fortunate to pass a summer in a rather hypocritical religious -penance. [A Prince of Bohemia.] -</p> -<p> -CHOCARDELLE (Mademoiselle), known as Antonia; a Parisian courtesan -during the reign of Louis Philippe; born in 1814. Maxime de Trailles -spoke of her as a woman of wit; "She's a pupil of mine, indeed," said -he. About 1834, she lived on rue Helder and for fifteen days was the -mistress of M. de la Palferine. [Beatrix. A Prince of Bohemia.] For a -time she operated a reading-room that M. de Trailles had established -for her on rue Coquenard. Like Marguerite Turquet she had "well soaked -the little d'Esgrignon." [A Man of Business.] In 1838 she was present -at the "house-warming" to Josepha Mirah on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. -[Cousin Betty.] In 1839 she accompanied her lover Maxime de Trailles -to Arcis-sur-Aube to aid him in his official transactions relating to -the legislative elections. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -CHOIN (Mademoiselle), good Catholic who built a parsonage on some land -at Blangy bought expressly by her in the eighteenth century; the -property was acquired later by Rigou. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -CHOLLET (Mother), janitress of a house on rue du Sentier occupied by -Finot's paper in 1821. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -CHRESTIEN (Michel), Federalist Republican; member of the "Cenacle" of -rue des Quatre-Vents. In 1819 he and his friends were invited by the -widow Bridau to her home to celebrate the return of her elder son -Philippe from Texas. He posed as a Roman senator in a historic -picture. The painter Joseph Bridau was a friend of his. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] About 1822 Chrestien fought a duel with Lucien Chardon -de Rubempre on account of Daniel d'Arthez. He was a great though -unknown statesman. He was killed at Saint-Merri cloister on June 6, -1832, where he was defending ideas not his own. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] He became foolishly enamored of Diane de -Maufrigneuse, but did not confess his love save by a letter addressed -to her just before he went to his death at the barricade. He had saved -the life of M. de Maufrigneuse in the Revolution of July, 1830, -through love for the duchesse. [The Secrets of a Princess.] -</p> -<p> -CHRISTEMIO, creole and foster-father of Paquita Valdes, whose -protector and body-guard he constituted himself. The Marquis de -San-Real caused his death for having abetted the intimacy between -Paquita and Marsay. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -CHRISTOPHE, native of Savoy; servant of Mme. Vauquer on rue -Neuve-Saint-Genevieve, Paris, in 1819. He alone was with Rastignac -at the funeral of Goriot, accompanying the body as far as -Pere-Lachaise in the priest's carriage. [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -CIBOT, alias Galope-Chopine, also called Cibot the Great. A Chouan -implicated in the Breton insurrection of 1799. Decapitated by his -cousin Cibot, alias Pille-Miche, and by Marche-a-Terre for having -unthinkingly betrayed the brigand position to the "Blues." [The -Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -CIBOT (Barbette), wife of Cibot, alias Galope-Chopine. She went over -to the "Blues" after her husband's execution, and vowed through -vengeance to devote her son, who was still a child, to the Republican -cause. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -CIBOT (Jean), alias Pille-Miche; one of the Chouans of the Breton -insurrection of 1799; cousin of Cibot, alias Galope-Chopine, and his -murderer. Pille-Miche it was, also, who shot and killed Adjutant -Gerard of the 72d demi-brigade at the Vivetiere. [The Chouans.] -Signalized as the hardiest of the indirect allies of the brigands in -the affair of the "Chauffeurs of Mortagne." Tried and executed in -1809. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -CIBOT, born in 1786. From 1818 to 1845 he was tailor-janitor in a -house in rue de Normandie, belonging to Claude-Joseph Pillerault, -where dwelt Pons and Schmucke, the two musicians, time of Louis -Philippe. Poisoned by the pawn-broker Remonencq, Cibot died at his -post in April, 1845, on the same day of Sylvain Pons' demise. [Cousin -Pons.] -</p> -<p> -CIBOT (Madame). (See Remonencq, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -CICOGNARA, Roman Cardinal in 1758; protector of Zambinella. He caused -the assassination of Sarrasine who otherwise would have slain -Zambinella. [Sarrasine.] -</p> -<p> -CINQ-CYGNE, the name of an illustrious family of Champagne, the -younger branch of the house of Chargeboeuf. These two branches of the -same stock had a common origin in the Duineffs of the Frankish people. -The name of Cinq-Cygne arose from the defence of a castle made, in the -absence of their father, by five (<i>cinq</i>) daughters all remarkably -fair. On the blazon of the house of Cinq-Cygne is placed for device -the response of the eldest of the five sisters when summoned to -surrender: "We die singing!" [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -CINQ-CYGNE (Comtesse de), mother of Laurence de Cinq-Cygne. Widow at -the time of the Revolution. She died in the height of a nervous fever -induced by an attack on her chateau at Troyes by the populace in 1793. -[The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -CINQ-CYGNE (Marquis de), name of Adrien d'Hauteserre after his -marriage with Laurence de Cinq-Cygne. (See Hauteserre, Adrien d'.) -</p> -<p> -CINQ-CYGNE (Laurence, Comtesse, afterwards Marquise de), born in 1781. -Left an orphan at the age of twelve, she lived, at the last of the -eighteenth and the first of the nineteenth century, with her kinsman -and tutor M. d'Hauteserre at Cinq-Cygne, Aube. She was loved by both -her cousins, Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul de Simeuse, and also by the -younger of her tutor's two sons, Adrien d'Hauteserre, whom she married -in 1813. Laurence de Cinq-Cygne struggled valiantly against a cunning -and redoubtable police-agency, the soul of which was Corentin. The -King of France approved the charter of the Count of Champagne, by -virtue of which, in the family of Cinq-Cygne, a woman might "ennoble -and succeed"; therefore the husband of Laurence took the name and the -arms of his wife. Although an ardent Royalist she went to seek the -Emperor as far as the battlefield of Jena, in 1806, to ask pardon for -the two Simeuses and the two Hauteserres involved in a political trial -and condemned to hard labor, despite their innocence. Her bold move -succeeded. The Marquise de Cinq-Cygne gave her husband two children, -Paul and Berthe. This family passed the winter season at Paris in a -magnificent mansion on Faubourg du Roule. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -In 1832 Mme. de Cinq-Cygne, at the instance of the Archbishop of -Paris, consented to call on the Princesse de Cadignan who had -reformed. [The Secrets of a Princess.] In 1836 Mme. de Cinq-Cygne was -intimate with Mme. de la Chanterie. [The Seamy Side of History.] Under -the Restoration, and principally during Charles X.'s reign, Mme. de -Cinq-Cygne exercised a sort of sovereignty over the Department of the -Aube which the Comte de Gondreville counterbalanced in a measure by -his family connections and through the generosity of the department. -Some time after the death of Louis XVIII. she brought about the -election of Francois Michu as president of the Arcis Court. [The -Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -CINQ-CYGNE (Jules de), only brother of Laurence de Cinq-Cygne. He -emigrated at the outbreak of the Revolution and died for the Royalist -cause at Mayence. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -CINQ-CYGNE (Paul de), son of Laurence de Cinq-Cygne and of Adrien -d'Hauteserre; he became marquis after his father's death. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -CINQ-CYGNE (Berthe de). (See Maufrigneuse, Mme. Georges de.) -</p> -<p> -CIPREY of Provins, Seine-et-Marne; nephew of the maternal grandmother -of Pierrette Lorrain. He formed one of the family council called -together in 1828 to decide whether or not the young girl should remain -underneath Denis Rogron's roof. This council replaced Rogron with the -notary Auffray and chose Ciprey for vice-guardian. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -CLAES-MOLINA (Balthazar), Comte de Nourho; born at Douai in 1761 and -died in the same town in 1832; sprung from a famous family of Flemish -weavers, allied to a very noble Spanish family, time of Philip II. In -1795 he married Josephine de Temninck of Brussels, and lived happily -with her until 1809, at which time a Polish officer, Adam de -Wierzchownia, seeking shelter at the Claes mansion, discussed with him -the subject of chemical affinity. From that time on Balthazar, who -formerly had worked in Lavoisier's laboratory, buried himself -exclusively in the "quest of the absolute." He expended seven millions -in experiments, leaving his wife to die of neglect. From 1820 to 1825* -he was a tax-collector in Brittany—duties performed by his elder -daughter who had secured the position for him in order to divert him -from his barren labors. During this time she rehabilitated the family -fortunes. Balthazar died, almost insane, crying "Eureka!" [The Quest -of the Absolute.] -</p> -<pre> -* Given erroneously in original text as 1852.—J.W.M. -</pre> -<p> -CLAES (Josephine de Temninck, Madame), wife of Balthazar Claes; born -at Brussels in 1770, died at Douai in 1816; a native Spaniard on her -mother's side; commonly called Pepita. She was small, crooked and -lame, with heavy black hair and glowing eyes. She gave her husband -four children: Marguerite, Felicie, Gabriel (or Gustave) and -Jean-Balthazar. She was passionatley devoted to her husband, and died -of grief over his neglect of her for the scientific experiments which -never came to an end. [The Quest of the Absolute.] Mme. Claes counted -among her kin the Evangelistas of Bordeau. [A Marriage Settlement.] -</p> -<p> -CLAES (Marguerite), elder daughter of Balthazar Claes and Josephine de -Temninck. (See Solis, Madame de.) -</p> -<p> -CLAES (Felicie), second daughter of Balthazar Claes and of Josephine -de Temninck; born in 1801. (See Pierquin, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -CLAES (Gabriel or Gustave), third child of Balthazar Claes and of -Josephine de Temninck; born about 1802. He attended the College of -Douai, afterwards entering the Ecole Polytechnique, becoming an -engineer of roads and bridges. In 1825 he married Mlle. Conyncks of -Cambrai. [The Quest of the Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -CLAES (Jean-Balthazar) last child of Balthazar Claes and Josephine de -Temninck; born in the early part of the nineteenth century. [The Quest -of the Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -CLAGNY (J.-B. de), public prosecutor at Sancerre in 1836. A passionate -admirer of Dinah de la Baudraye. He got transferred to Paris when she -returned there, and became successively the substitute for the general -prosecutor, attorney-general and finally attorney-general to the Court -of Cassation. He watched over and protected the misguided woman, -consenting to act as godfather to the child she had by Lousteau. [The -Muse of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -CLAGNY (Madame de), wife of the preceding. To use an expression of M. -Gravier's, she was "ugly enough to chase a young Cossack" in 1814. -Mme. de Clagny associated with Mme. de la Baudraye. [The Muse of the -Department.] -</p> -<p> -CLAPARON, clerk for the Minister of the Interior under the Republic -and Empire. Friend of Bridau, Sr., after whose death he continued his -cordial relations with Mme. Bridau. He gave much attention to Philippe -and Joseph on their mother's account. Claparon died in 1820. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -CLAPARON (Charles), son of the preceding; born about 1790. Business -man and banker (rue de Provence); at first a commercial traveler; an -aide of F. du Tillet in transactions of somewhat shady nature. He was -invited to the famous ball given by Cesar Birotteau in honor of -Cesar's nomination to the Legion of Honor and the release of French -possessions. [A Bachelor's Establishment. Cesar Birotteau.] In 1821, -at the Bourse in Paris, he made a peculiar bargain with the cashier -Castanier, who transferred to him, in exchange for his own -individuality, the power which he had received from John Melmoth, the -Englishman. [Melmoth Reconciled.] He was interested in the third -liquidation of Nucingen in 1826, a settlement which made the fortune -of the Alsatian banker whose "man of straw" he was for some time. [The -Firm of Nucingen.] He was associated with Cerizet who deceived him in -a deal about a house sold to Thuillier. Becoming bankrupt he embarked -for America about 1840. He was probably condemned for contumacy on -account of swindling. [A Man of Business. The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -CLAPART, employe to the prefecture of the Seine during the -Restoration, at a salary of twelve hundred francs. Born about 1776. -About 1803 he married a widow Husson, aged twenty-two. At that time he -was employed in the Bureau of Finance, at a salary of eighteen hundred -francs and a promise of more. But his known incapacity held him down -to a secondary place. At the fall of the Empire he lost his position, -obtaining his new one on the recommendation of the Comte de Serizy. -Mme. Husson had by her first husband a child that was Clapart's evil -genius. In 1822 his family occupied an apartment renting for two -hundred and fifty francs at number seven rue de la Cerisaie. There he -saw much of the old pensioner Poiret. Clapart was killed by the -Fieschi attack of July 28, 1835. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -CLAPART (Madame), wife of the preceding; born in 1780; one of the -"Aspasias" of the Directory, and famous for her acquaintance with one -of the "Pentarques." He married her to Husson the contractor, who made -millions but who became bankrupt suddenly through the First Consul, -and suicided in 1802. At that time she was mistress of Moreau, steward -of M. de Serizy. Moreau was in love with her and would have made her -his wife, but just then was under sentence of death and a fugitive. -Thus it was that in her distress she married Clapart, a clerk in the -Bureau of Finance. By her first husband Mme. Clapart had a son, Oscar -Husson, whom she was bound up in, but whose boyish pranks caused her -much trouble. During the first Empire Mme. Clapart was a -lady-in-waiting to Mme. Mere—Letitia Bonaparte. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -CLARIMBAULT (Marechal de), maternal grandfather of Mme. de Beauseant. -He had married the daughter of Chevalier de Rastignac, great-uncle of -Eugene de Rastignac. [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -CLAUDE, an idiot who died in the village of Dauphine in 1829, nursed -and metamorphosed by Dr. Benassis. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -CLERETTI, an architect of Paris who was quite the fashion in 1843. -Grindot, though decadent at this time, tried to compete with him. -[Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -CLERGET (Basine), laundress at Angouleme during the Restoration, who -succeeded Mme. Prieur with whom Eve Chardon had worked. Basine Clerget -concealed David Sechard and Kolb when Sechard was pursued by the -Cointet brothers. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -CLOUSIER, retired attorney of Limoges; justice of the peace at -Montegnac after 1809. He was in touch with Mme. Graslin when she moved -there about 1830. An upright, phlegmatic man who finally led the -contemplative life of one of the ancient hermits. [The Country -Parson.] -</p> -<p> -COCHEGRUE (Jean), a Chouan who died of wounds received at the fight of -La Pelerine or at the siege of Fourgeres in 1799. Abbe Gudin said a -mass, in the forest, for the repose of Jean Cochegrue, and others -slain by the "Blues." [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -COCHET (Francoise), chambermaid of Modeste Mignon at Havre in 1829. -She received the answers to the letters addressed by Modeste to -Canalis. She had also faithfully served Bettina-Caroline, Modeste's -elder sister who took her to Paris. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -COCHIN (Emile-Louis-Lucien-Emmanuel), employe in Clergeot's division -of the Bureau of Finance during the Restoration. He had a brother who -looked after him in the administration. At this time Cochin was also a -silent partner in Matifat's drug-store. Colleville invented an anagram -on Cochin's name; with his given names it made up "Cochenille." Cochin -and his wife were in Birotteau's circle, being present with their son -at the famous ball given by the perfumer. In 1840, Cochin, now a -baron, was spoken of by Anselme Popinot as the oracle of the Lombard -and Bourdonnais quarters. [Cesar Birotteau. The Government Clerks. The -Firm of Nucingen. The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -COCHIN, (Adolphe), son of the preceding; an employe of the Minister of -Finance as his father had been for some years. In 1826 his parents -tried to obtain for him the hand of Mlle. Matifat. [Cesar Birotteau. -The Firm of Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -COFFINET, porter of a house belonging to Thuillier on rue -Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer, Paris, in 1840. His employer put him to work -in connection with the "Echo de la Bievre," when Louis-Jerome -Thuillier became editor-in-chief of this paper. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -COFFINET, (Madame), wife of the preceding. She looked after Theodose -de la Peyrade's establishment. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -COGNET, inn-keeper at Issoudun during the Restoration. House of the -"Knights of Idlesse" captained by Maxence Gilet. A former groom; born -about 1767; short, thickset, wife-led, one-eyed. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -COGNET (Madame), known as Mother Cognet, wife of the preceding; born -about 1783. A retired cook of a good house, who on account of her -"Cordon bleu" talents, was chosen to be the Leonarde of the Order -which had Maxence Gilet for chief. A tall, swarthy woman of -intelligent and pleasant demeanor. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -COINTET (Boniface), and his brother Jean, ran a thriving -printing-office at Angouleme during the Restoration. He ruined David -Sechard's shop by methods hardly honorable. Boniface Cointet was older -than Jean, and was usually called Cointet the Great. He put on the -devout. Extremely wealthy, he became deputy, was made a peer of France -and Minister of Commerce in Louis Philippe's coalition ministry. In -1842 he married Mlle. Popinot, daughter of Anselme Popinot. [Lost -Illusions. The Firm of Nucingen.] On May, 1839, he presided at the -sitting of the Chamber of Deputies when the election of Sallenauve was -ratified. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -COINTET (Jean), younger brother of the preceding; known as "Fatty" -Cointet; was foreman of the printing-office, while his brother ran the -business end. Jean Cointet passed for a good fellow and acted the -generous part. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -COLAS (Jacques), a consumptive child of a village near Grenoble, who -was attended by Dr. Benassis. His passion was singing, for which he -had a very pure voice. Lived with his mother who was poverty-stricken. -Died in the latter part of 1829 at the age of fifteen, shortly after -the death of his benefactor, the physician. A nephew of Moreau, the -old laborer. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -COLLEVILLE, son of a talented musician, once leading violin of the -Opera under Francoeur and Rebel. He himself was first clarionet at the -Opera-Comique, and at the same time chief clerk under the Minister of -Finance, and, in additon, book-keeper for a merchant from seven to -nine in the mornings. Great on anagrams. Made deputy-chief clerk in -Baudoyer's bureau when the latter was promoted to division chief. He -was preceptor at Paris six months later. In 1832 he became secretary -to the mayor of the twelfth Arrondissement and officer of the Legion -of Honor. At that time Colleville lived with his wife and family on -rue d'Enfer. He was Thuillier's most intimate friend. [The Government -Clerks. The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -COLLEVILLE (Flavie Minoret, Madame), born in 1798; wife of the -preceding; daughter of a celebrated dancer and, supposedly, of M. du -Bourguier. She made a love match and between 1816 and 1826 bore five -children, each of whom resembled and may actually have had a different -father: 1st. A daughter born in 1816, who favored Colleville. 2d. A -son, Charles, cut out for a soldier, born during his mother's -acquaintance with Charles de Gondreville, under-lieutenant of the -dragoons of Saint-Chamans. 3d. A son, Francois, destined for business, -born during Mme. Colleville's intimacy with Francois Keller, the -banker. 4th. A daughter, Celeste born in 1821, of whom Thuillier, -Colleville's best friend, was the godfather—and father <i>in partibus</i>. -(See Phellion, Mme. Felix.) 5th. A son, Theodore, or Anatole, born at -a period of religious zeal. Madame Colleville was a Parisian, piquant, -winning and pretty, as well as clever and ethereal. She made her -husband very happy. He owed all his advancement to her. In the -interests of their ambition she granted momentary favor to Chardin des -Lupeaulx, the Secretary-General. On Wednesdays she was at home to -artists and distinguished people. [The Government Clerks. Cousin -Betty. The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -COLLIN (Jacques), born in 1779. Reared by the Fathers of the Oratory. -He went as far as rhetoric, at school, and was then put in a bank by -his aunt, Jacqueline Collin. Accused, however, of a crime probably -committed by Franchessini, he fled the country. Later he was sent to -the galleys where he remained from 1810 to 1815, when he escaped and -came to Paris, stopping under the name of Vautrin at the Vauquer -pension. There he knew Rastignac, then a young man, became interested -in him, and tried to bring about his marriage with Victorine -Taillefer, for whom he procured a rich dowry by causing her brother to -be slain in a duel with Franchessini. Bibi-Lupin, chief of secret -police, arrested him in 1819 and returned him to the bagne, whence he -escaped again in 1820, reappearing in Paris as Carlos Herrera, -honorary canon of the Chapter of Toledo. At this time he rescued -Lucien de Rubempre from suicide, and took charge of the young poet. -Accused, with the latter, of having murdered Esther Gobseck, who in -truth was poisoned, Jacques Collin was acquitted of this charge, and -ended by becoming chief of secret police under the name of -Saint-Esteve, in 1830. He held this position till 1845. He finally -became wealthy, having an income of twelve thousand francs, three -hundred thousand francs inherited from Lucien de Rubempre, and the -profits of a green-leather manufactory at Gentilly. [Father Goriot. -Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life. The Member for Arcis.] In addition to the pseudonym -of M. Jules, under which he was known by Catherine Goussard, Jacques -Collin also took for a time the English name of William Barker, -creditor for Georges d'Estourny. Under this name he hoodwinked the -cunning Cerizet, inducing that "man of business" to endorse some notes -for him. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] He was also nick-named -"Trompe-la-Mort." -</p> -<p> -COLLIN, (Jacqueline), aunt of Jacques Collin, whom she had reared; -born at Java. In her youth she was Marat's mistress, and afterwards -had relations with the chemist, Duvignon, who was condemned to death -for counterfeiting in 1799. During this intimacy she attained a -dangerous knowledge of toxicology. From 1800 to 1805 she was a -clothing dealer; and from 1806 to 1808 she spent two years in prison -for having influenced minors. From 1824 to 1830 Mlle. Collin exerted a -strong influence over Jacques, alias Vautrin, toward his life of -adventure without the pale of the law. Her strong point was disguises. -In 1839 she ran a matrimonial bureau on rue de Provence, under the -name of Mme. de Saint-Esteve. She often borrowed the name of her -friend Mme. Nourrisson, who, during the time of Louis Philippe, made a -pretence of business more or less dubious on rue Neuve-Saint-Marc. She -had some dealings with Victorin Hulot, at whose instance she brought -about the overthrow of Mme. Marneffe, mistress, and afterwards wife, -of Crevel. Under the name of Asie, Jacqueline Collin made an excellent -cook for Esther Gobseck, whom she was ordered by Vautrin to watch. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Cousin Betty. The Unconscious -Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -COLLINET, grocer at Arcis-sur-Aube, time of Louis Philippe. Elector -for the Liberals headed by Colonel Giguet. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -COLLINET (Francois-Joseph), merchant of Nantes. In 1814 the political -changes brought about his business failure. He went to America, -returning in 1824 enriched, and re-established. He had caused the loss -of twenty-four thousand francs to M. and Mme. Lorrain, small retailers -of Pen-Hoel, and father and mother of Major Lorrain. But, on his -return to France, he restored to Mme. Lorrain, then a widow and almost -a septuagenarian, forty-two thousand francs, being capital and -interest of his indebtedness to her. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -COLONNA, aged Italian at Genoa, during the later part of the -eighteenth century. He had reared Luigia Porta under the name of -Colonna and as his own son, from the age of six until the time when -the young man enlisted in the French army. [The Vendetta.] -</p> -<p> -COLOQUINTE, given name of a pensioner who was "office boy" in Finot's -newspaper office in 1820. He had been through the Egyptian campaign, -losing an arm at the Battle of Montmirail. [A Bachelor's -Establishment. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -COLORAT (Jerome), estate-keeper for Mme. Graslin at Montegnac; born at -Limoges. Retired soldier of the Empire; ex-sergeant in the Royal -Guard; at one time estate-keeper for M. de Navarreins, before entering -Mme. Graslin's service. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -CONSTANCE, chambermaid for Mme. de Restaud in 1819. Through her old -Goriot knew about everything that was going on at the home of his -elder daughter. This Constance, sometimes called Victorie, took money -to her mistress when the latter needed it. [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -CONSTANT DE REBECQUE (Benjamin), born at Lausanne in 1767, died at -Paris, December 8, 1830. About the end of 1821 he is discovered in -Dauriat's book-shop at Palais-Royal, where Lucien de Rubempre noticed -his splendid head and spiritual eyes. [A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] -</p> -<p> -CONTI (Gennaro), musical composer; of Neapolitan origin, but born at -Marseilles. Lover of Mlle. des Touches—Camille Maupin—in 1821-1822. -Afterwards he paid court to Marquise Beatrix de Rochefide. [Lost -Illusions. Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -CONYNCKS, family of Bruges, who were maternal ancestors of Marguerite -Claes. In 1812 this young girl at sixteen was the living image of a -Conyncks, her grandmother whose portrait hung in Balthazar Claes' -home. A Conyncks, also of Bruges but later established at Cambrai, was -granduncle of the children of Balthazar Claes, and was appointed their -vice-guardian after the death of Mme. Claes. He had a daughter who -married Gabriel Claes. [The Quest of the Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -COQUELIN (Monsieur and Madame), hardware dealers, successors to -Claude-Joseph Pillerault in a store on quai de la Ferraille, sign of -the Golden Bell. Guests at the big ball given by Cesar Birotteau. -After getting the invitation, Mme. Coquelin ordered a magnificent gown -for the occasion. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -COQUET, chief of bureau to the Minister of War, in Lebrun's division -in 1838. Marneffe was his successor. Coquet had been in the service of -the administration since 1809, and had given perfect satisfaction. He -was a married man and his wife was still living at the time when he -was displaced. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -CORALIE (Mademoiselle), actress at the Panorama-Dramatique and at the -Theatre du Gymnase, Paris, time of Louis XVIII. Born in 1803 and -brought up a Catholic, she was nevertheless of distinct Jewish type. -She died in August, 1822. Her mother sold her at fifteen to young -Henri de Marsay, whom she abhorred and who soon deserted her. She was -then maintained by Camusot, who was not obnoxious. She fell in love -with Lucien de Rubempre at first sight, surrendering to him -immediately and being faithful to him until her dying breath. The -glory and downfall of Coralie dated from this love. An original -criticism of the young Chardon established the success of "L'Alcade -dans l'Embarras," at the Marais, and brought to Coralie, one of the -principals in the play, an engagement at Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle, -with a salary of twelve thousand francs. But here the artist stranded, -the victim of a cabal, despite the protection of Camille Maupin. At -first she was housed on rue de Vendome, afterwards in a more modest -lodging where she died, attended and nursed by her cousin, Berenice. -She had sold her elegant furniture to Cardot, Sr., on leaving the -apartment on rue de Vendome, and in order to avoid moving it, he -installed Florentine there. Coralie was the rival of Mme. Perrin and -of Mlle. Fleuriet, whom she resembled and whose destiny should have -been her own. The funeral service of Coralie took place at noon in the -little church of Notre-Dame de Bonne-Nouvelle. Camusot promised to -purchase a plot of ground for her in the cemetery of Pere-Lachaise. [A -Start in Life. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -CORBIGNY (De), prefect of Loire-et-Cher, in 1811. Friend of Mme. de -Stael who authorized him to place Louis Lambert, at her expense, in -the College of Vendome. He probably died in 1812. [Louis Lambert.] -</p> -<p> -CORBINET, notary at Soulanges, Burgundy, in 1823, and at one time an -old patron of Sibilet's. The Gravelots, lumber dealers, were clients -of his. Commissioned with the sale of Aigues, when General de -Montcornet became wearied with developing his property. At one time -known as Corbineau. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -CORBINET, court-judge at Ville-aux-Fayes in 1823; son of Corbinet the -notary. He belonged, body and soul, to Gaubertin, the all-powerful -mayor of the town. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -CORBINET, retired captain, postal director at Ville-aux-Fayes in 1823; -brother of Corbinet, the notary. The last daughter of Sibilet, the -copy-clerk, was engaged to him when she was sixteen. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -CORENTIN, born at Vendome in 1777; a police-agent of great genius, -trained by Peyrade as Louis David was by Vien. A favorite of Fouche's -and probably his natural son. In 1799 he accompanied Mlle. de Verneuil -sent to lure and betray Alphonse de Montauran, the young chief of the -Bretons who were risen against the Republic. For two years Corentin -was attached to this strange girl as a serpent to a tree. [The -Chouans.] In 1803 he and his chief, Peyrade, were entrusted with a -difficult mission in the department of Aube, where he had to search -the home of Mlle. de Cinq-Cygne. She surprised him at the moment when -he was forcing open a casket, and struck him a blow with her riding -whip. This he avenged cruelly, involving, despite their innocence, the -Hauteserres and the Simeuses, friends and cousins of the young girl. -This was during the affair of the abduction of Senator Malin. About -the same time he concluded another delicate mission to Berlin to the -satisfaction of Talleyrand, the Minister of Foreign Affairs. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] From 1824 to 1830, Corentin was pitted against -the terrible Jacques Collin, alias Vautrin, whose friendly plans in -behalf of Lucien de Rubempre he thwarted so cruelly. Corentin it was -who rendered futile the contemplated marriage of the aspirant with -Clotilde de Grandlieu, bringing about as a consequence the absolute -ruin of the "distinguished provincial at Paris." He rusticated at -Passy, rue des Vignes, about May, 1830. Under Charles X., Corentin was -chief of the political police of the chateau. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] For more than thirty years he lived on rue -Honore-Chevalier under the name of M. du Portail. He sheltered Lydie, -daughter of his friend, Peyrade, after the death of the old -police-agent. About 1840 he brought about her marriage with Theodose de -la Peyrade, nephew of Peyrade, after having upset the plans of the very -astute young man, greatly in love with Celeste Colleville's dowry. -Corentin—M. du Portail—then installed the chosen husband of his -adopted child into his own high official duties. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -CORMON (Rose-Marie-Victoire). (See Bousquier, Madame du.) -</p> -<p> -CORNEVIN, an old native of Perche; foster-father of Olympe Michaud. He -was with the Chouans in 1794 and 1799. In 1823 he was servant at -Michaud's. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -CORNOILLER (Antoine), game-keeper at Saumur; married the sturdy Nanon -then fifty-nine years old, after the death of Grandet, about 1827, and -became general overseer of lands and properties of Eugenie Grandet. -[Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -CORNOILLER (Madame). (See Nanon.) -</p> -<p> -COTTEREAU, well-known smuggler, one of the heads of the Breton -insurrection. In 1799 he was principal in a rather stormy scene at the -Vivetiere, when he threatened the Marquis de Montauran with swearing -allegiance to the First Consul if he did not immediately obtain -noteworthy advantages in payment of seven years of devoted service to -"the good cause." "My men and I have a devilish importunate creditor," -said he, slapping his stomach. One of the brothers of Jean Cottereau, -was nick-named the "Chouan," a title used by all the Western rebels -against the Republic. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -COTTIN (Marechal), Prince of Wissembourg; Duke of Orfano; old soldier -of the Republic and the Empire; Minister of War in 1841; born in 1771. -He was obliged to bring great shame upon his old friend and -companion-in-arms, Marshal Hulot, by advising him of the swindling of -the commissariat, Hulot d'Ervy. Marshal Cottin and Nucingen were -witnesses at the wedding of Hortense Hulot and Wenceslas Steinbock. -[Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -COTTIN (Francine), a Breton woman, probably born at Fougeres in 1773; -chambermaid and confidante of Mlle. de Verneuil, who had been reared -by Francine's parents. Childhood's friend of Marche-a-Terre, with whom -she used her influence to save the life of her mistress during the -massacre of the "Blues" at the Vivitiere in 1799. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -COUDRAI (Du), register of mortgages at Alencon, time of Louis XVIII. A -caller at the home of Mlle. Cormon, and afterwards at that of M. du -Bousquier, who married "the old maid." One of the town's most -open-hearted men; his only faults were having married a rich old lady -who was unendurable, and the habit of making villainous puns at which -he was first to laugh. In 1824 M. du Coudrai was poverty-stricken; he -had lost his place on account of voting the wrong way. [Jealousies of -a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -COUPIAU, Breton courier from Mayenne to Fougeres in 1799. In the -struggle between the "Blues" and the Chouans he took no part, but -acted as circumstances demanded and for his own interests. Indeed he -offered no resistance when the "Brigands" stole the government chests. -Coupiau was nick-named Mene-a-Bien by Marche-a-Terre the Chouan. [The -Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -COUPIAU (Sulpice), Chouan and probably the father of Coupiau the -messenger. Killed in 1799 in the battle of La Pelerine or at the seige -of Fougeres. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -COURAND (Jenny), florist; mistress of Felix Gaudissart in 1831. At -that time she lived in Paris on rue d'Artois. [Gaudissart the Great.] -</p> -<p> -COURCEUIL (Felix), of Alencon, retired army surgeon of the Rebel -forces of the Vendee. In 1809 he furnished arms to the "Brigands." -Involved in the trial known as "Chauffeurs of Mortagne." Condemned to -death for contumacy. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -COURNANT, notary at Provins in 1827; rival of Auffray, the notary; of -the Opposition; one of the few public-spirited men of the little town. -[Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -COURTECUISSE, game-keeper of the Aigues estate in Burgundy under the -Empire and Restoration until 1823. Born about 1777; at first in the -service of Mlle. Laguerre; discharged by General de Montcornet for -absolute incapacity, and replaced by keepers who were trusty and true. -Courtecuisse was a little fellow with a face like a full moon. He was -never so happy as when idle. On leaving he demanded a sum of eleven -hundred francs which was not due him. His master indignantly denied -his claim at first, but yielded the point, however, on being -threatened with a lawsuit, the scandal of which he wished to avoid. -Courtecuisse, out of a job, purchased from Rigou for two thousand -francs the little property of La Bachelerie, enclosed in the Aigues -estate, and wearied himself, without gain, in the management of his -land. He had a daughter who was tolerably pretty and eighteen years -old in 1823. At this time she was in the service of Mme. Mariotte the -elder, at Auxerre. Courtecuisse was given the sobriquet of -"Courtebotte"—short-boot. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -COURTECUISSE (Madame), wife of the preceding; in abject fear of the -miser, Gregoire Rigou, mayor of Blangy, Burgundy. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -COURTEVILLE (Madame de), cousin of Comte de Bauvan on the maternal -side; widow of a judge of the Seine Court. She had a very beautiful -daughter, Amelie, whom the comte wished to marry to his secretary, -Maurice de l'Hostal. [Honorine.] -</p> -<p> -COURTOIS, Marsac miller, near Angouleme during the Restoration. In -1821 rumor had it that he intended to wed a miller's widow, his -patroness, who was thirty-two years old. She had one hundred thousand -francs in her own right. David Sechard was advised by his father to -ask the hand of this rich widow. At the end of 1822 Courtois, now -married, sheltered Lucien de Rubempre, returning almost dead from -Paris. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -COURTOIS (Madame), wife of the preceding, who cared sympathetically -for Lucien de Rubempre, on his return. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -COUSSARD (Laurent). (See Goussard, Laurent.) -</p> -<p> -COUTELIER, a creditor of Maxime de Trailles. The Coutelier credit, -purchased for five hundred francs by the Claparon-Cerizet firm, came -to thirty-two hundred francs, seventy-five centimes, capital, interest -and costs. It was recovered by Cerizet by means of a strategy worthy -of a Scapin. [A Man of Business.] -</p> -<p> -COUTURE, a kind of financier-journalist of an equivocal reputation; -born about 1797. One of Mme. Schontz's earliest friends; and she alone -remained faithful to him when he was ruined by the downfall of the -ministry of March 1st, 1840. Couture was always welcome at the home of -the courtesan, who dreamed, perhaps, of making him her husband. But he -presented Fabien du Ronceret to her and the "lorette" married him. In -1836, in company with Finot and Blondet, he was present in a private -room of a well-known restaurant when Jean-Jacques Bixiou related the -origin of the Nucingen fortune. At the time of his transient wealth -Couture splendidly maintained Jenny Cadine. At one time he was -celebrated for his waistcoats. He had no known relationship with the -widow Couture. [Beatrix. The Firm of Nucingen.] The financier drew -upon himself the hatred of Cerizet for having deceived him in a deal -about the purchase of lands and houses situated in the suburbs of the -Madeleine, an affair in which Jerome Thuillier was afterwards -concerned. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -COUTURE (Madame), widow of an ordonnance-commissary of the French -Republic. Relative and protectress of Mlle. Victorine Taillefer with -whom she lived at the Vauquer pension, in 1819. [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -COUTURIER (Abbe), curate of Saint-Leonard church at Alencon, time of -Louis XVIII. Spiritual adviser of Mlle. Cormon, remaining her -confessor after her marriage with Du Bousquier, and influencing her in -the way of excessive penances. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -CREMIERE, tax-collector at Nemours during the Restoration. Nephew by -marriage of Dr. Minoret, who had secured the position for him, -furnishing his security. One of the three collateral heirs of the old -physician, the two others being Minoret-Levrault, the postmaster, and -Massin-Levrault, copy-clerk to the justice of the peace. In the -curious branching of these four Gatinais bourgeois families—the -Minorets, the Massins, the Levraults and the Cremieres—the tax -collector belonged to the Cremiere-Cremiere branch. He had several -children, among others a daughter named Angelique. After the -Revolution of July, 1830, he became municipal councillor. [Ursule -Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -CREMIERE (Madame), nee Massin-Massin, wife of the tax-collector, and -niece of Dr. Minoret—that is, daughter of the old physician's sister. -A stout woman with a muddy blonde complexion splotched with freckles. -Passed for an educated person on account of her novel-reading. Her -<i>lapsi linguoe</i> were maliciously spread abroad by Goupil, the notary's -clerk, who labelled them, "Capsulinguettes"; indeed, Mme. Cremiere -thus translated the two Latin words. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -CREMIERE-DIONIS, always called Dionis, which name see. -</p> -<p> -CREVEL (Celestin), born between 1786 and 1788; clerked for Cesar -Birotteau the perfumer—first as second clerk, then as head-clerk when -Popinot left the house to set up in business for himself. After his -patron's failure in 1819, he purchased for five thousand seven hundred -francs, "The Queen of Roses," making his own fortune thereby. During -the reign of Louis Philippe he lived on his income. Captain, then -chief of battalion in the National Guard; officer of the Legion of -Honor; mayor of one of the arrondissements of Paris, he ended up by -being a very great personage. He had married the daughter of a farmer -of Brie; became a widower in 1833, when he gave himself over to a life -of pleasure. He maintained Josepha, who was taken away from him by his -friend, Baron Hulot. To avenge himself he tried to win Mme. Hulot. He -"protected" Heloise Brisetout. Finally he was smitten with Mme. -Marneffe, whom he had for mistress and afterwards married when she -became a widow in 1843. In May of this same year, Crevel and his wife -died of a horrible disease which had been communicated to Valerie by a -negro belonging to Montes the Brazilian. In 1838 Crevel lived on rue -des Saussaies; at the same time he owned a little house on rue du -Dauphin, where he had prepared a secret chamber for Mme. Marneffe; -this last house he leased to Maxime de Trailles. Besides these Crevel -owned: a house on rue Barbet de Jouy; the Presles property bought of -Mme. de Serizy at a cost of three million francs. He caused himself to -be made a member of the General Council of Seine-et-Oise. By his first -marriage he had an only daughter, Celestine, who married Victorin -Hulot. [Cesar Birotteau. Cousin Betty.] In 1844-1845 Crevel owned a -share in the management of the theatre directed by Gaudissart. [Cousin -Pons.] -</p> -<p> -CREVEL (Celestine), only child of the first marriage of the preceding. -(See Hulot, Mme. Victorin.) -</p> -<p> -CREVEL (Madame Celestin), born Valerie Fortin in 1815; natural -daughter of the Comte de Montcornet, marshal of France; married, first -Marneffe, an employe in the War Office, with whom she broke faith by -agreement with the clerk; and second, Celestin Crevel. She bore -Marneffe a child, a stunted, scrawny urchin named Stanislas. An -intimate friend of Lisbeth Fischer who utilized Valerie's irresistible -attractions for the satisfying of her hatred towards her rich -relatives. At this time Mme. Marneffe belonged jointly to Marneffe, to -the Brazilian Montes, to Steinbock the Pole, to Celestin Crevel and to -Baron Hulot. Each of these she held responsible for a child born in -1841, and which died on coming into the world. By prearrangement, she -was surprised with Hulot by the police-commissioners, during this -period, in Crevel's cottage on rue du Dauphin. After having lived with -Marneffe on rue du Doyenne in the house occuped by Lisbeth Fischer -—"Cousin Betty"—she was installed by Baron Hulot on rue Vaneau; then -by Crevel in a mansion on rue Barbet-de-Jouy. She died in 1843, two -days prior to Celestin. She perished while trying to "cajole God"—to -use her own expression. She bequeathed, as a restitution, 300,000 -francs to Hector Hulot. Valerie Marneffe did not lack spirit. Claude -Vignon, the great critic, especially appreciated this woman's -intellectual depravity. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -CROCHARD, Opera dancer in the second half of the eighteenth century. -Director of theatrical evolutions. He commanded a band of assailants -upon the Bastile, July 14, 1789; became an officer, a colonel, dying -of wounds received at Lutzen, May 2, 1813. [A Second Home.] -</p> -<p> -CROCHARD (Madame), widow of the preceding. Before the Revolution she -had sung with her husband in the chorus. In 1815 she lived wretchedly -with her daughter Caroline, following the embroiderer's trade, in a -house on rue du Tourniquet-Saint-Jean, which belonged to Molineux. -Wishing to find a protector for her daughter, Caroline, Mme. Crochard -favored the attentions of the Comte de Granville. He rewarded her with -a life-annuity of three thousand francs. She died, in 1822, in a -comfortable lodging on rue Saint-Louis at Marais. She constantly wore -on her breast the cross of chevalier of the Legion of Honor conferred -on her husband by the Emperor. The widow Crochard, watched by an eager -circle, received, at her last moments, a visit from Abbe Fontanon, -confessor of the Comtesse de Granville, and was greatly troubled by -the prelate's proceedings. [A Second Home.] -</p> -<p> -CROCHARD (Caroline), daughter of the proceding; born in 1797. For -several years during the Restoration she was the mistress of Comte de -Granville; at that time she was known as Mlle. de Bellefeuille, from -the name of a small piece of property at Gatinais given to the young -woman by an uncle of the comte who had taken a liking to her. Her -lover installed her in an elegant apartment on rue Taitbout, where -Esther Gobseck afterwards lived. Caroline Crochard abandoned M. de -Granville and a good position for a needy young fellow named Solvet, -who ran through with all her property. Sick and poverty-stricken in -1833, she lived in a wretched two-story house on rue Gaillon. She gave -the Comte de Granville a son, Charles, and a daughter, Eugenie. [A -Second Home.] -</p> -<p> -CROCHARD (Charles), illegitimate child of Comte de Granville and -Caroline Crochard. In 1833 he was apprehended for a considerable -theft, when he appealed to his father through the agency of Eugene de -Granville, his half-brother. The comte gave the latter money enough to -clear up the miserable business, if such were possible. [A Second -Home.] The theft in question was committed at the home of Mlle. -Beaumesnil. He carried off her diamonds. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -CROISIER (Du). (See Bousquier, Du.) -</p> -<p> -CROIZEAU, former coachmaker to Bonaparte's Imperial court; had an -income of about forty thousand francs; lived on rue Buffault; a -widower without children. He was a constant visitor at Antonia -Chocardelle's reading-room on rue Coquenard, time of Louis Philippe, -and he offered to marry the "charming woman." [A Man of Business.] -</p> -<p> -CROTTAT (Monsieur and Madame), retired farmers; parents of the notary -Crottat, assassinated by some thieves, among them being the notorious -Dannepont, alias La Pouraille. The trial of this crime was called in -May, 1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] They were well-to-do folk -and, according to Cesar Birotteau who knew them, old man Crottat was -as "close as a snail." [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -CROTTAT (Alexandre), head-clerk of Maitre Roguin, and his successor in -1819, after the flight of the notary. He married the daughter of -Lourdois, the painting-contractor. Cesar Birotteau thought for a time -of making him his son-in-law. He called him, familiarly, "Xandrot." -Alexandre Crottat was a guest at the famous ball given by the perfumer -in December, 1818. He was in friendly relations with Derville, the -attorney, who commissioned him with a sort of half-pay for Colonel -Chabert. He was also Comtesse Ferraud's notary at this time. [Cesar -Birotteau. Colonel Chabert.] In 1822 he was notary to Comte de Serizy. -[A Start in Life.] He was also notary to Charles de Vandenesse; and -one evening, at the home of the marquis, he made some awkward -allusions which undoubtedly recalled unpleasant memories to his client -and Mme. d'Aiglemont. Upon his return home he narrated the particulars -to his wife, who chided him sharply. [A Woman of Thirty.] Alexandre -Crottat and Leopold Hannequin signed the will dictated by Sylvain Pons -on his death-bed. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -CRUCHOT (Abbe), priest of Saumur; dignitary of the Chapter of -Saint-Martin of Tours; brother of Cruchot, the notary; uncle of -President Cruchot de Bonfons; the Talleyrand of his family; after much -angling he induced Eugenie Grandet to wed the president in 1827. -[Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -CRUCHOT, notary at Saumur during the Restoration; brother of Abbe -Cruchot; uncle of President Cruchot de Bonfons. He as well as the -prelate was much concerned with making the match between his nephew -and Eugenie Grandet. The young girl's father entrusted M. Cruchot with -his usurious dealings and probably with all his money matters. -[Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -CURIEUX (Catherine). (See Farrabesche, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -CYDALISE, magnificent woman of Valognes, Normandy, who launched out in -Paris in 1840 to make capital out of her beauty. Born in 1824, she was -then only sixteen. She served as an instrument for Montes the -Brazilian who, in order to avenge himself on Mme. Marneffe—now Mme. -Crevel—inoculated the young girl with a terrible disease through one -of his negroes. He in turn obtained it from Cydalise and transmitted -it to the faithless Valerie who died as also did her husband. Cydalise -probably accompanied Montes to Brazil, the only place where this -horrible ailment is curable. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0007"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - D -</h2> -<p> -DALLOT, mason in the suburbs of l'Isle-Adam in the early days of the -Restoration, who was to marry a peasant woman of small wit named -Genevieve. After having courted her for the sake of her little -property, he deserted her for a woman of more means and also of a -sharper intelligence. This separation was so cruel a blow to Genevieve -that she became idiotic. [Farewell.] -</p> -<p> -DANNEPONT, alias La Pouraille, one of the assassins of M. and Mme. -Crottat. Imprisoned for his crime in 1830 at the Conciergerie, and -under sentence of capital punishment; an escaped convict who had been -sought on account of other crimes by the police for five years past. -Born about 1785 and sent to the galleys at the age of nineteen. There -he had known Jacques Collin—Vautrin. Riganson, Selerier and he formed -a sort of triumvirate. A short, skinny, dried-up fellow with a face -like a marten. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -DAUPHIN, pastry-cook of Arcis-sur-Aube; well-known Republican. In -1830, in an electoral caucus, he questioned Sallenauve, a candidate -for deputy, about Danton. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -DAURIAT, editor and bookman of Paris, on Palais-Royale, Galleries de -Bois during the Restoration. He purchased for three thousand francs a -collection of sonnets "Marguerites" from Lucien de Rubempre, who had -scored a book of Nathan's. But he did not publish the sonnets until a -long time afterwards, and with a success that the author declared to -be posthumous. Dauriat's shop was the rendezvous of writers and -politicians of note at this time. [A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Dauriat, who was Canalis' -publisher, was asked in 1829 by Modeste Mignon for personal -information concerning the poet, to which he made a rather ironical -reply. In speaking of celebrated authors Dauriat was wont to say, "I -have made Canalis. I have made Nathan." [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -DAVID (Madame), woman living in the outskirts of Brives, who died of -fright on account of the Chauffeurs, time of the Directory. [The -Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -DELBECQ, secretary and steward of Comte Ferraud during the -Restoration. Retired attorney. A capable, ambitious man in the service -of the countess, whom he aided to rid herself of Colonel Chabert when -that officer claimed his former wife. [Colonel Chabert.] -</p> -<p> -DENISART, name assumed by Cerizet. -</p> -<p> -DERVILLE, attorney at Paris, rue Vivienne, from 1819 to 1840. Born in -1794, the seventh child of an insignificant bourgeois of Noyon. In -1816 he was only second clerk and dwelt on rue des Gres, having for a -neighbor the well-known usurer Gobseck, who later advanced him one -hundred and fifty thousand francs at 15 per cent., with which he -purchased the practice of his patron, a man of pleasure now somewhat -short of funds. Through Gobseck he met his future wife, Jenny Malvaut; -through the same man he learned the Restaud secrets. In the winter of -1829-1830 he told of their troubles to the Vicomtesse de Grandlieu. -Derville had re-established the fortune of the feminine representative -of the Grandlieu's younger branch, at the time of the Bourbon's -re-entry, and therefore was on a friendly footing at her home. -[Gobseck.] He had been a clerk at Bordin's. [A Start in Life. The -Gondreville Mystery.] He was attorney for Colonel Chabert who sought -his conjugal rights with Comtesse Ferraud. He became keenly interested -in the old officer, aiding him and being greatly grieved when, some -years later, he found him plunged into idiocy in the Bicetre hospital. -[Colonel Chabert.] Derville was also attorney for Comte de Serizy, -Mme. de Nucingen and the Ducs de Grandlieu and de Chaulieu, whose -entire confidence he possessed. In 1830, under the name of Saint-Denis, -he and Corentin inquired of the Sechards at Angouleme concerning the -real resources of Lucien de Rubempre. [Father Goriot. Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -DERVILLE (Madame), born Jenny Malvaut; wife of Derville the attorney; -young Parisian girl, though born in the country. In 1826 she lived -alone, but maintaining a virtuous life, supported by her work. She was -on the fifth floor of a gloomy house on rue Montmartre, where Gobseck -had called to collect a note signed by her. He pointed her out to -Derville, who married her without a dowry. Later she inherited from an -uncle, a farmer who had become wealthy, seventy thousand francs with -which she aided her husband to cancel his debt with Gobseck. -[Gobseck.] Being anxious for an invitation to the ball given by -Birotteau, she paid a rather unexpected visit to the perfumer's wife. -She made much of the latter and of Mlle. Birotteau, and was invited -with her husband to the festivities. It appears that some years before -her marriage she had worked as dressmaker for the Birotteaus. [Cesar -Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -DESCOINGS (Monsieur and Madame), father-in-law and mother-in-law of -Dr. Rouget of Issoudun. Dealers in wool, acting as selling agents for -owners, and buying agents for fleece merchants of Berry. They also -bought state lands. Rich and miserly. Died during the Republic within -two years of each other and before 1799. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -DESCOINGS, son of the preceding; younger brother of Mme. Rouget, the -doctor's wife; grocer at Paris, on rue Saint-Honore, not far from -Robespierre's quarters. Descoings had married for love the widow of -Bixiou, his predecessor. She was twelve years his senior but well -preserved and "plump as a thrush after harvest." Accused of -foreclosing, he was sent to the scaffold, in company with Andre -Chenier, on the seventh Thermidor of year 2, July 25, 1794. The death -of the grocer caused a greater sensation than did that of the poet. -Cesar Birotteau moved the plant of the perfumery "Queen of Roses" into -Descoings' shop around 1800. The successor of the executed man managed -his business badly; the inventor of the the "Eau Carminative" went -bankrupt. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -DESCOINGS (Madame), born in 1744; widow of two husbands, Bixiou and -Descoings, the latter succeeding the former in the grocer shop on rue -Saint-Honore, Paris. Grandmother of Jean-Jacques Bixiou, the -cartoonist. After the death of M. Bridau, chief of division in the -Department of the Interior, Mme. Descoings, now a widow, came in 1819 -to live with her niece, the widow Bridau, nee Agathe Rouget, bringing -to the common fund an income of six thousand francs. An excellent -woman, known in her day as "the pretty grocer." She ran the household, -but had likewise a decided mania for lottery, and always for the same -numbers; she "nursed a trey." She ended by ruining her niece who had -blindly entrusted her interests to her, but Mme. Descoings repaid for -her foolish doings by an absolute devotion,—all the while continuing -to place her money on the evasive combinations. One day her hoardings -were stolen from her mattress by Philippe Bridau. On this account she -was unable to renew her lottery tickets. Then it was that the famous -trey turned up. Madame Descoings died of grief, December 31, 1821. Had -it not been for the theft she would have become a millionaire. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -DESFONDRILLES, substitute judge at Provins during the Restoration; -made president of the court of that town, time of Louis Philippe. An -old fellow more archaeologist than judge, who found delight in the -petty squabbles under his eyes. He forsook Tiphaine's party for the -Liberals headed by lawyer Vinet. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -DESLANDES, surgeon of Azay-le-Rideau in 1817. Called in to bleed Mme. -de Mortsauf, whose life was saved by this operation. [The Lily of the -Valley.] -</p> -<p> -DESMARETS (Jules), Parisian stock-broker under the Restoration. -Hardworking and upright, being reared in sternness and poverty. When -only a clerk he fell in love with a charming young girl met at his -patron's home, and he married her despite the irregularity connected -with her birth. With the money he obtained by his wife's mother he was -able to purchase the position of the stock-broker for whom he had -clerked; and for several years he was very happy in a mutual love and -a liberal competence—an income of two hundred and fifty thousand -francs. In 1820 he and his wife lived in a large mansion on rue -Menars. In the early years of his wedded life he killed in a duel -—though unknown to his wife—a man who had vilified Mme. Desmarets. -The flawless happiness which abode with this well-mated couple was cut -short by the death of the wife, mortally wounded by a doubt, held for -a moment only by her husband, concerning her faithfulness. Desmarets, -bereaved, sold his place to Martin Falleix's brother and left Paris in -despair. [The Thirteen.] M. and Mme. Desmarets were invited to the -famous ball given by Cesar Birotteau in 1818. After the bankruptcy of -the perfumer, the broker kindly gave him useful tips about placing -funds laboriously scraped together towards the complete reimbursing of -the creditors. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -DESMARETS (Madame Jules), wife of the preceding; natural daughter of -Bourignard alias Ferragus, and of a married woman who passed for her -godmother. She had no civil status, but when she married Jules -Desmarets her name, Clemence, and her age were publicly announced. -Despite herself, Mme. Desmarets was loved by a young officer of the -Royal Guard, Auguste de Maulincour. Mme. Desmaret's secret visits to -her father, a man of mystery, unknown to her husband, caused the -downfall of their absolute happiness. Desmarets thought himself -deceived, and she died on account of his suspicions, in 1820 or 1821. -The remains of Clemence were placed at first in Pere Lachaise, but -afterwards were disinterred, incinerated and sent to Jules Desmarets -by Bourignard, assisted by twelve friends who thus thought to dull the -edge of the keenest of conjugal sorrows. [The Thirteen.] M. and Mme. -Desmarets were often alluded to as M. and Mme. Jules. At the ball -given by Cesar Birotteau, Mme. Desmarets shone as the most beautiful -woman, according to the perfumer's wife herself. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -DESMARETS, Parisian notary during the Restoration; elder brother of -the broker, Jules Desmarets. The notary was set up in business by his -younger brother and grew rich rapidly. He received his brother's will. -He accompanied him to Mme. Desmarets' funeral. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -DESPLEIN, famous surgeon of Paris, born about the middle of the -eighteenth century. Sprung of a poor provincial family, he spent a -youth full of suffering, being enabled to pass his examinations only -through assistance rendered him by his neighbor in poverty, Bourgeat -the water-carrier. For two years he lived with him on the sixth floor -of a wretched house on rue des Quatre-Vents, where later was -established the "Cenacle" with Daniel d'Arthez as host—on which -account the house came to be spoken of as the "bowl for great men." -Desplein, evicted by his landlord whom he could not pay, lodged next -with his friend the Auvergnat in the Court de Rohan, Passage du -Commerce. Afterwards, when an "intern" at Hotel-Dieu, he remembered -the good deeds of Bourgeat, nursed him as a devoted son, and, in the -time of the Empire, established in honor of this simple man who -professed religious sentiments a quarterly mass at Saint-Sulpice, at -which he piously assisted, though himself an outspoken atheist. [The -Atheist's Mass.] In 1806 Desplein had predicted speedy death for an -old fellow then fifty-six years old, but who was still alive in 1846. -[Cousin Pons.] The surgeon was present at the death caused by despair -of M. Chardon, an old military doctor. [Lost Illusions.] Desplein -attended the last hours of Mme. Jules Desmarets, who died in 1820 or -1821; also of the chief of division, Flamet de la Billardiere, who -died in 1824. [The Thirteen. The Government Clerks.] In March, 1828, -at Provins, he performed an operation of trepanning on Pierrette -Lorrain. [Pierrette.] In the same year he undertook a bold operation -upon Mme. Philippe Bridau whose abuse of strong drink had induced a -"magnificent malady" that he believed had disappeared. This operation -was reported in the "Gazette des Hopitaux;" but the patient died. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] In 1829 Desplein was summoned on behalf of -Vanda de Mergi, daughter of Baron de Bourlac. [The Seamy Side of -History.] In the latter part of the same year he operated successfully -upon Mme. Mignon for blindness. In February, 1830, on account of the -foregoing, he was a witness at Modeste Mignon's wedding with Ernest de -la Briere. [Modeste Mignon.] In the beginning of the same yaer, 1830, -he was called by Corentin to visit Baron de Nucingen, love-sick for -Esther Gobseck; and Mme. de Serizy ill on account of the suicide of -Lucien de Rubempre. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] He and his -assistant, Bianchon, waited on Mme. de Bauvan, who was on the verge of -death at the close of 1830 and beginning of 1831. [Honorine.] Desplein -had an only daughter whose marriage in 1829 was arranged with the -Prince of Loudon. -</p> -<p> -DESROCHES, clerk of the Minister of the Interior under the Empire; -friend of Bridau Senior, who had procured him the position. He was -also on friendly terms with the chief's widow, at whose home he met, -nearly every evening, his colleagues Du Bruel and Claparon. A dry, -crusty man, who would never become sub-chief, despite his ability. He -earned only one thousand eight hundred francs by running a department -for stamped paper. Retired after the second return of Louis XVIII., he -talked of entering as chief of bureau into an insurance company with a -graduated salary. In 1821, despite his scarcely tender disposition, -Desroches undertook with much discretion and confidence to extricate -Philippe Bridau out of a predicament—the latter having made a "loan" -on the cash-box of the newspaper for which he was working; he brought -about his resignation without any scandal. Desroches was a man of good -"judgment." He remained to the last a friend of the widow Bridau after -the death of MM. du Bruel and Claparon. He was a persistent fisherman. -[A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -DESROCHES (Madame), wife of the preceding. A widow, in 1826, she -sought the hand of Mlle. Matifat for her son, Desroches the attorney. -[The Firm of Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -DESROCHES, son of the two foregoing; born about 1795, reared strictly -by a very harsh father. He went into Derville's office as fourth clerk -in 1818, and on the following year passed to the second clerkship. He -saw Colonel Chabert at Derville's. In 1821 or 1822 he purchased a -lawyer's office with bare title on rue de Bethizy. He was shrewd and -quick and therefore was not long in finding a clientele composed of -litterateurs, artists, actresses, famous lorettes and elegant -Bohemians. He was counsellor for Agathe and Joseph Bridau, and also -gave excellent advice to Philippe Bridau who was setting out for -Issoudun about 1822. [A Bachelor's Establishment. Colonel Chabert. A -Start in Life.] Desroches was advocate for Charles de Vandenesse, -pleading against his brother Felix; for the Marquise d'Espard, seeking -interdiction against her husband; and for the Secretary-General -Chardin des Lupeaulx, with whom he counseled astutely. [A Woman of -Thirty. The Commission in Lunacy. The Government Clerks.] Lucien de -Rubempre consulted Desroches about the seizure of the furniture of -Coralie, his mistress, in 1822. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -Vautrin appreciated the attorney; he said that the latter would be -able to "recover" the Rubempre property, to improve it and make it -capable of yielding Lucien an income of thirty thousand francs, which -would probably have allowed him to wed Clotilde de Grandlieu. [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life.] In 1826 Desroches made a short-lived attempt -to marry Malvina d'Aldrigger. [The Firm of Nucingen.] About 1840 he -related, at Mlle. Turquet's—Malaga's—home, then maintained by Cardot -the notary, and in the presence of Bixiou, Lousteau and Nathan, who -were invited by the tabellion, the tricks employed by Cerizet to -obtain the face value of a note out of Maxime de Trailles. [A Man of -Business.] Indeed, Desroches was Cerizet's lawyer when the latter had -a quarrel with Theodose de la Peyrade in 1840. He also looked after -the interests of the contractor, Sauvaignou, at the same time. [The -Middle Classes.] Desroches' office was probably located for a time on -rue de Buci. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -DESROYS, clerk with the Minister of Finance in Baudoyer's bureau, -under the Restoration. The son of a Conventionalist who had not -favored the King's death. A Republican; friend of Michel Chrestien. He -did not associate with any of his colleagues, but kept his manner of -life so concealed that none knew where he lived. In December, 1824, he -was discharged because of his opinions concerning the denunciation of -Dutocq. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -DESROZIERS, musician; prize-winner at Rome; died in that city through -typhoid fever in 1836. Friend of the sculptor Dorlange, to whom he -recounted the story of Zambinella, the death of Sarrasine and the -marriage of the Count of Lanty. Desroziers gave music lessons to -Marianina, daughter of the count. The musician employed his friend, -who was momentarily in need of money, to undertake a copy of a statue -of Adonis, which reproduced Zambinella's features. This copy he sold -to M. de Lanty. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -DESROZIERS, printer at Moulins, department of the Allier. After 1830 -he published a small volume containing the works of "Jan Diaz, son of -a Spanish prisoner, and born in 1807 at Bourges." This volume had an -introductory sketch on Jan Diaz by M. de Clagny. [The Muse of the -Department.] -</p> -<p> -DEY (Comtesse de), born about 1755. Widow of a lieutenant-general -retired to Carentan, department of the Manche, where she died suddenly -in November, 1793, through a shock to her maternal sensibilities. [The -Conscript.] -</p> -<p> -DEY (Auguste, Comte de), only son of Mme. de Dey. Made lieutenant of -the dragoons when only eighteen, and followed the princes in -emigration as a point of honor. He was idolized by his mother, who had -remained in France in order to preserve his fortune for him. He -participated in the Granville expedition. Imprisoned as a result of -this affair, he wrote Mme. de Dey that he would arrive at her home, -disguised and a fugitive, within three days' time. But he was shot in -the Morbihan at the exact moment when his mother expired from the -shock of having received instead of her son the conscript Julien -Jussieu. [The Conscript.] -</p> -<p> -DIARD (Pierre-Francois), born in the suburbs of Nice; the son of a -merchant-provost; quartermaster of the Sixth regiment of the line, in -1808, then chief of battalion in the Imperial Guard; retired with this -rank on account of a rather severe wound received in Germany; -afterwards an administrator and business man; excessive gambler. -Husband of Juana Mancini who had been the mistress of Captain -Montefiore, Diard's most intimate friend. In 1823, at Bordeaux, Diard -killed and robbed Montefiore, whom he met by accident. Upon his return -home he confessed his crime to his wife who vainly besought him to -commit suicide; and she herself finally blew out his brains with a -pistol shot. [The Maranas.] -</p> -<p> -DIARD (Maria-Juana-Pepita), daughter of La Marana, a Venetian -courtesan, and a young Italian nobleman, Mancini, who acknowledged -her. Wife of Pierre-Francois Diard whom she accepted on her mother's -request, after having given herself to Montefiore who did not wish to -marry her. Juana had been reared very strictly in the Spanish home of -Perez de Lagounia, at Tarragone, and she bore her father's name. She -was the descendant of a long line of courtesans, a feminine branch -that had never made legal marriages. The blood of her ancestors was in -her veins; she showed this involuntarily by the way in which she -yielded to Montefiore. Although she did not love her husband, yet she -remained entirely faithful to him, and she killed him for honor's -sake. She had two children. [The Maranas.] -</p> -<p> -DIARD (Juan), first child of Mme. Diard. Born seven months after his -mother's marriage, and perhaps the son of Montefiore. He was the image -of Juana, who secretly petted him extravagantly, although she -pretended to like her younger son the better. By a "species of -admirable flattery" Diard had made Juan his choice. [The Maranas.] -</p> -<p> -DIARD (Francisque), second son of M. and Mme. Diard, born in Paris. A -counterpart of his father, and the favorite—only outwardly—of his -mother. [The Maranas.] -</p> -<p> -DIAZ (Jan), assumed name of Mme. Dinah de la Baudraye. -</p> -<p> -DIODATI, owner of a villa on Lake Geneva in 1823-1824.—Character in a -novel called "L'Ambitieux par Amour" published by Albert Savarus in -the "Revue de l'Est" in 1834. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -DIONIS, notary at Nemours from about 1813 till the early part of the -reign of Louis Philippe. He was a Cremiere-Dionis, but was always -known by the latter name. A shrewd, double-faced individual, who was -secretly a partner with Massin-Levrault the money-lender. He concerned -himself with the inheritance left by Dr. Minoret, giving advice to the -three legatees of the old physician. After the Revolution of 1830, he -was elected mayor of Nemours, instead of M. Levrault, and about 1837 -he became deputy. He was then received at court balls, in company with -his wife, and Mme. Dionis was "enthroned" in the village because of -her "ways of the throne." The couple had at least one daughter. -[Ursule Mirouet.] Dionis breakfasted familiarly with Rastignac, -Minister of Public Works, from 1839 to 1845. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -DOGUEREAU, publisher on rue de Coq, Paris, in 1821, having been -established since the first of the century; retired professor of -rhetoric. Lucien de Rubempre offered him his romance, "The Archer of -Charles IX.," but the publisher would not give him more than four -hundred francs for it, so the trade was not concluded. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -DOISY, porter of the Lepitre Institution, quarter du Marais, Paris, -about 1814, at the time when Felix de Vandenesse came there to -complete his course of study. This young man contracted a debt of one -hundred francs on Doisy's account, which resulted in a very severe -reprimand from his mother. [The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -DOMINIS (Abbe de), priest of Tours during the Restoration; preceptor -of Jacques de Mortsauf. [The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -DOMMANGET, an accoucheur-physician, famous in Paris at the time of -Louis Philippe. In 1840 he was called in to visit Mme. Calyste du -Guenic, whom he had accouched, and who had taken a dangerous relapse -on learning of her husband's infidelity. She was nursing her son at -this time. On being taken into her confidence, Dommanget treated and -cured her ailment by purely moral methods. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -DONI (Massimilla). (See Varese, Princesse de.) -</p> -<p> -DORLANGE (Charles), first name of Sallenauve, which name see. -</p> -<p> -DORSONVAL (Madame), bourgeoise of Saumur, acquainted with M. and Mme. -de Grassins at the time of the Restoration. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -DOUBLON (Victor-Ange-Hermenegilde), bailiff at Angouleme during the -Restoration. He acted against David Sechard on behalf of the Cointet -brothers. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -DUBERGHE, wine-merchant of Bordeaux from whom Nucingen purchased in -1815, before the battle of Waterloo, 150,000 bottles of wine, -averaging thirty sous to the bottle. The financier sold them for six -francs each to the allied armies, from 1817 to 1819. [The Firm of -Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -DUBOURDIEU, born about 1805; a symbolic painter of the Fouierist -school; decorated. In 1845 he was met at the corner of rue -Nueve-Vivienne by his friend Leon de Lora, when he expressed his ideas -on art and philosophy to Gazonal and Bixiou, who were with the famous -landscape-painter. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -DUBUT of Caen, merchant connected with MM. de Boisfranc, de Boisfrelon -and de Boislaurier who were also Dubuts, and whose grandfather was a -dealer in linens. Dubut of Caen was involved in the trial of the -Chauffeurs of Mortagne, in 1809, and sentenced to death for contumacy. -During the Restoration, on account of his devotion to the Royal cause, -he had hoped to obtain the succession to the title of M. de Boisfranc. -Louis XVIII. made him grand provost, in 1815, and later public -prosecutor under the coveted name; finally he died as first president -of the court. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -DUCANGE (Victor), novelist and playwright of France: born in 1783 at -La Haye; died in 1833; one of the collaborators on "Thirty Years," or -"A Gambler's Life," and the author of "Leonide." Victor Ducange was -present at Braulard's, the head-claquer's, in 1821, at a dinner where -were also Adele Dupois, Frederic Dupetit-Mere and Mlle. Millot, -Braulard's mistress. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -DUDLEY (Lord), statesman; one of the most distinguished of the older -English peers living in Paris after 1816; husband of Lady Arabella -Dudley; natural father of Henri de Marsay, to whom he paid small -attention, and who became the lover of Arabella. He was "profoundly -immoral." He reckoned among his illegitimate progeny, Euphemia -Porraberil, and among the women he maintained a certain Hortense who -lived on rue Tronchet. Before removing to France, Lord Dudley lived in -his native land with two sons born in wedlock, but who were -astonishingly like Marsay. [The Lily of the Valley. The Thirteen. A -Man of Business.] Lord Dudley was present at Mlle. des Touches, -shortly after 1830, when Marsay, then prime minister, told of his -first love affair, these two statesmen exchanged philosophical -reflections. [Another Study of Woman.] In 1834 he chanced to be -present at a grand ball given by his wife, when he gambled in a salon -with bankers, ambassadors and retired ministers. [A Daughter of Eve.] -</p> -<p> -DUDLEY (Lady Arabella), wife of the preceding; member of an -illustrious English family that was free of any <i>mesalliance</i> from the -time of the Conquest; exceedingly wealthy; one of those almost regal -ladies; the idol of the highest French society during the Restoration. -She did not live with her husband to whom she had left two sons who -resembled Marsay, whose mistress she had been. In some way she -succeeded in taking Felix de Vandenesse away from Mme. de Mortsauf, -thus causing that virtuous woman keen anguish. She was born, so she -said, in Lancashire, where women die of love. [The Lily of the -Valley.] In the early years of the reign of Charles X., at least -during the summers, she lived at the village of Chatenay, near Sceaux. -[The Ball at Sceaux.] Raphael de Valentin desired her and would have -sought her but for the fear of exhausting the "magic skin." [The Magic -Skin.] In 1832 she was among the guests at a soiree given by Mme. -d'Espard, where the Duchesse de Maufrigneuse was maligned in the -presence of Daniel d'Arthez, in love with her. [The Secrets of a -Princess.] She was quite jealous of Mme. Felix de Vandenesse, the wife -of her old-time lover, and in 1834-35 she manoeuvred, with Mme. de -Listomere and Mme. d'Espard to make the young woman fall into the arms -of the poet Nathan, whom she wished to be even homelier than he was. -She said to Mme. Felix de Vandenesse: "Marriage, my child, is our -purgatory; love our paradise." [A Daughter of Eve.] Lady Dudley, -vengeance-bent, caused Lady Brandon to die of grief. [Letters of Two -Brides.] -</p> -<p> -DUFAU, justice of the peace in a commune in the outskirts of Grenoble, -where Dr. Benassis was mayor under the Restoration. Then a tall, bony -man with gray locks and clothed in black. He aided materially in the -work of regeneration accomplished by the physician in the village. -[The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -DUFAURE (Jules-Armand-Stanislaus), attorney and French politician; -born December 4, 1798, at Saujon, Charente-Inferieure; died an -Academician at Rueil in the summer of 1881; friend and co-disciple of -Louis Lambert and of Barchou de Penhoen at the college of Vendome in -1811. [Louis Lambert.] -</p> -<p> -DUMAY (Anne-Francois-Bernard), born at Vannes in 1777; son of a rather -mean lawyer, the president of a revolutionary tribunal under the -Republic, and a victim of the guillotine subsequent to the ninth -Thermidor. His mother died of grief. In 1799 Anne Dumay enlisted in -the army of Italy. On the overthrow of the Empire, he retired with the -rank of Lieutenant, and came in touch with Charles Mignon, with whom -he had become acquainted early in his military career. He was -thoroughly devoted to his friend, who had once saved his life at -Waterloo. He gave great assistance to the commercial enterprises of -the Mignon house, and faithfully looked after the interests of Mme. -and Mlle. Mignon during the protracted absence of the head of the -family, who was suddenly ruined. Mignon came back from America a rich -man, and he made Dumay share largely in his fortune. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -DUMAY (Madame), nee Grummer, wife of the foregoing; a pretty little -American woman who married Dumay while he was on a journey to America -on behalf of his patron and friend Charles Mignon, during the -Restoration. Having had the misfortune to lose several children at -birth, and deprived of the hope of others, she became entirely devoted -to the two Mignon girls. She as well as her husband was thoroughly -attached to that family. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -DUPETIT-MERE (Frederic), born at Paris in 1785 and died in 1827; -dramatic author who enjoyed his brief hour of fame. Under the name of -Frederic he constructed either singly, or in collaboration with -Ducange, Rougemont, Brazier and others, a large number of melodramas, -vaudevilles, and fantasies. In 1821 he was present with Ducange, Adele -Dupuis and Mlle. Millot at a dinner at Braulard's, the head-claquer. -[A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -DUPLANTY (Abbe), vicar of Saint-Francois church at Paris; at -Schmucke's request he administered extreme unction to the dying Pons, -in April, 1845, who understood and appreciated his goodness. [Cousin -Pons.] -</p> -<p> -DUPLAY (Madame), wife of a carpenter of rue Honore at whose house -Robespierre lived; a customer of the grocer Descoings, whom she -denounced as a forestaller. This accusation led to the grocer's -imprisonment and execution. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -DUPOTET, a sort of banker established at Croisic under the -Restoration. He had on deposit the modest patrimony of Pierre -Cambremer. [A Seaside Tragedy.] -</p> -<p> -DUPUIS, notary of the Saint-Jacques quarter, time of Louis Philippe; -affectedly pious; beadle of the parish. He kept the savings of a lot -of servants. Theodose de la Peyrade, who drummed up trade for him in -this special line, induced Mme. Lambert, the housekeeper of M. Picot, -to place two thousand five hundred francs, saved at her employer's -expense, with this virtuous man, who immediately went into bankruptcy. -[The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -DUPUIS (Adele), Parisian actress who for a long time and brilliantly -held the leading roles and creations at the Gaite theatre. In 1821 she -dined with the chief claquer, Braulard, in company with Ducange, -Frederic Dupetit-Mere and Mlle. Millot. [A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] -</p> -<p> -DURAND, real name of the Chessels. This name of Chessel had been -borrowed by Mme. Durand, who was born a Chessel. -</p> -<p> -DURET (Abbe), cure of Sancerre during the Restoration; aged member of -the old clerical school. Excellent company; a frequenter of the home -of Mme. de la Baudraye, where he satisfied his penchant for gaming. -With much <i>finesse</i> Duret showed this young woman the character of M. -de la Baudraye in its true light. He counseled her to seek in -literature relief from the bitterness of her wedded life. [The Muse of -the Department.] -</p> -<p> -DURIAU, a celebrated accoucheur of Paris. Assisted by Bianchon he -delivered Mme. de la Baudraye of a child at the home of Lousteau, its -father, in 1837. [The Muse of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -DURIEU, cook and house servant at the chateau de Cinq-Cygne, under the -Consulate. An old and trusted servant, thoroughly devoted to his -mistress, Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, whose fortunes he had always -followed. He was a married man, his wife being general housekeeper in -the establishment. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -DUROC (Gerard-Christophe-Michel), Duc de Frioul; grand marshal of the -palace of Napoleon; born at Pont-a-Mousson, in 1772; killed on the -battlefield in 1813. On October 13, 1806, the eve of the battle of -Jena, he conducted the Marquis de Chargeboeuf and Laurence de -Cinq-Cygne to the Emperor's presence. [The Gondreville Mystery.] In -April, 1813, he was at a dress-parade at the Carrousel, Paris, when -Napoleon addressed him, regarding Mlle. de Chatillonest, noted by him -in the throng, in language which made the grand marshal smile. [A Woman -of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -DURUT (Jean-Francois), a criminal whom Prudence Servien helped convict -to hard labor by her testimony in the Court of Assizes. Durut took -oath to Prudence, before the same tribunal, that, once free, he would -kill her. However, he was executed at the bagne of Toulon four years -later (1829). Jacques Collin, alias Vautrin, to obtain Prudence's -affections, boasted of having freed her from Durut, whose threat held -her in perpetual terror. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -DUTHEIL (Abbe), one of the two vicars-general of the Bishop of Limoges -during the Restoration. One of the lights of the Gallican clergy. Made -a bishop in August, 1831, and promoted to archbishop in 1840. He -presided at the public confession of Mme. Graslin, whose friend and -advisor he was, and whose funeral procession he followed in 1844. [The -Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -DUTOCQ, born in 1786. In 1814 he entered the Department of Finance, -succeeding Poiret senior who was displaced in the bureau directed by -Rabourdin. He was order clerk. Idle and incapable, he hated his chief -and caused his overthrow. Very despicable and very prying, he tried to -make his place secure by acting as spy in the bureau. Chardin des -Lupeaulx, the secretary-general, was advised by him of the slightest -developments. After 1816, Dutocq outwardly affected very pronounced -religious tendencies because he believed them useful to his -advancement. He eagerly collected old engravings, possessing complete -"his Charlet," which he desired to give or lend to the minister's -wife. At this time he dwelt on rue Saint-Louis-Saint-Honore (in 1854 -this street disappeared) near Palais Royal, on the fifth floor of an -enclosed house, and boarded in a pension of rue de Beaune. [The -Government Clerks.] In 1840, retired, he clerked for a justice of the -peace of the Pantheon municipality, and lived in Thuillier's house, -rue Saint-Dominique d'Enfer. He was a bachelor and had all the vices -which, however, he religiously concealed. He kept in with his -superiors by fawning. He was concerned with the villainous intrigues -of Cerizet, his copy-clerk, and with Theodose de la Peyrade, the -tricky lawyer. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -DUVAL, wealthy forge-master of Alencon, whose daughter the -grand-niece of M. du Croisier (du Bousquier), was married in 1830 -to Victurnien d'Esgrignon. Her dowry was three million francs. -[Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -DUVAL, famous professor of chemistry at Paris in 1843. A friend of Dr. -Bianchon, at whose instance he analyzed the blood of M. and Mme. -Crevel, who were infected by a peculiar cutaneous disease of which -they died. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -DUVIGNON. (See Lanty, de.) -</p> -<p> -DUVIVIER, jeweler at Vendome during the Empire. Mme. de Merret -declared to her husband that she had purchased of this merchant an -ebony crucifix encrusted with silver; but in truth she had obtained it -of her lover, Bagos de Feredia. She swore falsely on this very -crucifix. [La Grande Breteche.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0008"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - E -</h2> -<p> -EMILE, a "lion of the most triumphant kind," of the acquaintance of -Mme. Komorn—Countess Godollo. One evening in 1840 or 1841 this woman, -in order to avoid Theodose de la Peyrade, on the Boulevard des -Italiens, took the dandy's arm and requested him to take her to -Mabille. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -ESGRIGNON (Charles-Marie-Victor-Ange-Carol, Marquis d'), or, Des -Grignons—following the earlier name—commander of the Order of -Saint-Louis; born about 1750, died in 1830. Head of a very ancient -family of the Francs, the Karawls who came from the North to conquer -the Gauls, and who were entrusted with the defence of a French highway. -The Esgrignons, quasi-princes under the house of Valois and all-powerful -under Henry IV., were very little known at the court of Louis XVIII.; -and the marquis, ruined by the Revolution, lived in rather reduced -circumstances at Alencon in an old gable-roofed house formerly -belonging to him, which had been sold as common property, and which -the faithful notary Chesnel had repurchased, together with certain -portions of his other estates. The Marquis d'Esgrignon, though not -having to emigrate, was still obliged to conceal himself. He -participated in the Vendean struggle against the Republic, and was one -of the members of the Committee Royal of Alencon. In 1800, at the age -of fifty, in the hope of perpetuating his race, he married Mlle. de -Nouastre, who died in child-birth, leaving the marquis an only son. M. -d'Esgrignon always overlooked the escapades of this child, whose -reputation was preserved by Chesnel; and he passed away shortly after -the downfall of Charles X., saying: "The Gauls triumph." [The Chouans. -Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -ESGRIGNON (Madame d') nee Nouastre; of blood the purest and noblest; -married at twenty-two, in 1800, to Marquis Carol d'Esgrignon, a man of -fifty. She soon died at the birth of an only son. She was "the -prettiest of human beings; in her person were reawakened the charms -—now fanciful—of the feminine figures of the sixteenth century." -[Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -ESGRIGNON (Victurnien, Comte, then Marquis d'), only son of Marquis -Carol d'Esgrignon; born about 1800 at Alencon. Handsome and -intelligent, reared with extreme indulgence and kindness by his aunt, -Mlle. Armande d'Esgrignon, he gave himself over without restraint to -all the whims usual to the ingenuous egoism of his age. From eighteen -to twenty-one he squandered eighty thousand francs without the -knowledge of his father and his aunt; the devoted Chesnel footed all -the bills. The youthful d'Esgrignon was systematically urged to -wrong-doing by an ally of his own age, Fabien du Ronceret, a perfidious -fellow of the town whom M. du Croisier employed. About 1823 Victurnien -d'Esgrignon was sent to Paris. There he had the misfortune to fall -into the society of the Parisian <i>roues</i>—Marsay, Ronquerolles, -Trailles, Chardin des Lupeaulx, Vandenesse, Ajuda-Pinto, Beaudenord, -Martial de la Roche-Hugon, Manerville, people met at the homes of -Marquise d'Espard, the Duchesses de Grandlieu, de Carigliano, de -Chaulieu, the Marquises d'Aiglemont and de Listomere, Mme. Firmiani -and the Comtesse de Serizy; at the opera and at the embassies—being -welcomed on account of his good name and seeming fortune. It was not -long until he became the lover of the Duchesse de Maufrigneuse, ruined -himself for her and ended by forging a note against M. du Croisier for -one hundred thousand francs. His aunt took him back quickly to -Alencon, and by a great effort he was rescued from legal proceedings. -Following this he fought a duel with M. du Croisier, who wounded him -dangerously. Nevertheless, shortly after the death of his father, -Victurnien d'Esgrignon married Mlle. Duval, niece of the retired -contractor. He did not give himself over to his wife, but instead -betook himself to his former gay life of a bachelor. [Jealousies of a -Country Town. Letters of Two Brides.] According to Marguerite Turquet -"the little D'Esgrignon was well soaked" by Antonia. [A Man of -Business.] In 1832 Victurnien d'Esgrignon declared before a numerous -company at Mme. d'Espard's that the Princesse de Cadignan—Mme. de -Maufrigneuse—was a dangerous woman. "To her I owe the disgrace of my -marriage," he added. Daniel d'Arthez, who was then in love with this -woman, was present at the conversation. [The Secrets of a Princess.] -In 1838 Victurnien d'Esgrignon was present with some artists, lorettes -and men about town, at the opening of the house on rue de la -Ville-Eveque given to Josepha Mirah, by the Duc d'Herouville. The young -marquis himself had been Josepha's lover; Baron Hulot and he had been -rivals for her on another occasion. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -ESGRIGNON (Marie-Armande-Claire d'), born about 1775; sister of -Marquis Carol d'Esgrignon and aunt of Victurnien d'Esgrignon to whom -she had been as a mother, with an absolute tenderness. In his old age -her father had married for a second time, and to the young daughter of -a tax collector, ennobled by Louis XIV. She was born of this union -which was looked upon as a horrible <i>mesalliance</i>, and although the -marquis loved her dearly he regarded her as an alien. He made her weep -for joy, one day, by saying solemnly: "You are an Esgrignon, my -sister." Emile Blondet, reared at Alencon, had known and loved her in -his childhood, and often later he praised her beauty and good -qualities. On account of her devotion to her nephew she refused M. de -la Roche-Guyon and the Chevalier de Valois, also M. du Bousquier. She -gave the fullest proof of her genuinely maternal affection for -Victurnien, when the latter committed the crime at Paris, which would -have placed him on the prisoner's bench of the Court of Assizes, but -for the clever work of Chesnel. She outlived her brother, given over -"to her religion and her over-thrown beliefs." About the middle of -Louis Philippe's reign Blondet, who had come to Alencon to obtain his -marriage license, was again moved on the contemplation of that noble -face. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -ESPARD (Charles-Maurice-Marie-Andoche, Comte de Negrepelisse, Marquis -d'), born about 1789; by name a Negrepelisse, of an old Southern -family which acquired by a marriage, time of Henry IV., the lands and -titles of the family of Espard, of Bearn, which was allied also with -the Albret house. The device of the d'Espards was: "Des partem -leonis." The Negrepelisses were militant Catholics, ruined at the time -of the Church wars, and afterwards considerably enriched by the -despoiling of a family of Protestant merchants, the Jeanrenauds whose -head had been hanged after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. This -property, so badly acquired, became wondrously profitable to the -Negrepelisses-d'Espards. Thanks to his fortune, the grandfather of the -marquis was enabled to wed a Navarreins-Lansac, an extremely wealthy -heiress; her father was of the younger branch of the Grandlieus. In -1812 the Marquis d'Espard married Mlle. de Blamont-Chauvry, then -sixteen years of age. He had two sons by her, but discord soon arose -between the couple. Her silly extravagances forced the marquis to -borrow. He left her in 1816, going with his two children to live on -rue de la Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve. Here he devoted himself to the -education of his boys and to the composition of a great work; "The -Picturesque History of China," the profits of which, combined with the -savings resultant from an austere manner of living, allowed him to pay -in twelve years' time to the legatees of the suppliant Jeanrenauds -eleven hundred thousand francs, representing the value—time of Louis -XIV.—of the property confiscated from their ancestors. This book was -written, so to speak, in collaboration with Abbe Crozier, and its -financial results aided greatly in comforting the declining years of a -ruined friend, M. de Nouvion. In 1828 Mme. d'Espard tried to have a -guardian appointed for her husband by ridiculing the noble conduct of -the marquis. But the defendant won his rights at court. [The -Commission in Lunacy.] Lucien de Rubempre, who entertained -Attorney-General Granville with an account of this suit, probably was -instrumental in causing the judgment to favor M. d'Espard. Thus he -drew upon himself the hatred of the marquise. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -ESPARD (Camille, Vicomte d'), second son of Marquis d'Espard; born in -1815; pursued his studies at the college of Henri IV., in company with -his elder brother, the Comte Clement de Negrepelisse. He studied -rhetoric in 1828. [The Commission in Lunacy.] -</p> -<p> -ESPARD (Chevalier d'), brother of Marquis d'Espard, whom he wished to -see interdicted, in order that he might be made curator. His face was -thin as a knife-blade, and he was frigid and severe. Judge Popinot -said he reminded him somewhat of Cain. He was one of the deepest -personages to be found in the Marquise d'Espard's drawing-room, and -was the political half of that woman. [The Commission in Lunacy. -Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Secrets of a Princess.] -</p> -<p> -ESPARD (Jeanne-Clementine-Athenais de Blamont-Chauvry, Marquise d'), -born in 1795; wife of Marquis d'Espard; of one of the most illustrious -houses of Faubourg Saint-Germain. Deserted by her husband in 1816, she -was at the age of twenty-two mistress of herself and of her fortune, -an income of twenty-six thousand francs. At first she lived in -seclusion; then in 1820 she appeared at court, gave some receptions at -her own home, and did not long delay about becoming a society woman. -Cold, vain and coquettish she knew neither love nor hatred; her -indifference for all that did not directly concern her was profound. -She never showed emotion. She had certain scientific formulas for -preserving her beauty. She never wrote but spoke instead, believing -that two words from a woman were sufficient to kill three men. More -than once she made epigrams to peers or deputies which the courts of -Europe treasured. In 1828 she still passed with the men for youthful. -Mme. d'Espard lived at number 104 rue du Faubourg Saint-Honore. [The -Commission in Lunacy.] She was a magnificent Celimene. She displayed -such prudence and severity on her separation from her husband that -society was at a loss to account for this disagreement. She was -surrounded by her relatives, the Navarreins, the Blamont-Chauvrys and -the Lenoncourts; ladies of the highest social position claimed her -acquaintance. She was a cousin of Mme. de Bargeton, who was -rehabilitated by her on her arrival from Angouleme in 1821, and whom -she introduced into Paris, showing her all the secrets of elegant life -and taking her away from Lucien de Rubempre. Later, when the -"Distinguished Provincial" had won his way into high society, she, at -the instance of Mme. de Montcornet, enlisted him on the Royalist side. -[A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] In 1824 she was at an Opera -ball to which she had come through an anonymous note, and, leaning on -the arm of Sixte du Chatelet, she met Lucien de Rubempre whose beauty -struck her and whom she seemed, indeed, not to remember. The poet had -his revenge for her former disdain, by means of some cutting phrases, -and Jacques Collin—Vautrin—masked, caused her uneasiness by -persuading her that Lucien was the author of the note and that he -loved her. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] The Chaulieus were -intimate with her at the time when their daughter Louise was courted -by Baron de Macumer. [Letters of Two Brides.] Despite the silent -opposition of the Faubourg Saint-Germain, after the Revolution of -1830, the Marquise d'Espard did not close her salon, since she did not -wish to renounce her Parisian prestige. In this she was seconded by -one or two women in her circle and by Mlle. des Touches. [Another -Study of Woman.] She was at home Wednesdays. In 1833 she attended a -soiree at the home of the Princesse de Cadignan, where Marsay -disclosed the mystery surrounding the abduction of Senator Malin in -1806. [The Gondreville Mystery.] Notwithstanding an evil report -circulated against her by Mme. d'Espard, the princesse told Daniel -d'Arthez that the marquise was her best friend; she was related to -her. [The Secrets of a Princess.] Actuated by jealousy for Mme. Felix -de Vandenesse, Mme. d'Espard fostered the growing intimacy between the -young woman and Nathan the poet; she wished to see an apparent rival -compromised. In 1835 the marquise defended vaudeville entertainments -against Lady Dudley, who said she could not endure them. [A Daughter -of Eve.] In 1840, on leaving the Italiens, Mme. d'Espard humiliated -Mme. de Rochefide by snubbing her; all the women followed her example, -shunning the mistress of Calyste du Guenic. [Beatrix.] In short the -Marquise d'Espard was one of the most snobbish people of her day. Her -disposition was sour and malevolent, despite its elegant veneer. -</p> -<p> -ESTIVAL (Abbe d'), provincial priest and Lenten exhorter at the church -of Saint-Jacques du Haut-Pas, Paris. According to Theodose de la -Peyrade, who pointed him out to Mlle. Colleville, he was devoted to -predication in the interest of the poor. By spirituality and unction -he redeemed a scarcely agreeable exterior. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -ESTORADE (Baron, afterwards Comte de l'), a little Provincial -gentleman, father of Louis de l'Estorade. A very religious and very -miserly man who hoarded for his son. He lost his wife about 1814, who -died of grief through lack of hope of ever seeing her son again -—having heard nothing of him after the battle of Leipsic. M. de -l'Estorade was an excellent grandparent. He died at the end of 1826. -[Letters of Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -ESTORADE (Louis, Chevalier, then Vicomte and Comte de l') son of the -preceding; peer of France; president of the Chamber in the Court of -Accounts; grand officer of the Legion of Honor; born in 1787. After -having been excluded from the conscription under the Empire, for a -long time, he was enlisted in 1813, serving on the Guard of Honor. At -Leipsic he was captured by the Russians and did not reappear in France -until the Restoration. He suffered severely in Siberia; at thirty-seven -he appeared to be fifty. Pale, lean, taciturn and somewhat deaf, he -bore much resemblance to the Knight of the Rueful Countenance. He -succeeded, however, in making himself agreeable to Renee de Maucombe -whom he married, dowerless, in 1824. Urged on by his wife who became -ambitious after becoming a mother, he left Crampade, his country -estate, and although a mediocre he rose to the highest offices. -[Letters of Two Brides. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -ESTORADE (Madame de l'), born Renee de Maucombe in 1807, of a very old -Provencal family, located in the Gemenos Valley, twenty kilometres -from Marseilles. She was educated at the Carmelite convent of Blois, -where she was intimate with Louise de Chaulieu. The two friends always -remained constant. For several years they corresponded, writing about -life, love and marriage, when Renee the wise gave to the passionate -Louise advice and prudent counsel not always followed. In 1836 Mme. de -l'Estorade hastened to the country to be present at the death-bed of -her friend, now become Mme. Marie Gaston. Renee de Maucombe was -married at the age of seventeen, upon leaving the convent. She gave -her husband three children, though she never loved him, devoting -herself to the duties of motherhood. [Letters of Two Brides.] In -1838-39 the serenity of this sage person was disturbed by meeting -Dorlange-Sallenauve. She believed he sought her, and she must needs -fight an insidious liking for him. Mme. de Camps counseled and -enlightened Mme. de l'Estorade, with considerable foresight, in this -delicate crisis. Some time later, when a widow, Mme. de l'Estorade was -on the point of giving her hand to Sallenauve, who became her -son-in-law. [The Member for Arcis.] In 1841 Mme. de l'Estorade -remarked of M. and Mme. Savinien de Portenduere: "Theirs is the most -perfect happiness that I have ever seen!" [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -ESTORADE (Armand de l'), elder son of M. and Mme. de l'Estorade; -godson of Louise de Chaulieu, who was Baronne de Macumer and -afterwards Mme. Marie Gaston. Born in December, 1825; educated at the -college of Henri IV. At first stupid and meditative, he awakened -afterwards, was crowned at Sorbonnne, having obtained first prize for -a translation of Latin, and in 1845 made a brilliant showing in his -thesis for the degree of doctor of laws. [Letters of Two Brides. The -Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -ESTORADE (Rene de l'), second child of M. and Mme. de l'Estorade. Bold -and adventurous as a child. He had a will of iron, and his mother was -convinced that he would be "the cunningest sailor afloat." [Letters of -Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -ESTORADE (Jeanne-Athenais de l'), daughter and third child of M. and -Mme. de l'Estorade. Called "Nais" for short. Married in 1847 to -Charles de Sallenauve. (See Sallenauve, Mme. Charles de.) -</p> -<p> -ESTOURNY (Charles d'), a young dandy of Paris who went to Havre during -the Restoration to view the sea, obtained entrance into the Mignon -household and eloped with Bettina-Caroline, the elder daughter. He -afterwards deserted her and she died of shame. In 1827 Charles -d'Estourny was sentenced by the police court for habitual fraud in -gambling. [Modeste Mignon.] A Georges-Marie Destourny, who styled -himself Georges d'Estourny, was the son of a bailiff, at Boulogne, -near Paris, and was undoubtedly identical with Charles d'Estourny. For -a time he was the protector of Esther van Gobseck, known as La -Torpille. He was born about 1801, and, after having obtained a -splendid education, had been left without resources by his father, who -was forced to sell out under adverse circumstances. Georges d'Estourny -speculated on the Bourse with money obtained from "kept" women who -trusted in him. After his sentence he left Paris without squaring his -accounts. He had aided Cerizet, who afterwards became his partner. He -was a handsome fellow, open-hearted and generous as the chief of -robbers. On account of the knaveries which brough him into court, -Bixiou nicknamed him "Tricks at Cards." [Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life. A Man of Business.] -</p> -<p> -ETIENNE & CO., traders at Paris under the Empire. In touch with -Guillaume, clothier of rue Saint-Denis, who foresaw their failure and -awaited "with anxiety as at a game of cards." [At the Sign of the Cat -and Racket.] -</p> -<p> -EUGENE, Corsican colonel of the Sixth regiment of the line, which was -made up almost entirely of Italians—the first to enter Tarragone in -1808. Colonel Eugene, a second Murat, was extraordinarily brave. He -knew how to make use of the species of bandits who composed his -regiment. [The Maranas.] -</p> -<p> -EUGENIE, assumed name of Prudence Servien, which name see. -</p> -<p> -EUPHRASIE, Parisian courtesan, time of the Restoration and Louis -Philippe. A pretty, winsome blonde with blue eyes and a melodious -voice; she had an air of the utmost frankness, yet was profoundly -depraved and expert in refined vice. In 1821 she transmitted a -terrible and fatal disease to Crottat, the notary. At that time she -lived on rue Feydeau. Euphrasie pretended that in her early youth she -had passed entire days and nights trying to support a lover who had -forsaken her for a heritage. With the brunette, Aquilina, Euphrasie -took part in a famous orgy, at the home of Frederic Taillefer, on rue -Joubert, where were also Emile Blondet, Rastignac, Bixiou and Raphael -de Valentin. Later she is seen at the Theatre-Italien, in company with -the aged antiquarian, who had sold Raphael the celebrated "magic -skin"; she was running through with the old merchant's treasures. -[Melmoth Reconciled. The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -EUROPE, assumed name of Prudence Servien, which name see. -</p> -<p> -EVANGELISTA (Madame), born Casa-Real in 1781, of a great Spanish -family collaterally descended from the Duke of Alva and related to the -Claes of Douai; a creole who came to Bordeaux in 1800 with her -husband, a large Spanish financier. In 1813 she was left a widow, with -her daughter. She paid no thought to the value of money, never knowing -how to resist a whim. So one morning in 1821 she was forced to call on -the broker and expert, Elie Magus, to get an estimate on the value of -her magnificent diamonds. She became wearied of life in the country, -and therefore favored the marriage of her daughter with Paul de -Manerville, in order that she might follow the young couple to Paris -where she dreamed of appearing in grand style and of a further -exercise of her power. For that matter she displayed much astuteness -in arranging the details of this marriage, at which time Maitre -Solonet, her notary, was much taken with her, desiring to wed her, and -defending her warmly against Maitre Mathias the lawyer for the -Manervilles. Beneath the exterior of an excellent woman she knew, like -Catherine de Medicis, how to hate and wait. [A Marriage Settlement.] -</p> -<p> -EVANGELISTA (Natalie), daughter of Mme. Evangelista; married to Paul -de Manerville. (See that name.) -</p> -<p> -EVELINA, young girl of noble blood, wealthy and cultured, of a strict -Jansenist family; sought in marriage by Benassis, in the beginning of -the Restoration. Evelina reciprocated Benassis' love, but her parents -opposed the match. Evelina died soon after gaining her freedom and the -doctor did not survive her long. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0009"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - F -</h2> -<p> -FAILLE & BOUCHOT, Parisian perfumers who failed in 1818. They gave an -order for ten thousand phials of peculiar shape to hold a new -cosmetic, which phials Anselme Popinot purchased for four sous each on -six months' time, with the intention of filling them with the -"Cephalic Oil" invented by Cesar Birotteau. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -FALCON (Jean), alias Beaupied, or more often Beau-Pied, sergeant in -the Seventy-second demi-brigade in 1799, under the command of Colonel -Hulot. Jean Falcon was the clown of his company. Formerly he had -served in the artillery. [The Chouans.] In 1808, still under the -command of Hulot, he was one in the army of Spain and in the troops -led by Murat. In that year he was witness of the death of Bega, the -French surgeon, assassinated by a Spaniard. [The Muse of the -Department.] In 1841 he was body-servant of his old-time colonel, now -become a marshal. For thirty years he had been in his employ. [Cousin -Betty.] -</p> -<p> -FALCON (Marie-Cornelie), famous singer of the Opera; born at Paris on -January 28, 1812. On July 20, 1832, she made a brilliant debut in the -role of Alice, in "Robert le Diable." She also created with equal -success the parts of Rachel in "La Juive" and Valentine in "The -Huguenots." In 1836 the composer Conti declared to Calyste du Guenic -that he was madly enamored of this singer, "the youngest and prettiest -of her time." He even wished to marry her—so he said—but this remark -was probably a thrust at Calyste, who was smitten with the Marquise de -Rochefide, whose lover the musician was at this time. [Beatrix.] -Cornelie Falcon disappears from the scene in 1840, after a famous -evening when, before a sympathetic audience, she mourned on account of -the ruin of her voice. She married a financier, M. Malencon, and is -now a grandmother. Mme. Falcon has given, in the provinces, her name -to designate tragic "sopranos." "La Vierge de l'Opera," interestingly -delineated by M. Emmanuel Gonzales, reveals—according to him—certain -incidents in her career. -</p> -<p> -FALLEIX (Martin), Auvergnat coppersmith on rue du Faubourg -Saint-Antoine, Paris; born about 1796; he had come from the country -with his kettle under his arm. He was patronized by Bidault, alias -Gigonnet, who advanced him capital though at heavy interest. The -usurer also introduced him to Saillard, the cashier of the Minister of -Finance, who with his savings enabled him to open a foundry. Martin -Falleix obtained a brevet for invention and a gold medal at the -Exposition of 1824. Mme. Baudoyer undertook his education, deciding he -would do for a son-in-law. On his side he worked for the interests of -his future father-in-law. [The Government Clerks.] About 1826 he -discussed on the Bourse, with Du Tillet, Werbrust and Claparon, the -third liquidation of Nucingen, which solidly established the fortune of -that celebrated Alsatian banker. [The Firm of Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -FALLEIX (Jacques), brother of the preceding; stock-broker, one of -the shrewdest and richest, the successor of Jules Desmarets and -stock-broker for the firm of Nucingen. On rue Saint-George he fitted -up a most elegant little house for his mistress, Mme. du Val-Noble. He -failed in 1829, the victim of one of the Nucingen liquidations. [The -Government Clerks. The Thirteen. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -FANCHETTE, servant of Doctor Rouget at Issoudun, at the close of the -eighteenth century; a stout Berrichonne who, before the advent of La -Cognette, was thought to be the best cook in town. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -FANJAT, physician and something of an alienist; uncle of Comtesse -Stephanie de Vandieres. She was supposed to have perished in the -disaster of the Russian campaign. He found her near Strasbourg, in -1816, a lunatic, and took her to the ancient convent of Bon-Hommes, -in the outskirts of l'Isle Adam, Seine-et-Oise, where he tended her -with a tender care. In 1819 he had the sorrow of seeing her expire as -a result of a tragic scene when, recovering her reason all at once, -she recognized her former lover Philippe de Sucy, whom she had not -seen since 1812. [Farewell.] -</p> -<p> -FANNY, aged servant in the employ of Lady Brandon, at La Grenadiere -under the Restoration. She closed the eyes of her mistress, whom she -adored, then conducted the two children from that house to one of a -cousin of hers, an old retired dressmaker of Tours, rue de la Guerche -(now rue Marceau), where she intended to live with them; but the elder -of the sons of Lady Brandon enlisted in the navy and placed his -brother in college, under the guidance of Fanny. [La Grenadiere.] -</p> -<p> -FANNY, young girl of romantic temperament, fair and blonde, the only -daughter of a banker of Paris. One evening at her father's house she -asked the Bavarian Hermann for a "dreadful German story," and thus -innocently led to the death of Frederic Taillefer who had in his youth -committed a secret murder, now related in his hearing. [The Red Inn.] -</p> -<p> -FARIO, old Spanish prisoner of war at Issoudun during the Empire. -After peace was declared he remained there making a small business -venture in grains. He was of Grenada and had been a peasant. He was -the butt of many scurvy tricks on the part of the "Knights of -Idlesse," and he avenged himself by stabbing their leader, Maxence -Gilet. This attempted assassination was momentarily charged to Joseph -Bridau. Fario finally obtained full satisfaction for his vindictive -spirit by witnessing a duel where Gilet fell mortally wounded by the -hand of Philippe Bridau. Gilet had previously become disconcerted by -the presence of the grain-dealer on the field of battle. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -FARRABESCHE, ex-convict, now an estate-guard for Mme. Graslin, at -Montegnac, time of Louis Philippe; of an old family of La Correze; -born about 1791. He had had an elder brother killed at Montebello, in -1800 a captain at twenty-two, who by his surpassing heroism had saved -the army and the Consul Bonaparte. There was, too, a second brother -who fell at Austerlitz in 1805, a sergeant in the First regiment of -the Guard. Farrabesche himself had got it into his head that he would -never serve, and when summoned in 1811 he fled to the woods. There he -affiliated more or less with the Chauffeurs and, accused of several -assassinations, was sentenced to death for contumacy. At the instance -of Abbe Bonnet he gave himself up, at the beginnng of the Restoration, -and was sent to the bagne for ten years, returning in 1827. After -1830, re-established as a citizen, he married Catherine Curieux, by -whom he had a child. Abbe Bonnet for one, and Mme. Graslin for -another, proved themselves counselors and benefactors of Farrabesche. -[The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -FARRABESCHE (Madame), born Catherine Curieux, about 1798; daughter of -the tenants of Mme. Brezac, at Vizay, an important mart of La Correze; -mistress of Farrabesche in the last years of the Empire. She bore him -a son, at the age of seventeen, and was soon separated from her lover -on his imprisonment in the galleys. She returned to Paris and hired -out. In her last place she worked for an old lady whom she tended -devotedly, but who died leaving her nothing. In 1833 she came back to -the country; she was just out of a hospital, cured of a disease caused -by fatigue, but still very feeble. Shortly after she married her -former lover. Catherine Curieux was rather large, well-made, pale, -gentle and refined by her visit to Paris, though she could neither -read nor write. She had three married sisters, one at Aubusson, one at -Limoges, and one at Saint-Leonard. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -FARRABESCHE (Benjamin), son of Farrabesche and Catherine Curieux; born -in 1815; brought up by the relatives of his mother until 1827, then -taken back by his father whom he dearly loved and whose energetic and -rough nature he inherited. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -FAUCOMBE (Madame de), sister of Mme. de Touches and aunt of Felicite -des Touches—Camille Maupin;—an inmate of the convent of Chelles, to -whom Felicite was confided by her dying mother, in 1793. The nun took -her niece to Faucombe, a considerable estate near Nantes belonging to -the deceased mother, where she (the nun) died of fear in 1794. -[Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -FAUCOMBE (De), grand-uncle on the maternal side of Felicite des -Touches. Born about 1734, died in 1814. He lived at Nantes, and in his -old age had married a frivolous young woman, to whom he turned over -the conduct of affairs. A passionate archaeologist he gave little -attention to the education of his grand-niece who was left with him in -1794, after the death of Mme. de Faucombe, the aged nun of Chelles. -Thus it happened that Felicite grew up by the side of the old man and -young woman, without guidance, and left entirely to her own devices. -[Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -FAUSTINE, a young woman of Argentan who was executed in 1813 at -Mortagne for having killed her child. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -FELICIE, chambermaid of Mme. Diard at Bordeaux in 1823. [The Maranas.] -</p> -<p> -FELICITE, a stout, ruddy, cross-eyed girl, the servant of Mme. -Vauthier who ran a lodging-house on the corner of Notre-Dame-des-Champs -and Boulevard du Montparnasse, time of Louis Philippe. [The Seamy Side -of History.] -</p> -<p> -FELIX, office-boy for Attorney-General Granville, in 1830. [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -FENDANT, former head-clerk of the house of Vidal & Porchon; a partner -with Cavalier. Both were book-sellers, publishers, and book-dealers, -doing business on rue Serpente, Paris, about 1821. At this time they -had dealings with Lucien Chardon de Rubempre. The house for social -reasons was known as Fendant & Cavalier. Half-rascals, they passed for -clever fellows. While Cavalier traveled, Fendant, the more wily of the -two, managed the business. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -FERDINAND, real name of Ferdinand du Tillet. -</p> -<p> -FERDINAND, fighting name of one of the principal figures in the Breton -uprising of 1799. One of the companions of MM. du Guenic, de la -Billardiere, de Fontaine and de Montauran. [The Chouans. Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -FEREDIA (Count Bagos de), Spanish prisoner of war at the Vendome under -the Empire; lover of Mme. de Merret. Surprised one evening by the -unexpected return of her husband, he took refuge in a closet which was -ordered walled up by M. de Merret. There he died heroically without -even uttering a cry. [La Grande Breteche.] -</p> -<p> -FERET (Athanase), law-clerk of Maitre Bordin, procureur to the -Chatelet in 1787. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -FERRAGUS XXIII. (See Bourignard.) -</p> -<p> -FERRARO (Count), Italian colonel whom Castanier had known during the -Empire, and whose death in the Zembin swamps Castanier alone had -witnessed. The latter therefore intended to assume Ferraro's -personality in Italy after forging certain letters of credit. [Melmoth -Reconciled.] -</p> -<p> -FERRAUD (Comte), son of a returned councillor of the Parisian -Parliament who had emigrated during the Terror, and who was ruined by -these events. Born in 1781. During the Consulate he returned to -France, at which time he declined certain offers made by Bonaparte. He -remained ever true to the tenets of Louis XVIII. Of pleasing presence -he won his way, and the Faubourg Saint-Germain regarded him as an -ornament. About 1809 he married the widow of Colonel Chabert, who had -an income of forty thousand francs. By her he had two children, a son -and a daughter. He resided on rue de Varenne, having a pretty villa in -the Montmorency Valley. During the Restoration he was made -director-general in a ministry, and councillor of state. [Colonel -Chabert.] -</p> -<p> -FERRAUD (Comtesse), born Rose Chapotel; wife of Comte Ferraud. During -the Republic, or at the commencement of the Empire, she married her -first husband, an officer named Hyacinthe and known as Chabert, who -was left for dead on the battlefield of Eylau, in 1807. About 1818 he -tried to reassert his marital rights. Colonel Chabert claimed to have -taken Rose Chapotel out of a questionable place at Palais-Royal. -During the Restoration this woman was a countess and one of the queens -of Parisian society. When brought face to face with her first husband -she feigned at first not to recognize him, then she displayed such a -dislike for him that he abandoned his idea of legal restitution. -[Colonel Chabert.] The Comtesse Ferraud was the last mistress of Louis -XVIII., and remained in favor at the court of Charles X. She and -Mesdames de Listomere, d'Espard, de Camps and de Nucingen were invited -to the select receptions of the Minister of Finance, in 1824. [The -Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -FERRAUD (Jules), son of Comte Ferraud and Rose Chapotel, the Comtesse -Ferraud. While still a child, in 1817 or 1818, he was one day at his -mother's house when Colonel Chabert called. She wept and he asked -hotly if the officer was responsible for the grief of the countess. -The latter with her two children then played a maternal comedy which -was successful with the ingenuous soldier. [Colonel Chabert.] -</p> -<p> -FESSARD, grocer at Saumur during the Restoration. Astonished one day -by Nanon's, the servant's, purchase of a wax-candle, he asked if "the -three magi were visiting them." [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -FICHET (Mademoiselle), the richest heiress of Issoudun during the -Restoration. Godet, junior, one of the "Knights of Idlesse" paid court -to her mother in the hope of obtaining, as a reward for his devotion, -the hand of the young girl. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -FINOT (Andoche), managing-editor of journals and reviews, times of the -Restoration and Louis Philippe. Son of a hatter of rue du Coq (now rue -Marengo). Finot was abandoned by his father, a hard trader, and made a -poor beginning. He wrote a bombastic announcement for Popinot's -"Cephalic Oil." His first work was attending to announcements and -personals in the papers. He was invited to the Birotteau ball. Finot -was acquainted with Felix Gaudissart, who introduced him to little -Anselme, as a great promoter. He was previously on the editorial staff -of the "Courrier des Spectacles," and he had a piece performed at the -Gaite. [Cesar Birotteau.] In 1820 he ran a little theatrical paper -whose office was located on rue du Sentier. He was nephew of -Giroudeau, a captain of dragoons; was witness of the marriage of J.-J. -Rouget. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] in 1821 Finot's paper was on rue -Saint-Fiacre. Etienne Lousteau, Hector Merlin, Felicien Vernou, -Nathan, F. du Bruel and Blondet all contributed to it. Then it was -that Lucien de Rubempre made his reputation by a remarkable report of -"L'Alcade dans l'embarras," a three act drama performed at the -Panorama-Dramatique. Finot then lived on rue Feydeau. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] In 1824 he was at the Opera ball in a group of -dandies and litterateurs, which surrounded Lucien de Rubempre, who was -flirting with Esther Gobseck. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] In -this year Finot was guest at an entertainment at the home of -Rabourdin, the chief of bureau, when he allowed himself to be won over -to that official's cause by his friend Chardin des Lupeaulx, who had -asked him to exert the voice of the press against Baudoyer, the rival -of Rabourdin. [The Government Clerks.] In 1825 he was present at a -breakfast given at the Rocher de Cancale, by Frederic Marest in -celebration of his entrance to the law office of Desroches; he was -also at the orgy which followed at the home of Florine. [A Start in -Life.] In 1831 Gaudissart said that his friend Finot had an income of -thirty thousand francs, that he would be councillor of state, and was -booked for a peer of France. He aspired to end up as his -"shareholder." [Gaudissart the Great.] In 1836 Finot was dining with -Blondet, his fellow-editor, and with Couture, a man about town, in a -private room of a well-known restaurant, when he heard the story of -the financial trickeries of Nucingen, wittily related by Bixiou. [The -Firm of Nucingen.] Finot concealed "a brutal nature under a mild -exterior," and his "impertinent stupidity was flecked with wit as the -bread of a laborer is flecked with garlic." [Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] -</p> -<p> -FIRMIANI, a respectable quadragenarian who in 1813 married the lady -who afterwards became Mme. Octave de Camps. He was unable, so it was -said, to offer her more than his name and his fortune. He was formerly -receiver-general in the department of Montenotte. He died in Greece in -1823. [Madame Firmiani.] -</p> -<p> -FIRMIANI (Madame). (See Camps, Mme. de.) -</p> -<p> -FISCHER, the name of three brothers, laborers in a village situated on -the extreme frontiers of Lorraine, at the foot of the Vosges. They set -out to join the army of the Rhine by reason of Republican -conscriptions. The first, Pierre, father of Lisbeth—or "Cousin Betty" -—was killed in 1815 in the Francstireurs. The second, Andre, father -of Adeline who became the wife of Baron Hulot, died at Treves in 1820. -The third, Johann, having committed some acts of peculation, at the -instigation of his nephew Hulot, while a commissary contractor in -Algiers, province of Oran, committed suicide in 1841. He was over -seventy when he killed himself. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -FISCHER (Adeline). (See Hulot, d'Ervy, Baronne Hector.) -</p> -<p> -FISCHER (Lisbeth), known as "Cousin Betty"; born in 1796; brought up a -peasant. In her childhood she had to give way to her first cousin, the -pretty Adeline, who was pampered by the whole family. In 1809 she was -called to Paris by Adeline's husband and placed as an apprentice with -the well-known Pons Brothers, embroiderers to the Imperial Court. She -became a skilled workwoman and was about to set up for herself when -the Empire was overthrown. Lisbeth was a Republican, of restive -temperament, capricious, independent and unaccountably savage. She -habitually declined to wed. She refused in succession a clerk of the -minister of war, a major, an army-contractor, a retired captain and a -wealthy lace-maker. Baron Hulot nick-named her the "Nanny-Goat." A -resident of rue du Doyenne (which ended at the Louvre and was -obliterated about 1855), where she worked for Rivet, a successor of -Pons, she made the acquaintance of her neighbor, Wenceslas Steinbock, -a Livonian exile, whom she saved from poverty and suicide, but whom -she watched with a jealous strictness. Hortense Hulot sought out and -succeeded in seeing the Pole; a wedding followed between the young -people which caused Cousin Betty a deep resentment, cunningly -concealed, but terrific in its effects. Through her Wenceslas was -introduced to the irresistible Mme. Marneffe, and the happiness of a -young household was quickly demolished. The same thing happened to -Baron Hulot whose misconduct Lisbeth secretly abetted. Lisbeth died in -1844 of a pulmonary phthisis, principally caused by chagrin at seeing -the Hulot family reunited. The relatives of the old maid never found -out her evil actions. They surrounded her bedside, caring for her and -lamenting the loss of "the angel of the family." Mlle. Fischer died on -rue Louis-le-Grand, Paris, after having dwelt in turn on rues du -Doyenne, Vaneau, Plumet (now Oudinot) and du Montparnasse, where she -managed the household of Marshal Hulot, through whom she dreamed of -wearing the countess' coronet, and for whom she donned mourning. -[Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -FITZ-WILLIAM (Miss Margaret), daughter of a rich and noble Irishman -who was the maternal uncle of Calyste du Guenic; hence the first -cousin of that young man. Mme. de Guenic, the mother, was desirous of -mating her son with Miss Margaret. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -FLAMET. (See la Billardiere, Flamet de.) -</p> -<p> -FLEURANT (Mother), ran a cafe at Croisic which Jacques Cambremer -visited. [A Seaside Tragedy.] -</p> -<p> -FLEURIOT, grenadier of the Imperial Guard, of colossal size, to whom -Philippe de Sucy entrusted Stephanie de Vandieres, during the passage -of the Beresina in 1812. Unfortunately separated from Stephanie, the -grenadier did not find her again until 1816. She had taken refuge in -an inn of Strasbourg after escaping from an insane asylum. Both were -then sheltered by Dr. Fanjat and taken to Auvergne, where Fleuriot -soon died. [Farewell.] -</p> -<p> -FLEURY, retired infantry captain, comptroller of the Cirque-Olympique, -and employed during the Restoration in Rabourdin's bureau, of the -minister of finance. He was attached to his chief, who had saved him -from destitution. A subscriber, but a poor payer, to "Victories and -Conquests." A zealous Bonapartist and Liberal. His three great men -were Napoleon, Bolivar and Beranger, all of whose ballads he knew by -heart, and sang in a sweet, sonorous voice. He was swamped with debt. -His skill at fencing and small-arms kept him from Bixiou's jests. He -was likewise much feared by Dutocq who flattered him basely. Fleury -was discharged after the nomination of Baudoyer as chief of division -in December, 1824. He did not take it to heart, saying that he had at -his disposal a managing editorship in a journal. [The Government -Clerks.] In 1840, still working for the above theatre, Fleury became -manager of "L'Echo de la Bievre," the paper owned by Thuillier. -[The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -FLICOTEAUX, rival of Rousseau the Aquatic. Historic, legendary and -strictly honest restaurant-keeper in the Latin quarter between rue de -la Harpe and rue des Gres—Cujas—enjoying the custom, in 1821-22, of -Daniel d'Arthez, Etienne Lousteau and Lucien Chardon de Rubempre. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -FLORENT, partner of Chanor; they were manufacturers and dealers in -bronze, rue des Tournelles, Paris, time of Louis Philippe. [Cousin -Betty. Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -FLORENTNE. (See Cabirolle, Agathe-Florentine.) -</p> -<p> -FLORIMOND (Madame), dealer in linens, rue Vielle-du-Temple, Paris, -1844-45. Maintained by an "old fellow" who made her his heir, thanks -to Fraisier, the man of business, whom she perhaps would have married -through gratitude, had it not been for his physical condition. [Cousin -Pons.] -</p> -<p> -FLORINE. (See Nathan, Mme. Raoul.) -</p> -<p> -FLORVILLE (La), actress at the Panorama-Dramatique in 1821. Among her -contemporaries were Coralie, Florine, and Bouffe, or Vignol. On the -first night performance of "The Alcade," she played in a -curtain-raiser, "Bertram." For a few days she was the mistress of a -Russian prince who took her to Saint-Mande, paying her manager a good -sum for her absence from the theatre. [A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] -</p> -<p> -FOEDORA (Comtesse), born about 1805. Of Russian lower class origin and -wonderfully beautiful. Espoused perhaps morganatically by a great lord -of the land. Left a widow she reigned over Paris in 1827. Supposed to -have an income of eighty thousand francs. She received in her -drawing-rooms all the notables of the period, and there "appeared all -the works of fiction that were not published anywhere else." Raphael -de Valentin was presented to the countess by Rastignac and fell -desperately in love with her. But he left her house one day never to -return, being definitely persuaded that she was "a woman without a -heart." Her memory was cruel, and her address enough to drive a -diplomat to despair. Although the Russian ambassador did not receive -her, she had entry into the set of Mme. de Serizy; visited with Mme. -de Nucingen and Mme. de Restaud; received the Duchesse de Carigliano, -the haughtiest of the Bonapartist clique. She had listened to many -young dandies, and to the son of a peer of France, who had offered her -their names in exchange for her fortune. [The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -FONTAINE (Madame), fortune teller, Paris, rue Vielle-du-Temple, time -of Louis Philippe. At one time a cook. Born in 1767. Earned a -considerable amount of money, but previously had lost heavily in a -lottery. After the suppression of this game of chance she saved up for -the benefit of a nephew. In her divinations Mme. Fontaine made use of -a giant toad named Astaroth, and of a black hen with bristling -feathers, called Cleopatra or Bilouche. These two animals caught -Gazonal's eye in 1845, when in company with De Lora and Bixiou he -visited the fortune-teller's. The Southerner, however, asked only a -five-franc divination, while in the same year Mme. Cibot, who came to -consult her on an important matter, had to pay a hundred francs. -According to Bixiou, "a third of the lorettes, a fourth of the -statesmen and a half of the artists" consulted Mme. Fontaine. She was -the Egeria of a minister, and also looked for "a tidy fortune," which -Bilouche had promised her. [The Unconscious Humorists. Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -FONTAINE (Comte de), one of the leaders of the Vendee, in 1799, and -then known as Grand-Jacques. [The Chouans.] One of the confidential -advisers of Louis XVIII. Field marshal, councillor of state, -comptroller of the extraordinary domains of the realm, deputy and peer -of France under Charles X.; decorated with the cross of the Legion of -Honor and the Order of Saint Louis. Head of one of the oldest houses -of Poitou. Had married a Mlle. de Kergarouet, who had no fortune, but -who came of a very old Brittany family related to the Rohans. Was the -father of three sons and three daughters. The oldest son became -president of a court, married the daughter of a multi-millionaire salt -merchant. The second son, a lieutenant-general, married Mlle. Monegod, -a rich banker's daughter whom the aunt of Duc d'Herouville had refused -to consider for her nephew. [Modeste Mignon.] The third son, director -of a Paris municipality, then director-general in the Department of -Finance, married the only daughter of M. Grossetete, receiver-general -at Bourges. Of the three daughters, the first married M. Planat at -Baudry, receiver-general; the second married Baron de Villaine, a -magistrate of bourgeois origin ennobled by the king; the third, -Emilie, married her old uncle, the Comte de Kergarouet, and after his -death, Marquis Charles de Vandenesse. [The Ball at Sceaux.] The Comte -de Fontaine and his family were present at the Birotteau ball, and -after the perfumer's bankruptcy procured a situation for him. [Cesar -Birotteau.] He died in 1824. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -FONTAINE (Baronne de), born Anna Grossetete, only daughter of the -receiver-general of Bourges. Attended the school of Mlles. Chamarolles -with Dinah Piedefer, who became Mme. de la Baudraye. Thanks to her -fortune she married the third son of the Comte de Fontaine. She -removed to Paris after her marriage and kept up correspondence with -her old school-mate who now lived at Sancerre. She kept her informed -as to the prevailing styles. Later at the first performance of one of -Nathan's dramas, about the middle of the reign of Louis Philippe, Anna -de Fontaine affected not to recognize this same Mme. de la Baudraye, -then the known mistress of Etienne Lousteau. [The Muse of the -Department.] -</p> -<p> -FONTANIEU (Madame), friend and neighbor of Mme. Vernier at Vouvray in -1831. The jolliest gossip and greatest joker in town. She was present -at the interview between the insane Margaritis and Felix Gaudissart, -when the drummer was so much at sea. [Gaudissart the Great.] -</p> -<p> -FONTANON (Abbe), born about 1770. Canon of Bayeux cathedral in the -beginning of the nineteenth century when he "guided the consciences" -of Mme. and Mlle. Bontems. In November, 1808, he got himself enrolled -with the Parisian clergy, hoping thus to obtain a curacy and -eventually a bishopric. He became again the confessor of Mlle. -Bontems, now the wife of M. de Granville, and contributed to the -trouble of that household by the narrowness of his provincial -Catholicism and his inflexible bigotry. He finally disclosed to the -magistrate's wife the relations of Granville with Caroline Crochard. -He also brought sorrow to the last moments of Mme. Crochard, the -mother. [A Second Home.] In December, 1824, at Saint-Roch he -pronounced the funeral oration of Baron Flamet de la Billardiere. [The -Government Clerks.] Previous to 1824 Abbe Fontanon was vicar at the -church of Saint Paul, rue Saint-Antoine. [Honorine.] Confessor of Mme. -de Lanty in 1839, and always eager to pry into family secrets, he -undertook an affair with Dorlange-Sallenauve in the interest of -Mariannina de Lanty. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -FORTIN (Madame), mother of Mme. Marneffe. Mistress of General de -Montcornet, who had lavished money on her during his visits to Paris -which she had entirely squandered, under the Empire, in the wildest -dissipations. For twenty years she queened it, but died in poverty -though still believing herself rich. Her daughter inherited from her -the tastes of a courtesan. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -FORTIN (Valerie), daughter of preceding and of General de Montcornet. -(See Crevel, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -FOSSEUSE (La), orphan daughter of a grave-digger, whence the -nick-name. Born in 1807. Frail, nervous, independent, retiring at first, -she tried hiring out, but then fell into vagrant habits. Reared in a -village on the outskirts of Grenoble, where Dr. Benassis came to live -during the Restoration, she became an object of special attention on -the part of the physician who became keenly interested in the gentle, -loyal, peculiar and impressionable creature. La Fosseuse though homely -was not without charm. She may have loved her benefactor. [The Country -Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -FOUCHE (Joseph), Duc d'Otrante, born near Nantes in 1753; died in -exile at Trieste in 1820. Oratorian, member of the National -Convention, councillor of state, minister of police under the -Consulate and Empire, also chief of the department of the Interior and -of the government of the Illyrian provinces, and president of the -provisional government in 1815. In September, 1799, Colonel Hulot -said: "Bernadotte, Carnot, even citizen Talleyrand—all have left us. -In a word we have with us but a single good patriot, friend Fouche, -who holds everything by means of the police. There's a man for you!" -Fouche took especial care of Corentin who was perhaps his natural son. -He sent him to Brittany during an uprising in the year VIII, to -accompany and direct Mlle. de Verneuil, who was commissioned to betray -and capture the Marquis de Montauran, the Chouan leader. [The -Chouans.] In 1806 he caused Senator Malin de Gondreville to be -kidnapped by masked men in order that the Chateau de Gondreville might -be searched for important papers which, however, proved as -compromising for Fouche as for the senator. This kidnapping, which was -charged against Michu, the Simeuses and the Hauteserres, led to the -execution of the first and the ruin of the others. In 1833, Marsay, -president of the ministerial chamber, while explaining the mysteries -of the affair to the Princesse de Cadignan, paid this tribute to -Fouche: "A genius dark, deep and extraordinary, little understood but -certainly the peer of Philip II., Tiberius or Borgia." [The -Gondreville Mystery.] In 1809 Fouche and Peyrade saved France in -connection with the Walcheren episode; but on the return of the -Emperor from the Wagram campaign Fouche was rewarded by dismissal. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -FOUQUEREAU, concierge to M. Jules Desmarets, stock-broker, rue Menars -in 1820. Specially employed to look after Mme. Desmarets. [The -Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -FOURCHON, retired farmer of the Ronquerolles estate, near the forest -of Aigues, Burgundy. Had also been a schoolmaster and a mail-carrier. -An old man and a confirmed toper since his wife's death. At Blangy in -1823 he performed the three-fold duties of public clerk for three -districts, assistant to a justice of the peace, and clarionet player. -At the same time he followed the trade of rope-maker with his -apprentice Mouche, the natural son of one of his natural daughters. -But his chief income was derived from catching otters. Fourchon was -the father-in-law of Tonsard, who ran the Grand-I-Vert tavern. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -FOY (Maximilien-Sebastien), celebrated general and orator born in 1775 -at Ham; died at Paris in 1825. [Cesar Birotteau.] In 1821, General -Foy, while in the shop of Dauriat talking with an editor of the -"Constitutionnel" and the manager of "La Minerve," noticed the beauty -of Lucien de Rubempre, who had come in with Lousteau to dispose of -some sonnets. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -FRAISIER, born about 1814, probably at Mantes. Son of a cobbler; an -advocate and man of business at No. 9 rue de la Perle, Paris, in -1844-45. Began as copy-clerk at Couture's office. After serving -Desroches as head-clerk for six years he bought the practice of -Levroux, an advocate of Mantes, where he had occasion to meet Leboeuf, -Vinet, Vatinelle and Bouyonnet. But he soon had to sell out and leave -town on account of violating professional ethics. Whereupon he opened -up a consultation office in Paris. A friend of Dr. Poulain who -attended the last days of Sylvain Pons, he gave crafty counsel to Mme. -Cibot, who coveted the chattels of the old bachelor. He also assured -the Camusot de Marvilles that they should be the legatees of the old -musician despite the faithful Schmucke. In 1845 he succeeded Vitel as -justice of the peace; the coveted place being secured for him by -Camusot de Marville, as a fee for his services. In Normandy he again -acted successfully for this family. Fraisier was a dried-up little man -with a blotched face and an unpleasant odor. At Mantes a certain Mme. -Vatinelle nevertheless "made eyes at him"; and he lived at Marais with -a servant-mistress, Dame Sauvage. But he missed more than one -marriage, not being able to win either his client, Mme. Florimond, or -the daughter of Tabareau. To tell the truth De Marville advised him to -leave the latter alone. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -FRANCHESSINI (Colonel), born about 1789, served in the Imperial Guard, -and was one of the most dashing colonels of the Restoration, but was -forced to resign on account of a slur on his character. In 1808, to -provide for foolish expenditures into which a woman led him, he forged -certain notes. Jacques Collin—Vautrin—took the crime to himself and -was sent to the galleys for several years. In 1819 Franchessini killed -young Taillefer in a duel, at the instigation of Vautrin. The -following year he was with Lady Brandon—probably his mistress—at the -grand ball given by the Vicomtesse de Beauseant, just before her -flight. In 1839, Franchessini was a leading member of the Jockey club, -and held the rank of colonel in the National Guard. Married a rich -Irishwoman who was devout and charitable and lived in one of the -finest mansions of the Breda quarter. Elected deputy, and being an -intimate friend of Rastignac, he evinced open hostility for Sallenauve -and voted against his being seated in order to gratify Maxime de -Trailles. [Father Goriot. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -FRANCOIS (Abbe), cure of the parish at Alencon in 1816. "A Cheverus on -a small scale" he had taken the constitutional oath during the -Revolution and for this reason was despised by the "ultras" of the -town although he was a model of charity and virtue. Abbe Francois -frequented the homes of M. and Mme. du Bousquier and M. and Mme. -Granson; but M. du Bousquier and Athanase Granson were the only ones -to give him cordial welcome. In his last days he became reconciled -with the curate of Saint-Leonard, Alencon's aristocratic church, and -died universally lamented. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -FRANCOIS, head valet to Marshal de Montcornet at Aigues in 1823. -Attached specially to Emile Blondet when the journalist visited them. -Salary twelve hundred francs. In his master's confidence. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -FRANCOIS, in 1822, stage-driver between Paris and Beaumont-sur-Oise, -in the service of the Touchard Company. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -FRANCOISE, servant of Mme. Crochard, rue Saint-Louis in Marais in -1822. Toothless woman of thirty years' service. Was present at her -mistress' death-bed. This was the fourth she had buried. [A Second -Home.] -</p> -<p> -FRAPPART, in 1839, at Arcis-sur-Aube, proprietor of a dance-hall where -was held the primary, presided over by Colonel Giguet, which nominated -Sallenauve. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -FRAPPIER, finest carpenter in Provins in 1827-28. It was to him that -Jacques Brigaut came as apprentice when he went to the town to be near -his childhood's friend, Pierrette Lorrain. Frappier took care of her -when she left Rogron's house. Frappier was married. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -FREDERIC, one of the editors of Finot's paper in 1821, who reported -the Theatre-Francais and the Odeon. [A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] -</p> -<p> -FRELU (La Grande), girl of Croisic who had a child by Simon Gaudry. -Nurse to Pierrette Cambremer whose mother died when she was very -young. [A Seaside Tragedy.] -</p> -<p> -FRESCONI, an Italian who, during the Restoration and until 1828, ran a -nursery on Boulevard du Montparnasse. The business was not a success. -Barbet the book-seller was interested in it; he turned it into a -lodging-house, where dwelt Baron Bourlac. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -FRESQUIN, former supervisor of roads and bridges. Married and father -of a family. Employed, time of Louis Philippe, by Gregoire Gerard in -the hydraulic operations for Mme. Graslin at Montegnac. In 1843 -Fresquin was appointed district tax collector. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -FRISCH (Samuel), Jewish jeweler on rue Saint-Avoie in 1829. Furnisher -and creditor of Esther Gobseck. A general pawnbroker. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -FRITAUD (Abbe), priest of Sancerre in 1836. [The Muse of the -Department.] -</p> -<p> -FRITOT, dealer in shawls on the stock exchange, Paris, time of Louis -Philippe. Rival of Gaudissart. He sold an absurd shawl for six -thousand francs to Mistress Noswell, an eccentric Englishwoman. Fritot -was once invited to dine with the King. [Gaudissart II.] -</p> -<p> -FRITOT (Madame), wife of preceding. [Gaudissart II.] -</p> -<p> -FROIDFROND (Marquis de), born about 1777. Gentleman of Maine-et-Loire. -While very young he became insolvent and sold his chateau near -Saumur, which was bought at a low price for Felix Grandet by Cruchot -the notary, in 1811. About 1827 the marquis was a widower with -children, and was spoken of as a possible peer of France. At this time -Mme. des Grassins tried to persuade Eugenie Grandet, now an orphan, -that she would do well to wed the marquis, and that this marriage was -a pet scheme of her father. And again in 1832 when Eugenie was left a -widow by Cruchot de Bonfons, the family of the marquis tried to -arrange a marriage with him. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -FROMAGET, apothecary at Arcis-sur-Aube, time of Louis Philippe. As his -patronage did not extend to the Gondrevilles, he was disposed to work -against Keller; that is why he probably voted for Giguet in 1839. [The -Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -FROMENTEAU, police-agent. With Contenson he had belonged to the -political police of Louis XVIII. In 1845 he aided in unearthing -prisoners for debt. Being encountered at the home of Theodore Gaillard -by Gazonal, he revealed some curious details concerning different -kinds of police to the bewildered countryman. [The Unconscious -Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -FUNCAL (Comte de), an assumed name of Bourignard, when he was met -at the Spanish Embassy, Paris, about 1820, by Henri de Marsay and -Auguste de Maulincour. There was a real Comte de Funcal, a -Portuguese-Brazilian, who had been a sailor, and whom Bourignard -duplicated exactly. He may have been "suppressed" violently by the -usurper of his name. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0010"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - G -</h2> -<p> -GABILLEAU, deserter from the Seventeenth infantry; chauffeur executed -at Tulle, during the Empire, on the very day when he had planned an -escape. Was one of the accomplices of Farrabesche who profited by a -hole made in his dungeon by the condemned man to make his own escape. -[The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -GABRIEL, born about 1790; messenger at the Department of Finance, and -check-receiver at the Theatre Royal, during the Restoration. A -Savoyard, and nephew of Antoine, the oldest messenger in the -department. Husband of a skilled lace-maker and shawl-mender. He lived -with his uncle Antoine and another relative employed in the -department, Laurent. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -GABUSSON, cashier in the employ of Dauriat the editor in 1821. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -GAILLARD (Theodore), journalist, proprietor or manager of newspapers. -In 1822 he and Hector Merlin established a Royalist paper in which -Rubempre, palinodist, aired opinions favorable to the existing -government, and slashed a very good book of his friend Daniel -d'Arthez. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] Under Louis Philippe -he was one of the owners of a very important political sheet. -[Beatrix. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] In 1845 he ran a strong -paper. At first a man of wit, "he ended by becoming stupid on account -of staying in the same environment." He interlarded his speech with -epigrams from popular pieces, pronouncing them with the emphasis given -by famous actors. Gaillard was good with his Odry and still better -with Lemaitre. He lived at rue Menars. There he was met by Lora, -Bixiou and Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -GAILLARD (Madame Theodore), born at Alencon about 1800. Given name -Suzanne. "A Norman beauty, fresh, blooming, and sturdy." One of the -employes of Mme. Lardot, the laundress, in 1816, the year when she -left her native town after having obtained some money of M. du -Bousquier by persuading him that she was with child by him. The -Chevalier de Valois liked Suzanne immensely, but did not allow himself -to be caught in this trap. Suzanne went to Paris and speedily became a -fashionable courtesan. Shortly thereafter she reappeared at Alencon -for a visit to attend Athanase Granson's funeral. She mourned with the -desolate mother, saying to her on leaving: "I loved him!" At the same -time she ridiculed the marriage of Mlle. Cormon with M. du Bousquier, -thus avenging the deceased and Chevalier de Valois. [Jealousies of a -Country Town.] Under the name of Mme. du Val-Noble she became noted in -the artistic and fashionable set. In 1821-22, she became the mistress -of Hector Merlin. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Bachelor's -Establishment.] After having been maintained by Jacques Falleix, the -broker who failed, she was for a short time in 1830 mistress of -Peyrade who was concealed under the name of Samuel Johnson, "the -nabob." She was acquainted with Esther Gobseck, who lived on rue -Saint-Georges in a mansion that had been fitted up for her—Suzanne -—by Falleix, and obtained by Nucingen for Esther. [Scenes in a -Courtesan's Life.] In 1838 she married Theodore Gaillard her lover -since 1830. In 1845 she received Lora, Bixiou, and Gazonal. [Beatrix. -The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -GAILLARD, one of three guards who succeeded Courtecuisse, and under -the orders of Michaud, in the care of the estate of General de -Montcornet at Aigues. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GALARD, market-gardener of Auteuil; father of Mme. Lemprun, maternal -grandfather of Mme. Jerome Thuillier. He died, very aged, of an -accident in 1817. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GALARD (Mademoiselle), old maid, landed proprietor at Besancon, rue du -Perron. She let the first floor of her house to Albert Savarus, in -1834. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -GALARDON (Madame), nee Tiphaine, elder sister of M. Tiphaine, -president of the court at Provins. Married at first to a Guenee, she -kept one of the largest retail dry-goods shops in Paris, on rue -Saint-Denis. Towards the end of the year 1815 she sold out to Rogron -and went back to Provins. She had three daughters whom she provided -with husbands in the little town: the eldest married M. Lesourd, king's -attorney; the second, M. Martener a physician; the third, M. Auffray a -notary. Finally she herself married for her second husband, M. -Galardon, receiver of taxes. She invariably added to her signature, -"nee Tiphaine." She defended Pierrette Lorrain, and was at outs with -the Liberals of Provins, who were induced to persecute Rogron's ward. -[Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -GALATHIONNE (Prince and Princess), Russians. The prince was one of the -lovers of Diane de Maufrigneuse. [The Secrets of a Princess.] In -September, 1815, he protected La Minoret a celebrated opera dancer, to -whose daughter he gave a dowry. [The Middle Classes.] In 1819 Marsay, -appearing in the box of the Princess Galathionne, at the Italiens, had -Mme. de Nucingen at his mercy. [Father Goriot.] In 1821 Lousteau said -that the story of the Prince Galathionne's diamonds, the Maubreuil -affair and the Pombreton will, were fruitful newspaper topics. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] In 1834-35, the princess gave -balls which the Comtesse Felix de Vandenesse attended. [A Daughter of -Eve.] About 1840 the prince tried to get Mme. Schontz away from the -Marquis de Rochefide; but she said: "Prince, you are no handsomer, but -you are older than Rochefide. You would beat me, while he is like a -father to me." [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -GALOPE-CHOPINE. (See Cibot.) -</p> -<p> -GAMARD (Sophie), old maid; owner of a house at Tours on rue de la -Psalette, which backed the Saint Gatien church. She let part of it to -priests. Here lodged the Abbes Troubert, Chapeloud and Francois -Birotteau. The house had been purchased during the Terror by the -father of Mlle. Gamard, a dealer in wood, a kind of parvenu peasant. -After receiving Abbe Birotteau most cordially she took a disliking to -him which was secretly fostered by Troubert, and she finally -dispossessed him, seizing the furniture which he valued so greatly. -Mlle. Gamard died in 1826 of a chill. Troubert circulated the report -that Birotteau had caused her death by the sorrow which he had caused -the old maid. [The Vicar of Tours.] -</p> -<p> -GAMBARA (Paolo), musician, born at Cremona in 1791; son of an -instrument-maker, a moderately good performer and a great composer who -was driven from his home by the French and ruined by the war. These -events consigned Paolo Gambara to a wandering existence from the age -of ten. He found little quietude and obtained no congenial situation -till about 1813 in Venice. At this time he put on an opera, "Mahomet," -at the Fenice theatre, which failed miserably. Nevertheless he -obtained the hand of Marianina, whom he loved, and with her wandered -through Germany to settle finally in Paris in 1831, in a wretched -apartment on rue Froidmanteau. The musician, an accomplished theorist, -could not interpret intelligently any of his remarkable ideas and he -would play to his wondering auditors jumbled compositions which he -thought to be sublime inspirations. However he enthusiastically -analyzed "Robert le Diable," having heard Meyerbeer's masterpiece -while a guest of Andrea Marcosini. In 1837 he was reduced to mending -musical instruments, and occasionally he went with his wife to sing -duets in the open air on the Champs-Elysees, to pick up a few sous. -Emilio and Massimilla de Varese were deeply sympathetic of the -Gambaras, whom they met in the neighborhood of Faubourg Saint-Honore. -Paolo Gambara had no commonsense except when drunk. He had invented an -outlandish instrument which he called the "panharmonicon." [Gambara.] -</p> -<p> -GAMBARA (Marianina), Venetian, wife of Paolo Gambara. With him she led -a life of almost continual poverty, and for a long time maintained -them at Paris by her needle. Her clients on rue Froidmanteau were -mostly profligate women, who however were kind and generous towards -her. From 1831 to 1836 she left her husband, going with a lover, -Andrea Marcosini, who abandoned her at the end of five years to marry -a dancer; and in January, 1837, she returned to her husband's home -emaciated, withered and faded, "a sort of nervous skeleton," to resume -a life of still greater squalor. [Gambara.] -</p> -<p> -GANDOLPHINI (Prince), Neapolitan, former partisan of King Murat. A -victim of the last Revolution he was, in 1823, banished and poverty -stricken. At this time he was sixty-five years old, though he looked -eighty. He lived modestly enough with his young wife at Gersau -—Lucerne—under the English name of Lovelace. He also passed for a -certain Lamporani, who was at that time a well-known publisher of -Milan. When in the presence of Rodolphe the prince resumed his true -self he said: "I know how to make up. I was an actor during the Empire -with Bourrienne, Mme. Murat, Mme. d'Abrantes, and any number of -others."—Character in a novel "L'Ambitieux par Amour," published by -Albert Savarus, in the "Revue de l'Est," in 1834. Under this -fictitious name the author related his own history: Rodolphe was -himself and the Prince and Princesse Gandolphini were the Duc and -Duchesse d'Argaiolo. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -GANDOLPHINI (Princesse), nee Francesca Colonna, a Roman of illustrious -origin, fourth child of the Prince and Princess Colonna. While very -young she married Prince Gandolphini, one of the richest landed -proprietors of Sicily. Under the name of Miss Lovelace, she met -Rodolphe in Switzerland and he fell in love with her.—Heroine of a -novel entitled "L'Ambitieux par Amour," by Albert Savarus. [Albert -Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -GANIVET, bourgeois of Issoudun, In 1822, in a conversation where -Maxence Gilet was discussed, Commandant Potel threatened to make -Ganivet "swallow his tongue without sauce" if he continued to slander -the lover of Flore Brazier. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -GANIVET (Mademoiselle), a woman of Issoudun "as ugly as the seven -capital sins." Nevertheless she succeeded in winning a certain -Borniche-Hereau who in 1778 left her an income of a thousand crowns. -[A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -GANNERAC, in transfer business at Angouleme. In 1821-22 he was -involved in the affair of the notes endorsed by Rubempre in imitation -of the signature of his brother-in-law Sechard. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -GARANGEOT, in 1845 conducted the orchestra in a theatre run by Felix -Gaudissart, succeeding Sylvain Pons to the baton. Cousin of Heloise -Brisetout, who obtained the place for him. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -GARCELAND, mayor of Provins during the Restoration. Son-in-law of -Guepin. Indirectly protected Pierrette Lorrain from the Liberals of -the village led by Maitre Vinet, who acted for Rogron. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -GARCENAULT (De), first president of the Court of Besancon in 1834. He -got the chapter of the cathedral to secure Albert Savarus as counsel -in a lawsuit between the chapter and the city. Savarus won the suit. -[Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -GARNERY, one of two special detectives in May, 1830, authorized by the -attorney-general, De Granville, to seize certain letters written to -Lucien de Rubempre by Mme. de Serizy, the Duchesse de Maufrigneuse and -Mlle. Clotilde de Grandlieu. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -GASNIER, peasant living near Grenoble; born about 1789. Married and -the father of several children whom he loved dearly. Inconsolable at -the loss of the eldest. Doctor Benassis, mayor of the commune, -mentioned this parental affection as a rare instance among tillers of -the soil. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -GASSELIN, a Breton born in 1794; servant of the Guenics of Guerande, -in 1836, having been in their employ since he was fifteen. A short, -stout fellow with black hair, furrowed face; silent and slow. He took -care of the garden and stables. In 1832 in the foolish venture of -Duchesse de Berry, in which Gasselin took part with the Baron du -Guenic and his son Calyste, the faithful servant received a sabre cut -on the shoulder, while shielding the young man. This action seemed so -natural to the family that Gasselin received small thanks. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -GASTON (Louis), elder natural son of Lady Brandon, born in 1805. Left -an orphan in the early years of the Restoration, he was, though still -a child, like a father to his younger brother Marie Gaston, whom he -placed in college at Tours; after which he himself shipped as -cabin-boy on a man-of-war. After being raised to the rank of captain -of an American ship and becoming wealthy in India, he died at Calcutta, -during the first part of the reign of Louis Philippe, as a result of -the failure of the "famous Halmer," and just as he was starting back -to France, married and happy. [La Grenadiere. Letters of Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -GASTON (Marie), second natural son of Lady Brandon; born in 1810. -Educated at the college of Tours, which he quitted in 1827. Poet; -protege of Daniel d'Arthez, who often gave him food and shelter. In -1831 he met Louise de Chaulieu, the widow of Macumer, at the home of -Mme. d'Espard. He married her in October, 1833, though she was older -than he, and he was encumbered with debts amounting to 30,000 francs. -The couple living quietly at Ville-d'Avray, were happy until a day -when the jealous Louise conceived unjustifiable suspicions concerning -the fidelity of her husband; on which account she died after they had -been married two years. During these two years Gaston wrote at least -four plays. One of them written in collaboration with his wife was -presented with the greatest success under the names of Nathan and -"others." [La Grenadiere. Letters of Two Brides.] In his early youth -Gaston had published, at the expense of his friend Dorlange, a volume -of poetry, "Les Perce-neige," the entire edition of which found its -way, at three sous the volume, to a second-hand book-shop, whence, one -fine day, it inundated the quays from Pont Royal to Pont Marie. [The -Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -GASTON (Madame Louis), an Englishwoman of cold, distant manners; wife -of Louis Gaston; probably married him in India where he died as a -result of unfortunate business deals. As a widow she came to France -with two children, where without resource she became a charge to her -brother-in-law who visited and aided her secretly. She lived in Paris -on rue de la Ville-Eveque. The visits made by Marie Gaston were spoken -of to his wife who became jealous, not knowing their object. Mme. -Louis Gaston was thus innocently the cause of Mme. Marie Gaston's -death. [Letters of Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -GASTON (Madame Marie), born Armande-Louise-Marie de Chaulieu, in 1805. -At first destined to take the veil; educated at the Carmelite convent -of Blois with Renee de Maucombe who became Mme. de l'Estorade. She -remained constant in her relations with this faithful friend—at least -by letter—who was a prudent and wise adviser. In 1825 Louise married -her professor in Spanish, the Baron de Macumer, whom she lost in 1829. -In 1833 she married the poet Marie Gaston. Both marriages were -sterile. In the first she was adored and believed that she loved; in -the second she was loved as much as she loved, but her insane -jealousy, and her horseback rides from Ville-d'Avray to Verdier's were -her undoing, and she died in 1835 of consumption, contracted purposely -through despair at the thought that she had been deceived. After -leaving the convent she had lived successively at the following -places: on Faubourg Saint-Germain, Paris, where she saw M. de Bonald; -at Chantepleur, an estate in Burgundy, at La Crampade, in Provence, -with Mme. de l'Estorade; in Italy; at Ville-d'Avray, where she sleeps -her last sleep in a park of her own planning. [Letters of Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -GATIENNE, servant of Mme. and Mlle. Bontems, at Bayeux, in 1805. [A -Second Home.] -</p> -<p> -GAUBERT, one of the most illustrious generals of the Republic; first -husband of a Mlle. de Ronquerolles whom he left a widow at the age of -twenty, making her his heir. She married again in 1806, choosing the -Comte de Serizy. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -GAUBERTIN (Francois), born about 1770; son of the ex-sheriff of -Soulanges, Burgundy, before the Revolution. About 1791, after five -years' clerkship to the steward of Mlle. Laguerre at Aigues, he -succeeded to the stewardship. His father having become public -prosecutor in the department, time of the Republic, he was made mayor -of Blangy. In 1796 he married the "citizeness" Isaure Mouchon, by whom -he had three children: a son, Claude, and two daughters, Jenny—Mme. -Leclercq—and Eliza. He had also a natural son, Bournier, whom he -placed in charge of a local newspaper. At the death of Mlle. Laguerre, -Gaubertin, after twenty-five years of stewardship, possessed 600,000 -francs. He ended by dreaming of acquiring the estate at Aigues; but -the Comte de Montcornet purchased it, retained him in charge, caught -him one day in a theft and discharged him summarily. Gaubertin -received at that time sundry lashes with a whip of which he said -nothing, but for which he revenged himself. The old steward became, -nevertheless, a person of importance. In 1820 he was mayor of -Ville-aux-Fayes, and supplied one-third of the Paris wood. Being -general agent of this rural industry, he managed the forests, lumber -and guards. Gaubertin was related throughout a whole district, like -a "boa-constrictor twisted around a gigantic tree"; the church, the -magistracy, the municipality, the government—all did his bidding. -Even the peasantry served his interests indirectly. When the general, -disgusted by the numberless vexations of his estate, wished to sell -the property at Aigues, Gaubertin bought the forests, while his -partners, Rigou and Soudry, acquired the vineyards and other grounds. -[The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GAUBERTIN (Madame), born Isaure Mouchon in 1778. Daughter of a member -of the Convention and friend of Gaubertin senior. Wife of Francois -Gaubertin. An affected creature of Ville-aux-Fayes who played the -great lady mightily. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GAUBERTIN (Claude), son of Francois Gaubertin, godson of Mlle. -Laguerre, at whose expense he was educated at Paris. The busiest -attorney at Ville-aux-Fayes in 1823. After five years' practice he -spoke of selling his office. He probably became judge. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GAUBERTIN (Jenny), elder daughter of Francois Gaubertin. (See -Leclercq, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -GAUBERTIN (Elisa or Elise), second daughter of Francois Gaubertin. -Loved, courted and longed for since 1819 by the sub-prefect of -Ville-aux-Fayes, M. des Lupeaulx—the nephew. M. Lupin, notary at -Soulanges, sought on his part the young girl's hand for his only son -Amaury. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GAUBERTIN-VALLAT (Mademoiselle), old maid, sister of Mme. Sibilet, -wife of the clerk of the court at Ville-aux-Fayes, in 1823. She ran -the town's stamp office. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GAUCHER was in 1803 a boy working for Michu. [The Gondreville -Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -GAUDET, second clerk in Desroches' law office in 1824. [A Start in -Life.] -</p> -<p> -GAUDIN, chief of squadron in the mounted grenadiers of the Imperial -Guard; made baron of the Empire, with the estate of Wistchnau. Made -prisoner by Cossacks at the passage of the Beresina, he escaped, going -to India where he was lost sight of. However he returned to France -about 1830, in bad health, but a multi-millionaire. [The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -GAUDIN (Madame), wife of foregoing, managed the Hotel Saint-Quentin, -rue des Cordiers, Paris, during the Restoration. Among her guests was -Raphael de Valentin. Her husband's return in 1830 made her wealthy and -a baroness. [The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -GAUDIN (Pauline), daughter of the foregoing. Was acquainted with, -loved, and modestly aided Raphael de Valentin, a poor lodger at Hotel -Saint-Quintin. After the return of her father she lived with her -parents on rue Saint-Lazare. For a long time her whereabouts were -unknown to Raphael who had quitted the hotel abruptly; then he met her -again one evening at the Italiens. They fell into each other's arms, -declaring their mutual love. Raphael who also had become rich resolved -to espouse Pauline; but frightened by the shrinkage of the "magic -skin" he fled precipitately and returned to Paris. Pauline hastened -after him, only to behold him die upon her breast in a transport of -furious, impotent love. [The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -GAUDISSART (Jean-Francois), father of Felix Gaudissart. [Cesar -Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -GAUDISSART (Felix), native of Normandy, born about 1792, a "great" -commercial traveler making a specialty of the hat trade. Known to the -Finots, having been in the employ of the father of Andoche. Also -handled all the "articles of Paris." In 1816 he was arrested on the -denunciation of Peyrade—Pere Canquoelle. He had imprudently conversed -in the David cafe with a retired officer concerning a conspiracy -against the Bourbons that was about to break out. Thus the conspiracy -was thwarted and two men were sent to the scaffold. Gaudissart being -released by Judge Popinot was ever after grateful to the magistrate -and devoted to the interests of his nephew. When he became minister, -Anselme Popinot obtained for Gaudissart license for a large theatre on -the boulevard, which in 1834 aimed to supply the demand for popular -opera. This theatre employed Sylvain Pons, Schmucke, Schwab, Garangeot -and Heloise Brisetout, Felix's mistress. [Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life. Cousin Pons.] "Gaudissart the Great," then a young man, attended -the Birotteau ball. About that time he probably lived on rue des -Deux-Ecus, Paris. [Cesar Birotteau.] During the Restoration, a "pretended -florist's agent" sent by Judge Popinot to Comte Octave de Bauvan, he -bought at exorbitant prices the artificial flowers made by Honorine. -[Honorine.] At Vouvray in 1831 this man, so accustomed to fool others, -was himself mystified in rather an amusing manner by a retired dyer, a -sort of "country Figaro" named Vernier. A bloodless duel resulted. -After the episode, Gaudissart boasted that the affair had been to his -advantage. He was "in this Saint-Simonian period" the lover of Jenny -Courand. [Gaudissart the Great.] -</p> -<p> -GAUDRON (Abbe), an Auvergnat; vicar and then curate of the church of -Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis, rue Saint-Antoine, Paris, during the -Restoration and the Government of July. A peasant filled with faith, -square below and above, a "sacerdotal ox" utterly ignorant of the -world and of literature. Being confessor of Isidore Baudoyer he -endeavored in 1824 to further the promotion of that incapable chief of -bureau in the Department of Finance. In the same year he was present -at a dinner at the Comte de Bauvan's when were discussed questions -relating to woman. [The Government Clerks. Honorine.] In 1826 Abbe -Gaudron confessed Mme. Clapart and led her into devout paths; the -former Aspasia of the Directory had not confessed for forty years. In -February, 1830, the priest obtained the Dauphiness' protection for -Oscar Husson, son of Mme. Clapart by her first husband, and that young -man was promoted to a sub-lieutenancy in a regiment where he had been -serving as subaltern. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -GAULT, warden of the Conciergerie in May, 1830, when Jacques Collin -and Rubempre were imprisoned there. He was then aged. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -GAY, boot-maker in Paris, rue de la Michodiere, in 1821, who furnished -the boots for Rubempre which aroused Matifat's suspicion. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -GAZONAL (Sylvestre-Palafox-Castel), one of the most skillful weavers -in the Eastern Pyrenees; commandant of the National Guard, September, -1795. On a visit to Paris in 1845 for the settlement of an important -lawsuit he sought out his cousin, Leon de Lora, the landscape artist, -who in one day, with Bixiou the caricaturist, showed him the under -side of the city, opening up to him a whole gallery full of -"unconscious humorists"—dancers, actresses, police-agents, etc. -Thanks to his two cicerones, he won his lawsuit and returned home. -[The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -GENDRIN, caricaturist, tenant of M. Molineux, Cour Batave, in 1818. -According to his landlord, the artist was a profoundly immoral man who -drew caricatures against the government, brought bad women home with -him and made the hall uninhabitable. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -GENDRIN, brother-in-law of Gaubertin the steward of Aigues. He also -had married a daughter of Mouchon. Formerly an attorney, then for a -long time a judge of the Court of First Instance at Ville-aux-Fayes, -he at last became president of the court, through the influence of -Comte de Soulanges, under the Restoration. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GENDRIN, court counselor of a departmental seat in Burgundy, and a -distant relative of President Gendrin. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GENDRIN, only son of President Gendrin; recorder of mortgages in that -sub-prefecture in 1823. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GENDRIN-WATTEBLED (or Vatebled), born about 1733. General supervisor -of streams and forests at Soulanges, Burgundy, from the reign of Louis -XV. Was still in office in 1823. A nonagenarian he spoke, in his lucid -moments, of the jurisdiction of the Marble Table. He reigned over -Soulanges before Mme. Soudry's advent. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GENESTAS (Pierre-Joseph), cavalry officer, born in 1779. At first a -regimental lad, then a soldier. Sub-lieutenant in 1802; officer of the -Legion of Honor after the battle of Moskowa; chief of squadron in -1829. In 1814 he married the widow of his friend Renard, a subaltern. -She died soon after, leaving a child that was legally recognized by -Genestas, who entrusted him, then a young man, to the care of Dr. -Benassis. In December, 1829, Genestas was promoted to be a -lieutenant-colonel in a regiment quartered at Poitiers. [The Country -Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -GENESTAS (Madame Judith), Polish Jewess, born in 1795. Married in 1812 -after the Sarmatian custom to her lover Renard, a French -quartermaster, who was killed in 1813. Judith gave him one son, -Adrien, and survived the father one year. <i>In extremis</i> she married -Genestas a former lover, who adopted Adrien. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -GENESTAS (Adrien), adopted son of Commandant Genestas, born in 1813 to -Judith the Polish Jewess and Renard who was killed before the birth of -his son. Adrien was a living picture of his mother—olive complexion, -beautiful black eyes of a spirituelle sadness, and a head of hair too -heavy for his frail body. When sixteen he seemed but twelve. He had -fallen into bad habits, but after living with Dr. Benassis for eight -months, he was cured and became robust. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -GENEVIEVE, an idiotic peasant girl, ugly and comparatively rich. -Friend and companion of the Comtesse de Vandieres, then insane and an -inmate of the asylum of Bons-Hommes, near Isle-Adam, during the -Restoration. Jilted by a mason, Dallot, who had promised to marry her, -Genevieve lost what little sense love had aroused in her. [Farewell.] -</p> -<p> -GENOVESE, tenor at the Fenice theatre, Venice, in 1820. Born at -Bergamo in 1797. Pupil of Veluti. Having long loved La Tinti, he sang -outrageously in her presence, so long as she resisted his advances, -but regained all his powers after she yielded to him. [Massimilla -Doni.] In the winter of 1823-24, at the home of Prince Gandolphini, in -Geneva, Genovese sang with his mistress, an exiled Italian prince, and -Princess Gandolphini, the famous quartette, "Mi manca la voce." -[Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -GENTIL, old valet in service of Mme. de Bargeton, during the -Restoration. During the summer of 1821, with Albertine and Lucien de -Rubempre, he accompanied his mistress to Paris. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -GENTILLET, sold in 1835 an old diligence to Albert Savarus when the -latter was leaving Besancon after the visit on the part of Prince -Soderini. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -GENTILLET (Madame), maternal grandmother of Felix Grandet. She died in -1806 leaving considerable property. In Grandet's "drawing room" at -Saumur was a pastel of Mme. Gentillet, representing her as a -shepherdess. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -GEORGES, confidential valet of Baron de Nucingen, at Paris, time of -Charles X. Knew of his aged master's love affairs and aided or -thwarted him at will. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -GERARD (Francois-Pascal-Simon, Baron), celebrated painter—1770-1837 -—procured for Joseph Bridau in 1818 two copies of Louis XVIII.'s -portrait which were worth to the beginner, then very poor, a thousand -francs, a tidy sum for the Bridau family. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] The Parisian salon of Gerard, much sought after, had a -rival at Chaussee-d'Antin in that of Mlle. de Touches. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -GERARD, adjutant-general of the Seventy-second demi-brigade, commanded -by Hulot. A careful education had developed a superior intellect in -Gerard. He was a staunch Republican. Killed by the Chouan, Pille-Miche, -at Vivetiere, December 1799. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -GERARD (Gregoire), born in 1802, probably in Limousin. Protestant of -somewhat uncouth exterior, son of a journeyman carpenter who died when -rather young; godson of F. Grossetete. From the age of twelve the -banker had encouraged him in the study of the exact sciences for which -he had natural aptitude. Studied at Ecole Polytechnique from nineteen -to twenty-one; then entered as a pupil of engineering in the National -School of Roads and Bridges, from which he emerged in 1826 and stood -the examinations for ordinary engineer two years later. He was -cool-headed and warm-hearted. He became disgusted with his profession -when he ascertained its many limitations, and he plunged into the July -(1830) Revolution. He was probably on the point of adopting the -Saint-Simonian doctrine, when M. Grossetete prevailed upon him to take -charge of some important works on the estate of Mme. Pierre Graslin in -Haute-Vienne. Gerard wrought wonders aided by Fresquin and other -capable men. He became mayor of Montegnac in 1838. Mme. Graslin died -about 1844. Gerard followed out her final wishes, and lived with her -children, assuming guardianship of Francis Graslin. Three months -later, again furthering the desires of the deceased, Gerard married a -native girl, Denise Tascheron, the sister of a man who had been -executed in 1829. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -GERARD (Madame Gregoire), wife of foregoing, born Denise Tascheron, of -Montegnac, Limousin; youngest child of a rather large family. She -lavished her sisterly affection on her brother, the condemned -Tasheron, visiting him in prison and softening his savage nature. With -the aid of another brother, Louis-Marie, she made away with certain -compromising clues of her eldest brother's crime, and restored the -stolen money, afterwards she emigrated to America, where she became -wealthy. Becoming homesick she returned to Montegnac, fifteen years -later, where she recognized Francis Graslin, her brother's natural -son, and became a second mother to him when she married the engineer, -Gerard. This marriage of a Protestant with a Catholic took place in -1844. "In grace, modesty, piety and beauty, Mme. Gerard resembled the -heroine of 'Edinburgh Prison.'" [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -GERARD (Madame), widow, poor but honest, mother of several grown-up -daughters; kept a furnished hotel on rue Louis-le-Grand, Paris, about -the end of the Restoration. Being under obligations to Suzanne du -Val-Noble—Mme. Theodore Gaillard—she sheltered her when the courtesan -was driven away from a fine apartment on rue Saint-Georges, following -the ruin and flight of her lover, Jacques Falleix, the stockbroker. -Mme. Gerard was not related to the other Gerards mentioned above. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -GIARDINI, Neapolitan cook somewhat aged. He and his wife ran a -restaurant in rue Froidmanteau, Paris, in 1830-31. He had established, -so he said, three restaurants in Italy: at Naples, Parma and Rome. In -the first years of Louis Philippe's reign, his peculiar cookery was -the fare of Paolo Gambara. In 1837 this crank on the subject of -special dishes had fallen to the calling of broken food huckster on -rue Froidmanteau. [Gambara.] -</p> -<p> -GIBOULARD (Gatienne), a very pretty daughter of a wealthy carpenter of -Auxerre; vainly desired, about 1823, by Sarcus for wife, but his -father, Sarcus the Rich, would not consent. Later the social set of -Mme. Soudry, the leading one of a neighboring village, dreamed for a -moment of avenging themselves on the people of Aigues by winning over -Gatienne Giboulard. She could have embroiled M. and Mme. Montcornet, -and perhaps even compromised Abbe Brossette. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GIGELMI, Italian orchestra conductor, living in Paris with the -Gambaras. After the Revolution of 1830, he dined at Giardini's on rue -Froidmanteau. [Gambara.] -</p> -<p> -GIGONNET. (See Bidault.) -</p> -<p> -GIGUET (Colonel), native probably of Arcis-sur-Aube, where he lived -after retirement. One of Mme. Marion's brothers. One of the most -highly esteemed officers of the Grand Army. Had a fine sense of honor; -was for eleven years merely captain of artillery; chief of battalion -in 1813; major in 1814. On account of devotion to Napoleon he refused -to serve the Bourbons after the first abdication; and he gave such -proofs of his fidelity in 1815, that he would have been exiled had it -not been for the Comte de Gondreville, who obtained for him retirement -on half-pay with the rank of colonel. About 1806 he married one of the -daughters of a wealthy Hamburg banker, who gave him three children and -died in 1814. Between 1818 and 1825 Giguet lost the two younger -children, a son named Simon alone surviving. A Bonapartist and -Liberal, the colonel was, during the Restoration, president of the -committee at Arcis, where he came in touch with Grevin, Beauvisage and -Varlet, notables of the same stamp. He abandoned active politics after -his ideas triumphed, and, during the reign of Louis Philippe, he -became a noted horticulturist, the creator of the famous Giguet rose. -Nevertheless the colonel continued to be the god of his sister's very -influential salon where he appeared at the time of the legislative -elections of 1839. In the first part of May of that year the little -old man, wonderfully preserved, presided over an electoral convention -at Frappart's, the candidates in the field being his own son, Simon -Giguet, Phileas Beauvisage, and Sallenauve-Dorlange. [The Member for -Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -GIGUET (Colonel), brother of the preceding and of Mme. Marion; was -brigadier of gendarmes at Arcis-sur-Aube in 1803; promoted to a -lieutenancy in 1806. As brigadier Giguet was one of the most -experienced men in the service. The commandant of Troyes mentioned him -especially to the two Parisian detectives, Peyrade and Corentin, -entrusted with watching the actions of the Simeuses and the -Hauteserres which resulted in the ruin of these young Royalists on -account of the pretended seizure of Gondreville. However, an adroit -manoeuvre on the part of Francois Michu at first prevented Brigadier -Giguet from seizing these conspirators whom he had tracked to earth. -After his promotion to lieutenant he succeeded in arresting them. He -finally became colonel of the gendarmes of Troyes, whither Mme. -Marion, then Mlle. Giguet, went with him. He died before his brother -and sister, and made her his heir. [The Gondreville Mystery. The -Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -GIGUET (Simon), born during the first Empire, the oldest and only -surviving child of Colonel Giguet of the artillery. In 1814 he lost -his mother, the daughter of a rich Hamburg banker, and in 1826 his -maternal grandfather who left him an income of two thousand francs, -the German having favored others of the large family. He did not hope -for any further inheritance save that of his father's sister, Mme. -Marion, which had been augmented by the legacy of Colonel Giguet of -the gendarmes. Thus it was that, after studying law with the -subprefect Antonin Goulard, Simon Giguet, deprived of a fortune which -at first seemed assured to him, became a simple attorney in the little -town of Arcis, where attorneys are of little service. His aunt's and -his father's position fired him with ambition for a political career. -Giguet ogled at the same time for the hand and dowry of Cecile -Beauvisage. Of mediocre ability; upheld the Left Centre, but failed of -election in May, 1839, when he presented himself as candidate for -Arcis-sur-Aube. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -GILET (Maxence), born in 1789. He passed at Issoudun for the natural -son of Lousteau, the sub-delegate. Others thought him the son of Dr. -Rouget, a friend and rival of Lousteau. In short "fortunately for the -child both claimed him"; though he belonged to neither. His true -father was found to be a "charming officer of dragoons in the garrison -at Bourges." His mother, the wife of a poor drunken cobbler of -Issoudun, had the marvelous beauty of a Transteverin. Her husband was -aware of his wife's actions and profited by them: through interested -motives, Lousteau and Rouget were allowed to believe whatever they -wished about the child's paternity, for which reason both contributed -to the education of Maxence, usually known as Max. In 1806, at the age -of seventeen, Max enlisted in a regiment going to Spain. In 1809 he -was left for dead in Portugal in an English battery; taken by the -English and conveyed to the Spanish prison-hulks at Cabrera. There he -remained from 1810 to 1814. When he returned to Issoudun his father -and his mother had both died in the hospital. On the return of -Bonaparte, Max served as captain in the Imperial Guard. During the -second Restoration he returned to Issoudun and became leader of the -"Knights of Idlesse" which were addicted to nocturnal escapades more -or less agreeable to the inhabitants of the town. "Max played at -Issoudun a part almost identical with that of Smith in 'The Fair Maid -of Perth'; he was the champion of Bonapartism and opposition. They -relied upon him, as the citizens of Perth had relied upon Smith on -great occasions." A possible Caesar Borgia on more extensive ground, -Gilet lived very comfortably, although without a personal income. And -that is why Max with certain inherited qualities and defects rashly -went to live with his supposed natural father, Jean-Jacques Rouget, a -rich and witless old bachelor who was under the thumb of a superb -servant-mistress, Flore Brazier, known as La Rabouilleuse. After 1816 -Gilet lorded it over the household; the handsome chap had won the -heart of Mlle. Brazier. Surrounded by a sort of staff, Maxence -contested the important inheritance of Rouget, maintaining his ground -with marvelous skill against the two lawful heirs, Agathe and Joseph -Bridau; and he would have appropriated it but for the intervention of -a third heir, Philippe Bridau. Max was killed in a duel by Philippe -Bridau in the early part of December, 1822. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -GILLE, once printer to the Emperor; owner of script letters which -Jerome-Nicolas Sechard made use of in 1819, claiming for them that -they were the ancestors of the English type of Didot. [Lost -Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -GINA, character in "L'Ambitieux par Amour," autobiographical novel by -Albert Savarus; a sort of "ferocious" Sormano. Represented as a young -Sicilian girl, fourteen years old, in the services of the -Gandolphinis, political refugees at Gersau, Switzerland, in 1823. So -devoted as to pretend dumbness on occasion, and to wound more or less -seriously the hero of the romance, Rodolphe, who had secretly entered -the Gandolphini home. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -GINETTA (La), young Corsican girl. Very small and slender, but no less -clever. Mistress of Theodore Calvi, and an accomplice in the double -crime committed by her lover, towards the end of the Restoration, when -she was able on account of her small size to creep down an open -chimney at the widow Pigeau's, and thus to open the house door for -Theodore who robbed and murdered the two inmates, the widow and the -servant. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -GIRARD, banker and discounter at Paris during the Restoration; perhaps -also somewhat of a pawnbroker; an acquaintance of Esther Gobseck's. -Like Palma, Werbrust and Gigonnet, he held a number of notes signed by -Maxime de Trailles; and Gobseck who knew it used them against the -count, then the lover of Mme. de Restaud, when Trailles went to the -usurer in rue des Gres and besought assistance in vain. [Gobseck.] -</p> -<p> -GIRARD (Mother), who ran a little restaurant at Paris in rue de -Tournon, prior to 1838, had a successor with whom Godefroid promised -to board when he was inspecting the left bank of the Seine, and trying -to aid the Bourlac-Mergis. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -GIRARDET, attorney at Besancon, between 1830 and 1840. A talkative -fellow and adherent of Albert Savarus, he followed, probably in the -latter's interest, the beginning of the Watteville suit. When Savarus -left Besancon suddenly, Girardet tried to straighten out his -colleague's affairs, and advanced him five thousand francs. [Albert -Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -GIRAUD (Leon), was at Paris in 1821 member of the Cenacle of rue des -Quatre-Vents, presided over by Daniel d'Arthez. He represented the -philosophical element. His "doctrines" predicted the end of -Christianity and of the family. In 1821 he was also in charge of a -"grave and dignified" opposition journal. He became the head of a -moral and political school, whose "sincerity atoned for its errors." -[A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] About the same time Giraud -frequented the home of the mother of his friend Joseph Bridau, and was -going there at the time when the painter's elder brother, the -Bonapartist Philippe, got into trouble. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -The Revolution of July opened the political career of Leon Giraud who -became master of requests in 1832, and afterwards councillor of state. -In 1845 Giraud was a member of the Chamber, sitting in the Left -Centre. [The Secrets of a Princess. The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -GIREL, of Troyes. According to Michu, Girel, a Royalist like himself, -during the first Revolution, played the Jacobin in the interest of his -fortune. From 1803 to 1806, at any rate, he was in correspondence with -the Strasbourg house of Breintmayer, which dealt with the Simeuse -twins when they were tracked by Bonaparte's police. [The Gondreville -Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -GIRODET (Anne-Louis), celebrated painter, born at Montargis, in 1767, -died at Paris in 1824. Under the Empire he was on friendly terms with -his colleague, Theodore de Sommervieux. One day in the latter's studio -he greatly admired a portrait of Augustine Guillaume and an interior, -which he advised him, but in vain not to exhibit at the Salon, -thinking the two works too true to nature to be appreciated by the -public. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] -</p> -<p> -GIROUD (Abbe), confessor of Rosalie de Watteville at Besancon between -1830 and 1840. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -GIROUDEAU, born about 1774. Uncle of Andoche Finot; began as simple -soldier in the army of Sambre and Meuse; five years master-at-arms in -the First Hussars—army of Italy; charged at Eylau with Colonel -Chabert. He passed into the dragoons of the Imperial Guard, where he -was captain in 1815. The Restoration interrupted his military career. -Finot, manager of various Parisian papers and reviews, put him in -charge of the cash and accounts of a little journal devoted to -dramatic news, which he ran from 1821 to 1822. Giroudeau was also -editor, and his duty it was to wage the warfare; beyond that he lived -a gay life. Although on the wrong side of forty and afflicted with -catarrh he had for mistress Florentine Cabirolle of the Gaite. He went -with the high-livers—among others with his former mess-mate Philippe -Bridau, at whose wedding with Flore Brazier he was present in 1824. In -November, 1825, Frederic Marest gave a grand breakfast to Desroches' -clerks at the Rocher de Cancale, to which Giroudeau was invited. All -spent the evening with Florentine Cabirolle who entertained them -royally but involuntarily got Oscar Husson into trouble. Ex-Captain -Giroudeau bore firearms during the "three glorious days," re-entered -the service after the accession of citizen royalty and soon became -colonel then general, 1834-35. At this time he was enabled to satisfy -a legitimate resentment against his former friend, Bridau, and block -his advancement. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Start in -Life. A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -GIVRY, one of several names of the second son of the Duc de -Chaulieu, who became by his marriage with Madeleine de Mortsauf a -Lenoncourt-Givry-Chaulieu. [Letters of Two Brides. The Lily of the -Valley. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -GOBAIN (Madame Marie), formerly cook to a bishop; lived during the -Restoration in Paris on rue Saint-Maur, Popinot quarter, under very -peculiar circumstances. She was in the service of Octave de Bauvan. -Was the maid and housekeeper of Comtesse Honorine when the latter left -home and became a maker of artificial flowers. Mme. Gobain had been -secretly engaged by M. de Bauvan, who through her was enabled to keep -watch over his wife. Gobain displayed the greatest loyalty. At one -time the comtesse took the servant's name. [Honorine.] -</p> -<p> -GOBENHEIM, brother-in-law of Francois and Adolphe Keller, whose name -he added to his own. About 1819 in Paris he was at first made receiver -in the Cesar Birotteau bankruptcy, but was later replaced by Camusot. -[Cesar Birotteau.] Under Louis Philippe, Gobenheim, as broker for the -Paris prosecuting office, invested the very considerable savings of -Mme. Fabien du Ronceret. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -GOBENHEIM, nephew of Gobenheim-Keller of Paris; young banker of Havre -in 1829; visited the Mignons, but not as a suitor for the heiress' -hand. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -GOBET (Madame), in 1829 at Havre made shoes for Mme. and Mlle. Mignon. -Was scolded by the latter for lack of style. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -GOBSECK (Jean-Esther Van), usurer, born in 1740 at Antwerp of a Jewess -and a Dutchman. Began as a cabin-boy. Was only ten years of age when -his mother sent him off to the Dutch possessions in India. There and -in America he met distinguished people, also several corsairs; -traveled all over the world and tried many trades. The passion for -money took entire hold of him. Finally he came to Paris which became -the centre of his operations, and established himself on rue des Gres. -There Gobseck, like a spider in his web, crushed the pride of Maxime -de Trailles and brought tears to the eyes of Mme. de Restaud and -Jean-Joachim Goriot—1819. About this same time Ferdinand du Tillet -sought out the money-lender to make some deals with him, and spoke of -him as "Gobseck the Great, master of Palma, Gigonnet, Werbrust, Keller -and Nucingen." Gobseck went every evening to the Themis cafe to play -dominoes with his friend Bidault-Gigonnet. In December, 1824, he was -found there by Elisabeth Baudoyer, whom he promised to aid; indeed, -supported by Mitral, he was able to influence Lupeaulx to put in -Isidore Baudoyer as chief of division succeeding La Billardiere. In -1830, Gobseck, then an octogenarian, died in his wretched hole on rue -des Gres though he was enormously wealthy. Derville received his last -wishes. He had obtained a wife for the lawyer and entrusted him with -several confidences. Fifteen years after the Dutchman's death, he was -spoken of on the boulevard as the "Last of the Romans"—among the -old-fashioned money-lenders like Gigonnet, Chaboisseau, and Samanon, -against whom Lora and Bixiou set the modern Vauvinet. [Gobseck. Father -Goriot. Cesar Birotteau. The Government Clerks. The Unconscious -Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -GOBSECK (Sarah Van), called "La Belle Hollandaise." A peculiarity of -this family—as well as the Maranas—that the female side always kept -the family name. Thus Sarah Van Gobseck was the grand-niece of -Jean-Esther Van Gobseck. This prostitute, mother of Esther, who was also -a courtesan, was a typical daughter of Paris. She caused the bankruptcy -of Roguin, Birotteau's attorney, and was herself ruined by Maxime de -Trailles whom she adored and maintained when he was a page to -Napoleon. She died in a house on Palais-Royal, the victim of a love-mad -captain, December, 1818. The affair created a stir. Juan and Francis -Diard had something to say about it. Esther's name lived after her. -The Paris of the boulevards from 1824 to 1839 often mentioned her -prodigal and stormy career. [Gobseck. Cesar Birotteau. The Maranas. -Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -GOBSECK (Esther Van), born in 1805 of Jewish origin; daughter of the -preceding and great-grand-niece of Jean. For a long time in Paris she -followed her mother's calling, and having begun it early in life she -knew its varied phases. Was nick-named "La Torpille." Was for some -time one of the "rats" of the Royal Academy of Music, and numbered -among her protectors, Lupeaulx. In 1823 her reduced circumstances -almost forced her to leave Paris for Issoudun, where, for a -machiavellian purpose, Philippe Bridau would have made her the -mistress of Jean-Jacques Rouget. The affair did not materialize. She -went to Mme. Meynardie's house where she remained till about the end -of 1823. One evening, while passing the Porte-Saint-Martin theatre, -she chanced to meet Lucien de Rubempre, and they loved each other at -first sight. Their passion led into many vicissitudes. The poet and -the ex-prostitute were rash enough to attend an Opera ball together in -the winter of 1824. Unmasked and insulted Esther fled to rue de -Langlade, where she lived in dire poverty. The dangerous, powerful and -mysterious protector of Rubempre, Jacques Collin, followed her there, -lectured her and shaped her future life, making her a Catholic, -educating her carefully and finally installing her with Lucien on rue -Taitbout, under the surveillance of Jacqueline Collin, Paccard and -Prudence Servien. She could go out only at night. Nevertheless, the -Baron de Nucingen discovered her and fell madly in love with her. -Jacques Collin profited by the episode; Esther received the banker's -attentions, to the enrichment of Lucien. In 1830 she owned a house on -rue Saint-Georges which had belonged previously to several celebrated -courtesans; there she received Mme. du Val-Noble, Tullia and -Florentine—two dancers, Fanny Beaupre and Florine—two actresses. Her -new position resulted in police intervention on the part of Louchard, -Contenson, Peyrade and Corentin. On May 13, 1830, unable longer to -endure Nucingen, La Torpille swallowed a Javanese poison. She died -without knowing that she had fallen heir to seven millions left by her -great-grand-uncle. [Gobseck. The Firm of Nucingen. A Bachelor's -Establishment. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -GODAIN, born in 1796, in Burgundy, near Soulanges, Blangy and -Ville-aux-Fayes; nephew of one of the masons who built Mme. Soudry's -house. A shiftless farm laborer, exempt from military duty on account -of smallness of stature; was at first the lover, then the husband, of -Catherine Tonsard, whom he married about 1823. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GODAIN (Madame Catherine), the eldest of the legitimate daughters of -Tonsard, landlord of the Grand-I-Vert, situated between Conches and -Ville-aux-Fayes in Burgundy. Of coarse beauty and by nature depraved; -a hanger-on at the Tivoli-Socquard, and a devoted sister to Nicolas -Tonsard for whom she tried to obtain Genevieve Niseron. Courted by -Charles, valet at Aigues. Feared by Amaury Lupin. Married Godain one -of her lovers, giving a dowry of a thousand francs cunningly obtained -from Mme. Montcornet. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GODARD (Joseph), born in 1798, probably at Paris; related slightly to -the Baudoyers through Mitral. Stunted and puny; fifer in the National -Guard; "crank" collector of curios; a virtuous bachelor living with -his sister, a florist on rue Richelieu. Between 1824 and 1825 a -possible assistant in the Department of Finance in the bureau managed -by Isidore Baudoyer, whose son-in-law he dreamed of becoming. An easy -mark for Bixiou's practical jokes. With Dutocq he was an unwavering -adherent of the Baudoyers and their relatives the Saillards. [The -Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -GODARD (Mademoiselle), sister of the foregoing, and lived on rue -Richelieu, Pais, where in 1824 she ran a florist's shop. Mlle. Godard -employed Zelie Lorain who became later the wife of Minard. She -received him and Dutocq. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -GODARD (Manon), serving-woman of Mme. de la Chanterie; arrested in -1809, between Alencon and Mortagne, implicated in the Chauffeurs trial -which ended in the capital punishment of Mme. des Tours-Minieres, -daughter of Mme. de la Chanterie. Manon Godard was sentenced by -default to twenty-two years imprisonment, and gave herself up in order -not to abandon her mistress. A long time after the baroness was set -free, time of Louis Philippe, Manon was still living with her, on rue -Chanoinesse, in the house which sheltered Alain, Montauran and -Godefroid. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -GODDET, retired surgeon-major of the Third regiment of the line; the -leading physician of Issoudun in 1823. His son was one of the "Knights -of Idlesse." Goddet junior pretended to pay court to Mme. Fichet, in -order to reach her daughter who had the best dowry in Issoudun. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -GODEFROID, known by his given name; born about 1806, probably at -Paris; son of a wealthy merchant; educated at the Liautard -Institution; naturally feeble, morally and physically; tried his hand -at and made a failure of: law, governmental work, letters, pleasure, -journalism, politics and marriage. At the close of 1836 he found -himself poor and forsaken; thereupon he tried to pay his debts and -live economically. He left Chaussee-d'Antin and took up his abode on -rue Chanoinesse, where he became one of Mme. de la Chanteries' -boarders, known as the "Brotherhood of the Consolation." The -recommendation of the Monegods, bankers, led to his admission. Abbe de -Veze, Montauran, Tresnes, Alain, and above all the baroness initiated -him, coached him, and entrusted to him various charitable missions. -Among others, about the middle of the reign of Louis Philippe, he took -charge of and relieved the frightful poverty of the Bourlacs and the -Mergis, the head of which as an imperial judge in 1809 had sentenced -Mme. de la Chanterie and her daughter. After he succeeded with this -generous undertaking, Godefroid was admitted to the Brotherhood. [The -Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -GODENARS (Abbe de), born about 1795; one of the vicars-general of the -archbishop of Besancon between 1830 and 1840. From 1835 on he tried to -get a bishopric. One evening he was present at the aristocratic salon -of the Wattevilles, at the time of the sudden flight of Albert -Savarus, caused by their young daughter. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -GODESCHAL (Francois-Claude-Marie), born about 1804. In 1818, at Paris, -he was third clerk in the law office of Derville, rue Vivienne, when -the unfortunate Chabert appeared upon the scene. [Colonel Chabert.] In -1820, then an orphan and poor, he and his sister, the dancer Mariette, -to whom he was devoted, lived on an eighth floor on rue -Vielle-du-Temple. He had already given evidence of a practical -temperament, independent and self-seeking, but upright and capable of -generous outbursts. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] In 1822, having -risen to second clerk, he left Maitre Derville to become head-clerk in -Desroches' office, who was greatly pleased with him. Godeschal even -undertook to reform Oscar Husson. [A Start in Life.] Six years later, -while still Desroches' head-clerk, he drew up a petition wherein Mme. -d'Espard prayed a guardian for her husband. [The Commission in -Lunacy.] Under Louis Philippe he became one of the advocates of Paris -and paid half his fees—1840—proposing to pay the other half with the -dowry of Celeste Colleville, whose hand was refused him, despite the -recommendation of Cardot the notary. Was engaged for Peyrade, in the -purchase of a house near the Madeleine. [The Middle Classes.] About -1845 Godeschal was still practicing, and numbered among his clients -the Camusots de Marville. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -GODESCHAL (Marie), born about 1804. She maintained, almost all her -life, the nearest and most tender relations with her brother Godeschal -the notary. Without relatives or means, she kept house with him in -1820, on the eighth floor of a house on rue Vielle-du-Temple, Paris. -Ambition and love for her brother caused her to become a dancer. She -had studied her profession from her tenth year. The famous Vestris -instructed her and predicted great things for her. Under the name of -Mariette, she was engaged at the Porte-Saint-Martin and the Royal -Academy of Music. Her success displeased the famous Begrand. In -January, 1821, her angelic beauty, maintained despite her profession, -opened to her the doors of the Opera. Then she had lovers. The -aristocratic and elegant Maufrigneuse protected her for several years. -Mariette also favored Philippe Bridau and was the innocent cause of a -theft committed by him in order to enable him to contend with -Maufrigneuse. Four months later she went to London, where she won the -rich members of the House of Lords, and returned as premiere to the -Academy of Music. She was intimate with Florentine Cabirolle, who -often received in the Marais. There it was that Mariette kept Oscar -Husson out of serious trouble. Mariette attended many festivities. And -at the close of the reign of Louis Philippe, she was still a leading -figure in the Opera. [A Bachelor's Establishment. A Start in Life. -Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -GODIN, under Louis Philippe, a Parisian bourgeois engaged in a lively -dispute with a friend of La Palferine's. [A Prince of Bohemia.] -</p> -<p> -GODIN (La), peasant woman of Conches, Burgundy, about 1823, whose cow -Vermichel threatened to seize for the Comte de Montcornet. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GODIVET, recorder of registry of Arcis-sur-Aube in 1839. Through the -scheming of Pigoult he was chosen as one of two agents for an -electoral meeting called by Simon Giguet, one of the candidates, and -presided over by Phileas Beauvisage. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -GODOLLO (Comtesse Torna de), probably a Hungarian; police spy -reporting to Corentin. Was ordered to prevent the marriage of Theodose -de la Peyrade and Celeste Colleville. To accomplish this she went to -live in the Thuilliers' house, Paris, in 1840, cultivated them and -finally ruled them. She sometimes assumed the name of Mme. Komorn. Her -wit and beauty exercised a passing effect upon Peyrade. [The Middle -Classes.] -</p> -<p> -GOGUELAT, infantryman of the first Empire, entered the Guard in 1812; -was decorated by Napoleon on the battlefield of Valontina; returned -during the Restoration to the village of Isere, of which Benassis was -mayor, and became postman. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -GOHIER, goldsmith to the King of France in 1824; supplied Elisabeth -Baudoyer with the monstrance with which she decorated the church of -Saint Paul, in order to bring about Isidore Baudoyer's promotion in -office. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -GOMEZ, captain of the "Saint Ferdinand," a Spanish brig which in 1833 -conveyed the newly-enriched Marquis d'Aiglemont from America to -France. Gomez was boarded by a Columbian corsair whose captain, the -Parisian, ordered him cast overboard. [A Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -GONDRAND (Abbe), confessor, under the Restoration, at Paris, of the -Duchesse Antoinette de Langeais, whose excellent dinners and petty -sins he dealt with at his ease in her salon where Montriveau often -found him. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -GONDREVILLE (Malin, his real name; more frequently known as the Comte -de), born in 1763, probably at Arcis-sur-Aube. Short and stout; -grandson of a mason employed by Marquis de Simeuse in the building of -the Gondreville chateau; only son of the owner of a house at Arcis -where dwelt his friend Grevin in 1839. On the recommendation of -Danton, he entered the office of the attorney at the chatelet, Paris, -in 1787. Head clerk for Maitre Bordin in the same city, the same year. -Returned to the country two years later to become a lawyer at Troyes. -Became an obscure and cowardly member of the Convention. Acquired the -friendship of Talleyrand and Fouche, in June, 1800, under singular and -opportune circumstances. Successively and rapidly became tribune, -councillor of state, count of the Empire—created Comte de Gondreville -—and finally senator. As councillor of state, Gondreville devoted his -attention to the preparation of the code. He cut a dash at Paris. He -had purchased one of the finest mansions in Faubourg Saint-Germain and -married the only daughter of Sibuelle, a wealthy contractor of "shady" -character whom Gondreville made co-receiver of Aube, with Marion. The -marriage was celebrated during the Directory or the Consulate. Three -children were the result of this union: Charles de Gondreville, -Marechale de Carigliano, Mme. Francois Keller. In his own interest, -Malin attached himself to Bonaparte. Later, in the presence of the -Emperor and of Dubois, the prefect of police, Gondreville selfishly -simulated a false generosity and asked that the Hauteserres and -Simeuses be striken from the list of the proscribed. Afterwards they -were falsely accused of kidnapping him. As senator in 1809, Malin gave -a grand ball at Paris, when he vainly awaited the Emperor's -appearance, and when Mme. de Lansac reconciled the Soulanges family. -Louis XVIII. made him a peer of France. His wide experience and -ownership of many secrets aided Gondreville, whose counsels hindered -Decazes and helped Villele. Charles X. disliked him because he -remained too intimate with Talleyrand. Under Louis Philippe this bond -was relaxed. The July monarchy heaped honors upon him by making him -peer once more. One evening in 1833 he met at the home of the -Princesse de Cadignan, Henri de Marsay, the prime minister, who had an -inexhaustible fund of political stories, new to all the company save -Gondreville. He was much engrossed with the elections of 1839, and -gave his influence to his grandson, Charles Keller, for Arcis. He -concerned himself little with the candidates, who were finally -elected; Dorlange-Sallenauve, Phileas Beauvisage, Trailles and Giguet. -[The Gondreville Mystery. A Start in Life. Domestic Peace. The Member -for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -GONDREVILLE (Comtesse Malin de), born Sibuelle; wife of foregoing; -person whose complete insignificance was manifest at the great ball -given in Paris by the count in 1809. [Domestic Peace.] -</p> -<p> -GONDREVILLE (Charles de), son of the preceding, and sub-lieutenant of -dragoons in 1818. Young and wealthy, he died in the Spanish campaign -of 1823. His death caused great sorrow to his mistress, Mme. -Colleville. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -GONDRIN, born in 1774, in the department of Isere. Conscripted in 1792 -and put in the artillery. Was in the Italian and Egyptian campaigns -under Bonaparte, as a private, and returned east after the Peace of -Amiens. Enrolled, during the Empire, in the pontoon corps of the -Guard, he marched through Germany and Russia; was in the battle at -Beresina aiding to build the bridge by which the remnant of the army -escaped; with forty-one comrades, received the praise of General Eble -who singled him out particularly. Returned to Wilna, as the only -survivor of the corps after the death of Eble and in the beginning of -the Restoration. Unable to read or write, deaf and decrepit, Gondrin -forlornly left Paris which had treated him inhospitably, and returned -to the village in Dauphine, where the mayor, Dr. Benassis, gave him -work as a ditcher and continued to aid him in 1829. [The Country -Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -GONDRIN (Abbe), young Parisian priest about the middle of the reign of -Louis Philippe. Exquisite and eloquent. Knew the Thuilliers. [The -Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -GONDUREAU, assumed name of Bibi-Lupin. -</p> -<p> -GONORE (La), widow of Moses the Jew, chief of the southern <i>rouleurs</i>, -in May, 1830; mistress of Dannepont the thief and assassin; ran a -house of ill-repute on rue Sainte-Barbe for Mme. Nourrisson. [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -GORDES (Mademoiselle de), at the head of an aristocratic salon of -Alencon, about 1816, while her father, the aged Marquis de Gordes, was -still living with her. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -GORENFLOT, mason of Vendome, who walled up the closet concealing Mme. -de Merret's lover, the Spaniard Bagos de Feredia. [La Grande -Breteche.] -</p> -<p> -GORENFLOT, probably posed for Quasimodo of Hugo's "Notre-Dame." -Decrepit, misshapen, deaf, diminutive, he lived in Paris about 1839, -and was organ-blower and bell-ringer in the church of Saint-Louis en -l'Ile. He also acted as messenger in the confidential financial -correspondence between Bricheteau and Dorlange-Sallenauve. [The Member -for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -GORIOT,* (Jean-Joachim), born about 1750; started as a porter in the -grain market. During the first Revolution, although he had received no -education, but having a trader's instinct, he began the manufacture of -vermicelli and made a fortune out of it. Thrift and fortune favored -him under the Terror. He passed for a bold citizen and fierce patriot. -Prosperity enabled him to marry from choice the only daughter of a -wealthy farmer of Brie, who died young and adored. Upon their two -children, Anastasie and Delphine, he lavished all the tenderness of -which their mother had been the recipient, spoiling them with fine -things. Goriot's griefs date from the day he set each up in -housekeeping in magnificent fashion on Chaussee-d'Antin. Far from -being grateful for his pecuniary sacrifices, his sons-in-law, Restaud -and Nucingen, and his daughters themselves, were ashamed of his -bourgeois exterior. In 1813 he had retired saddened and impoverished -to the Vauquer boarding-house on rue Nueve-Sainte-Genevieve. The -quarrels of his daughters and the greedy demands for money increased -and in 1819 followed him thither. Almost all the guests of the house -and especially Mme. Vauquer herself—whose ambitious designs upon him -had come to naught—united in persecuting Goriot, now well-nigh -poverty-stricken. He found an agreeable respite when he acted as a -go-between for the illicit love affair of Mme. de Nucingen and -Rastignac, his fellow-lodger. The financial distress of Mme. de Restaud, -Trailles' victim, gave Goriot the finishing blow. He was compelled to -give up the final and most precious bit of his silver plate, and beg -the assistance of Gobseck the usurer. He was crushed. A serious attack -of apoplexy carried him off. He died on rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve. -Rastignac watched over him, and Bianchon, then an interne, attended -him. Only two men, Christophe, Mme. Vauquer's servant, and Rastignac, -followed the remains to Saint-Etienne du Mont and to Pere-Lachaise. -The empty carriages of his daughters followed as far as the cemetery. -[Father Goriot.] -</p> -<pre> -* Two Parisian theatres and five authors have depicted Goriot's life - on the stage; March 6, 1835, at the Vaudeville, Ancelot and Paul - Dupont; the same year, the month following, at the Varietes, - Theaulon, Alexis de Comberousse and Jaime Pere. Also the <i>Boeuf - Gras</i> of a carnival in a succeeding year bore the name of Goriot. -</pre> -<p> -GORITZA (Princesse), a charming Hungarian, celebrated for her beauty, -towards the end of Louis XV.'s reign, and to whom the youthful -Chevalier de Valois became so attached that he came near fighting on -her account with M. de Lauzun; nor could he ever speak of her without -emotion. From 1816 to 1830, the Alencon aristocracy were given -glimpses of the princess's portrait, which adorned the chevalier's -gold snuff-box. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -GORJU (Madame), wife of the mayor of Sancerre, in 1836, and mother of -a daughter "whose figure threatened to change with her first child," -and who sometimes came with her to the receptions of Mme. de la -Baudraye, the "Muse of the Department." One evening, in the fall of -1836, she heard Lousteau reading ironically fragments of "Olympia." -[The Muse of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -GOTHARD, born in 1788; lived about 1803 in Arcis-sur-Aube, where his -courage and address obtained for him the place of groom to Laurence de -Cinq-Cygne. Devoted servant of the countess; he was one of the -principals acquitted in the trial which ended with the execution of -Michu. [The Gondreville Mystery.] Gothard never left the service of -the Cinq-Cygne family. Thirty-six years later he was their steward. -With his brother-in-law, Poupard, the Arcis tavern-keeper, he -electioneered for his masters. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -GOUJET (Abbe), cure of Cinq-Cygne, Aube, about 1792, discovered for -the son of Beauvisage the farmer, who were still good Catholics, the -Greek name of Phileas, one of the few saints not abolished by the new -regime. [The Member for Arcis.] Former abbe of the Minimes, and a -friend of Hauteserre. Was the tutor of Adrien and Robert Hauteserre; -enjoyed a game of boston with their parents—1803. His political -prudence sometimes led him to censure the audacity of their kinswoman, -Mlle. de Cinq-Cygne. Nevertheless, he held his own with the persecutor -of the house, Corentin the police-agent; and attended Michu when that -victim of a remarkable trial, known as "the abduction of Gondreville," -went to the scaffold. During the Restoration he became Bishop of -Troyes. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -GOUJET (Mademoiselle), sister of the foregoing; good-natured old maid, -ugly and parsimonious, who lived with her brother. Almost every -evening she played boston at the Hauteserres and was terrified by -Corentin's visits. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -GOULARD, mayor of Cinq-Cygne, Aube, in 1803. Tall, stout and miserly; -married a wealthy tradeswoman of Troyes, whose property, augmented by -all the lands of the rich abbey of Valdes-Preux, adjoined Cinq-Cygne. -Goulard lived in the old abbey, which was very near the chateau of -Cinq-Cygne. Despite his revolutionary proclivities, he closed his eyes -to the actions of the Hauteserres and Simeuses who were Royalist -plotters. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -GOULARD (Antonin), native of Arcis, like Simon Giguet. Born about -1807; son of the former huntsman of the Simeuse family, enriched by -the purchase of public lands. (See preceding biography.) Early left -motherless, he came to Arcis to live with his father, who abandoned -the abbey of Valpreux. Went to the Imperial lyceum, where he had Simon -Giguet for school-mate, whom he afterwards met again on the benches of -the Law school at Paris. Obtained, through Gondreville, the Cross of -the Legion of Honor. The royal government of 1830 opened up for him a -career in the public service. In 1839 he became sub-prefect for -Arcis-sur-Aube, during the electoral period. The delegate, Trailles, -satisfied Antonin's rancor against Giguet: his official -recommendations caused the latter's defeat. Both the would-be prefect -and the sub-prefect vainly sought the hand of Cecile Beauvisage. -Goulard cultivated the society of officialdom: Marest, Vinet, -Martener, Michu. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -GOUNOD, nephew of Vatel, keeper of the Montcornet estate at Aigues, -Burgundy. About 1823 he probably became assistant to the head-keeper, -Michaud. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GOUPIL (Jean-Sebastien-Marie), born in 1802; a sort of humpless -hunchback; son of a well-to-do farmer. After running through with -his inheritance, in Paris, he became head-clerk of the notary -Cremiere-Dionis, of Nemours—1829. On account of Francois -Minoret-Levrault, he annoyed in many ways, even anonymously, Ursule -Mirouet, after the death of Dr. Minoret. Afterwards he repented his -actions, repaid their instigator, and succeeded the notary, -Cremiere-Dionis. Thanks to his wit, he became honorable, -straightforward and completely transformed. Once established, Goupil -married Mlle. Massin, eldest daughter of Massin-Levrault junior, -clerk to the justice of the peace at Nemours. She was homely, had a -dowry of 80,000 francs, and gave him rickety, dropsical children. -Goupil took part in the "three glorious days" and had obtained a July -decoration. He was very proud of the ribbon. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -GOURAUD (General, Baron), born in 1782, probably at Provins. Under the -Empire he commanded the Second regiment of hussars, which gave him his -rank. The Restoration caused his impoverished years at Provins. He -mixed in politics and the opposition there, sought the hand and above -all the dowry of Sylvie Rogron, persecuted the apparent heiress of the -old maid, Mlle. Pierrette Lorrain—1827—and, seconded by Vinet the -attorney, reaped in July, 1830, the fruits of his cunning liberalism. -Thanks to Vinet, the ambitious parvenu, Gouraud married, in spite of -his gray hair and stout frame, a girl of twenty-five, Mlle. Matifat, -of the well-known drug-firm of rue des Lombards, who brought with her -fifty thousand crowns. Titles, offices and emoluments now flowed in -rapidly. He resumed the service, became general, commanded a division -near the capital and obtained a peerage. His conduct during the -ministry of Casimir Perier was thus rewarded. Futhermore he received -the grand ribbon of the Legion of Honor, after having stormed the -barricades of Saint-Merri, and was "delighted to thrash the bourgeois -who had been an eye-sore to him" for fifteen years. [Pierrette.] About -1845 he had stock in Gaudissart's theatre. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -GOURDON, the elder, husband of the only daugher of the old -head-keeper of streams and forests, Gendrin-Wattebled; was in 1823 -physician at Soulanges and attended Michaud. Nevertheless he went -among the best people of Soulanges, headed by Mme. Soudry, who -regarded him in the light of an unknown and neglected savant, when he -was but a parrot of Buffon and Cuvier, a simple collector and -taxidermist. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GOURDON, the younger, brother of the preceding; wrote the poem of "La -Bilboqueide" published by Bournier. Married the niece and only heiress -of Abbe Tupin, cure of Soulanges, where he himself had been in 1823 -clerk for Sarcus. He was wealthier than the justice. Mme. Soudry and -her set gave admiring welcome to the poet, preferring him to -Lamartine, with whose works they slowly became acquainted. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GOUSSARD (Laurent) was a member of the revolutionary municipality of -Arcis-sur-Aube. Particular friend of Danton, he made use of the -tribune's influence to save the head of the ex-superior of the -Ursulines at Arcis, Mother Marie des Anges, whose gratitude for his -generous and skillful action caused substantial enrichment to this -purchaser of the grounds of the convent, which was sold as "public -land." Thus it was that forty years afterwards this adroit Liberal -owned several mills on the river Aube, and was still at the head of -the advanced Left in that district. The various candidates for deputy -in the spring of 1839, Keller, Giguet, Beauvisage, Dorlange-Sallenauve, -and the government agent, Trailles, treated Goussard with the -consideration he deserved. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -GRADOS had in his hands the notes of Vergniaud the herder. By means of -funds from Derville the lawyer, Grados was paid in 1818 by Colonel -Chabert. [Colonel Chabert.] -</p> -<p> -GRAFF (Johann), brother of a tailor established in Paris under Louis -Philippe. Came himself to Paris after having been head-waiter in the -hotel of Gedeon Brunner at Frankfort; and ran the Hotel du Rhin in rue -du Mail where Frederic Brunner and Wilhelm Schwab alighted penniless -in 1835. The landlord obtained small positions for the two young men; -for the former with Keller; for the latter with his brother the -tailor. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -GRAFF (Wolfgang), brother of the foregoing, and rich tailor of Paris, -at whose shop in 1838 Lisbeth Fischer fitted out Wenceslas Steinbock. -On his brother's recommendation, he employed Wilhelm Schwab, and, six -years later, took him into the family by giving him Emilie Graff in -marriage. [Cousin Betty. Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -GRANCEY (Abbe de), born in 1764. Took orders because of a -disapointment in love; became priest in 1786, and cure in 1788. A -distinguished prelate who refused three bishoprics in order not to -leave Besancon. In 1834 he became vicar-general of that diocese. The -abbe had a handsome head. He gave free vent to cutting speeches. Was -acquainted with Albert Savarus whom he liked and aided. A frequenter -of the Watteville salon he found out and rebuked Rosalie, the singular -and determined enemy of the advocate. He also intervened between -Madame and Mademoiselle de Watteville. He died at the end of the -winter of 1836-37. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -GRANCOUR (Abbe de), one of the vicars-general of the bishopric of -Limoges, about the end of the Restoration; and the physical antithesis -of the other vicar, the attenuated and moody Abbe Dutheil whose lofty -and independent liberal doctrines he, with cowardly caution, secretly -shared. Grancour frequented the Graslin salon and doubtless knew of -the Tascheron tragedy. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -GRANDEMAIN was in 1822 at Paris clerk for Desroches. [A Start in -Life.] -</p> -<p> -GRANDET (Felix), of Saumur, born between 1745 and 1749. Well-to-do -master-cooper, passably educated. In the first years of the Republic -he married the daughter of a rich lumber merchant, by whom he had in -1796 one child, Eugenie. With their united capital, he bought at a -bargain the best vineyards about Saumur, in addition to an old abbey -and several farms. Under the Consulate he became successively member -of the district government and mayor of Saumur. But the Empire, which -supposed him to be a Jacobin, retired him from the latter office, -although he was the town's largest tax-payer. Under the Restoration -the despotism of his extraordinary avarice disturbed the peace of his -family. His younger brother, Guillaume, failed and killed himself, -leaving in Felix's hands the settlement of his affairs, and sending to -him his son Charles, who had hastened to Saumur, not knowing his -father's ruin. Eugenie loved her cousin and combated her father's -niggardliness, which looked after his own interests to the neglect of -his brother. The struggle between Eugenie and her father broke Mme. -Grandet's heart. The phases of the terrible duel were violent and -numerous. Felix Grandet's passion resorted to stratagem and stubborn -force. Death alone could settle with this domestic tyrant. In 1827, an -octogenarian and worth seventeen millions, he was carried off by a -stroke of paralysis. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -GRANDET (Madame Felix), wife of the preceding; born about 1770; -daughter of a rich lumber merchant, M. de la Gaudiniere; married in -the beginning of the Republic, and gave birth to one child, Eugenie, -in 1796. In 1806 she added considerably to the combined wealth of the -family through two large inheritances—from her mother and M. de la -Bertelliere, her maternal grandfather. A devout, shrinking, -insignificant creature, bowed beneath the domestic yoke, Mme. Grandet -never left Saumur, where she died in October, 1822, of lung trouble, -aggravated by grief at her daughter's rebellion and her husband's -severity. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -GRANDET (Victor-Ange-Guillaume), younger brother of Felix Grandet; -became rich at Paris in wine-dealing. In 1815 before the battle of -Waterloo, Frederic de Nucingen bought of him one hundred and fifty -thousand bottles of champagne at thirty sous, and sold them at six -francs; the allies drank them during the invasion—1817-19. [The Firm -of Nucingen.] The beginning of the Restoration favored Guillaume. He -was the husband of a charming woman, the natural daughter of a great -lord, who died young after giving him a child. Was colonel of the -National Guard, judge of the Court of Commerce, governor of one of the -arrondissements of Paris and deputy. Saumur accused him of aspiring -still higher and wishing to become the father-in-law of a petty -duchess of the imperial court. The bankruptcy of Maitre Roguin was the -partial cause of the ruin of Guillaume, who blew out his brains to -avoid disgrace, in November, 1819. In his last requests, Guillaume -implored his elder brother to care for Charles whom the suicide had -rendered doubly an orphan. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -GRANDET, (Charles), only lawful child of the foregoing; nephew of -Felix Grandet; born in 1797. He led at first the gay life of a young -gallant, and maintained relations with a certain Annette, a married -woman of good society. The tragic death of his father in November, -1819, astounded him and led him to Saumur. He thought himself in love -with his cousin Eugenie to whom he swore fidelity. Shortly thereafter -he left for India, where he took the name of Carl Sepherd to escape -the consequences of treasonable actions. He returned to France in 1827 -enormously wealthy, debarked at Bordeaux in June of that year, -accompanying the Aubrions whose daughter Mathilde he married, and -allowed Eugenie Grandet to complete the settlement with the creditors -of his father. [Eugenie Grandet.] By his marriage he became Comte -d'Aubrion. [The Firm of Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -GRANDET (Eugenie).* (See Bonfons, Eugenie Cruchot de.) -</p> -<pre> -* The incidents of her life have been dramatized by Bayard for the - Gymnase-Dramatique, under the title of "The Miser's Daughter." -</pre> -<p> -GRANDLIEU (Comtesse de), related to the Herouvilles; lived in the -first part of the seventeenth century; probably ancestress of the -Grandlieus, well known in France two centuries later. [The Hated Son.] -</p> -<p> -GRANDLIEU (Mademoiselle), under the first Empire married an imperial -chamberlain, perhaps also the prefect of Orne, and was received, -alone, in Alencon among the exclusive and aristocratic set lorded over -by the Esgrignons. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -GRANDLIEU (Duc Ferdinand de), born about 1773; may have descended from -the Comtesse de Grandlieu who lived early in the seventeenth century, -and consequently connected with the old and worthy nobility of the -Duchy of Brittany whose device was "Caveo non timeo." At the end of -the eighteenth and the first half of the nineteenth centuries, -Ferdinand de Grandlieu was the head of the elder branch, wealthy and -ducal, of the house of Grandlieu. Under the Consulate and the Empire -his high and assured rank enabled him to intercede with Talleyrand in -behalf of M. d'Hauteserre and M. de Simeuse, compromised in the -fictitious abduction of Malin de Gondreville. Grandlieu by his -marriage with an Ajuda of the elder branch, connected with the -Barganzas and of Portuguese descent, had several daughters, the eldest -of whom assumed the veil in 1822. His other daughters were -Clotilde-Frederique, born in 1802; Josephine the third; Sabine born in -1809; Marie-Athenais, born about 1820. An uncle by marriage of Mme. de -Langeais, he had at Paris, in Faubourg Saint-Germain, a hotel where, -during the reign of Louis XVIII., the Princesse de Blamont-Chauvry, -the Vidame de Pamiers and the Duc de Navarreins assembled to consider -a startling escapade of Antoinette de Langeais. At least ten years -later Grandlieu availed himself of his intimate friend Henri de -Chaulieu and also of Corentin—Saint-Denis—in order to stay the suit -against Lucien de Rubempre which was about to compromise his daughter -Clotilde-Frederique. [The Gondreville Mystery. The Thirteen. A -Bachelor's Establishment. Modeste Mignon. Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] -</p> -<p> -GRANDLIEU (Duchesse Ferdinand de), of Portuguese descent, born Ajuda -and of the elder branch of that house connected with the Braganzas. -Wife of Ferdinand de Grandlieu, and mother of several daughters. Of -sedentary habits, proud, pious, good-hearted and beautiful, she -wielded in Paris during the Restoration a sort of supremacy over the -Faubourg Saint-Germain. The second and the next to the youngest of her -children gave her much anxiety. Combating the hostility of those about -her she welcomed Rubempre, the suitor of her daughter -Clotilde-Frederique—1829-30. The unfortunate results of the marriage -of her other daughter Sabine, Baronne Calyste du Guenic, occupied Mme. -de Grandlieu's attention in 1837, and she succeeded in reconciling the -young couple, with the assistance of Abbe Brossette, Maxime de -Trailles, and La Palferine. Her religious scruples had made her halt a -moment; but they fell like her political fidelity, and, with Mmes. -d'Espard, de Listomere and des Touches, she tacitly recognized the -bourgeois royalty, a few years after a new reign began, and re-opened -the doors of her salon. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Beatrix. A -Daughter of Eve.] -</p> -<p> -GRANDLIEU (Mademoiselle de), eldest daughter of the Duc and Duchesse -de Grandlieu, took the veil in 1822. [A Bachelor's Establishment. -Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -GRANDLIEU (Clotilde-Frederique de), born in 1802; second daughter of -the Duc and Duchesse de Grandlieu; a long, flat creature, the -caricature of her mother. She had no consent save that of her mother -when she fell in love with and wished to marry the ambitious Lucien de -Rubempre in the spring of 1830. She saw him for the last time on the -road to Italy in the forest of Fontainbleu near Bouron and under very -painful circumstances the young man was arrested before her very eyes. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -GRANDLIEU (Josephine de). (See Ajuda-Pinto, Marquise Miguel d'.) -</p> -<p> -GRANDLIEU (Sabine de). (See Guenic, Baronne Calyste du.) -</p> -<p> -GRANDLIEU (Marie-Athenais de). (See Grandlieu, Vicomtesse Juste de.) -</p> -<p> -GRANDLIEU (Vicomtesse de), sister of Comte de Born; descended more -directly than the duke from the countess of the seventeenth century. -From 1813, the time of her husband's death, the head of the younger -Grandlieu house whose device was "Grands faits, grand lieu." Mother of -Camille and of Juste de Grandlieu, and the mother-in-law of Ernest de -Restaud. Returned to France with Louis XVIII. At first she lived on -royal bounty, but afterwards regained a considerable portion of her -property through the efforts of Maitre Derville, about the beginning -of the Restoration. She was very grateful to the lawyer, who also took -her part against the Legion of Honor, was admitted to her confidential -circle and told her the secrets of the Restaud household, one evening -in the winter of 1830 when Ernest de Restaud, son of the Comtesse -Anastasie, was paying court to Camille whom he finally married. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Colonel Chabert. Gobseck.] -</p> -<p> -GRANDLIEU (Camille de). (See Restaud, Comtesse Ernest de.) -</p> -<p> -GRANDLIEU (Vicomte Juste de), son of Vicomtesse de Grandlieu; brother -of Comtesse Ernest de Restaud; cousin and afterwards husband of -Marie-Athenais de Grandlieu, combining by this marriage the fortunes -of the two houses of Grandlieu and obtaining the title of duke. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Gobseck.] -</p> -<p> -GRANDLIEU (Vicomtesse Juste de), born about 1820, Marie-Athenais de -Grandlieu; last daughter of Duc and Duchesse de Grandlieu; married to -her cousin, the Vicomte Juste de Grandlieu. She received at Paris in -the first days of the July government, a young married woman like -herself, Mme. Felix de Vandenesse, then in the midst of a flirtation -with Raoul Nathan. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Gobseck. A -Daughter of Eve.] -</p> -<p> -GRANET, deputy-mayor of the second arrondissement of Paris, in 1818, -under La Billardiere. With his homely wife he was invited to the -Birotteau ball. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -GRANET, one of the leading men of Besancon, under Louis Philippe. In -gratitude for a favor done him by Albert Savarus he nominated the -latter for deputy. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -GRANSON (Madame), poor widow of a lieutenant-colonel of artillery -killed at Jena, by whom she had a son, Athanase. From 1816 she lived -at No. 8 rue du Bercail in Alencon, where the benevolence of a distant -relative, Mme. du Bousquier, put in her charge the treasury of a -maternal society against infanticide, and brought her into contact, -under peculiar circumstances, with the woman who afterwards became -Mme. Theodore Gaillard. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -GRANSON (Athanase), son of the preceding; born in 1793; subordinate in -the mayor's office at Alencon in charge of registry. A sort of poet, -liberal in politics and filled with ambition; weary of poverty and -overflowing with grandiose sentiments. In 1816 he loved, with a -passion that his commonsense combated, Mme. du Bousquier, then Mlle. -Cormon, his senior by more than seventeen years. In 1816 the marriage -dreaded by him took place. He could not brook the blow and drowned -himself in the Sarthe. He was mourned only by his mother and Suzanne -du Val-Noble. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] Nevertheless, eight -years after it was said of him: "The Athanase Gransons must die, -withered up, like the grains which fall on barren rock." [The -Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -GRANVILLE (Comte de), had a defective civil status, the orthography of -the name varying frequently through the insertion of the letter "d" -between the "n" and "v." In 1805 at an advanced age he lived at -Bayeux, where he was probably born. His father was a president of the -Norman Parliament. At Bayeux the Comte married his son to the wealthy -Angelique Bontems. [A Second Home.] -</p> -<p> -GRANVILLE (Vicomte de), son of Comte de Granville, and comte upon his -father's death; born about 1779; a magistrate through family -tradition. Under the guidance of Cambaceres he passed through all the -administrative and judicial grades. He studied with Maitre Bordin, -defended Michu in the trial resulting from the "Gondreville Mystery," -and learned officially and officiously of one of its results a short -time after his marriage with a young girl of Bayeux, a rich heiress -and the acquirer of extensive public lands. Paris was generally the -theatre for the brilliant career of Maitre Granville who, during the -Empire, left the Augustin quai where he had lived to take up his abode -with his wife on the ground-floor of a mansion in the Marais, between -rue Vielle-du-Temple and rue Nueve-Saint-Francois. He became -successively advocate-general at the court of the Seine, and president -of one of its chambers. At this time a domestic drama was being -enacted in his life. Hampered in his open and broad-minded nature by -the bigotry of Mme. de Granville, he sought domestic happiness outside -his home, though he already had a family of four children. He had met -Caroline Crochard on rue du Tourniquet-Saint-Jean. He installed her on -rue Taitbout and found in this relation, though it was of brief -duration, the happiness vainly sought in his proper home. Granville -screened this fleeting joy under the name of Roger. A daughter -Eugenie, and a son Charles, were born of this adulterous union which -was ended by the desertion of Mlle. Crochard and the misconduct of -Charles. Until the death of Mme. Crochard, the mother of Caroline, -Granville was able to keep up appearances before his wife. Thus it -happened that he accompanied her to the country, Seine-et-Oise, when -he assisted M. d'Albon and M. de Sucy. The remainder of Granville's -life, after his wife and his mistress left him, was passed in -comparative solitude in the society of intimate friends like Octave de -Bauvan and Serizy. Hard work and honors partially consoled him. His -request as attorney-general caused the reinstatement of Cesar -Birotteau, one of the tenants at No. 397 rue Saint-Honore. He and his -wife had been invited to the famous ball given by Birotteau more than -three years previously. As attorney-general of the Court of Cassation, -Granville secretly protected Rubempre during the poet's famous trial, -thus drawing upon himself the powerful affection of Jacques Collin, -counterbalanced by the enmity of Amelie Camusot. The Revolution of -July upheld Granville's high rank. He was peer of France under the new -regime, owning and occupying a small mansion on rue Saint-Lazare, or -traveling in Italy. At this time he was one of Dr. Bianchon's -patients. [The Gondreville Mystery. A Second Home. Farewell. Cesar -Birotteau. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. A Daughter of Eve. Cousin -Pons.] -</p> -<p> -GRANVILLE (Comtesse Angelique de), wife of preceding, and daughter of -Bontems, a farmer and sort of Jacobin whom the Revolution enriched -through the purchase of evacuated property at low prices. She was born -at Bayeux in 1787, and received from her mother a very bigoted -education. At the beginning of the Empire she married the son of one -of the neighbors of the family, then Vicomte and later Comte de -Granville; and, under the influence of Abbe Fontanon, she maintained -at Paris the manners and customs of an extreme devotee. She thus -evoked the infidelity of her husband who had begun by simply -neglecting her. Of her four children she retained charge of the -education of her two daughters. She broke off entirely from her -husband when she discovered the existence of her rival, Mlle. de -Bellefeuille—Caroline Crochard—and returned to Bayeux to end her -days, remaining to the last the austere, stingy sanctified creature -who had formerly been scandalized by the openness of the affair of -Montriveau and Mme. de Langeais. She died in 1822. [A Second Home. The -Thirteen. A Daughter of Eve.] -</p> -<p> -GRANVILLE (Vicomte de), elder son of the preceding. Was reared by his -father. In 1828 he was deputy-attorney at Limoges, where he afterwards -became advocate-general. He fell in love with Veronique Graslin, but -incurred her secret disfavor by his proceedings against the assassin -Tascheron. The vicomte had a career almost identical with that of his -father. In 1833 he was made first president at Orleans, and in 1844 -attorney-general. Later near Limoges he came suddenly upon a scene -which moved him deeply: the public confession of Veronique Graslin. -The vicomte had unknowingly been the executioner of the chatelaine of -Montegnac. [A Second Home. A Daughter of Eve. The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -GRANVILLE (Baron Eugene de), younger brother of the foregoing. King's -attorney at Paris from May, 1830. Three years later he still held this -office, when he informed his father of the arrest of a thief named -Charles Crochard, who was the count's natural son. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life. A Second Home.] -</p> -<p> -GRANVILLE (Marie-Angelique de). (See Vandenesse, Comtesse Felix de.) -</p> -<p> -GRANVILLE (Marie-Eugenie de). (See Tillet, Madame Ferdinand du.) -</p> -<p> -GRASLIN (Pierre), born in 1775. An Auvergnat, compatriot and friend of -Sauviat, whose daughter Veronique he married in 1822. He began as a -bank-clerk with Grosstete & Perret, a first-class firm of the town. A -man of business and a hard worker he became successor to his -employers. His fortune, increased by lucky speculations with Brezac, -enabled him to buy one of the finest places in the chief city of -Haute-Vienne. But he was not able to win his wife's heart. His -physical unattractiveness, added to by his carelessness and grinding -avarice, were complicated by a domestic tyranny which soon showed -itself. Thus it was that he was only the legal father of a son named -Francis, but he was ignorant of this fact, for, in the capacity of -juror in the Court of Assizes dealing with the fate of Tascheron, the -real father of the child, he urged but in vain the acquittal of the -prisoner. Two years after the boy's birth and the execution of the -mother's lover, in April, 1831, Pierre Graslin died of weakness and -grief. The July Revolution suddenly breaking forth had shaken his -financial standing, which was regained only with an effort. It was at -the time when he had brought Montegnac from the Navarreins. [The -Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -GRASLIN (Madame Pierre), wife of preceding; born Veronique Sauviat, at -Limoges in May, 1802; beautiful in spite of traces of small-pox; had -had the spoiled though simple childhood of an only daughter. When -twenty she married Pierre Graslin. Soon after marriage her ingenuous -nature, romantic and refined, suffered in secret from the harsh -tyranny of the man whose name she bore. Veronique, however, held aloof -from the gallants who frequented her salon, especially the Vicomte de -Granville. She had become the secret mistress of J.-F. Tascheron, a -porcelain worker. She was on the point of eloping with him when a -crime committed by him was discovered. Mme. Graslin suffered the most -poignant anguish, giving birth to the child of the condemned man at -the very moment when the father was led to execution. She inflicted -upon herself the bitterest flagellations. She could devote herself -more freely to penance after her husband's death, which occurred two -years later. She left Limoges for Montegnac, where she made herself -truly famous by charitable works on a huge scale. The sudden return of -the sister of her lover dealt her the final blow. Still she had energy -enough to bring about the union of Denise Tascheron and Gregoire -Gerard, gave her son into their keeping, left important bequests -destined to keep alive her memory, and died during the summer of 1844 -after confessing in public in the presence of Bianchon, Dutheil, -Granville, Mme. Sauviat and Bonnet who were all seized with admiration -and tenderness for her. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -GRASLIN (Francis), born at Limoges in August, 1829. Only child of -Veronique Graslin, legal son of Pierre Graslin, but natural son of -J.-F. Tascheron. He lost his legal father two years after his birth, -and his mother thirteen years later. His tutor M. Ruffin, his maternal -grandmother Mme. Sauviat, and above all the Gregoire Gerards watched -over his boyhood at Montegnac. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -GRASSET, bailiff and successor of Louchard. On the demand of Lisbeth -Fischer and by Rivet's advice, in 1838, he arrested W. Steinbock in -Paris and took him to Clichy prison. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -GRASSINS (Des), ex-quartermaster of the Guard, seriously wounded at -Austerlitz, pensioned and decorated. Time of Louis XVIII. he became -the richest banker in Saumur, which he left for Paris where he located -with the purpose of settling the unfortunate affairs of the suicide, -Guillaume Grandet and where he was later made a deputy. Although the -father of a family he conceived a passion for Florine, a pretty -actress of the Theatre du Madame,* to the havoc of his fortune. -[Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<pre> -* The name of this theatre was changed, in 1830, to - Gymnase-Dramatique. -</pre> -<p> -GRASSINS (Madame des), born about 1780; wife of foregoing, giving him -two children; spent most of her life at Saumur. Her husband's position -and sundry physical charms which she was able to preserve till nearly -her fortieth year enabled her to shine somewhat in society. With the -Cruchots she often visited the Grandets, and, like the family of the -President de Bonfons, she dreamed of mating Eugenie with her son -Adolphe. The dissipated life of her husband at Paris and the -combination of the Cruchots upset her plans. Nor was she able to do -much for her daughter. However, deprived of much of her property and -making the best of things, Mme. des Grassins continued unaided the -management of the bank at Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -GRASSINS (Adolphe des), born in 1797, son of M. and Mme. des Grassins; -studied law at Paris where he lived in a lavish way. A caller at the -Nucingens where he met Charles Grandet. Returned to Saumur in 1819 and -vainly courted Eugenie Grandet. Finally he returned to Paris and -rejoined his father whose wild life he imitated. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -GRASSOU (Pierre), born at Fougeres, Brittany, in 1795. Son of a -Vendean peasant and militant Royalist. Removing at an early age to -Paris he began as clerk to a paint-dealer who was from Mayenne and a -distant relative of the Orgemonts. A mistaken idea led him toward art. -His Breton stubbornness led him successively to the studios of Servin, -Schinner and Sommervieux. He afterwards studied, but fruitlessly, the -works of Granet and Drolling; then he completed his art studies with -Duval-Lecamus. Grassou profited nothing by his work with these -masters, nor did his acquaintance with Lora or Joseph Bridau assist -him. Though he could understand and admire he lacked the creative -faculty and the skill in execution. For this reason Grassou, usually -called Fougeres by his comrades, obtained their warm support and -succeeded in getting admission into the Salon of 1829, for his "Toilet -of a Condemned Chouan," a very mediocre painting palpably along the -lines of Gerard Dow. The work obtained for him from Charles X. the -cross of the Legion of Honor. At last his canvasses found purchasers. -Elie Magus gave him an order for pictures after the Flemish school, -which he sold to Vervelle as works of Dow or Teniers. At that time -Grassou lived at No. 2 rue de Navarin. He became the son-in-law of -Vervelle, in 1832, marrying Virginie Vervelle, the heiress of the -family, who brought him a dowry of one hundred thousand francs, as -well as country and city property. His determined mediocrity opened -the doors of the Academy to him and made him an officer in the Legion -of Honor in 1830, and major of a battalion in the National Guard after -the riots of May 12. He was adored by the middle classes, becoming -their accredited artist. Painted portraits of all the members of the -Crevel and Thuillier families, and also of the director of the theatre -who preceded Gaudissart. Left many frightful and ridiculous daubs, one -of which found its way into Topinard's humble home. [Pierre Grassou. A -Bachelor's Establishment. Cousin Betty. The Middle Classes. Cousin -Pons.] -</p> -<p> -GRASSOU (Madame Pierre), born Virginie Vervelle; red-haired and -homely; sole heiress of wealthy dealers in cork, on rue Boucherat. -Wife of the preceding whom she married in Paris in 1832. There is a -portrait of her painted in this same year before her marriage, which -at first was a colorless study by Grassou, but was dexterously -retouched by Joseph Bridau. [Pierre Grassou.] -</p> -<p> -GRAVELOT brothers, lumber-merchants of Paris, who purchased in 1823 -the forests of Aigues, the Burgundy estate of General de Montcornet. -[The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GRAVIER, paymaster-general of the army during the first Empire, and -interested at that time in large Spanish affairs with certain -commanding officers. Upon the return of the Bourbons he purchased at -twenty thousand francs of La Baudraye the office of tax-receiver for -Sancerres, which office he still held about 1836. With the Abbe Duret -and others he frequented the home of Mme. Dinah de la Baudraye. He was -little, fat and common. His court made little way with the baroness, -despite his talent and his worldly-wise ways of a bachelor. He sang -ballads, told stories, and displayed pseudo-rare autographs. [The Muse -of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -GRAVIER, of Grenoble; head of a family; father-in-law of a notary; -chief of division of the prefecture of Isere in 1829. Knew Genestas -and recommended to him Dr. Benassis, the mayor of the village of which -he himself was one of the benefactors, as the one to attend Adrien -Genestas-Renard. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -GRENIER, known as Fleur-de-Genet; deserter from the Sixty-ninth -demi-brigade; chauffeur executed in 1809. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -GRENOUVILLE, proprietor of a large and splendid notion store in -Boulevard des Italiens, Paris, about 1840; a customer of the Bijous, -embroiderers also in business at Paris. At this time an ardent admirer -of Mlle. Olympe Bijou, former mistress of Baron Hulot and Idamore -Chardin. He married her and gave an income to her parents. [Cousin -Betty.] -</p> -<p> -GRENOUVILLE (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Olympe Bijou, about -1824. In the middle of the reign of Louis Philippe she lived in Paris -near La Courtille, in rue Saint-Maur-du-Temple. Was a pretty but poor -embroiderer surrounded by a numerous and poverty-stricken family when -Josepha Mirah obtained for her old Baron Hulot and a shop. Having -abandoned Hulot for Idamore Chardin, who left her, Olympe married -Grenouville and became a well-known tradeswoman. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -GRENVILLE (Arthur-Ormond, Lord), wealthy Englishman; was being treated -at Montpellier for lung trouble when the rupture of the treaty of -peace of Amiens confined him to Tours. About 1814 he fell in love with -the Marquise Victor d'Aiglemont, whom he afterwards met elsewhere. -Posing as a physician he attended her in an illness and succeeded in -curing her. He visited her also in Paris, finally dying to save her -honor, after suffering his fingers to be crushed in a door—1823. [A -Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -GREVIN of Arcis, Aube, began life in the same way as his compatriot -and intimate friend Malin de Gondreville. In 1787, he was second clerk -to Maitre Bordin, attorney of the Chatelet, Paris. Returned to -Champagne at the outbreak of the Revolution. There he received the -successive protection of Danton, Bonaparte and Gondreville. By virtue -of them he became an oracle to the Liberals, was enabled to marry -Mlle. Varlet, the only daughter of the best physician of the city, to -purchase a notary's practice, and to become wealthy. A level-headed -man, Grevin often advised Gondreville, and he directed the mysterious -and fictitious abduction—1803 and the years following. Of his union -with Mlle. Varlet, who died rather young, one daughter was born, -Severine, who became Mme. Phileas Beauvisage. In his old age he -devoted a great deal of attention to his children and their brilliant -future, especially during the election of May, 1839. [A Start in Life. -The Gondreville Mystery. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -GREVIN (Madame), wife of foregoing; born Varlet; daughter of the best -doctor of Arcis-sur-Aube; sister of another Varlet, a doctor in the -same town; mother of Mme. Severine Phileas Beauvisage. With Mme. -Marion she was more or less implicated in the Gondreville mystery. She -died rather young. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -GREVIN, corsair, who served under Admiral de Simeuse in the Indies. In -1816, paralyzed and deaf, he lived with his granddaughter, Mme. -Lardot, a laundress of Alencon, who employed Cesarine and Suzanne and -was patronized by the Chevalier de Valois. [Jealousies of a Country -Town.] -</p> -<p> -GRIBEAUCOURT (Mademoiselle de), old maid of Saumur and friend of the -Cruchots during the Restoration. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -GRIFFITH (Miss), born in 1787; Scotch woman, daughter of a minister in -straitened circumstances; under the Restoration she was governess of -Louise de Chaulieu, whose love she won by reason of her kindliness and -penetration. [Letters of Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -GRIGNAULT (Sophie). (See Nathan, Mme. Raoul.) -</p> -<p> -GRIMBERT, held, in 1819, at Ruffec, Charente, the office of the Royal -Couriers. At that time he received from Mlles. Laure and Agathe de -Rastignac, a considerable sum of money addressed to their brother -Eugene, at the Pension Vauquer, Paris. [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -GRIMONT, born about 1786; a priest of some capability; cure of -Guerande, Brittany. In 1836, a constant visitor at the Guenics, he -exerted a tardily acquired influence over Felicite des Touches, whose -disappointments in love he fathomed and whom he determined to turn -towards a religious life. Her conversion gave Grimont the -vicar-generalship of the diocese of Nantes. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -GRIMPEL, physician at Paris in the Pantheon quarter, time of Louis -XVIII. Among his patients was Mme. Vauquer, who sent for him to attend -Vautrin when the latter was overcome by a narcotic treacherously -administered by Mlle. Michonneau. [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -GRINDOT, French architect in the first half of the nineteenth century; -won the Roman prize in 1814. His talent, which met the approval of the -Academy, was heartily recognized by the masses of Paris. About the end -of 1818 Cesar Birotteau gave him carte-blanche in the remodeling of -his apartments on rue Saint-Honore, and invited him to his ball. -Matifat, between the years 1821 and 1822, commissioned him to ornament -the suite of Mme. Raoul Nathan on rue de Bondy. The Comte de Serizy -employed him likewise in 1822 in the restoration of his chateau of -Presles near Beaumont-sur-Oise. About 1829 Grindot embellished a -little house on rue Saint-Georges where successively dwelt Suzanne -Gaillard and Esther van Gobseck. Time of Louis Philippe, Arthur de -Rochefide, and M. and Mme. Fabien du Ronceret gave him contracts. His -decline and that of the monarchy coincided. He was no longer in vogue -during the July government. On motion of Chaffaroux he received -twenty-five thousand francs for the decoration of four rooms of -Thuillier's. Lastly Crevel, an imitator and grinder, utilized Grindot -on rue des Saussaies, rue du Dauphin and rue Barbet-de-Jouy for his -official and secret habitations. [Cesar Birotteau. Lost Illusions. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Start in Life. Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life. Beatrix. The Middle Classes. Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -GROISON, non-commissioned officer of cavalry in the Imperial Guard; -later, during the Restoraton, estate-keeper of Blangy, where he -succeeded Vaudoyer at a salary of three hundred francs. Montcornet, -mayor of that commune arranged a marriage between the old soldier and -the orphan daughter of one of his farmers who brought him three acres -of vineyards. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GROS (Antoine-Jean), celebrated painter born in Paris in 1771, drowned -himself June, 1835. Was the teacher of Joseph Bridau and, despite his -parsimonious habits, supplied materials—about 1818—to the future -painter of "The Venetian Senator and the Courtesan" enabling him to -obtain five thousand francs from a double government position. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -GROSLIER, police commissioner of Arcis-sur-Aube at the beginning of -the electoral campaign of 1839. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -GROSMORT, small boy of Alencon in 1816. Left the town in that year and -went to Prebaudet, an estate of Mme. du Bousquier, to tell her of -Troisville's arrival. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -GROSS-NARP (Comte de), son-in-law, no doubt fictitious, of a very -great lady, invented and represented by Jacqueline Collin to serve the -menaced interests of Jacques Collin in Paris about the end of the -Restoration. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -GROSSTETE (F.), director, with Perret, of a Limoges banking-house, -during the Empire and Restoration. His clerk and successor was Pierre -Graslin. Retired from business, a married man, wealthy, devoted to -horticulture, he spent much of his time in the fields in the outskirts -of Limoges. Endowed with a superior intellect, he seemed to understand -Veronique Graslin, whose society he sought and whose secrets he tried -to fathom. He introduced his godson, Gregoire Gerard, to her. [The -Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -GROSSTETE (Madame F.), wife of preceding; a person of some importance -in Limoges, time of the Restoration. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -GROSSTETE, younger brother of F. Grosstete. Receiver-general at -Bourges during the Restoration. He had a large fortune which enabled -his daughter Anna to wed a Fontaine about 1823. [The Country Parson. -The Muse of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -GROZIER (Abbe) was chosen, in the early part of the Restoration, to -arbitrate the dispute of two proof-readers—one of whom was Saint-Simon -—over Chinese paper. He proved that the Chinese make their paper -from bamboo. [Lost Illusions.] He was librarian of the Arsenal at -Paris. Was tutor of the Marquis d'Espard. Was learned in the history -and manners of China. Taught this knowledge to his pupil. [The -Commission in Lunacy.]* -</p> -<pre> -* Abbe Grozier, or Crozier (Jean Baptiste-Gabriel-Alexandre), born - March 1, 1743, at Saint-Omer, died December 8, 1823, at Paris; - collaborator of the "Literary Year" with Freron and Geoffroy, and - author of a "General History of China"—Paris 1777-1784, 12 vols. -</pre> -<p> -GRUGET (Madame Etienne), born in the latter part of the eighteenth -century. About 1820, lace-maker at No. 12 rue des Enfants-Rouges, -Paris, where she concealed and cared for Gratien Bourignard, the lover -of her daughter Ida, who drowned herself. Bourignard was the father of -Mme. Jules Desmarets. [The Thirteen.] Becoming a nurse about the end -of 1824, Mme. Gruget attended the division-chief, La Billiardiere, in -his final sickness. [The Government Clerks.] In 1828 she followed the -same profession for ten sous a day, including board. At that time she -attended the last illness of Comtesse Flore Philippe de Brambourg, on -rue Chaussee-d'Antin, before the invalid was removed to the Dubois -hospital. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -GRUGET (Ida), daughter of the preceding. About 1820 was a corset-fitter -at No. 14 rue de la Corderie-du-Temple, Paris; employed by Mme. -Meynardie. She was also the mistress of Gatien Bourignard. -Passionately jealous, she rashly made a scene in the home of Jules -Desmarets, her lover's son-in-law. Then she drowned herself, in a fit -of despair, and was buried in a little cemetery of a village of -Seine-et-Oise. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -GUA SAINT-CYR (Madame du), in spite of the improbability aroused on -account of her age, passed for a time, in 1799, as the mother of -Alphonse de Montauran. She had been married and was then a widow; Gua -was not her true name. She was the last mistress of Charette and, -being still young, took his place with the youthful Alphonse de -Montauran. She displayed a savage jealousy for Mlle. de Verneuil. One -of the first Vendean sallies of 1799, planned by Mme. du Gua, was -unsuccessful and absurd. The old "mare of Charette" caused the coach -between Mayenne and Fougeres to be waylaid; but the money stolen was -that which was being sent her by her mother. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -GUA SAINT-CYR (Du), name assumed in Brittany, in 1799, by Alphonse de -Montauran, the Chouan leader. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -GUA SAINT-CYR (Monsieur and Madame du), son and mother; rightful -bearers of the name were murdered, with the courier, in November by -the Chouans. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -GUDIN (Abbe), born about 1759; was one of the Chouan leaders in 1799. -He was a formidable fellow, one of the Jesuits stubborn enough, -perhaps devoted enough, to oppose upon French soil the proscriptive -edict of 1793. This firebrand of Western conflict fell, slain by the -Blues, almost under the eyes of his patriot nephew, the -sub-lieutenant, Gudin. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -GUDIN, nephew of the preceding, and nevertheless a patriot conscript -from Fougeres, Brittany, during the campaign of 1799; successively -corporal and sub-lieutenant. The former grade was obtained through -Hulot. Was the superior of Beau-Pied. Gudin was killed near Fougeres -by Marie de Verneuil, who had assumed the attire of her husband, -Alphonse de Montauran. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -GUENEE (Madame). (See Galardon, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -GUENIC (Gaudebert-Calyste-Charles, Baron du), born in 1763. Head of a -Breton house of very ancient founding, he justified throughout his -long life the device upon his coat-of-arms, which read: "Fac!" Without -hope of reward he constantly defended, in Vendee and Brittany, his God -and his king by service as private soldier and captain, with Charette, -Chatelineau, La Rochejacquelein, Elbee, Bonchamp and the Prince of -Loudon. Was one of the commanders of the campaign of 1799 when he bore -the name of "L'Intime," and was, with Bauvan, a witness to the -marriage <i>in extremis</i> of Alphonse de Montauran and Marie de Verneuil. -Three years later he went to Ireland, where he married Miss Fanny -O'Brien, of a noble family of that country. Events of 1814 permitted -his return to Guerande, Loire-Inferieure, where his house, though -impoverished, wielded great influence. In recognition of his -unfaltering devotion to the Royalist cause, M. du Guenic received only -the Cross of Saint-Louis. Incapable of protesting, he intrepidly -defended his town against the battalions of General Travot in the -following year. The final Chouan insurrection, that of 1832, called -him to arms once again. Accompanied by Calyste, his only son, and a -servant, Gasselin, he returned to Guerande, lived there for some -years, despite his numerous wounds, and died suddenly, at the age of -seventy-four, in 1837. [The Chouans. Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -GUENIC (Baronne du), wife of the preceding; native of Ireland; born -Fanny O'Brien, about 1793, of aristocratic lineage. Poor and -surrounded by wealthy relatives, beautiful and distinguished, she -married, in 1813, Baron du Guenic, following him the succeeding year -to Guerande and devoting her life and youth to him. She bore one son, -Calyste, to whom she was more like an elder sister. She watched -closely the two mistresses of the young man, and finally understood -Felicite des Touches; but she always was in a tremor on account of -Beatrix de Rochefide, even after the marriage of Calyste, which took -place in the year of the baron's death. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -GUENIC (Gaudebert-Calyste-Louis du), probably born in 1815, at -Guerande, Loire-Inferieure; only son of the foregoing, by whom he was -adored, and to whose dual influence he was subject. He was the -physical and moral replica of his mother. His father wished to make -him a gentleman of the old school. In 1832 he fought for the heir of -the Bourbons. He had other aspirations which he was able to satisfy at -the home of an illustrious chatelaine of the vicinity, Mlle. Felicite -des Touches. The chevalier was much enamored of the celebrated -authoress, who had great influence over him, did not accept him and -turned him over to Mme. de Rochefide. Beatrix played with the heir of -the house of Guenic the same ill-starred comedy carried through by -Antoinette de Langeais with regard to Montriveau. Calyste married -Mlle. Sabine de Grandlieu, and took the title of baron after his -father's death. He lived in Paris on Faubourg Saint-Germain, and -between 1838 and 1840 was acquainted with Georges de Maufrigneuse, -Savinien de Portenduere, the Rhetores, the Lenoncourt-Chaulieus and -Mme. de Rochefide—whose lover he finally became. The intervention of -the Duchesse de Grandlieu put an end to this love affair. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -GUENIC (Madame Calyste du), born Sabine de Grandlieu; wife of the -preceding, whom she married about 1837. Nearly three years later she -was in danger of dying upon hearing, at her confinement, that she had -a fortunate rival in the person of Beatrix de Rochefide. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -GUENIC (Zephirine du) born in 1756 at Guerande; lived almost all her -life with her younger brother, the Baron du Guenic, whose ideas, -principles and opinions she shared. She dreamed of a rehabilitation of -her improverished house, and pushed her economy to the point of -refusng to undergo an operation for cataract. For a long time she -wished that Mlle. Charlotte de Kergarouet might become her niece by -marriage. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -GUEPIN, of Provins, located in Paris. He had at the "Trois -Quenouilles" one of the largest draper's shops on rue Saint-Denis. His -head-clerk was his compatriot, Jerome-Denis Rogron. In 1815, he turned -over his business to his grandson and returned to Provins, where his -family formed a clan. Later Rogron retired also and rejoined him -there. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -GUERBET, wealthy farmer in the country near Ville-aux-Fayes; married, -in the last of the eighteenth or first of the nineteenth century, the -only daughter of Mouchon junior, then postmaster of Conches, Burgundy. -After the death of his father-in-law, about 1817, he succeeded to the -office. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GUERBET, brother of the foregoing, and related to the Gaubertins and -Gendrins. Rich tax-collector of Soulanges, Burgundy. Stout, dumpy -fellow with a butter face, wig, earrings, and immense collars; given -to pomology; was the wit of the village and one of the lions of Mme. -Soudry's salon. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GUERBET, circuit judge of Ville-aux-Fayes, Burgundy, in 1823. Like his -uncle, the postmaster, and his father, the tax-collector, he was -entirely devoted to Gaubertin. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -GUILLAUME, in the course of, or at the end of the eighteenth century, -began as clerk to Chevrel, draper, on rue Saint-Denis, Paris, "at the -Sign of the Cat and Racket"; afterwards became his son-in-law, -succeeded him, became wealthy and retired, during the first Empire, -after marrying off his two daughters, Virginie and Augustine, in the -same day. He became member of the Consultation Committee for the -uniforming of the troops, changed his home, living in a house of his -own on rue du Colombier, was intimate with the Ragons and the -Birotteaus, being invited with his wife to the ball given by the -latter. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket. Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -GUILLAUME (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Chevrel; cousin of -Mme. Roguin; a stiff-necked, middle-class woman, who was scandalized -by the marriage of her second daughter, Augustine, with Theodore de -Sommervieux. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] -</p> -<p> -GUILLAUME, servant of Marquis d'Aiglemont in 1823. [A Woman of -Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -GUINARD (Abbe), priest of Sancerre in 1836. [The Muse of the -Department.] -</p> -<p> -GYAS (Marquise de), lived at Bordeaux during the Restoration; gave -much thought to marrying off her daughter, and, being intimate with -Mme. Evangelista, felt hurt when Natalie Evangelista married Paul de -Manerville in 1822. However, the Marquis de Gyas was one of the -witnesses at the wedding. [A Marriage Settlement.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0011"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - H -</h2> -<p> -HABERT (Abbe), vicar at Provins under the Restoration; a stern, -ambitious prelate, a source of annoyance to Vinet; dreamed of marrying -his sister Celeste to Jerome-Denis Rogron. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -HABERT (Celeste), sister of the preceding; born about 1797; managed a -girls' boarding-school at Provins, in the closing years of Charles -X.'s reign. Visited at the Rogrons. Gouraud and Vinet shunned her. -[Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -HADOT (Madame), who lived at La Charite, Nievre, in 1836, was mistaken -for Mme. Barthelemy-Hadot, the French novelist, whose name was -mentioned at Mme. de la Baudraye's, near Sancerre. [The Muse of the -Department.] -</p> -<p> -HALGA (Chevalier du), naval officer greatly esteemed by Suffren and -Portenduere; captain of Kergarouet's flagship; lover of that admiral's -wife, whom he survived. He served in the Indian and Russian waters, -refused to take up arms against France, and returned with a petty -pension after the emigration. Knew Richelieu intimately. Remained in -Paris the inseparable friend and adherent of Kergarouet. Called near -the Madeleine upon the Mesdames de Rouville, other protegees of his -patron. The death of Louis XVIII. took Halga back to Guerande, his -native town, where he became mayor and was still living in 1836. He -was well acquainted with the Guenics and made himself ridiculous by -his fancied ailments as well as by his solicitude for his dog, Thisbe. -[The Purse. Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -HALPERSOHN (Moses), a refugee Polish Jew, excellent physician, -communist, very eccentric, avaricious, friend of Lelewel the -insurrectionist. Time of Louis Philippe at Paris, he attended Vanda de -Mergi, given up by several doctors, and also diagnosed her complicated -disease. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -HALPERTIUS, assumed name of Jacques Collin. -</p> -<p> -HANNEQUIN (Leopold), Parisian notary. The "Revue de l'Est," a paper -published at Besancon, time of Louis Philippe, gave, in an -autobiographical novel of its editor-in-chief, Albert Savarus, -entitled "L'Ambitieux par Amour," the story of the boyhood of Leopold -Hannequin, the author's inseparable friend. Savarus told of their -joint travels, and of the quiet preparation made by his friend for a -notaryship during the time known as the Restoration. During the -monarchy of the barricades Hannequin remained the steadfast friend of -Savarus, being one of the first to find his hiding-place. At that time -the notary had an office in Paris. He married there to advantage, -became head of a family, and deputy-mayor of a precinct, and obtained -the decoration for a wound received at the cloister of Saint-Merri. He -was welcomed and made use of in the Faubourg Saint-Germain, the -Saint-Georges quarter and the Marais. At the Grandlieus' request he -drew up the marriage settlement of their daughter Sabine with Calyste du -Guenic—1837. Four years later he consulted with old Marshal Hulot, on -rue du Montparnasse, regarding his will in behalf of Mlle. Fischer and -Mme. Steinbock. About 1845, at the request of Heloise Brisetout, he -drew up Sylvain Pons' will. [Albert Savarus. Beatrix. Cousin Betty. -Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -HAPPE & DUNCKER, celebrated bankers of Amsterdam, amateur art-collectors, -and snobbish parvenus, bought, in 1813, the fine gallery of Balthazar -Claes, paying one hundred thousand ducats for it. [The Quest of the -Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -HAUDRY, doctor at Paris during the first part of the nineteenth -century. An old man and an upholder of old treatments; having a -practice mainly among the middle class. Attended Cesar Birotteau, -Jules Desmarets, Mme. Descoings and Vanda de Mergi. His name was still -cited at the end of Louis Philippe's reign. [Cesar Birotteau. The -Thirteen. A Bachelor's Establishment. The Seamy Side of History. -Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -HAUGOULT (Pere), oratorian and regent of the Vendome college, about -1811. Stern and narrow-minded, he did not comprehend the budding -genius of one of his pupils, Louis Lambert, but destroyed the -"Treatise on the Will," written by the lad. [Louis Lambert.] -</p> -<p> -HAUTESERRE (D'), born in 1751; grandfather of Marquis de Cinq-Cygne; -guardian of Laurence de Cinq-Cygne; father of Robert and Adrien -d'Hauteserre. A gentleman of caution he would willingly have parleyed -with the Revolution; he made this evident after 1803 in the Arcis -precinct where he resided, and especially during the succeeding years -marked by an affair which jeopardized the lives of some of his family. -Gondreville, Peyrade, Corentin, Fouche and Napoleon were bugaboos to -d'Hauteserre. He outlived his sons. [The Gondreville Mystery. The -Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -HAUTESERRE (Madame d'), wife of the preceding; born in 1763; mother of -Robert and Adrien; showed throughout her wearied, saddened frame the -marks of the old regime. Following Goujet's advice she countenanced -the deeds of Mlle. de Cinq-Cygne, the bold, dashing -counter-revolutionist of Arcis during 1803 and succeeding years. Mme. -Hauteserre survived her sons. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -HAUTESERRE (Robert d'), elder son of the foregoing. Brusque, recalling -the men of mediaeval times, despite his feeble constitution. A man of -honor, he followed the fortunes of his brother Adrien and his kinsmen -the Simeuses. Like them, he emigrated during the first Revolution, and -returned to the neighborhood of Arcis about 1803. Like them again he -became enamored of Mlle. de Cinq-Cygne. Wrongly accused of having -abducted the senator, Malin de Gondreville, and sentenced to ten -years' hard labor, he obtained the Emperor's pardon and was made -sub-lieutenant in the cavalry. He died as colonel at the storming of -Moskowa, September 7, 1812. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -HAUTESERRE (Adrien d'), second son of M. and Mme. d'Hauteserre; was of -different stamp from his older brother Robert, yet had many things in -common with the latter's career. He also was influenced by honor. He -also emigrated and, on his return, fell under the same sentence. He -also obtained Napoleon's pardon and a commission in the army, taking -Robert's place in the attack on Moskowa; and in recognition of his -severe wounds became brigadier-general after the battle of Dresden, -August 26, 27, 1813. The doors of the Chateau de Cinq-Cygne were -opened to admit the mutilated soldier, who married his mistress, -Laurence, though his affection was not requited. This marriage made -Adrien Marquis de Cinq-Cygne. During the Restoration he was made a -peer, promoted to lieutenant-general, and obtained the Cross of -Saint-Louis. He died in 1829, lamented by his wife, his parents and -his children. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -HAUTESERRE (Abbe d'), brother of M. d'Hauteserre; somewhat like his -young kinsman in disposition; made some ado over his noble birth; thus -it happened that he was killed, shot in the attack on the Hotel de -Cinq-Cygne by the people of Troyes, in 1792. [The Gondreville -Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -HAUTOY (Francis du), gentleman of Angouleme; was consul at Valence. -Lived in the chief city of Charente between 1821 and 1824; frequented -the Bargetons; was on the most intimate terms with the Senonches, and -was said to be the father of Francoise de la Haye, daughter of Mme. de -Senonches. Hautoy seemed slightly superior to his associates. [Lost -Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -HENRI, police-agent at Paris in 1840, given special assignments by -Corentin, and placed as servant successively at the Thuilliers, and -with Nepomucene Picot, with the duty of watching Theodose de la -Peyrade. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -HERBELOT, notary of Arcis-sur-Aube during the electoral period of -spring, 1839; visited the Beauvisages, Marions and Mollots. [The -Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -HERBELOT (Malvina), born in 1809; sister of the preceding, whose -curiosity she shared, when the Arcis elections were in progress. She -also called on the Beauvisages and the Mollots, and, despite her -thirty years, sought the society of the young women of these houses. -[The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -HERBOMEZ, of Mayenne, nick-named General Hardi; chauffeur implicated -in the Royalist uprising in which Henriette Bryond took part, during -the first Empire. Like Mme. de la Chanterie's daughter, Herbomez paid -with his head his share in the rebellion. His execution took place in -1809. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -HERBOMEZ (D'), brother of the foregoing, but more fortunate, he ended -by becoming a count and receiver-general. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -HEREDIA (Marie). (See Soria, Duchesse de.) -</p> -<p> -HERMANN, a Nuremberg merchant who commanded a free company enlisted -against the French, in October, 1799. Was arrested and thrown into a -prison of Andernach, where he had for fellow-prisoner, Prosper Magnan, -a young assistant surgeon, native of Beauvais, Oise. Hermann thus -learned the terrible secret of an unjust detention followed by an -execution equally unjust. Many years after, in Paris, he told the -story of the martyrdom of Magnan in the presence of F. Taillefer, the -unpunished author of the dual crime which had caused the imprisonment -and death of an innocent man. [The Red Inn.] -</p> -<p> -HERON, notary of Issoudun in the early part of the nineteenth century, -who was attorney for the Rougets, father and son. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -HEROUVILLE (Marechal d'), whose ancestors' names were inscribed in the -pages of French history, during the sixteenth and seventeenth -centuries, replete with glory and dramatic mystery; was Duc de Nivron. -He was the last governor of Normandy, returned from exile with Louis -XVIII. in 1814, and died at an advanced age in 1819. [The Hated Son. -Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -HEROUVILLE (Duc d'), son of the preceding; born in 1796, at Vienna, -Austria, during the emigration, "fruit of the matrimonial autumn of -the last governor of Normandy"; descendant of a Comte d'Herouville, a -Norman free-lance who lived under Henri IV. and Louis XIII. He was -Marquis de Saint-Sever, Duc de Nivron, Comte de Bayeux, Vicomte -d'Essigny, grand equerry and peer of France, chevalier of the Order of -the Spur and of the Golden Fleece, and grandee of Spain. A more modest -origin, however, was ascribed to him by some. The founder of his house -was supposed to have been an usher at the court of Robert of Normandy. -But the coat-of-arms bore the device "Herus Villa"—House of the -Chief. At any rate, the physical unattractiveness and comparative lack -of means of D'Herouville, who was a kind of dwarf, contrasted with his -aristocratic lineage. However, his income allowed him to keep a house -on rue Saint-Thomas du Louvre, Paris, and to keep on good terms with -the Chaulieus. He maintained Fanny Beaupre, who apparently cost him -dear; for, about 1829, he sought the hand of the Mignon heiress. -During the reign of Louis Philippe, D'Herouville, then a social -leader, had acquaintance with the Hulots, was known as a celebrated -art amateur, and resided on rue de Varenne, in Faubourg Saint-Germain. -Later he took Josepha Mirah from Hulot, and installed her in fine -style on rue Saint-Maur-du-Temple with Olympe Bijou. [The Hated Son. -Jealousies of a Country Town. Modeste Mignon. Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -HEROUVILLE (Mademoiselle d'), aunt of the preceding; dreamed of a rich -marriage for that stunted creature, who seemed a sort of reproduction -of an evil Herouville of past ages. She desired Modeste Mignon for -him; but her aristocratic pride revolted at the thought of Mlle. -Monegod or Augusta de Nucingen. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -HEROUVILLE (Helene d'), niece of the preceding; sister of Duc -d'Herouville; accompanied her relatives to Havre in 1829; afterwards -knew the Mignons. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -HERRERA (Carlos), unacknowledged son of the Duc d'Ossuna; canon of the -cathedral of Toledo, charged with a political mission to France by -Ferdinand VII. He was drawn into an ambush by Jacques Collin, who -killed him, stripped him and then assumed his name until about 1830. -[Lost Illusions. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -HICLAR, Parisian musician, in 1845, who received from Dubourdieu, a -symbolical painter, author of a figure of Harmony, an order to compose -a symphony suitable of being played before the picture. [The -Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -HILEY, alias the Laborer, a chauffeur and the most cunning of minor -participants in the Royalist uprising of Orne. Was executed in 1809. -[The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -HIPPOLYTE, young officer, aide-de-camp to general Eble in the Russian -campaign; friend of Major Philippe de Sucy. Killed in an attack on the -Russians near Studzianka, November 18, 1812. [Farewell.] -</p> -<p> -HOCHON, born at Issoudun about 1738; was tax-receiver at Selles, -Berry. Married Maximilienne, the sister of Sub-Delegate Lousteau. Had -three children, one of whom became Mme. Borniche. Hochon's marriage -and the change of the political horizon brought him back to his native -town where he and his family were long known as the Five Hochons. -Mlle. Hochon's marriage and the death of her brothers made the jest -still tenable; for M. Hochon, despite a proverbial avarice, adopted -their posterity—Francois Hochon, Baruch and Adolphine Borniche. -Hochon lived till an advanced age. He was still living at the end of -the Restoration, and gave shrewd advice to the Bridaus regarding the -Rouget legacy. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -HOCHON (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Maximilienne Lousteau -about 1750; sister of the sub-delegate; also god-mother of Mme. -Bridau, nee Rouget. During her whole life she displayed a sweet and -resigned sympathy. The neglected and timorous mother of a family, she -bore the matrimonial yoke of a second Felix Grandet. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -HOCHON, elder son of the foregoing; survived his brother and sister; -married at an early age to a wealthy woman by whom he had one son; -died a year before her, in 1813, slain at the battle of Hanau. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -HOCHON (Francois), son of the preceding, born in 1798. Left an orphan -at sixteen he was adopted by his paternal grandparents and lived in -Issoudun with his cousins, the Borniche children. He affiliated -secretly with Maxence Gilet, being one of the "Knights of Idlesse," -till his conduct was discovered. His stern grandmother sent the young -man to Poitiers where he studied law and received a yearly allowance -of six hundred francs. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -HONORINE, (See Bauvan, Comtesse Octave de.) -</p> -<p> -HOPWOOD (Lady Julia), English; made a journey to Spain between 1818 -and 1819, and had there for a time a chamber-maid known as Caroline, -who was none other than Antoinette de Langeais, who had fled from -Paris after Montriveau jilted her. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -HOREAU (Jacques), alias the Stuart, had been lieutenant in the -Sixty-ninth demi-brigade. Became one of the associates of Tinteniac, -known through his participation in the Quiberon expedition. Turned -chauffeur and compromised himself in the Orne Royalist uprising. Was -executed in 1809. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -HORTENSE was, under Louis Philippe, one of the numerous mistresses of -Lord Dudley. She lived on rue Tronchet when Cerizet employed Antonia -Chocardelle to hoodwink Maxime de Trailles. [A Man of Business. The -Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -HOSTAL (Maurice de l'), born in 1802; living physical portrait of -Byron; nephew and like an adopted son of Abbe Loraux. He became, at -Marais, in rue Payenne, the secretary and afterwards the confidant of -Octave de Bauvan. Was acquainted with Honorine de Bauvan on rue -Saint-Maur-Popincourt and all but fell in love with her. Turned -diplomat, left France, married the Italian, Onorina Pedrotti, and -became head of a family. While consul to Genoa, about 1836, he again -met Octave de Bauvan, then a widower and near his end, who entrusted -his son to him. M. de l'Hostal once entertained Claude Vignon, Leon de -Lora and Felicite des Touches, to whom he related the marital troubles -of the Bauvans. [Honorine.] -</p> -<p> -HOSTAL (Madame Maurice de l'), wife of the preceding, born Onorina -Pedrotti. A beautiful and unusually rich Genoese; slightly jealous of -the consul; perhaps overhead the story of the Bauvans. [Honorine.] -</p> -<p> -HULOT, born in 1766, served under the first Republic and Empire. Took -an active part in the wars and tragedies of the time. Commanded the -Seventy-second demi-brigade, called the Mayencaise, during the Chouan -uprising of 1799. Fought against Montauran. His career as private and -officer had been so filled that his thirty-three years seemed an age. -He went out a great deal. Rubbed elbows with Montcornet; called on -Mme. de la Baudraye. He remained a democrat during the Empire; -nevertheless Bonaparte recognized him. Hulot was made colonel of the -grenadiers of the Guard, Comte de Forzheim and marshal. Retired to his -splendid home on rue du Montparnasse, where he passed his declining -years simply, being deaf, remaining a friend of Cottin de Wissembourg, -and often surrounded by the family of a brother whose misconduct -hastened his end in 1841. Hulot was given a superb funeral. [The -Chouans. The Muse of the Department. Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -HULOT D'ERVY (Baron Hector), born about 1775; brother of the -preceding; took the name of Hulot d'Ervy early in life in order to -make a distinction between himself and his brother to whom he owed the -brilliant beginning of a civil and military career. Hulot d'Ervy -became ordonnance commissary during the Republic. The Empire made him -a baron. During one of these periods he married Adeline Fischer, by -whom he had two children. The succeeding governments, at least that of -July, also favored Hector Hulot, and he became in turn, -intendant-general, director of the War Department, councillor of state, -and grand officer of the Legion of Honor. His private misbehavior dated -from these periods and gathered force while he lived in Paris. Each of -his successive mistresses—Jenny Cadine, Josepha Mirah, Valerie -Marneffe, Olympe Bijou, Elodie Chardin, Atala Judici, Agathe Piquetard -—precipitated his dishonor and ruin. He hid under various names, as -Thoul, Thorec and Vyder, anagrams of Hulot, Hector and d'Ervy. Neither -the persecutions of the money-lender Samanon nor the influence of his -family could reform him. After his wife's death he married, February -1, 1846, Agathe Piquetard, his kitchen-girl and the lowest of his -servants. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -HULOT D'ERVY (Baronne Hector), wife of the preceding; born Adeline -Fischer, about 1790, in the village of Vosges; remarkable for her -beauty; was married for mutual love, despite her inferior birth, and -for some time lived caressed and adored by her husband and venerated -by her brother-in-law. At the end of the Empire probably commenced her -sorrows and the faithlessness of Hector, notwithstanding the two -children born of their union, Victorin and Hortense. Had it not been -for her maternal solicitude the baroness could have condoned the -gradual degradation of her husband. The honor of the name and the -future of her daughter gave her concern. No sacrifice was too great -for her. She vainly offered herself to Celestin Crevel, whom she had -formerly scorned, and underwent the parvenu's insults; she besought -Josepha Mirah's aid, and rescued the baron from Atala Judici. The -closing years of her life were not quite so miserable. She devoted -herself to charitable offices, and lived on rue Louis-le-Grand with -her married children and their reclaimed father. The intervention of -Victorin, and the deaths of the Comte de Forzheim, of Lisbeth Fischer -and of M. and Mme. Crevel, induced comfort and security that was often -menaced. But the conduct of Hector with Agathe Piquetard broke the -thread of Mme. Hulot d'Ervy's life; for some time she had had a -nervous trouble. She died aged about fifty-six. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -HULOT (Victorin), elder child of the foregoing. Married Mlle. -Celestine Crevel and was father of a family. Became under Louis -Philippe one of the leading attorneys of Paris. Was deputy, counsel of -the War Department, consulting counsel of the police service and -counsel for the civil list. His salary for the various offices came to -eighteen thousand francs. He was seated at Palais-Bourbon when the -election of Dorlange-Sallenauve was contested. His connection with the -police enabled him to save his family from the clutches of Mme. -Valerie Crevel. In 1834 he owned a house on rue Louis-le-Grand. Seven -or eight years later he sheltered nearly all the Hulots and their near -kindred, but he could not prevent the second marriage of his father. -[The Member for Arcis. Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -HULOT (Madame Victorin), wife of preceding, born Celestine Crevel; -married as a result of a meeting between her father and her -father-in-law, who were both libertines. She took part in the -dissensions between the two families, replaced Lisbeth Fischer in the -care of the house on rue Louis-le-Grand, and probably never saw the -second Mme. Celestin Crevel, unless at the death-bed of the retired -perfumer. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -HULOT (Hortense). (See Steinbock, Comtesse Wenceslas.) -</p> -<p> -HULOT D'ERVY (Baronne Hector), nee Agathe Piquetard of Isigny, where -she became the second wife of Hector Hulot d'Ervy. Went to Paris as -kitchen-maid for Hulot about December, 1845, and was married to her -master, then a widower, on February 1, 1846. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -HUMANN, celebrated Parisian tailor of 1836 and succeeding years. At -the instance of the students Rabourdin and Juste he clothed the -poverty-stricken Zephirin Marcas "as a politician." [Z. Marcas.] -</p> -<p> -HUSSON (Madame.) (See Mme. Clapart.) -</p> -<p> -HUSSON (Oscar), born about 1804, son of the preceding and of M. Husson -—army-contractor; led a checkered career, explained by his origin and -childhood. He scarcely knew his father, who made and soon lost a -fortune. The previous fast life of his mother, who afterwards married -again, gave rise to or upheld some more or less influential -connections and made her, during the first Empire, the titular <i>femme -de chambre</i> to Madame Mere—Letitia Bonaparte. Napoleon's fall marked -the ruin of the Hussons. Oscar and his mother—now married to M. -Clapart—lived in a modest apartment on rue de la Cerisaie, Paris. -Oscar obtained a license and became clerk in Desroches' law office in -Paris, being coached by Godeschal. During this time he became -acquainted with two young men, his cousins the Marests. One of them -had previously instigated an early escapade of Oscar's, and it was now -followed by one much more serious, on rue de Vendome at the house of -Florentine Cabirolle, who was then maintained by Cardot, Oscar's -wealthy uncle. Husson was forced to abandon law and enter military -service. He was in the cavalry regiment of the Duc de Maufrigneuse and -the Vicomte de Serizy. The interest of the dauphiness and of Abbe -Gaudron obtained for him promotion and a decoration. He became in turn -aide-de-camp to La Fayette, captain, officer of the Legion of Honor -and lieutenant-colonel. A noteworthy deed made him famous on Algerian -territory during the affair of La Macta; Husson lost his left arm in -the vain attempt to save Vicomte de Serizy. Put on half-pay, he -obtained the post of collector for Beaumont-sur-Oise. He then married -—1838—Georgette Pierrotin and met again the accomplices or witnesses -of his earlier escapades—one of the Marests, the Moreaus, etc. [A -Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -HUSSON (Madame Oscar), wife of the preceding; born Georgette -Pierrotin; daughter of the proprietor of the stage-service of Oise. [A -Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -HYDE DE NEUVILLE (Jean-Guillaume, Baron)—1776-1857—belonged to the -Martignac ministry of 1828; was, in 1797, one of the most active -Bourbon agents. Kept civil war aflame in the West, and held a -conference in 1799 with First Consul Bonaparte relative to the -restoration of Louis XVIII. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0012"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - I -</h2> -<p> -IDAMORE, nick-name of Chardin junior while he was <i>claqueur</i> in a -theatre on the Boulevard du Temple, Paris. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -ISEMBERG (Marechal, Duc d'), probably belonged to the Imperial -nobility. He lost at the gaming table, in November, 1809, in a grand -fete given at Paris at Senator Malin de Gondreville's home, while the -Duchesse de Lansac was acting as peacemaker between a youthful married -couple. [Domestic Peace.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0013"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - J -</h2> -<p> -JACMIN (Philoxene), of Honfleur; perhaps cousin of Jean Butscha; maid -to Eleonore de Chaulieu; in love with Germain Bonnet, valet of -Melchior de Canalis. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -JACOMETY, head jailer of the Conciergerie, at Paris, in May, 1830, -during Rubempre's imprisonment. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -JACQUELIN, born in Normandy about 1776; in 1816 was employed by Mlle. -Cormon, an old maid of Alencon. He married when she espoused M. du -Bousquier. After the double marriage Jacquelin remained for some time -in the service of the niece of the Abbe de Sponde. [Jealousies of a -Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -JACQUES, for a considerable period butler of Claire de Beauseant, -following her to Bayeux. Essentially "aristocratic, intelligent and -discreet," he understood the sufferings of his mistress. [Father -Goriot. The Deserted Woman.] -</p> -<p> -JACQUET (Claude-Joseph), a worthy bourgeois of the Restoration; head -of a family, and something of a crank. He performed the duties of a -deputy-mayor in Paris, and also had charge of the archives in the -Department of Foreign Affairs. Was greatly indebted to his friend -Jules Desmarets; so he deciphered for him, about 1820, a code letter -of Gratien Bourignard. When Clemence Desmarets died, Jacquet comforted -the broker in the Saint-Roch church and in the Pere-Lachaise cemetery. -[The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -JACQUINOT, said to have succeeded Cardot as notary at Paris, time of -Louis Philippe [The Middle Classes.]; but since Cardot was succeeded -by Berthier, his son-in-law, a discrepancy is apparent. -</p> -<p> -JACQUOTTE, left the service of a cure for that of Dr. Benassis, whose -house she managed with a devotion and care not unmixed with despotism. -[The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -JAN,* a painter who cared not a fig for glory. About 1838 he covered -with flowers and decorated the door of a bed-chamber in a suite owned -by Crevel on rue du Dauphin, Paris. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<pre> -* Perhaps the fresco-painter, Laurent-Jan, author of "Unrepentant - Misanthropy," and the friend of Balzac, to whom the latter - dedicated his drama, "Vautrin." -</pre> -<p> -JANVIER, priest in a village of Isere in 1829, a "veritable Fenelon -shrunk to a cure's proportions"; knew, understood and assisted -Benassis. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -JAPHET (Baron), celebrated chemist who subjected to hydrofluoric acid, -to chloride of nitrogen, and to the action of the voltaic battery the -mysterious "magic skin" of Raphael de Valentin. To his stupefaction -the savant wrought no change on the tissue. [The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -JEAN, coachman and trusted servant of M. de Merret, at Vendome, in -1816. [La Grande Breteche.] -</p> -<p> -JEAN, landscape gardener and farm-hand for Felix Grandet, enagaged -about November, 1819, in a field on the bank of the Loire, filling -holes left by removed populars and planting other trees. [Eugenie -Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -JEAN, one of the keepers of Pere-Lachaise cemetery in 1820-21; -conducted Desmarets and Jacquet to the tomb of Clemence Bourignard, -who had recently been interred.* [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<pre> -* In 1868, at Paris, MM. Ferdinand Dugue and Peaucellier presented a - play at the Gaite theatre, where one of the chief characters was - Clemence Bourignard-Desmarets. -</pre> -<p> -JEAN, lay brother of an abbey until 1791, when he found a home with -Niseron, cure of Blangy, Burgundy; seldom left Gregoire Rigou, whose -factotum he finally became. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -JEANNETTE, born in 1758; cook for Ragon at Paris in 1818, in rue du -Petit-Lion-Saint-Sulpice; distinguished herself at the Sunday -receptions. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -JEANRENAUD (Madame), a Protestant, widow of a salt bargeman, by whom -she had a son. A stout, ugly and vulgar woman, who recovered, during -the Restoration, a fortune that had been stolen by the Catholic -ancestors of D'Espard and was restored to him despite a suit to -restrain him by injunction. Mme. Jeanrenaud lived at Villeparisis, and -then at Paris, where she dwelt successively on rue de la Vrilliere -—No. 8—and on Grand rue Verte. [The Commission in Lunacy.] -</p> -<p> -JEANRENAUD, son of the preceding, born about 1792. He served as -officer in the Imperial Guard, and, through the influence of -D'Espard-Negrepelisse, became, in 1828, chief of squadron in the First -regiment of the Cuirassiers of the Guard. Charles X. made him a baron. -He then married a niece of Monegod. His beautiful villa on Lake Geneva -is mentioned by Albert Savarus in "L'Ambitieux par Amour," published in -the reign of Louis Philippe. [The Commission in Lunacy. Albert -Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -JENNY was, during the Restoration, maid and confidante of Aquilina de -la Garde; afterwards, but for a very brief time, mistress of -Castanier. [Melmoth Reconciled.] -</p> -<p> -JEROME (Pere), second-hand book-seller on Pont Notre-Dame, Paris, in -1821, at the time when Rubempre was making a start there. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -JEROME, valet successively of Galard and of Albert Savarus at -Besancon. He may have served the Parisian lawyer less sedulously -because of Mariette, a servant at the Wattevilles, whose dowry he was -after. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -JOHNSON (Samuel), assumed name of the police-agent, Peyrade. -</p> -<p> -JOLIVARD, clerk of registry, rue de Normandie, Paris, about the end of -Louis Philippe's reign. He lived on the first floor of the house owned -by Pillerault, attended by the Cibots and tenanted by the Chapoulots, -Pons and Schmucke. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -JONATHAS, valet of M. de Valentin senior; foster-father of Raphael de -Valentin, whose steward he afterwards became when the young man was a -multi-millionaire. He served him faithfully and survived him. [The -Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -JORDY (De) had been successively captain in a regiment of -Royal-Suedois and professor in the Ecole Militaire. He had a refined -nature and a tender heart; was the type of a poor but uncomplaining -gentleman. His soul must have been the scene of sad secrets. Certain -signs led one to believe that he had had children whom he had adored -and lost. M. de Jordy lived modestly and quietly at Nemours. A -similiarity of tastes and character drew him towards Denis Minoret -whose intimate friend he became, and at whose home he conceived a -liking for the doctor's young ward—Mme. Savinien de Portenduere. He -had great influence over her, and left her an income of fourteen -hundred francs when he died in 1823. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -JOSEPH, with Charles and Francois, was of the establishment of -Montcornet at Aigues, Burgundy, about 1823. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -JOSEPH, faithful servant of Rastignac at Paris, under the Restoration. -In 1828 he carried to the Marquise de Listomere a letter written by -his master to Mme. de Nucingen. This error, for which Joseph could -hardly be held responsible, caused the scorn of the marquise when she -discoverd that the missive was intended for another. [The Magic Skin. -A Study of Woman.] -</p> -<p> -JOSEPH, in the service of F. du Tillet, Paris, when his master was -fairly launched in society and received Birotteau in state. [Cesar -Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -JOSEPH, given name of a worthy chimney-builder of rue Saint-Lazare, -Paris, about the end of the reign of Louis Philippe. Of Italian -origin, the head of a family, saved from ruin by Adeline Hulot, who -acted for Mme. de la Chanterie. Joseph was in touch with the scribe, -Vyder, and when he took Mme. Hulot to see the latter she recognized in -him her husband. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -JOSEPHA, (See Mirah, Josepha.) -</p> -<p> -JOSETTE, cook for Claes at Douai; greatly attached to Josephine, -Marguerite and Felicie Claes. Died about the end of the Restoration. -[The Quest of the Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -JOSETTE, old housekeeper for Maitre Mathias of Bordeaux during the -Restoration. She accompanied her master when he bade farewell to Paul -de Manerville the emigrant. [A Marriage Settlement.] -</p> -<p> -JOSETTE, in and previous to 1816 chambermaid of Victoire-Rose Cormon -of Alencon. She married Jacquelin when her mistress married du -Bousquier. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -JUDICI (Atala), born about 1829, of Lombard descent; had a paternal -grandfather, who was a wealthy chimney-builder of Paris during the -first Empire, an employer of Joseph; he died in 1819. Mlle. Judici did -not inherit her grandfather's fortune, for it was run through with by -her father. In 1844 she was given by her mother—so the story goes—to -Hector Hulot for fifteen thousand francs. She then left her family, -who lived on rue de Charonne, and lived on Passage du Soleil. The -pretty Atala was obliged to leave Hulot when his wife found him. Mme. -Hulot promised her a dowry and to wed her to Joseph's oldest son. She -was sometimes called Judix, which is a French corruption of the -Italian name. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -JUDITH. (See Mme. Genestas.) -</p> -<p> -JULIEN, one of the turnkeys of the Conciergerie in 1830, during the -trial of Herrera—Vautrin—and Rubempre. [Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] -</p> -<p> -JULIEN, probably a native of Champagne; a young man in 1839, and in -the service of Sub-Prefect Goulard, in Arcis-sur-Aube. He learned -through Anicette, and revealed to the Beauvisages and Mollots, the -Legitimist plots of the Chateau de Cinq-Cygne, where lived Georges de -Maufrigneuse, Daniel d'Arthez, Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, Diane de -Cadignan and Berthe de Maufrigneuse. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -JULLIARD, head of the firm of Julliard in Paris, about 1806. At the -"Ver Chinois," rue Saint-Denis, he sold silk in bolls. Sylvie Rogron -was assistant saleswoman. Twenty years later he met her again in their -native country of Provins, where he had retired in 1815, the head of a -family grouped about the Guepins and the Guenees, thus forming three -great clans. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -JULLIARD, elder son of the preceding; married the only daughter of a -rich farmer and also conceived a platonic affection at Provins for -Melanie Tiphaine, the most beautiful woman of the official colony -during the Restoration. Julliard followed commerce and literature; he -maintained a stage line, and a journal christened "La Ruche," in which -latter he burned incense to Mme. Tiphaine. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -JUSSIEU (Julien), youthful conscript in the great draft of 1793. Sent -with a note for lodgment to the home of Mme. de Dey at Carentan, where -he was the innocent cause of that woman's sudden death; she was just -then expecting the return of her son, a Royalist hunted by the -Republican troops. [The Conscript.] -</p> -<p> -JUSTE, born in 1811, studied medicine in Paris, and afterwards went to -Asia to practice. In 1836 he lived on rue Corneille with Charles -Rabourdin, when they helped the poverty-stricken Zephirin Marcas. [Z. -Marcas.] -</p> -<p> -JUSTIN, old and experienced valet of the Vidame de Pamiers; was -secretly slain by order of Bourignard because he had discovered the -real name, but carefully concealed, of the father of Mme. Desmarets. -[The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -JUSTINE, was maid to the Comtesse Foedora, in Paris, when her mistress -received calls from M. de Valentin. [The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0014"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - K -</h2> -<p> -KATT, a Flemish woman, the nurse of Lydie de la Peyrade, whom she -attended constantly in Paris on rue des Moineaux about 1829, and -during her mistress' period of insanity on Rue Honore Chevalier in -1840. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -KELLER (Francois), one of the influential and wealthy Parisian -bankers, during a period extending perhaps from 1809 to 1839. As such, -in November, 1809, under the Empire, he was one of the guests at a -fine reception, given by Comte Malin de Gondreville, meeting there -Isemberg, Montcornet, Mesdames de Lansac and de Vandemont, and a mixed -company composed of members of the aristocracy and people illustrious -under the Empire. At this time, moreover, Francois Keller was in the -family of Malin de Gondreville, one of whose daughters he had married. -This marriage, besides making him the brother-in-law of the Marechal -de Carigliano, gave him assurance of the deputyship, which he obtained -in 1816 and held until 1836. The district electors of Arcis-sur-Aube -kept him in the legislature during that long period. Francois Keller -had, by his marriage with Mademoiselle de Gondreville, one son, -Charles, who died before his parents in the spring of 1839. As deputy, -Francois Keller became one of the most noted orators of the Left -Centre. He shone as a member of the opposition, especially from 1819 -to 1825. Adroitly he drew about himself the robe of philanthropy. -Politics never turned his attention from finance. Francois Keller, -seconded by his brother and partner, Adolphe Keller, refused to aid -the needy perfumer, Cesar Birotteau. Between 1821 and 1823 the -creditors of Guillaume Grandet, the bankrupt, unanimously selected him -and M. des Grassins of Saumur as adjusters. Despite his display of -Puritanical virtues, the private career of Francois Keller was not -spotless. In 1825 it was known that he had an illegitimate and costly -liaison with Flavie Colleville. Rallying to the support of the new -monarchy from 1830 to 1836, Francois Keller saw his Philippist zeal -rewarded in 1839. He exchanged his commission at the Palais-Bourbon -for a peerage, and received the title of count. [Domestic Peace. Cesar -Birotteau. Eugenie Grandet. The Government Clerks. The Member for -Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -KELLER (Madame Francois), wife of the preceding; daughter of Malin de -Gondreville; mother of Charles Keller, who died in 1839. Under the -Restoration, she inspired a warm passion in the heart of the son of -the Duchesse de Marigny. [Domestic Peace. The Member for Arcis. The -Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -KELLER, (Charles), born in 1809, son of the preceding couple, grandson -of the Comte de Gondreville, nephew of the Marechale de Carigliano; -his life was prematurely ended in 1839, at a time when a brilliant -future seemed before him. As a major of staff at the side of the -Prince Royal, Ferdinand d'Orleans, he took the field in Algeria. His -bravery urged him on in pursuit of the Emir Abd-el-Kader, and he gave -up his life in the face of the enemy. Becoming viscount as a result of -the knighting of his father, and assured of the favors of the heir -presumptive to the throne, Charles Keller, at the moment when death -surprised him, was on the point of taking his seat in the Lower -Chamber; for the body of electors of the district of Arcis-sur-Aube -were almost sure to elect a man whom the Tuileries desired so -ardently. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -KELLER (Adolphe), brother—probably younger—of Francois and his -partner; a very shrewd man, who was really in charge of the business, -a "regular lynx." On account of his intimate relations with Nucingen -and F. du Tillet, he flatly refused to aid Cesar Birotteau, who -implored his assistance. [The Middle Classes. Pierrette. Cesar -Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -KERGAROUET (Comte de), born about the middle of the eighteenth -century; of the Bretagne nobility; entered the navy, served long and -valiantly upon the sea, commanded the "Belle-Poule," and died a -vice-admiral. Possessor of a great fortune, by his charity he made -amends for the foulness of some of his youthful love affairs (1771 and -following), and at Paris, near the Madeleine, towards the beginning of -the nineteenth century, with much delicacy, he helped the Baronne -Leseigneur de Rouville. A little later, at the age of seventy-two, -having for a long time been a widower and retired from the navy, while -enjoying the hospitality of his relatives, the Fontaines and the -Planat de Baudrys, who lived in the neighborhood of Sceaux, Kergarouet -married his niece, one of the daughters of Fontaine. He died before -her. M. de Kergarouet was also a relative of the Portendueres and did -not forget them. [The Purse. The Ball at Sceaux. Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -KERGAROUET (Comtesse de). (See Vandenesse, Marquise Charles de.) -</p> -<p> -KERGAROUET (Vicomte de), nephew of the Comte de Kergarouet, husband of -a Pen-Hoel, by whom he had four daughters. Evidently lived at Nantes -in 1836. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -KERGAROUET (Vicomtesse de), wife of the preceding, born at Pen-Hoel -in 1789; younger sister of Jacqueline; mother of four girls, very -affected woman and looked upon as such by Felicite des Touches and -Arthur de Rochefide. Lived in Nantes in 1836. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -KERGAROUET (Charlotte de), born in 1821, one of the daughters of the -preceding, grand-niece of the Comte de Kergarouet; of his four nieces -she was the favorite of the wealthy Jacqueline de Pen-Hoel; a -good-hearted little country girl; fell in love with Calyste du Guenic -in 1836, but did not marry him. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -KOLB, an Alsatian, served as "man of all work" at the home of the -Didots in Paris; had served in the cuirassiers. Under the Restoration -he became "printer's devil" in the establishment of David Sechard of -Angouleme, for whom he showed an untiring devotion, and whose servant, -Marion, he married. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -KOLB (Marion), wife of the preceding, with whom she became acquainted -while at the home of David Sechard. She was, at first, in the service -of the Angouleme printer, Jerome-Nicholas Sechard, for whom she had -less praise than for David. Marion Kolb was like her husband in her -constant, childlike devotion. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -KOUSKI, Polish lancer in the French Royal Guards, lived very unhappily -in 1815-16, but enjoyed life better the following year. At that time -he lived at Issoudun in the home of the wealthy Jean-Jacques Rouget, -and served the commandant, Maxence Gilet. The latter became the idol -of the grateful Kouski. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -KROPOLI (Zena), Montenegrin of Zahara, seduced in 1809 by the French -gunner, Auguste Niseron, by whom she had a daughter, Genevieve. One -year later, at Vincennes, France, she died as a result of her -confinement. The necessary marriage papers, which would have rendered -valid the situation of Zena Kropoli, arrived a few days after her -death. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0015"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - L -</h2> -<h3> - LA BASTIE (Monsieur, Madame and Mademoiselle de). (See Mignon.) -</h3> -<p> -LA BASTIE LA BRIERE (Ernest de), member of a good family of Toulouse, -born in 1802; very similar in appearance to Louis XIII.; from 1824 to -1829, private secretary to the minister of finances. On the advice of -Madame d'Espard, and thus being of service to Eleonore de Chaulieu, he -became secretary to Melchior de Canalis and, at the same time, -referendary of the Cour des Comptes. He became a chevalier of the -Legion of Honor. In 1829 he conducted for Canalis a love romance by -correspondence, the heroine of the affair being Marie-Modeste-Mignon -de la Bastie (of Havre). He played this part so successfully that she -fell in love and marriage was agreed upon. This union, which made him -the wealthy Vicomte de la Bastie la Briere, was effected the following -February in 1830. Canalis and the minister of 1824 were witnesses for -Ernest de la Briere, who fully deserved his good fortune. [The -Government Clerks. Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -LA BASTIE LA BRIERE (Madame Ernest de), wife of the preceding, born -Marie-Modeste Mignon about 1809, younger daughter of Charles Mignon de -la Bastie and of Bettina Mignon de la Bastie—born Wallenrod. In 1829, -while living with her family at Havre, with the same love, evoked by a -passion for literature, which Bettina Brentano d'Arnim conceived for -Goethe, she fell in love with Melchior de Canalis; she wrote -frequently to the poet in secret, and he responded through the medium -of Ernest de la Briere; thus there sprang up between the young girl -and the secretary a mutual love which resulted in marriage. The -witnesses for Marie-Modeste Mignon were the Duc d'Herouville and -Doctor Desplein. As one of the most envied women in Parisian circles, -in the time of Louis Philippe, she became the close friend of Mesdames -de l'Estorade and Popinot. [Modeste Mignon. The Member for Arcis. -Cousin Betty.] La Bastie is sometimes written La Batie. -</p> -<p> -LA BAUDRAYE[*] (Jean-Athanase-Polydore Milaud de), born in 1780 in -Berry, descended from the simple family of Milaud, recently enobled. -M. de la Baudraye's father was a good financier of pleasing -disposition; his mother was a Casteran la Tour. He was in poor health, -his weak constitution being the heritage left him by an immoral -father. His father, on dying, also left him a large number of notes to -which were affixed the noble signatures of the emigrated aristocracy. -His avarice aroused, Polydore de la Baudraye occupied himself, at the -time of the Restoration, with collecting these notes; he made frequent -trips to Paris; negotiated with Clement Chardin des Lupeaulx at the -Hotel de Mayence; obtained, under a promise, afterwards executed, to -sell them profitably, some positions and titles, and became -successively auditor of the seals, baron, officer of the Legion of -Honor and master of petitions. The individual receivership of -Sancerre, which became his also, was bought by Gravier. M. de la -Baudraye did not leave Sancerre; he married towards 1823 Mademoiselle -Dinah Piedefer, became a person of large property following his -acquisition to the castle and estate of Anzy, settled this property -with the title upon a natural son of his wife; he so worked upon her -feelings as to get from her the power of attorney and signature, -sailed for America, and became rich through a large patrimony left him -by Silas Piedefer—1836-42. At that time he owned in Paris a stately -mansion, on rue de l'Arcade, and upon winning back his wife, who had -left him, he placed her in it as mistress. He now became count, -commander of the Legion of Honor, and peer of France. Frederic de -Nucingen received him as such and served him as sponsor, when, in the -summer of 1842, the death of Ferdinand d'Orleans necessitated the -presence of M. de la Baudraye at Luxembourg. [The Muse of the -Department.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] The motto on the Baudraye coat-of-arms was: "Deo patet sic fides - et hominibus." -</pre> -<p> -LA BAUDRAYE (Madame Polydore Milaud de), wife of the preceding, born -Dinah Piedefer in 1807 or 1808 in Berry; daughter of the Calvinist, -Moise Piedefer; niece of Silas Piedefer, from whom she inherited a -fortune. She was brilliantly educated at Bourges, in the Chamarolles -boarding-school, with Anna de Fontaine, born Grosstete—1819. Five -years later, through personal ambition, she gave up Protestantism, -that she might gain the protection of the Cardinal-Archbishop of -Bourges, and a short time after her conversion she was married, about -1823. For thirteen consecutive years, at least, Madame de la Baudraye -reigned in the city of Sancerre and in her country-house, Chateau -d'Anzy, at Saint-Satur near by. Her court was composed of a strange -mixture of people: the Abbe Duret and Messieurs Clagny, Gravier, -Gatien Boirouge. At first, only Clagny and Duret know of the literary -attempts of Jan Diaz, pseudonym of Madame de la Baudraye, who had just -bought the artistic furniture of the Rougets of Issoudun, and who -invited and received two "Parisiens de Sancerre," Horace Bianchon and -Etienne Lousteau, in September 1836. A liaison followed with Etienne -Lousteau, with whom Madame de la Baudraye lived on rue des Martyrs in -Paris from 1837 to 1839. As a result of this union she had two sons, -recognized later by M. de la Baudraye. Madame de la Baudraye now -putting into use the talent, neglected during her love affair, became -a writer. She wrote "A Prince of Bohemia," founded on an anecodote -related to her by Raoul Nathan, and probably published this novel. The -fear of endless scandal, the entreaties of husband and mother, and the -unworthiness of Lousteau, finally led Dinah de la Baudraye to rejoin -her husband, who owned an elegant mansion on rue de l'Arcade. This -return, which took place in May, 1842, surprised Madame d'Espard, a -woman who was not easily astonished. Paris of the reign of Louis -Philippe often quoted Dinah de la Baudraye and paid considerable -attention to her. During this same year, 1842, she assisted in the -first presentation of Leon Gozlan's drama, "The Right Hand and the -Left Hand," given at the Odeon. [The Muse of the Department. A Prince -of Bohemia. Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -LA BERGE (De), confessor of Madame de Mortsauf at Clochegourde, strict -and virtuous. He died in 1817, mourned on account of his "apostolic -strength," by his patron, who appointed as his successor the -over-indulgent Francois Birotteau. [The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -LA BERTELLIERE, father of Madame la Gaudiniere, grandfather of Madame -Felix Grandet, was lieutenant in the French Guards; he died in 1806, -leaving a large fortune. He considered investments a "waste of money." -Nearly twenty years later his portrait was still hanging in the hall -of Felix Grandet's house at Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -LA BILLARDIERE (Anthanase-Jean-Francoise-Michel, Baron Flamet de), son -of a counselor in the Parliament of Bretagne, took part in the Vendean -wars as a captain under the name of Nantais, and as negotiator played -a singular part at Quiberon. The Restoration rewarded the services of -this unintelligent member of the petty nobility, whose Catholicism was -more lukewarm than his love of monarchy. He became mayor of the second -district of Paris, and division-chief in the Bureau of Finances, -thanks to his kinship with a deputy on the Right. He was one of the -guests at the famous ball given by his deputy, Cesar Birotteau, whom -he had known for twenty years. On his death-bed, at the close of -December, 1824, he had designated, although without avail, as his -successor, Xavier Rabourdin, one of the division-chiefs and real -director of the bureau of which La Billiardiere was the nominal head. -The newspapers published obituaries of the deceased. The short notice -prepared jointly by Chardin des Lupeaulx, J.-J. Bixiou and F. du -Bruel, enumerated the many titles and decorations of Flamet de la -Billardiere, gentleman of the king's bedchamber, etc., etc. [The -Chouans. Cesar Birotteau. The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -LA BILLARDIERE (Benjamin, Chevalier de), son of the preceding, born in -1802. He was a companion of the young Vicomte de Portenduere in 1824, -being at the time a rich supernumerary in the office of Isidore -Baudoyer under the division of his father, Flamet de la Billardiere. -His insolence and foppishness gave little cause for regret when he -left the Bureau of Finances for the Department of Seals in the latter -part of the same year, 1824, that marked the expected and unlamented -death of Baron Flamet de la Billardiere. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -LA BLOTTIERE (Mademoiselle Merlin de), under the Restoration, a kind -of dowager and canoness at Tours; in company with Mesdames Pauline -Salomon de Villenoix and de Listomere, upheld, received and welcomed -Francois Birotteau. [The Vicar of Tours.] -</p> -<p> -LABRANCHOIR (Comte de), owner of an estate in Dauphine under the -Restoration, and, as such, a victim of the depredations of the -poacher, Butifer. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -LA BRIERE (Ernest de). (See La Bastie la Briere.) -</p> -<p> -LACEPEDE (Comte de), a celebrated naturalist, born at Agen in 1756, -died at Paris in 1825. Grand chancelor of the Legion of Honor for -several years towards the beginning of the nineteenth century. This -well-known philosopher was invited to Cesar Birotteau's celebrated -ball, December 17, 1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -LA CHANTERIE (Le Chantre de), of a Norman family dating from the -crusade of Philippe Auguste, but which had fallen into obscurity by -the end of the eighteenth century; he owned a small fief between Caen -and Saint-Lo. M. le Chantre de la Chanterie had amassed in the -neighborhood of three hundred thousand crowns by supplying the royal -armies during the Hanoverian war. He died during the Revolution, but -before the Terror. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -LA CHANTERIE (Baron Henri Le Chantre de), born in 1763, son of the -preceding, shrewd, handsome and seductive. When master of petitions in -the Grand Council of 1788, he married Mademoiselle Barbe-Philiberte de -Champignelles. Ruined during the Restoration through having lost his -position and thrown away his inheritance, Henri Le Chantre de la -Chanterie became one of the most cruel presidents of the revolutionary -courts and was the terror of Normandie. Imprisoned after the ninth -Thermidor, he owed his escape to his wife, by means of an exchange of -clothing. He did not see her more than three times during eight years, -the last meeting being in 1802, when, having become a bigamist, he -returned to her home to die of a disgraceful disease, leaving, at the -same time, a second wife, likewise ruined. This last fact was not made -public until 1804. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -LA CHANTERIE (Baronne Henri Le Chantre de), wife of the preceding, -born Barbe-Philiberte de Champignelles in 1772, a descendant of one of -the first families of Lower Normandie. Married in 1788, she received -in her home, fourteen years later, the dying man whose name she bore, -a bigamist fleeing from justice. By him she had a daughter, Henriette, -who was executed in 1809 for having been connected with the Chauffeurs -in Orne. Unjustly accused herself, and imprisoned in the frightful -Bicetre of Rouen, the baroness began to instruct in morals the sinful -women among whom she found herself thrown. The fall of the Empire was -her deliverance. Twenty years later, being part owner of a house in -Paris, Madame de la Chanterie undertook the training of Godefroid. She -was then supporting a generous private philanthropic movement, with -the help of Manon Godard and Messieurs de Veze, de Montauran, Mongenod -and Alain. Madame de la Chanterie aided the Bourlacs and the Mergis, -an impoverished family of magistrates who had persecuted her in 1809. -Her Christian works were enlarged upon. In 1843 the baroness became -head of a charitable organization which was striving to consecrate, -according to law and religion, the relations of those living in free -union. To this end she selected one member of the society, Adeline -Hulot d'Ervy, and sent her to Passage du Soleil, then a section of -Petite-Pologne, to try to bring about the marriage of Vyder—Hector -Hulot d'Ervy—and Atala Judici. [The Seamy Side of History. Cousin -Betty.] The Revolution having done away with titles, Madame de la -Chanterie called herself momentarily Madame, or Citizeness, Lechantre. -</p> -<p> -LACROIX, restaurant-keeper on Place du Marche, Issoudun, 1822, in -whose house the Bonapartist officers celebrated the crowning of the -Emperor. On December 2, of the same year, the duel between Philippe -Bridau and Maxence took place after the entertainment. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -LAFERTE (Nicolas). (See Cochegrue, Jean.) -</p> -<p> -LA GARDE (Madame de). (See Aquilina.) -</p> -<p> -LA GAUDINIERE (Madame), born La Bertelliere, mother of Madame Felix -Grandet; very avaricious; died in 1806; leaving the Felix Grandets an -inheritance, "the amount of which no one knew." [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -LAGINSKI (Comte Adam Mitgislas), a wealthy man who had been -proscribed, belonged to one of the oldest and most illustrious -families of Poland, and counted among his relations the Sapiehas, the -Radziwills, the Mniszechs, the Rezwuskis, the Czartoriskis, the -Lecszinskis, and the Lubomirskis. He had relations in the German -nobility and his mother was a Radziwill. Young, plain, yet with a -certain distinguished bearing, with an income of eighty thousand -francs, Laginski was a leading light in Paris, during the reign of -Louis Philippe. After the Revolution of July, while still -unsophisticated, he attended an entertainment at the home of Felicite -des Touches in Chaussee-d'Antin on rue du Mont-Blanc, and had the -opportunity of listening to the delightful chats between Henri de -Marsay and Emile Blondet. Comte Adam Laginski, during the autumn of -1835, married the object of his affections, Mademoiselle Clementine du -Rouvre, niece of the Ronquerolles. The friendship of his steward, Paz, -saved him from the ruin into which his creole-like carelessness, his -frivolity and his recklessness were dragging him. He lived in perfect -contentment with his wife, ignorant of the domestic troubles which -were kept from his notice. Thanks to the devotion of Paz and of Madame -Laginska, he was cured of a malady which had been pronounced fatal by -Doctor Horace Bianchon. Comte Adam Laginski lived on rue de la -Pepiniere, now absorbed in part by rue de la Boetie. He occupied one -of the most palatial and artistic houses of the period, so called, of -Louis Philippe. He attended the celebration given in 1838 at the first -opening of Josepha Mirah's residence on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. In -this same year he attended the wedding of Wenceslas Steinbock. -[Another Study of Woman. The Imaginary Mistress. Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -LAGINSKA (Comtesse Adam), born Clementine du Rouvre in 1816, wife of -the preceding, niece, on her mother's side, of the Marquis de -Ronquerolles and of Madame de Serizy. She was one of the charming -group of young women, which included Mesdames de l'Estorade, de -Portenduere, Marie de Vandenesse, du Guenic and de Maufrigneuse. -Captain Paz was secretly in love with the countess, who, becoming -aware of her steward's affection, ended by having very nearly the same -kind of feeling for him. The unselfish virtue of Paz was all that -saved her; not only at this juncture, but in another more dangerous -one, when he rescued her from M. de la Palferine, who was escorting -her to the Opera ball and who was on the point of taking her to a -private room in a restaurant—January, 1842. [The Imaginary Mistress.] -</p> -<p> -LAGOUNIA (Perez de), woolen-draper at Tarragone in Catalonia, in the -time of Napoleon, under obligations to La Marana. He reared as his own -daughter, in a very pious manner, Juana, a child of the celebrated -Italian courtesan, until her mother visited her, during the time of -the French occupation in 1808. [The Maranas.] -</p> -<p> -LAGOUNIA (Donna de), wife of the preceding, divided with him the care -of Juana Marana until the girl's mother came to Tarragone at the time -it was sacked by the French. [The Maranas.] -</p> -<p> -LA GRAVE (Mesdemoiselles), kept a boarding-house in 1824 on rue -Notre-Dame-des Champs in Paris. In this house M. and Madame Phellion -gave lessons. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -LAGUERRE (Mademoiselle), given name, probably, Sophie, born in 1740, -died in 1815, one of the most celebrated courtesans of the eighteenth -century; opera singer, and fervent follower of Piccini. In 1790, -frightened by the march of public affairs, she established herself at -the Aigues, in Bourgogne, property procured for her by Bouret, from -its former owner. Before Buoret, the grandfather of La Palferine, -entertained her, and she brought about his ruin. The recklessness of -this woman, surrounded as she was by such notorious knaves as -Gaubertin, Fourchon, Tonsard, and Madame Soudry, prepared no little -trouble for Montcornet, the succeeding proprietor. Sophie Laguerre's -fortune was divided among eleven families of poor farmers, all living -in the neighborhood of Amiens, who were ignorant of their relationship -with her. [The Peasantry. A Prince of Bohemia.] M. H. Gourdon de -Genouillac wrote a biography of the singer, containing many details -which are at variance with the facts here cited. Among other things we -are told that the given name of Mademoiselle Laguerre was Josephine -and not Sophie. -</p> -<p> -LA HAYE (Mademoiselle de). (See Petit-Claud, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -LAMARD, probably a rival of Felix Gaudissart. In a cafe in Blois, May, -1831, he praised the well-known commercial traveler, who treated him, -nevertheless, as a "little cricket." [Gaudissart the Great.] -</p> -<p> -LAMBERT (Louis), born in 1797 at Montoire in Loire-et-Cher. Only son -of simple tanners, who did not try to counteract his inclination, -shown when a mere child, for study. He was sent in 1807 to Lefebvre, a -maternal uncle, who was vicar of Mer, a small city on the Loire near -Blois. Under the kindly care of Madame de Stael, he was a student in -the college of Vendome from 1811 to 1814. Lambert met there Barchon de -Penhoen and Jules Dufaure. He was apparently a poor scholar, but -finally developed into a prodigy; he suffered the persecutions of -Father Haugoult, by whose brutal hands his "Treatise on the Will," -composed during class hours, was seized and destroyed. The -mathematician had already doubled his capacity by becoming a -philosopher. His comrades had named him Pythagoras. His course -completed, and his father being dead, Louis Lambert lived for two -years at Blois, with Lefebvre, until, growing desirous of seeing -Madame de Stael, he journeyed to Paris on foot, arriving July 14, -1817. Not finding his illustrious benefactress alive, he returned home -in 1820. During these three years Lambert lived the life of a workman, -became a close friend of Meyraux, and was cherished and admired as a -member of the Cenacle on rue des Quatre-Vents, which was presided over -by Arthez. Once more he went to Blois, journeyed over Touraine, and -became acquainted with Pauline Salomon de Villenoix, whom he loved -with a passion that was reciprocated. He had suffered from brain -trouble previous to their engagement, and as the wedding day -approached the disease grew constantly worse, although occasionally -there were periods of relief. During one of these good periods, in -1822, Lambert met the Cambremers at Croisic, and on the suggestion of -Pauline de Villenoix, he made a study of their history. The malady -returned, but was interrupted occasionally by outburts of beautiful -thought, the fragments of which were collected by Mademoiselle -Salomon. Louis had likewise occasional fits of insanity. He believed -himself powerless and wished, one day, to perform on his own body -Origene's celebrated operation. Lambert died September 25, 1824, the -day before the date selected for his marriage with Pauline. [Louis -Lambert. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Seaside Tragedy.] -</p> -<p> -LAMBERT (Madame), lived in Paris in 1840. She was then at a very pious -age, "played the saint," and performed the duties of housekeeper for -M. Picot, professor of mathematics, No. 9, rue du Val-de-Grace. In the -service of this old philosopher she reaped enormous profits. Madame -Lambert hypocritically took advantage of her apparent devotion to him. -She sought Theodose de la Peyrade, and begged him to write a memorial -to the Academy in her favor, for she longed to receive the reward -offered by Montyon. At the same time she put into La Peyrade's keeping -twenty-five thousand francs, which she had accumulated by her -household thefts. On this occasion, Madame Lambert seems to have been -the secret instrument of Corentin, the famous police-agent. [The -Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -LANGEAIS (Duc de), a refugee during the Restoration, who planned, at -the time of the Terror, by correspondence with the Abbe de Marolles -and the Marquis de Beauseant to help escape from Paris, where they -were in hiding, two nuns, one of whom, Sister Agathe, was a Langeais. -[An Episode Under the Terror.] In 1812 Langeais married Mademoiselle -Antoinette de Navarreins, who was then eighteen years old. He allowed -his wife every liberty, and, neither abandoning any of his habits, nor -giving up any of his pleasures, he lived, indeed, apart from her. In -1818 Langeais commanded a division in the army and occupied a position -at court. He died in 1823. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -LANGEAIS (Duchesse Antoinette de),[*] wife of the preceding, daughter -of the Duc de Navarreins; born in 1794; reared by the Princesse de -Blamont-Chauvry, her aunt; grand-niece of the Vidame de Pamiers; niece -of the Duc de Grandlieu by her marriage. Very beautiful and -intelligent, Madame de Langeais reigned in Paris at the beginning of -the Restoration. In 1819 her best friend was the Vicomtesse Claire de -Beauseant, whom she wounded cruelly, for her own amusement, calling on -her one morning for the express purpose of announcing the marriage of -the Marquis d'Ajuda-Pinto. Of this pitiless proceeding she repented -later, and asked pardon, moreover, of the foresaken woman. Soon -afterwards the Duchesse de Langeais had the pleasure of captivating -the Marquis de Montriveau, playing for him the role of Celimene and -making him suffer greatly. He had his revenge, however, for, scorned -in her turn, or believing herself scorned, she suddenly disappeared -from Paris, after having scandalized the whole Saint-Germain community -by remaining in her carriage for a long time in front of the -Montriveau mansion. Some bare-footed Spanish Carmelites received her -on their island in the Mediterranean, where she became Sister Therese. -After prolonged searching Montriveau found her, and, in the presence -of the mother-superior, had a conversation with her as she stood -behind the grating. Finally he managed to carry her off—dead. In this -bold venture the marquis was aided by eleven of The Thirteen, among -them being Ronquerolles and Marsay. The duchess, having lost her -husband, was free at the time of her death in 1824. [Father Goriot. -The Thirteen.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] At the Vaudeville and Gaite theatres in Paris, Ancelot and Alexis - Decomberousse at the former, and Messieurs Ferdinand Dugue and - Peaucellier at the latter, brought out plays founded on the life - of Antoinette de Langeais, in 1834 and 1868 respectively. -</pre> -<p> -LANGEAIS (Mademoiselle de). (See Agathe, Sister.) -</p> -<p> -LANGLUME, miller, a jolly impulsive little man, in 1823 deputy-mayor -of Blangy in Bourgogne, at the time of the political, territorial and -financial contests of which the country was the theatre, with Rigou -and Montcornet as actors. He was of great service to Genevieve -Niseron's paternal grandfather. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -LANGUET, vicar, built Saint-Sulpice, and was an acquaintance of -Toupillier, who asked alms in 1840 at the doors of this church in -Paris, which since 1860 has been one of the sixth ward parish -churches. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -LANSAC (Duchesse de), of the younger branch of the Parisian house of -Navarreins, 1809, the proud woman who shone under Louis XV. The -Duchesse de Lansac, in November of the same year, consented, one -evening, to meet Isemberg, Montcornet, and Martial de la Roche-Hugon -in Malin de Gondreville's house, for the purpose of conciliating her -nephew and niece in their domestic quarrel. [Domestic Peace.] -</p> -<p> -LANTIMECHE, born in 1770. In 1840, at Paris, a penniless journeyman -locksmith and inventor, he went to the money-lender, Cerizet, on rue -des Poules, to borrow a hundred francs. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -LANTY (Comte de), owner of an expensive mansion near the -Elysee-Bourbon, which he had bought from the Marechal de Carigliano. -He gave there under the Restoration some magnificent entertainments, -at which were present the upper classes of Parisian society, ignorant, -though they were, of the count's lineage. Lanty, who was a mysterious -man, passed for a clever chemist. He had married the rich niece of the -peculiar eunuch, Zambinella, by whom he had two children, Marianina -and Filippo. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -LANTY (Comtesse de), wife of the preceding, born in 1795, niece and -likewise adopted daughter of the wealthy eunuch, Zambinella, was the -mistress of M. de Maucombe, by whom she had a daughter, Marianina de -Lanty. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -LANTY (Marianina de), daughter of the preceding and according to law -of the Comte de Lanty, although she was in reality the daughter of M. -de Maucombe; born in 1809. She bore a striking resemblance to her -sister, Renee de l'Estorade, born Maucombe. In 1825 she concealed, and -lavished care on her great-uncle, Zambinella. During her parents' -sojourn in Rome she took lessons in sculpture of Charles Dorlange, who -afterwards, in 1839, became a member for Arcis, under the name of -Comte de Sallenauve. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -LANTY (Filippo de), younger brother of the preceding, second child of -the Comte and the Comtesse de Lanty. Being young and handsome he was -an attendant at the fetes given by his parents during the Restoration. -By his marriage, which took place under Louis Philippe, he became -allied with the family of a German grand duke. [Sarrasine. The Member -for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -LA PALFERINE -(Gabriel-Jean-Anne-Victor-Benjamin-Georges-Ferdinand-Charles-Edouard-Rusticoli, -Comte de), born in 1802; of an ancient Italian family which had become -impoverished; grandson on the paternal side of one of the protectors -of Josephine-Sophie Laguerre; descended indirectly from the Comtesse -Albany—whence his given name of Charles-Edouard. He had in his veins -the mixed blood of the condottiere and the gentleman. Under Louis -Philippe, idle and fast going to ruin, with his Louis XIII. cast of -countenance, his evil-minded wit, his lofty independent manners, -insolent yet winning, he was a type of the brilliant Bohemian of the -Boulevard de Gand; so much so, that Madame de la Baudraye, basing her -information on points furnished her by Nathan, one day drew a picture -of him, writing a description in which artificiality and artlessness -were combined. In this were many interesting touches: La Palferine's -contempt shown at all times for the bourgeois class and forms of -government; the request for the return of his toothbrush, then in the -possession of a deserted mistress, Antonia Chocardelle; his relations -with Madame du Bruel, whom he laid siege to, won, and neglected—a -yielding puppet, of whom, strange to say, he broke the heart and made -the fortune. He lived at that time in the Roule addition, in a plain -garret, where he was in the habit of receiving Zephirin Marcas. The -wretchedness of his quarters did not keep La Palferine out of the -best society, and he was the guest of Josepha Mirah at the first -entertainment given in her house on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. By a -strange order of events, Comte Rusticoli became Beatrix de Rochefide's -lover, a few years after the events just narrated, at a time when -the Debats published a novel by him which was spoken of far and wide. -Nathan laid the foundation for this affair. Trailles, -Charles-Edouard's master, carried on the negotiations and brought the -intrigue to a consummation, being urged on by the Abbe Brossette's -assent and the Duchesse de Grandlieu's request. La Palferine's -liaison with Madame de Rochefide effected a reconciliation between -Calyste du Guenic and his wife. In the course of time, however, -Comte Rusticoli deserted Beatrix and sent her back to her husband, -Arthur de Rochefide. During the winter of 1842 La Palferine was -attracted to Madame de Laginska, had some meetings with her, but -failed in this affair through the intervention of Thaddee Paz. [A -Prince of Bohemia. A Man of Business. Cousin Betty. Beatrix. The -Imaginary Mistress.] -</p> -<p> -LA PEYRADE (Charles-Marie-Theodose de), born near Avignon in 1813, one -of eleven children of the police-agent Peyrade's youngest brother, who -lived in poverty on a small estate called Canquoelle; a bold -Southerner of fair skin; given to reflection; ambitious, tactful and -astute. In 1829 he left the department of Vaucluse and went to Paris -on foot in search of Peyrade who, he had reason to believe, was -wealthy, but of whose business he was ignorant. Theodose departed -through the Barriere d'Enfer, which has been destroyed since 1860, at -the moment when Jacques Collin murdered his uncle. At that time he -entered a house of ill-fame, where he had unwittingly for mistress -Lydie Peyrade, his full-blooded cousin. Theodose then lived for three -years on a hundred louis which Corentin had secretly given to him. On -giving him the money, the national chief of police quietly advised him -to become an attorney. Journalism, however, at first, seemed a -tempting career to M. de la Peyrade, and he went into politics, -finally becoming editor of a paper managed by Cerizet. The failure of -this journal left Theodose once more very poor. Nevertheless, through -Corentin, who secretly paid the expenses of his studies, he was able -to begin and continue a course in law. Once licensed, M. de la Peyrade -became a barrister and professing to be entirely converted to -Socialism, he freely pleaded the cause of the poor before the -magistrate of the eleventh or twelfth district. He occupied the third -story of the Thuillier house on rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer. He fell -into the hands of Dutocq and Cerizet and suffered under the pressure -of these grasping creditors. Theodose now decided that he would marry -M. Thuillier's natural daughter, Mademoiselle Celeste Colleville, but, -with Felix Phellion's love to contend with, despite the combined -support, gained with difficulty, of Madame Colleville and of M. and -Mademoiselle Thuillier, he failed through Corentin's circumvention. -His marriage with Lydie Peyrade repaired the wrong which he had -formerly done unwittingly. As successor to Corentin he became national -chief-of-police in 1840. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Middle -Classes.] -</p> -<p> -LA PEYRADE (Madame de), first cousin and wife of the preceding, born -Lydie Peyrade in 1810, natural daughter of the police officer Peyrade -and of Mademoiselle Beaumesnil; passed her childhood successively in -Holland and in Paris, on rue des Moineaux, whence, Jacques Collin, -thirsting for revenge, abducted her during the Restoration. Being -somewhat in love, at that time, with Lucien de Rubempre she was taken -to a house of ill-fame, Peyrade being at the time very ill. Upon her -departure she was insane. Her own cousin, Theodose de la Peyrade, had -been her lover there, fortuitously and without dreaming that they were -blood relatives. Corentin adopted this insane girl, who was a talented -musician and singer, and at his home on rue Honore-Chevalier, in 1840, -he arranged for both the cure and the marriage of his ward. [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life. The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -LA POURAILLE, usual surname of Dannepont. -</p> -<p> -LARAVINIERE, tavern-keeper in Western France, lodged "brigands" who -had armed themselves as Royalists under the first Empire. He was -condemned, either by Bourlac or Mergi, to five years in prison. [The -Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -LARDOT (Madame), born in 1771, lived in Alencon in 1816 on rue du -Cours—a street still bearing the same name. She was a laundress, and -took as boarders a relative named Grevin and the Chevalier de Valois. -She had among her employes Cesarine and Suzanne, afterwards Madame -Theodore Gaillard. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -LAROCHE, born in 1763 at Blangy in Bourgogne, was, in 1823, an aged -vine-dresser, who felt a calm, relentless hatred for the rich, -especially the Montcornets, occupants of Aigues. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -LA ROCHE (Sebastien de), born early in the nineteenth century, was -probably the son of an unpretentious, retired Treasury clerk. In -December, 1824, he found himself in Paris, poor, but capable and -zealous, as a supernumerary in the office of Xavier Rabourdin of the -Department of Finance. He lived with his widowed mother in the busiest -part of Marais on rue du Roi-Dore. M. and Madame Rabourdin received -and gave him assistance by preparing a copy of a rare and mysterious -government work. The discovery of this book by Dutocq unfortunately -resulted in the discharge of both chief and clerk. [The Government -Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -LA ROCHE-GUYON (De), the eldest of one of the oldest families in the -section of Orne, at one time connected with the Esgrignons, who -visited them frequently. In 1805 he sued vainly, through Maitre -Chesnel, for the hand of Armande d'Esgrignon. [Jealousies of a Country -Town.] -</p> -<p> -LA ROCHE-HUGON (Martial de), shrewd, turbulent and daring Southerner, -had a long and brilliant administrative career in politics. Even in -1809 the Council of State employed him as one of the masters of -petitions. Napoleon Bonaparte was patron of this young Provencal. -Also, in November of the same year, Martial was invited to the fete -given by Malin de Gondreville—a celebration which the Emperor was -vainly expected to attend. Montcornet was present, also the Duchesse -de Lansac, who succeeded in bringing about a reconciliation between -her nephew and niece, M. and Madame de Soulanges. M. de la -Roche-Hugon's mistress, Madame de Vaudremont, was also in attendance -at this ball. For five years he had enjoyed a close friendship with -Montcornet, and this bond was lasting. In 1815 the securing of Aigues -for Montcornet was undertaken by Martial, who had served as prefect -under the Empire, and retained his office under the Bourbons. Thus -from 1821 to 1823 M. de la Roche-Hugon was at the head of the -department in Bourgogne, which contained Aigues and Ville-aux-Fayes, -M. des Lupeaulx's sub-prefecture. A dismissal from this office, to -which the Comte de Casteran succeeded, threw Martial into the -opposition among the Liberalists, but this was for a short time, as he -soon accepted an embassy. Louis Philippe's government honored M. de la -Roche-Hugon by making him minister, ambassador, and counselor of -state. Eugene de Rastignac, who had favored him before, now gave him -one of his sisters in marriage. Several children resulted from this -union. Martial continued to remain influential and associated with the -popular idols of the time, M. and Madame de l'Estorade. His relations -with the national chief of police, Corentin, in 1840, were also -indicative of his standing. As a deputy the next year M. de la -Roche-Hugon probably filled the directorship in the War Department, -left vacant by Hector Hulot. [Domestic Peace. The Peasantry. A -Daughter of Eve. The Member for Arcis. The Middle Classes. Cousin -Betty.] -</p> -<p> -LA ROCHE-HUGON (Madame Martial de). (See Rastignac, Mesdemoiselles -de.) -</p> -<p> -LA RODIERE (Stephanie de). (See Nueil, Madame Gaston de.) -</p> -<p> -LA ROULIE (Jacquin), chief huntsman of the Prince de Cadignan, took -part with his master, in 1829, in the exciting hunt given in -Normandie, in which as spectators or riders were the Mignons de la -Bastie, the Maufrigneuses, the Herouvilles, M. de Canalis, Eleonore de -Chaulieu and Ernest de la Briere. Jacquin la Roulie was at that time -an old man and a firm believer in the French school; he had an -argument with John Barry, another guest, who defended English -principles. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -LARSONNIERE (M. and Madame de), formed the aristocracy of the little -city of Saumur, of which Felix Grandet had been mayor in the years -just previous to the First Empire. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -LA THAUMASSIERE (De), grandson of the Berry historian, a young -land-owner, the dandy of Sancerre. While present in Madame de la -Baudraye's parlor, he had the misfortune to yawn during an exposition -which she was giving, for the fourth time, of Kant's philosophy; he -was henceforth looked upon as a man completely lacking in -understanding and in soul. [The Muse of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -LATOURNELLE (Simon-Babylas), born in 1777, was notary at Havre, where -he had bought the most extensive practice for one hundred thousand -francs, lent him in 1817 by Charles Mignon de la Bastie. He married -Mademoiselle Agnes Labrosse, having by her one son, Exupere. He -remained the intimate friend of his benefactors, the Mignons. [Modeste -Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -LATOURNELLE (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Agnes Labrosse, -daughter to the clerk of the court of first instance at Havre. Tall -and ungainly of figure, a bourgeoise of rather ancient tastes, at the -same time good-hearted, she had somewhat late in life, by her -marriage, a son whose given name was Exupere. She entertained Jean -Butscha. Madame Latournelle was a frequent visitor of the Mignons de -la Bastie, and at all times testified her affection for them. [Modeste -Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -LATOURNELLE (Exupere), son of the preceding couple, went with them to -visit the Mignons de la Bastie, towards the end of the Restoration. He -was then a tall, insignificant young man. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -LAUDIGEOIS, married, head of a family, typical petty bourgeois, -employed during the Restoration by the mayor of the eleventh or -twelfth ward in Paris, a position from which he was unjustly expelled -by Colleville in 1840. In 1824 an intimate neighbor of the Phellions, -and exactly like them in morals, he attended their informal card-party -on Thursday evening. Laudigeois, introduced by the Phellions, finally -became a close friend of the Thuilliers, during the reign of Louis -Philippe. His civil statistical record should be corrected, as his -name in several of the papers is spelled Leudigeois. [The Government -Clerks. The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -LAURE, given name of a sweet and charming young peasant girl, who took -Servin's course in painting at Paris in 1815. She protected Ginevra di -Piombo, an affectionate friend, who was her elder. [The Vendetta.] -</p> -<p> -LAURENT, a Savoyard, Antoine's nephew; husband of an expert laundress -of laces, mender of cashmeres, etc. In 1824 he lived with them and -their relative, Gabriel, in Paris. In the evening he was door-keeper -in a subsidized theatre; in the daytime he was usher in the Bureau of -Finance. In this position Laurent was first to learn of the worldly -and official success attained by Celestine Rabourdin, when she -attempted to have Xavier appointed successor to Flamet de la -Billardiere. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -LAURENT, Paris, 1815, M. Henri de Marsay's servant, equal to the -Frontins of the old regime; was able to obtain for his master, through -the mail-carrier, Moinot, the address of Paquita Valdes and other -information about her. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -LAVIENNE, Jean-Jules Popinot's servant in Paris, rue du Fouarre, 1828; -"made on purpose for his master," whom he aided in his active -philanthropy by redeeming and renewing pledges given to the -pawnbrokers. He took the place of his master in Palais de Justice -during the latter's absence. [The Commission in Lunacy.] -</p> -<p> -LAVRILLE, famous naturalist, employed in the Jardin des Plantes, and -dwelling on rue de Buffon, Paris, 1831. Consulted as to the shagreen, -the enlargement of which was so passionately desired by Raphael de -Valentin, Lavrille could do nothing more than talk on the subject and -sent the young man to Planchette, the professor of mechanics. -Lavrille, "the grand mogul of zoology," reduced science to a catalogue -of names. He was then preparing a monograph on the duck family. [The -Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -LEBAS (Joseph), born in 1779, a penniless orphan, he was assisted and -employed in Paris, first by the Guillaumes, cloth-merchants on rue -Saint-Denis, at the Cat and Racket. Under the First Empire he married -Virginie,[*] the elder of his employer's daughters, although he was in -love with the younger, Mademoiselle Augustine. He succeeded the -Guilliaumes in business. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] During -the first years of the Restoration he presided over the Tribunal of -Commerce. Joseph Lebas, who was intimate with M. and Madame Birotteau, -attended their ball with his wife. He also strove for Cesar's -rehabilitation. [Cesar Birotteau.] During the reign of Louis Philippe, -having for an intimate friend Celestin Crevel, he retired from -business and lived at Corbeil. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<pre> -* The names of Virginie and Augustine are confused in the original - text. -</pre> -<p> -LEBAS (Madame Joseph), wife of the preceding, born Virginie Guillaume -in 1784, elder of Guillaume's daughters, lived at the Cat and Racket; -the counterpart, physically and morally, of her mother. Under the -First Empire, at the parish church of Saint-Leu, Paris, her marriage -took place on the same day that her younger sister, Augustine de -Sommervieux, was wedded. The love which she felt for her husband was -not reciprocated. She viewed with indifference her sister's -misfortunes, became intimate in turn with the Birotteaus and the -Crevels; and, having retired from business, spent her last days in the -middle of Louis Philippe's reign at Corbeil. [At the Sign of the Cat -and Racket. Cesar Birotteau. Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -LEBAS, probably a son of the preceding. In 1836 first assistant of the -king's solicitor at Sancerre; two years later counselor to the court -of Paris. In 1838 he would have married Hortense Hulot if Crevel had -not prevented the match. [The Muse of the Department. Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -LEBOEUF, for a long time connected with the prosecuting attorney at -Nantes, being president of the court there in the latter part of Louis -Philippe's reign. He was well acquainted with the Camusot de -Marvilles, and knew Maitre Fraisier, who claimed his acquaintance in -1845. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -LEBRUN, sub-lieutenant, then captain in the Seventy-second -demi-brigade, commanded by Hulot during the war against the Chouans -in 1799. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -LEBRUN, division-chief in the War Department in 1838. Marneffe was one -of his employes. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -LEBRUN, protege, friend and disciple of Doctor Bouvard. Being a -physician at the prison in May, 1830, he was called upon to establish -the death of Lucien de Rubempre. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] In -1845 Lebrun was chief physician of the Parisian boulevard theatre, -managed by Felix Gaudissart. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -LECAMUS (Baron de Tresnes), counselor to the royal court of Paris, -lived, in 1816, rue Chanoinesse, with Madame de la Chanterie. Known -there by the name of Joseph, he was a Brother of Consolation in -company with Montauran, Alain, Abbe de Veze and Godefroid. [The Seamy -Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -LECHESNEAU, through the influence of Cambaceres and Bonaparte, -appointed attorney-general in Italy, but as a result of his many -disreputable love-affairs, despite his real capacity for -office-holding, he was forced to give up his position. Between the -end of the Republic and the beginning of the Empire he became head -of the grand jury at Troyes. Lechesneau, who had been repeatedly -bribed by Senator Malin, had to occupy himself in 1806 with the -Hauteserre-Simeuse-Michu affair. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -LECLERQ, native of Bourgogne, commissioner for the vinters in the -department to which Ville-aux-Fayes, a sub-prefecture of this same -province, belonged. He was of service to Gaubertin, Madame Soudry, -also Rigon, perhaps, and was in turn under obligations to them. Having -arranged a partnership he founded the house of "Leclerq & Company," on -Quai de Bethune, Ile Saint-Louis, Paris, in competition with the -well-known house of Grandet. In 1815 Leclerq married Jenny Gaubertin. -As a banker he dealt in wine commissions, and became regent of the -National Bank. During the Restoration he represented as deputy on the -Left Centre the district of Ville-aux-Fayes, and not far from the -sub-prefecture, in 1823, bought a large estate, which brought thirty -thousand francs rental. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -LECLERQ (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Jenny Gaubertin, eldest -daughter of Gaubertin, steward of Aigues in Bourgogne, received two -hundred thousand francs as dowry. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -LECLERQ, brother-in-law of the preceding, during the Restoration was -special collector at Ville-aux-Fayes, Bourgogne, and joined the other -members of his family in worrying, more or less, the Comte de -Montcornet. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -LECOCQ, a trader, whose failure was very cleverly foretold by -Guillaume at the Cat and Racket. This failure was Guillaume's Battle -of Marengo. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] -</p> -<p> -LEFEBVRE, Louis Lambert's uncle, was successively oratorian, sworn -priest and cure of Mer, a small city near Blois. Had a delightful -disposition and a heart of rare tenderness. He exercised a watchful -care over the childhood and youth of his remarkable nephew. The Abbe -Lefebvre later on lived at Blois, the Restoration having caused him to -lose his position. In 1822, under form of a letter sent from Croisic, -he was the first to receive information concerning the Cambremers. The -next year, having become much older in appearance, while riding in a -stage-coach he told of the frightful state of suffering, sometimes -mingled with remarkable displays of intellect, which preceded the -death of Louis Lambert. [Louis Lambert. A Seaside Tragedy.] -</p> -<p> -LEFEBVRE (Robert), well-known French painter of the First Empire. In -1806, at the expense of Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, he painted Michu's -portrait. [The Gondreville Mystery.] Among the many paintings executed -by Robert Lefebvre is a portrait of Hulot d'Ervy dressed in the -uniform of chief commissary of the Imperial Guard. This is dated 1810. -[Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -LEGANES (Marquis de), Spanish grandee, married, father of two -daughters, Clara and Mariquita, and of three sons, Juanito, Philippe -and Manuel. He manifested a spirit of patriotism in the war carried on -against the French during the Empire and died then under the most -tragic circumstances, in which Mariquita was an unwilling abettor. The -Marquis de Leganes died by the hand of his eldest son, who had been -condemned to be his executioner. [El Verdugo.] -</p> -<p> -LEGANES (Marquise de), wife of the preceding and condemned to die with -the other members of the family by the hand of her eldest son. She -spared him the necessity of doing this terrible deed of war by -committing suicide. [El Verdugo.] -</p> -<p> -LEGANES (Clara de), daughter of the preceding couple; also shared the -condemnation of the Marquis de Leganes and died by the hand of -Juanito. [El Verdugo.] -</p> -<p> -LEGANES (Mariquita de), sister of the preceding, had rescued Major -Victor Marchand of the French infantry from danger in 1808. In -testimony of his gratitude he was able to obtain pardon for one member -of the Leganes family, but with the horribly cruel provision that the -one spared should become executioner of the rest of the family. [El -Verdugo.] -</p> -<p> -LEGANES (Juanito de), brother of the last-named, born in 1778. Small -and of poor physique, of gentlemanly manners, yet proud and scornful, -he was gifted with that delicacy of feeling which in olden times -caused Spanish gallantry to be so well known. Upon the earnest request -of his proud-spirited family he consented to execute his father, his -two sisters and his two brothers. Juanito only was saved from death, -that his family might not become extinct. [El Verdugo.] -</p> -<p> -LEGANES (Philippe de), younger brother of the preceding, born in 1788, -a noble Spaniard condemned to death; executed by his elder brother in -1808, during the war waged against the French. [El Verdugo.] -</p> -<p> -LEGANES (Manuel de), born in 1800, youngest of the five Leganes -children, suffered, in 1808, during the war waged by the French in -Spain, the fate of his father, the marquis, and of his elder brother -and sisters. The youngest scion of this noble family died by the hand -of Juanito de Leganes. [El Verdugo.] -</p> -<p> -LEGER, extensive farmer of Beaumont-sur-Oise, married daughter of -Reybert, Moreau's successor as exciseman of the Presles estate, -belonging to the Comte de Serizy; had by his wife a daughter who -became, in 1838, Madame Joseph Bridau. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -LEGRELU, a bald-headed man, tall and good-looking; in 1840 became a -vintner in Paris on rue des Canettes, corner of rue Guisarde. -Toupillier, Madame Cardinal's uncle, the "pauper of Saint-Sulpice," -was his customer. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -LELEWEL, a nineteenth century revolutionist, head of the Polish -Republican party in Paris in 1835. One of his friends was Doctor Moise -Halpersohn. [The Imaginary Mistress. The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -LEMARCHAND. (See Tours, Minieres des.) -</p> -<p> -LEMIRE, professor of drawing in the Imperial Lyceum, Paris, in 1812; -foresaw the talent of Joseph Bridau, one of his pupils, for painting, -and threw the future artist's mother into consternation by telling her -of this fact. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -LEMPEREUR, in 1819, Chaussee-d'Antin, Paris, clerk to Charles -Claparon, at that time "straw-man" of Tillet, Roguin & Company. [Cesar -Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -LEMPRUN, born in 1745, son-in-law of Galard, market-gardener of -Auteuil. Employed, in turn, in the houses of Thelusson and of Keller -in Paris, he was probably the first messenger in the service of the -Bank of France, having entered that establishment when it was founded. -He met Mademoiselle Brigitte Thuillier during this period of his life, -and in 1814 gave Celeste, his only daughter, in marriage to Brigitte's -brother, Louis-Jerome Thuillier. M. Lemprun died the year following. -[The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -LEMPRUN (Madame), wife of the preceding, daughter of Galard, the -market-gardener of Auteuil, mother of one child—Madame Celeste -Thuillier. She lived in the village of Auteuil from 1815 until the -time of her death in 1829. She reared Celeste Phellion, daughter of -L.-J. Thuillier and of Madame de Colleville. Madame Lemprun left a -small fortune inherited from her father, M. Galard, which was -administered by Brigitte Thuillier. This Lemprun estate consisted of -twenty thousand francs, saved by the strictest economy, and of a house -which was sold for twenty-eight thousand francs. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -LEMULQUINIER, a native of Flanders, owed his name to the linen-yarn -dealers of that province, who are called <i>mulquiniers</i>. He lived in -Douai, was the valet of Balthazar Claes, and encouraged and aided his -master in his foolish investigations, despite the extreme coldness of -his own nature and the opposition of Josette, Martha, and the women of -the Claes family. Lemulquinier even went so far as to give all his -personal property to M. Claes. [The Quest of the Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -LENONCOURT (De), born in 1708, marshal of France, marquis at first, -then duke, was the friend of Victor-Amedee de Verneuil, and adopted -Marie de Verneuil, the acknowledged natural daughter of his old -comrade, when the latter died. Suspected unjustly of being this young -girl's lover, the septuagenarian refused to marry her, and leaving her -behind he changed his place of residence to Coblentz. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -LENONCOURT (Duc de), father of Madame de Mortsauf. The early part of -the Restoration was the brilliant period of his career. He obtained a -peerage, owned a house in Paris on rue Saint-Dominique-Saint-Germain, -looked after Birotteau and found him a situation just after his -failure. Lenoncourt played for the favor of Louis XVIII., was first -gentleman in the king's chamber, and welcomed Victurnien d'Esgrignon, -with whom he had some relationship. The Duc de Lenoncourt was, in -1835, visiting the Princesse de Cadignan, when Marsay explained the -reasons the political order had for the mysterious kidnapping of -Gondreville. Three years later he died a very old man. [The Lily of -the Valley. Cesar Birotteau. Jealousies of a Country Town. The -Gondreville Mystery. Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -LENONCOURT (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, born in 1758, of a -cold, severe, insincere, ambitious nature, was almost always unkind to -her daughter, Madame de Mortsauf. [The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -LENONCOURT-GIVRY (Duc de), youngest son of M. and Madame de Chaulieu, -at first followed a military career. Titles and names in abundance -came to him. In 1827 he married Madeleine de Mortsauf, the only heir -of her parents. [Letters of Two Brides.] The Duc de Lenoncourt-Givry -was a man of some importance in the Paris of Louis Philippe and was -invited to the festival at the opening of Josepha Mirah's new house, -rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. [Cousin Betty.] The year following attention -was still turned towards him indirectly, when Sallenauve was -contending in defence of the duke's brother-in-law. [The Member for -Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -LENONCOURT-GIVRY (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, bore the first -name of Madeleine. Madame de Lenoncourt-Givry was one of two children -of the Comte and Comtesse de Mortsauf. She lived almost alone in her -family, having lost at an early age her mother, then her brother -Jacques. While passing her girlhood in Touraine, she met Felix de -Vandenesse, from whom she knew how to keep aloof on becoming an -orphan. Her inheritance of names, titles and wealth brought about her -marriage with the youngest son of M. and Madame de Chaulieu in 1827, -and established for her a friendship with the Grandlieus, whose -daughter, Clotilde, accompanied her to Italy about 1830. During the -first day of their journey the arrest of Lucien Chardon de Rubempre -took place under their eyes near Bouron, Seine-et-Marne. [The Lily of -the Valley. Letters of Two Brides. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -LENORMAND was court registrar at Paris during the Restoration, and did -Comte Octave de Bauvan a service by passing himself off as owner of a -house on rue Saint-Maur, which belonged in reality to the count and -where the wife of that high magistrate lived, at that time being -separated from her husband. [Honorine.] -</p> -<p> -LEOPOLD, a character in "L'Ambitieux par Amour," a novel by Albert -Savarus, was Maitre Leopold Hannequin. The author pictured him as -having a strong passion—imaginary or true—for the mother of -Rodolphe, the hero of this autobiographical novel, published by the -"Revue de l'Est" under the reign of Louis Philippe. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -LEPAS (Madame de), for a long time keeper of a tavern at Vendome, of -Flemish physique; acquainted with M. and Madame de Merret, and -furnished information about them to Doctor Horace Bianchon; Comte -Bagos de Feredia, who died so tragically, having been a lodger in her -house. She was also interviewed by the author, who, under the name of -Valentine, gave on the stage of the Gymnase-Dramatique the story of -the incontinence and punishment of Josephine de Merret. This Vendome -tavern-keeper pretended also to have lodged some princesses, M. -Decazes, General Bertrand, the King of Spain, and the Duc and Duchesse -of d'Abrantes. [La Grande Bretche.] -</p> -<p> -LEPITRE, strong Royalist, had some relations with M. de Vandenesse, -when they wished to rescue Marie-Antoinette from the Temple. Later, -under the Empire, having become head of an academy, in the old Joyeuse -house, Quartier Saint-Antoine, Paris, Lepitre counted among his pupils -a son of M. de Vandenesse, Felix. Lepitre was fat, like Louis XVIII., -and club-footed. [The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -LEPITRE (Madame), wife of the preceding, reared Felix de Vandenesse. -[The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -LEPRINCE (Monsieur and Madame). M. Leprince was a Parisian auctioneer -towards the end of the Empire and at the beginning of the Restoration. -He finally sold his business at a great profit; but being injured by -one of Nucingen's failures, he lost in some speculations on the Bourse -some of the profits that he had realized. He was the father-in-law of -Xavier Rabourdin, whose fortune he risked in these dangerous -speculations, that his son-in-law's domestic comfort might be -increased. Crushed by misfortune he died under Louis XVIII., leaving -some rare paintings which beautified the parlor of his children's home -on rue Duphot. Madame Leprince, who died before the bankrupt -auctioneer, a distinguished woman and a natural artist, worshiped and, -consequently, spoiled her only child, Celestine, who became Madame -Xavier Rabourdin. She communicated to her daughter some of her own -tastes, and thoughtlessly, perhaps, developed in her a love of luxury, -intelligent and refined. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -LEROI (Pierre), called also Marche-a-terre, a Fougeres Chouan, who -played an important part during the civil war of 1799 in Bretagne, -where he gave evidence of courage and heartlessness. He survived the -tragedy of this period, for he was seen on the Place d'Alencon in 1809 -when Cibot—Pille-Miche—was tried at the bar as a chauffeur and -attempted to escape. In 1827, nearly twenty years later, this same -Pierre Leroi was known as a peaceable cattle-trader in the markets of -his province. [The Chouans. The Seamy Side of History. Jealousies of a -Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -LEROI (Madame), mother of the preceding, being ill, was cured on -coming to Fougeres to pray under the oak of the Patte-d'Oie. This tree -was decorated with a beautiful wooden image of the Virgin, placed -there in memory of Sainte-Anne d'Auray's appearance in this place. -[The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -LESEIGNEUR DE ROUVILLE (Baronne), pensionless widow of a sea-captain -who had died at Batavia, under the Republic, during a prolonged -engagement with an English vessel; mother of Madame Hippolyte -Schinner. Early in the nineteenth century she lived at Paris with her -unmarried daughter, Adelaide. On the fourth story of a house belonging -to Molineux, on rue de Surene, near the Madeleine, Madame Leseigneur -occupied unadorned and gloomy apartments. There she frequently -received Hippolyte Schinner, Messieurs du Halga and de Kergarouet. She -received from two of these friends many delicate marks of sympathy, -despite the gossip of the neighbors who were astonished that Madame de -Rouville and her daughter should have different names, and shocked by -their very suspicious behavior. The manner in which Mesdames -Leseigneur recognized the good offices of Schinner led to his marriage -with Mademoiselle de Rouville. [The Purse.] -</p> -<p> -LESEIGNEUR (Adelaide). (See Schinner, Madame Hippolyte.) -</p> -<p> -LESOURD, married the eldest daughter of Madame Guenic of Provins, and -toward the end of the Restoration presided over the justice court of -that city, of which he had first been king's attorney. In 1828 he was -able, indeed, to defend Pierrette Lorrain, thus showing his opposition -to the local Liberalist leaders, represented by Rogron, Vinet and -Gourand. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -LESOURD (Madame), wife of the preceding and eldest daughter of Madame -Guenee; for a long time called in Provins, "the little Madame -Lesourd." [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -LEVEILLE (Jean-Francois), notary in Alencon, inflexible correspondent -of the Royalists of Normandie under the Empire. He issued arms to -them, received the surname of Confesseur, and, in 1809, was put to -death with others as the result of a judgment rendered by Bourlac. -[The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -LEVRAULT, enriched by the iron industry in Paris, died in 1813; former -owner of the house in Nemours which came into the possession finally -of Doctor Minoret, who lived there in 1815. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -LEVRAULT-CREMIERE, related to the preceding, an old miller, who became -a Royalist under the Restoration; he was mayor of Nemours from 1829 to -1830, and was replaced after the Revolution of July by the notary, -Cremiere-Dionis. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -LEVRAULT-LEVRAULT, eldest son, thus named to distinguish him from his -numerous relatives of the same name; he was a butcher in Nemours in -1829, when Ursule Mirouet was undergoing persecution. [Ursule -Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -LIAUTARD (Abbe), in the first years of the nineteenth century was at -the head of an institution of learning in Paris; had among his pupils -Godefroid, Madame de la Chanterie's lodger in 1836 and future Brother -of Consolation. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -LINA (Duc de), an Italian, at Milan early in the century, one of the -lovers of La Marana, the mother of Madame Diard. [The Miranas.] -</p> -<p> -LINET (Jean-Baptiste-Robert, called Robert), member of the Legislature -and of the Convention, born at Bernay in 1743, died at Paris in 1825; -minister of finance under the Republic, weakened Antoine and the -Poiret brothers by giving them severe work, although twenty-five years -later they were still laboring in the Treasury. [The Government -Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -LISIEUX (Francois), called the Grand-Fils (grandson), a rebel of the -department of Mayenne; chauffeur under the First Empire and connected -with the Royalist insurrection in the West, which caused Madame de la -Chanterie's imprisonment. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -LISTOMERE (Marquis de) son of the "old Marquise de Listomere"; deputy -of the majority under Charles X., with hopes of a peerage; husband of -Mademoiselle de Vandenesse the elder, his cousin. One evening in 1828, -in his own house on rue Saint-Dominique, he was quietly reading the -"Gazette de France" without noticing the flirtation carried on at his -side by his wife and Eugene de Rastignac, then twenty-five years old. -[The Lily of the Valley. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Study -of Woman.] -</p> -<p> -LISTOMERE (Marquise de), wife of the preceding, elder of M. de -Vandenesse's daughters, and sister of Charles and Felix. Like her -husband and cousin, during the early years of the Restoration, she was -a brilliant type of the period, combining, as she did, godliness with -worldliness, occasionally figuring in politics, and concealing her -youth under the guise of austerity. However, in 1828, her mask seemed -to fall at the moment when Madame de Mortsauf died; for, then, she -wrongly fancied herself the object of Eugene de Rastignac's wooing. -Under Louis Philippe she took part in an intrigue formed for the -purpose of throwing her sister-in-law, Marie de Vandenesse, into the -power of Raoul Nathan. [The Lily of the Valley. Lost Illusions. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Study of Woman. A Daughter of -Eve.] -</p> -<p> -LISTOMERE (Marquise de) mother-in-law of the preceding, born -Grandlieu. She lived in Paris at an advanced age in Ile Saint-Louis, -during the early years of the nineteenth century; received on his -holidays her grand-nephew, Felix de Vandenesse, then a student, and -frightened him by the solemn or frigid appearance of everything about -her. [The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -LISTOMERE (Baronne de), had been the wife of a lieutenant-general. As -a widow she lived in the city of Tours under the Restoration, assuming -all the grand airs of the past centuries. She helped the Birotteau -brothers. In 1823 she received the army paymaster, Gravier, and the -terrible Spanish husband who killed the French surgeon, Bega. Madame -de Listomere died, and her wish to make Francois Birotteau her partial -heir was not executed. [The Vicar of Tours. Cesar Birotteau. The Muse -of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -LISTOMERE (Baron de), nephew of the preceding, born in 1791; was in -turn lieutenant and captain in the navy. During a leave of absence -spent with his aunt at Tours he began to intervene in favor of the -persecuted abbe, Francois Birotteau, but finally opposed him upon -learning of the power of the Congregation, and that the priest's name -figured in the Baronne de Listomere's will. [The Vicar of Tours.] -</p> -<p> -LISTOMERE (Comtesse de), old, lived in Saint-Germain suburbs of Paris, -in 1839. At the Austrian embassy she became acquainted with Rastignac, -Madame de Nucingen, Ferdinand du Tillet and Maxime de Trailles. [The -Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -LISTOMERE-LANDON (Marquise de), born in Provence, 1744; lady of the -eighteenth century aristocracy, had been the friend of Duclos and -Marechal de Richelieu. Later she lived in the city of Tours, where she -tried to help by unbiased counsel her unsophisticated niece by -marriage, the Marquise Victor d'Aiglemont. Gout and her happiness over -the return of the Duc d'Angouleme caused Madame de Listomere's death -in 1814. [A Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -LOLOTTE. (See Topinard, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -LONGUEVILLE (De), noble and illustrious family, whose last scion, the -Duc de Rostein-Limbourg, executed in 1793, belonged to the younger -branch. [The Ball at Sceaux.] -</p> -<p> -LONGUEVILLE, deputy under Charles X., son of an attorney, without -authority placed the particle <i>de</i> before his name. M. Longueville was -connected with the house of Palma, Werbrust & Co.; he was the father -of Auguste, Maximilien and Clara; desired a peerage for himself and a -minister's daughter for his elder son, who had an income of fifty -thousand francs. [The Ball at Sceaux.] -</p> -<p> -LONGUEVILLE (Auguste), son of the preceding, born late in the -eighteenth century, possessed an income of fifty thousand francs; -married, probably a minister's daughter; was secretary of an embassy; -met Madame Emilie de Vandenesse during a vacation which he was -spending in Paris, and told her the secret of his family. Died young, -while employed in the Russian embassy. [The Ball at Sceaux.] -</p> -<p> -LONGUEVILLE (Maximilien), one of Longueville's three children, -sacrificed himself for his brother and sister; entered business, lived -on rue du Sentier—then no longer called rue du Groschenet; was -employed in a large linen establishment, situated near rue de la Paix; -fell passionately in love with Emilie de Fontaine, who became Madame -Charles de Vandenesse. She ceased to reciprocate his passion upon -learning that he was merely a novelty clerk. However, M. Longueville, -as a result of the early death of his father and of his brother, -became a banker, a member of the nobility, a peer, and finally the -Vicomte "Guiraudin de Longueville." [The Ball at Sceaux.] -</p> -<p> -LONGUEVILLE (Clara), sister of the preceding; she was probably born -during the Empire; was a very refined young woman of frail -constitution, but good complexion; lived in the time of the -Restoration; was companion and protegee of her elder brother, -Maximilien, future Vicomte Guiraudin, and was cordially received at -the Planat de Baudry's pavilion, situated in the valley of Sceaux, -where she was a good friend of the last unmarried heiress of Comte de -Fontaine. [The Ball at Sceaux.] -</p> -<p> -LORA (Leon de), born in 1806, descendant of a noble family of -Roussillon, of Spanish origin; penniless son of Comte Fernand Didas y -Lora and Leonie de Lora, born Gazonal; younger brother of Juan de -Lora, nephew of Mademoiselle Urraca y Lora; he left his native country -at an early age. His family, with the exception of his mother, who -died, remained at home long after his departure, but he never inquired -concerning them. He went to Paris, where, having entered the artist, -Schinner's, studio, under the name of Mistigris, he became celebrated -for his animation and repartee. From 1820 he shone in this way, rarely -leaving Joseph Bridau—a friend whom he accompanied to the Comte de -Serizy's at Presles in the valley of Oise. Later Leon protected his -very sympathetic but commonplace countryman, Pierre Grassou. In 1830 -he became a celebrity. Arthez entrusted to him the decoration of a -castle, and Leon de Lora forthwith showed himself to be a master. Some -years later he took a tour through Italy with Felicite des Touches and -Claude Vignon. Being present when the domestic troubles of the Bauvans -were recounted, Lora was able to give a finished analysis of -Honorine's character to M. de l'Hostal. Being a guest at all the -social feasts and receptions he was in attendance at one of -Mademoiselle Brisetout's gatherings on rue Chauchat. There he met -Bixiou, Etienne Lousteau, Stidmann and Vernisset. He visited the -Hulots frequently and their intimate friends. With the aid of Joseph -Bridau he rescued W. Steinbock from Clichy, saw him marry Hortense, -and was invited to the second marriage of Valerie Marneffe. He was -then the greatest living painter of landscapes and sea-pieces, a -prince of repartee and dissipation, and dependent on Bixiou. Fabien du -Ronceret gave to him the ornamentation of an apartment on rue Blanche. -Wealthy, illustrious, living on rue Berlin, the neighbor of Joseph -Bridau and Schinner, member of the Institute, officer of the Legion of -Honor, Leon, assisted by Bixiou, received his cousin Palafox Gazonal, -and pointed out to him many well-known people about town. [The -Unconscious Humorists. A Bachelor's Establishment. A Start in Life. -Pierre Grassou. Honorine. Cousin Betty. Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -LORA (Don Juan de), elder brother of the preceding, spent his whole -life in Roussillon, his native country; in the presence of their -cousin, Palafox Gazonal, denied that his younger brother, "le petit -Leon," possessed great artistic ability. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -LORAUX (Abbe), born in 1752, of unattractive bearing, yet the very -soul of tenderness. Confessor of the pupils of the Lycee Henry IV., -and of Agathe Bridau; for twenty-five years vicar of Saint-Sulpice at -Paris; in 1818 confessor of Cesar Birotteau; became in 1819 cure of -the Blancs-Manteaux in Marais parish. He thus became a neighbor of -Octave de Bauvan, in whose home he placed in 1824 M. de l'Hostal, his -nephew and adopted son. Loraux, who was the means of restoring to -Bauvan the Comtesse Honorine, received her confessions. He died in -1830, she being his nurse at the time. [A Start in Life. A Bachelor's -Establishment. Cesar Birotteau. Honorine.] -</p> -<p> -LORRAIN, petty merchant of Pen-Hoel in the beginning of the nineteenth -century; married and had a son, whose wife and child, Pierrette, he -took care of after his son's death. Lorrain was completely ruined -later, and took refuge in a home for the old and needy, confiding -Pierrette, both of whose parents were now dead, to the care of some -near relatives, the Rogrons of Provins. Lorrain's death took place -previously to that of his wife. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -LORRAIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, and grandmother of Pierrette; -born about 1757; lived the simple life of her husband, to whom she -bore some resemblance. A widow towards the end of the Restoration, she -became comfortably situated after the return of Collinet of Nantes. -Upon going to Provins to recover her granddaughter, she found her -dying; went into retirement in Paris, and died soon after, making -Jacques Brigaut her heir. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -LORRAIN, son of the preceding couple, Bretagne; captain in the -Imperial Guard; major in the line; married the second daughter of a -Provins grocer, Auffray, through whom he had Pierrette; died a poor -man, on the battlefield of Montereau, February 18, 1814. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -LORRAIN (Madame), wife of the preceding and mother of Pierrette; born -Auffray in 1793; half sister to the mother of Sylvie and Denis Rogron -of Provins. In 1814, a poor widow, still very young, she lived with -the Lorrains of Pen-Hoel, a town in the Vendean Marais. It is said -that she was consoled by the ex-major, Brigaut, of the Catholic army, -and survived the unfortunate marriage of Madame Neraud, widow of -Auffray, and maternal grandmother of Pierrette, only three years. -[Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -LORRAIN (Pierrette), daughter of the preceding, born in the town of -Pen-Hoel in 1813; lost her father when fourteen months old and her -mother when six years old; lovable disposition, delicate and -unaffected. After a happy childhood, spent with her excellent maternal -grandparents and a playmate, Jacques Brigaut, she was sent to some -first maternal cousins of Provins, the wealthy Rogrons, who treated -her with pitiless severity. Pierrette died on Easter Tuesday, March, -1828, as the result of sickness brought on by the brutality of her -cousin, Sylvie Rogron, who was extremely envious of her. A trial of -her persecutors followed her death, and, despite the efforts of old -Madame Lorrain, Jacques Brigaut, Martener, Desplein and Bianchon, her -assailants escaped through the craftily exerted influence of Vinet. -[Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -LOUCHARD, the craftiest bailiff of Paris; undertook the recovery of -Esther van Gobseck, who had escaped from Frederic de Nucingen; did -business with Maitre Fraisier. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Cousin -Pons.] -</p> -<p> -LOUCHARD (Madame), wife of the preceding, did not live with him; -acquainted with Madame Komorn de Godollo and, in 1840, furnished her -information about Theodose de la Peyrade. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -LOUDON (Prince de), general in the Vendean cavalry, lived at Le Mans -during the Terror. He was brother of a Verneuil who was guillotined, -was noted for "his boldness and the martyrdom of his punishment." [The -Chouans. Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -LOUDON (Prince Gaspard de), born in 1791, third and only surviving son -of the Duc de Verneuil's four children; fat and commonplace, having, -very inappropriately, the same name as the celebrated Vendean cavalry -general; became probably Desplein's son-in-law. He took part in 1829 -in a great hunt given in Normandie, in company with the Herouvilles, -the Cadignans and the Mignons. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -LOUIS XVIII. (Louis-Stanislas-Xavier), born at Versailles, November -16, 1754, died September 16, 1824, King of France. He was in political -relations with Alphonse de Montauran, Malin de Gondreville, and some -time before this, under the name of the Comte de Lille, with the -Baronne de la Chanterie. He considered Peyrade an able officer and was -his patron. King Louis XVIII., friend of the Comte de Fontaine, -engaged Felix de Vandenesse as secretary. His last mistress was the -Comtesse Ferraud. [The Chouans. The Seamy Side of History. The -Gondreville Mystery. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Ball at -Sceaux. The Lily of the Valley. Colonel Chabert. The Government -Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -LOUISE, during the close of Louis Philippe's reign, was Madame W. -Steinbock's waiting-maid at Paris, rue Louis-le-Grand, and was courted -by Hulot d'Ervy's cook, at the time when Agathe Piquetard, who was -destined to become the second Baronne Hulot, was another servant. -(Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -LOURDOIS, during the Empire wealthy master-painter of interiors; -contractor with thirty thousand francs income, of Liberal views. -Charged an enormous sum for the famous decorations in Cesar -Birotteau's apartments, where he was a guest with his wife and -daughter at the grand ball of December 17, 1818. After the failure of -the perfumer, a little later, he treated him somewhat slightingly. [At -the Sign of the Cat and Racket. Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -LOUSTEAU, sub-delegate at Issoudun and afterwards the intimate friend -of Doctor Rouget, at that time his enemy, because the doctor was -possibly the father of Mademoiselle Agathe Rouget, then become Madame -Bridau. Lousteau died in 1800. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -LOUSTEAU (Etienne), son of the preceding, born at Sancerre in 1799, -nephew of Maximilienne Hochon, born Lousteau, school-mate of Doctor -Bianchon. Urged on by his desire for a literary vocation, he entered -Paris without money, in 1819, made a beginning with poetry, was the -literary partner of Victor Ducange in a melodrama played at the Gaite -in 1821, undertook the editing of a small paper devoted to the stage, -of which Andoche Finot was proprietor. He had at that time two homes, -one in the Quartier Latin, rue de la Harpe, above the Servel cafe, -another on rue de Bondy, with Florine his mistress. Not having a -better place, he became at times Flicoteaux's guest, in company with -Daniel d'Arthez and especially Lucien de Rubempre, whom he trained, -piloted, and introduced to Dauriat, in fact, whose first steps he -aided, not without feeling regret later in life. For one thousand -francs per month, Lousteau rid Philippe Bridau of his wife, Flore, -placing her in a house of ill-fame. He was at the Opera, the evening -of the masque ball of the year 1824, where Blondet, Bixiou, Rastignac, -Jacques Collin, Chatelet and Madame d'Espard discovered Lucien de -Rubempre with Esther Gobseck. Lousteau wrote criticisms, did work for -various reviews, and for Raoul Nathan's gazette. He lived on rue des -Martyrs, and was Madame Schontz's lover. He obtained by some intrigue -a deputyship at Sancerre; carried on a long liaison with Dinah de la -Baudraye; just escaped a marriage with Madame Berthier, then Felicie -Cardot; was father of Madame de la Baudraye's children, and spoke as -follows concerning the birth of the eldest: "Madame la Baronne de la -Baudraye is happily delivered of a child; M. Etienne Lousteau has the -honor of announcing it." During this liaison, Lousteau, for the sum of -five hundred francs, gave to Fabien du Ronceret a discourse to be read -at a horticultural exhibition, for which the latter was decorated. He -attended a house-warming at Mademoiselle Brisetout's, rue Chauchat; -asked Dinah and Nathan for the purpose or moral of the "Prince of -Bohemia." Lousteau's manner of living underwent little change when -Madame de la Baudraye left him. He heard Maitre Desroches recount one -of Cerizet's adventures, saw Madame Marneffe marry Crevel, took charge -of the "Echo de la Bievre," and undertook the management of a theatre -with Ridal, the author of vaudevilles. [A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris. A Bachelor's Establishment. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. A -Daughter of Eve. Beatrix. The Muse of the Department. Cousin Betty. A -Prince of Bohemia. A Man of Business. The Middle Classes. The -Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -LUIGIA, young and beautiful Roman girl of the suburbs, wife of -Benedetto, who claimed the right of selling her. She tried to kill -herself at the same time she killed him, but did not succeed. Charles -de Sallenauve—Dorlange—protected her, taking care of her when she -became a widow, and made her his housekeeper in 1839. Luigia soon left -her benefactor, the voice of slander having accused them in their -mutually innocent relations. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -LUPEAULX (Clement Chardin des), officer and politician, born about -1785; left in good circumstances by his father; who was ennobled by -Louis XV., his coat-of-arms showing "a ferocious wolf of sable bearing -a lamb in its jaws," with this motto: "En lupus in historia." A shrewd -and ambitious man, ready for all enterprises, even the most -compromising, Clement des Lupeaulx knew how to make himself of service -to Louis XVIII. in several delicate undertakings. Many influential -members of the aristocracy placed in his hands their difficult -business and their lawsuits. He served thus as mediator between the -Duc de Navarreins and Polydore Milaud de la Baudraye, and attained a -kind of mightiness that Annette seemed to fear would be disastrous to -Charles Grandet. He accumulated duties and ranks, was master of -petitions in the Council of State, secretary-general to the minister -of finance, colonel in the National Guard, government commissioner in -a joint-stock company; also provided with an inspectorship in the -king's house, he became Chevalier de Saint-Louis and officer of the -Legion of Honor. An open follower of Voltaire, but an attendant at -mass, at all times a Bertrand in pursuit of a Raton, egotistic and -vain, a glutton and a libertine, this man of intellect, sought after -in all social circles, a kind of minister's "household drudge," openly -lived, until 1825, a life of pleasure and anxiety, striving for -political success and love conquests. As mistresses he is known to -have had Esther van Gobseck, Flavie Colleville; perhaps, even, the -Marquise d'Espard. He was seen at the Opera ball in the winter of -1824, at which Lucien de Rubempre reappeared. The close of this year -brought about considerable change in the Secretary-General's affairs. -Crippled by debt, and in the power of Gobseck, Bidault and Mitral, he -was forced to give up one of the treasury departments to Isidore -Baudoyer, despite his personal liking for Rabourdin. He gained as a -result of this stroke a coronet and a deputyship. He had ambitions for -a peerage, the title of gentleman of the king's chamber, a membership -in the Academy of Inscriptions and Belles-lettres, and the commander's -cross. [The Muse of the Department. Eugenie Grandet. A Bachelor's -Establishment. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. The Government -Clerks. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -LUPEAULX (Des), nephew of the preceding, and, thanks to him, appointed -sub-prefect of Ville-aux-Fayes, Bourgogne, in 1821, in the department -presided over successively by Martial de la Roche-Hugon and Casteran. -As Gaubertin's prospective son-in-law, M. des Lupeaulx, espousing the -cause of his fiancee's family, was instrumental in disgusting -Montcornet, owner of Aigues, with his property. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -LUPIN, born in 1778, son of the last steward of the Soulanges in -Bourgogne; in time he became manager of the domain, notary and deputy -mayor of the city of Soulanges. Although married and a man of family, -M. Lupin, still in excellent physical condition, was, in 1823, a -brilliant figure in Madame Soudry's reception-room, where he was known -for his tenor voice and his extreme gallantries—the latter -characteristic being proved by two liaisons carried on with two -middle-class women, Madame Sarcus, wife of Sarcus the Rich, and -Euphemie Plissoud. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -LUPIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, called "Bebelle;" only daughter -of a salt-merchant enriched by the Revolution; had a platonic -affection for the chief clerk, Bonnac. Madame Lupin was fat, awkward, -of very ordinary appearance, and weak intellectually. On account of -these characteristics Lupin and the Soudry adherents neglected her. -[The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -LUPIN (Amaury), only son of the preceding couple, perhaps the lover of -Adeline Sarcus, who became Madame Adolphe Sibilet; was on the point of -marrying one of Gaubertin's daughters, the same one, doubtless, that -was wooed and won by M. des Lupeaulx. In the midst of this liaison and -of these matrimonial designs, Amaury Lupin was sent to Paris in 1822 -by his father to study the notary's profession with Maitre Crottat, -where he had for a companion another clerk, Georges Marest, with whom -he committed some indiscretions and went into debt. Amaury went with -his friend to the Lion d'Argent, rue d'Enghien in the Saint-Denis -section, when Marest took Pierrotin's carriage to Isle-Adam. On the -way they met Oscar Husson, and made fun of him. The following year -Amaury Lupin returned to Soulanges in Bourgogne. [The Peasantry. A -Start in Life.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0016"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - M -</h2> -<p> -MACHILLOT (Madame), kept in Paris, in 1838, in the Notre Dame-des -Champs neighborhood, a modest restaurant, which was patronized by -Godefroid on account of its nearness to Bourlac's house. [The Seamy -Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -MACUMER (Felipe Henarez, Baron de), Spanish descendant of the Moors, -about whom much information has been furnished by Talleyrand; had a -right to names and titles as follows: Henarez, Duc de Soria, Baron de -Macumer. He never used all of them; for his entire youth was a -succession of sacrifices, misfortunes and undue trials. Macumer, a -leading Spanish revolutionist of 1823, saw fortune turn against him. -Ferdinand VII., once more enthroned, recognized him as constitutional -minister, but never forgave him for his assumption of power. Seeing -his property confiscated and himself banished, he took refuge in -Paris, where he took poor lodgings on rue Hillerin-Bertin and began to -teach Spanish for a living, notwithstanding he was Baron de Sardaigne -with large estates and a place at Sassari. Macumer also suffered many -heart-aches. He vainly loved a woman who was beloved by his own -brother. His brother's passion being reciprocated, Macumer sacrificed -himself for their happiness. Under the simple name of Henarez, Macumer -was the instructor of Armande-Marie-Louise de Chaulieu, whom he did -not woo in vain. He married her, March, 1825. At various times the -baron occupied or owned Chantepleurs, a chateau Nivernais, a house on -rue du Bac, and La Crampade, Louis de l'Estorate's residence in -Provence. The foolish, annoying jealousy of Madame de Macumer -embittered his life and was responsible for his physical break-down. -Idolized by his wife, in spite of his marked plainness, he died in -1829. [Letters of Two brides.] -</p> -<p> -MACUMER (Baronne de). (See Gaston, Madame Marie.) -</p> -<p> -MADELEINE, first name of Madeleine Vinet, by which she was called -while employed as a domestic. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Cousin -Pons.] -</p> -<p> -MADOU (Angelique), woman of the masses, fat but spry; although -ignorant, very shrewd in her business of selling dried fruit. At -the beginning of the Restoration she lived in Paris on rue -Perrin-Gasselin, where she fell prey to the usurer Bidault—Gigonnet. -Angelique Madou at first dealt harshly with Cesar Birotteau, when he -was unable to pay his debts; but she congratulated him, later on, -when, as a result of his revived fortunes, the perfumer settled every -obligation. Angelique Madon had a little godchild, in whom she -occasionally showed much interest. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -MAGNAN (Prosper), of Beauvais, son of a widow, chief-surgeon's -assistant; executed in 1799 at Andernach on the banks of the Rhine, -being the innocent victim of circumstantial evidence, which condemned -him for the double crime of robbery and murder—this crime having, in -reality, been committed by his comrade, Jean-Frederic-Taillefer, who -escaped punishment. [The Red Inn.] -</p> -<p> -MAGNAN (Madame), mother of the preceding, lived at Beauvais, where she -died a short time after her son's death, and previous to the arrival -of Hermann, who was bearing her a letter from Prosper. [The Red Inn.] -</p> -<p> -MAGUS (Elie), Flemish Jew, Dutch-Belgian descent, born in 1770. He -lived now at Bordeaux, now at Paris; was a merchant of costly -articles, such as pictures, diamonds and curiosities. By his influence -Madame Luigi Porta, born Ginevra di Piombo, obtained from a -print-seller a position as colorist. Madame Evangelista engaged him -to estimate the value of her jewels. He bought a copy of Rubens from -Joseph Bridau and some Flemish subjects from Pierre Grassou, selling -them later to Vervelli as genuine Rembrandts or Teniers; he arranged -for the marriage of the artist with the cork-maker's daughter. Very -wealthy, and having retired from business in 1835, he left his house -on the Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle to occupy an old dwelling on Chaussee -des Minimes, now called rue de Bearn. He took with him his treasures, -his daughter, Noemi, and Abramko as a guard for his property. Eli -Magus was still living in 1845, when he had just acquired, in a -somewhat dishonorable manner, a number of superb paintings from -Sylvain Pons' collection. [The Vendetta. A Marriage Settlement. A -Bachelor's Establishment. Pierre Grassou. Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -MAHOUDEAU (Madame), in 1840, in company with Madame Cardinal, her -friend, created a disturbance during one of Bobino's performances at a -small theatre near the Luxembourg, where Olympe Cardinal was playing. -While playing the "jeune premiere" she was recognized by her mother. -[The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -MAHUCHET (Madame), women's shoemaker, "a very foul-mouthed woman," in -the language of Madame Nourrisson; mother of seven children. After -having dunned a countess, to no avail, for a hundred francs that was -due her, she conceived the idea of carrying off the silverware, on -display at a grand dinner to be given by her debtor one evening, as a -pledge. She promptly returned, however, the silver she had taken, upon -finding that it was white metal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -MALAGA, surname of Marguerite Turquet. -</p> -<p> -MALASSIS (Jeanne), from the country, a servant of Pingret, who was an -avaricious and wealthy old peasant of the suburbs of Limoges. Mortally -injured while hastening to the assistance of her master, who was -robbed and murdered, she was the second victim of J.-F. Tascheron. -[The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -MALFATTI, Venetian doctor; in 1820 called into consultation with one -of his fellow-physicians in France, concerning the sickness of the Duc -Cataneo. [Massimilla Doni.] -</p> -<p> -MALIN. (See Gondreville.) -</p> -<p> -MALLET, policeman in the department of Orne in 1809. Ordered to find -and arrest Madame Bryond des Minieres, he let her escape, by means of -an agreement with his comrade, Ratel, who was to have aided in her -capture. Having been imprisoned for this deed, Mallet was declared by -Bourlac deserving of capital punishment, and was put to death the same -year. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -MALVAUT (Jenny). (See Derville, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -MANCINI (De), Italian, fair, effeminate, madly beloved by La Marana, -who had by him a daughter, Juana-Pepita-Maria de Mancini, later Madame -Diard. [The Maranas.] -</p> -<p> -MANCINI (Juana-Pepita-Maria de). (See Diard, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -MANERVILLE (De), born in 1731; Norman gentleman to whom the governor -of Guyenne, Richelieu, married one of the wealthiest Bordeaux -heiresses. He purchased a commission as major of the Gardes de la -Porte, in the latter part of Louis XV.'s reign; had by his wife a son, -Paul, who was reared with austerity; emigrated, at the outbreak of the -Revolution, to Martinique, but managed to save his property, Lanstrac, -etc., thanks to Maitre Mathias, head-clerk of the notary. He became a -widower in 1810, three years before his death. [A Marriage -Settlement.] -</p> -<p> -MANERVILLE (Paul Francois-Joseph, Comte de), son of the preceding, -born in 1794, received his education in the college at Vendome, -finishing his work there in 1810, the year of his mother's death. He -passed three years at Bordeaux with his father, who had become -overbearing and avaricious; when left an orphan, he inherited a large -fortune, including Lanstrac in Gironde, and a house in Paris, rue de -la Pepiniere. He spent six years in Europe as a diplomat, passing his -vacations in Paris, where he was intimate with Henri de Marsay, and -was a lover of Paquita Valdes. There he was subject to the trifling of -Madame Charles de Vandenesse, then Emilie de Fontaine; also, perhaps, -met Lucien de Rubempre. In the winter of 1821 he returned to Bordeaux, -where he was a social leader. Paul de Manerville received the -appropriate nick-name of "le fleur des pois." Despite the good advice -of his two devoted friends, Maitre Mathias and Marsay, he asked, -through the instrumentality of his great-aunt, Madame de Maulincour, -for the hand of Natalie Evangelista in marriage, and obtained it. -After being wedded five years, he was divorced from his wife and -sailed for Calcutta under the name of Camille, one of his mother's -given names. [The Thirteen. The Ball at Sceaux. Lost Illusions. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Marriage Settlement.] -</p> -<p> -MANERVILLE (Comtesse Paul de), wife of the preceding, born -Mademoiselle Natalie Evangelista, non-lineal descendant of the Duke of -Alva, related also to the Claes. Having been spoiled as a child, and -being of a sharp, domineering nature, she robbed her husband without -impoverishing him. She was a leader at Paris as well as at Bordeaux. -As the mistress of Felix de Vandenesse she disliked his dedication to -a story, for in it he praised Madame de Mortsauf. Later, in company -with Lady Dudley and Mesdames d'Espard, Charles de Vandernesse and de -Listomere, she attempted to compromise the Comtesse Felix de -Vandenesse, recently married, with Raoul Nathan. [A Marriage -Settlement. The Lily of the Valley. A Daughter of Eve.] -</p> -<p> -MANETTE, under the Restoration at Clochegourde in Touraine, the -Comtesse de Mortsauf's housekeeper, taking her mother's place in the -care of her young master and mistress, Jacques and Madeleine de -Mortsauf. [The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -MANON. (See Godard, Manon.) -</p> -<p> -MANON-LA-BLONDE, during the last years of the Restoration a Paris -prostitute, who fell violently in love with Theodore Calvi, became a -receiver of stolen goods, brought to her by the companion of Jacques -Collin, who committed murder also, at the time of the robbery; she -thus became the indirect or involuntary cause of the Corsican's -arrest. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -MANSEAU (Pere), tavern-keeper at Echelles, a town in Savoie, gave aid -to La Fosseuse, in her poverty, and sheltered this unfortunate woman -in a barn. La Fosseuse became the protegee of Doctor Benassis. [The -Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -MARANA (La), the last of a long series of prostitutes bearing the same -name; natural descendant of the Herouvilles. She was known to have had -more than one distinguished lover: Mancini, the Duc de Lina, and a -king of Naples. She was notorious in Venice, Milan and Naples. She had -by Mancini one child, whom he acknowledged, Juana-Pepita-Maria, and -had her reared in good morals by the Lagounias, who were under -obligations to her. Upon going to seek her daughter in Tarragone, -Spain, she surprised the girl in company with Montefiore, but scorned -to take vengeance upon him. She accepted as husband of the young girl -M. Diard, who had asked for her hand. In 1823, when she was dying in -the hospital at Bordeaux, Marana once more saw her daughter, still -virtuous, although unhappy. [The Hated Son. The Maranas.] -</p> -<p> -MARCAS (Zephirin), born about 1803 in a Bretagne family at Vitre. In -after life he supported his parents who were in poor circumstances. He -received a free education in a seminary, but had no inclination for -the priesthood. Carrying hardly any money he went to Paris, in 1823 or -1824, and after studying with a lawyer became his chief clerk. Later -he studied men and objects in five capitals: London, Berlin, Vienna, -St. Petersburg and Constantinople. For five years he was a journalist, -and reported the proceedings of the "Chambres." He often visited R. de -la Palferine. With women he proved to be of the passionate-timid kind. -With the head of a lion, and a strong voice, he was equal as an orator -to Berryer, and the superior of M. Thiers. For a long time he supplied -the political ability needed by a deputy who had become a minister, -but, convinced of his disloyalty, he overthrew him, only to restore -him for a short time. He once more entered into polemical controversy; -saw the newspapers which had sparkled with his forceful, high-minded -criticism die; and lived miserably upon a daily allowance of thirty -sous, earned by copying for the Palais. Marcas lived at that time, -1836, in the garret of a furnished house on rue Corneille. His -thankless debtor, become minister again, sought him anew. Had it not -been for the hearty attention of his young neighbors, Rabourdin and -Juste, who furnished him with some necessary clothing, and aided him -at Humann's expense, Marcas would not have taken advantage of the new -opportunity that was offered him. His new position lasted but a short -time. The third fall of the government hastened that of Marcas. Lodged -once more on rue Corneille he was taken with a nervous fever. The -sickness increased and finally carried away this unrecognized genius. -Z. Marcas was buried in a common grave in Montparnasse cemetery, -January, 1838. [A Prince of Bohemia. Z. Marcas.] -</p> -<p> -MARCHAND (Victor), son of a Parisian grocer, infantry-major during the -campaign of 1808, a lover of Clara Leganes, to whom he was under -obligation; tried, without success, to marry this girl of the Spanish -nobility, who preferred to suffer the most horrible of deaths, -decapitation by the hand of her own brother. [El Verdugo.] -</p> -<p> -MARCHE-A-TERRE. (See Leroi, Pierre.) -</p> -<p> -MARCILLAC (Madame de). Thanks to some acquaintances of the old regime, -whom she had kept, and to her relationship with the Rastignacs, with -whom she lived quietly, she found the means of introducing to Claire -de Beauseant, Chevalier de Rastignac, her well-beloved grand-nephew -—about 1819. [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -MARCOSINI (Count Andrea), born in 1807 at Milan; although an -aristocrat he took temporary refuge in Paris as a liberal; a wealthy -and handsome poet; took his period of exile in 1834 in good spirits. -He was received on terms of friendship by Mesdames d'Espard and Paul -de Manerville. On the rue Froidmanteau he was constantly in pursuit of -Marianina Gambara; at the Italian Giardini's "table-d'hote" he -discussed musical topics and spoke of "Robert le Diable." For five -years he kept Paolo Gambara's wife as his mistress; then he gave her -up to marry an Italian dancer. [Gambara.] -</p> -<p> -MARECHAL, under the Restoration an attorney at Ville-aux-Fayes, -Bourgogne, Montcornet's legal adviser, helped by his recommendation to -have Sibilet appointed steward of Aigues in 1817. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -MARESCHAL, supervisor in the college of Vendome in 1811, when Louis -Lambert became a student in this educational institution. [Louis -Lambert.] -</p> -<p> -MAREST (Frederic), born about 1802, son of a rich lumber-merchant's -widow, cousin of Georges Marest; attorney's clerk in Paris, November, -1825; lover of Florentine Cabirolle, who was maintained by Cardot; -made the acquaintance at Maitre Desroches' of Oscar Husson, and took -him to a fete given by Mademoiselle Cabirolle on rue de Vendome, where -his friend foolishly compromised himself. [A Start in Life.] Frederic -Marest, in 1838, having become an examining magistrate in the public -prosecutor's office in Paris, had to examine Auguste de Mergi, who was -charged with having committed robbery to the detriment of Doctor -Halpersohn. [The Seamy Side of History.] The following year, while -acting as king's solicitor at Arcis-sur-Aube, Frederic Marest, still -unmarried and very corpulent, became acquainted with Martener's sons, -Goulard, Michu and Vinet, and visited the Beauvisage and Mallot -families. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MAREST (Georges), cousin of the preceding, son of the senior member of -a large Parisian hardware establishment on rue Saint-Martin. He -became, in 1822, the second clerk of a Parisian notary, Maitre A. -Crottat. He had then as a comrade in study and in pleasure Amaury -Lupin. At this time Marest's vanity made itself absurdly apparent in -Pierrotin's coach, which did service in the valley of Oise; he hoaxed -Husson, amused Bridau and Lora, and vexed the Comte de Serizy. Three -years later Georges Marest had become the chief clerk of Leopold -Hannequin. He lost by debauchery a fortune amounting to thirty -thousand francs a year, and died a plain insurance-broker. [The -Peasantry. A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -MARGARITIS, of Italian origin, took up his residence in Vouvray in -1831, an old man of deranged mind, most eccentric of speech, and who -pretended to be a vine-grower. He was induced by Vernier to hoax the -famous traveler, Gaudissart, during a business trip of the latter. -[Gaudissart the Great.] -</p> -<p> -MARGARITIS (Madame), wife of the insane Margaritis. She kept him near -her for the sake of economy, and made amends to the deceived -Gaudissart. [Gaudissart the Great.] -</p> -<p> -MARGUERON, wealthy citizen of Beaumont-sur-Oise, under Louis XVIII., -wished his son to be tax-collector of the district in which he himself -owned the farm lying next to the property of Serizy at Presles, and -which he had leased to Leger. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -MARIANNE, during the Restoration, servant of Sophie Gamard at Tours. -[The Vicar of Tours.] -</p> -<p> -MARIANNE, served with Gaucher in Michu's house, October, 1803, in the -district of Arcis-sur-Aube, at Cinq-Cygne. She served her master with -discretion and fidelity. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -MARIAST, owned No. 22 rue da la Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve, Paris, and -let it to Messieurs of d'Espard during nearly the whole period of the -Restoration. [The Commission in Lunacy.] -</p> -<p> -MARIE DES ANGES (Mere), born in 1762, Jacques Bricheteau's aunt, -superior of the Ursuline convent at Arcis-sur-Aube, saved from the -guillotine by Danton, had the fifth of April of each year observed -with a mass in her nephew's behalf, and, under Louis Philippe, -protected the descendant of a celebrated Revolutionist, Charles de -Sallenauve; her influence gave him the position of deputy of the -district. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MARIETTE. (See Godeschal, Marie.) -</p> -<p> -MARIETTE, born in 1798; from 1817 in the service of the Wattevilles of -Besancon; was under Louis Philippe, despite her extreme homeliness, -and on account of the money she had saved, courted by Jerome, a -servant of Albert Savarus. Mademoiselle de Watteville, who was in love -with the lawyer, used Mariette and Jerome to her own advantage. -[Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -MARIETTE, in 1816, cook in the employ of Mademoiselle Cormon, of -Alencon; sometimes received advice from M. du Ronceret; an ordinary -kitchen-maid in the same household, when her mistress became Madame du -Bousquier. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -MARIETTE, was in the employ of La Fosseuse, towards the end of the -Restoration, in the village over which Benassis was mayor. [The -Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -MARIGNY (Duchesse de), much sought after in the Saint-Germain section; -related to the Navarreins and the Grandlieus; a woman of experience -and good at giving advice; real head of her house; died in 1819. [The -Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -MARIGNY[*] (De), son of the preceding, harebrained, but attractive, -had an attachment for Madame Keller, a middle-class lady of the -Chaussee-d'Antin. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<pre> -* During the last century the Marignys owned, before the Verneuils, - Rosembray, an estate where a great hunt brought together, 1829, - Cadignan, Chaulieu, Canalis, Mignon, etc. -</pre> -<p> -MARIN, in 1839, at Cinq-Cygne, in the district of Arcis-sur-Aube, -first valet of Georges de Maufrigneuse and protector of Anicette. [The -Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MARION of Arcis, grandson of a steward in the employ of Simeuse; -brother-in-law of Madame Marion, born Giguet. He had the confidence of -Malin, acquired for him the Gondreville property, and became a lawyer -in Aube, then president of an Imperial court. [The Gondreville -Mystery. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MARION, brother of the preceding and brother-in-law of Colonel Giguet, -whose sister became his wife. Through Malin's influence, he became -co-receiver-general of Aube, with Sibuelle as his colleague. [The -Gondreville Mystery. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MARION (Madame), wife of the preceding, Colonel Giguet's sister. She -was on intimate terms with Malin de Gondreville. After her husband's -death she returned to her native country, Arcis, where her parlor was -frequented by many guests. Under Louis Philippe, Madame Marion exerted -her powers in behalf of Simon Giguet, the Colonel's son. [The Member -for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MARION. (See Kolb, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -MARIOTTE, of Auxerre, a rival of the wealthy Gaubertin in contracting -for the forest lands of that portion of Bourgogne in which Aigues, the -large estate of Montcornet, was situated. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -MARIOTTE (Madame), of Auxerre, mother of the preceding, in 1823, had -Mademoiselle Courtecuisse in her service. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -MARIUS, the cognomen, become hereditary, of a native of Toulouse, who -established himself as a Parisian hair-dresser and was thus nick-named -by the Chevalier de Parny, one of his patrons, in the early part of -the nineteenth century. He handed down this name of Marius as a kind -of permanent property to his successors. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -MARMUS (Madame), wife of a savant, who was an officer in the Legion of -Honor and a member of the Institute. They lived together on rue -Duguay-Trouin in Paris, and were (in 1840) on intimate terms with -Zelie Minard. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -MARMUS, husband of the preceding and noted for his absent-mindedness. -[The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -MARNEFFE (Jean-Paul-Stanislas), born in 1794, employed in the War -Department. In 1833, while a mere clerk living on twelve hundred -francs a year, he married Mademoiselle Valerie Fortin. Having become -as unprincipled as a convict, under the patronage of Baron Hulot, his -wife's paramour, he left rue du Doyenne to install himself in luxury -in the Saint-Germain section, and later became head-clerk, assistant -chief, and chief of the bureau, chevalier, then officer of the Legion -of Honor. Jean-Paul-Stanislas Marneffe, decayed physically as well as -morally, died in May, 1842. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -MARNEFFE[*] (Madame). (See Crevel, Madame Celestin.) -</p> -<pre> -* In 1849, at Paris, Clairville produced upon the stage of the - Gymnase-Dramatique, the episodes in the life of Madame Marneffe, - somewhat modified, under the double title, "Madame Marneffe, or - the Prodigal Father" (a vaudeville drama in five acts). -</pre> -<p> -MARNEFFE (Stanislas), legal son of the preceding couple, suffered from -scrofula, much neglected by his parents. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -MAROLLES (Abbe de), an old priest, who lived towards the close of the -eighteenth century. Having escaped in September, 1792, from the -massacre of the Carmelite convent, now a small chapel on rue de -Vaugirard, he concealed himself in the upper Saint-Martin district, -near the German Highway. He had under his protection, at this time, -two nuns, who were in as great danger as he, Sister Marthe and Sister -Agathe. On January 22, 1793, and on January 21, 1794, the Abbe de -Marolles, in their presence, said masses for the repose of Louis -XVI.'s soul, having been asked to do so by the executioner of the -"martyr-king," whose presence at mass the Abbe knew nothing of until -January 25, 1794, when he was so informed at the corner of rue des -Frondeurs by Citizen Ragou. [An Episode under the Terror.] -</p> -<p> -MARONIS (Abbe de), a priest of great genius, who would have been -another Borgia, had he worn the tiara. He was Henri de Marsay's -teacher, and made of him a complete skeptic, in a period when the -churches were closed. The Abbe de Maronis died a bishop in 1812. [The -Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -MARRON, under the Restoration, a physician at Marsac, Charente; nephew -of the Cure Marron. He married his daughter to Postel, a pharmacist of -Augouleme. He was intimate with the family of David Sechard. [Lost -Illusions. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -MARSAY (De), immoral old gentleman. To oblige Lord Dudley he married -one of the former's mistresses and recognized their son as his own. -For this favor he received a hundred thousand francs per year for -life, money which he soon threw away in evil company. He confided the -child to his old sister, Mademoiselle de Marsay, and died, as he had -lived, away from his wife. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -MARSAY (Madame de). (See Vordac, Marquise de.) -</p> -<p> -MARSAY (Mademoiselle de), sister-in-law of the preceding, took care of -her son, Henri, and treated him so well that she was greatly mourned -by him when she died advanced in years. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -MARSAY (Henri de), born between 1792 and 1796, son of Lord Dudley and -the celebrated Marquise de Vordac, who was first united in marriage to -the elder De Marsay. This gentleman adopted the boy, thus becoming, -according to law, his father. The young Henri was reared by -Mademoiselle de Marsay and the Abbe de Maronis. He was on intimate -terms, in 1815, with Paul de Manerville, and was already one of the -all powerful Thirteen, with Bourignard, Montriveau and Ronquerolles. -At that time he found on rue Saint-Lazare a girl from Lesbosen, -Paquita Valdes, whom he wished to make his mistress. He met at the -same time his own natural sister, Madame de San-Real, of whom he -became the rival for Paquita's love. At first Marsay had been the -lover of the Duchesse Charlotte, then of Arabelle Dudley, whose -children were his very image. He was also known to be intimate with -Delphine de Nucingen up to 1819, then with Diane de Cadignan. In his -position as member of the Thirteen Henri was in Montriveau's party -when Antoinette de Langeais was stolen from the Carmelites. He bought -Coralie for sixty thousand francs. He passed the whole of his time -during the Restoration in the company of young men and women. He was -the companion and counselor of Victurnien d'Esgrignon, Savinien de -Portenduere and above all of Paul de Manerville, whose course he -vainly tried to direct after an ill-appointed marriage, and to whom he -announced, as soon as possible, his own union. Marsay aided Lucien de -Rubempre and served for him, with Rastignac, as second in a duel with -Michel Chrestien. The Chaulieu and Fontaine women feared or admired -Henri de Marsay—a man who was slighted by M. de Canalis, the much -toasted poet. The Revolution of July, 1830, made Marsay a man of no -little importance. He, however, was content to tell over his old love -affairs gravely in the home of Felicite des Touches. As prime minister -from 1832 to 1833, he was an habitue of the Princesse de Cadignan's -Legitimist salon, where he served as a screen for the last Vendean -insurrection. There, indeed, Marsay brought to light the secrets, -already old, of Malin's kidnapping. Marsay died in 1834, a physical -wreck, having but a short time before, when Nathan was courting Marie -de Vandenesse, taken part in the intrigue, although he was disgusted -with the author. [The Thirteen. The Unconscious Humorists. Another -Study of Woman. The Lily of the Valley. Father Goriot. Jealousies of a -Country Town. Ursule Mirouet. A Marriage Settlement. Lost Illusions. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Letters of Two Brides. The Ball at -Sceaux. Modeste Mignon. The Secrets of a Princess. The Gondreville -Mystery. A Daughter of Eve.] -</p> -<p> -MARTAINVILLE (Alphonse-Louis-Dieudonne), publicist and dramatic -writer, born at Cadiz, in 1776, of French parents, died August 27, -1830. He was an extreme Royalist and, as such, in 1821 and 1822, threw -away his advice and support on Lucien de Rubempre, then a convert to -Liberalism. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -MARTENER, well-educated old man who lived in Provins under the -Restoration. He explained to the archaeologist, Desfondrilles, who -consulted him, the reason why Europe, disdaining the waters of -Provins, sought Spa, where the waters were less efficacious, according -to French medical advice. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -MARTENER, son of the preceding; physician at Provins in 1827, capable -man, simple and gentle. He married Madame Guenee's second daughter. -When consulted one day by Mademoiselle Habert, he spoke against the -marriage of virgins at forty, and thus filled Sylvie Rogron with -despair. He protected and cared for Pierrette Lorrain, the victim of -this same old maid. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -MARTENER (Madame), wife of the preceding, second daughter of Madame -Guenee, and sister of Madame Auffray. Having taken pity on Pierrette -Lorrain in her sickness, she gave to her, in 1828, the pleasures of -music, playing the compositions of Weber, Beethoven or Herold. -[Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -MARTENER, son of the preceding couple, protege of Vinet the elder, -honest and thick-headed. He was, in 1839, examining magistrate at -Arcis-sur-Aube and caucused, during the election season in the spring -of this same year, with the officers, Michu, Goulard, O. Vinet and -Marest. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MARTHA was for a long time the faithful chambermaid of Josephine -Claes; she died in old age between 1828 and 1830. [The Quest for the -Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -MARTHE (Sister), a Gray sister of Auvergne; from 1809 to 1816 -instructed Veronique Sauviat—Madame Graslin—in reading, writing, -sacred history, the Old and the New Testaments, the Catechism, the -elements of arithmetic. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -MARTHE (Sister), born Beauseant, in 1730, a nun in the Abbey of -Chelles, fled with Sister Agathe (nee Langeais) and the Abbe de -Marolles to a poor lodging in the upper Saint-Martin district. On -January 22, 1793, she went to a pastry-cook near Saint Laurent to get -the wafers necessary for a mass for the repose of Louis XVI.'s soul. -At this ceremony she was present, as was also the man who had executed -the King. The following year, January 21, 1794, this same ceremony was -repeated exactly. She passed these two years of the Terror under -Mucius Scoevola's protection. [An Episode under the Terror.] -</p> -<p> -MARTHE (Sister), in the convent of the Carmelites at Blois, knew two -young women, Mesdames de l'Estorade and Gaston. [Letters of Two -Brides.] -</p> -<p> -MARTIN, a woman of a Dauphine village, of which Doctor Benassis was -mayor, kept the hospital children for three francs and a bar of soap -each month. She was, possibly, the first person in the country seen by -Genestas-Bluteau, and also the first to impart knowledge to him. [The -Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -MARTINEAU, name of two brothers employed by M. de Mortsauf in -connection with his farms in Touraine. The elder was at first a -farm-hand, then a steward; the younger, a warden. [The Lily of the -Valley.] -</p> -<p> -MARTINEAU, son of one of the two Martineau brothers. [The Lily of the -Valley.] -</p> -<p> -MARTY (Jean-Baptiste), actor of melodrama, employe or manager of the -Gaite, before and after the Paris fire of 1836; born in 1779, -celebrated during the Restoration; in 1819 and 1820 he played in -"Mont-Sauvage," a play warmly applauded by Madame Vauquer. This woman -was accompanied to the theatre on the Boulevard du Crime, by her rue -Nueve-Sainte-Genevieve lodger, Jacques Collin, called also Vautrin, on -the evening before his arrest. [Father Goriot.] Marty died, at an -advanced age, in 1868, a chevalier in the Legion of Honor, after -having been for many years mayor of Charenton. -</p> -<p> -MARVILLE (De). (See Camusot.) -</p> -<p> -MARY, an Englishwoman in the family of Louis de l'Estorade during the -Restoration and under Louis Philippe. [Letters of Two Brides. The -Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MASSIN-LEVRAULT, junior, son of a poor locksmith of Montargis, -grand-nephew of Doctor Denis Minoret, as a result of his marriage with -a Levrault-Minoret; father of three girls, Pamela, Aline, and Madame -Goupil. He bought the office of clerk to the justice of peace in -Nemours, January, 1815, and lived at first with his family in the good -graces of Doctor Minoret, through whom his sister became postmistress -at Nemours. Massin-Levrault, junior, was one of the indirect -persecutors of Ursule de Portenduere. He became a minicipal councilor -after July, 1830, began to lend money to the laboring people at -exorbitant rates of interest, and finally developed into a confirmed -usurer. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -MASSIN-LEVRAULT (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Levrault-Minoret -in 1793, grand-niece of Doctor Denis Minoret on the maternal side; her -father was a victim of the campaign in France. She strove in every way -possible to win the affections of her wealthy uncle, and was one of -Ursule de Portenduere's persecutors. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -MASSOL, native of Carcassonne, licentiate in law and editor of the -"Gazette des Tribunaux" in May, 1830. Without knowing their -relationship he brought together Jacqueline and Jacques Collin, a -boarder at the Concierge, and, acting under Granville's orders, in his -journal attributed Lucien de Rubembre's suicidal death to the rupture -of a tumor. A Republican, through the lack of the particle <i>de</i> before -his name, and very ambitious, he was, in 1834, the associate of Raoul -Nathan in the publication of a large journal, and sought to make a -tool of the poet-founder of this paper. In company with Stidmann, -Steinbock and Claude Vignon, Massol was a witness of the second -marriage of Valerie Marneffe. In 1845, having become a councilor of -state and president of a section, he supported Jenny Cadine. He was -then charged with the administrative lawsuit of S.-P. Gozonal. [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life. The Magic Skin. A Daughter of Eve. Cousin -Betty. The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -MASSON, friend of Maitre Desroches, an attorney, to whom, upon the -latter's advice, Lucien de Rubempre hastened, when Coralie's furniture -was attached, in 1821. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -MASSON (Publicola), born in 1795, the best known chiropodist in Paris, -a radical Republican of the Marat type, even resembled the latter -physically; counted Leon de Lora among his customers. [The Unconscious -Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -MATHIAS, born in 1753. He started as third clerk to a Bordeaux notary, -Chesneau, whom he succeeded. He married, but lost his wife in 1826. He -had one son on the bench, and a married daughter. He was a good -example of the old-fashioned country magistrate, and gave out his -enlightened opinions to two generations of Manervilles. [A Marriage -Settlement.] -</p> -<p> -MATHILDE (La Grande), on terms of friendship with Jenny Courand in -Paris, under the reign of Louis Philippe. [Gaudissart the Great.] -</p> -<p> -MATHURINE, a cook, spiritual and upright, first in the employ of the -Bishop of Nancy, but later given a place on rue Vaneau, Paris, with -Valerie Marneffe, by Lisbeth, a relative of the former on her mother's -side. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -MATIFAT, a wealthy druggist on rue des Lombards, Paris, at the -beginning of the nineteenth century; kept the "Reine des Roses," which -later was handled by Ragon and Birotteau; typical member of the middle -classes, narrow in views and pleased with himself, vulgar in language -and, perhaps, in action. He married and had a daughter, whom he took, -with his wife, to the celebrated ball tendered by Cesar Birotteau on -rue Saint-Honore, Sunday, December 17, 1818. As a friend of the -Collevilles, Thuilliers and Saillards, Matifat obtained for them -invitations from Cesar Birotteau. In 1821 he supported on rue de Bondy -an actress, who was shortly transferred from the Panorama to the -Gymnase-Dramatique. Although called Florine, her true name was Sophie -Grignault, and she became subsequently Madame Nathan. J.-J. Bixiou and -Madame Desroches visited Matifat frequently during the year 1826, -sometimes on rue du Cherche-Midi, sometimes in the suburbs of Paris. -Having become a widower, Matifat remarried under Louis Philippe, and -retired from business. He was a silent partner in the theatre directed -by Gaudissart. [Cesar Birotteau. A Bachelor's Establishment. Lost -Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. The Firm of Nucingen. -Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -MATIFAT (Madame), first wife of the preceding, a woman who wore a -turban and gaudy colors. She shone, under the Restoration, in -bourgeois circles and died probably during the reign of Louis -Philippe. [Cesar Birotteau. The Firm of Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -MATIFAT (Mademoiselle), daughter of the preceding couple, attended the -Birotteau ball, was sought in marriage by Adolphe Cochin and Maitre -Desroches; married General Baron Gouraud, a poor man much her elder, -bringing to him a dowry of fifty thousand crowns and expectations of -an estate on rue du Cherche-Midi and a house at Luzarches. [Cesar -Birotteau. The Firm of Nucingen. Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -MAUCOMBE (Comte de), of a Provencal family already celebrated under -King Rene. During the Revolution he "clothed himself in the humble -garments of a provincial proof-reader," in the printing office of -Jerome-Nicolas Sechard at Angouleme. He had a number of children: -Renee, who became Madame de l'Estorade; Jean, and Marianina, a natural -daughter, claimed by Lanty. He was a deputy by the close of 1826, -sitting between the Centre and the Right. [Lost Illusions. Letters of -Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -MAUCOMBE (Jean de), son of the preceding, gave up his portion of the -family inheritance to his older sister, Madame de l'Estorade, born -Renee de Maucombe. [Letters of Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -MAUFRIGNEUSE (Duc de), born in 1778, son of the Prince de Cadignan, -who died an octogenarian towards the close of the Restoration, leaving -then as eldest of the house the Prince de Cadignan. The prince was in -love with Madame d'Uxelles, but married her daughter, Diane, in 1814, -and afterwards lived unhappily with her. He supported Marie Godeschal; -was a cavalry colonel during the reigns of Louis XVIII. and Charles -X.; had under his command Philippe Bridau, the Vicomte de Serizy, -Oscar Husson. He was on intimate terms with Messieurs de Grandlieu and -d'Espard. [The Secrets of a Princess. A Start in Life. A Bachelor's -Establishment. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -MAUFRIGNEUSE (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, born Diane -d'Uxelles in 1796, married in 1815. She was in turn the mistress of -Marsay, Miguel d'Ajuda-Pinto, Victurnien d'Esgrignon, Maxime de -Trailles, Eugene de Rastignac, Armand de Montriveau, Marquis de -Ronquerolles, Prince Galathionne, the Duc de Rhetore, a Grandlieu, -Lucien de Rubempre, and Daniel d'Arthez. She lived at various times in -the following places: Anzy, near Sancerre; Paris, on rue Saint-Honore -in the suburbs and on rue Miromesnil; Cinq-Cygne in Champagne; Geneva -and the borders of Leman. She inspired a foolish platonic affection in -Michel Chrestien, and kept at a distance the Duc d'Herouville, who -courted her towards the end of the Restoration by sarcasm and -brilliant repartee. Her first and last love affairs were especially -well known. For her the Marquis Miguel d'Ajudo-Pinto gave up Berthe de -Rochefide, his wife, avenging thus a former mistress, Claire de -Beauseant. Her liaison with Victurnien d'Esgrignon became the most -stormy of romances. Madame de Maufrigneuse, disguised as a man and -possessed of a passport, bearing the name of Felix de Vandenesse, -succeeded in rescuing from the Court of Assizes the young man who had -compromised himself in yielding to the foolish extravagance of his -mistress. The duchesse received even her tradesmen in an angelic way, -and became their prey. She scattered fortunes to the four winds, and -her indiscretions led to the sale of Anzy in a manner advantageous to -Polydore Milaud de la Baudraye. Some years later she made a vain -attempt to rescue Lucien de Rubempre, against whom a criminal charge -was pending. The Restoration and the Kingdom of 1830 gave to her life -a different lustre. Having fallen heir to the worldly sceptre of -Mesdames de Langeais and de Beauseant, both of whom she knew socially, -she became intimate with the Marquise d'Espard, a lady with whom in -1822 she disputed the right to rule the "fragile kingdom of fashion." -She visited frequently the Chaulieus, whom she met at a famous hunt -near Havre. In July, 1830, reduced to poor circumstances, abandoned by -her husband, who had then become the Prince de Cadignan, and assisted -by her relatives, Mesdames d'Uxelles and de Navarreins, Diane operated -as it were a kind of retreat, occupied herself with her son Georges, -and strengthening herself by the memory of Chrestien, also by -constantly visiting Madame d'Espard, she succeeded, without completely -foregoing society, in making captive the celebrated deputy of the -Right, a man of wealth and maturity, Daniel Arthez himself. In her own -home and in that of Felicite des Touches she heard, between 1832 and -1835, anecdotes of Marsay. The Princess de Cadignan had portraits of -her numerous lovers. She had also one of the <i>Madame</i> whom she had -attended, and upon meeting him, showed it to Marsay, minister of Louis -Philippe. She owned also a picture of Charles X. which was thus -inscribed, "Given by the King." After the marriage of her son to a -Cinq-Cygne, she visited often at the estate of that name, and was -there in 1839, during the regular election. [The Secrets of a -Princess. Modeste Mignon. Jealousies of a Country town. The Muse of -the Department. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Letters of Two Brides. -Another Study of Woman. The Gondreville Mystery. The Member for -Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MAUFRIGNEUSE (Georges de), son of the preceding, born in 1814, had -successively in his service Toby and Marin, took the title of duke -towards the close of the Restoration, was in the last Vendean -uprising. Through his mother's instrumentality, who paved the way for -the match in 1833, he married Mademoiselle Berthe de Cinq-Cygne in -1838, and became heir to the estate of the same name the following -year during the regular election. [The Secrets of a Princess. The -Gondreville Mystery. Beatrix. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MAUFRIGNEUSE (Berthe de), wife of the preceding, daughter of Adrien -and Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, married in 1838, although she had been -very nearly engaged in 1833; she lived with all her family on their -property at Aube during the spring of 1839. [Beatrix. The Gondreville -Mystery. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MAUGREDIE, celebrated Pyrrhonic physician, being called into -consultation, he gave his judgment on the very serious case of Raphael -de Valentin. [The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -MAULINCOUR[*] (Baronne de), born Rieux, an eighteenth century woman -who "did not lose her head" during the Revolution; intimate friend of -the Vidame de Pamiers. At the beginning of the Restoration she spent -half of her time in the suburbs of Saint-Germain, where she managed to -educate her grandson, Auguste Carbonnon de Maulincour, and the -remainder on her estates at Bordeaux, where she demanded the hand of -Natalie Evangelista in marriage for her grand-nephew, Paul de -Manerville. Of the family of this girl she had an unfavorable, but -just opinion. The Baronne de Maulincour died a short time before her -grandson of the chagrin which she felt on account of this young man's -unhappy experiences. [A Marriage Settlement. The Thirteen.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] Some Maulincourts had, during the last century, a place of - residence on Chausee de Minimes, in the Marais, of which Elie - Magus subsequently became proprietor. -</pre> -<p> -MAULINCOUR (Auguste Carbonnon de), born in 1797, grandson of the -preceding, by whom he was reared; moulded by the Vidame de Pamiers, -whom he left but rarely; lived on the rue de Bourbon in Paris; had a -short existence, under Louis XVIII., which was full of brilliance and -misfortune. Having embraced a military career he was decorated, -becoming major in a cavalry regiment of the Royal Guard, and -afterwards lieutenant-colonel of a company of body-guards. He vainly -courted Madame de Langeais, fell in love with Clemence Desmarets, -followed her, compromised her, and persecuted her. By his -indiscretions he drew upon himself the violent enmity of Gratien -Bourignard, father of Madame Desmarets. In this exciting struggle -Maulincour, having neglected the warnings that many self-imposed -accidents had brought upon him, also a duel with the Marquis de -Ronquerolles, was fatally poisoned and soon after followed the old -baroness, his grandmother, to Pere-Lachaise. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -MAUNY (Baron de), was killed during the Restoration, or after 1830, in -the suburbs of Versailles, by Victor (the Parisian), who struck him -with a hatchet. The murderer finally took refuge at Aiglemont in the -family of his future mistress, Helene. [A Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -MAUPIN (Camille). (See Touches, Felicite des.) -</p> -<p> -MAURICE, valet, employed by the Comte and Comtess de Restaud, during -the Restoration. His master believed his servant to be faithful to his -interests, but the valet, on the contrary, was true to those of the -wife who opposed her husband in everything. [Father Goriot. Gobseck.] -</p> -<p> -MEDAL (Robert), celebrated and talented actor, who was on the Parisian -stage in the last years of Louis Philippe, at the time when Sylvain -Pons directed the orchestra in Gaudissart's theatre. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -MELIN, inn-keeper or "cabaretier" in the west of France, furnished -lodging in 1809 to the Royalists who were afterwards condemned by -Mergi, and himself received five years of confinement. [The Seamy Side -of History.] -</p> -<p> -MELMOTH (John), an Irishman of pronounced English characteristics, a -Satanical character, who made a strange agreement with Rodolphe -Castanier, Nucingen's faithless cashier, whereby they were to make a -reciprocal exchange of personalities; in 1821, he died in the odor of -holiness, on rue Ferou, Paris. [Melmoth Reconciled.] -</p> -<p> -MEMMI (Emilio). (See Varese, Prince de.) -</p> -<p> -MENE-A-BIEN, cognomen of Coupiau. -</p> -<p> -MERGI (De), magistrate during the Empire and the Restoration, whose -activity was rewarded by both governments, inasmuch as he always -struck the members of the party out of power. In 1809 the court over -which he presided was charged with the cases of the "Chauffeurs of -Mortagne." Mergi showed great hatred in his dealings with Madame de la -Chanterie. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -MERGI (De), son of the preceding, married Vanda de Bourlac. [The Seamy -Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -MERGI (Baronne Vanda de), born Bourlac, of Polish origin on her -mother's side, belonged to the family of Tarlowski, married the son of -Mergi, the celebrated magistrate, and having survived him, was -condemned to poverty and sickness; was aided in Paris by Godefroid, a -messenger from Madame de la Chanterie, and attended by her father and -Doctors Bianchon, Desplein, Haudry and Moise Halpersohn, the last of -whom finally saved her. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -MERGI (Auguste de), during the last half of Louis Philippe's reign was -in turn a collegian, university student and humble clerk in the Palais -at Paris; looked after the needs of his mother, Vanda de Mergi, with -sincerest devotion. For her sake he stole four thousand francs from -Moise Halpersohn, but remained unpunished, thanks to one of the -Brothers of Consolation, who boarded with Madame de la Chanterie. [The -Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -MERKSTUS, banker at Douai, under the Restoration had a bill of -exchange for ten thousand francs signed by Balthazar Claes, and, in -1819, presented it to the latter for collection. [The Quest of the -Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -MERLE, captain in the Seventy-second demi-brigade; jolly and careless. -Killed at La Vivetiere in December, 1799, by Pille-Miche (Cibot). [The -Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -MERLIN, of Douai, belonged to the convention, of which he was, for two -years, one of the five directors; attorney-general in the court of -appeal; in September, 1805, rejected the appeal of the Simeuses, of -the Hauteserres, and of Michu, men who had been condemned for -kidnapping Senator Malin. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -MERLIN (Hector), came to Paris from Limoges, expecting to become a -journalist; a Royalist; during the two years in which Lucien de -Rubempre made his literary and political beginning, Merlin was -especially noted. At that time he was Suzanne du Val-Noble's lover, -and a polemical writer for a paper of the Right-Centre; he also -brought honor to Andoche Finot's little gazette by his contributions. -As a journalist he was dangerous, and could, if necessary, fill the -chair of the editor-in-chief. In March, 1822, with Theodore Gaillard, -he established the "Reveil," another kind of "Drapeau Blanc." Merlin -had an unattractive face, lighted by two pale-blue eyes, which were -fearfully sharp; his voice had in it something of the mewing of a cat, -something of the hyena's asthmatic gasping. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -MERLIN DE LA BLOTTIERE (Mademoiselle), of a noble family of Tours -(1826); Francois Birotteau's friend. [The Vicar of Tours.] -</p> -<p> -MERRET (De), gentleman of Picardie, proprietor of the Grande Breteche, -near Vendome, under the Empire; had the room walled up, where he knew -the Spaniard Bagos de Feredia, lover of his wife, was in hiding. He -died in 1816 at Paris as a result of excesses. [La Grande Breteche.] -</p> -<p> -MERRET (Madame Josephine de), wife of the preceding, mistress of Bagos -de Feredia, whom she saw perish almost under her eyes, after she had -refused to give him up to her husband. She died in the same year as -Merret, at La Grande Breteche, as a result of the excitement she had -undergone. The story of Madame de Merret was the subject of a -vaudeville production given at the Gymnase-Dramatique under the title -of "Valentine." [La Grande Breteche.] -</p> -<p> -METIVIER, paper merchant on rue Serpente in Paris, under the -Restoration; correspondent of David Sechard, friend of Gobseck and of -Bidault, accompanying them frequently to the cafe Themis, between rue -Dauphine and the Quai des Augustins. Having two daughters, and an -income of a hundred thousand francs, he withdrew from business. [Lost -Illusions. The Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -METIVIER, nephew and successor of the preceding, one of whose -daughters he married. He was interested in the book business, in -connection with Morand and Barbet; took advantage of Bourlac in 1838; -lived on rue Saint-Dominique d'Enfer, in the Thuillier house in 1840; -engaged in usurious transactions with Jeanne-Marie-Brigitte, Cerizet, -Dutocq, discounters of various kinds and titles. [The Seamy Side of -History. The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -MEYNARDIE (Madame), at Paris, under the Restoration, in all -probability, had an establishment or shop in which Ida Gruget was -employed; undoubtedly controlled a house of ill-fame, in which Esther -van Gobseck was a boarder. [The Thirteen. Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] -</p> -<p> -MEYRAUX, medical doctor; a scholarly young Parisian, with whom Louis -Lambert associated, November, 1819. Until his death in 1832 Meyraux -was a member of the rue des Quatre-Vents Cenacle, over which Daniel -d'Arthez presided. [Louis Lambert. A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] -</p> -<p> -MICHAUD (Justin), an old chief quartermaster to the cuirassiers of the -Imperial Guard, chevalier of the Legion of Honor. He married one of -the Montcornet maids, Olympe Charel, and became, under the -Restoration, head warden of the Montcornet estates at Blangy in -Bourgogne. Unknown to himself he was secretly beloved by Genevieve -Niseron. His military frankness and loyal devotion succumbed before an -intrigue formed against him by Sibilet, steward of Aigues, and by the -Rigous, Soudrys, Gaubertins, Fourchons and Tonsards. On account of the -complicity of Courtecuisse and Vaudoyer the bullet fired by Francois -Tonsard, in 1823, overcame the vigilance of Michaud. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -MICHAUD (Madame Justin), born Olympe Charel, a virtuous and pretty -farmer's daughter of Le Perche; wife of the preceding; chambermaid of -Madame de Montcornet—born Troisville—before her marriage and -induction to Aigues in Bourgogne. Her marriage to Justin Michaud was -the outcome of mutual love. She had in her employ Cornevin, Juliette -and Gounod; sheltered Genevieve Niseron, whose strange disposition she -seemed to understand. For her husband, who was thoroughly hated in the -Canton of Blangy, she often trembled, and on the same night that -Michaud was murdered she died from over-anxiety, soon after giving -birth to a child which did not survive her. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -MICHEL, writer at Socquard's cafe and coffee-house keeper at Soulanges -in 1823. He also looked after his patron's vineyard and garden. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -MICHONNEAU (Christine-Michelle). (See Poiret, the elder, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -MICHU, during the progress of and after the French Revolution he -played a part directly contrary to his regular political affiliations. -His lowly birth, his harsh appearance, and his marriage with the -daughter of a Troyes tanner of advanced opinion, all helped to make -his pronounced Republicanism seem in keeping, although beneath it he -hid his Royalist faith and an active devotion to the Simeuses, the -Hauteserres and the Cinq-Cygnes. Michu controlled the Gondreville -estate between 1789 and 1804, after it was snatched from its rightful -owners, and under the Terror he presided over the Jacobin club at -Arcis. As a result of the assassination of the Duc d'Enghien March 21, -1804, he lost his position at Gondreville. Michu then lived not far -from there, near Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, to whom he made known his -secret conduct, and, as a result, became overseer of all the estate -attached to the castle. Having publicly shown his opposition to Malin, -he was thought guilty of being leader in a plot to kidnap the new -Seigneur de Gondreville, and was consequently condemned to death, a -sentence which was executed, despite his innocence, October, 1806. -[The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -MICHU (Marthe), wife of the preceding, daughter of a Troyes tanner, -"the village apostle of the Revolution," who, as a follower of -Baboeuf, a believer in racial and social equality, was put to death. A -blonde with blue eyes, and of perfect build, in accordance with her -father's desire, despite her modest innocence, posed before a public -assembly as the Goddess of Liberty. Marthe Michu adored her husband, -by whom she had a son, Francois, but being ignorant for a long time of -his secret, she lived in a manner separated from him, under her -mother's wing. When she did learn of her husband's Royalist actions, -and that he was devoted to the Cinq-Cygnes, she assisted him, but -falling into a skilfuly contrived plot, she innocently brought about -her husband's execution. A forged letter having attracted her to -Malin's hiding-place, Madame Michu furnished all the necessary -evidence to make the charge of kidnapping seem plausible. She also was -cast into prison and was awaiting trial when death claimed her, -November, 1806. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -MICHU (Francois), son of the preceding couple, born in 1793. In 1803, -while in the service of the house of Cinq-Cygne, he ferreted out the -police-system that Giguet represented. The tragic death of his parents -(a picture of one of them hung on the wall at Cinq-Cygne) caused his -adoption in some way or other by the Marquise Laurence, whose efforts -afterwards paved the way for his career as a lawyer from 1817 to 1819, -an occupation which he left, only to become a magistrate. In 1824 he -was associate judge of the Alencon court. Then he was appointed -attorney of the king and received the cross of the Legion of Honor, -after the suit against Victurnien d'Esgrignon by M. du Bosquier and -the Liberals. Three years later he performed similar duties at the -Arcis court, over which he presided in 1839. Already wealthy, and -receiving an income of twelve thousand francs granted him in 1814 by -Madame de Cinq-Cygne, Francois Michu married a native of Champagne, -Mademoiselle Girel, a Troyes heiress. In Arcis he attended only the -social affairs given by the Cinq-Cygnes, then become allies of the -Cadignans, and in fact never visited any others. [The Gondreville -Mystery. Jealousies of a Country Town. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MICHU (Madame Francois), wife of the preceding, born Girel. Like her -husband, she rather looked with scorn upon Arcis society, in 1839, and -departed little from the circle made up of government officers' -families and the Cinq-Cygnes. [The Gondreville Mystery. The Member for -Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MIGEON, in 1836, porter in the rue des Martyrs house in which Etienne -Lousteau lived for three years; he was commissioned for nine hundred -francs by Mme. de la Baudraye, who then lived with the writer, to -carry her jewelry to the pawn-broker. [The Muse of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -MIGEON (Pamela), daughter of the preceding, born in 1823; in 1837, the -intelligent little waiting-maid of Madame de la Baudraye, when the -baronne lived with Lousteau. [The Muse of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -MIGNON DE LA BASTIE (Charles), born in 1773 in the district of Var, -"last member of the family to which Paris is indebted for the street -and the house built by Cardinal Mignon"; went to war under the -Republic; was closely associated with Anne Dumay. At the beginning of -the Empire, as the result of mutual affection, his marriage with -Bettina Wallenrod only daughter of a Frankfort banker took place. -Shortly before the return of the Bourbons, he was appointed -lieutenant-colonel, and became commander of the Legion of Honor. Under -the Restoration Charles Mignon de la Bastie lived at Havre with his -wife, and acquired forthwith, by means of banking, a large fortune, -which he shortly lost. After absenting himself from the country, he -returned, during the last year of Charles X.'s reign, from the Orient, -having become a multi-millionaire. Of his four children, he lost -three, two having died in early childhood, while Bettina Caroline, the -third, died in 1827, after being misled and finally deserted by M. -d'Estourny. Marie-Modeste was the only child remaining, and she was -confided during her father's journeys to the care of the Dumays, who -were under obligations to the Mignons; she married Ernest de la -Bastie-La Briere (also called La Briere-la Bastie). The brilliant -career of Charles Mignon was the means of his reassuming the title, -Comte de la Bastie. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -MIGNON (Madame Charles), wife of the preceding, born Bettina -Wallenrod-Tustall-Bartenstild, indulged daughter of a banker in -Frankfort-on-the-Main. She became blind soon after her elder daughter, -Bettina-Caroline's troubles and early death, and had a presentiment of -the romance connected with her younger daughter, Marie-Modeste, who -became Madame Ernest de la Bastie-La Briere. Towards the close of the -Restoration, Madame Charles Mignon, as the result of an operation by -Desplein, recovered her sight and was a witness of Marie-Modeste's -happiness. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -MIGNON (Bettina-Caroline), elder daughter of the preceding couple; -born in 1805, the very image of her father; a typical Southern girl; -was favored by her mother over her younger sister, Marie-Modeste, a -kind of "Gretchen," who was similar in appearance to Madame Mignon. -Bettina-Caroline was seduced, taken away and finally deserted by a -"gentleman of fortune," named D'Estourny, and shortly sank at Havre -under the load of her sins and suffering, surrounded by nearly all of -her family. Since 1827 there has been inscribed on her tomb in the -little Ingouville cemetery the following inscription: "Bettina -Caroline Mignon, died when twenty-two years of age. Pray for her!" -[Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -MIGNON (Marie-Modeste). (See La Bastie-La Briere, Madame Ernest de.) -</p> -<p> -MIGNONNET, born in 1782, graduate of the military schools, was an -artillery captain in the Imperial Guard, but resigned under the -Restoration and lived at Issoudun. Short and thin, but of dignified -bearing; much occupied with science; friend of the cavalry officer -Carpentier, with whom he joined the citizens against Maxence Gilet. -Gilet's military partisans, Commandant Potel and Captain Renard, lived -in the Faubourg of Rome, Belleville of the corporation of Berry. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -MILAUD, handsome representative of the self-enriched plebeian branch -of Milauds; relative of Jean-Athanase-Polydore Milaud de la Baudraye, -in whose marriage he put no confidence, and from whom he expected to -receive an inheritance. Under the favor of Marchangy, he undertook the -career of a public prosecutor. Under Louis XVIII. he was a deputy at -Angouleme, a position to which he was succeeded by maitre Petit-Claud. -Milaud eventually performed the same duties at Nevers, which was -probably his native country. [Lost Illusions. The Muse of the -Department.] -</p> -<p> -MILAUD DE LA BAUDRAYE. (See La Baudraye.) -</p> -<p> -MILLET, Parisian grocer, on rue Chanoinesse, in 1836 attended to the -renting of a small unfurnished room in Madame de la Chanterie's house; -gave Godefroid information, after having submitted him to a rigid -examination. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -MINARD (Louis), refractory "chauffeur," connected with the Royalist -insurrection in western France, 1809, was tried at the bar of justice, -where Bourlac and Mergi presided; he was executed the same year that -he was condemned to death. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -MINARD (Auguste-Jean-Francois), as clerk to the minister of finances -he received a salary of fifteen hundred francs. In the florist -establishment of a fellow-workman's sister, Mademoiselle Godard, of -rue Richelieu, he met a clerk, Zelie Lorain, the daughter of a porter. -He fell in love with her, married her, and had by her two children, -Julien and Prudence. He lived near the Courcelles gate, and as an -economical worker of retiring disposition he was made the butt of -J.-J. Bixiou's jests in the Treasury Department. Necessity gave him -fortitude and originality. After giving up his position in December, -1824, Minard opened a trade in adulterated teas and chocolates, and -subsequently became a distiller. In 1835 he was the richest merchant -in the vicinity, having an establishment on the Place Maubert and one -of the best houses on the rue des Macons-Sorbonne. In 1840 Minard -became mayor of the eleventh district, where he lived, judge of the -tribunal of commerce, and officer of the Legion of Honor. He -frequently met his former colleagues of the period of the Restoration: -Colleville, Thuillier, Dutocq, Fleury, Phellion, Xavier Rabourdin, -Saillard, Isidore Baudoyer and Godard. [The Government Clerks. The -Firm of Nucingen. The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -MINARD (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Zelie Lorain, daughter of -a porter. On account of her cold and prudent disposition, she did not -persist long in her trial at the Conservatory, but became a florist's -girl in Mademoiselle Godard's establishment on rue Richelieu. After -her marriage to Francois Minard she gave birth to two children, and, -with the help of Madame Lorain, her mother, reared them comfortably -near the Courcelles gate. Under Louis Philippe, having become rich, -and living in that part of the Saint-Germain suburbs which lies next -to Saint-Jacques, she showed, as did her husband, the silly pride of -the enriched mediocrity. [The Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -MINARD (Julien), son of the preceding couple, attorney; at first -considered "the family genius." In 1840 he committed some -indiscretions with Olympe Cardinal, creator of "Love's Telegraphy," -played at Mourier's small theatre[*] on the Boulevard. His dissipation -ended in a separation brought about by Julien's parents, who -contributed to the support of the actress, then become Madame Cerizet. -[The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] This theatre was built in 1831 on the Boulevard du Temple, where - the first Ambigu had been situated; it was afterwards moved to No. - 40, rue de Bondy, December 30, 1862. -</pre> -<p> -MINARD (Prudence), sister of the preceding, was sought in marriage by -Felix Gaudissart towards the end of Louis Philippe's reign. [The -Middle Classes. Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -MINETTE,[*] vaudeville actress on rue de Chartres, during the -Restoration, died during the first part of the Second Empire, lawful -wife of a director of the Gaz; was well known for her brilliancy, and -was responsible for the saying that "Time is a great faster," quoted -sometimes before Lucien de Rubempre in 1821-22. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] Minette married M. Marguerite; she lived in Paris during the - last years of her life in the large house at the corner of - rue Saint-Georges and rue Provence. -</pre> -<p> -MINORETS (The), representatives of the well-known "company of army -contractors," in which Mademoiselle Sophie Laguerre's steward, who -preceded Gaubertin at Aigues, in Bourgogne, acquired a one-third -share, after giving up his stewardship. [The Peasantry.] The relatives -of Madame Flavie Colleville, daughter of a ballet-dancer, who was -supported by Galathionne and, perhaps, by the contractor, Du -Bourguier, were connected with the Minorets, probably the army -contractor Minorets. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -MINORET (Doctor Denis), born in Nemours in 1746, had the support -of Dupont, deputy to the States-General in 1789, who was his -fellow-citizen; he was intimate with the Abbe Morellet, also the -pupil of Rouelle the chemist, and an ardent admirer of Diderot's -friend, Bordeu, by means of whom, or his friends, he gained a large -practice. Denis Minoret invented the Lelievre balm, became an -acquaintance and protector of Robespierre, married the daughter of -the celebrated harpsichordist, Valentin Mirouet, died suddenly, soon -after the execution of Madame Roland. The Empire, like the former -governments, recompensed Minoret's ability, and he became consulting -physician to His Imperial and Royal Majesty, in 1805, chief hospital -physician, officer of the Legion of Honor, chevalier of Saint-Michel, -and member of the Institute. Upon withdrawing to Nemours, January, 1815, -he lived there in company with his ward, Ursule Mirouet, daughter of his -brother-in-law, Joseph Mirouet, later Madame Savinien de Portenduere, -a girl whom he had taken care of since she had become an orphan. As -she was the living image of the late Madame Denis Minoret, he loved -her so devotedly that his lawful heirs, Minoret-Levrault, Massin, -Cremiere, fearing that they would lose a large inheritance, mistreated -the adopted child. Doctor Minoret, at the time when he was worried -over their plotting, saw Bouvard, a fellow-Parisian with whom he had -formerly associated, and through his influence interested himself -greatly in the subject of magnetism. In 1835, surrounded by some of -his nearest relatives, Minoret died at an advanced age, having been -converted from the philosophy of Voltaire through the influence of -Ursule, whom he remembered substantially in his will. [Ursule -Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -MINORET-LEVRAULT (Francois), son of the oldest brother of the -preceding, and his nearest heir, born in 1769, strong but uncouth and -illiterate, had charge of the post-horses and was keeper of the best -tavern in Nemours, as a result of his marriage with Zelie -Levrault-Cremiere, an only daughter. After the Revolution of 1830 he -became deputy-mayor. As principle heir to Doctor Minoret's estate he -was the bitterest persecutor of Ursule Mirouet, and made away with the -will which favored the young girl. Later, being compelled to restore -her property, overcome by remorse, and sorrowing for his son, who was -the victim of a runaway, and for his insane wife, Francois -Minoret-Levrault became the faithful keeper of the property of Ursule, -who had then become Madame Savinien de Portenduere. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -MINORET-LEVRAULT (Madame Francois), wife of the preceding, born Zelie -Levrault-Cremiere, physically feeble, sour of countenance and action, -harsh, greedy, as illiterate as her husband, brought him as dower half -of her maiden name (a local tradition) and a first-class tavern. She -was, in reality, the manager of the Nemours post-house. She worshiped -her son Desire, whose tragic death was sufficient punishment for her -avaricious persecutions of Ursule de Portenduere. She died insane in -Doctor Blanche's sanitarium in the village of Passy[*] in 1841. [Ursule -Mirouet.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] Since 1860 a suburb of Paris. -</pre> -<p> -MINORET (Desire), son of the preceding couple, born in 1805. Obtained -a half scholarship in the Louis-le-Grand lyceum in Paris, through the -instrumentality of Fontanes, an acquaintance of Dr. Minoret; finally -studied law. Under Goupil's leadership he became somewhat dissipated -as a young man, and loved in turn Esther van Gobseck and Sophie -Grignault—Florine—who, after declining his offer of marriage, became -Madame Nathan. Desire Minoret was not actively associated with his -family in the persecution of Ursule de Portenduere. The Revolution of -1830 was advantageous to him. He took part during the three glorious -days of fighting, received the decoration, and was selected to be -deputy attorney to the king at Fontainebleau. He died as a result of -the injuries received in a runaway, October, 1836. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -MIRAH (Josepha), born in 1814. Natural daughter of a wealthy Jewish -banker, abandoned in Germany, although she bore as a sign of her -identity an anagram of her Jewish name, Hiram. When fifteen years old -and a working girl in Paris, she was found out and misled by Celestine -Crevel, whom she left eventually for Hector Hulot, a more liberal man. -The munificence of the commissary of stores exalted her socially, and -gave her the opportunity of training her voice. Her vocal attainments -established her as a prima donna, first at the Italiens, then on rue -le Peletier. After Hector Hulot became a bankrupt, she abandoned him -and his house on rue Chauchat, near the Royal Academy, where, at -different times, had lived Tullia, Comtesse du Bruel and Heloise -Brisetout. The Duc d'Herouville became Mademoiselle Mirah's lover. -This affair led to an elegant reception on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque to -which all Paris received invitation. Josepha had at all times many -followers. One of the Kellers and the Marquis d'Esgrignon made fools -of themselves over her. Eugene de Rastignac, at that time minister, -invited her to his home, and insisted upon her singing the celebrated -cavatina from "La Muette." Irregular in her habits, whimisical, -covetous, intelligent, and at times good-natured, Josepha Mirah gave -some proof of generosity when she helped the unfortunate Hector Hulot, -for whom she went so far as to get Olympe Grenouville. She finally -told Madame Adeline Hulot of the baron's hiding-place on the Passage -du Soleil in the Petite-Pologne section. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -MIRAULT, name of one branch of the Bargeton family, merchants in -Bordeaux during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. [Lost -Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -MIRBEL (Madame de), well-known miniature-painter from 1796 to 1849; -made successively the portrait of Louise de Chaulieu, given by this -young woman to the Baron de Macumer, her future husband; of Lucien de -Rubempre for Esther Gobseck; of Charles X. for the Princess of -Cadignan, who hung it on the wall of her little salon on rue -Miromesnil, after the Revolution of 1830. This last picture bore the -inscription, "Given by the King." [Letters of Two Brides. Scenes from -a Courtesan's Life. The Secrets of a Princess.] -</p> -<p> -MIROUET (Ursule). (See Portenduere, Vicomtesse Savinien de.) -</p> -<p> -MIROUET (Valentin), celebrated harpsichordist and instrument-maker; -one of the best known French organists; father-in-law of Doctor -Minoret; died in 1785. His business was bought by Erard. [Ursule -Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -MIROUET (Joseph), natural son of the preceding and brother-in-law of -Doctor Denis Minoret. He was a good musician and of a Bohemian -disposition. He was a regiment musician during the wars in the latter -part of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth centuries. -He passed through Germany, and while there married Dinah Grollman, by -whom he had a daughter, Ursule, later the Vicomtesse de Portenduere, -who had been left a penniless orphan in her early youth. [Ursule -Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -MITANT (La), a very poor woman of Conches in Bourgogne, who was -condemned for having let her cow graze on the Montcornet estate. In -1823 the animal was seized by the deputy, Brunet, and his assistants, -Vermichel and Fourchon. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -MITOUFLET, old grenadier of the Imperial Guard, husband of a wealthy -vineyard proprietress, kept the tavern Soleil d'Or at Vouvray in -Touraine. After 1830 Felix Gaudissart lived there and Mitouflet served -as his second in a harmless duel brought on by a practical joke played -on the illustrious traveling salesman, dupe of the insane Margaritis. -[Gaudissart the Great.] -</p> -<p> -MITOUFLET, usher to the minister of war under Louis Philippe, in the -time of Cottin de Wissembourg, Hulot d'Ervy and Marneffe. [Cousin -Betty.] -</p> -<p> -MITRAL, a bachelor, whose eyes and face were snuff-colored, a bailiff -in Paris during the Restoration, also at the same time a money-lender. -He numbered among his patrons Molineux and Birotteau. He was invited -to the celebrated ball given in December, 1818, by the perfumer. Being -a maternal uncle of Isidore Baudoyer, connected in a friendly way with -Bidault—Gigonnet—and Esther-Jean van Gobseck, Mitral, by their -good-will, obtained his nephew's appointment to the Treasury, December, -1824. He spent his time then in Isle-Adam, the Marais and the -Saint-Marceau section, places of residence of his numerous family. In -possession of a fortune, which undoubtedly would go later to the -Isidore Baudoyers, Mitral retired to the Seine-et-Oise division. -[Cesar Birotteau. The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -MIZERAI, in 1836 a restaurant-keeper on rue Michel-le-Comte, Paris. -Zephirin Marcas took his dinners with him at the rate of nine sous. -[Z. Marcas.] -</p> -<p> -MODINIER, steward to Monsieur de Watteville; "governor" of Rouxey, the -patrimonial estate of the Wattevilles. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -MOINOT, in 1815 mail-carrier for the Chaussee-d'Antin; married and the -father of four children; lived in the fifth story at 11, rue des -Trois-Freres, now known as rue Taitbout. He innocently exposed the -address of Paquita Valdes to Laurent, a servant of Marsay, who -artfully tried to obtain it for him. "My name," said the mail-carrier -to the servant, "is written just like <i>Moineau</i> (sparrow)—M-o-i-n-o-t." -"Certainly," replied Laurent. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -MOISE, Jew, who was formerly a leader of the <i>rouleurs</i> in the South. -His wife, La Gonore, was a widow in 1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] -</p> -<p> -MOISE, a Troyes musician, whom Madame Beauvisage thought of employing -in 1839 as the instructor of her daughter, Cecile, at Arcis-sur-Aube. -[The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MOLINEUX (Jean-Baptiste), Parisian landlord, miserly and selfish. -Mesdames Crochard lived in one of his houses between rue du -Tourniquet-Saint-Jean and rue la Tixeranderie, in 1815. Mesdames -Leseigneur de Rouville and Hippolyte Schinner were also his tenants, -at about the same time, on rue de Surene. Jean-Baptiste Molineux lived -on Cour-Batave during the first part of Louis XVIII.'s reign. He then -owned the house next to Cesar Birotteau's shop on rue Saint-Honore. -Molineux was one of the many guests present at the famous ball of -December 17, 1818, and a few months later was the annoying assignee -connected with the perfumer's failure. [A Second Home. The Purse. -Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -MOLLOT, through the influence of his wife, Sophie, appointed clerk to -the justice of the peace at Arcis-sur-Aube; often visited Madame -Marion, and saw at her home Goulard, Beauvisage, Giguet, and Herbelot. -[The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MOLLOT (Madame Sophie), wife of the preceding, a prying, prating -woman, who disturbed herself greatly over Maxime de Trailles during -the electoral campaign in the division of Arcis-sur-Aube, April, 1839. -[The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MOLLOT (Earnestine), daughter of the preceding couple, was, in 1839, a -young girl of marriageable age. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MONGENOD, born in 1764; son of a grand council attorney, who left him -an income of five or six thousand. Becoming bankrupt during the -Revolution, he became first a clerk with Frederic Alain, under Bordin, -the solicitor. He was unsuccessful in several ventures: as a -journalist with the "Sentinelle," started or built up by him; as a -musical composer with the "Peruviens," an opera-comique given in 1798 -at the Feydau theatre.[*] His marriage and the family expenses -attendant rendered his financial condition more and more embarrassing. -Mongenod had lent money to Frederic Alain, so that he might be present -at the opening performance of the "Marriage de Figaro." He borrowed, -in turn, from Alain a sum of money which he was unable to return at -the time agreed. He set out thereupon for America, made a fortune, -returned January, 1816, and reimbursed Alain. From this time dates the -opening of the celebrated Parisian banking-house of Mongenod & Co. The -firm-name changed to Mongenod & Son, and then to Mongenod Brothers. In -1819 the bankruptcy of the perfumer, Cesar Birotteau, having taken -place, Mongenod became personally interested at the Bourse,[+] in the -affair, negotiating with merchants and discounters. Mongenod died in -1827. [The Seamy Side of History. Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] The Feydau theatre, with its dependencies on the thoroughfare of - the same name, existed in Paris until 1826 on the site now taken - by the rue de la Bourse. -</pre> -<pre> -[+] The Bourse temporarily occupied a building on rue Feydau, while - the present palace was building. -</pre> -<p> -MONGENOD (Madame Charlotte), wife of the preceding, in the year 1798 -bore up bravely under her poverty, even selling her hair for twelve -francs that her family might have bread. Wealthy, and a widow after -1827, Madame Mongenod remained the chief adviser and support of the -bank, operated in Paris on rue de la Victoire, by her two sons, -Frederic and Louis. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -MONGENOD (Frederic), eldest of the preceding couple's three children, -received from his thankful parents the given name of M. Alain and -became, after 1827, the head of his father's banking-house on rue de -la Victoire. His honesty is shown by the character of his patrons, -among whom were the Marquis d'Espard, Charles Mignon de la Bastie, the -Baronne de la Chanterie and Godefroid. [The Commission in Lunacy. The -Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -MONGENOD (Louis), younger brother of the preceding, with whom he had -business association on rue de la Victoire, where he was receiving the -prudent advice of his mother, Madame Charlotte Mongenod, when -Godefroid visited him in 1836. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -MONGENOD (Mademoiselle), daughter of Frederic and Charlotte Mongenod, -born in 1799; she was offered in marriage, January, 1816, to Frederic -Alain, who would not accept this token of gratitude from the wealthy -Mongenods. Mademoiselle Mongenod married the Vicomte de Fontaine. [The -Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -MONISTROL, native of Auvergne, a Parisian broker, towards the last -years of Louis Phillippe's reign, successively on rue de Lappe and the -new Beaumarchais boulevard. He was one of the pioneers in the curio -business, along with the Popinots, Ponses, and the Remonencqs. This -kind of business afterwards developed enormously. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -MONTAURAN (Marquis Alophonse de), was, in the closing years of the -eighteenth century, connected with nearly all of the well-known -Royalist intrigues in France and elsewhere. He frequently visited, -along with Flamet de la Billardiere and the Comte de Fontaine, the -home of Ragon, the perfumer, who was proprietor of the "Reine des -Roses," from which went forth the Royalist correspondence between the -West and Paris. Too young to have been at Versailles, Alphonse de -Montauran had not "the courtly manners for which Lauzun, Adhemar, -Coigny, and so many others were noted." His education was incomplete. -Towards the autumn of 1799 he especially distinguished himself. His -attractive appearance, his youth, and a mingled gallantry and -authoritativeness, brought him to the notice of Louis XVIII., who -appointed him governor of Bretagne, Normandie, Maine and Anjou. Under -the name of Gras, having become commander of the Chouans, in -September, the marquis conducted them in an attack against the Blues -on the plateau of La Pelerine, which extends between Fougeres, -Ille-et-Vilaine, and Ernee, Mayenne. Madame du Gua did not leave him -even then. Alphonse de Montauran sought the hand of Mademoiselle -d'Uxelles, after leaving this, the last mistress of Charette. -Nevertheless, he fell in love with Marie de Verneuil, the spy, who -had entered Bretagne with the express intention of delivering him to -the Blues. He married her in Fougeres, but the Republicans murdered -him and his wife a few hours after their marriage. [Cesar Birotteau. -The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -MONTAURAN (Marquise Alphonse de), wife of the preceding; born -Marie-Nathalie de Verneuil at La Chanterie near Alencon, natural -daughter of Mademoiselle Blanche de Casteran, who was abbess of -Notre-Dame de Seez at the time of her death, and of Victor-Amedee, -Duc de Verneuil, who owned her and left her an inheritance, at the -expense of her legitimate brother. A lawsuit between brother and -sister resulted. Marie-Nathalie lived then with her guardian, the -Marechal Duc de Lenoncourt, and was supposed to be his mistress. -After vainly trying to bring him to the point of marriage she was -cast off by him. She passed through divers political and social paths -during the Revolutionary period. After having shone in court circles -she had Danton for a lover. During the autumn of 1799 Fouche hired -Marie de Verneuil to betray Alphonse de Montauran, but the lovely spy -and the chief of the Chouans fell in love with each other. They were -united in marriage a few hours before their death towards the end of -that year, 1799, in which Jacobites and Chouans fought on Bretagne -soil. Madame de Montauran was attired in her husband's clothes when a -Republican bullet killed her. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -MONTAURAN (Marquis de), younger brother of Alphonse de Montauran, was -in London, in 1799, when he received a letter from Colonel Hulot -containing Alphonse's last wishes. Montauran complied with them; -returned to France, but did not fight against his country. He kept his -wealth through the intervention of Colonel Hulot and finally served -the Bourbons in the gendarmerie, where he himself became a colonel. -When Louis Philippe came to the throne, Montauran believed an absolute -retirement necessary. Under the name of M. Nicolas, he became one of -the Brothers of Consolation, who met in Madame de la Chanterie's home -on rue Chanoinesse. He saved M. Auguste de Mergi from being -prosecuted. In 1841 Montauran was seen on rue du Montparnasse, where -he assisted at the funeral of the elder Hulot. [The Chouans. The Seamy -Side of History. Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -MONTBAURON (Marquise de), Raphael de Valentin's aunt, died on the -scaffold during the Revolution. [The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -MONTCORNET (Marechal, Comte de), Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor, -Commander of Saint-Louis, born in 1774, son of a cabinet-maker in the -Faubourg Saint-Antoine, "child of Paris," mingled in almost all of the -wars in the latter part of the eighteenth and beginning of the -nineteenth centuries. He commanded in Spain and in Pomerania, and was -colonel of cuirassiers in the Imperial Guard. He took the place of his -friend, Martial de la Roche-Hugon in the affections of Madame de -Vaudremont. The Comte de Montcornet was in intimate relations with -Madame or Mademoiselle Fortin, mother of Valerie Crevel. Towards 1815, -Montcornet bought, for about a hundred thousand francs, the Aigues, -Sophie Laguerre's old estate, situated between Conches and Blangy, -near Soulanges and Ville-aux-Fayes. The Restoration allured him. He -wished to have his origin overlooked, to gain position under the new -regime, to efface all memory of the expressive nick-name received from -the Bourgogne peasantry, who called him the "Upholsterer." In the -early part of 1819 he married Virginie de Troisville. His property, -increased by an income of sixty thousand francs, allowed him to live -in state. In winter he occupied his beautiful Parisian mansion on rue -Neuve-des-Mathurins, now called rue des Mathurins, and visited many -places, especially the homes of Raoul Nathan and of Esther Gobseck. -During the summer the count, then mayor of Blangy, lived at Aigues. -His unpopularity and the hatred of the Gaubertins, Rigous, Sibilets, -Soudrys, Tonsards, and Fourchons rendered his sojourn there -unbearable, and he decided to dispose of the estate. Montcornet, -although of violent disposition and weak character, could not avoid -being a subordinate in his own family. The monarchy of 1830 -overwhelmed Montcornet, then lieutenant-general unattached, with -gifts, and gave a division of the army into his command. The count, -now become marshal, was a frequent visitor at the Vaudeville.[*] -Montcornet died in 1837. He never acknowledged his daughter, Valerie -Crevel, and left her nothing. He is probably buried in Pere-Lachaise -cemetery, where a monument was to be raised for him under W. -Steinbock's supervision. Marechal de Montcornet's motto was: "Sound -the Charge." [Domestic Peace. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Peasantry. A -Man of Business. Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] A Parisian theatre, situated until 1838 on rue de Chartres. Rue de - Chartres, which also disappeared, although later, was located - between the Palais-Royal square and the Place du Carrousel. -</pre> -<p> -MONTCORNET (Comtesse de.) (See Blondet, Madame Emile.) -</p> -<p> -MONTEFIORE, Italian of the celebrated Milanese family of Montefiore, -commissary in the Sixth of the line under the Empire; one of the -finest fellows in the army; marquis, but unable under the laws of the -kingdom of Italy to use his title. Thrown by his disposition into the -"mould of the Rizzios," he barely escaped being assassinated in 1808 -in the city of Tarragone by La Marana, who surprised him in company -with her daughter, Juana-Pepita-Maria de Mancini, afterwards Francois -Diard's wife. Later, Montefiore himself married a celebrated -Englishwoman. In 1823 he was killed and plundered in a deserted alley -in Bordeaux by Diard, who found him, after being away many years, in a -gambling-house at a watering-place. [The Maranas.] -</p> -<p> -MONTES DE MONTEJANOS (Baron), a rich Brazilian of wild and primitive -disposition; towards 1840, when very young, was one of the first -lovers of Valerie Fortin, who became in turn Madame Marneffe and -Madame Celestin Crevel. He saw her again at the Faubourg Saint-Germain -and at the Place or Pate des Italiens, and had occasion for being -envious of Hector Hulot, W. Steinbock and still others. He had revenge -on his mistress by communicating to her a mysterious disease from -which she died in the same manner as Celestin Crevel. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -MONTPERSAN (Comte de), nephew of a canon of Saint-Denis, upon whom he -called frequently; an aspiring rustic, grown sour on account of -disappointment and deceit; married, and head of a family. At the -beginning of the Restoration he owned the Chateau de Montpersan, eight -leagues from Moulins in Allier, where he lived. In 1819 he received a -call from a young stranger who came to inform him of the death of -Madame de Montpersan's lover. [The Message.] -</p> -<p> -MONTPERSAN (Comtesse Juliette de), wife of the preceding, born about -1781, lived at Montpersan with her family, and while there learned -from her lover's fellow-traveler of the former's death as a result of -an overturned carriage. The countess rewarded the messenger of -misfortune in a delicate manner. [The Message.] -</p> -<p> -MONTPERSAN (Mademoiselle de), daughter of the preceding couple, was -but a child when the sorrowful news arrived which caused her mother to -leave the table. The child, thinking only of the comical side of -affairs, remarked upon her father's gluttony, suggesting that the -countess' abrupt departure had allowed him to break the rules of diet -imposed by her presence. [The Message.] -</p> -<p> -MONTRIVEAU (General Marquis de), father of Armand de Montriveau. -Although a knighted chevalier, he continued to hold fast to the -exalted manners of Bourgogne, and scorned the opportunities which rank -and wealth had offered in his birth. Being an encyclopaedist and "one -of those already mentioned who served the Republic nobly," Montriveau -was killed at Novi near Joubert's side. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -MONTRIVEAU (Comte de), paternal uncle of Armand de Montriveau. -Corpulent, and fond of oysters. Unlike his brother he emigrated, and -in his exile met with a cordial reception by the Dulmen branch of the -Rivaudoults of Arschoot, a family with which he had some relationship. -He died at St. Petersburg. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -MONTRIVEAU (General Marquis Armand de), nephew of the preceding and -only son of General de Montriveau. As a penniless orphan he was -entered by Bonaparte in the school of Chalons. He went into the -artillery service, and took part in the last campaigns of the Empire, -among others that in Russia. At the battle of Waterloo he received -many serious wounds, being then a colonel in the Guard. Montriveau -passed the first three years of the Restoration far away from Europe. -He wished to explore the upper sections of Egypt and Central Africa. -After being made a slave by savages he escaped from their hands by a -bold ruse and returned to Paris, where he lived on rue de Seine near -the Chamber of Peers. Despite his poverty and lack of ambition and -influential friends, he was soon promoted to a general's position. His -association with The Thirteen, a powerful and secret band of men, who -counted among their members Ronquerolles, Marsay and Bourignard, -probably brought him this unsolicited favor. This same freemasonry -aided Montriveau in his desire to have revenge on Antoinette de -Langeais for her delicate flirtation; also later, when still feeling -for her the same passion, he seized her body from the Spanish -Carmelites. About the same time the general met, at Madame de -Beauseant's, Rastignac, just come to Paris, and told him about -Anastasie de Restaud. Towards the end of 1821, the general met -Mesdames d'Espard and de Bargeton, who were spending the evening at -the Opera. Montriveau was the living picture of Kleber, and in a kind -of tragic way became a widower by Antoinette de Langeais. Having -become celebrated for a long journey fraught with adventures, he was -the social lion at the time he ran across a companion of his Egyptian -travels, Sixte du Chatelet. Before a select audience of artists and -noblemen, gathered during the first years of the reign of Louis -Philippe at the home of Mademoiselle des Touches, he told how he had -unwittingly been responsible for the vengeance taken by the husband of -a certain Rosina, during the time of the Imperial wars. Montriveau, -now admitted to the peerage, was in command of a department. At this -time, having become unfaithful to the memory of Antoinette de -Langeais, he became enamored of Madame Rogron, born Bathilde de -Chargeboeuf, who hoped soon to bring about their marriage. In 1839, in -company with M. de Ronquerolles, he beame second to the Duc de -Rhetore, elder brother of Louise de Chaulieu, in his duel with -Dorlange-Sallenauve, brought about because of Marie Gaston. [The -Thirteen. Father Goriot. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris. Another Study of Woman. Pierrette. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -MORAND, formerly a clerk in Barbet's publishing-house, in 1838 became -a partner; along with Metivier tried to take advantage of Baron de -Bourlac, author of "The Spirit of Modern Law." [The Seamy Side of -History.] -</p> -<p> -MOREAU, born in 1772, son of a follower of Danton, procureur-syndic at -Versailles during the Revolution; was Madame Clapart's devoted lover, -and remained faithful almost all the rest of his life. After a very -adventurous life Moreau, about 1805, became manager of the Presles -estate, situated in the valley of the Oise, which was the property of -the Comte de Serizy. He married Estelle, maid of Leontine de Serizy, -and had by her three children. After serving as manager of the estate -for seventeen years, he gave up his position, when his dishonest -dealings with Leger were exposed by Reybert, and retired a wealthy -man. A silly deed of his godson, Oscar Husson, was, more than anything -else, the cause of his dismissal from his position at Presles. Moreau -attained a lofty position under Louis Philippe, having grown wealthy -through real-estate, and became the father-in-law of -Constant-Cyr-Melchior de Canalis. At last he became a prominent deputy -of the Centre under the name of Moreau of the Oise. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -MOREAU (Madame Estelle), fair-skinned wife of the preceding, born of -lowly origin at Saint-Lo, became maid to Leontine de Serizy. Her -fortune made, she became overbearing and received Oscar Husson, son of -Madame Clapart by her first husband, with unconcealed coldness. She -bought the flowers for her coiffure from Nattier, and, wearing some of -them, she was seen, in the autumn of 1822, by Joseph Bridau and Leon -de Lora, who had just arrived from Paris to do some decorating in the -chateau at Serizy. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -MOREAU (Jacques), eldest of the preceding couple's three children, was -the agent between his mother and Oscar Husson at Presles. [A Start in -Life.] -</p> -<p> -MOREAU, the best upholsterer in Alencon, rue de la Porte-de-Seez, near -the church; in 1816 furnished Madame du Bousquier, then Mademoiselle -Rose Cormon, the articles of furniture made necessary by M. de -Troisville's unlooked-for arrival at her home on his return from -Russia. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -MOREAU, an aged workman at Dauphine, uncle of little Jacques Colas, -lived, during the Restoration, in poverty and resignation, with his -wife, in the village near Grenoble—a place which was completely -changed by Doctor Benassis. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -MOREAU-MALVIN, "a prominent butcher," died about 1820. His beautiful -tomb of white marble ornaments rue du Marechal-Lefebvre at -Pere-Lachaise, near the burial-place of Madame Jules Desmarets and -Mademoiselle Raucourt of the Comedie-Francaise. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -MORILLON (Pere), a priest, who had charge, for some time under the -Empire, of Gabriel Claes' early education. [The Quest of the -Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -MORIN (La), a very poor old woman who reared La Fosseuse, an orphan, -in a kindly manner in a market-town near Grenoble, but who gave her -some raps on the fingers with her spoon when the child was too quick -in taking soup from the common porringer. La Morin tilled the soil -like a man, and murmured frequently at the miserable pallet on which -she and La Fosseuse slept. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -MORIN (Jeanne-Marie-Victoire Tarin, veuve), accused of trying to -obtain money by forging signatures to promissory-notes, also of the -attempted assassination of Sieur Ragoulleau; condemned by the Court of -Assizes at Paris on January 11, 1812, to twenty years hard labor. The -elder Poiret, a man who never thought independently, was a witness for -the defence, and often thought of the trial. The widow Morin, born at -Pont-sur-Seine, Aube, was a fellow-countrywoman of Poiret, who was -born at Troyes. [Father Goriot.] Many extracts have been taken from -the items published about this criminal case. -</p> -<p> -MORISSON, an inventor of purgative pills, which were imitated by -Doctor Poulain, physician to Pons and the Cibots, when, as a beginner, -he wished to make his fortune rapidly. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -MORTSAUF (Comte de), head of a Touraine family, which owed to an -ancestor of Louis XI.'s reign—a man who had escaped the gibbet—its -fortune, coat-of-arms and position. The count was the incarnation of -the "refugee." Exiled, either willingly or unwillingly, his banishment -made him weak of mind and body. He married Blanche-Henriette de -Lenoncourt, by whom he had two children, Jacques and Madeleine. On the -accession of the Bourbons he was breveted field-marshal, but did not -leave Clochegourde, a castle brought to him in his wife's dowry and -situated on the banks of the Indre and the Cher. [The Lily of the -Valley.] -</p> -<p> -MORTSAUF (Comtesse de),[*] wife of the preceding; born -Blanche-Henriette de Lenoncourt, of the "house of Lenoncourt-Givry, -fast becoming extinct," towards the first years of the Restoration; -was born after the death of three brothers, and thus had a sorrowful -childhood and youth; found a good foster-mother in her aunt, a -Blamont-Chauvry; and when married found her chief pleasure in the care -of her children. This feeling gave her the power to repress the love -which she felt for Felix de Vandenesse, but the effort which this hard -struggle caused her brought on a severe stomach disease of which she -died in 1820. [The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] Beauplan and Barriere presented a play at the Comedie-Francaise, - having for a heroine Madame de Mortsauf, June 14, 1853. -</pre> -<p> -MORTSAUF (Jacques de), elder child of the preceding couple, pupil of -Dominis, most delicate member of the family, died prematurely. With -his death the line of Lenoncourt-Givrys proper passed away, for he -would have been their heir. [The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -MORTSAUF (Madeleine de), sister of the preceding; after her mother's -death she would not receive Felix de Vandenesse, who had been Madame -de Mortsauf's lover. She became in time Duchesse de Lenoncourt-Givry -(See that name). [The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -MOUCHE, born in 1811, illegitimate son of one of Fourchon's natural -daughters and a soldier who died in Russia; was given a home, when an -orphan, by his maternal grandfather, whom he aided sometimes as -ropemaker's apprentice. About 1823, in the district of Ville-aux-Fayes, -Bourgogne, he profited by the credulity of the strangers whom he was -supposed to teach the art of hunting otter. Mouche's attitude and -conversation, as he came in the autumn of 1823 to the Aigues, -scandalized the Montcornets and their guests. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -MOUCHON, eldest of three brothers who lived in 1793 in the Bourgogne -valley of Avonne or Aigues; managed the estate of Ronquerolles; became -deputy of his division to the Convention; had a reputation for -uprightness; preserved the property and the life of the Ronquerolles; -died in the year 1804, leaving two daughters, Mesdames Gendrin and -Gaubertin. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -MOUCHON, brother of the preceding, had charge of the relay post-house -at Conches, Bourgogne; had a daughter who married the wealthy farmer -Guerbet; died in 1817. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -MOUGIN, born about 1805 in Toulouse, fifth of the Parisian -hair-dressers who, under the name of Marius, successively owned the -same business. In 1845, a wealthy married man of family, captain in -the Guard and decorated after 1832, an elector and eligible to office, -he had established himself on the Place de la Bourse as capillary -artist emeritus, where his praises were sung by Bixiou and Lora to -the wondering Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -MOUILLERON, king's attorney at Issoudun in 1822, cousin to every -person in the city during the quarrels between the Rouget and Bridau -families. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -MURAT (Joachim, Prince). In October, 1800, on the day in which -Bartolomeo de Piombo was presented by Lucien Bonaparte, he was, with -Lannes and Rapp, in the rooms of Bonaparte, the First Consul. He -became Grand Duke of Berg in 1806, the time of the well-known quarrel -between the Simeuses and Malin de Gondreville. Murat came to the -rescue of Colonel Chabert's cavalry regiment at the battle of Eylau, -February 7 and 8, 1807. "Oriental in tastes," he exhibited, even -before acceding to the throne of Naples in 1808, a foolish love of -luxury for a modern soldier. Twenty years later, during a village -celebration in Dauphine, Benassis and Genestas listened to the story -of Bonaparte, as told by a veteran, then became a laborer, who mingled -with his narrative a number of entertaining stories of the bold Murat. -[The Vendetta. The Gondreville Mystery. Colonel Chabert. Domestic -Peace. The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -MURET gave information about Jean-Joachim Goriot, his predecessor in -the manufacture of "pates alimentaires." [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -MUSSON, well-known hoaxer in the early part of the nineteenth century. -The policeman, Peyrade, imitated his craftiness in manner and disguise -twenty years later, while acting as an English nabob keeping Suzanne -Gaillard. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0017"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - N -</h2> -<p> -NANON, called Nanon the Great from her height (6 ft. 4 in.); born -about 1769. First she tended cows on a farm that she was forced to -leave after a fire; turned away on every side, because of her -appearance, which was repulsive, she became, about 1791, at the age of -twenty-two, a member of Felix Grandet's household at Saumur, where she -remained the rest of her life. She always showed gratitude to her -master for having taken her in. Brave, devoted and serious-minded, the -only servant of the miser, she received as wages for very hard service -only sixty francs a year. However, the accumulations of even so paltry -an income allowed her, in 1819, to make a life investment of four -thousand francs with Monsieur Cruchot. Nanon had also an annuity of -twelve hundred francs from Madame de Bonfons, lived near the daughter -of her former master, who was dead, and, about 1827, being almost -sixty years of age, married Antoine Cornoiller. With her husband, she -continued her work of devoted service to Eugenie de Bonfons. [Eugenie -Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -NAPOLITAS, in 1830, secretary of Bibi-Lupin, chief of the secret -police. Prison spy at the Conciergerie, he played the part of a son in -a family accused of forgery, in order to observe closely Jacques -Collin, who pretended to be Carlos Herrera. [Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] -</p> -<p> -NARZICOF (Princess), a Russian; had left to the merchant Fritot, -according to his own account, as payment for supplies, the carriage in -which Mistress Noswell, wrapped in the shawl called Selim, returned to -the Hotel Lawson. [Gaudissart II.] -</p> -<p> -NATHAN (Raoul), son of a Jew pawn-broker, who died in bankruptcy a -short while after marrying a Catholic, was for twenty-five years -(1820-45) one of the best known writers in Paris. Raoul Nathan touched -upon many branches: the journal, romance, poetry and the stage. In -1821, Dauriat published for him an imaginative work which Lucien de -Rubempre alternately praised and criticized. The harsh criticism was -meant for the publisher only. Nathan then put on the stage the "Alcade -dans l'Embarras"—a comedie called an "imbroglio" and presented at the -Panorama-Dramatique. He signed himself simply "Raoul"; he had as -collaborator Cursy—M. du Bruel. The play was a distinct success. -About the same time, he supplanted Lousteau, lover of Florine, one of -his leading actresses. About this time also Raoul was on terms of -intimacy with Emile Blondet, who wrote him a letter dated from Aigues -(Bourgogne) in which he described the Montcornets, and related their -local difficulties. Raoul Nathan, a member of all the giddy and -dissipated social circles, was with Giroudeau, Finot and Bixiou, a -witness of Philip Bridau's wedding to Madame J.-J. Rouget. He visited -Florentine Cabirolle, when the Marests and Oscar Husson were there, -and appeared often on the rue Saint-Georges, at the home of Esther van -Gobseck, who was already much visited by Blondet, Bixiou and Lousteau. -Raoul, at this time, was much occupied with the press, and made a -great parade of Royalism. The accession of Louis Philippe did not -diminish the extended circle of his relations. The Marquise d'Espard -received him. It was at her house that he heard evil reports of Diane -de Cadignan, greatly to the dissatisfaction of Daniel d'Arthez, also -present. Marie de Vandenesse, just married, noticed Nathan, who was -handsome by reason of an artistic, uncouth ugliness, and elegant -irregularity of features, and Raoul resolved to make the most of the -situation. Although turned Republican, he took very readily to the -idea of winning a lady of the aristocracy. The conquest of Madame the -Comtesse de Vandenesse would have revenged him for the contempt shown -him by Lady Dudley, but, fallen into the hands of usurers, fascinated -with Florine, living in pitiable style in a passage between the rue -Basse-du-Rempart and the rue Neuve-des-Mathurins, and being often -detained on the rue Feydau, in the offices of a paper he had founded, -Raoul failed in his scheme in connection with the countess, whom -Vandenesse even succeeded in restoring to his own affections, by very -skilful play with Florine. During the first years of Louis Philippe's -reign, Nathan presented a flaming and brilliant drama, the two -collaborators in which were Monsieur and Madame Marie Gaston, whose -names were indicated on the hand-bills by stars only. In his younger -days he had had a play of his put on at the Odeon, a romantic work -after the style of "Pinto,"[*] at a time when the classic was -dominant, and the stage had been so greatly stirred up for three days -that the play was prohibited. At another time he presented at the -Theatre-Francais a great drama that fell "with all the honors of war, -amid the roar of newspaper cannon." In the winter of 1837-38, Vanda de -Mergi read a new romance of Nathan's, entitled "La Perle de Dol." The -memory of his social intrigues still haunted Nathan when he returned -so reluctantly to M. de Clagny, who demanded it of him, a printed -note, announcing the birth of Melchior de la Baudraye, as follows: -"Madame la Baronne de la Baudraye is happily delivered of a child; M. -Etienne Lousteau has the honor of announcing it to you." Nathan sought -the society of Madame de la Baudraye, who got from him, in the rue de -Chartres-du-Roule, at the home of Beatrix de Rochefide, a certain -story, to be arranged as a novel, related more or less after the style -of Sainte-Beuve, concerning the Bohemians and their prince, Rusticoli -de la Palferine. Raoul cultivated likewise the society of the Marquise -de Rochefide, and, one evening of October, 1840, a proscenium box at -the Varietes was the means of bringing together Canalis, Nathan and -Beatrix. Received everywhere, perfectly at home in Marguerite -Turquet's boudoir, Raoul, as a member of a group composed of Bixiou, -La Palferine and Maitre Cardot, heard Maitre Desroches tell how -Cerizet made use of Antonia Chocardelle, to "get even" with Maxime de -Trailles. Nathan afterwards married his misress, Florine, whose maiden -name was really Sophie Grignault. [Lost Illusions. A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Secrets of a -Princess. A Daughter of Eve. Letters of Two Brides. The Seamy Side of -History. The Muse of the Department. A Prince of Bohemia. A Man of -Business, The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] A drama by Nepomucene Lemercier; according to Labitte, "the first - work of the renovated stage." -</pre> -<p> -NATHAN,[*] (Madame Raoul), wife of the preceding, born Sophie -Grignault, in 1805, in Bretagne. She was a perfect beauty, her foot -alone left something to be desired. When very young she tried the -double career of pleasure and the stage under the now famous name of -Florine. The details of her early life are rather obscure: Madame -Nathan, as supernumerary of the Gaite, had six lovers, before choosing -Etienne Lousteau in that relation in 1821. She was at that time -closely connected with Florentine Cabirolle, Claudine Chaffaroux, -Coralie and Marie Godeschal. She had also a supporter in Matifat, the -druggist, and lodged on the rue de Bondy, where, after a brilliant -success at the Panorama-Dramatique, with Coralie and Bouffe, she -received in maginficent style the diplomatists, Lucien de Rubempre, -Camusot and others. Florine soon made an advantageous change in lover, -home, theatre and protector; Nathan, whom she afterwards married, -supplanted Lousteau about the middle of Louis Philippe's reign. Her -home was on rue Hauteville intead of rue de Bondy; and she had moved -from the stage of the Panorama to that of the Gymnase. Having made an -engagement at the theatre of the Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle, she met -there her old rival, Coralie, against whom she organized a cabal; she -was distinguished for the brilliancy of her costumes, and brought into -her train of followers successively the opulent Dudley, Desire -Minoret, M. des Grassins, the banker of Saumur, and M. du Rouvre; she -even ruined the last two. Florine's fortune rose during the monarchy -of July. Her association with Nathan subserved, moreover, their mutual -interests; the poet won respect for the actress, who knew moreover how -to make herself formidable by her spirit of intrigue and the tartness -of her sallies of wit. Who did not know her mansion on the rue -Pigalle? Indeed, Madame Nathan was an intimate acquaintance of -Coralie, Esther la Torpille, Claudine du Bruel, Euphrasie, Aquilina, -Madame Theodore Gaillard, and Marie Godeschal; entertained Emile -Blondet, Andoche Finot, Etienne Lousteau, Felicien Vernou, Couture, -Bixiou, Rastignac, Vignon, F. du Tillet, Nucingen, and Conti. Her -apartments were embellished with the works of Bixiou, F. Souchet, -Joseph Bridau, and H. Schinner. Madame de Vandenesse, being somewhat -enamored of Nathan, would have destroyed these joys and this splendor, -without heeding the devotion of the writer's mistress, on the one -hand, or the interference of Vandenesse on the other. Florine, having -entirely won back Nathan, made no delay in marrying him. [The Muse of -the Department. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. -Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Government Clerks. A Bachelor's -Establishment. Ursule Mirouet. Eugenie Grandet. The Imaginary -Mistress. A Prince of Bohemia. A Daughter of Eve. The Unconscious -Humorists.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] On the stage of the Boulevard du Temple Madame Nathan (Florine) - henceforth made a salary of eight thousand francs. -</pre> -<p> -NAVARREINS (Duc de), born about 1767, son-in-law of the Prince de -Cadignan, through his first marriage; father of Antoinette de -Langeais, kinsman of Madame d'Espard, and cousin of Valentin; accused -of "haughtiness." He was patron of M. du Bruel—Cursy—on his entrance -into the government service; had a lawsuit against the hospitals, -which he entrusted to the care of Maitre Derville. He had Polydore de -la Baudraye dignified to the appointment of collector, in -consideration of his having released him from a debt contracted during -the emigration; held a family council with the Grandlieus and -Chaulieus when his daughter compromised her reputation by accepting an -invitation to the house of Montriveau; was the patron of Victurnien -d'Esgrignon; owned near Ville-aux-Fayes, in the sub-prefecture of -Auxerrois, extensive estates, which were respected by Montcornet's -enemies, the Gaubertins, the Rigous, the Soudrys, the Fourchons, and -the Tonsards; accompanied Madame d'Espard to the Opera ball, when -Jacques Collin and Lucien de Rubempre mystified the marchioness; for -five hundred thousand francs sold to the Graslins his estates and his -Montegnac forest, near Limoges; was an acquaintance of Foedora through -Valentin; was a visitor of the Princesse de Cadignan, after the death -of their common father-in-law, of whom he had little to make boast, -especially in matters of finance. The Duc de Navarrein's mansion at -Paris was on the rue du Bac. [A Bachelor's Establishment. The -Thirteen. Jealousies of a Country Town. The Peasantry. Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life. The Country Parson. The Magic Skin. The Gondreville -Mystery. The Secrets of a Princess. Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -NEGREPELISSE (De), a family dating back to the Crusades, already -famous in the times of Saint-Louis, the name of the younger branch of -the "renowned family" of Espard, borne during the restoration in -Angoumois, by M. de Bargeton's father-in-law, M. de Negrepelisse, an -imposing looking old country gentleman, and one of the last -representatives of the old French nobility, mayor of Escarbes, peer of -France, and commander of the Order of Saint-Louis. Negrepelisse -survived by several years his son-in-law, whom he took under his roof -when Anais de Bargeton went to Paris in the summer of 1821. [The -Commission in Lunacy. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] -</p> -<p> -NEGREPELISSE (Comte Clement de), born in 1812; cousin of the -preceding, who left him his title. He was the elder of the two -legitimate sons of the Marquis d'Espard. He studied at College Henri -IV., and lived in Paris, under their father's roof, on the rue de la -Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve. The Comte de Negrepelisse seldom visited -his mother, the Marquise d'Espard, who lived apart from her family in -the Faubourg Saint-Honore. [The Commission in Lunacy.] -</p> -<p> -NEGRO (Marquis di), a Genoese noble, "Knight Hospitaller endowed with -all known talents," was a visitor, in 1836, of the consul-general of -France, at Genoa, when Maurice de l'Hostal gave before Damaso Pareto, -Claude Vignon, Leon de Lora, and Felicite des Touches, a full account -of the separation, the reconciliation, and, in short, the whole -history of Octave de Bauvan and his wife. [Honorine.] -</p> -<p> -NEPOMUCENE, a foundling; servant-boy of Madame Vauthier, manager and -door-keeper of the house on the Boulevard Montparnasse, which was -occupied by the families of Bourlac and Mergi. Nepomucene usually wore -a ragged blouse and, instead of shoes, gaiters or wooden clogs. To his -work with Madame Vauthier was added daily work in the wood-yards of -the vicinity, and, on Sundays and Mondays, during the summer, he -worked also with the wine-merchants at the barrier. [The Seamy Side of -History.] -</p> -<p> -NERAUD, a physician at Provins during the Restoration. He ruined his -wife, who was the widow of a grocer named Auffray, and who had married -him for love. He survived her. Being a man of doubtful character and a -rival of Dr. Martener, Neraud attached himself to the party of Gouraud -and Vinet, who represented Liberal ideas; he failed to uphold -Pierrette Lorrain, the granddaughter of Auffray, against her -guardians, the Rogrons. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -NERAUD (Madame), wife of the preceding. Married first to Auffray, the -grocer, who was sixty years old; she was only thirty-eight at the -beginning of her widowhood; she married Dr. Neraud almost immediately -after the death of her first husband. By her first marriage she had a -daughter, who was the wife of Major Lorrain, and the mother of -Pierrette. Madame Neraud died of grief, amid squalid surroundings, two -years after her second marriage. The Rogrons, descended from old -Auffray by his first marriage, had stripped her of almost all she had. -[Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -NICOLAS. (See Montauran, Marquis de.) -</p> -<p> -NINETTE, born in 1832, "rat" at the Opera in Paris, was acquainted -with Leon de Lora and J.-J. Bixiou, who called Gazonal's attention to -her in 1845. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -NOLLAND (Abbe), the promising pupil of Abbe Roze. Concealed during the -Revolution at the house of M. de Negrepelisse, near Barbezieux, he had -in charge the education of Marie-Louise-Anais (afterwards Madame de -Bargeton), and taught her music, Italian and German. He died in 1802. -[Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -NISERON, curate of Blangy (Bourgogne) before the Revolution; -predecessor of Abbe Brossette in this curacy; uncle of Jean-Francois -Niseron. He was led by a childish but innocent indiscretion on the -part of his great-niece, as well as by the influence of Dom Rigou, to -disinherit the Niserons in the interests of the Mesdemoiselles -Pichard, house-keepers in his family. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -NISERON (Jean-Francois), beadle, sacristan, chorister, bell-ringer, -and grave-digger of the parish of Blangy (Bourgogne), during the -Restoration; nephew and only heir of Niseron the cure; born in 1751. -He was delighted at the Revolution, was the ideal type of the -Republican, a sort of Michel Chrestien of the fields; treated with -cold disdain the Pichard family, who took from him the inheritance, to -which he alone had any right; lived a life of poverty and -sequestration; was none the less respected; was of Montcornet's party -represented by Brossette; their opponent, Gregoire Rigou, felt for him -both esteem and fear. Jean-Francois Niseron lost, one after another, -his wife and his two children, and had by his side, in his old days, -only Genevieve, natural daughter of his deceased son, Auguste. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -NISERON (Auguste), son of the preceding; soldier of the Republic and -of the Empire; while an artilleryman in 1809, he seduced, at Zahara, a -young Montenegrin, Zena Kropoli, who died, at Vincennes, early in the -year 1810, leaving him an infant daughter. Thus he could not realize -his purpose of marrying her. He himself was killed, before Montereau, -during the year 1814, by the bursting of a shell. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -NISERON (Genevieve), natural daughter of the preceding and the -Montenegrin woman, Zena Kropoli; born in 1810, and named Genevieve -after a paternal aunt; an orphan from the age of four, she was reared -in Bourgogne by her grandfather, Jean-Francois Niseron. She had her -father's beauty and her mother's peculiarities. Her patronesses, -Madame Montcornet and Madame de Michaud, bestowed upon her the surname -Pechina, and, to guard her against Nicholas Tonsard's attentions, -placed her in a convent at Auxerre, where she might acquire skill in -sewing and forget Justin Michaud, whom she loved unconsciously. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -NOEL, book-keeper for Jean-Jules Popinot of Paris, in 1828, at the -time that the judge questioned the Marquis d'Espard, whose wife tried -to deprive him of the right to manage his property. [The Commission in -Lunacy.] -</p> -<p> -NOSWELL (Mistress), a rich and eccentric Englishwoman, who was in -Paris at the Hotel Lawson about the middle of Louis Philippe's reign; -after much mental debate she bought of Fritot the shawl called Selim, -which he said at first it was "impossible" for him to sell. -[Gaudissart II.] -</p> -<p> -NOUASTRE (Baron de), a refugee of the purest noble blood. A ruined -man, he returned to Alencon in 1800, with his daughter, who was -twenty-two years of age, and found a home with the Marquis -d'Esgrignon, and died of grief two months later. Shortly afterwards -the marquis married the orphan daughter. [Jealousies of a Country -Town.] -</p> -<p> -NOURRISSON (Madame), was formerly, under the Empire, attached to the -service of the Prince d'Ysembourg in Paris. The sight of the -disorderly life of a "great lady" of the times decided Madame -Nourrisson's profession. She set up shop as a dealer in old clothes, -and was also known as mistress of various houses of shame. Intimate -relations with Jacqueline Collin, continued for more than twenty -years, made this two-fold business profitable. The two matrons -willingly exchanged, at times, names and business signs, resources and -profits. It was in the old clothes shop, on the rue Neuve-Saint-Marc, -that Frederic de Nucingen bargained for Esther van Gobseck. Towards -the end of Charles X.'s reign, one of Madame Nourrisson's -establishments, on rue Saint-Barbe, was managed by La Gonore; in the -time of Louis Philippe another—a secret affair—existed at the -so-called "Pate des Italiens"; Valerie Marneffe and Wenceslas Steinbock -were once caught there together. Madame Nourrisson, first of the name, -evidently continued to conduct her business on the rue Saint-Marc, -since, in 1845, she narrated the minutiae of it to Madame Mahuchet -before an audience composed of the well-known trio, Bixiou, Lora and -Gazonal, and related to them her own history, disclosing to them the -secrets of her own long past beginnings in life. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life. Cousin Betty. The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -NOUVION (Comte de), a noble refugee, who had returned in utter -poverty; chevalier of the Order of Saint-Louis; lived in Paris in -1828, subsisting on the delicately disguised charity of his friend, -the Marquis d'Espard, who made him superintendent of the publication, -at No. 22 rue de la Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve, of the "Picturesque -History of China," and offered him a share in the possible profits of -the work. [The Commission in Lunacy.] -</p> -<p> -NOVERRE, a celebrated dancer, born in Paris 1727; died in 1807; was -the rather unreliable customer of Chevrel the draper, father-in-law -and predecessor of Guillaume at the Cat and Racket. [At the Sign of -the Cat and Racket.] -</p> -<p> -NUCINGEN (Baron Frederic de), born, probably at Strasbourg, about -1767. At that place he was formerly clerk to M. d'Aldrigger, an -Alsatian banker. Of better judgment than his employer, he did not -believe in the success of the Emperor in 1815 and speculated very -skilfully on the battle of Waterloo. Nucingen now carried on business -alone, and on his own account, in Paris and elsewhere; he thus -prepared by degrees the famous house of the rue Saint-Lazare, and laid -the foundation of a fortune, which, under Louis Philippe, reached -almost eighteen million francs. At this period he married one of the -two daughters of a rich vermicelli-maker, Mademoiselle Delphine -Goriot, by whom he had a daughter, Augusta, eventually the wife of -Eugene de Rastignac. From the first years of the Restoration may be -dated the real brilliancy of his career, the result of a combination -with the Kellers, Ferdinand du Tillet, and Eugene de Rastignac in the -successful manipulation of schemes in connection with the Wortschin -mines, followed by opportune assignments and adroitly managed cases of -bankruptcy. These various combinations ruined the Ragons, the -Aiglemonts, the Aldriggers, and the Beaudenords. At this time, too, -Nucingen, though clamorously declaring himself an out-and-out -Bourbonist, turned a deaf ear to Cesar Birotteau's appeals for credit, -in spite of knowing of the latter's consistent Royalism. There was a -time in the baron's life when he seemed to change his nature; it was -when, after giving up his hired dancer, he madly entered upon an amour -with Esther van Gobseck, alarmed his physician, Horace Bianchon, -employed Corentin, Georges, Louchard, and Peyrade, and became -especially the prey of Jacques Collin. After Esther's suicide, in May, -1830, Nuncingen abandoned "Cythera," as Chardin des Lupeaulx had done -before, and became again a man of figures, and was overwhelmed with -favors: insignia, the peerage, and the cross of grand officer of the -Legion of Honor. Nucingen, being respected and esteemed, in spite of -his blunt ways and his German accent, was a patron of Beaudenord, and -a frequent guest of Cointet, the minister; he went everywhere, and, at -the mansion of Mademoiselle des Touches, heard Marsay give an account -of some of his old love-affairs; witnessed, before Daniel d'Arthez, -the calumniation of Diane de Cadignan by every one present in Madame -d'Espard's parlor; guided Maxime de Trailles between the hands, or, -rather, the clutches of Claparon-Cerizet; accepted the invitation of -Josepha Mirah to her reception on the rue Ville-l'Eveque. When -Wenceslas Steinbock married Hortense Hulot, Nucingen and Cottin de -Wissembourg were the bride's witnesses. Furthermore, their father, -Hector Hulot d'Ervy, borrowed of him more than a hundred thousand -francs. The Baron de Nucingen acted as sponsor to Polydore de la -Baudraye when he was admitted to the French peerage. As a friend of -Ferdinand du Tillet, he was admitted on most intimate terms to the -boudoir of Carabine, and he was seen there, one evening in 1845, along -with Jenny Cadine, Gazonal, Bixiou, Leon de Lora, Massol, Claude -Vignon, Trailles, F. du Bruel, Vauvinet, Marguerite Turquet, and the -Gaillards of the rue Menars. [The Firm of Nucingen. Father Goriot. -Pierrette. Cesar Birotteau. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial -at Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Another Study of Woman. The -Secrets of a Princess. A Man of Business. Cousin Betty. The Muse of -the Department. The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -NUCINGEN (Baronne Delphine de), wife of the preceding, born in 1792, -of fair complexion; the spoiled daughter of the opulent -vermicelli-maker, Jean-Joachim Goriot; on the side of her mother, who -died young, the granddaughter of a farmer. In the latter period of the -Empire she contracted, greatly to her taste, a marriage for money. -Madame de Nucingen formerly had as her lover Henri de Marsay, who -finally abandoned her most cruelly. Reduced, at the time of Louis XVIII., -to the society of the Chaussee-d'Antin, she was ambitious to be admitted -to the Faubourg Saint-Germain, a circle of which her elder sister, -Madame de Restaud, was a member. Eugene de Rastignac opened to her the -parlor of Madame de Beauseant, his cousin, rue de Greville, in 1819, -and, at about the same time, became her lover. Their liaison lasted -more than fifteen years. An apartment on the rue d'Artois, fitted up -by Jean-Joachim Goriot, sheltered their early love. Having entrusted -to Rastignac a certain sum for play at the Palais-Royal, the baroness -was able with the proceeds to free herself of a humiliating debt to -Marsay. Meanwhile she lost her father. The Nucingen carriage, without -an occupant, however, followed the hearse. [Father Goriot.] Madame de -Nucingen entertained a great deal on the rue Saint-Lazare. It was -there that Auguste de Maulincour saw Clemence Desmarets, and Adolphe -des Grassins met Charles Grandet. [The Thirteen. Eugenie Grandet.] -Cesar Birotteau, on coming to beg credit of Nucingen, as also did -Rodolphe Castanier, immediately after his forgery, found themselves -face to face with the baroness. [Cesar Birotteau. Melmoth Reconciled.] -At this period, Madame de Nucingen took the box at the Opera which -Antoinette de Langeais had occupied, believing undoubtedly, said -Madame d'Espard, that she would inherit her charms, wit and success. -[Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. The Commission -in Lunacy.] According to Diane de Cadignan, Delphine had a horrible -journey when she went to Naples by sea, of which she brought back a -most painful reminder. The baroness showed a haughty and scornful -indulgence when her husband became enamored of Esther van Gobseck. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Forgetting her origin she dreamed of -seeing her daughter Augusta become Duchesse d'Herouville; but the -Herouvilles, knowing the muddy source of Nucingen's millions, declined -this alliance. [Modeste Mignon. The Firm of Nucingen.] Shortly after -the year 1830, the baroness was invited to the house of Felicite des -Touches, where she saw Marsay once more, and heard him give an account -of an old love-affair. [Another Study of woman.] Delphine aided Marie -de Vandenesse and Nathan to the extent of forty thousand francs during -the checkered course of their intrigues. She remembered indeed having -gone through similar experiences. [A Daughter of Eve.] About the -middle of the monarchy of July, Madame de Nucingen, as mother-in-law -of Eugene de Rastignac, visited Madame d'Espard and met Maxime de -Trailles and Ferdinand du Tillet in the Faubourg Saint-Germain. [The -Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -NUEIL (De), proprietor of the domain of the Manervilles, which, -doubtless, descended to the younger son, Gaston. [The Deserted Woman.] -</p> -<p> -NUEIL (Madame de), wife of the preceding, survived her husband, and -her eldest son, became the dowager Comtesse de Nueil, and afterwards -owned the domain of Manerville, to which she withdrew in retirement. -She was the type of the scheming mother, careful and correct, but -worldly. She matched off Gaston, and was thereby involuntarily the -cause of his death. [The Deserted Woman.] -</p> -<p> -NUEIL (De), eldest son of the preceding, died of consumption in the -reign of Louis XVIII., leaving the title of Comte de Nueil to his -younger brother, Baron Gaston. [The Deserted Woman.] -</p> -<p> -NUEIL (Gaston de), son of the Nueils and brother of the preceding, -born about 1799, of good extraction and with fortune suitable to his -rank. He went, in 1822, to Bayeux, where he had family connections, in -order to recuperate from the wearing fatigues of Parisian life; had an -opportunity to force open the closed door of Claire de Beauseant, who -had been living in retirement in that vicinity ever since the marriage -of Miguel d'Ajuda-Pinto to Berthe de Rochefide; he fell in love with -her, his love was reciprocated, and for nearly ten years he lived with -her as her husband in Normandie and Switzerland. Albert Savarus, in -his autobiographical novel, "L'Ambitieux par Amour," made a vague -reference to them as living together on the shore of Lake Geneva. -After the Revolution of 1830, Gaston de Nueil, already rich from his -Norman estates that afforded an income of eighteen thousand francs, -married Mademoiselle Stephanie de la Rodiere. Wearying of the marriage -tie, he wished to renew his former relations with Madame de Beauseant. -Exasperated by the haughty repulse at the hands of his former -mistress, Nueil killed himself. [The Deserted Woman. Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -NUEIL (Madame Gaston de), born Stephanie de la Rodiere, about 1812, a -very insignificant character, married, at the beginning of Louis -Philippe's reign, Gaston de Nueil, to whom she brought an income of -forty thousand francs a year. She was enceinte after the first month -of her marriage. Having become Countess de Nueil, by succession, upon -the death of her brother-in-law, and being deserted by Gaston, she -continued to live in Normandie. Madame Gaston de Nueil survived her -husband. [The Deserted Woman.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0018"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - O -</h2> -<p> -O'FLAHARTY (Major), maternal uncle of Raphael de Valentin, to whom he -bequeathed ten millions upon his death in Calcutta, August, 1828. [The -Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -OIGNARD, in 1806 was chief clerk to Maitre Bordin, a Parisian lawyer. -[A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -OLGA, daughter of the Topinards, born in 1840. She was not a -legitimate child, as her parents were not married at the time when -Schmucke saw her with them in 1846. He loved her for the beauty of her -light Teutonic hair. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -OLIVET, an Angouleme lawyer, succeeded by Petit-Claude. [Lost -Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -OLIVIER was in the service of the policeman, Corentin and Peyrade, -when they found the Hauteserres and the Simeuses with the Cinq-Cygne -family in 1803. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -OLIVIER (Monsieur and Madame), first in the employ of Charles X. as -outrider and laundress; had charge of three children, of whom the -eldest became an under notary's clerk; were finally, under Louis -Philippe, servants of the Marneffes and of Mademoiselle Fischer, to -whom, through craftiness or gratitude, they devoted themselves -exclusively. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -ORFANO (Duc d'), title of Marechal Cottin. -</p> -<p> -ORGEMONT (D'), wealthy and avaricious banker, proprietor at Fougeres, -bought the Abbaye de Juvigny's estate. He remained neutral during the -Chouan insurrection of 1799 and came into contact with Coupiau, -Galope-Chopine, and Mesdames du Gua-Saint-Cyr and de Montauran. [The -Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -ORGEMONT (D'), brother of the preceding, a Breton priest who took the -oath of allegiance. He died in 1795 and was buried in a secluded spot, -discovered and preserved by M. d'Orgemont, the banker, as a place of -hiding from the fury of the Vendeans. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -ORIGET, famous Tours physician; known to the Mortsaufs, chatelains of -Clochegourde. [The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -ORSONVAL (Madame d'), frequently visited the Cruchot and Grandet -families at Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -OSSIAN, valet in the service of Mougin, the well-known hair-dresser on -the Place de la Bourse, in 1845. Ossian's duty was to show the patrons -out, and in this capacity he attended Bixiou, Lora and Gazonal. [The -Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -OTTOBONI, an Italian conspirator who hid in Paris. In 1831, on dining -at the Giardinis on rue Froidmanteau, he became acquainted with the -Gambaras. [Gambara.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0019"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - P -</h2> -<p> -PACCARD, released convict, in Jacques Collin's clutches, well known as -a thief and drunkard. He was Prudence Servien's lover, and both were -employed by Esther van Gobseck at the same time, Paccard being a -footman; lived with a carriage-maker on rue de Provence, in 1829. -After stealing seven hundred and fifty thousand francs, which had been -left by Esther van Gobseck, he was obliged to give up seven hundred -and thirty thousand of them. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -PACCARD (Mademoiselle), sister of the preceding, in the power of -Jacqueline Collin. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -PALMA, Parisian banker of the Poissoniere suburbs; had, during the -regime of the Restoration and of July, great fame as a financier. He -was "private counsel for the Keller establishment." Birotteau, the -perfumer, at the time of his financial troubles, vainly asked him for -help. [The Firm of Nucingen. Cesar Birotteau.] With Werbrust as a -partner he dealt in discounts as shrewdly as did Gobseck and Bidault, -and thus was in a position to help Lucien de Rubempre. [Gobseck. Lost -Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] He was also M. -Werbrust's associate in the muslin, calico and oil-cloth establishment -at No. 5 rue du Sentier, when Maximilien was so friendly with the -Fontaines. [The Ball at Sceaux.] -</p> -<p> -PAMIERS (Vidame de), "oracle of Faubourg Saint-Germain at the time of -the Restoration," a member of the family council dealing with -Antoinette de Langeais, who was accused of compromising herself with -Montriveau. Past-commander of the Order of Malta, prominent in both -the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, old and confidential friend -of the Baronne de Maulincour. Pamiers reared the young Baron Auguste -de Maulincour, defending him with all his power against Bourignard's -hatred. [The Thirteen.] As a former intimate friend of the Marquis -d'Esgrignon, the vidame introduced the Vicomte d'Esgrignon—Victurnien -—to Diane de Maufrigneuse. An intimate friendship between the young -man and the future Princess de Cadignan was the result. [Jealousies of -a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -PANNIER, merchant and banker after 1794; treasurer of the "brigands"; -connected with the uprising of the Chauffeurs of Mortagne in 1809. -Having been condemned to twenty years of hard labor, Pannier was -branded and placed in the galleys. Appointed lieutenant-general under -Louis XVIII., he governed a royal castle. He died without children. -[The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -PARADIS, born in 1830; Maxime de Trailles' servant-boy or "tiger"; -quick and bold; made a tour, during the election period in the spring -of 1839, through the Arcis-sur-Aube district, with his master, meeting -Goulard, the sub-prefect, Poupart, the tavern-keeper, and the -Maufrigneuses and Mollots of Cinq-Cygne. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -PARQUOI (Francois), one of the Chouans, for whom Abbe Gudin held a -funeral mass in the heart of the forest, not far from Fougeres, in the -autumn of 1799. Francois Parquoi died, as did Nicolas Laferte, Joseph -Brouet and Sulpice Coupiau, of injuries received at the battle of La -Pelerine and at the siege of Fougeres. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -PASCAL, porter of the Thuilliers in the Place de la Madeleine house; -acted also as beadle at La Madeleine church. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -PASCAL (Abbe), chaplain at Limoges prison in 1829; gentle old man. He -tried vainly to obtain a confession from Jean-Francois Tascheron, who -had been imprisoned for robbery followed by murder. [The Country -Parson.] -</p> -<p> -PASTELOT, priest in 1845, in the Saint-Francois church in the Marais, -on the street now called rue Charlot; watched over the dead body of -Sylvain Pons. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -PASTUREAU (Jean Francois), in 1829, owner of an estate in Isere, the -value of which was said to have been impaired by the passing by of -Doctor Benassis' patients. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -PATRAT (Maitre), notary at Fougeres in 1799, an acquaintance of -D'Orgemont, the banker, and introduced to Marie de Verneuil by the old -miser. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -PATRIOTE, a monkey, which Marie de Verneuil, its owner, had taught to -counterfeit Danton. The craftiness of this animal reminded Marie of -Corentin. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -PAULINE, for a long time Julie d'Aiglemont's waiting-maid. [A Woman of -Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -PAULMIER, employed under the Restoration in the Ministry of Finance in -Isidore Baudoyer's bureau of Flamet de la Billardiere's division. -Paulmier was a bachelor, but quarreled continually with his married -colleague, Chazelles. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -PAZ (Thaddee), Polish descendant of a distinguished Florentine family, -the Pazzi, one of whose members had become a refugee in Poland. Living -contemporaneously with his fellow-citizen and friend, the Comte Adam -Mitgislas Laginski, like him Thaddee Paz fought for his country, later -on following him into exile in Paris, during the reign of Louis -Philippe. Bearing up bravely in his poverty, he was willing to become -steward to the count, and he made an able manager of the Laginski -mansion. He gave up this position, when, having become enamored of -Clementine Laginska, he saw that he could no longer control his -passion by means of a pretended mistress, Marguerite Turquet, the -horsewoman. Paz (pronounced Pac), who had willingly assumed the title -of captain, had seen the Steinbocks married. His departure from France -was only feigned, and he once more saw the Comtesse Laginska, during -the winter of 1842. At Rusticoli he took her away from La Palferine, -who was on the point of carrying her away. [The Imaginary Mistress. -Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -PECHINA (La), nick-name of Genevieve Niseron. -</p> -<p> -PEDEROTTI (Signor), father of Madame Maurice de l'Hostal. He was a -Genoa banker; gave his only daughter a dowry of a million; married her -to the French consul, and left her, on dying six months later in -January, 1831, a fortune made in grain and amounting to two millions. -Pederotti had been made count by the King of Sardinia, but, as he left -no male heir, the title became extinct. [Honorine.] -</p> -<p> -PELLETIER, one of Benassis' patients in Isere, who died in 1829, was -buried on the same day as the last "cretin," which had been kept on -account of popular superstition. Pelletier left a wife, who saw -Genestas, and several children, of whom the eldest, Jacques, was born -about 1807. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -PEN-HOEL (Jacqueline de), of a very old Breton family, lived at -Guerande, where she was born about 1780. Sister-in-law of the -Kergarouets of Nantes, the patrons of Major Brigaut, who, despite the -displeasure of the people, did not themselves hesitate to assume the -name of Pen-Hoel. Jacqueline protected the daughters of her younger -sister, the Vicomtesse de Kergarouet. She was especially attracted to -her eldest niece, Charlotte, to whom she intended to give a dowry, as -she desired the girl to marry Calyste du Guenic, who was in love with -Felicite des Touches. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -PEROUX (Abbe), brother of Madame Julliard; vicar of Provins during the -Restoration. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -PERRACHE, small hunchback, shoemaker by trade, and, in 1840, porter in -a house belonging to Corentin on rue Honore-Chevalier, Paris. [The -Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -PERRACHE (Madame), wife of the preceding, often visited Madame -Cardinal, niece of Toupillier, one of Corentin's renters. [The Middle -Classes.] -</p> -<p> -PERRET, with his partner, Grosstete, preceded Pierre Graslin in a -banking-house at Limoges, in the early part of the nineteenth century. -[The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -PERRET (Madame), wife of the preceding, an old woman in 1829, -disturbed herself, as did every one in Limoges, over the assassination -committed by Jean-Francois Tascheron. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -PERROTET, in 1819, laborer on Felix Grandet's farm in the suburbs of -Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -PETIT-CLAUD, son of a very poor tailor of L'Houmeau, a suburb of -Angouleme, where he pursued his studies in the town lyceum, becoming -acquainted at the same time with Lucien de Rubempre. He studied law at -Poitiers. On going back to the chief city of La Charente, he became -clerk to Maitre Olivet, an attorney whom he succeeded. Now began -Petit-Claud's period of revenge for the insults which his poverty and -homeliness had brought on. He met Cointet, the printer, and went into -his employ, although at the same time he feigned allegiance to the -younger Sechard, also a printer. This conduct paved the way for his -accession to the magistracy. He was in turn deputy and king's -procureur. Petit-Claud did not leave Angouleme, but made a profitable -marriage in 1822 with Mademoiselle Francoise de la Haye, natural -daughter of Francis du Hautoy and of Madame de Senonches. [Lost -Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -PETIT-CLAUD (Madame), wife of the preceding, natural daughter of -Francis du Hautoy and of Madame de Senonches; born Francoise de la -Haye, given into the keeping of old Madame Cointet; married through -the instrumentality of Madame Cointet's son, the printer, known as -Cointet the Great. Madame Petit-Claud, though insignificant and -forward, was provided with a very substantial dowry. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -PEYRADE, born about 1758 in Provence, Comtat, in a large family of -poor people who eked out a scant subsistence on a small estate called -Canquoelle. Peyrade, paternal uncle of Theodose de la Peyrade, was of -noble birth, but kept the fact secret. He went from Avignon to Paris -in 1776, where he entered the police force two years later. Lenoir -thought well of him. Peyrade's success in life was impaired only by -his immoralities; otherwise it would have been much more brilliant and -lasting. He had a genius for spying, also much executive ability. -Fouche employed him and Corentin in connection with the affair of -Gondreville's imaginary abduction. A kind of police ministry was given -to him in Holland. Louis XVIII. counseled with him and gave him -employment, but Charles X. held aloof from this shrewd employe. -Peyrade lived in poverty on rue des Moineaux with an adored daughter, -Lydie, the child of La Beaumesnil of the Comedie-Francaise. Certain -events brought him into the notice of Nucingen, who employed him in -the search for Esther Gobseck, at the same time warning him against -the courtesan's followers. The police department, having been told of -this arrangement by the so-called Abbe Carlos Herrera, would not -permit him to enter into the employ of a private individual. Despite -the protection of his friend, Corentin, and the talent as a policeman, -which he had shown under the assumed names of Canquoelle and -Saint-Germain, especially in connection with F. Gaudissart's seizure, -Peyrade failed in his struggle with Jacques Collin. His excellent -transformation into a nabob defender of Madame Theodore Gaillard made -the former convict so angry that, during the last years of the -Restoration, he took revenge on him by making away with him. Peyrade's -daughter was abducted and he died from the effects of poison. [The -Gondreville Mystery. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -PEYRADE (Lydie).[*] (See La Peyrade, Madame Theodose de.) -</p> -<pre> -[*] Under the title of "Lydie" a portion of the life of Peyrade's - daughter was used in a play presented at the Theatre des Nations, - now Theatre de Paris, but the author did not publish his play. -</pre> -<p> -PHELLION, born in 1780, husband of a La Perche woman, who bore him -three children, two of whom were sons, Felix and Marie-Theodore, and -one a daughter, who became Madame Burniol; clerk in the Ministry of -Finance, Xavier Rabourdin's bureau, division of Flamet de la -Billardiere, a position which he held until the close of 1824. He -upheld Rabourdin, who, in turn, often defended him. While living on -rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques near the Sourds-Muets, he taught -history, literature and elementary ethics to the students of -Mesdemoiselles La Grave. The Revolution of July did not affect him; -even his retirement from service did not cause him to give up the home -in which he remained for at least thirty years. He bought for eighteen -thousand francs a small house on Feuillantines lane, now rue des -Feuillantines, which he occupied, after he had improved it, in a -serious Bourgeois manner. Phellion was a major in the National Guard. -For the most part he still had the same friends, meeting and visiting -frequently Baudoyer, Dutocq, Fleury, Godard, Laudigeois, Rabourdin, -Madame Poiret the elder, and especially the Colleville, Thuillier and -Minard families. His leisure time was occupied with politics and art. -At the Odeon he was on a committee of classical reading. His political -influence and vote were sought by Theodose de la Peyrade in the -interest of Jerome Thuillier's candidacy for the General Council; for -Phellion favored another candidate, Horace Bianchon, relative of the -highly-honored J.-J. Popinot. [The Government Clerks. The Middle -Classes.] -</p> -<p> -PHELLION (Madame), wife of the preceding; belonged to a family who -lived in a western province. Her family being so large that the income -of more than nine thousand francs, pension and rentals, was -insufficient, she continued, under Louis Philippe, to give lessons in -harmony to Mesdemoiselles La Grave, as in the Restoration, with the -strictness observed in her every-day life. -</p> -<p> -PHELLION (Felix), eldest son of the preceding couple, born in 1817; -professor of mathematics in a Royal college at Paris, then a member of -the Academy of Sciences, and chevalier of the Legion of Honor. By his -remarkable works and his discovery of a star, he was thus made famous -before he was twenty-five years old, and married, after this fame had -come to him, Celeste-Louise-Caroline-Brigette Colleville, the sister -of one of his pupils and a woman for whom his love was so strong that -he gave up Voltairism for Catholicism. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -PHELLION (Madame Felix), wife of the preceding; born -Celeste-Louise-Caroline-Brigitte Colleville. Although M. and Madame -Colleville's daughter, she was reared almost entirely by the Thuilliers. -Indeed, M. L.-J. Thuillier, who had been one of Madame Flavie -Colleville's lovers, passed for Celeste's father. M., Madame and -Mademoiselle Thuillier were all determined to give her their Christian -names and to make up a large dowry for her. Olivier Vinet, Godeschal, -Theodose de la Peyrade, all wished to marry Mademoiselle Colleville. -Nevertheless, although she was a devoted Christian, she loved Felix -Phellion, the Voltairean, and married him after his conversion to -Catholicism. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -PHELLION (Marie-Theodore), Felix Phellion's younger brother, in 1840 -pupil at the Ecole des Ponts et Chaussees. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -PHILIPPART (Messieurs), owners of a porcelain manufactory at Limoges, -in which was employed Jean-Francois Tascheron, the murderer of Pingret -and Jeanne Malassis. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -PHILIPPE, employed in Madame Marie Gaston's family; formerly an -attendant of the Princesse de Vauremont; later became the Duc Henri de -Chaulieu's servant; finally entered Marie Gaston's household, where he -was employed after his wife's decease. [Letters of Two Brides. The -Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -PICHARD (Mademoiselle), house-keeper of Niseron, vicar of Blangy in -Bourgogne. Prior to 1789 she brought her niece, Mademoiselle Arsene -Pichard, to his house. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -PICHARD (Arsene), niece of the preceding. (See Rigou, Madame -Gregoire.) [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -PICOT (Nepomucene), astronomer and mathematician, friend of Biot after -1807, author of a "Treatise on Differential Logarithms," and -especially of a "Theory of Perpetual Motion," four volumes, quarto, -with engravings, Paris, 1825; lived, in 1840, No. 9 rue du -Val-de-Grace. Being very near-sighted and erratic, the prey of his -thieving servant, Madame Lambert, his family thought that he needed a -protector. Being instructor of Felix Phellion, with whom he took a -trip to England, Picot made known his pupil's great ability, which the -boy had modestly kept secret, at the home of the Thuilliers, Place de -la Madeleine, before an audience composed of the Collevilles, Minards -and Phellions. Celeste Colleville's future was thus determined. As -Picot was decorated late in life, his marriage to a wealthy and -eccentric Englishwoman of forty was correspondingly late. After -passing through a successful operation for a cancer, he returned "a -new man," to the home of the Thuilliers. He was led through gratitude -to leave to the Felix Phellions the wealth brought him by Madame -Picot. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -PICQUOISEAU (Comtesse), widow of a colonel. She and Madame de -Vaumerland boarded with one of Madame Vauquer's rivals, according to -Madame de l'Ambermesnil. [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -PIUS VII. (Barnabas Chiaramonti), lived from 1740 till 1823; pope. -Having been asked by letter in 1806, if a woman might go <i>decollete</i> -to the ball or to the theatre, without endangering her welfare, he -answered his correspondent, Madame Angelique de Granville, in a manner -befitting the gentle Fenelon. [A Second Home.] -</p> -<p> -PIEDEFER (Abraham), descendant of a middle class Calvinist family of -Sancerre, whose ancestors in the sixteenth century were skilled -workmen, and subsequently woolen-drapers; failed in business during -the reign of Louis XVI.; died about 1786, leaving two sons, Moise and -Silas, in poverty. [The Muse of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -PIEDEFER (Moise), elder son of the preceding, profited by the -Revolution in imitating his forefathers; tore down abbeys and -churches; married the only daughter of a Convention member who had -been guillotined, and by her had a child, Dinah, later Madame Milaud -de la Baudraye; compromised his fortune by his agricultural -speculations; died in 1819. [The Muse of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -PIEDEFER (Silas), son of Abraham Piedefer, and younger brother of the -preceding; did not receive, as did Moise Piedefer, his part of the -small paternal fortune; went to the Indies; died, about 1837, in New -York, with a fortune of twelve hundred thousand francs. This money was -inherited by his niece, Madame de la Baudraye, but was seized by her -husband. [The Muse of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -PIEDEFER (Madame Moise), sister-in-law of the preceding, unaffable and -excessively pious; pensioned by her son-in-law; lived successively in -Sancerre and at Paris with her daughter, Madame de la Baudraye, whom -she managed to separate from Etienne Lousteau. [The Muse of the -Department.] -</p> -<p> -PIERQUIN, born about 1786, successor to his father as notary in Douai; -distant cousin of the Molina-Claes of rue de Paris, through the -Pierquins of Antwerp; self-interested and positive by nature; aspired -to the hand of Marguerite Claes, eldest daughter of Balthazar, who -afterwards became Madame Emmanuel de Solis; finally married Felicie, a -younger sister of his first choice, in the second year of Charles X.'s -reign. [The Quest of the Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -PIERQUIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Felicie Claes, found, -as a young girl, a second mother in her elder sister, Marguerite. [The -Quest of the Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -PIERQUIN, brother-in-law of the preceding; physician who attended the -Claes at Douai. [The Quest of the Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -PIERROT, assumed name of Charles-Amedee-Louis-Joseph Rifoel, Chevalier -du Vissard. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -PIERROTIN, born in 1781. After having served in the cavalry, he left -the service in 1815 to succeed his father as manager of a stage-line -between Paris and Isle-Adam—an undertaking which, though only -moderately successful, finally flourished. One morning in the autumn -of 1822, he received as passengers, at the Lion d'Argent, some people, -either famous or of rising fame, the Comte Hugret de Serizy, Leon de -Lora and Joseph Bridau, and took them to Presles, a place near -Beaumont. Having become "coach-proprietor of Oise," in 1838 he married -his daughter, Georgette, to Oscar Husson, a high officer, who, upon -retiring, had been appointed to a collectorship in Beaumont, and who, -like the Canalises and the Moreaus, had for a long time been one of -Pierrotin's customers. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -PEITRO, Corsican servant of the Bartolomeo di Piombos, kinsmen of -Madame Luigi Porta. [The Vendetta.] -</p> -<p> -PIGEAU, during the Restoration, at one time head-carrier and -afterwards owner of a small house, which he had built with his own -hands and on a very economical basis, at Nanterre (between Paris and -Saint-Germain-in-Laye). [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -PIGEAU (Madame), wife of the preceding; belonged to a family of wine -merchants. After her husband's death, about the end of the -Restoration, she inherited a little property, which caused her much -unhappiness, in consequence of her avarice and distrust. Madame Pigeau -was planning to remove from Nanterre to Saint-Germain with a view to -living there on her annuity, when she was murdered with her servant -and her dogs, by Theodore Calvi, in the winter of 1828-29. [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -PIGERON, of Auxerre, was murdered, it is said, by his wife; be that as -it may, the autopsy, entrusted to Vermut, a druggist of Soulanges, in -Bourgogne, proved the use of poison. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -PIGOULT, was head clerk in the office where Malin de Gondreville and -Grevin studied pettifogging; was, about 1806, first justice of the -peace at Arcis, and then president of the tribunal of the same town, -at the time of the lawsuit in connection with the abduction of Malin, -when he and Grevin were the prosecuting attorneys. [The Gondreville -Mystery.] In the neighborhood of 1839, Pigoult was still living, -having his home in the ward. At that time he made public recognition -of Pantaleon, Marquis de Sallenauve, and supposed father of Charles -Dorlange, Comte de Sallenauve, thus serving the interests, or rather -the ambitions, of deputy. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -PIGOULT, son of the preceding, acquired the hat manufactory of Phileas -Beauvisage, made a failure of the undertaking, and committed suicide; -but appeared to have had a natural, though sudden, death. [The Member -for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -PIGOULT (Achille), son of the preceding and grandson of the next -preceding, born in 1801. A man of unattractive personality, but of -great intelligence, he supplanted Grevin, and, in 1819, was the -busiest notary of Arcis. Gondreville's influence, and his intimacy -with Beauvisage and Giguet, were the causes of his taking a prominent -part in the political contests of that period; he opposed Simon -Giguet's candidacy, and successfully supported the Comte de -Sallenauve. The introduction of the Marquis Pantaleon de Sallenauve to -old Pigoult was brought about through Achille Pigoult, and assured a -triumph for the sculptor, Sallenauve-Dorlange. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -PILLERAULT (Claude-Joseph), a very upright Parisian trader, proprietor -of the Cloche d'Or, a hardware establishment on the Quai de la -Ferraille; made a modest fortune, and retired from business in 1814. -After losing, one after another, his wife, his son, and an adopted -child, Pillerault devoted his life to his niece, -Constance-Barbe-Josephine, of whom he was guardian and only relative. -Pillerault lived on the rue des Bourdonnais, in 1818, occupying a small -apartment let to him by Camusot of the Cocon d'Or. During that period, -Pillerault was remarkable for the intelligence, energy and courage -displayed in connection with the unfortunate Birotteaus, who were -falling into bad repute. He found out Claparon, and terrified Molineux, -both enemies of the Birotteaus. Politics and the Cafe David, situated -between the rue de la Monnaie and the rue Saint-Honore, consumed the -leisure hours of Pillerault, who was a stoical and staunch Republican; -he was exceedingly considerate of Madame Vaillant, his house-keeper, -and treated Manuel, Foy, Perier, Lafayette and Courier as gods. [Cesar -Birotteau.] Pillerault lived to a very advanced age. The Anselme -Popinots, his grand-nephew and grand-niece, paid him a visit in 1844. -Poulain cured the old man of an illness when he was more than eighty -years of age; he then owned an establishment (rue de Normandie, in the -Marais), managed by the Cibots, and counting among its occupants the -Chapoulot family, Schmucke and Sylvain Pons. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -PILLERAULT (Constance-Barbe-Josephine). (See Birotteau, Madame Cesar.) -</p> -<p> -PIMENTEL (Marquis and Marquise de), enjoyed extended influence during -the Restoration, not only with the society element of Paris, but -especially in the department of Charente, where they spent their -summers. They were reputed to be the wealthiest land-owners around -Angouleme, were on intimate terms with their peers, the Rastignacs, -together with whom they composed the shining lights of the Bargeton -circle. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -PINAUD (Jacques), a "poor linen-merchant," the name under which M. -d'Orgemont, a wealthy broker of Fougeres, tried to conceal his -identity from the Chouans, in 1799, to avoid being a victim of their -robbery. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -PINGRET, uncle of Monsieur and Madame des Vauneaulx; a miser, who -lived in an isolated house in the Faubourg Saint-Etienne, near -Limoges; robbed and murdered, with his servant Jeanne Malassis, one -night in March, 1829, by Jean-Francois Tascheron. [The Country -Parson.] -</p> -<p> -PINSON, long a famous Parisian restaurant-keeper of the rue de -l'Ancienne-Comedie, at whose establishment Theodose de la Peyrade, -reduced, in the time of Louis Philippe, to the uttermost depths of -poverty, dined, at the expense of Cerizet and Dutocq, at a cost of -forty-seven francs; there also these three men concluded a compact to -further their mutual interests. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -PIOMBO (Baron Bartolomeo di), born in 1738, a fellow-countryman and -friend of Napoleon Bonaparte, whose mother he had protected during the -Corsican troubles. After a terrible vendetta, carried out in Corsica -against all the Portas except one, he had to leave his country, and -went in great poverty to Paris with his family. Through the -intercession of Lucien Bonaparte, he saw the First Consul (October, -1800) and obtained property, titles and employment. Piombo was not -without gratitude; the friend of Daru, Drouot, and Carnot, he gave -evidence of devotion to his benefactor until the latter's death. The -return of the Bourbons did not deprive him entirely of the resources -that he had acquired. For his Corsican property Bartolomeo received of -Madame Letitia Bonaparte a sum which allowed him to purchase and -occupy the Portenduere mansion. The marriage of his adored daughter, -Ginevra, who, against her father's will, became the wife of the last -of the Portas, was a source of vexation and grief to Piombo, that -nothing could diminish. [The Vendetta.] -</p> -<p> -PIOMBO (Baronne Elisa di), born in 1745, wife of the preceding and -mother of Madame Porta, was unable to obtain from Bartolomeo the -pardon of Ginevra, whom he would not see after her marriage. [The -Vendetta.] -</p> -<p> -PIOMBO (Ginevra di). (See Porta, Madame Luigi.) -</p> -<p> -PIOMBO (Gregorio di), brother of the preceding, and son of Bartolomeo -and Elisa di Piombo; died in his infancy, a victim of the Portas, in -the vendetta against the Piombos. [The Vendetta.] -</p> -<p> -PIQUETARD (Agathe). (See Hulot d'Ervy, Baronne Hector.) -</p> -<p> -PIQUOIZEAU, porter of Frederic de Nucingen, when Rodolphe Castanier -was cashier at the baron's bank. [Melmoth Reconciled.] -</p> -<p> -PLAISIR, an "illustrious hair-dresser" of Paris; in September, 1816, -on the rue Taitbout, he waited on Caroline Crochard de Bellefeuille, -at that time mistress of the Comte de Granville. [A Second Home.] -</p> -<p> -PLANCHETTE, an eminent professor of mechanics, consulted by Raphael de -Valentin on the subject of the wonderful piece of shagreen that the -young man had in his possession; he took him to Spieghalter, the -mechanician, and to Baron Japhet, the chemist, who tried in vain to -stretch this skin. The failure of science in this effort was a cause -of amazement to Planchette and Japhet. "They were like Christians come -from the tomb without finding a God in heaven." Planchette was a tall, -thin man, and a sort of poet always in deep contemplation. [The Magic -Skin.] -</p> -<p> -PLANTIN, a Parisian publicist, was, in 1834, editor of a review, and -aspired to the position of master of requests in the Council of State, -when Blondet recommended him to Raoul Nathan, who was starting a great -newspaper. [A Daughter of Eve.] -</p> -<p> -PLISSOUD, like Brunet, court-crier at Soulanges (Bourgogne), and -afterwards Brunet's unfortunate competitor. He belonged, during the -Restoration, to the "second" society of his village, witnessed his -exclusion from the "first" by reason of the misconduct of his wife, -who was born Euphemie Wattebled. Being a gambler and a drinker, -Plissoud did not save any money; for, though he was appointed to many -offices, they were all lacking in lucrativeness; he was insurance -agent, as well as agent for a society that insured against the chances -for conscription. Being an enemy of Soudry's party, Maitre Plissoud -might readily have served, especially for pecuniary considerations, -the interests of Montcornet, proprietor at Aigues. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -PLISSOUD (Madame Euphemie), wife of the preceding and daughter of -Wattebled; ruled the "second" society of Soulanges, as Madame Soudry -did the first, and though married to Plissoud, lived with Lupin as if -she were his wife. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -POIDEVIN, was, in the month of November, 1806, second clerk of Maitre -Bordin, a Paris attorney. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -POINCET, an old and unfortunate public scribe, and interpreter at the -Palais de Justice of Paris; about 1815, he went with Christemio to see -Henri de Marsay, in order to translate the words of the messenger of -Paquita Valdes. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -POIREL (Abbe), a priest of Tours; advanced to the canonry at the time -that Monsieur Troubert and Mademoiselle Gamard persecuted Abbe -Francois Birotteau. [The Vicar of Tours.] -</p> -<p> -POIRET, the elder, born at Troyes. He was the son of a clerk and of a -woman whose wicked ways were notorious and who died in a hospital. -Going to Paris with a younger brother, they became clerks in the -Department of Finance under Robert Lindet; there he met Antoine, the -office boy; he left the department, in 1816, with a retiring pension, -and was replaced by Saillard. [The Government Clerks.] Afflicted with -cretinism he remained a bachelor because of the horror inspired by the -memory of his mother's immoral life; he was a confirmed <i>idemiste</i>, -repeating, with slight variation, the words of those with whom he was -conversing. Poiret established himself on the rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve, -at Madame Vauquer's private boarding-house; he occupied the second story -at the widow's house, became intimate with Christine-Michelle Michonneau -and married her, when Horace Bianchon demanded the exclusion of this -young woman from the house for denouncing Jacques Collin (1819). [Father -Goriot.] Poiret often afterwards met M. Clapart, an old comrade whom he -had found again on the rue de la Cerisaie; had apartments on the rue des -Poules and lost his health. [A Start in Life. Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] He died during the reign of Louis Philippe. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -POIRET (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Christine-Michelle -Michonneau, in 1779, doubtless had a stormy youth. Pretending to have -been persecuted by the heirs of a rich old man for whom she had cared, -Christine-Michelle Michonneau went, during the Restoration, to board -with Madame Vauquer, the third floor of the house on rue -Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve; made Poiret her squire; made a deal with -Bibi-Lupin—Gondureau—to betray Jacques Collin, one of Madame Vauquer's -guests. Having thus sated her cupidity and her bitter feelings, -Mademoiselle Michonneau was forced to leave the house on rue -Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve, at the formal demand of Bianchon, another of the -guests. [Father Goriot.] Accompanied by Poiret, whom she afterwards -married, she moved to the rue des Poules and rented furnished rooms. -Being summoned before the examining magistrate Camusot (May, 1830), she -recognized Jacques Collin in the pseudo Abbe Carlos Herrera. [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life.] Ten years later, Madame Poiret, now a widow, -was living on a corner of the rue des Postes, and numbered Cerizet -among her lodgers. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -POIRET, the younger, brother of Poiret the elder, and brother-in-law -of the preceding, born in 1771; had the same start, the same -instincts, and the same weakness of intellect as the elder; ran the -same career, overwhelmed with work under Lindet; remained at the -Treasury as copying clerk ten years longer than Poiret the elder, was -also book-keeper for two merchants, one of whom was Camusot of the -Cocon d'Or; he lived on the rue du Martroi; dined regularly at the -Veau qui Tette, on the Place du Chatelet; bought his hats of Tournan, -on rue Saint-Martin; and, a victim of J.-J. Bixiou's practical jokes, -he wound up by being business clerk in the office of Xavier Rabourdin. -Being retired on January 1, 1825, Poiret the younger counted on living -at Madame Vauquer's boarding-house. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -POLISSARD, appraiser of the wood of the Ronquerolles estate in 1821; -at this time, probably on the recommendation of Gaubertin, he employed -as agent for the wood-merchant, Vaudoyer, a peasant of Ronquerolles, -who had shortly before been discharged from the post of forest-keeper -of Blangy (Bourgogne). [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -POLLET, book-publisher in Paris, in 1821; a rival of Doguereau; -published "Leonide ou La Vieille de Suresnes," a romance by Victor -Ducange; had business relations with Porchon and Vidal; was at their -establishment, when Lucien de Rubempre presented to them his "Archer -de Charles IX." [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -POMBRETON (Marquis de), a genuine anomaly; lieutenant of the black -musketeers under the old regime, friend of the Chevalier de Valois, -who prided himself on having lent him for assistance in leaving the -country, twelve hundred pistoles. Pombreton returned this loan -afterwards, almost beyond a question of doubt, but the fact of the -case always remained unknown, for M. de Valois, an unusually -successful gamester, was interested in spreading a report of the -return of this loan, to shadow the resources that he derived from the -gaming table; and so five years later, about 1821, Etienne Lousteau -declared that the Pombreton succession and the Maubreuil[*] affair -were among the most profitable "stereotypes" of journalism. Finally, -Le Courrier de l'Orne of M. du Bousquier published, about 1830, these -lines: "A certificate for an income of a thousand francs a year will -be awarded to the person who can show the existence of a M. de -Pombreton before, during, or after the emigration." [Lost Illusions. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] Maubreuil died at the end of the Second Empire. -</pre> -<p> -POMPONNE (La). (See Toupinet, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -PONS (Sylvain)[*], born about 1785; son of the old age of Monsieur and -Madame Pons, who, before 1789, founded the famous Parisian house for -the embroidery of uniforms that was bought, in 1815, by M. Rivet, -first cousin of the first Madame Camusot of the Cocon d'Or, sole heir -of the famous Pons brothers, embroiderers to the Court; under the -Empire, he won the Prix de Rome for musical composition, returned to -Paris about 1810, and was for many years famous for his romances and -melodies which were full of delicacy and good taste. From his stay in -Italy, Pons brought back the tastes of the bibliomaniac and a love for -works of art. His passion for collecting consumed almost his entire -patrimony. Pons became Sauvageot's rival. Monistrol and Elie Magus -felt a hidden but envious appreciation of the artistic treasures -ingeniously and economically collected by the musician. Being ignorant -of the rare value of his museum, he went from house to house, giving -private lessons in harmony. This lack of knowledge proved his ruin -afterwards, for he became all the more fond of paintings, stones and -furniture, as lyric glory was denied him, and his ugliness, coupled -with his supposed poverty, kept him from getting married. The -pleasures of a gourmand replaced those of the lover; he likewise found -some consolation for his isolation in his friendship with Schmucke. -Pons suffered from his taste for high living; he grew old, like a -parasitic plant, outside the circle of his family, only tolerated by -his distant cousins, the Camusot de Marvilles, and their connections, -Cardot, Berthier and Popinot. In 1834, at the awarding of the prize to -the young ladies of a boarding-school, he met the pianist Schmucke, a -teacher as well as himself, and in the strong intimacy that grew up -between them, he found some compensation for the blighted hopes of his -existence. Sylvain Pons was director of the orchestra at the theatre -of which Felix Gaudissart was manager during the monarchy of July. He -had Schmucke admitted there, with whom he passed several happy years, -in a house, on the rue de Normandie, belonging to C.-J. Pillerault. -The bitterness of Madeleine Vivet and Amelie Camusot de Marville, and -the covetousness of Madame Cibot, the door-keeper, and Fraisier, -Magus, Poulain and Remonencq were perhaps the indirect causes of the -case of hepatitis of which Pons died (in April, 1845), appointing -Schmucke his residuary legatee before Maitre Leopold Hannequin, who -had been hastily summoned by Heloise Brisetout. Pons was on the point -of being employed to compose a piece of ballet music, entitled "Les -Mohicans." This work most likely fell to his successor, Garangeot. -[Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] M. Alphonse de Launay has derived from the life of Sylvain Pons a - drama that was presented at the Cluny theatre, Paris, about 1873. -</pre> -<p> -POPINOT, alderman of Sancerre in the eighteenth century; father of -Jean-Jules Popinot and Madame Ragon (born Popinot). He was the officer -whose portrait, painted by Latour, adorned the walls of Madame Ragon's -parlor, during the Restoration, at her home in the Quartier -Saint-Sulpice, Paris. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -POPINOT (Jean-Jules), son of the preceding, brother of Madame Ragon, -and husband of Mademoiselle Bianchon—of Sancerre—embraced the -profession of law, but did not attain promptly the rank which his -powers and integrity deserved. Jean-Jules Popinot remained for a long -time a judge of a lower court in Paris. He took a deep interest in the -fate of the young orphan Anselme Popinot, his nephew, and a clerk of -Cesar Birotteau; and was invited with Madame Jean-Jules Popinot to the -perfumer's famous ball, on Sunday, December 17, 1818. Nearly eighteen -months later, Jean-Jules Popinot once more saw Anselme, who was set up -as a druggist on the rue des Cinq-Diamants, and met Felix Gaudissart, -the commercial-traveler, and tried to excuse certain imprudent -utterances of his on the political situation, that had been reported -by Canquoelle-Peyrade, the police-agent. [Cesar Birotteau.] Three -years later he lost his wife, who had brought him, for dowry, an -income of six thousand francs, representing exactly twice his personal -assets. Living from this time at the rue de Fouarre, Popinot was able -to give free rein to the exercise of charity, a virtue that had become -a passion with him. At the urgent instance of Octave de Bauvan, -Jean-Jules Popinot, in order to aid Honorine, the Count's wife, sent -her a pretended commission-merchant, probably Felix Gaudissart, -offering a more than generous price for the flowers she made. -[Honorine.] Jean-Jules Popinot eventually established a sort of -benevolent agency. Lavienne, his servant, and Horace Bianchon, his -wife's nephew aided him. He relieved Madame Toupinet, a poor woman on -the rue du Petit-Banquier, from want (1828). Madame d'Espard's request -for a guardian for her husband served to divert Popinot from his role -of Saint Vincent de Paul; a man of rare delicacy hidden beneath a rough -and uncultured exterior, he immediately discovered the injustice of the -wrongs alleged by the marchioness, and recognized the real victim in -M. d'Espard, when he cross-questioned him at No. 22 rue de la -Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve, in an apartment, the good management of -which he seemed to envy, though the rooms were simply furnished, and -in striking contrast with the splendor of which he had been a witness, -at the home of the marchioness in the Faubourg Saint-Honore. A delay -caused by a cold in the head, and especially the influence of Madame -d'Espard's intrigues, removed Popinot from the cause, in which Camusot -was substituted. [The Commission in Lunacy.] We have varying accounts -of Jean-Jules Popinot's last years. Madame de la Chanterie's circle -mourned the death of the judge in 1833 [The Seamy Side of History.] -and Phellion in 1840. J.-J. Popinot probably died at No. 22 rue de la -Montagne-Saint-Genevieve, in the apartment that he had already -coveted, being a counselor to the court, municipal counselor of Paris, -and a member of the General Council of the Seine. [The Middle -Classes.] -</p> -<p> -POPINOT (Anselme), a poor orphan, and nephew of the preceding and of -Madame Ragon (born Popinot), who took charge of him in his infancy. -Small of stature, red-haired, and lame, he gladly became clerk to -Cesar Birotteau, the Paris perfumer of the Reine des Roses, the -successor of Ragon, with whom he did a great deal of work, in order to -be able to show appreciation for the favor shown a part of his family, -that was well-nigh ruined as a result of some bad investments (the -Wortschin mines, 1818-19). Anselme Popinot, being secretly in love -with Cesarine Birotteau, his employer's daughter—the feeling being -reciprocated, moreover—brought about, so far as his means allowed, -the rehabilitation of Cesar, thanks to the profits of his drug -business, established on the rue des Cinq-Diamants, between 1819 and -1820. The beginning of his great fortune and of his domestic happiness -dated from this time. [Cesar Birotteau.] After Birotteau's death, -about 1822, Popinot married Mademoiselle Birotteau, by whom he had -three children, two sons and a daughter. The consequences of the -Revolution of 1830 brought Anselme Popinot in the way of power and -honors; he was twice deputy after the beginning of Louis Philippe's -reign, and was also minister of commerce. [Gaudissart the Great.] -Anselme Popinot, twice secretary of state, had finally been made a -count, and a peer of France. He owned a mansion on the rue Basse du -Rempart. In 1834 he rewarded Felix Gaudissart for services formerly -rendered on the rue des Cinq-Diamants, and entrusted to him the -management of a boulevard theatre, where the opera, the drama, the -fairy spectacle, and the ballet took turn and turn. [Cousin Pons.] -Four years later the Comte Popinot, again minister of commerce and -agriculture, a lover of the arts and one who gladly acted the part of -the refined Maecenas, bought for two thousand francs a copy of -Steinbock's "Groupe de Samson" and stipulated that the mould should be -destroyed that there might be only two copies, his own and the one -belonging to Mademoiselle Hortense Hulot, the artist's fiancee. When -Wenceslas married Mademoiselle Hulot, Popinot and Eugene de Rastignac -were the Pole's witnesses. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -POPINOT (Madame Anselme), wife of the preceding, born Cesarine -Birotteau, in 1801. Beautiful and attractive though, at one time, -almost promised to Alexandre Crottat, she married, about 1822, Anselme -Popinot, whom she loved and by whom she was loved. [Cesar Biroteau.] -After her marriage, though in the midst of splendor, she remained the -simple, open, and even artless character that she was in the modest -days of her youth.[*] The transformation of the dancer Claudine du -Bruel, the whilom Tullia of the Royal Academy of Music, to a moral -bourgeois matron, surprised Madame Anselme, who became intimate with -her. [A Prince of Bohemia.] The Comtesse Popinot rendered aid, in a -delicate way, in 1841, to Adeline Hulot d'Ervy. Her influence with -that of Mesdames de Rastignac, de Navarreins, d'Espard, de Grandlieu, -de Carigliano, de Lenoncourt, and de la Bastie, procured Adeline's -appointment as salaried inspector of charities. [Cousin Betty.] Three -years later when one of her three children married Mademoiselle -Camusot de Marville, Madame Popinot, although she appeared at the most -exclusive social gatherings, imitated modest Anselme, and, unlike -Amelie Camusot, received Pons, a tenant of her maternal great-uncle, -C.-J. Pillerault. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] In 1838, the little theatre Pantheon, destroyed in 1846, gave a - vaudeville play, by M. Eugene Cormon, entitled "Cesar Birotteau," - of which Madame Anselme Popinot was one of the heroines. -</pre> -<p> -POPINOT (Vicomte), the eldest of the three children of the preceding -couple, married, in 1845, Cecile Camusot de Marville. [Cousin Pons.] -During the course of the year 1846, he questioned Victorin Hulot about -the remarkable second marriage of Baron Hector Hulot d'Ervy, which was -solemnized on the first of February of that year. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -POPINOT (Vicomtesse), wife of the preceding; born Cecile Camusot in -1821, before the name Marville was added to Camusot through the -acquisition of a Norman estate. Red-haired and insignificant looking, -but very pretentious, she persecuted her distant kinsman Pons, from -whom she afterwards inherited; from lack of sufficient fortune she -failed of more than one marriage, and was treated with scorn by the -wealthy Frederic Brunner, especially because of her being an only -daughter and the spoiled child. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -POPINOT-CHANDIER (Madame and Mademoiselle), mother and daughter; of -the family of Madame Boirouge; hailing from Sancerre; frequent -visitors of Madame de la Baudraye, whose superiority of manner they -ridiculed in genuine bourgeois fashion. [The Muse of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -PORCHON. (See Vidal.) -</p> -<p> -PORRABERIL (Euphemie). (See San-Real, Marquise de.) -</p> -<p> -PORRIQUET, an elderly student of the classics, was teacher of Raphael -de Valentin, whom he had as a pupil in the sixth class, in the third -class, and in rhetoric. Retired from the university without a pension -after the Revolution of July, on suspicion of Carlism, seventy years -of age, without means, and with a nephew whose expenses he was paying -at the seminary of Saint-Sulpice, he went to solicit the aid of his -dear "foster-child," to obtain the position of principal of a -provincial school, and suffered rough treatment at the hands of the -<i>carus alumnus</i>, every act of whose shortened Valentin's existence. -[The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -PORTA (Luigi), born in 1793, strikingly like his sister Nina. He was -the last member that remained, at the beginning of the nineteenth -century, of the Corsican family of Porta, by reason of a bloody -vendetta between his kinspeople and the Piombos. Luigi Porta alone was -saved, by Elisa Vanni, according to Giacomo; he lived at Genoa, where -he enlisted, and found himself, when quite young, in the affair of the -Beresina. Under the Restoration he was already an officer of high -rank; he put an end to his military career and was hunted by the -authorities at the same time as Labedoyere. Luiga Porta found Paris a -safe place of refuge. Servin, the Bonapartist painter, who had opened -a studio of drawing, where he taught his art to young ladies, -concealed the officer. One of his pupils, Ginevra di Piombo, -discovered the outlaw's hiding-place, aided him, fell in love with -him, made him fall in love with her, and married him, despite the -opposition of her father, Bartolomeo di Piombo. Luigi Porta chose as a -witness, when he was married, his former comrade, Louis Vergniaud, -also known to Hyacinthe Chabert. He lived from hand to mouth by doing -secretary's work, lost his wife, and, crushed by poverty, went to tell -the Piombos of her death. He died almost immediately after her (1820). -[The Vendetta.] -</p> -<p> -PORTA (Madame Luigi), wife of the preceding, born Ginevra di Piombo -about 1790; shared, in Corsica as in Paris, the stormy life of her -father and mother, whose adored child she was. In Servin's, the -painter's studio, where with her talent she shone above the whole -class, Ginevra knew Mesdames Tiphaine and Camusot de Marville, at that -time Mesdemoiselles Roguin and Thirion. Defended by Laure alone, she -endured the cruelly planned persecution of Amelie Thirion, a Royalist, -and an envious woman, especially when the favorite drawing pupil -discovered and aided Luigi Porta, whom she married shortly afterwards, -against the will of Bartolomeo di Piombo. Madame Porta lived most -wretchedly; she resorted to Magus to dispose of copies of paintings at -a meagre price; brought a son into the world, Barthelemy; could not -nurse him, lost him, and died of grief and exhaustion in the year -1820. [The Vendetta.] -</p> -<p> -PORTAIL (Du), name assumed by Corentin, when as "prefect of secret -police of diplomacy and political affairs," he lived on the rue -Honore-Chevalier, in the reign of Louis Philippe. [The Government -Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -PORTENDUERE (Comte Luc-Savinien de), grandson of Admiral de -Portenduere, born about 1788, represented the elder branch of the -Portendueres, of whom Madame de Portenduere and her son Savinien -represented the younger branch. Under the Restoration, being the -husband of a rich wife, the father of three children and member for -Isere, he lived, according to the season of the year, in the chateau -of Portenduere or the Portenduere mansion, which were situated, the -one in Dauphine, and the other in Paris, and extended no aid to the -Vicomte Savinien, though he was harassed by his creditors. [Ursule -Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -PORTENDUERE (Madame de,) born Kergarouet, a Breton, proud of her noble -descent and of her race. She married a post-captain, nephew of the -famous Admiral de Portenduere, the rival of the Suffrens, the -Kergarouets, and the Simeuses; bore him a son, Savinien; she survived -her husband; was on intimate terms with the Rouvres, her country -neighbors; for, having but little means, she lived, during the -Restoration, in the little village of Nemours, on the rue des -Bourgeois, where Denis Minoret was domiciled. Savinien's prodigal -dissipation and the long opposition to his marriage to Ursule Mirouet -saddened, or at least distrubed, Madame de Portenduere's last days. -[Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -PORTENDUERE (Vicomte Savinien de), son of preceding, born in 1806; -cousin of the Comte de Portenduere, who was descended from the famous -admiral of this name, and great nephew of Vice-Admiral Kergarouet. -During the Restoration he left the little town of Nemours and his -mother's society to go and try the life in Paris, where, in spite of -his relationship with the Fontaines, he fell in love with Emilie de -Fontaine, who did not reciprocate his love, but married first Admiral -de Kergarouet, and afterwards the Marquis de Vandenesse. [The Ball at -Sceaux.] Savinien also became enamored of Leontine de Serizy; was on -intimate terms with Marsay, Rastignac, Rubempre, Maxime de Trailles, -Blondet and Finot; soon lost a considerable sum of money, and, laden -with debts, became a boarder at Sainte-Pelagie; he then received -Marsay, Rastignac and Rubempre, the latter wishing to relieve his -distress, much to the amusement of Florine, afterwards Madame Nathan. -[Secrets from a Courtesan's Life.] Urged by Ursule Mirouet, his ward, -Denis Minoret, who was one of Savinien's neighbors at Nemours, raised -the sum necessary to liquidate young Portenduere's debt, and freed him -of its burden. The viscount enlisted in the marine service, and -retired with the rank and insignia of an ensign, two years after the -Revolution of July, and five years before being able to marry Ursule -Mirouet. [Ursule Mirouet.] The Vicomte and Vicomtesse de Portenduere -made a charming couple, recalling two other happy families of Paris, -the Langinskis and the Ernest de la Basties. In 1840 they lived on the -Rue Saint-Peres, became the intimate friends of the Calyste du -Guenics, and shared their box at the Italiens. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -PORTENDUERE (Vicomtesse Savinien de), wife of the preceding, born in -1814. The orphan daughter of an unfortunate artist, Joseph Mirouet, -the military musician, and Dinah Grollman, a German; natural -granddaughter of Valentine Mirouet, the famous harpsichordist, and -consequently niece of the rich Dr. Denis Minoret; she was adopted by -the last named, and became his ward, so much the more adored as, in -appearance and character, she recalled Madame Denis Minoret, deceased. -Ursule's girlhood and youth, passed at Nemours, were marked -alternately by joy and bitterness. Her guardian's servants, as well as -his intimate friends, overwhelmed her with indications of interest. A -distinguished performer, the future viscountess received lessons in -harmony from Schmucke, the pianist, who was summoned from Paris. Being -of a religious nature, she converted Denis Minoret, who was an -adherent of Voltaire's teachings; but the influence she acquired over -him called forth against the young girl the fierce animosity of -Minoret-Levrault, Massin, Cremiere, Dionis and Goupil, who, foreseeing -that she would be the doctor's residuary legatee, abused her, -slandered her, and persecuted her most cruelly. Ursule was also -scornfully treated by Madame de Portenduere, with whose son, Savinien, -she was in love. Later, the relenting of Minoret-Levrault and Goupil, -shown in various ways, and her marriage to the Vicomte de Portenduere, -at last approved by his mother, offered Ursule some consolation for -the loss of Denis Minoret. [Ursule Mirouet.] Paris adopted her, and -made much of her; she made a glorious success in society as a singer. -[Another Study of Woman.] Amid her own great happiness, the -viscountess showed herself the devoted friend, in 1840, of Madame -Calyste du Guenic, just after her confinement, who was almost dying of -grief over the treachery of her husband. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -POSTEL was pupil and clerk of Chardon the druggist of L'Houmeau, a -suburb of Angouleme; succeeded Chardon after his death; was kind to -his former patron's unfortunate family; desired, but without success, -to marry Eve, who was afterwards Madame David Sechard, and became the -husband of Leonie Marron, by whom he had several sickly children. -[Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -POSTEL (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Leonie Marron, daughter -of Doctor Marron, a practitioner in Marsac (Charente); through -jealousy she was disagreeable to the beautiful Madame Sechard; through -cupidity she fawned upon the Abbe Marron, from whom she hoped to -inherit. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -POTASSE, sobriquet of the Protez family, manufacturers of chemicals, -as associates of Cochin; known by Minard, Phellion, Thuiller and -Colleville, types of Parisians of the middle class, about 1840. [The -Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -POTEL, former officer of the Imperial forces, retired, during the -Restoration, to Issoudun, with Captain Renard; he took sides with -Maxence Gilet against the officers, Mignonnet and Carpentier, declared -enemies of the chief of the "Knights of Idlesse." [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -POULAIN (Madame), born in 1778. She married a trousers-maker, who died -in very reduced circumstances; for from the sale of his business she -received only about eleven hundred francs for income. She lived then, -for twenty years, on work which some fellow-countrymen of the late -Poulain gave to her, and the meagre profits of which afforded her the -opportunity of starting in a professional career her son, the future -physician, whom she dreamed of seeing gain a rich marriage settlement. -Madame Poulain, though deprived of an education, was very tactful, and -she was in the habit of retiring when patients came to consult her -son. This she did when Madame Cibot called at the office on rue -d'Orleans, late in 1844 or early in 1845. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -POULAIN (Doctor), born about 1805, friendless and without fortune; -strove in vain to gain the patronage of the Paris "four hundred" after -1835. He kept constantly near him his mother, widow of a -trousers-maker. As a poor neighborhood physician he afterwards lived -with his mother on rue d'Orleans at the Marais. He became acquainted -with Madame Cibot, door-keeper at a house on rue de Normandie, the -proprietor of which, C.-J. Pillerault, uncle of the Popinots and -ordinarily under Horace Bianchon's treatment, he cured. By Madame -Cibot, Poulain was called also to attend Pons in a case of -inflammation of the liver. Aided by his friend Fraisier, he arranged -matters to suit the Camusots de Marville, the rightful heirs of the -musician. Such a service had its reward. In 1845, following the death -of Pons, and that of his residuary legatee, Schmucke, soon after, -Poulain was given an appointment in the Quinze-Vingts hospital as head -physician of this great infirmary. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -POUPART, or Poupard, from Arcis-sur-Aube, husband of Gothard's sister; -one of the heroes of the Simeuse affair; proprietor of the Mulet -tavern. Being devoted to the interest of the Cadignans, the -Cinq-Cygnes and the Hauterserres, in 1839, during the electoral -campaign, he gave lodging to Maxime de Trailles, a government envoy, -and to Paradis, the count's servant. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -POUTIN, colonel of the Second lancers, an acquaintance of Marechal -Cottin, minister of war in 1841, to whom he told that many years -before this one of his men at Severne, having stolen money to buy his -mistress a shawl, repented of his deed and ate broken glass so as to -escape dishonor. The Prince of Wissembourg told this story to Hulot -d'Ervy, while upbraiding him for his dishonesty. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -PRELARD (Madame), born in 1808, pretty, at first mistress of the -assassin Auguste, who was executed. She remained constantly in the -clutches of Jacques Collin, and was married by Jacqueline Collin, aunt -of the pseudo-Herrera, to the head of a Paris hardware-house on Quai -aux Fleurs, the Bouclier d'Achille. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -PREVOST (Madame), well-known florist, whose store still remains in the -Palais-Royal. Early in 1830, Frederic de Nucingen bought a ten louis -bouquet there for Esther van Gobseck. [Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] -</p> -<p> -PRIEUR (Madame), laundress at Angouleme, for whom Mademoiselle -Chardon, afterwards Madame David Sechard, worked. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -PRON (Monsieur and Madame), both teachers. M. Pron taught rhetoric in -1840 at a college in Paris directed by priests. Madame Pron, born -Barniol, and therefore sister-in-law of Madame Barniol-Phellion, -succeeded Mesdemoiselles La Grave, about the same time, as director of -their young ladies' boarding-school. M. and Madame Pron lived in the -Quartier Saint-Jacques, and frequently visited the Thuilliers. [The -Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -PROTEZ AND CHIFFREVILLE, manufactured chemicals; sold a hundred -thousand francs' worth to the inventor, Balthazar Claes, about 1812. -[The Quest of the Absolute.] On account of their friendly relations -with Cochin, of the Treasury, all the Protezes and the Chiffrevilles -were invited to the celebrated ball given by Cesar Birotteau, Sunday, -December 17, 1818, on rue Saint Honore. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -PROUST, clerk to Maitre Bordin, a Paris attorney, in November, 1806; -this fact became known a few years later by Godeschal, Oscar Husson -and Marest, when they reviewed the books of the attorneys who had been -employed in Bordin's office. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -PROVENCAL (Le), born in 1777, undoubtedly in the vicinity of Arles. A -common soldier during the wars at the close of the eighteenth century, -he took part in the expedition of General Desaix into upper Egypt. -Having been taken prisoner by the Maugrabins he escaped only to lose -himself in the desert, where he found nothing to eat but dates. -Reduced to the dangerous friendship of a female panther, he tamed her, -singularly enough, first by his thoughtless caresses, afterwards by -premeditation. He ironically named her Mignonne, as he had previously -called Virginie, one of his mistresses. Le Provencal finally killed -his pet, not without regret, having been moved to great terror by the -wild animal's fierce love. About the same time the soldier was -discoverd by some of his own company. Thirty years afterwards, an aged -ruin of the Imperial wars, his right leg gone, he was one day visiting -the menagerie of Martin the trainer, and recalled his adventure for -the delectation of the young spectator. [A Passion in the Desert.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0020"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - Q -</h2> -<p> -QUELUS (Abbe), priest of Tours or of its vicinity, called frequently -on the Chessels, neighbors of the Mortsaufs, at the beginning of the -century. [The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -QUEVERDO, faithful steward of the immense domain of Baron de Macumer, -in Sardinia. After the defeat of the Liberals in Spain, in 1823, he -was told to look out for his master's safety. Some fishers for coral -agreed to pick him up on the coast of Andalusia and set him off at -Macumer. [Letters of Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -QUILLET (Francois), office-boy employed by Raoul Nathan's journal on -rue Feydau, Paris, 1835. He aided his employer by lending him the name -of Francois Quillet. Raoul, in great despair, while occupying a -furnished room on rue du Mail, threw several creditors off his track -by the use of this assumed name. [A Daughter of Eve.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0021"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - R -</h2> -<p> -RABOUILLEUSE (La), name assumed by Flore Brazier, who became in turn -Madame Jean-Jacques Rouget and Madame Philippe Bridau. (See this last -name.) -</p> -<p> -RABOURDIN (Xavier), born in 1784; his father was unknown to him. His -mother, a beautiful and fastidious woman, who lived in luxury, left -him a penniless orphan of sixteen. At this time he left the Lycee -Napoleon and became a super-numerary clerk in the Treasury Department. -He was soon promoted, becoming second head clerk at twenty-two and -head clerk at twenty-five. An unknown, but influential friend, was -responsible for this progress, and also gave him an introduction into -the home of M. Leprince, a wealthy widower, who had formerly been an -auctioneer. Rabourdin met, loved and married this man's only daughter. -Beginning with this time, when his influential friend probably died, -Rabourdin saw the end of his own rapid progress. Despite his faithful, -intelligent efforts, he occupied at forty the same position. In 1824 -the death of M. Flamet de la Billardiere left open the place of -division chief. This office, to which Rabourdin had long aspired, was -given to the incapable Baudoyer, who had been at the head of a bureau, -through the influence of money and the Church. Disgusted, Rabourdin -sent in his resignation. He had been responsible for a rather -remarkable plan for executive and social reform, and this possibly -contributed to his overthrow. During his career as a minister -Rabourdin lived on rue Duphot. He had by his wife two children, -Charles, born in 1815, and a daughter, born two years later. About -1830 Rabourdin paid a visit to the Bureau of Finances, where he saw -once more his former pages, nephews of Antoine, who had retired from -service by that time. From these he learned that Colleville and -Baudoyer were tax-collectors in Paris. [The Government Clerks.] Under -the Empire he was a guest at the evening receptions given by M. -Guillaume, the cloth-dealer of rue Saint-Denis. [At the Sign of the -Cat and Racket.] Later he and his wife were invited to attend the -famous ball tendered by Cesar Birotteau, December 17, 1818. [Cesar -Birotteau.] In 1840, being still a widower, Rabourdin was one of the -directors of a proposed railway. At this time he began to lodge in a -house on the Place de la Madeleine, which had been recently bought by -the Thuilliers, whom he had known in the Bureau of Finance. [The -Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -RABOURDIN (Madame), born Celestine Leprince, in 1796; beautiful, tall -and of good figure; reared by an artistic mother; a painter and a good -musician; spoke many tongues and even had some knowledge of science. -She was married when very young through the instrumentality of her -father, who was then a widower. Her reception-rooms were not open to -Jean-Jacques Bixiou, but she was frequently visited by the poet -Canalis, the painter Schinner, Doctor Bianchon, who was especially -fond of her company; Lucien de Rubempre, Octave de Camps, the Comte de -Granville, the Vicomte de Fontaine, F. du Bruel, Andoche Finot, -Derville, Chatelet, then deputy; Ferdinand du Tillet, Paul de -Mannerville, and the Vicomte de Portenduere. A rival, Madame -Colleville, had dubbed Madame Rabourdin "The Celimene of rue Duphot." -Having been over-indulged by her mother, Celestine Leprince thought -herself entitled to a man of high rank. Consequently, although M. -Rabourdin pleased her, she hesitated at first about marrying him, as -she did not consider him of high enough station. This did not prevent -her loving him sincerely. Although she was very extravagant, she -remained always strictly faithful to him. By listening to the demands -of Chardin des Lupeaulx, secretary-general in the Department of -Finance, who was in love with her, she might have obtained for her -husband the position of division chief. Madame Rabourdin's reception -days were Wednesdays and Fridays. She died in 1840. [The Commission in -Lunacy. The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -RABOURDIN (Charles), law-student, son of the preceding couple, born in -1815, lived from 1836 to 1838 in a house on rue Corneille, Paris. -There he became acquainted with Z. Marcas, helped him in his distress, -attended him on his death-bed, and, with Justi, a medical student, as -his only companion, followed the body of this great, but unknown man -to the beggar's grave in Montparnasse cemetery. After having told some -friends the short, but pitiful story of Z. Marcas, Charles Rabourdin, -following the advice of the deceased, left the country, and sailed -from Havre for the Malayan islands; for he had not been able to gain a -foothold in France. [Z. Marcas.] -</p> -<p> -RACQUETS (Des). (See Raquets, des.) -</p> -<p> -RAGON born about 1748; a perfumer on rue Saint-Honore, between -Saint-Roche and rue des Frondeurs, Paris, towards the close of the -eighteenth century; small man, hardly five feet tall, with a face like -a nut-cracker, self-important and known for his gallantry. He was -succeeded in his business, the "Reine des Roses," by his chief clerk, -Cesar Birotteau, after the eighteenth Brumaire. As a former perfumer -to Her Majesty Queen Marie-Antoinette, M. Ragon always showed Royalist -zeal, and, under the Republic, the Vendeans used him to communicate -between the princes and the Royalist committee of Paris. He received -at that time the Abbe de Marolles, to whom he pointed out and revealed -the person of Louis XVI.'s executioner. In 1818, being a loser in the -Nucingen speculation in Wortschin mining stock, Ragon lived with his -wife in an apartment on rue du Petit-Bourbon-Saint-Sulpice. [Cesar -Birotteau. An Episode under the Terror.] -</p> -<p> -RAGON (Madame), born Popinot; sister of Judge Popinot, wife of the -preceding, being very nearly the same age as her husband, was in 1818 -"a tall slender woman of wrinkled face, sharp nose, thin lips, and the -artificial manner of a marchioness of the old line." [Cesar -Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -RAGOULLEAU[*] (Jean-Antoine), a Parisian lawyer, whose signature the -widow Morin tried to extort. She also attempted his assassination, and -was condemned, January 11, 1812, on the evidence of a number of -witnesses, among others that of Poiret, to twenty years of hard labor. -[Father Goriot.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] The real spelling of the name, as shown by some authentic papers, - is Ragouleau. -</pre> -<p> -RAGUET, working boy in the establishment of Cesar Birotteau, the -perfumer, in 1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -RAPARLIER, a Douai notary; drew up marriage contracts in 1825 for -Marguerite Claes and Emmanuel de Solis, for Felicie Claes and Pierquin -the notary, and for Gabriel Claes and Mademoiselle Conyncks. [The -Quest for the Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -RAPARLIER, a Douai auctioneer, under the Restoration; nephew of the -preceding; took an inventory at the Claes house after the death of -Madame Balthazar Claes in 1816. [The Quest of the Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -RAPP, French general, born at Colmar in 1772; died in 1821. As -aide-de-camp of the First Consul, Bonaparte, he found himself one day -in October serving near his chief at the Tuileries, when the -proscribed Corsican, Bartolomeo de Piombo, came up rather unexpectedly. -Rapp, who was suspicious of this man, as he was of all Corsicians, -wished to stay at Bonaparte's side during the interview, but the Consul -good-naturedly sent him away. [The Vendetta.] On October 13, 1806, the -day before the battle of Jena, Rapp had just made an important report -to the Emperor at the moment when Napoleon was receiving on the next -day's battlefield Mademoiselle Laurence de Cinq-Cygne and M. de -Chargeboeuf, who had come from France to ask for the pardon of the two -Hauteserres and the two Simeuses, people affected by the political -suit and condemned to hard labor. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -RAQUETS (Des), lived at Douai, of Flemish descent, and devoted to the -traditions and customs of his province; very wealthy uncle of the -notary Pierquin, his only heir, who received his inheritance towards -the close of the Restoration. [The Quest of the Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -RASTIGNAC (Chevalier de), great-uncle of Eugene de Rastignac; as -vice-admiral was commander of the "Vengeur" before 1789, and lost -his entire fortune in the service of the king, as the revolutionary -government did not wish to satisfy his demands in the adjusting of the -Compagnie des Indes affairs. [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -RASTIGNAC (Baron and Baronne de) had, near Ruffec, Charente, an -estate, where they lived in the latter part of the eighteenth and the -beginning of the nineteenth centuries, and where were born to them -five children: Eugene, Laure-Rose, Agathe, Gabriel and Henri. They -were poor, and lived in close retirement, keeping a dignified silence, -and like their neighbours, the Marquis and Marquise de Pimentel, -exercised, through their connection with court circles, a strong -influence over the entire province, being invited at various times to -the home of Madame de Bargeton, at Angouleme, where they met Lucien de -Rubempre and were able to understand him. [Father Goriot. Lost -Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -RASTIGNAC (Eugene de),[*] eldest son of the Baron and Baronne de -Rastignac, born at Rastignac near Ruffec in 1797. He came to Paris in -1819 to study law; lived at first on the third floor of the Vauquer -lodging-house, rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve, having then some -association with Jacques Collin, called Vautrin, who was especially -interested in him and wanted him to marry Victorine Taillefer. -Rastignac became the lover of Madame de Nucingen, second daughter of -Joachim Goriot, an old vermicelli-maker, and in February, 1820, lived -on rue d'Artois in pretty apartments, rented and furnished by the -father of his mistress. Goriot died in his arms. The servant, -Christophe, and Rastignac were the only attendants in the good man's -funeral procession. At the Vauquer lodging-house he was intimate with -Horace Bianchon, a medical student. [Father Goriot.] In 1821, at the -Opera, young Rastignac made fun for the occupants of two boxes over -the provincialisms of Madame de Bargeton and Lucien de Rubempre, -"young Chardon." This led Madame d'Espard to leave the theatre with -her relative, thus publicly and in a cowardly way abandoning the -distinguished provincial. Some months later Rastignac sought the favor -of this same Lucien de Rubempre, who was by that time an influential -citizen. He agreed to act with Marsay as the poet's witness in the -duel which he fought with Michel Chrestien, in regard to Daniel -d'Arthez. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] At the last -masquerade ball of 1824 Rastignac found Rubempre, who had disappeared -from Paris some time before. Vautrin, recalling his memories of the -Vauquer lodging-house, urged him authoritatively to treat Lucien as a -friend. Shortly after, Rastignac became a frequenter of the sumptuous -mansion furnished by Nucingen for Esther van Gobseck on rue -Saint-Georges. Rastignac was present at Lucien de Rubempre's funeral -in May, 1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] About the same time -the Comte de Fontaine asked his daughter Emilie what she thought of -Rastignac—among several others—as a possible husband for her. But -knowing the relations of this youthful aspirant with Madame de -Nucingen, she saved herself by replying maliciously. [The Ball at -Sceaux.] In 1828 Rastignac sought to become Madame d'Espard's lover, -but was restrained by his friend, Doctor Bianchon. [The Interdiction.] -During the same year Rastignac was treated slightingly by Madame de -Listomere, because he asked her to return a letter, which through -mistake had been sent to her, but which he had meant for Madame de -Nucingen. [A Study of Woman.] After the Revolution of July he was a -guest at Mademoiselle des Touches's evening party, where Marsay told -the story of his first love. [Another Study of Woman.] At this time -he was intimate with Raphael de Valentin, and expected to marry an -Alsatian. [The Magic Skin.] In 1832, Rastignac, having been appointed -a baron, was under-secretary of state in the department of which Marsay -was the minister. [The Secrets of a Princess.] In 1833-34, he -volunteered as nurse at the bedside of the dying minister, in the hope -of being remembered in his will. One evening about this same time he -took Raoul Nathan and Emile Blondet, whom he had met in society, to -supper with him at Very's. He then advised Nathan to profit by the -advances made him by the Comtesse Felix de Vandenesse. [A Daughter of -Eve.] In 1833, at the Princesse de Cadignan's home, in the presence of -the Marquise d'Espard, the old Ducs de Lenoncourt and de Navarreins, -the Comte and the Comtesse de Vandenesse, D'Arthez, two ambassadors, -and two well-known orators of the Chamber of Peers, Rastignac heard -his minister reveal the secrets of the abduction of Senator Malin, an -affair which took place in 1806. [The Gondreville Mystery.] In 1836, -having become enriched by the third Nucingen failure, in which he was -more or less a willing accomplice, he became possessed of an income of -forty thousand francs. [The Firm of Nucingen.] In 1838 he attended the -opening reception given at Josepha's mansion on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. -He was also witness at Hortense Hulot's marriage to Wenceslas Steinbock. -He married Augusta de Nucingen, daughter of Delphine de Nucingen, his -former mistress, whom he had quitted five years previously. In 1839, -Rastignac, minister once more, and this time of public works, was made -count almost in spite of himself. In 1845 he was, moreover, made a -peer. He had then an income of 300,000 francs. He was in the habit of -saying: "There is no absolute virtue, all things are dependent on -circumstances." [Cousin Betty. The Member for Arcis. The Unconscious -Humorists.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] In a recent publication of Monsieur S. de Lovenjoul, he speaks of - a recent abridged biography of Eugene de Rastignac. -</pre> -<p> -RASTIGNAC (Laure-Rose and Agathe de),[*] sisters of Eugene de -Rastignac; second and third children of the Baron and Baronne de -Rastignac; Laure, the elder, born in 1801; Agathe, the second, born in -1802; both were reared unostentatiously in the Rastignac chateau. In -1819 they sent what they had saved by economy to their brother Eugene, -then a student. Several years after, when he was wealthy and powerful, -he married one of them to Martial de la Roche-Hugon, the other to a -minister. In 1821, Laure, with her father and mother, was present at a -reception of M. de Bargeton's, where she admired Lucien de Rubempre. -[Father Goriot. Lost Illusions.] Madame de la Roche-Hugon in 1839 took -her several daughters to a children's dance at Madame de l'Estorade's -in Paris. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] The Mesdemoiselles de Rastignac are here placed together under - their maiden name, as it is not known which one married Martial de - la Roche-Hugon. -</pre> -<p> -RASTIGNAC (Monseigneur Gabriel de), brother of Eugene de Rastignac; -one of the youngest two children of the Baron and Baronne de -Rastignac; was private secretary to the Bishop of Limoges towards the -end of the Restoration, during the trial of Tascheron. In 1832 he -became, when only a young man of thirty, a bishop. He was consecrated -by the Archbishop Dutheil. [Father Goriot. The Country Parson. A -Daughter of Eve.] -</p> -<p> -RASTIGNAC (Henri de), the fifth child, probably of the Baron de -Rastignac and his wife. Nothing is known of his life. [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -RATEL, gendarme in the Orne district; in 1809, along with his -fellow-officer, Mallet, was charged with the capture of "Lady" Bryond -des Miniares, who was implicated in the affair known as the "Chauffeurs -de Mortagne." He found the fugitive, but, instead of arresting her, -allowed himself to be unduly influenced by her, and then protected her -and let her escape. This action on his part was known to Mallet. -Ratel, when imprisoned, confessed all, and committed suicide before -the time assigned for trial. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -RAVENOUILLET, porter in Bixiou's house, at No. 112 rue Richelieu, in -1845; son of a Carcassonne grocer; a steward throughout his life and -owed his first position to his fellow-countryman, Massol. -Ravenouillet, although uneducated was not unintelligent. According to -Bixiou, he was the "Providence at thirty per cent" of the seventy-one -lodgers in the house, through whom he netted in the neighborhood of -six thousand francs a month. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -RAVENOUILLET (Madame), wife of the preceding. [The Unconscious -Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -RAVENOUILLET (Lucienne), daughter of the preceding couple, was in 1845 -a pupil in the Paris Conservatory of Music. [The Unconscious -Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -REGNAULD (Baron) (1754-1829), celebrated artist, member of the -Institute. Joseph Bridau, when fourteen, was a frequent visitor at his -studio, in 1812-1813. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -REGNAULT, former chief clerk to Maitre Roguin, a Paris notary; came to -Vendome in 1816 and purchased there a notaryship. He was called by -Madame de Merret to her death-bed, and was made her executor. In this -position, some years later, he urged Doctor Bianchon to respect one of -the last wishes of the deceased by discontinuing his promenades in the -Grande Breteche garden, as she had wished this property to remain -entirely unused for half a century. Maitre Regnault married a wealthy -cousin of Vendome. Regnault was tall and slender, with sloping -forehead, small pointed head and wan complexion. He frequently used -the expression, "One moment." [La Grande Breteche.] -</p> -<p> -REGNIER (Claude-Antoine), Duc de Massa, born in 1746, died 1814; an -advocate, and afterwards deputy to the Constituency; was high justice -—justice of the peace—during the celebrated trial of the Simeuses -and Hauteserres, accused of the abduction of Senator Malin. He noticed -the talent displayed by Granville for the defendants, and a little -later, having met him at Archchancelor Cambaceres's house, he took the -young barrister into his own carriage, setting him down on the Quai -des Augustins, at the young man's door, after giving him some -practical advice and assuring him of his protection. [The Gondreville -Mystery. A Second Home.] -</p> -<p> -REMONENCQ, an Auvergnat, dealer in old iron, established on rue de -Normandie, in the house in which Pons and Schmucke lived, and where -the Cibots were porters. Remonencq, who had come to Paris with the -intention of being a porter, ran errands between 1825 and 1831 for the -dealers in curiosities on Boulevard Beaumarchais and the coppersmiths -on rue de Lappe, then opened in this same quarter a small shop for -odds and ends. He lived there in sordid economy. He had been in -Sylvain Pons's house, and had fully recognized the great value of the -aged collector's treasures. His greed urged him to crime, and he -instigated Madame Cibot in her theft at the Pons house. After -receiving his share of the property, he poisoned the husband of the -portress, in order to marry the widow, with whom he established a -curiosity shop in an excellent building on the Boulevard de la -Madeleine. About 1846 he unwittingly poisoned himself with a glass of -vitriol, which he had placed near his wife. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -REMONENCQ (Mademoiselle), sister of the preceding, "a kind of idiot -with a vacant stare, dressed like a Japanese idol." She was her -brother's house-keeper. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -REMONENCQ (Madame), born in 1796, at one time a beautiful oyster-woman -of the "Cadran Bleu" in Paris; married for love the porter-tailor, -Cibot, in 1828, and lived with him in the porter's lodge of a house on -rue de Normandie, belonging to Claude-Joseph Pillerault. In this house -the musicians, Pons and Schmucke, lived. She busied herself for some -time with the management of the house and the cooking for these two -celibates. At first she was faithful, but finally, moved by Remonencq, -and encouraged by Fontaine, the necromancer, she robbed the ill-fated -Pons. Her husband having been poisoned, without her knowledge, by -Remonencq, she married the second-hand dealer, now a dealer in -curiosities, and proprietor of the beautiful shop on the Boulevard de -la Madeleine. She survived her second husband. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -REMY (Jean), peasant of Arcis-sur-Aube, against whom a neighbor lost a -lawsuit concerning a boundary line. This neighbor, who was given to -drink, used strong language in speaking against Jean Remy in a session -of the electors who had organized in the interest of -Dorlange-Sallenauve, a candidate, in the month of April, 1839. If we -may believe this neighbor, Jean Remy was a wife-beater, and had a -daughter who had obtained, through the influence of a deputy, and -apparently without any claim, an excellent tobacco-stand on rue -Mouffetard. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -RENARD, former captain in the Imperial army, withdrew to Issoudun -during the Restoration; one of the officers in the Faubourg de Rome, -who were hostile to the "pekins" and partisans of Maxence (Max) Gilet. -Renard and Commandant Potel were seconds for Maxence in his duel with -Philippe Bridau—a duel which resulted in the former's death. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -RENARD, regimental quartermaster in the cavalry, 1812. Although -educated as a notary he became an under officer. He had the face of a -girl and was considered a "wheedler." He saved the life of his friend, -Genestas, several times, but enticed away from him a Polish Jewess, -whom he loved, married in Sarmatian fashion, and left enceinte. When -fatally wounded in the battle against the Russians, just before the -battle of Lutzen, in his last hours, to Genestas, he acknowledged -having betrayed the Jewess, and begged this gentleman to marry her and -claim the child, which would soon be born. This was done by the -innocent officer. Renard was the son of a Parisian wholesale grocer, a -"toothless shark," who would not listen to anything concerning the -quartermaster's offspring. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -RENARD (Madame). (See Genestas, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -RENARD (Adrien). (See Genestas, Adrien.) -</p> -<p> -RENE, the only servant to M. du Bousquier of Alencon, in 1816; a silly -Breton servant, who, although very greedy, was perfectly reliable. -[Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -RESTAUD (Comte de), a man whose sad life was first brought to the -notice of Barchou de Penhoen, a school-mate of Dufaure and Lambert; -born about 1780; husband of Anastasie Goriot, by whom he was ruined; -died in December, 1824, while trying to adjust matters favorably for -his eldest son, Ernest, the only one of Madame de Restaud's three -children whom he recognized as his own. To this end he had pretended -that, having been very extravagant, he was greatly in debt to Gobseck. -He assured his son by another letter of the real condition of his -estate. M. de Restaud, was similar in appearance to the Duc de -Richelieu, and had the proud manners of the statesman of the -aristocratic faubourg. [Gobseck. Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -RESTAUD (Comtesse Anastasie de), wife of the preceding; elder daughter -of the vermicelli-maker, Jean-Joachim Goriot; a beautiful brunette of -queenly bearing and manners. Like the fair and gentle Madame de -Nucingen, her sister, she showed herself severe and ungrateful towards -the kindliest and weakest of fathers. She had three children, two boys -and a girl; Ernest, the eldest, being the only legitimate one. She -ruined herself for Trailles, her lover's benefit, selling her jewels -to Gobseck and endangering her children's future. As soon as her -husband had breathed his last, in a moment anxiously awaited, she took -from under his pillow and burned the papers which she believed -contrary to her own interests and those of her two natural children. -It thus followed that Gobseck, the fictitious creditor, gained a claim -on all of the remaining property. [Gobseck. Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -RESTAUD (Ernest de), eldest child of the preceding, and their only -legitimate one, as the other two were natural children of Maxime de -Trailles. In 1824, while yet a child, he received from his dying -father instruction to hand to Derville, the attorney, a sealed package -which contained his will; but Madame de Restaud, by means of her -maternal authority, kept Ernest from carrying out his promise. On -attaining his majority, after his fortune had been restored to him by -his father's fictitious creditor, Gobseck, he married Camille de -Grandlieu, who reciprocated his love for her. As a result of this -marriage Ernest de Restaud became connected with the Legitimists, -while his brother Felix, who had almost attained the position of -minister under Louis Philippe, followed the opposite party. [Gobseck. -The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -RESTAUD (Madame Ernest de), born Camille de Grandlieu in 1813, -daughter of the Vicomtesse de Grandlieu. During the first years of -Louis Philippe's reign, while very young, she fell in love with and -married Ernest de Restaud, who was then a minor. [Gobseck. The Member -for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -RESTAUD (Felix-Georges de), one of the younger children of the Comte -and Comtesse de Restaud; probably a natural son of Maxime de Trailles. -In 1839, Felix de Restaud was chief secretary to his cousin Eugene de -Rastignac, minister of public works. [Gobseck. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -RESTAUD (Pauline de), legal daughter of the Comte and Comtesse de -Restaud, but probably the natural daughter of Maxime de Trailles. We -know nothing of her life. [Gobseck.] -</p> -<p> -REYBERT (De), captain in the Seventh regiment of artillery under the -Empire; born in the Messin country. During the Restoration he lived in -Presles, Seine-et-Oise, with his wife and daughter, on only six -hundred francs pension. As a neighbor of Moreau, manager of the Comte -de Serizy's estate, he detected the steward in some extortions, and -sending his wife to the count, denounced the guilty man. He was chosen -as Moreau's successor. Reybert married his daughter, without -furnishing her a dowry, to the wealthy farmer Leger. [A Start in -Life.] -</p> -<p> -REYBERT (Madame de), born Corroy, in Messin, wife of the preceding, -and like him of noble family. Her face was pitted by small-pox until -it looked like a skimmer; her figure was tall and spare; her eyes were -bright and clear; she was straight as a stick; she was a strict -Puritan, and subscribed to the Courrier Francais. She paid a visit to -the Comte de Serizy, and unfolded to him Moreau's extortions, thus -obtaining for her husband the stewardship of Presles. [A Start in -Life.] -</p> -<p> -RHETORE (Duc Alphonse de), eldest son of the Duc and Duchess de -Chaulieu, he became an ambassador in the diplomatic service. For many -years during the Restoration he kept Claudine Chaffaroux, called -Tullia, the star dancing-girl at the Opera, who married Bruel in 1824. -He became acquainted with Lucien de Rubempre, both in his own circle -of acquaintance and in the world of gallantry, and entertained him one -evening in his box at a first performance at the Ambigu in 1821. He -reproached his guest for having wounded Chatelet and Madame de -Bargeton by his newspaper satire, and at the same time, while -addressing him continually as Chardon, he counseled the young man to -become a Royalist, in order that Louis XVIII. might restore to him the -title and name of Rubempres, his maternal ancestors. The Duc de -Rhetore, however, disliked Lucien de Rubempre, and a little later at a -performance in the Italiens, he traduced him to Madame de Serizy, who -was really in love with the poet. [A Bachelor's Establishment. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. -Letters of Two Brides.] In 1835, he married the Duchesse d'Argaiolo, -born the Princesse Soderini, a woman of great beauty and fortune. -[Albert Savarus.] In 1839, he had a duel with Dorlange-Sallenauve, -having provoked the latter, by speaking in a loud voice, which he knew -could be easily understood, and slandering Marie Gaston, second -husband of Dorlange's sister, Louise de Chaulieu. Dorlange was -wounded. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -RHETORE (Duchess de), born Francesca Soderini in 1802; a very -beautiful and wealthy Florentine; married, when very young, by her -father, to the Duc d'Argaiolo, who was also very rich and much older -than herself. In Switzerland or Italy she became acquainted with -Albert Savarus, when, as a result of political events, she and her -husband were proscribed and deprived of their property. The Duchesse -d'Argaiolo and Albert Savarus loved platonically, and Francesca-like -she promised her hand to her Francois whenever she should become a -widow. In 1835, having been widowed for some time, and, as a result of -Rosalie de Watteville's plots, believing herself forgotten and -betrayed by Savarus, from whom she had received no news, she gave her -hand to the Duc de Rhetore, the ex-ambassador. The marriage took place -in the month of May at Florence and was celebrated with much pomp. The -Duchesse d'Argaiolo is pictured under the name of the Princesse -Gandolphini in "L'Ambitieux par Amour," published in 1834 by the Revue -de l'Est. Under Louis Philippe, the Duchesse de Rhetore became -acquainted with Mademoiselle de Watteville at a charity entertainment. -On their second meeting, which took place at the Opera ball, -Mademoiselle de Watteville revealed her own ill-doings and vindicated -Savarus. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -RICHARD (Veuve), a Nemours woman from whom Ursule Mirouet, afterwards -Vicomtesse de Portenduere, after the death of Doctor Minoret, her -guardian, purchased a house to occupy. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -RIDAL (Fulgence), dramatic author; member of the Cenacle, which held -its sessions at D'Arthez's home on rue des Quatre-Vents, during the -Restoration. He disparaged Leon Giraud's beliefs, went under a -Rabelaisian guise, careless, lazy and skeptical, also inclined to be -melancholy and happy at the same time; nick-named by his friends the -"Regimental Dog." Fulgence Ridal and Joseph Bridau, with other members -of the Cenacle, were present at an evening party given by Madame Veuve -Bridau, in 1819, to celebrate the return of her son Philippe from -Texas. [A Bachelor's Establishment. A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] In 1845, having been a vaudevillist, he was given the -direction of a theatre in association with Lousteau. He had -influencial government friends. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -RIFFE, copying-clerk in the Financial Bureau, who had charge of the -"personnel." [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -RIFOOEL. (See Vissard, Chevalier du.) -</p> -<p> -RIGANSON, called Biffon, also Chanoine, constituted with La Biffe, his -mistress, one of the most important couples in his class of society. -When a convict he met Jacques Collin, called Vautrin, and in May, -1830, saw him once more at the Conciergerie, at the time of the -judical investigation succeeding Esther Gobseck's death. Riganson was -short of stature, fat, and with livid skin, and an eye black and -sunken. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -RIGOU (Gregoire), born in 1756; at one time a Benedictine friar. Under -the Republic he married Arsene Pichard, only heir of the rich Cure -Niseron. He became a money-lender; filled the office of mayor of -Blangy, Bourgogne, up to 1821, when he was succeeded by Montcornet. On -the arrival of the general in the country Rigou endeavored to be -friendly with him, but having been quickly slighted, he became one of -the Montcornets' most dangerous enemies, along with Gaubertin, mayor -of Ville-aux-Fayes, and Soudry, mayor of Soulanges. This triumvirate -succeeded in arousing the peasants against the owner of Aigues, and -the local citizens having become more or less opposed to him, the -general sold his property, and it fell to the three associates. Rigou -was selfish, avaricious but pleasure-loving; he looked like a condor. -His name was often the subject of a pun, and he was called Grigou (G. -Rigou—a miserly man). "Deep as a monk, silent as a Benedictine, -crafty as a priest, this man would have been a Tiberius in Rome, a -Richelieu under Louis XIII. or a Fouche under the Convention." [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -RIGOU (Madame), born Arsene Pichard, wife of the preceding, niece of a -maid named Pichard, who was house-keeper for Cure Niseron under the -Revolution, and whom she succeeded as house-keeper. She inherited, -together with her aunt, some money from a wealthy priest. She was -known while young by the name of La Belle Arsene. She had great -influence over the cure, although she could neither read nor write. -After her marriage with Rigou, she became the old Benedictine's slave. -She lost her Rubens-like freshness, her magical figure, her beautiful -teeth and the lustre of her eyes when she gave birth to her daughter, -who eventually became the wife of Soudry (fils). Madame Rigou quietly -bore the continued infidelity of her husband, who always had pretty -maids in his household. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -RIVAUDOULT D'ARSCHOOT, of the Dulmen branch of a noted family of -Galicia or Russie-Rouge; heirs, through their grandfather, to this -family, and also, in default of the direct heirs, successors to the -titles. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -RIVET (Achille), maker of lace and embroidery on rue des -Mauvaises-Paroles, in the old Langeais house, built by the illustrious -family at the time when the greatest lords were clustered around the -Louvre. In 1815 he succeeded the Pons Brothers, embroiderers to the -Court, and was judge in the tribunal of commerce. He employed Lisbeth -Fischer, and, despite their quarrel, rendered this spinster some -service. Achille Rivet worshiped Louis Philippe, who was to him the -"noble representative of the class out of which he constructed his -dynasty." He loved the Poles less, at the time they were preventing -European equilibrium. He was willing to aid Cousin Betty in the revenge -against Wenceslas, which she once contemplated, as a result of her -jealousy. [Cousin Betty. Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -ROBERT, a Paris restaurant-keeper, near Frascati. Early in 1822 he -furnished a banquet lasting nine hours, at the time of the founding of -the Royalist journal, the "Reveil." Theodore Gaillard and Hector -Merlin, founders of the paper, Nathan and Lucien de Rubempre, -Martainville, Auger, Destains and many authors who "were responsible -for monarchy and religion," were present. "We have enjoyed an -excellent monarchical and religious feast!" said one of the best known -romanticists as he stood on the threshold. This sentence became famous -and appeared the next morning in the "Miroir." Its repetition was -wrongly attributed to Rubempre, although it had been reported by a -book-seller who had been invited to the repast. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -ROCHEFIDE (Marquis Arthur de), one of the later nobility; married -through his father's instrumentality, in 1828, Beatrix de Casteran, a -descendant of the more ancient nobility. His father thought that by -doing this his son would obtain an appointment to the peerage, an -honor which he himself had vainly sought. The Comtesse de Montcornet -was interested in this marriage. Arthur de Rochefide served in the -Royal Guards. He was a handsome man, but not especially worthy. He -spent much of his time at his toilet, and it was known that he wore a -corset. He was everybody's friend, as he joined in with the opinions -and extravagances of everybody. His favorite amusement was -horse-racing, and he supported a journal devoted to the subject of -horses. Having been deserted by his wife, he mourned without becoming -the object of ridicule, and passed for a "jolly, good fellow." Made -rich by the death of his father and of his elder sister, who was the -wife of D'Ajuda-Pinto, he inherited, among other things, a splendid -mansion on rue d'Anjou-Saint-Honore. He slept and ate there only -occasionally and was very happy at not having the marital obligations -and expense customary with married men. At heart he was so well -satisfied at having been deserted by his wife, that he said to his -friends, "I was born lucky." For a long time he supported Madame -Schontz, and then they lived together maritally. She reared his -legitimate son as carefully as though he were her own child. After 1840 -she married Du Ronceret, and Arthur de Rochefide was rejoined by his -wife. He soon communicated to her a peculiar disease, which Madame -Schontz, angered at having been abandoned, had given to him, as well -as to Baron Calyste du Guenic. [Beatrix.] In 1838, Rochefide was -present at the house-warming given by Josepha in her mansion on rue de -la Ville-l'Eveque. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -ROCHEFIDE (Marquise de), wife of the preceding, younger daughter of -the Marquis de Casteran; born Beatrix-Maximilienne-Rose de Casteran, -about 1808, in the Casteran Castle, department of Orne. After being -reared there she became the wife of the Marquis of Rochefide in 1828. -She was fair of skin, but a flighty vain coquette, without heart or -brains—a second Madame d'Espard, except for her lack of intelligence. -About 1832 she left her husband to flee into Italy with the musician, -Gennaro Conti, whom she took from her friend, Mademoiselle des -Touches. Finally she allowed Calyste du Guenic to pay her court. She -had met him also at her friend's house, and at first resisted the -young man. Afterwards, when he was married, she abandoned herself to -him. This liaison filled Madame du Guenic with despair, but was ended -after 1840 by the crafty manoeuvres of the Abbe Brossette. Madame de -Rochefide then rejoined her husband in the elegant mansion on rue -d'Anjou-Saint-Honore, but not until she had retired with him to -Nogent-sur-Marne, to care for her health which had been injured during -the resumption of marital relations. Before this reconciliation she -lived in Paris on rue de Chartres-du-Roule, near Monceau Park. The -Marquise de Rochefide had, by her husband, a son, who was for some -time under the care of Madame Schontz. [Beatrix. The Secrets of a -Princess.] In 1834, in the presence of Madame Felix de Vandenesse, -then in love with the poet Nathan, the Marquise Charles de Vandenesse, -sister-in-law of Madame Felix, Lady Dudley, Mademoiselle des Touches, -the Marquise d'Espard, Madame Moina de Saint Hereen and Madame de -Rochefide expressed their ideas on love and marriage. "Love is -heaven," said Lady Dudley. "It is hell!" cried Mademoiselle des -Touches. "But it is a hell where there is love," replied Madame de -Rochefide. "There is often more pleasure in suffering than in -happiness; remember the martyrs!" [A Daughter of Eve.] The history of -Sarrasine was told her about 1830. The marquise was acquainted with -the Lantys, and at their house saw the strange Zambinella. -[Sarrasine.] One afternon, in the year 1836 or 1837, in her house on -rue des Chartres, Madame de Rochefide heard the story of the "Prince -of Bohemia" told by Nathan. After this narrative she became wild over -La Palferine. [A Prince of Bohemia.] -</p> -<p> -ROCHEGUDE (Marquis de), an old man in 1821, possessing an income of -six hundred thousand francs, offered a brougham at this time to -Coralie, who was proud of having refused it, being "an artist, and not -a prostitute." [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] This Rochegude -was apparently a Rochefide. The change of names and confusion of -families was corrected eventually by law. -</p> -<p> -RODOLPHE, natural son of an intelligent and charming Parisian and of a -Barbancon gentleman who died before he was able to arrange -satisfactorily for his sweetheart. Rodolphe was a fictitious character -in "L'Ambitieux par Amour," by Albert Savarus in the "Revue de l'Est" -in 1834, where, under this assumed name, he recounted his own -adventures. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -ROGER, general, minister and director of personnel in the War -Department in 1841. For thirty years a comrade of Baron Hulot. At this -time he enlightened his friend on the administrative situation, which -was seriously endangered at the time he asked for an appointment for -his sub-chief, Marneffe. This advancement was not merited, but became -possible through the dismissal of Coquet, the chief of bureau. [Cousin -Betty.] -</p> -<p> -ROGRON, Provins tavern-keeper in the last half of the eighteenth -century and the beginning of the nineteenth. He was at first a carter, -and married the daughter of M. Auffray, a Provins grocer, by his first -wife. When his father-in-law died, Rogron bought his house from the -widow for a song, retired from business and lived there with his wife. -He possessed about two thousand francs in rentals, obtained from -twenty-seven pieces of land and the interest on the twenty thousand -francs raised by the sale of his tavern. Having become in his old age -a selfish, avaricious drunkard and shrewd as a Swiss tavern-keeper, he -reared coarsely and without affection the two children, Sylvie and -Jerome-Denis, whom he had by his wife. He died, in 1822, a widower. -[Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -ROGRON (Madame), wife of the preceding; daughter, by his first wife, -of M. Auffray, a Provins grocer; paternal aunt of Madame Lorrain, the -mother of Pierrette; born in 1743; very homely; married at the age of -sixteen; left her husband a widower. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -ROGRON (Sylvie), elder child of the preceding; born between 1780 and -1785 at Provins; sent to the country to be nursed. When thirteen years -old she was placed in a store on rue Saint-Denis, Paris. When twenty -years old she was second clerk in a silk-store, the Ver Chinois, and -towards the end of 1815, bought with her own savings and those of her -brother the property of the Soeur de Famille, one of the best retail -haberdasher's establishments and then kept by Madame Guenee. Sylvie -and Jerome-Denis, partners in this establishment, retired to Provins -in 1823. They lived there in their father's house, he having been dead -several months, and received their cousin, the young Pierrette -Lorrain, a fatherless and motherless child of a delicate nature, whom -they treated harshly, and who died as a result of the brutal treatment -of Sylvie, an envious spinster. This woman had been sought in -marriage, on account of her dowry, by Colonel Gouraud, and she -believed herself deserted by him for Pierrette. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -ROGRON (Jerome-Denis), two years younger than his sister Sylvie, and -like her sent to Paris by his father. When very young he entered the -establishment of one of the leading haberdashers on rue Saint-Denis, -the firm of Guepin at the Trois Quenouilles. He became first clerk -there at eighteen. Finally associated with Sylvie in the haberdasher's -establishment, the Soeur de Famille, he withdrew with her in 1823 to -Provins. Jerome-Denis Rogron was ignorant and did not amount to much, -but depended on his sister in everything, for Sylvie had "good sense -and was sharp at a bargain." He allowed his sister to maltreat -Pierrette Lorrain, and, when called before the Provins court as -responsible for the young girl's death, was acquitted. In his little -city, Rogron, through the influence of the attorney, Vinet, opposed -the government of Charles X. After 1830 he was appointed -receiver-general. The former Liberal, who was one of the masses, said -that Louis Philippe would not be a real king until he could create -noblemen. In 1828, although homely and unintelligent, he married the -beautiful Bathilde de Chargeboeuf, who inspired in him an old man's -foolish passion. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -ROGRON (Madame Denis), born Bathilde de Chargeboeuf, about 1803, one -of the most beautiful young girls of Troyes, poor but noble and -ambitious. Her relative, Vinet the attorney, had made "a little -Catherine de Medicis" of her, and married her to Denis Rogron. Some -years after this marriage she desired to become a widow as soon as -possible, so that she might marry General Marquis de Montriveau, a -peer of France, who was very attentive to her. Montriveau controlled -the department in which Rogron had a receivership. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -ROGUIN, born in 1761; for twenty-five years a Paris notary, tall and -heavy; black hair and high forehead; of somewhat distinguished -appearance; affected with ozoena. This affection caused his ruin, for, -having married the only daughter of the banker, Chevrel, he disgusted -his wife very soon, and she was untrue to him. On the other hand, he -had paid mistresses, and kept and was fleeced by Sarah van Gobseck -—"La Belle Hollandaise"—mother of Esther. He had met her about 1815. -In 1818 and 1819 Roguin, seriously compromised by careless financial -ventures as well as by dissipation, disappeared from Paris; and thus -brought about the ruin of Guillaume Grandet, Cesar Birotteau, and -Mesdames Descoings and Bridau. [Cesar Birotteau. Eugenie Grandet. A -Bachelor's Establishment.] Roguin had by his wife a daughter, whom he -married to the president of the Provins tribunal. She was called in -that city "the beautiful Madame Tiphaine." [Pierrette.] In 1816 he -made, for Ginevra di Piombo, a respectful request of her father that -he would allow his daughter to marry Luigi Porta, an enemy of the -family. [The Vendetta.] -</p> -<p> -ROGUIN (Madame), born Chevrel between the years 1770 and 1780; only -daughter of Chevrel, the banker; wife of the preceding; cousin of -Madame Guillaume of The Cat and Racket, and fifteen years her junior; -aided her relative's daughter, Augustine, in her love affair with the -painter, Sommervieux; pretty and coquettish; for a long time the -mistress of Tillet, the banker; was present with her husband at the -famous ball given by Cesar Birotteau, December 17, 1818. She had a -country-house at Nogent-sur-Marne, in which she lived with her lover -after Roguin's departure. [Cesar Birotteau. At the Sign of the Cat and -Racket. Pierrette.] In 1815 Caroline Crochard, then an embroiderer, -worked for Madame Roguin, who made her wait for her wages. [A Second -Home.] In 1834 and 1835 Madame Roguin, then more than fifty years of -age, still posed as young and dominated Du Tillet, who was married to -the charming Marie-Eugenie de Granville. [A Daughter of Eve.] -</p> -<p> -ROGUIN (Mathilde-Melanie). (See Tiphaine, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -ROMETTE (La). (See Paccard, Jeromette.) -</p> -<p> -RONCERET (Du), president of the Alencon tribunal under the -Restoration; was then a tall man, very thin, with forehead sloping -back to his thin chestnut hair; eyes of different colors, and -compressed lips. Not having been courted by the nobility, he turned -his attention to the middle classes, and then in the suit against -Victurnien d'Esgrignon, charged with forgery, he immediately took part -in the prosecution. That a preliminary trial might be avoided he kept -away from Alencon, but a judgment which acquitted Victurnien was -rendered during his absence. M. du Ronceret, in Machiavelli fashion, -manoeuvred to gain for his son Fabien the hand of a wealthy heiress of -the city, Mademoiselle Blandureau, who had also been sought by Judge -Blondet for his son Joseph. In this contest the judge won over his -chief. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] M. du Ronceret died in 1837, -while holding the presidency of chamber at the Royal Court of Caen. -The Du Roncerets, ennobled under Louis XV., had arms bearing the word -"Servir" as a motto and a squire's helmet. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -RONCERET (Madame du), wife of the preceding, tall and ill-formed; of -serious disposition; dressed herself in the most absurd costumes of -gorgeous colors; spent much time at her toilet, and never went to a -ball without first decorating her head with a turban, such as the -English were then wearing. Madame du Ronceret received each week, and -each quarter gave a great three-course dinner, which was spoken of in -Alencon, for the president then endeavored, with his miserly -abundance, to compete with M. du Bousquier's elegance. In the -Victurnien d'Esgrignon affair, Madame du Ronceret, at the instigation -of her husband, urged the deputy, Sauvages, to work against the young -nobleman. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -RONCERET (Fabien-Felicien du), or Duronceret, son of the preceding -couple; born about 1802, educated at Alencon; was here the companion -in dissipation of Victurnien d'Esgrignon, whose evil nature he -stimulated at M. du Bousquier's instigation. [Jealousies of a Country -Town.] At first a judge in Alencon, Du Ronceret resigned after the -death of his father and went to Paris in 1838, with the intention of -pushing himself into notice by first causing an uproar. He became -acquainted in Bohemian circles where he was called "The Heir," on -account of some prodigalities. Having made the acquaintance of -Couture, the journalist, he was presented by him to Madame Schontz, a -popular courtesan of the day, and became his successor in an elegantly -furnished establishment in a first floor on rue Blanche. He there -began as vice-president of a horticultural society. After an opening -session, during which he delivered an address which he had paid -Lousteau five hundred francs to compose, and where he made himself -noticed by a flower given him by Judge Blondet, he was decorated. -Later he married Madame Schontz, who wished to enter middle-class -society. Ronceret expected, with her influence, to become president of -the court and officer of the Legion of Honor [Beatrix.] While -purchasing a shawl for his wife at M. Fritot's, in company with -Bixiou, Fabien du Ronceret was present about 1844 at the comedy which -took place when the Selim shawl was sold to Mistress Noswell. -[Gaudissart II.] -</p> -<p> -RONCERET (Madame Fabien du), born Josephine Schiltz in 1805, wife of -the preceding, daughter of a colonel under the Empire; fatherless and -motherless, at nine years of age she was sent to Saint-Denis by -Napoleon in 1814, and remained in that educational institution, as -assistant-mistress, until 1827. At this time Josephine Schiltz, who -was a god-child of the Empress, began the adventurous life of a -courtesan, after the example of some of her companions who were, like -her, at the end of their patience. She now changed her name from -Schiltz to Schontz, and she was also known under the assumed name of -Little Aurelie. Animated, intelligent and pretty, after having -sacrificed herself to true love, after having known "some poor but -dishonorable writers," after having tried intimacy with several rich -simpletons, she was met in a day of distress, at Valentino Mussard's, -by Arthur de Rochefide, who loved her madly. Having been abandoned by -his wife for two years, he lived with her in free union. This evil -state of affairs existed until the time when Josephine Schiltz was -married by Fabien du Ronceret. In order to have revenge on the Marquis -de Rochefide for abandoning her, she gave him a peculiar disease, -which she had made Fabien du Ronceret contract, and which also was -conveyed to Calyste du Guenic. During her life as a courtesan, her -rivals were Suzanne de Val-Noble, Fanny Beaupre, Mariette, Antonia, -and Florine. She was intimate with Finot, Nathan, Claude Vignon, to -whom she probably owed her critical mind, Bixiou, Leon de Lora, Victor -de Vernisset, La Palferine, Gobeneim, Vermanton the cynical -philosphoer, etc. She even hoped to marry one of these. In 1836 she -lived on rue Flechier, and was the mistress of Lousteau, to whom she -wished to marry Felicie Cardot, the notary's daughter. Later she -belonged to Stidmann. In 1838 she was present at Josepha's -house-warming on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. In 1840, at the first -performance at the Ambigu, she met Madame de la Baudraye, then -Lousteau's mistress. Josephine Schiltz finally became the wife of -President du Ronceret. [Beatrix. The Muse of the Department. Cousin -Betty. The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -RONQUEROLLES (Marquis de), brother of Madame de Serizy; uncle of the -Comtesse Laginska; one of "The Thirteen," and one of the most -efficient governmental diplomats under Louis Philippe; next to the -Prince de Talleyrand the shrewdest ambassador; was of great service to -Marsay during his service as a minister; was sent to Russia in 1838 on -a secret mission. Having lost his two children during the cholera -scourge of 1832, he was left without a direct heir. He had been a -deputy on the Right Centre under the Restoration, representing a -department in Bourgogne, where he was proprietor of a forest and of a -castle next to the Aigues in the commune of Blangy. When Gaubertin, -the steward, was discharged by the Comte de Montcornet, Soudry spoke -as follows: "Patience! We have Messieurs de Soulanges and de -Ronquerolles." [The Imaginary Mistress. The Peasantry. Ursule -Mirouet.] M. de Ronquerolles was an intimate friend of the Marquis -d'Aiglemont; they even addressed each other familiarly as <i>thou</i> -instead of <i>you</i>. [A Woman of Thirty.] He alone knew of Marsay's first -love and the name of "Charlotte's" husband. [Another Study of Woman.] -In 1820 the Marquis de Ronquerolles, while at a ball at the -Elysee-Bourbon, in the Duchesse de Berri's house, provoked Auguste de -Maulincour, of whom Ferragus Bourignard had complained, to a duel. -Also, as a result of his membership in the Thirteen, Ronquerolles, -along with Marsay, helped General de Montriveau abduct the Duchesse de -Langeais from the convent of bare-footed Carmelites, where she had -taken refuge. [The Thirteen.] In 1839 he was M. de Rhetore's second in -a duel fought with Dorlange-Sallenauve, the sculptor, in connection -with Marie Gaston. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -ROSALIE, rosy-cheeked and buxom, waiting-maid to Madame de Merret at -Vendome; then, after the death of her mistress, servant employed by -Madame Lepas, tavern-keeper in that town. She finally told Horace -Bianchon the drama of La Grande Breteche and the misfortunes of the -Merrets. [La Grande Breteche.] -</p> -<p> -ROSALIE, chambermaid to Madame Moreau at Presles in 1822. [A Start in -Life.] -</p> -<p> -ROSE, maid in the service of Armande-Louise-Marie de Chaulieu in 1823, -at the time when this young lady, having left the Carmelites of Blois, -came to live with her father on the Boulevard des Invalides in Paris. -[Letters of Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -ROSINA, an Italian from Messina, wife of a Piedmont gentleman, who was -captain in the French army under the Empire; mistress of her husband's -colonel. She died with her lover near Beresina in 1812, her jealous -husband having set fire to the hut which she and the colonel were -occupying. [Another Study of Woman.] -</p> -<p> -ROUBAUD, born about 1803 was declared doctor by the Paris medical -school, a pupil of Desplein; practiced medicine at Montegnac, -Haute-Vienne, under Louis Philippe, small man of fair skin and very -insipid appearance, but with gray eyes which betrayed the depth of a -physiologist and the tenacity of a student. Roubaud was introduced to -Madame Graslin by the Cure Bonnet, who was in despair at Roubaud's -religious indifference. The young physician admired and secretly loved -this celebrated Limousinese, and became converted suddenly to -Catholicism on seeing the saintly death of Madame Graslin. When dying -she made him head-physician in a hospital founded by her at the -Tascherons near Montegnac. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -ROUGET (Doctor), an Issoudun physician under Louis XVI. and the -Republic; born in 1737; died in 1805; married the most beautiful girl -of the city, whom, it is said, he made very unhappy. He had by her two -children: a son, Jean-Jacques; and, ten years later, a daughter, -Agathe, who became Madame Bridau. The birth of this daughter brought -about a rupture between the doctor and his intimate friend, the -sub-delegate Lousteau, whom Rouget, doubtless wrongly, accused of being -the girl's father. Each of these men charged the other with being the -father of Maxence Gilet, who was in reality the son of a dragoon -officer, stationed at Bourges. Doctor Rouget, who passed for a very -disagreeable, unaccommodating man, was selfish and spiteful. He -quickly got rid of his daughter, whom he hated. After his wife, his -mother-in-law and his father-in-law had died, he was very rich, and -although his life was apparently regular and free from scandal, he was -in reality very dissipated. In 1799, filled with admiration for the -beauty of the little Rabouilleuse, Flore Brazier, he received her into -his own home, where she stayed, becoming first the mistress, and -afterwards the wife of his son, Jean-Jacques, and eventually Madame -Philippe Bridau, Comtesse de Bramboug. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -ROUGET (Madame), born Descoings, wife of the preceding, daughter of -rich and avaricous wool-dealers at Issoudun, elder sister of the -grocer, Descoings, who married the widow of M. Bixiou and afterwards -died with Andre Chenier, July 25, 1794, on the scaffold. As a young -woman, although in very poor health, she was celebrated for her -beauty. Not being gifted with a very sound intellect, when married it -was thought that she was very badly treated by Doctor Rouget. Her -husband believed that she was unfaithful to him for the sake of the -sub-delegate, Lousteau. Madame Rouget, deprived of her dearly-beloved -daughter, and finding her son lacking altogether in affection for her, -declined rapidly and died early in 1799, unwept by her husband, who -had counted correctly on her early death. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -ROUGET (Jean-Jacques), born at Issoudun in 1768, son of the preceding -couple, brother of Madame Bridau, who was ten years his junior. -Entirely lacking in intellect, he became wildly in love with Flore -Brazier, whom he knew as a child in his father's house. He made this -girl his servant-mistress soon after the doctor's death, and allowed -her lover, Maxence Gilet, near her. He finally married her in 1823, -being urged to do so by his nephew, Philippe Bridau, who soon took -Rouget to Paris, and there arranged for the old man's early death by -starting him into dissipation. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] After the -death of J.-J. Rouget, the Baudrayes of Sancerre bought part of his -furniture, and had it removed from Issoudun to Anzy, where they placed -it in their castle, which had formerly belonged to the Cadignans. [The -Muse of the Department.] -</p> -<p> -ROUGET (Madame Jean-Jacques). (See Bridau, Madame Philippe.) -</p> -<p> -ROUSSE (La), significant name given Madame Prelard. (See this last -name.) -</p> -<p> -ROUSSEAU, driver of the public hack which carried the taxes collected -at Caen. This conveyance was attacked and plundered by robbers in May, -1809, in the forest of Chesnay, near Mortagne, Orne. Rousseau, being -looked upon as an accomplice of the robbers, was included in the -prosecution which took place soon after; but he was acquitted. [The -Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -ROUSTAN, Mameluke, in the service of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was with -his master on the eve of the battle of Jena, October 13, 1806, when -Laurence de Cinq-Cygne and M. de Chargeboeuf observed him holding the -Emperor's horse as Napoleon dismounted. This was just before these two -approached the Emperor to ask pardon for the Hauteserres and the -Simeuses, who had been condemned as accomplices in the abduction of -Senator Malin. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -ROUVILLE (de), (See Leseigneur, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -ROUVRE (Marquis du), father of the Comtesse Clementine Laginska; threw -away a considerable fortune, by means of which he had brought about -his marriage with a Ronquerolles maiden. This fortune was partly eaten -up by Florine, "one of the most charming actresses of Paris." [The -Imaginary Mistress.] M. du Rouvre was the brother-in-law of the Comte -de Serizy, who, like him, had married a Ronquerolles. Having been a -marquis under the old regime, M. du Rouvre was created count and made -chamberlain by the Emperor. [A Start in Life.] In 1829, M. du Rouvre, -then ruined, lived at Nemours. He had near this city a castle which he -sold at great loss to Minoret-Levrault. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -ROUVRE (Chevalier du), younger brother of the Marquis du Rouvre; an -eccentric old bachelor, who became wealthy by dealing in houses and -real estate, and is supposed to have left his fortune to his niece, -the Comtesse Clementine Laginska. [The Imaginary Mistress. Ursule -Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -ROUZEAU, an Angouleme printer, predecessor and master of -Jerome-Nicolas Sechard, in the eighteenth century. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -RUBEMPRE (Lucien-Chardon de), born in 1800 at Angouleme; son of -Chardon, a surgeon in the armies of the Republic who became an -apothecary in that town, and of Mademoiselle de Rubempre, his wife, -the descendant of a very noble family. He was a journalist, poet, -romance writer, author of "Les Marguerites," a book of sonnets, and of -the "Archer de Charles IX.," a historical romance. He shone for a time -in the salon of Madame de Bargeton, born Marie-Louise-Anais de -Negrepelisse, who became enamored of him, enticed him to Paris, and -there deserted him, at the instigation of her cousin, Madame d'Espard. -He met the members of the Cenacle on rue des Quatre-Vents, and became -well acquainted with D'Arthez. Etienne Lousteau, who revealed to him -the shameful truth concerning literary life, introduced him to the -well-known publisher, Dauriat, and escorted him to an opening night at -the Panorama-Dramatique theatre, where the poet saw the charming -Coralie. She loved him at first sight, and he remained true to her -until her death in 1822. Started by Lousteau into undertaking Liberal -journalism, Lucien de Rubempre passed over suddenly to the Royalist -side, founding the "Reveil," an extremely partisan organ, with the -hope of obtaining from the King the right to adopt the name of his -mother. At this time he frequented the social world and thus brought -to poverty his mistress. He was wounded in a duel by Michel Chrestien, -whom he had made angry by an article in the "Reveil," which had -severely criticised a very excellent book by Daniel d'Arthez. Coralie -having died, he departed for Angouleme on foot, with no resources -except twenty francs that Berenice, the cousin and servant of her -mistress, had received from chance lovers. He came near dying of -exhaustion and sorrow, very near the city of his birth. He found there -Madame de Bargeton, then the wife of Comte Sixte du Chatelet, prefect -of Charente and a state councilor. Despite the warm reception given -him, first by a laudatory article in a local newspaper, and next by a -serenade from his young fellow-citizens, he left Angouleme hastily, -desperate at having been responsible for the ruin of his brother-in-law, -David Sechard, and contemplating suicide. While walking along he -chanced upon Canon Carlos Herrera (Jacques Collin—Vautrin), who took -him to Paris and became the guardian of his future career. In 1824, -while passing an evening at the theatre Porte-Saint-Martin, Rubempre -became acquainted with Esther Van Gobseck, called La Torpille, a -courtesan. They were both seized at once with a violent love. A little -later, at the last Opera ball of the winter of 1824, they would have -compromised their security and pleasure if it had not been for the -interference of Jacques Collin, called Vautrin, and if Lucien had not -denied certain people the pleasure of satisfying their ill-willed -curiosity, by agreeing to take supper at Lointier's.[*] Lucien de -Rubempre sought to become the son-in-law of the Grandlieus; he was -welcomed by the Rabourdins; he became the protector of Savinien de -Portenduere; he became the lover of Mmes. Maufrigneuse and Serizy, and -the beloved of Lydie Peyrade. His life of ambition and of pleasure -ended in the Conciergerie, where he was imprisoned unjustly, charged -with robbing and murdering Esther, or with being an accomplice. He -hanged himself while in prison, May 15, 1830. [Lost Illusions. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. The Government Clerks. Ursule -Mirouet. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Lucien de Rubempre lived in -turn in Paris at the Hotel du Gaillard-Bois, rue de l'Echelle, in a -room in the Quartier Latin, in the Hotel de Cluny on the street of the -same name, in a lodging-house on rue Charlot, in another on rue de la -Lune in company with Coralie, in a little apartment on rue Cassette -with Jacques Collin, who followed him at least to one of his two -houses on the Quai Malaquais and on rue Taitbout, the former home of -Beaudenord and of Caroline de Bellefeuille. He is buried in -Pere-Lachaise in a costly tomb which contains also the body of Esther -Gobseck, and in which there is a place reserved for Jacques Collin. A -series of articles, sharp and pointed, on Rubempre is entitled "Les -Passants de Paris." -</p> -<pre> -[*] The Lointier restaurant, on rue Richelieu, opposite rue de la - Bourse, was very popular about 1846 with the "four hundred." -</pre> -<p> -RUFFARD, called Arrachelaine, a robber and at the same time employed -by Bibi-Lupin, chief of secret police in 1830; connected, with Godet, -in the assassination of the Crottats, husband and wife, committed by -Dannepont, called La Pouraille. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -RUFFIN, born in 1815, the instructor of Francis Graslin after 1840. -Ruffin was a professional teacher, and was possessed of a wonderful -amount of information. His extreme tenderness "did not exclude from -his nature the severity necessary on the part of one who wishes to -govern a child." He was of pleasing appearance, known for his patience -and piety. He was taken to Madame Graslin from his diocese by the -Archbishop Dutheil, and had, for at least nine years, the direction of -the young man who had been put in his charge. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -RUSTICOLI. (See La Palferine.) -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0022"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - S -</h2> -<p> -SABATIER, police-agent; Corentin regretted not having had his -assistance in the search with Peyrade, at Gondreville, in 1803. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -SABATIER (Madame), born in 1809. She formerly sold slippers in the -trade gallery of the Palais de Justice, in Paris; widow of a man who -killed himself by excessive drinking, became a trained nurse, and -married a man whom she had nursed and had cured of an affection of the -urinary ducts ("lurinary," according to Madame Cibot), and by whom she -had a fine child. She lived in rue Barre-du-Bec. Madame Bordevin, a -relative, wife of a butcher of the rue Charlot, was god-mother of the -child. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -SAGREDO, a very wealthy Venetian senator, born in 1730, husband of -Bianca Vendramini; was strangled, in 1760, by Facino Cane, whom he had -found with Bianca, conversing on the subject of love, but in an -entirely innocent way. [Facino Cane.] -</p> -<p> -SAGREDA (Bianca), wife of the preceding, born Vendramini, about 1742; -in 1760, she undeservingly incurred the suspicion, in the eyes of her -husband, of criminal relations with Facino Cane, and was unwilling to -follow her platonic friend away from Venice after the murder of -Sagredo. [Facino Cane.] -</p> -<p> -SAILLARD, a clerk of mediocre talent in the Department of Finance, -during the reigns of Louis XVIII. and of Charles X.; formerly -book-keeper at the Treasury, where he is believed to have succeeded the -elder Poiret;[*] he was afterwards appointed chief cashier, and held -that position a long while. Saillard married Mademoiselle Bidault, a -daughter of a furniture merchant, whose establishment was under the -pillars of the Paris market, and a niece of the bill-discounter on rue -Greneta; he had by her a daughter, Elisabeth, who became by marriage -Madame Isidore Baudoyer; owned an old mansion on Place Royale, where -he lived together with the family of Isidore Baudoyer; he became mayor -of his ward during the monarchy of July, and renewed then his -acquaintance with his old comrades of the department, the Minards and -the Thuilliers. [The Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] The Compilers subsequently dispute this. -</pre> -<p> -SAILLARD (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Bidault, in 1767; niece -of the bill-discounter called Gigonnet; was the leading spirit of the -household on Place Royale, and, above all, the counselor of her -husband; she reared her daughter Elisabeth, who became Madame -Baudoyer, very strictly. [Cesar Birotteau. The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -SAIN, shared with Augustin the sceptre of miniature painting under the -Empire. In 1809, before the Wagram campaign, he painted a miniature of -Montcornet, then young and handsome; this painting passed from the -hands of Madame Fortin, mistress of the future marshal, to the hands -of their daughter, Madame Valerie Crevel (formerly Marneffe). [Cousin -Betty.] -</p> -<p> -SAINT-DENIS (De), assumed name of the police-agent, Corentin. -</p> -<p> -SAINTE-BEAUVE (Charles-Augustin), born at Boulogne-sur-Mer in 1805; -died in Paris in 1869; an academician and senator under the Second -Empire. An illustrious Frenchman of letters whom Raoul Nathan imitated -poorly enough before Beatrix de Rochefide in his account of the -adventures of Charles-Edouard Rusticoli de la Palferine. [A Prince of -Bohemia.] -</p> -<p> -SAINTE-SEVERE (Madame de), cousin to Gaston de Nueil, lived in Bayeux, -where she received, in 1822, her young kinsman, just convalescing from -some inflammatory disorder caused by excess in study or in pleasure. -[The Deserted Woman.] -</p> -<p> -SAINT-ESTEVE (De), name of Jacques Collin as chief of the secret -police. -</p> -<p> -SAINT-ESTEVE (Madame de), an assumed name, shared by Madame Jacqueline -Collin and Madame Nourrisson. -</p> -<p> -SAINT-FOUDRILLE (De), a "brilliant scholar," lived in Paris, and most -likely in the Saint-Jacques district, at least about 1840, the time -when Thuillier wished to know him. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -SAINT-FOUDRILLE (Madame de), wife of the preceding, received, about -1840, a very attentive visit from the Thuillier family. [The Middle -Classes.] -</p> -<p> -SAINT-GEORGES (Chevalier de), 1745-1801, a mulatto, of superb figure -and features, son of a former general; captain of the guards of the -Duc d'Orleans; served with distinction under Dumouriez; arrested in -1794 on suspicion, and released after the 9th Thermidor; he became -distinguished in the pleasing art of music, and especially in the art -of fencing. The Chevalier de Saint-Georges traded at the Cat and -Racket on the rue Saint-Denis, but did not pay his debts. Monsieur -Guillaume had obtained a judgment of the consular government against -him. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] Later he was made popular by -a production of a comedie-vaudeville of Roger de Beauvoir, at the -Varietees under Louis Philippe, with the comedian Lafont[*] as -interpreter. -</p> -<pre> -[*] Complimented in 1836, at the chateau of Madame de la Baudraye, by - Etienne Lousteau and Horace Bianchon. -</pre> -<p> -SAINT-GERMAIN (De), one of the assumed names of police-agent Peyrade. -</p> -<p> -SAINT-HEREEN (Comte de), husband of Moina d'Aiglemont, was heir of one -of the most illustrious houses of France. He lived with his wife and -mother-in-law in a house belonging to the former, on the rue Plumet -(now rue Oudinot), adjoining the Boulevard des Invalides; about the -middle of December, 1843, he left this house alone to go on a -political mission; during this time his wife received too willingly -the frequent and compromising visits of young Alfred de Vandenesse, -and his mother-in-law died suddenly. [A Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -SAINT-HEREEN (Countess Moina de), wife of the preceding; of five -children she was the only one that survived Monsieur and Madame -d'Aiglemont, in the second half of Louis Philippe's reign. Blindly -spoiled by her mother, she repaid that almost exclusive affection by -coldness only, or even disdain. By a cruel word Moina caused the death -of her mother; she dared, indeed, to recall to her mother her former -relations with Marquis Charles de Vandenesse, whose son Alfred she -herself was receiving with too much pleasure in the absence of -Monsieur de Saint-Hereen. [A Woman of Thirty.] In a conversation -concerning love with the Marquise de Vandenesse, Lady Dudley, -Mademoiselle des Touches, the Marquise of Rochefide, and Madame -d'Espard, Moina laughingly remarked: "A lover is forbidden fruit, a -statement that sums up the whole case with me." [A Daughter of Eve.] -Madame Octave de Camps, referring to Nais de l'Estorade, then a girl, -made the following cutting remark: "That little girl makes me anxious; -she reminds me of Moina d'Aiglemont." [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -SAINT-MARTIN (Louis-Claude de), called the "Unknown Philosopher," was -born on the 18th of January, 1743, at Amboise, and died October 13, -1803; he was very often received at Clochegourde by Madame de -Verneuil, an aunt of Madame de Mortsauf, who knew him there. At -Clochegourde, Saint-Martin superintended the publication of his last -books, which were printed at Letourmy's in Tours. [The Lily of the -Valley.] -</p> -<p> -SAINT-VIER (Madame de). (See Gentillet.) -</p> -<p> -SAINTOT (Astolphe de), one of the frequenters of the Bargeton salon at -Angouleme; president of the society of agriculture of his town; though -"ignorant as a carp," he passed for a scholar of the first rank; and, -though he did nothing, he let it be believed that he had been occupied -for several years with writing a treatise on modern methods of -cultivation. His success in the world was due, for the most part, to -quotations from Cicero, learned by heart in the morning and recited in -the evening. Though a tall, stout, red-faced man, Saintot seemed to be -ruled by his wife. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -SAINTOT (Madame de), wife of the preceding. Her Christian name was -Elisa, and she was usually called Lili, a childish designaton that was -in strong contrast with the character of this lady, who was dry and -solemn, extremely pious, and a cross and quarrelsome card-player. -[Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -SALLENAUVE (Francois-Henri-Pantaleon-Dumirail, Marquis de), a noble of -Champagne, lost and ruined by cards, in his old age was reduced to the -degree of a street-sweep, under the service of Jacques Bricheteau. -[The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -SALLENAUVE (Comte de), legal son of the preceding, was born in 1809 of -the relations of Catherine-Antoinette Goussard and Jacques Collin; -grandson of Danton through his mother; school-mate of Marie Gaston, -whose friend he continued to be, and for whom he fought a duel. For a -long time he knew nothing of his family, but lived almost to the age -of thirty under the name of Charles Dorlange. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -SALLENAUVE (Comtesse de), wife of the preceding, born Jeanne-Athenais -de l'Estorade (Nais, by familiar abbreviation) in February, 1827; the -precocious and rather spoilt child of the Comte and Comtesse Louis de -l'Estorade. [Letters of Two Brides. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -SALMON, formerly expert in the museum at Paris. In 1826, while on a -visit at Tours, whither he had gone to see his mother-in-law, he was -engaged to assess a "Virgin" by Valentin and a "Christ" by Lebrun, -paintings which Abbe Francois Birotteau had inherited from Abbe -Chapeloud, having left them in an apartment recently occupied by -himself at Mademoiselle Sophie Gamard's. [The Vicar of Tours.] -</p> -<p> -SALOMON (Joseph), of Tours, or near Tours, uncle and guardian to -Pauline Salomon de Villenoix, a very rich Jewess. He was deeply -attached to his niece and wished a brilliant match for her. Louis -Lambert, who was engaged to Pauline, said: "This terrible Salomon -freezes me; this man is not of our heaven." [Louis Lambert.] -</p> -<p> -SAMANON, a squint-eyed speculator, followed the various professions of -a money-handler during the reigns of Louis XVIII., Charles X., and -Louis Philippe. In 1821, Lucien de Rubempre, still a novice, visited -Samanon's establishment in the Faubourg Poissonniere, where he was -then engaged in the numerous trades of dealing in old books and old -clothes, of brokerage, and of discount. There he found a certain great -man of unknown identity, a Bohemian and cynic, who had come to borrow -his own clothes that he had left in pawn. [A Distinguished Provincial -at Paris.] Nearly three years later, Samanon was the man of straw of -the Gobseck-Bidault (Gigonnet) combination, who were persecuting -Chardin des Lupeaulx for the payment of debts due them. [The -Government Clerks.] After 1830, the usurer joined with the Cerizets -and the Claparons when they tried to circumvent Maxime de Trailles. [A -Man of Business.] The same Samanon, about 1844, had bills to the value -of ten thousand francs against Baron Hulot d'Ervy, who was seeking -refuge under the name of Father Vyder. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -SAN-ESTEBAN (Marquise de), a foreign and aristocratic sounding assumed -name, under which Jacqueline Collin disguised herself when she visited -the Conciergerie, in May, 1830, to see Jacques Collin, himself under -the incognito of Carlos Herrera. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -SAN-REAL (Don Hijos, Marquis de), born about 1735, a powerful -nobleman; he enjoyed the friendship of Ferdinand VII., King of Spain, -and married a natural daughter of Lord Dudley, Margarita-Euphemia -Porraberil (born of a Spanish mother), with whom he lived in Paris, in -1815, in a mansion on the rue Saint-Lazare, near Nucingen. [The -Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -SAN REAL (Marquise de), wife of the preceding, born Margarita-Euphemia -Porraberil, natural daughter of Lord Dudley and a Spanish woman, and -sister of Henri de Marsay; had the restless energy of her brother, -whom she resembled also in appearance. Brought up at Havana, she was -then taken back to Madrid, accompanied by a creole girl of the -Antilles, Paquita Valdes, with whom she maintained passionate -unnatural relations, that marriage did not interrupt and which were -being continued in Paris in 1815, when the marquise, meeting a rival -in her brother, Henri de Marsay, killed Paquita. After this murder, -Madame de San Real retired to Spain to the convent of Los Dolores. -[The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -SANSON (Charles-Henri), public executioner in the period of the -Revolution, and beheader of Louis XVI.; he attended two masses -commemorating the death of the King, celebrated in 1793 and 1794, by -the Abbe de Marolles, to whom his identity was afterwards disclosed by -Ragon. [An Episode under the Terror.] -</p> -<p> -SANSON, son of the preceding, born about 1770, descended, as was his -father, from headsmen of Rouen. After having been captain of cavalry -he assisted his father in the execution of Louis XVI.; was his agent -when scaffolds were operated at the same time in the Place Louis XV. -and the Place du Trone, and eventually succeeded him. Sanson was -prepared to "accommodate" Theodore Calvi in May, 1830; he awaited the -condemning order, which was not issued. He had the appearance of a -rather distinguished Englishman. At least Sanson gave Jacques Collin -that impression, when he met the ex-convict, then confined at the -Conciergerie. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Sanson lived in the -rue des Marais (the district of the Faubourg Saint-Martin), which is a -much shorter street now than formerly. -</p> -<p> -SARCUS was justice of the peace, in the reign of Louis XVIII., at -Soulanges (Bourgogne), where he lived on his fifteen hundred francs, -together with the rent of a house in which he lived, and three hundred -francs from the public funds. Sarcus married the elder sister of -Vermut, the druggist of Soulanges, by whom he had a daughter, Adeline, -afterwards Madame Adolphe Sibilet. This functionary of inferior order, -a handsome little old man with iron-gray hair, was none the less the -politician of the first order in the society of Soulanges, which was -completely under Madame Soudry's sway, and which counted almost all -Montcornet's enemies. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SARCUS, cousin in the third degree of the preceding; called Sarcus the -Rich; in 1817 a counselor at the prefecture of the department of -Bourgogne, which Monsieur de la Roche-Hugon and Monsieur de Casteran -governed successively under the Restoration, and which included as -dependencies Ville-aux-Fayes, Soulanges, Blangy, and Aigues. He -recommended Sibilet as steward for Aigues, which was Montcornet's -estate. Sarcus the Rich was a member of the Chamber of Deputies; he -was also said to be right-hand man to the prefect. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SARCUS (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Vallat, in 1778, of a -family connected with the Gaubertins, was supposed in her youth to -have favored Monsieur Lupin, who, in 1823, was still paying devoted -attentions to this woman of forty-five, the mother of an engineer. -[The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SARCUS, son of the preceding couple, became, in 1823, general engineer -of bridges and causeways of Ville-aux-Fayes, thus completing the group -of powerful native families hostile to the Montcornets. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SARCUS-TAUPIN, a miller at Soulanges, who enjoyed an income of fifty -thousand francs; the Nucingen of his town; was father of a daughter -whose hand was sought by Lupin, the notary, and by President Gendrin -for their respective sons. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SARRASINE (Matthieu or Mathieu), a laborer in the neighborhood of -Saint-Die, father of a rich lawyer of Franche-Comte, and grandfather -of the sculptor, Ernest-Jean Sarrasine. [Sarrasine.] -</p> -<p> -SARRASINE, a rich lawyer of Franche-Comte in the eighteenth century, -father of the sculptor, Ernest-Jean Sarrasine. [Sarrasine.] -</p> -<p> -SARRASINE (Ernest-Jean), a famous French sculptor, son of the -preceding and grandson of Matthieu Sarrasine. When quite young he -showed a calling for art strong enough to combat the will of his -father, who wished him to adopt the legal profession; he went to -Paris, entered Bouchardon's studio, found a friend and protector in -this master; became acquainted with Madame Geoffrin, Sophie Arnould, -the Baron d'Holbach, and J.-J. Rousseau. Having become the lover of -Clotilde, the famous singer at the Opera, Sarrasine won the sculptor's -prize founded by Marigny, a brother of La Pompadour, and received -praise from Diderot. He then went to Rome to live (1758); became -intimate with Vien, Louthrebourg,[*] Allegrain, Vitagliani, Cicognara, -and Chigi. He then fell madly in love with the eunuch Zambinella, -uncle of the Lanty-Duvignons; believing him to be a woman, he made a -magnificent bust of the singular singer, who was kept by Cicognara, -and, having carried him off, was murdered at the instigation of his -rival in the same year, 1758. The story of Sarrasine's life was -related, during the Restoration, to Beatrix de Rochefide. [Sarrasine. -The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] Or Louthrebourg, and also Lauterbourg, intentionally left out in - the Repertory because of the various ways of spelling the name. -</pre> -<p> -SAUTELOUP, familiarly called "Father Sauteloup," had the task, in May, -1830, of reading to Theodore Calvi, who was condemned to death and a -prisoner in the Conciegerie, the denial of his petition for appeal. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -SAUVAGE (Madame), a person of repulsive appearance, and of doubtful -morality, the servant-mistress of Maitre Fraisier; on the death of -Pons, kept house for Schmucke, who inherited from Pons to the -prejudice of the Camusot de Marvilles. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -SAUVAGE, first deputy of the king's attorney at Alencon; a young -magistrate, married, harsh, stiff, ambitious, and selfish; took sides -against Victurnien d'Esgrignon in the notorious affair known as the -D'Esgrignon-Du-Bousquier case; after the famous lawsuit he was sent to -Corsica. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -SAUVAGNEST, successor of the attorney Bordin, and predecessor of -Maitre Desroches; was an attorney in Paris. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -SAUVAIGNOU (of Marseilles), a head carpenter, had a hand in the sale -of the house on the Place de la Madeleine which was bought in 1840, by -the Thuilliers at the urgent instance of Cerizet, Claparon, Dutocq, -and especially Theodose de la Peyrade. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -SAUVIAT (Jerome-Baptiste), born in Auvergne, about 1747; a traveling -tradesman from 1792 to 1796; of commercial tastes, rough, energetic, -and avaricious; of a profoundly religious nature; was imprisoned -during the Terror; barely escaped being beheaded for abetting the -escape of a bishop; married Mademoiselle Champagnac at Limoges in -1797; had by her a daughter, Veronique (Madame Pierre Graslin); after -the death of his father-in-law, he bought, in the same town, the house -which he was occupying as tenant and where he sold old iron; he -continued his business there; retired from business in wealth, but -still, at a later period, went as superintendent into a porcelain -factory with J.-F. Tascheron; gave his attention to that work for at -least three years, and died then through an accident in 1827. [The -Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -SAUVIAT (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Champagnac, about 1767; -daughter of a coppersmith of Limoges, who became a widower in 1797, -and from whom she afterwards inherited. Madame Sauviat lived, in turn, -near the rue de la Vieille-Poste, a suburb of Limoges, and at -Montegnac. Like Sauviat, she was industrious, rough, grasping, -economical, and hard, but pious withal; and like him, too, she adored -Veronique, whose terrible secret she knew,—a sort of Marcellange -affair.[*] [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] A famous criminal case of the time. -</pre> -<p> -SAVARON DE SAVARUS, a noble and wealthy family, whose various members -known in the eighteenth century were as follows: Savaron de Savarus -(of Tournai), a Fleming, true to Flemish traditions, with whom the -Claes and the Pierquins seem to have had transactions. [The Quest of -the Absolute.] Mademoiselle Savarus, a native of Brabant, a wealthy -unmarried heiress; Savarus (Albert), a French attorney, descended, but -not lineally, from the Comte de Savarus. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -SAVARUS (Albert Savaron de), of the family of the preceding list, but -natural son of the Comte de Savarus, was born about 1798; was -secretary to a minister of Charles X., and was also Master of -Requests. The Revolution of 1830 fatally interrupted a very promising -career; a deep love, which was reciprocated, for the Duchesse -d'Argaiolo (afterwards Madame Alphonse de Rhetore), restored to -Savarus his energetic and enterprising spirit; he succeeded in being -admitted to the bar of Besancon, built up a good practice, succeeded -brilliantly, founded the "Revue de l'Est," in which he published an -autobiographic novel, "L'Ambitieux par Amour," and met with warm -support in his candidacy for the Chamber of Deputies (1834). Albert -Savarus, with his mask of a deep thinker, might have seen all his -dreams realized, but for the romantic and jealous fancies of Rosalie -de Watteville, who discovered and undid the advocate's plans, by -bringing about the second marriage of Madame d'Argaiolo. His hopes -thus baffled, Albert Savarus became a friar of the parent institution -of the Carthusians, which was situated near Grenoble, and was known as -Brother Albert. [The Quest of the Absolute. Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -SCHERBELLOFF, Scherbelloff, or Sherbelloff (Princesse), maternal -grandmother of Madame de Montcornet. [The Peasantry. Jealousies of a -Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -SCHILTZ married a Barnheim (of Baden), and had by her a daughter, -Josephine, afterwards Madame Fabien du Ronceret; was an "intrepid -officer, a chief among those bold Alsatian partisans who almost saved -the Emperor in the campaign of France." He died at Metz, despoiled and -ruined. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -SCHILTZ (Josephine), otherwise known as Madame Schontz. (See Ronceret, -Madame Fabien du.) -</p> -<p> -SCHINNER (Mademoiselle), mother of Hippolyte Schinner, the painter, -and daughter of an Alsatian farmer; being seduced by a coarse but -wealthy man, she refused the money offered as compensation for -refusing to legitimize their liaison, and consoled herself in the joys -of maternity, the duties whereof she fulfilled with the most perfect -devotion. At the time of her son's marriage she was living in Paris, -and shared with him an apartment situated near the artist's studio, -and not far from the Madeleine, on the rue des Champs-Elysees. [The -Purse.] -</p> -<p> -SCHINNER (Hippolyte), a painter, natural son of the preceding; of -Alsatian origin, and recognized by his mother only; a pupil of Gros, -in whose studio he formed a close intimacy with Joseph Bridau. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] He was married during the reign of Louis -XVIII.; he was at that time a knight of the Legion of Honor, and was -already a celebrated character. While working in Paris, near the -Madeleine, in a house belonging to Molineux, he met the other -occupants, Madame and Mademoiselle Leseigneur de Rouville, and seems -to have imitated with respect to them the delicate conduct of their -benefactor and friend, Kergarouet; was touched by the cordiality -extended to him by the baroness in spite of his poverty; he loved -Adelaide de Rouville, and the passion being reciprocated, he married -her. [The Purse.] Being associated with Pierre Grassou, he gave him -excellent advice, which this indifferent artist was scarceley able to -profit by. [Pierre Grassou.] In 1822, the Comte de Serizy employed -Schinner to decorate the chateau of Presles; Joseph Bridau, who was -trying his hand, completed the master's work, and even, in a passing -fit of levity, appropriated his name. [A Start in Life.] Schinner was -mentioned in the autobiographical novel of Albert Savarus, -"L'Ambitieux par Amour." [Albert Savarus.] He was the friend of Xavier -Rabourdin. [The Government Clerks.] He drew vignettes for the works of -Canalis. [Modeste Mignon.] To him we owe the remarkable ceilings of -Adam Laginski's house situated on the rue de la Pepiniere. [The -Imaginary Mistress.] About 1845, Hippolyte Schinner lived not far from -the rue de Berlin, near Leon de Lora, to whom he had been first -instructor. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -SCHINNER (Madame), wife of Hippolyte Schinner, born Adelaide -Leseigneur de Rouville, daughter of the Baron and Baronne de Rouville, -her father being a naval officer; lived during the Restoration in -Paris with her mother, boarding at a house situated on the rue de -Surene and belonging to Molineux. Bereft of her father, the future -Madame Schinner would then have found it difficult to await the slow -adjustment of her father's pension, had not their old friend, Admiral -de Kergarouet, come in his unobtrusive way to the assistance of -herself and her mother. About the same time she nursed their neighbor, -Hippolyte Schinner, who was suffering from the effects of a fall, and -conceived for him a love that was returned; the gift of a little -embroidered purse on the part of the young woman brought about the -marriage. [The Purse.] -</p> -<p> -SCHMUCKE (Wilhelm), a German Catholic, and a man of great musical -talent; open-hearted, absent-minded, kind, sincere, of simple manners, -of gentle and upright bearing. Originally he was precentor to the -Margrave of Anspach; he had known Hoffman, the eccentric writer of -Berlin, in whose memory he afterwards had a cat named Murr. Schmucke -then went to Paris; in 1835-36, he lived there in a small apartment on -the Quai Conti, at the corner of the rue de Nevers.[*] Previous to -this, in the Quartier du Marais, he gave lessons in harmony, that were -much appreciated, to the daughters of the Granvilles, afterwards -Mesdames de Vandenesse and du Tillet; at a later period the former -lady asked him to endorse some notes of hand for Raoul Nathan's -benefit. [A Daughter of Eve.] Schmucke was also instructor of Lydie -Peyrade before her marriage with Theodose de la Peyrade. [Scenes from -a Courtesan's Life]; but those whom he regarded as his favorite pupils -were Mesdames de Vandenesse and du Tillet, and the future Vicomtesse -de Portenduere, Mademoiselle Mirouet of Nemours, the three -"Saint-Cecilias" who combined to pay him an annuity. [Ursule Mirouet.] -The former precentor, now of ugly and aged appearance, readily obtained -a welcome with the principals of boarding-schools for young ladies. At a -distribution of prizes he was brought in contact with Sylvain Pons for -whom he immediately felt an affection that proved to be mutual (1834). -Their intimacy brought them under the same roof, rue de Normandie, as -tenants of C.-J. Pillerault (1836). Schmucke lived for nine years in -perfect happiness. Gaudissart, having become manager of a theatre, -employed him in his orchestra, entrusted him with the work of making -copies of the music, and employed him to play the piano and various -instruments that were not used in the boulevard theatres: the viol -d'amore, English horn, violoncello, harp, castanets, bells, saxhorns, -etc. Pons made him his residuary legatee (April, 1845); but the -innocent German was not strong enough to contend with Maitre Fraisier, -agent of the Camusot de Marvilles, who were ignored in this will. In -spite of Topinard, to whom, in despair at the death of his friend, he -went to demand hospitality, in the Bordin district, Schmucke allowed -himself to be swindled, and was soon carried off by apoplexy. [Cousin -Pons.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] Perhaps the former lodging place of Napoleon Bonaparte. -</pre> -<p> -SCHONTZ (Madame), name borne by Mademoiselle Schiltz, afterwards -Madame Fabien du Ronceret. (See this last name.) -</p> -<p> -SCHWAB (Wilhelm), born at Strasbourg in the early part of the -nineteenth century, of the German family of Kehl, had Frederic (Fritz) -Brunner as his friend, whose follies he shared, whose poverty he -relieved, and with whom he went to Paris; there they went to the Hotel -du Rhin, rue du Mail, kept by Johann Graff, father of Emilie, and -brother of the famous tailor, Wolfgang Graff. Schwab kept books for -this rival of Humann and Staub. Several years later he played the -flute at the theatre at which Sylvain Pons directed the orchestra. -During an intermission at the first brilliant performance of "La -Fiancee du Diable," presented in the fall of 1844, Schwab invited Pons -through Schmucke to his approaching wedding; he married Mademoiselle -Emilie Graff—a love-match—and joined in business with Frederic -Brunner, who was a banker and enriched by the inheritance of his -father's property. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -SCHWAB (Madame Wilhelm), wife of the preceding; born Mademoiselle -Emilie Graff; an accomplished beauty, niece of Wolfgang Graff, the -wealthy tailor, who provided her with dowry. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -SCIO (Madame), a prominent singer of the Theatre Feydeau in 1798, was -very beautiful in "Les Peruviens," a comic opera by Mongenod, produced -with very indifferent success. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -SCOEVOLA (Mucius). Under this assumed name was concealed, during the -Terror, a man who had been huntsman to the Prince de Conti, to whom he -owed his fortune. A plasterer, and proprietor of a small house in -Paris, on about the highest point of the Faubourg Saint-Martin,[*] -near the rue d'Allemagne, he affected an exaggerated civism, which -masked an unfailing fidelity to the Bourbons, and he in some -mysterious way afforded protection to Sisters Marthe and Agathe -(Mesdemoiselles de Beauseant and de Langeais), nuns who had escaped -from the Abbey of Chelles, and were, with Abbe de Marolles, taking -refuge under his roof. [An Episode under the Terror.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] His parish was the Saint-Laurent church, which for a while during - the Revolution had the name of Temple of Fidelity. -</pre> -<p> -SECHARD (Jerome-Nicolas), born in 1743. After having been a workman in -a printer's shop of Angouleme situated on the Place du Murier, though -very illiterate, he became its owner at the beginning of the -Revolution; was acquainted at that time with the Marquis de Maucombe, -married a woman that was provided with a certain competency, but soon -lost her, after having by her a son, David. In the reign of Louis -XVIII., fearing the competition of Cointet, J.-N. Sechard retired from -active life, selling his business to his son, whom he intentionally -deceived in the trade, and moved to Marsac, near Angouleme, where he -raised grapes, and drank to excess. During all the latter part of his -life, Sechard mercilessly aggravated the commercial difficulties which -his son David was struggling against. The old miser died about 1829, -leaving property of some value. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -SECHARD (David), only son of the preceding, school-mate and friend of -Lucien de Rubempre, learned the art of printing from the Didots of -Paris. On one occasion, upon his return to his native soil, he gave -many evidences of his kindness and delicacy; having purchased his -father's printing shop, he allowed himself to be deliberately cheated -and duped by him; employed as proof-reader Lucien de Rubempre, whose -sister, Eve Chardon, he adored with a passion that was fully -reciprocated; he married her in spite of the poverty of both parties, -for his business was on the decline. The expense involved, the -competition of the Cointets, and especially his experiments as -inventor in the hope of finding the secret of a particular way of -making paper, reduced him to very straitened circumstances. Indeed, -everything combined to destroy Sechard; the cunning and power of the -Cointet house, the spying of the ungrateful Cerizet, formerly his -apprentice, the disorderly life of Lucien de Rubempre, and the jealous -greed of his father. A victim of the wiles of Cointet, Sechard -abandoned his discovery, resigned himself to his fate, inherited from -his father, and cheered by the devotion of the Kolbs, dwelt in Marsac, -where Derville, led by Corentin, hunted him out with a view to gaining -information as to the origin of Lucien de Rubempre's million. [Lost -Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -SECHARD (Madame David), wife of the preceding, born Eve Chardon in -1804, daughter of a druggist of L'Houmeau (a suburb of Angouleme), and -a member of the house of Rubempre; worked first at the house of Madame -Prieur, a laundress, for the consideration of fifteen sous a day; -manifested great devotion to her brother Lucien, and on marrying David -Sechard, in 1821, transferred her devotion to him; having undertaken -to manage the printing shop, she competed with Cerizet, Cointet, and -Petit-Claud, and almost succeeded in softening Jerome-Nicolas Sechard. -Madame Sechard shared with her husband the inheritance of old J.-N. -Sechard, and was then the modest chatelaine of La Verberie, at Marsac. -By her husband she had at least one child, named Lucien. Madame -Sechard was tall and of dark complexion, with blue eyes. [Lost -Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -SECHARD (Lucien), son of the preceding couple. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -SEGAUD, solicitor at Angouleme, was successor to Petit-Claud, a -magistrate about 1824. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -SELERIER, called the Auvergnat, Pere Ralleau, Le Rouleur, and -especially Fil-de Soie, belonged to the aristocracy of the galleys, -and was a member of the group of "Ten Thousand," whose chief was -Jacques Collin; the latter, however, suspected him of having sold him -to the police, about 1819, when Bibi-Lupin arrested him at the Vauquer -boarding-house. [Father Goriot.] In his business Selerier always -avoided bloodshed. He was of philosophical turn, very selfish, -incapable of love, and ignorant of the meaning of friendship. In May, -1830, when being a prisoner at the Conciergerie, and about to be -condemned to fifteen years of forced labor, he saw and recognized -Jacques Collin, the pseudo-Carlos Herrera, himself incriminated. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -SENONCHES (Jacques de), a noble of Angouleme, a great huntsman, stiff -and haughty, a sort of wild boar; lived on very good terms with his -wife's lover, Francois du Hautoy, and attended Madame de Bargeton's -receptions. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -SENONCHES (Madame Jacques de), wife of the preceding, bore the given -name of Zephirine, which was abbreviated to Zizine. By Francois du -Hautoy, her adored lover, she had a daughter, Francoise de la Haye, -who was presented as her ward, and who became Madame Petit-Claud. -[Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -SEPHERD (Carl), name assumed by Charles Grandet in the Indies, the -United States, Africa, etc., while he was in the slave-trading -business. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -SERIZY, or Serisy (Comte Hugret de), born in 1765, descended in direct -line from the famous President Hugret, ennobled under Francois I. The -motto of this family was "I, semper melius eris," so that the final -<i>s</i> of <i>melius</i>, the word <i>eris</i>, and the <i>I</i> of the beginning, -represented the name (Serizy) of the estate that had been made a -county. A son of a first president of Parliament (who died in 1794), -Serizy was himself, as early as 1787, a member of the Grand Council; -he did not emigrate during the Revolution, but remained in his estate -of Serizy, near Arpajon; became a member of the Council of Five -Hundred, and afterwards of the Council of State. The Empire made him a -count and a senator. Hugret de Serizy was married, in 1806, to -Leontine de Ronquerolles, the widow of General Gaubert. This union -made him the brother-in-law of the Marquis de Ronquerolles, and the -Marquis du Rouvre. Every honor was alloted to him in course; -chamberlain under the Empire, he afterwards became vice-president of -the Council of State, peer of France, Grand Cross of the Legion of -Honor, and member of the Privy Council. The glorious career of Serizy, -who was an unusually industrious person, did not offer compensation -for his domestic misfortunes. Hard work and protracted vigils soon -aged the high functionary, who was ever unable to win his wife's -heart; but he loved her and sheltered her none the less constantly. It -was chiefly to avenge her for the indiscretion of the volatile young -Oscar Husson, Moreau's godson, that he discharged the not overhonest -steward of Presles. [A Start in Life.] The system of government that -succeeded the Empire increased Serizy's influence and renown; he was -an intimate friend of the Bauvans and the Grandvilles. [A Bachelor's -Establishment. Honorine. Modeste Mignon.] His weakness in matters -concerning his wife was such that he assisted her in person, when, in -May, 1830, she hastened to the Conciergerie in the hope of saving her -lover, Lucien de Rubempre, and entered the cell where the young man -had just committed suicide. Serizy even consented to be executor of -the poet's will. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -SERIZY (Comtesse de), wife of the preceding, born Leontine de -Ronquerolles about 1784, sister of the Marquis du Ronquerolles; -married, as her first husband, General Gaubert, one of the most -illustrious soldiers of the Republic; married a second time, when -quite young, but could never entertain any feeling stronger than -respect for M. de Serizy, her second husband, by whom, however, she -had a son, an officer, who was killed during the reign of Louis -Philippe. [A Start in Life.] Worldly and brilliant, and a worthy rival -of Mesdames de Beauseant, de Langeais, de Maufrigneuse, de Carigliano, -and d'Espard, Leontine de Serizy had several lovers, among them being -Auguste de Maulincour, Victor d'Aiglemont and Lucien de Rubempre. [The -Thirteen. Ursule Mirouet. A Woman of Thirty.] This last liaison was a -very stormy one. Lucien acquired considerable influence over Madame de -Serizy, and made use of it to reach the Marquise d'Espard, by -effecting an annulment of the decree which she had obtained against -her husband, the Marquis d'Espard, placing him under guardianship. And -so it was that, during Rubempre's imprisonment and after his suicide, -she suffered the bitterest anguish. Leontine de Serizy almost broke -the bars of the Conciergerie, insulted Camusot, the examining -magistrate, and seemed to be beside herself. The intervention of -Jacques Collin saved her and cured her, when three famous physicians, -Messieurs Bianchon, Desplein, and Sinard declared themselves powerless -to relieve her. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] During the winter -the Comtesse de Serizy lived on the Chaussee-d'Antin; during the -summer at Serizy, her favorite residence, or still more at Presles, -and sometimes near Nemours in Le Rouvre, the seat of the family of -that name. Being a neighbor, in Paris, of Felicite des Touches, she -was a frequent visitor of that emulator of George Sand, and was at her -house when Marsay related the story of his first love-affair, taking -part herself in the conversation. [Another Study of Woman.] Being a -maternal aunt of Clementine du Rouvre, Madame de Serizy gave her a -handsome dowry when she married Laginski; with her brother -Ronquerolles, at his home on the rue de la Pepiniere, she met Thaddee -Paz, the Pole's comrade. [The Imaginary Mistress.] -</p> -<p> -SERIZY (Vicomte de), only son of the preceding couple, graduated from -the Ecole Polytechnique in 1825, and entered the cavalry regiment of -the Garde Royale, by favor, as sub-lieutenant, under command of the -Duc de Maufrigneuse; at this time Oscar Husson, nephew of Cardot, -entered the same regiment as a private. [A Start in Life.] In October, -1829, Serizy, being an officer in the company of the guards stationed -at Havre, was instructed to inform M. de Verneuil, proprietor of some -well-stocked Norman "preserves," that Madame could not participate in -the chase that he had organized. Having become enamored of Diane de -Maufrigneuse, the viscount found her at Verneuil's house; she received -his attentions, as a means of avenging herself on Leontine de Serizy, -then mistress of Lucien de Rubempre. [Modeste Mignon.] Being advanced -to the rank of lieutenant-colonel of a cavalry regiment, he was -severely wounded at the disastrous battle of Macta, in Africa (June -26, 1835), and died at Toulon as a result of his wounds. [The -Imaginary Mistress. A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -SERVAIS, the only good gilder in Paris, according to Elie Magus, whose -advice he heeded; he had the good sense to use English gold, which is -far better than the French. Like the book-binder, Thouvenin, he was in -love with his own work. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -SERVIEN (Prudence), born, in 1806, at Valenciennes, daughter of very -poor weavers, was employed, from the age of seven years, in a -spinning-mill; corrupted early by her life in the work-room, she was a -mother at the age of thirteen; having had to testify in the Court of -Assizes against Jean-Francois Durut, she made of him a formidable -enemy, and fell into the power of Jacques Collin, who promised to -shelter her from the resentment of the convict. She was at one time a -ballet-girl, and afterwards served as Esther van Gobseck's -chamber-maid, under the names of Eugenie and Europe; was the mistress -of Paccard, whom she very probably married afterwards; aided Vautrin -in fooling Nucingen and getting money from him. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -SERVIN, born about 1775, a distinguished painter, made a love-match -with the daughter of a penniless general; in 1815 was manager of a -studio in Paris, which was frequented by Mademoiselle Laure, and -Mesdemoiselles Mathilde-Melanie Roguin, Amelie Thirion and Ginevra di -Piombo, the last three of whom were afterwards, respectively, Mesdames -Tiphaine, Camusot de Marville, and Porta. Servin at that time was -concealing an exile who was sought by the police, namely Luigi Porta, -who married the master's favorite pupil, Mademoiselle Ginevra di -Piombo. [The Vendetta.] -</p> -<p> -SERVIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, remembering that the romance -of Porta and Ginevra's love had been the cause of all his pupils' -leaving her husband's studio, refused to shelter Mademoiselle de -Piombo when driven from her father's home. [The Vendetta.] -</p> -<p> -SEVERAC (De), born in 1764, a country gentleman, mayor of a village in -the canton of Angouleme, and the author of an article on silkworms, -was received at Madame de Bargeton's in 1821. A widower, without -children, and doubtless very rich, but not knowing the ways of the -world, one evening on the rue du Minage, he found as ready listeners -only the poor but aristocratic Madame du Brossard and her daughter -Camille, a young woman of twenty-seven years. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -SIBILET, clerk of the court at Ville-aux-Fayes (Bourgogne), distant -cousin of Francois Gaubertin, married a Mademoiselle Gaubertin-Vallat, -and had by that marriage six children. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SIBILET (Adolphe), eldest of the six children of the preceding, born -about 1793; was, at first, clerk to a notary, then an unimportant -employe in the land-registry office; and then, in the latter part of -the year 1817, succeeded his cousin, Francois Gaubertin, in the -administration of Aigues, General de Montcornet's estate, in -Bourgogne. Sibilet had married Mademoiselle Adeline Sarcus (of the -poor branch), who bore him two children in three years; his selfish -interest and his personal obligations led him to gratify the -ill-feeling of his predecessor, by being disloyal to Montcornet. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SIBILET (Madame Adolphe), wife of the preceding, born Adeline Sarcus, -only daughter of a justice of the peace, rich with beauty as her sole -fortune, she was reared by her mother, in the little village of -Soulanges (Bourgogne), with all possible care. Not having been able to -marry Amaury Lupin (son of Lupin the notary), with whom she was in -love, in despair she allowed herself, three years after her mother's -death, to be married, by her father, to the disagreeable and repulsive -Adolphe Sibilet. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SIBILET, son of the court clerk, and police commissioner at Ville-aux -Fayes. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SIBILET (Mademoiselle), daughter of the court clerk, afterwards Madame -Herve. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SIBILET, son of the court clerk, first clerk of Maitre Corbinet, -notary at Ville-aux-Fayes, to whom he was the appointed successor. -[The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SIBILET, son of the court clerk, and clerk in the Department of Public -Lands, presumptive successor of the registrar of documents at -Ville-aux-Fayes. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SIBILET (Mademoiselle), daughter of the court clerk, born about 1807, -postmistress at Ville-aux Fayes; betrothed to Captain Corbinet, -brother of the notary. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SIBUELLE, a wealthy contractor of somewhat tarnished reputation during -the Directory and the Consulate, gave his daughter in marriage to -Malin de Gondreville, and through the credit of his son-in-law became, -with Marion, co-receiver-general of the department of Aube. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -SIBUELLE (Mademoiselle), only daughter of the preceding, became Madame -Malin de Gondreville. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -SEYES (Emmanuel-Joseph), born in 1748 at Frejus, died in Paris in -1836, was successively vicar-general of Chartres, deputy to the -States-General and the Convention, member of the Committee of Public -Safety, member of the Five Hundred, member of the Directory, consul, -and senator; famous also as a publicist. In June, 1800, he might have -been found in the Office of Foreign Relations, in the rue du Bac, -where he took part with Talleyrand and Fouche, in a secret council, in -which the subject of overthrowing Bonaparte, then First Consul, was -discussed. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -SIGNOL (Henriette), a beautiful girl; of a good family of farmers, in -the employ of Basine Clerget, a laundress at Angouleme; was the -mistress of Cerizet, whom she loved and trusted; served as a tool -against David Sechard, the printer. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -SIMEUSE (Admiral de), father of Jean de Simeuse, was one of the most -eminent French seamen of the eighteenth century. [Beatrix. The -Gondreville Mystery. Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -SIMEUSE (Marquis Jean de), whose name, "Cy meurs" or "Si meurs," was -the motto of the family crest, was descended from a noble family of -Bourgogne, who were formerly owners of a Lorrain fief called Ximeuse, -corrupted to Simeuse. M. de Simeuse counted a number of illustrious -men among his ancestors; he married Berthe de Cinq-Cygne; he was -father of twins, Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul. He was guillotined at -Troyes during the Terror; Michu's father-in-law presided over the -Revolutionary tribunal that passed the death-sentence. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -SIMEUSE (Marquise de), wife of the preceding, born Berthe de -Cinq-Cygne, was executed at Troyes at the same time with her husband. -[The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -SIMEUSE (Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul), twin sons of the preceding -couple, born in 1773; grandsons on the father's side of the admiral -who was as famous for his dissipation as for his valor; descended from -the original owners of the famous Gondreville estate in Aube, and -belonged to the noble Champagne family of the Chargeboeufs, the -younger branch of which was represented by their mother, Berthe de -Cinq-Cygne. Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul were among the emigrants; they -returned to France about 1803. Both being in love with their cousin, -Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, an ardent Royalist, they cast lots to decide -which should be her husband; fate favored Marie-Paul, the younger, but -circumstances prevented the consummation of the marriage. The twins -differed only in disposition, and there in only one point: Paul-Marie -was melancholy, while Marie-Paul was of a bright disposition. Despite -the advice of their elderly relative, M. de Chargeboeuf, Messieurs de -Simeuse compromised themselves with the Hauteserres; being watched by -Fouche, who sent Peyrade and Corentin to keep an eye on them, they -were accused of the abduction of Malin, of which they were not guilty, -and sentenced to twenty-four years of penal servitude; were pardoned -by Napoleon, entered as sub-lieutenants the same cavalry regiment, and -were killed together in the battle of Sommo-Sierra (near Madrid, -November 30, 1808). [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -SIMONIN let carriages on the rue du Faubourg Saint-Honore, Cour des -Coches, Paris; about 1840, he let a berlin to Madame de Godollo, who, -in accordance with the instructions of Corentin, the police-agent, was -pretending to be taking a journey, but went no further than the Bois -de Boulogne. [The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -SIMONNIN, in the reign of Louis XVIII., was "errand-boy" to Maitre -Derville on the rue Vivienne, Paris, when that advocate received -Hyacinthe Chabert. [Colonel Chabert]. -</p> -<p> -SINARD, a Paris physician, was called, in May, 1830, together with -Messieurs Desplein and Bianchon, to the bedside of Leontine de Serizy, -who had lost her reason after the tragic end of her lover, Lucien de -Rubempre. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -SINET (Seraphine), a celebrated lorette, born in 1820, known by the -sobriquet of Carabine, was present at Josepha Mirah's house-warming on -the rue de la Ville-l'Eveque, in 1838. Five years later, being then -mistress of the wealthy F. du Tillet, Mademoiselle Sinet supplanted -the vivacious Marguerite Turquet as queen of the lorettes. [Cousin -Betty.] A woman of splendid appearance, Seraphine was one of the -marching chorus at the Opera, and occupied the fine apartment on the -rue Saint-Georges, where before her Suzanne du Val-Noble, Esther van -Gobseck, Florine, and Madame Schontz had reigned. Of ready wit, -dashing manners, and impish brazenness, Carabine held many successful -receptions. Every day her table was set in magnificent style for ten -guests. Artists, men of letters, and society favorites were among her -frequent visitors. S.-P. Gazonal was taken to see her, in 1845, by -Leon de Lora and Bixiou, together with Jenny Cadine of the Theatre du -Gymnase; and there he met Massol, Claude Vignon, Maxime de Trailles, -Nucingen, F. du Bruel, Malaga, Monsieur and Madame Gaillard, and -Vauvinet, with a multitude of others, to say nothing of F. du Tillet. -[The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -SINOT, attorney at Arcis-sur-Aube, commanded the patronage of the -"Henriquinquistes" (partisans of Henri V.) in 1839, when the district -had to elect a deputy to replace M. Francois Keller. [The Member for -Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -SOCQUARD, during the Empire and the Restoration, kept the Cafe de la -Paix at Soulanges (Bourgogne). The Milo of Crotona of the Avonne -Valley, a stout little man, of placid countenance, and a high, clear -voice. He was manager of the Tivoli, a dancing-hall adjoining the -cafe. Monsieur Vermichel, violin, and Monsieur Fourchon, clarinet, -constituted the orchestra. Plissoud, Bonnebault, Viallet, and Amaury -Lupin were steady patrons of his establishment, which was long famous -for its billiards, its punch, and its mulled wine. In 1823, Socquard -lost his wife. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SOCQUARD (Madame Junie), wife of the preceding, had many thrilling -love-affairs during the Empire. She was very beautiful, and her -luxurious mode of living, to which the leading men of Soulanges -contributed, was notorious in the Avonne valley. Lupin, the notary, -had been guilty of great weakness in her direction, and Gaubertin, who -took her away from him, unquestionably had by her a natural son, -little Bournier. Junie was the secret of the prosperity of the -Socquard house. She brought her husband a vineyard, the house he lived -in, and the Tivoli. She died in the reign of Louis XVIII. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SOCQUARD (Aglae), daughter of the preceding couple, born in 1801, -inherited her father's ridiculous obesity. Being sought in marriage by -Bonnebault, whom her father esteemed highly as a customer, but little -as a son-in-law, she excited the jealousy of Marie Tonsard, and was -always at daggers drawn with her. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SODERINI (Prince), father of Madame d'Argaiolo, who was afterwards the -Duchesse Alphonse de Rhetore; at Besancon, in 1834, he demanded of -Albert Savarus his daughter's letters and portrait. His sudden arrival -caused a hasty departure on the part of Savarus, then a candidate for -election to the Chamber of Deputies, and ignorant of Madame -d'Argaiolo's approaching second marriage. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -SOLIS (Abbe de), born about 1733, a Dominican, grand penitentiary of -Toledo, vicar-general of the Archbishopric of Malines; a venerable -priest, unassuming, kindly and large of person. He adopted Emmanuel de -Solis, his brother's son, and, retiring to Douai, under the acceptable -protection of the Casa-Reals, was confessor and adviser of their last -descendant, Madame Balthazar Claes. The Abbe de Solis died in -December, 1818. [The Quest of the Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -SOLIS (Emmanuel), nephew and adopted son of the preceding. Poor, and -of a family originally from Granada, he responded well to the -excellent education that he received, followed the teacher's calling, -taught the humanities at the lyceum at Douai, of which he was -afterwards principal, and gave lessons to the brothers of Marguerite -Claes, whom he loved, the feeling being reciprocated. He married her -in 1825; the more fully to enjoy his good fortune, he resigned the -position as inspector of the University, which he then held. Shortly -afterwards he inherited the title of Comte de Nourho, through the -house of Solis. [The Quest of the Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -SOLIS (Madame Emmanuel de), wife of the preceding, born Marguerite -Claes, in 1796, elder sister of Madame Felicie Pierquin, whose husband -had first sought her hand, received from her dying mother the -injunction to contend respectfully, but firmly, against her father's -foolish efforts as inventor; and, in compliance with her mother's -injunctions, by dint of great perseverance, succeeded in restoring the -family fortunes that had been more than endangered. Madame de Solis -gave birth to a child, in the course of a trip to Spain, where she was -visiting Casa-Real, the cradle of her mother's family. [The Quest of -the Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -SOLONET, born in 1795, obtained the decoration of the Legion of Honor -for having made very active contribution to the second return of the -Bourbons; was the youthful and worldly notary of Bordeaux; in the -drawing up of the marriage contract between Natalie Evangelista and -Paul de Manerville, he triumphed over the objections raised by his -colleague, Mathias, who was defender of the Manerville interests. -Solonet paid the most devoted attentions of a lover to Madame -Evangelista, but his love was not returned, and he sought her hand in -vain. [A Marriage Settlement.] -</p> -<p> -SOLVET, a handsome youth, but addicted to gaming and other vices, -loved by Caroline Crochard de Bellefeuille and preferred by her to -Monsieur de Granville, her generous protector. Solvet made -Mademoiselle Crochard very unhappy, ruined her, but was none the less -adored by her. These facts were known to Bianchon, and related by him -to the Comte de Granville, whom he met, one evening, in the reign of -Louis Philippe, near rue Gaillon. [A Second Home.] -</p> -<p> -SOMMERVIEUX (Theodore de), a painter, winner of the prix de Rome, -knight of the Legion of Honor, was particularly successful in -interiors; and excelled in chiaro-oscuro effects, in imitation of the -Dutch. He made an excellent reproduction of the interior of the Cat -and Racket, on the rue Saint-Denis, which he exhibited at the Salon at -the same time with a fascinating portrait of his future wife, -Mademoiselle Guillaume, with whom he fell madly in love, and whom he -married in 1808, almost in spite of her parents, and thanks to the -kind offices of Madame Roguin, whom he knew in his society life. The -marriage was not a happy one; the daughter of the Guillaumes adored -Sommervieux without understanding him. The painter often neglected his -rooms on the rue des Trois-Freres (now a part of the rue Taitbout) and -transferred his homage to the Marechale de Carigliano. He had an -income of twelve thousand francs; before the Revolution his father was -called the Chevalier de Sommervieux. [At the Sign of the Cat and -Racket.] Theodore de Sommervieux designed a monstrance for Gohier, the -king's goldsmith; this monstrance was bought by Madame Baudoyer and -given to the church of Saint-Paul, at the time of the death of F. de -la Billardiere, head clerk of the administration, whose position she -desired for her husband. [The Government Clerks.] Sommervieux also -drew vignettes for the works of Canalis. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -SOMMERVIEUX (Madame Theodore de), wife of the preceding, born -Augustine Guillaume, about 1792, second daughter of the Guillaumes of -the Cat and Racket (a drapery establishment on the rue Saint-Denis, -Paris), had a sad life that was soon wrecked; for, with the exception -of Madame Roguin, her family never understood her aspirations to a -higher ideal, or the feeling that prompted her to choose Theodore de -Sommervieux. Mademoiselle Guillaume was married about the middle of -the Empire, at her parish church, Saint-Leu, on the same day that her -sister was married to Lebas, the clerk, and immediately after the -ceremony referred to. A little less coarse in her feelings than her -parents and their associates, but insignificant enough at best, -without being aware of it she displeased the painter, and chilled the -enthusiasm of her husband's studio friends, Schinner, Bridau, Bixiou, -and Lora. Grassou, who was very much of a countryman, was the only one -that refrained from laughing at her. Worn out at last, she tried to -win back the heart that had become the possession of Madame de -Carigliano; she even went to consult her rival, but could not use the -weapons supplied her by the coquettish wife of the marshal, and died -of a broken heart shortly after the famous ball given by Cesar -Birotteau, to which she was invited. She was buried in Montmartre -cemetery. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket. Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -SONET, marble-worker and contractor for tombstones, at Paris, during -the Restoraton and Louis Philippe's reign. When Pons died, the -marble-worker sent his agent to Schmucke to solicit an order for -statues of Art and Friendship grouped together. Sonet had the -draughtsman Vitelot as partner. The firm name was Sonet & Co. [Cousin -Pons.] -</p> -<p> -SONET (Madame), wife of the preceding, knew how to lavish attentions -no less zealous than selfish on W. Schmucke, when he returned, -broken-hearted, from Pere-Lachaise, in April, 1845, and suggested to -him, with some modifications however, to take certain allegorical -monuments which the families of Marsay and Keller had formerly refused, -preferring to apply to a genuine artist, the sculptor Stidmann. -[Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -SOPHIE, rival, namesake and contemporary of the famous Sophie, Doctor -Veron's "blue ribbon," about 1844, was cook to the Comte Popinot on -the rue Basse-du-Rempart, Paris. She must have been a remarkable -culinary artist, for Sylvain Pons, reduced, in consequence of breaking -with the Camusots, to dining at home, on the rue de Normandie, every -day, often exclaimed in fits of melancholy, "O Sophie!" [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -SORBIER, a Parisian notary, to whom Chesnel (Choisnel) wrote, in 1822, -from Normandie, to commend to his care the rattle-brained Victurnien -d'Esgrignon. Unfortunately Sorbier was dead, and the letter was sent -to his widow. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -SORBIER (Madame), wife of the preceding, mentioned in Chesnel's (or -Choisnel's) letter of 1822, concerning Victurnien d'Esgrignon. She -scarcely read the note, and simply sent it to her deceased husband's -successor, Maitre Cardot. Thus the widow unwittingly served M. du -Bousquier (du Croisier), the enemy of the D'Esgrignons. [Jealousies of -a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -SORIA (Don Ferdinand, Duc de), younger brother of Don Felipe de -Macumer, overwhelmed with kindness by his elder brother, owing him the -duchy of Soria as well as the hand of Marie Heredia, both being -voluntarily renounced by the elder brother. Soria was not ungrateful; -he hastened to his dying brother's bedside in 1829. The latter's death -made Don Ferdinand Baron de Macumer. [Letters of Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -SORIA (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, born Marie Heredia, -daughter of the wealthy Comte Heredia, was loved by two brothers, Don -Ferdinand, Duc de Soria, and Don Felipe de Macumer. Though betrothed -to the latter, she married the former, in accordance with her wishes, -the Baron de Macumer having generously renounced her hand in favor of -Don Ferdinand. The duchess retained a feeling of deep gratitude to him -for his unselfishness, and at a later time bestowed every care on him -in his last illness (1829). [Letters of Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -SORMANO, the "shy" servant of the Argaiolos, at the time of their -exile in Switzerland, figures, as a woman, under the name of Gina, in -the autobiographical novel of Albert Savarus, entitled "L'Ambitieux -par l'Amour." [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -SOUCHET, a broker at Paris, whose failure ruined Guillaume Grandet, -brother of the well-known cooper of Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] -</p> -<p> -SOUCHET (Francois), winner of the prix de Rome for his sculpture, -about the beginning of Louis XVIII.'s reign; an intimate friend of -Hippolyte Schinner, who confided to him his love for Adelaide -Leseigneur de Rouville, and was rallied on it by him. [The Purse.] -About 1835, with Steinbock's assistance, Souchet carved the panels -over the doors and mantels of Laginski's magnificent house on the rue -de la Pepiniere, Paris. [The Imaginary Mistress.] He had given to -Florine (afterwards Madame Raoul Nathan) a plaster cast of a group -representing an angel holding an aspersorium, which adorned the -actress's sumptuous apartments in 1834. [A Daughter of Eve.] -</p> -<p> -SOUDRY, born in 1773, a quartermaster, secured a valuable friend in M. -de Soulanges, then adjutant-general, by saving him at the peril of his -own life. Having become brigadier of gendarmes at Soulanges -(Bourgogne), Soudry, in 1815, married Mademoiselle Cochet, Sophie -Laguerre's former lady's-maid. Six years later, he was put on the -retired list, at the request of Montcornet, and replaced in his -brigade by Viallet; but, supported by the influence of Francois -Gaubertin, he was elected mayor of Soulanges, and became the -formidable enemy of the Montcornets. Like Gregoire Rigou, his son's -father-in-law, the old gendarme kept as his mistress, under the same -roof with his wife, his servant Jeannette, who was younger than Madame -Soudry. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SOUDRY (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Cochet in 1763. -Lady's-maid to Sophie Laguerre, Montcornet's predecessor at Aigues, -she had an understanding with Francois Gaubertin, the steward of the -estate, to make a victim of the former opera singer. Twenty days -after the burial of her mistress, La Cochet married the brigadier, -Soudry, a superb specimen of manhood, though pitted with small-pox. -During the reign of Louis XVIII., Madame Soudry, who tried awkwardly -enough to imitate her late mistress, Sophie Laguerre, reigned supreme -in the society of Soulanges, in her parlor which was the meeting -ground of Montcornet's enemies. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SOUDRY, natural son of Soudry, the brigadier of gendarmes; legitimized -at the time of his father's marriage to Mademoiselle Cochet, in 1815. -On the day on which Soudry became legally possessed of a mother, he -had just finished his course at Paris. There he knew Gaubertin's son, -during a stay which he had at first intended to make long enough to -entitle him to be registered as an advocate, and eventually to enter -the legal profession; but he returned to Bourgogne to take charge of -an attorney's practice for which his father paid thirty thousand -francs. However, abandoning pettifoggery, Soudry soon found himself -deputy king's attorney in a department of Bourgogne, and, in 1817, -king's attorney under Attorney-General Bourlac, whom he replaced in -1821, thanks to the influence of Francois Gaubertin. He then married -Mademoiselle Rigou. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SOUDRY (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Arsene Rigou, the only -daughter of wealthy parents, Gregoire Rigou and Arsene Pichard; -resembled her father in cunningness of character, and her mother in -beauty. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SOULANGES (Comte Leon de), born in 1777, was colonel of the artillery -guard in 1809. In the month of November of that year, he found himself -the guest of the Malin de Gondrevilles, in their mansion in Paris, on -the evening of a great party; he met there Montcornet, a friend of his -in the regiment; Madame de Vaudremont, who had once been his mistress, -accompanied by the Martial de la Roche-Hugon, her new lover; and -finally his deserted wife, Madame de Soulanges, who had abandoned -society, but who had come to the senator's house at the instigation of -Madame de Lansac, with a view to a reconciliation, which was -successfully carried out. [Domestic Peace.] Leon de Soulanges had -several children as a result of his marriage; a son and some -daughters; having refused one of his daughters in marriage to -Montcornet, on the ground that she was too young, he made an enemy of -that general. The count, remaining faithful to the Bourbons during the -Hundred Days, was made a peer of France and a general in the artillery -corps. Enjoying the favor of the Duc d'Angouleme, he was allowed a -command during the Spanish war (1823), gained prominence at the seige -of Cadiz and attained the highest degrees in the military hierarchy. -Monsieur de Soulanges, who was very rich, owned, in the territory of -the commune of Blangy (Bourgogne), a forest and a chateau adjoining -the Aigues estate, which had itself once belonged to the house of -Soulanges. At the time of the Crusades, an ancestor of the count had -created this domain. Soulanges's motto was: "Je soule agir." Like M. -de Ronquerolles he got on badly enough with his neighbor Montcornet -and seemed to favor Francois Gaubertin, Gregoire Rigou and Soudry, in -their opposition to the future marshal. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SOULANGES (Comtesse Hortense de), wife of the preceding, and niece of -the Duchesses de Lansac and de Marigny. In November, 1809, at a ball -given by Malin de Gondreville, acting on the advice of Madame de -Lansac, the countess, then on bad terms with her husband, conquered -her proud timidity, and demanded of Martial de la Roche-Hugon a ring -that she had received originally from her husband; M. de Soulanges had -afterwards passed it on to his mistress, Madame de Vaudremont, who had -given it to her lover, M. de la Roche-Hugon; this restitution effected -the reconciliation of the couple. [Domestic Peace.] Hortense de -Soulanges inherited from Madame de Marigny (who died about 1820) the -Guebriant estate, with its encumbrance of an annuity. [The Thirteen.] -Madame de Soulanges followed her husband to Spain at the time of the -war of 1823. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -SOULANGES (Amelie de), youngest daughter of the preceding couple, -would have married the Comte Philippe de Brambourg, in 1828, but for -the condemning revelations made by Bixiou concerning Joseph Bridau's -brother. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -SOULANGES (Vicomte de), probably a brother of the preceding, was, in -1836, commander of a squad of hussars at Fountainebleau; then, in -company with Maxime de Trailles, he was going to be second to Savinien -de Portenduere in a duel with Desire Minoret, but the duel was -prevented by the unforeseen death of the latter; the underlying cause -was the disgraceful conduct of the Minoret-Levraults towards Ursule -Mirouet, future Vicomtesse de Portenduere. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -SOULAS (Amedee-Sylvain-Jacques de), born in 1809, a gentleman of -Besancon, of Spanish origin (the name was written Souleyas, when -Franche-Comte belonged to Spain), succeeded in shining brightly in the -capital of Doubs on an income of four thousand francs, which allowed -him to employ the services of "Babylas, the tiger." Such discrepancy -between his means and his manner of living may well convey an idea of -this fellow's character, seeing that he sought in vain the hand of -Rosalie de Watteville, but married, in the month of August, 1837, -Madame de Watteville, her widowed mother. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -SOULAS (Madame Amedee de), born Clotilde-Louise de Rupt in 1798, stern -in features and in character, a blonde of the extreme type, was -married, in 1815, to the Baron de Watteville, whom she managed with -little difficulty. She did not find it so easy, however, to govern her -daughter, Rosalie, whom she vainly tried to force to marry M. de -Soulas. The pressure, at Besancon, of Albert Savarus, who was secretly -loved by Mademoiselle de Watteville, gave a political significance to -the salon of Rosalie's parents during the reign of Louis Philippe. -Tired of her daughter's obstinacy, Madame de Watteville, now a widow, -herself married M. de Soulas; she lived in Paris, in the winter at -least, and knew how to be mistress of her house there, as she always -had been elsewhere. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -SPARCHMANN, hospital surgeon at Heilsberg, attended Colonel Chabert -after the battle of Eylau. [Colonel Chabert.] -</p> -<p> -SPENCER (Lord), about 1830, at Balthazar Claes's sale, bought some -magnificent wainscoting that had been carved by Van Huysum, as well as -the portrait of President Van Claes, a Fleming of the sixteenth -century,—family treasures which the father of Mesdames de Solis and -Pierquin was obliged to give up. [The Quest of the Absolute.] -</p> -<p> -SPIEGHALTER, a German mechanician, who lived in Paris on the rue de la -Sante, in the early part of Louis Philippe's reign, made unsuccessful -efforts, with the aid of pressure, hammering and rolling, to stretch -the anomalous piece of shagreen submitted to him by Raphael de -Valentin, at the suggestion of Planchette, professor of mechanics. -[The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -SPONDE (Abbe de), born about 1746, was grand vicar of the bishopric of -Seez. Maternal uncle, guardian, guest, and boarder of Madame du -Bousquier—<i>nee</i> Cormon—of Alencon; he died in 1819, almost blind, -and strangely depressed by his niece's recent marriage. Entirely -removed from worldly interests, he led an ascetic life, and an -uneventful one, entirely consumed in thoughts of salvation, -mortifications of the flesh, and secret works of charity. [Jealousies -of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -STAEL-HOLSTEIN (Anne-Louise-Germaine Necker, Baronne de), daughter of -the famous Necker of Geneva, born in Paris in 1766; became the wife of -the Swiss minister to France; author of "l'Allemagne," of "Corinne," -and of "Delphine"; noted for her struggle against Napoleon Bonaparte; -mother-in-law of the Duc Victor de Broglie and grandmother of the -generation of the Broglies of the present day; died in the year 1817. -At various times she lived in the Vendomois in temporary exile. During -one of her first stays in the Loire, she was greeted with the singular -formula of admiration, "Fameuse garce!" [The Chouans.] At a later -period, Madame de Stael came upon Louis Lambert, then a ragged urchin, -absorbed in reading a translation of Swedenborg's "Heaven and Hell." -She was struck with him, and had him educated at the college of -Vendome, where he had the future minister, Jules Dufaure, as his boon -companion; but she forgot her protege, who was ruined rather than -benefited by this passing interest. [Louis Lambert.] About 1823 Louise -de Chaulieu (Madame Marie Gaston) believed that Madame de Stael was -still alive, though she died in 1817. [Letters of Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -STANHOPE (Lady Esther), niece of Pitt, met Lamartine in Syria, who -described her in his "Voyage en Orient"; had sent Lady Dudley an -Arabian horse, that the latter gave to Felix de Vandenesse in exchange -for a Rembrandt. [The Lily of the Valley.] Madame de Bargeton, growing -weary of Angouleme in the first years of the Restoration, was envious -of this "blue-stocking of the desert." Lady Esther's father, Earl -Charles Stanhope, Viscount Mahon, a peer of England, and a -distinguished scholar, invented a printing press, known to fame as the -Stanhope press, of which the miserly and mechanical Jerome-Nicholas -Sechard expressed a contemptuous opinion to his son. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -STAUB, a German, and a Parisian tailor of reputation; in 1821, made -for Lucien de Rubempre, presumably on credit, some garments that he -went in person to try on the poet at the Hotel du Gaillard-Bois, on -the rue de l'Echelle. Shortly afterwards, he again favored Lucien, who -was brought to his establishment by Coralie. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -STEIBELT, a famous musician, during the Empire was the instructor of -Felicite des Touches at Nantes. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -STEINBOCK (Count Wenceslas), born at Prelie (Livonia) in 1809; -great-nephew of one of Charles XII.'s generals. An exile from his youth, -he went to Paris to live, and, from inclination as much as on account of -his poverty, he became a carver and sculptor. As assistant to Francois -Souchet, a fellow-countryman of Laginski's, Wenceslas Steinbock worked -on the decorations of the Pole's mansion, on the rue de la Pepiniere. -[The Imaginary Mistress.] Living amid squalor on the rue du Doyenne, -he was saved from suicide by his spinster neighbor, Lisbeth Fischer, -who restored his courage and determination, and aided him with her -resources. Wenceslas Steinbock then worked and succeeded. A chance -that brought one of his works to the notice of the Hulot d'Ervys -brought him into connection with these people; he fell in love with -their daughter, and, the love being returned, he married her. Orders -then came in quick succession to Wenceslas, living, as he did, on the -rue Saint-Dominique-Saint-Germain, near the Esplanade des Invalides, -not far from the marble stores, where the government had allowed him a -studio. His services were secured for the work of a monument to be -erected to the Marechal de Montcornet. But Lisbeth Fischer's -vindictive hatred, as well as his own weakness of character, caused -him to fall beneath the fatal dominion of Valerie Marneffe, whose -lover he became; with Stidmann, Vignon, and Massol, he witnessed that -woman's second marriage. Steinbock returned to the conjugal domicile -on the rue Louis-le-Grand, towards the latter part of Louis Philippe's -reign. An exhausted artist, he confined himself to the barren role of -critic; idle reverie replaced power of conception. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -STEINBOCK (Countess Wenceslas), wife of the preceding; born Hortense -Hulot d'Ervy in 1817; daughter of Hector Hulot d'Ervy and Adeline -Fischer; younger sister of Victorin Hulot. Beautiful, and occupying a -brilliant position in society through her parents, but lacking dowry, -she made choice of husband for herself. Endowed with enduring pride of -spirit, Madame Steinbock could with difficulty excuse Wenceslas for -being unfaithful, and pardoned his disloyalty only after a long while. -Her trials ended with the last years of Louis Philippe's reign. The -wisdom and foresight of her brother Victorin, coupled with the results -of the wills of the Marechal Hulot, Lisbeth Fischer, and Valerie -Crevel, at last brought wealth to the countess's household, who lived -successively on the rue Saint-Dominique-Saint-Germain, the rue Plumet, -and the rue Louis-le-Grand. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -STEINBOCK (Wenceslas), only son of the preceding couple, born when his -parents were living together, stayed with his mother after their -separation. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -STEINGEL, an Alsatian, natural son of General Steingel, who fell at -the beginning of the Italian campaigns during the Republic; was, in -Bourgogne, about 1823, under head-keeper Michaud, one of the three -keepers of Montcornet's estates. [The Gondreville Mystery. The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -STEVENS (Miss Dinah), born in 1791, daughter of an English brewer, -ugly enough, saving, and puritanical, had an income of two hundred and -forty thousand francs and expectations of as much more at her father's -death; the Marquise de Vordac, who met her at some watering-place in -1827, spoke of her to her son Marsay, as a very fine match, and Marsay -pretended that he was to marry the heiress; which he probably did, for -he left a widow that erected to him, at Pere-Lachaise, a superb -monument, the work of Stidmann. [A Marriage Settlement. Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -STIDMANN, a celebrated carver and sculptor of Paris at the times of -the Restoration and Louis Philippe; Wenceslas Steinbock's teacher; he -carved, for the consideration of seven thousand francs, a -representation of a fox-chase on the ruby-set gold handle of a riding -whip that Ernest de la Briere gave to Modeste Mignon. [Modeste -Mignon.] At the request of Fabien de Ronceret, Stidmann undertook to -decorate an apartment for him on the rue Blanche [Beatrix.], he made -the originals of a chimney-piece for the Hulot d'Ervys; was among the -guests invited by Mademoiselle Brisetout at her little house-warming -on the rue Chauchat (1838); the same year he was present at the -celebration of Wenceslas Steinbock's marriage with Hortense Hulot; -knew Dorlange-Sallenauve; with Vignon, Steinbock and Massol, he was a -witness of Valerie Marneffe's second marriage to Celestin Crevel; -entertained a secret love for Madame Steinbock when she was neglected -by her husband [The Member for Arcis. Cousin Betty.]; executed the -work of Charles Keller's and Marsay's monuments. [Cousin Pons.] In -1845 Stidmann entered the Institute. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -STOPFER (Monsieur and Madame), formerly coopers at Neuchatel, in 1823; -were proprietors of an inn at Gersau (canton of Lucerne), near the -lake, to which Rodolphe came. The same village sheltered the -Gandolphinis, disguised under the name of Lovelace. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -SUCY (General Baron Philippe de), born in 1789, served under the -Empire; on one occasion, at the crossing of the Beresina, he tried to -assure the safety of his mistress, Stephanie de Vandieres, a general's -wife, of whom he afterwards lost all trace. Seven years later, -however, being a colonel and an officer in the Legion of Honor, while -hunting with his friend, the Marquis d'Albon, near the Isle-Adam, Sucy -found Madame de Vandieres insane, under the charge of the alienist -Fanjat, and he undertook to restore her reason. With this end in view, -he arranged an exact reproduction of the parting scenes of 1812, on an -estate of his at Saint-Germain. The mad-woman recognized him indeed, -but she died immediately. Having gained the promotion of general, Sucy -committed suicide, the prey of incurable despair. [Farewell.] -</p> -<p> -SUZANNE, real given name of Madame Theodore Gaillard. -</p> -<p> -SUZANNET was, with the Abbe Vernal, the Comte de Fontaine, and M. de -Chatillon, one of the four Vendean chiefs at the time of the uprising -in the West in 1799. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -SUZETTE, during the first years of Louis XVIII.'s reign, was -lady's-maid to Antoinette de Langeais, in Paris, about the time that -the duchess was receiving attentions from Montriveau. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -SUZON was for a long time valet de chambre for Maxime de Trailles. [A -Man of Business. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -SYLVIE, cook for Madame Vauquer, the widow, on the rue -Neuve-Saint-Genevieve, during the years 1819 and 1820, at the time -when Jean-Joachim Goriot, Eugene de Rastignac, Jacques Collin, -Horace Bianchon, the Poirets, Madame Couture, and Victorine Taillefer -boarded there. [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0023"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - T -</h2> -<p> -TABAREAU, bailiff of the justice of the peace in the eighth ward of -Paris in 1844-1845. He was on good terms with Fraisier, the business -agent. Madame Cibot, door-keeper, on the rue de Normandie, retained -Tabareau to make a demand for her upon Schmucke for the payment of -three thousand one hundred and ninety-two francs, due her from the -German musician and Pons, for board, lodging, taxes, etc. [Cousin -Pons.] -</p> -<p> -TABAREAU (Mademoiselle), only child of Tabareau, the bailiff; a large, -red-haired consumptive; was heir, through her mother, of a house on -the Place Royale; a fact which made her hand sought by Fraisier, the -business agent. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -TABOUREAU, formerly a day-laborer, and afterwards, during the -Restoration, a grain-dealer and money-lender in the commune of Isere, -of which Doctor Benassis was mayor. He was a thin man, very wrinkled, -bent almost double, with thin lips, and a hooked chin that almost made -connection with his nose, little gray eyes spotted with black, and as -sly as a horse-trader. [The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -TAILLEFER (Jean-Frederic), born about 1779 at Beauvais; by means of a -crime, in 1799, he laid the foundations of his fortune, which was -considerable. In an inn near Andernach, Rhenish Prussia, Jean-Frederic -Taillefer, then a surgeon in the army, killed and robbed, one night, a -rich native tradesman, Monsieur Walhenfer, by name; however, he was -never incommoded by this murder; for accusing appearances pointed to -his friend, colleague and fellow-countryman, Prosper Magnan, who was -executed. Returning to Paris, J.-F. Taillefer was from that time forth -a wealthy and honored personage. He was captain of the first company -of grenadiers of the National Guard, and an influencial banker; -received much attention during the funeral obsequies of J.-B. -d'Aldrigger; made successful speculations in Nucingen's third venture. -He was married twice, and was brutal in his treatment of his first -wife (a relative of Madame Couture) who bore him two children, -Frederic-Michel and Victorine. He was owner of a magnificent mansion -on the rue Joubert. In Louis Philippe's reign he entertained in this -mansion with one of the most brilliant affairs ever known, according -to the account of the guests present, among whom were Blondet, -Rastignac, Valentin, Cardot, Aquilina de la Garde, and Euphrasie. M. -Taillefer suffered, nevertheless, morally and physically; in the first -place because of the crime that he had previously committed, for -remorse for this deed came over him every fall, that being the time of -its perpetration; in the second place, because of gout in the head, -according to Doctor Brousson's diagnosis. Though well cared for by his -second wife, and by his daughter of the first wife, Jean-Frederic died -some time after a sumptuous feast given at his house. An evening -passed in the salon of a banker, father of Mademoiselle Fanny, -hastened Taillefer's end; for there he was obliged to listen to -Hermann's story about the unjust martyrdom of Magnan. The funeral -notice read as follows: "You are invited to be present at the funeral -services of M. Jean-Frederic Taillefer, of the firm Taillefer & -Company, formerly contractor for supplies, in his life-time Knight of -the Legion of Honor and of the Golden Spur, Captain of the National -Guard of Paris, died May 1st, at his mansion, rue Joubert. The -services will be conducted at , etc. In behalf of——," etc. [The -Firm of Nucingen. Father Goriot. The Magic Skin. The Red Inn.] -</p> -<p> -TAILLEFER (Madame), first wife of the preceding, and mother of -Frederic-Michel and Victorine Taillefer. As the result of the harsh -treatment by her husband, who unjustly suspected her of being -unfaithful, she died of a broken heart, presumably at quite an early -age. [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -TAILLEFER (Madame), second wife of Jean-Frederic Taillefer, who -married her as a speculation, but even then made her happy. She seemed -to be devoted to him. [The Red Inn.] -</p> -<p> -TAILLEFER (Frederic-Michel), son of Jean-Frederic Taillefer by his -first wife, did not even try to protect his sister, Victorine, from -her father's unjust persecutions. Designated heir of the whole of his -father's great fortune, he was killed, in 1819, near Clignancourt, by -a dexterous and unerring stroke, in a duel with Colonel Franchessini, -the duel being instigated by Jacques Collin, in the interest of Eugene -de Rastignac, though the latter knew nothing of the matter. [Father -Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -TAILLEFER (Victorine), sister of the preceding, and daughter of -Jean-Frederic Taillefer by his first wife; a distant cousin of Madame -Couture; her mother having died in 1819, she wrongfully passed in her -father's opinion for "the child of adulterous connections"; was turned -away from her father's house, and sought protection with her -kinswoman, Madame Couture, the widow of Couture the ordainer, on the -rue Neuve-Saint-Genevieve, in Madame Vauquer's boarding-house; there -she fell in love with Eugene de Rastignac; by the death of her brother -she became heir to all the property of her father, Jean-Frederic -Taillefer, whose death-bed she comforted in every way possible. -Victorine Taillefer probably remained single. [Father Goriot. The Red -Inn.] -</p> -<p> -TALLEYRAND-PERIGORD (Charles-Maurice de), Prince de Benevent, Bishop -of Autun, ambassador and minister, born in Paris, in 1754, died in -1838, at his home on the rue Saint-Florentin.[*] Talleyrand gave -attention to the insurrectional stir that arose in Bretagne, under the -direction of the Marquis de Montauran, about 1799. [The Chouans.] The -following year (June, 1800), on the eve of the battle of Marengo, M. -de Talleyrand conferred with Malin de Gondreville, Fouche, Carnot, and -Sieyes, about the political situation. In 1804 he received M. de -Chargeboeuf, M. d'Hauteserre the elder, and the Abbe Goujet, who came -to urge him to have the names of Robert and Adrien d'Hauteserre and -Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul de Simeuse erased from the list of -emigrants; some time afterwards, when these latter were condemned, -despite their innocence, as guilty of the abduction and detention of -Senator Malin, he made every effort to secure their pardon, at the -earnest instance of Maitre Bordin, as well as the Marquis de -Chargeboeuf. At the hour of the execution of the Duc d'Enghien, which -he had perhaps advised, he was found with Madame de Luynes in time to -give her the news of it, at the exact moment of its happening. M. de -Talleyrand was very fond of Antoinette de Langeais. A frequent visitor -of the Chaulieus, he was even more intimate with their near relative, -the elderly Princesse de Vauremont, who made him executor of her will. -[The Gondreville Mystery. The Thirteen. Letters of Two Brides.] -Fritot, in selling his famous "Selim" shawl to Mistress Noswell, made -use of a cunning that certainly would not have deceived the -illustrious diplomat; one day, indeed, on noticing the hesitation of a -fashionable lady as between two bracelets, Talleyrand asked the -opinion of the clerk who was showing the jewelry, and advised the -purchase of the one rejected by the latter. [Gaudissart II.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] Alexander I., Czar of Russia, once stayed at this house, which is - now owned and occupied by the Baron Alphonse de Rothschild. -</pre> -<p> -TARLOWSKI, a Pole; colonel in the Imperial Guard; ordnance officer -under Napoleon Bonaparte; friend of Poniatowski; made a match between -his daughter and Bourlac. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -TASCHERON, a very upright farmer, in a small way, in the market town -of Montegnac, nine leagues distant from Limoges; left his village in -August, 1829, immediately after the execution of his son, -Jean-Francois. With his wife, parents, children and grandchildren, -he sailed for America, where he prospered and founded the town of -Tascheronville in the State of Ohio. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -TASCHERON (Jean-Francois), one of the sons of the preceding, born -about 1805, a porcelain maker, working successively with Messieurs -Graslin and Philippart; at the end of Charles X.'s reign, he committed -a triple crime which, owing to his excellent character and -antecedents, seemed for a long time inexplicable. Jean-Francois -Tascheron fell in love with the wife of his first employer, Pierre -Graslin, and she reciprocated the passion; to prepare a way for them -to escape together, he went one night to the house of Pingret, a rich -and miserly husbandman in the Faubourg Saint-Etienne, robbed him of a -large sum of money, and, thinking to assure his safety, murdered the -old man and his servant, Jeanne Malassis. Being arrested, despite his -precautions, Jean-Francois Tascheron made especial effort not to -compromise Madame Graslin. Condemned to death, he refused to confess, -and was deaf to the prayers of Pascal, the chaplain, yielding -somewhat, however, to his other visitors, the Abbe Bonnet, his mother, -and his sister Denise; as a result of their influence he restored a -considerable portion of the hundred thousand francs stolen. He was -executed at Limoges, in August, 1829. He was the natural father of -Francois Graslin. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -TASCHERON (Louis-Marie), a brother of the preceding; with Denise -Tascheron (afterwards Denise Gerard) he fulfilled a double mission: he -destroyed the traces of the crime of Jean-Francois, that might betray -Madame Graslin, and restored the rest of the stolen money to Pingret's -heirs, Monsieur and Madame de Vanneaulx. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -TASCHERON (Denise), a sister of the preceding. (See Gerard, Madame -Gregoire.) -</p> -<p> -TAUPIN, cure of Soulanges (Bourgogne), cousin of the Sarcus family and -Sarcus-Taupin, the miller. He was a man of ready wit, of happy -disposition, and on good terms with all his parishioners. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -TERNNICK (De), Duc de Casa-Real, which name see. -</p> -<p> -TERRASSE AND DUCLOS, keepers of records at the Palais, in 1822; -consulted at that time with success by Godeschal. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -THELUSSON, a banker, one of whose clerks was Lemprun before he entered -the Banque de France as messenger. [The Middle Classs.] -</p> -<p> -THERESE, lady's-maid to Madame de Nucingen during the Restoration and -the reign of Louis Philippe. [Father Goriot. A Daughter of Eve.] -</p> -<p> -THERESE, lady's-maid to Madame Xavier Rabourdin, on the rue Duphot, -Paris, in 1824. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -THERESE, lady's-maid to Madame de Rochefide in the latter part of -Charles X.'s reign, and during the reign of Louis Philippe. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -THERESE (Sister), the name under which Antoinette de Langeais died, -after she had taken the veil, and retired to the convent of -bare-footed Carmelites on an island belonging to Spain, probably the -island of Leon. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -THIBON (Baron), chief of the Comptoir d'Escompte, in 1818, had been a -colleague of Cesar Birotteau, the perfumer. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -THIRION, usher to the closet of King Louis XVIII., was on terms of -intimacy with the Ragons, and was invited to Cesar Birotteau's famous -ball on December 17, 1818, together with his wife and his daughter -Amelie, one of Servin's pupils who married Camusot de Marville. [The -Vendetta. Cesar Birotteau.] The emoluments of his position, obtained -by the patronage that his zeal deservedly acquired, enabled him to lay -by a considerable sum, which the Camusot de Marvilles inherited. -[Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -THOMAS was owner of a large house in Bretagne, that Marie de Verneuil -(Madame Alphonse de Montauran) bought for Francine de Cottin, her -lady's maid, and a niece of Thomas. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -THOMAS (Madame) was a milliner in Paris towards the latter part of the -reign of Charles X.; it was to her establishment that Frederic de -Nucingen, after being driven to the famous pastry shop of Madame -Domas, an error arising from his Alsatian pronunciation, betook -himself in quest of a black satin cape, lined with pink, for Esther -van Gobseck. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -THOMIRE contributed to the material splendors of the famous -entertainment given by Frederic Taillefer, about 1831, at his mansion -on the rue Joubert, Paris. [The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -THOREC, an anagram of Hector, and one of the names successively -assumed by Baron Hector Hulot d'Ervy, after deserting his conjugal -roof. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -THOREIN, a carpenter, was employed in making changes in Cesar -Birotteau's apartments some days before the famous ball given by the -perfumer on December 17, 1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -THOUL, anagram of the word Hulot, and one of the names successively -assumed by Baron Hector Hulot d'Ervy, after his desertion of the -conjugal roof. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -THOUVENIN, famous in his work, but an unreliable tradesman, was -employed, in 1818, by Madame Anselme Popinot (then Mademoiselle -Birotteau) to rebind for her father, the perfumer, the works of -various authors. [Cesar Birotteau.] Thouvenin, as an artist, was in -love with his own works—like Servais, the favorite gilder of Elie -Magus. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -THUILLIER was first door-keeper of the minister of finance in the -second half of the eighteenth century; by furnishing meals to the -clerks he realized from his position a regular annual income of almost -four thousand francs; being married and the father of two children, -Marie-Jeanne-Brigitte and Louis-Jerome, he retired from active duties -about 1806, and, losing his wife in 1810, he himself died in 1814. He -was commonly called "Stout Father Thuillier." [The Government Clerks. -The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -THUILLIER (Marie-Jeanne-Brigitte), daughter of the preceding, born in -1787, of independent disposition and of obstinate will, chose the -single state to become, as it were, the ambitious mother of -Louis-Jerome, a brother younger than herself by four years. She began -life by making coin-bags at the Bank of France, then engaged in -money-lending; took every advantage of her debtors, among others Fleury, -her father's colleague at the Treasury. Being now rich, she met the -Lempruns and the Galards; took upon herself the management of the -small fortune of their heir, Celeste Lemprum, whom she had selected -specially to be the wife of her brother; after their marriage she -lived with her brother's family; was also one of Mademoiselle -Colleville's god-mothers. On the rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer, and on -the Place de la Madeleine, she showed herself many times to be the -friend of Theodose de la Peyrade, who vainly sought the hand of the -future Madame Phellion. [The Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -THUILLIER (Louis-Jerome), younger brother of the preceding, born in -1791. Thanks to his father's position, he entered the Department of -Finance as clerk at an early age. Louis-Jerome Thuillier, being -exempted from military service on account of weak eyes, married -Celeste Lemprun, Galard's wealthy granddaughter, about 1814. Ten years -later he had reached the advancement of reporting clerk, in Xavier -Rabourdin's office, Flamet de la Billardiere's division. His pleasing -exterior gave him a series of successes in love affairs, that was -continued after his marriage, but cut short by the Restoration, -bringing back, as it did, with peace, the gallants escaped from the -battlefield. Among his amorous conquests may be counted Madame Flavie -Colleville, wife of his intimate friend and colleague at the Treasury; -of their relations was born Celeste Colleville—Madame Felix Phellion. -Having been deputy-chief for two years (since January 5, 1828), he -left the Treasury at the outbreak of the Revolution of 1830. In him -the office lost an expert in equivocal jests. Having left the -department, Thuillier turned his energies in another direction. -Marie-Jeanne-Brigette, his elder sister, turning him to the intricacies -of real estate, made him leave their lodging-place on the rue -d'Argenteuil, to purchase a house on the rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer, -which had formerly belonged to President Lecamus and to Petitot, the -artist. Thuillier's conceit and vanity, now that he had become a -well-known and important citizen, were greatly flattered when Theodose -de la Peyrade hired apartments from him. M. Thuillier was manager of the -"Echo de la Bievre," signed a certain pamphlet on political economy, -was candidate for the Chamber of Deputies, purchased a second house, -in 1840, on the Place de la Madeleine, and was chosen to succeed J.-J. -Popinot as member of the General Council of the Seine. [The Government -Clerks. The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -THUILLIER (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Celeste Lemprun, in -1794; only daughter of the oldest messenger in the Bank of France, -and, on her mother's side, granddaughter od Galard, a well-to-do -truck-gardener of Auteuil; a transparent blonde, slender, -sweet-tempered, religious, and barren. In her married life, Madame -Thuillier was swayed beneath the despotism of her sister-in-law, -Marie-Jeanne-Brigitte, but derived some consolation from the -affection of Celeste Colleville, and, about 1841, contributed as far -as her influence permitted, to the marriage of this her god-daughter. -[The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -TIENNETTE, born in 1769, a Breton who wore her native costume, was, in -1829, the devoted servant of Madame de Portenduere the elder, on the -rue des Bourgeois (now Bezout), Nemours. [Ursule Mirouet.] -</p> -<p> -TILLET (Ferdinand du), had legally a right only to the first part of -his name, which was given him on the morning of Saint-Ferdinand's day -by the curate of the church of Tillet, a town near Andelys (Eure). -Ferdinand was the son of an unknown great nobleman and a poor -countrywoman of Normandie, who was delivered of her son one night in -the curate's garden, and then drowned herself. The priest took in the -new born son of the betrayed mother and took care of him. His -protector being dead, Ferdinand resolved to make his own way in the -world, took the name of his village, was first commercial traveler, -and, in 1814, he became head clerk in Birotteau's perfumery -establishment on the rue Saint-Honore, Paris. While there he tried, -but without success, to win Constance Birotteau, his patron's wife, -and stole three thousand francs from the cash drawer. They discovered -the theft and forgave the offender, but in such a way that Du Tillet -himself was offended. He left the business and started a bank; being -the lover of Madame Roguin, the notary's wife, he became involved in -the business scheme known as "the lands of the Madeleine," the -original cause of Birotteau's failure and of his own fortune (1818). -Ferdinand du Tillet, now a lynx of almost equal prominence with -Nucingen, with whom he was on very intimate terms, being loved by -Mademoiselle Malvina d'Aldrigger, being looked up to by the Kellers -also, and being further the patron of Tiphaine, the Provins Royalist, -was able to crush Birotteau, and triumphed over him, even on December -17, 1818, the evening of the famous ball given by the perfumer; Jules -Desmarets, Benjamin de la Billiardiere, and he were the only perfect -types present of worldly propriety and distinction. [Cesar Birotteau. -The Firm of Nucingen. The Middle Classes. A Bachelor's Establishment. -Pierrette.] Once started, M. du Tillet seldom left the Chaussee -d'Antin, the financial quarter of Paris, during the Restoration and -the reign of Louis Philippe. It was there that he received Birotteau, -imploring aid, and gave him a letter of recommendation for Nucingen, -the result of which was quite different from what the unfortunate -merchant had anticipated. Indeed, it was agreed between the two -business men, if the i's in the letter in question were not dotted, to -give a negative answer; by this intentional omission, Du Tillet ruined -the unfortunate Birotteau. He had his bank on the rue Joubert when -Rodolphe Castanier, the dishonest cashier, robbed Nucingen. [Melmoth -Reconciled.] Ferdinand du Tillet was now a consequential personage, -when Lucien de Rubempre was making his start in Paris (1821). [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] Ten years later he married his -last daughter to the Comte de Granville, a peer of France, and "one of -the most illustrious names of the French magistracy." He occupied one -of the elegant mansions on the rue Neuve-des-Mathurins, now rue des -Mathurins; for a long time he kept Madame Roguin as his mistress; was -often seen, in the Faubourg Saint-Honore, with the Marquise d'Espard, -being found there on the day that Diane de Cadignan was slandered in -the presence of Daniel d'Arthez, who was very much in love with her. -With Massol and Raoul Nathan he founded a prominent newspaper, which -he used for his financial interests. He did not hesitate to get rid of -Nathan, who was loaded down with debts; but he found Nathan before him -once more, however, as candidate for the Chamber of Deputies, to -succeed Nucingen, who had been made a peer of France; this time, also, -he triumphed over his rival, and was elected. [The Secrets of a -Princess. A Daughter of Eve.] M. du Tillet was no more sparing of -Maxime de Trailles, but harassed him pitilessly, when the count was -sent into Champagne as electoral agent of the government. [The Member -for Arcis.] He was present at the fete given by Josepha Mirah, by way -of a house-warming, in her mansion on the rue de la Ville-l'Eveque; -Celestin Crevel and Valerie Marneffe invited him to their wedding. -[Cousin Betty.] At the end of the monarchy of July, being a deputy, -with his seat in the Left Centre, Ferdinand du Tillet kept in the most -magnificent style Seraphine Sinet, the Opera girl, more familiarly -called Carabine. [The Unconscious Humorists.] There is a biography of -Ferdinand du Tillet, elaborated by the brilliant pen of Jules -Claretie, in "Le Temps" of September 5, 1884, under title of "Life in -Paris." -</p> -<p> -TILLET (Madame Ferdinand du), wife of the preceding, born Marie-Eugenie -de Granville in 1814, one of the four children of the Comte and -Comtesse de Granville, and younger sister of Madame Felix de -Vandenesse; a blonde like her mother; in her marriage, which took -place in 1831, was a renewal of the griefs that had sobered the years -of her youth. Eugenie du Tillet's natural playfulness of spirit could -find vent only with her eldest sister, Angelique-Marie, and their -harmony teacher, W. Schmucke, in whose company the two sisters forgot -their father's neglect and the convent-like rigidness of a devotee's -home. Poor in the midst of wealth, deserted by her husband, and bent -beneath an inflexible yoke, Madame du Tillet could lend but too little -aid to her sister—then Madame de Vandenesse—in the trouble caused by -a passion she had conceived for Raoul Nathan. However, she supplied -her with two powerful allies—Delphine de Nucingen and W. Schmucke. As -a result of her marriage Madame du Tillet had two children. [A -Daughter of Eve.] -</p> -<p> -TINTENIAC, known for his part in the Quiberon affair, had among his -confederates Jacques Horeau, who was executed in 1809 with the -Chauffeurs of Orne. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -TINTI (Clarina), born in Sicily about 1803; was maid in an inn, when -her glorious voice came under the notice of a great nobleman, her -fellow-countryman, the Duke Cataneo, who had her educated. At the age -of sixteen, she made her debut with brilliant success at several -Italian theatres. In 1820, she was "prima donna assoluta" of the -Fenice theatre, Venice. Being loved by Genovese, the famous tenor, -Tinti was usually engaged with him. Of a passionate nature, beautiful -and capricious, Clarina became enamored of Prince Emilio du Varese, at -that time the lover of the Duchesse Cataneo, and became, for a while, -the mistress of that descendant of the Memmis: the ruined palace of -Varese, which Cataneo hired for Tinti, was the scene of these -ephemeral relations. [Massimilla Doni.] In the winter of 1823-1824, at -the home of Prince Gandolphini, in Geneva, with Genovese, Princesse -Gandolphini, and an exiled Italian prince, she sang the famous -quartette, "Mi manca la voce." [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -TIPHAINE, of Provins, brother of Madame Guenee-Galardon, rich in his -own right, and expecting something more by way of inheritance from his -father, adopted the legal profession; married a granddaughter of -Chevrel, a prominent banker of Paris; had children by his marriage; -presided over the court of his native town in the latter part of -Charles X.'s reign. At that time an ardent Royalist, and resting -secure under the patronage of the well-known financiers, Ferdinand du -Tillet and Frederic de Nucingen, M. Tiphaine contended against -Gouraud, Vinet, and Rogron, the local representatives of the Liberal -party, and for a considerable time upheld the cause of Mademoiselle -Pierrette Lorrain, their victim. Tiphaine, however, suited himself to -the circumstances, and came over to Louis Philippe, the -"revolutionist," under whose reign he became a member of the Chamber -of Deputies; he was "one of the most esteemed orators of the Centre"; -secured his appointment to the judgeship of the court of first -instance of the Seine, and still later he was made president of the -royal court. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -TIPHAINE (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Mathilde-Melanie -Roguin, in the early part of the nineteenth century; the only daughter -of a wealthy notary of Paris, noted for his fraudulent failure in -1819; on her mother's side, granddaughter of Chevrel, the banker, and -also distant cousin of the Guillaumes, and the families of Lebas and -Sommervieux. Before her marriage she was a frequent visitor at the -studio of Servin, the artist; she was there "the malicious oracle" of -the Liberal party, and, with Laure, took sides with Ginevra di Piombo -against Amelie Thirion, leader of the aristocratic group. [The -Vendetta.] Clever, pretty, coquettish, correct, and a real Parisian, -and protected by Madame Roguin's lover, Ferdinand du Tillet, -Mathilde-Melanie Tiphaine reigned supreme in Provins, in the midst of -the Guenee family, represented by Mesdames Galardon, Lessourd, Martener, -and Auffray; took in, or, rather, defended Pierrette Lorrain; and -overwhelmed the Rogron salon with her spirit of raillery. [Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -TISSOT (Pierre-Francois), born March 10, 1768, at Versailles, died -April 7, 1854; general secretary of the Maintenance Commission in -1793, successor to Jacques Delille in the chair of Latin poetry in the -College de France; a member of the Academy in 1833, and the author of -many literary and historical works; under the Restoration he was -managing editor of the "Pilote," a radical sheet that published a -special edition of the daily news for the provinces, a few hours after -the morning papers. Horace Bianchon, the house-surgeon, there learned -of the death of Frederic-Michel Taillefer, who had been killed in a -duel with Franchessini. [Father Goriot.] In the reign of Louis -Philippe, when Charles-Edouard Rusticoli de la Palferine's burning -activity vainly sought an upward turn, Tissot, from the professor's -chair, pleaded the cause of the rights and aspirations of youth that -had been ignored and despised by the power surrendered into the hands -of superannuated mossbacks. [A Prince of Bohemia.] -</p> -<p> -TITO, a young and handsome Italian, in 1823, brought "la liberta e -denaro" to the Prince and Princess Gandolphini, who were at that time -impoverished outlaws, living in concealment at Gersau (canton of -Lucerne) under the English name of Lovelace—"L'Ambitieux par Amour." -[Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -TOBY, born in Ireland about 1807; also called Joby, and Paddy; during -the Restoration, Beaudenord's "tiger" on the Quai Malaquais, Paris; a -wonder of precocity in vice; acquired a sort of celebrity in exercise -of his duties, a celebrity that was even reflected on Madame -d'Aldrigger's future son-in-law. [The Firm of Nucingen.] During Louis -Philippe's reign, Toby was a servant in the household of the Duc -Georges de Maufrigneuse on the rue Miromesnil. [The Secrets of a -Princess.] -</p> -<p> -TONNELET (Matire), a notary, and son-in-law of M. Gravier of Isere, -whose intimate friend was Benassis, and who was one of the co-workers -of that beneficent physician. Tonnelet was thin and pale, and of -medium height; he generally dressed in black, and wore spectacles. -[The Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -TONSARD (Mere), a peasant woman of Bourgogne, born in 1745, was one of -the most formidable enemies of Montcornet, the owner of Aigues, and of -his head-keeper, Justine Michaud. She had killed the keeper's favorite -hound and she encroached upon the forest trees, so as to kill them and -take the dead wood off. A reward of a thousand francs having been -offered to the person who should discover the perpetrator of these -wrongs, Mere Tonsard had herself denounced by her granddaughter, Marie -Tonsard, in order to secure this sum of money to her family, and she -was sentenced to five years' imprisonment, though she probably did not -serve her term. Mere Bonnebault committed the same offences as Mere -Tonsard; they had a quarrel, each wishing to profit by the advantages -of a denunciation, and had ended by referring the matter to the -casting of lots, which resulted in favor of Mere Tonsard. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -TONSARD (Francois), son of the preceding, born about 1773, was a -country laborer, skilled more or less in everything; he possessed a -hereditary talent, attested, moreover, by his name, for trimming -trees, and various kinds of hedges. Lazy and crafty, Francois Tonsard -secured from Sophie Laguerre, Montcornet's predecessor at Aigues, an -acre of land, on which he built, in 1795, the wine-shop known as the -Grand-I-Vert. He was saved from conscription by Francois Gaubertin, at -that time steward of Aigues, at the urgent request of Mademoiselle -Cochet, their common mistress. Being then married to Philippine -Fourchon, and Gaubertin having become his wife's lover, he could poach -with freedom, and so it was that the Tonsard family made regular -levies on the Aigues forest with impunity: they supplied themselves -entirely from the wood of the forest, kept two cows at the expense of -the landlord, and were represented at the harvest by seven gleaners. -Being incommoded by the active watch kept over them by Justine -Michaud, Gaubertin's successor, Tonsard killed him, one night in 1823. -Afterwards in the dismemberment of Montcornet's estate, Tonsard got -his share of the spoils. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -TONSARD (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Philippe Fourchon; -daughter of the Fourchon who was the natural grandfather of Mouche; -large, and of a good figure, with a sort of rustic beauty; lax in -morals; extravagant in her tastes, none the less she assured the -prosperity of the Grand-I-Vert, by reason of her talent as a cook, and -her free coquetry. By her marriage she had four children, two sons and -two daughters. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -TONSARD (Jean-Louis), born about 1801, son of the preceding, and -perhaps also of Francois Gaubertin, to whom Philippe Tonsard was -mistress. Exempted from military service in 1821 on account of a -pretended disorder in the muscles of his right arm, Jean-Louis Tonsard -posed under the protection of Soudry, Rogou and Gaubertin, in a -circumspect way, as the enemy of the Montcornets and Michaud. He was a -lover of Annette, Rigou's servant girl. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -TONSARD (Nicolas), younger brother of the preceding, and the male -counterpart of his sister Catherine; brutally persecuted, with his -sister's connivance, Niseron's granddaughter, Genevieve, called La -Pechina, whom he tried to outrage. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -TONSARD (Catherine). (See Godain, Madame.) -</p> -<p> -TONSARD (Marie), sister of the preceding; a blonde; had the loose and -uncivilized morals of her family. While mistress of Bonnebault, she -proved herself, on one occasion at the Cafe de la Paix of Soulanges, -to be fiercely jealous of Aglae Socquard, whom he wished to marry. -[The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -TONSARD (Reine), without any known relationship to all of the -preceding, was, in spite of being very ugly, the mistress of the son -of the Oliviers, porters to Valerie Marneffe-Crevel; and she remained -for a long time the confidential lady's-maid of that married -courtesan; but, being brought over by Jacques Collin, she eventually -betrayed and ruined the Crevel family. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -TONY, coachman to Louis de l'Estorade, about 1840. [The Member for -Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -TOPINARD, born about 1805; officer in charge of the property of the -theatre managed by Felix Gaudissart; in charge also of the lamps and -fixtures; and, lastly, he had the task of placing the copies of the -music on the musicians' stands. He went every day to the rue Normandie -to get news of Sylvain Pons, who was suffering from a fatal attack of -hepatitis; in the latter part of April, 1845, he was, with Fraisier, -Villemot and Sonet's agent, one of the pall-bearers at the funeral of -the cousin of the Camusot de Marvilles. On leaving the Pere-Lachaise, -Topinard, who was living in the Cite Bordin, was moved to compassion -for Schmucke, brought him home, and finally received him under his -roof. Topinard then secured the position of cashier with Gaudissart, -but he almost lost his position for trying to defend the interests of -Schmucke, of whom the heirs-at-law of Pons had undertaken to rid -themselves. Even under these circumstances Topinard aided Schmucke in -his distress; he alone followed the German's body to the cemetery, and -took pains to have him buried beside Sylvain Pons. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -TOPINARD (Madame Rosalie), wife of the preceding, born about 1815, -called Lolotte; she was a member of the choir under the direction of -Felix Gaudissart's predecessor, whose mistress she was. A victim of -her lover's failure, she became box-opener of the first tier, and also -quite a dealer in costumes during the following administration -(1834-1845). She had first lived as Topinard's mistress, but he -afterwards married her; she had three children by him. She took part -in the funeral mass of Pons; when Schmucke was taken in by her husband -in the Cite Bordin, she nursed the musician in his last illness. -[Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -TOPINARD, eldest son of the preceding couple, was a supernumerary in -Gaudissart's company. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -TOPINARD (Olga), sister of the preceding; a blonde of the German type; -when quite young, she won the warmest affection of Schmucke, who was -making his home with the employes of Gaudissart's theatre. [Cousin -Pons.] -</p> -<p> -TORLONIA (Duc), a name mentioned, in December, 1829, by the Baron -Frederic de Nucingen, as that of one of his friends, and pronounced by -him "Dorlonia." The duke had ordered a magnificent carpet, the price -of which he considered exorbitant, but the baron bought it for Esther -van Gobseck's "leedle balace" on the rue Saint-Georges. The Duc -Torlonia belonged to the famous family of Rome, that was so hospitable -to strangers, and was of French origin. The original name was -Tourlogne. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -TORPILLE (La), sobriquet of Esther van Gobseck. -</p> -<p> -TOUCHARD, father and son, ran a line of stages, during the -Restoration, to Beaumont-sur-Oise. [A Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -TOUCHES (Mademoiselle Felicite des), born at Guerande in 1791; related -to the Grandlieus; not connected with the Touches family of Touraine, -to which the regent's ambassador, more famous as a comic poet, -belonged; became an orphan in 1793; her father, a major in the Gardes -de la Porte, was killed on the steps of the Tuileries August 10, 1792, -and her only brother, a younger member of the guard, was massacred at -the Carmelite convent; lastly, her mother died of a broken heart a few -days after this last catastrophe. Entrusted then to the care of her -maternal aunt, Mademoiselle de Faucombe, a nun of Chelles,[*] she was -taken by her to Faucombe, a considerable estate situated near Nantes, -and soon afterwards she was put in prison along with her aunt on the -charge of being an emissary of Pitt and Cobourg. The 9th Thermidor -found them released; but Mademoiselle de Faucombe died of fright, and -Felicite was sent to M. de Faucombe, an archaeologist of Nantes, being -her maternal great-uncle and her nearest relative. She grew up by -herself, "a tom-boy"; she had at her command an enormous library, -which allowed her to acquire, at a very early age, a great mass of -information. The literary spirit being developed in her, Mademoiselle -des Touches began by assisting her aged uncle; wrote three articles -that he believed were his own work, and, in 1822, made her beginning -in literature with two volumes of dramatic works, after the fashion of -Lope de Vega and Shakespeare, which produced a sort of artistic -revolution. She then assumed as a permanent appellation, the pseudonym -of Camille Maupin, and led a bright and independent life. Her income -of eighty thousand livres, her castle of Les Touches, near Guerande -—Loire-Inferieure—her Parisian mansion on the rue de Mont-Blanc—now -rue de la Chaussee-d'Antin,—her birth, and her connections, had their -power of influence. Her irregularities were covered as with a veil, in -consideration of her genius. Indeed, Mademoiselle des Touches had more -than one lover: a gallant about 1817; then an original mind, a -sceptic, the real creator of Camille Maupin; and next Gennaro Conti, -whom she knew in Rome, and Claude Vignon, a critic of reputation. -[Beatrix. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -Felicite was a patron of Joseph Bridau, the romantic painter, who was -despised by the bourgeois [A Bachelor's Establishment.]; she felt a -liking for Lucien de Rubempre, whom, indeed, she came near marrying; -though this circumstance did not prevent her from aiding the poet's -mistress, Coralie, the actress; for, at the time of their amours, -Felicite des Touches was in high favor at the Gymnase. She was the -anonymous collaborator of a comedy into which Leontine Volnys—the -little Fay of that time—was introduced; she had intended to write -another vaudeville play, in which Coralie was to have made the -principal role. When the young actress took to her bed and died, which -occurred under the Poirson-Cerfberr[+] management, Felicite paid the -expenses of her burial, and was present at the funeral services, which -were conducted at Notre-Dame de Bonne-Nouvelle. She gave dinner-parties -on Wednesdays; Levasseur, Conti, Mesdames Pasta, Conti, Fodor, De -Bargeton, and d'Espard, attended her receptions. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] Although a Legitimist, like the Marquise -d'Espard, Felicite, after the Revolution of July, kept her salon open, -where were frequently assembled her neighbor Leontine de Serizy, Lord -Dudley and Lady Barimore, the Nucingens, Joseph Bridau, Mesdames de -Cadignan and de Montcornet, the Comtesse de Vandenesse, Daniel -d'Arthez, and Madame Rochegude, otherwise known as Rochefide. Canalis, -Rastignac, Laginski, Montriveau, Bianchon, Marsay, and Blondet rivaled -each other in telling piquant stories and passing caustic remarks -under her roof. [Another Study of Woman.] Furthermore, Mademoiselle -des Touches shortly afterwards gave advice to Marie de Vandenesse and -condemned free love. [A Daughter of Eve.] In 1836, while traveling -through Italy, which she was showing to Claude Vignon and Leon de -Lora, the landscape painter, she was present at an entertainment given -by Maurice de l'Hostal, the French consul at Genoa; on this occasion -he gave an account of the ups and downs of the Bauvan family. -[Honorine.] In 1837, after having appointed as her residuary legatee -Calyste du Guenic, whom she adored, but to whom she refused to give -herself over, Felicite des Touches retired to a convent in Nantes of -the order of Saint-Francois. Among the works left by this second -George Sand, we may mention "Le Nouveau Promethee," a bold attempt, -standing alone among her works, and a short autobiographical romance, -in which she described her betrayed passion for Conti, an admirable -work, which was regarded as the counterpart of Benjamin Constant's -"Adolphe." [Beatrix. The Muse of the Department.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] It was perhaps at Chelles that Mademoiselle de Faucombe became - acquainted with Mesdemoiselles de Beauseant and de Langeais. -</pre> -<pre> -[+] Delestre-Poirson, the vaudeville man, together with A. Cerfberr - established the Gymnase-Dramatique, December 20, 1820; with the - Cerfberr Brothers, Delestre-Poirson continued the management of it - until 1844. -</pre> -<p> -TOUPILLIER, born about 1750; of a wretchedly poor family consisting of -three sisters and five brothers, one of whom was father of Madame -Cardinal. From drum-major in the Gardes-Francaise, Toupillier became -beadle in the church of Saint-Sulpice, Paris; then dispenser of holy -water, having been an artist's model in the meantime. Toupillier, at -the beginning of the Restoration, suspected either of being a -Bonapartist, or of being unfit for his position, was discharged from -the service of the church, and had only the right to stand at the -threshold as a privileged beggar; however, he profited greatly by his -new position, for he knew how to arouse the compassionate feelings of -the faithful in every possible way, chiefly by passing as a -centenarian. Having been entrusted with the diamonds that Charles -Crochard had stolen from Mademoiselle Beaumesnil and which the young -thief wished to get off his hands for the time being, Toupillier -denied having received them and remained possessor of the stolen -jewels. But Corentin, the famous police-agent, followed the pauper of -Saint-Sulpice to the rue du Coeur-Volant, and surprised that new -Cardillac engrossed in the contemplation of the diamonds. He, however, -left them in his custody, on condition of his leaving by will all his -property to Lydie Peyrade, Corentin's ward and Mademoiselle -Beaumesnil's daughter. Corentin further required Toupillier to live in -his house and under his surveillance on the rue Honore-Chevalier. At -that time Toupillier had an income of eighteen hundred francs; he -might be seen, at the church, munching wretched crusts; but, the -church once closed, he went to dine at the Lathuile restaurant, -situated on the Barriere de Clichy, and at night he got drunk on the -excellent Rousillon wines. Notwithstanding an attack made by Madame -Cardinal and Cerizet on the closet containing the diamonds, when the -pauper of Saint-Sulpice died in 1840, Lydie Peyrade, now Madame -Theodose de la Peyrade, inherited all that Toupillier possessed. [The -Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -TOUPINET, a Parisian mechanic, at the time of the Restoration, being -married and father of a family, he stole his wife's savings, the fruit -of arduous labor; he was imprisoned, about 1828, probably for debts. -[The Commission in Lunacy.] -</p> -<p> -TOUPINET (Madame), wife of the preceding; known under the name -Pomponne; kept a fruit-stand; lived, in 1828, on the rue du -Petit-Banquier, Paris; unhappy in her married life; obtained from the -charitable J.-J. Popinot, under the name of a loan, ten francs for -purchasing stock. [The Commission in Lunacy.] -</p> -<p> -TOURNAN, a hatter of the rue Saint-Martin, Paris; among his customers -was young Poiret, who, on July 3, 1823, brought him his head-covering, -all greased, as a result of J.-J. Bixiou's practical joking. [The -Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -TOURS-MINIERES (Bernard-Polydor Bryond, Baron des), a gentleman of -Alencon; born about 1772; in 1793, was one of the most active -emissaries of the Comte de Lille (Louis XVIII.), in his conspiracy -against the Republic. Having received the King's thanks, he retired to -his estate in the department of Orne, which had long been burdened -with mortgages; and, in 1807, he married Henriette Le Chantre de la -Chanterie, with the concurrence of the Royalists, whose "pet" he was. -He pretended to take part in the reactionary revolutionary movement of -the West in 1809, implicated his wife in the matter, compromised her, -ruined her, and then disappeared. Returning in secrecy to his country, -under the assumed name of Lemarchand, he aided the authorities in -getting at the bottom of the plot, and then went to Paris, where he -became the celebrated police-agent Contenson. [The Seamy Side of -History.] He knew Peyrade, and received from Lenoir's old pupil the -significant sobriquet of "Philosopher." Being agent for Fouche during -the period of the Empire, he abandoned himself in the most sensual way -to his passions, and lived a life of irregularity and vice. During the -time of the Restoration Louchard had him employed by Nucingen at the -time of the latter's amours with Esther van Gobseck. In the service of -this noted banker, Contenson (with Peyrade and Corentin) tried to -protect him from the snares of Jacques Collin, and followed the -pseudo-Carlos Herrera to his place of refuge on a house-top; but being -hurled from the roof by his intended victim, he was instantly killed -during the winter of 1829-1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<p> -TOURS-MINIERES (Baronne Bryond des), wife of the preceding; born -Henriette Le Chantre de la Chanterie, in 1789; only daughter of -Monsieur and Madame Le Chantre de la Chanterie; was married after her -father's death. Through the machinations of Tours-Minieres she was -brought into contact with Charles-Amedee-Louis-Joseph Rifoel, -Chevalier du Vissard, became his mistress, and took the field for him -in the Royalist cause, in the department of Orne, in 1809. Betrayed by -her husband, she was executed in 1810, in accordance with a -death-sentence of the court presided over by Mergi, Bourlac being -attorney-general. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -TRAILLES (Comte Maxime de), born in 1791, belonged to a family that -was descended from an attendant to Louis XI., and raised to the -nobility by Francois I. This perfect example of the Parisian -<i>condottieri</i> made his beginning in the early part of the nineteenth -century as a page to Napoleon. Being loved, in turn, by Sarah Gobseck -and Anastasie de Restaud, Maxime de Trailles, himself already ruined, -ruined both of these; gaming was his master passion, and his caprices -knew no bounds. [Cesar Birotteau. Father Goriot. Gobseck.] He took -under his attention the Vicomte Savinien de Portenduere, a novice in -Parisian life, whom also he would have served later as his second -against Desire Minoret, but for the latter's death by accident. -[Ursule Mirouet.] His ready wit usually saved him from the throng of -creditors that swarmed about him, but even thus he once paid a debt -due Cerizet, in spite of himself. Maxime de Trailles, at that time, -was keeping, in a modest way, Antonia Chocardelle, who had a -news-stand on the rue Coquenard, near the rue Pigalle, on which -Trailles lived; and, at the same time, a certain Hortense, a protegee -of Lord Dudley, was seconding the genius of that excellent comedian, -Cerizet. [A Man of Business. The Member for Arcis.] The dominant party -of the Restoration accused Maxime de Trailles of being a Bonapartist, -and rebuked him for his shameless corruption of life; but the citizen -monarchy extended him a cordial welcome. Marsay was the chief promoter -of the count's fortunes; he moulded him, and sent him on delicate -political missions, which he managed with marvelous success. [The -Secrets of a Princess.] And so the Comte de Trailles was widely known -in social circles: as the guest of Josepha Mirah, by his presence he -honored the house-warming in her new apartments on the rue de la -Ville-l'Eveque. [Cousin Betty.] Marsay being dead, he lost the power -of his prestige. Eugene de Rastignac, who had become somewhat of a -Puritan, showed but slight esteem for him. However, Maxime de Trailles -was on easy terms with one of the minister's intimate friends, the -brilliant Colonel Franchessini. Nucingen's son-in-law—Eugene de -Rastignac—perhaps recalled Madame de Restaud's misfortunes, and -doubtless entertained no good feeling for the man who was responsible -for them all. None the less, he employed the services of M. de -Trailles—who was always at ease in the Marquise d'Espard's salon, in -the Faubourg Saint-Honore, though a man over forty years of age, -painted and padded and bowed down with debts—and sent him to look -after the political situation in Arcis before the spring election of -1839. Trailles worked his wires with judgment; he tried to override -the Cinq-Cygnes, partisans of Henri V.; he supported the candidacy of -Phileas Beauvisage, and sought the hand of Cecile-Renee Beauvisage, -the wealthy heiress, but was unsuccessful on all sides. [The Member -for Arcis.] M. de Trailles, furthermore, excelled in the adjustment of -private difficulties. M. d'Ajuda-Pinto, Abbe Brossette, and Madame de -Grandlieu called for his assistance, and, with the further aid of -Rusticoli de la Palferine, effected the reconciliation of the families -of Calyste du Guenic and Arthur de Rochefide. [Beatrix.] He became a -member of the Chamber of Deputies, succeeding Phileas Beauvisage, who -had replaced Charles de Sallenauve, at the Palais-Bourbon; here he was -pointed out to S.-P. Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -TRANS (Mademoiselle), a young unmarried woman of Bordeaux, who, like -Mademoiselle de Belor, was on the lookout for a husband when Paul de -Manerville married Natalie Evangelista. [A Marriage Settlement.] -</p> -<p> -TRANSON (Monsieur and Madame), wholesale dealers in earthenware goods -on the rue des Lesdiguieres, were on intimate terms, about 1824, with -their neighbors, the Baudoyers and the Saillards. [The Government -Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -TRAVOT (General), with his command, conducted, in 1815, the siege of -Guerande, a fortress defended by the Baron du Guenic, who finally -evacuated it, but who reached the wood with his Chouans and remained -in possession of the country until the second return of the Bourbons. -[Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -TROGNON (Maitre), a Parisian notary, wholly at the disposal of his -neighbor, Maitre Fraisier; during the years 1844-1845 he lived on the -rue Saint-Louis-au-Marais—now rue de Turenne—and reached the -death-bed of Sylvain Pons before his colleague, Maitre Leopold -Hannequin, though the latter actually received the musician's last -wishes. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -TROISVILLE (Guibelin, Vicomte de), whose name is pronounced Treville, -and who, as well as his numerous family, bore simply the name Guibelin -during the period of the Empire; he belonged to a noble line of ardent -Royalists well known in Alencon. [The Seamy Side of History.] Very -probably several of the Troisvilles, as well as the Chevalier de -Valois and the Marquis d'Esgrignon, were among the correspondents of -the Vendean chiefs, for it is well known that the department of Orne -was counted among the centres of the anti-revolutionary uprising -(1799). [The Chouans.] Furthermore, the Bourbons, after their -restoration, overwhelmed the Troisvilles with honors, making several -of them members of the Chamber of Deputies or peers of France. The -Vicomte Guibelin de Troisville served during the emigration in Russia, -where he married a Muscovite girl, daughter of the Princesse -Scherbeloff; and, during the year 1816, he returned to establish -himself permantly among the people of Alencon. Accepting temporarily -the hospitality of Rose-Victoire Cormon (eventually Madame du -Bousquier), he innocently inspired her with false hopes; the viscount, -naturally reserved, failed to inform her of his being son-in-law of -Scherbeloff, and legitimate father of the future Marechale de -Montcornet. Guibelin de Troisville, a loyal social friend of the -Esgrignons, met in their salon the Roche-Guyons and the Casterans, -distant cousins of his, but the intimate relations almost came to an -end, when Mademoiselle Virginie de Troisville became Madame de -Montcornet. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] However, in spite of this -union, which he looked upon as a mesalliance, the viscount was never -cool towards his daughter and her husband, but was their guest at -Aigues, in Bourgogne. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -TROMPE-LA-MORT, a sobriquet of Jacques Collin. -</p> -<p> -TROUBERT (Abbe Hyacinthe), favorite priest of M. de Bourbonne; rose -rapidly during the Restoration and Louis Philippe's reign, canon and -vicar-general, in turn, of Tours, he was afterwards bishop of Troyes. -His early career in Touraine showed him to be a deep, ambitious, and -dangerous man, knowing how to remove from his path those that impeded -his advance, and knowing how to conceal the full power of his -animosity. The secret support of the Congregation and the connivance -of Sophie Gamard allowed him to take advantage of Abbe Francois -Birotteau's unsuspecting good nature, and to rob him of all the -inheritance of Abbe Chapeloud, whom he had hated in his lifetime, and -over whom he triumphed thus again, despite the shrewdness of the -deceased priest. Abbe Troubert even won over to his side the -Listomeres, defenders of Francois Birotteau. [The Vicar of Tours.] -About 1839, at Troyes, Monsiegneur Troubert was on terms of intimacy -with the Cinq-Cygnes, the Hauteserres, the Cadignans, the -Maufrigneuses, and Daniel d'Arthez, who were more or less concerned in -the matter of the Champagne elections. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -TROUSSENARD (Doctor), a physician of Havre, during the Restoration, -at the time that the Mignon de la Bastie family lived in that -sub-prefecture of the Seine-Inferieure. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -TRUDON, in 1818, a grocer of Paris, in the same quarter as Cesar -Birotteau, whom he furnished, on December 17th of that year, with -nearly two hundred francs' worth of wax candles. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -TULLIA, professional sobriquet of Madame du Bruel. -</p> -<p> -TULLOYE, the name of the owner of a small estate near Angouleme, where -M. de Bargeton, in the autumn of 1821, severely wounded M. de -Chandour, an unsophisticated hot-head, whom he had challenged to a -duel. The name Tulloye furnished a good opportunity in the affair for -a play on words. [Lost Illusions.] -</p> -<p> -TURQUET (Marguerite), born about 1816, better known under the -sobriquet of Malaga, having a further appellaton of the "Aspasia of -the Cirque-Olympique," was originally a rider in the famous Bouthor -Traveling Hippodrome, and was later a Parisian star at the Franconi -theatre, in the summer on the Champs-Elysees, in the winter on the -Boulevard du Crime. In 1837, Mademoiselle Turquet was living in the -fifth story of a house on the rue des Fosses-du-Temple—a thoroughfare -that has been built up since 1862—when Thaddee Paz set her up in -sumptuous style elsewhere. But she wearied of the role of supposed -mistress of the Pole. [The Imaginary Mistress.] Nevertheless, this -position had placed Marguerite in a prominent light, and she shone -thenceforth among the artists and courtesans. She had in Maitre -Cardot, a notary on the Place du Chatelet, an earnest protector; and -as her lover she had a quite young musician. [The Muse of the -Department.] A shrewd girl, she held on to Maitre Cardot, and made a -popular hostess, in whose salon Desroches, about 1840, gave an -entertaining account of a strange battle between two roues, Trailles -and Cerizet, debtor and creditor, that resulted in a victory for -Cerizet. [A Man of Business.] In 1838, Malaga Turquet was present at -Josepha Mirah's elegant house-warming in her gorgeous new apartments -on the rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0024"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - U -</h2> -<p> -URBAIN, servant of Soudry, mayor of Soulanges, Bourgogne, during the -Restoration; was at one time a cavalry soldier, who entered into the -service of the mayor, an ex-brigadier of gendarmes, after failing to -receive an appointment as gendarme. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -URRACA, aged Spanish woman, nurse of Baron de Macumer; the only family -servant kept by her master after his ruin and during his exile in -France. Urraca prepared the baron's chocolate in the very best style. -[Letters of Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -URRACA Y LORA (Mademoiselle), paternal aunt of Leon de Lora, remained -a spinster. As late as 1845 this quasi-Spaniard was still living in -poverty in a commune of the Pyrenees-Orientales, with the father and -elder brother of the artist. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -URSULE, servant employed by the Abbe Bonnet, cure of Montegnac, in -1829; a woman of canonical age. She received the Abbe de Rastignac, -who had been sent by the Bishop of Limoges to bring the village curate -to Jean-Francois Tascheron. It was desired that this man, although he -was condemned to death, should be brought back within the "pale of the -Church." Ursule learned from the Abbe de Rastignac of the reprieve -that had been given the murderer, and being not only inquisitive, but -also a gossip; she spread it throughout the whole village, during the -time that she was buying the articles necessary for the preparation of -breakfast for the Cure Bonnet and the Abbe de Rastignac. [The Village -Parson.] -</p> -<p> -URSULE, from Picardie, very large; cook employed by Ragon, perfumer on -rue Saint-Honore, Paris, towards the end of the eighteenth century; -about 1793 she took in hand the amorous education of Cesar Birotteau, -the little Tourraine peasant just employed by the Ragons as errand-boy. -Ill-natured, wanton, wheedling, dishonest, selfish and given to -drink, Ursule did not suit the candid Cesar, whom she abandoned, -moreover, two years later, for a young Picardie rebel, who owned a few -acres of land. He found concealment in Paris, and let her marry him. -[Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -UXELLES (Marquise d'), related to the Princess de Blamont-Chauvry, and -to the Duc and Duchesse de Lenoncourt; god-mother of Cesar Birotteau. -[Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -UXELLES (Duchesse d'), born about 1769, mother of Diane d'Uxelles; -beloved by the Duc de Maufrigneuse, and about 1814 gave him her -daughter in marriage; ten years later she withdrew to her Uxelles -estate, where she lived a life of piety and selfishness. [The Secrets -of a Princess.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0025"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - V -</h2> -<p> -VAILLANT (Madame), wife of a cabinet-maker in the Faubourg -Saint-Antoine; mother of three children. In 1819 and 1820, for forty -sous per month, she kept house for a young author,[*] who lived in a -garret in rue Lesdiguieres. She utilized her remaining time in turning -the crank for a mechanic, and received only ten sous a day for this -hard work. This woman and her husband were perfectly upright. At the -wedding of Madame Vaillant's sister, the young writer became -acquainted with Pere Canet—Facino Cane—clarinetist at the -Quinze-Vingts—who told him his strange story. [Facino Cane.] In 1818, -Madame Vaillant, already aged, kept house for Claude-Joseph Pillerault, -the former Republican, on rue des Bourdonnais. The old merchant was -good to his servant and did not let her shine his shoes. [Cesar -Birotteau.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] Honore de Balzac. He employed Madame Vaillant as a servant. -</pre> -<p> -VALDES (Paquita), born in the West Indies about 1793, daughter of a -slave bought in Georgia on account of her great beauty; lived in the -early part of the Restoration and during the Hundred Days in Hotel -San-Real, rue Saint-Lazare, Paris, with her mother and her -foster-father, Christemio. In April, 1815, in the Jardin des Tuileries, -she was met by Henri de Marsay, who loved her. She agreed to receive -him secretly in her own home. She gave up everything for his sake, but -in a transport of love, she cried out from force of habit: "O -Mariquita!" This put her lover in such a fury that he tried to kill -her. Not being able to do this, he returned, accompanied by some other -members of "The Thirteen," only to find Paquita murdered; for, the -Marquise de San-Real, Marsay's own sister, who was very jealous of the -favors granted the man by this girl, has slashed her savagely with a -dagger. Having been kept in retirement since she was twelve years old, -Paquita Valdes knew neither how to read nor to write. She spoke only -English and Spanish. On account of the peculiar color of her eyes she -was known as "the girl with the golden eyes," by some young men, one -of whom was Paul de Manerville, who had noticed her during his -promenades. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -VALDEZ, a Spanish admiral, constitutional minister of King Ferdinand -VII. in 1820; was obliged to flee at the time of the reaction, and -embarked on an English vessel. His escape was due to the warning given -him by Baron de Macumer, who told him in time. [Letters of Two -Brides.] -</p> -<p> -VALENTIN (De), head of a historic house of Auvergne, which had fallen -into poverty and obscurity; cousin of the Duc de Navarreins; came to -Paris under the monarchy, and made for himself an excellent place at -the "very heart of power." This he lost during the Revolution. Under -the Empire he bought many pieces of property given by Napoleon to his -generals; but the fall of Napoleon ruined him completely. He reared -his only son, Raphael, with great harshness, although he expected him -to restore the house to its former position. In the autumn of 1826, -six months after he had paid his creditors, he died of a broken heart. -The Valentins had on their arms: an eagle of gold in a field of sable, -crowned with silver, beak and talons with gules, with this device: -"The soul has not perished." [The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -VALENTIN (Madame de), born Barbe-Marie O'Flaharty, wife of the -preceding; heiress of a wealthy house; died young, leaving to her only -son an islet in the Loire. [The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -VALENTIN (Marquis Raphael de),[*] only son of the preceding couple, -born in 1804, and probably in Paris, where he was reared; lost his -mother when he was very young, and, after an unhappy childhood, -received on the death of his father the sum of eleven hundred and -twelve francs. On this he lived for nearly three years, boarding at -the rate of a franc per day at the Hotel de Saint-Quintin, rue des -Cordiers. He began two great works there: a comedy, which was to bring -him fame in a day, and the "Theory of the Will," a long work, like -that of Louis Lambert, meant to be a continuation of the books by -Mesmer, Lavater, Gall and Bichat. Raphael de Valentin as a doctor of -laws was destined by his father for the life of a statesman. Reduced -to extreme poverty, and deprived of his last possession, the islet in -the Loire, inherited from his mother, he was on the point of -committing suicide, in 1830, when a strange dealer in curiosities of -the Quai Voltaire, into whose shop he had entered by chance, gave him -a strange piece of shagreen, the possession of which assured him the -gratification of every desire, although his life would be shortened by -each wish. Shortly after this he was invited to a sumptuous feast at -Frederic Taillefer's. On the next morning Raphael found himself heir -to six million francs. In the autumn of 1831 he died of consumption in -the arms of Pauline Gaudin; they were mutual lovers. He tried in vain -to possess himself of her, in a supreme effort. As a millionaire, -Raphael de Valentin lived in friendship with Rastignac and Blondet, -looked after by his faithful servant, Jonathas, in a house on rue de -Varenne. At one time he was madly in love with a certain Comtesse -Foedora. Neither the waters of Aix, nor those of Mont-Dore, both of -which he tried, were able to give him back his lost health. [The Magic -Skin.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] During the year 1851, at the Ambigu-Comique, was performed a drama - by Alphonse Arnault and Louis Judicis, in which the life of - Raphael Valentin was reproduced. -</pre> -<p> -VALENTINE, given name and title of the heroine of a vaudeville play[*] -in two acts, by Scribe and Melesville, which was performed at the -Gymnase-Dramatique, January 4, 1836. This was more than twenty years -after the death of M. and Madame de Merret, whose lives and tragic -adventures were more or less vividly pictured in the play. [The Muse -of the Department.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] Madame Eugenie Savage played the principal part. -</pre> -<p> -VALLAT (Francois), deputy to the king's attorney at Ville-aux-Fayes, -Bourgogne, under the Restoration, at the time of the peasant uprising -against General de Montcornet. He was a cousin of Madame Sarcus, wife -of Sarcus the Rich. He sought promotion through Gaubertin, the mayor, -who was influential throughout the entire district. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -VALLET, haberdasher in Soulanges, Bourgogne, during the Restoration, -at the time of General de Montcornet's struggle against the peasants. -The Vallet house was next to Socquard's Cafe de la Paix. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -VAL-NOBLE (Madame du). (See Gaillard, Madame Theodore.) -</p> -<p> -VALOIS (Chevalier de), born about 1758; died, as did his friend and -fellow-countryman, the Marquis d'Esgrignon, with the legitimate -monarchy, August, 1830. This poor man passed his youth in Paris, where -he was surprised by the Revolution. He was finally a Chouan, and when -the western Whites arose in arms against the Republic, he was one of -the members of the Alencon royal committee. At the time of the -Restoration he was living in this city very modestly, but received by -the leading aristocracy of the province as a true Valois. The -chevalier carried snuff in an old gold snuffbox, ornamented with the -picture of the Princess Goritza, a Hungarian, celebrated for her -beauty, under Louis XV. He spoke only with emotion of this woman, for -whom he had battled with Lauzun. The Chevalier de Valois tried vainly -to marry the wealthy heiress of Alencon, Rose-Victoire Cormon, a -spinster, who had the misfortune to become the wife, platonically -speaking, of M. du Bousquier, the former contractor. In his lodging at -Alencon with Madame Lardot, a laundress, the chevalier had as mistress -one of the working women, Cesarine, whose child was usually attributed -to him. Cesarine was, as a result, the sole legatee of her lover. The -chevalier also took some liberties with another employe of Madame -Lardot, Suzanne, a very beautiful Norman girl, who was afterwards -known at Paris as a courtesan, under the name of Val-Noble, and who -still later married Theodore Gaillard. M. de Valois, although strongly -attached to this girl, did not allow her to defraud him. He was -intimate with Messieurs de Lenoncourt, de Navarreins, de Verneuil, de -Fontaine, de la Billardiere, de Maufrigneuse and de Chaulieu. Valois -made a living by gambling, but pretended to gain his modest livelihood -from a Maitre Bordin, in the name of a certain M. de Pombreton. [The -Chouans. Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -VANDENESSE (Marquis de), a gentleman of Tours; had by his wife four -children: Charles, who married Emilie de Fontaine, widow of -Kergarouet; Felix, who married Marie-Angelique de Granville; and two -daughters, the elder of whom was married to her cousin, the Marquis de -Listomere. The Vandenesse motto was: "Ne se vend." [The Lily of the -Valley.] -</p> -<p> -VANDENESSE (Marquise de), born Listomere, wife of the preceding; tall, -slender, emaciated, selfish and fond of cards; "insolent, like all the -Listomeres, with whom insolence always counts as a part of the dowry." -She was the mother of four children, whom she reared harshly, keeping -them at a distance, especially her son Felix. She had something of a -weakness for her son Charles, the elder. [The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -VANDENESSE (Marquis Charles de), son of the preceding, born towards -the close of the eighteenth century; shone as a diplomatist under the -Bourbons; during this period was the lover of Madame Julie -d'Aiglemont, wife of General d'Aiglemont; by her he had some natural -children. With Desroches as his attorney, Vandenesse entered into a -suit with his younger brother, Comte Felix, in regard to some -financial matters. He married the wealthy widow of Kergarouet, born -Emilie de Fontaine. [A Woman of Thirty. A Start in Life. A Daughter of -Eve.] -</p> -<p> -VANDENESSE (Marquise Charles de), born Emilie de Fontaine about 1802; -the youngest of the Comte de Fontaine's daughters; having been -overindulged as a child, her insolent bearing, a distinctive trait of -character, was made manifest at the famous ball of Cesar Birotteau, to -which she accompanied her parents. [Cesar Birotteau.] She refused Paul -de Manerville, and a number of other excellent offers, before marrying -her mother's uncle, Admiral Comte de Kergarouet. This marriage, which -she regretted later, was resolved upon during a game of cards with the -Bishop of Persepolis, as a result of the anger which she felt on -learning that M. Longueville, on whom she had centred her affections, -was only a merchant. [The Ball at Sceaux.] Madame de Kergarouet -scorned her nephew by marriage, Savinien de Portenduere, who courted -her. [Ursule Mirouet.] Having become a widow, she married the Marquis -de Vandenesse. A little later she endeavored to overthrow her -sister-in-law, the Comtesse Felix de Vandenesse, then in love with -Raoul Nathan. [A Daughter of Eve.] -</p> -<p> -VANDENESSE (Comte Felix de), brother-in-law of the preceding, born -late in the eighteenth century, bore the title of vicomte until the -death of his father; suffered much in childhood and youth, first in -his home life, then as a pupil in a boarding-school at Tours and in -the Oratorien college at Pontlevoy. He was unhappy also at the Lepitre -school in Paris, and during his holidays spent on the Ile Saint-Louis -with one of the Listomeres, a kinswoman. Felix de Vandenesse at last -found happiness at Frapesle, a castle near Clochegourde. It was then -that his platonic liaison with Madame de Mortsauf began—a union which -occupied an important place in his life. He was, moreover, the lover -of Lady Arabelle Dudley, who called him familiarly Amedee, pronounced -"my dee." Madame de Mortsauf, having died, he was subjected to the -secret hatred of her daughter Madeleine, later Madame de -Lenoncourt-Givry-Chaulieu. About this time began his career in public -life. During the "Hundred Days" Louis XVIII. entrusted to him a -mission in Vendee. The King received him into favor, and finally -employed him as private secretary. He was also appointed master of -petitions in the State Council. Vandenesse frequently visited the -Lenoncourts. He excited admiration, mingled with envy, in the mind of -Lucien de Rubempre, who had recently arrived in Paris. Acting for the -King, he helped Cesar Birotteau. He was acquainted with the Prince de -Talleyrand, and asked of him information about Macumer, for Louise de -Chaulieu. [The Lily of the Valley. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris. Cesar Birotteau. Letters of Two Brides.] After -his father's death, Felix de Vandenesse assumed the title of count, -and probably won a suit in regard to a land-sale against his brother, -the marquis, who had been badly served by a rascally clerk of Maitre -Desroches, Oscar Husson. [A Start in Life.] At this time, Comte Felix -de Vandenesse began a very close relationship with Natalie de -Manerville. She herself broke this off as a result of the detailed -description that he gave her of the love which he had formerly felt -for Madame de Mortsauf. [The Marriage Settlement.] The year following, -he married Angelique-Marie de Granville, elder daughter of the -celebrated magistrate of that name, and began to keep house on rue du -Rocher, where he had a house, furnished with the best of taste. At -first he was not able to gain his wife's affection, as his known -profligacy and his patronizing manners filled her with fear. She did -not go with him to the evening entertainment given by Madame d'Espard, -where he found himself with his elder brother, and where many -gossiping tongues directed their speech against Diane de Cadignan, -despite the presence of her lover, Arthez. Felix de Vandenesse went -with his wife to a rout at the home of Mademoiselle des Touches, where -Marsay told the story of his first love. The Comte and Comtesse de -Vandenesse, who, under Louis Philippe, still frequented the houses of -the Cadignans and the Montcornets, came very near having serious -trouble. Madame de Vandenesse, had foolishly fallen in love with Raoul -Nathan, but was kept from harm by her husband's skilful management. -[The Secrets of a Princess. Another Study of Woman. The Gondreville -Mystery. A Daughter of Eve.] -</p> -<p> -VANDENESSE (Comtesse Felix de), wife of the preceding; born -Angelique-Marie de Granville in 1808; a brunette like her father. In -bearing the cruel treatment of her prejudiced mother, in the Marais -house, where she spent her youth, the Comtesse Felix was consoled by -the tender affection of a younger sister, Marie-Eugenie, later Madame -F. du Tillet. The lessons in harmony given them by Wilhelm Schmucke -afforded them some diversion. Married about 1828, and dowered -handsomely, to the detriment of Marie-Eugenie, she underwent, when -about twenty-five years old, a critical experience. Although mother of -at least one child, becoming suddenly of a romantic turn of mind, she -narrowly escaped becoming the victim of a worldly conspiracy formed -against her by Lady Dudley and by Mesdames Charles de Vandenesse and -de Manerville. Marie, moved by the strength of her passion for the -writer, Raoul Nathan, and wishing to save him from financial trouble, -appealed to the good offices of Madame de Nucingen and to the devotion -of Schmucke. The proof furnished to her by her husband of the debasing -relations and the extreme Bohemian life of Raoul, kept Madame Felix de -Vandenesse from falling. [A Second Home. A Daughter of Eve.] -Afterwards, her adventure, the dangers which she had run, and her -rupture with the poet, were all recounted by M. de Clagny, in the -presence of Madame de la Baudraye, Lousteau's mistress. [The Muse of -the Department.] -</p> -<p> -VANDENESSE (Alfred de), son of the Marquis Charles de Vandenesse, a -coxcomb who, under the reign of Louis Philippe, at the Faubourg -Saint-Germain, compromised the reputation of the Comtesse de -Saint-Hereen, despite the presence of her mother, Madame d'Aiglemont, -the former mistress of the marquis. [A Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -VANDIERES (General, Comte de), old, feeble and childish, when, with -his wife and a large number of soldiers, November 29, 1812, he started -on a raft to cross the Beresina. When the boat struck the other bank -the shock threw the count into the river. His head was severed from -his body by a cake of ice, and went down the river like a cannon-ball. -[Farewell.] -</p> -<p> -VANDIERES (Comtesse Stephanie de), wife of the preceding, niece of the -alienist Doctor Fanjat; mistress of Major de Sucy, who afterwards was -a general. In 1812, during the campaign in Russia, she shared with her -husband all the dangers, and managed to cross the Beresina with her -lover's aid, although she was unable to rejoin him. She wandered for a -long time in northern or eastern Europe. Having become insane, she -could say nothing but the word "Farewell"! She was found later at -Strasbourg by the grenadier, Fleuriot. Having been taken to the -Bons-Hommes near the Isle-Adam, she was attended by Fanjat. She there -had as a companion an idiot by the name of Genevieve. In September, 1819, -Stephanie again saw Philippe de Sucy, but did not recognize him. She -died not far from Saint-Germain-en-Laye, January, 1820, soon after the -reproduction of the scene on the Beresina, arranged by her lover. Her -sudden return of reason killed her. [Farewell.] -</p> -<p> -VANIERE, gardener to Raphael de Valentin; obtained from the well, into -which his frightened employer had thrown it, the wonderful piece of -shagreen, which no weight, no reagent, and no pounding could either -stretch or injure, and which none of the best known scientists could -explain. [The Magic Skin.] -</p> -<p> -VANNEAULX (Monsieur and Madame des), small renters at Limoges, living -with their two children on rue des Cloches towards the end of Charles -X.'s reign. They inherited in the neighborhood of a hundred thousand -francs from Pingret, of whom Madame des Vanneaulx was the only niece. -This was after their uncle's murderer, J.-F. Tascheron, having been -urged by the Cure Bonnet, restored a large portion of the money stolen -in Faubourg Saint-Etienne. M. and Madame des Vanneaulx, who had -accused the murderer of "indelicacy," changed their opinion entirely -when he made this restitution. [The Country Parson.] -</p> -<p> -VANNI (Elisa), a Corsican woman who, according to one Giacomo, rescued -a child, Luigi Porta, from the fearful vendetta of Bartolomeo di -Piombo. [The Vendetta.] -</p> -<p> -VANNIER, patriot, conscript of Fougeres, Bretagne, during the autumn -of 1799 received an order to convey marching orders to the National -Guard of his city—a body of men who were destined to aid the -Seventy-second demi-brigade in its engagements with the Chouans. [The -Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -VARESE (Emilio Memmi, Prince of), of the Cane-Memmis, born in 1797, a -member of the greater nobility, descendant of the ancient Roman family -of Memmius, received the name of Prince of Varese on the death of -Facino Cane, his relative. During the time of Austrian rule in Venice, -Memmi lived there in poverty and obscurity. In the early part of the -Restoration he was on friendly terms with Marco Vendramini, his -fellow-countryman. His poverty would not permit of his keeping more -than one servant, the gondolier, Carmagnola. For Massimilla Doni, wife -of the Duke Cataneo, he felt a passion, which was returned, and which -for a long time remained platonic, despite its ardor. He was -unfaithful to her at one time, not being able to resist the unforeseen -attractions of Clarina Tinti, a lodger in the Memmi palace, and -unrivaled prima donna at the Fenice. Finally, conquering his timidity, -and breaking with the "ideal," he rendered Massimilla Cataneo a -mother, and married her when she became a widow. Varese lived in Paris -under the reign of Louis Philippe, and, having been enriched by his -marriage, one evening at the Champs-Elysees, aided certain destitute -artists, the Gambaras, who were obliged to sing in the open air. He -asked for the story of their misfortunes, and Marianina told it to him -without bitterness. [Massimilla Doni. Gambara.] -</p> -<p> -VARESE (Princess of), wife of the preceding, born Massimilla Doni, -about 1800, of an ancient and wealthy Florentine family of the -nobility; married, at first, the Duke Cataneo, a repulsive man who -lived in Venice at the time of Louis XVIII. She was an enthusiastic -attendant of the Fenice theatre during the winter when "Moses" and the -"Semiramide" were given by a company, in which were found Clarina -Tinti, Genovese and Carthagenova. Massimilla conceived a violent but -at first a platonic love for Emilio Memmi, Prince of Varese, married -him after Cataneo's death, following him to Paris, during the time of -Louis Philippe, where she met with him the Gambaras and helped them in -their poverty. [Massimilla Doni. Gambara.] -</p> -<p> -VARLET, an Arcis physician, early in the nineteenth century, at the -time of the political and local quarrels of the Gondrevilles, -Cinq-Cygnes, Simeuses, Michus, and Hauteserres; had a daughter who -afterwards became Madame Grevin. [The Gondreville Mystery. The Member -for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -VARLET, son of the preceding, brother-in-law of Grevin; like his -father, later a physician. [The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -VASSAL, in 1822 at Paris, third clerk of Maitre Desroches, an -advocate, by whom were employed also Marest, Husson and Godeschal. [A -Start in Life.] -</p> -<p> -VATEL, formerly an army child, then corporal of the Voltigeurs, -became, during the Restoration, one of the three guards of -Montcornet's estate in Aigues, Bourgogne, under head-keeper Michaud; -he detected Mere Tonsard in her trespassing. He was a valuable -servant; gay as a lark, rather loose in his conduct with women, -without any religious principles, and brave unto rashness. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -VATINELLE (Madame), a pretty and rather loose woman of Mantes, courted -at the same time by Maitre Fraisier and the king's attorney, Olivier -Vinet; she was "kind" to the former, thereby causing his ruin; the -attorney soon found a means of compelling Fraisier, who was -representing both sides in a lawsuit, to sell his practice and leave -town. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -VAUCHELLES (De), maintained relations of close friendship, about 1835, -at Besancon, with Amedee de Soulas, his fellow-countryman, and -Chavoncourt, the younger, a former collegemate. Vauchelles was of -equally high birth with Soulas, and was also equally poor. He sought -the hand of Mademoiselle Victoire, Chavoncourt's eldest sister, on -whom a godmother aunt had agreed to settle an estate yielding an -income of seven thousand francs, and a hundred thousand francs in -cash, in the marriage contract. To Rosalie de Watteville's -satisfaction, he opposed Albert Savarus, the rival of the elder -Chavoncourt, in his candidacy for a seat in the Chamber of Deputies. -[Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -VAUDOYER, a peasant of Ronquerolles, Bourgogne, appointed -forest-keeper of Blangy, but discharged about 1821, in favor of Groison, -by Montcornet, at that time mayor of the commune; supported G. Rigou -and F. Gaubertin as against the new owner of Aigues. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -VAUDREMONT (Comtesse de), born in 1787; being a wealthy widow of -twenty-two years in 1809, she was considered the most beautiful -Parisian of the day, and was known as the "Queen of Fashion." In the -month of November of the same year, she attended the great ball given -by the Malin de Gondrevilles, who were disappointed at the Emperor's -failure to appear on that occasion. Being the mistress of the Comte de -Soulanges and Martial de la Roche-Hugon, Madame de Vaudremont had -received from the former a ring taken from his wife's jewel-casket; -she made a present of it to Martial, who happening to be wearing it on -the evening of the Gondreville ball, gave it to Madame de Soulanges, -without once suspecting that he was restoring it to its lawful owner. -Madame de Vaudremont's death followed shortly after this incident, -which brought about the reconciliation of the Soulanges couple, urged -by the Duchesse de Lansac; the countess perished in the famous fire -that broke out at the Austrian embassy during the party given on the -occasion of the wedding of the Emperor and the Arch-duchess -Marie-Louise. [Domestic Peace.] The embassy was located on the part -of the rue de la Chaussee-d'Antin (at that time rue du Mont-Blanc) -comprised between the rue de la Victoire and the rue Saint-Lazare. -</p> -<p> -VAUMERLAND (Baronne de), a friend of Madame de l'Ambermesnil's, -boarded with one of Madame Vauquer's rivals in the Marais, and -intended, as soon as her term expired, to become a patron of the -establishment on the rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve; at least, so Madame -de l'Ambermesnil declared. [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -VAUQUELIN (Nicolas-Louis), a famous chemist, and a member of the -Institute; born at Saint-Andre d'Hebertot, Calvadts, in 1763, died in -1829; son of a peasant; praised by Fourcroy; in turn, pharmacist in -Paris, mine-inspector, professor at the School of Pharmacy, the School -of Medicine, the Jardin des Plantes, and the College de France. He -gave Cesar Birotteau the formula for a cosmetic for the hands, that -the perfumer called "la double pate des Sultanes," and, being -consulted by him on the subject of "cephalic oil," he denied the -possibility of restoring a suit of hair. Nicolas Vauquelin was invited -to the perfumer's great ball, given on December 17, 1818. In -recognition of the good advice received from the scientist, Cesar -Birotteau offered him a proof, before the time of printing, on China -paper, of Muller's engraving of the Dresden Virgin, which proof had -been found in Germany after two years of searching, and cost fifteen -hundred francs. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -VAUQUER (Madame), a widow, born Conflans about 1767. She claimed to -have lost a brilliant position through a series of misfortunes, which, -by the way, she never detailed specifically. For a long time she kept -a bourgeois boarding-house on the rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve (now rue -Tournefort), near the rue de l'Arbalete. In 1819-1820, Madame Vauquer, -a short, stout, languid woman, but rather well preserved in spite of -being a little faded, had Horace Bianchon as table-boarder, and -furnished with board and lodging the following: on the first floor of -her house, Madame Couture and Mademoiselle Victorine Taillefer; on the -second floor, Poiret, the elder, and Jacques Collin; on the third, -Christine-Michelle Michonneau—afterwards Madame Poiret,—Joachim -Goriot; whom she looked upon as a possible husband for herself, and -Eugene de Rastignac. She was deserted by her various boarders shortly -after the arrest of Jacques Collin. [Father Goriot.] -</p> -<p> -VAUREMONT (Princesse de), one of the most prominent figures of the -eighteenth century; grandmother of Madame Marie Gaston, who adored -her; she died in 1817, the year of Madame de Stael's death, in a -mansion belonging to the Chaulieus and situated near the Boulevard des -Invalides. Madame de Vauremont, at the time of her death, was -occupying a suite of apartments in which she was shortly afterwards -succeeded by Louise de Chaulieu (Madame Marie Gaston). Talleyrand, an -intimate friend of the princess was executor of her will. [Letters of -Two Brides.] -</p> -<p> -VAUTHIER, commonly called Vieux-Chene, former servant of the famous -Longuy; hostler at the Ecu de France, Mortagne, in 1809; was -implicated in the affair of the Chauffeurs, and condemned to twenty -years of penal servitude, but was afterwards pardoned by the Emperor. -During the Restoration he was murdered in the streets of Paris by an -obscure and devoted countryman of the Chevalier du Vissard. [The Seamy -Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -VAUTHIER (Madame), originally, in 1809, kitchen-girl in the household -of the Prince de Wissembourg, on the rue Louis-le-Grand; then cook to -Barbet, the publisher, owner of a lodging-house on the Boulevard -Montparnasse; still later, about 1833, she managed this establishment -for him, serving the same time as door-keeper in the house mentioned. -At that time Madame Vauthier employed Nepomucene and Felicite for the -house-work; as lodgers she had Bourlac, Vanda and Auguste Mergi, and -Godefroid. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -VAUTRIN,[*] the most famous of Jacques Collin's assumed names. -</p> -<pre> -[*] On March 14, 1840, a Parisian theatre, the Porte-Saint-Martin, - presented a play in which the famous convict was a principal - character. Although Frederic Lemaitre took the leading role, the - play was presented only once. In April, 1868, however, the - Ambigu-Comique revived it, with Frederic Lemaitre again in the - leading role. -</pre> -<p> -VAUVINET, born about 1817, a money-lender of Paris, was of the elegant -modern type, altogether different from Chaboisseau-Gobseck; he made -the Boulevard des Italiens the centre of his operations; was a -creditor of the Baron Hulot, first in the sum of seventy thousand -francs; and then in an additional sum of forty thousand, really lent -by Nucingen. [Cousin Betty.] In 1845, Leon de Lora and J.-J. Bixiou -called S.-P. Gazonal's attention to him. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -VAVASSEUR, clerk in the Treasury Department, during the Empire, in -Clergeot's division. He was succeeded by E.-L.-L.-E.-Cochin. [The -Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -VEDIE (La), born in 1756, a homely spinster, her face being pitted -with small-pox; a relative of La Cognette, a distinguished cook; on -the recommendation of Flore Brazier and Maxence Gilet, she was -employed as cook by J.-J. Rouget, after the death of a curate, whom -she had served long, and who died without leaving her anything. She -was to receive a pension of three hundred livres a year, after ten -years of competent, faithful and loyal service. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] -</p> -<p> -VENDRAMINI (Marco), whose name is also pronounced Vendramin;[*] -probably a descendant of the last Doge of Venice; brother of Bianca -Sagredo, born Vendramini; a Venetian patriot; an intimate friend of -Memmi-Cane, Prince of Varese. In the intoxication caused by opium, his -great resource about 1820, Marco Vendramini dreamed that his dear -city, then under Austrian dominion, was free and powerful once more. -He talked with Memmi of the Venice of his dreams, and of the famous -Procurator Florain, now in the modern Greek, now in their native -tongue; sometimes as they walked together, sometimes before La Vulpato -and the Cataneos, during a presentation of "Semiramide," "Il -Barbiere," or "Moses," as interpreted by La Tinti and Genovese. -Vendramini died from excessive use of opium, at quite an early age, -during the reign of Louis XVIII., and was greatly mourned by his -friends. [Facino Cane. Massimilla Doni.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] The palace in Venice formerly owned by the Duchesse de Berri and - the Comte de Chambord, in which Wagner, the musician, died, is - even now called the Vendramin Palace. It is on the Grand-Canal, - quite near the Justiniani Palace (now the Hotel de-l'Europe.) -</pre> -<p> -VERGNIAUD (Louis), who made the Egyptian campaign with Hyacinthe -Chabert and Luigi Porta, was quartermaster of hussars when he left the -service. During the Restoration he was, in turn, cow-keeper on the rue -du Petit-Banquier, keeper of a livery-stable, and cabman. As -cow-keeper, Vergniaud, having a wife and three sons, being in debt to -Grados, and giving too generously to Chabert, ended in insolvency; -even then he aided Luigi Porta, again in trouble, and was his witness -when that Corsican married Mademoiselle di Piombo. Louis Vergniaud, -being a party to the conspiracies against Louis XVIII., was imprisoned -for his share in these crimes. [Colonel Chabert. The Vendetta.] -</p> -<p> -VERMANTON, a cynic philosopher, and a habitue of Madame Schontz's -salon, between 1835 and 1840, when she was keeping house with Arthur -de Rochefide. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -VERMICHEL, common nick-name of Vert (Michel-Jean-Jerome.) -</p> -<p> -VERMUT, a druggist of Soulanges, in Bourgogne, during the Restoration; -brother-in-law of Sarcus, the Soulanges justice of the peace, who had -married his eldest sister. Though quite a distinguished chemist, -Vermut was the object of the pleasantries and contemptuous remarks of -the Soudry salon, especially at the hands of the Gourdons. Despite the -slight esteem "of the first society of Soulanges," Vermut gave -evidence of ability, when he disturbed Madame Pigeron by finding -traces of poison in the body of her dead husband. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -VERMUT (Madame), wife of the preceding; life and soul of the salon of -Madame Soudry, who, however, declared that she was "bad form," and -reproached her for flirting with Gourdon, author of "La Bilboqueide." -[The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -VERNAL (Abbe), one of the four Vendean leaders, in 1799, when -Montauran was opposing Hulot, the other three being Chatillon, -Suzannet, and the Comte de Fontaine. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -VERNET (Joseph), born in 1714, died in 1789, a famous French artist; -patronized the Cat and Racket, a drapery establishment on the rue -Saint-Denis, of which M. Guillaume, father-in-law of Sommervieux, was -proprietor. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] -</p> -<p> -VERNEUIL (Marquis de), member of a historic family, and probably an -ancestor of the Verneuils of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. -In 1591, he was on intimate terms, with the Norman Comte d'Herouville, -ancestor of the keeper of Josepha Mirah, star of the Royal Academy of -Music, about 1838. The relations between the two families continued -unbroken through the centuries. [The Hated Son.] -</p> -<p> -VERNEUIL (Victor-Amedee, Duc de), probably descended from the -preceding, died before the Revolution; by Mademoiselle Blanche de -Casteran, he had a daughter, Marie-Nathalie—afterwards Madame -Alphonse de Montauran. He acknowledged his natural daughter at the -close of his life, and almost disinherited his legitimate son in her -favor. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -VERNEUIL (Mademoiselle de), probably a relative of the preceding; -sister of the Prince de Loudon, the Vendean cavalry general; she went -to Mans to save her brother, and died on the scaffold in 1793, after -the Savenay affair. [The Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -VERNEUIL (Duc de), son of the Duc Victor-Amedee de Verneuil, and -brother of Madame Alphonse de Montauran, with whom he had a lawsuit -over the inheritance left by their father; during the Restoration he -lived in the town of Alencon and was on intimate terms with the -D'Esgrignons of that place. He took Victurnien d'Esgrignon under his -protection, and introduced him to Louis XVIII. [The Chouans. -Jealousies of a Country Town.] -</p> -<p> -VERNEUIL (Duc de), of the family of the preceding, was present at the -entertainment given by Josepha Mirah, the mistress of the Duc -d'Herouville, when she opened her sumptuous suite of apartments on the -rue de la Ville-l'Eveque, Paris, in Louis Philippe's reign. [Cousin -Betty.] -</p> -<p> -VERNEUIL (Duc de), a good-natured great nobleman, son-in-law of a -wealthy first president of a royal court, who died in 1800; he was the -father of four children, among them being Mademoiselle Laure and the -Prince Gaspard de Loudon; owned the historic chateau of Rosembray, in -the vicinity of Havre, and close by the forest of Brotonne; there he -received, one day in October, 1829, the Mignon de la Basties, -accompanied by the Herouvilles, Canalis, and Ernest de la Briere, all -of whom were at that time desirous to marry Modeste Mignon, soon to -become Madame de la Briere de la Bastie. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -VERNEUIL (Duchesse Hortense de), wife of the preceding, a haughty and -pious personage, daughter of a wealthy first president of a royal -court, who died in 1800. Of her four children, only two lived—her -daughter Laure and the Prince Gaspard de Loudon; she was on very -intimate terms with the Herouvilles, and especially with the elderly -Mademoiselle d'Herouville, and received a visit from them, one day in -October, 1829, with the Mignon de la Basties, followed by Melchior de -Canalis and Ernest de la Briere. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -VERNEUIL (Laure de), daughter of the preceding couple. At the -entertainment at Rosembray in October, 1829, Eleonore de Chaulieu gave -her advice on the subject of tapestry and embroidery. [Modeste -Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -VERNEUIL (Duchesse de), sister of the Prince de Blamont-Chauvry; an -intimate friend of the Duchesse de Bourbon, sorely tried by the -disasters of the Revolution; aunt and, in a way, mother by adoption of -Blanche-Henriette de Mortsauf (born Lenoncourt). She belonged to a -society of which Saint-Martin was the soul. The Duchesse de Verneuil, -who owned the Clochegourde estate in Touraine, gave it, in her -lifetime, to Madame de Mortsauf, reserving for herself only one room -of the mansion. Madame de Verneuil died in the early part of the -nineteenth century. [The Lily of the Valley.] -</p> -<p> -VERNEUIL (Marie-Nathalie de).[*] (See Montauran, Marquise Alphonse -de.) -</p> -<pre> -[*] On June 23, 1837, under the title of <i>Le Gars</i>, the Ambigu-Comique - presented a drama of Antony Beraud's in five acts and six - tableaux, which was a modified reproduction of the adventures of - Marie-Nathalie de Montauran. -</pre> -<p> -VERNIER (Baron), intendant-general, under obligations to Hector Hulot -d'Ervy, whom he met, in 1843, at the Ambigu theatre, as escort of a -gloriously handsome woman. He afterwards received a visit from the -Baronne Adeline Hulot, coming for information. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -VERNIER, formerly a dyer, who lived on his income at Vouvray -(Touraine), about 1821; a cunning countryman, father of a marriageable -daughter named Claire; was challenged by Felix Gaudissart in 1831, for -having played a practical joke on that illustrious traveling merchant, -and fought a bloodless pistol duel. [Gaudissart the Great.] -</p> -<p> -VERNIER (Madame), wife of the preceding, a stout little woman, of -robust health; a friend of Madame Margaritis; she gladly contributed -her share to the mystification of Gaudissart as conceived by her -husband. [Gaudissart the Great.] -</p> -<p> -VERNISSET (Victore de), a poet of the "Angelic School," at the head of -which stood Canalis, the academician; a contemporary of Beranger, -Delavigne, Lamartine, Lousteau, Nathan, Vigny, Hugo, Barbier, Marie -Gaston and Gautier, he moved in various Parisian circles; he was seen -at the Brothers of Consolation on the rue Chanoinesse, and he received -pecuniary assistance from the Baronne de la Chanterie, president of -the above-mentioned association; he was to be found, with Heloise -Brisetout, on the rue Chauchat, at the time of her house-warming in -the apartments in which she succeeded Josepha Mirah; there he met -J.-J. Bixiou, Leon de Lora, Etienne Lousteau and Stidmann; he fell -madly in love with Madame Schontz. He was invited to the marriage of -Celestin Crevel and Valerie Marneffe. [The Seamy Side of History. -Beatrix. Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -VERNON (Marechal) father of the Duc de Vissembourg and the Prince -Chiavari. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -VERNOU (Felicien), a Parisian journalist. He used his influence in -starting Marie Godeschal, usually called Mariette, at the Porte -Saint-Martin. The husband of an ugly, vulgar, and crabbed woman, he had -by her children that were by no means welcome. He lived in wretched -lodgings on the rue Mandar, when Lucien de Rubempre was presented to -him. Vernou was a caustic critic on the side of the oppositon. The -uncongeniality of his domestic life embittered his character and his -genius. He was a finished specimen of the envious man, and pursued -Lucien de Rubempre with an alert and malicious jealousy. [A Bachelor's -Establishment. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. -Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] In 1834, Blondet recommended him to -Nathan as a "Handy Andy" for a newspaper. [A Daughter of Eve.] -Celestin Crevel invited him to his marriage with Valerie Marneffe. -[Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -VERNOU (Madame Felicien), wife of the preceding, whose vulgarity was -one of the causes of her husband's bitterness, revealed herself in her -true light to Lucien de Rubempre, when she mentioned a certain Madame -Mahoudeau as one of her friends. [A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] -</p> -<p> -VERT (Michel-Jean-Jerome), nick-named Vermichel, formerly violinist in -the Bourgogne regiment, was occupied, during the Restoration, with the -various callings of fiddler, door-keeper of the Hotel de Ville, -drum-beater of Soulanges, jailer of the local prison, and finally -bailiff's deputy in the service of Brunet. He was intimate friend of -Fourchon, with whom he was in the habit of getting on sprees, and whose -hatred for the Montcornets, owners of Aigues, he shared. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -VERT (Madame Michel), wife of the preceding, commonly called -Vermichel, as was the case with her husband; a mustached virago, a -metre in width, and of two hundred and forty pounds weight, but active -in spite of this; she ruled her husband absolutely. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -VERVELLE (Antenor), an eccentric bourgeois of Paris, made his fortune -in the cork business. Retiring from the trade, Vervelle became, in his -own way, an amateur artist; wished to form a gallery of paintings, and -believed that he was collecting Flemish specimens, works of Tenier, -Metzu, and Rembrandt; employed Elie Magus to form the collection, and, -with that Jew as go-between, married his daughter Virginie to Pierre -Grassou. Vervelle, at that time, was living in a house of his own on -the rue Boucherat, a part of the rue Saint-Louis (now rue de Turenne), -near the rue Charlot. He also owned a cottage at Ville-d'Avray, in -which the famous Flemish collection was stored—pictures really -painted by Pierre Grassou. [Pierre Grassou.] -</p> -<p> -VERVELLE (Madame Antenor), wife of the preceding, gladly accepted -Pierre Grassou for a son-in-law, as soon as she found out that Maitre -Cardot was his notary. Madame Vervelle, however, was horrified at the -idea of Joseph Bridau's bursting in Pierre's studio, and "touching up" -the portrait of Mademoiselle Virginie, afterwards Madame Grassou. -[Pierre Grassou.] -</p> -<p> -VERVELLE (Virginie). (See Grassou, Madame Pierre.) -</p> -<p> -VEZE (Abbe de), a priest of Mortagne, during the Empire, administered -the last sacrament to Madame Bryond des Tours-Minieres just before her -execution in 1810; he was afterwards one of the Brothers of -Consolation, installed in the home of the Baronne de la Chanterie on -the rue Chanoinesse, Paris. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -VIALLET, an excellent gendarme, appointed brigadier at Soulanges, -Bourgogne; replaced Soudry, retired. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -VICTOIRE, in 1819, a servant of Charles Claparon, a banker on the rue -de Provence, Paris; "a real Leonarde bedizened like a fish-huckster." -[Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -VICTOR, otherwise known as the Parisian, a mysterious personage who -lived in marital relations with the Marquis d'Aiglemont's eldest -daughter, and made her the mother of several children. Victor, while -dodging the pursuit of the police, who were on his track for the -murder of Mauny, had found refuge for two hours in Versailles, on -Christmas night of one of the last years of the Restoration, in a -house near the Barriere de Montreuil (57, Avenue de Paris), with the -parents of Helene d'Aiglemont, the last named of whom fled with him. -During Louis Philippe's reign, Victor was captain of the "Othello," a -Colombian pirate, and lived very happily with his family—Mademoiselle -d'Aiglemont and the children he had by her. He met with General -d'Aiglemont, his mistress's father, who was at that time a passenger -on board the "Saint-Ferdinand," and saved his life. Victor perished at -sea in a shipwreck. [A Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -VICTORINE, a celebrated seamstress of Paris, had among her customers -the Duchesse Cataneo, Louise de Chaulieu, and, probably, Madame de -Bargeton. [Massimilla Doni. Lost Illusions. Letters of Two Brides.] -Her successors assumed and handed down her name; Victorine IV.'s -"intelligent scissors" were praised in the latter part of Louis -Philippe's reign, when Fritot sold Mistress Noswell the Selim shawl. -[Gaudissart II.] -</p> -<p> -VIDAL & PORCHON, book-sellers on commission, Quai des Augustins, -Paris, in 1821. Lucien de Rubempre had an opportunity to judge of -their method of doing business, when his "Archer of Charles IX." and a -volume of poems were brutally refused by them. Vidal & Porchon had in -stock at that time the works of Keratry, Arlincourt, and Victor -Ducange. Vidal was a stout, blunt man, who traveled for the firm. -Porchon, colder and more diplomatic, seemed to have special charge of -negotiations. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -VIEN (Joseph-Marie), a celebrated painter, born at Montpellier in -1716, died at Rome in 1809. In 1758, with Allegrain and Loutherbourg, -he aided his friend Sarrasine in abducting Zambinella, with a view to -taking him to the apartments of the sculptor, who was madly in love -with the eunuch, believing him to be a woman. At a later period, Vien -made for Madame de Lantry a copy of the statue modeled by Sarrasine -after Zambinella, and it was from this picture of Vien's that Girodet, -the signer of "Endymion," received his inspiration. This statue of -Sarrasine's was, long afterwards, reproduced by the sculptor -Dorlange-Sallenauve. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -VIEUX-CHAPEAU, a soldier in the Seventy-second demi-brigade; was -killed in an engagement with the Chouans, in September, 1799. [The -Chouans.] -</p> -<p> -VIGNEAU, of the commune of Isere, of which Benassis was creator, so to -speak; he courageously took charge of an abandoned tile-factory, made -a successful business of it, and lived with his family around him, -which consisted of his mother, his mother-in-law, and his wife, who -had formerly been in the service of the Graviers of Grenoble. [The -Country Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -VIGNEAU (Madame), wife of the preceding, a perfect housekeeper; she -received Genestas cordially, when brought to call by Benassis; Madame -Vigneau was then on the point of becoming a mother. [The Country -Doctor.] -</p> -<p> -VIGNOL (See Bouffe.) -</p> -<p> -VIGNON (Claude), a French critic, born in 1799, brought a remarkable -power of analysis to the study of all questions of art, literature, -philosophy, or political problems. A clear, deep, and unerring judge -of men, a strong psychologist, he was famous in Paris as early as -1821, and was present, at the apartments of Florine, then acting at -the Panorama-Dramatique, at the supper following the presentation of -the "Alcade dans l'Embarras," and had a brilliant conversation on the -subject of the press with Emile Blondet, in the presence of a German -diplomatist. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] In 1834, Claude -Vignon was entrusted with the haute critique of the newspaper founded -by Raoul Nathan. [A Daughter of Eve.] For quite a period Vignon had -Felicite des Touches (Camille Maupin) as his mistress. In 1836, he -brought her back from Italy, accompanied by Lora, when he heard the -story of the domestic difficulties of the Bauvans from Maurice de -l'Hostal, French consul at Genoa. [Honorine.] Again, in 1836, at Les -Touches, Vignon, on the point of giving up Camille Maupin, delivered -to his former mistress a veritable dissertation, of surprising -insight, on the subject of the heart, with reference to Calyste du -Guenic, Gennaro Conti, and Beatrix de Rochefide. Such intimate -knowledge of the human heart had gradually saddened and wearied him; -he sought relief for his ennui in debauchery; he paid attention to La -Schontz, really a courtesan of superior stamp, and moulded her. -[Beatrix.] Afterwards, he became ambitious, and was secretary to -Cottin de Wissembourg, minister of war; this position brought him into -contact with Valerie Marneffe, whom he secretly loved; he, Stidmann, -Steinbock, and Massol, were witnesses of her marriage to Crevel, this -being the second time she had been led to the altar. He was counted -among the habitues of Valerie's salon, when "Jean-Jacques Bixiou was -going . . . to cozen Lisbeth Fischer." [Cousin Betty.] He rallied to -the support of Louis Philippe, and as editor of the Journal des -Debats, and master of requests in the Council of State, he gave his -attention to the lawsuit pending between S.-P. Gazonal and the prefect -of the Pyrenees-Orientales; a position as librarian, a chair at the -Sorbonne, and the decoration bore further testimony to the favor that -he enjoyed. [The Unconscious Humorists.] Vignon's reputation remained -undiminished, and, even in our own time, Madame Noemi Rouvier, -sculptor and novelist, signs the critic's name to her works. -</p> -<p> -VIGOR, manager of the post-station at Ville-aux-Fayes, during the -Restoration; officer in the National Guard of that sub-prefecture of -Bourgogne; brother-in-law of Leclercq, the banker, whose sister he had -married. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -VIGOR, son of the preceding, and, like the rest of his family, -interested in protecting Francois Gaubertin from Montcornet; he was -deputy judge of the court of Ville-aux-Fayes in 1823. [The Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -VILLEMOT, head-clerk of Tabareau, the bailiff, was entrusted, in -April, 1845, with the work of superintending the details of the -interment of Sylvain Pons, and also to look after the interests of -Schmucke, who had been appointed residuary legatee by the deceased. -Villemot was entirely under the influence of Fraisier, business agent -of the Camusot de Marvilles. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -VILLENOIX (Salomon de), son of a wealthy Jew named Salomon, who in his -old age had married a Catholic. Brought up in his mother's religion; -he raised the Villenoix estate to a barony. [Louis Lambert.] -</p> -<p> -VILLENOIX (Pauline Salomon de), born about 1800; natural daughter of -the preceding. During the Restoration, she was made to feel her -origin. Her character and her superiority made her an object of envy -in her provincial circle. Her meeting with Louis Lambert at Blois was -the turning point in her life. Community of age, country, -disappointments, and pride of spirit brought them in touch—a -reciprocated passion was the result. Mademoiselle Salomon de Villenoix -was going to marry Lambert, when the scholar's terrible mental malady -asserted itself. She was frequently able to avert the sick man's -paroxysms; she nursed him, advised him, and guided him, notably at -Croisic, where at her suggestion Lambert related in letter-form the -tragic misfortunes of the Cambremers, which he had just learned. On -her return to Villenoix, Pauline took her fiance with her where she -noted down and understood his last thoughts, sublime in their -incoherence; he died in her arms, and from that time forth she -considered herself the widow of Louis Lambert, whom she had buried in -one of the islands of the lake park at Villenoix. [Louis Lambert. A -Seaside Tragedy.] Two years later, being sensibly aged, and living in -almost total retirement from the world at the town of Tours, but full -of sympathy for weak mortals, Pauline de Villenoix protected the Abbe -Francois Birotteau, the victim of Troubert's hatred. [The Vicar of -Tours.] -</p> -<p> -VILQUIN, the richest ship-owner of Havre, during the Restoration, -purchased the estates of the bankrupt Charles Mignon, with the -exception of a chalet given by Mignon to Dumay; this dwelling, being -in close proximity to the millionaire's superb villa, and being -occupied by the families of Mignon and Dumay, was the despair of -Vilquin, Dumay obstinately refusing to sell it. [Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -VILQUIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, had G.-C. d'Estourny as -lover, previous to his amour with Bettina-Caroline Mignon; by her -husband she had three children, two of whom were girls. The eldest of -these, being richly endowed, was eventually Madame Francisque Althor. -[Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -VIMEUX, in 1824, an unassuming justice of the peace in a department of -the North, rebuked his son Adolphe for the kind of life he was leading -in Paris. [The Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -VIMEUX (Adolphe), son of the preceding, in 1824, was copyist emeritus -in Xavier Rabourdin's bureau in the Finance Department. A great dandy, -he thought only of his dress, and was satisfied with meagre fare at -the Katcomb's restaurant; he became a debtor of Antoine, the messenger -boy; secretly his ambition was to marry a rich old lady. [The -Government Clerks.] -</p> -<p> -VINET had a painful career to start with; a disappointment crossed his -path at the very outset. He had seduced a Mademoiselle de Chargeboeuf, -and he supposed that her parents would acknowledge him as son-in-law, -and endow their daughter richly; so he married her, but her family -disowned her, and he therefore had to rely on himself entirely. As an -attorney at Provins, Vinet made his mark by degrees; as head of the -local opposition, with the aid of Goraud, he succeeded in making use -of Denis Rogron, a wealthy retired merchant, established the "Courrier -de Provins," a Liberalist paper, adroitly defended the Rogrons against -the charge of killing Pierrette Lorrain by slow degrees, was elected -to the Chamber of Deputies about 1830, and became also -attorney-general, and probably minister of justice. [Pierrette. The -Member for Arcis. The Middle Classes. Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -VINET (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Chargeboeuf, and therefore -one of the descendants of the "noble family of La Brie, a name derived -from the exploit of a knight in the expedition of Saint-Louis," was -mother of two children, who suffered for her happiness. Absolutely -controlled by her husband, rejected and sacrificed by her family from -the time of her marriage, Madame Vinet scarcely dared in the Rogrons' -salon to speak in defence of Pierrette Lorrain, their victim. -[Pierrette.] -</p> -<p> -VINET (Olivier), son of the preceding couple, born in 1816. A -magistrate, like his father, began his career as deputy king's -attorney at Arcis, advanced to the position of king's attorney in the -town of Mantes, and, still further, was deputy king's attorney, but -now in Paris. Supported by his father's influence, and being noted for -his independent raillery, Vinet was dreaded everywhere. Among the -people of Arcis, he mixed only with the little coterie of government -officials, composed of Goulard, Michu, and Marest. [The Member for -Arcis.] Being a rival of Maitre Fraisier in the affections of Madame -Vatinelle of Mantes, he resolved to destroy this contestant in the -race, and so thwarted his career. [Cousin Pons.] At the Thuilliers', -on the rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer, Paris, where he displayed his -usual impertinence, Vinet was an aspirant to the hand of Celeste -Colleville, the heiress, who was eventually Madame Felix Phellion. -[The Middle Classes.] -</p> -<p> -VIOLETTE, a husbandman, tenanted in the department of Aube, near -Arcis, the Grouage farm, that was a part of the Gondreville estate, at -the time that Peyrade and Corentin, in accordance with Fouche's -instructions, undertook the singular abduction of Senator Malin de -Gondreville. A miserly and deceitful man, this fellow Violette -secretly aided with Malin de Gondreville and the powers of the day -against Michu, the mysterious agent of the Cinq-Cygne, Hauteserre, and -Simeuse families. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<p> -VIOLETTE (Jean), a descendant of the preceding; hosier of Arcis in -1837; took in hand Pigoult's business, as successor to Phileas -Beauvisage. In the electoral stir of 1839, Jean Violette seemed to be -entirely at the disposal of the Gondreville faction. [The Member for -Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -VIRGINIE, cook in the household of Cesar Birotteau, the perfumer, in -1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] -</p> -<p> -VIRGINIE, during the years 1835-1836, lady's maid, on the rue -Neuve-des-Mathurins (at present rue des Mathurins), Paris, to -Marie-Eugenie du Tillet, who was at that time engrossed in righting -the imprudent conduct of Angelique-Marie de Vandenesse. [A Daughter -of Eve.] -</p> -<p> -VIRGINIE, mistress of a Provencal soldier, who, at a later period, -during Bonaparte's campaign in Egypt, was lost for some time in a -desert, where he lived with a female panther. The jealous mistress was -constantly threatening to stab her lover, and he dubbed her Mignonne, -by antiphrasis; in memory of her he gave the same name to the panther. -[A Passion in the Desert.] -</p> -<p> -VIRGINIE, a Parisian milliner, whose hats were praised, for a -consideration, by Andoche Finot in his newspaper in 1821. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -</p> -<p> -VIRLAZ, a rich furrier of Leipsic, from whom his nephew, Frederic -Brunner, inherited, about the middle of Louis-Philippe's reign. In his -lifetime this Jew, head of the house of Virlaz & Co., had the fortune -of Madame Brunner (first of the name) placed in the coffers of the -Al-Sartchild bank. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -VISSARD (Marquis du), in memory of his younger brother, the Chevalier -Rifoel du Vissard, was created a peer of France by Louis XVIII., who -entered him as a lieutenant in the Maison-Rouge, and made him a -prefect upon the dissolution of the Maison-Rouge. [The Seamy Side of -History.] -</p> -<p> -VISSARD (Charles-Amedee-Louis-Joseph Rifoel, Chevalier du), noble and -headstrong gentleman; played an important part, after 1789, in the -various anti-revolutionary insurrections of western France. In -December, 1799, he was at the Vivetiere, and his impulsiveness was a -contrast with the coolness of Marquis Alphonse de Montauran, also -called Le Gars. [The Chouans.] He took part in the battle of Quiberon, -and, in company with Boislaurier, took a leading part in the uprising -of the Chauffeurs of Mortagne. Several circumstances, indeed, helped -to strengthen his Royalist inclinations. Fergus found in Henriette -Bryond des Tours-Minieres (Contenson, the spy), who secretly betrayed -him. Like his accomplices, Rifoel du Vissard was executed in 1809. At -times during his anti-revolutionary campaigns he assumed the name of -Pierrot. [The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<p> -VISSEMBOURG (Duc de), son of Marechal Vernon; brother of the Prince de -Chiavari; between 1835 and 1840 presided over a horticultural society, -the vice-president of which was Fabien du Ronceret. [Beatrix.] -</p> -<p> -VITAGLIANI, tenor at the Argentina, Rome, when Zambinella took the -soprano parts in 1758. Vitagliani was acquainted with J.-E. Sarrasine. -[Sarrasine.] -</p> -<p> -VITAL, born about 1810, a Parisian hatter, who succeeded Finot Pere, -whose store on rue du Coq was very popular about 1845, and deservedly -so, apparently. He amused J.-J. Bixiou and Leon de Lora by his -ridiculous pretensions. They wished him to supply S.-P. Gazonal with -a hat, and he proposed to sell him a hat like that of Lousteau. On -this occasion Vital showed them the head-covering that he had devised -for Claude Vignon, who was undecided in politics. Vital really -pretended to make each hat according to the personality of the person -ordering it. He praised the Prince de Bethune's hat and dreamed of the -time when high hats would go out of style. [The Unconscious -Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -VITAL (Madame), wife of the preceding, believed in her husband's -genius and greatness. She was in the store when the hatter received a -call from Bixiou, Lora and Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<p> -VITEL, born in 1776, Paris justice of the peace in 1845, an -acquaintance of Doctor Poulain; was succeeded by Maitre Fraisier, a -protege of the Camusot de Marvilles. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -VITELOT, partner of Sonet, the marble-cutter; designed tombstones. He -failed to obtain the contract for monuments to Marsay, the minister, -and to Keller, the officer. It was given to Stidmann. The plans made -by Vitelot having been retouched, were submitted to Wilhelm Schmucke -for the grave of Sylvain Pons, who was buried in Pere-Lachaise. -[Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -VITELOT (Madame), wife of the preceding, severely rebuked an agent of -the firm for bringing in as a customer W. Schmucke, heir-contestant to -the Pons property. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -VIVET (Madeleine), servant to the Camusot de Marvilles; during nearly -twenty-five years was their feminine Maitre-Jacques. She tried in vain -to gain Sylvain Pons for a husband, and thus to become their cousin. -Madeleine Vivet, having failed in her matrimonial attempts, took a -dislike for Pons, and persecuted him in a thousand ways. [Scenes from -a Courtesan's Life. Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -VOLFGANG,[*] cashier of Baron du Saint-Empire, F. de Nucingen, when -this well-known Parisian banker of rue Saint-Lazare fell madly in love -with Esther van Gobseck, and when Jacques Falleix's discomfiture -occurred. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] He lived on rue de L'Arcade, near rue des Mathurins, Paris. -</pre> -<p> -VORDAC (Marquise de), born in 1769, mistress of the rich Lord Dudley; -she had by him a son, Henry. To legitimize this child she arranged a -marriage with Marsay, a bankrupt old gentleman of tarnished -reputation. He demanded payment of the interest on a hundred thousand -francs as a reward for his marriage, and he died without having known -his wife. The widow of Marsay became by her second marriage the -well-known Marquise de Vordac. She neglected her duties as mother -until late in life, and paid no attention to Henri de Marsay except -to propose Miss Stevens as a suitable wife for him. [The Thirteen.] -</p> -<p> -VULPATO (La), noble Venetian, very frequently present in Fenice; about -1820 tried to interest Emilio Memmi, Prince of Varese, and Massimilla -Doni, Duchesse Cataneo, in each other. [Massimilla Doni.] -</p> -<p> -VYDER, anagram formed from d'Ervy, and one of the three names taken -successively by Baron Hector Hulot d'Ervy, after deserting his wife. -He hid under this assumed name, when he became a petition-writer in -Paris, in the lower part of Petite Pologne, opposite rue de la -Pepiniere, on Passage du Soleil, to-day called Galerie de Cherbourg. -[Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0026"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - W -</h2> -<p> -WADMANN, an Englishman who owned, near the Marville estate in -Normandie, a cottage and pasture-lands, which Madame Camusot de -Marville talked of buying in 1845, when he was about to leave for -England after twenty years' sojourn in France. [Cousin Pons.] -</p> -<p> -WAHLENFER or WALHENFER, wealthy German merchant who was murdered at -the "Red Inn," near Andenach, Rhenish Prussia, October, 1799. The deed -was done by Jean-Frederic Taillefer, then a surgeon and -under-assistant-major in the French army, who suffered his comrade, -Prosper Magnan, to be executed for the crime. Wahlenfer was a short, -heavy-set man of rotund appearance, with frank and cordial manners. He -was proprietor of a large pin-manufactory on the outskirts of Neuwied. -He was from Aix-la-Chapelle. Possibly Wahlenfer was an assumed name. -[The Red Inn.] -</p> -<p> -WALLENROD-TUSTALL-BARTENSTILD (Baron de), born in 1742, banker at -Frankfort-on-the-Main; married in 1804, his only daughter, Bettina, to -Charles Mignon de la Bastie, then only a lieutenant in the French -army; died in 1814, following some disastrous speculations in cotton. -[Modeste Mignon.] -</p> -<p> -WATSCHILDINE, a London firm which did business with F. de Nucingen, -the banker. On a dark autumn evening in 1821, the cashier, Rodolphe -Castanier, was surprised by the satanic John Melmoth, while he was in -the act of forging the name of his employer on some letters of credit -drawn on the Watschildine establishment. [Melmoth Reconciled.] -</p> -<p> -WATTEBLED, grocer in Soulanges, Bourgogne, in 1823; father of the -beautiful Madame Plissoud; was in middle class society; kept a store -on the first floor of a house belonging to Soudry, the mayor. [The -Peasantry.] -</p> -<p> -WATTEVILLE (Baron de), Besancon gentleman of Swiss descent; last -descendant of the well known Dom Jean de Watteville, the renegade Abbe -of Baumes (1613-1703); small and very thin, rather deficient mentally; -spent his life in a cabinet-maker's establishment "enjoying utter -ignorance"; collected shells and geological specimens; usually in good -humor. After living in the Comte, "like a bug in a rug," in 1815 he -married Clotilde-Louise de Rupt, who domineered over him completely. -As soon as her parents died, about 1819, he lived with her in the -beautiful Rupt house on rue de la Prefecture, a piece of property -which included a large garden extending along the rue du Perron. By -his wife, the Baron de Watteville had one daughter, whom he loved -devotedly, so much, indeed, that he lost all authority over her. M. de -Watteville died in 1836, as a result of his fall into the lake on his -estate of Rouxey, near Besancon. He was buried on an islet in this -same lake, and his wife, making great show of her sorrow, had erected -thereon a Gothic monument of marble like the one to Heloise and -Abelard in the Pere-Lachaise. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<p> -WATTEVILLE (Baronne de), wife of the preceding, and after his death of -Amedee de Soulas. (See Soulas, Madame A. de.) -</p> -<p> -WATTEVILLE (Rosalie de), only daughter of the preceding couple; born -in 1816; a blonde with colorless cheeks and pale-blue eyes; slender -and frail of body; resembled one of Albert Durer's saints. Reared -under her mother's stern oversight, accustomed to the most rigid -religious observances, kept in ignorance of all worldly matters, she -entirely concealed uner her modesty of manner and retiring disposition -her iron character, and her romantic audacity, so like that of her -great-uncle, the Abbe de Watteville; and which was increased by the -resoluteness and pride of the Rupt blood; although destined to marry -Amedee de Soulas, "la fleur de pois"[*] of Besancon, she became -enamoured of the attorney, Albert Savaron de Savarus. By successfully -carrying out her schemes she separated him from the Duchesse -d'Argaiolo, although these two were mutually in love—a separation -which caused Savarus great despair. He never knew of Rosalie's -affection for him, and withdrew to the Grande Chartreuse. Mademoiselle -de Watteville then lived for some time in Paris with her mother, who -was then the wife of Amedee de Soulas. She tried to see the Duchesse -d'Argaiolo, who, believing Savarus faithless, had given her hand to -the Duc de Rhetore. In February, 1838, on meeting her at a charity -ball given for the benefit of the former civil pensioners, Rosalie -made an appointment with her for the Opera ball, when she told her -former rival the secret of her manoeuvres against Madame de Rhetore, -and of her conduct as regards the attorney. Mademoiselle de Watteville -retired finally to Rouxey—a place which she left, only to take a trip -in 1841 on an unknown mission, from which she came back seriously -crippled, having lost an arm and a leg in a boiler explosion on a -steamboat. Henceforth she devoted her life to the exercises of -religion, and left her retreat no more. [Albert Savarus.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] Title of one of the first editions of "A Marriage Settlement." -</pre> -<p> -WERBRUST, associated with Palma, Parisian discounter on rue Saint-Denis -and rue Saint-Martin, during the Restoration; knew the story of the -glory and decay of Cesar Birotteau, the perfumer, who was mayor of the -second district; was the friend of the banker, Jean-Baptiste -d'Aldrigger, at whose burial he was present; carried on business with -the Baron de Nucingen, making a shrewd speculation when the latter -settled for the third time with his creditors in 1836. [Cesar Birotteau. -The Firm of Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -WERCHAUFFEN (Baron de), one of Schirmer's aliases. (See Schirmer.) -</p> -<p> -WIERZCHOWNIA (Adam de), Polish gentleman, who, after the last division -of Poland, found refuge in Sweden, where he sought consolation in the -study of chemistry, a study for which he had always felt a strong -liking. Poverty compelled him to give up his study, and he joined the -French army. In 1809, while on the way to Douai, he was quartered for -one night with M. Balthazar Claes. During a conversation with his -host, he explained to him his ideas on the subject of "identity of -matter" and the absolute, thus bringing misfortune on a whole family, -for from that moment Balthazar Claes devoted time and money to this -quest of the absolute. Adam de Wierzchownia, while dying at Dresden, -in 1812, of a wound received during the last wars, wrote a final -letter to Balthazar Claes, informing him of the different thoughts -relative to the search in question, which had been in his mind since -their first meeting. By this writing, he increased the misfortunes of -the Claes family. Adam de Wierzchownia had an angular wasted -countenance, large head which was bald, eyes like tongues of fire, a -large mustache. His calmness of manner frightened Madame Balthazar -Claes.[*] [The Quest of the Absolute.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] Under the title of <i>Gold, or the Dream of a Savant</i>, there is a - play by Bayard and Bieville, which presents the misfortunes of the - Claes. This was given at the Gymnase, November 11, 1837, by M. - Bouffe and Madame E. Sauvage, both of whom are still alive. -</pre> -<p> -WILLEMSENS (Marie-Augusta). (See Brandon,[*] Comtesse de.) -</p> -<p> -[*] Lady Brandon was the mother of Louis Gaston and Marie Gaston. -</p> -<p> -WIMPHEN (De), married a friend of Madame d'Aiglemont's childhood. [A -Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -WIMPHEN (Madame Louisa de), childhood friend of Madame Julie -d'Aiglemont in school at Ecouen. In 1814, Madame d'Aiglemont wrote to -the companion, who was then on the point of marrying, of her own -disillusionment, and confidentially advised her to remain single. This -letter, however, was not sent, for the Comtesse de Listomere-Landon, -aunt of Julie d'Aiglemont by marriage, having found out about it, -discouraged such an impropriety on the part of her niece. Unlike her -friend, Madame de Wimphen married happily. She retained the confidence -of Madame d'Aiglemont, and was present, indeed, at the important -interview between Julie and Lord Grenville. After M. de Wimphen's -arrival to accompany his wife home, these two lovers were left alone, -until the unexpected arrival of M. d'Aiglemont made it necessary for -Lord Grenville to conceal himself. The Englishman died shortly after -this as a result of the night's exposure, when he was obliged to stay -in the cold on the outside of a window-sill. This happened also -immediately after his fingers were bruised by a rapidly closed door. -[A Woman of Thirty.] -</p> -<p> -WIRTH, valet of the banker, J.-B. d'Aldrigger; remained in the service -of Mesdames d'Aldrigger, mother and daughters, after the death of the -head of the family. He showed them the same devotion, of which he had -often given proof. Wirth was a kind of Alsatian Caleb or Gaspard, aged -and serious, but with much of the cunning mingled with his simple -nature. Seeing in Godefroid de Beaudenord a good husband for Isaure -d'Aldrigger, he was able to entrap him easily, and thus was partly -responsible for their marriage. [The Firm of Nucingen.] -</p> -<p> -WISCH (Johann). Fictitious name given in a newspaper for Johann -Fischer, when he had been accused of peculation. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -WISSEMBOURG (Prince de), one of the titles of Marechal Cottin, the Duc -d'Orfano. [Cousin Betty.] -</p> -<p> -WITSCHNAU. (See Gaudin.) -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0027"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - X -</h2> -<p> -XIMEUSE, fief situated in Lorraine; original spelling of the name -Simeuse, which came to to be written with an S on account of its -pronunciation. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0028"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - Y -</h2> -<p> -YSEMBOURG (Prince d'), marshal of France, the Conde of the Republic. -Madame Nourrisson, his confidential servant, looked upon him as a -"simpleton," because he gave two thousand francs to one of the most -renowned countesses of the Imperial Court, who came to him one day, -with streaming eyes, begging him to give her the assistance upon which -her children's life depended. She soon spent the money for a robe, -which she needed to wear so as to be dressed stylishly at an embassy -ball. This story was told by Madame Nourrisson, in 1845, to Leon de -Lora, Bixiou, and Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] -</p> -<a name="2H_4_0029"><!-- H2 anchor --></a> - -<div style="height: 4em;"><br><br><br><br></div> - -<h2> - Z -</h2> -<p> -ZAMBINELLA, a eunuch, who sang at the Theatre Argentina, Rome, the -leading soprano parts; he was very beautiful. Sarassine, a French -sculptor, believing him to be a woman, became enamored of him, and -used him as a model for an excellent statue of Adonis, which may still -be seen at the Musee d'Albani, and which Dorlange-Sallenauve copied -nearly a century later. When he was over eighty years old and very -wealthy, Zambinella lived, under the Restoration, with his niece, who -was wife of the mysterious Lanty. While residing with the Lantys -Zambinella died in Rome, 1830. The early life of Zambinella was -unknown to the Parisian world. A mesmerist believed the old man, who -was a sort of traveling mummy, to be the famous Balsamo, also known as -Cagliostro, while the Bailli de Ferette took him to be the Comte de -Saint-Germain. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] -</p> -<p> -ZARNOWICKI (Roman[*]), Polish general who, as a refugee in Paris, -lived on the ground floor of the little two-story house on rue de -Marbeuf, of which Doctor Halpersohn occupied the other floor in 1836. -[The Seamy Side of History.] -</p> -<pre> -[*] Probably a given name. -</pre> -<center> -NOTE. -</center> -<p> -The <i>Repertory of the Comedie Humaine</i>, as the reader can see for -himself, should include only those episodes introducing characters -inter-related and continually recurring. Consequently, the stories -entitled <i>The Exiles</i>, <i>About Catherine de Medici</i>, <i>Maitre -Cornelius</i>, <i>The Unknown Masterpiece</i>, <i>The Elixir of Life</i>, <i>Christ -in Flanders</i>, which antedate the eighteenth century, and <i>Seraphita</i>, -which deals with the supernatural, are omitted, together with the -<i>Analytical Studies</i>. But <i>The Hated Son</i> furnishes some indispensable -information concerning a few biographies. The <i>Dramas</i> are outside the -action of the <i>Comedie</i>, so contribute no names. -</p> -<p> -According to Theophile Gautier, <i>The Comedie Humaine</i> embraces two -thousand characters. His reckoning is nearly exact; but as a result of -cross-references, surnames, assumed names and the like, that number is -far exceeded in this work, which, nevertheless, omits many characters -outside the action, as: Chevet, Decamps, Delacroix, Finot Sr., the -child of Calyste and Sabine du Guenic, Noemi Magus, Meyerbeer, -Herbaut, Houbigant, Tanrade, Mousqueton, Arnal, Barrot, Bonald, -Berryer, Gautier, Gozlan, Hugo, Hyacinthe, Lafont, Lamartine, -Lassailly, F. Lemaitre, Charles X., Louis Philippe, Odry, Talma, -Thiers, Villele, Rossini, Rousseau, Mlle. Dejazet, Mlle. Georges, etc. -</p> - -<br /> -<br /> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Repertory Of The Comedie Humaine, -Complete, A -- Z, by Anatole Cerfberr and Jules François Christophe - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPERTORY THE COMEDIE HUMAINE, A-Z *** - -***** This file should be named 17635-h.htm or 17635-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/1/7/6/3/17635/ - -Produced by Dagny - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Repertory Of The Comedie Humaine, Complete, A -- Z - -Author: Anatole Cerfberr and Jules François Christophe - -Translator: Joseph Walker McSpadden - -Release Date: January 29, 2006 [EBook #17635] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ASCII - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPERTORY THE COMEDIE HUMAINE, A-Z *** - - - - -Produced by Dagny - - - - - - REPERTORY OF THE COMEDIE HUMAINE - - - - TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE - -"Work crowned by the French Academy" is a significant line borne by -the title-page of the original edition of Messieurs Cerfberr and -Christophe's monumental work. The motto indicates the high esteem in -which the French authorities hold this very necessary adjunct to the -great Balzacian structure. And even without this word of approval, the -intelligent reader needs but a glance within the pages of the -_Repertory of the Comedie Humaine_ to convince him at once of its -utility. - -In brief, the purpose of the _Repertory_ is to give in alphabetical -sequence the names of all the characters forming this Balzacian -society, together with the salient points in their lives. It is, of -course, well known that Balzac made his characters appear again and -again, thus creating out of his distinct novels a miniature world. To -cite a case in point, Rastignac, who comes as near being the hero of -the _Comedie_ as any other single character, makes his first -appearance in _Father Goriot_, as a student of law; then appearing and -disappearing fitfully in a score of principal novels, he is finally -made a minister and peer of France. Without the aid of the _Repertory_ -it would be difficult for any save a reader of the entire _Comedie_ to -trace out his career. But here it is arranged in temporal sequence, -thus giving us a concrete view of the man and his relation to this -society. - -In reading any separate story, when reference is made in passing to a -character, the reader will find it helpful and interesting to turn to -the _Repertory_ and find what manner of man it is that is under -advisement. A little systematic reading of this nature will speedily -render the reader a "confirmed Balzacian." - -A slight confusion may arise in the use of the _Repertory_ on account -of the subdivision of titles. This is the fault neither of Messieurs -Cerfberr and Christophe nor of the translator, but of Balzac himself, -who was continually changing titles, dividing and subdividing stories, -and revamping and working other changes in his books. _Cousin Betty_ -and _Cousin Pons_ were placed together by him under the general title -of _Poor Relations_. Being separate stories, we have retained the -separate titles. Similarly, the three divisions of _Lost Illusions_ -were never published together until 1843--in the first complete -edition of the _Comedie_; before assuming final shape its parts had -received several different titles. In the present text the editor has -deemed it best to retain two of the parts under _Lost Illusions_, -while the third, which presents a separate Rubempre episode, is given -as _A Distinguished Provincial at Paris_. The three parts of _The -Thirteen_--_Ferragus_, _The Duchess of Langeais_, and _The Girl with -the Golden Eyes_--are given under the general title. The fourth part -of _Scenes from a Courtesan's Life_, _Vautrin's Last Avatar_, which -until the Edition Definitive had been published separately, is here -merged into its final place. But the three parts of _The Celibates_ ---_Pierrette_, _The Vicar of Tours_ and _A Bachelor's Establishment_, -being detached, are given separately. Other minor instances occur, but -should be readily cleared up by reference to the Indices, also to the -General Introduction given elsewhere. - -In the preparation of this English text, great care has been exercised -to gain accuracy--a quality not found in other versions now extant. In -one or two instances, errors have been discovered in the original -French, notably in dates--probably typographical errors--which have -been corrected by means of foot-notes. A few unimportant elisions have -been made for the sake of brevity and coherence. Many difficulties -confront the translator in the preparation of material of this nature, -involving names, dates and titles. Opportunities are constantly -afforded for error, and the work must necessarily be painstaking in -order to be successful. We desire here to express appreciation for the -valuable assistance of Mr. Norman Hinsdale Pitman. - -To Balzac, more than to any other author, a Repertory of characters -is applicable; for he it was who not only created an entire human -society, but placed therein a multitude of personages so real, so -distinct with vitality, that biographies of them seem no more than -simple justice. We can do no more, then, than follow the advice of -Balzac--to quote again from the original title-page--and "give a -parallel to the civil register." - - J. WALKER McSPADDEN - - - - INTRODUCTION - -Are you a confirmed _Balzacian_?--to employ a former expression of -Gautier in _Jeune France_ on the morrow following the appearance of -that mystic Rabelaisian epic, _The Magic Skin_. Have you experienced, -while reading at school or clandestinely some stray volume of the -_Comedie Humaine_, a sort of exaltation such as no other book had -aroused hitherto, and few have caused since? Have you dreamed at an -age when one plucks in advance all the fruit from the tree of life ---yet in blossom--I repeat, have you dreamed of being a Daniel d'Arthez, -and of covering yourself with glory by the force of your achievements, -in order to be requited, some day, for all the sufferings of your -poverty-stricken youth, by the sublime Diane, Duchesse de -Maufrigneuse, Princesse de Cadignan? - -Or, perchance, being more ambitious and less literary, you have -desired to see--like a second Rastignac, the doors of high society -opened to your eager gaze by means of the golden key suspended from -Delphine de Nucingen's bracelet? - -Romancist, have you sighed for the angelic tenderness of a Henriette -de Mortsauf, and realized in your dreams the innocent emotions excited -by culling nosegays, by listening to tales of grief, by furtive -hand-clasps on the banks of a narrow river, blue and placid, in a -valley where your friendship flourishes like a fair, delicate lily, -the ideal, the chaste flower? - -Misanthrope, have you caressed the chimera, to ward off the dark hours -of advancing age, of a friendship equal to that with which the good -Schmucke enveloped even the whims of his poor Pons? Have you -appreciated the sovereign power of secret societies, and deliberated -with yourself as to which of your acquaintances would be most worthy -to enter The Thirteen? In your mind's eye has the map of France ever -appeared to be divided into as many provinces as the _Comedie Humaine_ -has stories? Has Tours stood for Birotteau, La Gamard, for the -formidable Abbe Troubert; Douai, Claes; Limoges, Madame Graslin; -Besancon, Savarus and his misguided love; Angouleme, Rubempre; -Sancerre, Madame de la Baudraye; Alencon, that touching, artless old -maid to whom her uncle, the Abbe de Sponde, remarked with gentle -irony: "You have too much wit. You don't need so much to be happy"? - -Oh, sorcery of the most wonderful magician of letters the world has -seen since Shakespeare! If you have come under the spell of his -enchantments, be it only for an hour, here is a book that will delight -you, a book that would have pleased Balzac himself--Balzac, who was -more the victim of his work than his most fanatical readers, and whose -dream was to compete with the civil records. This volume of nearly six -hundred pages is really the civil record of all the characters in the -_Comedie Humaine_, by which you may locate, detail by detail, the -smallest adventures of the heroes who pass and repass through the -various novels, and by which you can recall at a moment's notice the -emotions once awakened by the perusal of such and such a masterpiece. -More modestly, it is a kind of table of contents, of a unique type; a -table of living contents! - -Many Balzacians have dreamed of compiling such a civil record. I -myself have known of five or six who attempted this singular task. To -cite only two names out of the many, the idea of this unusual Vapereau -ran through the head of that keen and delicate critic, M. Henri -Meilhac, and of that detective in continued stories, Emile Gaboriau. I -believe that I also have among the papers of my eighteenth year some -sheets covered with notes taken with the same intention. But the labor -was too exhaustive. It demanded an infinite patience, combined with an -inextinguishable ardor and enthusiasm. The two faithful disciples of -the master who have conjoined their efforts to uprear this monument, -could not perhaps have overcome the difficulties of the undertaking if -they had not supported each other, bringing to the common work, M. -Christophe his painstaking method, M. Cerfberr his accurate memory, -his passionate faith in the genius of the great Honore, a faith that -carried unshakingly whole mountains of documents. - -A pleasing chapter of literary gossip might be written about this -collaboration; a melancholy chapter, since it brings with it the -memory of a charming man, who first brought Messieurs Cerfberr and -Christophe together, and who has since died under mournful -circumstances. His name was Albert Allenet, and he was chief editor of -a courageous little review, _La Jeune France_, which he maintained for -some years with a perseverance worthy of the Man of Business in the -_Comedie Humaine_. I can see him yet, a feverish fellow, wan and -haggard, but with his face always lit up by enthusiasm, stopping me in -a theatre lobby to tell me about a plan of M. Cerfberr's; and almost -immediately we discovered that the same plan had been conceived by M. -Christophe. The latter had already prepared a cabinet of pigeon-holes, -arranged and classified by the names of Balzacian characters. When two -men encounter in the same enterprise as compilers, they will either -hate each other or unite their efforts. Thanks to the excellent -Allenet, the two confirmed Balzacians took to each other wonderfully. - -Poor Allenet! It was not long afterwards that we accompanied his body -to the grave, one gloomy afternoon towards the end of autumn--all of -us who had known and loved him. He is dead also, that other Balzacian -who was so much interested in this work, and for whom the _Comedie -Humaine_ was an absorbing thought, Honore Granoux. He was a merchant -of Marseilles, with a wan aspect and already an invalid when I met -him. But he became animated when speaking of Balzac; and with what a -mysterious, conspiratorlike veneration did he pronounce these words: -"The Vicomte"--meaning, of course, to the thirty-third degree -Balzacolatrites, that incomparable bibliophile to whom we owe the -history of the novelist's works, M. de Spoelberch de Lovenjoul!--"The -Vicomte will approve--or disapprove." That was the unvarying formula -for Granoux, who had devoted himself to the enormous task of -collecting all the articles, small or great, published about Balzac -since his entry as a writer. And just see what a fascination this -_devil of a man_--as Theophile Gautier once called him--exercises over -his followers; I am fully convinced that these little details of -Balzacian mania will cause the reader to smile. As for me, I have -found them, and still find them, as natural as Balzac's own remark to -Jules Sandeau, who was telling him about a sick sister: "Let us go -back to reality. Who is going to marry Eugenie Grandet?" - -Fascination! That is the only word that quite characterizes the sort -of influence wielded by Balzac over those who really enjoy him; and it -is not to-day that the phenomenon began. Vallies pointed it out long -ago in an eloquent page of the _Refractaires_ concerning "book -victims." Saint Beuve, who can scarcely be suspected of fondness -towards the editor-in-chief of the _Revue Parisienne_, tells a story -stranger and more significant than every other. At one time an entire -social set in Venice, and the most aristocratic, decided to give out -among its members different characters drawn from the _Comedie -Humaine_; and some of these roles, the critic adds, mysteriously, were -artistically carried out to the very end;--a dangerous experiment, for -we are well aware that the heroes and heroines of Balzac often skirt -the most treacherous abysses of the social Hell. - -All this happened about 1840. The present year is 1887, and there -seems no prospect of the sorcery weakening. The work to which these -notes serve as an introduction may be taken as proof. Indeed, somebody -has said that the men of Balzac have appeared as much in literature as -in life, especially since the death of the novelist. Balzac seems to -have observed the society of his day less than he contributed to form -a new one. Such and such personages are truer to life in 1860 than in -1835. When one considers a phenomenon of such range and intensity, it -does not suffice to employ words like infatuation, fashion, mania. The -attraction of an author becomes a psychological fact of prime -importance and subject to analysis. I think I can see two reasons for -this particular strength of Balzac's genius. One dwells in the special -character of his vision, the other in the philosophical trend which he -succeeded in giving to all his writing. - -As to the scope of his vision, this _Repertory_ alone will suffice to -show. Turn over the leaves at random and estimate the number of -fictitious deeds going to make up these two thousand biographies, each -individual, each distinct, and most of them complete--that is to say, -taking the character at his birth and leaving him only at his death. -Balzac not only knows the date of birth or of death, he knows as well -the local coloring of the time and the country and profession to which -the man belongs. He is thoroughly conversant with questions of -taxation and income and the agricultural conditions. He is not -ignorant of the fact that Grandet cannot make his fortune by the same -methods employed by Gobseck, his rival in avarice; nor Ferdinand du -Tillet, that jackal, with the same magnitude of operations worked out -by that elephant of a Nucingen. He has outlined and measured the exact -relation of each character to his environment in the same way he has -outlined and measured the bonds uniting the various characters; so -well that each individual is defined separately as to his personal and -his social side, and in the same manner each family is defined. It is -the skeleton of these individuals and of these families that is laid -bare for your contemplation in these notes of Messieurs Cerfberr and -Christophe. But this structure of facts, dependent one upon another by -a logic equal to that of life itself, is the smallest effort of -Balzac's genius. Does a birth-certificate, a marriage-contract or an -inventory of wealth represent a person? Certainly not. There is still -lacking, for a bone covering, the flesh, the blood, the muscles and -the nerves. A glance from Balzac, and all these tabulated facts become -imbued with life; to this circumstantial view of the conditions of -existence with certain beings is added as full a view of the beings -themselves. - -And first of all he knows them physiologically. The inner workings of -their corporeal mechanism is no mystery for him. Whether it is -Birotteau's gout, or Mortsauf's nervousness, or Fraisier's skin -trouble, or the secret reason for Rouget's subjugation by Flore, or -Louis Lambert's catalepsy, he is as conversant with the case as though -he were a physician; and he is as well informed, also, as a confessor -concerning the spiritual mechanism which this animal machine supports. -The slightest frailties of conscience are perceptible to him. From the -portress Cibot to the Marquise d'Espard, not one of his women has an -evil thought that he does not fathom. With what art, comparable to -that of Stendhal, or Laclos, or the most subtle analysts, does he note ---in _The Secrets of a Princess_--the transition from comedy to -sincerity! He knows when a sentiment is simple and when it is complex, -when the heart is a dupe of the mind and when of the senses. And -through it all he hears his characters speak, he distinguishes their -voices, and we ourselves distinguish them in the dialogue. The -growling of Vautrin, the hissing of La Gamard, the melodious tones of -Madame de Mortsauf still linger in our ears. For such intensity of -evocation is as contagious as an enthusiasm or a panic. - -There is abundant testimony going to show that with Balzac this -evocation is accomplished, as in the mystic arts by releasing it, so -to speak, from the ordinary laws of life. Pray note in what terms M. -le Docteur Fournier, the real mayor of Tours, relates incidents of the -novelist's method of work, according to the report of a servant -employed at the chateau of Sache: "Sometimes he would shut himself up -in his room and stay there several days. Then it was that, plunged -into a sort of ecstasy and armed with a crow quill, he would write -night and day, abstaining from all food and merely contenting himself -with decoctions of coffee which he himself prepared." [Brochure of M. -le Docteur Fournier in regard to the statue of Balzac, that statue a -piece of work to which M. Henry Renault--another devotee who had -established _Le Balzac_--had given himself so ardently. In this -brochure is found a very curious portrait of Balzac, after a sepia by -Louis Boulanger belonging to M. le Baron Larrey.] - -In the opening pages of _Facino Cane_ this phenomenon is thus -described: "With me observation had become intuitive from early youth. -It penetrated the soul without neglecting the body, or rather it -seized so completely the external details that it went beyond them. It -gave me the faculty of living the life of the individual over whom it -obtained control, and allowed me to substitute myself for him like the -dervish in _Arabian Nights_ assumed the soul and the body of persons -over whom he pronounced certain words." And he adds, after describing -how he followed a workman and his wife along the street: "I could -espouse their very life, I felt their rags on my back. I trod in their -tattered shoes. Their desires, their needs, all passed into my soul, -or my soul passed into them. It was the dream of a man awakened." One -day while he and a friend of his were watching a beggar pass by, the -friend was so astonished to see Balzac touch his own sleeve; he seemed -to feel the rent which gaped at the elbow of the beggar. - -Am I wrong in connecting this sort of imagination with that which one -witnesses in fanatics of religious faith? With such a faculty Balzac -could not be, like Edgar Poe, merely a narrator of nightmares. He was -preserved from the fantastic by another gift which seems contradictory -to the first. This visionary was in reality a philosopher, that is to -say, an experimenter and a manipulator of general ideas. Proof of this -may be found in his biography, which shows him to us, during his -college days at Vendome, plunged into a whirl of abstract reading. The -entire theological and occult library which he discovered in the old -Oratorian institution was absorbed by the child, till he had to quit -school sick, his brain benumbed by this strange opium. The story of -Louis Lambert is a monograph of his own mind. During his youth and in -the moments snatched from his profession, to what did he turn his -attention? Still to general ideas. We find him an interested onlooker -at the quarrel of Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and Cuvier, troubling himself -about the hypothesis of the unity of creation, and still dealing with -mysticism; and, in fact, his romances abound in theories. There is not -one of his works from which you cannot obtain abstract thoughts by the -hundreds. If he describes, as in _The Vicar of Tours_, the woes of an -old priest, he profits by the opportunity to exploit a theory -concerning the development of sensibility, and a treatise on the -future of Catholicism. If he describes, as in _The Firm of Nucingen_, -a supper given to Parisian _blases_, he introduces a system of credit, -reports of the Bank and Bureau of Finance, and--any number of other -things! Speaking of Daniel d'Arthez, that one of his heroes who, with -Albert Savarus and Raphael, most nearly resembles himself, he writes: -"Daniel would not admit the existence of talent without profound -metaphysical knowledge. At this moment he was in the act of despoiling -both ancient and modern philosophy of all their wealth in order to -assimilate it. He desired, like Moliere, to become a profound -philosopher first of all, a writer of comedies afterwards." Some -readers there are, indeed, who think that philosophy superabounds with -Balzac, that the surplus of general hypotheses overflows at times, and -that the novels are too prone to digressions. Be that as it may, it -seems incontestible that this was his master faculty, the virtue and -vice of his thought. Let us see, however, by what singular detour this -power of generalization--the antithesis, one might say, of the -creative power--increased in him the faculty of the poetic visionary. - -It is important, first of all, to note that this power of the -visionary could not be put directly into play. Balzac had not long -enough to live. The list of his works, year by year, prepared by his -sister, shows that from the moment he achieved his reputation till the -day of his death he never took time for rest or observation or the -study of mankind by daily and close contact, like Moliere or -Saint-Simon. He cut his life in two, writing by night, sleeping by day, -and after sparing not a single hour for calling, promenades or sentiment. -Indeed, he would not admit this troublesome factor of sentiment, -except at a distance and through letters--"because it forms one's -style"! At any rate, that is the kind of love he most willingly -admitted--unless an exception be made of the mysterious intimacies of -which his correspondence has left traces. During his youth he had -followed this same habit of heavy labor, and as a result the -experience of this master of exact literature was reduced to a -minimum; but this minimum sufficed for him, precisely because of the -philosophical insight which he possessed to so high a degree. To this -meagre number of positive faculties furnished by observation, he -applied an analysis so intuitive that he discovered, behind the small -facts amassed by him in no unusual quantity, the profound forces, the -generative influences, so to speak. - -He himself describes--once more in connection with Daniel d'Arthez ---the method pursued in this analytical and generalizing work. He -calls it a "retrospective penetration." Probably he lays hold of the -elements of experience and casts them into a seeming retort of -reveries. Thanks to an alchemy somewhat analogous to that of Cuvier, -he was enabled to reconstruct an entire temperament from the smallest -detail, and an entire class from a single individual; but that which -guided him in his work of reconstruction was always and everywhere the -habitual process of philosophers: the quest and investigation of -causes. - -It is due to this analysis that this dreamer has defined almost all -the great principles of the psychological changes incident to our -time. He saw clearly, while democracy was establishing itself with us -on the ruins of the ancient regime, the novelty of the sentiments -which these transfers from class to class were certain to produce. He -fathomed every complication of heart and mind in the modern woman by -an intuition of the laws which control her development. He divined the -transformation in the lives of artists, keeping pace with the change -in the national situation; and to this day the picture he has drawn of -journalism in _Lost Illusions_ ("A Distinguished Provincial at Paris") -remains strictly true. It seems to me that this same power of locating -causes, which has brought about such a wealth of ideas in his work, -has also brought about the magic of it all. While other novelists -describe humanity from the outside, he has shown man to us both from -within and without. The characters which crowd forth from his brain -are sustained and impelled by the same social waves which sustain and -impel us. The generative facts which created them are the same which -are always in operation about us. If many young men have taken as a -model a Rastignac, for instance, it is because the passions by which -this ambitious pauper was consumed are the same which our age of -unbridled greed multiplies around disinherited youth. Add to this that -Balzac was not content merely to display the fruitful sources of a -modern intellect, but that he cast upon them the glare of the most -ardent imagination the world has ever known. By a rare combination -this philosopher was also a man, like the story-tellers of the Orient, -to whom solitude and the over-excitement of night-work had -communicated a brilliant and unbroken hallucination. He was able to -impart this fever to his readers, and to plunge them into a sort of -_Arabian Nights_ country, where all the passions, all the desires of -real life appear, but expanded to the point of fantasy, like the -dreams brought on by laudanum or hasheesh. Why, then, should we not -understand the reason that, for certain readers, this world of -Balzac's is more real than the actual world, and that they devoted -their energies to imitating it? - -It is possible that to-day the phenomenon is becoming rarer, and that -Balzac, while no less admired, does not exercise the same fascinating -influence. The cause for this is that the great social forces which he -defined have almost ended their work. Other forces now shape the -oncoming generations and prepare them for further sensitive -influences. It is none the less a fact that, to penetrate the central -portions of the nineteenth century in France, one must read and reread -the _Comedie Humaine_. And we owe sincere thanks to Messieurs Cerfberr -and Christophe for this _Repertory_. Thanks to them, we shall the more -easily traverse the long galleries, painted and frescoed, of this -enormous palace,--a palace still unfinished, inasmuch as it lacks -those Scenes of Military Life whose titles awaken dreams within us: -_Forced Marches_; _The Battle of Austerlitz_; _After Dresden_. -Incontestably, Tolstoy's _War and Peace_ is an admirable book, but how -can we help regretting the loss of the painting of the Grand Army and -of our Great Emperor, by Balzac, our Napoleon of letters? - - PAUL BOURGET. - - - - - - REPERTORY OF THE COMEDIE HUMAINE - - - - A - -ABRAMKO, Polish Jew of gigantic strength, thoroughly devoted to the -broker, Elie Magus, whose porter he was, and whose daughter and -treasures he guarded with the aid of three fierce dogs, in 1844, in a -old house on the Minimes road hard by the Palais Royale, Paris. -Abramko had allowed himself to be compromised in the Polish -insurrection and Magus was interested in saving him. [Cousin Pons.] - -ADELE, sturdy, good-hearted Briarde servant of Denis Rogron and his -sister, Sylvie, from 1824 to 1827 at Provins. Contrary to her -employers, she displayed much sympathy and pity for their youthful -cousin, Pierrette Lorrain. [Pierrette.] - -ADELE, chambermaid of Madame du Val-Noble at the time when the latter -was maintained so magnificently by the stockbroker, Jacques Falleix, -who failed in 1929. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -ADOLPHE, slight, blonde young man employed at the shop of the shawl -merchant, Fritot, in the Bourse quarter, Paris, at the time of the -reign of Louis Philippe. [Gaudissart II.] - -ADOLPHUS, head of the banking firm of Adolphus & Company of Manheim, -and father of the Baroness Wilhelmine d'Aldrigger. [The Firm of -Nucingen.] - -AGATHE (Sister), nee Langeais, nun of the convent of Chelles, and, -with her sister Martha and the Abbe de Marolles, a refugee under the -Terror in a poor house of the Faubourg Saint-Martin, Paris. [An -Episode Under the Terror.] - -AIGLEMONT (General, Marquis Victor d'), heir of the Marquis -d'Aiglemont and nephew of the dowager Comtesse de Listomere-Landon; -born in 1783. After having been the lover of the Marechale de -Carigliano, he married, in the latter part of 1813 (at which time he -was one of the youngest and most dashing colonels of the French -cavalry), Mlle. Julie de Chatillonest, his cousin, with whom he -resided successively at Touraine, Paris and Versailles.* He took part -in the great struggle of the Empire; but the Restoration freed him -from his oath to Napoleon, restored his titles, entrusted to him a -station in the Body Guard, which gave him the rank of general, and -later made him a peer of France. Gradually he forsook his wife, whom -he deceived on account of Madame de Serizy. In 1817 the Marquis -d'Aiglemont became the father of a daughter (See Helene d'Aiglemont) -who was his image physically and morally; his last three children came -into the world during a _liaison_ between the Marquise d'Aiglemont and -the brilliant diplomat, Charles de Vandenesse. In 1827 the general, as -well as his protege and cousin, Godefroid de Beaudenord, was hurt by -the fraudulent failure of the Baron de Nucingen. Moreover, he sank a -million in the Wortschin mines where he had been speculating with -hypothecated securities of his wife's. This completed his ruin. He -went to America, whence he returned, six years later, with a new -fortune. The Marquis d'Aiglemont died, overcome by his exertions, in -1833.** [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket. The Firm of Nucingen. A -Woman of Thirty.] - -* It appears that the residence of the Marquis d'Aiglemont at - Versailles was located at number 57, on the present Avenue de - Paris; until recently it was occupied by one of the authors of - this work. - -** Given erroneously in the original as 1835. - -AIGLEMONT (Generale, Marquise Julie d'), wife of the preceding; born -in 1792. Her father, M. de Chatillonest, advised her against, but gave -her in marriage to her cousin, the attractive Colonel Victor -d'Aiglemont, in 1813. Quickly disillusioned and attacked from another -source by an "inflammation very often fatal, and which is spoken of by -women only in confidence," she sank into a profound melancholy. The -death of the Comtesse de Listomere-Landon, her aunt by marriage, -deprived her of valuable protection and advice. Shortly thereafter she -became a mother and found, in the realization of her new duties, -strength to resist the mutual attachment between herself and the young -and romantic Englishman, Lord Arthur Ormond Grenville, a student of -medicine who had nursed her and healed her bodily ailments, and who -died rather than compromise her. Heart-broken, the marquise withdrew -to the solitude of an old chateau situated between Moret and Montereau -in the midst of a neglected waste. She remained a recluse for almost a -year, given over utterly to her grief, refusing the consolations of -the Church offered her by the old cure of the village of Saint-Lange. -Then she re-entered society at Paris. There, at the age of about -thirty, she yielded to the genuine passion of the Marquis de -Vandenesse. A child, christened Charles, was born of this union, but -he perished at an early age under very tragic circumstances. Two other -children, Moina and Abel, were also the result of this love union. -They were favored by their mother above the two eldest children, -Helene and Gustave, the only ones really belonging to the Marquis -d'Aiglemont. Madame d'Aiglemont, when nearly fifty, a widow, and -having none of her children remaining alive save her daughter Moina, -sacrificed all her own fortune for a dower in order to marry the -latter to M. de Saint-Hereen, heir of one of the most famous families -of France. She then went to live with her son-in-law in a magnificent -mansion overlooking the Esplanade des Invalides. But her daughter gave -her slight return for her love. Ruffled one day by some remarks made -to her by Madame d'Aiglemont concerning the suspicious devotion of the -Marquis de Vandenesse, Moina went so far as to fling back at her -mother the remembrance of the latter's own guilty relations with the -young man's father. Terribly overcome by this attack, the poor woman, -who was a physical wreck, deaf and subject to heart disease, died in -1844. [A Woman of Thirty.] - -AIGLEMONT (Helene d'), eldest daughter of the Marquis and Marquise -Victor d'Aiglemont; born in 1817. She and her brother Gustave were -neglected by her mother for Charles, Abel and Moina. On this account -Helene became jealous and defiant. When about eight years old, in a -paroxysm of ferocious hate, she pushed her brother Charles into the -Bievre, where he was drowned. This childish crime always passed for a -terrible accident. When a young woman--one Christmas night--Helene -eloped with a mysterious adventurer who was being tracked by justice -and who was, for the time being, in hiding at the home of the Marquis -Victor d'Aiglemont, at Versailles. Her despairing father sought her -vainly. He saw her no more till seven years later, and then only once, -when on his return from America to France. The ship on which he -returned was captured by pirates, whose captain, "The Parisian," the -veritable abductor of Helene, protected the marquis and his fortune. -The two lovers had four beautiful children and lived together in the -most perfect happiness, sharing the same perils. Helene refused to -follow her father. In 1835, some months after the death of her -husband, Madame d'Aiglemont, while taking the youthful Moina to a -Pyrenees watering-place, was asked to aid a poor sufferer. It was her -daughter, Helene, who had just escaped shipwreck, saving only one -child. Both presently succumbed before the eyes of Madame d'Aiglemont. -[A Woman of Thirty.] - -AIGLEMONT (Gustave d'), second child of the Marquis and Marquise -Victor d'Aiglemont, and born under the Restoration. His first -appearance is while still a child, about 1827 or 1828, when returning -in company with his father and his sister Helene from the presentation -of a gloomy melodrama at the Gaite theatre. He was obliged to flee -hastily from a scene, which violently agitated Helene, because it -recalled the circumstances surrounding the death of his brother, some -two or three years earlier. Gustave d'Aiglemont is next found in the -drawing-room at Versailles, where the family is assembled, on the same -evening of the abduction of Helene. He died at an early age of -cholera, leaving a widow and children for whom the Dowager Marquise -d'Aiglemont showed little love. [A Woman of Thirty.] - -AIGLEMONT (Charles d'), third child of the Marquis and the Marquise -d'Aiglemont, born at the time of the intimacy of Madame d'Aiglemont -with the Marquis de Vandenesse. He appears but a single time, one -spring morning about 1824 or 1825, then being four years old. He was -out walking with his sister Helene, his mother and the Marquis de -Vandenesse. In a sudden outburst of jealous hate, Helene pushed the -little Charles into the Bievre, where he was drowned. [A Woman of -Thirty.] - -AIGLEMONT (Moina d'), fourth child and second daughter of the Marquis -and Marquise Victor d'Aiglemont. (See Comtesse de Saint-Hereen.) [A -Woman of Thirty.] - -AIGLEMONT (Abel d'), fifth and last child of the Marquis and Marquise -Victor d'Aiglemont, born during the relations of his mother with M. de -Vandenesse. Moina and he were the favorites of Madame d'Aiglemont. -Killed in Africa before Constantine. [A Woman of Thirty.] - -AJUDA-PINTO (Marquis Miguel d'), Portuguese belonging to a very old -and wealthy family, the oldest branch of which was connected with the -Bragance and the Grandlieu houses. In 1819 he was enrolled among the -most distinguished dandies who graced Parisian society. At this same -period he began to forsake Claire de Bourgogne, Vicomtesse de -Beauseant, with whom he had been intimate for three years. After -having caused her much uneasiness concerning his real intentions, he -returned her letters, on the intervention of Eugene de Rastignac, and -married Mlle. Berthe de Rochefide. [Father Goriot. Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] In 1832 he was present at one of Madame d'Espard's -receptions, where every one there joined in slandering the Princesse -de Cadignan before Daniel d'Arthez, then violently enamored of her. -[The Secrets of a Princess.] Towards 1840, the Marquis d'Ajuda-Pinto, -then a widower, married again--this time Mlle. Josephine de Grandlieu, -third daughter of the last duke of this name. Shortly thereafter, the -marquis was accomplice in a plot hatched by the friends of the -Duchesse de Grandlieu and Madame du Guenic to rescue Calyste du Guenic -from the clutches of the Marquise de Rochefide. [Beatrix.] - -AJUDA-PINTO (Marquise Berthe d'), nee Rochefide. Married to the -Marquis Miguel d'Ajuda-Pinto in 1820. Died about 1849. [Beatrix.] - -AJUDA-PINTO (Marquise Josephine d'), daughter of the Duc and Duchesse -Ferdinand de Grandlieu; second wife of the Marquis Miguel -d'Ajuda-Pinto, her kinsman by marriage. Their marriage was celebrated -about 1840. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -ALAIN (Frederic), born about 1767. He was clerk in the office of -Bordin, procureur of Chatelet. In 1798 he lent one hundred crowns in -gold to Monegod his life-long friend. This sum not being repaid, M. -Alain found himself almost insolvent, and was obliged to take an -insignificant position at the Mont-de-Piete. In addition to this he -kept the books of Cesar Birotteau, the well-known perfumer. Monegod -became wealthy in 1816, and he forced M. Alain to accept a hundred and -fifty thousand francs in payment of the loan of the hundred crowns. -The good man then devoted his unlooked-for fortune to philanthropies -in concert with Judge Popinot. Later, at the close of 1825, he became -one of the most active aides of Madame de la Chanterie and her -charitable association. It was M. Alain who introduced Godefroid into -the Brotherhood of the Consolation. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -ALBERTINE, Madame de Bargeton's chambermaid, between the years 1821 -and 1824. [Lost Illusions.] - -ALBON (Marquis d'), court councillor and ministerial deputy under the -Restoration. Born in 1777. In September, 1819, he went hunting in the -edge of the forest of l'Isle-Adam with his friend Philippe de Sucy, -who suddenly fell senseless at the sight of a poor madwoman whom he -recognized as a former mistress, Stephanie de Vandieres. The Marquis -d'Albon, assisted by two passers by, M. and Mme. de Granville, -resuscitated M. de Sucy. Then the marquis returned, at his friend's -entreaty, to the home of Stephanie, where he learned from the uncle of -this unfortunate one the sad story of the love of his friend and -Madame de Vandieres. [Farewell.] - -ALBRIZZI (Comtesse), a friend, in 1820, at Venice, of the celebrated -melomaniac, Capraja. [Massimilla Doni.] - -ALDRIGGER (Jean-Baptiste, Baron d'), born in Alsace in 1764. In 1800 a -banker at Strasbourg, where he was at the apogee of a fortune made -during the Revolution, he wedded, partly through ambition, partly -through inclination, the heiress of the Adolphuses of Manheim. The -young daughter was idolized by every one in her family and naturally -inherited all their fortune after some ten years. Aldrigger, created -baron by the Emperor, was passionately devoted to the great man who -had bestowed upon him his title, and he ruined himself, between 1814 -and 1815, by believing too deeply in "the sun of Austerlitz." At the -time of the invasion, the trustworthy Alsatian continued to pay on -demand and closed up his bank, thus meriting the remark of Nucingen, -his former head-clerk: "Honest, but stoobid." The Baron d'Aldrigger -went at once to Paris. There still remained to him an income of -forty-four thousand francs, reduced at his death, in 1823, by more than -half on account of the expenditures and carelessness of his wife. The -latter was left a widow with two daughters, Malvina and Isaure. [The -Firm of Nucingen.] - -ALDRIGGER (Theodora-Marguerite-Wilhelmine, Baronne d'), nee Adolphus. -Daughter of the banker Adolphus of Manheim, greatly spoiled by her -parents. In 1800 she married the Strasbourg banker, Aldrigger, who -spoiled her as badly as they had done and as later did the two -daughters whom she had by her husband. She was superficial, incapable, -egotistic, coquettish and pretty. At forty years of age she still -preserved almost all her freshness and could be called "the little -Shepherdess of the Alps." In 1823, when the baron died, she came near -following him through her violent grief. The following morning at -breakfast she was served with small pease, of which she was very fond, -and these small pease averted the crisis. She resided in the rue -Joubert, Paris, where she held receptions until the marriage of her -younger daughter. [The Firm of Nucingen.] - -ALDRIGGER (Malvina d'), elder daughter of the Baron and Baroness -d'Aldrigger, born at Strasbourg in 1801, at the time when the family -was most wealthy. Dignified, slender, swarthy, sensuous, she was a -good type of the woman "you have seen at Barcelona." Intelligent, -haughty, whole-souled, sentimental and sympathetic, she was -nevertheless smitten by the dry Ferdinand du Tillet, who sought her -hand in marriage at one time, but forsook her when he learned of the -bankruptcy of the Aldrigger family. The lawyer Desroches also -considered asking the hand of Malvina, but he too gave up the idea. -The young girl was counseled by Eugene de Rastignac, who took it upon -himself to see that she got married. Nevertheless, she ended by being -an old maid, withering day by day, giving piano lessons, living rather -meagrely with her mother in a modest flat on the third floor, in the -rue du Mont-Thabor. [The Firm of Nucingen.] - -ALDRIGGER (Isaure d'), second daughter of the Baron and Baronne -d'Aldrigger, married to Godefroid de Beaudenord (See that name.) [The -Firm of Nucingen.] - -ALINE, a young Auvergne chambermaid in the service of Madame Veronique -Graslin, to whom she was devoted body and soul. She was probably the -only one to whom was confided all the terrible secrets pertaining to -the life of Madame Graslin. [The Country Parson.] - -ALLEGRAIN* (Christophe-Gabriel), French sculptor, born in 1710. With -Lauterbourg and Vien, at Rome, in 1758, he assisted his friend -Sarrasine to abduct Zambinella, then a famous singer. The prima-donna -was a eunuch. [Sarrasine.] - -* To the sculptor Allegrain who died in 1795, the Louvre Museum is - indebted for a "Narcisse," a "Diana," and a "Venus entering the - Bath." - -ALPHONSE, a friend of the ruined orphan, Charles Grandet, tarrying -temporarily at Saumur. In 1819 he acquitted himself most creditably of -a mission entrusted to him by that young man. He wound up Charles' -business at Paris, paying all his debts by a single little sale. -[Eugenie Grandet.] - -AL-SARTCHILD, name of a German banking-house, where Gedeon Brunner was -compelled to deposit the funds belonging to his son Frederic and -inherited from his mother. [Cousin Pons.] - -ALTHOR (Jacob), a Hambourg banker, who opened up a business at Havre -in 1815. He had a son, whom in 1829 M. and Mme. Mignon desired for a -son-in-law. [Modeste Mignon.] - -ALTHOR (Francisque), son of Jacob Althor. Francisque was the dandy of -Havre in 1829. He wished to marry Modeste Mignon but forsook her -quickly enough when he found out that her family was bankrupt. Not -long afterwards he married Mlle. Vilquin the elder. [Modeste Mignon.] - -AMANDA, Parisian modiste at the time of Louis Philippe. Among her -customers was Marguerite Turquet, known as Malaga, who was slow in -paying bills. [A Man of Business.] - -AMAURY (Madame), owner, in 1829, of a pavilion at Sauvic, near -Ingouville, which Canalis leased when he went to Havre to see Mlle. -Mignon [Modeste Mignon.] - -AMBERMESNIL (Comtesse de l') went in 1819, when about thirty-six years -old, to board with the widow, Mme. Vauquer, rue Nueve Sainte-Genevieve, -now Tournefort, Paris. Mme. de l'Ambermesnil gave it out that she was -awaiting the settlement of a pension which was due her on account of -being the widow of a general killed "on the battlefield." Mme. Vauquer -gave her every attention, confiding all her own affairs to her. The -comtesse vanished at the end of six months, leaving a board bill -unsettled. Mme. Vauquer sought her eagerly, but was never able to -obtain a trace of this adventuress. [Father Goriot.] - -AMEDEE, nickname bestowed on Felix de Vandenesse by Lady Dudley when -she thought she saw a rival in Madame de Mortsauf. [The Lily of the -Valley.] - -ANCHISE (Pere), a surname given by La Palferine to a little Savoyard -of ten years who worked for him without pay. "I have never seen such -silliness coupled with such intelligence," the Prince of Bohemia said -of this child; "he would go through fire for me, he understands -everything, and yet he does not see that I cannot help him." [A Prince -of Bohemia.] - -ANGARD--At Paris, in 1840, the "professor" Angard was consulted, in -connection with the Doctors Bianchon and Larabit, on account of Mme. -Hector Hulot, who it was feared was losing her reason. [Cousin Betty.] - -ANGELIQUE (Sister), nun of the Carmelite convent at Blois under Louis -XVIII. Celebrated for her leanness. She was known by Renee de -l'Estorade (Mme. de Maucombe) and Louise de Chaulieu (Mme. Marie -Gaston), who went to school at the convent. [Letters of Two Brides.] - -ANICETTE, chambermaid of the Princesse de Cadignan in 1839. The -artful and pretty Champagne girl was sought by the sub-prefect of -Arcis-sur-Aube, by Maxime de Trailles, and by Mme. Beauvisage, the -mayor's wife, each trying to bribe and enlist her on the side of -one of the various candidates for deputy. [The Member for Arcis.] - -ANNETTE, Christian name of a young woman of the Parisian world, under -the Restoration. She had been brought up at Ecouen, where she had -received the practical counsels of Mme. Campan. Mistress of Charles -Grandet before his father's death. Towards the close of 1819, a prey -to suspicion, she must needs sacrifice her happiness for the time -being, so she made a weary journey with her husband into Scotland. She -made her lover effeminate and materialistic, advising with him about -everything. He returned from the Indies in 1827, when she quickly -brought about his engagement with Mlle. d'Aubrion. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -ANNETTE, maid servant of Rigou at Blangy, Burgundy. She was nineteen -years old, in 1823, and had held this place for more than three years, -although Gregoire Rigou never kept servants for a longer period than -this, however much he might and did favor them. Annette, sweet, -blonde, delicate, a true masterpiece of dainty, piquant loveliness, -worthy to wear a duchess' coronet, earned nevertheless only thirty -francs a year. She kept company with Jean-Louis Tonsard without -letting her master once suspect it; ambition had prompted this young -woman to flatter her employer as a means of hoodwinking this lynx. -[The Peasantry.] - -ANSELME, Jesuit, living in rue des Postes (now rue Lhomond). -Celebrated mathematician. Had some dealings with Felix Phellion, whom -he tried to convert to his religious belief. This rather meagre -information concerning him was furnished by a certain Madame Komorn. -[The Middle Classes.] - -ANTOINE, born in the village of Echelles, Savoy. In 1824 he had served -longest as clerk in the Bureau of Finance, where he had secured -positions, still more modest than his own, for a couple of his -nephews, Laurent and Gabriel, both of whom were married to lace -laundresses. Antoine meddled with every act of the administration. He -elbowed, criticised, scolded and toadied to Clement Chardin des -Lupeaulx and other office-holders. He doubtless lived with his -nephews. [The Government Clerks.] - -ANTOINE, old servant of the Marquise Beatrix de Rochefide, in 1840, on -the rue de Chartes-du-Roule, near Monceau Park, Paris. [Beatrix.] - -ANTONIA--see Chocardelle, Mlle. - -AQUILINA, a Parisian courtesan of the time of the Restoration and -Louis Philippe. She claimed to be a Piedmontese. Of her true name she -was ignorant. She had appropriated this _nom de guerre_ from a -character in the well-known tragedy by Otway, "Venice Preserved," that -she had chanced to read. At sixteen, pure and beautiful, at the time -of her downfall, she had met Castanier, Nucingen's cashier, who -resolved to save her from evil for his own gain, and live maritally -with her in the rue Richter. Aquilina then took the name of Madame de -la Garde. At the same time of her relations with Castanier, she had -for a lover a certain Leon, a petty officer in a regiment of infantry, -and none other than one of the sergeants of Rochelle to be executed on -the Place de Greve in 1822. Before this execution, in the reign of -Louis XVIII., she attended a performance of "Le Comedien d'Etampes," -one evening at the Gymnase, when she laughed immoderately at the -comical part played by Perlet. At the same time, Castanier, also -present at this mirthful scene, but harassed by Melmoth, was -experiencing the insufferable doom of a cruel hidden drama. [Melmoth -Reconciled.] Her next appearance is at a famous orgy at the home of -Frederic Taillefer, rue Joubert, in company with Emile Blondet, -Rastignac, Bixiou and Raphael de Valentin. She was a magnificent girl -of good figure, superb carriage, and striking though irregular -features. Her glance and smile startled one. She always included some -red trinket in her attire, in memory of her executed lover. [The Magic -Skin.] - -ARCOS (Comte d'), a Spanish grandee living in the Peninsula at the -time of the expedition of Napoleon I. He would probably have married -Maria-Pepita-Juana Marana de Mancini, had it not been for the peculiar -incidents which brought about her marriage with the French officer, -Francois Diard. [The Maranas.] - -ARGAIOLO (Duc d'), a very rich and well-born Italian, the respected -though aged husband of her who later became the Duchesse de Rhetore, -to the perpetual grief of Albert Savarus. Argaiolo died, almost an -octogenarian, in 1835. [Albert Savarus.] - -ARGAIOLO (Duchesse d'), nee Soderini, wife of the Duc d'Argaiolo. She -became a widow in 1835, and took as her second husband the Duc de -Rhetore. (See Duchesse de Rhetore.) [Albert Savarus.] - -ARRACHELAINE, surname of the rogue, Ruffard. (See that name.) [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life.] - -ARTHEZ (Daniel d'), one of the most illustrious authors of the -nineteenth century, and one of those rare men who display "the unity -of excellent talent and excellent character." Born about 1794 or 1796. -A Picard gentleman. In 1821, when about twenty-five, he was -poverty-stricken and dwelt on the fifth floor of a dismal house in the -rue des Quatre-Vents, Paris, where had also resided the illustrious -surgeon Desplein, in his youth. There he fraternized with: Horace -Bianchon, then house-physician at Hotel-Dieu; Leon Giraud, the profound -philosopher; Joseph Bridau, the painter who later achieved so much -renown; Fulgence Ridal, comic poet of great sprightliness; Meyraux, -the eminent physiologist who died young; lastly, Louis Lambert and -Michel Chrestien, the Federalist Republican, both of whom were cut off -in their prime. To these men of heart and of talent Lucien de -Rubempre, the poet, sought to attach himself. He was introduced by -Daniel d'Arthez, their recognized leader. This society had taken the -name of the "Cenacle." D'Arthez and his friends advised and aided, -when in need, Lucien the "Distinguished Provincial at Paris" who ended -so tragically. Moreover, with a truly remarkable disinterestedness -d'Arthez corrected and revised "The Archer of Charles IX.," written by -Lucien, and the work became a superb book, in his hands. Another -glimpse of d'Arthez is as the unselfish friend of Marie Gaston, a -young poet of his stamp, but "effeminate." D'Arthez was swarthy, with -long locks, rather small and bearing some resemblance to Bonaparte. He -might be called the rival of Rousseau, "the Aquatic," since he was -very temperate, very pure, and drank water only. For a long time he -ate at Flicoteaux's in the Latin Quarter. He had grown famous in 1832, -besides enjoying an income of thirty thousand francs bequeathed by an -uncle who had left him a prey to the most biting poverty so long as -the author was unknown. D'Arthez then resided in a pretty house of his -own in the rue de Bellefond, where he lived in other respects as -formerly, in the rigor of work. He was a deputy sitting on the right -and upholding the Royalist platform of Divine Right. When he had -acquired a competence, he had a most vulgar and incomprehensible -_liaison_ with a woman tolerably pretty, but belonging to a lower -society and without either education or breeding. D'Arthez maintained -her, nevertheless, carefully concealing her from sight; but, far from -being a pleasurable manner of life, it became odious to him. It was at -this time that he was invited to the home of Diane de Maufrigneuse, -Princesse de Cadignan, who was then thirty-six, but did not look it. -The famous "great coquette" told him her (so-called) "secrets," -offered herself outright to this man whom she treated as a "famous -simpleton," and whom she made her lover. After that day there was no -doubt about the relations of the princesse and Daniel d'Arthez. The -great author, whose works became very rare, appeared only during some -of the winter months at the Chamber of Deputies. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris. Letters of Two Brides. The Member for Arcis. The -Secrets of a Princess.] - -ASIE, one of the pseudonyms of Jacqueline Collin. (See that name.) -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -ATHALIE, cook for Mme. Schontz in 1836. According to her mistress, she -was specially gifted in preparing venison. [The Muse of the -Department.] - -AUBRION (Marquis d'), a gentleman-in-waiting of the Bedchamber, under -Charles X. He was of the house of Aubrion de Buch, whose last head -died before 1789. He was silly enough to wed a woman of fashion, -though he was already an old man of but twenty thousand francs income, -a sum hardly sufficient in Paris. He tried to marry his daughter -without a dowry to some man who was intoxicated with nobility. In -1827, to quote Mme. d'Aubrion, this ancient wreck was madly devoted to -the Duchesse de Chaulieu [Eugenie Grandet.] - -AUBRION (Marquise d'), wife of the preceding. Born in 1789. At -thirty-eight she was still pretty, and, having always been somewhat -aspiring, she endeavored (in 1827), by hook or by crook, to entangle -Charles Grandet, lately returned from the Indies. She wished to make a -son-in-law out of him, and she succeeded. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -AUBRION (Mathilde d') daughter of the Marquis and Marquise d'Aubrion; -born in 1808; married to Charles Grandet. (See that name.) [Eugenie -Grandet.] - -AUBRION (Comte d'), the title acquired by Charles Grandet after his -marriage to the daughter of the Marquis d'Aubrion. [The Firm of -Nucingen.] - -AUFFRAY, grocer at Provins, in the period of Louis XV., Louis XVI. and -the Revolution. M. Auffray married the first time when eighteen, the -second time at sixty-nine. By his first wife he had a rather ugly -daughter who married, at sixteen, a landlord of Provins, Rogron by -name. Auffray had another daughter, by his second marriage, a charming -girl, this time, who married a Breton captain in the Imperial Guard. -Pierrette Lorrain was the daughter of this officer. The old grocer -Auffray died at the time of the Empire without having had time enough -to make his will. The inheritance was so skillfully manipulated by -Rogron, the first son-in-law of the deceased, that almost nothing was -left for the goodman's widow, then only about thirty-eight years old. -[Pierrette.] - -AUFFRAY (Madame), wife of the preceding. (See Neraud, Mme.) -[Pierrette.] - -AUFFRAY, a notary of Provins in 1827. Husband of Mme. Guenee's third -daughter. Great-grand-nephew of the old grocer, Auffray. Appointed a -guardian of Pierrette Lorrain. On account of the ill-treatment to -which this young girl was subjected at the home of her guardian, Denis -Rogron, she was removed, an invalid, to the home of the notary -Auffray, a designated guardian, where she died, although tenderly -cared for. [Pierrette.] - -AUFFRAY (Madame), born Guenee. Wife of the preceding. The third -daughter of Mme. Guenee, born Tiphaine. She exhibited the greatest -kindness for Pierrette Lorrain, and nursed her tenderly in her last -illness. [Pierrette.] - -AUGUSTE, name borne by Boislaurier, as chief of "brigands," in the -uprisings of the West under the Republic and under the Empire. [The -Seamy Side of History.] - -AUGUSTE, _valet de chambre_ of the General Marquis Armand de -Montriveau, under the Restoration, at the time when the latter dwelt -in the rue de Seine hard by the Chamber of Peers, and was intimate -with the Duchesse Antoinette de Langeais. [The Thirteen.] - -AUGUSTE, notorious assassin, executed in the first years of the -Restoration. He left a mistress, surnamed Rousse, to whom Jacques -Collin had faithfully remitted (in 1819) some twenty odd thousands of -francs, on behalf of her lover after his execution. This woman was -married in 1821, by Jacques Collin's sister, to the head clerk of a -rich, wholesale hardware merchant. Nevertheless, though once more in -respectable society, she remained bound, by a secret compact, to the -terrible Vautrin and his sister. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -AUGUSTE (Madame), dressmaker of Esther Gobseck, and her creditor in -the time of Louis XVIII. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -AUGUSTIN, _valet de chambre_ of M. de Serizy in 1822. [A Start in -Life.] - -AURELIE, a Parisian courtesan, under Louis Philippe, at the time when -Mme. Fabien du Ronceret commenced her conquests. [Beatrix.] - -AURELIE (La Petite), one of the nicknames of Josephine Schiltz, also -called Schontz, who became, later, Mme. Fabien du Ronceret. [Beatrix.] - -AUVERGNAT (L'), one of the assumed names of the rogue Selerier, alias -Pere Ralleau, alias Rouleur, alias Fil-de-soie. (See Selerier.) -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - - - - B - -BABYLAS, groom or "tiger" of Amedee de Soulas, in 1834, at Besancon. -Was fourteen years old at this time. The son of one of his master's -tenants. He earned thirty-six francs a month by his position to -support himself, but he was neat and skillful. [Albert Savarus.] - -BAPTISTE, _valet de chambre_ to the Duchesse de Lenoncourt-Chaulieu in -1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -BARBANCHU, Bohemian with a cocked hat, who was called into Vefour's by -some journalists who breakfasted there at the expense of Jerome -Thuillier, in 1840, and invited by them to "sponge" off of this urbane -man, which he did. [The Middle Classes.] - -BARBANTI (The), a Corsican family who brought about the reconciliation -of the Piombos and the Portas in 1800. [The Vendetta.] - -BARBET, a dynasty of second-hand book-dealers in Paris under the -Restoration and Louis Philippe. They were Normans. In 1821 and the -years following, one of them ran a little shop on the quay des -Grands-Augustins, and purchased Lousteau's books. In 1836, a Barbet, -partner in a book-shop with Metivier and Morand, owned a wretched house -on the rue Notre-Dame-des-Champs and the boulevard du Mont-Parnasse, -where dwelt the Baron Bourlac with his daughter and grandson. In 1840 -the Barbets had become regular usurers dealing in credits with the firm -of Cerizet and Company. The same year a Barbet occupied, in a house -belonging to Jerome Thuillier, rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer (now rue -Royal-Collard), a room on the first flight up and a shop on the ground -floor. He was then a "publisher's shark." Barbet junior, a nephew of -the foregoing, and editor in the alley des Panoramas, placed on the -market at this time a brochure composed by Th. de la Peyrade but -signed by Thuillier and having the title "Capital and Taxes." [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Man of Business. The Seamy Side -of History. The Middle Classes.] - -BARBETTE, wife of the great Cibot, known as Galope-Chopine. (See -Cibot, Barbette.) [Les Chouans.] - -BARCHOU DE PENHOEN (Auguste-Theodore-Hilaire), born at Morlaix -(Finistere), April 28, 1801, died at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, July 29, -1855. A school-mate of Balzac, Jules Dufaure and Louis Lambert, and -his neighbors in the college dormitory of Vendome in 1811. Later he -was an officer, then a writer of transcendental philosophy, a -translator of Fichte, a friend and interpreter of Ballanche. In 1849 -he was elected, by his fellow-citizens of Finistere, to the -Legislative Assembly where he represented the Legitimists and the -Catholics. He protested against the _coup d'etat_ of December 2, 1851 -(See "The Story of a Crime," by Victor Hugo). When a child he came -under the influence of Pyrrhonism. He once gainsaid the talent of -Louis Lambert, his Vendome school-mate. [Louis Lambert.] - -BARGETON (De), born between 1761 and 1763. Great-grandson of an -Alderman of Bordeau named Mirault, ennobled during the reign of Louis -XIII., and whose son, under Louis XIV., now Mirault de Bargeton, was -an officer of the Guards de la Porte. He owned a house at Angouleme, -in the rue du Minage, where he lived with his wife, Marie-Louise-Anais -de Negrepelisse, to whom he was entirely obedient. On her account, and -at her instigation, he fought with one of the habitues of his salon, -Stanislas de Chandour, who had circulated in the town a slander on -Mme. de Bargeton. Bargeton lodged a bullet in his opponent's neck. He -had for a second his father-in-law, M. de Negrepelisse. Following -this, M. de Bargeton retired into his estate at Escarbas, near -Barbezieux, while his wife, as a result of the duel left Angouleme for -Paris. M. de Bargeton had been of good physique, but "injured by -youthful excesses." He was commonplace, but a great gourmand. He died -of indigestion towards the close of 1821. [Lost Illusions.] - -BARGETON (Madame de), nee Marie-Louise-Anais Negrepelisse, wife of the -foregoing. Left a widow, she married again, this time the Baron Sixte -du Chatelet. (See that name.) - -BARILLAUD, known by Frederic Alain whose suspicion he aroused with -regard to Monegod. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -BARIMORE (Lady), daughter of Lord Dudley, and apparently the wife of -Lord Barimore, although it is a disputed question. Just after 1830, -she helped receive at a function of Mlle. des Touches, rue de la -Chaussee-d'Antin, where Marsay told about his first love affair. -[Another Study of Woman.] - -BARKER (William), one of Vautrin's "incarnations." In 1824 or 1825, -under this assumed name, he posed as one of the creditors of M. -d'Estourny, making him endorse some notes of Cerizet's, the partner of -this M. d'Estourny. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -BARNHEIM, family in good standing at Bade. On the maternal side, the -family of Mme. du Ronceret, nee Schiltz, alias Schontz. [Beatrix.] - -BARNIOL, Phellion's son-in-law. Head of an academy (in 1840), rue -Saint-Hyacinthe-Saint-Michel (now, rue Le Goff and rue Malebrache). A -rather influential man in the Faubourg Saint-Jacques. Visited the -salon of Thuillier. [The Middle Classes.] - -BARNIOL (Madame), nee Phellion, wife of the preceding. She had been -under-governess in the boarding school of the Mlles. Lagrave, rue -Notre-Dame des Champs. [The Middle Classes.] - -BARRY (John), a young English huntsman, well known in the district -whence the Prince of Loudon brought him to employ him at his own home. -He was with this great lord in 1829, 1830. [Modeste Mignon.] - -BARTAS (Adrien de), of Angouleme. In 1821, he and his wife were very -devoted callers at the Bargetons. M. de Bartas gave himself up -entirely to music, talking about this subject incessantly, and -courting invitations to sing with his heavy bass voice. He posed as -the lover of Mme. de Brebion, the wife of his best friend. M. de -Brebion became the lover of Mme. de Bartas. [Lost Illusions.] - -BARTAS (Madame Josephine de), wife of the preceding, always called -Fifine, "for short." [Lost Illusions.] - -BASTIENNE, Parisian modiste in 1821. Finot's journal vaunted her hats, -for a pecuniary consideration, and derogated those of Virginie, -formerly praised. [Lost Illusions.] - -BATAILLES (The), belonging to the bourgeoisie of Paris, traders of -Marais, neighbors and friends of the Baudoyers and the Saillards in -1824. M. Bataille was a captain in the National Guard, a fact which he -allowed no one to ignore. [The Government Clerks.] - -BAUDENORD (Godefroid de), born in 1800. In 1821 he was one of the -kings of fashion, in company with Marsay, Vandenesse, Ajuda-Pinto, -Maxime de Trailles, Rastignac, the Duc de Maufrigneuse and Manerville. -[A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] His nobility and breeding were -perhaps not very orthodox. According to Mlle. Emilie de Fontaine, he -was of bad figure and stout, having but a single advantage--that of -his brown locks. [The Ball at Sceaux.] A cousin, by marriage, of his -guardian, the Marquis d'Aiglemont, he was, like him, ruined by the -Baron de Nucingen in the Wortschin mine deal. At one time Beaudenord -thought of paying court to his pretty cousin, the Marquise -d'Aiglemont. In 1827 he wedded Isaure d'Aldrigger and, after having -lived with her in a cosy little house on the rue de le Planche, he was -obliged to solicit employment of the Minister of Finance, a position -which he lost on account of the Revolution of 1830. However, he was -reinstated through the influence of Nucingen, in 1836. He now lived -modestly with his mother-in-law, his unmarried sister-in-law, Malvina, -his wife and four children which she had given him, on the third -floor, over the entresol, rue du Mont-Thabor. [The Firm of Nucingen.] - -BAUDENORD (Madame de), wife of the preceding. Born Isaure d'Aldrigger, -in 1807, at Strasbourg. An indolent blonde, fond of dancing, but a -nonentity from both the moral and the intellectual standpoints. [The -Firm of Nucingen.] - -BAUDOYER (Monsieur and Madame), formerly tanners at Paris, rue -Censier. They owned their house, besides having a country seat at -l'Isle Adam. They had but one child, Isidore, whose sketch follows. -Mme. Baudoyer, born Mitral, was the sister of the bailiff of that -name. [The Government Clerks.] - -BAUDOYER (Isidore), born in 1788; only son of M. and Mme. Baudoyer, -tanners, rue Censier, Paris. Having finished a course of study, he -obtained a position in the Bureau of Finance, where, despite his -notorious incapacity--and through "wire-pulling"--he became head of -the office. In 1824, a head of the division, M. de La Billardiere -died, when the meritorious clerk, Xavier Rabourdin, aspired to succeed -him; but the position went to Isidore Baudoyer, who was backed by the -power of money and the influence of the Church. He did not retain this -post long; six months thereafter he became a preceptor at Paris. -Isidore Baudoyer lived with his wife and her parents in a house on -Palais Royale (now Place des Vosges), of which they were joint owners. -[The Government Clerks.] He dined frequently, in 1840, at Thuillier's, -an old employe of the Bureau of Finance, then domiciled at the rue -Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer, who had renewed his acquaintance with his -old-time colleagues. [The Middle Classes.] In 1845, this man, who had -been a model husband and who made a great pretence of religion -maintained Heloise Brisetout. He was then mayor of the arrondissement -of the Palais Royale. [Cousin Pons.] - -BAUDOYER (Madame), wife of the preceding and daughter of a cashier of -the Minister of Finance; born Elisabeth Saillard in 1795. Her mother, -an Auvergnat, had an uncle, Bidault, alias Gigonnet, a short-time -money lender in the Halles quarter. On the other side, her -mother-in-law was the sister of the bailiff Mitral. Thanks to these two -men of means, who exercised a veritable secret power, and through her -piety, which put her on good terms with the clergy, she succeeded in -raising her husband up to the highest official positions--profiting also -by the financial straits of Clement Chardin des Lupeaulx, Secretary -General of Finance. [The Government Clerks.] - -BAUDOYER (Mademoiselle), daughter of Isidore Baudoyer and Elisabeth -Saillard, born in 1812. Reared by her parents with the idea of -becoming the wife of the shrewd and energetic speculator Martin -Falleix, brother of Jacques Falleix the stock-broker. [The Government -Clerks.] - -BAUDRAND, cashier of a boulevard theatre, of which Gaudissart became -the director about 1834. In 1845 he was succeeded by the proletariat -Topinard. [Cousin Pons.] - -BAUDRY (Planat de), Receiver General of Finances under the -Restoration. He married one of the daughters of the Comte de Fontaine. -He usually passed his summers at Sceaux, with almost all his wife's -family. [The Ball at Sceaux.] - -BAUVAN (Comte de), one of the instigators of the Chouan insurrection -in the department d'Ille-et-Vilaine, in 1799. Through a secret -revelation made to his friend the Marquis de Montauran on the part of -Mlle. de Verneuil, the Comte de Bauvan caused, indirectly, the -Massacre des Bleus at Vivetiere. Later, surprised in an ambuscade by -soldiers of the Republic, he was made a prisoner by Mlle. de Verneuil -and owed his life to her; for this reason he became entirely devoted -to her, assisting as a witness at her marriage with Montauran. [The -Chouans.] - -BAUVAN (Comtesse de), in all likelihood the wife of the foregoing, -whom she survived. In 1822 she was manager of a Parisian lottery -bureau which employed Madame Agatha Bridau, about the same time. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] - -BAUVAN (Comte and Comtesse de), father and mother of Octave de Bauvan. -Relics of the old Court, living in a tumble-down house on the rue -Payenne at Paris, where they died, about 1815, within a few months of -each other, and before the conjugal infelicity of their son. (See -Octave de Bauvan.) Probably related to the two preceding. [Honorine.] - -BAUVAN (Comte Octave de), statesman and French magistrate. Born in -1787. When twenty-six he married Honorine, a beautiful young heiress -who had been reared carefully at the home of his parents, M. and Mme. -de Bauvan, whose ward she was. Two or three years afterwards she left -the conjugal roof, to the infinite despair of the comte, who gave -himself over entirely to winning her back again. At the end of several -years he succeeded in getting her to return to him through pity, but -she died soon after this reconciliation, leaving one son born of their -reunion. The Comte de Bauvan, completely broken, set out for Italy -about 1836. He had two residences at Paris, one on rue Payenne, an -heirloom, the other on Faubourg Saint-Honore, which was the scene of -the domestic reunion. [Honorine.] In 1830, the Comte de Bauvan, then -president of the Court of Cassation, with MM. de Granville and de -Serizy, tried to save Lucien de Rubempre from a criminal judgment, -and, after the suicide of that unhappy man, he followed his remains to -the grave. [Scenes from a Courtesan's life.] - -BAUVAN (Comtesse Honorine de), wife of the preceding. Born in 1794. -Married at nineteen to the Comte Octave de Bauvan. After having -abandoned her husband, she was in turn, while expecting a child, -abandoned by her lover, some eighteen months later. She then lived a -very retired life in the rue Saint-Maur, yet all the time being under -the secret surveillance of the Comte de Bauvan who paid exorbitant -prices for the artificial flowers which she made. She thus derived -from him a rather large part of the sustenance which she believed she -owed only to her own efforts. She died, reunited to her husband, -shortly after the Revolution of July, 1830. Honorine de Bauvan lost -her child born out of wedlock, and she always mourned it. During her -years of toilsome exile in the Parisian faubourg, she came in contact -successively with Marie Gobain, Jean-Jules Popinot, Felix Gaudissart, -Maurice de l'Hostal and Abbe Loraux.[Honorine.] - -BEAUDENORD (Madame de), wife of the preceding. Born Isaure -d'Aldrigger, in 1807, at Strasbourg. An indolent blonde, fond of -dancing, but a nonentity from both the moral and the intellectual -standpoints. [The Firm of Nucingen.] - -BEAUMESNIL (Mademoiselle), a celebrated actress of the -Theatre-Francais, Paris. Mature at the time of the Restoration. She -was the mistress of the police-officer Peyrade, by whom she had a -daughter, Lydie, whom he acknowledged. The last home of Mlle. -Beaumesnil was on rue de Tournon. It was there that she suffered the -loss by theft of her valuable diamonds, through Charles Crochard, her -real lover. This was at the beginning of the reign of Louis Philippe. -[The Middle Classes. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. A Second Home.] - -BEAUPIED, or Beau-Pied, an alias of Jean Falcon. (See that name.) - -BEAUPRE (Fanny), an actress at the Theatre de la Porte-Saint-Martin, -Paris, time of Charles X. Young and beautiful, in 1825, she made a -name for herself in the role of marquise in a melodrama entitled "La -Famille d'Anglade." At this time she had replaced Coralie, then dead, -in the affections of Camusot the silk-merchant. It was at Fanny -Beaupre's that Oscar Husson, one of the clerks of lawyer Desroches, -lost in gaming the sum of five hundred francs belonging to his -employer, and that he was discovered lying dead-drunk on a sofa by his -uncle Cardot. [A Start in Life.] In 1829 Fanny Beaupre, for a money -consideration, posed as the best friend of the Duc d'Herouville. -[Modeste Mignon.] In 1842, after his liaison with Mme. de la Baudraye, -Lousteau lived maritally with her. [The Muse of the Department.] A -frequent inmate of the mansion magnificently fitted up for Esther -Gobseck by the Baron de Nucingen, she knew all the fast set of the -years 1829 and 1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -BEAUSEANT (Marquis and Comte de), the father and eldest brother of the -Vicomte de Beauseant, husband of Claire de Bourgogne. [The Deserted -Woman.] In 1819, the marquis and the comte dwelt together in their -house, rue Saint-Dominique, Paris. [Father Goriot.] While the -Revolution was on, the marquis had emigrated. The Abbe de Marolles had -dealings with him. [An Episode under the Terror.] - -BEAUSEANT (Marquise de). In 1824 a Marquise de Beauseant, then rather -old, is found to have dealings with the Chaulieus. It was probably the -widow of the marquis of this name, and the mother of the Comte and -Vicomte de Beauseant. [Letters of Two Brides.] The Marquise de -Beauseant was a native of Champagne, coming of a very old family. [The -Deserted Woman.] - -BEAUSEANT (Vicomte de), husband of Claire de Bourgogne. He understood -the relations of his wife with Miguel d'Ajuda-Pinto, and, whether he -liked it or not, he respected this species of morganatic alliance -recognized by society. The Vicomte de Beauseant had his residence in -Paris on the rue de Grenelle in 1819. At that time he kept a dancer -and liked nothing better than high living. He became a marquis on the -death of his father and eldest brother. He was a polished man, -courtly, methodical, and ceremonious. He insisted upon living -selfishly. His death would have allowed Mme. de Beauseant to wed -Gaston de Nueil. [Father Goriot. The Deserted Woman.] - -BEAUSEANT (Vicomtesse de), born Clair de Bourgogne, in 1792. Wife of -the preceding and cousin of Eugene de Rastignac. Of a family almost -royal. Deceived by her lover, Miguel d'Ajuda-Pinto, who, while -continuing his intimacy with her, asked and obtained the hand of -Berthe de Rochefide, the vicomtesse left Paris secretly before this -wedding and on the morning following a grand ball which was given at -her home where she shone in all her pride and splendor. In 1822 this -"deserted woman" had lived for three years in the most rigid seclusion -at Courcelles near Bayeux. Gaston de Nueil, a young man of three and -twenty, who had been sent to Normandy for his health, succeeded in -making her acquaintance, was immediately smitten with her and, after a -long seige, became her lover. This was at Geneva, whither she had -fled. Their intimacy lasted for nine years, being broken by the -marriage of the young man. In 1819 the Vicomtesse de Beauseant -received at Paris the most famous "high-rollers" of the day ---Malincour, Ronquerolles, Maxime de Trailles, Marsay, Vandenesse, -together with an intermingling of the most elegant dames, as Lady -Brandon, the Duchesse de Langeais, the Comtesse de Kergarouet, Mme. de -Serizy, the Duchesse Carigliano, the Comtesse Ferraud, Mme. de Lantry, -the Marquise d'Aiglemont, Mme. Firmiani, the Marquise de Listomere, -the Marquise d'Espard and the Duchesse de Maufrigneuse. She was -equally intimate with Grandlieu, and the General de Montriveau. -Rastignac, then poor at the time of his start in the world, also -received cards to her receptions. [Father Goriot. The Deserted Woman. -Albert Savarus.] - -BEAUSSIER, a bourgeois of Issoudun under the Restoration. Upon seeing -Joseph Bridau in the diligence, while the artist and his mother were -on a journey in 1822, he remarked that he would not care to meet him -at night in the corner of a forest--he looked so much like a -highwayman. That same evening Beaussier, accompanied by his wife, came -to call at Hochon's in order to get a nearer view of the painter. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] - -BEAUSSIER the younger, known as Beaussier the Great; son of the -preceding and one of the Knights of Idlesse at Issoudun, commanded by -Maxence Gilet, under the Restoration. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -BEAUVISAGE, physician of the Convent des Carmelites at Blois, time of -Louis XVIII. He was known by Louise de Chaulieu and by Renee de -Maucombe, who were reared in the convent. According to Louise de -Chaulieu, he certainly belied his name. [Letters of Two Brides.] - -BEAUVISAGE, at one time tenant of the splendid farm of Bellache, -pertaining to the Gondreville estate at Arcis-sur-Aube. The father of -Phileas Beauvisage. Died about the beginning of the nineteenth -century. [The Gondreville Mystery. The Member for Arcis.] - -BEAUVISAGE (Madame), wife of the preceding. She survived him for quite -a long period and helped her son Phileas win his success. [The Member -for Arcis.] - -BEAUVISAGE (Phileas), son of Beauvisage the farmer. Born in 1792. A -hosier at Arcis-sur-Aube during the Restoration. Mayor of the town in -1839. After a preliminary defeat he was elected deputy at the time -when Sallenauve sent in his resignation, in 1841. An ardent admirer of -Crevel whose affectations he aped. A millionaire and very vain, he -would have been able, according to Crevel, to advance Mme. Hulot, for -a consideration, the two hundred thousand francs of which that unhappy -lady stood in so dire a need about 1842. [Cousin Betty. The Member for -Arcis.] - -BEAUVISAGE (Madame), born Severine Grevin in 1795. Wife of Phileas -Beauvisage, whom she kept in complete subjugation. Daughter of Grevin -the notary of Arcis-sur-Aube, Senator Malin de Gondreville's intimate -friend. She inherited her father's marvelous faculty of discretion; -and, though diminutive in stature, reminded one forcibly, in her face -and ways, of Mlle. Mars. [The Member for Arcis.] - -BEAUVISAGE (Cecile-Renee), only daughter of Phileas Beauvisage and -Severine Grevin. Born in 1820. Her natural father was the Vicomte -Melchior de Chargeboeuf who was sub-prefect of Arcis-sur-Aube at the -commencement of the Restoration. She looked exactly like him, besides -having his aristocratic airs. [The Member for Arcis.] - -BEAUVOIR (Charles-Felix-Theodore, Chevalier de), cousin of the -Duchesse de Maille. A Chouan prisoner of the Republic in the chateau -de l'Escarpe in 1799. The hero of a tale of marital revenge related by -Lousteau, in 1836, to Mme. de la Baudraye, the story being obtained ---so the narrator said--from Charles Nodier. [The Muse of the -Department.] - -BECANIERE (La), surname of Barbette Cibot. (See that name.) - -BECKER (Edme), a student of medicine who dwelt in 1828 at number 22, -rue de la Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve--the residence of the Marquis -d'Espard. [The Commission in Lunacy.] - -BEDEAU, office boy and roustabout for Maitre Bordin, attorney to the -Chatelet in 1787. [A Start in Life.] - -BEGA, surgeon in a French regiment of the Army of Spain in 1808. After -having privately accouched a Spaniard under the espionage of her -lover, he was assassinated by her husband, who surprised him in the -telling of this clandestine operation. The foregoing adventure was -told Mme. de la Baudraye, in 1836, by the Receiver of Finances, -Gravier, former paymaster of the Army. [The Muse of the Department.] - -BEGRAND (La), a dancer at the theatre of Porte-Sainte-Martin, Paris, -in 1820.* Mariette, who made her debut at this time, also scored a -success. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -* She shone for more than sixty years as a famous choreographical - artist in the boulevards. - -BELLEFEUILLE (Mademoiselle de), assumed name of Caroline Crochard. - -BELLEJAMBE, servant of Lieutenant-Colonel Husson in 1837. [A Start in -Life.] - -BELOR (Mademoiselle de), young girl of Bordeaux living there about -1822. She was always in search of a husband, whom, for some cause or -other, she never found. Probably intimate with Evangelista. [A -Marriage Settlement.] - -BEMBONI (Monsignor), attache to the Secretary of State at Rome, who -was entrusted with the transmission to the Duc de Soria at Madrid of -the letters of Baron de Macumer his brother, a Spanish refugee at -Paris in 1823, 1824. [Letters of Two Brides.] - -BENARD (Pieri). After corresponding with a German for two years, he -discovered an engraving by Muller entitled the "Virgin of Dresden." It -was on Chinese paper and made before printing was discovered. It cost -Cesar Birotteau fifteen hundred francs. The perfumer destined this -engraving for the savant Vauquelin, to whom he was under obligations. -[Cesar Birotteau.] - -BENASSIS (Doctor), born about 1779 in a little town of Languedoc. He -received his early training at the College of Soreze, Tarn, which was -managed by the Oratorians. After that he pursued his medical studies -at Paris, residing in the Latin quarter. When twenty-two he lost his -father, who left him a large fortune; and he deserted a young girl by -whom he had had a son, in order to give himself over to the most -foolish dissipations. This young girl, who was thoroughly well meant -and devoted to him, died two years after the desertion despite the -most tender care of her now contrite lover. Later Benassis sought -marriage with another young girl belonging to a Jansenist family. At -first the affair was settled, but he was thrown over when the secret -of his past life, hitherto concealed, was made known. He then devoted -his whole life to his son, but the child died in his youth. After -wavering between suicide and the monastery of Grande-Chartreuse, -Doctor Benassis stopped by chance in the poor village of l'Isere, five -leagues from Grenoble. He remained there until he had transformed the -squalid settlement, inhabited by good-for-nothing Cretins, into the -chief place of the Canton, bustling and prosperous. Benassis died in -1829, mayor of the town. All the populace mourned the benefactor and -man of genius. [The Country Doctor.] - -BENEDETTO, an Italian living at Rome in the first third of the -nineteenth century. A tolerable musician, and a police spy, "on the -side." Ugly, small and a drunkard, he was nevertheless the lucky -husband of Luigia, whose marvelous beauty was his continual boast. -After an evening spent by him over the wine-cups, his wife in loathing -lighted a brasier of charcoal, after carefully closing all the exits -of the bedchamber. The neighbors rushing in succeeded in saving her -alone; Benedetto was dead. [The Member for Arcis.] - -BERENICE, chambermaid and cousin of Coralie the actress of the -Panorama and Gymnase Dramatique. A large Norman woman, as ugly as her -mistress was pretty, but tender and sympathetic in direct proportion -to her corpulence. She had been Coralie's childhood playmate and was -absolutely bound up in her. In October, 1822, she gave Lucien de -Rubempre, then entirely penniless, four five-franc pieces which she -undoubtedly owed to the generosity of chance lovers met on the -boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle. This sum enabled the unfortunate poet to -return to Angouleme. [Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] - -BERGERIN was the best doctor at Saumur during the Restoration. He -attended Felix Grandet in his last illness. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -BERGMANN (Monsieur and Madame), Swiss. Venerable gardeners of a -certain Comte Borromeo, tending his parks located on the two famous -isles in Lake Major. In 1823 they owned a house at Gersau, near -Quatre-Canton Lake, in the Canton of Lucerne. For a year back they had -let one floor of this house to the Prince and Princesse Gandolphini, ---personages of a novel entitled, "L'Ambitieux par Amour," published -by Albert Savarus in the Revue de l'Est, in 1834. [Albert Savarus.] - -BERNARD. (See Baron de Bourlac.) - -BERNUS, diligence messenger carrying the passengers, freight, and -perhaps, the letters of Saint-Nazaire to Guerande, during the time of -Charles X. and Louis Philippe. [Beatrix.] - -BERQUET, workman of Besancon who erected an elevated kiosk in the -garden of the Wattevilles, whence their daughter Rosalie could see -every act and movement of Albert Savarus, a near neighbor. [Albert -Savarus.] - -BERTHIER (Alexandre), marshal of the Empire, born at Versailles in -1753, dying in 1815. He wrote, as Minister of War at the close of -1799, to Hulot, then in command of the Seventy-second demi-brigade, -refusing to accept his resignation and giving him further orders. [The -Chouans.] On the evening of the battle of Jena, October 13, 1806, he -accompanied the Emperor and was present at the latter's interview with -the Marquis de Chargeboeuf and Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, special envoys -to France to implore pardon for the Simeuses, the Hauteserres, and -Michu who had been condemned as abductors of Senator Malin de -Gondreville. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -BERTHIER, Parisian notary, successor of Cardot, whose assistant -head-clerk he had been and whose daughter Felicite (or Felicie) he -married. In 1843 he was Mme. Marneffe's notary. At the same time he -had in hand the affairs of Camusot de Marville; and Sylvain Pons often -dined with him. Master Berthier drew up the marriage settlement of -Wilhelm Schwab with Emilie Graff, and the copartnership articles -between Fritz Brunner and Wilhelm Schwab. [Cousin Betty. Cousin Pons.] - -BERTHIER (Madame), nee Felicie Cardot, wife of the preceding. She had -been wronged by the chief-clerk in her father's office. This young man -died suddenly, leaving her enceinte. She then espoused the second -clerk, Berthier, in 1837, after having been on the point of accepting -Lousteau. Berthier was cognizant of all the head-clerk's doings. In -this affair both acted for a common interest. The marriage was -measurably happy. Madame Berthier was so grateful to her husband that -she made herself his slave. About the end of 1844 she welcomed very -coldly Sylvain Pons, then in disgrace in the family circle. [The Muse -of the Department. Cousin Pons.] - -BERTON, tax-collector at Arcis-sur-Aube in 1839. [The Member for -Arcis.] - -BERTON (Mademoiselle), daughter of the tax-collector of -Arcis-sur-Aube. A young, insignificant girl who acted the satellite -to Cecile Beauvisage and Ernestine Mollot. [The Member for Arcis.] - -BERTON (Doctor), physician of Paris. In 1836 he lived on rue d'Enfer -(now rue Denfert-Rochereau). An assistant in the benevolent work of -Mme. de la Chanterie, he visited the needy sick whom she pointed out. -Among others he attended Vanda de Mergi, daughter of the Baron de -Bourlac--M. Bernard. Doctor Berton was gruff and frigid. [The Seamy -Side of History.] - -BETHUNE (Prince de), the only man of fashion who knew "what a hat was" ---to quote a saying of Vital the hatter, in 1845. [The Unconscious -Humorists.] - -BEUNIER & CO., the firm Bixiou inquired after in 1845, near Mme. -Nourrisson's. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -BIANCHI. Italian. During the first Empire a captain in the sixth -regiment of the French line, which was made up almost entirely of men -of his nationality. Celebrated in his company for having bet that he -would eat the heart of a Spanish sentinel, and winning that bet. -Captain Bianchi was first to plant the French colors on the wall of -Tarragone, Spain, in the attack of 1808. But a friar killed him. [The -Maranas.] - -BIANCHON (Doctor), a physician of Sancerre, father of Horace Bianchon, -brother of Mme. Popinot, the wife of Judge Popinot. [The Commission in -Lunacy.] - -BIANCHON (Horace), a physician of Paris, celebrated during the times -of Charles X. and Louis Philippe; an officer of the Legion of Honor, -member of the Institute, professor of the Medical Faculty, -physician-in-charge, at the same time, of a hospital and the Ecole -Polytechnique. Born at Sancerre, Cher, about the end of the eighteenth -century. He was "interne" at the Cochin Hospital in 1819, at which -time he boarded at the Vauquer Pension where he knew Eugene de -Rastignac, then studying law, and Goriot and Vautrin. [Father Goriot.] -Shortly thereafter, at Hotel Dieu, he became the favored pupil of the -surgeon Desplein, whose last days he tended. [The Atheist's Mass.] -Nephew of Judge Jean-Jules Popinot and relative of Anselme Popinot, he -had dealings with the perfumer Cesar Birotteau, who acknowledged -indebtedness to him for a prescription of his famous hazelnut oil, and -who invited him to the grand ball which precipitated Birotteau's -bankruptcy. [Cesar Birotteau. The Commission in Lunacy.] Member of the -"Cenacle" in rue des Quatre-Vents, and on intimate terms with all the -young fellows composing this clique, he was consequently enabled, to -an extent, to bring Daniel d'Arthez to the notice of Rastignac, now -Under-Secretary of State. He nursed Lucien de Rubempre who was wounded -in a duel with Michel Chrestien in 1822; also Coralie, Lucien's -mistress, and Mme. Bridau in their last illnesses. [Lost Illusions. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Bachelor's Establishment. The -Secrets of a Princess.] In 1824 the young Doctor Bianchon accompanied -Desplein, who was called in to attend the dying Flamet de la -Billardiere. [The Government Clerks.] In Provins in 1828, with the -same Desplein and Dr. Martener, he gave the most assiduous attention -to Pierrette Lorrain. [Pierrette.] In this same year of 1828 he had a -momentary desire to become one of an expedition to Morea. He was then -physician to Mme. de Listomere, whose misunderstanding with Rastignac -he learned and afterwards related. [A Study of Woman.] Again in -company with Desplein, in 1829, he was called in by Mme. de Nucingen -with the object of studying the case of Baron de Nucingen, her -husband, love-sick for Esther Gobseck. In 1830, still with his -celebrated chief, he was cited by Corentin to express an opinion on -the death of Peyrade and the lunacy of Lydie his daughter. Then, with -Desplein and with Dr. Sinard, to attend Mme. de Serizy, who it was -feared would go crazy over the suicide of Lucien de Rubempre. [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life.] Associated with Desplein, at this same time, -he cared for the dying Honorine, wife of Comte de Bauvan [Honorine.], -and examined the daughter of Baron de Bourlac--M. Bernard--who was -suffering from a peculiar Polish malady, the plica. [The Seamy Side of -History.] In 1831 Horace Bianchon was the friend and physician of -Raphael de Valentin. [The Magic Skin.] In touch with the Comte de -Granville in 1833, he attended the latter's mistress, Caroline -Crochard. [A Second Home.] He also attended Mme. du Bruel, then -mistress of La Palferine, who had injured herself by falling and -striking her head against the sharp corner of a fireplace. [A Prince -of Bohemia.] In 1835 he attended Mme. Marie Gaston--Louise de Chaulieu ---though a hopeless case. [Letters of Two Brides.] In 1837 at Paris he -accouched Mme. de la Baudraye who had been intimate with Lousteau; he -was assisted by the celebrated accoucheur Duriau. [The Muse of the -Department.] In 1838 he was Comte Laginski's physician. [The Imaginary -Mistress.] In 1840 Horace Bianchon resided on rue de la -Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve, in the house where his uncle, Judge Popinot, -died, and he was asked to become one of the Municipal Council, in place -of that upright magistrate. But he declined, declaring in favor of -Thuillier. [The Middle Classes.] The physician of Baron Hulot, Crevel -and Mme. Marneffe, he observed with seven of his colleagues, the -terrible malady which carried off Valerie and her second husband in -1842. In 1843 he also visited Lisbeth Fisher in her last illness -[Cousin Betty.] Finally, in 1844, Dr. Bianchon was consulted by Dr. -Roubaud regarding Mme. Graslin at Montegnac. [The Country Parson.] -Horace Bianchon was a brilliant and inspiring conversationalist. He -gave to society the adventures known by the following titles: A Study -of Woman; Another Study of Woman; La Grande Breteche. - -BIBI-LUPIN, chief of secret police between 1819 and 1830; a former -convict. In 1819 he personally arrested at Mme. Vauquer's -boarding-house Jacques Collin, alias Vautrin, his old galley-mate and -personal enemy. Under the name of Gondureau, Bibi-Lupin had made -overtures to Mlle. Michonneau, one of Mme. Vauquer's guests, and -through her he had obtained the necessary proofs of the real identity -of Vautrin who was then without the pale of the law, but who later, -May, 1830, became his successor as chief of secret police. [Father -Goriot. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -BIDAULT (Monsieur and Madame), brother and sister-in-law of Bidault, -alias Gigonnet; father and mother of M. and Mme. Saillard, -furniture-dealers under the Central Market pillars during the latter -part of the eighteenth and perhaps the beginning of the nineteenth -centuries. [The Government Clerks.] - -BIDAULT, known as Gigonnet, born in 1755; originally an Auvergnat; -uncle of Mme. Saillard on the paternal side. A paper-merchant at one -time, retired from business since the year II of the Republic, he -opened an account with a Dutchman called Sieur Werbrust, who was a -friend of Gobseck. In business relations with the latter, he was one -of the most formidable usurers in Paris, during the Empire, the -Restoration and the first part of the July Government. He dwelt in rue -Greneta. [The Government Clerks. Gobseck.] Luigi Porta, a ranking -officer retired under Louis XVIII., sold all his back pay to Gigonnet. -[The Vendetta.] Bidault was one of the syndicate that engineered the -bankruptcy of Birotteau in 1819. At this time he persecuted Mme. -Madou, a market dealer in filberts, who was his debtor. [Cesar -Birotteau.] In 1824 he succeeded in making his grand-nephew, Isidore -Baudoyer, chief of the division under the Minister of Finance; in this -he was aided by Gobseck and Mitral, and worked on the General -Secretary, Chardin des Lupeaulx, through the medium of the latter's -debts and the fact of his being candidate for deputy. [The Government -Clerks.] Bidault was shrewd enough; he saw through--and much to his -profit--the pretended speculation involved in the third receivership -which was operated by Nucingen in 1826. [The Firm of Nucingen.] In -1833 M. du Tillet advised Nathan, then financially stranded, to apply -to Gigonnet, the object being to involve Nathan. [A Daughter of Eve.] -The nick-name of Gigonnet was applied to Bidault on account of a -feverish, involuntary contraction of a leg muscle. [The Government -Clerks.] - -BIDDIN, goldsmith, rue de l'Arbe-Sec, Paris, in 1829; one of Esther -Gobseck's creditors. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -BIFFE (La), concubine of the criminal Riganson, alias Le Biffon. This -woman, who was a sort of Jacques Collin in petticoats, evaded the -police, thanks to her disguises. She could ape the marquise, the -baronne and the comtesse to perfection. She had her own carriage and -footmen. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -BIFFON (Le), an alias of Riganson. - -BIGORNEAU, sentimental clerk of Fritot's, the shawl merchant in the -Bourse quarter, Paris, time of Louis Philippe. [Gaudissart II.] - -BIJOU (Olympe). (See Grenouville, Madame.) - -BINET, inn-keeper in the Department of l'Orne in 1809. He was -concerned in a trial which created some stir, and cast a shadow -over Mme. de la Chanterie, striking at her daughter, Mme. des -Tours-Minieres. Binet harbored some brigands known as "chauffeurs." -He was brought to trial for it and sentenced to five years' -imprisonment. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -BIROTTEAU (Jacques), a gardener hard by Chinon. He married the -chambermaid of a lady on whose estate he trimmed vines. Three boys -were born to them: Francois, Jean and Cesar. He lost his wife on the -birth of the last child (1779), and himself died shortly after. [Cesar -Birotteau.] - -BIROTTEAU (Abbe Francois), eldest son of Jacques Birotteau; born in -1766; vicar of the church of Saint-Gatien at Tours, and afterwards -cure of Saint-Symphorien in the same city. After the death of the Abbe -de la Berge, in 1817, he became confessor of Mme. de Mortsauf, -attending her last moments. [The Lily of the Valley.] His brother -Cesar, the perfumer, wrote him after his--Cesar's--business failure in -1819, asking aid. Abbe Birotteau, in a touching letter, responded with -the sum of one thousand francs which represented all his own little -hoard and, in addition, a loan obtained from Mme. de Listomere. [Cesar -Birotteau.] Accused of having inveigled Mme. de Listomere to leave him -the income of fifteen hundred francs, which she bequeathed him on her -death, Abbe Birotteau was placed under interdiction, in 1826, the -victim of the terrible hatred of the Abbe Troubert. [The Vicar of -Tours.] - -BIROTTEAU (Jean), second son of Jacques Birotteau. A captain in the -army, killed in the historic battle of La Trebia which lasted three -days, June 17-19, 1799. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -BIROTTEAU (Cesar), third son of Jacques Birotteau, born in 1779; -dealer in perfumes in Paris at number 397 rue Saint-Honore, near the -Place Vendome, in the old shop once occupied by the grocer Descoings, -who was executed with Andre Chenier in 1794. After the eighteenth -Brumaire, Cesar Birotteau succeeded Sieur Ragon, and moved the source -of the "Queen of Roses" to the above address. Among his customers were -the Georges, the La Billardieres, the Montaurans, the Bauvans, the -Longuys, the Mandas, the Berniers, the Guenics, and the Fontaines. -These relations with the militant Royalists implicated him in the plot -of the 13th Vendemaire, 1795, against the Convention; and he was -wounded, as he told over and over, "by Bonaparte on the borders of -Saint-Roche." In May, 1800, Birotteau the perfumer married -Constance-Barbe-Josephine Pillerault. By her he had an only daughter, -Cesarine, who married Anselme Popinot in 1822. Successively captain, -then chief of battalion in the National Guard and adjunct-mayor of the -eleventh arrondissement, Birotteau was appointed Chevalier of the Legion -of Honor in 1818. To celebrate his nomination in the Order, he gave a -grand ball* which, on account of the very radical changes necessitated -in his apartments, and coupled with some bad speculations, brought -about his total ruin; he filed a petition in bankruptcy the year -following. By stubborn effort and the most rigid economy, Birotteau -was able to indemnify his creditors completely, three years later -(1822). But he died soon after the formal court reinstating. He -numbered among his patrons in 1818 the following: the Duc and Duchesse -de Lenoncourt, the Princesse de Blamont-Chauvry, the Marquise -d'Espard, the two Vandenesses, Marsay, Ronquerolles, and the Marquis -d'Aiglemont. [Cesar Birotteau. A Bachelor's Establishment.] Cesar -Birotteau was likewise on friendly terms with the Guillaumes, clothing -dealers in the rue Saint-Denis. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] - -* The 17th of December was really Thursday and not Sunday, as - erroneously given. - -BIROTTEAU (Madame), born Constance-Barbe-Josephine Pillerault in 1782. -Married Cesar Birotteau in May, 1800. Previous to her marriage she was -head "saleslady" at the "Little Sailor"* novelty shop, corner of Quai -Anjou and rue des Deux Ponts, Paris. Her surviving relative and -guardian was her uncle, Claude-Joseph Pillerault. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -* This shop still exists at the same place, No. 43 Quai d'Anjou and - 40 rue des Deux-Ponts, being run by M. L. Bellevaut. - -BIROTTEAU (Cesarine). (See Popinot, Madame Anselme.) - -BIXIOU,* Parisian grocer, in rue Saint-Honore, before the Revolution -in the eighteenth century. He had a clerk called Descoings, who -married his widow. The grocer Bixiou was the grandfather of -Jean-Jacques Bixiou, the celebrated cartoonist. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -* Pronounced "Bissiou." - -BIXIOU, son of the preceding and father of Jean-Jacques Bixiou. He was -a colonel of the Twenty-first Regiment; killed at the battle of -Dresden, on the 26th or 27th of August, 1813. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -BIXIOU (Jean-Jacques), famous artist; son of Colonel Bixiou who was -killed at Dresden; grandson of Mme. Descoings, whose first husband was -the grocer Bixiou. Born in 1797, he pursued a course of study at the -Lyceum, to which he had obtained a scholarship. He had for friends -Philippe and Joseph Bridau, and Master Desroches. Later he entered the -painter Gros's studio. Then in 1819, through the influence of the Ducs -de Maufrigneuse and de Rhetore, whom he met at some dancer's, he -obtained a position with the Minister of Finance. He remained with -this administration until December, 1824, when he resigned. In this -same year he was one of the best men for Philippe Bridau, who married -Flore Brazier, known as La Rabouilleuse, the widow of J.-J. Rouget. -After this woman's death, in 1828, he was led, disguised as a priest, -to the residence of the Soulanges, where he told the comte about the -scandal connected with her death, knowingly caused by her husband; he -told, also, about the bad habits and vulgarities of Philippe Bridau, -and thus caused the breaking off of the marriage of this weather-beaten -soldier with Mlle. Amelie de Soulanges. A talented cartoonist, -distinguished practical joker, and recognized as one of the kings of -_bon mot_, he led a free and easy life. He was on speaking terms with -all the artists and all the lorettes of his day. Among others he knew -the painter, Hippolyte Schinner. He turned a pretty penny, during the -trial of De Fualdes and de Castaing, by illustrating in a fantastic -way the account of this trial. [A Bachelor's Establishment. The -Government Clerks. The Purse.] He designed some vignettes for the -writing of Canalis. [Modeste Mignon.] With Blondet, Lousteau and -Nathan he was a habitue of the house of Esther Gobseck, rue -Saint-Georges, in 1829, 1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] In a -private room of a well-known restaurant, in 1836, he wittily related -to Finot, Blondet and Couture the source of Nucingen's fortune. [The -Firm of Nucingen.] In January, 1837, his friend Lousteau had him come -especially to upbraid him, Lousteau, on account of the latter's -irregular ways with Mme. de la Baudraye, while she, concealed in an -ante-room, heard it all. This scene had been arranged beforehand; its -object was to give Lousteau a chance to declare, apparently, his -unquenchable attachment for his mistress. [The Muse of the -Department.] In 1838 he attended the house-warming of Heloise -Brisetout in rue Chauchat. In the same year he was attendant at the -marriage of Steinbock with Hortense Hulot, and of Crevel with the -widow Marneffe. [Cousin Betty.] In 1839 the sculptor -Dorlange-Sallenauve knew of Bixiou and complained of his slanders. -[The Member for Arcis.] Mme. Schontz treated him most cordially in 1838, -and he had to pass for her "special," although their relations, in fact, -did not transcend the bounds of friendship. [Beatrix.] In 1840, at the -home of Marguerite Turquet, maintained by the notary Cardot, when -Lousteau, Nathan and La Palferine were also present, he heard a story -by Desroches. [A Man of Business.] About 1844, Bixiou helped in a high -comedy relative to a Selim shawl sold by Fritot to Mistress Noswell. -Bixiou himself had purchased, in a shop with M. du Ronceret, a shawl -for Mme. Schontz. [Gaudissart II.] In 1845 Bixiou showed Paris and the -"Unconscious Humorists" to a Pyrrenean named Gazonal, in company with -Leon de Lora, a cousin of the countryman. At this time Bixiou dwelt at -number 112 rue Richelieu, sixth floor; when he had a regular position -he had lived in rue de Ponthieu. [The Unconscious Humorists.] In the -rue Richelieu period he was the lover of Heloise Brisetout. [Cousin -Pons.] - -BLAMONT-CHAUVRY (Princesse de), mother of Mme. d'Espard; aunt of the -Duchesse de Langeais; great aunt of Mme. de Mortsauf; a veritable -d'Hozier in petticoats. Her drawing-room set the fashion in Faubourg -Saint-Germain, and the sayings of this feminine Talleyrand were -listened to as oracles. Very aged at the beginning of the reign of -Louis XVIII., she was one of the most poetic relics of the reign of -Louis XV., the "Well-Beloved;" and to this nick-name--as the records -had it--she had contributed her full share. [The Thirteen.] Mme. -Firmiani was received by the princess on account of the Cadignans, to -whom she was related on her mother's side. [Madame Firmiani.] Felix de -Vandenesse was admitted to her "At Homes," on the recommendation of -Mme. de Mortsauf; nevertheless he found in this old lady a friend -whose affection had a quality almost maternal. The princess was in the -family conclave which met to consider an amorous escapade of the -Duchesse Antoinette de Langeais. [The Lily of the Valley. The -Thirteen.] - -BLANDUREAUS (The), wealthy linen merchants at Alencon, time of the -Restoration. They had an only daughter, to whom the President du -Ronceret wished to marry his son. She, however, married Joseph -Blondet, the oldest son of Judge Blondet. This marriage caused secret -hostility between the two fathers, one being the other's superior in -office. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -BLONDET, judge at Alencon in 1824; born in 1758; father of Joseph and -Emile Blondet. At the time of the Revolution he was a public -prosecutor. A botanist of note, he had a remarkable conservatory where -he cultivated geraniums only. This conservatory was visited by the -Empress Marie-Louise, who spoke of it to the Emperor and obtained for -the judge the decoration of the Legion of Honor. Following the -Victurien d'Esgrignon episode, about 1825, Judge Blondet was made an -officer in the Order and chosen councillor at the Royal Court. Here he -remained in office no longer than absolutely necessary, retreating to -his dear Alencon home. He married in 1798, at the age of forty, a -young girl of eighteen, who in consequence of this disparity was -unfaithful to him. He knew that his second son, Emile, was not his -own; he therefore cared only for the elder and sent the younger -elsewhere as soon as possible. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] About -1838 Fabien du Ronceret obtained credit in an agricultural convention -for a flower which old Blondet had given him, but which he exhibited -as a product of his own green-house. [Beatrix.] - -BLONDET (Madame), wife of the preceding; born in 1780; married in -1798. She was intimate with a prefect of Orne, who was the natural -father of Emile Blondet. Distant ties bound her to the Troisville -family, and it was to them that she sent Emile, her favored son. -Before her death, in 1818, she commended him to her old-time lover and -also to the future Madame de Montcornet, with whom he had been reared. -[Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -BLONDET (Joseph), elder son of Judge Blondet of Alencon; born in that -city about 1799. In 1824 he practiced law and aspired to become a -substitute judge. Meanwhile he succeeded his father, whose post he -filled till his death. He was one of the numerous men of ordinary -talent. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -BLONDET (Madame Joseph), nee Claire Blandureau, wife of Joseph -Blondet, whom she married when he was appointed judge at Alencon. She -was the daughter of wealthy linen dealers in the city. [Jealousies of -a Country Town.] - -BLONDET (Emile), born at Alencon about 1800; legally the younger son -of Judge Blondet, but really the son of a prefect of Orne. Tenderly -loved by his mother, but hated by Judge Blondet, who sent him, in -1818, to study law in Paris. Emile Blondet knew the noble family of -d'Esgrignon in Alencon, and for the youngest daughter of this -illustrious house he felt an esteem that was really admiration. -[Jealousies of a Country Town.] In 1821 Emile Blondet was a remarkably -handsome young fellow. He made his first appearance in the "Debats" by -a series of masterly articles which called forth from Lousteau the -remark that he was "one of the princes of criticism." [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] In 1824 he contributed to a review edited by -Finot, where he collaborated with Lucien de Rubempre and where he was -allowed full swing by his chief. Emile Blondet had the most desultory -of habits; one day he would be a boon companion, without compunction, -with those destined for slaughter on the day following. He was always -"broke" financially. In 1829, 1830, Bixiou, Lousteau, Nathan and he -were frequenters of Esther's house, rue Saint-Georges. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] A cynic was Blondet, with little regard for glory -undefiled. He won a wager that he could upset the poet Canalis, though -the latter was full of assurance. He did this by staring fixedly at -the poet's curls, his boots, or his coat-tails, while he recited -poetry or gesticulated with proper emphasis, fixed in a studied pose. -[Modeste Mignon.] He was acquainted with Mlle. des Touches, being -present at her home on one occasion, about 1830, when Henri de Marsay -told the story of his first love affair. He took part in the -conversation and depicted the "typical woman" to Comte Adam Laginski. -[Another Study of Woman.] In 1832 he was a guest at Mme. d'Espard's, -where he met his childish flame, Mme. de Montcornet, also the -Princesse de Cadignan, Lady Dudley, d'Arthez, Nathan, Rastignac, the -Marquis d'Ajuda-Pinto, Maxime de Trailles, the Marquis d'Esgrignon, -the two Vandenesses, du Tillet, the Baron Nucingen and the Chevalier -d'Espard, brother-in-law of the marquise. [The Secrets of a Princess.] -About 1833 Blondet presented Nathan to Mme. de Montcornet, at whose -home the young Countess Felix de Vandenesse made the acquaintance of -the poet and was much smitten with him for some time. [A Daughter of -Eve.] In 1836 he and Finot and Couture chimed in on the narrative of -the rise of Nucingen, told with much zest by Bixiou in a private room -of a famous restaurant. [The Firm of Nucingen.] Eight or ten years -prior to February, 1848, Emile Blondet, on the brink of suicide, -witnessed an entire transition in his affairs. He was chosen a -prefect, and he married the wealthy widow of Comte de Montcornet, who -offered him her hand when she became free. They had known and loved -each other since childhood. [The Peasantry.] - -BLONDET (Virginie), wife by second marriage of Emile Blondet; born in -1797; daughter of the Vicomte de Troisville; granddaughter of the -Russian Princesse Scherbelloff. She was brought up at Alencon, with -her future husband. In 1819 she married the General de Montcornet. -Twenty years later, a widow, she married the friend of her youth, who -this long time had been her lover. [Jealousies of a Country Town. The -Secrets of a Princess. The Peasantry.] She and Mme. d'Espard tried to -convert Lucien de Rubempre to the monarchical side in 1821. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] She was present at Mlle. des -Touches', about 1830, when Marsay told about his first love, and she -joined in the conversation. [Another Study of Woman.] She received a -rather mixed set, from an aristocratic standpoint, but here might be -found the stars of finance, art and literature. [The Member for -Arcis.] Mme. Felix de Vandenesse saw Nathan the poet for the first -time and noticed him particularly at Mme. de Montcornet's, in 1834, -1835. [A Daughter of Eve.] Mme. Emile Blondet, then Madame la Generale -de Montcornet, passed the summer and autumn of 1823 in Burgundy, at -her beautiful estate of Aigues, where she lived a burdened and -troubled life among the many and varied types of peasantry. Remarried, -and now the wife of a prefect, eight years or so before February, -1848, time of Louis Philippe, she visited her former properties. [The -Peasantry.] - -BLUTEAU (Pierre), assumed name of Genestas. [The Country Doctor.] - -BOCQUILLON, an acquaintance of Mme. Etienne Gruget. In 1820, rue des -Enfants-Rouges, Paris, she mistook for him the stock-broker, Jules -Desmarets, who was entering her door. [The Thirteen.] - -BOGSECK (Madame van), name bestowed by Jacques Collin on Esther van -Gobseck when, in 1825, he gave her, transformed morally and -intellectually, to Lucien de Rubempre, in an elegant flat on rue -Taitbout. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -BOIROUGE, president of the Sancerre Court at the time when the Baronne -de la Baudraye held social sway over that city. Through his wife, he -was related to the Popinot-Chandiers, to Judge Popinot of Paris, and -to Anselme Popinot. He was hereditary owner of a house which he did -not need, and which he very gladly leased to the baronne for the -purpose of starting a literary society that, however, degenerated very -soon into an ordinary clique. Actuated by jealousy, President Boirouge -was one of the principals in the defeat of Procureur Clagny for -deputy. He was reputed to be unchaste at repartee. [The Muse of the -Department.] - -BOIROUGE (Madame), nee Popinot-Chandier, wife of President Boirouge; -stood well among the middle-class of Sancerre. After having been -leader in the opposition to Mme. de la Baudraye for nine years, she -induced her son Gatien to attend the Baudraye receptions, persuading -herself that he would soon make his way. Profiting by the visit of -Bianchon to Sancerre, Mme. Boirouge obtained of the famous physician, -her relative, a gratuitous consultation by giving him full particulars -regarding some pretended nervous trouble of the stomach, in which -complaint he recognized a periodic dyspepsia. [The Muse of the -Department.] - -BOIROUGE (Gatien), son of President Boirouge; born in 1814; the junior -"patito" of Mme. de la Baudraye, who employed him in all sorts of -small ways. Gatien Boirouge was made game of by Lousteau, to whom he -had confessed his love for that masterful woman. [The Muse of the -Department.] - -BOISFRANC (De), procureur-general, then first president of a royal -court under the Restoration. (See Dubut.) - -BOISFRANC (Dubut de), president of the Aides court under the old -regime; brother of Dubut de Boisfrelon and of Dubut de Boislaurier. -[The Seamy Side of History.] - -BOISFRELON (Dubut de), brother of Dubut de Boisfranc and of Dubut de -Boislaurier; at one time councillor in Parliament; born in 1736; died -in 1832 in the home of his niece, the Baronne de la Chanterie. -Godefroid succeeded him. M. de Boisfrelon had been one of the -"Brotherhood of Consolation." He was married, but his wife probably -died before him. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -BOISLAURIER (Dubut de), junior brother of Dubut de Boisfranc and of -Dubut de Boisfrelon. Commander-in-chief of the Western Rebellion in -1808-1809, and designated then by the surname of Augustus. With -Rifoel, Chevalier du Vissard, he plotted the organization of the -"Chauffeurs" of Mortagne. Then, in the trial of the "brigands," he was -condemned to death by default. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -BOIS-LEVANT, chief of division under the Minister of Finance in 1824, -at the time when Xavier Rabourdin and Isidore Baudoyer contested the -succession of office in another division, that of F. de la -Billardiere. [The Government Clerks.] - -BOLESLAS, Polish servant of the Comte and Comtesse Laginski, in rue de -la Pepiniere, Paris, between 1835 and 1842. [The Imaginary Mistress.] - -BONAMY (Ida), aunt of Mlle. Antonia Chocardelle. At the time of Louis -Philippe, she conducted, on rue Coquenard (since 1848 rue Lamartine), -"just a step or two from rue Pigalle," a reading-room given to her -niece by Maxime de Trailles. [A Man of Business.] - -BONAPARTE (Napoleon), Emperor of the French; born at Ajaccio, August -15, 1768, or 1769, according to varying accounts; died at St. Helena -May 5, 1821. As First Consul in 1800 he received at the Tuileries the -Corsican, Bartholomeo di Piombo, and disentangled his countryman from -the latter's implication in a vendetta. [The Vendetta.] On the evening -of the battle of Jena, October 13, 1806, he was met on that ground by -Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, who had come post haste from France, and to -whom he accorded pardon for the Simeuses and the Hauteserres, -compromised in the abduction of Senator Malin de Gondreville. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] Napoleon Bonaparte was strongly concerned in the -welfare of his lieutenant, Hyacinthe Chabert, during the battle of -Eylau. [Colonel Chabert.] In November, 1809, he was to have attended a -grand ball given by Senator Malin de Gondreville; but he was detained -at the Tuileries by a scene--noised abroad that same evening--between -Josephine and himself, a scene which disclosed their impending -divorce. [Peace in the House.] He condoned the infamous conduct of the -police officer Contenson. [The Seamy Side of History.] In April, 1813, -during a dress-parade on the Place du Carrousel, Paris, Napoleon -noticed Mlle. de Chatillonest, who had come with her father to see the -handsome Colonel d'Aiglemont, and leaning towards Duroc he made a -brief remark which made the Grand Marshal smile. [A Woman of Thirty.] - -BONAPARTE (Lucien), brother of Napoleon Bonaparte; born in 1775; died -in 1840. In June, 1800, he went to the house of Talleyrand, the -Foreign Minister, and there announced to him and also to Fouche, -Sieyes and Carnot, the victory of his brother at Montebello. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] In the month of October of the same year he was -encountered by his countryman, Bartholomeo di Piombo, whom he -introduced to the First Consul; he also gave his purse to the Corsican -and afterwards contributed towards relieving his difficulties. [The -Vendetta.] - -BONFALOT, or BONVALOT (Madame), an aged relative of F. du Bruel at -Paris. La Palferine first met Mme. du Bruel in 1834 on the boulevard, -and boldly followed her all the way to Mme. de Bonfalot's, where she -was calling. [A Prince of Bohemia.] - -BONFONS (Cruchot de), nephew of Cruchot the notary and Abbe Cruchot; -born in 1786; president of the Court of First Instance of Saumur in -1819. The Cruchot trio backed by a goodly number of cousins and allied -to twenty families in the city, formed a party similar to that of the -olden-time Medicis at Florence; and also, like the Medicis, the -Cruchots had their Pazzis in the persons of the Grassins. The prize -contested for between the Cruchots and the Grassins was the hand of -the rich heiress, Eugenie Grandet. In 1827, after nine years of suing, -the President Cruchot de Bonfons married the young woman, now left an -orphan. Previous to this he had been commissioned by her to settle in -full, both principal and interest, with the creditors of Charles -Grandet's father. Six months after his marriage, Bonfons was elected -councillor to the Royal Court of Angers. Then after some years -signalized by devoted service he became first president. Finally -chosen deputy for Saumur in 1832, he died within a week, leaving his -widow in possession of an immense fortune, still further augmented by -the bequests of the Abbe and the notary Cruchot. Bonfons was the name -of an estate of the magistrate. He married Eugenie only through -cupidity. He looked like "a big, rusty nail." [Eugenie Grandet.] - -BONFONS (Eugenie Cruchot de), only daughter of M. and Mme. Felix -Grandet; born at Saumur in 1796. Strictly reared by a mother gentle -and devout, and by a father hard and avaricious. The single bright ray -across her life was an absolutely platonic love for her cousin Charles -Grandet. But, once away from her, this young man was forgetful of her; -and, on his return from the Indies in 1827, a rich man, he married the -young daughter of a nobleman. Upon this occurrence, Eugenie Grandet, -now an orphan, settled in full with the creditors of Charles' father, -and then bestowed her hand upon the President Cruchot de Bonfons, who -had paid her court for nine years. At the age of thirty-six she was -left a widow without having ceased to be a virgin, following her -expressed wish. Sadly she secluded herself in the gloomy home of her -childhood at Saumur, where she devoted the rest of her life to works -of benevolence and charity. After her father's death, Eugenie was -often alluded to, by the Cruchot faction, as Mlle. de Froidfond, from -the name of one of her holdings. In 1832 an effort was made to induce -Mme. de Bonfons to wed with Marquis de Froidfond, a bankrupt widower -of fifty odd years and possessed of numerous progeny. [Eugenie -Grandet.] - -BONGRAND, born in 1769; first an advocate at Melun, then justice of -the peace at Nemours from 1814 to 1837. He was a friend of Doctor -Mirouet's and helped educate Ursule Mirouet, protecting her to the -best of his ability after the death of the old physician, and aiding -in the restitution of her fortune which Minoret-Levrault had impaired -by the theft of the doctor's will. M. Bongrand had wanted to make a -match between Ursule Mirouet and his son, but she loved Savinien de -Portenduere. The justice of the peace became president of the court at -Melun, after the marriage of the young lady with Savinien. [Ursule -Mirouet.] - -BONGRAND (Eugene), son of Bongrand the justice of the peace. He -studied law at Paris under Derville the attorney, this constituting -all his course. He became public prosecutor at Melun after the -Revolution of 1830, and general prosecutor in 1837. Failing in his -love suit with Ursule Mirouet, he probably married the daughter of M. -Levrault, former mayor of Nemours. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -BONNAC, a rather handsome young fellow, who was head clerk for the -notary Lupin at Soulanges in 1823. His accomplishments were his only -dowry. He was loved in platonic fashion by his employer's wife, Mme. -Lupin, otherwise known as Bebelle, a fat ridiculous female without -education. [The Peasantry.] - -BONNEBAULT, retired cavalry soldier, the Lovelace of the village of -Blangy, Burgundy, and its suburbs in 1823. Bonnebault was the lover of -Marie Tonsard who was perfectly foolish about him. He had still other -"good friends" and lived at their expense. Their generosity did not -suffice for his dissipations, his cafe bills and his unbridled taste -for billiards. He dreamed of marrying Aglae Socquard, only daughter of -Pere Socquard, proprietor of the "Cafe de la Paix" at Soulanges. -Bonnebault obtained three thousand francs from General de Montcornet -by coming to him to confess voluntarily that he had been commissioned -to kill him for this price. The revelation, with other things, lead -the general to weary of his fierce struggle with the peasantry, and to -put up for sale his property at Aigues, which became the prey of -Gaubertin, Rigou and Soudry. Bonnebault was squint-eyed and his -physical appearance did not belie his depravity. [The Peasantry.] - -BONNEBAULT (Mere), grandmother of Bonnebault the veteran. In 1823, at -Conches, Burgandy, where she lived, she owned a cow which she did not -hesitate to pasture in the fields belonging to General de Montcornet. -The numerous depredations of the old woman, added to convictions for -many similar offences, caused the general to decide to confiscate the -cow. [The Peasantry.] - -BONNET (Abbe), Cure of Montegnac near Limoges from 1814 on. In this -capacity, he assisted at the public confession of his penitent, Mme. -Graslin, in the summer of 1844. Upon leaving the seminary of -Saint-Sulpice, Paris, he was sent to this village of Montegnac, which -he never after wished to leave. Here, sometimes unaided, sometimes -with the help of Mme. Graslin, he toiled for a material and moral -betterment, bringing about an entire regeneration of a wretched -country. It was he who brought the outlawed Tascheron back into the -Church, and who accompanied him to the very foot of the scaffold, with -a devotion which caused his own very sensitive nature much cringing. -Born in 1788, he had embraced the ecclesiastical calling through -choice, and all his studies had been to that end. He belonged to a -family of more than easy circumstancaes. His father was a self-made -man, stern and unyielding. Abbe Bonnet had an older brother, and a -sister whom he counseled with his mother to marry as soon as possible, -in order to release the young woman from the terrible paternal yoke. -[The Country Parson.] - -BONNET, older brother of Abbe Bonnet, who enlisted as a private about -the beginning of the Empire. He became a general in 1813; fell at -Leipsic. [The Country Parson.] - -BONNET (Germain), _valet de chambre_ of Canalis in 1829, at the time -when the poet went to Havre to contest the hand of Modeste Mignon. A -servant full of _finesse_ and irreproachable in appearance, he was of -the greatest service to his master. He courted Philoxene Jacmin, -chambermaid of Mme. de Chaulieu. Here the pantry imitated the parlor, -for the academician's mistress was the great lady herself. [Modest -Mignon.] - -BONTEMS, a country landowner in the neighborhood of Bayeux, who -feathered his nest well during the Revolution, by purchasing -government confiscations at his own terms. He was pronounced "red -cap," and became president of his district. His daughter, Angelique -Bontems, married Granville during the Empire; but at this time Bontems -was dead. [A Second Home.] - -BONTEMS (Madame), wife of the preceding; outwardly pious, inwardly -vain; mother of Angelique Bontems, whom she had reared in much the -same attitude, and whose marriage with a Granville was, in -consequence, so unhappy. [A Second Home.] - -BONTEMS (Angelique). (See Granville, Madame de.) - -BORAIN (Mademoiselle), the most stylish costumer in Provins, at the -time of Charles X. She was commissioned by the Rogrons to make a -complete wardrobe for Pierrette Lorrain, when that young girl was sent -them from Brittany. [Pierrette.] - -BORDEVIN (Madame), Parisian butcher in rue Charlot, at the time when -Sylvain Pons dwelt hard by in rue de Normandie. Mme. Bordevin was -related to Mme. Sabatier. [Cousin Pons.] - -BORDIN, procureur at the Chatelet before the Revolution; then advocate -of the Court of First Instance of the Seine, under the Empire. In 1798 -he instructed and advised with M. Alain, a creditor of Monegod's. Both -had been clerks at the procureur's. In 1806, the Marquis de -Chargeboeuf went to Paris to hunt for Master Bordin, who defended the -Simeuses before the Criminal Court of Troyes in the trial regarding -the abduction and sequestration of Senator Malin. In 1809 he also -defended Henriette Bryond des Tours-Minieres, nee La Chanterie, in the -trial docketed as the "Chauffeurs of Mortagne." [The Gondreville -Mystery. The Seamy Side of History.] In 1816 Bordin was consulted by -Mme. d'Espard regarding her husband. [The Commission in Lunacy.] -During the Restoration a banker at Alencon made quarterly payments of -one hundred and fifty livres to the Chevalier de Valois through the -Parisian medium of Bordin. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] For ten -years Bordin represented the nobility. Derville succeeded him. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] - -BORDIN (Jerome-Sebastien), was also procureur at the Chatelet, and, in -1806, advocate of the Seine Court. He succeeded Master Guerbet, and -sold his practice to Sauvagnest, who disposed of it to Desroches. [A -Start in Life.] - -BORN (Comte de), brother of the Vicomtesse de Grandlieu. In the winter -of 1829-1830, he is discovered at the home of his sister, taking part -in a conversation in which the advocate Derville related the marital -infelicities of M. de Restaud, and the story of his will and his -death. The Comte de Born seized the chance to exploit the character of -Maxime de Trailles, the lover of Mme. de Restaud. [Gobseck.] - -BORNICHE, son-in-law of M. Hochon, the old miser of Issoudun. He died -of chagrin at business failures, and at not having received any -assistance from his father or mother. His wife preceded him but a -short time to the tomb. They left a son and a daughter, Baruch and -Adolphine, who were brought up by their maternal grandfather, with -Francois Hochon, another grandchild of the goodman's. Borniche was -probably a Calvinist. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -BORNICHE (Monsieur and Madame), father and mother of the preceding. -They were still living in 1823, when their son and their -daughter-in-law had been deceased some time. In April of this year, -old Mme. Borniche and her friend Mme. Hochon, who ruled socially in -Issoudun, assisted at the wedding of La Rabouilleuse with -Jean-Jacques Rouget. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -BORNICHE (Baruch), grandson of the preceding, and of M. and Mme. -Hochon. Born in 1800. Early left an orphan, he and his sister were -reared by his grandfather on the maternal side. He had been one of the -accomplices of Maxence Gilet, and took part in the nocturnal raids of -the "Knights of Idlesse." When his conduct became known to his -grandfather, in 1822, the latter lost no time in removing him from -Issoudun, sending him to Monegod's office, Paris, to study law. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] - -BORNICHE (Adolphine), sister of Baruch Borniche; born in 1804. Brought -up almost a recluse in the frigid, dreary house of her grandfather, -Hochon, she spent most of her time peering through the windows, in the -hope of discovering some of the terrible things which--as Dame Rumor -had it--occurred in the home of Jean-Jacques Rouget, next door. She -likewise awaited with some impatience the arrival of Joseph Bridau in -Issoudun, wishing to inspire some sentiment in him, and taking the -liveliest interest in the painter, on account of the monstrosities -which were attributed to him because of his being an artist. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] - -BOUCARD, head-clerk of the attorney Derville in 1818, at the time when -Colonel Chabert sought to recover his rights with his wife who had -been remarried to Comte Ferraud. [Colonel Chabert.] - -BOUCHER, Besancon merchant in 1834, who was the first client of Albert -Savarus in that city. He assumed financial control of the "Revue de -l'Est," founded by the lawyer. M. Boucher was related by marriage to -one of the ablest editors of great theological works. [Albert -Savarus.] - -BOUCHER (Alfred), eldest son of the preceding. Born in 1812. A youth, -eager for literary fame, whom Albert Savarus put on the staff of his -"Revue de l'Est," giving him his themes and subjects. Alfred Boucher -conceived a strong admiration for the managing editor, who treated him -as a friend. The first number of the "Revue" contained a "Meditation" -by Alfred. This Alfred Boucher believed he was exploiting Savarus, -whereas the contrary was the case. [Albert Savarus.] - -BOUFFE (Marie), alias Vignol, actor born in Paris, September 4, 1800. -He appeared about 1822 at the Panorama-Dramatique theatre, on the -Boulevard du Temple, Paris, playing the part of the Alcade in a -three-act imbroglio by Raoul Nathan and Du Bruel entitled "L'Alcade -dans l'embarras." At the first night performance he announced that the -authors were Raoul and Cursy. Although very young at the time, this -artist made his first great success in this role, and revealed his -talent for depicting an old man. The critique of Lucien de Rubempre -established his position. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -BOUGIVAL (La). (See Cabirolle, Madame.) - -BOUGNIOL (Mesdemoiselles), proprietors of an inn at Guerande -(Loire-Inferieure), at the time of Louis Philippe. They had as guests -some artist friends of Felicite des Touches--Camille Maupin--who had -come from Paris to see her. [Beatrix.] - -BOURBONNE (De), wealthy resident of Tours, time of Louis XVIII. and -Charles X. An uncle of Octave de Camps. In 1824 he visited Paris to -ascertain the cause of the ruin of his nephew and sole heir, which -ruin was generally credited to dissipations with Mme. Firmiani. M. de -Bourbonne, a retired musketeer in easy circumstances, was well -connected. He had entry into the Faubourg Saint-Germain through the -Listomeres, the Lenoncourts and the Vandenesses. He caused himself to -be presented at Mme. Firmiani's as M. de Rouxellay, the name of his -estate. The advice of Bourbonne, which was marked by much -perspicacity, if followed, would have extricated Francois Birotteau -from Troubert's clutches; for the uncle of M. de Camps fathomed the -plottings of the future Bishop of Troyes. Bourbonne saw a great deal -more than did the Listomeres of Tours. [Madame Firmiani. The Vicar of -Tours.] - -BOURDET (Benjamin), old soldier of the Empire, formerly serving under -Philippe Bridau's command. He lived quietly in the suburbs of Vatan, -in touch with Fario. In 1822 he placed himself at the entire disposal -of the Spaniard, and also of the officer who previously had put him -under obligations. Secretly he served them in their hatred of and -plots against Maxence Gilet. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -BOURGEAT, foundling of Saint-Flour. Parisian water-carrier about the -end of the eighteenth century. The friend and protector of the young -Desplein, the future famous surgeon. He lived in rue Quatre-Vents in -an humble house rendered doubly famous by the sojourn of Desplein and -by that of Daniel d'Arthez. A fervent Churchman of unswerving faith. -The future famous savant (Desplein) watched by his bedside at the last -and closed his eyes. [The Atheist's Mass.] - -BOURGET, uncle of the Chaussard brothers. An old man who became -implicated in the trial of the Chauffeurs of Mortagne in 1809. He died -during the taking of the testimony, while making some confessions. His -wife, also apprehended, appeared before the court and was sentenced to -twenty-two years' imprisonment. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -BOURGNEUFS (The), a family ruined by the De Camps and living in -poverty and seclusion at Saint-Germain en Laye, during the early part -of the nineteenth centruy. This family consisted of: the aged father, -who ran a lottery-office; the mother, almost always sick; and two -delightful daughters, who took care of the home and attended to the -correspondence. The Bourgneufs were rescued from their troubles by -Octave de Camps who, prompted by Mme. Firmiani, and at the cost of his -entire property, restored to them the fortune made away with by his -father. [Madame Firmiani.] - -BOURGNIER (Du). (See Bousquier, Du.) - -BOURIGNARD (Gratien-Henri-Victor-Jean-Joseph), father of Mme. Jules -Desmarets. One of the "Thirteen" and the former chief of the Order of -the Devorants under the title of Ferragus XXIII. He had been a -laborer, but afterwards was a contractor of buildings. His daughter -was born to an abandoned woman. About 1807 he was sentenced to twenty -years of hard labor, but he managed to escape during a journey of the -chain-gang from Paris to Toulon, and he returned to Paris. In 1820 he -lived there under diverse names and disguises, lodging successively on -rue des Vieux Augustins (now rue d'Argout), corner of rue Soly (an -insignificant street which disappeared when the Hotel des Postes was -rebuilt); then at number seven rue Joquelet; finally at Mme. E. -Gruget's, number twelve rue des Enfants-Rouges (now part of the rue -des Archives running from rue Pastourelle to rue Portefoin), changing -lodgings at this time to evade the investigations of Auguste de -Maulincour. Stunned by the death of his daughter, whom he adored and -with whom he held secret interviews to prevent her becoming amenable -to the law, he passed his last days in an indifferent, almost idiotic -way, idly watching match games at bowling on the Place de -l'Observatoire; the ground between the Luxembourg and the Boulevard de -Montparnasse was the scene of these games. One of the assumed names of -Bourignard was the Comte de Funcal. In 1815, Bourignard, alias -Ferragus, assisted Henri de Marsay, another member of the "Thirteen," -in his raid on Hotel San-Real, where dwelt Paquita Valdes. [The -Thirteen.] - -BOURLAC (Bernard-Jean-Baptiste-Macloud, Baron de), former -procureur-general of the Royal Court of Rouen, grand officer of the -Legion of Honor. Born in 1771. He fell in love with and married the -daughter of the Pole, Tarlowski, a colonel in the French Imperial Guard. -By her he had a daughter, Vanda, who became the Baronne de Mergi. A -widower and reserved by nature, he came to Paris in 1829 to take care -of Vanda, who was seized by a strange and very dangerous malady. After -having lived in the Quartier du Roule in 1838, with his daughter and -grandson, he dwelt for several years, in very straitened circumstances, -in a tumble-down house on the Boulevard du Montparnasse, where -Godefroid, a recent initiate into the "Brotherhood of the Consolation" -and under the direction of Mme. de la Chanterie and her associates, -came to his relief. Afterwards it was discovered that the Baron de -Bourlac was none other than the terrible magistrate who had pronounced -judgment on this noble woman and her daughter during the trial of the -Chauffeurs of Mortagne in 1809. Nevertheless, the aiding of the family -was not abated in the least. Vanda was cured, thanks to a foreign -physician, Halpersohn, procured by Godefroid. M. de Bourlac was -enabled to publish his great work on the "Spirit of Modern Law." At -Sorbonne a chair of comparative legislation was created for him. At -last he obtained forgiveness from Mme. de la Chanterie, at whose feet -he flung himself. [The Seamy Side of History.] In 1817 the Baron de -Bourlac, then procureur-general, and superior of Soudry the younger, -royal procureur, helped, with the assistance also of the latter, to -secure for Sibilet the position of estate-keeper to the General de -Montcornet at Aigues. [The Peasantry.] - -BOURNIER, natural son of Gaubertin and of Mme. Socquard, the wife of -the cafe manager of Soulanges. His existence was unknown to Mme. -Gaubertin. He was sent to Paris where, under Leclercq, he learned the -printer's trade and finally became a foreman. Gaubertin then brought -him to Ville-aux-Fayes where he established a printing office and a -paper known as "Le Courrier de l'Avonne", entirely devoted to the -interests of the triumvirate, Rigou, Gaubertin and Soudry. [The -Peasantry.] - -BOSQUIER (Du), or Croisier (Du), or Bourguier (Du), a descendant of an -old Alencon family. Born about 1760. He had been commissary agent in -the army from 1793 to 1799; had done business with Ouvrard, and kept a -running account with Barras, Bernadotte and Fouche. He was at that -time one of the great folk of finance. Discharged by Bonaparte in -1800, he withdrew to his natal town. After selling the Beauseant -house, which he owned, for the benefit of his creditors, he had -remaining an income of not more than twelve hundred francs. About 1816 -he married Mlle. Cormon, a spinster who had been courted also by the -Chevalier de Valois and Athanase Granson. This marriage set him on his -feet again financially. He took the lead in the party of the -opposition, established a Liberal paper called "Le Courrier de -l'Orne," and was elected Receiver-General of the Exchequer, after the -Revolution of 1830. He waged bitter war on the white flag Royalists, -his hatred of them causing him secretly to condone the excesses of -Victurnien d'Esgrignon, until the latter involved him in an affair, -when Bousquier had him arrested, thinking thus to dispose of him -summarily. The affair was smoothed over only by tremendous pressure. -But the young nobleman provoked Du Bousquier into a duel where the -latter dangerously wounded him. Afterwards Bousquier gave him in -marriage the hand of his niece, Mlle. Duval, dowered with three -millions. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] Probably he was the father -of Flavie Minoret, the daughter of a celebrated Opera danseuse. But he -never acknowledged this child, and she was dowered by Princesse -Galathionne and married Colleville. [The Middle Classes.] - -BOSQUIER (Madame du), born Cormon (Rose-Marie-Victoire) in 1773. She -was a very wealthy heiress, living with her maternal uncle, the Abbe -de Sponde, in an old house of Alencon (rue du Val-Noble), and -receiving, in 1816, the aristocracy of the town, with which she was -related through marriage. Courted simultaneously by Athanase Granson, -the Chevalier de Valois and Du Bousquier, she gave her hand to the old -commissariat, whose athletic figure and _passe_ libertinism had -impressed her vaguely. But her secret desires were utterly dashed by -him; she confessed later that she couldn't endure the idea of dying a -maid. Mme. du Bousquier was very devout. She was descended from the -stewards of the ancient Ducs d'Alencon. In this same year of 1816, she -hoped in vain to wed a Troisville, but he was already married. She -found it difficult to brook the state of hostility declared between M. -du Bousquier and the Esgrignons. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -BOUTIN, at one time sergeant in the cavalry regiment of which Chabert -was colonel. He lived at Stuttgart in 1814, exhibiting white bears -very well trained by him. In this city he encountered his former -ranking officer, shorn of all his possessions, and just emerging from -an insane asylum. Boutin aided him as best he could and took it upon -himself to go to Paris and inform Mme. Chabert of her husband's -whereabouts. But Boutin fell on the field of Waterloo, and could -hardly have accomplished his mission. [Colonel Chabert.] - -BOUVARD (Doctor), physician of Paris, born about 1758. A friend of Dr. -Minoret, with whom he had some lively tilts about Mesmer. He had -adopted that system, while Minoret gainsaid the truth thereof. These -discussions ended in an estrangement, for some time, between the two -cronies. Finally, in 1829, Bouvard wrote Minoret asking him to come to -Paris to assist in some conclusive tests of magnetism. As a result of -these tests, Dr. Minoret, materialist and atheist that he was, became -a devout Spiritualist and Catholic. In 1829 Dr. Bouvard lived on rue -Ferou. [Ursule Mirouet.] He had been as a father to Dr. Lebrun, -physician of the Conciergerie in 1830, who, according to his own -avowal, owed to him his position, since he often drew from his master -his own ideas regarding nervous energy. [Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] - -BOUYONNET, a lawyer at Mantes, under Louis Philippe, who, urged by his -confreres and stimulated by the public prosecutor, "showed up" -Fraisier, another lawyer in the town, who had been retained in a suit -for both parties at once. The result of this denunciation was to make -Fraisier sell his office and leave Mantes. [Cousin Pons.] - -BRAMBOURG (Comte de), title of Philippe Bridau to which his brother -Joseph succeeded. [A Bachelor's Establishment. The Unconscious -Humorists.] - -BRANDON (Lady Marie-Augusta), mother of Louis and Marie Gaston, -children born out of wedlock. Together with the Vicomtesse de -Beauseant she assisted, in company with Colonel Franchessini, probably -her lover, at the famous ball on the morning following which the duped -mistress of D'Ajuda-Pinto secretly left Paris. [The Member for Arcis.] -In 1820, while living with her two children in seclusion at La -Grenadiere, in the neighborhood of Tours, she saw Felix de Vandenesse, -at the time when Mme. de Mortsauf died, and charged him with a -pressing message to Lady Arabelle Dudley. [The Lily of the Valley.] -She died, aged thirty-six, during the Restoration, in the house at La -Grenadiere, and was buried in the Saint-Cyr Cemetery. Her husband, -Lord Brandon, who had abandoned her, lived in London, Brandon Square, -Hyde Park, at this time. In Touraine Lady Brandon was known only by -the assumed name of Mme. Willemsens. [La Grenadiere.] - -BRASCHON, upholsterer and cabinet-maker in the Faubourg Saint-Antoine, -famous under the Restoration. He did a considerable amount of work for -Cesar Birotteau and figured among the creditors in his bankruptcy. -[Cesar Birotteau. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -BRAULARD, born in 1782. The head _claquer_ at the theatre of the -Panorama-Dramatique, and then at the Gymnase, about 1822. The lover of -Mlle. Millot. At this time he lived in rue Faubourg du Temple, in a -rather comfortable flat where he gave fine dinners to actresses, -managing editors and authors--among others, Adele Dupuis, Finot, -Ducange and Frederic du Petit-Mere. He was credited with having gained -an income of twenty thousand francs by discounting authors' and other -complimentary tickets. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] When -chief _claquer_, about 1843, he had in his following Chardin, alias -Idamore [Cousin Betty], and commanded his "Romans" at the Boulevard -theatre, which presented operas, spectaculars and ballets at popular -prices, and was run by Felix Gaudissart. [Cousin Pons.] - -BRAZIER, this family included the following: A peasant of Vatan -(Indre), the paternal uncle and guardian of Mlle. Flore Brazier, known -as "La Rabouilleuse." In 1799 he placed her in the house of Dr. Rouget -on very satisfactory conditions for himself, Brazier. Rendered -comparatively rich by the doctor, he died two years before the latter, -in 1805, from a fall received on leaving an inn where he spent his -time after becoming well-to-do. His wife, who was a very harsh aunt of -Flore's. Lastly the brother and brother-in-law of this girl's -guardians, the real father of "La Rabouilleuse," who died in 1799, a -demented widower, in the hospital of Bourges. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -BRAZIER (Flore). (See Bridau, Madame Philippe.) - -BREAUTEY (Comtesse de), a venerable woman of Provins, who maintained -the only aristocratic salon in that city, in 1827-1828. [Pierrette.] - -BREBIAN (Alexandre de), member of the Angouleme aristocracy in 1821. -He frequented the Bargeton receptions. An artist like his friend -Bartas, he also was daft over drawing and would ruin every album in -the department with his grotesque productions. He posed as Mme. de -Bartas' lover, since Bartas paid court to Mme. de Brebian. [Lost -Illusions.] - -BREBIAN (Charlotte de), wife of the preceding. Currently called -"Lolotte." [Lost Illusions.] - -BREINTMAYER, a banking house of Strasbourg, entrusted by Michu in 1803 -with the transmission of funds to the De Simeuses, young officers of -the army of Conde. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -BREZACS (The), Auvergnats, dealers in general merchandise and the -furnishings of chateaux during the Revolution, the Empire and the -Restoration. They had business dealings with Pierre Graslin, -Jean-Baptiste Sauviat and Martin Falleix. [The Country Parson. The -Government Clerks.] - -BRIDAU, father of Philippe and Joseph Bridau; one of the secretaries -of Roland, Minister of the Interior in 1792, and the right arm of -succeeding ministers. He was attached fanatically to Napoleon, who -could appreciate him, and who made him chief of division in 1804. He -died in 1808, at the moment when he had been promised the offices of -director general and councillor of state with the title of comte. He -first met Agathe Rouget, whom he made his wife, at the home of the -grocer Descoings, the man whom he tried to save from the scaffold. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] - -BRIDAU (Agathe Rouget, Madame), wife of the preceding; born in 1773. -Legal daughter of Dr. Rouget of Issoudun, but possibly the natural -daughter of Sub-delegate Lousteau. The doctor did not waste any -affection upon her, and lost no time in sending her to Paris, where -she was reared by her uncle, the grocer Descoings. She died at the -close of 1828. Of her two sons, Philippe and Joseph, Mme. Bridau -always preferred the elder, though he caused her nothing but grief. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] - -BRIDAU (Philippe), elder son of Bridau and Agathe Rouget. Born in -1796. Placed in the Saint-Cyr school in 1813, he remained but six -months, leaving it to become under-lieutenant of the cavalry. On -account of a skirmish of the advance guard he was made full -lieutenant, during the French campaign, then captain after the battle -of La Fere-Champenoise, where Napoleon made him artillery officer. He -was decorated at Montereau. After witnessing the farewell at -Fontainebleu, he came back to his mother in July, 1814, being then -hardly nineteen. He did not wish to serve the Bourbons. In March, -1815, Philippe Bridau rejoined the Emperor at Lyons, accompanying him -to the Tuileries. He was promised a captaincy in a squadron of -dragoons of the Guard, and made officer of the Legion of Honor at -Waterloo. Reduced to half-pay, during the Restoration, he nevertheless -preserved his rank and officer's cross. He rejoined General Lallemand -in Texas, returning from America in October, 1819, thoroughly -degenerated. He ran an opposition newspaper in Paris in 1820-1821. He -led a most dissolute life; was the lover of Mariette Godeschal; and -attended all the parties of Tullia, Florentine, Florine, Coralie, -Matifat and Camusot. Not content with using the income of his brother -Joseph, he stole a coffer entrusted to him, and despoiled of her last -savings Mme. Descoings, who died of grief. Involved in a military plot -in 1822, he was sent to Issoudun, under the surveillance of the -police. There he created a disturbance in the "bachelor's -establishment" of his uncle, Jean-Jacques Rouget; killed in a duel -Maxence Gilet, the lover of Flore Brazier; brought about the girl's -marriage with his uncle; and married her himself when she became a -widow in 1824. When Charles X. succeeded to the throne, Philippe -Bridau re-entered the army as lieutenant-colonel of the Duc de -Maufrigneuse's regiment. In 1827 he passed with this grade into a -regiment of cavalry of the Royal Guard, and was made Comte de -Brambourg from the name of an estate which he had purchased. He was -promised further the office of commander in the Legion of Honor, as -well as in the Order of Saint-Louis. After having consciously caused -the death of his wife, Flore Brazier, he tried to marry Amelie de -Soulanges, who belonged to a great family. But his manoeuvres were -frustrated by Bixiou. The Revolution of 1830 resulted in the loss to -Philippe Bridau of a portion of the fortune which he had obtained from -his uncle by his marriage. Once more he entered military service, -under the July Government, which made him a colonel. In 1839 he fell -in an engagement with the Arabs in Africa. [A Bachelor's -Establishment. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -BRIDAU (Joseph), painter; younger brother of Philippe Bridau; born in -1799. He studied with Gros, and made his first exhibit at the Salon of -1823. He received great stimulus from his fellow-members of the -"Cenacle," in rue Quatre-Vents, also from his master, from Gerard and -from Mlle. des Touches. Moreover he was a hard-worker and an artist of -genius. He was decorated in 1827, and about 1839, through the interest -of the Comte de Serizy, for whose home he had formerly done some work, -he married the only daughter of a retired farmer, now a millionaire. -On the death of his brother Philippe, he inherited his house in rue de -Berlin, his estate of Brambourg, and his title of comte. [A Bachelor's -Establishment. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Start in Life.] -Joseph Bridau made some vignettes for the works of Canalis. [Modeste -Mignon.] He was intimate with Hippolyte Schinner, whom he had known at -Gros' studio. [The Purse.] Shortly after 1830, he was present at an -"at home" at Mlle. des Touches, when Henri de Marsay told about his -first love affair. [Another Study of Woman.] In 1832 he rushed in to -see Pierre Grassou, borrowed five hundred francs of him, and told him -to "cater to his talent" and even to plunge into literature since he -was nothing more than a poor painter. At this same time, Joseph Bridau -painted the dining-hall in the D'Arthez chateau. [Pierre Grassou.] He -was a friend of Marie Gaston, and was attendant at his marriage with -Louise de Chaulieu, widow of Macumer, in 1833. [Letters of Two -Brides.] He also assisted at the wedding of Steinbock with Hortense -Hulot, and in 1838, at the instigation of Stidmann, clubbed in with -Leon de Lora to raise four thousand francs for the Pole, who was -imprisoned for debt. He had made the portrait of Josepha Mirah. -[Cousin Betty.] In 1839, at Mme. Montcornet's, Joseph Bridau praised -the talent and character displayed by Dorlange, the sculptor. [The -Member for Arcis.] - -BRIDAU (Flore Brazier, Madame Philippe), born in 1787 at Vatan Indre, -known as "La Rabouilleuse," on account of her uncle having put her to -work, when a child, at stirring up (to "rabouiller") the streamlets, -so that he might find crayfishes. She was noticed on account of her -great beauty by Dr. Rouget of Issoudun, and taken to his home in 1799. -Jean-Jacques Rouget, the doctor's son become much enamored of her, but -obtained favor only through his money. On her part she was smitten -with Maxence Gilet, whom she entertained in the house of the old -bachelor at the latter's expense. But everything was changed by the -arrival of Philippe Bridau at Issoudun. Gilet was killed in a duel, -and Rouget married La Rabouilleuse in 1823. Left a widow soon after, -she married the soldier. She died in Paris in 1828, abandoned by her -husband, in the greatest distress, a prey to innumerable terrible -complaints, the products of the dissolute life into which Philippe -Bridau had designedly thrown her. She dwelt then on rue du Houssay, on -the fifth floor. She left here for the Dubois Hospital in Faubourg -Saint-Denis. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -BRIDAU (Madame Joseph), only daughter of Leger, an old farmer, -afterwards a multi-millionaire at Beaumont-sur-Oise; married to the -painter Joseph Bridau about 1839. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -BRIGAUT (Major), of Pen-Hoel, Vendee; retired major of the Catholic -Army which contested with the French Republic. A man of iron, but -devout and entirely unselfish. He had served under Charette, Mercier, -the Baron du Guenic and the Marquis de Montauran. He died in 1819, six -months after Mme. Lorrain, the widow of a major in the Imperial Army, -whom he was said to have consoled on the loss of her husband. Major -Brigaut had received twenty-seven wounds. [Pierrette. The Chouans.] - -BRIGAUT (Jacques), son of Major Brigaut; born about 1811. Childhood -companion of Pierrette Lorrain, whom he loved in innocent fashion -similar to that of Paul and Virginia, and whose love was reciprocated -in the same way. When Pierrette was sent to Provins, to the home of -the Rogrons, her relatives, Jacques also went to this town and worked -at the carpenter's trade. He was present at the death-bed of the young -girl and immediately thereafter enlisted as a soldier; he became head -of a battalion, after having several times sought death vainly. -[Pierrette.] - -BRIGITTE. (See Cottin, Madame.) - -BRIGITTE, servant of Chesnel from 1795 on. In 1824 she was still with -him in rue du Bercail, Alencon, at the time of the pranks of the young -D'Esgrignon. Brigette humored the gormandizing of her master, the only -weakness of the goodman. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -BRIGNOLET, clerk with lawyer Bordin in 1806. [A Start in Life.] - -BRISETOUT (Heloise), mistress of Celestin Crevel in 1838, at the time -when he was elected mayor. She succeeded Josepha Mirah, in a little -house on rue Chauchat, after having lived on rue Notre-Dame-de -Lorette. [Cousin Betty.] In 1844-1845 she was _premiere danseuse_ in -the Theatre du Boulevard, when she was claimed by both Bixiou and -Gaudissart, her manager. She was a very literary young woman, much -spoken of in Bohemian circles for elegance and graciousness. She knew -all the great artists, and favored her kinsman, the musician -Garangeot. [Cousin Pons.] Towards the end of the reign of Louis -Philippe, she had Isidore Baudoyer for a "protector"; he was then -mayor of the arrondissement of Paris, which included the Palais -Royale. [The Middle Classes.] - -BRISSET, a celebrated physician of Paris, time of Louis Philippe. a -materialist and successor to Bichat, and Cabanis. At the head of the -"Organists," opposed to Cameristus head of the "Vitalists." He was -called in consultation regarding Raphael de Valentin, whose condition -was serious. [The Magic Skin.] - -BROCHON, a half-pay soldier who, in 1822, tended the horses and did -chores for Moreau, manager of Presles, the estate of the Comte de -Serizy. [A Start in Life.] - -BROSSARD (Madame), widow received at Mme. de Bargeton's at Angouleme -in 1821. Poor but well-born, she sought to marry her daughter, and in -the end, despite her precise dignity and "sour-sweetness," she got -along fairly well with the other sex. [Lost Illusions.] - -BROSSARD (Camille du), daughter of the preceding. born in 1794. Fleshy -and imposing. Posed as a good pianist. Not yet married at twenty-seven. -[Lost Illusions.] - -BROSSETTE (Abbe), born about 1790; cure of Blangy, Burgundy, in 1823, -at the time when General de Montcornet was struggling with the -peasantry. The abbe himself was an object of their defiance and -hatred. He was the fourth son of a good bourgeoisie family of Autun, a -faithful prelate, an obstinate Royalist and a man of intelligence. -[The Peasantry.] In 1840 he became a cure at Paris, in the faubourg -Saint-Germain, and at the request of Mme. de Grandlieu, he interested -himself in removing Calyste du Guenic from the clutches of Mme. de -Rochefide and restoring him to his wife. [Beatrix.] - -BROUET (Joseph), a Chouan who died of wounds received in the fight of -La Pelerine or at the siege of Fougeres, in 1799. [The Chouans.] - -BROUSSON (Doctor), attended the banker Jean-Frederic Taillefer, a -short time before the financier's death. [The Red Inn.] - -BRUCE (Gabriel), alias Gros-Jean, one of the fiercest Chouans of the -Fontaine division. Implicated in the affair of the "Chauffeurs of -Mortagne" in 1809. Condemned to death for contumacy. [The Seamy Side -of History.] - -BRUEL (Du), chief of division to the Ministers of the Interior, under -the Empire. A friend of Bridau senior, retired on the advent of -Restoration. He was on very friendly terms with the widow Bridau, -coming each evening for a game of cards at her house, on rue Mazarine, -with his old-time colleagues, Claparon and Desroches. These three old -employes were called the "Three Sages of Greece" by Mmes. Bridau and -Descoings. M. du Bruel was descended of a contractor ennobled at the -end of the reign of Louis XIV. He died about 1821. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -BRUEL (Madame du), wife of the preceding. She survived him. She was -the mother of the dramatic author Jean-Francois du Bruel, christened -Cursy on the Parisian bill-boards. Although a bourgeoisie of strict -ideas, Mme. du Bruel welcomed the dancer Tullia, who became her -daughter-in-law. [A Prince of Bohemia.] - -BRUEL (Jean-Francois du), son of the preceding; born about 1797. In -1816 he obtained a place under the Minister of Finance, thanks to the -favor of the Duc de Navarreins. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] He was -sub-chief of Rabourdin's office when the latter, in 1824, contested -with M. Baudoyer for a place of division chief. [The Government -Clerks.] In November, 1825, Jean-Francois du Bruel assisted at a -breakfast given at the "Rocher de Cancale" to the clerks of Desroches' -office by Frederic Marest who was treating to celebrate his incoming. -He was present also at the orgy which followed at Florentine's home. -[A Start in Life.] M. du Bruel successively rose to be chief of -bureau, director, councillor of state, deputy, peer of France and -commander of the Legion of Honor; he received the title of count and -entered one of the classes in the Institute. All this was accomplished -through his wife, Claudine Chaffaroux, formerly the dancer, Tullia, -whom he married in 1829. [A Prince of Bohemia. The Middle Classes.] -For a long time he wrote vaudeville sketches over the name of Cursy. -Nathan, the poet, found it necessary to unite with him. Du Bruel would -make use of the author's ideas, condensing them into small, sprightly -skits which always scored successes for the actors. Du Bruel and -Nathan discovered the actress Florine. They were the authors of -"L'Alcade dans l'embarras," an imbroglio in three acts, played at the -Theatre du Panorama-Dramatique about 1822, when Florine made her -debut, playing with Coralie and Bouffe, the latter under the name of -Vignol. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Daughter of Eve.] - -BRUEL (Claudine Chaffaroux, Madame du), born at Nanterre in 1799. One -of the _premiere danseuses_ of the Opera from 1817 to 1827. For -several years she was the mistress of the Duc de Rhetore [A Bachelor's -Establishment.], and afterwards of Jean-Francois du Bruel, who was -much in love with her in 1823, and married her in 1829. She had then -left the stage. About 1834 she met Charles Edouard de la Palferine and -formed a violent attachment for him. In order to please him and pose -in his eyes as a great lady, she urged her husband to the constant -pursuit of honors, and finally achieved the title of countess. -Nevertheless she continued to play the lady of propriety and found -entrance into bourgeoisie society. [A Prince of Bhoemia. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Letters of Two Brides.] In 1840, to -please Mme. Colleville, her friend, she tried to obtain a decoration -for Thuillier. [The Middle Classes.] Mme. du Bruel bore the name of -Tullia on the stage and in the "gallant" circle. She lived then in rue -Chauchat, in a house afterwards occupied by Mmes. Mirah and Brisetout, -when Claudine moved after her marriage to rue de la Victoire. - -BRUNET, bailiff at Blagny, Burgundy, in 1823. He was also councillor -of the Canton during the Terror, having for practitioners Michel Vert -alias Vermichel and Fourchon the elder. [The Peasantry.] - -BRUNNER (Gedeon), father of Frederic Brunner. At the time of the -French Restoration and of Louis Philippe he owned the great Holland -House at Frankford-on-the-Main. One of the early railway projectors. -He died about 1844, leaving four millions. Calvinist. Twice married. -[Cousin Pons.] - -BRUNNER (Madame), first wife of Gedeon Brunner, and mother of Frederic -Brunner. A relative of the Virlaz family, well-to-do Jewish furriers -of Leipsic. A converted Jew. Her dowry was the basis of her husband's -fortune. She died young, leaving a son aged but twelve. [Cousin Pons.] - -BRUNNER (Madame), second wife of Gedeon Brunner. The only daughter of -a German inn-keeper. She had been very badly spoiled by her parents. -Sterile, dissipated and prodigal, she made her husband very unhappy, -thus avenging the first Mme. Brunner. She was a step-mother of the -most abominable sort, launching her stepson into an unbridled life, -hoping that debauchery would devour both the child and the Jewish -fortune. After ten years of wedded life she died before her parents, -having made great inroads upon Gedeon Brunner's property. [Cousin -Pons.] - -BRUNNER (Frederic), only son of Gedeon Brunner, born within the first -four years of the century. He ran through his maternal inheritance by -silly dissipations, and then helped his friend Wilhelm Schwab to make -away with the hundred thousand francs his parents had left him. -Without resources and cast adrift by his father he went to Paris in -1835, where, upon the recommendation of Graff, the inn-keeper, he -obtained a position with Keller at six hundred francs per annum. In -1843 he was only two thousand francs ahead; but Gedeon Brunner having -died, he became a multi-millionaire. Then for friendship's sake he -founded, with his chum Wilhelm, the banking house of "Brunner, Schwab -& Co.," on rue Richelieu, between rue Neuve-des-Petits-Champs and rue -Villedo, in a magnificent building belonging to the tailor, Wolfgang -Graff. Frederic Brunner had been presented by Sylvain Pons to the -Camusots de Marville; he would have married their daughter had she not -been the only child. The breaking off of this match involved also, the -relations of Pons with the De Marville family and resulted in the -death of the musician. [Cousin Pons.] - -BRUNO, _valet de chambre_ of Corentin at Passy, on rue des Vignes, in -1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] About 1840 he was again in the -service of Corentin, who was now known as M. du Portail and lived on -rue Honore-Chevalier, at Paris. [The Middle Classes.] This name is -sometimes spelled Bruneau. - -BRUTUS, proprietor of the Hotel des Trois-Maures in the Grand-Rue, -Alencon, in 1799, where Alphonse de Montauran met Mlle. de Verneuil -for the first time. [The Chouans.] - -BUNEAUD (Madame), ran a bourgeoisie boarding-house in opposition to -Mme. Vauquer on the heights of Sainte-Genevieve, Paris, in 1819. -[Father Goriot.] - -BUTIFER, noted hunter, poacher and smuggler, living in the village -hard by Grenoble, where Dr. Benassis located, during the Restoration. -When the doctor arrived in the country, Butifer drew a bead on him, in -a corner of the forest. Later, however, he became entirely devoted to -him. He was charged by Genestas with the physical education of this -officer's adopted son. It may be that Butifer enlisted in Genestas' -regiment, after the death of Dr. Benassis. [The Country Doctor.] - -BUTSCHA (Jean), head-clerk of Maitre Latournelle, a notary at Havre in -1829. Born about 1804. The natural son of a Swedish sailor and a -Demoiselle Jacmin of Honfleur. A hunchback. A type of intelligence and -devotion. Entirely subservient to Modeste Mignon, whom he loved -without hope; he aided, by many adroit methods, to bring about her -marriage with Ernest de la Briere. Butscha decided that this union -would make the young lady happy. [Modeste Mignon.] - - - - C - -CABIROLLE, in charge of the stages of Minoret-Levrault, postmaster of -Nemours. Probably a widower, with one son. About 1837, a sexagenarian, -he married Antoinette Patris, called La Bougival, who was over fifty, -but whose income amounted to twelve hundred francs. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -CABIROLLE, son of the preceding. In 1830 he was Dr. Minoret's coachman -at Nemours. Later he was coachman for Savinien de Portenduere, after -the vicomte's marriage with Ursule Mirouet. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -CABIROLLE (Madame), wife of Cabirolle senior. Born Antoinette Patris -in 1786, of a poor family of La Bresse. Widow of a workman named -Pierre alias Bougival; she was usually designated by the latter name. -After having been Ursule Mirouet's nurse, she became Dr. Minoret's -servant, marrying Cabirolle about 1837. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -CABIROLLE (Madame), mother of Florentine, the _danseuse_. Formerly -janitress on rue Pastourelle, but living in 1820 with her daughter on -rue de Crussol in a modest affluence assured by Cardot the old -silk-dealer, since 1817. According to Girondeau, she was a woman of -sense. [A Start in Life. A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -CABIROLLE (Agathe-Florentine), known as Florentine; born in 1804. In -1817, upon leaving Coulon's class, she was discovered by Cardot, the -old silk-merchant, and established by him with her mother in a -relatively comfortable flat on rue de Crussol. After having been -featured at the Gaite theatre, in 1820, she danced for the first time -in a spectacular drama entitled "The Ruins of Babylon."* Immediately -afterwards she succeeded Mariette as _premiere danseuse_ at the -theatre of the Porte-Saint-Martin. Then in 1823 she made her debut at -the Opera in a trio skit with Mariette and Tullia. At the time when -Cardot "protected" her, she had for a lover the retired Captain -Girondeau, and was intimate with Philippe Bridau, to whom she gave -money when in need. In 1825 Florentine occupied Coralie's old flat, -now for some three years, and it was at this place that Oscar Husson -lost at play the money entrusted to him by his employer, Desroches the -attorney, and was surprised by his uncle, Cardot. [A Start in Life. -Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -* By Renee-Charles Guilbert de Pixerecourt; played for the first - time at Paris in 1810. - -CABOT (Armand-Hippolyte), a native of Toulouse who, in 1800, -established a hair-dressing salon on the Place de la Bourse, Paris. On -the advice of his customer, the poet Parny, he had taken the name of -Marius, a sobriquet which stuck to the establishment. In 1845 Cabot -had earned an income of twenty-four thousand francs and lived at -Libourne, while a fifth Marius, called Mougin, managed the business -founded by him. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -CABOT (Marie-Anne), known as Lajeunesse, an old servant of Marquis -Carol d'Esgrignon. Implicated in the affair of the "Chauffeurs of -Mortagne" and executed in 1809. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -CACHAN, attorney at Angouleme under the Restoration. He and -Petit-Claud had similar business interests and the same clients. In -1830 Cachan, now mayor of Marsac, had dealings with the Sechards. -[Lost Illusions. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -CADENET, Parisian wine-merchant, in 1840, on the ground-floor of a -furnished lodging-house, corner of rue des Postes and rue des Poules. -Cerizet also dwelt there at that time. Cadenet, who was proprietor of -the house, had something to do with the transactions of Cerizet, the -"banker of the poor." [The Middle Classes.] - -CADIGNAN (Prince de), a powerful lord of the former regime, father of -the Duc de Maufrigneuse, father-in-law of the Duc de Navarreins. -Ruined by the Revolution, he had regained his properties and income on -the accession of the Bourbons. But he was a spendthrift and devoured -everything. He also ruined his wife. He died at an advanced age some -time before the Revolution of July. [The Secrets of a Princess.] At -the end of 1829, the Prince de Cadignan, then Grand Huntsman to -Charles X., rode in a great chase where were also found, amid a very -aristocratic throng, the Duc d'Herouville, organizer of the jaunt, -Canalis and Ernest de la Briere, all three of whom were suitors for -the hand of Modeste Mignon. [Modeste Mignon.] - -CADIGNAN (Prince and Princesse de), son and daughter-in-law of the -preceding. (See Maufrigneuse, Duc and Duchesse de.) - -CADINE (Jenny), actress at the Gymnase theatre, times of Charles X. -and Louis Philippe. The most frolicsome of women, the only rival of -Dejazet. Born in 1814. Discovered, trained and "protected" from -thirteen years old on, by Baron Hulot. Intimate friend of Josepha -Mirah. [Cousin Betty.] Between 1835 and 1840, while maintained by -Couture, she lived on rue Blanche in a delightful little ground-floor -flat with its own garden. Fabien du Ronceret and Mme. Schontz -succeeded her here. [Beatrix.] In 1845 she was Massol's mistress and -lived on rue de la Victoire. At this time, she apparently led astray -in short order Palafox Gazonal, who had been taken to her home by -Bixiou and Leon de Lora. [The Unconscious Humorists.] About this time -she was the victim of a jewelry theft. After the arrest of the thieves -her property was returned by Saint-Esteve--Vautrin--who was then chief -of the special service. [The Member for Arcis.] - -CADOT (Mademoiselle), old servant-mistress of Judge Blondet at -Alencon, during the Restoration. She pampered her master, and, like -him, preferred the elder of the magistrate's two sons. [Jealousies of -a Country Town.] - -CALVI (Theodore), alias Madeleine. Born in 1803. A Corsican condemned -to the galleys for life on account of eleven murders committed by the -time he was eighteen. A member of the same gang with Vautrin from 1819 -to 1820. Escaped with him. Having assassinated the widow Pigeau of -Nanterre, in May, 1830, he was rearrested and this time sentenced to -death. The plotting of Vautrin, who bore for him an unnatural -affection, saved his life; the sentence was commuted. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] - -CAMBON, lumber merchant, a deputy mayor to Benassis, in 1829, in a -community near Grenoble, and a devoted assistant in the work of -regeneration undertaken by the doctor. [The Country Doctor.] - -CAMBREMER (Pierre), fisherman of Croisic on the Lower-Loire, time of -Louis Philippe, who, for the honor of a jeopardized name, had cast his -only son into the sea and afterwards remained desolate and a widower -on a cliff near by, in expiation of his crime induced by paternal -justice. [A Seaside Tragedy. Beatrix.] - -CAMBREMER (Joseph), younger brother of Pierre Cambremer, father of -Pierrette, called Perotte. [A Seaside Tragedy.] - -CAMBREMER (Jacques), only son of Pierre Cambremer and Jacquette -Brouin. Spoiled by his parents, his mother especially, he became a -rascal of the worst type. Jacques Cambremer evaded justice only by -reason of the fact that his father gagged him and cast him into the -sea. [A Seaside Tragedy.] - -CAMBREMER (Madame), born Jacquette Brouin, wife of Pierre Cambremer -and mother of Jacques. She was of Guerande; was educated; could write -"like a clerk"; taught her son to read and this brought about his -ruin. She was usually spoken of as the beautiful Brouin. She died a -few days after Jacques. [A Seaside Tragedy.] - -CAMBREMER (Pierrette), known as Perotte; daughter of Joseph Cambremer; -niece of Pierre and his goddaughter. Every morning the sweet and -charming creature came to bring her uncle the bread and water upon -which he subsisted. [A Seaside Tragedy.] - -CAMERISTUS, celebrated physician of Paris under Louis Philippe; the -Ballanche of medicine and one of the defenders of the abstract -doctrines of Van Helmont; chief of the "Vitalists" opposed to Brisset -who headed the "Organists." He as well as Brisset was called in -consultation regarding a very serious malady afflicting Raphael de -Valentin. [The Magic Skin.] - -CAMPS (Octave de), lover then husband of Mme. Firmiani. She made him -restore the entire fortune of a family named Bourgneuf, ruined in a -lawsuit by Octave's father, thus reducing him to the necessity of -making a living by teaching mathematics. He was only twenty-two years -old when he met Mme. Firmiani. He married her first at Gretna Green. -The marriage at Paris took place in 1824 or 1825. Before marriage, -Octave de Camps lived on rue de l'Observance. He was a descendant of -the famous Abbe de Camps, so well known among bookmen and savants. -[Madame Firmiani.] Octave de Camps reappears as an ironmaster, during -the reign of Louis Philippe. At this time he rarely resided at Paris. -[The Member for Arcis.] - -CAMPS (Madame Octave de), nee Cadignan; niece of the old Prince de -Cadignan; cousin of the Duc de Maufrigneuse. In 1813, at the age of -sixteen, she married M. Firmiani, receiver-general in the department -of Montenotte. M. Firmiani died in Greece about 1822, and she became -Mme. de Camps in 1824 or 1825. At this time she dwelt on rue du Bac -and had entree into the home of Princesse de Blamont-Chauvry, the -oracle of Faubourg Saint-Germain. An accomplished and excellent lady, -loved even by her rivals, the Duchesse de Maufrigneuse, her cousin, -Mme. de Macumer--Louise de Chaulieu--and the Marquise d'Espard. -[Madame Firmiani.] She welcomed and protected Mme. Xavier Rabourdin. -[The Government Clerks.] At the close of 1824 she gave a ball where -Charles de Vandenesse made the acquaintance of Mme. d'Aiglemont whose -lover he became. [A Woman of Thirty.] In 1834 Mme. Octave de Camps -tried to check the slanders going the rounds at the expense of Mme. -Felix de Vandenesse, who had compromised herself somewhat on account -of the poet Nathan; and Mme. de Camps gave the young woman some good -advice. [A Daughter of Eve.] On another occasion she gave exceedingly -good counsel to Mme. de l'Estorade, who was afraid of being smitten -with Sallenauve. [The Member for Arcis.] Mme. Firmiani, "that was," -shared her time between Paris and the furnaces of M. de Camps; but she -gave the latter much the preference--at least so said one of her -intimate friends, Mme. de l'Estorade. [The Member for Arcis.] - -CAMUSET, one of Bourignard's assumed names. - -CAMUSOT, silk-merchant, rue des Bourdonnais, Paris, under the -Restoration. Born in 1765. Son-in-law and successor of Cardot, whose -eldest daughter he had married. At that time he was a widower, his -first wife being a Demoiselle Pons, sole heiress of the celebrated -Pons family, embroiderers to the Court during the Empire. About 1834 -Camusot retired from business, and became a member of the -Manufacturers' Council, deputy, peer of France and baron. He had four -children. In 1821-1822 he maintained Coralie, who became so violently -enamored of Lucien de Rubempre. Although she abandoned him for Lucien, -he promised the poet, after the actress' death, that he would purchase -for her a permanent plot in the cemetery of Pere-Lachaise. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Bachelor's Establishment. Cousin -Pons.] Later he was intimate with Fanny Beaupre for some time. [The -Muse of the Department.] He and his wife were present at Cesar -Birotteau's big ball in December, 1818; he was also chosen -commissary-judge of the perfumer's bankruptcy, instead of -Gobenheim-Keller, who was first designated. [Cesar Birotteau.] He had -dealings with the Guillaumes, clothing merchants, rue Saint-Denis. [At -the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] - -CAMUSOT DE MARVILLE, son of Camusot the silk-merchant by his first -marriage. Born about 1794. During Louis Philippe's reign he took the -name of a Norman estate and green, Marville, in order to distinguish -between himself and a half-brother. In 1824, then a judge at Alencon, -he helped render an alibi decision in favor of Victurnien d'Esgrignon, -who really was guilty. [Cousin Pons. Jealousies of a Country Town.] He -was judge at Paris in 1828, and was appointed to replace Popinot in -the court which was to render a decision concerning the appeal for -interdiction presented by Mme. d'Espard against her husband. [The -Commission in Lunacy.] In May, 1830, in the capacity of judge of -instruction, he prepared a report tending to the liberation of Lucien -de Rubempre, accused of assassinating Esther Gobseck. But the suicide -of the poet rendered the proposed measure useless, besides upsetting, -momentarily, the ambitious projects of the magistrate. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] Camusot de Marville had been president of the Court -of Nantes. In 1844 he was president of the Royal Court of Paris and -commander of the Legion of Honor. At this time he lived in a house on -rue de Hanovre, purchased by him in 1834, where he received the -musician Pons, a cousin of his. The President de Marville was elected -deputy in 1846. [Cousin Pons.] - -CAMUSOT DE MARVILLE (Madame), born Thirion, Marie-Cecile-Amelie, in -1798. Daughter of an usher of the Cabinet of Louis XVIII. Wife of the -magistrate. In 1814 she frequented the studio of the painter Servin, -who had a class for young ladies. This studio contained two factions; -Mlle. Thirion headed the party of the nobility, though of ordinary -birth, and persecuted Ginevra di Piombo, of the Bonapartist party. -[The Vendetta.] In 1818 she was invited to accompany her father and -mother to the famous ball of Cesar Birotteau. It was about the time -her marriage with Camusot de Marville was being considered. [Cesar -Birotteau.] This wedding took place in 1819, and immediately the -imperious young woman gained the upper hand with the judge, making him -follow her own will absolutely and in the interests of her boundless -ambition. It was she who brought about the discharge of young -d'Esgrignon in 1824, and the suicide of Lucien de Rubempre in 1830. -Through her, the Marquis d'Espard failed of interdiction. However, -Mme. de Marville had no influence over her father-in-law, the senior -Camusot, whom she bored dreadfully and importuned excessively. She -caused, also, by her evil treatment, the death of Sylvain Pons "the -poor relation," inheriting with her husband his fine collection of -curios. [Jealousies of a Country Town. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. -Cousin Pons.] - -CAMUSOT (Charles), son of the preceding couple. He died young, at a -time when his parents had neither land nor title of Marville, and when -they were in almost straitened circumstances. [Cousin Pons.] - -CAMUSOT DE MARVILLE (Cecile). (See Popinot, Vicomtesse.) - -CANALIS (Constant-Cyr-Melchior, Baron de), poet--chief of the -"Angelic" school--deputy minister, peer of France, member of the -French Academy, commander of the Legion of Honor. Born at Canalis, -Correze, in 1800. About 1821 he became the lover of Mme. de Chaulieu, -who was constantly aiding him to high positions, but who, at the same -time, was always very exacting. Not long after, Canalis is seen at the -opera in Mme. d'Espard's box, being presented to Lucien de Rubempre. -From 1824 he was the fashionable poet. [Letters of Two Brides. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] In 1829 he lived at number 29 rue -Paradis-Poissoniere (now simply rue Paradis) and was master of -requests in the Council of State. This is the time when he was in -correspondence with Modeste Mignon and wished to espouse that rich -heiress. [Modeste Mignon.] Shortly after 1830, now a great man, he was -present at Mlle. des Touches', when Henri de Marsay told of his first -love affair. Canalis took part in the conversation and uttered a most -vigorous tirade against Napoleon. [The Magic Skin. Another Study of -Woman.] In 1838 he married the daughter of Moreau (de l'Oise), who -brought him a very large dowry. [A Start in Life.] In October, 1840, -he and Mme. de Rochefide were present at a performance at the Varietes -theatre, where that dangerous woman was encountered again after a -lapse of three years by Calyste du Guenic. [Beatrix.] In 1845 Canalis -was pointed out in the Chamber of Deputies by Leon de Lora to Palafox -Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] In 1845, he consented to act as -second to Sallenauve in his duel with Maxime de Trailles. [The Member -for Arcis.] - -CANALIS (Baronne Melchior de), wife of the preceding and daughter of -M. and Mme. Moreau (de l'Oise). About the middle of the reign of Louis -Philippe, she being then recently married, she made a journey to -Seine-et-Oise. She went first to Beaumont and Presles. Mme. de Canalis -with her daughter and the Academician, occupied Pierrotin's -stage-coach. [A Start in Life.] - -CANE (Marco-Facino), known as Pere Canet, a blind old man, an inmate -of the Hospital des Quinze-Vingts, who during the Restoration followed -the vocation of musician, at Paris. He played the clarionet at a ball -of the working-people of rue de Charenton, on the occasion of the -wedding of Mme. Vaillant's sister. He said he was a Venetian, Prince -de Varese, a descendant of the _condottiere_ Facino Cane, whose -conquests fell into the hands of the Duke of Milan. He told strange -stories regarding his patrician youth. He died in 1820, more than an -octogenarian. He was the last of the Canes on the senior branch, and -he transmitted the title of Prince de Varese to a relative, Emilio -Memmi. [Facino Cane. Massimilla Doni.] - -CANTE-CROIX (Marquis de), under-lieutenant in one of the regiments -which tarried at Angouleme from November, 1807, to March, 1808, while -on its way to Spain. He was a Colonel at Wagram on July 6, 1809, -although only twenty-six years old, when a shot crushed over his heart -the picture of Mme. de Bargeton, whom he loved. [Lost Illusions.] - -CANTINET, an old glass-dealer, and beadle of Saint-Francois church, -Marais, Paris, in 1845; dwelt on rue d'Orleans. A drunken idler. -[Cousin Pons.] - -CANTINET (Madame), wife of preceding; renter of seats in -Saint-Francois. Last nurse of Sylvain Pons, and a tool to the -interests of Fraisier and Poulain. [Cousin Pons.] - -CANTINET, Junior, would have been made beadle of Saint-Francois, where -his father and mother were employed, but he preferred the theatre. He -was connected with the Cirque-Olympique in 1845. He caused his mother -sorrow, by a dissolute life and by forcible inroads on the maternal -purse. [Cousin Pons.] - -CAPRAJA, a noble Venetian, a recognized dilettante, living only by and -through music. Nicknamed "Il Fanatico." Known by the Duke and Duchess -Cataneo and their friends. [Massimilla Doni.] - -CARABINE, assumed name of Seraphine Sinet, which name see. - -CARBONNEAU, physician whom the Comte de Mortsauf spoke of consulting -about his wife, in 1820, instead of Dr. Origet, whom he fancied to be -unsatisfactory. [The Lily of the Valley.] - -CARCADO (Madame de), founder of a Parisian benevolent society, for -which Mme. de la Baudraye was appointed collector, in March, 1843, on -the request of some priests, friends of Mme. Piedefer. This choice -resulted, noteworthily, in the re-entrance into society of the "muse," -who had been beguiled and compromised by her relations with Lousteau. -[The Muse of the Department.] - -CARDANET (Madame de), grandmother of Mme. de Senonches. [Lost -Illusions.] - -CARDINAL (Madame), Parisian fish-vender, daughter of one Toupillier, a -carrier. Widow of a well-known marketman. Niece of Toupillier the -pauper of Saint-Sulpice, from whom in 1840, with Cerizet's assistance, -she tried to capture the hidden treasure. This woman had three -sisters, four brothers, and three uncles, who would have shared with -her the pauper's bequest. The scheming of Mme. Cardinal and Cerizet -was frustrated by M. du Portail--Corentin. [The Middle Classes.] - -CARDINAL (Olympe). (See Cerizet, Madame.) - -CARDOT (Jean-Jerome-Severin), born in 1755. Head-clerk in an old -silk-house, the "Golden Cocoon," rue des Bourdonnais. He bought the -establishment in 1793, at the "maximum" moment, and in ten years had -made a large fortune, thanks to the dowry of one hundred thousand -francs brought him by his wife; she was a Demoiselle Husson, and gave -him four children. Of these, the elder daughter married Camusot, who -succeeded his father-in-law; the second, Marianne, married Protez, of -the firm of Protez & Chiffreville; the elder son became a notary; the -younger son, Joseph, took an interest in Matifat's drug business. -Cardot was the "protector" of the actress, Florentine, whom he -discovered and started. In 1822 he lived at Belleville in one of the -first houses above Courtille; he had then been a widower for six -years. He was an uncle of Oscar Husson, and had taken some interest in -and helped the dolt, until an incident occurred that changed -everything: the old man discovered the young fellow asleep one -morning, on one of Florentine's divans, after an orgy wherein he had -squandered the money entrusted to him by his employer, Desroches the -attorney. [A Start in Life. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial -at Paris. A Bachelor's Establishment.] Cardot had dealings with the -Guillaumes, clothiers, rue Saint-Denis. [At the Sign of the Cat and -Racket.] He and his entire family were invited to the great ball given -by Cesar Birotteau, December 17, 1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -CARDOT, elder son of the preceding. Parisian notary, successor of -Sorbier. Born in 1794. Married to a Demoiselle Chiffreville, of a -family of celebrated chemists. Three children were born to them: a son -who in 1836 was fourth clerk in his father's business, and should have -succeeded him, but dreamed instead of literary fame; Felicie, who -married Berthier; and another daughter, born in 1824. The notary -Cardot maintained Malaga, during the reign of Louis Philippe. [The -Muse of the Department. A Man of Business. Jealousies of a Country -Town.] He was attorney for Pierre Grassou, who deposited his savings -with him every quarter. [Pierre Grassou.] He was also notary to the -Thuilliers, and, in 1840, had presented in their drawing-rooms, on rue -Saint-Dominique d'Enfer, Godeschal an aspirant for the hand of Celeste -Colleville. After living on Place du Chatelet, Cardot become one of -the tenants of the house purchased by the Thuilliers, near the -Madeleine. [The Middle Classes.] In 1844 he was mayor and deputy of -Paris. [Cousin Pons.] - -CARDOT (Madame) nee Chiffreville, wife of Cardot the notary. Very -devoted, but a "wooden" woman, a "veritable penitential brush." About -1840 she lived on Place du Chatelet, Paris, with her husband. At this -time, the notary's wife took her daughter Felicie to rue des Martyrs, -to the home of Etienne Lousteau, whom she had planned to have for a -son-in-law, but whom she finally threw over on account of the -journalist's dissipated ways. [The Muse of the Department.] - -CARDOT (Felicie or Felicite). (See Berthier, Madame.) - -CARIGLIANO (Marechal, Duc de), one of the illustrious soldiers of the -Empire; husband of a Demoiselle Malin de Gondreville, whom he -worshipped, obeyed and stood in awe of, but who deceived him. [At the -Sign of the Cat and Racket.] In 1819, Marechal de Carigliano gave a -ball where Eugene de Rastignac was presented by his cousin, the -Vicomtesse de Beauseant, at the time he entered the world of fashion. -[Father Goriot.] During the Restoration he owned a beautiful house -near the Elysee-Bourbon, which he sold to M. de Lanty. [Sarrasine.] - -CARIGLIANO (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, daughter of Senator -Malin de Gondreville. At the end of the Empire, when thirty-six years -of age, she was the mistress of the young Colonel d'Aiglemont, and of -Sommervieux, the painter, almost at the same time; the latter had -recently wedded Augustine Guillaume. The Duchesse de Carigliano -received a visit from Mme. de Sommervieux, and gave her very ingenious -advice concerning the method of conquering her husband, and binding -him forever to her by her coquetry. [At the Sign of the Cat and -Racket.] In 1821-1822 she had an opera-box near Mme. d'Espard. Sixte -du Chatelet came to her to make his acknowledgments on the evening -when Lucien de Rubempre, a newcomer in Paris, cut such a sorry figure -at the theatre in company with Mme. de Bargeton. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] It was the Duchesse de Carigliano who, after a -great effort, found a wife suited to General de Montcornet, in the -person of Mlle. de Troisville. [The Peasantry.] Mme. de Carigliano, -although a Napoleonic duchesse, was none the less devoted to the House -of the Bourbons, being attached especially to the Duchesse de Berry. -Becoming imbued also with a high degree of piety, she visited nearly -every year a retreat of the Ursulines of Arcis-sur-Aube. In 1839 -Sallenauve's friends counted on the duchesse's support to elect him -deputy. [The Member for Arcis.] - -CARMAGNOLA (Giambattista), an old Venetian gondolier, entirely devoted -to Emilio Memmi, in 1820. [Massimilla Doni.] - -CARNOT (Lazare-Nicolas-Marguerite), born at Nolay--Cote-d'Or--in 1753; -died in 1823. In June, 1800, while Minister of War, he was present in -company with Talleyrand, Fouche and Sieyes, at a council held at the -home of the Minister of Foreign Affairs, rue du Bac, when the -overthrow of First Consul Bonaparte was discussed. [The Gondreville -Mystery.] - -CAROLINE (Mademoiselle), governess, during the Empire, of the four -children of M. and Mme. de Vandenesse. "She was a terror." [The Lily -of the Valley.] - -CAROLINE, chambermaid of the Marquis de Listomere, in 1827-1828, on -rue Saint-Dominique-Saint-Germain, Paris, when the marquis received a -letter from Eugene de Rastignac intended for Delphine de Nucingen. [A -Study of Woman.] - -CAROLINE, servant of the Thuilliers in 1840. [The Middle Classes.] - -CARON, lawyer, in charge of the affairs of Mlle. Gamard at Tours in -1826. He acted against Abbe Francois Birotteau. [The Vicar of Tours.] - -CARPENTIER, formerly captain in the Imperial Army, retired at Issoudun -during the Restoration. He had a position in the mayor's office. He -was allied by marriage to one of the strongest families of the city, -the Borniche-Hereaus. He was an intimate friend of the artillery -captain, Mignonnet, sharing with him his aversion for Commandant -Maxence Gilet. Carpentier and Mignonnet were seconds of Philippe -Bridau in his duel with the chief of the "Knights of Idlesse." [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] - -CARPI (Benedetto), jailer of a Venetian prison, where Facino Cane was -confined between the years 1760 and 1770. Bribed by the prisoner, he -fled with him, carrying a portion of the hidden treasure of the -Republic. But he perished soon after, by drowning, while trying to -cross the sea. [Facino Cane.] - -CARTHAGENOVA, a superb basso of the Fenice theatre at Venice. In 1820 -he sang the part of Moses in Rossini's opera, with Genovese and La -Tinti. [Massimilla Doni.] - -CARTIER, gardener in the Montparnasse quarter, Paris, during the reign -of Louis Philippe. In 1838 he supplied flowers to M. Bernard--Baron de -Bourlac--for his daughter Vanda. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -CARTIER (Madame), wife of the preceding; vender of milk, eggs and -vegetables to Mme. Vauthier, landlady of a miserable boarding-house on -Boulevard Montparnasse, and also to M. Bernard, lessee of real estate. -[The Seamy Side of History.] - -CASA-REAL (Duc de), younger brother of Mme. Balthazar Claes; related -to the Evangelistas of Bordeaux; of an illustrious family under the -Spanish monarchy; his sister had renounced the paternal succession in -order to procure for him a marriage worthy of a house so noble. He -died young, in 1805, leaving to Mme. Claes, a considerable fortune in -money. [The Quest of the Absolute. A Marriage Settlement.] - -CASTAGNOULD, mate of the "Mignon," a pretty, hundred-ton vessel owned -by Charles Mignon, the captain. In this he made several important and -prosperous voyages, from 1826 to 1829. Castagnould was a Provencal and -an old servant of the Mignon family. [Modeste Mignon.] - -CASTANIER (Rodolphe), retired chief of squadron in the dragoons, under -the Empire. Cashier of Baron de Nucingen during the Restoration. Wore -the decoration of the Legion of Honor. He maintained Mme. de la -Garde--Aquilina--and on her account, in 1821, he counterfeited the -banker's name on a letter of credit for a considerable amount. John -Melmoth, an Englishman, got him out of this scrape by exchanging his -own individuality for that of the old officer. Castanier was thus -all-powerful, but becoming promptly at outs with the proceeding, he -adopted the same tactics of exchange, transferring his power to a -financier named Claparon. Castanier was a Southerner. He had seen -service from sixteen till nearly forty. [Melmoth Reconciled.] - -CASTANIER (Madame), wife of the preceding, married during the first -Empire. Her family--that of the bourgeoisie of Nancy--fooled Castanier -about the size of her dowry and her "expectations." Mme. Castanier was -honest, ugly and sour-tempered. She was separated from her husband, to -his relief, and for several years previous to 1821 lived in the -suburbs of Strasbourg. [Melmoth Reconciled.] - -CASTERAN (De), a very ancient aristocracy of Normandy; related to -William the Conqueror; allied with the Verneuils, the Esgrignons and -the Troisvilles. The name is pronounced "Cateran." A Demoiselle -Blanche de Casteran was the mother of Mlle. de Verneuil, and died -Abbess of Notre-Dame de Seez. [The Chouans.] In 1807 Mme. de la -Chanterie, then a widow, was hospitably received in Normandy by the -Casterans. [The Seamy Side of History.] In 1822 a venerable couple, -Marquis and Marquise de Casteran visited the drawing-room of Marquis -d'Esgrignon at Alencon. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] The Marquise -de Rochefide, nee Beatrix Maximilienne-Rose de Casteran, was the -younger daughter of a Marquis de Casteran who wished to marry off both -his daughters without dowries, and thus save his entire fortune for -his son, the Comte de Casteran. [Beatrix.] A Comte de Casteran, -son-in-law of the Marquis of Troisville, relative of Mme. de Montcornet, -was prefect of a department of Burgundy between 1820 and 1825. [The -Peasantry.] - -CATANEO (Duke), noble Sicilian, born in 1773; first husband of -Massimilla Doni. Physically ruined by early debaucheries, he was a -husband only in name, living only by and through the influence of -music. Very wealthy, he had educated Clara Tinti, discovered by him -when still a child and a simple tavern servant. The young girl became, -thanks to him, the celebrated prima donna of the Fenice theatre, at -Venice in 1820. The wonderful tenor Genovese, of the same theatre, was -also a protege of Duke Cataneo, who paid him a high salary to sing -only with La Tinti. The Duke Cataneo cut a sorry figure. [Massimilla -Doni.] - -CATANEO (Duchess), nee Massimilla Doni, wife of the preceding; married -later to Emilio Memmi, Prince de Varese. (See Princesse de Varese.) - -CATHERINE, an old woman in the service of M. and Mme. Saillard, in -1824. [The Government Clerks.] - -CATHERINE, chambermaid and foster sister of Laurence de Cinq-Cygne in -1803. A handsome girl of nineteen. According to Gothard, Catherine was -in all her mistress' secrets and furthered all her schemes. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] - -CAVALIER, Fendant's partner; both were book-collectors, publishers and -venders in Paris, on rue Serpente in 1821. Cavalier traveled for the -house, whose firm name appeared as "Fendant and Cavalier." The two -associates failed shortly after having published, without success, the -famous romance of Lucien de Rubempre, "The Archer of Charles IX.," -which title they had changed for one more fantastic. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] In 1838, a firm of Cavalier published "The -Spirit of Modern Law" by Baron Bourlac, sharing the profits with the -author. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -CAYRON, of Languedoc, a vender of parasols, umbrellas and canes, on -rue Saint-Honore in a house adjacent to that inhabited by Birotteau -the perfumer in 1818. With the consent of the landlord, Molineux, -Cayron sublet two apartments over his shop to his neighbor. He fared -badly in business, suddenly disappearing a short time after the grand -ball given by Birotteau. Cayron admired Birotteau. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -CELESTIN, _valet de chambre_ of Lucien de Rubempre, on the Malaquais -quai, in the closing years of the reign of Charles X. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] - -CERIZET, orphan from the Foundling Hospital, Paris; born in 1802; an -apprentice of the celebrated printers Didot, at whose office he was -noticed by David Sechard, who took him to Angouleme and employed him -in his own shop, where Cerizet performed triple duties of form-maker, -compositor and proof-reader. Presently he betrayed his master, and by -leaguing with the Cointet Brothers, rivals of David Sechard, he -obtained possession of his property. [Lost Illusions.] Following this -he was an actor in the provinces; managed a Liberal paper during the -Restoration; was sub-prefect at the beginning of the reign of Louis -Philippe; and finally was a "man of business." In the latter capacity -he was sentenced to two years' imprisonment for swindling. After -business partnership with Georges d'Estourny, and later with Claparon, -he was stranded and reduced to transcribing for a justice of the peace -in the quartier Saint-Jacques. At the same time he began lending money -on short time, and by speculating with the poorer class he acquired a -certain competence. Although thoroughly debauched, Cerizet married -Olympe Cardinal about 1840. At this time he was implicated in the -intrigues of Theodose de la Peyrade and in the interests of Jerome -Thuillier. Becoming possessed of a note of Maxime de Trailles in 1833, -he succeeded by Scapinal tactics in obtaining face value of the paper. -[A Man of Business. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Middle -Classes.] - -CERIZET (Olympe Cardinal, Madame), wife of foregoing; born about 1824; -daughter of Mme. Cardinal the fish-dealer. Actress at the Bobino, -Luxembourg, then at the Folies-Dramatiques, where she made her debut -in "The Telegraph of Love." At first she was intimate with the first -comedian. Afterwards she had Julien Minard for lover. From the father -of the latter she received thirty thousand francs to renounce her son. -This money she used as a dowry and it aided in consummating her -marriage with Cerizet. [The Middle Classes.] - -CESARINE, laundry girl at Alencon. Mistress of the Chevalier de -Valois, and mother of a child that was attributed to the old -aristocrat. It was also said in the town, in 1816, that he had married -Cesarine clandestinely. These rumors greatly annoyed the chevalier, -since he had hoped at this time to wed Mlle. Cormon. Cesarine, the -sole legatee of her lover, received an income of only six hundred -livres. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -CESARINE, dancer at the Opera de Paris in 1822; an acquaintance of -Philippe Bridau, who at one time thought of breaking off with her on -account of his uncle Rouget at Issoudun. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -CHABERT (Hyacinthe), Count, grand officer of the Legion of Honor, -colonel of a cavalry regiment. Left for dead on the battlefield of -Eylau (February 7-8, 1807). He was healed at Heilsberg, then locked up -in an insane asylum at Stuttgart. Returning to France after the -downfall of the Empire, he lived, in 1818, in straitened -circumstances, with the herdsman Vergniaud, an old lieutenant of his -regiment, on rue du Petit-Banquier, Paris. After having sought without -arousing scandal to make good his rights with Rose Chapotel, his wife, -now married to Count Ferraud, he sank again into poverty and was -convicted of vagrancy. He ended his days at the Hospital de Bicetre; -they had begun at the Foundling Hospital. [Colonel Chabert.] - -CHABERT (Madame), nee Rose Chapotel. (See Ferraud, Comtesse.) - -CHABOISSEAU, an old bookseller, book-lender, something of a usurer, a -millionaire living in 1821-1822 on quai Saint-Michel, where he -discussed a business deal with Lucien de Rubembre, who had been -piloted there by Lousteau. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] He -was a friend of Gobseck and of Gigonnet and with them he frequented, -in 1824, the Cafe Themis. [The Government Clerks.] During the reign of -Louis Philippe he had dealings with the Cerizet-Claparon Company. [A -Man of Business.] - -CHAFFAROUX, building-contractor, one of Cesar Birotteau's creditors -[Cesar Birotteau]; uncle of Claudine Chaffaroux who became Mme. du -Bruel. Rich and a bachelor, he showered much affection upon his niece; -she had helped him to launch into business. He died in the second half -of the reign of Louis Philippe, leaving an income of forty thousand -francs to the former _danseuse_. [A Prince of Bohemia.] In 1840 he did -some work on an unfinished house in the suburbs of the Madeleine, -purchased by the Thuilliers. [The Middle Classes.] - -CHAMAROLLES (Mesdemoiselles), conducted a boarding-school for young -ladies at Bourges, at the beginning of the century. This school -enjoyed a great reputation in the department. Here was educated Anna -Grosetete, who later married the third son of Comte de Fontaine; also -Dinah Piedefer who became Mme. de la Baudray. [The Muse of the -Department.] - -CHAMPAGNAC, charman of Limoges, a widower, native of Auvergne. In 1797 -Jerome-Baptiste Sauviat married Champagnac's daughter, who was at -least thirty. [The Country Parson.] - -CHAMPIGNELLES (De), an illustrious Norman family. In 1822 a Marquis de -Champignelles was the head of the leading house of the country at -Bayeux. Through marriage this family was allied with the Navarreins, -the Blamont-Chauvries, and the Beauseants. Marquis de Champignelles -introduced Gaston de Nueil to Mme. de Beauseant's home. [The Deserted -Woman.] A M. de Champignelles presented Mme. de la Chanterie to Louis -XVIII., at the beginning of the Restoration. The Baronne de la -Chanterie was formerly a Champignelles. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -CHAMPION (Maurice), a young boy of Montegnac, Haute-Vienne, son of the -postmaster of that commune; employed as stable-boy at Mme. Graslin's, -time of Louis Philippe. [The Country Parson.] - -CHAMPLAIN (Pierre), vine-dresser, a neighbor of the crazy Margaritis, -at Vouvray in 1831. [Gaudissart the Great.] - -CHAMPY (Madame de), name given to Esther Gobseck. - -CHANDOUR (Stanislas de), born in 1781; one of the habitues of the -Bargeton's drawing-room at Angouleme, and the "beau" of that society. -In 1821 he was decorated. He obtained some success with the ladies by -his sarcastic pleasantries in the fashion of the eighteenth century. -Having spread about town a slander relating to Mme. de Bargeton and -Lucien de Rubempre, he was challenged by her husband and was wounded -in the neck by a bullet, which wound brought on him a kind of chronic -twist of the neck. [Lost Illusions.] - -CHANDOUR (Amelie de), wife of the preceding; charming -conversationalist, but troubled with an unacknowledged asthma. In -Angouleme she posed as the antagonist of her friend, Mme. de Bargeton. -[Lost Illusions.] - -CHANOR, partner of Florent, both being workers and dealers in bronze, -rue des Tournelles, Paris, time of Louis Philippe. Wenceslas Steinbock -was at first an apprentice and afterwards an employe of the firm. -[Cousin Betty.] In 1845, Frederic Brunner obtained a watch-chain and a -cane-knob from the firm of Florent & Chanor. [Cousin Pons.] - -CHANTONNIT, mayor of Riceys, near Besancon, between 1830 and 1840. He -was a native of Neufchatel, Switzerland, and a Republican. He was -involved in a lawsuit with the Wattevilles. Albert Savarus pleaded for -them against Chantonnit. [Albert Savarus.] - -CHAPELOUD (Abbe), canon of the Church of Saint-Gatien at Tours. -Intimate friend of the Abbe Birotteau, to whom he bequeathed on his -death-bed, in 1824, a set of furniture and a library of considerable -value which had been ardently coveted by the naive priest. [The Vicar -of Tours.] - -CHAPERON (Abbe), Cure of Nemours, Seine-et-Marne, after the -re-establishment of religious worship following the Revolution. Born -in 1755, died in 1841, in that city. He was a friend of Dr. Minoret -and helped educate Ursule Mirouet, a niece of the physician. He was -nicknamed "the Fenelon of Gatinais." His successor was the cure of -Saint-Lange, the priest who tried to give religious consolation to -Mme. d'Aiglemont, a prey to despair. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -CHAPOTEL (Rose), family name of Mme. Chabert, who afterwards became -Comtesse Ferraud, which name see. - -CHAPOULOT (Monsieur and Madame), formerly lace-dealers of rue -Saint-Denis in 1845. Tenants of the house, rue de Normandie, where -lived Pons and Schmucke. One evening, when M. and Mme. Chapoulot -accompanied by their daughter Victorine were returning from the -Theatre de l'Ambigu-Comique, they met Heloise Brisetout on the -landing, and a little conjugal scene resulted. [Cousin Pons.] - -CHAPUZOT (Monsieur and Madame), porters of Marguerite Turquet, known -as Malaga, rue des Fosses-du-Temple at Paris in 1836; afterwards her -servants and her confidants when she was maintained by Thaddee Paz. -[The Imaginary Mistress.] - -CHAPUZOT, chief of division to the prefecture of police in the time of -Louis Philippe. Visited and consulted in 1843 by Victorin Hulot on -account of Mme. de Saint-Esteve. [Cousin Betty.] - -CHARDIN (Pere), old mattress-maker, and a sot. In 1843 he acted as a -go-between for Baron Hulot under the name of Pere Thoul, and Cousin -Betty, who concealed from the family the infamy of its head. [Cousin -Betty.] - -CHARDIN, son of the preceding. At first a watchman for Johann Fischer, -commissariat for the Minister of War in the province of Oran from 1838 -to 1841. Afterwards _claqueur_ in a theatre under Braulard, and -designated at that time by the name of Idamore. A brother of Elodie -Chardin whom he procured for Pere Thoul in order to release Olympe -Bijou whose lover he himself was. After Olympe Bijou, Chardin paid -court in 1843 to a young _premiere_ of the Theatre des Funambules. -[Cousin Betty.] - -CHARDIN (Elodie), sister of Chardin alias Idamore; lace-maker; -mistress of Baron Hulot--Pere Thoul--in 1843. She lived then with him -at number 7 rue des Bernardins. She had succeeded Olympe Bijou in the -old fellow's affections. [Cousin Betty.] - -CHARDON, retired surgeon of the army of the Republic; established as a -druggist at Angouleme during the Empire. He was engrossed in trying to -cure the gout, and he also dreamed of replacing rag-paper with paper -made from vegetable fibre, after the manner of the Chinese. He died at -the beginning of the Restoration at Paris, where he had come to -solicit the sanction of the Academy of Science, in despair at the lack -of result, leaving a wife and two children poverty-stricken. [Lost -Illusions.] - -CHARDON (Madame), nee Rubempre, wife of the preceding. The final -branch of an illustrious family. Saved from the scaffold in 1793 by -the army surgeon Chardon who declared her enceinte by him and who -married her despite their mutual poverty. Reduced to suffering by the -sudden death of her husband, she concealed her misfortunes under the -name of Mme. Charlotte. She adored her two children, Eve and Lucien. -Mme. Chardon died in 1827. [Lost Illusions. Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] - -CHARDON (Lucien). (See Rubempre, Chardon de). - -CHARDON (Eve). (See Sechard, Madame David.) - -CHARELS (The), worthy farmers in the outskirts of Alencon; the father -and mother of Olympe Charel who became the wife of Michaud, the -head-keeper of General de Montcornet's estate. [The Peasantry.] - -CHARGEBOEUF (Marquis de), a Champagne gentleman, born in 1739, head of -the house of Chargeboeuf in the time of the Consulate and the Empire. -His lands reached from the department of Seine-et-Marne into that of -the Aube. A relative of the Hauteserres and the Simeuses whom he -sought to erase from the emigrant list in 1804, and whom he assisted -in the lawsuit in which they were implicated after the abduction of -Senator Malin. He was also related to Laurence de Cinq-Cygne. The -Chargeboeufs and the Cinq-Cygnes had the same origin, the Frankish -name of Duineff being their joint property. Cinq-Cygne became the name -of the junior branch of the Chargeboeufs. The Marquis de Chargeboeuf -was acquainted with Talleyrand, at whose instance he was enabled to -transmit a petition to First-Consul Bonaparte. M. de Chargeboeuf was -apparently reconciled to the new order of things springing out of the -year '89; at any rate he displayed much politic prudence. His family -reckoned their ancient titles from the Crusades; his name arose from -an equerry's exploit with Saint Louis in Egypt. [The Gondreville -Mystery.] - -CHARGEBOEUF (Madame de), mother of Bathilde de Chargeboeuf who married -Denis Rogron. She lived at Troyes with her daughter during the -Restoration. She was poor but haughty. [Pierrette.] - -CHARGEBOEUF (Bathilde de), daughter of the preceding; married Denis -Rogron. (See Rogron, Madame.) - -CHARGEBOEUF (Melchior-Rene, Vicomte de), of the poor branch of the -Chargeboeufs. Made sub-prefect of Arcis-sur-Aube in 1815, through the -influence of his kinswoman, Mme. de Cinq-Cygne. It was there that he -met Mme. Severine Beauvisage. A mutual attachment resulted, and a -daughter called Cecile-Renee was born of their intimacy. [The Member -for Arcis.] In 1820 the Vicomte de Chargeboeuf removed to Sancerre -where he knew Mme. de la Baudraye. She would probably have favored -him, had he not been made prefect and left the city. [The Muse of the -Department.] - -CHARGEBOEUF (De), secretary of attorney-general Granville at Paris in -1830; then a young man. Entrusted by the magistrate with the details -of Lucien de Rubempre's funeral, which was carried through in such a -way as to make one believe that he had died a free man and in his own -home, on quai Malaquais. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -CHARGEGRAIN (Louis), inn-keeper of Littray, Normandy. He had dealings -with the brigands and was arrested in the suit of the Chauffeurs of -Mortagne, in 1809, but acquitted. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -CHARLES, first name of a rather indifferent young painter, who in 1819 -boarded at the Vauquer pension. A tutor at college and a Museum -attache; very jocular; given to personal witticisms, which were often -aimed at Goriot. [Father Goriot.] - -CHARLES, a young prig who was killed in a duel of small arms with -Raphael de Valentin at Aix, Savoy, in 1831. Charles had boasted of -having received the title of "Bachelor of shooting" from Lepage at -Paris, and that of doctor from Lozes the "King of foils." [The Magic -Skin.] - -CHARLES, _valet de chambre_ of M. d'Aiglemont at Paris in 1823. The -marquis complained of his servant's carelessness. [A Woman of Thirty.] - -CHARLES, footman to Comte de Montcornet at Aigues, Burgundy, in 1823. -Through no good motive he paid court to Catherine Tonsard, being -encouraged in his gallantries by Fourchon the girl's maternal -grandfather, who desired to have a spy in the chateau. In the -peasants' struggle against the people of Aigues, Charles usually sided -with the peasants: "Sprung from the people, their livery remained upon -him." [The Peasantry.] - -CHARLOTTE, a great lady, a duchess, and a widow without children. She -was loved by Marsay then only sixteen and some six years younger than -she. She deceived him and he resented by procuring her a rival. She -died young of consumption. Her husband was a statesman. [Another Study -of Woman.] - -CHARLOTTE (Madame), name assumed by Mme. Chardon, in 1821 at -Angouleme, when obliged to make a living as a nurse. [Lost Illusions.] - -CHATELET (Sixte, Baron du), born in 1776 as plain Sixte Chatelet. -About 1806 he qualified for and later was made baron under the Empire. -His career began with a secretaryship to an Imperial princess. Later -he entered the diplomatic corps, and finally, under the Restoration, -M. de Barante selected him for director of the indirect taxes at -Angouleme. Here he met and married Mme. de Bargeton when she became a -widow in 1821. He was the prefect of the Charente. [Lost Illusions. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] In 1824 he was count and deputy. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Chatelet accompanied General Marquis -Armand de Montriveau in a perilous and famous excursion into Egypt. -[The Thirteen.] - -CHATELET (Marie-Louise-Anais de Negrepelisse, Baronne du), born in -1785; cousin by marriage of the Marquise d'Espard; married in 1803 to -M. de Bargeton of Angouleme; widow in 1821 and married to Baron Sixte -du Chatelet, prefect of the Charente. Temporarily enamored of Lucien -de Rubempre, she attached him to her party in a journey to Paris made -necessary by provincial slanders and ambition. There she abandoned her -youthful lover at the instigation of Chatelet and of Mme. d'Espard. -[Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] In 1824, Mme. -du Chatelet attended Mme. Rabourdin's evening reception. [The -Government Clerks.] Under the direction of Abbe Niolant (or Niollant), -Madame du Chatelet, orphaned of her mother, had been reared a little -too boyishly at l'Escarbas, a small paternal estate situated near -Barbezieux. [Lost Illusions.] - -CHATILLONEST (De), an old soldier; father of Marquise d'Aiglemont. He -was hardly reconciled to her marriage with her cousin, the brilliant -colonel. [A Woman of Thirty.] The device of the house of Chatillonest -(or Chastillonest) was: _Fulgens, sequar_ ("Shining, I follow thee"). -Jean Butscha had put this device beneath a star on his seal. [Modest -Mignon.] - -CHAUDET (Antoine-Denis), sculptor and painter, born in Paris in 1763, -interested in the birth of Joseph Bridau's genius. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -CHAULIEU (Henri, Duc de), born in 1773; peer of France; one of the -gentlemen of the Court of Louis XVIII. and of that of Charles X., -principally in favor under the latter. After having been ambassador -from France to Madrid, he became Minister of Foreign Affairs at the -beginning of 1830. He had three children: the eldest was the Duc de -Rhetore; the second became Duc de Lenoncourt-Givry through his -marriage with Madeleine de Mortsauf; the third, a daughter, -Armande-Louise-Marie, married Baron de Macumer and, left a widow, -afterwards married the poet Marie Gaston. [Letters of Two Brides. -Modeste Mignon. A Bachelor's Establishment.] The Duc de Chaulieu was -on good terms with the Grandlieus and promised them to obtain the -title of marquis for Lucien de Rubempre, who was aspiring to the hand -of their daughter Clotilde. The Duc de Chaulieu resided in Paris in -very close relations with these same Grandlieus of the elder branch. -More than once he took particular interest in the family's affairs. -He employed Corentin to clear up the dark side of the life of -Clotilde's fiance. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Some time before -this M. de Chaulieu made one of the portentous conclave assembled to -extricate Mme. de Langeais, a relative of the Grandlieus, from a -serious predicament. [The Thirteen.] - -CHAULIEU (Eleonore, Duchesse de), wife of the preceding. She was a -friend of M. d'Aubrion and sought to influence him to bring about the -marriage of Mlle. d'Aubrion with Charles Grandet. [Eugenie Grandet.] -For a long time she was the mistress of the poet Canalis, several -years her junior. She protected him, helping him on in the world, and -in public life, but she was very jealous and kept him under strict -surveillance. She still retained her hold of him at fifty years. Mme. -de Chaulieu gave her husband the three children designated in the -duc's biography. Her hauteur and coquetry subdued most of her maternal -sentiments. During the last year of the second Restoration, Eleonore -de Chaulieu followed on the way to Normandy, not far from Rosny, a -chase almost royal where her sentiments were fully occupied. [Letters -of Two Brides.] - -CHAULIEU (Armande-Louise-Marie de), daughter of Duc and Duchesse de -Chaulieu. (See Marie Gaston, Madame.) - -CHAUSSARD (The Brothers), inn-keepers at Louvigny, Orne; old -game-keepers of the Troisville estate, implicated in a trial known as -the "Chauffeurs of Mortagne" in 1809. Chaussard the elder was condemned -to twenty years' hard labor, was sent to the galleys, and later was -pardoned by the Emperor. Chaussard junior was contumacious, and -therefore received sentence of death. Later he was cast into the sea -by M. de Boislaurier for having been traitorous to the Chouans. A -third Chaussard, enticed into the ranks of the police by Contenson, -was assassinated in a nocturnal affair. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -CHAVONCOURT (De), Besancon gentleman, highly thought of in the town, -representing an old parliamentary family. A deputy under Charles X., -one of the famous 221 who signed the address to the King on March 18, -1830. He was re-elected under Louis Philippe. Father of three children -but possessing a rather slender income. The family of Chavoncourt was -acquainted with the Wattevilles. [Albert Savarus.] - -CHAVONCOURT (Madame de), wife of the preceding and one of the beauties -of Besancon. Born about 1794; mother of three children; managed -capably the household with its slender resources. [Albert Savarus.] - -CHAVONCOURT (De), born in 1812. Son of M. and Mme. de Chavoncourt of -Besancon. College-mate and chum of M. de Vauchelles. [Albert Savarus.] - -CHAVONCOURT (Victoire de), second child and elder daughter of M. and -Mme. de Chavoncourt. Born between 1816 and 1817. M. de Vauchelles -desired to wed her in 1834. [Albert Savarus.] - -CHAVONCOURT (Sidonie de), third and last child of M. and Mme. de -Chavoncourt of Besancon. Born in 1818. [Albert Savarus.] - -CHAZELLE, clerk under the Minister of Finance, in Baudoyer's bureau, -in 1824. A benedict and wife-led, although wishing to appear his own -master. He argued without ceasing upon subjects and through causes the -idlest with Paulmier the bachelor. The one smoked, the other took -snuff; this different way of taking tobacco was one of the endless -themes between the two. [The Government Clerks.] - -CHELIUS, physician of Heidelberg with whom Halpersohn corresponded, -during the reign of Louis Philippe. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -CHERVIN, a police-corporal at Montegnac near Limoges in 1829. [The -Country Parson.] - -CHESNEL, or Choisnel, notary at Alencon, time of Louis XVIII. Born in -1753. Old attendant of the house of Gordes, also of the d'Esgrignon -family whose property he had protected during the Revolution. A -widower, childless, and possessed of a considerable fortune, he had an -aristocratic clientele, notably that of Mme. de la Chanterie. On every -hand he received that attention which his good points merited. M. du -Bousquier held him in profound hatred, blaming him with the refusal -which Mlle. d'Esgrignon had made of Du Bousquier's proffered hand in -marriage, and another check of the same nature which he experienced at -first from Mlle. Cormon. By a dexterous move in 1824 Chesnel succeeded -in rescuing Victurnien d'Esgrignon, though guilty, from the Court of -Assizes. The old notary succumbed soon after this event. [The Seamy -Side of History. Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -CHESSEL (De), owner of the chateau and estate of Frapesle near Sache -in Touraine. Friend of the Vandenesses; he introduced their son Felix -to his neighbors, the Mortsaufs. The son of a manufacturer named -Durand who became very rich during the Revolution, but whose plebeian -name he had entirely dropped; instead he adopted that of his wife, the -only heiress of the Chessels, an old parliamentary family. M. de -Chessel was director-general and twice deputy. He received the title -of count under Louis XVIII. [The Lily of the Valley.] - -CHESSEL (Madame de), wife of the preceding. She made up elaborate -toilettes. [The Lily of the Valley.] In 1824 she frequented Mme. -Rabourdin's Paris home. [The Government Clerks.] - -CHEVREL (Monsieur and Madame), founders of the house of the "Cat and -Racket," rue Saint-Denis, at the close of the eighteenth century. -Father and mother of Mme. Guillaume, whose husband succeeded to the -management of the firm. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] - -CHEVREL, rich Parisian banker at the beginning of the nineteenth -century. Probably brother and brother-in-law of the foregoing. He had -a daughter who married Maitre Roguin. [At the Sign of the Cat and -Racket.] - -CHIAVARI (Prince de), brother of the Duke of Vissembourg; son of -Marechal Vernon. [Beatrix.] - -CHIFFREVILLE (Monsieur and Madame), ran a very prosperous drug-store -and laboratory in Paris during the Restoration. Their partners were -MM. Protez and Cochin. This firm had frequent business dealings with -Cesar Birotteau's "Queen of Roses"; it also supplied Balthazar Claes. -[Cesar Birotteau. The Quest of the Absolute.] - -CHIGI (Prince), great lord of Rome in 1758. He boasted of having "made -a soprano out of Zambinella" and disclosed the fact to Sarrasine that -this creature was not a woman. [Sarrasine.] - -CHISSE (Madame de), great aunt of M. du Bruel; a grasping old -Provincial at whose home the retired dancer Tullia, now Mme. du Bruel, -was fortunate to pass a summer in a rather hypocritical religious -penance. [A Prince of Bohemia.] - -CHOCARDELLE (Mademoiselle), known as Antonia; a Parisian courtesan -during the reign of Louis Philippe; born in 1814. Maxime de Trailles -spoke of her as a woman of wit; "She's a pupil of mine, indeed," said -he. About 1834, she lived on rue Helder and for fifteen days was the -mistress of M. de la Palferine. [Beatrix. A Prince of Bohemia.] For a -time she operated a reading-room that M. de Trailles had established -for her on rue Coquenard. Like Marguerite Turquet she had "well soaked -the little d'Esgrignon." [A Man of Business.] In 1838 she was present -at the "house-warming" to Josepha Mirah on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. -[Cousin Betty.] In 1839 she accompanied her lover Maxime de Trailles -to Arcis-sur-Aube to aid him in his official transactions relating to -the legislative elections. [The Member for Arcis.] - -CHOIN (Mademoiselle), good Catholic who built a parsonage on some land -at Blangy bought expressly by her in the eighteenth century; the -property was acquired later by Rigou. [The Peasantry.] - -CHOLLET (Mother), janitress of a house on rue du Sentier occupied by -Finot's paper in 1821. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -CHRESTIEN (Michel), Federalist Republican; member of the "Cenacle" of -rue des Quatre-Vents. In 1819 he and his friends were invited by the -widow Bridau to her home to celebrate the return of her elder son -Philippe from Texas. He posed as a Roman senator in a historic -picture. The painter Joseph Bridau was a friend of his. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] About 1822 Chrestien fought a duel with Lucien Chardon -de Rubempre on account of Daniel d'Arthez. He was a great though -unknown statesman. He was killed at Saint-Merri cloister on June 6, -1832, where he was defending ideas not his own. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] He became foolishly enamored of Diane de -Maufrigneuse, but did not confess his love save by a letter addressed -to her just before he went to his death at the barricade. He had saved -the life of M. de Maufrigneuse in the Revolution of July, 1830, -through love for the duchesse. [The Secrets of a Princess.] - -CHRISTEMIO, creole and foster-father of Paquita Valdes, whose -protector and body-guard he constituted himself. The Marquis de -San-Real caused his death for having abetted the intimacy between -Paquita and Marsay. [The Thirteen.] - -CHRISTOPHE, native of Savoy; servant of Mme. Vauquer on rue -Neuve-Saint-Genevieve, Paris, in 1819. He alone was with Rastignac -at the funeral of Goriot, accompanying the body as far as -Pere-Lachaise in the priest's carriage. [Father Goriot.] - -CIBOT, alias Galope-Chopine, also called Cibot the Great. A Chouan -implicated in the Breton insurrection of 1799. Decapitated by his -cousin Cibot, alias Pille-Miche, and by Marche-a-Terre for having -unthinkingly betrayed the brigand position to the "Blues." [The -Chouans.] - -CIBOT (Barbette), wife of Cibot, alias Galope-Chopine. She went over -to the "Blues" after her husband's execution, and vowed through -vengeance to devote her son, who was still a child, to the Republican -cause. [The Chouans.] - -CIBOT (Jean), alias Pille-Miche; one of the Chouans of the Breton -insurrection of 1799; cousin of Cibot, alias Galope-Chopine, and his -murderer. Pille-Miche it was, also, who shot and killed Adjutant -Gerard of the 72d demi-brigade at the Vivetiere. [The Chouans.] -Signalized as the hardiest of the indirect allies of the brigands in -the affair of the "Chauffeurs of Mortagne." Tried and executed in -1809. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -CIBOT, born in 1786. From 1818 to 1845 he was tailor-janitor in a -house in rue de Normandie, belonging to Claude-Joseph Pillerault, -where dwelt Pons and Schmucke, the two musicians, time of Louis -Philippe. Poisoned by the pawn-broker Remonencq, Cibot died at his -post in April, 1845, on the same day of Sylvain Pons' demise. [Cousin -Pons.] - -CIBOT (Madame). (See Remonencq, Madame.) - -CICOGNARA, Roman Cardinal in 1758; protector of Zambinella. He caused -the assassination of Sarrasine who otherwise would have slain -Zambinella. [Sarrasine.] - -CINQ-CYGNE, the name of an illustrious family of Champagne, the -younger branch of the house of Chargeboeuf. These two branches of the -same stock had a common origin in the Duineffs of the Frankish people. -The name of Cinq-Cygne arose from the defence of a castle made, in the -absence of their father, by five (_cinq_) daughters all remarkably -fair. On the blazon of the house of Cinq-Cygne is placed for device -the response of the eldest of the five sisters when summoned to -surrender: "We die singing!" [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -CINQ-CYGNE (Comtesse de), mother of Laurence de Cinq-Cygne. Widow at -the time of the Revolution. She died in the height of a nervous fever -induced by an attack on her chateau at Troyes by the populace in 1793. -[The Gondreville Mystery.] - -CINQ-CYGNE (Marquis de), name of Adrien d'Hauteserre after his -marriage with Laurence de Cinq-Cygne. (See Hauteserre, Adrien d'.) - -CINQ-CYGNE (Laurence, Comtesse, afterwards Marquise de), born in 1781. -Left an orphan at the age of twelve, she lived, at the last of the -eighteenth and the first of the nineteenth century, with her kinsman -and tutor M. d'Hauteserre at Cinq-Cygne, Aube. She was loved by both -her cousins, Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul de Simeuse, and also by the -younger of her tutor's two sons, Adrien d'Hauteserre, whom she married -in 1813. Laurence de Cinq-Cygne struggled valiantly against a cunning -and redoubtable police-agency, the soul of which was Corentin. The -King of France approved the charter of the Count of Champagne, by -virtue of which, in the family of Cinq-Cygne, a woman might "ennoble -and succeed"; therefore the husband of Laurence took the name and the -arms of his wife. Although an ardent Royalist she went to seek the -Emperor as far as the battlefield of Jena, in 1806, to ask pardon for -the two Simeuses and the two Hauteserres involved in a political trial -and condemned to hard labor, despite their innocence. Her bold move -succeeded. The Marquise de Cinq-Cygne gave her husband two children, -Paul and Berthe. This family passed the winter season at Paris in a -magnificent mansion on Faubourg du Roule. [The Gondreville Mystery.] -In 1832 Mme. de Cinq-Cygne, at the instance of the Archbishop of -Paris, consented to call on the Princesse de Cadignan who had -reformed. [The Secrets of a Princess.] In 1836 Mme. de Cinq-Cygne was -intimate with Mme. de la Chanterie. [The Seamy Side of History.] Under -the Restoration, and principally during Charles X.'s reign, Mme. de -Cinq-Cygne exercised a sort of sovereignty over the Department of the -Aube which the Comte de Gondreville counterbalanced in a measure by -his family connections and through the generosity of the department. -Some time after the death of Louis XVIII. she brought about the -election of Francois Michu as president of the Arcis Court. [The -Member for Arcis.] - -CINQ-CYGNE (Jules de), only brother of Laurence de Cinq-Cygne. He -emigrated at the outbreak of the Revolution and died for the Royalist -cause at Mayence. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -CINQ-CYGNE (Paul de), son of Laurence de Cinq-Cygne and of Adrien -d'Hauteserre; he became marquis after his father's death. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] - -CINQ-CYGNE (Berthe de). (See Maufrigneuse, Mme. Georges de.) - -CIPREY of Provins, Seine-et-Marne; nephew of the maternal grandmother -of Pierrette Lorrain. He formed one of the family council called -together in 1828 to decide whether or not the young girl should remain -underneath Denis Rogron's roof. This council replaced Rogron with the -notary Auffray and chose Ciprey for vice-guardian. [Pierrette.] - -CLAES-MOLINA (Balthazar), Comte de Nourho; born at Douai in 1761 and -died in the same town in 1832; sprung from a famous family of Flemish -weavers, allied to a very noble Spanish family, time of Philip II. In -1795 he married Josephine de Temninck of Brussels, and lived happily -with her until 1809, at which time a Polish officer, Adam de -Wierzchownia, seeking shelter at the Claes mansion, discussed with him -the subject of chemical affinity. From that time on Balthazar, who -formerly had worked in Lavoisier's laboratory, buried himself -exclusively in the "quest of the absolute." He expended seven millions -in experiments, leaving his wife to die of neglect. From 1820 to 1825* -he was a tax-collector in Brittany--duties performed by his elder -daughter who had secured the position for him in order to divert him -from his barren labors. During this time she rehabilitated the family -fortunes. Balthazar died, almost insane, crying "Eureka!" [The Quest -of the Absolute.] - -* Given erroneously in original text as 1852.--J.W.M. - -CLAES (Josephine de Temninck, Madame), wife of Balthazar Claes; born -at Brussels in 1770, died at Douai in 1816; a native Spaniard on her -mother's side; commonly called Pepita. She was small, crooked and -lame, with heavy black hair and glowing eyes. She gave her husband -four children: Marguerite, Felicie, Gabriel (or Gustave) and -Jean-Balthazar. She was passionatley devoted to her husband, and died -of grief over his neglect of her for the scientific experiments which -never came to an end. [The Quest of the Absolute.] Mme. Claes counted -among her kin the Evangelistas of Bordeau. [A Marriage Settlement.] - -CLAES (Marguerite), elder daughter of Balthazar Claes and Josephine de -Temninck. (See Solis, Madame de.) - -CLAES (Felicie), second daughter of Balthazar Claes and of Josephine -de Temninck; born in 1801. (See Pierquin, Madame.) - -CLAES (Gabriel or Gustave), third child of Balthazar Claes and of -Josephine de Temninck; born about 1802. He attended the College of -Douai, afterwards entering the Ecole Polytechnique, becoming an -engineer of roads and bridges. In 1825 he married Mlle. Conyncks of -Cambrai. [The Quest of the Absolute.] - -CLAES (Jean-Balthazar) last child of Balthazar Claes and Josephine de -Temninck; born in the early part of the nineteenth century. [The Quest -of the Absolute.] - -CLAGNY (J.-B. de), public prosecutor at Sancerre in 1836. A passionate -admirer of Dinah de la Baudraye. He got transferred to Paris when she -returned there, and became successively the substitute for the general -prosecutor, attorney-general and finally attorney-general to the Court -of Cassation. He watched over and protected the misguided woman, -consenting to act as godfather to the child she had by Lousteau. [The -Muse of the Department.] - -CLAGNY (Madame de), wife of the preceding. To use an expression of M. -Gravier's, she was "ugly enough to chase a young Cossack" in 1814. -Mme. de Clagny associated with Mme. de la Baudraye. [The Muse of the -Department.] - -CLAPARON, clerk for the Minister of the Interior under the Republic -and Empire. Friend of Bridau, Sr., after whose death he continued his -cordial relations with Mme. Bridau. He gave much attention to Philippe -and Joseph on their mother's account. Claparon died in 1820. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] - -CLAPARON (Charles), son of the preceding; born about 1790. Business -man and banker (rue de Provence); at first a commercial traveler; an -aide of F. du Tillet in transactions of somewhat shady nature. He was -invited to the famous ball given by Cesar Birotteau in honor of -Cesar's nomination to the Legion of Honor and the release of French -possessions. [A Bachelor's Establishment. Cesar Birotteau.] In 1821, -at the Bourse in Paris, he made a peculiar bargain with the cashier -Castanier, who transferred to him, in exchange for his own -individuality, the power which he had received from John Melmoth, the -Englishman. [Melmoth Reconciled.] He was interested in the third -liquidation of Nucingen in 1826, a settlement which made the fortune -of the Alsatian banker whose "man of straw" he was for some time. [The -Firm of Nucingen.] He was associated with Cerizet who deceived him in -a deal about a house sold to Thuillier. Becoming bankrupt he embarked -for America about 1840. He was probably condemned for contumacy on -account of swindling. [A Man of Business. The Middle Classes.] - -CLAPART, employe to the prefecture of the Seine during the -Restoration, at a salary of twelve hundred francs. Born about 1776. -About 1803 he married a widow Husson, aged twenty-two. At that time he -was employed in the Bureau of Finance, at a salary of eighteen hundred -francs and a promise of more. But his known incapacity held him down -to a secondary place. At the fall of the Empire he lost his position, -obtaining his new one on the recommendation of the Comte de Serizy. -Mme. Husson had by her first husband a child that was Clapart's evil -genius. In 1822 his family occupied an apartment renting for two -hundred and fifty francs at number seven rue de la Cerisaie. There he -saw much of the old pensioner Poiret. Clapart was killed by the -Fieschi attack of July 28, 1835. [A Start in Life.] - -CLAPART (Madame), wife of the preceding; born in 1780; one of the -"Aspasias" of the Directory, and famous for her acquaintance with one -of the "Pentarques." He married her to Husson the contractor, who made -millions but who became bankrupt suddenly through the First Consul, -and suicided in 1802. At that time she was mistress of Moreau, steward -of M. de Serizy. Moreau was in love with her and would have made her -his wife, but just then was under sentence of death and a fugitive. -Thus it was that in her distress she married Clapart, a clerk in the -Bureau of Finance. By her first husband Mme. Clapart had a son, Oscar -Husson, whom she was bound up in, but whose boyish pranks caused her -much trouble. During the first Empire Mme. Clapart was a -lady-in-waiting to Mme. Mere--Letitia Bonaparte. [A Start in Life.] - -CLARIMBAULT (Marechal de), maternal grandfather of Mme. de Beauseant. -He had married the daughter of Chevalier de Rastignac, great-uncle of -Eugene de Rastignac. [Father Goriot.] - -CLAUDE, an idiot who died in the village of Dauphine in 1829, nursed -and metamorphosed by Dr. Benassis. [The Country Doctor.] - -CLERETTI, an architect of Paris who was quite the fashion in 1843. -Grindot, though decadent at this time, tried to compete with him. -[Cousin Betty.] - -CLERGET (Basine), laundress at Angouleme during the Restoration, who -succeeded Mme. Prieur with whom Eve Chardon had worked. Basine Clerget -concealed David Sechard and Kolb when Sechard was pursued by the -Cointet brothers. [Lost Illusions.] - -CLOUSIER, retired attorney of Limoges; justice of the peace at -Montegnac after 1809. He was in touch with Mme. Graslin when she moved -there about 1830. An upright, phlegmatic man who finally led the -contemplative life of one of the ancient hermits. [The Country -Parson.] - -COCHEGRUE (Jean), a Chouan who died of wounds received at the fight of -La Pelerine or at the siege of Fourgeres in 1799. Abbe Gudin said a -mass, in the forest, for the repose of Jean Cochegrue, and others -slain by the "Blues." [The Chouans.] - -COCHET (Francoise), chambermaid of Modeste Mignon at Havre in 1829. -She received the answers to the letters addressed by Modeste to -Canalis. She had also faithfully served Bettina-Caroline, Modeste's -elder sister who took her to Paris. [Modeste Mignon.] - -COCHIN (Emile-Louis-Lucien-Emmanuel), employe in Clergeot's division -of the Bureau of Finance during the Restoration. He had a brother who -looked after him in the administration. At this time Cochin was also a -silent partner in Matifat's drug-store. Colleville invented an anagram -on Cochin's name; with his given names it made up "Cochenille." Cochin -and his wife were in Birotteau's circle, being present with their son -at the famous ball given by the perfumer. In 1840, Cochin, now a -baron, was spoken of by Anselme Popinot as the oracle of the Lombard -and Bourdonnais quarters. [Cesar Birotteau. The Government Clerks. The -Firm of Nucingen. The Middle Classes.] - -COCHIN, (Adolphe), son of the preceding; an employe of the Minister of -Finance as his father had been for some years. In 1826 his parents -tried to obtain for him the hand of Mlle. Matifat. [Cesar Birotteau. -The Firm of Nucingen.] - -COFFINET, porter of a house belonging to Thuillier on rue -Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer, Paris, in 1840. His employer put him to work -in connection with the "Echo de la Bievre," when Louis-Jerome -Thuillier became editor-in-chief of this paper. [The Middle Classes.] - -COFFINET, (Madame), wife of the preceding. She looked after Theodose -de la Peyrade's establishment. [The Middle Classes.] - -COGNET, inn-keeper at Issoudun during the Restoration. House of the -"Knights of Idlesse" captained by Maxence Gilet. A former groom; born -about 1767; short, thickset, wife-led, one-eyed. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -COGNET (Madame), known as Mother Cognet, wife of the preceding; born -about 1783. A retired cook of a good house, who on account of her -"Cordon bleu" talents, was chosen to be the Leonarde of the Order -which had Maxence Gilet for chief. A tall, swarthy woman of -intelligent and pleasant demeanor. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -COINTET (Boniface), and his brother Jean, ran a thriving -printing-office at Angouleme during the Restoration. He ruined David -Sechard's shop by methods hardly honorable. Boniface Cointet was older -than Jean, and was usually called Cointet the Great. He put on the -devout. Extremely wealthy, he became deputy, was made a peer of France -and Minister of Commerce in Louis Philippe's coalition ministry. In -1842 he married Mlle. Popinot, daughter of Anselme Popinot. [Lost -Illusions. The Firm of Nucingen.] On May, 1839, he presided at the -sitting of the Chamber of Deputies when the election of Sallenauve was -ratified. [The Member for Arcis.] - -COINTET (Jean), younger brother of the preceding; known as "Fatty" -Cointet; was foreman of the printing-office, while his brother ran the -business end. Jean Cointet passed for a good fellow and acted the -generous part. [Lost Illusions.] - -COLAS (Jacques), a consumptive child of a village near Grenoble, who -was attended by Dr. Benassis. His passion was singing, for which he -had a very pure voice. Lived with his mother who was poverty-stricken. -Died in the latter part of 1829 at the age of fifteen, shortly after -the death of his benefactor, the physician. A nephew of Moreau, the -old laborer. [The Country Doctor.] - -COLLEVILLE, son of a talented musician, once leading violin of the -Opera under Francoeur and Rebel. He himself was first clarionet at the -Opera-Comique, and at the same time chief clerk under the Minister of -Finance, and, in additon, book-keeper for a merchant from seven to -nine in the mornings. Great on anagrams. Made deputy-chief clerk in -Baudoyer's bureau when the latter was promoted to division chief. He -was preceptor at Paris six months later. In 1832 he became secretary -to the mayor of the twelfth Arrondissement and officer of the Legion -of Honor. At that time Colleville lived with his wife and family on -rue d'Enfer. He was Thuillier's most intimate friend. [The Government -Clerks. The Middle Classes.] - -COLLEVILLE (Flavie Minoret, Madame), born in 1798; wife of the -preceding; daughter of a celebrated dancer and, supposedly, of M. du -Bourguier. She made a love match and between 1816 and 1826 bore five -children, each of whom resembled and may actually have had a different -father: 1st. A daughter born in 1816, who favored Colleville. 2d. A -son, Charles, cut out for a soldier, born during his mother's -acquaintance with Charles de Gondreville, under-lieutenant of the -dragoons of Saint-Chamans. 3d. A son, Francois, destined for business, -born during Mme. Colleville's intimacy with Francois Keller, the -banker. 4th. A daughter, Celeste born in 1821, of whom Thuillier, -Colleville's best friend, was the godfather--and father _in partibus_. -(See Phellion, Mme. Felix.) 5th. A son, Theodore, or Anatole, born at -a period of religious zeal. Madame Colleville was a Parisian, piquant, -winning and pretty, as well as clever and ethereal. She made her -husband very happy. He owed all his advancement to her. In the -interests of their ambition she granted momentary favor to Chardin des -Lupeaulx, the Secretary-General. On Wednesdays she was at home to -artists and distinguished people. [The Government Clerks. Cousin -Betty. The Middle Classes.] - -COLLIN (Jacques), born in 1779. Reared by the Fathers of the Oratory. -He went as far as rhetoric, at school, and was then put in a bank by -his aunt, Jacqueline Collin. Accused, however, of a crime probably -committed by Franchessini, he fled the country. Later he was sent to -the galleys where he remained from 1810 to 1815, when he escaped and -came to Paris, stopping under the name of Vautrin at the Vauquer -pension. There he knew Rastignac, then a young man, became interested -in him, and tried to bring about his marriage with Victorine -Taillefer, for whom he procured a rich dowry by causing her brother to -be slain in a duel with Franchessini. Bibi-Lupin, chief of secret -police, arrested him in 1819 and returned him to the bagne, whence he -escaped again in 1820, reappearing in Paris as Carlos Herrera, -honorary canon of the Chapter of Toledo. At this time he rescued -Lucien de Rubempre from suicide, and took charge of the young poet. -Accused, with the latter, of having murdered Esther Gobseck, who in -truth was poisoned, Jacques Collin was acquitted of this charge, and -ended by becoming chief of secret police under the name of -Saint-Esteve, in 1830. He held this position till 1845. He finally -became wealthy, having an income of twelve thousand francs, three -hundred thousand francs inherited from Lucien de Rubempre, and the -profits of a green-leather manufactory at Gentilly. [Father Goriot. -Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life. The Member for Arcis.] In addition to the pseudonym -of M. Jules, under which he was known by Catherine Goussard, Jacques -Collin also took for a time the English name of William Barker, -creditor for Georges d'Estourny. Under this name he hoodwinked the -cunning Cerizet, inducing that "man of business" to endorse some notes -for him. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] He was also nick-named -"Trompe-la-Mort." - -COLLIN, (Jacqueline), aunt of Jacques Collin, whom she had reared; -born at Java. In her youth she was Marat's mistress, and afterwards -had relations with the chemist, Duvignon, who was condemned to death -for counterfeiting in 1799. During this intimacy she attained a -dangerous knowledge of toxicology. From 1800 to 1805 she was a -clothing dealer; and from 1806 to 1808 she spent two years in prison -for having influenced minors. From 1824 to 1830 Mlle. Collin exerted a -strong influence over Jacques, alias Vautrin, toward his life of -adventure without the pale of the law. Her strong point was disguises. -In 1839 she ran a matrimonial bureau on rue de Provence, under the -name of Mme. de Saint-Esteve. She often borrowed the name of her -friend Mme. Nourrisson, who, during the time of Louis Philippe, made a -pretence of business more or less dubious on rue Neuve-Saint-Marc. She -had some dealings with Victorin Hulot, at whose instance she brought -about the overthrow of Mme. Marneffe, mistress, and afterwards wife, -of Crevel. Under the name of Asie, Jacqueline Collin made an excellent -cook for Esther Gobseck, whom she was ordered by Vautrin to watch. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Cousin Betty. The Unconscious -Humorists.] - -COLLINET, grocer at Arcis-sur-Aube, time of Louis Philippe. Elector -for the Liberals headed by Colonel Giguet. [The Member for Arcis.] - -COLLINET (Francois-Joseph), merchant of Nantes. In 1814 the political -changes brought about his business failure. He went to America, -returning in 1824 enriched, and re-established. He had caused the loss -of twenty-four thousand francs to M. and Mme. Lorrain, small retailers -of Pen-Hoel, and father and mother of Major Lorrain. But, on his -return to France, he restored to Mme. Lorrain, then a widow and almost -a septuagenarian, forty-two thousand francs, being capital and -interest of his indebtedness to her. [Pierrette.] - -COLONNA, aged Italian at Genoa, during the later part of the -eighteenth century. He had reared Luigia Porta under the name of -Colonna and as his own son, from the age of six until the time when -the young man enlisted in the French army. [The Vendetta.] - -COLOQUINTE, given name of a pensioner who was "office boy" in Finot's -newspaper office in 1820. He had been through the Egyptian campaign, -losing an arm at the Battle of Montmirail. [A Bachelor's -Establishment. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -COLORAT (Jerome), estate-keeper for Mme. Graslin at Montegnac; born at -Limoges. Retired soldier of the Empire; ex-sergeant in the Royal -Guard; at one time estate-keeper for M. de Navarreins, before entering -Mme. Graslin's service. [The Country Parson.] - -CONSTANCE, chambermaid for Mme. de Restaud in 1819. Through her old -Goriot knew about everything that was going on at the home of his -elder daughter. This Constance, sometimes called Victorie, took money -to her mistress when the latter needed it. [Father Goriot.] - -CONSTANT DE REBECQUE (Benjamin), born at Lausanne in 1767, died at -Paris, December 8, 1830. About the end of 1821 he is discovered in -Dauriat's book-shop at Palais-Royal, where Lucien de Rubempre noticed -his splendid head and spiritual eyes. [A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] - -CONTI (Gennaro), musical composer; of Neapolitan origin, but born at -Marseilles. Lover of Mlle. des Touches--Camille Maupin--in 1821-1822. -Afterwards he paid court to Marquise Beatrix de Rochefide. [Lost -Illusions. Beatrix.] - -CONYNCKS, family of Bruges, who were maternal ancestors of Marguerite -Claes. In 1812 this young girl at sixteen was the living image of a -Conyncks, her grandmother whose portrait hung in Balthazar Claes' -home. A Conyncks, also of Bruges but later established at Cambrai, was -granduncle of the children of Balthazar Claes, and was appointed their -vice-guardian after the death of Mme. Claes. He had a daughter who -married Gabriel Claes. [The Quest of the Absolute.] - -COQUELIN (Monsieur and Madame), hardware dealers, successors to -Claude-Joseph Pillerault in a store on quai de la Ferraille, sign of -the Golden Bell. Guests at the big ball given by Cesar Birotteau. -After getting the invitation, Mme. Coquelin ordered a magnificent gown -for the occasion. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -COQUET, chief of bureau to the Minister of War, in Lebrun's division -in 1838. Marneffe was his successor. Coquet had been in the service of -the administration since 1809, and had given perfect satisfaction. He -was a married man and his wife was still living at the time when he -was displaced. [Cousin Betty.] - -CORALIE (Mademoiselle), actress at the Panorama-Dramatique and at the -Theatre du Gymnase, Paris, time of Louis XVIII. Born in 1803 and -brought up a Catholic, she was nevertheless of distinct Jewish type. -She died in August, 1822. Her mother sold her at fifteen to young -Henri de Marsay, whom she abhorred and who soon deserted her. She was -then maintained by Camusot, who was not obnoxious. She fell in love -with Lucien de Rubempre at first sight, surrendering to him -immediately and being faithful to him until her dying breath. The -glory and downfall of Coralie dated from this love. An original -criticism of the young Chardon established the success of "L'Alcade -dans l'Embarras," at the Marais, and brought to Coralie, one of the -principals in the play, an engagement at Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle, -with a salary of twelve thousand francs. But here the artist stranded, -the victim of a cabal, despite the protection of Camille Maupin. At -first she was housed on rue de Vendome, afterwards in a more modest -lodging where she died, attended and nursed by her cousin, Berenice. -She had sold her elegant furniture to Cardot, Sr., on leaving the -apartment on rue de Vendome, and in order to avoid moving it, he -installed Florentine there. Coralie was the rival of Mme. Perrin and -of Mlle. Fleuriet, whom she resembled and whose destiny should have -been her own. The funeral service of Coralie took place at noon in the -little church of Notre-Dame de Bonne-Nouvelle. Camusot promised to -purchase a plot of ground for her in the cemetery of Pere-Lachaise. [A -Start in Life. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -CORBIGNY (De), prefect of Loire-et-Cher, in 1811. Friend of Mme. de -Stael who authorized him to place Louis Lambert, at her expense, in -the College of Vendome. He probably died in 1812. [Louis Lambert.] - -CORBINET, notary at Soulanges, Burgundy, in 1823, and at one time an -old patron of Sibilet's. The Gravelots, lumber dealers, were clients -of his. Commissioned with the sale of Aigues, when General de -Montcornet became wearied with developing his property. At one time -known as Corbineau. [The Peasantry.] - -CORBINET, court-judge at Ville-aux-Fayes in 1823; son of Corbinet the -notary. He belonged, body and soul, to Gaubertin, the all-powerful -mayor of the town. [The Peasantry.] - -CORBINET, retired captain, postal director at Ville-aux-Fayes in 1823; -brother of Corbinet, the notary. The last daughter of Sibilet, the -copy-clerk, was engaged to him when she was sixteen. [The Peasantry.] - -CORENTIN, born at Vendome in 1777; a police-agent of great genius, -trained by Peyrade as Louis David was by Vien. A favorite of Fouche's -and probably his natural son. In 1799 he accompanied Mlle. de Verneuil -sent to lure and betray Alphonse de Montauran, the young chief of the -Bretons who were risen against the Republic. For two years Corentin -was attached to this strange girl as a serpent to a tree. [The -Chouans.] In 1803 he and his chief, Peyrade, were entrusted with a -difficult mission in the department of Aube, where he had to search -the home of Mlle. de Cinq-Cygne. She surprised him at the moment when -he was forcing open a casket, and struck him a blow with her riding -whip. This he avenged cruelly, involving, despite their innocence, the -Hauteserres and the Simeuses, friends and cousins of the young girl. -This was during the affair of the abduction of Senator Malin. About -the same time he concluded another delicate mission to Berlin to the -satisfaction of Talleyrand, the Minister of Foreign Affairs. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] From 1824 to 1830, Corentin was pitted against -the terrible Jacques Collin, alias Vautrin, whose friendly plans in -behalf of Lucien de Rubempre he thwarted so cruelly. Corentin it was -who rendered futile the contemplated marriage of the aspirant with -Clotilde de Grandlieu, bringing about as a consequence the absolute -ruin of the "distinguished provincial at Paris." He rusticated at -Passy, rue des Vignes, about May, 1830. Under Charles X., Corentin was -chief of the political police of the chateau. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] For more than thirty years he lived on rue -Honore-Chevalier under the name of M. du Portail. He sheltered Lydie, -daughter of his friend, Peyrade, after the death of the old -police-agent. About 1840 he brought about her marriage with Theodose de -la Peyrade, nephew of Peyrade, after having upset the plans of the very -astute young man, greatly in love with Celeste Colleville's dowry. -Corentin--M. du Portail--then installed the chosen husband of his -adopted child into his own high official duties. [The Middle Classes.] - -CORMON (Rose-Marie-Victoire). (See Bousquier, Madame du.) - -CORNEVIN, an old native of Perche; foster-father of Olympe Michaud. He -was with the Chouans in 1794 and 1799. In 1823 he was servant at -Michaud's. [The Peasantry.] - -CORNOILLER (Antoine), game-keeper at Saumur; married the sturdy Nanon -then fifty-nine years old, after the death of Grandet, about 1827, and -became general overseer of lands and properties of Eugenie Grandet. -[Eugenie Grandet.] - -CORNOILLER (Madame). (See Nanon.) - -COTTEREAU, well-known smuggler, one of the heads of the Breton -insurrection. In 1799 he was principal in a rather stormy scene at the -Vivetiere, when he threatened the Marquis de Montauran with swearing -allegiance to the First Consul if he did not immediately obtain -noteworthy advantages in payment of seven years of devoted service to -"the good cause." "My men and I have a devilish importunate creditor," -said he, slapping his stomach. One of the brothers of Jean Cottereau, -was nick-named the "Chouan," a title used by all the Western rebels -against the Republic. [The Chouans.] - -COTTIN (Marechal), Prince of Wissembourg; Duke of Orfano; old soldier -of the Republic and the Empire; Minister of War in 1841; born in 1771. -He was obliged to bring great shame upon his old friend and -companion-in-arms, Marshal Hulot, by advising him of the swindling of -the commissariat, Hulot d'Ervy. Marshal Cottin and Nucingen were -witnesses at the wedding of Hortense Hulot and Wenceslas Steinbock. -[Cousin Betty.] - -COTTIN (Francine), a Breton woman, probably born at Fougeres in 1773; -chambermaid and confidante of Mlle. de Verneuil, who had been reared -by Francine's parents. Childhood's friend of Marche-a-Terre, with whom -she used her influence to save the life of her mistress during the -massacre of the "Blues" at the Vivitiere in 1799. [The Chouans.] - -COUDRAI (Du), register of mortgages at Alencon, time of Louis XVIII. A -caller at the home of Mlle. Cormon, and afterwards at that of M. du -Bousquier, who married "the old maid." One of the town's most -open-hearted men; his only faults were having married a rich old lady -who was unendurable, and the habit of making villainous puns at which -he was first to laugh. In 1824 M. du Coudrai was poverty-stricken; he -had lost his place on account of voting the wrong way. [Jealousies of -a Country Town.] - -COUPIAU, Breton courier from Mayenne to Fougeres in 1799. In the -struggle between the "Blues" and the Chouans he took no part, but -acted as circumstances demanded and for his own interests. Indeed he -offered no resistance when the "Brigands" stole the government chests. -Coupiau was nick-named Mene-a-Bien by Marche-a-Terre the Chouan. [The -Chouans.] - -COUPIAU (Sulpice), Chouan and probably the father of Coupiau the -messenger. Killed in 1799 in the battle of La Pelerine or at the seige -of Fougeres. [The Chouans.] - -COURAND (Jenny), florist; mistress of Felix Gaudissart in 1831. At -that time she lived in Paris on rue d'Artois. [Gaudissart the Great.] - -COURCEUIL (Felix), of Alencon, retired army surgeon of the Rebel -forces of the Vendee. In 1809 he furnished arms to the "Brigands." -Involved in the trial known as "Chauffeurs of Mortagne." Condemned to -death for contumacy. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -COURNANT, notary at Provins in 1827; rival of Auffray, the notary; of -the Opposition; one of the few public-spirited men of the little town. -[Pierrette.] - -COURTECUISSE, game-keeper of the Aigues estate in Burgundy under the -Empire and Restoration until 1823. Born about 1777; at first in the -service of Mlle. Laguerre; discharged by General de Montcornet for -absolute incapacity, and replaced by keepers who were trusty and true. -Courtecuisse was a little fellow with a face like a full moon. He was -never so happy as when idle. On leaving he demanded a sum of eleven -hundred francs which was not due him. His master indignantly denied -his claim at first, but yielded the point, however, on being -threatened with a lawsuit, the scandal of which he wished to avoid. -Courtecuisse, out of a job, purchased from Rigou for two thousand -francs the little property of La Bachelerie, enclosed in the Aigues -estate, and wearied himself, without gain, in the management of his -land. He had a daughter who was tolerably pretty and eighteen years -old in 1823. At this time she was in the service of Mme. Mariotte the -elder, at Auxerre. Courtecuisse was given the sobriquet of -"Courtebotte"--short-boot. [The Peasantry.] - -COURTECUISSE (Madame), wife of the preceding; in abject fear of the -miser, Gregoire Rigou, mayor of Blangy, Burgundy. [The Peasantry.] - -COURTEVILLE (Madame de), cousin of Comte de Bauvan on the maternal -side; widow of a judge of the Seine Court. She had a very beautiful -daughter, Amelie, whom the comte wished to marry to his secretary, -Maurice de l'Hostal. [Honorine.] - -COURTOIS, Marsac miller, near Angouleme during the Restoration. In -1821 rumor had it that he intended to wed a miller's widow, his -patroness, who was thirty-two years old. She had one hundred thousand -francs in her own right. David Sechard was advised by his father to -ask the hand of this rich widow. At the end of 1822 Courtois, now -married, sheltered Lucien de Rubempre, returning almost dead from -Paris. [Lost Illusions.] - -COURTOIS (Madame), wife of the preceding, who cared sympathetically -for Lucien de Rubempre, on his return. [Lost Illusions.] - -COUSSARD (Laurent). (See Goussard, Laurent.) - -COUTELIER, a creditor of Maxime de Trailles. The Coutelier credit, -purchased for five hundred francs by the Claparon-Cerizet firm, came -to thirty-two hundred francs, seventy-five centimes, capital, interest -and costs. It was recovered by Cerizet by means of a strategy worthy -of a Scapin. [A Man of Business.] - -COUTURE, a kind of financier-journalist of an equivocal reputation; -born about 1797. One of Mme. Schontz's earliest friends; and she alone -remained faithful to him when he was ruined by the downfall of the -ministry of March 1st, 1840. Couture was always welcome at the home of -the courtesan, who dreamed, perhaps, of making him her husband. But he -presented Fabien du Ronceret to her and the "lorette" married him. In -1836, in company with Finot and Blondet, he was present in a private -room of a well-known restaurant when Jean-Jacques Bixiou related the -origin of the Nucingen fortune. At the time of his transient wealth -Couture splendidly maintained Jenny Cadine. At one time he was -celebrated for his waistcoats. He had no known relationship with the -widow Couture. [Beatrix. The Firm of Nucingen.] The financier drew -upon himself the hatred of Cerizet for having deceived him in a deal -about the purchase of lands and houses situated in the suburbs of the -Madeleine, an affair in which Jerome Thuillier was afterwards -concerned. [The Middle Classes.] - -COUTURE (Madame), widow of an ordonnance-commissary of the French -Republic. Relative and protectress of Mlle. Victorine Taillefer with -whom she lived at the Vauquer pension, in 1819. [Father Goriot.] - -COUTURIER (Abbe), curate of Saint-Leonard church at Alencon, time of -Louis XVIII. Spiritual adviser of Mlle. Cormon, remaining her -confessor after her marriage with Du Bousquier, and influencing her in -the way of excessive penances. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -CREMIERE, tax-collector at Nemours during the Restoration. Nephew by -marriage of Dr. Minoret, who had secured the position for him, -furnishing his security. One of the three collateral heirs of the old -physician, the two others being Minoret-Levrault, the postmaster, and -Massin-Levrault, copy-clerk to the justice of the peace. In the -curious branching of these four Gatinais bourgeois families--the -Minorets, the Massins, the Levraults and the Cremieres--the tax -collector belonged to the Cremiere-Cremiere branch. He had several -children, among others a daughter named Angelique. After the -Revolution of July, 1830, he became municipal councillor. [Ursule -Mirouet.] - -CREMIERE (Madame), nee Massin-Massin, wife of the tax-collector, and -niece of Dr. Minoret--that is, daughter of the old physician's sister. -A stout woman with a muddy blonde complexion splotched with freckles. -Passed for an educated person on account of her novel-reading. Her -_lapsi linguoe_ were maliciously spread abroad by Goupil, the notary's -clerk, who labelled them, "Capsulinguettes"; indeed, Mme. Cremiere -thus translated the two Latin words. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -CREMIERE-DIONIS, always called Dionis, which name see. - -CREVEL (Celestin), born between 1786 and 1788; clerked for Cesar -Birotteau the perfumer--first as second clerk, then as head-clerk when -Popinot left the house to set up in business for himself. After his -patron's failure in 1819, he purchased for five thousand seven hundred -francs, "The Queen of Roses," making his own fortune thereby. During -the reign of Louis Philippe he lived on his income. Captain, then -chief of battalion in the National Guard; officer of the Legion of -Honor; mayor of one of the arrondissements of Paris, he ended up by -being a very great personage. He had married the daughter of a farmer -of Brie; became a widower in 1833, when he gave himself over to a life -of pleasure. He maintained Josepha, who was taken away from him by his -friend, Baron Hulot. To avenge himself he tried to win Mme. Hulot. He -"protected" Heloise Brisetout. Finally he was smitten with Mme. -Marneffe, whom he had for mistress and afterwards married when she -became a widow in 1843. In May of this same year, Crevel and his wife -died of a horrible disease which had been communicated to Valerie by a -negro belonging to Montes the Brazilian. In 1838 Crevel lived on rue -des Saussaies; at the same time he owned a little house on rue du -Dauphin, where he had prepared a secret chamber for Mme. Marneffe; -this last house he leased to Maxime de Trailles. Besides these Crevel -owned: a house on rue Barbet de Jouy; the Presles property bought of -Mme. de Serizy at a cost of three million francs. He caused himself to -be made a member of the General Council of Seine-et-Oise. By his first -marriage he had an only daughter, Celestine, who married Victorin -Hulot. [Cesar Birotteau. Cousin Betty.] In 1844-1845 Crevel owned a -share in the management of the theatre directed by Gaudissart. [Cousin -Pons.] - -CREVEL (Celestine), only child of the first marriage of the preceding. -(See Hulot, Mme. Victorin.) - -CREVEL (Madame Celestin), born Valerie Fortin in 1815; natural -daughter of the Comte de Montcornet, marshal of France; married, first -Marneffe, an employe in the War Office, with whom she broke faith by -agreement with the clerk; and second, Celestin Crevel. She bore -Marneffe a child, a stunted, scrawny urchin named Stanislas. An -intimate friend of Lisbeth Fischer who utilized Valerie's irresistible -attractions for the satisfying of her hatred towards her rich -relatives. At this time Mme. Marneffe belonged jointly to Marneffe, to -the Brazilian Montes, to Steinbock the Pole, to Celestin Crevel and to -Baron Hulot. Each of these she held responsible for a child born in -1841, and which died on coming into the world. By prearrangement, she -was surprised with Hulot by the police-commissioners, during this -period, in Crevel's cottage on rue du Dauphin. After having lived with -Marneffe on rue du Doyenne in the house occuped by Lisbeth Fischer ---"Cousin Betty"--she was installed by Baron Hulot on rue Vaneau; then -by Crevel in a mansion on rue Barbet-de-Jouy. She died in 1843, two -days prior to Celestin. She perished while trying to "cajole God"--to -use her own expression. She bequeathed, as a restitution, 300,000 -francs to Hector Hulot. Valerie Marneffe did not lack spirit. Claude -Vignon, the great critic, especially appreciated this woman's -intellectual depravity. [Cousin Betty.] - -CROCHARD, Opera dancer in the second half of the eighteenth century. -Director of theatrical evolutions. He commanded a band of assailants -upon the Bastile, July 14, 1789; became an officer, a colonel, dying -of wounds received at Lutzen, May 2, 1813. [A Second Home.] - -CROCHARD (Madame), widow of the preceding. Before the Revolution she -had sung with her husband in the chorus. In 1815 she lived wretchedly -with her daughter Caroline, following the embroiderer's trade, in a -house on rue du Tourniquet-Saint-Jean, which belonged to Molineux. -Wishing to find a protector for her daughter, Caroline, Mme. Crochard -favored the attentions of the Comte de Granville. He rewarded her with -a life-annuity of three thousand francs. She died, in 1822, in a -comfortable lodging on rue Saint-Louis at Marais. She constantly wore -on her breast the cross of chevalier of the Legion of Honor conferred -on her husband by the Emperor. The widow Crochard, watched by an eager -circle, received, at her last moments, a visit from Abbe Fontanon, -confessor of the Comtesse de Granville, and was greatly troubled by -the prelate's proceedings. [A Second Home.] - -CROCHARD (Caroline), daughter of the proceding; born in 1797. For -several years during the Restoration she was the mistress of Comte de -Granville; at that time she was known as Mlle. de Bellefeuille, from -the name of a small piece of property at Gatinais given to the young -woman by an uncle of the comte who had taken a liking to her. Her -lover installed her in an elegant apartment on rue Taitbout, where -Esther Gobseck afterwards lived. Caroline Crochard abandoned M. de -Granville and a good position for a needy young fellow named Solvet, -who ran through with all her property. Sick and poverty-stricken in -1833, she lived in a wretched two-story house on rue Gaillon. She gave -the Comte de Granville a son, Charles, and a daughter, Eugenie. [A -Second Home.] - -CROCHARD (Charles), illegitimate child of Comte de Granville and -Caroline Crochard. In 1833 he was apprehended for a considerable -theft, when he appealed to his father through the agency of Eugene de -Granville, his half-brother. The comte gave the latter money enough to -clear up the miserable business, if such were possible. [A Second -Home.] The theft in question was committed at the home of Mlle. -Beaumesnil. He carried off her diamonds. [The Middle Classes.] - -CROISIER (Du). (See Bousquier, Du.) - -CROIZEAU, former coachmaker to Bonaparte's Imperial court; had an -income of about forty thousand francs; lived on rue Buffault; a -widower without children. He was a constant visitor at Antonia -Chocardelle's reading-room on rue Coquenard, time of Louis Philippe, -and he offered to marry the "charming woman." [A Man of Business.] - -CROTTAT (Monsieur and Madame), retired farmers; parents of the notary -Crottat, assassinated by some thieves, among them being the notorious -Dannepont, alias La Pouraille. The trial of this crime was called in -May, 1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] They were well-to-do folk -and, according to Cesar Birotteau who knew them, old man Crottat was -as "close as a snail." [Cesar Birotteau.] - -CROTTAT (Alexandre), head-clerk of Maitre Roguin, and his successor in -1819, after the flight of the notary. He married the daughter of -Lourdois, the painting-contractor. Cesar Birotteau thought for a time -of making him his son-in-law. He called him, familiarly, "Xandrot." -Alexandre Crottat was a guest at the famous ball given by the perfumer -in December, 1818. He was in friendly relations with Derville, the -attorney, who commissioned him with a sort of half-pay for Colonel -Chabert. He was also Comtesse Ferraud's notary at this time. [Cesar -Birotteau. Colonel Chabert.] In 1822 he was notary to Comte de Serizy. -[A Start in Life.] He was also notary to Charles de Vandenesse; and -one evening, at the home of the marquis, he made some awkward -allusions which undoubtedly recalled unpleasant memories to his client -and Mme. d'Aiglemont. Upon his return home he narrated the particulars -to his wife, who chided him sharply. [A Woman of Thirty.] Alexandre -Crottat and Leopold Hannequin signed the will dictated by Sylvain Pons -on his death-bed. [Cousin Pons.] - -CRUCHOT (Abbe), priest of Saumur; dignitary of the Chapter of -Saint-Martin of Tours; brother of Cruchot, the notary; uncle of -President Cruchot de Bonfons; the Talleyrand of his family; after much -angling he induced Eugenie Grandet to wed the president in 1827. -[Eugenie Grandet.] - -CRUCHOT, notary at Saumur during the Restoration; brother of Abbe -Cruchot; uncle of President Cruchot de Bonfons. He as well as the -prelate was much concerned with making the match between his nephew -and Eugenie Grandet. The young girl's father entrusted M. Cruchot with -his usurious dealings and probably with all his money matters. -[Eugenie Grandet.] - -CURIEUX (Catherine). (See Farrabesche, Madame.) - -CYDALISE, magnificent woman of Valognes, Normandy, who launched out in -Paris in 1840 to make capital out of her beauty. Born in 1824, she was -then only sixteen. She served as an instrument for Montes the -Brazilian who, in order to avenge himself on Mme. Marneffe--now Mme. -Crevel--inoculated the young girl with a terrible disease through one -of his negroes. He in turn obtained it from Cydalise and transmitted -it to the faithless Valerie who died as also did her husband. Cydalise -probably accompanied Montes to Brazil, the only place where this -horrible ailment is curable. [Cousin Betty.] - - - - D - -DALLOT, mason in the suburbs of l'Isle-Adam in the early days of the -Restoration, who was to marry a peasant woman of small wit named -Genevieve. After having courted her for the sake of her little -property, he deserted her for a woman of more means and also of a -sharper intelligence. This separation was so cruel a blow to Genevieve -that she became idiotic. [Farewell.] - -DANNEPONT, alias La Pouraille, one of the assassins of M. and Mme. -Crottat. Imprisoned for his crime in 1830 at the Conciergerie, and -under sentence of capital punishment; an escaped convict who had been -sought on account of other crimes by the police for five years past. -Born about 1785 and sent to the galleys at the age of nineteen. There -he had known Jacques Collin--Vautrin. Riganson, Selerier and he formed -a sort of triumvirate. A short, skinny, dried-up fellow with a face -like a marten. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -DAUPHIN, pastry-cook of Arcis-sur-Aube; well-known Republican. In -1830, in an electoral caucus, he questioned Sallenauve, a candidate -for deputy, about Danton. [The Member for Arcis.] - -DAURIAT, editor and bookman of Paris, on Palais-Royale, Galleries de -Bois during the Restoration. He purchased for three thousand francs a -collection of sonnets "Marguerites" from Lucien de Rubempre, who had -scored a book of Nathan's. But he did not publish the sonnets until a -long time afterwards, and with a success that the author declared to -be posthumous. Dauriat's shop was the rendezvous of writers and -politicians of note at this time. [A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Dauriat, who was Canalis' -publisher, was asked in 1829 by Modeste Mignon for personal -information concerning the poet, to which he made a rather ironical -reply. In speaking of celebrated authors Dauriat was wont to say, "I -have made Canalis. I have made Nathan." [Modeste Mignon.] - -DAVID (Madame), woman living in the outskirts of Brives, who died of -fright on account of the Chauffeurs, time of the Directory. [The -Country Parson.] - -DELBECQ, secretary and steward of Comte Ferraud during the -Restoration. Retired attorney. A capable, ambitious man in the service -of the countess, whom he aided to rid herself of Colonel Chabert when -that officer claimed his former wife. [Colonel Chabert.] - -DENISART, name assumed by Cerizet. - -DERVILLE, attorney at Paris, rue Vivienne, from 1819 to 1840. Born in -1794, the seventh child of an insignificant bourgeois of Noyon. In -1816 he was only second clerk and dwelt on rue des Gres, having for a -neighbor the well-known usurer Gobseck, who later advanced him one -hundred and fifty thousand francs at 15 per cent., with which he -purchased the practice of his patron, a man of pleasure now somewhat -short of funds. Through Gobseck he met his future wife, Jenny Malvaut; -through the same man he learned the Restaud secrets. In the winter of -1829-1830 he told of their troubles to the Vicomtesse de Grandlieu. -Derville had re-established the fortune of the feminine representative -of the Grandlieu's younger branch, at the time of the Bourbon's -re-entry, and therefore was on a friendly footing at her home. -[Gobseck.] He had been a clerk at Bordin's. [A Start in Life. The -Gondreville Mystery.] He was attorney for Colonel Chabert who sought -his conjugal rights with Comtesse Ferraud. He became keenly interested -in the old officer, aiding him and being greatly grieved when, some -years later, he found him plunged into idiocy in the Bicetre hospital. -[Colonel Chabert.] Derville was also attorney for Comte de Serizy, -Mme. de Nucingen and the Ducs de Grandlieu and de Chaulieu, whose -entire confidence he possessed. In 1830, under the name of Saint-Denis, -he and Corentin inquired of the Sechards at Angouleme concerning the -real resources of Lucien de Rubempre. [Father Goriot. Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] - -DERVILLE (Madame), born Jenny Malvaut; wife of Derville the attorney; -young Parisian girl, though born in the country. In 1826 she lived -alone, but maintaining a virtuous life, supported by her work. She was -on the fifth floor of a gloomy house on rue Montmartre, where Gobseck -had called to collect a note signed by her. He pointed her out to -Derville, who married her without a dowry. Later she inherited from an -uncle, a farmer who had become wealthy, seventy thousand francs with -which she aided her husband to cancel his debt with Gobseck. -[Gobseck.] Being anxious for an invitation to the ball given by -Birotteau, she paid a rather unexpected visit to the perfumer's wife. -She made much of the latter and of Mlle. Birotteau, and was invited -with her husband to the festivities. It appears that some years before -her marriage she had worked as dressmaker for the Birotteaus. [Cesar -Birotteau.] - -DESCOINGS (Monsieur and Madame), father-in-law and mother-in-law of -Dr. Rouget of Issoudun. Dealers in wool, acting as selling agents for -owners, and buying agents for fleece merchants of Berry. They also -bought state lands. Rich and miserly. Died during the Republic within -two years of each other and before 1799. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -DESCOINGS, son of the preceding; younger brother of Mme. Rouget, the -doctor's wife; grocer at Paris, on rue Saint-Honore, not far from -Robespierre's quarters. Descoings had married for love the widow of -Bixiou, his predecessor. She was twelve years his senior but well -preserved and "plump as a thrush after harvest." Accused of -foreclosing, he was sent to the scaffold, in company with Andre -Chenier, on the seventh Thermidor of year 2, July 25, 1794. The death -of the grocer caused a greater sensation than did that of the poet. -Cesar Birotteau moved the plant of the perfumery "Queen of Roses" into -Descoings' shop around 1800. The successor of the executed man managed -his business badly; the inventor of the the "Eau Carminative" went -bankrupt. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -DESCOINGS (Madame), born in 1744; widow of two husbands, Bixiou and -Descoings, the latter succeeding the former in the grocer shop on rue -Saint-Honore, Paris. Grandmother of Jean-Jacques Bixiou, the -cartoonist. After the death of M. Bridau, chief of division in the -Department of the Interior, Mme. Descoings, now a widow, came in 1819 -to live with her niece, the widow Bridau, nee Agathe Rouget, bringing -to the common fund an income of six thousand francs. An excellent -woman, known in her day as "the pretty grocer." She ran the household, -but had likewise a decided mania for lottery, and always for the same -numbers; she "nursed a trey." She ended by ruining her niece who had -blindly entrusted her interests to her, but Mme. Descoings repaid for -her foolish doings by an absolute devotion,--all the while continuing -to place her money on the evasive combinations. One day her hoardings -were stolen from her mattress by Philippe Bridau. On this account she -was unable to renew her lottery tickets. Then it was that the famous -trey turned up. Madame Descoings died of grief, December 31, 1821. Had -it not been for the theft she would have become a millionaire. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] - -DESFONDRILLES, substitute judge at Provins during the Restoration; -made president of the court of that town, time of Louis Philippe. An -old fellow more archaeologist than judge, who found delight in the -petty squabbles under his eyes. He forsook Tiphaine's party for the -Liberals headed by lawyer Vinet. [Pierrette.] - -DESLANDES, surgeon of Azay-le-Rideau in 1817. Called in to bleed Mme. -de Mortsauf, whose life was saved by this operation. [The Lily of the -Valley.] - -DESMARETS (Jules), Parisian stock-broker under the Restoration. -Hardworking and upright, being reared in sternness and poverty. When -only a clerk he fell in love with a charming young girl met at his -patron's home, and he married her despite the irregularity connected -with her birth. With the money he obtained by his wife's mother he was -able to purchase the position of the stock-broker for whom he had -clerked; and for several years he was very happy in a mutual love and -a liberal competence--an income of two hundred and fifty thousand -francs. In 1820 he and his wife lived in a large mansion on rue -Menars. In the early years of his wedded life he killed in a duel ---though unknown to his wife--a man who had vilified Mme. Desmarets. -The flawless happiness which abode with this well-mated couple was cut -short by the death of the wife, mortally wounded by a doubt, held for -a moment only by her husband, concerning her faithfulness. Desmarets, -bereaved, sold his place to Martin Falleix's brother and left Paris in -despair. [The Thirteen.] M. and Mme. Desmarets were invited to the -famous ball given by Cesar Birotteau in 1818. After the bankruptcy of -the perfumer, the broker kindly gave him useful tips about placing -funds laboriously scraped together towards the complete reimbursing of -the creditors. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -DESMARETS (Madame Jules), wife of the preceding; natural daughter of -Bourignard alias Ferragus, and of a married woman who passed for her -godmother. She had no civil status, but when she married Jules -Desmarets her name, Clemence, and her age were publicly announced. -Despite herself, Mme. Desmarets was loved by a young officer of the -Royal Guard, Auguste de Maulincour. Mme. Desmaret's secret visits to -her father, a man of mystery, unknown to her husband, caused the -downfall of their absolute happiness. Desmarets thought himself -deceived, and she died on account of his suspicions, in 1820 or 1821. -The remains of Clemence were placed at first in Pere Lachaise, but -afterwards were disinterred, incinerated and sent to Jules Desmarets -by Bourignard, assisted by twelve friends who thus thought to dull the -edge of the keenest of conjugal sorrows. [The Thirteen.] M. and Mme. -Desmarets were often alluded to as M. and Mme. Jules. At the ball -given by Cesar Birotteau, Mme. Desmarets shone as the most beautiful -woman, according to the perfumer's wife herself. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -DESMARETS, Parisian notary during the Restoration; elder brother of -the broker, Jules Desmarets. The notary was set up in business by his -younger brother and grew rich rapidly. He received his brother's will. -He accompanied him to Mme. Desmarets' funeral. [The Thirteen.] - -DESPLEIN, famous surgeon of Paris, born about the middle of the -eighteenth century. Sprung of a poor provincial family, he spent a -youth full of suffering, being enabled to pass his examinations only -through assistance rendered him by his neighbor in poverty, Bourgeat -the water-carrier. For two years he lived with him on the sixth floor -of a wretched house on rue des Quatre-Vents, where later was -established the "Cenacle" with Daniel d'Arthez as host--on which -account the house came to be spoken of as the "bowl for great men." -Desplein, evicted by his landlord whom he could not pay, lodged next -with his friend the Auvergnat in the Court de Rohan, Passage du -Commerce. Afterwards, when an "intern" at Hotel-Dieu, he remembered -the good deeds of Bourgeat, nursed him as a devoted son, and, in the -time of the Empire, established in honor of this simple man who -professed religious sentiments a quarterly mass at Saint-Sulpice, at -which he piously assisted, though himself an outspoken atheist. [The -Atheist's Mass.] In 1806 Desplein had predicted speedy death for an -old fellow then fifty-six years old, but who was still alive in 1846. -[Cousin Pons.] The surgeon was present at the death caused by despair -of M. Chardon, an old military doctor. [Lost Illusions.] Desplein -attended the last hours of Mme. Jules Desmarets, who died in 1820 or -1821; also of the chief of division, Flamet de la Billardiere, who -died in 1824. [The Thirteen. The Government Clerks.] In March, 1828, -at Provins, he performed an operation of trepanning on Pierrette -Lorrain. [Pierrette.] In the same year he undertook a bold operation -upon Mme. Philippe Bridau whose abuse of strong drink had induced a -"magnificent malady" that he believed had disappeared. This operation -was reported in the "Gazette des Hopitaux;" but the patient died. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] In 1829 Desplein was summoned on behalf of -Vanda de Mergi, daughter of Baron de Bourlac. [The Seamy Side of -History.] In the latter part of the same year he operated successfully -upon Mme. Mignon for blindness. In February, 1830, on account of the -foregoing, he was a witness at Modeste Mignon's wedding with Ernest de -la Briere. [Modeste Mignon.] In the beginning of the same yaer, 1830, -he was called by Corentin to visit Baron de Nucingen, love-sick for -Esther Gobseck; and Mme. de Serizy ill on account of the suicide of -Lucien de Rubempre. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] He and his -assistant, Bianchon, waited on Mme. de Bauvan, who was on the verge of -death at the close of 1830 and beginning of 1831. [Honorine.] Desplein -had an only daughter whose marriage in 1829 was arranged with the -Prince of Loudon. - -DESROCHES, clerk of the Minister of the Interior under the Empire; -friend of Bridau Senior, who had procured him the position. He was -also on friendly terms with the chief's widow, at whose home he met, -nearly every evening, his colleagues Du Bruel and Claparon. A dry, -crusty man, who would never become sub-chief, despite his ability. He -earned only one thousand eight hundred francs by running a department -for stamped paper. Retired after the second return of Louis XVIII., he -talked of entering as chief of bureau into an insurance company with a -graduated salary. In 1821, despite his scarcely tender disposition, -Desroches undertook with much discretion and confidence to extricate -Philippe Bridau out of a predicament--the latter having made a "loan" -on the cash-box of the newspaper for which he was working; he brought -about his resignation without any scandal. Desroches was a man of good -"judgment." He remained to the last a friend of the widow Bridau after -the death of MM. du Bruel and Claparon. He was a persistent fisherman. -[A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -DESROCHES (Madame), wife of the preceding. A widow, in 1826, she -sought the hand of Mlle. Matifat for her son, Desroches the attorney. -[The Firm of Nucingen.] - -DESROCHES, son of the two foregoing; born about 1795, reared strictly -by a very harsh father. He went into Derville's office as fourth clerk -in 1818, and on the following year passed to the second clerkship. He -saw Colonel Chabert at Derville's. In 1821 or 1822 he purchased a -lawyer's office with bare title on rue de Bethizy. He was shrewd and -quick and therefore was not long in finding a clientele composed of -litterateurs, artists, actresses, famous lorettes and elegant -Bohemians. He was counsellor for Agathe and Joseph Bridau, and also -gave excellent advice to Philippe Bridau who was setting out for -Issoudun about 1822. [A Bachelor's Establishment. Colonel Chabert. A -Start in Life.] Desroches was advocate for Charles de Vandenesse, -pleading against his brother Felix; for the Marquise d'Espard, seeking -interdiction against her husband; and for the Secretary-General -Chardin des Lupeaulx, with whom he counseled astutely. [A Woman of -Thirty. The Commission in Lunacy. The Government Clerks.] Lucien de -Rubempre consulted Desroches about the seizure of the furniture of -Coralie, his mistress, in 1822. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -Vautrin appreciated the attorney; he said that the latter would be -able to "recover" the Rubempre property, to improve it and make it -capable of yielding Lucien an income of thirty thousand francs, which -would probably have allowed him to wed Clotilde de Grandlieu. [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life.] In 1826 Desroches made a short-lived attempt -to marry Malvina d'Aldrigger. [The Firm of Nucingen.] About 1840 he -related, at Mlle. Turquet's--Malaga's--home, then maintained by Cardot -the notary, and in the presence of Bixiou, Lousteau and Nathan, who -were invited by the tabellion, the tricks employed by Cerizet to -obtain the face value of a note out of Maxime de Trailles. [A Man of -Business.] Indeed, Desroches was Cerizet's lawyer when the latter had -a quarrel with Theodose de la Peyrade in 1840. He also looked after -the interests of the contractor, Sauvaignou, at the same time. [The -Middle Classes.] Desroches' office was probably located for a time on -rue de Buci. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -DESROYS, clerk with the Minister of Finance in Baudoyer's bureau, -under the Restoration. The son of a Conventionalist who had not -favored the King's death. A Republican; friend of Michel Chrestien. He -did not associate with any of his colleagues, but kept his manner of -life so concealed that none knew where he lived. In December, 1824, he -was discharged because of his opinions concerning the denunciation of -Dutocq. [The Government Clerks.] - -DESROZIERS, musician; prize-winner at Rome; died in that city through -typhoid fever in 1836. Friend of the sculptor Dorlange, to whom he -recounted the story of Zambinella, the death of Sarrasine and the -marriage of the Count of Lanty. Desroziers gave music lessons to -Marianina, daughter of the count. The musician employed his friend, -who was momentarily in need of money, to undertake a copy of a statue -of Adonis, which reproduced Zambinella's features. This copy he sold -to M. de Lanty. [The Member for Arcis.] - -DESROZIERS, printer at Moulins, department of the Allier. After 1830 -he published a small volume containing the works of "Jan Diaz, son of -a Spanish prisoner, and born in 1807 at Bourges." This volume had an -introductory sketch on Jan Diaz by M. de Clagny. [The Muse of the -Department.] - -DEY (Comtesse de), born about 1755. Widow of a lieutenant-general -retired to Carentan, department of the Manche, where she died suddenly -in November, 1793, through a shock to her maternal sensibilities. [The -Conscript.] - -DEY (Auguste, Comte de), only son of Mme. de Dey. Made lieutenant of -the dragoons when only eighteen, and followed the princes in -emigration as a point of honor. He was idolized by his mother, who had -remained in France in order to preserve his fortune for him. He -participated in the Granville expedition. Imprisoned as a result of -this affair, he wrote Mme. de Dey that he would arrive at her home, -disguised and a fugitive, within three days' time. But he was shot in -the Morbihan at the exact moment when his mother expired from the -shock of having received instead of her son the conscript Julien -Jussieu. [The Conscript.] - -DIARD (Pierre-Francois), born in the suburbs of Nice; the son of a -merchant-provost; quartermaster of the Sixth regiment of the line, in -1808, then chief of battalion in the Imperial Guard; retired with this -rank on account of a rather severe wound received in Germany; -afterwards an administrator and business man; excessive gambler. -Husband of Juana Mancini who had been the mistress of Captain -Montefiore, Diard's most intimate friend. In 1823, at Bordeaux, Diard -killed and robbed Montefiore, whom he met by accident. Upon his return -home he confessed his crime to his wife who vainly besought him to -commit suicide; and she herself finally blew out his brains with a -pistol shot. [The Maranas.] - -DIARD (Maria-Juana-Pepita), daughter of La Marana, a Venetian -courtesan, and a young Italian nobleman, Mancini, who acknowledged -her. Wife of Pierre-Francois Diard whom she accepted on her mother's -request, after having given herself to Montefiore who did not wish to -marry her. Juana had been reared very strictly in the Spanish home of -Perez de Lagounia, at Tarragone, and she bore her father's name. She -was the descendant of a long line of courtesans, a feminine branch -that had never made legal marriages. The blood of her ancestors was in -her veins; she showed this involuntarily by the way in which she -yielded to Montefiore. Although she did not love her husband, yet she -remained entirely faithful to him, and she killed him for honor's -sake. She had two children. [The Maranas.] - -DIARD (Juan), first child of Mme. Diard. Born seven months after his -mother's marriage, and perhaps the son of Montefiore. He was the image -of Juana, who secretly petted him extravagantly, although she -pretended to like her younger son the better. By a "species of -admirable flattery" Diard had made Juan his choice. [The Maranas.] - -DIARD (Francisque), second son of M. and Mme. Diard, born in Paris. A -counterpart of his father, and the favorite--only outwardly--of his -mother. [The Maranas.] - -DIAZ (Jan), assumed name of Mme. Dinah de la Baudraye. - -DIODATI, owner of a villa on Lake Geneva in 1823-1824.--Character in a -novel called "L'Ambitieux par Amour" published by Albert Savarus in -the "Revue de l'Est" in 1834. [Albert Savarus.] - -DIONIS, notary at Nemours from about 1813 till the early part of the -reign of Louis Philippe. He was a Cremiere-Dionis, but was always -known by the latter name. A shrewd, double-faced individual, who was -secretly a partner with Massin-Levrault the money-lender. He concerned -himself with the inheritance left by Dr. Minoret, giving advice to the -three legatees of the old physician. After the Revolution of 1830, he -was elected mayor of Nemours, instead of M. Levrault, and about 1837 -he became deputy. He was then received at court balls, in company with -his wife, and Mme. Dionis was "enthroned" in the village because of -her "ways of the throne." The couple had at least one daughter. -[Ursule Mirouet.] Dionis breakfasted familiarly with Rastignac, -Minister of Public Works, from 1839 to 1845. [The Member for Arcis.] - -DOGUEREAU, publisher on rue de Coq, Paris, in 1821, having been -established since the first of the century; retired professor of -rhetoric. Lucien de Rubempre offered him his romance, "The Archer of -Charles IX.," but the publisher would not give him more than four -hundred francs for it, so the trade was not concluded. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -DOISY, porter of the Lepitre Institution, quarter du Marais, Paris, -about 1814, at the time when Felix de Vandenesse came there to -complete his course of study. This young man contracted a debt of one -hundred francs on Doisy's account, which resulted in a very severe -reprimand from his mother. [The Lily of the Valley.] - -DOMINIS (Abbe de), priest of Tours during the Restoration; preceptor -of Jacques de Mortsauf. [The Lily of the Valley.] - -DOMMANGET, an accoucheur-physician, famous in Paris at the time of -Louis Philippe. In 1840 he was called in to visit Mme. Calyste du -Guenic, whom he had accouched, and who had taken a dangerous relapse -on learning of her husband's infidelity. She was nursing her son at -this time. On being taken into her confidence, Dommanget treated and -cured her ailment by purely moral methods. [Beatrix.] - -DONI (Massimilla). (See Varese, Princesse de.) - -DORLANGE (Charles), first name of Sallenauve, which name see. - -DORSONVAL (Madame), bourgeoise of Saumur, acquainted with M. and Mme. -de Grassins at the time of the Restoration. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -DOUBLON (Victor-Ange-Hermenegilde), bailiff at Angouleme during the -Restoration. He acted against David Sechard on behalf of the Cointet -brothers. [Lost Illusions.] - -DUBERGHE, wine-merchant of Bordeaux from whom Nucingen purchased in -1815, before the battle of Waterloo, 150,000 bottles of wine, -averaging thirty sous to the bottle. The financier sold them for six -francs each to the allied armies, from 1817 to 1819. [The Firm of -Nucingen.] - -DUBOURDIEU, born about 1805; a symbolic painter of the Fouierist -school; decorated. In 1845 he was met at the corner of rue -Nueve-Vivienne by his friend Leon de Lora, when he expressed his ideas -on art and philosophy to Gazonal and Bixiou, who were with the famous -landscape-painter. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -DUBUT of Caen, merchant connected with MM. de Boisfranc, de Boisfrelon -and de Boislaurier who were also Dubuts, and whose grandfather was a -dealer in linens. Dubut of Caen was involved in the trial of the -Chauffeurs of Mortagne, in 1809, and sentenced to death for contumacy. -During the Restoration, on account of his devotion to the Royal cause, -he had hoped to obtain the succession to the title of M. de Boisfranc. -Louis XVIII. made him grand provost, in 1815, and later public -prosecutor under the coveted name; finally he died as first president -of the court. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -DUCANGE (Victor), novelist and playwright of France: born in 1783 at -La Haye; died in 1833; one of the collaborators on "Thirty Years," or -"A Gambler's Life," and the author of "Leonide." Victor Ducange was -present at Braulard's, the head-claquer's, in 1821, at a dinner where -were also Adele Dupois, Frederic Dupetit-Mere and Mlle. Millot, -Braulard's mistress. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -DUDLEY (Lord), statesman; one of the most distinguished of the older -English peers living in Paris after 1816; husband of Lady Arabella -Dudley; natural father of Henri de Marsay, to whom he paid small -attention, and who became the lover of Arabella. He was "profoundly -immoral." He reckoned among his illegitimate progeny, Euphemia -Porraberil, and among the women he maintained a certain Hortense who -lived on rue Tronchet. Before removing to France, Lord Dudley lived in -his native land with two sons born in wedlock, but who were -astonishingly like Marsay. [The Lily of the Valley. The Thirteen. A -Man of Business.] Lord Dudley was present at Mlle. des Touches, -shortly after 1830, when Marsay, then prime minister, told of his -first love affair, these two statesmen exchanged philosophical -reflections. [Another Study of Woman.] In 1834 he chanced to be -present at a grand ball given by his wife, when he gambled in a salon -with bankers, ambassadors and retired ministers. [A Daughter of Eve.] - -DUDLEY (Lady Arabella), wife of the preceding; member of an -illustrious English family that was free of any _mesalliance_ from the -time of the Conquest; exceedingly wealthy; one of those almost regal -ladies; the idol of the highest French society during the Restoration. -She did not live with her husband to whom she had left two sons who -resembled Marsay, whose mistress she had been. In some way she -succeeded in taking Felix de Vandenesse away from Mme. de Mortsauf, -thus causing that virtuous woman keen anguish. She was born, so she -said, in Lancashire, where women die of love. [The Lily of the -Valley.] In the early years of the reign of Charles X., at least -during the summers, she lived at the village of Chatenay, near Sceaux. -[The Ball at Sceaux.] Raphael de Valentin desired her and would have -sought her but for the fear of exhausting the "magic skin." [The Magic -Skin.] In 1832 she was among the guests at a soiree given by Mme. -d'Espard, where the Duchesse de Maufrigneuse was maligned in the -presence of Daniel d'Arthez, in love with her. [The Secrets of a -Princess.] She was quite jealous of Mme. Felix de Vandenesse, the wife -of her old-time lover, and in 1834-35 she manoeuvred, with Mme. de -Listomere and Mme. d'Espard to make the young woman fall into the arms -of the poet Nathan, whom she wished to be even homelier than he was. -She said to Mme. Felix de Vandenesse: "Marriage, my child, is our -purgatory; love our paradise." [A Daughter of Eve.] Lady Dudley, -vengeance-bent, caused Lady Brandon to die of grief. [Letters of Two -Brides.] - -DUFAU, justice of the peace in a commune in the outskirts of Grenoble, -where Dr. Benassis was mayor under the Restoration. Then a tall, bony -man with gray locks and clothed in black. He aided materially in the -work of regeneration accomplished by the physician in the village. -[The Country Doctor.] - -DUFAURE (Jules-Armand-Stanislaus), attorney and French politician; -born December 4, 1798, at Saujon, Charente-Inferieure; died an -Academician at Rueil in the summer of 1881; friend and co-disciple of -Louis Lambert and of Barchou de Penhoen at the college of Vendome in -1811. [Louis Lambert.] - -DUMAY (Anne-Francois-Bernard), born at Vannes in 1777; son of a rather -mean lawyer, the president of a revolutionary tribunal under the -Republic, and a victim of the guillotine subsequent to the ninth -Thermidor. His mother died of grief. In 1799 Anne Dumay enlisted in -the army of Italy. On the overthrow of the Empire, he retired with the -rank of Lieutenant, and came in touch with Charles Mignon, with whom -he had become acquainted early in his military career. He was -thoroughly devoted to his friend, who had once saved his life at -Waterloo. He gave great assistance to the commercial enterprises of -the Mignon house, and faithfully looked after the interests of Mme. -and Mlle. Mignon during the protracted absence of the head of the -family, who was suddenly ruined. Mignon came back from America a rich -man, and he made Dumay share largely in his fortune. [Modeste Mignon.] - -DUMAY (Madame), nee Grummer, wife of the foregoing; a pretty little -American woman who married Dumay while he was on a journey to America -on behalf of his patron and friend Charles Mignon, during the -Restoration. Having had the misfortune to lose several children at -birth, and deprived of the hope of others, she became entirely devoted -to the two Mignon girls. She as well as her husband was thoroughly -attached to that family. [Modeste Mignon.] - -DUPETIT-MERE (Frederic), born at Paris in 1785 and died in 1827; -dramatic author who enjoyed his brief hour of fame. Under the name of -Frederic he constructed either singly, or in collaboration with -Ducange, Rougemont, Brazier and others, a large number of melodramas, -vaudevilles, and fantasies. In 1821 he was present with Ducange, Adele -Dupuis and Mlle. Millot at a dinner at Braulard's, the head-claquer. -[A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -DUPLANTY (Abbe), vicar of Saint-Francois church at Paris; at -Schmucke's request he administered extreme unction to the dying Pons, -in April, 1845, who understood and appreciated his goodness. [Cousin -Pons.] - -DUPLAY (Madame), wife of a carpenter of rue Honore at whose house -Robespierre lived; a customer of the grocer Descoings, whom she -denounced as a forestaller. This accusation led to the grocer's -imprisonment and execution. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -DUPOTET, a sort of banker established at Croisic under the -Restoration. He had on deposit the modest patrimony of Pierre -Cambremer. [A Seaside Tragedy.] - -DUPUIS, notary of the Saint-Jacques quarter, time of Louis Philippe; -affectedly pious; beadle of the parish. He kept the savings of a lot -of servants. Theodose de la Peyrade, who drummed up trade for him in -this special line, induced Mme. Lambert, the housekeeper of M. Picot, -to place two thousand five hundred francs, saved at her employer's -expense, with this virtuous man, who immediately went into bankruptcy. -[The Middle Classes.] - -DUPUIS (Adele), Parisian actress who for a long time and brilliantly -held the leading roles and creations at the Gaite theatre. In 1821 she -dined with the chief claquer, Braulard, in company with Ducange, -Frederic Dupetit-Mere and Mlle. Millot. [A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] - -DURAND, real name of the Chessels. This name of Chessel had been -borrowed by Mme. Durand, who was born a Chessel. - -DURET (Abbe), cure of Sancerre during the Restoration; aged member of -the old clerical school. Excellent company; a frequenter of the home -of Mme. de la Baudraye, where he satisfied his penchant for gaming. -With much _finesse_ Duret showed this young woman the character of M. -de la Baudraye in its true light. He counseled her to seek in -literature relief from the bitterness of her wedded life. [The Muse of -the Department.] - -DURIAU, a celebrated accoucheur of Paris. Assisted by Bianchon he -delivered Mme. de la Baudraye of a child at the home of Lousteau, its -father, in 1837. [The Muse of the Department.] - -DURIEU, cook and house servant at the chateau de Cinq-Cygne, under the -Consulate. An old and trusted servant, thoroughly devoted to his -mistress, Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, whose fortunes he had always -followed. He was a married man, his wife being general housekeeper in -the establishment. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -DUROC (Gerard-Christophe-Michel), Duc de Frioul; grand marshal of the -palace of Napoleon; born at Pont-a-Mousson, in 1772; killed on the -battlefield in 1813. On October 13, 1806, the eve of the battle of -Jena, he conducted the Marquis de Chargeboeuf and Laurence de -Cinq-Cygne to the Emperor's presence. [The Gondreville Mystery.] In -April, 1813, he was at a dress-parade at the Carrousel, Paris, when -Napoleon addressed him, regarding Mlle. de Chatillonest, noted by him -in the throng, in language which made the grand marshal smile. [A Woman -of Thirty.] - -DURUT (Jean-Francois), a criminal whom Prudence Servien helped convict -to hard labor by her testimony in the Court of Assizes. Durut took -oath to Prudence, before the same tribunal, that, once free, he would -kill her. However, he was executed at the bagne of Toulon four years -later (1829). Jacques Collin, alias Vautrin, to obtain Prudence's -affections, boasted of having freed her from Durut, whose threat held -her in perpetual terror. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -DUTHEIL (Abbe), one of the two vicars-general of the Bishop of Limoges -during the Restoration. One of the lights of the Gallican clergy. Made -a bishop in August, 1831, and promoted to archbishop in 1840. He -presided at the public confession of Mme. Graslin, whose friend and -advisor he was, and whose funeral procession he followed in 1844. [The -Country Parson.] - -DUTOCQ, born in 1786. In 1814 he entered the Department of Finance, -succeeding Poiret senior who was displaced in the bureau directed by -Rabourdin. He was order clerk. Idle and incapable, he hated his chief -and caused his overthrow. Very despicable and very prying, he tried to -make his place secure by acting as spy in the bureau. Chardin des -Lupeaulx, the secretary-general, was advised by him of the slightest -developments. After 1816, Dutocq outwardly affected very pronounced -religious tendencies because he believed them useful to his -advancement. He eagerly collected old engravings, possessing complete -"his Charlet," which he desired to give or lend to the minister's -wife. At this time he dwelt on rue Saint-Louis-Saint-Honore (in 1854 -this street disappeared) near Palais Royal, on the fifth floor of an -enclosed house, and boarded in a pension of rue de Beaune. [The -Government Clerks.] In 1840, retired, he clerked for a justice of the -peace of the Pantheon municipality, and lived in Thuillier's house, -rue Saint-Dominique d'Enfer. He was a bachelor and had all the vices -which, however, he religiously concealed. He kept in with his -superiors by fawning. He was concerned with the villainous intrigues -of Cerizet, his copy-clerk, and with Theodose de la Peyrade, the -tricky lawyer. [The Middle Classes.] - -DUVAL, wealthy forge-master of Alencon, whose daughter the -grand-niece of M. du Croisier (du Bousquier), was married in 1830 -to Victurnien d'Esgrignon. Her dowry was three million francs. -[Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -DUVAL, famous professor of chemistry at Paris in 1843. A friend of Dr. -Bianchon, at whose instance he analyzed the blood of M. and Mme. -Crevel, who were infected by a peculiar cutaneous disease of which -they died. [Cousin Betty.] - -DUVIGNON. (See Lanty, de.) - -DUVIVIER, jeweler at Vendome during the Empire. Mme. de Merret -declared to her husband that she had purchased of this merchant an -ebony crucifix encrusted with silver; but in truth she had obtained it -of her lover, Bagos de Feredia. She swore falsely on this very -crucifix. [La Grande Breteche.] - - - - E - -EMILE, a "lion of the most triumphant kind," of the acquaintance of -Mme. Komorn--Countess Godollo. One evening in 1840 or 1841 this woman, -in order to avoid Theodose de la Peyrade, on the Boulevard des -Italiens, took the dandy's arm and requested him to take her to -Mabille. [The Middle Classes.] - -ESGRIGNON (Charles-Marie-Victor-Ange-Carol, Marquis d'), or, Des -Grignons--following the earlier name--commander of the Order of -Saint-Louis; born about 1750, died in 1830. Head of a very ancient -family of the Francs, the Karawls who came from the North to conquer -the Gauls, and who were entrusted with the defence of a French highway. -The Esgrignons, quasi-princes under the house of Valois and all-powerful -under Henry IV., were very little known at the court of Louis XVIII.; -and the marquis, ruined by the Revolution, lived in rather reduced -circumstances at Alencon in an old gable-roofed house formerly -belonging to him, which had been sold as common property, and which -the faithful notary Chesnel had repurchased, together with certain -portions of his other estates. The Marquis d'Esgrignon, though not -having to emigrate, was still obliged to conceal himself. He -participated in the Vendean struggle against the Republic, and was one -of the members of the Committee Royal of Alencon. In 1800, at the age -of fifty, in the hope of perpetuating his race, he married Mlle. de -Nouastre, who died in child-birth, leaving the marquis an only son. M. -d'Esgrignon always overlooked the escapades of this child, whose -reputation was preserved by Chesnel; and he passed away shortly after -the downfall of Charles X., saying: "The Gauls triumph." [The Chouans. -Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -ESGRIGNON (Madame d') nee Nouastre; of blood the purest and noblest; -married at twenty-two, in 1800, to Marquis Carol d'Esgrignon, a man of -fifty. She soon died at the birth of an only son. She was "the -prettiest of human beings; in her person were reawakened the charms ---now fanciful--of the feminine figures of the sixteenth century." -[Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -ESGRIGNON (Victurnien, Comte, then Marquis d'), only son of Marquis -Carol d'Esgrignon; born about 1800 at Alencon. Handsome and -intelligent, reared with extreme indulgence and kindness by his aunt, -Mlle. Armande d'Esgrignon, he gave himself over without restraint to -all the whims usual to the ingenuous egoism of his age. From eighteen -to twenty-one he squandered eighty thousand francs without the -knowledge of his father and his aunt; the devoted Chesnel footed all -the bills. The youthful d'Esgrignon was systematically urged to -wrong-doing by an ally of his own age, Fabien du Ronceret, a perfidious -fellow of the town whom M. du Croisier employed. About 1823 Victurnien -d'Esgrignon was sent to Paris. There he had the misfortune to fall -into the society of the Parisian _roues_--Marsay, Ronquerolles, -Trailles, Chardin des Lupeaulx, Vandenesse, Ajuda-Pinto, Beaudenord, -Martial de la Roche-Hugon, Manerville, people met at the homes of -Marquise d'Espard, the Duchesses de Grandlieu, de Carigliano, de -Chaulieu, the Marquises d'Aiglemont and de Listomere, Mme. Firmiani -and the Comtesse de Serizy; at the opera and at the embassies--being -welcomed on account of his good name and seeming fortune. It was not -long until he became the lover of the Duchesse de Maufrigneuse, ruined -himself for her and ended by forging a note against M. du Croisier for -one hundred thousand francs. His aunt took him back quickly to -Alencon, and by a great effort he was rescued from legal proceedings. -Following this he fought a duel with M. du Croisier, who wounded him -dangerously. Nevertheless, shortly after the death of his father, -Victurnien d'Esgrignon married Mlle. Duval, niece of the retired -contractor. He did not give himself over to his wife, but instead -betook himself to his former gay life of a bachelor. [Jealousies of a -Country Town. Letters of Two Brides.] According to Marguerite Turquet -"the little D'Esgrignon was well soaked" by Antonia. [A Man of -Business.] In 1832 Victurnien d'Esgrignon declared before a numerous -company at Mme. d'Espard's that the Princesse de Cadignan--Mme. de -Maufrigneuse--was a dangerous woman. "To her I owe the disgrace of my -marriage," he added. Daniel d'Arthez, who was then in love with this -woman, was present at the conversation. [The Secrets of a Princess.] -In 1838 Victurnien d'Esgrignon was present with some artists, lorettes -and men about town, at the opening of the house on rue de la -Ville-Eveque given to Josepha Mirah, by the Duc d'Herouville. The young -marquis himself had been Josepha's lover; Baron Hulot and he had been -rivals for her on another occasion. [Cousin Betty.] - -ESGRIGNON (Marie-Armande-Claire d'), born about 1775; sister of -Marquis Carol d'Esgrignon and aunt of Victurnien d'Esgrignon to whom -she had been as a mother, with an absolute tenderness. In his old age -her father had married for a second time, and to the young daughter of -a tax collector, ennobled by Louis XIV. She was born of this union -which was looked upon as a horrible _mesalliance_, and although the -marquis loved her dearly he regarded her as an alien. He made her weep -for joy, one day, by saying solemnly: "You are an Esgrignon, my -sister." Emile Blondet, reared at Alencon, had known and loved her in -his childhood, and often later he praised her beauty and good -qualities. On account of her devotion to her nephew she refused M. de -la Roche-Guyon and the Chevalier de Valois, also M. du Bousquier. She -gave the fullest proof of her genuinely maternal affection for -Victurnien, when the latter committed the crime at Paris, which would -have placed him on the prisoner's bench of the Court of Assizes, but -for the clever work of Chesnel. She outlived her brother, given over -"to her religion and her over-thrown beliefs." About the middle of -Louis Philippe's reign Blondet, who had come to Alencon to obtain his -marriage license, was again moved on the contemplation of that noble -face. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -ESPARD (Charles-Maurice-Marie-Andoche, Comte de Negrepelisse, Marquis -d'), born about 1789; by name a Negrepelisse, of an old Southern -family which acquired by a marriage, time of Henry IV., the lands and -titles of the family of Espard, of Bearn, which was allied also with -the Albret house. The device of the d'Espards was: "Des partem -leonis." The Negrepelisses were militant Catholics, ruined at the time -of the Church wars, and afterwards considerably enriched by the -despoiling of a family of Protestant merchants, the Jeanrenauds whose -head had been hanged after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. This -property, so badly acquired, became wondrously profitable to the -Negrepelisses-d'Espards. Thanks to his fortune, the grandfather of the -marquis was enabled to wed a Navarreins-Lansac, an extremely wealthy -heiress; her father was of the younger branch of the Grandlieus. In -1812 the Marquis d'Espard married Mlle. de Blamont-Chauvry, then -sixteen years of age. He had two sons by her, but discord soon arose -between the couple. Her silly extravagances forced the marquis to -borrow. He left her in 1816, going with his two children to live on -rue de la Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve. Here he devoted himself to the -education of his boys and to the composition of a great work; "The -Picturesque History of China," the profits of which, combined with the -savings resultant from an austere manner of living, allowed him to pay -in twelve years' time to the legatees of the suppliant Jeanrenauds -eleven hundred thousand francs, representing the value--time of Louis -XIV.--of the property confiscated from their ancestors. This book was -written, so to speak, in collaboration with Abbe Crozier, and its -financial results aided greatly in comforting the declining years of a -ruined friend, M. de Nouvion. In 1828 Mme. d'Espard tried to have a -guardian appointed for her husband by ridiculing the noble conduct of -the marquis. But the defendant won his rights at court. [The -Commission in Lunacy.] Lucien de Rubempre, who entertained -Attorney-General Granville with an account of this suit, probably was -instrumental in causing the judgment to favor M. d'Espard. Thus he -drew upon himself the hatred of the marquise. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] - -ESPARD (Camille, Vicomte d'), second son of Marquis d'Espard; born in -1815; pursued his studies at the college of Henri IV., in company with -his elder brother, the Comte Clement de Negrepelisse. He studied -rhetoric in 1828. [The Commission in Lunacy.] - -ESPARD (Chevalier d'), brother of Marquis d'Espard, whom he wished to -see interdicted, in order that he might be made curator. His face was -thin as a knife-blade, and he was frigid and severe. Judge Popinot -said he reminded him somewhat of Cain. He was one of the deepest -personages to be found in the Marquise d'Espard's drawing-room, and -was the political half of that woman. [The Commission in Lunacy. -Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Secrets of a Princess.] - -ESPARD (Jeanne-Clementine-Athenais de Blamont-Chauvry, Marquise d'), -born in 1795; wife of Marquis d'Espard; of one of the most illustrious -houses of Faubourg Saint-Germain. Deserted by her husband in 1816, she -was at the age of twenty-two mistress of herself and of her fortune, -an income of twenty-six thousand francs. At first she lived in -seclusion; then in 1820 she appeared at court, gave some receptions at -her own home, and did not long delay about becoming a society woman. -Cold, vain and coquettish she knew neither love nor hatred; her -indifference for all that did not directly concern her was profound. -She never showed emotion. She had certain scientific formulas for -preserving her beauty. She never wrote but spoke instead, believing -that two words from a woman were sufficient to kill three men. More -than once she made epigrams to peers or deputies which the courts of -Europe treasured. In 1828 she still passed with the men for youthful. -Mme. d'Espard lived at number 104 rue du Faubourg Saint-Honore. [The -Commission in Lunacy.] She was a magnificent Celimene. She displayed -such prudence and severity on her separation from her husband that -society was at a loss to account for this disagreement. She was -surrounded by her relatives, the Navarreins, the Blamont-Chauvrys and -the Lenoncourts; ladies of the highest social position claimed her -acquaintance. She was a cousin of Mme. de Bargeton, who was -rehabilitated by her on her arrival from Angouleme in 1821, and whom -she introduced into Paris, showing her all the secrets of elegant life -and taking her away from Lucien de Rubempre. Later, when the -"Distinguished Provincial" had won his way into high society, she, at -the instance of Mme. de Montcornet, enlisted him on the Royalist side. -[A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] In 1824 she was at an Opera -ball to which she had come through an anonymous note, and, leaning on -the arm of Sixte du Chatelet, she met Lucien de Rubempre whose beauty -struck her and whom she seemed, indeed, not to remember. The poet had -his revenge for her former disdain, by means of some cutting phrases, -and Jacques Collin--Vautrin--masked, caused her uneasiness by -persuading her that Lucien was the author of the note and that he -loved her. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] The Chaulieus were -intimate with her at the time when their daughter Louise was courted -by Baron de Macumer. [Letters of Two Brides.] Despite the silent -opposition of the Faubourg Saint-Germain, after the Revolution of -1830, the Marquise d'Espard did not close her salon, since she did not -wish to renounce her Parisian prestige. In this she was seconded by -one or two women in her circle and by Mlle. des Touches. [Another -Study of Woman.] She was at home Wednesdays. In 1833 she attended a -soiree at the home of the Princesse de Cadignan, where Marsay -disclosed the mystery surrounding the abduction of Senator Malin in -1806. [The Gondreville Mystery.] Notwithstanding an evil report -circulated against her by Mme. d'Espard, the princesse told Daniel -d'Arthez that the marquise was her best friend; she was related to -her. [The Secrets of a Princess.] Actuated by jealousy for Mme. Felix -de Vandenesse, Mme. d'Espard fostered the growing intimacy between the -young woman and Nathan the poet; she wished to see an apparent rival -compromised. In 1835 the marquise defended vaudeville entertainments -against Lady Dudley, who said she could not endure them. [A Daughter -of Eve.] In 1840, on leaving the Italiens, Mme. d'Espard humiliated -Mme. de Rochefide by snubbing her; all the women followed her example, -shunning the mistress of Calyste du Guenic. [Beatrix.] In short the -Marquise d'Espard was one of the most snobbish people of her day. Her -disposition was sour and malevolent, despite its elegant veneer. - -ESTIVAL (Abbe d'), provincial priest and Lenten exhorter at the church -of Saint-Jacques du Haut-Pas, Paris. According to Theodose de la -Peyrade, who pointed him out to Mlle. Colleville, he was devoted to -predication in the interest of the poor. By spirituality and unction -he redeemed a scarcely agreeable exterior. [The Middle Classes.] - -ESTORADE (Baron, afterwards Comte de l'), a little Provincial -gentleman, father of Louis de l'Estorade. A very religious and very -miserly man who hoarded for his son. He lost his wife about 1814, who -died of grief through lack of hope of ever seeing her son again ---having heard nothing of him after the battle of Leipsic. M. de -l'Estorade was an excellent grandparent. He died at the end of 1826. -[Letters of Two Brides.] - -ESTORADE (Louis, Chevalier, then Vicomte and Comte de l') son of the -preceding; peer of France; president of the Chamber in the Court of -Accounts; grand officer of the Legion of Honor; born in 1787. After -having been excluded from the conscription under the Empire, for a -long time, he was enlisted in 1813, serving on the Guard of Honor. At -Leipsic he was captured by the Russians and did not reappear in France -until the Restoration. He suffered severely in Siberia; at thirty-seven -he appeared to be fifty. Pale, lean, taciturn and somewhat deaf, he -bore much resemblance to the Knight of the Rueful Countenance. He -succeeded, however, in making himself agreeable to Renee de Maucombe -whom he married, dowerless, in 1824. Urged on by his wife who became -ambitious after becoming a mother, he left Crampade, his country -estate, and although a mediocre he rose to the highest offices. -[Letters of Two Brides. The Member for Arcis.] - -ESTORADE (Madame de l'), born Renee de Maucombe in 1807, of a very old -Provencal family, located in the Gemenos Valley, twenty kilometres -from Marseilles. She was educated at the Carmelite convent of Blois, -where she was intimate with Louise de Chaulieu. The two friends always -remained constant. For several years they corresponded, writing about -life, love and marriage, when Renee the wise gave to the passionate -Louise advice and prudent counsel not always followed. In 1836 Mme. de -l'Estorade hastened to the country to be present at the death-bed of -her friend, now become Mme. Marie Gaston. Renee de Maucombe was -married at the age of seventeen, upon leaving the convent. She gave -her husband three children, though she never loved him, devoting -herself to the duties of motherhood. [Letters of Two Brides.] In -1838-39 the serenity of this sage person was disturbed by meeting -Dorlange-Sallenauve. She believed he sought her, and she must needs -fight an insidious liking for him. Mme. de Camps counseled and -enlightened Mme. de l'Estorade, with considerable foresight, in this -delicate crisis. Some time later, when a widow, Mme. de l'Estorade was -on the point of giving her hand to Sallenauve, who became her -son-in-law. [The Member for Arcis.] In 1841 Mme. de l'Estorade -remarked of M. and Mme. Savinien de Portenduere: "Theirs is the most -perfect happiness that I have ever seen!" [Ursule Mirouet.] - -ESTORADE (Armand de l'), elder son of M. and Mme. de l'Estorade; -godson of Louise de Chaulieu, who was Baronne de Macumer and -afterwards Mme. Marie Gaston. Born in December, 1825; educated at the -college of Henri IV. At first stupid and meditative, he awakened -afterwards, was crowned at Sorbonnne, having obtained first prize for -a translation of Latin, and in 1845 made a brilliant showing in his -thesis for the degree of doctor of laws. [Letters of Two Brides. The -Member for Arcis.] - -ESTORADE (Rene de l'), second child of M. and Mme. de l'Estorade. Bold -and adventurous as a child. He had a will of iron, and his mother was -convinced that he would be "the cunningest sailor afloat." [Letters of -Two Brides.] - -ESTORADE (Jeanne-Athenais de l'), daughter and third child of M. and -Mme. de l'Estorade. Called "Nais" for short. Married in 1847 to -Charles de Sallenauve. (See Sallenauve, Mme. Charles de.) - -ESTOURNY (Charles d'), a young dandy of Paris who went to Havre during -the Restoration to view the sea, obtained entrance into the Mignon -household and eloped with Bettina-Caroline, the elder daughter. He -afterwards deserted her and she died of shame. In 1827 Charles -d'Estourny was sentenced by the police court for habitual fraud in -gambling. [Modeste Mignon.] A Georges-Marie Destourny, who styled -himself Georges d'Estourny, was the son of a bailiff, at Boulogne, -near Paris, and was undoubtedly identical with Charles d'Estourny. For -a time he was the protector of Esther van Gobseck, known as La -Torpille. He was born about 1801, and, after having obtained a -splendid education, had been left without resources by his father, who -was forced to sell out under adverse circumstances. Georges d'Estourny -speculated on the Bourse with money obtained from "kept" women who -trusted in him. After his sentence he left Paris without squaring his -accounts. He had aided Cerizet, who afterwards became his partner. He -was a handsome fellow, open-hearted and generous as the chief of -robbers. On account of the knaveries which brough him into court, -Bixiou nicknamed him "Tricks at Cards." [Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life. A Man of Business.] - -ETIENNE & CO., traders at Paris under the Empire. In touch with -Guillaume, clothier of rue Saint-Denis, who foresaw their failure and -awaited "with anxiety as at a game of cards." [At the Sign of the Cat -and Racket.] - -EUGENE, Corsican colonel of the Sixth regiment of the line, which was -made up almost entirely of Italians--the first to enter Tarragone in -1808. Colonel Eugene, a second Murat, was extraordinarily brave. He -knew how to make use of the species of bandits who composed his -regiment. [The Maranas.] - -EUGENIE, assumed name of Prudence Servien, which name see. - -EUPHRASIE, Parisian courtesan, time of the Restoration and Louis -Philippe. A pretty, winsome blonde with blue eyes and a melodious -voice; she had an air of the utmost frankness, yet was profoundly -depraved and expert in refined vice. In 1821 she transmitted a -terrible and fatal disease to Crottat, the notary. At that time she -lived on rue Feydeau. Euphrasie pretended that in her early youth she -had passed entire days and nights trying to support a lover who had -forsaken her for a heritage. With the brunette, Aquilina, Euphrasie -took part in a famous orgy, at the home of Frederic Taillefer, on rue -Joubert, where were also Emile Blondet, Rastignac, Bixiou and Raphael -de Valentin. Later she is seen at the Theatre-Italien, in company with -the aged antiquarian, who had sold Raphael the celebrated "magic -skin"; she was running through with the old merchant's treasures. -[Melmoth Reconciled. The Magic Skin.] - -EUROPE, assumed name of Prudence Servien, which name see. - -EVANGELISTA (Madame), born Casa-Real in 1781, of a great Spanish -family collaterally descended from the Duke of Alva and related to the -Claes of Douai; a creole who came to Bordeaux in 1800 with her -husband, a large Spanish financier. In 1813 she was left a widow, with -her daughter. She paid no thought to the value of money, never knowing -how to resist a whim. So one morning in 1821 she was forced to call on -the broker and expert, Elie Magus, to get an estimate on the value of -her magnificent diamonds. She became wearied of life in the country, -and therefore favored the marriage of her daughter with Paul de -Manerville, in order that she might follow the young couple to Paris -where she dreamed of appearing in grand style and of a further -exercise of her power. For that matter she displayed much astuteness -in arranging the details of this marriage, at which time Maitre -Solonet, her notary, was much taken with her, desiring to wed her, and -defending her warmly against Maitre Mathias the lawyer for the -Manervilles. Beneath the exterior of an excellent woman she knew, like -Catherine de Medicis, how to hate and wait. [A Marriage Settlement.] - -EVANGELISTA (Natalie), daughter of Mme. Evangelista; married to Paul -de Manerville. (See that name.) - -EVELINA, young girl of noble blood, wealthy and cultured, of a strict -Jansenist family; sought in marriage by Benassis, in the beginning of -the Restoration. Evelina reciprocated Benassis' love, but her parents -opposed the match. Evelina died soon after gaining her freedom and the -doctor did not survive her long. [The Country Doctor.] - - - - F - -FAILLE & BOUCHOT, Parisian perfumers who failed in 1818. They gave an -order for ten thousand phials of peculiar shape to hold a new -cosmetic, which phials Anselme Popinot purchased for four sous each on -six months' time, with the intention of filling them with the -"Cephalic Oil" invented by Cesar Birotteau. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -FALCON (Jean), alias Beaupied, or more often Beau-Pied, sergeant in -the Seventy-second demi-brigade in 1799, under the command of Colonel -Hulot. Jean Falcon was the clown of his company. Formerly he had -served in the artillery. [The Chouans.] In 1808, still under the -command of Hulot, he was one in the army of Spain and in the troops -led by Murat. In that year he was witness of the death of Bega, the -French surgeon, assassinated by a Spaniard. [The Muse of the -Department.] In 1841 he was body-servant of his old-time colonel, now -become a marshal. For thirty years he had been in his employ. [Cousin -Betty.] - -FALCON (Marie-Cornelie), famous singer of the Opera; born at Paris on -January 28, 1812. On July 20, 1832, she made a brilliant debut in the -role of Alice, in "Robert le Diable." She also created with equal -success the parts of Rachel in "La Juive" and Valentine in "The -Huguenots." In 1836 the composer Conti declared to Calyste du Guenic -that he was madly enamored of this singer, "the youngest and prettiest -of her time." He even wished to marry her--so he said--but this remark -was probably a thrust at Calyste, who was smitten with the Marquise de -Rochefide, whose lover the musician was at this time. [Beatrix.] -Cornelie Falcon disappears from the scene in 1840, after a famous -evening when, before a sympathetic audience, she mourned on account of -the ruin of her voice. She married a financier, M. Malencon, and is -now a grandmother. Mme. Falcon has given, in the provinces, her name -to designate tragic "sopranos." "La Vierge de l'Opera," interestingly -delineated by M. Emmanuel Gonzales, reveals--according to him--certain -incidents in her career. - -FALLEIX (Martin), Auvergnat coppersmith on rue du Faubourg -Saint-Antoine, Paris; born about 1796; he had come from the country -with his kettle under his arm. He was patronized by Bidault, alias -Gigonnet, who advanced him capital though at heavy interest. The -usurer also introduced him to Saillard, the cashier of the Minister of -Finance, who with his savings enabled him to open a foundry. Martin -Falleix obtained a brevet for invention and a gold medal at the -Exposition of 1824. Mme. Baudoyer undertook his education, deciding he -would do for a son-in-law. On his side he worked for the interests of -his future father-in-law. [The Government Clerks.] About 1826 he -discussed on the Bourse, with Du Tillet, Werbrust and Claparon, the -third liquidation of Nucingen, which solidly established the fortune of -that celebrated Alsatian banker. [The Firm of Nucingen.] - -FALLEIX (Jacques), brother of the preceding; stock-broker, one of -the shrewdest and richest, the successor of Jules Desmarets and -stock-broker for the firm of Nucingen. On rue Saint-George he fitted -up a most elegant little house for his mistress, Mme. du Val-Noble. He -failed in 1829, the victim of one of the Nucingen liquidations. [The -Government Clerks. The Thirteen. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -FANCHETTE, servant of Doctor Rouget at Issoudun, at the close of the -eighteenth century; a stout Berrichonne who, before the advent of La -Cognette, was thought to be the best cook in town. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -FANJAT, physician and something of an alienist; uncle of Comtesse -Stephanie de Vandieres. She was supposed to have perished in the -disaster of the Russian campaign. He found her near Strasbourg, in -1816, a lunatic, and took her to the ancient convent of Bon-Hommes, -in the outskirts of l'Isle Adam, Seine-et-Oise, where he tended her -with a tender care. In 1819 he had the sorrow of seeing her expire as -a result of a tragic scene when, recovering her reason all at once, -she recognized her former lover Philippe de Sucy, whom she had not -seen since 1812. [Farewell.] - -FANNY, aged servant in the employ of Lady Brandon, at La Grenadiere -under the Restoration. She closed the eyes of her mistress, whom she -adored, then conducted the two children from that house to one of a -cousin of hers, an old retired dressmaker of Tours, rue de la Guerche -(now rue Marceau), where she intended to live with them; but the elder -of the sons of Lady Brandon enlisted in the navy and placed his -brother in college, under the guidance of Fanny. [La Grenadiere.] - -FANNY, young girl of romantic temperament, fair and blonde, the only -daughter of a banker of Paris. One evening at her father's house she -asked the Bavarian Hermann for a "dreadful German story," and thus -innocently led to the death of Frederic Taillefer who had in his youth -committed a secret murder, now related in his hearing. [The Red Inn.] - -FARIO, old Spanish prisoner of war at Issoudun during the Empire. -After peace was declared he remained there making a small business -venture in grains. He was of Grenada and had been a peasant. He was -the butt of many scurvy tricks on the part of the "Knights of -Idlesse," and he avenged himself by stabbing their leader, Maxence -Gilet. This attempted assassination was momentarily charged to Joseph -Bridau. Fario finally obtained full satisfaction for his vindictive -spirit by witnessing a duel where Gilet fell mortally wounded by the -hand of Philippe Bridau. Gilet had previously become disconcerted by -the presence of the grain-dealer on the field of battle. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -FARRABESCHE, ex-convict, now an estate-guard for Mme. Graslin, at -Montegnac, time of Louis Philippe; of an old family of La Correze; -born about 1791. He had had an elder brother killed at Montebello, in -1800 a captain at twenty-two, who by his surpassing heroism had saved -the army and the Consul Bonaparte. There was, too, a second brother -who fell at Austerlitz in 1805, a sergeant in the First regiment of -the Guard. Farrabesche himself had got it into his head that he would -never serve, and when summoned in 1811 he fled to the woods. There he -affiliated more or less with the Chauffeurs and, accused of several -assassinations, was sentenced to death for contumacy. At the instance -of Abbe Bonnet he gave himself up, at the beginnng of the Restoration, -and was sent to the bagne for ten years, returning in 1827. After -1830, re-established as a citizen, he married Catherine Curieux, by -whom he had a child. Abbe Bonnet for one, and Mme. Graslin for -another, proved themselves counselors and benefactors of Farrabesche. -[The Country Parson.] - -FARRABESCHE (Madame), born Catherine Curieux, about 1798; daughter of -the tenants of Mme. Brezac, at Vizay, an important mart of La Correze; -mistress of Farrabesche in the last years of the Empire. She bore him -a son, at the age of seventeen, and was soon separated from her lover -on his imprisonment in the galleys. She returned to Paris and hired -out. In her last place she worked for an old lady whom she tended -devotedly, but who died leaving her nothing. In 1833 she came back to -the country; she was just out of a hospital, cured of a disease caused -by fatigue, but still very feeble. Shortly after she married her -former lover. Catherine Curieux was rather large, well-made, pale, -gentle and refined by her visit to Paris, though she could neither -read nor write. She had three married sisters, one at Aubusson, one at -Limoges, and one at Saint-Leonard. [The Country Parson.] - -FARRABESCHE (Benjamin), son of Farrabesche and Catherine Curieux; born -in 1815; brought up by the relatives of his mother until 1827, then -taken back by his father whom he dearly loved and whose energetic and -rough nature he inherited. [The Country Parson.] - -FAUCOMBE (Madame de), sister of Mme. de Touches and aunt of Felicite -des Touches--Camille Maupin;--an inmate of the convent of Chelles, to -whom Felicite was confided by her dying mother, in 1793. The nun took -her niece to Faucombe, a considerable estate near Nantes belonging to -the deceased mother, where she (the nun) died of fear in 1794. -[Beatrix.] - -FAUCOMBE (De), grand-uncle on the maternal side of Felicite des -Touches. Born about 1734, died in 1814. He lived at Nantes, and in his -old age had married a frivolous young woman, to whom he turned over -the conduct of affairs. A passionate archaeologist he gave little -attention to the education of his grand-niece who was left with him in -1794, after the death of Mme. de Faucombe, the aged nun of Chelles. -Thus it happened that Felicite grew up by the side of the old man and -young woman, without guidance, and left entirely to her own devices. -[Beatrix.] - -FAUSTINE, a young woman of Argentan who was executed in 1813 at -Mortagne for having killed her child. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -FELICIE, chambermaid of Mme. Diard at Bordeaux in 1823. [The Maranas.] - -FELICITE, a stout, ruddy, cross-eyed girl, the servant of Mme. -Vauthier who ran a lodging-house on the corner of Notre-Dame-des-Champs -and Boulevard du Montparnasse, time of Louis Philippe. [The Seamy Side -of History.] - -FELIX, office-boy for Attorney-General Granville, in 1830. [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life.] - -FENDANT, former head-clerk of the house of Vidal & Porchon; a partner -with Cavalier. Both were book-sellers, publishers, and book-dealers, -doing business on rue Serpente, Paris, about 1821. At this time they -had dealings with Lucien Chardon de Rubempre. The house for social -reasons was known as Fendant & Cavalier. Half-rascals, they passed for -clever fellows. While Cavalier traveled, Fendant, the more wily of the -two, managed the business. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -FERDINAND, real name of Ferdinand du Tillet. - -FERDINAND, fighting name of one of the principal figures in the Breton -uprising of 1799. One of the companions of MM. du Guenic, de la -Billardiere, de Fontaine and de Montauran. [The Chouans. Beatrix.] - -FEREDIA (Count Bagos de), Spanish prisoner of war at the Vendome under -the Empire; lover of Mme. de Merret. Surprised one evening by the -unexpected return of her husband, he took refuge in a closet which was -ordered walled up by M. de Merret. There he died heroically without -even uttering a cry. [La Grande Breteche.] - -FERET (Athanase), law-clerk of Maitre Bordin, procureur to the -Chatelet in 1787. [A Start in Life.] - -FERRAGUS XXIII. (See Bourignard.) - -FERRARO (Count), Italian colonel whom Castanier had known during the -Empire, and whose death in the Zembin swamps Castanier alone had -witnessed. The latter therefore intended to assume Ferraro's -personality in Italy after forging certain letters of credit. [Melmoth -Reconciled.] - -FERRAUD (Comte), son of a returned councillor of the Parisian -Parliament who had emigrated during the Terror, and who was ruined by -these events. Born in 1781. During the Consulate he returned to -France, at which time he declined certain offers made by Bonaparte. He -remained ever true to the tenets of Louis XVIII. Of pleasing presence -he won his way, and the Faubourg Saint-Germain regarded him as an -ornament. About 1809 he married the widow of Colonel Chabert, who had -an income of forty thousand francs. By her he had two children, a son -and a daughter. He resided on rue de Varenne, having a pretty villa in -the Montmorency Valley. During the Restoration he was made -director-general in a ministry, and councillor of state. [Colonel -Chabert.] - -FERRAUD (Comtesse), born Rose Chapotel; wife of Comte Ferraud. During -the Republic, or at the commencement of the Empire, she married her -first husband, an officer named Hyacinthe and known as Chabert, who -was left for dead on the battlefield of Eylau, in 1807. About 1818 he -tried to reassert his marital rights. Colonel Chabert claimed to have -taken Rose Chapotel out of a questionable place at Palais-Royal. -During the Restoration this woman was a countess and one of the queens -of Parisian society. When brought face to face with her first husband -she feigned at first not to recognize him, then she displayed such a -dislike for him that he abandoned his idea of legal restitution. -[Colonel Chabert.] The Comtesse Ferraud was the last mistress of Louis -XVIII., and remained in favor at the court of Charles X. She and -Mesdames de Listomere, d'Espard, de Camps and de Nucingen were invited -to the select receptions of the Minister of Finance, in 1824. [The -Government Clerks.] - -FERRAUD (Jules), son of Comte Ferraud and Rose Chapotel, the Comtesse -Ferraud. While still a child, in 1817 or 1818, he was one day at his -mother's house when Colonel Chabert called. She wept and he asked -hotly if the officer was responsible for the grief of the countess. -The latter with her two children then played a maternal comedy which -was successful with the ingenuous soldier. [Colonel Chabert.] - -FESSARD, grocer at Saumur during the Restoration. Astonished one day -by Nanon's, the servant's, purchase of a wax-candle, he asked if "the -three magi were visiting them." [Eugenie Grandet.] - -FICHET (Mademoiselle), the richest heiress of Issoudun during the -Restoration. Godet, junior, one of the "Knights of Idlesse" paid court -to her mother in the hope of obtaining, as a reward for his devotion, -the hand of the young girl. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -FINOT (Andoche), managing-editor of journals and reviews, times of the -Restoration and Louis Philippe. Son of a hatter of rue du Coq (now rue -Marengo). Finot was abandoned by his father, a hard trader, and made a -poor beginning. He wrote a bombastic announcement for Popinot's -"Cephalic Oil." His first work was attending to announcements and -personals in the papers. He was invited to the Birotteau ball. Finot -was acquainted with Felix Gaudissart, who introduced him to little -Anselme, as a great promoter. He was previously on the editorial staff -of the "Courrier des Spectacles," and he had a piece performed at the -Gaite. [Cesar Birotteau.] In 1820 he ran a little theatrical paper -whose office was located on rue du Sentier. He was nephew of -Giroudeau, a captain of dragoons; was witness of the marriage of J.-J. -Rouget. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] in 1821 Finot's paper was on rue -Saint-Fiacre. Etienne Lousteau, Hector Merlin, Felicien Vernou, -Nathan, F. du Bruel and Blondet all contributed to it. Then it was -that Lucien de Rubempre made his reputation by a remarkable report of -"L'Alcade dans l'embarras," a three act drama performed at the -Panorama-Dramatique. Finot then lived on rue Feydeau. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] In 1824 he was at the Opera ball in a group of -dandies and litterateurs, which surrounded Lucien de Rubempre, who was -flirting with Esther Gobseck. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] In -this year Finot was guest at an entertainment at the home of -Rabourdin, the chief of bureau, when he allowed himself to be won over -to that official's cause by his friend Chardin des Lupeaulx, who had -asked him to exert the voice of the press against Baudoyer, the rival -of Rabourdin. [The Government Clerks.] In 1825 he was present at a -breakfast given at the Rocher de Cancale, by Frederic Marest in -celebration of his entrance to the law office of Desroches; he was -also at the orgy which followed at the home of Florine. [A Start in -Life.] In 1831 Gaudissart said that his friend Finot had an income of -thirty thousand francs, that he would be councillor of state, and was -booked for a peer of France. He aspired to end up as his -"shareholder." [Gaudissart the Great.] In 1836 Finot was dining with -Blondet, his fellow-editor, and with Couture, a man about town, in a -private room of a well-known restaurant, when he heard the story of -the financial trickeries of Nucingen, wittily related by Bixiou. [The -Firm of Nucingen.] Finot concealed "a brutal nature under a mild -exterior," and his "impertinent stupidity was flecked with wit as the -bread of a laborer is flecked with garlic." [Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] - -FIRMIANI, a respectable quadragenarian who in 1813 married the lady -who afterwards became Mme. Octave de Camps. He was unable, so it was -said, to offer her more than his name and his fortune. He was formerly -receiver-general in the department of Montenotte. He died in Greece in -1823. [Madame Firmiani.] - -FIRMIANI (Madame). (See Camps, Mme. de.) - -FISCHER, the name of three brothers, laborers in a village situated on -the extreme frontiers of Lorraine, at the foot of the Vosges. They set -out to join the army of the Rhine by reason of Republican -conscriptions. The first, Pierre, father of Lisbeth--or "Cousin Betty" ---was killed in 1815 in the Francstireurs. The second, Andre, father -of Adeline who became the wife of Baron Hulot, died at Treves in 1820. -The third, Johann, having committed some acts of peculation, at the -instigation of his nephew Hulot, while a commissary contractor in -Algiers, province of Oran, committed suicide in 1841. He was over -seventy when he killed himself. [Cousin Betty.] - -FISCHER (Adeline). (See Hulot, d'Ervy, Baronne Hector.) - -FISCHER (Lisbeth), known as "Cousin Betty"; born in 1796; brought up a -peasant. In her childhood she had to give way to her first cousin, the -pretty Adeline, who was pampered by the whole family. In 1809 she was -called to Paris by Adeline's husband and placed as an apprentice with -the well-known Pons Brothers, embroiderers to the Imperial Court. She -became a skilled workwoman and was about to set up for herself when -the Empire was overthrown. Lisbeth was a Republican, of restive -temperament, capricious, independent and unaccountably savage. She -habitually declined to wed. She refused in succession a clerk of the -minister of war, a major, an army-contractor, a retired captain and a -wealthy lace-maker. Baron Hulot nick-named her the "Nanny-Goat." A -resident of rue du Doyenne (which ended at the Louvre and was -obliterated about 1855), where she worked for Rivet, a successor of -Pons, she made the acquaintance of her neighbor, Wenceslas Steinbock, -a Livonian exile, whom she saved from poverty and suicide, but whom -she watched with a jealous strictness. Hortense Hulot sought out and -succeeded in seeing the Pole; a wedding followed between the young -people which caused Cousin Betty a deep resentment, cunningly -concealed, but terrific in its effects. Through her Wenceslas was -introduced to the irresistible Mme. Marneffe, and the happiness of a -young household was quickly demolished. The same thing happened to -Baron Hulot whose misconduct Lisbeth secretly abetted. Lisbeth died in -1844 of a pulmonary phthisis, principally caused by chagrin at seeing -the Hulot family reunited. The relatives of the old maid never found -out her evil actions. They surrounded her bedside, caring for her and -lamenting the loss of "the angel of the family." Mlle. Fischer died on -rue Louis-le-Grand, Paris, after having dwelt in turn on rues du -Doyenne, Vaneau, Plumet (now Oudinot) and du Montparnasse, where she -managed the household of Marshal Hulot, through whom she dreamed of -wearing the countess' coronet, and for whom she donned mourning. -[Cousin Betty.] - -FITZ-WILLIAM (Miss Margaret), daughter of a rich and noble Irishman -who was the maternal uncle of Calyste du Guenic; hence the first -cousin of that young man. Mme. de Guenic, the mother, was desirous of -mating her son with Miss Margaret. [Beatrix.] - -FLAMET. (See la Billardiere, Flamet de.) - -FLEURANT (Mother), ran a cafe at Croisic which Jacques Cambremer -visited. [A Seaside Tragedy.] - -FLEURIOT, grenadier of the Imperial Guard, of colossal size, to whom -Philippe de Sucy entrusted Stephanie de Vandieres, during the passage -of the Beresina in 1812. Unfortunately separated from Stephanie, the -grenadier did not find her again until 1816. She had taken refuge in -an inn of Strasbourg after escaping from an insane asylum. Both were -then sheltered by Dr. Fanjat and taken to Auvergne, where Fleuriot -soon died. [Farewell.] - -FLEURY, retired infantry captain, comptroller of the Cirque-Olympique, -and employed during the Restoration in Rabourdin's bureau, of the -minister of finance. He was attached to his chief, who had saved him -from destitution. A subscriber, but a poor payer, to "Victories and -Conquests." A zealous Bonapartist and Liberal. His three great men -were Napoleon, Bolivar and Beranger, all of whose ballads he knew by -heart, and sang in a sweet, sonorous voice. He was swamped with debt. -His skill at fencing and small-arms kept him from Bixiou's jests. He -was likewise much feared by Dutocq who flattered him basely. Fleury -was discharged after the nomination of Baudoyer as chief of division -in December, 1824. He did not take it to heart, saying that he had at -his disposal a managing editorship in a journal. [The Government -Clerks.] In 1840, still working for the above theatre, Fleury became -manager of "L'Echo de la Bievre," the paper owned by Thuillier. -[The Middle Classes.] - -FLICOTEAUX, rival of Rousseau the Aquatic. Historic, legendary and -strictly honest restaurant-keeper in the Latin quarter between rue de -la Harpe and rue des Gres--Cujas--enjoying the custom, in 1821-22, of -Daniel d'Arthez, Etienne Lousteau and Lucien Chardon de Rubempre. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -FLORENT, partner of Chanor; they were manufacturers and dealers in -bronze, rue des Tournelles, Paris, time of Louis Philippe. [Cousin -Betty. Cousin Pons.] - -FLORENTNE. (See Cabirolle, Agathe-Florentine.) - -FLORIMOND (Madame), dealer in linens, rue Vielle-du-Temple, Paris, -1844-45. Maintained by an "old fellow" who made her his heir, thanks -to Fraisier, the man of business, whom she perhaps would have married -through gratitude, had it not been for his physical condition. [Cousin -Pons.] - -FLORINE. (See Nathan, Mme. Raoul.) - -FLORVILLE (La), actress at the Panorama-Dramatique in 1821. Among her -contemporaries were Coralie, Florine, and Bouffe, or Vignol. On the -first night performance of "The Alcade," she played in a -curtain-raiser, "Bertram." For a few days she was the mistress of a -Russian prince who took her to Saint-Mande, paying her manager a good -sum for her absence from the theatre. [A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] - -FOEDORA (Comtesse), born about 1805. Of Russian lower class origin and -wonderfully beautiful. Espoused perhaps morganatically by a great lord -of the land. Left a widow she reigned over Paris in 1827. Supposed to -have an income of eighty thousand francs. She received in her -drawing-rooms all the notables of the period, and there "appeared all -the works of fiction that were not published anywhere else." Raphael -de Valentin was presented to the countess by Rastignac and fell -desperately in love with her. But he left her house one day never to -return, being definitely persuaded that she was "a woman without a -heart." Her memory was cruel, and her address enough to drive a -diplomat to despair. Although the Russian ambassador did not receive -her, she had entry into the set of Mme. de Serizy; visited with Mme. -de Nucingen and Mme. de Restaud; received the Duchesse de Carigliano, -the haughtiest of the Bonapartist clique. She had listened to many -young dandies, and to the son of a peer of France, who had offered her -their names in exchange for her fortune. [The Magic Skin.] - -FONTAINE (Madame), fortune teller, Paris, rue Vielle-du-Temple, time -of Louis Philippe. At one time a cook. Born in 1767. Earned a -considerable amount of money, but previously had lost heavily in a -lottery. After the suppression of this game of chance she saved up for -the benefit of a nephew. In her divinations Mme. Fontaine made use of -a giant toad named Astaroth, and of a black hen with bristling -feathers, called Cleopatra or Bilouche. These two animals caught -Gazonal's eye in 1845, when in company with De Lora and Bixiou he -visited the fortune-teller's. The Southerner, however, asked only a -five-franc divination, while in the same year Mme. Cibot, who came to -consult her on an important matter, had to pay a hundred francs. -According to Bixiou, "a third of the lorettes, a fourth of the -statesmen and a half of the artists" consulted Mme. Fontaine. She was -the Egeria of a minister, and also looked for "a tidy fortune," which -Bilouche had promised her. [The Unconscious Humorists. Cousin Pons.] - -FONTAINE (Comte de), one of the leaders of the Vendee, in 1799, and -then known as Grand-Jacques. [The Chouans.] One of the confidential -advisers of Louis XVIII. Field marshal, councillor of state, -comptroller of the extraordinary domains of the realm, deputy and peer -of France under Charles X.; decorated with the cross of the Legion of -Honor and the Order of Saint Louis. Head of one of the oldest houses -of Poitou. Had married a Mlle. de Kergarouet, who had no fortune, but -who came of a very old Brittany family related to the Rohans. Was the -father of three sons and three daughters. The oldest son became -president of a court, married the daughter of a multi-millionaire salt -merchant. The second son, a lieutenant-general, married Mlle. Monegod, -a rich banker's daughter whom the aunt of Duc d'Herouville had refused -to consider for her nephew. [Modeste Mignon.] The third son, director -of a Paris municipality, then director-general in the Department of -Finance, married the only daughter of M. Grossetete, receiver-general -at Bourges. Of the three daughters, the first married M. Planat at -Baudry, receiver-general; the second married Baron de Villaine, a -magistrate of bourgeois origin ennobled by the king; the third, -Emilie, married her old uncle, the Comte de Kergarouet, and after his -death, Marquis Charles de Vandenesse. [The Ball at Sceaux.] The Comte -de Fontaine and his family were present at the Birotteau ball, and -after the perfumer's bankruptcy procured a situation for him. [Cesar -Birotteau.] He died in 1824. [The Government Clerks.] - -FONTAINE (Baronne de), born Anna Grossetete, only daughter of the -receiver-general of Bourges. Attended the school of Mlles. Chamarolles -with Dinah Piedefer, who became Mme. de la Baudraye. Thanks to her -fortune she married the third son of the Comte de Fontaine. She -removed to Paris after her marriage and kept up correspondence with -her old school-mate who now lived at Sancerre. She kept her informed -as to the prevailing styles. Later at the first performance of one of -Nathan's dramas, about the middle of the reign of Louis Philippe, Anna -de Fontaine affected not to recognize this same Mme. de la Baudraye, -then the known mistress of Etienne Lousteau. [The Muse of the -Department.] - -FONTANIEU (Madame), friend and neighbor of Mme. Vernier at Vouvray in -1831. The jolliest gossip and greatest joker in town. She was present -at the interview between the insane Margaritis and Felix Gaudissart, -when the drummer was so much at sea. [Gaudissart the Great.] - -FONTANON (Abbe), born about 1770. Canon of Bayeux cathedral in the -beginning of the nineteenth century when he "guided the consciences" -of Mme. and Mlle. Bontems. In November, 1808, he got himself enrolled -with the Parisian clergy, hoping thus to obtain a curacy and -eventually a bishopric. He became again the confessor of Mlle. -Bontems, now the wife of M. de Granville, and contributed to the -trouble of that household by the narrowness of his provincial -Catholicism and his inflexible bigotry. He finally disclosed to the -magistrate's wife the relations of Granville with Caroline Crochard. -He also brought sorrow to the last moments of Mme. Crochard, the -mother. [A Second Home.] In December, 1824, at Saint-Roch he -pronounced the funeral oration of Baron Flamet de la Billardiere. [The -Government Clerks.] Previous to 1824 Abbe Fontanon was vicar at the -church of Saint Paul, rue Saint-Antoine. [Honorine.] Confessor of Mme. -de Lanty in 1839, and always eager to pry into family secrets, he -undertook an affair with Dorlange-Sallenauve in the interest of -Mariannina de Lanty. [The Member for Arcis.] - -FORTIN (Madame), mother of Mme. Marneffe. Mistress of General de -Montcornet, who had lavished money on her during his visits to Paris -which she had entirely squandered, under the Empire, in the wildest -dissipations. For twenty years she queened it, but died in poverty -though still believing herself rich. Her daughter inherited from her -the tastes of a courtesan. [Cousin Betty.] - -FORTIN (Valerie), daughter of preceding and of General de Montcornet. -(See Crevel, Madame.) - -FOSSEUSE (La), orphan daughter of a grave-digger, whence the -nick-name. Born in 1807. Frail, nervous, independent, retiring at first, -she tried hiring out, but then fell into vagrant habits. Reared in a -village on the outskirts of Grenoble, where Dr. Benassis came to live -during the Restoration, she became an object of special attention on -the part of the physician who became keenly interested in the gentle, -loyal, peculiar and impressionable creature. La Fosseuse though homely -was not without charm. She may have loved her benefactor. [The Country -Doctor.] - -FOUCHE (Joseph), Duc d'Otrante, born near Nantes in 1753; died in -exile at Trieste in 1820. Oratorian, member of the National -Convention, councillor of state, minister of police under the -Consulate and Empire, also chief of the department of the Interior and -of the government of the Illyrian provinces, and president of the -provisional government in 1815. In September, 1799, Colonel Hulot -said: "Bernadotte, Carnot, even citizen Talleyrand--all have left us. -In a word we have with us but a single good patriot, friend Fouche, -who holds everything by means of the police. There's a man for you!" -Fouche took especial care of Corentin who was perhaps his natural son. -He sent him to Brittany during an uprising in the year VIII, to -accompany and direct Mlle. de Verneuil, who was commissioned to betray -and capture the Marquis de Montauran, the Chouan leader. [The -Chouans.] In 1806 he caused Senator Malin de Gondreville to be -kidnapped by masked men in order that the Chateau de Gondreville might -be searched for important papers which, however, proved as -compromising for Fouche as for the senator. This kidnapping, which was -charged against Michu, the Simeuses and the Hauteserres, led to the -execution of the first and the ruin of the others. In 1833, Marsay, -president of the ministerial chamber, while explaining the mysteries -of the affair to the Princesse de Cadignan, paid this tribute to -Fouche: "A genius dark, deep and extraordinary, little understood but -certainly the peer of Philip II., Tiberius or Borgia." [The -Gondreville Mystery.] In 1809 Fouche and Peyrade saved France in -connection with the Walcheren episode; but on the return of the -Emperor from the Wagram campaign Fouche was rewarded by dismissal. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -FOUQUEREAU, concierge to M. Jules Desmarets, stock-broker, rue Menars -in 1820. Specially employed to look after Mme. Desmarets. [The -Thirteen.] - -FOURCHON, retired farmer of the Ronquerolles estate, near the forest -of Aigues, Burgundy. Had also been a schoolmaster and a mail-carrier. -An old man and a confirmed toper since his wife's death. At Blangy in -1823 he performed the three-fold duties of public clerk for three -districts, assistant to a justice of the peace, and clarionet player. -At the same time he followed the trade of rope-maker with his -apprentice Mouche, the natural son of one of his natural daughters. -But his chief income was derived from catching otters. Fourchon was -the father-in-law of Tonsard, who ran the Grand-I-Vert tavern. [The -Peasantry.] - -FOY (Maximilien-Sebastien), celebrated general and orator born in 1775 -at Ham; died at Paris in 1825. [Cesar Birotteau.] In 1821, General -Foy, while in the shop of Dauriat talking with an editor of the -"Constitutionnel" and the manager of "La Minerve," noticed the beauty -of Lucien de Rubempre, who had come in with Lousteau to dispose of -some sonnets. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -FRAISIER, born about 1814, probably at Mantes. Son of a cobbler; an -advocate and man of business at No. 9 rue de la Perle, Paris, in -1844-45. Began as copy-clerk at Couture's office. After serving -Desroches as head-clerk for six years he bought the practice of -Levroux, an advocate of Mantes, where he had occasion to meet Leboeuf, -Vinet, Vatinelle and Bouyonnet. But he soon had to sell out and leave -town on account of violating professional ethics. Whereupon he opened -up a consultation office in Paris. A friend of Dr. Poulain who -attended the last days of Sylvain Pons, he gave crafty counsel to Mme. -Cibot, who coveted the chattels of the old bachelor. He also assured -the Camusot de Marvilles that they should be the legatees of the old -musician despite the faithful Schmucke. In 1845 he succeeded Vitel as -justice of the peace; the coveted place being secured for him by -Camusot de Marville, as a fee for his services. In Normandy he again -acted successfully for this family. Fraisier was a dried-up little man -with a blotched face and an unpleasant odor. At Mantes a certain Mme. -Vatinelle nevertheless "made eyes at him"; and he lived at Marais with -a servant-mistress, Dame Sauvage. But he missed more than one -marriage, not being able to win either his client, Mme. Florimond, or -the daughter of Tabareau. To tell the truth De Marville advised him to -leave the latter alone. [Cousin Pons.] - -FRANCHESSINI (Colonel), born about 1789, served in the Imperial Guard, -and was one of the most dashing colonels of the Restoration, but was -forced to resign on account of a slur on his character. In 1808, to -provide for foolish expenditures into which a woman led him, he forged -certain notes. Jacques Collin--Vautrin--took the crime to himself and -was sent to the galleys for several years. In 1819 Franchessini killed -young Taillefer in a duel, at the instigation of Vautrin. The -following year he was with Lady Brandon--probably his mistress--at the -grand ball given by the Vicomtesse de Beauseant, just before her -flight. In 1839, Franchessini was a leading member of the Jockey club, -and held the rank of colonel in the National Guard. Married a rich -Irishwoman who was devout and charitable and lived in one of the -finest mansions of the Breda quarter. Elected deputy, and being an -intimate friend of Rastignac, he evinced open hostility for Sallenauve -and voted against his being seated in order to gratify Maxime de -Trailles. [Father Goriot. The Member for Arcis.] - -FRANCOIS (Abbe), cure of the parish at Alencon in 1816. "A Cheverus on -a small scale" he had taken the constitutional oath during the -Revolution and for this reason was despised by the "ultras" of the -town although he was a model of charity and virtue. Abbe Francois -frequented the homes of M. and Mme. du Bousquier and M. and Mme. -Granson; but M. du Bousquier and Athanase Granson were the only ones -to give him cordial welcome. In his last days he became reconciled -with the curate of Saint-Leonard, Alencon's aristocratic church, and -died universally lamented. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -FRANCOIS, head valet to Marshal de Montcornet at Aigues in 1823. -Attached specially to Emile Blondet when the journalist visited them. -Salary twelve hundred francs. In his master's confidence. [The -Peasantry.] - -FRANCOIS, in 1822, stage-driver between Paris and Beaumont-sur-Oise, -in the service of the Touchard Company. [A Start in Life.] - -FRANCOISE, servant of Mme. Crochard, rue Saint-Louis in Marais in -1822. Toothless woman of thirty years' service. Was present at her -mistress' death-bed. This was the fourth she had buried. [A Second -Home.] - -FRAPPART, in 1839, at Arcis-sur-Aube, proprietor of a dance-hall where -was held the primary, presided over by Colonel Giguet, which nominated -Sallenauve. [The Member for Arcis.] - -FRAPPIER, finest carpenter in Provins in 1827-28. It was to him that -Jacques Brigaut came as apprentice when he went to the town to be near -his childhood's friend, Pierrette Lorrain. Frappier took care of her -when she left Rogron's house. Frappier was married. [Pierrette.] - -FREDERIC, one of the editors of Finot's paper in 1821, who reported -the Theatre-Francais and the Odeon. [A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] - -FRELU (La Grande), girl of Croisic who had a child by Simon Gaudry. -Nurse to Pierrette Cambremer whose mother died when she was very -young. [A Seaside Tragedy.] - -FRESCONI, an Italian who, during the Restoration and until 1828, ran a -nursery on Boulevard du Montparnasse. The business was not a success. -Barbet the book-seller was interested in it; he turned it into a -lodging-house, where dwelt Baron Bourlac. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -FRESQUIN, former supervisor of roads and bridges. Married and father -of a family. Employed, time of Louis Philippe, by Gregoire Gerard in -the hydraulic operations for Mme. Graslin at Montegnac. In 1843 -Fresquin was appointed district tax collector. [The Country Parson.] - -FRISCH (Samuel), Jewish jeweler on rue Saint-Avoie in 1829. Furnisher -and creditor of Esther Gobseck. A general pawnbroker. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] - -FRITAUD (Abbe), priest of Sancerre in 1836. [The Muse of the -Department.] - -FRITOT, dealer in shawls on the stock exchange, Paris, time of Louis -Philippe. Rival of Gaudissart. He sold an absurd shawl for six -thousand francs to Mistress Noswell, an eccentric Englishwoman. Fritot -was once invited to dine with the King. [Gaudissart II.] - -FRITOT (Madame), wife of preceding. [Gaudissart II.] - -FROIDFROND (Marquis de), born about 1777. Gentleman of Maine-et-Loire. -While very young he became insolvent and sold his chateau near -Saumur, which was bought at a low price for Felix Grandet by Cruchot -the notary, in 1811. About 1827 the marquis was a widower with -children, and was spoken of as a possible peer of France. At this time -Mme. des Grassins tried to persuade Eugenie Grandet, now an orphan, -that she would do well to wed the marquis, and that this marriage was -a pet scheme of her father. And again in 1832 when Eugenie was left a -widow by Cruchot de Bonfons, the family of the marquis tried to -arrange a marriage with him. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -FROMAGET, apothecary at Arcis-sur-Aube, time of Louis Philippe. As his -patronage did not extend to the Gondrevilles, he was disposed to work -against Keller; that is why he probably voted for Giguet in 1839. [The -Member for Arcis.] - -FROMENTEAU, police-agent. With Contenson he had belonged to the -political police of Louis XVIII. In 1845 he aided in unearthing -prisoners for debt. Being encountered at the home of Theodore Gaillard -by Gazonal, he revealed some curious details concerning different -kinds of police to the bewildered countryman. [The Unconscious -Humorists.] - -FUNCAL (Comte de), an assumed name of Bourignard, when he was met -at the Spanish Embassy, Paris, about 1820, by Henri de Marsay and -Auguste de Maulincour. There was a real Comte de Funcal, a -Portuguese-Brazilian, who had been a sailor, and whom Bourignard -duplicated exactly. He may have been "suppressed" violently by the -usurper of his name. [The Thirteen.] - - - - G - -GABILLEAU, deserter from the Seventeenth infantry; chauffeur executed -at Tulle, during the Empire, on the very day when he had planned an -escape. Was one of the accomplices of Farrabesche who profited by a -hole made in his dungeon by the condemned man to make his own escape. -[The Country Parson.] - -GABRIEL, born about 1790; messenger at the Department of Finance, and -check-receiver at the Theatre Royal, during the Restoration. A -Savoyard, and nephew of Antoine, the oldest messenger in the -department. Husband of a skilled lace-maker and shawl-mender. He lived -with his uncle Antoine and another relative employed in the -department, Laurent. [The Government Clerks.] - -GABUSSON, cashier in the employ of Dauriat the editor in 1821. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -GAILLARD (Theodore), journalist, proprietor or manager of newspapers. -In 1822 he and Hector Merlin established a Royalist paper in which -Rubempre, palinodist, aired opinions favorable to the existing -government, and slashed a very good book of his friend Daniel -d'Arthez. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] Under Louis Philippe -he was one of the owners of a very important political sheet. -[Beatrix. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] In 1845 he ran a strong -paper. At first a man of wit, "he ended by becoming stupid on account -of staying in the same environment." He interlarded his speech with -epigrams from popular pieces, pronouncing them with the emphasis given -by famous actors. Gaillard was good with his Odry and still better -with Lemaitre. He lived at rue Menars. There he was met by Lora, -Bixiou and Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -GAILLARD (Madame Theodore), born at Alencon about 1800. Given name -Suzanne. "A Norman beauty, fresh, blooming, and sturdy." One of the -employes of Mme. Lardot, the laundress, in 1816, the year when she -left her native town after having obtained some money of M. du -Bousquier by persuading him that she was with child by him. The -Chevalier de Valois liked Suzanne immensely, but did not allow himself -to be caught in this trap. Suzanne went to Paris and speedily became a -fashionable courtesan. Shortly thereafter she reappeared at Alencon -for a visit to attend Athanase Granson's funeral. She mourned with the -desolate mother, saying to her on leaving: "I loved him!" At the same -time she ridiculed the marriage of Mlle. Cormon with M. du Bousquier, -thus avenging the deceased and Chevalier de Valois. [Jealousies of a -Country Town.] Under the name of Mme. du Val-Noble she became noted in -the artistic and fashionable set. In 1821-22, she became the mistress -of Hector Merlin. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Bachelor's -Establishment.] After having been maintained by Jacques Falleix, the -broker who failed, she was for a short time in 1830 mistress of -Peyrade who was concealed under the name of Samuel Johnson, "the -nabob." She was acquainted with Esther Gobseck, who lived on rue -Saint-Georges in a mansion that had been fitted up for her--Suzanne ---by Falleix, and obtained by Nucingen for Esther. [Scenes in a -Courtesan's Life.] In 1838 she married Theodore Gaillard her lover -since 1830. In 1845 she received Lora, Bixiou, and Gazonal. [Beatrix. -The Unconscious Humorists.] - -GAILLARD, one of three guards who succeeded Courtecuisse, and under -the orders of Michaud, in the care of the estate of General de -Montcornet at Aigues. [The Peasantry.] - -GALARD, market-gardener of Auteuil; father of Mme. Lemprun, maternal -grandfather of Mme. Jerome Thuillier. He died, very aged, of an -accident in 1817. [The Peasantry.] - -GALARD (Mademoiselle), old maid, landed proprietor at Besancon, rue du -Perron. She let the first floor of her house to Albert Savarus, in -1834. [Albert Savarus.] - -GALARDON (Madame), nee Tiphaine, elder sister of M. Tiphaine, -president of the court at Provins. Married at first to a Guenee, she -kept one of the largest retail dry-goods shops in Paris, on rue -Saint-Denis. Towards the end of the year 1815 she sold out to Rogron -and went back to Provins. She had three daughters whom she provided -with husbands in the little town: the eldest married M. Lesourd, king's -attorney; the second, M. Martener a physician; the third, M. Auffray a -notary. Finally she herself married for her second husband, M. -Galardon, receiver of taxes. She invariably added to her signature, -"nee Tiphaine." She defended Pierrette Lorrain, and was at outs with -the Liberals of Provins, who were induced to persecute Rogron's ward. -[Pierrette.] - -GALATHIONNE (Prince and Princess), Russians. The prince was one of the -lovers of Diane de Maufrigneuse. [The Secrets of a Princess.] In -September, 1815, he protected La Minoret a celebrated opera dancer, to -whose daughter he gave a dowry. [The Middle Classes.] In 1819 Marsay, -appearing in the box of the Princess Galathionne, at the Italiens, had -Mme. de Nucingen at his mercy. [Father Goriot.] In 1821 Lousteau said -that the story of the Prince Galathionne's diamonds, the Maubreuil -affair and the Pombreton will, were fruitful newspaper topics. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] In 1834-35, the princess gave -balls which the Comtesse Felix de Vandenesse attended. [A Daughter of -Eve.] About 1840 the prince tried to get Mme. Schontz away from the -Marquis de Rochefide; but she said: "Prince, you are no handsomer, but -you are older than Rochefide. You would beat me, while he is like a -father to me." [Beatrix.] - -GALOPE-CHOPINE. (See Cibot.) - -GAMARD (Sophie), old maid; owner of a house at Tours on rue de la -Psalette, which backed the Saint Gatien church. She let part of it to -priests. Here lodged the Abbes Troubert, Chapeloud and Francois -Birotteau. The house had been purchased during the Terror by the -father of Mlle. Gamard, a dealer in wood, a kind of parvenu peasant. -After receiving Abbe Birotteau most cordially she took a disliking to -him which was secretly fostered by Troubert, and she finally -dispossessed him, seizing the furniture which he valued so greatly. -Mlle. Gamard died in 1826 of a chill. Troubert circulated the report -that Birotteau had caused her death by the sorrow which he had caused -the old maid. [The Vicar of Tours.] - -GAMBARA (Paolo), musician, born at Cremona in 1791; son of an -instrument-maker, a moderately good performer and a great composer who -was driven from his home by the French and ruined by the war. These -events consigned Paolo Gambara to a wandering existence from the age -of ten. He found little quietude and obtained no congenial situation -till about 1813 in Venice. At this time he put on an opera, "Mahomet," -at the Fenice theatre, which failed miserably. Nevertheless he -obtained the hand of Marianina, whom he loved, and with her wandered -through Germany to settle finally in Paris in 1831, in a wretched -apartment on rue Froidmanteau. The musician, an accomplished theorist, -could not interpret intelligently any of his remarkable ideas and he -would play to his wondering auditors jumbled compositions which he -thought to be sublime inspirations. However he enthusiastically -analyzed "Robert le Diable," having heard Meyerbeer's masterpiece -while a guest of Andrea Marcosini. In 1837 he was reduced to mending -musical instruments, and occasionally he went with his wife to sing -duets in the open air on the Champs-Elysees, to pick up a few sous. -Emilio and Massimilla de Varese were deeply sympathetic of the -Gambaras, whom they met in the neighborhood of Faubourg Saint-Honore. -Paolo Gambara had no commonsense except when drunk. He had invented an -outlandish instrument which he called the "panharmonicon." [Gambara.] - -GAMBARA (Marianina), Venetian, wife of Paolo Gambara. With him she led -a life of almost continual poverty, and for a long time maintained -them at Paris by her needle. Her clients on rue Froidmanteau were -mostly profligate women, who however were kind and generous towards -her. From 1831 to 1836 she left her husband, going with a lover, -Andrea Marcosini, who abandoned her at the end of five years to marry -a dancer; and in January, 1837, she returned to her husband's home -emaciated, withered and faded, "a sort of nervous skeleton," to resume -a life of still greater squalor. [Gambara.] - -GANDOLPHINI (Prince), Neapolitan, former partisan of King Murat. A -victim of the last Revolution he was, in 1823, banished and poverty -stricken. At this time he was sixty-five years old, though he looked -eighty. He lived modestly enough with his young wife at Gersau ---Lucerne--under the English name of Lovelace. He also passed for a -certain Lamporani, who was at that time a well-known publisher of -Milan. When in the presence of Rodolphe the prince resumed his true -self he said: "I know how to make up. I was an actor during the Empire -with Bourrienne, Mme. Murat, Mme. d'Abrantes, and any number of -others."--Character in a novel "L'Ambitieux par Amour," published by -Albert Savarus, in the "Revue de l'Est," in 1834. Under this -fictitious name the author related his own history: Rodolphe was -himself and the Prince and Princesse Gandolphini were the Duc and -Duchesse d'Argaiolo. [Albert Savarus.] - -GANDOLPHINI (Princesse), nee Francesca Colonna, a Roman of illustrious -origin, fourth child of the Prince and Princess Colonna. While very -young she married Prince Gandolphini, one of the richest landed -proprietors of Sicily. Under the name of Miss Lovelace, she met -Rodolphe in Switzerland and he fell in love with her.--Heroine of a -novel entitled "L'Ambitieux par Amour," by Albert Savarus. [Albert -Savarus.] - -GANIVET, bourgeois of Issoudun, In 1822, in a conversation where -Maxence Gilet was discussed, Commandant Potel threatened to make -Ganivet "swallow his tongue without sauce" if he continued to slander -the lover of Flore Brazier. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -GANIVET (Mademoiselle), a woman of Issoudun "as ugly as the seven -capital sins." Nevertheless she succeeded in winning a certain -Borniche-Hereau who in 1778 left her an income of a thousand crowns. -[A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -GANNERAC, in transfer business at Angouleme. In 1821-22 he was -involved in the affair of the notes endorsed by Rubempre in imitation -of the signature of his brother-in-law Sechard. [Lost Illusions.] - -GARANGEOT, in 1845 conducted the orchestra in a theatre run by Felix -Gaudissart, succeeding Sylvain Pons to the baton. Cousin of Heloise -Brisetout, who obtained the place for him. [Cousin Pons.] - -GARCELAND, mayor of Provins during the Restoration. Son-in-law of -Guepin. Indirectly protected Pierrette Lorrain from the Liberals of -the village led by Maitre Vinet, who acted for Rogron. [Pierrette.] - -GARCENAULT (De), first president of the Court of Besancon in 1834. He -got the chapter of the cathedral to secure Albert Savarus as counsel -in a lawsuit between the chapter and the city. Savarus won the suit. -[Albert Savarus.] - -GARNERY, one of two special detectives in May, 1830, authorized by the -attorney-general, De Granville, to seize certain letters written to -Lucien de Rubempre by Mme. de Serizy, the Duchesse de Maufrigneuse and -Mlle. Clotilde de Grandlieu. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -GASNIER, peasant living near Grenoble; born about 1789. Married and -the father of several children whom he loved dearly. Inconsolable at -the loss of the eldest. Doctor Benassis, mayor of the commune, -mentioned this parental affection as a rare instance among tillers of -the soil. [The Country Doctor.] - -GASSELIN, a Breton born in 1794; servant of the Guenics of Guerande, -in 1836, having been in their employ since he was fifteen. A short, -stout fellow with black hair, furrowed face; silent and slow. He took -care of the garden and stables. In 1832 in the foolish venture of -Duchesse de Berry, in which Gasselin took part with the Baron du -Guenic and his son Calyste, the faithful servant received a sabre cut -on the shoulder, while shielding the young man. This action seemed so -natural to the family that Gasselin received small thanks. [Beatrix.] - -GASTON (Louis), elder natural son of Lady Brandon, born in 1805. Left -an orphan in the early years of the Restoration, he was, though still -a child, like a father to his younger brother Marie Gaston, whom he -placed in college at Tours; after which he himself shipped as -cabin-boy on a man-of-war. After being raised to the rank of captain -of an American ship and becoming wealthy in India, he died at Calcutta, -during the first part of the reign of Louis Philippe, as a result of -the failure of the "famous Halmer," and just as he was starting back -to France, married and happy. [La Grenadiere. Letters of Two Brides.] - -GASTON (Marie), second natural son of Lady Brandon; born in 1810. -Educated at the college of Tours, which he quitted in 1827. Poet; -protege of Daniel d'Arthez, who often gave him food and shelter. In -1831 he met Louise de Chaulieu, the widow of Macumer, at the home of -Mme. d'Espard. He married her in October, 1833, though she was older -than he, and he was encumbered with debts amounting to 30,000 francs. -The couple living quietly at Ville-d'Avray, were happy until a day -when the jealous Louise conceived unjustifiable suspicions concerning -the fidelity of her husband; on which account she died after they had -been married two years. During these two years Gaston wrote at least -four plays. One of them written in collaboration with his wife was -presented with the greatest success under the names of Nathan and -"others." [La Grenadiere. Letters of Two Brides.] In his early youth -Gaston had published, at the expense of his friend Dorlange, a volume -of poetry, "Les Perce-neige," the entire edition of which found its -way, at three sous the volume, to a second-hand book-shop, whence, one -fine day, it inundated the quays from Pont Royal to Pont Marie. [The -Member for Arcis.] - -GASTON (Madame Louis), an Englishwoman of cold, distant manners; wife -of Louis Gaston; probably married him in India where he died as a -result of unfortunate business deals. As a widow she came to France -with two children, where without resource she became a charge to her -brother-in-law who visited and aided her secretly. She lived in Paris -on rue de la Ville-Eveque. The visits made by Marie Gaston were spoken -of to his wife who became jealous, not knowing their object. Mme. -Louis Gaston was thus innocently the cause of Mme. Marie Gaston's -death. [Letters of Two Brides.] - -GASTON (Madame Marie), born Armande-Louise-Marie de Chaulieu, in 1805. -At first destined to take the veil; educated at the Carmelite convent -of Blois with Renee de Maucombe who became Mme. de l'Estorade. She -remained constant in her relations with this faithful friend--at least -by letter--who was a prudent and wise adviser. In 1825 Louise married -her professor in Spanish, the Baron de Macumer, whom she lost in 1829. -In 1833 she married the poet Marie Gaston. Both marriages were -sterile. In the first she was adored and believed that she loved; in -the second she was loved as much as she loved, but her insane -jealousy, and her horseback rides from Ville-d'Avray to Verdier's were -her undoing, and she died in 1835 of consumption, contracted purposely -through despair at the thought that she had been deceived. After -leaving the convent she had lived successively at the following -places: on Faubourg Saint-Germain, Paris, where she saw M. de Bonald; -at Chantepleur, an estate in Burgundy, at La Crampade, in Provence, -with Mme. de l'Estorade; in Italy; at Ville-d'Avray, where she sleeps -her last sleep in a park of her own planning. [Letters of Two Brides.] - -GATIENNE, servant of Mme. and Mlle. Bontems, at Bayeux, in 1805. [A -Second Home.] - -GAUBERT, one of the most illustrious generals of the Republic; first -husband of a Mlle. de Ronquerolles whom he left a widow at the age of -twenty, making her his heir. She married again in 1806, choosing the -Comte de Serizy. [A Start in Life.] - -GAUBERTIN (Francois), born about 1770; son of the ex-sheriff of -Soulanges, Burgundy, before the Revolution. About 1791, after five -years' clerkship to the steward of Mlle. Laguerre at Aigues, he -succeeded to the stewardship. His father having become public -prosecutor in the department, time of the Republic, he was made mayor -of Blangy. In 1796 he married the "citizeness" Isaure Mouchon, by whom -he had three children: a son, Claude, and two daughters, Jenny--Mme. -Leclercq--and Eliza. He had also a natural son, Bournier, whom he -placed in charge of a local newspaper. At the death of Mlle. Laguerre, -Gaubertin, after twenty-five years of stewardship, possessed 600,000 -francs. He ended by dreaming of acquiring the estate at Aigues; but -the Comte de Montcornet purchased it, retained him in charge, caught -him one day in a theft and discharged him summarily. Gaubertin -received at that time sundry lashes with a whip of which he said -nothing, but for which he revenged himself. The old steward became, -nevertheless, a person of importance. In 1820 he was mayor of -Ville-aux-Fayes, and supplied one-third of the Paris wood. Being -general agent of this rural industry, he managed the forests, lumber -and guards. Gaubertin was related throughout a whole district, like -a "boa-constrictor twisted around a gigantic tree"; the church, the -magistracy, the municipality, the government--all did his bidding. -Even the peasantry served his interests indirectly. When the general, -disgusted by the numberless vexations of his estate, wished to sell -the property at Aigues, Gaubertin bought the forests, while his -partners, Rigou and Soudry, acquired the vineyards and other grounds. -[The Peasantry.] - -GAUBERTIN (Madame), born Isaure Mouchon in 1778. Daughter of a member -of the Convention and friend of Gaubertin senior. Wife of Francois -Gaubertin. An affected creature of Ville-aux-Fayes who played the -great lady mightily. [The Peasantry.] - -GAUBERTIN (Claude), son of Francois Gaubertin, godson of Mlle. -Laguerre, at whose expense he was educated at Paris. The busiest -attorney at Ville-aux-Fayes in 1823. After five years' practice he -spoke of selling his office. He probably became judge. [The -Peasantry.] - -GAUBERTIN (Jenny), elder daughter of Francois Gaubertin. (See -Leclercq, Madame.) - -GAUBERTIN (Elisa or Elise), second daughter of Francois Gaubertin. -Loved, courted and longed for since 1819 by the sub-prefect of -Ville-aux-Fayes, M. des Lupeaulx--the nephew. M. Lupin, notary at -Soulanges, sought on his part the young girl's hand for his only son -Amaury. [The Peasantry.] - -GAUBERTIN-VALLAT (Mademoiselle), old maid, sister of Mme. Sibilet, -wife of the clerk of the court at Ville-aux-Fayes, in 1823. She ran -the town's stamp office. [The Peasantry.] - -GAUCHER was in 1803 a boy working for Michu. [The Gondreville -Mystery.] - -GAUDET, second clerk in Desroches' law office in 1824. [A Start in -Life.] - -GAUDIN, chief of squadron in the mounted grenadiers of the Imperial -Guard; made baron of the Empire, with the estate of Wistchnau. Made -prisoner by Cossacks at the passage of the Beresina, he escaped, going -to India where he was lost sight of. However he returned to France -about 1830, in bad health, but a multi-millionaire. [The Magic Skin.] - -GAUDIN (Madame), wife of foregoing, managed the Hotel Saint-Quentin, -rue des Cordiers, Paris, during the Restoration. Among her guests was -Raphael de Valentin. Her husband's return in 1830 made her wealthy and -a baroness. [The Magic Skin.] - -GAUDIN (Pauline), daughter of the foregoing. Was acquainted with, -loved, and modestly aided Raphael de Valentin, a poor lodger at Hotel -Saint-Quintin. After the return of her father she lived with her -parents on rue Saint-Lazare. For a long time her whereabouts were -unknown to Raphael who had quitted the hotel abruptly; then he met her -again one evening at the Italiens. They fell into each other's arms, -declaring their mutual love. Raphael who also had become rich resolved -to espouse Pauline; but frightened by the shrinkage of the "magic -skin" he fled precipitately and returned to Paris. Pauline hastened -after him, only to behold him die upon her breast in a transport of -furious, impotent love. [The Magic Skin.] - -GAUDISSART (Jean-Francois), father of Felix Gaudissart. [Cesar -Birotteau.] - -GAUDISSART (Felix), native of Normandy, born about 1792, a "great" -commercial traveler making a specialty of the hat trade. Known to the -Finots, having been in the employ of the father of Andoche. Also -handled all the "articles of Paris." In 1816 he was arrested on the -denunciation of Peyrade--Pere Canquoelle. He had imprudently conversed -in the David cafe with a retired officer concerning a conspiracy -against the Bourbons that was about to break out. Thus the conspiracy -was thwarted and two men were sent to the scaffold. Gaudissart being -released by Judge Popinot was ever after grateful to the magistrate -and devoted to the interests of his nephew. When he became minister, -Anselme Popinot obtained for Gaudissart license for a large theatre on -the boulevard, which in 1834 aimed to supply the demand for popular -opera. This theatre employed Sylvain Pons, Schmucke, Schwab, Garangeot -and Heloise Brisetout, Felix's mistress. [Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life. Cousin Pons.] "Gaudissart the Great," then a young man, attended -the Birotteau ball. About that time he probably lived on rue des -Deux-Ecus, Paris. [Cesar Birotteau.] During the Restoration, a "pretended -florist's agent" sent by Judge Popinot to Comte Octave de Bauvan, he -bought at exorbitant prices the artificial flowers made by Honorine. -[Honorine.] At Vouvray in 1831 this man, so accustomed to fool others, -was himself mystified in rather an amusing manner by a retired dyer, a -sort of "country Figaro" named Vernier. A bloodless duel resulted. -After the episode, Gaudissart boasted that the affair had been to his -advantage. He was "in this Saint-Simonian period" the lover of Jenny -Courand. [Gaudissart the Great.] - -GAUDRON (Abbe), an Auvergnat; vicar and then curate of the church of -Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis, rue Saint-Antoine, Paris, during the -Restoration and the Government of July. A peasant filled with faith, -square below and above, a "sacerdotal ox" utterly ignorant of the -world and of literature. Being confessor of Isidore Baudoyer he -endeavored in 1824 to further the promotion of that incapable chief of -bureau in the Department of Finance. In the same year he was present -at a dinner at the Comte de Bauvan's when were discussed questions -relating to woman. [The Government Clerks. Honorine.] In 1826 Abbe -Gaudron confessed Mme. Clapart and led her into devout paths; the -former Aspasia of the Directory had not confessed for forty years. In -February, 1830, the priest obtained the Dauphiness' protection for -Oscar Husson, son of Mme. Clapart by her first husband, and that young -man was promoted to a sub-lieutenancy in a regiment where he had been -serving as subaltern. [A Start in Life.] - -GAULT, warden of the Conciergerie in May, 1830, when Jacques Collin -and Rubempre were imprisoned there. He was then aged. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] - -GAY, boot-maker in Paris, rue de la Michodiere, in 1821, who furnished -the boots for Rubempre which aroused Matifat's suspicion. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -GAZONAL (Sylvestre-Palafox-Castel), one of the most skillful weavers -in the Eastern Pyrenees; commandant of the National Guard, September, -1795. On a visit to Paris in 1845 for the settlement of an important -lawsuit he sought out his cousin, Leon de Lora, the landscape artist, -who in one day, with Bixiou the caricaturist, showed him the under -side of the city, opening up to him a whole gallery full of -"unconscious humorists"--dancers, actresses, police-agents, etc. -Thanks to his two cicerones, he won his lawsuit and returned home. -[The Unconscious Humorists.] - -GENDRIN, caricaturist, tenant of M. Molineux, Cour Batave, in 1818. -According to his landlord, the artist was a profoundly immoral man who -drew caricatures against the government, brought bad women home with -him and made the hall uninhabitable. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -GENDRIN, brother-in-law of Gaubertin the steward of Aigues. He also -had married a daughter of Mouchon. Formerly an attorney, then for a -long time a judge of the Court of First Instance at Ville-aux-Fayes, -he at last became president of the court, through the influence of -Comte de Soulanges, under the Restoration. [The Peasantry.] - -GENDRIN, court counselor of a departmental seat in Burgundy, and a -distant relative of President Gendrin. [The Peasantry.] - -GENDRIN, only son of President Gendrin; recorder of mortgages in that -sub-prefecture in 1823. [The Peasantry.] - -GENDRIN-WATTEBLED (or Vatebled), born about 1733. General supervisor -of streams and forests at Soulanges, Burgundy, from the reign of Louis -XV. Was still in office in 1823. A nonagenarian he spoke, in his lucid -moments, of the jurisdiction of the Marble Table. He reigned over -Soulanges before Mme. Soudry's advent. [The Peasantry.] - -GENESTAS (Pierre-Joseph), cavalry officer, born in 1779. At first a -regimental lad, then a soldier. Sub-lieutenant in 1802; officer of the -Legion of Honor after the battle of Moskowa; chief of squadron in -1829. In 1814 he married the widow of his friend Renard, a subaltern. -She died soon after, leaving a child that was legally recognized by -Genestas, who entrusted him, then a young man, to the care of Dr. -Benassis. In December, 1829, Genestas was promoted to be a -lieutenant-colonel in a regiment quartered at Poitiers. [The Country -Doctor.] - -GENESTAS (Madame Judith), Polish Jewess, born in 1795. Married in 1812 -after the Sarmatian custom to her lover Renard, a French -quartermaster, who was killed in 1813. Judith gave him one son, -Adrien, and survived the father one year. _In extremis_ she married -Genestas a former lover, who adopted Adrien. [The Country Doctor.] - -GENESTAS (Adrien), adopted son of Commandant Genestas, born in 1813 to -Judith the Polish Jewess and Renard who was killed before the birth of -his son. Adrien was a living picture of his mother--olive complexion, -beautiful black eyes of a spirituelle sadness, and a head of hair too -heavy for his frail body. When sixteen he seemed but twelve. He had -fallen into bad habits, but after living with Dr. Benassis for eight -months, he was cured and became robust. [The Country Doctor.] - -GENEVIEVE, an idiotic peasant girl, ugly and comparatively rich. -Friend and companion of the Comtesse de Vandieres, then insane and an -inmate of the asylum of Bons-Hommes, near Isle-Adam, during the -Restoration. Jilted by a mason, Dallot, who had promised to marry her, -Genevieve lost what little sense love had aroused in her. [Farewell.] - -GENOVESE, tenor at the Fenice theatre, Venice, in 1820. Born at -Bergamo in 1797. Pupil of Veluti. Having long loved La Tinti, he sang -outrageously in her presence, so long as she resisted his advances, -but regained all his powers after she yielded to him. [Massimilla -Doni.] In the winter of 1823-24, at the home of Prince Gandolphini, in -Geneva, Genovese sang with his mistress, an exiled Italian prince, and -Princess Gandolphini, the famous quartette, "Mi manca la voce." -[Albert Savarus.] - -GENTIL, old valet in service of Mme. de Bargeton, during the -Restoration. During the summer of 1821, with Albertine and Lucien de -Rubempre, he accompanied his mistress to Paris. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] - -GENTILLET, sold in 1835 an old diligence to Albert Savarus when the -latter was leaving Besancon after the visit on the part of Prince -Soderini. [Albert Savarus.] - -GENTILLET (Madame), maternal grandmother of Felix Grandet. She died in -1806 leaving considerable property. In Grandet's "drawing room" at -Saumur was a pastel of Mme. Gentillet, representing her as a -shepherdess. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -GEORGES, confidential valet of Baron de Nucingen, at Paris, time of -Charles X. Knew of his aged master's love affairs and aided or -thwarted him at will. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -GERARD (Francois-Pascal-Simon, Baron), celebrated painter--1770-1837 ---procured for Joseph Bridau in 1818 two copies of Louis XVIII.'s -portrait which were worth to the beginner, then very poor, a thousand -francs, a tidy sum for the Bridau family. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] The Parisian salon of Gerard, much sought after, had a -rival at Chaussee-d'Antin in that of Mlle. de Touches. [Beatrix.] - -GERARD, adjutant-general of the Seventy-second demi-brigade, commanded -by Hulot. A careful education had developed a superior intellect in -Gerard. He was a staunch Republican. Killed by the Chouan, Pille-Miche, -at Vivetiere, December 1799. [The Chouans.] - -GERARD (Gregoire), born in 1802, probably in Limousin. Protestant of -somewhat uncouth exterior, son of a journeyman carpenter who died when -rather young; godson of F. Grossetete. From the age of twelve the -banker had encouraged him in the study of the exact sciences for which -he had natural aptitude. Studied at Ecole Polytechnique from nineteen -to twenty-one; then entered as a pupil of engineering in the National -School of Roads and Bridges, from which he emerged in 1826 and stood -the examinations for ordinary engineer two years later. He was -cool-headed and warm-hearted. He became disgusted with his profession -when he ascertained its many limitations, and he plunged into the July -(1830) Revolution. He was probably on the point of adopting the -Saint-Simonian doctrine, when M. Grossetete prevailed upon him to take -charge of some important works on the estate of Mme. Pierre Graslin in -Haute-Vienne. Gerard wrought wonders aided by Fresquin and other -capable men. He became mayor of Montegnac in 1838. Mme. Graslin died -about 1844. Gerard followed out her final wishes, and lived with her -children, assuming guardianship of Francis Graslin. Three months -later, again furthering the desires of the deceased, Gerard married a -native girl, Denise Tascheron, the sister of a man who had been -executed in 1829. [The Country Parson.] - -GERARD (Madame Gregoire), wife of foregoing, born Denise Tascheron, of -Montegnac, Limousin; youngest child of a rather large family. She -lavished her sisterly affection on her brother, the condemned -Tasheron, visiting him in prison and softening his savage nature. With -the aid of another brother, Louis-Marie, she made away with certain -compromising clues of her eldest brother's crime, and restored the -stolen money, afterwards she emigrated to America, where she became -wealthy. Becoming homesick she returned to Montegnac, fifteen years -later, where she recognized Francis Graslin, her brother's natural -son, and became a second mother to him when she married the engineer, -Gerard. This marriage of a Protestant with a Catholic took place in -1844. "In grace, modesty, piety and beauty, Mme. Gerard resembled the -heroine of 'Edinburgh Prison.'" [The Country Parson.] - -GERARD (Madame), widow, poor but honest, mother of several grown-up -daughters; kept a furnished hotel on rue Louis-le-Grand, Paris, about -the end of the Restoration. Being under obligations to Suzanne du -Val-Noble--Mme. Theodore Gaillard--she sheltered her when the courtesan -was driven away from a fine apartment on rue Saint-Georges, following -the ruin and flight of her lover, Jacques Falleix, the stockbroker. -Mme. Gerard was not related to the other Gerards mentioned above. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -GIARDINI, Neapolitan cook somewhat aged. He and his wife ran a -restaurant in rue Froidmanteau, Paris, in 1830-31. He had established, -so he said, three restaurants in Italy: at Naples, Parma and Rome. In -the first years of Louis Philippe's reign, his peculiar cookery was -the fare of Paolo Gambara. In 1837 this crank on the subject of -special dishes had fallen to the calling of broken food huckster on -rue Froidmanteau. [Gambara.] - -GIBOULARD (Gatienne), a very pretty daughter of a wealthy carpenter of -Auxerre; vainly desired, about 1823, by Sarcus for wife, but his -father, Sarcus the Rich, would not consent. Later the social set of -Mme. Soudry, the leading one of a neighboring village, dreamed for a -moment of avenging themselves on the people of Aigues by winning over -Gatienne Giboulard. She could have embroiled M. and Mme. Montcornet, -and perhaps even compromised Abbe Brossette. [The Peasantry.] - -GIGELMI, Italian orchestra conductor, living in Paris with the -Gambaras. After the Revolution of 1830, he dined at Giardini's on rue -Froidmanteau. [Gambara.] - -GIGONNET. (See Bidault.) - -GIGUET (Colonel), native probably of Arcis-sur-Aube, where he lived -after retirement. One of Mme. Marion's brothers. One of the most -highly esteemed officers of the Grand Army. Had a fine sense of honor; -was for eleven years merely captain of artillery; chief of battalion -in 1813; major in 1814. On account of devotion to Napoleon he refused -to serve the Bourbons after the first abdication; and he gave such -proofs of his fidelity in 1815, that he would have been exiled had it -not been for the Comte de Gondreville, who obtained for him retirement -on half-pay with the rank of colonel. About 1806 he married one of the -daughters of a wealthy Hamburg banker, who gave him three children and -died in 1814. Between 1818 and 1825 Giguet lost the two younger -children, a son named Simon alone surviving. A Bonapartist and -Liberal, the colonel was, during the Restoration, president of the -committee at Arcis, where he came in touch with Grevin, Beauvisage and -Varlet, notables of the same stamp. He abandoned active politics after -his ideas triumphed, and, during the reign of Louis Philippe, he -became a noted horticulturist, the creator of the famous Giguet rose. -Nevertheless the colonel continued to be the god of his sister's very -influential salon where he appeared at the time of the legislative -elections of 1839. In the first part of May of that year the little -old man, wonderfully preserved, presided over an electoral convention -at Frappart's, the candidates in the field being his own son, Simon -Giguet, Phileas Beauvisage, and Sallenauve-Dorlange. [The Member for -Arcis.] - -GIGUET (Colonel), brother of the preceding and of Mme. Marion; was -brigadier of gendarmes at Arcis-sur-Aube in 1803; promoted to a -lieutenancy in 1806. As brigadier Giguet was one of the most -experienced men in the service. The commandant of Troyes mentioned him -especially to the two Parisian detectives, Peyrade and Corentin, -entrusted with watching the actions of the Simeuses and the -Hauteserres which resulted in the ruin of these young Royalists on -account of the pretended seizure of Gondreville. However, an adroit -manoeuvre on the part of Francois Michu at first prevented Brigadier -Giguet from seizing these conspirators whom he had tracked to earth. -After his promotion to lieutenant he succeeded in arresting them. He -finally became colonel of the gendarmes of Troyes, whither Mme. -Marion, then Mlle. Giguet, went with him. He died before his brother -and sister, and made her his heir. [The Gondreville Mystery. The -Member for Arcis.] - -GIGUET (Simon), born during the first Empire, the oldest and only -surviving child of Colonel Giguet of the artillery. In 1814 he lost -his mother, the daughter of a rich Hamburg banker, and in 1826 his -maternal grandfather who left him an income of two thousand francs, -the German having favored others of the large family. He did not hope -for any further inheritance save that of his father's sister, Mme. -Marion, which had been augmented by the legacy of Colonel Giguet of -the gendarmes. Thus it was that, after studying law with the -subprefect Antonin Goulard, Simon Giguet, deprived of a fortune which -at first seemed assured to him, became a simple attorney in the little -town of Arcis, where attorneys are of little service. His aunt's and -his father's position fired him with ambition for a political career. -Giguet ogled at the same time for the hand and dowry of Cecile -Beauvisage. Of mediocre ability; upheld the Left Centre, but failed of -election in May, 1839, when he presented himself as candidate for -Arcis-sur-Aube. [The Member for Arcis.] - -GILET (Maxence), born in 1789. He passed at Issoudun for the natural -son of Lousteau, the sub-delegate. Others thought him the son of Dr. -Rouget, a friend and rival of Lousteau. In short "fortunately for the -child both claimed him"; though he belonged to neither. His true -father was found to be a "charming officer of dragoons in the garrison -at Bourges." His mother, the wife of a poor drunken cobbler of -Issoudun, had the marvelous beauty of a Transteverin. Her husband was -aware of his wife's actions and profited by them: through interested -motives, Lousteau and Rouget were allowed to believe whatever they -wished about the child's paternity, for which reason both contributed -to the education of Maxence, usually known as Max. In 1806, at the age -of seventeen, Max enlisted in a regiment going to Spain. In 1809 he -was left for dead in Portugal in an English battery; taken by the -English and conveyed to the Spanish prison-hulks at Cabrera. There he -remained from 1810 to 1814. When he returned to Issoudun his father -and his mother had both died in the hospital. On the return of -Bonaparte, Max served as captain in the Imperial Guard. During the -second Restoration he returned to Issoudun and became leader of the -"Knights of Idlesse" which were addicted to nocturnal escapades more -or less agreeable to the inhabitants of the town. "Max played at -Issoudun a part almost identical with that of Smith in 'The Fair Maid -of Perth'; he was the champion of Bonapartism and opposition. They -relied upon him, as the citizens of Perth had relied upon Smith on -great occasions." A possible Caesar Borgia on more extensive ground, -Gilet lived very comfortably, although without a personal income. And -that is why Max with certain inherited qualities and defects rashly -went to live with his supposed natural father, Jean-Jacques Rouget, a -rich and witless old bachelor who was under the thumb of a superb -servant-mistress, Flore Brazier, known as La Rabouilleuse. After 1816 -Gilet lorded it over the household; the handsome chap had won the -heart of Mlle. Brazier. Surrounded by a sort of staff, Maxence -contested the important inheritance of Rouget, maintaining his ground -with marvelous skill against the two lawful heirs, Agathe and Joseph -Bridau; and he would have appropriated it but for the intervention of -a third heir, Philippe Bridau. Max was killed in a duel by Philippe -Bridau in the early part of December, 1822. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -GILLE, once printer to the Emperor; owner of script letters which -Jerome-Nicolas Sechard made use of in 1819, claiming for them that -they were the ancestors of the English type of Didot. [Lost -Illusions.] - -GINA, character in "L'Ambitieux par Amour," autobiographical novel by -Albert Savarus; a sort of "ferocious" Sormano. Represented as a young -Sicilian girl, fourteen years old, in the services of the -Gandolphinis, political refugees at Gersau, Switzerland, in 1823. So -devoted as to pretend dumbness on occasion, and to wound more or less -seriously the hero of the romance, Rodolphe, who had secretly entered -the Gandolphini home. [Albert Savarus.] - -GINETTA (La), young Corsican girl. Very small and slender, but no less -clever. Mistress of Theodore Calvi, and an accomplice in the double -crime committed by her lover, towards the end of the Restoration, when -she was able on account of her small size to creep down an open -chimney at the widow Pigeau's, and thus to open the house door for -Theodore who robbed and murdered the two inmates, the widow and the -servant. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -GIRARD, banker and discounter at Paris during the Restoration; perhaps -also somewhat of a pawnbroker; an acquaintance of Esther Gobseck's. -Like Palma, Werbrust and Gigonnet, he held a number of notes signed by -Maxime de Trailles; and Gobseck who knew it used them against the -count, then the lover of Mme. de Restaud, when Trailles went to the -usurer in rue des Gres and besought assistance in vain. [Gobseck.] - -GIRARD (Mother), who ran a little restaurant at Paris in rue de -Tournon, prior to 1838, had a successor with whom Godefroid promised -to board when he was inspecting the left bank of the Seine, and trying -to aid the Bourlac-Mergis. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -GIRARDET, attorney at Besancon, between 1830 and 1840. A talkative -fellow and adherent of Albert Savarus, he followed, probably in the -latter's interest, the beginning of the Watteville suit. When Savarus -left Besancon suddenly, Girardet tried to straighten out his -colleague's affairs, and advanced him five thousand francs. [Albert -Savarus.] - -GIRAUD (Leon), was at Paris in 1821 member of the Cenacle of rue des -Quatre-Vents, presided over by Daniel d'Arthez. He represented the -philosophical element. His "doctrines" predicted the end of -Christianity and of the family. In 1821 he was also in charge of a -"grave and dignified" opposition journal. He became the head of a -moral and political school, whose "sincerity atoned for its errors." -[A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] About the same time Giraud -frequented the home of the mother of his friend Joseph Bridau, and was -going there at the time when the painter's elder brother, the -Bonapartist Philippe, got into trouble. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] -The Revolution of July opened the political career of Leon Giraud who -became master of requests in 1832, and afterwards councillor of state. -In 1845 Giraud was a member of the Chamber, sitting in the Left -Centre. [The Secrets of a Princess. The Unconscious Humorists.] - -GIREL, of Troyes. According to Michu, Girel, a Royalist like himself, -during the first Revolution, played the Jacobin in the interest of his -fortune. From 1803 to 1806, at any rate, he was in correspondence with -the Strasbourg house of Breintmayer, which dealt with the Simeuse -twins when they were tracked by Bonaparte's police. [The Gondreville -Mystery.] - -GIRODET (Anne-Louis), celebrated painter, born at Montargis, in 1767, -died at Paris in 1824. Under the Empire he was on friendly terms with -his colleague, Theodore de Sommervieux. One day in the latter's studio -he greatly admired a portrait of Augustine Guillaume and an interior, -which he advised him, but in vain not to exhibit at the Salon, -thinking the two works too true to nature to be appreciated by the -public. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] - -GIROUD (Abbe), confessor of Rosalie de Watteville at Besancon between -1830 and 1840. [Albert Savarus.] - -GIROUDEAU, born about 1774. Uncle of Andoche Finot; began as simple -soldier in the army of Sambre and Meuse; five years master-at-arms in -the First Hussars--army of Italy; charged at Eylau with Colonel -Chabert. He passed into the dragoons of the Imperial Guard, where he -was captain in 1815. The Restoration interrupted his military career. -Finot, manager of various Parisian papers and reviews, put him in -charge of the cash and accounts of a little journal devoted to -dramatic news, which he ran from 1821 to 1822. Giroudeau was also -editor, and his duty it was to wage the warfare; beyond that he lived -a gay life. Although on the wrong side of forty and afflicted with -catarrh he had for mistress Florentine Cabirolle of the Gaite. He went -with the high-livers--among others with his former mess-mate Philippe -Bridau, at whose wedding with Flore Brazier he was present in 1824. In -November, 1825, Frederic Marest gave a grand breakfast to Desroches' -clerks at the Rocher de Cancale, to which Giroudeau was invited. All -spent the evening with Florentine Cabirolle who entertained them -royally but involuntarily got Oscar Husson into trouble. Ex-Captain -Giroudeau bore firearms during the "three glorious days," re-entered -the service after the accession of citizen royalty and soon became -colonel then general, 1834-35. At this time he was enabled to satisfy -a legitimate resentment against his former friend, Bridau, and block -his advancement. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Start in -Life. A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -GIVRY, one of several names of the second son of the Duc de -Chaulieu, who became by his marriage with Madeleine de Mortsauf a -Lenoncourt-Givry-Chaulieu. [Letters of Two Brides. The Lily of the -Valley. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -GOBAIN (Madame Marie), formerly cook to a bishop; lived during the -Restoration in Paris on rue Saint-Maur, Popinot quarter, under very -peculiar circumstances. She was in the service of Octave de Bauvan. -Was the maid and housekeeper of Comtesse Honorine when the latter left -home and became a maker of artificial flowers. Mme. Gobain had been -secretly engaged by M. de Bauvan, who through her was enabled to keep -watch over his wife. Gobain displayed the greatest loyalty. At one -time the comtesse took the servant's name. [Honorine.] - -GOBENHEIM, brother-in-law of Francois and Adolphe Keller, whose name -he added to his own. About 1819 in Paris he was at first made receiver -in the Cesar Birotteau bankruptcy, but was later replaced by Camusot. -[Cesar Birotteau.] Under Louis Philippe, Gobenheim, as broker for the -Paris prosecuting office, invested the very considerable savings of -Mme. Fabien du Ronceret. [Beatrix.] - -GOBENHEIM, nephew of Gobenheim-Keller of Paris; young banker of Havre -in 1829; visited the Mignons, but not as a suitor for the heiress' -hand. [Modeste Mignon.] - -GOBET (Madame), in 1829 at Havre made shoes for Mme. and Mlle. Mignon. -Was scolded by the latter for lack of style. [Modeste Mignon.] - -GOBSECK (Jean-Esther Van), usurer, born in 1740 at Antwerp of a Jewess -and a Dutchman. Began as a cabin-boy. Was only ten years of age when -his mother sent him off to the Dutch possessions in India. There and -in America he met distinguished people, also several corsairs; -traveled all over the world and tried many trades. The passion for -money took entire hold of him. Finally he came to Paris which became -the centre of his operations, and established himself on rue des Gres. -There Gobseck, like a spider in his web, crushed the pride of Maxime -de Trailles and brought tears to the eyes of Mme. de Restaud and -Jean-Joachim Goriot--1819. About this same time Ferdinand du Tillet -sought out the money-lender to make some deals with him, and spoke of -him as "Gobseck the Great, master of Palma, Gigonnet, Werbrust, Keller -and Nucingen." Gobseck went every evening to the Themis cafe to play -dominoes with his friend Bidault-Gigonnet. In December, 1824, he was -found there by Elisabeth Baudoyer, whom he promised to aid; indeed, -supported by Mitral, he was able to influence Lupeaulx to put in -Isidore Baudoyer as chief of division succeeding La Billardiere. In -1830, Gobseck, then an octogenarian, died in his wretched hole on rue -des Gres though he was enormously wealthy. Derville received his last -wishes. He had obtained a wife for the lawyer and entrusted him with -several confidences. Fifteen years after the Dutchman's death, he was -spoken of on the boulevard as the "Last of the Romans"--among the -old-fashioned money-lenders like Gigonnet, Chaboisseau, and Samanon, -against whom Lora and Bixiou set the modern Vauvinet. [Gobseck. Father -Goriot. Cesar Birotteau. The Government Clerks. The Unconscious -Humorists.] - -GOBSECK (Sarah Van), called "La Belle Hollandaise." A peculiarity of -this family--as well as the Maranas--that the female side always kept -the family name. Thus Sarah Van Gobseck was the grand-niece of -Jean-Esther Van Gobseck. This prostitute, mother of Esther, who was also -a courtesan, was a typical daughter of Paris. She caused the bankruptcy -of Roguin, Birotteau's attorney, and was herself ruined by Maxime de -Trailles whom she adored and maintained when he was a page to -Napoleon. She died in a house on Palais-Royal, the victim of a love-mad -captain, December, 1818. The affair created a stir. Juan and Francis -Diard had something to say about it. Esther's name lived after her. -The Paris of the boulevards from 1824 to 1839 often mentioned her -prodigal and stormy career. [Gobseck. Cesar Birotteau. The Maranas. -Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Member for Arcis.] - -GOBSECK (Esther Van), born in 1805 of Jewish origin; daughter of the -preceding and great-grand-niece of Jean. For a long time in Paris she -followed her mother's calling, and having begun it early in life she -knew its varied phases. Was nick-named "La Torpille." Was for some -time one of the "rats" of the Royal Academy of Music, and numbered -among her protectors, Lupeaulx. In 1823 her reduced circumstances -almost forced her to leave Paris for Issoudun, where, for a -machiavellian purpose, Philippe Bridau would have made her the -mistress of Jean-Jacques Rouget. The affair did not materialize. She -went to Mme. Meynardie's house where she remained till about the end -of 1823. One evening, while passing the Porte-Saint-Martin theatre, -she chanced to meet Lucien de Rubempre, and they loved each other at -first sight. Their passion led into many vicissitudes. The poet and -the ex-prostitute were rash enough to attend an Opera ball together in -the winter of 1824. Unmasked and insulted Esther fled to rue de -Langlade, where she lived in dire poverty. The dangerous, powerful and -mysterious protector of Rubempre, Jacques Collin, followed her there, -lectured her and shaped her future life, making her a Catholic, -educating her carefully and finally installing her with Lucien on rue -Taitbout, under the surveillance of Jacqueline Collin, Paccard and -Prudence Servien. She could go out only at night. Nevertheless, the -Baron de Nucingen discovered her and fell madly in love with her. -Jacques Collin profited by the episode; Esther received the banker's -attentions, to the enrichment of Lucien. In 1830 she owned a house on -rue Saint-Georges which had belonged previously to several celebrated -courtesans; there she received Mme. du Val-Noble, Tullia and -Florentine--two dancers, Fanny Beaupre and Florine--two actresses. Her -new position resulted in police intervention on the part of Louchard, -Contenson, Peyrade and Corentin. On May 13, 1830, unable longer to -endure Nucingen, La Torpille swallowed a Javanese poison. She died -without knowing that she had fallen heir to seven millions left by her -great-grand-uncle. [Gobseck. The Firm of Nucingen. A Bachelor's -Establishment. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -GODAIN, born in 1796, in Burgundy, near Soulanges, Blangy and -Ville-aux-Fayes; nephew of one of the masons who built Mme. Soudry's -house. A shiftless farm laborer, exempt from military duty on account -of smallness of stature; was at first the lover, then the husband, of -Catherine Tonsard, whom he married about 1823. [The Peasantry.] - -GODAIN (Madame Catherine), the eldest of the legitimate daughters of -Tonsard, landlord of the Grand-I-Vert, situated between Conches and -Ville-aux-Fayes in Burgundy. Of coarse beauty and by nature depraved; -a hanger-on at the Tivoli-Socquard, and a devoted sister to Nicolas -Tonsard for whom she tried to obtain Genevieve Niseron. Courted by -Charles, valet at Aigues. Feared by Amaury Lupin. Married Godain one -of her lovers, giving a dowry of a thousand francs cunningly obtained -from Mme. Montcornet. [The Peasantry.] - -GODARD (Joseph), born in 1798, probably at Paris; related slightly to -the Baudoyers through Mitral. Stunted and puny; fifer in the National -Guard; "crank" collector of curios; a virtuous bachelor living with -his sister, a florist on rue Richelieu. Between 1824 and 1825 a -possible assistant in the Department of Finance in the bureau managed -by Isidore Baudoyer, whose son-in-law he dreamed of becoming. An easy -mark for Bixiou's practical jokes. With Dutocq he was an unwavering -adherent of the Baudoyers and their relatives the Saillards. [The -Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] - -GODARD (Mademoiselle), sister of the foregoing, and lived on rue -Richelieu, Pais, where in 1824 she ran a florist's shop. Mlle. Godard -employed Zelie Lorain who became later the wife of Minard. She -received him and Dutocq. [The Government Clerks.] - -GODARD (Manon), serving-woman of Mme. de la Chanterie; arrested in -1809, between Alencon and Mortagne, implicated in the Chauffeurs trial -which ended in the capital punishment of Mme. des Tours-Minieres, -daughter of Mme. de la Chanterie. Manon Godard was sentenced by -default to twenty-two years imprisonment, and gave herself up in order -not to abandon her mistress. A long time after the baroness was set -free, time of Louis Philippe, Manon was still living with her, on rue -Chanoinesse, in the house which sheltered Alain, Montauran and -Godefroid. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -GODDET, retired surgeon-major of the Third regiment of the line; the -leading physician of Issoudun in 1823. His son was one of the "Knights -of Idlesse." Goddet junior pretended to pay court to Mme. Fichet, in -order to reach her daughter who had the best dowry in Issoudun. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] - -GODEFROID, known by his given name; born about 1806, probably at -Paris; son of a wealthy merchant; educated at the Liautard -Institution; naturally feeble, morally and physically; tried his hand -at and made a failure of: law, governmental work, letters, pleasure, -journalism, politics and marriage. At the close of 1836 he found -himself poor and forsaken; thereupon he tried to pay his debts and -live economically. He left Chaussee-d'Antin and took up his abode on -rue Chanoinesse, where he became one of Mme. de la Chanteries' -boarders, known as the "Brotherhood of the Consolation." The -recommendation of the Monegods, bankers, led to his admission. Abbe de -Veze, Montauran, Tresnes, Alain, and above all the baroness initiated -him, coached him, and entrusted to him various charitable missions. -Among others, about the middle of the reign of Louis Philippe, he took -charge of and relieved the frightful poverty of the Bourlacs and the -Mergis, the head of which as an imperial judge in 1809 had sentenced -Mme. de la Chanterie and her daughter. After he succeeded with this -generous undertaking, Godefroid was admitted to the Brotherhood. [The -Seamy Side of History.] - -GODENARS (Abbe de), born about 1795; one of the vicars-general of the -archbishop of Besancon between 1830 and 1840. From 1835 on he tried to -get a bishopric. One evening he was present at the aristocratic salon -of the Wattevilles, at the time of the sudden flight of Albert -Savarus, caused by their young daughter. [Albert Savarus.] - -GODESCHAL (Francois-Claude-Marie), born about 1804. In 1818, at Paris, -he was third clerk in the law office of Derville, rue Vivienne, when -the unfortunate Chabert appeared upon the scene. [Colonel Chabert.] In -1820, then an orphan and poor, he and his sister, the dancer Mariette, -to whom he was devoted, lived on an eighth floor on rue -Vielle-du-Temple. He had already given evidence of a practical -temperament, independent and self-seeking, but upright and capable of -generous outbursts. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] In 1822, having -risen to second clerk, he left Maitre Derville to become head-clerk in -Desroches' office, who was greatly pleased with him. Godeschal even -undertook to reform Oscar Husson. [A Start in Life.] Six years later, -while still Desroches' head-clerk, he drew up a petition wherein Mme. -d'Espard prayed a guardian for her husband. [The Commission in -Lunacy.] Under Louis Philippe he became one of the advocates of Paris -and paid half his fees--1840--proposing to pay the other half with the -dowry of Celeste Colleville, whose hand was refused him, despite the -recommendation of Cardot the notary. Was engaged for Peyrade, in the -purchase of a house near the Madeleine. [The Middle Classes.] About -1845 Godeschal was still practicing, and numbered among his clients -the Camusots de Marville. [Cousin Pons.] - -GODESCHAL (Marie), born about 1804. She maintained, almost all her -life, the nearest and most tender relations with her brother Godeschal -the notary. Without relatives or means, she kept house with him in -1820, on the eighth floor of a house on rue Vielle-du-Temple, Paris. -Ambition and love for her brother caused her to become a dancer. She -had studied her profession from her tenth year. The famous Vestris -instructed her and predicted great things for her. Under the name of -Mariette, she was engaged at the Porte-Saint-Martin and the Royal -Academy of Music. Her success displeased the famous Begrand. In -January, 1821, her angelic beauty, maintained despite her profession, -opened to her the doors of the Opera. Then she had lovers. The -aristocratic and elegant Maufrigneuse protected her for several years. -Mariette also favored Philippe Bridau and was the innocent cause of a -theft committed by him in order to enable him to contend with -Maufrigneuse. Four months later she went to London, where she won the -rich members of the House of Lords, and returned as premiere to the -Academy of Music. She was intimate with Florentine Cabirolle, who -often received in the Marais. There it was that Mariette kept Oscar -Husson out of serious trouble. Mariette attended many festivities. And -at the close of the reign of Louis Philippe, she was still a leading -figure in the Opera. [A Bachelor's Establishment. A Start in Life. -Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Cousin Pons.] - -GODIN, under Louis Philippe, a Parisian bourgeois engaged in a lively -dispute with a friend of La Palferine's. [A Prince of Bohemia.] - -GODIN (La), peasant woman of Conches, Burgundy, about 1823, whose cow -Vermichel threatened to seize for the Comte de Montcornet. [The -Peasantry.] - -GODIVET, recorder of registry of Arcis-sur-Aube in 1839. Through the -scheming of Pigoult he was chosen as one of two agents for an -electoral meeting called by Simon Giguet, one of the candidates, and -presided over by Phileas Beauvisage. [The Member for Arcis.] - -GODOLLO (Comtesse Torna de), probably a Hungarian; police spy -reporting to Corentin. Was ordered to prevent the marriage of Theodose -de la Peyrade and Celeste Colleville. To accomplish this she went to -live in the Thuilliers' house, Paris, in 1840, cultivated them and -finally ruled them. She sometimes assumed the name of Mme. Komorn. Her -wit and beauty exercised a passing effect upon Peyrade. [The Middle -Classes.] - -GOGUELAT, infantryman of the first Empire, entered the Guard in 1812; -was decorated by Napoleon on the battlefield of Valontina; returned -during the Restoration to the village of Isere, of which Benassis was -mayor, and became postman. [The Country Doctor.] - -GOHIER, goldsmith to the King of France in 1824; supplied Elisabeth -Baudoyer with the monstrance with which she decorated the church of -Saint Paul, in order to bring about Isidore Baudoyer's promotion in -office. [The Government Clerks.] - -GOMEZ, captain of the "Saint Ferdinand," a Spanish brig which in 1833 -conveyed the newly-enriched Marquis d'Aiglemont from America to -France. Gomez was boarded by a Columbian corsair whose captain, the -Parisian, ordered him cast overboard. [A Woman of Thirty.] - -GONDRAND (Abbe), confessor, under the Restoration, at Paris, of the -Duchesse Antoinette de Langeais, whose excellent dinners and petty -sins he dealt with at his ease in her salon where Montriveau often -found him. [The Thirteen.] - -GONDREVILLE (Malin, his real name; more frequently known as the Comte -de), born in 1763, probably at Arcis-sur-Aube. Short and stout; -grandson of a mason employed by Marquis de Simeuse in the building of -the Gondreville chateau; only son of the owner of a house at Arcis -where dwelt his friend Grevin in 1839. On the recommendation of -Danton, he entered the office of the attorney at the chatelet, Paris, -in 1787. Head clerk for Maitre Bordin in the same city, the same year. -Returned to the country two years later to become a lawyer at Troyes. -Became an obscure and cowardly member of the Convention. Acquired the -friendship of Talleyrand and Fouche, in June, 1800, under singular and -opportune circumstances. Successively and rapidly became tribune, -councillor of state, count of the Empire--created Comte de Gondreville ---and finally senator. As councillor of state, Gondreville devoted his -attention to the preparation of the code. He cut a dash at Paris. He -had purchased one of the finest mansions in Faubourg Saint-Germain and -married the only daughter of Sibuelle, a wealthy contractor of "shady" -character whom Gondreville made co-receiver of Aube, with Marion. The -marriage was celebrated during the Directory or the Consulate. Three -children were the result of this union: Charles de Gondreville, -Marechale de Carigliano, Mme. Francois Keller. In his own interest, -Malin attached himself to Bonaparte. Later, in the presence of the -Emperor and of Dubois, the prefect of police, Gondreville selfishly -simulated a false generosity and asked that the Hauteserres and -Simeuses be striken from the list of the proscribed. Afterwards they -were falsely accused of kidnapping him. As senator in 1809, Malin gave -a grand ball at Paris, when he vainly awaited the Emperor's -appearance, and when Mme. de Lansac reconciled the Soulanges family. -Louis XVIII. made him a peer of France. His wide experience and -ownership of many secrets aided Gondreville, whose counsels hindered -Decazes and helped Villele. Charles X. disliked him because he -remained too intimate with Talleyrand. Under Louis Philippe this bond -was relaxed. The July monarchy heaped honors upon him by making him -peer once more. One evening in 1833 he met at the home of the -Princesse de Cadignan, Henri de Marsay, the prime minister, who had an -inexhaustible fund of political stories, new to all the company save -Gondreville. He was much engrossed with the elections of 1839, and -gave his influence to his grandson, Charles Keller, for Arcis. He -concerned himself little with the candidates, who were finally -elected; Dorlange-Sallenauve, Phileas Beauvisage, Trailles and Giguet. -[The Gondreville Mystery. A Start in Life. Domestic Peace. The Member -for Arcis.] - -GONDREVILLE (Comtesse Malin de), born Sibuelle; wife of foregoing; -person whose complete insignificance was manifest at the great ball -given in Paris by the count in 1809. [Domestic Peace.] - -GONDREVILLE (Charles de), son of the preceding, and sub-lieutenant of -dragoons in 1818. Young and wealthy, he died in the Spanish campaign -of 1823. His death caused great sorrow to his mistress, Mme. -Colleville. [The Middle Classes.] - -GONDRIN, born in 1774, in the department of Isere. Conscripted in 1792 -and put in the artillery. Was in the Italian and Egyptian campaigns -under Bonaparte, as a private, and returned east after the Peace of -Amiens. Enrolled, during the Empire, in the pontoon corps of the -Guard, he marched through Germany and Russia; was in the battle at -Beresina aiding to build the bridge by which the remnant of the army -escaped; with forty-one comrades, received the praise of General Eble -who singled him out particularly. Returned to Wilna, as the only -survivor of the corps after the death of Eble and in the beginning of -the Restoration. Unable to read or write, deaf and decrepit, Gondrin -forlornly left Paris which had treated him inhospitably, and returned -to the village in Dauphine, where the mayor, Dr. Benassis, gave him -work as a ditcher and continued to aid him in 1829. [The Country -Doctor.] - -GONDRIN (Abbe), young Parisian priest about the middle of the reign of -Louis Philippe. Exquisite and eloquent. Knew the Thuilliers. [The -Middle Classes.] - -GONDUREAU, assumed name of Bibi-Lupin. - -GONORE (La), widow of Moses the Jew, chief of the southern _rouleurs_, -in May, 1830; mistress of Dannepont the thief and assassin; ran a -house of ill-repute on rue Sainte-Barbe for Mme. Nourrisson. [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life.] - -GORDES (Mademoiselle de), at the head of an aristocratic salon of -Alencon, about 1816, while her father, the aged Marquis de Gordes, was -still living with her. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -GORENFLOT, mason of Vendome, who walled up the closet concealing Mme. -de Merret's lover, the Spaniard Bagos de Feredia. [La Grande -Breteche.] - -GORENFLOT, probably posed for Quasimodo of Hugo's "Notre-Dame." -Decrepit, misshapen, deaf, diminutive, he lived in Paris about 1839, -and was organ-blower and bell-ringer in the church of Saint-Louis en -l'Ile. He also acted as messenger in the confidential financial -correspondence between Bricheteau and Dorlange-Sallenauve. [The Member -for Arcis.] - -GORIOT,* (Jean-Joachim), born about 1750; started as a porter in the -grain market. During the first Revolution, although he had received no -education, but having a trader's instinct, he began the manufacture of -vermicelli and made a fortune out of it. Thrift and fortune favored -him under the Terror. He passed for a bold citizen and fierce patriot. -Prosperity enabled him to marry from choice the only daughter of a -wealthy farmer of Brie, who died young and adored. Upon their two -children, Anastasie and Delphine, he lavished all the tenderness of -which their mother had been the recipient, spoiling them with fine -things. Goriot's griefs date from the day he set each up in -housekeeping in magnificent fashion on Chaussee-d'Antin. Far from -being grateful for his pecuniary sacrifices, his sons-in-law, Restaud -and Nucingen, and his daughters themselves, were ashamed of his -bourgeois exterior. In 1813 he had retired saddened and impoverished -to the Vauquer boarding-house on rue Nueve-Sainte-Genevieve. The -quarrels of his daughters and the greedy demands for money increased -and in 1819 followed him thither. Almost all the guests of the house -and especially Mme. Vauquer herself--whose ambitious designs upon him -had come to naught--united in persecuting Goriot, now well-nigh -poverty-stricken. He found an agreeable respite when he acted as a -go-between for the illicit love affair of Mme. de Nucingen and -Rastignac, his fellow-lodger. The financial distress of Mme. de Restaud, -Trailles' victim, gave Goriot the finishing blow. He was compelled to -give up the final and most precious bit of his silver plate, and beg -the assistance of Gobseck the usurer. He was crushed. A serious attack -of apoplexy carried him off. He died on rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve. -Rastignac watched over him, and Bianchon, then an interne, attended -him. Only two men, Christophe, Mme. Vauquer's servant, and Rastignac, -followed the remains to Saint-Etienne du Mont and to Pere-Lachaise. -The empty carriages of his daughters followed as far as the cemetery. -[Father Goriot.] - -* Two Parisian theatres and five authors have depicted Goriot's life - on the stage; March 6, 1835, at the Vaudeville, Ancelot and Paul - Dupont; the same year, the month following, at the Varietes, - Theaulon, Alexis de Comberousse and Jaime Pere. Also the _Boeuf - Gras_ of a carnival in a succeeding year bore the name of Goriot. - -GORITZA (Princesse), a charming Hungarian, celebrated for her beauty, -towards the end of Louis XV.'s reign, and to whom the youthful -Chevalier de Valois became so attached that he came near fighting on -her account with M. de Lauzun; nor could he ever speak of her without -emotion. From 1816 to 1830, the Alencon aristocracy were given -glimpses of the princess's portrait, which adorned the chevalier's -gold snuff-box. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -GORJU (Madame), wife of the mayor of Sancerre, in 1836, and mother of -a daughter "whose figure threatened to change with her first child," -and who sometimes came with her to the receptions of Mme. de la -Baudraye, the "Muse of the Department." One evening, in the fall of -1836, she heard Lousteau reading ironically fragments of "Olympia." -[The Muse of the Department.] - -GOTHARD, born in 1788; lived about 1803 in Arcis-sur-Aube, where his -courage and address obtained for him the place of groom to Laurence de -Cinq-Cygne. Devoted servant of the countess; he was one of the -principals acquitted in the trial which ended with the execution of -Michu. [The Gondreville Mystery.] Gothard never left the service of -the Cinq-Cygne family. Thirty-six years later he was their steward. -With his brother-in-law, Poupard, the Arcis tavern-keeper, he -electioneered for his masters. [The Member for Arcis.] - -GOUJET (Abbe), cure of Cinq-Cygne, Aube, about 1792, discovered for -the son of Beauvisage the farmer, who were still good Catholics, the -Greek name of Phileas, one of the few saints not abolished by the new -regime. [The Member for Arcis.] Former abbe of the Minimes, and a -friend of Hauteserre. Was the tutor of Adrien and Robert Hauteserre; -enjoyed a game of boston with their parents--1803. His political -prudence sometimes led him to censure the audacity of their kinswoman, -Mlle. de Cinq-Cygne. Nevertheless, he held his own with the persecutor -of the house, Corentin the police-agent; and attended Michu when that -victim of a remarkable trial, known as "the abduction of Gondreville," -went to the scaffold. During the Restoration he became Bishop of -Troyes. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -GOUJET (Mademoiselle), sister of the foregoing; good-natured old maid, -ugly and parsimonious, who lived with her brother. Almost every -evening she played boston at the Hauteserres and was terrified by -Corentin's visits. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -GOULARD, mayor of Cinq-Cygne, Aube, in 1803. Tall, stout and miserly; -married a wealthy tradeswoman of Troyes, whose property, augmented by -all the lands of the rich abbey of Valdes-Preux, adjoined Cinq-Cygne. -Goulard lived in the old abbey, which was very near the chateau of -Cinq-Cygne. Despite his revolutionary proclivities, he closed his eyes -to the actions of the Hauteserres and Simeuses who were Royalist -plotters. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -GOULARD (Antonin), native of Arcis, like Simon Giguet. Born about -1807; son of the former huntsman of the Simeuse family, enriched by -the purchase of public lands. (See preceding biography.) Early left -motherless, he came to Arcis to live with his father, who abandoned -the abbey of Valpreux. Went to the Imperial lyceum, where he had Simon -Giguet for school-mate, whom he afterwards met again on the benches of -the Law school at Paris. Obtained, through Gondreville, the Cross of -the Legion of Honor. The royal government of 1830 opened up for him a -career in the public service. In 1839 he became sub-prefect for -Arcis-sur-Aube, during the electoral period. The delegate, Trailles, -satisfied Antonin's rancor against Giguet: his official -recommendations caused the latter's defeat. Both the would-be prefect -and the sub-prefect vainly sought the hand of Cecile Beauvisage. -Goulard cultivated the society of officialdom: Marest, Vinet, -Martener, Michu. [The Member for Arcis.] - -GOUNOD, nephew of Vatel, keeper of the Montcornet estate at Aigues, -Burgundy. About 1823 he probably became assistant to the head-keeper, -Michaud. [The Peasantry.] - -GOUPIL (Jean-Sebastien-Marie), born in 1802; a sort of humpless -hunchback; son of a well-to-do farmer. After running through with -his inheritance, in Paris, he became head-clerk of the notary -Cremiere-Dionis, of Nemours--1829. On account of Francois -Minoret-Levrault, he annoyed in many ways, even anonymously, Ursule -Mirouet, after the death of Dr. Minoret. Afterwards he repented his -actions, repaid their instigator, and succeeded the notary, -Cremiere-Dionis. Thanks to his wit, he became honorable, -straightforward and completely transformed. Once established, Goupil -married Mlle. Massin, eldest daughter of Massin-Levrault junior, -clerk to the justice of the peace at Nemours. She was homely, had a -dowry of 80,000 francs, and gave him rickety, dropsical children. -Goupil took part in the "three glorious days" and had obtained a July -decoration. He was very proud of the ribbon. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -GOURAUD (General, Baron), born in 1782, probably at Provins. Under the -Empire he commanded the Second regiment of hussars, which gave him his -rank. The Restoration caused his impoverished years at Provins. He -mixed in politics and the opposition there, sought the hand and above -all the dowry of Sylvie Rogron, persecuted the apparent heiress of the -old maid, Mlle. Pierrette Lorrain--1827--and, seconded by Vinet the -attorney, reaped in July, 1830, the fruits of his cunning liberalism. -Thanks to Vinet, the ambitious parvenu, Gouraud married, in spite of -his gray hair and stout frame, a girl of twenty-five, Mlle. Matifat, -of the well-known drug-firm of rue des Lombards, who brought with her -fifty thousand crowns. Titles, offices and emoluments now flowed in -rapidly. He resumed the service, became general, commanded a division -near the capital and obtained a peerage. His conduct during the -ministry of Casimir Perier was thus rewarded. Futhermore he received -the grand ribbon of the Legion of Honor, after having stormed the -barricades of Saint-Merri, and was "delighted to thrash the bourgeois -who had been an eye-sore to him" for fifteen years. [Pierrette.] About -1845 he had stock in Gaudissart's theatre. [Cousin Pons.] - -GOURDON, the elder, husband of the only daugher of the old -head-keeper of streams and forests, Gendrin-Wattebled; was in 1823 -physician at Soulanges and attended Michaud. Nevertheless he went -among the best people of Soulanges, headed by Mme. Soudry, who -regarded him in the light of an unknown and neglected savant, when he -was but a parrot of Buffon and Cuvier, a simple collector and -taxidermist. [The Peasantry.] - -GOURDON, the younger, brother of the preceding; wrote the poem of "La -Bilboqueide" published by Bournier. Married the niece and only heiress -of Abbe Tupin, cure of Soulanges, where he himself had been in 1823 -clerk for Sarcus. He was wealthier than the justice. Mme. Soudry and -her set gave admiring welcome to the poet, preferring him to -Lamartine, with whose works they slowly became acquainted. [The -Peasantry.] - -GOUSSARD (Laurent) was a member of the revolutionary municipality of -Arcis-sur-Aube. Particular friend of Danton, he made use of the -tribune's influence to save the head of the ex-superior of the -Ursulines at Arcis, Mother Marie des Anges, whose gratitude for his -generous and skillful action caused substantial enrichment to this -purchaser of the grounds of the convent, which was sold as "public -land." Thus it was that forty years afterwards this adroit Liberal -owned several mills on the river Aube, and was still at the head of -the advanced Left in that district. The various candidates for deputy -in the spring of 1839, Keller, Giguet, Beauvisage, Dorlange-Sallenauve, -and the government agent, Trailles, treated Goussard with the -consideration he deserved. [The Member for Arcis.] - -GRADOS had in his hands the notes of Vergniaud the herder. By means of -funds from Derville the lawyer, Grados was paid in 1818 by Colonel -Chabert. [Colonel Chabert.] - -GRAFF (Johann), brother of a tailor established in Paris under Louis -Philippe. Came himself to Paris after having been head-waiter in the -hotel of Gedeon Brunner at Frankfort; and ran the Hotel du Rhin in rue -du Mail where Frederic Brunner and Wilhelm Schwab alighted penniless -in 1835. The landlord obtained small positions for the two young men; -for the former with Keller; for the latter with his brother the -tailor. [Cousin Pons.] - -GRAFF (Wolfgang), brother of the foregoing, and rich tailor of Paris, -at whose shop in 1838 Lisbeth Fischer fitted out Wenceslas Steinbock. -On his brother's recommendation, he employed Wilhelm Schwab, and, six -years later, took him into the family by giving him Emilie Graff in -marriage. [Cousin Betty. Cousin Pons.] - -GRANCEY (Abbe de), born in 1764. Took orders because of a -disapointment in love; became priest in 1786, and cure in 1788. A -distinguished prelate who refused three bishoprics in order not to -leave Besancon. In 1834 he became vicar-general of that diocese. The -abbe had a handsome head. He gave free vent to cutting speeches. Was -acquainted with Albert Savarus whom he liked and aided. A frequenter -of the Watteville salon he found out and rebuked Rosalie, the singular -and determined enemy of the advocate. He also intervened between -Madame and Mademoiselle de Watteville. He died at the end of the -winter of 1836-37. [Albert Savarus.] - -GRANCOUR (Abbe de), one of the vicars-general of the bishopric of -Limoges, about the end of the Restoration; and the physical antithesis -of the other vicar, the attenuated and moody Abbe Dutheil whose lofty -and independent liberal doctrines he, with cowardly caution, secretly -shared. Grancour frequented the Graslin salon and doubtless knew of -the Tascheron tragedy. [The Country Parson.] - -GRANDEMAIN was in 1822 at Paris clerk for Desroches. [A Start in -Life.] - -GRANDET (Felix), of Saumur, born between 1745 and 1749. Well-to-do -master-cooper, passably educated. In the first years of the Republic -he married the daughter of a rich lumber merchant, by whom he had in -1796 one child, Eugenie. With their united capital, he bought at a -bargain the best vineyards about Saumur, in addition to an old abbey -and several farms. Under the Consulate he became successively member -of the district government and mayor of Saumur. But the Empire, which -supposed him to be a Jacobin, retired him from the latter office, -although he was the town's largest tax-payer. Under the Restoration -the despotism of his extraordinary avarice disturbed the peace of his -family. His younger brother, Guillaume, failed and killed himself, -leaving in Felix's hands the settlement of his affairs, and sending to -him his son Charles, who had hastened to Saumur, not knowing his -father's ruin. Eugenie loved her cousin and combated her father's -niggardliness, which looked after his own interests to the neglect of -his brother. The struggle between Eugenie and her father broke Mme. -Grandet's heart. The phases of the terrible duel were violent and -numerous. Felix Grandet's passion resorted to stratagem and stubborn -force. Death alone could settle with this domestic tyrant. In 1827, an -octogenarian and worth seventeen millions, he was carried off by a -stroke of paralysis. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -GRANDET (Madame Felix), wife of the preceding; born about 1770; -daughter of a rich lumber merchant, M. de la Gaudiniere; married in -the beginning of the Republic, and gave birth to one child, Eugenie, -in 1796. In 1806 she added considerably to the combined wealth of the -family through two large inheritances--from her mother and M. de la -Bertelliere, her maternal grandfather. A devout, shrinking, -insignificant creature, bowed beneath the domestic yoke, Mme. Grandet -never left Saumur, where she died in October, 1822, of lung trouble, -aggravated by grief at her daughter's rebellion and her husband's -severity. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -GRANDET (Victor-Ange-Guillaume), younger brother of Felix Grandet; -became rich at Paris in wine-dealing. In 1815 before the battle of -Waterloo, Frederic de Nucingen bought of him one hundred and fifty -thousand bottles of champagne at thirty sous, and sold them at six -francs; the allies drank them during the invasion--1817-19. [The Firm -of Nucingen.] The beginning of the Restoration favored Guillaume. He -was the husband of a charming woman, the natural daughter of a great -lord, who died young after giving him a child. Was colonel of the -National Guard, judge of the Court of Commerce, governor of one of the -arrondissements of Paris and deputy. Saumur accused him of aspiring -still higher and wishing to become the father-in-law of a petty -duchess of the imperial court. The bankruptcy of Maitre Roguin was the -partial cause of the ruin of Guillaume, who blew out his brains to -avoid disgrace, in November, 1819. In his last requests, Guillaume -implored his elder brother to care for Charles whom the suicide had -rendered doubly an orphan. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -GRANDET, (Charles), only lawful child of the foregoing; nephew of -Felix Grandet; born in 1797. He led at first the gay life of a young -gallant, and maintained relations with a certain Annette, a married -woman of good society. The tragic death of his father in November, -1819, astounded him and led him to Saumur. He thought himself in love -with his cousin Eugenie to whom he swore fidelity. Shortly thereafter -he left for India, where he took the name of Carl Sepherd to escape -the consequences of treasonable actions. He returned to France in 1827 -enormously wealthy, debarked at Bordeaux in June of that year, -accompanying the Aubrions whose daughter Mathilde he married, and -allowed Eugenie Grandet to complete the settlement with the creditors -of his father. [Eugenie Grandet.] By his marriage he became Comte -d'Aubrion. [The Firm of Nucingen.] - -GRANDET (Eugenie).* (See Bonfons, Eugenie Cruchot de.) - -* The incidents of her life have been dramatized by Bayard for the - Gymnase-Dramatique, under the title of "The Miser's Daughter." - -GRANDLIEU (Comtesse de), related to the Herouvilles; lived in the -first part of the seventeenth century; probably ancestress of the -Grandlieus, well known in France two centuries later. [The Hated Son.] - -GRANDLIEU (Mademoiselle), under the first Empire married an imperial -chamberlain, perhaps also the prefect of Orne, and was received, -alone, in Alencon among the exclusive and aristocratic set lorded over -by the Esgrignons. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -GRANDLIEU (Duc Ferdinand de), born about 1773; may have descended from -the Comtesse de Grandlieu who lived early in the seventeenth century, -and consequently connected with the old and worthy nobility of the -Duchy of Brittany whose device was "Caveo non timeo." At the end of -the eighteenth and the first half of the nineteenth centuries, -Ferdinand de Grandlieu was the head of the elder branch, wealthy and -ducal, of the house of Grandlieu. Under the Consulate and the Empire -his high and assured rank enabled him to intercede with Talleyrand in -behalf of M. d'Hauteserre and M. de Simeuse, compromised in the -fictitious abduction of Malin de Gondreville. Grandlieu by his -marriage with an Ajuda of the elder branch, connected with the -Barganzas and of Portuguese descent, had several daughters, the eldest -of whom assumed the veil in 1822. His other daughters were -Clotilde-Frederique, born in 1802; Josephine the third; Sabine born in -1809; Marie-Athenais, born about 1820. An uncle by marriage of Mme. de -Langeais, he had at Paris, in Faubourg Saint-Germain, a hotel where, -during the reign of Louis XVIII., the Princesse de Blamont-Chauvry, -the Vidame de Pamiers and the Duc de Navarreins assembled to consider -a startling escapade of Antoinette de Langeais. At least ten years -later Grandlieu availed himself of his intimate friend Henri de -Chaulieu and also of Corentin--Saint-Denis--in order to stay the suit -against Lucien de Rubempre which was about to compromise his daughter -Clotilde-Frederique. [The Gondreville Mystery. The Thirteen. A -Bachelor's Establishment. Modeste Mignon. Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] - -GRANDLIEU (Duchesse Ferdinand de), of Portuguese descent, born Ajuda -and of the elder branch of that house connected with the Braganzas. -Wife of Ferdinand de Grandlieu, and mother of several daughters. Of -sedentary habits, proud, pious, good-hearted and beautiful, she -wielded in Paris during the Restoration a sort of supremacy over the -Faubourg Saint-Germain. The second and the next to the youngest of her -children gave her much anxiety. Combating the hostility of those about -her she welcomed Rubempre, the suitor of her daughter -Clotilde-Frederique--1829-30. The unfortunate results of the marriage -of her other daughter Sabine, Baronne Calyste du Guenic, occupied Mme. -de Grandlieu's attention in 1837, and she succeeded in reconciling the -young couple, with the assistance of Abbe Brossette, Maxime de -Trailles, and La Palferine. Her religious scruples had made her halt a -moment; but they fell like her political fidelity, and, with Mmes. -d'Espard, de Listomere and des Touches, she tacitly recognized the -bourgeois royalty, a few years after a new reign began, and re-opened -the doors of her salon. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Beatrix. A -Daughter of Eve.] - -GRANDLIEU (Mademoiselle de), eldest daughter of the Duc and Duchesse -de Grandlieu, took the veil in 1822. [A Bachelor's Establishment. -Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -GRANDLIEU (Clotilde-Frederique de), born in 1802; second daughter of -the Duc and Duchesse de Grandlieu; a long, flat creature, the -caricature of her mother. She had no consent save that of her mother -when she fell in love with and wished to marry the ambitious Lucien de -Rubempre in the spring of 1830. She saw him for the last time on the -road to Italy in the forest of Fontainbleu near Bouron and under very -painful circumstances the young man was arrested before her very eyes. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -GRANDLIEU (Josephine de). (See Ajuda-Pinto, Marquise Miguel d'.) - -GRANDLIEU (Sabine de). (See Guenic, Baronne Calyste du.) - -GRANDLIEU (Marie-Athenais de). (See Grandlieu, Vicomtesse Juste de.) - -GRANDLIEU (Vicomtesse de), sister of Comte de Born; descended more -directly than the duke from the countess of the seventeenth century. -From 1813, the time of her husband's death, the head of the younger -Grandlieu house whose device was "Grands faits, grand lieu." Mother of -Camille and of Juste de Grandlieu, and the mother-in-law of Ernest de -Restaud. Returned to France with Louis XVIII. At first she lived on -royal bounty, but afterwards regained a considerable portion of her -property through the efforts of Maitre Derville, about the beginning -of the Restoration. She was very grateful to the lawyer, who also took -her part against the Legion of Honor, was admitted to her confidential -circle and told her the secrets of the Restaud household, one evening -in the winter of 1830 when Ernest de Restaud, son of the Comtesse -Anastasie, was paying court to Camille whom he finally married. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Colonel Chabert. Gobseck.] - -GRANDLIEU (Camille de). (See Restaud, Comtesse Ernest de.) - -GRANDLIEU (Vicomte Juste de), son of Vicomtesse de Grandlieu; brother -of Comtesse Ernest de Restaud; cousin and afterwards husband of -Marie-Athenais de Grandlieu, combining by this marriage the fortunes -of the two houses of Grandlieu and obtaining the title of duke. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Gobseck.] - -GRANDLIEU (Vicomtesse Juste de), born about 1820, Marie-Athenais de -Grandlieu; last daughter of Duc and Duchesse de Grandlieu; married to -her cousin, the Vicomte Juste de Grandlieu. She received at Paris in -the first days of the July government, a young married woman like -herself, Mme. Felix de Vandenesse, then in the midst of a flirtation -with Raoul Nathan. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Gobseck. A -Daughter of Eve.] - -GRANET, deputy-mayor of the second arrondissement of Paris, in 1818, -under La Billardiere. With his homely wife he was invited to the -Birotteau ball. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -GRANET, one of the leading men of Besancon, under Louis Philippe. In -gratitude for a favor done him by Albert Savarus he nominated the -latter for deputy. [Albert Savarus.] - -GRANSON (Madame), poor widow of a lieutenant-colonel of artillery -killed at Jena, by whom she had a son, Athanase. From 1816 she lived -at No. 8 rue du Bercail in Alencon, where the benevolence of a distant -relative, Mme. du Bousquier, put in her charge the treasury of a -maternal society against infanticide, and brought her into contact, -under peculiar circumstances, with the woman who afterwards became -Mme. Theodore Gaillard. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -GRANSON (Athanase), son of the preceding; born in 1793; subordinate in -the mayor's office at Alencon in charge of registry. A sort of poet, -liberal in politics and filled with ambition; weary of poverty and -overflowing with grandiose sentiments. In 1816 he loved, with a -passion that his commonsense combated, Mme. du Bousquier, then Mlle. -Cormon, his senior by more than seventeen years. In 1816 the marriage -dreaded by him took place. He could not brook the blow and drowned -himself in the Sarthe. He was mourned only by his mother and Suzanne -du Val-Noble. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] Nevertheless, eight -years after it was said of him: "The Athanase Gransons must die, -withered up, like the grains which fall on barren rock." [The -Government Clerks.] - -GRANVILLE (Comte de), had a defective civil status, the orthography of -the name varying frequently through the insertion of the letter "d" -between the "n" and "v." In 1805 at an advanced age he lived at -Bayeux, where he was probably born. His father was a president of the -Norman Parliament. At Bayeux the Comte married his son to the wealthy -Angelique Bontems. [A Second Home.] - -GRANVILLE (Vicomte de), son of Comte de Granville, and comte upon his -father's death; born about 1779; a magistrate through family -tradition. Under the guidance of Cambaceres he passed through all the -administrative and judicial grades. He studied with Maitre Bordin, -defended Michu in the trial resulting from the "Gondreville Mystery," -and learned officially and officiously of one of its results a short -time after his marriage with a young girl of Bayeux, a rich heiress -and the acquirer of extensive public lands. Paris was generally the -theatre for the brilliant career of Maitre Granville who, during the -Empire, left the Augustin quai where he had lived to take up his abode -with his wife on the ground-floor of a mansion in the Marais, between -rue Vielle-du-Temple and rue Nueve-Saint-Francois. He became -successively advocate-general at the court of the Seine, and president -of one of its chambers. At this time a domestic drama was being -enacted in his life. Hampered in his open and broad-minded nature by -the bigotry of Mme. de Granville, he sought domestic happiness outside -his home, though he already had a family of four children. He had met -Caroline Crochard on rue du Tourniquet-Saint-Jean. He installed her on -rue Taitbout and found in this relation, though it was of brief -duration, the happiness vainly sought in his proper home. Granville -screened this fleeting joy under the name of Roger. A daughter -Eugenie, and a son Charles, were born of this adulterous union which -was ended by the desertion of Mlle. Crochard and the misconduct of -Charles. Until the death of Mme. Crochard, the mother of Caroline, -Granville was able to keep up appearances before his wife. Thus it -happened that he accompanied her to the country, Seine-et-Oise, when -he assisted M. d'Albon and M. de Sucy. The remainder of Granville's -life, after his wife and his mistress left him, was passed in -comparative solitude in the society of intimate friends like Octave de -Bauvan and Serizy. Hard work and honors partially consoled him. His -request as attorney-general caused the reinstatement of Cesar -Birotteau, one of the tenants at No. 397 rue Saint-Honore. He and his -wife had been invited to the famous ball given by Birotteau more than -three years previously. As attorney-general of the Court of Cassation, -Granville secretly protected Rubempre during the poet's famous trial, -thus drawing upon himself the powerful affection of Jacques Collin, -counterbalanced by the enmity of Amelie Camusot. The Revolution of -July upheld Granville's high rank. He was peer of France under the new -regime, owning and occupying a small mansion on rue Saint-Lazare, or -traveling in Italy. At this time he was one of Dr. Bianchon's -patients. [The Gondreville Mystery. A Second Home. Farewell. Cesar -Birotteau. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. A Daughter of Eve. Cousin -Pons.] - -GRANVILLE (Comtesse Angelique de), wife of preceding, and daughter of -Bontems, a farmer and sort of Jacobin whom the Revolution enriched -through the purchase of evacuated property at low prices. She was born -at Bayeux in 1787, and received from her mother a very bigoted -education. At the beginning of the Empire she married the son of one -of the neighbors of the family, then Vicomte and later Comte de -Granville; and, under the influence of Abbe Fontanon, she maintained -at Paris the manners and customs of an extreme devotee. She thus -evoked the infidelity of her husband who had begun by simply -neglecting her. Of her four children she retained charge of the -education of her two daughters. She broke off entirely from her -husband when she discovered the existence of her rival, Mlle. de -Bellefeuille--Caroline Crochard--and returned to Bayeux to end her -days, remaining to the last the austere, stingy sanctified creature -who had formerly been scandalized by the openness of the affair of -Montriveau and Mme. de Langeais. She died in 1822. [A Second Home. The -Thirteen. A Daughter of Eve.] - -GRANVILLE (Vicomte de), elder son of the preceding. Was reared by his -father. In 1828 he was deputy-attorney at Limoges, where he afterwards -became advocate-general. He fell in love with Veronique Graslin, but -incurred her secret disfavor by his proceedings against the assassin -Tascheron. The vicomte had a career almost identical with that of his -father. In 1833 he was made first president at Orleans, and in 1844 -attorney-general. Later near Limoges he came suddenly upon a scene -which moved him deeply: the public confession of Veronique Graslin. -The vicomte had unknowingly been the executioner of the chatelaine of -Montegnac. [A Second Home. A Daughter of Eve. The Country Parson.] - -GRANVILLE (Baron Eugene de), younger brother of the foregoing. King's -attorney at Paris from May, 1830. Three years later he still held this -office, when he informed his father of the arrest of a thief named -Charles Crochard, who was the count's natural son. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life. A Second Home.] - -GRANVILLE (Marie-Angelique de). (See Vandenesse, Comtesse Felix de.) - -GRANVILLE (Marie-Eugenie de). (See Tillet, Madame Ferdinand du.) - -GRASLIN (Pierre), born in 1775. An Auvergnat, compatriot and friend of -Sauviat, whose daughter Veronique he married in 1822. He began as a -bank-clerk with Grosstete & Perret, a first-class firm of the town. A -man of business and a hard worker he became successor to his -employers. His fortune, increased by lucky speculations with Brezac, -enabled him to buy one of the finest places in the chief city of -Haute-Vienne. But he was not able to win his wife's heart. His -physical unattractiveness, added to by his carelessness and grinding -avarice, were complicated by a domestic tyranny which soon showed -itself. Thus it was that he was only the legal father of a son named -Francis, but he was ignorant of this fact, for, in the capacity of -juror in the Court of Assizes dealing with the fate of Tascheron, the -real father of the child, he urged but in vain the acquittal of the -prisoner. Two years after the boy's birth and the execution of the -mother's lover, in April, 1831, Pierre Graslin died of weakness and -grief. The July Revolution suddenly breaking forth had shaken his -financial standing, which was regained only with an effort. It was at -the time when he had brought Montegnac from the Navarreins. [The -Country Parson.] - -GRASLIN (Madame Pierre), wife of preceding; born Veronique Sauviat, at -Limoges in May, 1802; beautiful in spite of traces of small-pox; had -had the spoiled though simple childhood of an only daughter. When -twenty she married Pierre Graslin. Soon after marriage her ingenuous -nature, romantic and refined, suffered in secret from the harsh -tyranny of the man whose name she bore. Veronique, however, held aloof -from the gallants who frequented her salon, especially the Vicomte de -Granville. She had become the secret mistress of J.-F. Tascheron, a -porcelain worker. She was on the point of eloping with him when a -crime committed by him was discovered. Mme. Graslin suffered the most -poignant anguish, giving birth to the child of the condemned man at -the very moment when the father was led to execution. She inflicted -upon herself the bitterest flagellations. She could devote herself -more freely to penance after her husband's death, which occurred two -years later. She left Limoges for Montegnac, where she made herself -truly famous by charitable works on a huge scale. The sudden return of -the sister of her lover dealt her the final blow. Still she had energy -enough to bring about the union of Denise Tascheron and Gregoire -Gerard, gave her son into their keeping, left important bequests -destined to keep alive her memory, and died during the summer of 1844 -after confessing in public in the presence of Bianchon, Dutheil, -Granville, Mme. Sauviat and Bonnet who were all seized with admiration -and tenderness for her. [The Country Parson.] - -GRASLIN (Francis), born at Limoges in August, 1829. Only child of -Veronique Graslin, legal son of Pierre Graslin, but natural son of -J.-F. Tascheron. He lost his legal father two years after his birth, -and his mother thirteen years later. His tutor M. Ruffin, his maternal -grandmother Mme. Sauviat, and above all the Gregoire Gerards watched -over his boyhood at Montegnac. [The Country Parson.] - -GRASSET, bailiff and successor of Louchard. On the demand of Lisbeth -Fischer and by Rivet's advice, in 1838, he arrested W. Steinbock in -Paris and took him to Clichy prison. [Cousin Betty.] - -GRASSINS (Des), ex-quartermaster of the Guard, seriously wounded at -Austerlitz, pensioned and decorated. Time of Louis XVIII. he became -the richest banker in Saumur, which he left for Paris where he located -with the purpose of settling the unfortunate affairs of the suicide, -Guillaume Grandet and where he was later made a deputy. Although the -father of a family he conceived a passion for Florine, a pretty -actress of the Theatre du Madame,* to the havoc of his fortune. -[Eugenie Grandet.] - -* The name of this theatre was changed, in 1830, to - Gymnase-Dramatique. - -GRASSINS (Madame des), born about 1780; wife of foregoing, giving him -two children; spent most of her life at Saumur. Her husband's position -and sundry physical charms which she was able to preserve till nearly -her fortieth year enabled her to shine somewhat in society. With the -Cruchots she often visited the Grandets, and, like the family of the -President de Bonfons, she dreamed of mating Eugenie with her son -Adolphe. The dissipated life of her husband at Paris and the -combination of the Cruchots upset her plans. Nor was she able to do -much for her daughter. However, deprived of much of her property and -making the best of things, Mme. des Grassins continued unaided the -management of the bank at Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -GRASSINS (Adolphe des), born in 1797, son of M. and Mme. des Grassins; -studied law at Paris where he lived in a lavish way. A caller at the -Nucingens where he met Charles Grandet. Returned to Saumur in 1819 and -vainly courted Eugenie Grandet. Finally he returned to Paris and -rejoined his father whose wild life he imitated. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -GRASSOU (Pierre), born at Fougeres, Brittany, in 1795. Son of a -Vendean peasant and militant Royalist. Removing at an early age to -Paris he began as clerk to a paint-dealer who was from Mayenne and a -distant relative of the Orgemonts. A mistaken idea led him toward art. -His Breton stubbornness led him successively to the studios of Servin, -Schinner and Sommervieux. He afterwards studied, but fruitlessly, the -works of Granet and Drolling; then he completed his art studies with -Duval-Lecamus. Grassou profited nothing by his work with these -masters, nor did his acquaintance with Lora or Joseph Bridau assist -him. Though he could understand and admire he lacked the creative -faculty and the skill in execution. For this reason Grassou, usually -called Fougeres by his comrades, obtained their warm support and -succeeded in getting admission into the Salon of 1829, for his "Toilet -of a Condemned Chouan," a very mediocre painting palpably along the -lines of Gerard Dow. The work obtained for him from Charles X. the -cross of the Legion of Honor. At last his canvasses found purchasers. -Elie Magus gave him an order for pictures after the Flemish school, -which he sold to Vervelle as works of Dow or Teniers. At that time -Grassou lived at No. 2 rue de Navarin. He became the son-in-law of -Vervelle, in 1832, marrying Virginie Vervelle, the heiress of the -family, who brought him a dowry of one hundred thousand francs, as -well as country and city property. His determined mediocrity opened -the doors of the Academy to him and made him an officer in the Legion -of Honor in 1830, and major of a battalion in the National Guard after -the riots of May 12. He was adored by the middle classes, becoming -their accredited artist. Painted portraits of all the members of the -Crevel and Thuillier families, and also of the director of the theatre -who preceded Gaudissart. Left many frightful and ridiculous daubs, one -of which found its way into Topinard's humble home. [Pierre Grassou. A -Bachelor's Establishment. Cousin Betty. The Middle Classes. Cousin -Pons.] - -GRASSOU (Madame Pierre), born Virginie Vervelle; red-haired and -homely; sole heiress of wealthy dealers in cork, on rue Boucherat. -Wife of the preceding whom she married in Paris in 1832. There is a -portrait of her painted in this same year before her marriage, which -at first was a colorless study by Grassou, but was dexterously -retouched by Joseph Bridau. [Pierre Grassou.] - -GRAVELOT brothers, lumber-merchants of Paris, who purchased in 1823 -the forests of Aigues, the Burgundy estate of General de Montcornet. -[The Peasantry.] - -GRAVIER, paymaster-general of the army during the first Empire, and -interested at that time in large Spanish affairs with certain -commanding officers. Upon the return of the Bourbons he purchased at -twenty thousand francs of La Baudraye the office of tax-receiver for -Sancerres, which office he still held about 1836. With the Abbe Duret -and others he frequented the home of Mme. Dinah de la Baudraye. He was -little, fat and common. His court made little way with the baroness, -despite his talent and his worldly-wise ways of a bachelor. He sang -ballads, told stories, and displayed pseudo-rare autographs. [The Muse -of the Department.] - -GRAVIER, of Grenoble; head of a family; father-in-law of a notary; -chief of division of the prefecture of Isere in 1829. Knew Genestas -and recommended to him Dr. Benassis, the mayor of the village of which -he himself was one of the benefactors, as the one to attend Adrien -Genestas-Renard. [The Country Doctor.] - -GRENIER, known as Fleur-de-Genet; deserter from the Sixty-ninth -demi-brigade; chauffeur executed in 1809. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -GRENOUVILLE, proprietor of a large and splendid notion store in -Boulevard des Italiens, Paris, about 1840; a customer of the Bijous, -embroiderers also in business at Paris. At this time an ardent admirer -of Mlle. Olympe Bijou, former mistress of Baron Hulot and Idamore -Chardin. He married her and gave an income to her parents. [Cousin -Betty.] - -GRENOUVILLE (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Olympe Bijou, about -1824. In the middle of the reign of Louis Philippe she lived in Paris -near La Courtille, in rue Saint-Maur-du-Temple. Was a pretty but poor -embroiderer surrounded by a numerous and poverty-stricken family when -Josepha Mirah obtained for her old Baron Hulot and a shop. Having -abandoned Hulot for Idamore Chardin, who left her, Olympe married -Grenouville and became a well-known tradeswoman. [Cousin Betty.] - -GRENVILLE (Arthur-Ormond, Lord), wealthy Englishman; was being treated -at Montpellier for lung trouble when the rupture of the treaty of -peace of Amiens confined him to Tours. About 1814 he fell in love with -the Marquise Victor d'Aiglemont, whom he afterwards met elsewhere. -Posing as a physician he attended her in an illness and succeeded in -curing her. He visited her also in Paris, finally dying to save her -honor, after suffering his fingers to be crushed in a door--1823. [A -Woman of Thirty.] - -GREVIN of Arcis, Aube, began life in the same way as his compatriot -and intimate friend Malin de Gondreville. In 1787, he was second clerk -to Maitre Bordin, attorney of the Chatelet, Paris. Returned to -Champagne at the outbreak of the Revolution. There he received the -successive protection of Danton, Bonaparte and Gondreville. By virtue -of them he became an oracle to the Liberals, was enabled to marry -Mlle. Varlet, the only daughter of the best physician of the city, to -purchase a notary's practice, and to become wealthy. A level-headed -man, Grevin often advised Gondreville, and he directed the mysterious -and fictitious abduction--1803 and the years following. Of his union -with Mlle. Varlet, who died rather young, one daughter was born, -Severine, who became Mme. Phileas Beauvisage. In his old age he -devoted a great deal of attention to his children and their brilliant -future, especially during the election of May, 1839. [A Start in Life. -The Gondreville Mystery. The Member for Arcis.] - -GREVIN (Madame), wife of foregoing; born Varlet; daughter of the best -doctor of Arcis-sur-Aube; sister of another Varlet, a doctor in the -same town; mother of Mme. Severine Phileas Beauvisage. With Mme. -Marion she was more or less implicated in the Gondreville mystery. She -died rather young. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -GREVIN, corsair, who served under Admiral de Simeuse in the Indies. In -1816, paralyzed and deaf, he lived with his granddaughter, Mme. -Lardot, a laundress of Alencon, who employed Cesarine and Suzanne and -was patronized by the Chevalier de Valois. [Jealousies of a Country -Town.] - -GRIBEAUCOURT (Mademoiselle de), old maid of Saumur and friend of the -Cruchots during the Restoration. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -GRIFFITH (Miss), born in 1787; Scotch woman, daughter of a minister in -straitened circumstances; under the Restoration she was governess of -Louise de Chaulieu, whose love she won by reason of her kindliness and -penetration. [Letters of Two Brides.] - -GRIGNAULT (Sophie). (See Nathan, Mme. Raoul.) - -GRIMBERT, held, in 1819, at Ruffec, Charente, the office of the Royal -Couriers. At that time he received from Mlles. Laure and Agathe de -Rastignac, a considerable sum of money addressed to their brother -Eugene, at the Pension Vauquer, Paris. [Father Goriot.] - -GRIMONT, born about 1786; a priest of some capability; cure of -Guerande, Brittany. In 1836, a constant visitor at the Guenics, he -exerted a tardily acquired influence over Felicite des Touches, whose -disappointments in love he fathomed and whom he determined to turn -towards a religious life. Her conversion gave Grimont the -vicar-generalship of the diocese of Nantes. [Beatrix.] - -GRIMPEL, physician at Paris in the Pantheon quarter, time of Louis -XVIII. Among his patients was Mme. Vauquer, who sent for him to attend -Vautrin when the latter was overcome by a narcotic treacherously -administered by Mlle. Michonneau. [Father Goriot.] - -GRINDOT, French architect in the first half of the nineteenth century; -won the Roman prize in 1814. His talent, which met the approval of the -Academy, was heartily recognized by the masses of Paris. About the end -of 1818 Cesar Birotteau gave him carte-blanche in the remodeling of -his apartments on rue Saint-Honore, and invited him to his ball. -Matifat, between the years 1821 and 1822, commissioned him to ornament -the suite of Mme. Raoul Nathan on rue de Bondy. The Comte de Serizy -employed him likewise in 1822 in the restoration of his chateau of -Presles near Beaumont-sur-Oise. About 1829 Grindot embellished a -little house on rue Saint-Georges where successively dwelt Suzanne -Gaillard and Esther van Gobseck. Time of Louis Philippe, Arthur de -Rochefide, and M. and Mme. Fabien du Ronceret gave him contracts. His -decline and that of the monarchy coincided. He was no longer in vogue -during the July government. On motion of Chaffaroux he received -twenty-five thousand francs for the decoration of four rooms of -Thuillier's. Lastly Crevel, an imitator and grinder, utilized Grindot -on rue des Saussaies, rue du Dauphin and rue Barbet-de-Jouy for his -official and secret habitations. [Cesar Birotteau. Lost Illusions. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Start in Life. Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life. Beatrix. The Middle Classes. Cousin Betty.] - -GROISON, non-commissioned officer of cavalry in the Imperial Guard; -later, during the Restoraton, estate-keeper of Blangy, where he -succeeded Vaudoyer at a salary of three hundred francs. Montcornet, -mayor of that commune arranged a marriage between the old soldier and -the orphan daughter of one of his farmers who brought him three acres -of vineyards. [The Peasantry.] - -GROS (Antoine-Jean), celebrated painter born in Paris in 1771, drowned -himself June, 1835. Was the teacher of Joseph Bridau and, despite his -parsimonious habits, supplied materials--about 1818--to the future -painter of "The Venetian Senator and the Courtesan" enabling him to -obtain five thousand francs from a double government position. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] - -GROSLIER, police commissioner of Arcis-sur-Aube at the beginning of -the electoral campaign of 1839. [The Member for Arcis.] - -GROSMORT, small boy of Alencon in 1816. Left the town in that year and -went to Prebaudet, an estate of Mme. du Bousquier, to tell her of -Troisville's arrival. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -GROSS-NARP (Comte de), son-in-law, no doubt fictitious, of a very -great lady, invented and represented by Jacqueline Collin to serve the -menaced interests of Jacques Collin in Paris about the end of the -Restoration. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -GROSSTETE (F.), director, with Perret, of a Limoges banking-house, -during the Empire and Restoration. His clerk and successor was Pierre -Graslin. Retired from business, a married man, wealthy, devoted to -horticulture, he spent much of his time in the fields in the outskirts -of Limoges. Endowed with a superior intellect, he seemed to understand -Veronique Graslin, whose society he sought and whose secrets he tried -to fathom. He introduced his godson, Gregoire Gerard, to her. [The -Country Parson.] - -GROSSTETE (Madame F.), wife of preceding; a person of some importance -in Limoges, time of the Restoration. [The Country Parson.] - -GROSSTETE, younger brother of F. Grosstete. Receiver-general at -Bourges during the Restoration. He had a large fortune which enabled -his daughter Anna to wed a Fontaine about 1823. [The Country Parson. -The Muse of the Department.] - -GROZIER (Abbe) was chosen, in the early part of the Restoration, to -arbitrate the dispute of two proof-readers--one of whom was Saint-Simon ---over Chinese paper. He proved that the Chinese make their paper -from bamboo. [Lost Illusions.] He was librarian of the Arsenal at -Paris. Was tutor of the Marquis d'Espard. Was learned in the history -and manners of China. Taught this knowledge to his pupil. [The -Commission in Lunacy.]* - -* Abbe Grozier, or Crozier (Jean Baptiste-Gabriel-Alexandre), born - March 1, 1743, at Saint-Omer, died December 8, 1823, at Paris; - collaborator of the "Literary Year" with Freron and Geoffroy, and - author of a "General History of China"--Paris 1777-1784, 12 vols. - -GRUGET (Madame Etienne), born in the latter part of the eighteenth -century. About 1820, lace-maker at No. 12 rue des Enfants-Rouges, -Paris, where she concealed and cared for Gratien Bourignard, the lover -of her daughter Ida, who drowned herself. Bourignard was the father of -Mme. Jules Desmarets. [The Thirteen.] Becoming a nurse about the end -of 1824, Mme. Gruget attended the division-chief, La Billiardiere, in -his final sickness. [The Government Clerks.] In 1828 she followed the -same profession for ten sous a day, including board. At that time she -attended the last illness of Comtesse Flore Philippe de Brambourg, on -rue Chaussee-d'Antin, before the invalid was removed to the Dubois -hospital. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -GRUGET (Ida), daughter of the preceding. About 1820 was a corset-fitter -at No. 14 rue de la Corderie-du-Temple, Paris; employed by Mme. -Meynardie. She was also the mistress of Gatien Bourignard. -Passionately jealous, she rashly made a scene in the home of Jules -Desmarets, her lover's son-in-law. Then she drowned herself, in a fit -of despair, and was buried in a little cemetery of a village of -Seine-et-Oise. [The Thirteen.] - -GUA SAINT-CYR (Madame du), in spite of the improbability aroused on -account of her age, passed for a time, in 1799, as the mother of -Alphonse de Montauran. She had been married and was then a widow; Gua -was not her true name. She was the last mistress of Charette and, -being still young, took his place with the youthful Alphonse de -Montauran. She displayed a savage jealousy for Mlle. de Verneuil. One -of the first Vendean sallies of 1799, planned by Mme. du Gua, was -unsuccessful and absurd. The old "mare of Charette" caused the coach -between Mayenne and Fougeres to be waylaid; but the money stolen was -that which was being sent her by her mother. [The Chouans.] - -GUA SAINT-CYR (Du), name assumed in Brittany, in 1799, by Alphonse de -Montauran, the Chouan leader. [The Chouans.] - -GUA SAINT-CYR (Monsieur and Madame du), son and mother; rightful -bearers of the name were murdered, with the courier, in November by -the Chouans. [The Chouans.] - -GUDIN (Abbe), born about 1759; was one of the Chouan leaders in 1799. -He was a formidable fellow, one of the Jesuits stubborn enough, -perhaps devoted enough, to oppose upon French soil the proscriptive -edict of 1793. This firebrand of Western conflict fell, slain by the -Blues, almost under the eyes of his patriot nephew, the -sub-lieutenant, Gudin. [The Chouans.] - -GUDIN, nephew of the preceding, and nevertheless a patriot conscript -from Fougeres, Brittany, during the campaign of 1799; successively -corporal and sub-lieutenant. The former grade was obtained through -Hulot. Was the superior of Beau-Pied. Gudin was killed near Fougeres -by Marie de Verneuil, who had assumed the attire of her husband, -Alphonse de Montauran. [The Chouans.] - -GUENEE (Madame). (See Galardon, Madame.) - -GUENIC (Gaudebert-Calyste-Charles, Baron du), born in 1763. Head of a -Breton house of very ancient founding, he justified throughout his -long life the device upon his coat-of-arms, which read: "Fac!" Without -hope of reward he constantly defended, in Vendee and Brittany, his God -and his king by service as private soldier and captain, with Charette, -Chatelineau, La Rochejacquelein, Elbee, Bonchamp and the Prince of -Loudon. Was one of the commanders of the campaign of 1799 when he bore -the name of "L'Intime," and was, with Bauvan, a witness to the -marriage _in extremis_ of Alphonse de Montauran and Marie de Verneuil. -Three years later he went to Ireland, where he married Miss Fanny -O'Brien, of a noble family of that country. Events of 1814 permitted -his return to Guerande, Loire-Inferieure, where his house, though -impoverished, wielded great influence. In recognition of his -unfaltering devotion to the Royalist cause, M. du Guenic received only -the Cross of Saint-Louis. Incapable of protesting, he intrepidly -defended his town against the battalions of General Travot in the -following year. The final Chouan insurrection, that of 1832, called -him to arms once again. Accompanied by Calyste, his only son, and a -servant, Gasselin, he returned to Guerande, lived there for some -years, despite his numerous wounds, and died suddenly, at the age of -seventy-four, in 1837. [The Chouans. Beatrix.] - -GUENIC (Baronne du), wife of the preceding; native of Ireland; born -Fanny O'Brien, about 1793, of aristocratic lineage. Poor and -surrounded by wealthy relatives, beautiful and distinguished, she -married, in 1813, Baron du Guenic, following him the succeeding year -to Guerande and devoting her life and youth to him. She bore one son, -Calyste, to whom she was more like an elder sister. She watched -closely the two mistresses of the young man, and finally understood -Felicite des Touches; but she always was in a tremor on account of -Beatrix de Rochefide, even after the marriage of Calyste, which took -place in the year of the baron's death. [Beatrix.] - -GUENIC (Gaudebert-Calyste-Louis du), probably born in 1815, at -Guerande, Loire-Inferieure; only son of the foregoing, by whom he was -adored, and to whose dual influence he was subject. He was the -physical and moral replica of his mother. His father wished to make -him a gentleman of the old school. In 1832 he fought for the heir of -the Bourbons. He had other aspirations which he was able to satisfy at -the home of an illustrious chatelaine of the vicinity, Mlle. Felicite -des Touches. The chevalier was much enamored of the celebrated -authoress, who had great influence over him, did not accept him and -turned him over to Mme. de Rochefide. Beatrix played with the heir of -the house of Guenic the same ill-starred comedy carried through by -Antoinette de Langeais with regard to Montriveau. Calyste married -Mlle. Sabine de Grandlieu, and took the title of baron after his -father's death. He lived in Paris on Faubourg Saint-Germain, and -between 1838 and 1840 was acquainted with Georges de Maufrigneuse, -Savinien de Portenduere, the Rhetores, the Lenoncourt-Chaulieus and -Mme. de Rochefide--whose lover he finally became. The intervention of -the Duchesse de Grandlieu put an end to this love affair. [Beatrix.] - -GUENIC (Madame Calyste du), born Sabine de Grandlieu; wife of the -preceding, whom she married about 1837. Nearly three years later she -was in danger of dying upon hearing, at her confinement, that she had -a fortunate rival in the person of Beatrix de Rochefide. [Beatrix.] - -GUENIC (Zephirine du) born in 1756 at Guerande; lived almost all her -life with her younger brother, the Baron du Guenic, whose ideas, -principles and opinions she shared. She dreamed of a rehabilitation of -her improverished house, and pushed her economy to the point of -refusng to undergo an operation for cataract. For a long time she -wished that Mlle. Charlotte de Kergarouet might become her niece by -marriage. [Beatrix.] - -GUEPIN, of Provins, located in Paris. He had at the "Trois -Quenouilles" one of the largest draper's shops on rue Saint-Denis. His -head-clerk was his compatriot, Jerome-Denis Rogron. In 1815, he turned -over his business to his grandson and returned to Provins, where his -family formed a clan. Later Rogron retired also and rejoined him -there. [Pierrette.] - -GUERBET, wealthy farmer in the country near Ville-aux-Fayes; married, -in the last of the eighteenth or first of the nineteenth century, the -only daughter of Mouchon junior, then postmaster of Conches, Burgundy. -After the death of his father-in-law, about 1817, he succeeded to the -office. [The Peasantry.] - -GUERBET, brother of the foregoing, and related to the Gaubertins and -Gendrins. Rich tax-collector of Soulanges, Burgundy. Stout, dumpy -fellow with a butter face, wig, earrings, and immense collars; given -to pomology; was the wit of the village and one of the lions of Mme. -Soudry's salon. [The Peasantry.] - -GUERBET, circuit judge of Ville-aux-Fayes, Burgundy, in 1823. Like his -uncle, the postmaster, and his father, the tax-collector, he was -entirely devoted to Gaubertin. [The Peasantry.] - -GUILLAUME, in the course of, or at the end of the eighteenth century, -began as clerk to Chevrel, draper, on rue Saint-Denis, Paris, "at the -Sign of the Cat and Racket"; afterwards became his son-in-law, -succeeded him, became wealthy and retired, during the first Empire, -after marrying off his two daughters, Virginie and Augustine, in the -same day. He became member of the Consultation Committee for the -uniforming of the troops, changed his home, living in a house of his -own on rue du Colombier, was intimate with the Ragons and the -Birotteaus, being invited with his wife to the ball given by the -latter. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket. Cesar Birotteau.] - -GUILLAUME (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Chevrel; cousin of -Mme. Roguin; a stiff-necked, middle-class woman, who was scandalized -by the marriage of her second daughter, Augustine, with Theodore de -Sommervieux. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] - -GUILLAUME, servant of Marquis d'Aiglemont in 1823. [A Woman of -Thirty.] - -GUINARD (Abbe), priest of Sancerre in 1836. [The Muse of the -Department.] - -GYAS (Marquise de), lived at Bordeaux during the Restoration; gave -much thought to marrying off her daughter, and, being intimate with -Mme. Evangelista, felt hurt when Natalie Evangelista married Paul de -Manerville in 1822. However, the Marquis de Gyas was one of the -witnesses at the wedding. [A Marriage Settlement.] - - - - H - -HABERT (Abbe), vicar at Provins under the Restoration; a stern, -ambitious prelate, a source of annoyance to Vinet; dreamed of marrying -his sister Celeste to Jerome-Denis Rogron. [Pierrette.] - -HABERT (Celeste), sister of the preceding; born about 1797; managed a -girls' boarding-school at Provins, in the closing years of Charles -X.'s reign. Visited at the Rogrons. Gouraud and Vinet shunned her. -[Pierrette.] - -HADOT (Madame), who lived at La Charite, Nievre, in 1836, was mistaken -for Mme. Barthelemy-Hadot, the French novelist, whose name was -mentioned at Mme. de la Baudraye's, near Sancerre. [The Muse of the -Department.] - -HALGA (Chevalier du), naval officer greatly esteemed by Suffren and -Portenduere; captain of Kergarouet's flagship; lover of that admiral's -wife, whom he survived. He served in the Indian and Russian waters, -refused to take up arms against France, and returned with a petty -pension after the emigration. Knew Richelieu intimately. Remained in -Paris the inseparable friend and adherent of Kergarouet. Called near -the Madeleine upon the Mesdames de Rouville, other protegees of his -patron. The death of Louis XVIII. took Halga back to Guerande, his -native town, where he became mayor and was still living in 1836. He -was well acquainted with the Guenics and made himself ridiculous by -his fancied ailments as well as by his solicitude for his dog, Thisbe. -[The Purse. Beatrix.] - -HALPERSOHN (Moses), a refugee Polish Jew, excellent physician, -communist, very eccentric, avaricious, friend of Lelewel the -insurrectionist. Time of Louis Philippe at Paris, he attended Vanda de -Mergi, given up by several doctors, and also diagnosed her complicated -disease. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -HALPERTIUS, assumed name of Jacques Collin. - -HANNEQUIN (Leopold), Parisian notary. The "Revue de l'Est," a paper -published at Besancon, time of Louis Philippe, gave, in an -autobiographical novel of its editor-in-chief, Albert Savarus, -entitled "L'Ambitieux par Amour," the story of the boyhood of Leopold -Hannequin, the author's inseparable friend. Savarus told of their -joint travels, and of the quiet preparation made by his friend for a -notaryship during the time known as the Restoration. During the -monarchy of the barricades Hannequin remained the steadfast friend of -Savarus, being one of the first to find his hiding-place. At that time -the notary had an office in Paris. He married there to advantage, -became head of a family, and deputy-mayor of a precinct, and obtained -the decoration for a wound received at the cloister of Saint-Merri. He -was welcomed and made use of in the Faubourg Saint-Germain, the -Saint-Georges quarter and the Marais. At the Grandlieus' request he -drew up the marriage settlement of their daughter Sabine with Calyste du -Guenic--1837. Four years later he consulted with old Marshal Hulot, on -rue du Montparnasse, regarding his will in behalf of Mlle. Fischer and -Mme. Steinbock. About 1845, at the request of Heloise Brisetout, he -drew up Sylvain Pons' will. [Albert Savarus. Beatrix. Cousin Betty. -Cousin Pons.] - -HAPPE & DUNCKER, celebrated bankers of Amsterdam, amateur art-collectors, -and snobbish parvenus, bought, in 1813, the fine gallery of Balthazar -Claes, paying one hundred thousand ducats for it. [The Quest of the -Absolute.] - -HAUDRY, doctor at Paris during the first part of the nineteenth -century. An old man and an upholder of old treatments; having a -practice mainly among the middle class. Attended Cesar Birotteau, -Jules Desmarets, Mme. Descoings and Vanda de Mergi. His name was still -cited at the end of Louis Philippe's reign. [Cesar Birotteau. The -Thirteen. A Bachelor's Establishment. The Seamy Side of History. -Cousin Pons.] - -HAUGOULT (Pere), oratorian and regent of the Vendome college, about -1811. Stern and narrow-minded, he did not comprehend the budding -genius of one of his pupils, Louis Lambert, but destroyed the -"Treatise on the Will," written by the lad. [Louis Lambert.] - -HAUTESERRE (D'), born in 1751; grandfather of Marquis de Cinq-Cygne; -guardian of Laurence de Cinq-Cygne; father of Robert and Adrien -d'Hauteserre. A gentleman of caution he would willingly have parleyed -with the Revolution; he made this evident after 1803 in the Arcis -precinct where he resided, and especially during the succeeding years -marked by an affair which jeopardized the lives of some of his family. -Gondreville, Peyrade, Corentin, Fouche and Napoleon were bugaboos to -d'Hauteserre. He outlived his sons. [The Gondreville Mystery. The -Member for Arcis.] - -HAUTESERRE (Madame d'), wife of the preceding; born in 1763; mother of -Robert and Adrien; showed throughout her wearied, saddened frame the -marks of the old regime. Following Goujet's advice she countenanced -the deeds of Mlle. de Cinq-Cygne, the bold, dashing -counter-revolutionist of Arcis during 1803 and succeeding years. Mme. -Hauteserre survived her sons. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -HAUTESERRE (Robert d'), elder son of the foregoing. Brusque, recalling -the men of mediaeval times, despite his feeble constitution. A man of -honor, he followed the fortunes of his brother Adrien and his kinsmen -the Simeuses. Like them, he emigrated during the first Revolution, and -returned to the neighborhood of Arcis about 1803. Like them again he -became enamored of Mlle. de Cinq-Cygne. Wrongly accused of having -abducted the senator, Malin de Gondreville, and sentenced to ten -years' hard labor, he obtained the Emperor's pardon and was made -sub-lieutenant in the cavalry. He died as colonel at the storming of -Moskowa, September 7, 1812. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -HAUTESERRE (Adrien d'), second son of M. and Mme. d'Hauteserre; was of -different stamp from his older brother Robert, yet had many things in -common with the latter's career. He also was influenced by honor. He -also emigrated and, on his return, fell under the same sentence. He -also obtained Napoleon's pardon and a commission in the army, taking -Robert's place in the attack on Moskowa; and in recognition of his -severe wounds became brigadier-general after the battle of Dresden, -August 26, 27, 1813. The doors of the Chateau de Cinq-Cygne were -opened to admit the mutilated soldier, who married his mistress, -Laurence, though his affection was not requited. This marriage made -Adrien Marquis de Cinq-Cygne. During the Restoration he was made a -peer, promoted to lieutenant-general, and obtained the Cross of -Saint-Louis. He died in 1829, lamented by his wife, his parents and -his children. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -HAUTESERRE (Abbe d'), brother of M. d'Hauteserre; somewhat like his -young kinsman in disposition; made some ado over his noble birth; thus -it happened that he was killed, shot in the attack on the Hotel de -Cinq-Cygne by the people of Troyes, in 1792. [The Gondreville -Mystery.] - -HAUTOY (Francis du), gentleman of Angouleme; was consul at Valence. -Lived in the chief city of Charente between 1821 and 1824; frequented -the Bargetons; was on the most intimate terms with the Senonches, and -was said to be the father of Francoise de la Haye, daughter of Mme. de -Senonches. Hautoy seemed slightly superior to his associates. [Lost -Illusions.] - -HENRI, police-agent at Paris in 1840, given special assignments by -Corentin, and placed as servant successively at the Thuilliers, and -with Nepomucene Picot, with the duty of watching Theodose de la -Peyrade. [The Middle Classes.] - -HERBELOT, notary of Arcis-sur-Aube during the electoral period of -spring, 1839; visited the Beauvisages, Marions and Mollots. [The -Member for Arcis.] - -HERBELOT (Malvina), born in 1809; sister of the preceding, whose -curiosity she shared, when the Arcis elections were in progress. She -also called on the Beauvisages and the Mollots, and, despite her -thirty years, sought the society of the young women of these houses. -[The Member for Arcis.] - -HERBOMEZ, of Mayenne, nick-named General Hardi; chauffeur implicated -in the Royalist uprising in which Henriette Bryond took part, during -the first Empire. Like Mme. de la Chanterie's daughter, Herbomez paid -with his head his share in the rebellion. His execution took place in -1809. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -HERBOMEZ (D'), brother of the foregoing, but more fortunate, he ended -by becoming a count and receiver-general. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -HEREDIA (Marie). (See Soria, Duchesse de.) - -HERMANN, a Nuremberg merchant who commanded a free company enlisted -against the French, in October, 1799. Was arrested and thrown into a -prison of Andernach, where he had for fellow-prisoner, Prosper Magnan, -a young assistant surgeon, native of Beauvais, Oise. Hermann thus -learned the terrible secret of an unjust detention followed by an -execution equally unjust. Many years after, in Paris, he told the -story of the martyrdom of Magnan in the presence of F. Taillefer, the -unpunished author of the dual crime which had caused the imprisonment -and death of an innocent man. [The Red Inn.] - -HERON, notary of Issoudun in the early part of the nineteenth century, -who was attorney for the Rougets, father and son. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -HEROUVILLE (Marechal d'), whose ancestors' names were inscribed in the -pages of French history, during the sixteenth and seventeenth -centuries, replete with glory and dramatic mystery; was Duc de Nivron. -He was the last governor of Normandy, returned from exile with Louis -XVIII. in 1814, and died at an advanced age in 1819. [The Hated Son. -Modeste Mignon.] - -HEROUVILLE (Duc d'), son of the preceding; born in 1796, at Vienna, -Austria, during the emigration, "fruit of the matrimonial autumn of -the last governor of Normandy"; descendant of a Comte d'Herouville, a -Norman free-lance who lived under Henri IV. and Louis XIII. He was -Marquis de Saint-Sever, Duc de Nivron, Comte de Bayeux, Vicomte -d'Essigny, grand equerry and peer of France, chevalier of the Order of -the Spur and of the Golden Fleece, and grandee of Spain. A more modest -origin, however, was ascribed to him by some. The founder of his house -was supposed to have been an usher at the court of Robert of Normandy. -But the coat-of-arms bore the device "Herus Villa"--House of the -Chief. At any rate, the physical unattractiveness and comparative lack -of means of D'Herouville, who was a kind of dwarf, contrasted with his -aristocratic lineage. However, his income allowed him to keep a house -on rue Saint-Thomas du Louvre, Paris, and to keep on good terms with -the Chaulieus. He maintained Fanny Beaupre, who apparently cost him -dear; for, about 1829, he sought the hand of the Mignon heiress. -During the reign of Louis Philippe, D'Herouville, then a social -leader, had acquaintance with the Hulots, was known as a celebrated -art amateur, and resided on rue de Varenne, in Faubourg Saint-Germain. -Later he took Josepha Mirah from Hulot, and installed her in fine -style on rue Saint-Maur-du-Temple with Olympe Bijou. [The Hated Son. -Jealousies of a Country Town. Modeste Mignon. Cousin Betty.] - -HEROUVILLE (Mademoiselle d'), aunt of the preceding; dreamed of a rich -marriage for that stunted creature, who seemed a sort of reproduction -of an evil Herouville of past ages. She desired Modeste Mignon for -him; but her aristocratic pride revolted at the thought of Mlle. -Monegod or Augusta de Nucingen. [Modeste Mignon.] - -HEROUVILLE (Helene d'), niece of the preceding; sister of Duc -d'Herouville; accompanied her relatives to Havre in 1829; afterwards -knew the Mignons. [Modeste Mignon.] - -HERRERA (Carlos), unacknowledged son of the Duc d'Ossuna; canon of the -cathedral of Toledo, charged with a political mission to France by -Ferdinand VII. He was drawn into an ambush by Jacques Collin, who -killed him, stripped him and then assumed his name until about 1830. -[Lost Illusions. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -HICLAR, Parisian musician, in 1845, who received from Dubourdieu, a -symbolical painter, author of a figure of Harmony, an order to compose -a symphony suitable of being played before the picture. [The -Unconscious Humorists.] - -HILEY, alias the Laborer, a chauffeur and the most cunning of minor -participants in the Royalist uprising of Orne. Was executed in 1809. -[The Seamy Side of History.] - -HIPPOLYTE, young officer, aide-de-camp to general Eble in the Russian -campaign; friend of Major Philippe de Sucy. Killed in an attack on the -Russians near Studzianka, November 18, 1812. [Farewell.] - -HOCHON, born at Issoudun about 1738; was tax-receiver at Selles, -Berry. Married Maximilienne, the sister of Sub-Delegate Lousteau. Had -three children, one of whom became Mme. Borniche. Hochon's marriage -and the change of the political horizon brought him back to his native -town where he and his family were long known as the Five Hochons. -Mlle. Hochon's marriage and the death of her brothers made the jest -still tenable; for M. Hochon, despite a proverbial avarice, adopted -their posterity--Francois Hochon, Baruch and Adolphine Borniche. -Hochon lived till an advanced age. He was still living at the end of -the Restoration, and gave shrewd advice to the Bridaus regarding the -Rouget legacy. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -HOCHON (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Maximilienne Lousteau -about 1750; sister of the sub-delegate; also god-mother of Mme. -Bridau, nee Rouget. During her whole life she displayed a sweet and -resigned sympathy. The neglected and timorous mother of a family, she -bore the matrimonial yoke of a second Felix Grandet. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -HOCHON, elder son of the foregoing; survived his brother and sister; -married at an early age to a wealthy woman by whom he had one son; -died a year before her, in 1813, slain at the battle of Hanau. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] - -HOCHON (Francois), son of the preceding, born in 1798. Left an orphan -at sixteen he was adopted by his paternal grandparents and lived in -Issoudun with his cousins, the Borniche children. He affiliated -secretly with Maxence Gilet, being one of the "Knights of Idlesse," -till his conduct was discovered. His stern grandmother sent the young -man to Poitiers where he studied law and received a yearly allowance -of six hundred francs. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -HONORINE, (See Bauvan, Comtesse Octave de.) - -HOPWOOD (Lady Julia), English; made a journey to Spain between 1818 -and 1819, and had there for a time a chamber-maid known as Caroline, -who was none other than Antoinette de Langeais, who had fled from -Paris after Montriveau jilted her. [The Thirteen.] - -HOREAU (Jacques), alias the Stuart, had been lieutenant in the -Sixty-ninth demi-brigade. Became one of the associates of Tinteniac, -known through his participation in the Quiberon expedition. Turned -chauffeur and compromised himself in the Orne Royalist uprising. Was -executed in 1809. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -HORTENSE was, under Louis Philippe, one of the numerous mistresses of -Lord Dudley. She lived on rue Tronchet when Cerizet employed Antonia -Chocardelle to hoodwink Maxime de Trailles. [A Man of Business. The -Member for Arcis.] - -HOSTAL (Maurice de l'), born in 1802; living physical portrait of -Byron; nephew and like an adopted son of Abbe Loraux. He became, at -Marais, in rue Payenne, the secretary and afterwards the confidant of -Octave de Bauvan. Was acquainted with Honorine de Bauvan on rue -Saint-Maur-Popincourt and all but fell in love with her. Turned -diplomat, left France, married the Italian, Onorina Pedrotti, and -became head of a family. While consul to Genoa, about 1836, he again -met Octave de Bauvan, then a widower and near his end, who entrusted -his son to him. M. de l'Hostal once entertained Claude Vignon, Leon de -Lora and Felicite des Touches, to whom he related the marital troubles -of the Bauvans. [Honorine.] - -HOSTAL (Madame Maurice de l'), wife of the preceding, born Onorina -Pedrotti. A beautiful and unusually rich Genoese; slightly jealous of -the consul; perhaps overhead the story of the Bauvans. [Honorine.] - -HULOT, born in 1766, served under the first Republic and Empire. Took -an active part in the wars and tragedies of the time. Commanded the -Seventy-second demi-brigade, called the Mayencaise, during the Chouan -uprising of 1799. Fought against Montauran. His career as private and -officer had been so filled that his thirty-three years seemed an age. -He went out a great deal. Rubbed elbows with Montcornet; called on -Mme. de la Baudraye. He remained a democrat during the Empire; -nevertheless Bonaparte recognized him. Hulot was made colonel of the -grenadiers of the Guard, Comte de Forzheim and marshal. Retired to his -splendid home on rue du Montparnasse, where he passed his declining -years simply, being deaf, remaining a friend of Cottin de Wissembourg, -and often surrounded by the family of a brother whose misconduct -hastened his end in 1841. Hulot was given a superb funeral. [The -Chouans. The Muse of the Department. Cousin Betty.] - -HULOT D'ERVY (Baron Hector), born about 1775; brother of the -preceding; took the name of Hulot d'Ervy early in life in order to -make a distinction between himself and his brother to whom he owed the -brilliant beginning of a civil and military career. Hulot d'Ervy -became ordonnance commissary during the Republic. The Empire made him -a baron. During one of these periods he married Adeline Fischer, by -whom he had two children. The succeeding governments, at least that of -July, also favored Hector Hulot, and he became in turn, -intendant-general, director of the War Department, councillor of state, -and grand officer of the Legion of Honor. His private misbehavior dated -from these periods and gathered force while he lived in Paris. Each of -his successive mistresses--Jenny Cadine, Josepha Mirah, Valerie -Marneffe, Olympe Bijou, Elodie Chardin, Atala Judici, Agathe Piquetard ---precipitated his dishonor and ruin. He hid under various names, as -Thoul, Thorec and Vyder, anagrams of Hulot, Hector and d'Ervy. Neither -the persecutions of the money-lender Samanon nor the influence of his -family could reform him. After his wife's death he married, February -1, 1846, Agathe Piquetard, his kitchen-girl and the lowest of his -servants. [Cousin Betty.] - -HULOT D'ERVY (Baronne Hector), wife of the preceding; born Adeline -Fischer, about 1790, in the village of Vosges; remarkable for her -beauty; was married for mutual love, despite her inferior birth, and -for some time lived caressed and adored by her husband and venerated -by her brother-in-law. At the end of the Empire probably commenced her -sorrows and the faithlessness of Hector, notwithstanding the two -children born of their union, Victorin and Hortense. Had it not been -for her maternal solicitude the baroness could have condoned the -gradual degradation of her husband. The honor of the name and the -future of her daughter gave her concern. No sacrifice was too great -for her. She vainly offered herself to Celestin Crevel, whom she had -formerly scorned, and underwent the parvenu's insults; she besought -Josepha Mirah's aid, and rescued the baron from Atala Judici. The -closing years of her life were not quite so miserable. She devoted -herself to charitable offices, and lived on rue Louis-le-Grand with -her married children and their reclaimed father. The intervention of -Victorin, and the deaths of the Comte de Forzheim, of Lisbeth Fischer -and of M. and Mme. Crevel, induced comfort and security that was often -menaced. But the conduct of Hector with Agathe Piquetard broke the -thread of Mme. Hulot d'Ervy's life; for some time she had had a -nervous trouble. She died aged about fifty-six. [Cousin Betty.] - -HULOT (Victorin), elder child of the foregoing. Married Mlle. -Celestine Crevel and was father of a family. Became under Louis -Philippe one of the leading attorneys of Paris. Was deputy, counsel of -the War Department, consulting counsel of the police service and -counsel for the civil list. His salary for the various offices came to -eighteen thousand francs. He was seated at Palais-Bourbon when the -election of Dorlange-Sallenauve was contested. His connection with the -police enabled him to save his family from the clutches of Mme. -Valerie Crevel. In 1834 he owned a house on rue Louis-le-Grand. Seven -or eight years later he sheltered nearly all the Hulots and their near -kindred, but he could not prevent the second marriage of his father. -[The Member for Arcis. Cousin Betty.] - -HULOT (Madame Victorin), wife of preceding, born Celestine Crevel; -married as a result of a meeting between her father and her -father-in-law, who were both libertines. She took part in the -dissensions between the two families, replaced Lisbeth Fischer in the -care of the house on rue Louis-le-Grand, and probably never saw the -second Mme. Celestin Crevel, unless at the death-bed of the retired -perfumer. [Cousin Betty.] - -HULOT (Hortense). (See Steinbock, Comtesse Wenceslas.) - -HULOT D'ERVY (Baronne Hector), nee Agathe Piquetard of Isigny, where -she became the second wife of Hector Hulot d'Ervy. Went to Paris as -kitchen-maid for Hulot about December, 1845, and was married to her -master, then a widower, on February 1, 1846. [Cousin Betty.] - -HUMANN, celebrated Parisian tailor of 1836 and succeeding years. At -the instance of the students Rabourdin and Juste he clothed the -poverty-stricken Zephirin Marcas "as a politician." [Z. Marcas.] - -HUSSON (Madame.) (See Mme. Clapart.) - -HUSSON (Oscar), born about 1804, son of the preceding and of M. Husson ---army-contractor; led a checkered career, explained by his origin and -childhood. He scarcely knew his father, who made and soon lost a -fortune. The previous fast life of his mother, who afterwards married -again, gave rise to or upheld some more or less influential -connections and made her, during the first Empire, the titular _femme -de chambre_ to Madame Mere--Letitia Bonaparte. Napoleon's fall marked -the ruin of the Hussons. Oscar and his mother--now married to M. -Clapart--lived in a modest apartment on rue de la Cerisaie, Paris. -Oscar obtained a license and became clerk in Desroches' law office in -Paris, being coached by Godeschal. During this time he became -acquainted with two young men, his cousins the Marests. One of them -had previously instigated an early escapade of Oscar's, and it was now -followed by one much more serious, on rue de Vendome at the house of -Florentine Cabirolle, who was then maintained by Cardot, Oscar's -wealthy uncle. Husson was forced to abandon law and enter military -service. He was in the cavalry regiment of the Duc de Maufrigneuse and -the Vicomte de Serizy. The interest of the dauphiness and of Abbe -Gaudron obtained for him promotion and a decoration. He became in turn -aide-de-camp to La Fayette, captain, officer of the Legion of Honor -and lieutenant-colonel. A noteworthy deed made him famous on Algerian -territory during the affair of La Macta; Husson lost his left arm in -the vain attempt to save Vicomte de Serizy. Put on half-pay, he -obtained the post of collector for Beaumont-sur-Oise. He then married ---1838--Georgette Pierrotin and met again the accomplices or witnesses -of his earlier escapades--one of the Marests, the Moreaus, etc. [A -Start in Life.] - -HUSSON (Madame Oscar), wife of the preceding; born Georgette -Pierrotin; daughter of the proprietor of the stage-service of Oise. [A -Start in Life.] - -HYDE DE NEUVILLE (Jean-Guillaume, Baron)--1776-1857--belonged to the -Martignac ministry of 1828; was, in 1797, one of the most active -Bourbon agents. Kept civil war aflame in the West, and held a -conference in 1799 with First Consul Bonaparte relative to the -restoration of Louis XVIII. [The Chouans.] - - - - I - -IDAMORE, nick-name of Chardin junior while he was _claqueur_ in a -theatre on the Boulevard du Temple, Paris. [Cousin Betty.] - -ISEMBERG (Marechal, Duc d'), probably belonged to the Imperial -nobility. He lost at the gaming table, in November, 1809, in a grand -fete given at Paris at Senator Malin de Gondreville's home, while the -Duchesse de Lansac was acting as peacemaker between a youthful married -couple. [Domestic Peace.] - - - - J - -JACMIN (Philoxene), of Honfleur; perhaps cousin of Jean Butscha; maid -to Eleonore de Chaulieu; in love with Germain Bonnet, valet of -Melchior de Canalis. [Modeste Mignon.] - -JACOMETY, head jailer of the Conciergerie, at Paris, in May, 1830, -during Rubempre's imprisonment. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -JACQUELIN, born in Normandy about 1776; in 1816 was employed by Mlle. -Cormon, an old maid of Alencon. He married when she espoused M. du -Bousquier. After the double marriage Jacquelin remained for some time -in the service of the niece of the Abbe de Sponde. [Jealousies of a -Country Town.] - -JACQUES, for a considerable period butler of Claire de Beauseant, -following her to Bayeux. Essentially "aristocratic, intelligent and -discreet," he understood the sufferings of his mistress. [Father -Goriot. The Deserted Woman.] - -JACQUET (Claude-Joseph), a worthy bourgeois of the Restoration; head -of a family, and something of a crank. He performed the duties of a -deputy-mayor in Paris, and also had charge of the archives in the -Department of Foreign Affairs. Was greatly indebted to his friend -Jules Desmarets; so he deciphered for him, about 1820, a code letter -of Gratien Bourignard. When Clemence Desmarets died, Jacquet comforted -the broker in the Saint-Roch church and in the Pere-Lachaise cemetery. -[The Thirteen.] - -JACQUINOT, said to have succeeded Cardot as notary at Paris, time of -Louis Philippe [The Middle Classes.]; but since Cardot was succeeded -by Berthier, his son-in-law, a discrepancy is apparent. - -JACQUOTTE, left the service of a cure for that of Dr. Benassis, whose -house she managed with a devotion and care not unmixed with despotism. -[The Country Doctor.] - -JAN,* a painter who cared not a fig for glory. About 1838 he covered -with flowers and decorated the door of a bed-chamber in a suite owned -by Crevel on rue du Dauphin, Paris. [Cousin Betty.] - -* Perhaps the fresco-painter, Laurent-Jan, author of "Unrepentant - Misanthropy," and the friend of Balzac, to whom the latter - dedicated his drama, "Vautrin." - -JANVIER, priest in a village of Isere in 1829, a "veritable Fenelon -shrunk to a cure's proportions"; knew, understood and assisted -Benassis. [The Country Doctor.] - -JAPHET (Baron), celebrated chemist who subjected to hydrofluoric acid, -to chloride of nitrogen, and to the action of the voltaic battery the -mysterious "magic skin" of Raphael de Valentin. To his stupefaction -the savant wrought no change on the tissue. [The Magic Skin.] - -JEAN, coachman and trusted servant of M. de Merret, at Vendome, in -1816. [La Grande Breteche.] - -JEAN, landscape gardener and farm-hand for Felix Grandet, enagaged -about November, 1819, in a field on the bank of the Loire, filling -holes left by removed populars and planting other trees. [Eugenie -Grandet.] - -JEAN, one of the keepers of Pere-Lachaise cemetery in 1820-21; -conducted Desmarets and Jacquet to the tomb of Clemence Bourignard, -who had recently been interred.* [The Thirteen.] - -* In 1868, at Paris, MM. Ferdinand Dugue and Peaucellier presented a - play at the Gaite theatre, where one of the chief characters was - Clemence Bourignard-Desmarets. - -JEAN, lay brother of an abbey until 1791, when he found a home with -Niseron, cure of Blangy, Burgundy; seldom left Gregoire Rigou, whose -factotum he finally became. [The Peasantry.] - -JEANNETTE, born in 1758; cook for Ragon at Paris in 1818, in rue du -Petit-Lion-Saint-Sulpice; distinguished herself at the Sunday -receptions. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -JEANRENAUD (Madame), a Protestant, widow of a salt bargeman, by whom -she had a son. A stout, ugly and vulgar woman, who recovered, during -the Restoration, a fortune that had been stolen by the Catholic -ancestors of D'Espard and was restored to him despite a suit to -restrain him by injunction. Mme. Jeanrenaud lived at Villeparisis, and -then at Paris, where she dwelt successively on rue de la Vrilliere ---No. 8--and on Grand rue Verte. [The Commission in Lunacy.] - -JEANRENAUD, son of the preceding, born about 1792. He served as -officer in the Imperial Guard, and, through the influence of -D'Espard-Negrepelisse, became, in 1828, chief of squadron in the First -regiment of the Cuirassiers of the Guard. Charles X. made him a baron. -He then married a niece of Monegod. His beautiful villa on Lake Geneva -is mentioned by Albert Savarus in "L'Ambitieux par Amour," published in -the reign of Louis Philippe. [The Commission in Lunacy. Albert -Savarus.] - -JENNY was, during the Restoration, maid and confidante of Aquilina de -la Garde; afterwards, but for a very brief time, mistress of -Castanier. [Melmoth Reconciled.] - -JEROME (Pere), second-hand book-seller on Pont Notre-Dame, Paris, in -1821, at the time when Rubempre was making a start there. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -JEROME, valet successively of Galard and of Albert Savarus at -Besancon. He may have served the Parisian lawyer less sedulously -because of Mariette, a servant at the Wattevilles, whose dowry he was -after. [Albert Savarus.] - -JOHNSON (Samuel), assumed name of the police-agent, Peyrade. - -JOLIVARD, clerk of registry, rue de Normandie, Paris, about the end of -Louis Philippe's reign. He lived on the first floor of the house owned -by Pillerault, attended by the Cibots and tenanted by the Chapoulots, -Pons and Schmucke. [Cousin Pons.] - -JONATHAS, valet of M. de Valentin senior; foster-father of Raphael de -Valentin, whose steward he afterwards became when the young man was a -multi-millionaire. He served him faithfully and survived him. [The -Magic Skin.] - -JORDY (De) had been successively captain in a regiment of -Royal-Suedois and professor in the Ecole Militaire. He had a refined -nature and a tender heart; was the type of a poor but uncomplaining -gentleman. His soul must have been the scene of sad secrets. Certain -signs led one to believe that he had had children whom he had adored -and lost. M. de Jordy lived modestly and quietly at Nemours. A -similiarity of tastes and character drew him towards Denis Minoret -whose intimate friend he became, and at whose home he conceived a -liking for the doctor's young ward--Mme. Savinien de Portenduere. He -had great influence over her, and left her an income of fourteen -hundred francs when he died in 1823. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -JOSEPH, with Charles and Francois, was of the establishment of -Montcornet at Aigues, Burgundy, about 1823. [The Peasantry.] - -JOSEPH, faithful servant of Rastignac at Paris, under the Restoration. -In 1828 he carried to the Marquise de Listomere a letter written by -his master to Mme. de Nucingen. This error, for which Joseph could -hardly be held responsible, caused the scorn of the marquise when she -discoverd that the missive was intended for another. [The Magic Skin. -A Study of Woman.] - -JOSEPH, in the service of F. du Tillet, Paris, when his master was -fairly launched in society and received Birotteau in state. [Cesar -Birotteau.] - -JOSEPH, given name of a worthy chimney-builder of rue Saint-Lazare, -Paris, about the end of the reign of Louis Philippe. Of Italian -origin, the head of a family, saved from ruin by Adeline Hulot, who -acted for Mme. de la Chanterie. Joseph was in touch with the scribe, -Vyder, and when he took Mme. Hulot to see the latter she recognized in -him her husband. [Cousin Betty.] - -JOSEPHA, (See Mirah, Josepha.) - -JOSETTE, cook for Claes at Douai; greatly attached to Josephine, -Marguerite and Felicie Claes. Died about the end of the Restoration. -[The Quest of the Absolute.] - -JOSETTE, old housekeeper for Maitre Mathias of Bordeaux during the -Restoration. She accompanied her master when he bade farewell to Paul -de Manerville the emigrant. [A Marriage Settlement.] - -JOSETTE, in and previous to 1816 chambermaid of Victoire-Rose Cormon -of Alencon. She married Jacquelin when her mistress married du -Bousquier. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -JUDICI (Atala), born about 1829, of Lombard descent; had a paternal -grandfather, who was a wealthy chimney-builder of Paris during the -first Empire, an employer of Joseph; he died in 1819. Mlle. Judici did -not inherit her grandfather's fortune, for it was run through with by -her father. In 1844 she was given by her mother--so the story goes--to -Hector Hulot for fifteen thousand francs. She then left her family, -who lived on rue de Charonne, and lived on Passage du Soleil. The -pretty Atala was obliged to leave Hulot when his wife found him. Mme. -Hulot promised her a dowry and to wed her to Joseph's oldest son. She -was sometimes called Judix, which is a French corruption of the -Italian name. [Cousin Betty.] - -JUDITH. (See Mme. Genestas.) - -JULIEN, one of the turnkeys of the Conciergerie in 1830, during the -trial of Herrera--Vautrin--and Rubempre. [Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] - -JULIEN, probably a native of Champagne; a young man in 1839, and in -the service of Sub-Prefect Goulard, in Arcis-sur-Aube. He learned -through Anicette, and revealed to the Beauvisages and Mollots, the -Legitimist plots of the Chateau de Cinq-Cygne, where lived Georges de -Maufrigneuse, Daniel d'Arthez, Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, Diane de -Cadignan and Berthe de Maufrigneuse. [The Member for Arcis.] - -JULLIARD, head of the firm of Julliard in Paris, about 1806. At the -"Ver Chinois," rue Saint-Denis, he sold silk in bolls. Sylvie Rogron -was assistant saleswoman. Twenty years later he met her again in their -native country of Provins, where he had retired in 1815, the head of a -family grouped about the Guepins and the Guenees, thus forming three -great clans. [Pierrette.] - -JULLIARD, elder son of the preceding; married the only daughter of a -rich farmer and also conceived a platonic affection at Provins for -Melanie Tiphaine, the most beautiful woman of the official colony -during the Restoration. Julliard followed commerce and literature; he -maintained a stage line, and a journal christened "La Ruche," in which -latter he burned incense to Mme. Tiphaine. [Pierrette.] - -JUSSIEU (Julien), youthful conscript in the great draft of 1793. Sent -with a note for lodgment to the home of Mme. de Dey at Carentan, where -he was the innocent cause of that woman's sudden death; she was just -then expecting the return of her son, a Royalist hunted by the -Republican troops. [The Conscript.] - -JUSTE, born in 1811, studied medicine in Paris, and afterwards went to -Asia to practice. In 1836 he lived on rue Corneille with Charles -Rabourdin, when they helped the poverty-stricken Zephirin Marcas. [Z. -Marcas.] - -JUSTIN, old and experienced valet of the Vidame de Pamiers; was -secretly slain by order of Bourignard because he had discovered the -real name, but carefully concealed, of the father of Mme. Desmarets. -[The Thirteen.] - -JUSTINE, was maid to the Comtesse Foedora, in Paris, when her mistress -received calls from M. de Valentin. [The Magic Skin.] - - - - K - -KATT, a Flemish woman, the nurse of Lydie de la Peyrade, whom she -attended constantly in Paris on rue des Moineaux about 1829, and -during her mistress' period of insanity on Rue Honore Chevalier in -1840. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Middle Classes.] - -KELLER (Francois), one of the influential and wealthy Parisian -bankers, during a period extending perhaps from 1809 to 1839. As such, -in November, 1809, under the Empire, he was one of the guests at a -fine reception, given by Comte Malin de Gondreville, meeting there -Isemberg, Montcornet, Mesdames de Lansac and de Vandemont, and a mixed -company composed of members of the aristocracy and people illustrious -under the Empire. At this time, moreover, Francois Keller was in the -family of Malin de Gondreville, one of whose daughters he had married. -This marriage, besides making him the brother-in-law of the Marechal -de Carigliano, gave him assurance of the deputyship, which he obtained -in 1816 and held until 1836. The district electors of Arcis-sur-Aube -kept him in the legislature during that long period. Francois Keller -had, by his marriage with Mademoiselle de Gondreville, one son, -Charles, who died before his parents in the spring of 1839. As deputy, -Francois Keller became one of the most noted orators of the Left -Centre. He shone as a member of the opposition, especially from 1819 -to 1825. Adroitly he drew about himself the robe of philanthropy. -Politics never turned his attention from finance. Francois Keller, -seconded by his brother and partner, Adolphe Keller, refused to aid -the needy perfumer, Cesar Birotteau. Between 1821 and 1823 the -creditors of Guillaume Grandet, the bankrupt, unanimously selected him -and M. des Grassins of Saumur as adjusters. Despite his display of -Puritanical virtues, the private career of Francois Keller was not -spotless. In 1825 it was known that he had an illegitimate and costly -liaison with Flavie Colleville. Rallying to the support of the new -monarchy from 1830 to 1836, Francois Keller saw his Philippist zeal -rewarded in 1839. He exchanged his commission at the Palais-Bourbon -for a peerage, and received the title of count. [Domestic Peace. Cesar -Birotteau. Eugenie Grandet. The Government Clerks. The Member for -Arcis.] - -KELLER (Madame Francois), wife of the preceding; daughter of Malin de -Gondreville; mother of Charles Keller, who died in 1839. Under the -Restoration, she inspired a warm passion in the heart of the son of -the Duchesse de Marigny. [Domestic Peace. The Member for Arcis. The -Thirteen.] - -KELLER, (Charles), born in 1809, son of the preceding couple, grandson -of the Comte de Gondreville, nephew of the Marechale de Carigliano; -his life was prematurely ended in 1839, at a time when a brilliant -future seemed before him. As a major of staff at the side of the -Prince Royal, Ferdinand d'Orleans, he took the field in Algeria. His -bravery urged him on in pursuit of the Emir Abd-el-Kader, and he gave -up his life in the face of the enemy. Becoming viscount as a result of -the knighting of his father, and assured of the favors of the heir -presumptive to the throne, Charles Keller, at the moment when death -surprised him, was on the point of taking his seat in the Lower -Chamber; for the body of electors of the district of Arcis-sur-Aube -were almost sure to elect a man whom the Tuileries desired so -ardently. [The Member for Arcis.] - -KELLER (Adolphe), brother--probably younger--of Francois and his -partner; a very shrewd man, who was really in charge of the business, -a "regular lynx." On account of his intimate relations with Nucingen -and F. du Tillet, he flatly refused to aid Cesar Birotteau, who -implored his assistance. [The Middle Classes. Pierrette. Cesar -Birotteau.] - -KERGAROUET (Comte de), born about the middle of the eighteenth -century; of the Bretagne nobility; entered the navy, served long and -valiantly upon the sea, commanded the "Belle-Poule," and died a -vice-admiral. Possessor of a great fortune, by his charity he made -amends for the foulness of some of his youthful love affairs (1771 and -following), and at Paris, near the Madeleine, towards the beginning of -the nineteenth century, with much delicacy, he helped the Baronne -Leseigneur de Rouville. A little later, at the age of seventy-two, -having for a long time been a widower and retired from the navy, while -enjoying the hospitality of his relatives, the Fontaines and the -Planat de Baudrys, who lived in the neighborhood of Sceaux, Kergarouet -married his niece, one of the daughters of Fontaine. He died before -her. M. de Kergarouet was also a relative of the Portendueres and did -not forget them. [The Purse. The Ball at Sceaux. Ursule Mirouet.] - -KERGAROUET (Comtesse de). (See Vandenesse, Marquise Charles de.) - -KERGAROUET (Vicomte de), nephew of the Comte de Kergarouet, husband of -a Pen-Hoel, by whom he had four daughters. Evidently lived at Nantes -in 1836. [Beatrix.] - -KERGAROUET (Vicomtesse de), wife of the preceding, born at Pen-Hoel -in 1789; younger sister of Jacqueline; mother of four girls, very -affected woman and looked upon as such by Felicite des Touches and -Arthur de Rochefide. Lived in Nantes in 1836. [Beatrix.] - -KERGAROUET (Charlotte de), born in 1821, one of the daughters of the -preceding, grand-niece of the Comte de Kergarouet; of his four nieces -she was the favorite of the wealthy Jacqueline de Pen-Hoel; a -good-hearted little country girl; fell in love with Calyste du Guenic -in 1836, but did not marry him. [Beatrix.] - -KOLB, an Alsatian, served as "man of all work" at the home of the -Didots in Paris; had served in the cuirassiers. Under the Restoration -he became "printer's devil" in the establishment of David Sechard of -Angouleme, for whom he showed an untiring devotion, and whose servant, -Marion, he married. [Lost Illusions.] - -KOLB (Marion), wife of the preceding, with whom she became acquainted -while at the home of David Sechard. She was, at first, in the service -of the Angouleme printer, Jerome-Nicholas Sechard, for whom she had -less praise than for David. Marion Kolb was like her husband in her -constant, childlike devotion. [Lost Illusions.] - -KOUSKI, Polish lancer in the French Royal Guards, lived very unhappily -in 1815-16, but enjoyed life better the following year. At that time -he lived at Issoudun in the home of the wealthy Jean-Jacques Rouget, -and served the commandant, Maxence Gilet. The latter became the idol -of the grateful Kouski. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -KROPOLI (Zena), Montenegrin of Zahara, seduced in 1809 by the French -gunner, Auguste Niseron, by whom she had a daughter, Genevieve. One -year later, at Vincennes, France, she died as a result of her -confinement. The necessary marriage papers, which would have rendered -valid the situation of Zena Kropoli, arrived a few days after her -death. [The Peasantry.] - - - - L - -LA BASTIE (Monsieur, Madame and Mademoiselle de). (See Mignon.) - -LA BASTIE LA BRIERE (Ernest de), member of a good family of Toulouse, -born in 1802; very similar in appearance to Louis XIII.; from 1824 to -1829, private secretary to the minister of finances. On the advice of -Madame d'Espard, and thus being of service to Eleonore de Chaulieu, he -became secretary to Melchior de Canalis and, at the same time, -referendary of the Cour des Comptes. He became a chevalier of the -Legion of Honor. In 1829 he conducted for Canalis a love romance by -correspondence, the heroine of the affair being Marie-Modeste-Mignon -de la Bastie (of Havre). He played this part so successfully that she -fell in love and marriage was agreed upon. This union, which made him -the wealthy Vicomte de la Bastie la Briere, was effected the following -February in 1830. Canalis and the minister of 1824 were witnesses for -Ernest de la Briere, who fully deserved his good fortune. [The -Government Clerks. Modeste Mignon.] - -LA BASTIE LA BRIERE (Madame Ernest de), wife of the preceding, born -Marie-Modeste Mignon about 1809, younger daughter of Charles Mignon de -la Bastie and of Bettina Mignon de la Bastie--born Wallenrod. In 1829, -while living with her family at Havre, with the same love, evoked by a -passion for literature, which Bettina Brentano d'Arnim conceived for -Goethe, she fell in love with Melchior de Canalis; she wrote -frequently to the poet in secret, and he responded through the medium -of Ernest de la Briere; thus there sprang up between the young girl -and the secretary a mutual love which resulted in marriage. The -witnesses for Marie-Modeste Mignon were the Duc d'Herouville and -Doctor Desplein. As one of the most envied women in Parisian circles, -in the time of Louis Philippe, she became the close friend of Mesdames -de l'Estorade and Popinot. [Modeste Mignon. The Member for Arcis. -Cousin Betty.] La Bastie is sometimes written La Batie. - -LA BAUDRAYE[*] (Jean-Athanase-Polydore Milaud de), born in 1780 in -Berry, descended from the simple family of Milaud, recently enobled. -M. de la Baudraye's father was a good financier of pleasing -disposition; his mother was a Casteran la Tour. He was in poor health, -his weak constitution being the heritage left him by an immoral -father. His father, on dying, also left him a large number of notes to -which were affixed the noble signatures of the emigrated aristocracy. -His avarice aroused, Polydore de la Baudraye occupied himself, at the -time of the Restoration, with collecting these notes; he made frequent -trips to Paris; negotiated with Clement Chardin des Lupeaulx at the -Hotel de Mayence; obtained, under a promise, afterwards executed, to -sell them profitably, some positions and titles, and became -successively auditor of the seals, baron, officer of the Legion of -Honor and master of petitions. The individual receivership of -Sancerre, which became his also, was bought by Gravier. M. de la -Baudraye did not leave Sancerre; he married towards 1823 Mademoiselle -Dinah Piedefer, became a person of large property following his -acquisition to the castle and estate of Anzy, settled this property -with the title upon a natural son of his wife; he so worked upon her -feelings as to get from her the power of attorney and signature, -sailed for America, and became rich through a large patrimony left him -by Silas Piedefer--1836-42. At that time he owned in Paris a stately -mansion, on rue de l'Arcade, and upon winning back his wife, who had -left him, he placed her in it as mistress. He now became count, -commander of the Legion of Honor, and peer of France. Frederic de -Nucingen received him as such and served him as sponsor, when, in the -summer of 1842, the death of Ferdinand d'Orleans necessitated the -presence of M. de la Baudraye at Luxembourg. [The Muse of the -Department.] - -[*] The motto on the Baudraye coat-of-arms was: "Deo patet sic fides - et hominibus." - -LA BAUDRAYE (Madame Polydore Milaud de), wife of the preceding, born -Dinah Piedefer in 1807 or 1808 in Berry; daughter of the Calvinist, -Moise Piedefer; niece of Silas Piedefer, from whom she inherited a -fortune. She was brilliantly educated at Bourges, in the Chamarolles -boarding-school, with Anna de Fontaine, born Grosstete--1819. Five -years later, through personal ambition, she gave up Protestantism, -that she might gain the protection of the Cardinal-Archbishop of -Bourges, and a short time after her conversion she was married, about -1823. For thirteen consecutive years, at least, Madame de la Baudraye -reigned in the city of Sancerre and in her country-house, Chateau -d'Anzy, at Saint-Satur near by. Her court was composed of a strange -mixture of people: the Abbe Duret and Messieurs Clagny, Gravier, -Gatien Boirouge. At first, only Clagny and Duret know of the literary -attempts of Jan Diaz, pseudonym of Madame de la Baudraye, who had just -bought the artistic furniture of the Rougets of Issoudun, and who -invited and received two "Parisiens de Sancerre," Horace Bianchon and -Etienne Lousteau, in September 1836. A liaison followed with Etienne -Lousteau, with whom Madame de la Baudraye lived on rue des Martyrs in -Paris from 1837 to 1839. As a result of this union she had two sons, -recognized later by M. de la Baudraye. Madame de la Baudraye now -putting into use the talent, neglected during her love affair, became -a writer. She wrote "A Prince of Bohemia," founded on an anecodote -related to her by Raoul Nathan, and probably published this novel. The -fear of endless scandal, the entreaties of husband and mother, and the -unworthiness of Lousteau, finally led Dinah de la Baudraye to rejoin -her husband, who owned an elegant mansion on rue de l'Arcade. This -return, which took place in May, 1842, surprised Madame d'Espard, a -woman who was not easily astonished. Paris of the reign of Louis -Philippe often quoted Dinah de la Baudraye and paid considerable -attention to her. During this same year, 1842, she assisted in the -first presentation of Leon Gozlan's drama, "The Right Hand and the -Left Hand," given at the Odeon. [The Muse of the Department. A Prince -of Bohemia. Cousin Betty.] - -LA BERGE (De), confessor of Madame de Mortsauf at Clochegourde, strict -and virtuous. He died in 1817, mourned on account of his "apostolic -strength," by his patron, who appointed as his successor the -over-indulgent Francois Birotteau. [The Lily of the Valley.] - -LA BERTELLIERE, father of Madame la Gaudiniere, grandfather of Madame -Felix Grandet, was lieutenant in the French Guards; he died in 1806, -leaving a large fortune. He considered investments a "waste of money." -Nearly twenty years later his portrait was still hanging in the hall -of Felix Grandet's house at Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -LA BILLARDIERE (Anthanase-Jean-Francoise-Michel, Baron Flamet de), son -of a counselor in the Parliament of Bretagne, took part in the Vendean -wars as a captain under the name of Nantais, and as negotiator played -a singular part at Quiberon. The Restoration rewarded the services of -this unintelligent member of the petty nobility, whose Catholicism was -more lukewarm than his love of monarchy. He became mayor of the second -district of Paris, and division-chief in the Bureau of Finances, -thanks to his kinship with a deputy on the Right. He was one of the -guests at the famous ball given by his deputy, Cesar Birotteau, whom -he had known for twenty years. On his death-bed, at the close of -December, 1824, he had designated, although without avail, as his -successor, Xavier Rabourdin, one of the division-chiefs and real -director of the bureau of which La Billiardiere was the nominal head. -The newspapers published obituaries of the deceased. The short notice -prepared jointly by Chardin des Lupeaulx, J.-J. Bixiou and F. du -Bruel, enumerated the many titles and decorations of Flamet de la -Billardiere, gentleman of the king's bedchamber, etc., etc. [The -Chouans. Cesar Birotteau. The Government Clerks.] - -LA BILLARDIERE (Benjamin, Chevalier de), son of the preceding, born in -1802. He was a companion of the young Vicomte de Portenduere in 1824, -being at the time a rich supernumerary in the office of Isidore -Baudoyer under the division of his father, Flamet de la Billardiere. -His insolence and foppishness gave little cause for regret when he -left the Bureau of Finances for the Department of Seals in the latter -part of the same year, 1824, that marked the expected and unlamented -death of Baron Flamet de la Billardiere. [The Government Clerks.] - -LA BLOTTIERE (Mademoiselle Merlin de), under the Restoration, a kind -of dowager and canoness at Tours; in company with Mesdames Pauline -Salomon de Villenoix and de Listomere, upheld, received and welcomed -Francois Birotteau. [The Vicar of Tours.] - -LABRANCHOIR (Comte de), owner of an estate in Dauphine under the -Restoration, and, as such, a victim of the depredations of the -poacher, Butifer. [The Country Doctor.] - -LA BRIERE (Ernest de). (See La Bastie la Briere.) - -LACEPEDE (Comte de), a celebrated naturalist, born at Agen in 1756, -died at Paris in 1825. Grand chancelor of the Legion of Honor for -several years towards the beginning of the nineteenth century. This -well-known philosopher was invited to Cesar Birotteau's celebrated -ball, December 17, 1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -LA CHANTERIE (Le Chantre de), of a Norman family dating from the -crusade of Philippe Auguste, but which had fallen into obscurity by -the end of the eighteenth century; he owned a small fief between Caen -and Saint-Lo. M. le Chantre de la Chanterie had amassed in the -neighborhood of three hundred thousand crowns by supplying the royal -armies during the Hanoverian war. He died during the Revolution, but -before the Terror. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -LA CHANTERIE (Baron Henri Le Chantre de), born in 1763, son of the -preceding, shrewd, handsome and seductive. When master of petitions in -the Grand Council of 1788, he married Mademoiselle Barbe-Philiberte de -Champignelles. Ruined during the Restoration through having lost his -position and thrown away his inheritance, Henri Le Chantre de la -Chanterie became one of the most cruel presidents of the revolutionary -courts and was the terror of Normandie. Imprisoned after the ninth -Thermidor, he owed his escape to his wife, by means of an exchange of -clothing. He did not see her more than three times during eight years, -the last meeting being in 1802, when, having become a bigamist, he -returned to her home to die of a disgraceful disease, leaving, at the -same time, a second wife, likewise ruined. This last fact was not made -public until 1804. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -LA CHANTERIE (Baronne Henri Le Chantre de), wife of the preceding, -born Barbe-Philiberte de Champignelles in 1772, a descendant of one of -the first families of Lower Normandie. Married in 1788, she received -in her home, fourteen years later, the dying man whose name she bore, -a bigamist fleeing from justice. By him she had a daughter, Henriette, -who was executed in 1809 for having been connected with the Chauffeurs -in Orne. Unjustly accused herself, and imprisoned in the frightful -Bicetre of Rouen, the baroness began to instruct in morals the sinful -women among whom she found herself thrown. The fall of the Empire was -her deliverance. Twenty years later, being part owner of a house in -Paris, Madame de la Chanterie undertook the training of Godefroid. She -was then supporting a generous private philanthropic movement, with -the help of Manon Godard and Messieurs de Veze, de Montauran, Mongenod -and Alain. Madame de la Chanterie aided the Bourlacs and the Mergis, -an impoverished family of magistrates who had persecuted her in 1809. -Her Christian works were enlarged upon. In 1843 the baroness became -head of a charitable organization which was striving to consecrate, -according to law and religion, the relations of those living in free -union. To this end she selected one member of the society, Adeline -Hulot d'Ervy, and sent her to Passage du Soleil, then a section of -Petite-Pologne, to try to bring about the marriage of Vyder--Hector -Hulot d'Ervy--and Atala Judici. [The Seamy Side of History. Cousin -Betty.] The Revolution having done away with titles, Madame de la -Chanterie called herself momentarily Madame, or Citizeness, Lechantre. - -LACROIX, restaurant-keeper on Place du Marche, Issoudun, 1822, in -whose house the Bonapartist officers celebrated the crowning of the -Emperor. On December 2, of the same year, the duel between Philippe -Bridau and Maxence took place after the entertainment. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -LAFERTE (Nicolas). (See Cochegrue, Jean.) - -LA GARDE (Madame de). (See Aquilina.) - -LA GAUDINIERE (Madame), born La Bertelliere, mother of Madame Felix -Grandet; very avaricious; died in 1806; leaving the Felix Grandets an -inheritance, "the amount of which no one knew." [Eugenie Grandet.] - -LAGINSKI (Comte Adam Mitgislas), a wealthy man who had been -proscribed, belonged to one of the oldest and most illustrious -families of Poland, and counted among his relations the Sapiehas, the -Radziwills, the Mniszechs, the Rezwuskis, the Czartoriskis, the -Lecszinskis, and the Lubomirskis. He had relations in the German -nobility and his mother was a Radziwill. Young, plain, yet with a -certain distinguished bearing, with an income of eighty thousand -francs, Laginski was a leading light in Paris, during the reign of -Louis Philippe. After the Revolution of July, while still -unsophisticated, he attended an entertainment at the home of Felicite -des Touches in Chaussee-d'Antin on rue du Mont-Blanc, and had the -opportunity of listening to the delightful chats between Henri de -Marsay and Emile Blondet. Comte Adam Laginski, during the autumn of -1835, married the object of his affections, Mademoiselle Clementine du -Rouvre, niece of the Ronquerolles. The friendship of his steward, Paz, -saved him from the ruin into which his creole-like carelessness, his -frivolity and his recklessness were dragging him. He lived in perfect -contentment with his wife, ignorant of the domestic troubles which -were kept from his notice. Thanks to the devotion of Paz and of Madame -Laginska, he was cured of a malady which had been pronounced fatal by -Doctor Horace Bianchon. Comte Adam Laginski lived on rue de la -Pepiniere, now absorbed in part by rue de la Boetie. He occupied one -of the most palatial and artistic houses of the period, so called, of -Louis Philippe. He attended the celebration given in 1838 at the first -opening of Josepha Mirah's residence on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. In -this same year he attended the wedding of Wenceslas Steinbock. -[Another Study of Woman. The Imaginary Mistress. Cousin Betty.] - -LAGINSKA (Comtesse Adam), born Clementine du Rouvre in 1816, wife of -the preceding, niece, on her mother's side, of the Marquis de -Ronquerolles and of Madame de Serizy. She was one of the charming -group of young women, which included Mesdames de l'Estorade, de -Portenduere, Marie de Vandenesse, du Guenic and de Maufrigneuse. -Captain Paz was secretly in love with the countess, who, becoming -aware of her steward's affection, ended by having very nearly the same -kind of feeling for him. The unselfish virtue of Paz was all that -saved her; not only at this juncture, but in another more dangerous -one, when he rescued her from M. de la Palferine, who was escorting -her to the Opera ball and who was on the point of taking her to a -private room in a restaurant--January, 1842. [The Imaginary Mistress.] - -LAGOUNIA (Perez de), woolen-draper at Tarragone in Catalonia, in the -time of Napoleon, under obligations to La Marana. He reared as his own -daughter, in a very pious manner, Juana, a child of the celebrated -Italian courtesan, until her mother visited her, during the time of -the French occupation in 1808. [The Maranas.] - -LAGOUNIA (Donna de), wife of the preceding, divided with him the care -of Juana Marana until the girl's mother came to Tarragone at the time -it was sacked by the French. [The Maranas.] - -LA GRAVE (Mesdemoiselles), kept a boarding-house in 1824 on rue -Notre-Dame-des Champs in Paris. In this house M. and Madame Phellion -gave lessons. [The Government Clerks.] - -LAGUERRE (Mademoiselle), given name, probably, Sophie, born in 1740, -died in 1815, one of the most celebrated courtesans of the eighteenth -century; opera singer, and fervent follower of Piccini. In 1790, -frightened by the march of public affairs, she established herself at -the Aigues, in Bourgogne, property procured for her by Bouret, from -its former owner. Before Buoret, the grandfather of La Palferine, -entertained her, and she brought about his ruin. The recklessness of -this woman, surrounded as she was by such notorious knaves as -Gaubertin, Fourchon, Tonsard, and Madame Soudry, prepared no little -trouble for Montcornet, the succeeding proprietor. Sophie Laguerre's -fortune was divided among eleven families of poor farmers, all living -in the neighborhood of Amiens, who were ignorant of their relationship -with her. [The Peasantry. A Prince of Bohemia.] M. H. Gourdon de -Genouillac wrote a biography of the singer, containing many details -which are at variance with the facts here cited. Among other things we -are told that the given name of Mademoiselle Laguerre was Josephine -and not Sophie. - -LA HAYE (Mademoiselle de). (See Petit-Claud, Madame.) - -LAMARD, probably a rival of Felix Gaudissart. In a cafe in Blois, May, -1831, he praised the well-known commercial traveler, who treated him, -nevertheless, as a "little cricket." [Gaudissart the Great.] - -LAMBERT (Louis), born in 1797 at Montoire in Loire-et-Cher. Only son -of simple tanners, who did not try to counteract his inclination, -shown when a mere child, for study. He was sent in 1807 to Lefebvre, a -maternal uncle, who was vicar of Mer, a small city on the Loire near -Blois. Under the kindly care of Madame de Stael, he was a student in -the college of Vendome from 1811 to 1814. Lambert met there Barchon de -Penhoen and Jules Dufaure. He was apparently a poor scholar, but -finally developed into a prodigy; he suffered the persecutions of -Father Haugoult, by whose brutal hands his "Treatise on the Will," -composed during class hours, was seized and destroyed. The -mathematician had already doubled his capacity by becoming a -philosopher. His comrades had named him Pythagoras. His course -completed, and his father being dead, Louis Lambert lived for two -years at Blois, with Lefebvre, until, growing desirous of seeing -Madame de Stael, he journeyed to Paris on foot, arriving July 14, -1817. Not finding his illustrious benefactress alive, he returned home -in 1820. During these three years Lambert lived the life of a workman, -became a close friend of Meyraux, and was cherished and admired as a -member of the Cenacle on rue des Quatre-Vents, which was presided over -by Arthez. Once more he went to Blois, journeyed over Touraine, and -became acquainted with Pauline Salomon de Villenoix, whom he loved -with a passion that was reciprocated. He had suffered from brain -trouble previous to their engagement, and as the wedding day -approached the disease grew constantly worse, although occasionally -there were periods of relief. During one of these good periods, in -1822, Lambert met the Cambremers at Croisic, and on the suggestion of -Pauline de Villenoix, he made a study of their history. The malady -returned, but was interrupted occasionally by outburts of beautiful -thought, the fragments of which were collected by Mademoiselle -Salomon. Louis had likewise occasional fits of insanity. He believed -himself powerless and wished, one day, to perform on his own body -Origene's celebrated operation. Lambert died September 25, 1824, the -day before the date selected for his marriage with Pauline. [Louis -Lambert. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Seaside Tragedy.] - -LAMBERT (Madame), lived in Paris in 1840. She was then at a very pious -age, "played the saint," and performed the duties of housekeeper for -M. Picot, professor of mathematics, No. 9, rue du Val-de-Grace. In the -service of this old philosopher she reaped enormous profits. Madame -Lambert hypocritically took advantage of her apparent devotion to him. -She sought Theodose de la Peyrade, and begged him to write a memorial -to the Academy in her favor, for she longed to receive the reward -offered by Montyon. At the same time she put into La Peyrade's keeping -twenty-five thousand francs, which she had accumulated by her -household thefts. On this occasion, Madame Lambert seems to have been -the secret instrument of Corentin, the famous police-agent. [The -Middle Classes.] - -LANGEAIS (Duc de), a refugee during the Restoration, who planned, at -the time of the Terror, by correspondence with the Abbe de Marolles -and the Marquis de Beauseant to help escape from Paris, where they -were in hiding, two nuns, one of whom, Sister Agathe, was a Langeais. -[An Episode Under the Terror.] In 1812 Langeais married Mademoiselle -Antoinette de Navarreins, who was then eighteen years old. He allowed -his wife every liberty, and, neither abandoning any of his habits, nor -giving up any of his pleasures, he lived, indeed, apart from her. In -1818 Langeais commanded a division in the army and occupied a position -at court. He died in 1823. [The Thirteen.] - -LANGEAIS (Duchesse Antoinette de),[*] wife of the preceding, daughter -of the Duc de Navarreins; born in 1794; reared by the Princesse de -Blamont-Chauvry, her aunt; grand-niece of the Vidame de Pamiers; niece -of the Duc de Grandlieu by her marriage. Very beautiful and -intelligent, Madame de Langeais reigned in Paris at the beginning of -the Restoration. In 1819 her best friend was the Vicomtesse Claire de -Beauseant, whom she wounded cruelly, for her own amusement, calling on -her one morning for the express purpose of announcing the marriage of -the Marquis d'Ajuda-Pinto. Of this pitiless proceeding she repented -later, and asked pardon, moreover, of the foresaken woman. Soon -afterwards the Duchesse de Langeais had the pleasure of captivating -the Marquis de Montriveau, playing for him the role of Celimene and -making him suffer greatly. He had his revenge, however, for, scorned -in her turn, or believing herself scorned, she suddenly disappeared -from Paris, after having scandalized the whole Saint-Germain community -by remaining in her carriage for a long time in front of the -Montriveau mansion. Some bare-footed Spanish Carmelites received her -on their island in the Mediterranean, where she became Sister Therese. -After prolonged searching Montriveau found her, and, in the presence -of the mother-superior, had a conversation with her as she stood -behind the grating. Finally he managed to carry her off--dead. In this -bold venture the marquis was aided by eleven of The Thirteen, among -them being Ronquerolles and Marsay. The duchess, having lost her -husband, was free at the time of her death in 1824. [Father Goriot. -The Thirteen.] - -[*] At the Vaudeville and Gaite theatres in Paris, Ancelot and Alexis - Decomberousse at the former, and Messieurs Ferdinand Dugue and - Peaucellier at the latter, brought out plays founded on the life - of Antoinette de Langeais, in 1834 and 1868 respectively. - -LANGEAIS (Mademoiselle de). (See Agathe, Sister.) - -LANGLUME, miller, a jolly impulsive little man, in 1823 deputy-mayor -of Blangy in Bourgogne, at the time of the political, territorial and -financial contests of which the country was the theatre, with Rigou -and Montcornet as actors. He was of great service to Genevieve -Niseron's paternal grandfather. [The Peasantry.] - -LANGUET, vicar, built Saint-Sulpice, and was an acquaintance of -Toupillier, who asked alms in 1840 at the doors of this church in -Paris, which since 1860 has been one of the sixth ward parish -churches. [The Middle Classes.] - -LANSAC (Duchesse de), of the younger branch of the Parisian house of -Navarreins, 1809, the proud woman who shone under Louis XV. The -Duchesse de Lansac, in November of the same year, consented, one -evening, to meet Isemberg, Montcornet, and Martial de la Roche-Hugon -in Malin de Gondreville's house, for the purpose of conciliating her -nephew and niece in their domestic quarrel. [Domestic Peace.] - -LANTIMECHE, born in 1770. In 1840, at Paris, a penniless journeyman -locksmith and inventor, he went to the money-lender, Cerizet, on rue -des Poules, to borrow a hundred francs. [The Middle Classes.] - -LANTY (Comte de), owner of an expensive mansion near the -Elysee-Bourbon, which he had bought from the Marechal de Carigliano. -He gave there under the Restoration some magnificent entertainments, -at which were present the upper classes of Parisian society, ignorant, -though they were, of the count's lineage. Lanty, who was a mysterious -man, passed for a clever chemist. He had married the rich niece of the -peculiar eunuch, Zambinella, by whom he had two children, Marianina -and Filippo. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] - -LANTY (Comtesse de), wife of the preceding, born in 1795, niece and -likewise adopted daughter of the wealthy eunuch, Zambinella, was the -mistress of M. de Maucombe, by whom she had a daughter, Marianina de -Lanty. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] - -LANTY (Marianina de), daughter of the preceding and according to law -of the Comte de Lanty, although she was in reality the daughter of M. -de Maucombe; born in 1809. She bore a striking resemblance to her -sister, Renee de l'Estorade, born Maucombe. In 1825 she concealed, and -lavished care on her great-uncle, Zambinella. During her parents' -sojourn in Rome she took lessons in sculpture of Charles Dorlange, who -afterwards, in 1839, became a member for Arcis, under the name of -Comte de Sallenauve. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] - -LANTY (Filippo de), younger brother of the preceding, second child of -the Comte and the Comtesse de Lanty. Being young and handsome he was -an attendant at the fetes given by his parents during the Restoration. -By his marriage, which took place under Louis Philippe, he became -allied with the family of a German grand duke. [Sarrasine. The Member -for Arcis.] - -LA PALFERINE -(Gabriel-Jean-Anne-Victor-Benjamin-Georges-Ferdinand-Charles-Edouard-Rusticoli, -Comte de), born in 1802; of an ancient Italian family which had become -impoverished; grandson on the paternal side of one of the protectors -of Josephine-Sophie Laguerre; descended indirectly from the Comtesse -Albany--whence his given name of Charles-Edouard. He had in his veins -the mixed blood of the condottiere and the gentleman. Under Louis -Philippe, idle and fast going to ruin, with his Louis XIII. cast of -countenance, his evil-minded wit, his lofty independent manners, -insolent yet winning, he was a type of the brilliant Bohemian of the -Boulevard de Gand; so much so, that Madame de la Baudraye, basing her -information on points furnished her by Nathan, one day drew a picture -of him, writing a description in which artificiality and artlessness -were combined. In this were many interesting touches: La Palferine's -contempt shown at all times for the bourgeois class and forms of -government; the request for the return of his toothbrush, then in the -possession of a deserted mistress, Antonia Chocardelle; his relations -with Madame du Bruel, whom he laid siege to, won, and neglected--a -yielding puppet, of whom, strange to say, he broke the heart and made -the fortune. He lived at that time in the Roule addition, in a plain -garret, where he was in the habit of receiving Zephirin Marcas. The -wretchedness of his quarters did not keep La Palferine out of the -best society, and he was the guest of Josepha Mirah at the first -entertainment given in her house on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. By a -strange order of events, Comte Rusticoli became Beatrix de Rochefide's -lover, a few years after the events just narrated, at a time when -the Debats published a novel by him which was spoken of far and wide. -Nathan laid the foundation for this affair. Trailles, -Charles-Edouard's master, carried on the negotiations and brought the -intrigue to a consummation, being urged on by the Abbe Brossette's -assent and the Duchesse de Grandlieu's request. La Palferine's -liaison with Madame de Rochefide effected a reconciliation between -Calyste du Guenic and his wife. In the course of time, however, -Comte Rusticoli deserted Beatrix and sent her back to her husband, -Arthur de Rochefide. During the winter of 1842 La Palferine was -attracted to Madame de Laginska, had some meetings with her, but -failed in this affair through the intervention of Thaddee Paz. [A -Prince of Bohemia. A Man of Business. Cousin Betty. Beatrix. The -Imaginary Mistress.] - -LA PEYRADE (Charles-Marie-Theodose de), born near Avignon in 1813, one -of eleven children of the police-agent Peyrade's youngest brother, who -lived in poverty on a small estate called Canquoelle; a bold -Southerner of fair skin; given to reflection; ambitious, tactful and -astute. In 1829 he left the department of Vaucluse and went to Paris -on foot in search of Peyrade who, he had reason to believe, was -wealthy, but of whose business he was ignorant. Theodose departed -through the Barriere d'Enfer, which has been destroyed since 1860, at -the moment when Jacques Collin murdered his uncle. At that time he -entered a house of ill-fame, where he had unwittingly for mistress -Lydie Peyrade, his full-blooded cousin. Theodose then lived for three -years on a hundred louis which Corentin had secretly given to him. On -giving him the money, the national chief of police quietly advised him -to become an attorney. Journalism, however, at first, seemed a -tempting career to M. de la Peyrade, and he went into politics, -finally becoming editor of a paper managed by Cerizet. The failure of -this journal left Theodose once more very poor. Nevertheless, through -Corentin, who secretly paid the expenses of his studies, he was able -to begin and continue a course in law. Once licensed, M. de la Peyrade -became a barrister and professing to be entirely converted to -Socialism, he freely pleaded the cause of the poor before the -magistrate of the eleventh or twelfth district. He occupied the third -story of the Thuillier house on rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer. He fell -into the hands of Dutocq and Cerizet and suffered under the pressure -of these grasping creditors. Theodose now decided that he would marry -M. Thuillier's natural daughter, Mademoiselle Celeste Colleville, but, -with Felix Phellion's love to contend with, despite the combined -support, gained with difficulty, of Madame Colleville and of M. and -Mademoiselle Thuillier, he failed through Corentin's circumvention. -His marriage with Lydie Peyrade repaired the wrong which he had -formerly done unwittingly. As successor to Corentin he became national -chief-of-police in 1840. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Middle -Classes.] - -LA PEYRADE (Madame de), first cousin and wife of the preceding, born -Lydie Peyrade in 1810, natural daughter of the police officer Peyrade -and of Mademoiselle Beaumesnil; passed her childhood successively in -Holland and in Paris, on rue des Moineaux, whence, Jacques Collin, -thirsting for revenge, abducted her during the Restoration. Being -somewhat in love, at that time, with Lucien de Rubempre she was taken -to a house of ill-fame, Peyrade being at the time very ill. Upon her -departure she was insane. Her own cousin, Theodose de la Peyrade, had -been her lover there, fortuitously and without dreaming that they were -blood relatives. Corentin adopted this insane girl, who was a talented -musician and singer, and at his home on rue Honore-Chevalier, in 1840, -he arranged for both the cure and the marriage of his ward. [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life. The Middle Classes.] - -LA POURAILLE, usual surname of Dannepont. - -LARAVINIERE, tavern-keeper in Western France, lodged "brigands" who -had armed themselves as Royalists under the first Empire. He was -condemned, either by Bourlac or Mergi, to five years in prison. [The -Seamy Side of History.] - -LARDOT (Madame), born in 1771, lived in Alencon in 1816 on rue du -Cours--a street still bearing the same name. She was a laundress, and -took as boarders a relative named Grevin and the Chevalier de Valois. -She had among her employes Cesarine and Suzanne, afterwards Madame -Theodore Gaillard. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -LAROCHE, born in 1763 at Blangy in Bourgogne, was, in 1823, an aged -vine-dresser, who felt a calm, relentless hatred for the rich, -especially the Montcornets, occupants of Aigues. [The Peasantry.] - -LA ROCHE (Sebastien de), born early in the nineteenth century, was -probably the son of an unpretentious, retired Treasury clerk. In -December, 1824, he found himself in Paris, poor, but capable and -zealous, as a supernumerary in the office of Xavier Rabourdin of the -Department of Finance. He lived with his widowed mother in the busiest -part of Marais on rue du Roi-Dore. M. and Madame Rabourdin received -and gave him assistance by preparing a copy of a rare and mysterious -government work. The discovery of this book by Dutocq unfortunately -resulted in the discharge of both chief and clerk. [The Government -Clerks.] - -LA ROCHE-GUYON (De), the eldest of one of the oldest families in the -section of Orne, at one time connected with the Esgrignons, who -visited them frequently. In 1805 he sued vainly, through Maitre -Chesnel, for the hand of Armande d'Esgrignon. [Jealousies of a Country -Town.] - -LA ROCHE-HUGON (Martial de), shrewd, turbulent and daring Southerner, -had a long and brilliant administrative career in politics. Even in -1809 the Council of State employed him as one of the masters of -petitions. Napoleon Bonaparte was patron of this young Provencal. -Also, in November of the same year, Martial was invited to the fete -given by Malin de Gondreville--a celebration which the Emperor was -vainly expected to attend. Montcornet was present, also the Duchesse -de Lansac, who succeeded in bringing about a reconciliation between -her nephew and niece, M. and Madame de Soulanges. M. de la -Roche-Hugon's mistress, Madame de Vaudremont, was also in attendance -at this ball. For five years he had enjoyed a close friendship with -Montcornet, and this bond was lasting. In 1815 the securing of Aigues -for Montcornet was undertaken by Martial, who had served as prefect -under the Empire, and retained his office under the Bourbons. Thus -from 1821 to 1823 M. de la Roche-Hugon was at the head of the -department in Bourgogne, which contained Aigues and Ville-aux-Fayes, -M. des Lupeaulx's sub-prefecture. A dismissal from this office, to -which the Comte de Casteran succeeded, threw Martial into the -opposition among the Liberalists, but this was for a short time, as he -soon accepted an embassy. Louis Philippe's government honored M. de la -Roche-Hugon by making him minister, ambassador, and counselor of -state. Eugene de Rastignac, who had favored him before, now gave him -one of his sisters in marriage. Several children resulted from this -union. Martial continued to remain influential and associated with the -popular idols of the time, M. and Madame de l'Estorade. His relations -with the national chief of police, Corentin, in 1840, were also -indicative of his standing. As a deputy the next year M. de la -Roche-Hugon probably filled the directorship in the War Department, -left vacant by Hector Hulot. [Domestic Peace. The Peasantry. A -Daughter of Eve. The Member for Arcis. The Middle Classes. Cousin -Betty.] - -LA ROCHE-HUGON (Madame Martial de). (See Rastignac, Mesdemoiselles -de.) - -LA RODIERE (Stephanie de). (See Nueil, Madame Gaston de.) - -LA ROULIE (Jacquin), chief huntsman of the Prince de Cadignan, took -part with his master, in 1829, in the exciting hunt given in -Normandie, in which as spectators or riders were the Mignons de la -Bastie, the Maufrigneuses, the Herouvilles, M. de Canalis, Eleonore de -Chaulieu and Ernest de la Briere. Jacquin la Roulie was at that time -an old man and a firm believer in the French school; he had an -argument with John Barry, another guest, who defended English -principles. [Modeste Mignon.] - -LARSONNIERE (M. and Madame de), formed the aristocracy of the little -city of Saumur, of which Felix Grandet had been mayor in the years -just previous to the First Empire. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -LA THAUMASSIERE (De), grandson of the Berry historian, a young -land-owner, the dandy of Sancerre. While present in Madame de la -Baudraye's parlor, he had the misfortune to yawn during an exposition -which she was giving, for the fourth time, of Kant's philosophy; he -was henceforth looked upon as a man completely lacking in -understanding and in soul. [The Muse of the Department.] - -LATOURNELLE (Simon-Babylas), born in 1777, was notary at Havre, where -he had bought the most extensive practice for one hundred thousand -francs, lent him in 1817 by Charles Mignon de la Bastie. He married -Mademoiselle Agnes Labrosse, having by her one son, Exupere. He -remained the intimate friend of his benefactors, the Mignons. [Modeste -Mignon.] - -LATOURNELLE (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Agnes Labrosse, -daughter to the clerk of the court of first instance at Havre. Tall -and ungainly of figure, a bourgeoise of rather ancient tastes, at the -same time good-hearted, she had somewhat late in life, by her -marriage, a son whose given name was Exupere. She entertained Jean -Butscha. Madame Latournelle was a frequent visitor of the Mignons de -la Bastie, and at all times testified her affection for them. [Modeste -Mignon.] - -LATOURNELLE (Exupere), son of the preceding couple, went with them to -visit the Mignons de la Bastie, towards the end of the Restoration. He -was then a tall, insignificant young man. [Modeste Mignon.] - -LAUDIGEOIS, married, head of a family, typical petty bourgeois, -employed during the Restoration by the mayor of the eleventh or -twelfth ward in Paris, a position from which he was unjustly expelled -by Colleville in 1840. In 1824 an intimate neighbor of the Phellions, -and exactly like them in morals, he attended their informal card-party -on Thursday evening. Laudigeois, introduced by the Phellions, finally -became a close friend of the Thuilliers, during the reign of Louis -Philippe. His civil statistical record should be corrected, as his -name in several of the papers is spelled Leudigeois. [The Government -Clerks. The Middle Classes.] - -LAURE, given name of a sweet and charming young peasant girl, who took -Servin's course in painting at Paris in 1815. She protected Ginevra di -Piombo, an affectionate friend, who was her elder. [The Vendetta.] - -LAURENT, a Savoyard, Antoine's nephew; husband of an expert laundress -of laces, mender of cashmeres, etc. In 1824 he lived with them and -their relative, Gabriel, in Paris. In the evening he was door-keeper -in a subsidized theatre; in the daytime he was usher in the Bureau of -Finance. In this position Laurent was first to learn of the worldly -and official success attained by Celestine Rabourdin, when she -attempted to have Xavier appointed successor to Flamet de la -Billardiere. [The Government Clerks.] - -LAURENT, Paris, 1815, M. Henri de Marsay's servant, equal to the -Frontins of the old regime; was able to obtain for his master, through -the mail-carrier, Moinot, the address of Paquita Valdes and other -information about her. [The Thirteen.] - -LAVIENNE, Jean-Jules Popinot's servant in Paris, rue du Fouarre, 1828; -"made on purpose for his master," whom he aided in his active -philanthropy by redeeming and renewing pledges given to the -pawnbrokers. He took the place of his master in Palais de Justice -during the latter's absence. [The Commission in Lunacy.] - -LAVRILLE, famous naturalist, employed in the Jardin des Plantes, and -dwelling on rue de Buffon, Paris, 1831. Consulted as to the shagreen, -the enlargement of which was so passionately desired by Raphael de -Valentin, Lavrille could do nothing more than talk on the subject and -sent the young man to Planchette, the professor of mechanics. -Lavrille, "the grand mogul of zoology," reduced science to a catalogue -of names. He was then preparing a monograph on the duck family. [The -Magic Skin.] - -LEBAS (Joseph), born in 1779, a penniless orphan, he was assisted and -employed in Paris, first by the Guillaumes, cloth-merchants on rue -Saint-Denis, at the Cat and Racket. Under the First Empire he married -Virginie,[*] the elder of his employer's daughters, although he was in -love with the younger, Mademoiselle Augustine. He succeeded the -Guilliaumes in business. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] During -the first years of the Restoration he presided over the Tribunal of -Commerce. Joseph Lebas, who was intimate with M. and Madame Birotteau, -attended their ball with his wife. He also strove for Cesar's -rehabilitation. [Cesar Birotteau.] During the reign of Louis Philippe, -having for an intimate friend Celestin Crevel, he retired from -business and lived at Corbeil. [Cousin Betty.] - -[*] The names of Virginie and Augustine are confused in the original - text. - -LEBAS (Madame Joseph), wife of the preceding, born Virginie Guillaume -in 1784, elder of Guillaume's daughters, lived at the Cat and Racket; -the counterpart, physically and morally, of her mother. Under the -First Empire, at the parish church of Saint-Leu, Paris, her marriage -took place on the same day that her younger sister, Augustine de -Sommervieux, was wedded. The love which she felt for her husband was -not reciprocated. She viewed with indifference her sister's -misfortunes, became intimate in turn with the Birotteaus and the -Crevels; and, having retired from business, spent her last days in the -middle of Louis Philippe's reign at Corbeil. [At the Sign of the Cat -and Racket. Cesar Birotteau. Cousin Betty.] - -LEBAS, probably a son of the preceding. In 1836 first assistant of the -king's solicitor at Sancerre; two years later counselor to the court -of Paris. In 1838 he would have married Hortense Hulot if Crevel had -not prevented the match. [The Muse of the Department. Cousin Betty.] - -LEBOEUF, for a long time connected with the prosecuting attorney at -Nantes, being president of the court there in the latter part of Louis -Philippe's reign. He was well acquainted with the Camusot de -Marvilles, and knew Maitre Fraisier, who claimed his acquaintance in -1845. [Cousin Pons.] - -LEBRUN, sub-lieutenant, then captain in the Seventy-second -demi-brigade, commanded by Hulot during the war against the Chouans -in 1799. [The Chouans.] - -LEBRUN, division-chief in the War Department in 1838. Marneffe was one -of his employes. [Cousin Betty.] - -LEBRUN, protege, friend and disciple of Doctor Bouvard. Being a -physician at the prison in May, 1830, he was called upon to establish -the death of Lucien de Rubempre. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] In -1845 Lebrun was chief physician of the Parisian boulevard theatre, -managed by Felix Gaudissart. [Cousin Pons.] - -LECAMUS (Baron de Tresnes), counselor to the royal court of Paris, -lived, in 1816, rue Chanoinesse, with Madame de la Chanterie. Known -there by the name of Joseph, he was a Brother of Consolation in -company with Montauran, Alain, Abbe de Veze and Godefroid. [The Seamy -Side of History.] - -LECHESNEAU, through the influence of Cambaceres and Bonaparte, -appointed attorney-general in Italy, but as a result of his many -disreputable love-affairs, despite his real capacity for -office-holding, he was forced to give up his position. Between the -end of the Republic and the beginning of the Empire he became head -of the grand jury at Troyes. Lechesneau, who had been repeatedly -bribed by Senator Malin, had to occupy himself in 1806 with the -Hauteserre-Simeuse-Michu affair. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -LECLERQ, native of Bourgogne, commissioner for the vinters in the -department to which Ville-aux-Fayes, a sub-prefecture of this same -province, belonged. He was of service to Gaubertin, Madame Soudry, -also Rigon, perhaps, and was in turn under obligations to them. Having -arranged a partnership he founded the house of "Leclerq & Company," on -Quai de Bethune, Ile Saint-Louis, Paris, in competition with the -well-known house of Grandet. In 1815 Leclerq married Jenny Gaubertin. -As a banker he dealt in wine commissions, and became regent of the -National Bank. During the Restoration he represented as deputy on the -Left Centre the district of Ville-aux-Fayes, and not far from the -sub-prefecture, in 1823, bought a large estate, which brought thirty -thousand francs rental. [The Peasantry.] - -LECLERQ (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Jenny Gaubertin, eldest -daughter of Gaubertin, steward of Aigues in Bourgogne, received two -hundred thousand francs as dowry. [The Peasantry.] - -LECLERQ, brother-in-law of the preceding, during the Restoration was -special collector at Ville-aux-Fayes, Bourgogne, and joined the other -members of his family in worrying, more or less, the Comte de -Montcornet. [The Peasantry.] - -LECOCQ, a trader, whose failure was very cleverly foretold by -Guillaume at the Cat and Racket. This failure was Guillaume's Battle -of Marengo. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] - -LEFEBVRE, Louis Lambert's uncle, was successively oratorian, sworn -priest and cure of Mer, a small city near Blois. Had a delightful -disposition and a heart of rare tenderness. He exercised a watchful -care over the childhood and youth of his remarkable nephew. The Abbe -Lefebvre later on lived at Blois, the Restoration having caused him to -lose his position. In 1822, under form of a letter sent from Croisic, -he was the first to receive information concerning the Cambremers. The -next year, having become much older in appearance, while riding in a -stage-coach he told of the frightful state of suffering, sometimes -mingled with remarkable displays of intellect, which preceded the -death of Louis Lambert. [Louis Lambert. A Seaside Tragedy.] - -LEFEBVRE (Robert), well-known French painter of the First Empire. In -1806, at the expense of Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, he painted Michu's -portrait. [The Gondreville Mystery.] Among the many paintings executed -by Robert Lefebvre is a portrait of Hulot d'Ervy dressed in the -uniform of chief commissary of the Imperial Guard. This is dated 1810. -[Cousin Betty.] - -LEGANES (Marquis de), Spanish grandee, married, father of two -daughters, Clara and Mariquita, and of three sons, Juanito, Philippe -and Manuel. He manifested a spirit of patriotism in the war carried on -against the French during the Empire and died then under the most -tragic circumstances, in which Mariquita was an unwilling abettor. The -Marquis de Leganes died by the hand of his eldest son, who had been -condemned to be his executioner. [El Verdugo.] - -LEGANES (Marquise de), wife of the preceding and condemned to die with -the other members of the family by the hand of her eldest son. She -spared him the necessity of doing this terrible deed of war by -committing suicide. [El Verdugo.] - -LEGANES (Clara de), daughter of the preceding couple; also shared the -condemnation of the Marquis de Leganes and died by the hand of -Juanito. [El Verdugo.] - -LEGANES (Mariquita de), sister of the preceding, had rescued Major -Victor Marchand of the French infantry from danger in 1808. In -testimony of his gratitude he was able to obtain pardon for one member -of the Leganes family, but with the horribly cruel provision that the -one spared should become executioner of the rest of the family. [El -Verdugo.] - -LEGANES (Juanito de), brother of the last-named, born in 1778. Small -and of poor physique, of gentlemanly manners, yet proud and scornful, -he was gifted with that delicacy of feeling which in olden times -caused Spanish gallantry to be so well known. Upon the earnest request -of his proud-spirited family he consented to execute his father, his -two sisters and his two brothers. Juanito only was saved from death, -that his family might not become extinct. [El Verdugo.] - -LEGANES (Philippe de), younger brother of the preceding, born in 1788, -a noble Spaniard condemned to death; executed by his elder brother in -1808, during the war waged against the French. [El Verdugo.] - -LEGANES (Manuel de), born in 1800, youngest of the five Leganes -children, suffered, in 1808, during the war waged by the French in -Spain, the fate of his father, the marquis, and of his elder brother -and sisters. The youngest scion of this noble family died by the hand -of Juanito de Leganes. [El Verdugo.] - -LEGER, extensive farmer of Beaumont-sur-Oise, married daughter of -Reybert, Moreau's successor as exciseman of the Presles estate, -belonging to the Comte de Serizy; had by his wife a daughter who -became, in 1838, Madame Joseph Bridau. [A Start in Life.] - -LEGRELU, a bald-headed man, tall and good-looking; in 1840 became a -vintner in Paris on rue des Canettes, corner of rue Guisarde. -Toupillier, Madame Cardinal's uncle, the "pauper of Saint-Sulpice," -was his customer. [The Middle Classes.] - -LELEWEL, a nineteenth century revolutionist, head of the Polish -Republican party in Paris in 1835. One of his friends was Doctor Moise -Halpersohn. [The Imaginary Mistress. The Seamy Side of History.] - -LEMARCHAND. (See Tours, Minieres des.) - -LEMIRE, professor of drawing in the Imperial Lyceum, Paris, in 1812; -foresaw the talent of Joseph Bridau, one of his pupils, for painting, -and threw the future artist's mother into consternation by telling her -of this fact. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -LEMPEREUR, in 1819, Chaussee-d'Antin, Paris, clerk to Charles -Claparon, at that time "straw-man" of Tillet, Roguin & Company. [Cesar -Birotteau.] - -LEMPRUN, born in 1745, son-in-law of Galard, market-gardener of -Auteuil. Employed, in turn, in the houses of Thelusson and of Keller -in Paris, he was probably the first messenger in the service of the -Bank of France, having entered that establishment when it was founded. -He met Mademoiselle Brigitte Thuillier during this period of his life, -and in 1814 gave Celeste, his only daughter, in marriage to Brigitte's -brother, Louis-Jerome Thuillier. M. Lemprun died the year following. -[The Middle Classes.] - -LEMPRUN (Madame), wife of the preceding, daughter of Galard, the -market-gardener of Auteuil, mother of one child--Madame Celeste -Thuillier. She lived in the village of Auteuil from 1815 until the -time of her death in 1829. She reared Celeste Phellion, daughter of -L.-J. Thuillier and of Madame de Colleville. Madame Lemprun left a -small fortune inherited from her father, M. Galard, which was -administered by Brigitte Thuillier. This Lemprun estate consisted of -twenty thousand francs, saved by the strictest economy, and of a house -which was sold for twenty-eight thousand francs. [The Middle Classes.] - -LEMULQUINIER, a native of Flanders, owed his name to the linen-yarn -dealers of that province, who are called _mulquiniers_. He lived in -Douai, was the valet of Balthazar Claes, and encouraged and aided his -master in his foolish investigations, despite the extreme coldness of -his own nature and the opposition of Josette, Martha, and the women of -the Claes family. Lemulquinier even went so far as to give all his -personal property to M. Claes. [The Quest of the Absolute.] - -LENONCOURT (De), born in 1708, marshal of France, marquis at first, -then duke, was the friend of Victor-Amedee de Verneuil, and adopted -Marie de Verneuil, the acknowledged natural daughter of his old -comrade, when the latter died. Suspected unjustly of being this young -girl's lover, the septuagenarian refused to marry her, and leaving her -behind he changed his place of residence to Coblentz. [The Chouans.] - -LENONCOURT (Duc de), father of Madame de Mortsauf. The early part of -the Restoration was the brilliant period of his career. He obtained a -peerage, owned a house in Paris on rue Saint-Dominique-Saint-Germain, -looked after Birotteau and found him a situation just after his -failure. Lenoncourt played for the favor of Louis XVIII., was first -gentleman in the king's chamber, and welcomed Victurnien d'Esgrignon, -with whom he had some relationship. The Duc de Lenoncourt was, in -1835, visiting the Princesse de Cadignan, when Marsay explained the -reasons the political order had for the mysterious kidnapping of -Gondreville. Three years later he died a very old man. [The Lily of -the Valley. Cesar Birotteau. Jealousies of a Country Town. The -Gondreville Mystery. Beatrix.] - -LENONCOURT (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, born in 1758, of a -cold, severe, insincere, ambitious nature, was almost always unkind to -her daughter, Madame de Mortsauf. [The Lily of the Valley.] - -LENONCOURT-GIVRY (Duc de), youngest son of M. and Madame de Chaulieu, -at first followed a military career. Titles and names in abundance -came to him. In 1827 he married Madeleine de Mortsauf, the only heir -of her parents. [Letters of Two Brides.] The Duc de Lenoncourt-Givry -was a man of some importance in the Paris of Louis Philippe and was -invited to the festival at the opening of Josepha Mirah's new house, -rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. [Cousin Betty.] The year following attention -was still turned towards him indirectly, when Sallenauve was -contending in defence of the duke's brother-in-law. [The Member for -Arcis.] - -LENONCOURT-GIVRY (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, bore the first -name of Madeleine. Madame de Lenoncourt-Givry was one of two children -of the Comte and Comtesse de Mortsauf. She lived almost alone in her -family, having lost at an early age her mother, then her brother -Jacques. While passing her girlhood in Touraine, she met Felix de -Vandenesse, from whom she knew how to keep aloof on becoming an -orphan. Her inheritance of names, titles and wealth brought about her -marriage with the youngest son of M. and Madame de Chaulieu in 1827, -and established for her a friendship with the Grandlieus, whose -daughter, Clotilde, accompanied her to Italy about 1830. During the -first day of their journey the arrest of Lucien Chardon de Rubempre -took place under their eyes near Bouron, Seine-et-Marne. [The Lily of -the Valley. Letters of Two Brides. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -LENORMAND was court registrar at Paris during the Restoration, and did -Comte Octave de Bauvan a service by passing himself off as owner of a -house on rue Saint-Maur, which belonged in reality to the count and -where the wife of that high magistrate lived, at that time being -separated from her husband. [Honorine.] - -LEOPOLD, a character in "L'Ambitieux par Amour," a novel by Albert -Savarus, was Maitre Leopold Hannequin. The author pictured him as -having a strong passion--imaginary or true--for the mother of -Rodolphe, the hero of this autobiographical novel, published by the -"Revue de l'Est" under the reign of Louis Philippe. [Albert Savarus.] - -LEPAS (Madame de), for a long time keeper of a tavern at Vendome, of -Flemish physique; acquainted with M. and Madame de Merret, and -furnished information about them to Doctor Horace Bianchon; Comte -Bagos de Feredia, who died so tragically, having been a lodger in her -house. She was also interviewed by the author, who, under the name of -Valentine, gave on the stage of the Gymnase-Dramatique the story of -the incontinence and punishment of Josephine de Merret. This Vendome -tavern-keeper pretended also to have lodged some princesses, M. -Decazes, General Bertrand, the King of Spain, and the Duc and Duchesse -of d'Abrantes. [La Grande Bretche.] - -LEPITRE, strong Royalist, had some relations with M. de Vandenesse, -when they wished to rescue Marie-Antoinette from the Temple. Later, -under the Empire, having become head of an academy, in the old Joyeuse -house, Quartier Saint-Antoine, Paris, Lepitre counted among his pupils -a son of M. de Vandenesse, Felix. Lepitre was fat, like Louis XVIII., -and club-footed. [The Lily of the Valley.] - -LEPITRE (Madame), wife of the preceding, reared Felix de Vandenesse. -[The Lily of the Valley.] - -LEPRINCE (Monsieur and Madame). M. Leprince was a Parisian auctioneer -towards the end of the Empire and at the beginning of the Restoration. -He finally sold his business at a great profit; but being injured by -one of Nucingen's failures, he lost in some speculations on the Bourse -some of the profits that he had realized. He was the father-in-law of -Xavier Rabourdin, whose fortune he risked in these dangerous -speculations, that his son-in-law's domestic comfort might be -increased. Crushed by misfortune he died under Louis XVIII., leaving -some rare paintings which beautified the parlor of his children's home -on rue Duphot. Madame Leprince, who died before the bankrupt -auctioneer, a distinguished woman and a natural artist, worshiped and, -consequently, spoiled her only child, Celestine, who became Madame -Xavier Rabourdin. She communicated to her daughter some of her own -tastes, and thoughtlessly, perhaps, developed in her a love of luxury, -intelligent and refined. [The Government Clerks.] - -LEROI (Pierre), called also Marche-a-terre, a Fougeres Chouan, who -played an important part during the civil war of 1799 in Bretagne, -where he gave evidence of courage and heartlessness. He survived the -tragedy of this period, for he was seen on the Place d'Alencon in 1809 -when Cibot--Pille-Miche--was tried at the bar as a chauffeur and -attempted to escape. In 1827, nearly twenty years later, this same -Pierre Leroi was known as a peaceable cattle-trader in the markets of -his province. [The Chouans. The Seamy Side of History. Jealousies of a -Country Town.] - -LEROI (Madame), mother of the preceding, being ill, was cured on -coming to Fougeres to pray under the oak of the Patte-d'Oie. This tree -was decorated with a beautiful wooden image of the Virgin, placed -there in memory of Sainte-Anne d'Auray's appearance in this place. -[The Chouans.] - -LESEIGNEUR DE ROUVILLE (Baronne), pensionless widow of a sea-captain -who had died at Batavia, under the Republic, during a prolonged -engagement with an English vessel; mother of Madame Hippolyte -Schinner. Early in the nineteenth century she lived at Paris with her -unmarried daughter, Adelaide. On the fourth story of a house belonging -to Molineux, on rue de Surene, near the Madeleine, Madame Leseigneur -occupied unadorned and gloomy apartments. There she frequently -received Hippolyte Schinner, Messieurs du Halga and de Kergarouet. She -received from two of these friends many delicate marks of sympathy, -despite the gossip of the neighbors who were astonished that Madame de -Rouville and her daughter should have different names, and shocked by -their very suspicious behavior. The manner in which Mesdames -Leseigneur recognized the good offices of Schinner led to his marriage -with Mademoiselle de Rouville. [The Purse.] - -LESEIGNEUR (Adelaide). (See Schinner, Madame Hippolyte.) - -LESOURD, married the eldest daughter of Madame Guenic of Provins, and -toward the end of the Restoration presided over the justice court of -that city, of which he had first been king's attorney. In 1828 he was -able, indeed, to defend Pierrette Lorrain, thus showing his opposition -to the local Liberalist leaders, represented by Rogron, Vinet and -Gourand. [Pierrette.] - -LESOURD (Madame), wife of the preceding and eldest daughter of Madame -Guenee; for a long time called in Provins, "the little Madame -Lesourd." [Pierrette.] - -LEVEILLE (Jean-Francois), notary in Alencon, inflexible correspondent -of the Royalists of Normandie under the Empire. He issued arms to -them, received the surname of Confesseur, and, in 1809, was put to -death with others as the result of a judgment rendered by Bourlac. -[The Seamy Side of History.] - -LEVRAULT, enriched by the iron industry in Paris, died in 1813; former -owner of the house in Nemours which came into the possession finally -of Doctor Minoret, who lived there in 1815. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -LEVRAULT-CREMIERE, related to the preceding, an old miller, who became -a Royalist under the Restoration; he was mayor of Nemours from 1829 to -1830, and was replaced after the Revolution of July by the notary, -Cremiere-Dionis. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -LEVRAULT-LEVRAULT, eldest son, thus named to distinguish him from his -numerous relatives of the same name; he was a butcher in Nemours in -1829, when Ursule Mirouet was undergoing persecution. [Ursule -Mirouet.] - -LIAUTARD (Abbe), in the first years of the nineteenth century was at -the head of an institution of learning in Paris; had among his pupils -Godefroid, Madame de la Chanterie's lodger in 1836 and future Brother -of Consolation. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -LINA (Duc de), an Italian, at Milan early in the century, one of the -lovers of La Marana, the mother of Madame Diard. [The Miranas.] - -LINET (Jean-Baptiste-Robert, called Robert), member of the Legislature -and of the Convention, born at Bernay in 1743, died at Paris in 1825; -minister of finance under the Republic, weakened Antoine and the -Poiret brothers by giving them severe work, although twenty-five years -later they were still laboring in the Treasury. [The Government -Clerks.] - -LISIEUX (Francois), called the Grand-Fils (grandson), a rebel of the -department of Mayenne; chauffeur under the First Empire and connected -with the Royalist insurrection in the West, which caused Madame de la -Chanterie's imprisonment. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -LISTOMERE (Marquis de) son of the "old Marquise de Listomere"; deputy -of the majority under Charles X., with hopes of a peerage; husband of -Mademoiselle de Vandenesse the elder, his cousin. One evening in 1828, -in his own house on rue Saint-Dominique, he was quietly reading the -"Gazette de France" without noticing the flirtation carried on at his -side by his wife and Eugene de Rastignac, then twenty-five years old. -[The Lily of the Valley. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Study -of Woman.] - -LISTOMERE (Marquise de), wife of the preceding, elder of M. de -Vandenesse's daughters, and sister of Charles and Felix. Like her -husband and cousin, during the early years of the Restoration, she was -a brilliant type of the period, combining, as she did, godliness with -worldliness, occasionally figuring in politics, and concealing her -youth under the guise of austerity. However, in 1828, her mask seemed -to fall at the moment when Madame de Mortsauf died; for, then, she -wrongly fancied herself the object of Eugene de Rastignac's wooing. -Under Louis Philippe she took part in an intrigue formed for the -purpose of throwing her sister-in-law, Marie de Vandenesse, into the -power of Raoul Nathan. [The Lily of the Valley. Lost Illusions. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Study of Woman. A Daughter of -Eve.] - -LISTOMERE (Marquise de) mother-in-law of the preceding, born -Grandlieu. She lived in Paris at an advanced age in Ile Saint-Louis, -during the early years of the nineteenth century; received on his -holidays her grand-nephew, Felix de Vandenesse, then a student, and -frightened him by the solemn or frigid appearance of everything about -her. [The Lily of the Valley.] - -LISTOMERE (Baronne de), had been the wife of a lieutenant-general. As -a widow she lived in the city of Tours under the Restoration, assuming -all the grand airs of the past centuries. She helped the Birotteau -brothers. In 1823 she received the army paymaster, Gravier, and the -terrible Spanish husband who killed the French surgeon, Bega. Madame -de Listomere died, and her wish to make Francois Birotteau her partial -heir was not executed. [The Vicar of Tours. Cesar Birotteau. The Muse -of the Department.] - -LISTOMERE (Baron de), nephew of the preceding, born in 1791; was in -turn lieutenant and captain in the navy. During a leave of absence -spent with his aunt at Tours he began to intervene in favor of the -persecuted abbe, Francois Birotteau, but finally opposed him upon -learning of the power of the Congregation, and that the priest's name -figured in the Baronne de Listomere's will. [The Vicar of Tours.] - -LISTOMERE (Comtesse de), old, lived in Saint-Germain suburbs of Paris, -in 1839. At the Austrian embassy she became acquainted with Rastignac, -Madame de Nucingen, Ferdinand du Tillet and Maxime de Trailles. [The -Member for Arcis.] - -LISTOMERE-LANDON (Marquise de), born in Provence, 1744; lady of the -eighteenth century aristocracy, had been the friend of Duclos and -Marechal de Richelieu. Later she lived in the city of Tours, where she -tried to help by unbiased counsel her unsophisticated niece by -marriage, the Marquise Victor d'Aiglemont. Gout and her happiness over -the return of the Duc d'Angouleme caused Madame de Listomere's death -in 1814. [A Woman of Thirty.] - -LOLOTTE. (See Topinard, Madame.) - -LONGUEVILLE (De), noble and illustrious family, whose last scion, the -Duc de Rostein-Limbourg, executed in 1793, belonged to the younger -branch. [The Ball at Sceaux.] - -LONGUEVILLE, deputy under Charles X., son of an attorney, without -authority placed the particle _de_ before his name. M. Longueville was -connected with the house of Palma, Werbrust & Co.; he was the father -of Auguste, Maximilien and Clara; desired a peerage for himself and a -minister's daughter for his elder son, who had an income of fifty -thousand francs. [The Ball at Sceaux.] - -LONGUEVILLE (Auguste), son of the preceding, born late in the -eighteenth century, possessed an income of fifty thousand francs; -married, probably a minister's daughter; was secretary of an embassy; -met Madame Emilie de Vandenesse during a vacation which he was -spending in Paris, and told her the secret of his family. Died young, -while employed in the Russian embassy. [The Ball at Sceaux.] - -LONGUEVILLE (Maximilien), one of Longueville's three children, -sacrificed himself for his brother and sister; entered business, lived -on rue du Sentier--then no longer called rue du Groschenet; was -employed in a large linen establishment, situated near rue de la Paix; -fell passionately in love with Emilie de Fontaine, who became Madame -Charles de Vandenesse. She ceased to reciprocate his passion upon -learning that he was merely a novelty clerk. However, M. Longueville, -as a result of the early death of his father and of his brother, -became a banker, a member of the nobility, a peer, and finally the -Vicomte "Guiraudin de Longueville." [The Ball at Sceaux.] - -LONGUEVILLE (Clara), sister of the preceding; she was probably born -during the Empire; was a very refined young woman of frail -constitution, but good complexion; lived in the time of the -Restoration; was companion and protegee of her elder brother, -Maximilien, future Vicomte Guiraudin, and was cordially received at -the Planat de Baudry's pavilion, situated in the valley of Sceaux, -where she was a good friend of the last unmarried heiress of Comte de -Fontaine. [The Ball at Sceaux.] - -LORA (Leon de), born in 1806, descendant of a noble family of -Roussillon, of Spanish origin; penniless son of Comte Fernand Didas y -Lora and Leonie de Lora, born Gazonal; younger brother of Juan de -Lora, nephew of Mademoiselle Urraca y Lora; he left his native country -at an early age. His family, with the exception of his mother, who -died, remained at home long after his departure, but he never inquired -concerning them. He went to Paris, where, having entered the artist, -Schinner's, studio, under the name of Mistigris, he became celebrated -for his animation and repartee. From 1820 he shone in this way, rarely -leaving Joseph Bridau--a friend whom he accompanied to the Comte de -Serizy's at Presles in the valley of Oise. Later Leon protected his -very sympathetic but commonplace countryman, Pierre Grassou. In 1830 -he became a celebrity. Arthez entrusted to him the decoration of a -castle, and Leon de Lora forthwith showed himself to be a master. Some -years later he took a tour through Italy with Felicite des Touches and -Claude Vignon. Being present when the domestic troubles of the Bauvans -were recounted, Lora was able to give a finished analysis of -Honorine's character to M. de l'Hostal. Being a guest at all the -social feasts and receptions he was in attendance at one of -Mademoiselle Brisetout's gatherings on rue Chauchat. There he met -Bixiou, Etienne Lousteau, Stidmann and Vernisset. He visited the -Hulots frequently and their intimate friends. With the aid of Joseph -Bridau he rescued W. Steinbock from Clichy, saw him marry Hortense, -and was invited to the second marriage of Valerie Marneffe. He was -then the greatest living painter of landscapes and sea-pieces, a -prince of repartee and dissipation, and dependent on Bixiou. Fabien du -Ronceret gave to him the ornamentation of an apartment on rue Blanche. -Wealthy, illustrious, living on rue Berlin, the neighbor of Joseph -Bridau and Schinner, member of the Institute, officer of the Legion of -Honor, Leon, assisted by Bixiou, received his cousin Palafox Gazonal, -and pointed out to him many well-known people about town. [The -Unconscious Humorists. A Bachelor's Establishment. A Start in Life. -Pierre Grassou. Honorine. Cousin Betty. Beatrix.] - -LORA (Don Juan de), elder brother of the preceding, spent his whole -life in Roussillon, his native country; in the presence of their -cousin, Palafox Gazonal, denied that his younger brother, "le petit -Leon," possessed great artistic ability. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -LORAUX (Abbe), born in 1752, of unattractive bearing, yet the very -soul of tenderness. Confessor of the pupils of the Lycee Henry IV., -and of Agathe Bridau; for twenty-five years vicar of Saint-Sulpice at -Paris; in 1818 confessor of Cesar Birotteau; became in 1819 cure of -the Blancs-Manteaux in Marais parish. He thus became a neighbor of -Octave de Bauvan, in whose home he placed in 1824 M. de l'Hostal, his -nephew and adopted son. Loraux, who was the means of restoring to -Bauvan the Comtesse Honorine, received her confessions. He died in -1830, she being his nurse at the time. [A Start in Life. A Bachelor's -Establishment. Cesar Birotteau. Honorine.] - -LORRAIN, petty merchant of Pen-Hoel in the beginning of the nineteenth -century; married and had a son, whose wife and child, Pierrette, he -took care of after his son's death. Lorrain was completely ruined -later, and took refuge in a home for the old and needy, confiding -Pierrette, both of whose parents were now dead, to the care of some -near relatives, the Rogrons of Provins. Lorrain's death took place -previously to that of his wife. [Pierrette.] - -LORRAIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, and grandmother of Pierrette; -born about 1757; lived the simple life of her husband, to whom she -bore some resemblance. A widow towards the end of the Restoration, she -became comfortably situated after the return of Collinet of Nantes. -Upon going to Provins to recover her granddaughter, she found her -dying; went into retirement in Paris, and died soon after, making -Jacques Brigaut her heir. [Pierrette.] - -LORRAIN, son of the preceding couple, Bretagne; captain in the -Imperial Guard; major in the line; married the second daughter of a -Provins grocer, Auffray, through whom he had Pierrette; died a poor -man, on the battlefield of Montereau, February 18, 1814. [Pierrette.] - -LORRAIN (Madame), wife of the preceding and mother of Pierrette; born -Auffray in 1793; half sister to the mother of Sylvie and Denis Rogron -of Provins. In 1814, a poor widow, still very young, she lived with -the Lorrains of Pen-Hoel, a town in the Vendean Marais. It is said -that she was consoled by the ex-major, Brigaut, of the Catholic army, -and survived the unfortunate marriage of Madame Neraud, widow of -Auffray, and maternal grandmother of Pierrette, only three years. -[Pierrette.] - -LORRAIN (Pierrette), daughter of the preceding, born in the town of -Pen-Hoel in 1813; lost her father when fourteen months old and her -mother when six years old; lovable disposition, delicate and -unaffected. After a happy childhood, spent with her excellent maternal -grandparents and a playmate, Jacques Brigaut, she was sent to some -first maternal cousins of Provins, the wealthy Rogrons, who treated -her with pitiless severity. Pierrette died on Easter Tuesday, March, -1828, as the result of sickness brought on by the brutality of her -cousin, Sylvie Rogron, who was extremely envious of her. A trial of -her persecutors followed her death, and, despite the efforts of old -Madame Lorrain, Jacques Brigaut, Martener, Desplein and Bianchon, her -assailants escaped through the craftily exerted influence of Vinet. -[Pierrette.] - -LOUCHARD, the craftiest bailiff of Paris; undertook the recovery of -Esther van Gobseck, who had escaped from Frederic de Nucingen; did -business with Maitre Fraisier. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Cousin -Pons.] - -LOUCHARD (Madame), wife of the preceding, did not live with him; -acquainted with Madame Komorn de Godollo and, in 1840, furnished her -information about Theodose de la Peyrade. [The Middle Classes.] - -LOUDON (Prince de), general in the Vendean cavalry, lived at Le Mans -during the Terror. He was brother of a Verneuil who was guillotined, -was noted for "his boldness and the martyrdom of his punishment." [The -Chouans. Modeste Mignon.] - -LOUDON (Prince Gaspard de), born in 1791, third and only surviving son -of the Duc de Verneuil's four children; fat and commonplace, having, -very inappropriately, the same name as the celebrated Vendean cavalry -general; became probably Desplein's son-in-law. He took part in 1829 -in a great hunt given in Normandie, in company with the Herouvilles, -the Cadignans and the Mignons. [Modeste Mignon.] - -LOUIS XVIII. (Louis-Stanislas-Xavier), born at Versailles, November -16, 1754, died September 16, 1824, King of France. He was in political -relations with Alphonse de Montauran, Malin de Gondreville, and some -time before this, under the name of the Comte de Lille, with the -Baronne de la Chanterie. He considered Peyrade an able officer and was -his patron. King Louis XVIII., friend of the Comte de Fontaine, -engaged Felix de Vandenesse as secretary. His last mistress was the -Comtesse Ferraud. [The Chouans. The Seamy Side of History. The -Gondreville Mystery. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Ball at -Sceaux. The Lily of the Valley. Colonel Chabert. The Government -Clerks.] - -LOUISE, during the close of Louis Philippe's reign, was Madame W. -Steinbock's waiting-maid at Paris, rue Louis-le-Grand, and was courted -by Hulot d'Ervy's cook, at the time when Agathe Piquetard, who was -destined to become the second Baronne Hulot, was another servant. -(Cousin Betty.] - -LOURDOIS, during the Empire wealthy master-painter of interiors; -contractor with thirty thousand francs income, of Liberal views. -Charged an enormous sum for the famous decorations in Cesar -Birotteau's apartments, where he was a guest with his wife and -daughter at the grand ball of December 17, 1818. After the failure of -the perfumer, a little later, he treated him somewhat slightingly. [At -the Sign of the Cat and Racket. Cesar Birotteau.] - -LOUSTEAU, sub-delegate at Issoudun and afterwards the intimate friend -of Doctor Rouget, at that time his enemy, because the doctor was -possibly the father of Mademoiselle Agathe Rouget, then become Madame -Bridau. Lousteau died in 1800. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -LOUSTEAU (Etienne), son of the preceding, born at Sancerre in 1799, -nephew of Maximilienne Hochon, born Lousteau, school-mate of Doctor -Bianchon. Urged on by his desire for a literary vocation, he entered -Paris without money, in 1819, made a beginning with poetry, was the -literary partner of Victor Ducange in a melodrama played at the Gaite -in 1821, undertook the editing of a small paper devoted to the stage, -of which Andoche Finot was proprietor. He had at that time two homes, -one in the Quartier Latin, rue de la Harpe, above the Servel cafe, -another on rue de Bondy, with Florine his mistress. Not having a -better place, he became at times Flicoteaux's guest, in company with -Daniel d'Arthez and especially Lucien de Rubempre, whom he trained, -piloted, and introduced to Dauriat, in fact, whose first steps he -aided, not without feeling regret later in life. For one thousand -francs per month, Lousteau rid Philippe Bridau of his wife, Flore, -placing her in a house of ill-fame. He was at the Opera, the evening -of the masque ball of the year 1824, where Blondet, Bixiou, Rastignac, -Jacques Collin, Chatelet and Madame d'Espard discovered Lucien de -Rubempre with Esther Gobseck. Lousteau wrote criticisms, did work for -various reviews, and for Raoul Nathan's gazette. He lived on rue des -Martyrs, and was Madame Schontz's lover. He obtained by some intrigue -a deputyship at Sancerre; carried on a long liaison with Dinah de la -Baudraye; just escaped a marriage with Madame Berthier, then Felicie -Cardot; was father of Madame de la Baudraye's children, and spoke as -follows concerning the birth of the eldest: "Madame la Baronne de la -Baudraye is happily delivered of a child; M. Etienne Lousteau has the -honor of announcing it." During this liaison, Lousteau, for the sum of -five hundred francs, gave to Fabien du Ronceret a discourse to be read -at a horticultural exhibition, for which the latter was decorated. He -attended a house-warming at Mademoiselle Brisetout's, rue Chauchat; -asked Dinah and Nathan for the purpose or moral of the "Prince of -Bohemia." Lousteau's manner of living underwent little change when -Madame de la Baudraye left him. He heard Maitre Desroches recount one -of Cerizet's adventures, saw Madame Marneffe marry Crevel, took charge -of the "Echo de la Bievre," and undertook the management of a theatre -with Ridal, the author of vaudevilles. [A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris. A Bachelor's Establishment. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. A -Daughter of Eve. Beatrix. The Muse of the Department. Cousin Betty. A -Prince of Bohemia. A Man of Business. The Middle Classes. The -Unconscious Humorists.] - -LUIGIA, young and beautiful Roman girl of the suburbs, wife of -Benedetto, who claimed the right of selling her. She tried to kill -herself at the same time she killed him, but did not succeed. Charles -de Sallenauve--Dorlange--protected her, taking care of her when she -became a widow, and made her his housekeeper in 1839. Luigia soon left -her benefactor, the voice of slander having accused them in their -mutually innocent relations. [The Member for Arcis.] - -LUPEAULX (Clement Chardin des), officer and politician, born about -1785; left in good circumstances by his father; who was ennobled by -Louis XV., his coat-of-arms showing "a ferocious wolf of sable bearing -a lamb in its jaws," with this motto: "En lupus in historia." A shrewd -and ambitious man, ready for all enterprises, even the most -compromising, Clement des Lupeaulx knew how to make himself of service -to Louis XVIII. in several delicate undertakings. Many influential -members of the aristocracy placed in his hands their difficult -business and their lawsuits. He served thus as mediator between the -Duc de Navarreins and Polydore Milaud de la Baudraye, and attained a -kind of mightiness that Annette seemed to fear would be disastrous to -Charles Grandet. He accumulated duties and ranks, was master of -petitions in the Council of State, secretary-general to the minister -of finance, colonel in the National Guard, government commissioner in -a joint-stock company; also provided with an inspectorship in the -king's house, he became Chevalier de Saint-Louis and officer of the -Legion of Honor. An open follower of Voltaire, but an attendant at -mass, at all times a Bertrand in pursuit of a Raton, egotistic and -vain, a glutton and a libertine, this man of intellect, sought after -in all social circles, a kind of minister's "household drudge," openly -lived, until 1825, a life of pleasure and anxiety, striving for -political success and love conquests. As mistresses he is known to -have had Esther van Gobseck, Flavie Colleville; perhaps, even, the -Marquise d'Espard. He was seen at the Opera ball in the winter of -1824, at which Lucien de Rubempre reappeared. The close of this year -brought about considerable change in the Secretary-General's affairs. -Crippled by debt, and in the power of Gobseck, Bidault and Mitral, he -was forced to give up one of the treasury departments to Isidore -Baudoyer, despite his personal liking for Rabourdin. He gained as a -result of this stroke a coronet and a deputyship. He had ambitions for -a peerage, the title of gentleman of the king's chamber, a membership -in the Academy of Inscriptions and Belles-lettres, and the commander's -cross. [The Muse of the Department. Eugenie Grandet. A Bachelor's -Establishment. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. The Government -Clerks. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Ursule Mirouet.] - -LUPEAULX (Des), nephew of the preceding, and, thanks to him, appointed -sub-prefect of Ville-aux-Fayes, Bourgogne, in 1821, in the department -presided over successively by Martial de la Roche-Hugon and Casteran. -As Gaubertin's prospective son-in-law, M. des Lupeaulx, espousing the -cause of his fiancee's family, was instrumental in disgusting -Montcornet, owner of Aigues, with his property. [The Peasantry.] - -LUPIN, born in 1778, son of the last steward of the Soulanges in -Bourgogne; in time he became manager of the domain, notary and deputy -mayor of the city of Soulanges. Although married and a man of family, -M. Lupin, still in excellent physical condition, was, in 1823, a -brilliant figure in Madame Soudry's reception-room, where he was known -for his tenor voice and his extreme gallantries--the latter -characteristic being proved by two liaisons carried on with two -middle-class women, Madame Sarcus, wife of Sarcus the Rich, and -Euphemie Plissoud. [The Peasantry.] - -LUPIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, called "Bebelle;" only daughter -of a salt-merchant enriched by the Revolution; had a platonic -affection for the chief clerk, Bonnac. Madame Lupin was fat, awkward, -of very ordinary appearance, and weak intellectually. On account of -these characteristics Lupin and the Soudry adherents neglected her. -[The Peasantry.] - -LUPIN (Amaury), only son of the preceding couple, perhaps the lover of -Adeline Sarcus, who became Madame Adolphe Sibilet; was on the point of -marrying one of Gaubertin's daughters, the same one, doubtless, that -was wooed and won by M. des Lupeaulx. In the midst of this liaison and -of these matrimonial designs, Amaury Lupin was sent to Paris in 1822 -by his father to study the notary's profession with Maitre Crottat, -where he had for a companion another clerk, Georges Marest, with whom -he committed some indiscretions and went into debt. Amaury went with -his friend to the Lion d'Argent, rue d'Enghien in the Saint-Denis -section, when Marest took Pierrotin's carriage to Isle-Adam. On the -way they met Oscar Husson, and made fun of him. The following year -Amaury Lupin returned to Soulanges in Bourgogne. [The Peasantry. A -Start in Life.] - - - - M - -MACHILLOT (Madame), kept in Paris, in 1838, in the Notre Dame-des -Champs neighborhood, a modest restaurant, which was patronized by -Godefroid on account of its nearness to Bourlac's house. [The Seamy -Side of History.] - -MACUMER (Felipe Henarez, Baron de), Spanish descendant of the Moors, -about whom much information has been furnished by Talleyrand; had a -right to names and titles as follows: Henarez, Duc de Soria, Baron de -Macumer. He never used all of them; for his entire youth was a -succession of sacrifices, misfortunes and undue trials. Macumer, a -leading Spanish revolutionist of 1823, saw fortune turn against him. -Ferdinand VII., once more enthroned, recognized him as constitutional -minister, but never forgave him for his assumption of power. Seeing -his property confiscated and himself banished, he took refuge in -Paris, where he took poor lodgings on rue Hillerin-Bertin and began to -teach Spanish for a living, notwithstanding he was Baron de Sardaigne -with large estates and a place at Sassari. Macumer also suffered many -heart-aches. He vainly loved a woman who was beloved by his own -brother. His brother's passion being reciprocated, Macumer sacrificed -himself for their happiness. Under the simple name of Henarez, Macumer -was the instructor of Armande-Marie-Louise de Chaulieu, whom he did -not woo in vain. He married her, March, 1825. At various times the -baron occupied or owned Chantepleurs, a chateau Nivernais, a house on -rue du Bac, and La Crampade, Louis de l'Estorate's residence in -Provence. The foolish, annoying jealousy of Madame de Macumer -embittered his life and was responsible for his physical break-down. -Idolized by his wife, in spite of his marked plainness, he died in -1829. [Letters of Two brides.] - -MACUMER (Baronne de). (See Gaston, Madame Marie.) - -MADELEINE, first name of Madeleine Vinet, by which she was called -while employed as a domestic. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Cousin -Pons.] - -MADOU (Angelique), woman of the masses, fat but spry; although -ignorant, very shrewd in her business of selling dried fruit. At -the beginning of the Restoration she lived in Paris on rue -Perrin-Gasselin, where she fell prey to the usurer Bidault--Gigonnet. -Angelique Madou at first dealt harshly with Cesar Birotteau, when he -was unable to pay his debts; but she congratulated him, later on, -when, as a result of his revived fortunes, the perfumer settled every -obligation. Angelique Madon had a little godchild, in whom she -occasionally showed much interest. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -MAGNAN (Prosper), of Beauvais, son of a widow, chief-surgeon's -assistant; executed in 1799 at Andernach on the banks of the Rhine, -being the innocent victim of circumstantial evidence, which condemned -him for the double crime of robbery and murder--this crime having, in -reality, been committed by his comrade, Jean-Frederic-Taillefer, who -escaped punishment. [The Red Inn.] - -MAGNAN (Madame), mother of the preceding, lived at Beauvais, where she -died a short time after her son's death, and previous to the arrival -of Hermann, who was bearing her a letter from Prosper. [The Red Inn.] - -MAGUS (Elie), Flemish Jew, Dutch-Belgian descent, born in 1770. He -lived now at Bordeaux, now at Paris; was a merchant of costly -articles, such as pictures, diamonds and curiosities. By his influence -Madame Luigi Porta, born Ginevra di Piombo, obtained from a -print-seller a position as colorist. Madame Evangelista engaged him -to estimate the value of her jewels. He bought a copy of Rubens from -Joseph Bridau and some Flemish subjects from Pierre Grassou, selling -them later to Vervelli as genuine Rembrandts or Teniers; he arranged -for the marriage of the artist with the cork-maker's daughter. Very -wealthy, and having retired from business in 1835, he left his house -on the Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle to occupy an old dwelling on Chaussee -des Minimes, now called rue de Bearn. He took with him his treasures, -his daughter, Noemi, and Abramko as a guard for his property. Eli -Magus was still living in 1845, when he had just acquired, in a -somewhat dishonorable manner, a number of superb paintings from -Sylvain Pons' collection. [The Vendetta. A Marriage Settlement. A -Bachelor's Establishment. Pierre Grassou. Cousin Pons.] - -MAHOUDEAU (Madame), in 1840, in company with Madame Cardinal, her -friend, created a disturbance during one of Bobino's performances at a -small theatre near the Luxembourg, where Olympe Cardinal was playing. -While playing the "jeune premiere" she was recognized by her mother. -[The Middle Classes.] - -MAHUCHET (Madame), women's shoemaker, "a very foul-mouthed woman," in -the language of Madame Nourrisson; mother of seven children. After -having dunned a countess, to no avail, for a hundred francs that was -due her, she conceived the idea of carrying off the silverware, on -display at a grand dinner to be given by her debtor one evening, as a -pledge. She promptly returned, however, the silver she had taken, upon -finding that it was white metal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -MALAGA, surname of Marguerite Turquet. - -MALASSIS (Jeanne), from the country, a servant of Pingret, who was an -avaricious and wealthy old peasant of the suburbs of Limoges. Mortally -injured while hastening to the assistance of her master, who was -robbed and murdered, she was the second victim of J.-F. Tascheron. -[The Country Parson.] - -MALFATTI, Venetian doctor; in 1820 called into consultation with one -of his fellow-physicians in France, concerning the sickness of the Duc -Cataneo. [Massimilla Doni.] - -MALIN. (See Gondreville.) - -MALLET, policeman in the department of Orne in 1809. Ordered to find -and arrest Madame Bryond des Minieres, he let her escape, by means of -an agreement with his comrade, Ratel, who was to have aided in her -capture. Having been imprisoned for this deed, Mallet was declared by -Bourlac deserving of capital punishment, and was put to death the same -year. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -MALVAUT (Jenny). (See Derville, Madame.) - -MANCINI (De), Italian, fair, effeminate, madly beloved by La Marana, -who had by him a daughter, Juana-Pepita-Maria de Mancini, later Madame -Diard. [The Maranas.] - -MANCINI (Juana-Pepita-Maria de). (See Diard, Madame.) - -MANERVILLE (De), born in 1731; Norman gentleman to whom the governor -of Guyenne, Richelieu, married one of the wealthiest Bordeaux -heiresses. He purchased a commission as major of the Gardes de la -Porte, in the latter part of Louis XV.'s reign; had by his wife a son, -Paul, who was reared with austerity; emigrated, at the outbreak of the -Revolution, to Martinique, but managed to save his property, Lanstrac, -etc., thanks to Maitre Mathias, head-clerk of the notary. He became a -widower in 1810, three years before his death. [A Marriage -Settlement.] - -MANERVILLE (Paul Francois-Joseph, Comte de), son of the preceding, -born in 1794, received his education in the college at Vendome, -finishing his work there in 1810, the year of his mother's death. He -passed three years at Bordeaux with his father, who had become -overbearing and avaricious; when left an orphan, he inherited a large -fortune, including Lanstrac in Gironde, and a house in Paris, rue de -la Pepiniere. He spent six years in Europe as a diplomat, passing his -vacations in Paris, where he was intimate with Henri de Marsay, and -was a lover of Paquita Valdes. There he was subject to the trifling of -Madame Charles de Vandenesse, then Emilie de Fontaine; also, perhaps, -met Lucien de Rubempre. In the winter of 1821 he returned to Bordeaux, -where he was a social leader. Paul de Manerville received the -appropriate nick-name of "le fleur des pois." Despite the good advice -of his two devoted friends, Maitre Mathias and Marsay, he asked, -through the instrumentality of his great-aunt, Madame de Maulincour, -for the hand of Natalie Evangelista in marriage, and obtained it. -After being wedded five years, he was divorced from his wife and -sailed for Calcutta under the name of Camille, one of his mother's -given names. [The Thirteen. The Ball at Sceaux. Lost Illusions. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. A Marriage Settlement.] - -MANERVILLE (Comtesse Paul de), wife of the preceding, born -Mademoiselle Natalie Evangelista, non-lineal descendant of the Duke of -Alva, related also to the Claes. Having been spoiled as a child, and -being of a sharp, domineering nature, she robbed her husband without -impoverishing him. She was a leader at Paris as well as at Bordeaux. -As the mistress of Felix de Vandenesse she disliked his dedication to -a story, for in it he praised Madame de Mortsauf. Later, in company -with Lady Dudley and Mesdames d'Espard, Charles de Vandernesse and de -Listomere, she attempted to compromise the Comtesse Felix de -Vandenesse, recently married, with Raoul Nathan. [A Marriage -Settlement. The Lily of the Valley. A Daughter of Eve.] - -MANETTE, under the Restoration at Clochegourde in Touraine, the -Comtesse de Mortsauf's housekeeper, taking her mother's place in the -care of her young master and mistress, Jacques and Madeleine de -Mortsauf. [The Lily of the Valley.] - -MANON. (See Godard, Manon.) - -MANON-LA-BLONDE, during the last years of the Restoration a Paris -prostitute, who fell violently in love with Theodore Calvi, became a -receiver of stolen goods, brought to her by the companion of Jacques -Collin, who committed murder also, at the time of the robbery; she -thus became the indirect or involuntary cause of the Corsican's -arrest. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -MANSEAU (Pere), tavern-keeper at Echelles, a town in Savoie, gave aid -to La Fosseuse, in her poverty, and sheltered this unfortunate woman -in a barn. La Fosseuse became the protegee of Doctor Benassis. [The -Country Doctor.] - -MARANA (La), the last of a long series of prostitutes bearing the same -name; natural descendant of the Herouvilles. She was known to have had -more than one distinguished lover: Mancini, the Duc de Lina, and a -king of Naples. She was notorious in Venice, Milan and Naples. She had -by Mancini one child, whom he acknowledged, Juana-Pepita-Maria, and -had her reared in good morals by the Lagounias, who were under -obligations to her. Upon going to seek her daughter in Tarragone, -Spain, she surprised the girl in company with Montefiore, but scorned -to take vengeance upon him. She accepted as husband of the young girl -M. Diard, who had asked for her hand. In 1823, when she was dying in -the hospital at Bordeaux, Marana once more saw her daughter, still -virtuous, although unhappy. [The Hated Son. The Maranas.] - -MARCAS (Zephirin), born about 1803 in a Bretagne family at Vitre. In -after life he supported his parents who were in poor circumstances. He -received a free education in a seminary, but had no inclination for -the priesthood. Carrying hardly any money he went to Paris, in 1823 or -1824, and after studying with a lawyer became his chief clerk. Later -he studied men and objects in five capitals: London, Berlin, Vienna, -St. Petersburg and Constantinople. For five years he was a journalist, -and reported the proceedings of the "Chambres." He often visited R. de -la Palferine. With women he proved to be of the passionate-timid kind. -With the head of a lion, and a strong voice, he was equal as an orator -to Berryer, and the superior of M. Thiers. For a long time he supplied -the political ability needed by a deputy who had become a minister, -but, convinced of his disloyalty, he overthrew him, only to restore -him for a short time. He once more entered into polemical controversy; -saw the newspapers which had sparkled with his forceful, high-minded -criticism die; and lived miserably upon a daily allowance of thirty -sous, earned by copying for the Palais. Marcas lived at that time, -1836, in the garret of a furnished house on rue Corneille. His -thankless debtor, become minister again, sought him anew. Had it not -been for the hearty attention of his young neighbors, Rabourdin and -Juste, who furnished him with some necessary clothing, and aided him -at Humann's expense, Marcas would not have taken advantage of the new -opportunity that was offered him. His new position lasted but a short -time. The third fall of the government hastened that of Marcas. Lodged -once more on rue Corneille he was taken with a nervous fever. The -sickness increased and finally carried away this unrecognized genius. -Z. Marcas was buried in a common grave in Montparnasse cemetery, -January, 1838. [A Prince of Bohemia. Z. Marcas.] - -MARCHAND (Victor), son of a Parisian grocer, infantry-major during the -campaign of 1808, a lover of Clara Leganes, to whom he was under -obligation; tried, without success, to marry this girl of the Spanish -nobility, who preferred to suffer the most horrible of deaths, -decapitation by the hand of her own brother. [El Verdugo.] - -MARCHE-A-TERRE. (See Leroi, Pierre.) - -MARCILLAC (Madame de). Thanks to some acquaintances of the old regime, -whom she had kept, and to her relationship with the Rastignacs, with -whom she lived quietly, she found the means of introducing to Claire -de Beauseant, Chevalier de Rastignac, her well-beloved grand-nephew ---about 1819. [Father Goriot.] - -MARCOSINI (Count Andrea), born in 1807 at Milan; although an -aristocrat he took temporary refuge in Paris as a liberal; a wealthy -and handsome poet; took his period of exile in 1834 in good spirits. -He was received on terms of friendship by Mesdames d'Espard and Paul -de Manerville. On the rue Froidmanteau he was constantly in pursuit of -Marianina Gambara; at the Italian Giardini's "table-d'hote" he -discussed musical topics and spoke of "Robert le Diable." For five -years he kept Paolo Gambara's wife as his mistress; then he gave her -up to marry an Italian dancer. [Gambara.] - -MARECHAL, under the Restoration an attorney at Ville-aux-Fayes, -Bourgogne, Montcornet's legal adviser, helped by his recommendation to -have Sibilet appointed steward of Aigues in 1817. [The Peasantry.] - -MARESCHAL, supervisor in the college of Vendome in 1811, when Louis -Lambert became a student in this educational institution. [Louis -Lambert.] - -MAREST (Frederic), born about 1802, son of a rich lumber-merchant's -widow, cousin of Georges Marest; attorney's clerk in Paris, November, -1825; lover of Florentine Cabirolle, who was maintained by Cardot; -made the acquaintance at Maitre Desroches' of Oscar Husson, and took -him to a fete given by Mademoiselle Cabirolle on rue de Vendome, where -his friend foolishly compromised himself. [A Start in Life.] Frederic -Marest, in 1838, having become an examining magistrate in the public -prosecutor's office in Paris, had to examine Auguste de Mergi, who was -charged with having committed robbery to the detriment of Doctor -Halpersohn. [The Seamy Side of History.] The following year, while -acting as king's solicitor at Arcis-sur-Aube, Frederic Marest, still -unmarried and very corpulent, became acquainted with Martener's sons, -Goulard, Michu and Vinet, and visited the Beauvisage and Mallot -families. [The Member for Arcis.] - -MAREST (Georges), cousin of the preceding, son of the senior member of -a large Parisian hardware establishment on rue Saint-Martin. He -became, in 1822, the second clerk of a Parisian notary, Maitre A. -Crottat. He had then as a comrade in study and in pleasure Amaury -Lupin. At this time Marest's vanity made itself absurdly apparent in -Pierrotin's coach, which did service in the valley of Oise; he hoaxed -Husson, amused Bridau and Lora, and vexed the Comte de Serizy. Three -years later Georges Marest had become the chief clerk of Leopold -Hannequin. He lost by debauchery a fortune amounting to thirty -thousand francs a year, and died a plain insurance-broker. [The -Peasantry. A Start in Life.] - -MARGARITIS, of Italian origin, took up his residence in Vouvray in -1831, an old man of deranged mind, most eccentric of speech, and who -pretended to be a vine-grower. He was induced by Vernier to hoax the -famous traveler, Gaudissart, during a business trip of the latter. -[Gaudissart the Great.] - -MARGARITIS (Madame), wife of the insane Margaritis. She kept him near -her for the sake of economy, and made amends to the deceived -Gaudissart. [Gaudissart the Great.] - -MARGUERON, wealthy citizen of Beaumont-sur-Oise, under Louis XVIII., -wished his son to be tax-collector of the district in which he himself -owned the farm lying next to the property of Serizy at Presles, and -which he had leased to Leger. [A Start in Life.] - -MARIANNE, during the Restoration, servant of Sophie Gamard at Tours. -[The Vicar of Tours.] - -MARIANNE, served with Gaucher in Michu's house, October, 1803, in the -district of Arcis-sur-Aube, at Cinq-Cygne. She served her master with -discretion and fidelity. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -MARIAST, owned No. 22 rue da la Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve, Paris, and -let it to Messieurs of d'Espard during nearly the whole period of the -Restoration. [The Commission in Lunacy.] - -MARIE DES ANGES (Mere), born in 1762, Jacques Bricheteau's aunt, -superior of the Ursuline convent at Arcis-sur-Aube, saved from the -guillotine by Danton, had the fifth of April of each year observed -with a mass in her nephew's behalf, and, under Louis Philippe, -protected the descendant of a celebrated Revolutionist, Charles de -Sallenauve; her influence gave him the position of deputy of the -district. [The Member for Arcis.] - -MARIETTE. (See Godeschal, Marie.) - -MARIETTE, born in 1798; from 1817 in the service of the Wattevilles of -Besancon; was under Louis Philippe, despite her extreme homeliness, -and on account of the money she had saved, courted by Jerome, a -servant of Albert Savarus. Mademoiselle de Watteville, who was in love -with the lawyer, used Mariette and Jerome to her own advantage. -[Albert Savarus.] - -MARIETTE, in 1816, cook in the employ of Mademoiselle Cormon, of -Alencon; sometimes received advice from M. du Ronceret; an ordinary -kitchen-maid in the same household, when her mistress became Madame du -Bousquier. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -MARIETTE, was in the employ of La Fosseuse, towards the end of the -Restoration, in the village over which Benassis was mayor. [The -Country Doctor.] - -MARIGNY (Duchesse de), much sought after in the Saint-Germain section; -related to the Navarreins and the Grandlieus; a woman of experience -and good at giving advice; real head of her house; died in 1819. [The -Thirteen.] - -MARIGNY[*] (De), son of the preceding, harebrained, but attractive, -had an attachment for Madame Keller, a middle-class lady of the -Chaussee-d'Antin. [The Thirteen.] - -[*] During the last century the Marignys owned, before the Verneuils, - Rosembray, an estate where a great hunt brought together, 1829, - Cadignan, Chaulieu, Canalis, Mignon, etc. - -MARIN, in 1839, at Cinq-Cygne, in the district of Arcis-sur-Aube, -first valet of Georges de Maufrigneuse and protector of Anicette. [The -Member for Arcis.] - -MARION of Arcis, grandson of a steward in the employ of Simeuse; -brother-in-law of Madame Marion, born Giguet. He had the confidence of -Malin, acquired for him the Gondreville property, and became a lawyer -in Aube, then president of an Imperial court. [The Gondreville -Mystery. The Member for Arcis.] - -MARION, brother of the preceding and brother-in-law of Colonel Giguet, -whose sister became his wife. Through Malin's influence, he became -co-receiver-general of Aube, with Sibuelle as his colleague. [The -Gondreville Mystery. The Member for Arcis.] - -MARION (Madame), wife of the preceding, Colonel Giguet's sister. She -was on intimate terms with Malin de Gondreville. After her husband's -death she returned to her native country, Arcis, where her parlor was -frequented by many guests. Under Louis Philippe, Madame Marion exerted -her powers in behalf of Simon Giguet, the Colonel's son. [The Member -for Arcis.] - -MARION. (See Kolb, Madame.) - -MARIOTTE, of Auxerre, a rival of the wealthy Gaubertin in contracting -for the forest lands of that portion of Bourgogne in which Aigues, the -large estate of Montcornet, was situated. [The Peasantry.] - -MARIOTTE (Madame), of Auxerre, mother of the preceding, in 1823, had -Mademoiselle Courtecuisse in her service. [The Peasantry.] - -MARIUS, the cognomen, become hereditary, of a native of Toulouse, who -established himself as a Parisian hair-dresser and was thus nick-named -by the Chevalier de Parny, one of his patrons, in the early part of -the nineteenth century. He handed down this name of Marius as a kind -of permanent property to his successors. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -MARMUS (Madame), wife of a savant, who was an officer in the Legion of -Honor and a member of the Institute. They lived together on rue -Duguay-Trouin in Paris, and were (in 1840) on intimate terms with -Zelie Minard. [The Middle Classes.] - -MARMUS, husband of the preceding and noted for his absent-mindedness. -[The Middle Classes.] - -MARNEFFE (Jean-Paul-Stanislas), born in 1794, employed in the War -Department. In 1833, while a mere clerk living on twelve hundred -francs a year, he married Mademoiselle Valerie Fortin. Having become -as unprincipled as a convict, under the patronage of Baron Hulot, his -wife's paramour, he left rue du Doyenne to install himself in luxury -in the Saint-Germain section, and later became head-clerk, assistant -chief, and chief of the bureau, chevalier, then officer of the Legion -of Honor. Jean-Paul-Stanislas Marneffe, decayed physically as well as -morally, died in May, 1842. [Cousin Betty.] - -MARNEFFE[*] (Madame). (See Crevel, Madame Celestin.) - -[*] In 1849, at Paris, Clairville produced upon the stage of the - Gymnase-Dramatique, the episodes in the life of Madame Marneffe, - somewhat modified, under the double title, "Madame Marneffe, or - the Prodigal Father" (a vaudeville drama in five acts). - -MARNEFFE (Stanislas), legal son of the preceding couple, suffered from -scrofula, much neglected by his parents. [Cousin Betty.] - -MAROLLES (Abbe de), an old priest, who lived towards the close of the -eighteenth century. Having escaped in September, 1792, from the -massacre of the Carmelite convent, now a small chapel on rue de -Vaugirard, he concealed himself in the upper Saint-Martin district, -near the German Highway. He had under his protection, at this time, -two nuns, who were in as great danger as he, Sister Marthe and Sister -Agathe. On January 22, 1793, and on January 21, 1794, the Abbe de -Marolles, in their presence, said masses for the repose of Louis -XVI.'s soul, having been asked to do so by the executioner of the -"martyr-king," whose presence at mass the Abbe knew nothing of until -January 25, 1794, when he was so informed at the corner of rue des -Frondeurs by Citizen Ragou. [An Episode under the Terror.] - -MARONIS (Abbe de), a priest of great genius, who would have been -another Borgia, had he worn the tiara. He was Henri de Marsay's -teacher, and made of him a complete skeptic, in a period when the -churches were closed. The Abbe de Maronis died a bishop in 1812. [The -Thirteen.] - -MARRON, under the Restoration, a physician at Marsac, Charente; nephew -of the Cure Marron. He married his daughter to Postel, a pharmacist of -Augouleme. He was intimate with the family of David Sechard. [Lost -Illusions. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -MARSAY (De), immoral old gentleman. To oblige Lord Dudley he married -one of the former's mistresses and recognized their son as his own. -For this favor he received a hundred thousand francs per year for -life, money which he soon threw away in evil company. He confided the -child to his old sister, Mademoiselle de Marsay, and died, as he had -lived, away from his wife. [The Thirteen.] - -MARSAY (Madame de). (See Vordac, Marquise de.) - -MARSAY (Mademoiselle de), sister-in-law of the preceding, took care of -her son, Henri, and treated him so well that she was greatly mourned -by him when she died advanced in years. [The Thirteen.] - -MARSAY (Henri de), born between 1792 and 1796, son of Lord Dudley and -the celebrated Marquise de Vordac, who was first united in marriage to -the elder De Marsay. This gentleman adopted the boy, thus becoming, -according to law, his father. The young Henri was reared by -Mademoiselle de Marsay and the Abbe de Maronis. He was on intimate -terms, in 1815, with Paul de Manerville, and was already one of the -all powerful Thirteen, with Bourignard, Montriveau and Ronquerolles. -At that time he found on rue Saint-Lazare a girl from Lesbosen, -Paquita Valdes, whom he wished to make his mistress. He met at the -same time his own natural sister, Madame de San-Real, of whom he -became the rival for Paquita's love. At first Marsay had been the -lover of the Duchesse Charlotte, then of Arabelle Dudley, whose -children were his very image. He was also known to be intimate with -Delphine de Nucingen up to 1819, then with Diane de Cadignan. In his -position as member of the Thirteen Henri was in Montriveau's party -when Antoinette de Langeais was stolen from the Carmelites. He bought -Coralie for sixty thousand francs. He passed the whole of his time -during the Restoration in the company of young men and women. He was -the companion and counselor of Victurnien d'Esgrignon, Savinien de -Portenduere and above all of Paul de Manerville, whose course he -vainly tried to direct after an ill-appointed marriage, and to whom he -announced, as soon as possible, his own union. Marsay aided Lucien de -Rubempre and served for him, with Rastignac, as second in a duel with -Michel Chrestien. The Chaulieu and Fontaine women feared or admired -Henri de Marsay--a man who was slighted by M. de Canalis, the much -toasted poet. The Revolution of July, 1830, made Marsay a man of no -little importance. He, however, was content to tell over his old love -affairs gravely in the home of Felicite des Touches. As prime minister -from 1832 to 1833, he was an habitue of the Princesse de Cadignan's -Legitimist salon, where he served as a screen for the last Vendean -insurrection. There, indeed, Marsay brought to light the secrets, -already old, of Malin's kidnapping. Marsay died in 1834, a physical -wreck, having but a short time before, when Nathan was courting Marie -de Vandenesse, taken part in the intrigue, although he was disgusted -with the author. [The Thirteen. The Unconscious Humorists. Another -Study of Woman. The Lily of the Valley. Father Goriot. Jealousies of a -Country Town. Ursule Mirouet. A Marriage Settlement. Lost Illusions. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Letters of Two Brides. The Ball at -Sceaux. Modeste Mignon. The Secrets of a Princess. The Gondreville -Mystery. A Daughter of Eve.] - -MARTAINVILLE (Alphonse-Louis-Dieudonne), publicist and dramatic -writer, born at Cadiz, in 1776, of French parents, died August 27, -1830. He was an extreme Royalist and, as such, in 1821 and 1822, threw -away his advice and support on Lucien de Rubempre, then a convert to -Liberalism. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -MARTENER, well-educated old man who lived in Provins under the -Restoration. He explained to the archaeologist, Desfondrilles, who -consulted him, the reason why Europe, disdaining the waters of -Provins, sought Spa, where the waters were less efficacious, according -to French medical advice. [Pierrette.] - -MARTENER, son of the preceding; physician at Provins in 1827, capable -man, simple and gentle. He married Madame Guenee's second daughter. -When consulted one day by Mademoiselle Habert, he spoke against the -marriage of virgins at forty, and thus filled Sylvie Rogron with -despair. He protected and cared for Pierrette Lorrain, the victim of -this same old maid. [Pierrette.] - -MARTENER (Madame), wife of the preceding, second daughter of Madame -Guenee, and sister of Madame Auffray. Having taken pity on Pierrette -Lorrain in her sickness, she gave to her, in 1828, the pleasures of -music, playing the compositions of Weber, Beethoven or Herold. -[Pierrette.] - -MARTENER, son of the preceding couple, protege of Vinet the elder, -honest and thick-headed. He was, in 1839, examining magistrate at -Arcis-sur-Aube and caucused, during the election season in the spring -of this same year, with the officers, Michu, Goulard, O. Vinet and -Marest. [The Member for Arcis.] - -MARTHA was for a long time the faithful chambermaid of Josephine -Claes; she died in old age between 1828 and 1830. [The Quest for the -Absolute.] - -MARTHE (Sister), a Gray sister of Auvergne; from 1809 to 1816 -instructed Veronique Sauviat--Madame Graslin--in reading, writing, -sacred history, the Old and the New Testaments, the Catechism, the -elements of arithmetic. [The Country Parson.] - -MARTHE (Sister), born Beauseant, in 1730, a nun in the Abbey of -Chelles, fled with Sister Agathe (nee Langeais) and the Abbe de -Marolles to a poor lodging in the upper Saint-Martin district. On -January 22, 1793, she went to a pastry-cook near Saint Laurent to get -the wafers necessary for a mass for the repose of Louis XVI.'s soul. -At this ceremony she was present, as was also the man who had executed -the King. The following year, January 21, 1794, this same ceremony was -repeated exactly. She passed these two years of the Terror under -Mucius Scoevola's protection. [An Episode under the Terror.] - -MARTHE (Sister), in the convent of the Carmelites at Blois, knew two -young women, Mesdames de l'Estorade and Gaston. [Letters of Two -Brides.] - -MARTIN, a woman of a Dauphine village, of which Doctor Benassis was -mayor, kept the hospital children for three francs and a bar of soap -each month. She was, possibly, the first person in the country seen by -Genestas-Bluteau, and also the first to impart knowledge to him. [The -Country Doctor.] - -MARTINEAU, name of two brothers employed by M. de Mortsauf in -connection with his farms in Touraine. The elder was at first a -farm-hand, then a steward; the younger, a warden. [The Lily of the -Valley.] - -MARTINEAU, son of one of the two Martineau brothers. [The Lily of the -Valley.] - -MARTY (Jean-Baptiste), actor of melodrama, employe or manager of the -Gaite, before and after the Paris fire of 1836; born in 1779, -celebrated during the Restoration; in 1819 and 1820 he played in -"Mont-Sauvage," a play warmly applauded by Madame Vauquer. This woman -was accompanied to the theatre on the Boulevard du Crime, by her rue -Nueve-Sainte-Genevieve lodger, Jacques Collin, called also Vautrin, on -the evening before his arrest. [Father Goriot.] Marty died, at an -advanced age, in 1868, a chevalier in the Legion of Honor, after -having been for many years mayor of Charenton. - -MARVILLE (De). (See Camusot.) - -MARY, an Englishwoman in the family of Louis de l'Estorade during the -Restoration and under Louis Philippe. [Letters of Two Brides. The -Member for Arcis.] - -MASSIN-LEVRAULT, junior, son of a poor locksmith of Montargis, -grand-nephew of Doctor Denis Minoret, as a result of his marriage with -a Levrault-Minoret; father of three girls, Pamela, Aline, and Madame -Goupil. He bought the office of clerk to the justice of peace in -Nemours, January, 1815, and lived at first with his family in the good -graces of Doctor Minoret, through whom his sister became postmistress -at Nemours. Massin-Levrault, junior, was one of the indirect -persecutors of Ursule de Portenduere. He became a minicipal councilor -after July, 1830, began to lend money to the laboring people at -exorbitant rates of interest, and finally developed into a confirmed -usurer. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -MASSIN-LEVRAULT (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Levrault-Minoret -in 1793, grand-niece of Doctor Denis Minoret on the maternal side; her -father was a victim of the campaign in France. She strove in every way -possible to win the affections of her wealthy uncle, and was one of -Ursule de Portenduere's persecutors. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -MASSOL, native of Carcassonne, licentiate in law and editor of the -"Gazette des Tribunaux" in May, 1830. Without knowing their -relationship he brought together Jacqueline and Jacques Collin, a -boarder at the Concierge, and, acting under Granville's orders, in his -journal attributed Lucien de Rubembre's suicidal death to the rupture -of a tumor. A Republican, through the lack of the particle _de_ before -his name, and very ambitious, he was, in 1834, the associate of Raoul -Nathan in the publication of a large journal, and sought to make a -tool of the poet-founder of this paper. In company with Stidmann, -Steinbock and Claude Vignon, Massol was a witness of the second -marriage of Valerie Marneffe. In 1845, having become a councilor of -state and president of a section, he supported Jenny Cadine. He was -then charged with the administrative lawsuit of S.-P. Gozonal. [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life. The Magic Skin. A Daughter of Eve. Cousin -Betty. The Unconscious Humorists.] - -MASSON, friend of Maitre Desroches, an attorney, to whom, upon the -latter's advice, Lucien de Rubempre hastened, when Coralie's furniture -was attached, in 1821. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -MASSON (Publicola), born in 1795, the best known chiropodist in Paris, -a radical Republican of the Marat type, even resembled the latter -physically; counted Leon de Lora among his customers. [The Unconscious -Humorists.] - -MATHIAS, born in 1753. He started as third clerk to a Bordeaux notary, -Chesneau, whom he succeeded. He married, but lost his wife in 1826. He -had one son on the bench, and a married daughter. He was a good -example of the old-fashioned country magistrate, and gave out his -enlightened opinions to two generations of Manervilles. [A Marriage -Settlement.] - -MATHILDE (La Grande), on terms of friendship with Jenny Courand in -Paris, under the reign of Louis Philippe. [Gaudissart the Great.] - -MATHURINE, a cook, spiritual and upright, first in the employ of the -Bishop of Nancy, but later given a place on rue Vaneau, Paris, with -Valerie Marneffe, by Lisbeth, a relative of the former on her mother's -side. [Cousin Betty.] - -MATIFAT, a wealthy druggist on rue des Lombards, Paris, at the -beginning of the nineteenth century; kept the "Reine des Roses," which -later was handled by Ragon and Birotteau; typical member of the middle -classes, narrow in views and pleased with himself, vulgar in language -and, perhaps, in action. He married and had a daughter, whom he took, -with his wife, to the celebrated ball tendered by Cesar Birotteau on -rue Saint-Honore, Sunday, December 17, 1818. As a friend of the -Collevilles, Thuilliers and Saillards, Matifat obtained for them -invitations from Cesar Birotteau. In 1821 he supported on rue de Bondy -an actress, who was shortly transferred from the Panorama to the -Gymnase-Dramatique. Although called Florine, her true name was Sophie -Grignault, and she became subsequently Madame Nathan. J.-J. Bixiou and -Madame Desroches visited Matifat frequently during the year 1826, -sometimes on rue du Cherche-Midi, sometimes in the suburbs of Paris. -Having become a widower, Matifat remarried under Louis Philippe, and -retired from business. He was a silent partner in the theatre directed -by Gaudissart. [Cesar Birotteau. A Bachelor's Establishment. Lost -Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. The Firm of Nucingen. -Cousin Pons.] - -MATIFAT (Madame), first wife of the preceding, a woman who wore a -turban and gaudy colors. She shone, under the Restoration, in -bourgeois circles and died probably during the reign of Louis -Philippe. [Cesar Birotteau. The Firm of Nucingen.] - -MATIFAT (Mademoiselle), daughter of the preceding couple, attended the -Birotteau ball, was sought in marriage by Adolphe Cochin and Maitre -Desroches; married General Baron Gouraud, a poor man much her elder, -bringing to him a dowry of fifty thousand crowns and expectations of -an estate on rue du Cherche-Midi and a house at Luzarches. [Cesar -Birotteau. The Firm of Nucingen. Pierrette.] - -MAUCOMBE (Comte de), of a Provencal family already celebrated under -King Rene. During the Revolution he "clothed himself in the humble -garments of a provincial proof-reader," in the printing office of -Jerome-Nicolas Sechard at Angouleme. He had a number of children: -Renee, who became Madame de l'Estorade; Jean, and Marianina, a natural -daughter, claimed by Lanty. He was a deputy by the close of 1826, -sitting between the Centre and the Right. [Lost Illusions. Letters of -Two Brides.] - -MAUCOMBE (Jean de), son of the preceding, gave up his portion of the -family inheritance to his older sister, Madame de l'Estorade, born -Renee de Maucombe. [Letters of Two Brides.] - -MAUFRIGNEUSE (Duc de), born in 1778, son of the Prince de Cadignan, -who died an octogenarian towards the close of the Restoration, leaving -then as eldest of the house the Prince de Cadignan. The prince was in -love with Madame d'Uxelles, but married her daughter, Diane, in 1814, -and afterwards lived unhappily with her. He supported Marie Godeschal; -was a cavalry colonel during the reigns of Louis XVIII. and Charles -X.; had under his command Philippe Bridau, the Vicomte de Serizy, -Oscar Husson. He was on intimate terms with Messieurs de Grandlieu and -d'Espard. [The Secrets of a Princess. A Start in Life. A Bachelor's -Establishment. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -MAUFRIGNEUSE (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, born Diane -d'Uxelles in 1796, married in 1815. She was in turn the mistress of -Marsay, Miguel d'Ajuda-Pinto, Victurnien d'Esgrignon, Maxime de -Trailles, Eugene de Rastignac, Armand de Montriveau, Marquis de -Ronquerolles, Prince Galathionne, the Duc de Rhetore, a Grandlieu, -Lucien de Rubempre, and Daniel d'Arthez. She lived at various times in -the following places: Anzy, near Sancerre; Paris, on rue Saint-Honore -in the suburbs and on rue Miromesnil; Cinq-Cygne in Champagne; Geneva -and the borders of Leman. She inspired a foolish platonic affection in -Michel Chrestien, and kept at a distance the Duc d'Herouville, who -courted her towards the end of the Restoration by sarcasm and -brilliant repartee. Her first and last love affairs were especially -well known. For her the Marquis Miguel d'Ajudo-Pinto gave up Berthe de -Rochefide, his wife, avenging thus a former mistress, Claire de -Beauseant. Her liaison with Victurnien d'Esgrignon became the most -stormy of romances. Madame de Maufrigneuse, disguised as a man and -possessed of a passport, bearing the name of Felix de Vandenesse, -succeeded in rescuing from the Court of Assizes the young man who had -compromised himself in yielding to the foolish extravagance of his -mistress. The duchesse received even her tradesmen in an angelic way, -and became their prey. She scattered fortunes to the four winds, and -her indiscretions led to the sale of Anzy in a manner advantageous to -Polydore Milaud de la Baudraye. Some years later she made a vain -attempt to rescue Lucien de Rubempre, against whom a criminal charge -was pending. The Restoration and the Kingdom of 1830 gave to her life -a different lustre. Having fallen heir to the worldly sceptre of -Mesdames de Langeais and de Beauseant, both of whom she knew socially, -she became intimate with the Marquise d'Espard, a lady with whom in -1822 she disputed the right to rule the "fragile kingdom of fashion." -She visited frequently the Chaulieus, whom she met at a famous hunt -near Havre. In July, 1830, reduced to poor circumstances, abandoned by -her husband, who had then become the Prince de Cadignan, and assisted -by her relatives, Mesdames d'Uxelles and de Navarreins, Diane operated -as it were a kind of retreat, occupied herself with her son Georges, -and strengthening herself by the memory of Chrestien, also by -constantly visiting Madame d'Espard, she succeeded, without completely -foregoing society, in making captive the celebrated deputy of the -Right, a man of wealth and maturity, Daniel Arthez himself. In her own -home and in that of Felicite des Touches she heard, between 1832 and -1835, anecdotes of Marsay. The Princess de Cadignan had portraits of -her numerous lovers. She had also one of the _Madame_ whom she had -attended, and upon meeting him, showed it to Marsay, minister of Louis -Philippe. She owned also a picture of Charles X. which was thus -inscribed, "Given by the King." After the marriage of her son to a -Cinq-Cygne, she visited often at the estate of that name, and was -there in 1839, during the regular election. [The Secrets of a -Princess. Modeste Mignon. Jealousies of a Country town. The Muse of -the Department. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Letters of Two Brides. -Another Study of Woman. The Gondreville Mystery. The Member for -Arcis.] - -MAUFRIGNEUSE (Georges de), son of the preceding, born in 1814, had -successively in his service Toby and Marin, took the title of duke -towards the close of the Restoration, was in the last Vendean -uprising. Through his mother's instrumentality, who paved the way for -the match in 1833, he married Mademoiselle Berthe de Cinq-Cygne in -1838, and became heir to the estate of the same name the following -year during the regular election. [The Secrets of a Princess. The -Gondreville Mystery. Beatrix. The Member for Arcis.] - -MAUFRIGNEUSE (Berthe de), wife of the preceding, daughter of Adrien -and Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, married in 1838, although she had been -very nearly engaged in 1833; she lived with all her family on their -property at Aube during the spring of 1839. [Beatrix. The Gondreville -Mystery. The Member for Arcis.] - -MAUGREDIE, celebrated Pyrrhonic physician, being called into -consultation, he gave his judgment on the very serious case of Raphael -de Valentin. [The Magic Skin.] - -MAULINCOUR[*] (Baronne de), born Rieux, an eighteenth century woman -who "did not lose her head" during the Revolution; intimate friend of -the Vidame de Pamiers. At the beginning of the Restoration she spent -half of her time in the suburbs of Saint-Germain, where she managed to -educate her grandson, Auguste Carbonnon de Maulincour, and the -remainder on her estates at Bordeaux, where she demanded the hand of -Natalie Evangelista in marriage for her grand-nephew, Paul de -Manerville. Of the family of this girl she had an unfavorable, but -just opinion. The Baronne de Maulincour died a short time before her -grandson of the chagrin which she felt on account of this young man's -unhappy experiences. [A Marriage Settlement. The Thirteen.] - -[*] Some Maulincourts had, during the last century, a place of - residence on Chausee de Minimes, in the Marais, of which Elie - Magus subsequently became proprietor. - -MAULINCOUR (Auguste Carbonnon de), born in 1797, grandson of the -preceding, by whom he was reared; moulded by the Vidame de Pamiers, -whom he left but rarely; lived on the rue de Bourbon in Paris; had a -short existence, under Louis XVIII., which was full of brilliance and -misfortune. Having embraced a military career he was decorated, -becoming major in a cavalry regiment of the Royal Guard, and -afterwards lieutenant-colonel of a company of body-guards. He vainly -courted Madame de Langeais, fell in love with Clemence Desmarets, -followed her, compromised her, and persecuted her. By his -indiscretions he drew upon himself the violent enmity of Gratien -Bourignard, father of Madame Desmarets. In this exciting struggle -Maulincour, having neglected the warnings that many self-imposed -accidents had brought upon him, also a duel with the Marquis de -Ronquerolles, was fatally poisoned and soon after followed the old -baroness, his grandmother, to Pere-Lachaise. [The Thirteen.] - -MAUNY (Baron de), was killed during the Restoration, or after 1830, in -the suburbs of Versailles, by Victor (the Parisian), who struck him -with a hatchet. The murderer finally took refuge at Aiglemont in the -family of his future mistress, Helene. [A Woman of Thirty.] - -MAUPIN (Camille). (See Touches, Felicite des.) - -MAURICE, valet, employed by the Comte and Comtess de Restaud, during -the Restoration. His master believed his servant to be faithful to his -interests, but the valet, on the contrary, was true to those of the -wife who opposed her husband in everything. [Father Goriot. Gobseck.] - -MEDAL (Robert), celebrated and talented actor, who was on the Parisian -stage in the last years of Louis Philippe, at the time when Sylvain -Pons directed the orchestra in Gaudissart's theatre. [Cousin Pons.] - -MELIN, inn-keeper or "cabaretier" in the west of France, furnished -lodging in 1809 to the Royalists who were afterwards condemned by -Mergi, and himself received five years of confinement. [The Seamy Side -of History.] - -MELMOTH (John), an Irishman of pronounced English characteristics, a -Satanical character, who made a strange agreement with Rodolphe -Castanier, Nucingen's faithless cashier, whereby they were to make a -reciprocal exchange of personalities; in 1821, he died in the odor of -holiness, on rue Ferou, Paris. [Melmoth Reconciled.] - -MEMMI (Emilio). (See Varese, Prince de.) - -MENE-A-BIEN, cognomen of Coupiau. - -MERGI (De), magistrate during the Empire and the Restoration, whose -activity was rewarded by both governments, inasmuch as he always -struck the members of the party out of power. In 1809 the court over -which he presided was charged with the cases of the "Chauffeurs of -Mortagne." Mergi showed great hatred in his dealings with Madame de la -Chanterie. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -MERGI (De), son of the preceding, married Vanda de Bourlac. [The Seamy -Side of History.] - -MERGI (Baronne Vanda de), born Bourlac, of Polish origin on her -mother's side, belonged to the family of Tarlowski, married the son of -Mergi, the celebrated magistrate, and having survived him, was -condemned to poverty and sickness; was aided in Paris by Godefroid, a -messenger from Madame de la Chanterie, and attended by her father and -Doctors Bianchon, Desplein, Haudry and Moise Halpersohn, the last of -whom finally saved her. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -MERGI (Auguste de), during the last half of Louis Philippe's reign was -in turn a collegian, university student and humble clerk in the Palais -at Paris; looked after the needs of his mother, Vanda de Mergi, with -sincerest devotion. For her sake he stole four thousand francs from -Moise Halpersohn, but remained unpunished, thanks to one of the -Brothers of Consolation, who boarded with Madame de la Chanterie. [The -Seamy Side of History.] - -MERKSTUS, banker at Douai, under the Restoration had a bill of -exchange for ten thousand francs signed by Balthazar Claes, and, in -1819, presented it to the latter for collection. [The Quest of the -Absolute.] - -MERLE, captain in the Seventy-second demi-brigade; jolly and careless. -Killed at La Vivetiere in December, 1799, by Pille-Miche (Cibot). [The -Chouans.] - -MERLIN, of Douai, belonged to the convention, of which he was, for two -years, one of the five directors; attorney-general in the court of -appeal; in September, 1805, rejected the appeal of the Simeuses, of -the Hauteserres, and of Michu, men who had been condemned for -kidnapping Senator Malin. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -MERLIN (Hector), came to Paris from Limoges, expecting to become a -journalist; a Royalist; during the two years in which Lucien de -Rubempre made his literary and political beginning, Merlin was -especially noted. At that time he was Suzanne du Val-Noble's lover, -and a polemical writer for a paper of the Right-Centre; he also -brought honor to Andoche Finot's little gazette by his contributions. -As a journalist he was dangerous, and could, if necessary, fill the -chair of the editor-in-chief. In March, 1822, with Theodore Gaillard, -he established the "Reveil," another kind of "Drapeau Blanc." Merlin -had an unattractive face, lighted by two pale-blue eyes, which were -fearfully sharp; his voice had in it something of the mewing of a cat, -something of the hyena's asthmatic gasping. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] - -MERLIN DE LA BLOTTIERE (Mademoiselle), of a noble family of Tours -(1826); Francois Birotteau's friend. [The Vicar of Tours.] - -MERRET (De), gentleman of Picardie, proprietor of the Grande Breteche, -near Vendome, under the Empire; had the room walled up, where he knew -the Spaniard Bagos de Feredia, lover of his wife, was in hiding. He -died in 1816 at Paris as a result of excesses. [La Grande Breteche.] - -MERRET (Madame Josephine de), wife of the preceding, mistress of Bagos -de Feredia, whom she saw perish almost under her eyes, after she had -refused to give him up to her husband. She died in the same year as -Merret, at La Grande Breteche, as a result of the excitement she had -undergone. The story of Madame de Merret was the subject of a -vaudeville production given at the Gymnase-Dramatique under the title -of "Valentine." [La Grande Breteche.] - -METIVIER, paper merchant on rue Serpente in Paris, under the -Restoration; correspondent of David Sechard, friend of Gobseck and of -Bidault, accompanying them frequently to the cafe Themis, between rue -Dauphine and the Quai des Augustins. Having two daughters, and an -income of a hundred thousand francs, he withdrew from business. [Lost -Illusions. The Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] - -METIVIER, nephew and successor of the preceding, one of whose -daughters he married. He was interested in the book business, in -connection with Morand and Barbet; took advantage of Bourlac in 1838; -lived on rue Saint-Dominique d'Enfer, in the Thuillier house in 1840; -engaged in usurious transactions with Jeanne-Marie-Brigitte, Cerizet, -Dutocq, discounters of various kinds and titles. [The Seamy Side of -History. The Middle Classes.] - -MEYNARDIE (Madame), at Paris, under the Restoration, in all -probability, had an establishment or shop in which Ida Gruget was -employed; undoubtedly controlled a house of ill-fame, in which Esther -van Gobseck was a boarder. [The Thirteen. Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] - -MEYRAUX, medical doctor; a scholarly young Parisian, with whom Louis -Lambert associated, November, 1819. Until his death in 1832 Meyraux -was a member of the rue des Quatre-Vents Cenacle, over which Daniel -d'Arthez presided. [Louis Lambert. A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] - -MICHAUD (Justin), an old chief quartermaster to the cuirassiers of the -Imperial Guard, chevalier of the Legion of Honor. He married one of -the Montcornet maids, Olympe Charel, and became, under the -Restoration, head warden of the Montcornet estates at Blangy in -Bourgogne. Unknown to himself he was secretly beloved by Genevieve -Niseron. His military frankness and loyal devotion succumbed before an -intrigue formed against him by Sibilet, steward of Aigues, and by the -Rigous, Soudrys, Gaubertins, Fourchons and Tonsards. On account of the -complicity of Courtecuisse and Vaudoyer the bullet fired by Francois -Tonsard, in 1823, overcame the vigilance of Michaud. [The Peasantry.] - -MICHAUD (Madame Justin), born Olympe Charel, a virtuous and pretty -farmer's daughter of Le Perche; wife of the preceding; chambermaid of -Madame de Montcornet--born Troisville--before her marriage and -induction to Aigues in Bourgogne. Her marriage to Justin Michaud was -the outcome of mutual love. She had in her employ Cornevin, Juliette -and Gounod; sheltered Genevieve Niseron, whose strange disposition she -seemed to understand. For her husband, who was thoroughly hated in the -Canton of Blangy, she often trembled, and on the same night that -Michaud was murdered she died from over-anxiety, soon after giving -birth to a child which did not survive her. [The Peasantry.] - -MICHEL, writer at Socquard's cafe and coffee-house keeper at Soulanges -in 1823. He also looked after his patron's vineyard and garden. [The -Peasantry.] - -MICHONNEAU (Christine-Michelle). (See Poiret, the elder, Madame.) - -MICHU, during the progress of and after the French Revolution he -played a part directly contrary to his regular political affiliations. -His lowly birth, his harsh appearance, and his marriage with the -daughter of a Troyes tanner of advanced opinion, all helped to make -his pronounced Republicanism seem in keeping, although beneath it he -hid his Royalist faith and an active devotion to the Simeuses, the -Hauteserres and the Cinq-Cygnes. Michu controlled the Gondreville -estate between 1789 and 1804, after it was snatched from its rightful -owners, and under the Terror he presided over the Jacobin club at -Arcis. As a result of the assassination of the Duc d'Enghien March 21, -1804, he lost his position at Gondreville. Michu then lived not far -from there, near Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, to whom he made known his -secret conduct, and, as a result, became overseer of all the estate -attached to the castle. Having publicly shown his opposition to Malin, -he was thought guilty of being leader in a plot to kidnap the new -Seigneur de Gondreville, and was consequently condemned to death, a -sentence which was executed, despite his innocence, October, 1806. -[The Gondreville Mystery.] - -MICHU (Marthe), wife of the preceding, daughter of a Troyes tanner, -"the village apostle of the Revolution," who, as a follower of -Baboeuf, a believer in racial and social equality, was put to death. A -blonde with blue eyes, and of perfect build, in accordance with her -father's desire, despite her modest innocence, posed before a public -assembly as the Goddess of Liberty. Marthe Michu adored her husband, -by whom she had a son, Francois, but being ignorant for a long time of -his secret, she lived in a manner separated from him, under her -mother's wing. When she did learn of her husband's Royalist actions, -and that he was devoted to the Cinq-Cygnes, she assisted him, but -falling into a skilfuly contrived plot, she innocently brought about -her husband's execution. A forged letter having attracted her to -Malin's hiding-place, Madame Michu furnished all the necessary -evidence to make the charge of kidnapping seem plausible. She also was -cast into prison and was awaiting trial when death claimed her, -November, 1806. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -MICHU (Francois), son of the preceding couple, born in 1793. In 1803, -while in the service of the house of Cinq-Cygne, he ferreted out the -police-system that Giguet represented. The tragic death of his parents -(a picture of one of them hung on the wall at Cinq-Cygne) caused his -adoption in some way or other by the Marquise Laurence, whose efforts -afterwards paved the way for his career as a lawyer from 1817 to 1819, -an occupation which he left, only to become a magistrate. In 1824 he -was associate judge of the Alencon court. Then he was appointed -attorney of the king and received the cross of the Legion of Honor, -after the suit against Victurnien d'Esgrignon by M. du Bosquier and -the Liberals. Three years later he performed similar duties at the -Arcis court, over which he presided in 1839. Already wealthy, and -receiving an income of twelve thousand francs granted him in 1814 by -Madame de Cinq-Cygne, Francois Michu married a native of Champagne, -Mademoiselle Girel, a Troyes heiress. In Arcis he attended only the -social affairs given by the Cinq-Cygnes, then become allies of the -Cadignans, and in fact never visited any others. [The Gondreville -Mystery. Jealousies of a Country Town. The Member for Arcis.] - -MICHU (Madame Francois), wife of the preceding, born Girel. Like her -husband, she rather looked with scorn upon Arcis society, in 1839, and -departed little from the circle made up of government officers' -families and the Cinq-Cygnes. [The Gondreville Mystery. The Member for -Arcis.] - -MIGEON, in 1836, porter in the rue des Martyrs house in which Etienne -Lousteau lived for three years; he was commissioned for nine hundred -francs by Mme. de la Baudraye, who then lived with the writer, to -carry her jewelry to the pawn-broker. [The Muse of the Department.] - -MIGEON (Pamela), daughter of the preceding, born in 1823; in 1837, the -intelligent little waiting-maid of Madame de la Baudraye, when the -baronne lived with Lousteau. [The Muse of the Department.] - -MIGNON DE LA BASTIE (Charles), born in 1773 in the district of Var, -"last member of the family to which Paris is indebted for the street -and the house built by Cardinal Mignon"; went to war under the -Republic; was closely associated with Anne Dumay. At the beginning of -the Empire, as the result of mutual affection, his marriage with -Bettina Wallenrod only daughter of a Frankfort banker took place. -Shortly before the return of the Bourbons, he was appointed -lieutenant-colonel, and became commander of the Legion of Honor. Under -the Restoration Charles Mignon de la Bastie lived at Havre with his -wife, and acquired forthwith, by means of banking, a large fortune, -which he shortly lost. After absenting himself from the country, he -returned, during the last year of Charles X.'s reign, from the Orient, -having become a multi-millionaire. Of his four children, he lost -three, two having died in early childhood, while Bettina Caroline, the -third, died in 1827, after being misled and finally deserted by M. -d'Estourny. Marie-Modeste was the only child remaining, and she was -confided during her father's journeys to the care of the Dumays, who -were under obligations to the Mignons; she married Ernest de la -Bastie-La Briere (also called La Briere-la Bastie). The brilliant -career of Charles Mignon was the means of his reassuming the title, -Comte de la Bastie. [Modeste Mignon.] - -MIGNON (Madame Charles), wife of the preceding, born Bettina -Wallenrod-Tustall-Bartenstild, indulged daughter of a banker in -Frankfort-on-the-Main. She became blind soon after her elder daughter, -Bettina-Caroline's troubles and early death, and had a presentiment of -the romance connected with her younger daughter, Marie-Modeste, who -became Madame Ernest de la Bastie-La Briere. Towards the close of the -Restoration, Madame Charles Mignon, as the result of an operation by -Desplein, recovered her sight and was a witness of Marie-Modeste's -happiness. [Modeste Mignon.] - -MIGNON (Bettina-Caroline), elder daughter of the preceding couple; -born in 1805, the very image of her father; a typical Southern girl; -was favored by her mother over her younger sister, Marie-Modeste, a -kind of "Gretchen," who was similar in appearance to Madame Mignon. -Bettina-Caroline was seduced, taken away and finally deserted by a -"gentleman of fortune," named D'Estourny, and shortly sank at Havre -under the load of her sins and suffering, surrounded by nearly all of -her family. Since 1827 there has been inscribed on her tomb in the -little Ingouville cemetery the following inscription: "Bettina -Caroline Mignon, died when twenty-two years of age. Pray for her!" -[Modeste Mignon.] - -MIGNON (Marie-Modeste). (See La Bastie-La Briere, Madame Ernest de.) - -MIGNONNET, born in 1782, graduate of the military schools, was an -artillery captain in the Imperial Guard, but resigned under the -Restoration and lived at Issoudun. Short and thin, but of dignified -bearing; much occupied with science; friend of the cavalry officer -Carpentier, with whom he joined the citizens against Maxence Gilet. -Gilet's military partisans, Commandant Potel and Captain Renard, lived -in the Faubourg of Rome, Belleville of the corporation of Berry. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] - -MILAUD, handsome representative of the self-enriched plebeian branch -of Milauds; relative of Jean-Athanase-Polydore Milaud de la Baudraye, -in whose marriage he put no confidence, and from whom he expected to -receive an inheritance. Under the favor of Marchangy, he undertook the -career of a public prosecutor. Under Louis XVIII. he was a deputy at -Angouleme, a position to which he was succeeded by maitre Petit-Claud. -Milaud eventually performed the same duties at Nevers, which was -probably his native country. [Lost Illusions. The Muse of the -Department.] - -MILAUD DE LA BAUDRAYE. (See La Baudraye.) - -MILLET, Parisian grocer, on rue Chanoinesse, in 1836 attended to the -renting of a small unfurnished room in Madame de la Chanterie's house; -gave Godefroid information, after having submitted him to a rigid -examination. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -MINARD (Louis), refractory "chauffeur," connected with the Royalist -insurrection in western France, 1809, was tried at the bar of justice, -where Bourlac and Mergi presided; he was executed the same year that -he was condemned to death. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -MINARD (Auguste-Jean-Francois), as clerk to the minister of finances -he received a salary of fifteen hundred francs. In the florist -establishment of a fellow-workman's sister, Mademoiselle Godard, of -rue Richelieu, he met a clerk, Zelie Lorain, the daughter of a porter. -He fell in love with her, married her, and had by her two children, -Julien and Prudence. He lived near the Courcelles gate, and as an -economical worker of retiring disposition he was made the butt of -J.-J. Bixiou's jests in the Treasury Department. Necessity gave him -fortitude and originality. After giving up his position in December, -1824, Minard opened a trade in adulterated teas and chocolates, and -subsequently became a distiller. In 1835 he was the richest merchant -in the vicinity, having an establishment on the Place Maubert and one -of the best houses on the rue des Macons-Sorbonne. In 1840 Minard -became mayor of the eleventh district, where he lived, judge of the -tribunal of commerce, and officer of the Legion of Honor. He -frequently met his former colleagues of the period of the Restoration: -Colleville, Thuillier, Dutocq, Fleury, Phellion, Xavier Rabourdin, -Saillard, Isidore Baudoyer and Godard. [The Government Clerks. The -Firm of Nucingen. The Middle Classes.] - -MINARD (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Zelie Lorain, daughter of -a porter. On account of her cold and prudent disposition, she did not -persist long in her trial at the Conservatory, but became a florist's -girl in Mademoiselle Godard's establishment on rue Richelieu. After -her marriage to Francois Minard she gave birth to two children, and, -with the help of Madame Lorain, her mother, reared them comfortably -near the Courcelles gate. Under Louis Philippe, having become rich, -and living in that part of the Saint-Germain suburbs which lies next -to Saint-Jacques, she showed, as did her husband, the silly pride of -the enriched mediocrity. [The Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] - -MINARD (Julien), son of the preceding couple, attorney; at first -considered "the family genius." In 1840 he committed some -indiscretions with Olympe Cardinal, creator of "Love's Telegraphy," -played at Mourier's small theatre[*] on the Boulevard. His dissipation -ended in a separation brought about by Julien's parents, who -contributed to the support of the actress, then become Madame Cerizet. -[The Middle Classes.] - -[*] This theatre was built in 1831 on the Boulevard du Temple, where - the first Ambigu had been situated; it was afterwards moved to No. - 40, rue de Bondy, December 30, 1862. - -MINARD (Prudence), sister of the preceding, was sought in marriage by -Felix Gaudissart towards the end of Louis Philippe's reign. [The -Middle Classes. Cousin Pons.] - -MINETTE,[*] vaudeville actress on rue de Chartres, during the -Restoration, died during the first part of the Second Empire, lawful -wife of a director of the Gaz; was well known for her brilliancy, and -was responsible for the saying that "Time is a great faster," quoted -sometimes before Lucien de Rubempre in 1821-22. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] - -[*] Minette married M. Marguerite; she lived in Paris during the - last years of her life in the large house at the corner of - rue Saint-Georges and rue Provence. - -MINORETS (The), representatives of the well-known "company of army -contractors," in which Mademoiselle Sophie Laguerre's steward, who -preceded Gaubertin at Aigues, in Bourgogne, acquired a one-third -share, after giving up his stewardship. [The Peasantry.] The relatives -of Madame Flavie Colleville, daughter of a ballet-dancer, who was -supported by Galathionne and, perhaps, by the contractor, Du -Bourguier, were connected with the Minorets, probably the army -contractor Minorets. [The Government Clerks.] - -MINORET (Doctor Denis), born in Nemours in 1746, had the support -of Dupont, deputy to the States-General in 1789, who was his -fellow-citizen; he was intimate with the Abbe Morellet, also the -pupil of Rouelle the chemist, and an ardent admirer of Diderot's -friend, Bordeu, by means of whom, or his friends, he gained a large -practice. Denis Minoret invented the Lelievre balm, became an -acquaintance and protector of Robespierre, married the daughter of -the celebrated harpsichordist, Valentin Mirouet, died suddenly, soon -after the execution of Madame Roland. The Empire, like the former -governments, recompensed Minoret's ability, and he became consulting -physician to His Imperial and Royal Majesty, in 1805, chief hospital -physician, officer of the Legion of Honor, chevalier of Saint-Michel, -and member of the Institute. Upon withdrawing to Nemours, January, 1815, -he lived there in company with his ward, Ursule Mirouet, daughter of his -brother-in-law, Joseph Mirouet, later Madame Savinien de Portenduere, -a girl whom he had taken care of since she had become an orphan. As -she was the living image of the late Madame Denis Minoret, he loved -her so devotedly that his lawful heirs, Minoret-Levrault, Massin, -Cremiere, fearing that they would lose a large inheritance, mistreated -the adopted child. Doctor Minoret, at the time when he was worried -over their plotting, saw Bouvard, a fellow-Parisian with whom he had -formerly associated, and through his influence interested himself -greatly in the subject of magnetism. In 1835, surrounded by some of -his nearest relatives, Minoret died at an advanced age, having been -converted from the philosophy of Voltaire through the influence of -Ursule, whom he remembered substantially in his will. [Ursule -Mirouet.] - -MINORET-LEVRAULT (Francois), son of the oldest brother of the -preceding, and his nearest heir, born in 1769, strong but uncouth and -illiterate, had charge of the post-horses and was keeper of the best -tavern in Nemours, as a result of his marriage with Zelie -Levrault-Cremiere, an only daughter. After the Revolution of 1830 he -became deputy-mayor. As principle heir to Doctor Minoret's estate he -was the bitterest persecutor of Ursule Mirouet, and made away with the -will which favored the young girl. Later, being compelled to restore -her property, overcome by remorse, and sorrowing for his son, who was -the victim of a runaway, and for his insane wife, Francois -Minoret-Levrault became the faithful keeper of the property of Ursule, -who had then become Madame Savinien de Portenduere. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -MINORET-LEVRAULT (Madame Francois), wife of the preceding, born Zelie -Levrault-Cremiere, physically feeble, sour of countenance and action, -harsh, greedy, as illiterate as her husband, brought him as dower half -of her maiden name (a local tradition) and a first-class tavern. She -was, in reality, the manager of the Nemours post-house. She worshiped -her son Desire, whose tragic death was sufficient punishment for her -avaricious persecutions of Ursule de Portenduere. She died insane in -Doctor Blanche's sanitarium in the village of Passy[*] in 1841. [Ursule -Mirouet.] - -[*] Since 1860 a suburb of Paris. - -MINORET (Desire), son of the preceding couple, born in 1805. Obtained -a half scholarship in the Louis-le-Grand lyceum in Paris, through the -instrumentality of Fontanes, an acquaintance of Dr. Minoret; finally -studied law. Under Goupil's leadership he became somewhat dissipated -as a young man, and loved in turn Esther van Gobseck and Sophie -Grignault--Florine--who, after declining his offer of marriage, became -Madame Nathan. Desire Minoret was not actively associated with his -family in the persecution of Ursule de Portenduere. The Revolution of -1830 was advantageous to him. He took part during the three glorious -days of fighting, received the decoration, and was selected to be -deputy attorney to the king at Fontainebleau. He died as a result of -the injuries received in a runaway, October, 1836. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -MIRAH (Josepha), born in 1814. Natural daughter of a wealthy Jewish -banker, abandoned in Germany, although she bore as a sign of her -identity an anagram of her Jewish name, Hiram. When fifteen years old -and a working girl in Paris, she was found out and misled by Celestine -Crevel, whom she left eventually for Hector Hulot, a more liberal man. -The munificence of the commissary of stores exalted her socially, and -gave her the opportunity of training her voice. Her vocal attainments -established her as a prima donna, first at the Italiens, then on rue -le Peletier. After Hector Hulot became a bankrupt, she abandoned him -and his house on rue Chauchat, near the Royal Academy, where, at -different times, had lived Tullia, Comtesse du Bruel and Heloise -Brisetout. The Duc d'Herouville became Mademoiselle Mirah's lover. -This affair led to an elegant reception on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque to -which all Paris received invitation. Josepha had at all times many -followers. One of the Kellers and the Marquis d'Esgrignon made fools -of themselves over her. Eugene de Rastignac, at that time minister, -invited her to his home, and insisted upon her singing the celebrated -cavatina from "La Muette." Irregular in her habits, whimisical, -covetous, intelligent, and at times good-natured, Josepha Mirah gave -some proof of generosity when she helped the unfortunate Hector Hulot, -for whom she went so far as to get Olympe Grenouville. She finally -told Madame Adeline Hulot of the baron's hiding-place on the Passage -du Soleil in the Petite-Pologne section. [Cousin Betty.] - -MIRAULT, name of one branch of the Bargeton family, merchants in -Bordeaux during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. [Lost -Illusions.] - -MIRBEL (Madame de), well-known miniature-painter from 1796 to 1849; -made successively the portrait of Louise de Chaulieu, given by this -young woman to the Baron de Macumer, her future husband; of Lucien de -Rubempre for Esther Gobseck; of Charles X. for the Princess of -Cadignan, who hung it on the wall of her little salon on rue -Miromesnil, after the Revolution of 1830. This last picture bore the -inscription, "Given by the King." [Letters of Two Brides. Scenes from -a Courtesan's Life. The Secrets of a Princess.] - -MIROUET (Ursule). (See Portenduere, Vicomtesse Savinien de.) - -MIROUET (Valentin), celebrated harpsichordist and instrument-maker; -one of the best known French organists; father-in-law of Doctor -Minoret; died in 1785. His business was bought by Erard. [Ursule -Mirouet.] - -MIROUET (Joseph), natural son of the preceding and brother-in-law of -Doctor Denis Minoret. He was a good musician and of a Bohemian -disposition. He was a regiment musician during the wars in the latter -part of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth centuries. -He passed through Germany, and while there married Dinah Grollman, by -whom he had a daughter, Ursule, later the Vicomtesse de Portenduere, -who had been left a penniless orphan in her early youth. [Ursule -Mirouet.] - -MITANT (La), a very poor woman of Conches in Bourgogne, who was -condemned for having let her cow graze on the Montcornet estate. In -1823 the animal was seized by the deputy, Brunet, and his assistants, -Vermichel and Fourchon. [The Peasantry.] - -MITOUFLET, old grenadier of the Imperial Guard, husband of a wealthy -vineyard proprietress, kept the tavern Soleil d'Or at Vouvray in -Touraine. After 1830 Felix Gaudissart lived there and Mitouflet served -as his second in a harmless duel brought on by a practical joke played -on the illustrious traveling salesman, dupe of the insane Margaritis. -[Gaudissart the Great.] - -MITOUFLET, usher to the minister of war under Louis Philippe, in the -time of Cottin de Wissembourg, Hulot d'Ervy and Marneffe. [Cousin -Betty.] - -MITRAL, a bachelor, whose eyes and face were snuff-colored, a bailiff -in Paris during the Restoration, also at the same time a money-lender. -He numbered among his patrons Molineux and Birotteau. He was invited -to the celebrated ball given in December, 1818, by the perfumer. Being -a maternal uncle of Isidore Baudoyer, connected in a friendly way with -Bidault--Gigonnet--and Esther-Jean van Gobseck, Mitral, by their -good-will, obtained his nephew's appointment to the Treasury, December, -1824. He spent his time then in Isle-Adam, the Marais and the -Saint-Marceau section, places of residence of his numerous family. In -possession of a fortune, which undoubtedly would go later to the -Isidore Baudoyers, Mitral retired to the Seine-et-Oise division. -[Cesar Birotteau. The Government Clerks.] - -MIZERAI, in 1836 a restaurant-keeper on rue Michel-le-Comte, Paris. -Zephirin Marcas took his dinners with him at the rate of nine sous. -[Z. Marcas.] - -MODINIER, steward to Monsieur de Watteville; "governor" of Rouxey, the -patrimonial estate of the Wattevilles. [Albert Savarus.] - -MOINOT, in 1815 mail-carrier for the Chaussee-d'Antin; married and the -father of four children; lived in the fifth story at 11, rue des -Trois-Freres, now known as rue Taitbout. He innocently exposed the -address of Paquita Valdes to Laurent, a servant of Marsay, who -artfully tried to obtain it for him. "My name," said the mail-carrier -to the servant, "is written just like _Moineau_ (sparrow)--M-o-i-n-o-t." -"Certainly," replied Laurent. [The Thirteen.] - -MOISE, Jew, who was formerly a leader of the _rouleurs_ in the South. -His wife, La Gonore, was a widow in 1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] - -MOISE, a Troyes musician, whom Madame Beauvisage thought of employing -in 1839 as the instructor of her daughter, Cecile, at Arcis-sur-Aube. -[The Member for Arcis.] - -MOLINEUX (Jean-Baptiste), Parisian landlord, miserly and selfish. -Mesdames Crochard lived in one of his houses between rue du -Tourniquet-Saint-Jean and rue la Tixeranderie, in 1815. Mesdames -Leseigneur de Rouville and Hippolyte Schinner were also his tenants, -at about the same time, on rue de Surene. Jean-Baptiste Molineux lived -on Cour-Batave during the first part of Louis XVIII.'s reign. He then -owned the house next to Cesar Birotteau's shop on rue Saint-Honore. -Molineux was one of the many guests present at the famous ball of -December 17, 1818, and a few months later was the annoying assignee -connected with the perfumer's failure. [A Second Home. The Purse. -Cesar Birotteau.] - -MOLLOT, through the influence of his wife, Sophie, appointed clerk to -the justice of the peace at Arcis-sur-Aube; often visited Madame -Marion, and saw at her home Goulard, Beauvisage, Giguet, and Herbelot. -[The Member for Arcis.] - -MOLLOT (Madame Sophie), wife of the preceding, a prying, prating -woman, who disturbed herself greatly over Maxime de Trailles during -the electoral campaign in the division of Arcis-sur-Aube, April, 1839. -[The Member for Arcis.] - -MOLLOT (Earnestine), daughter of the preceding couple, was, in 1839, a -young girl of marriageable age. [The Member for Arcis.] - -MONGENOD, born in 1764; son of a grand council attorney, who left him -an income of five or six thousand. Becoming bankrupt during the -Revolution, he became first a clerk with Frederic Alain, under Bordin, -the solicitor. He was unsuccessful in several ventures: as a -journalist with the "Sentinelle," started or built up by him; as a -musical composer with the "Peruviens," an opera-comique given in 1798 -at the Feydau theatre.[*] His marriage and the family expenses -attendant rendered his financial condition more and more embarrassing. -Mongenod had lent money to Frederic Alain, so that he might be present -at the opening performance of the "Marriage de Figaro." He borrowed, -in turn, from Alain a sum of money which he was unable to return at -the time agreed. He set out thereupon for America, made a fortune, -returned January, 1816, and reimbursed Alain. From this time dates the -opening of the celebrated Parisian banking-house of Mongenod & Co. The -firm-name changed to Mongenod & Son, and then to Mongenod Brothers. In -1819 the bankruptcy of the perfumer, Cesar Birotteau, having taken -place, Mongenod became personally interested at the Bourse,[+] in the -affair, negotiating with merchants and discounters. Mongenod died in -1827. [The Seamy Side of History. Cesar Birotteau.] - -[*] The Feydau theatre, with its dependencies on the thoroughfare of - the same name, existed in Paris until 1826 on the site now taken - by the rue de la Bourse. - -[+] The Bourse temporarily occupied a building on rue Feydau, while - the present palace was building. - -MONGENOD (Madame Charlotte), wife of the preceding, in the year 1798 -bore up bravely under her poverty, even selling her hair for twelve -francs that her family might have bread. Wealthy, and a widow after -1827, Madame Mongenod remained the chief adviser and support of the -bank, operated in Paris on rue de la Victoire, by her two sons, -Frederic and Louis. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -MONGENOD (Frederic), eldest of the preceding couple's three children, -received from his thankful parents the given name of M. Alain and -became, after 1827, the head of his father's banking-house on rue de -la Victoire. His honesty is shown by the character of his patrons, -among whom were the Marquis d'Espard, Charles Mignon de la Bastie, the -Baronne de la Chanterie and Godefroid. [The Commission in Lunacy. The -Seamy Side of History.] - -MONGENOD (Louis), younger brother of the preceding, with whom he had -business association on rue de la Victoire, where he was receiving the -prudent advice of his mother, Madame Charlotte Mongenod, when -Godefroid visited him in 1836. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -MONGENOD (Mademoiselle), daughter of Frederic and Charlotte Mongenod, -born in 1799; she was offered in marriage, January, 1816, to Frederic -Alain, who would not accept this token of gratitude from the wealthy -Mongenods. Mademoiselle Mongenod married the Vicomte de Fontaine. [The -Seamy Side of History.] - -MONISTROL, native of Auvergne, a Parisian broker, towards the last -years of Louis Phillippe's reign, successively on rue de Lappe and the -new Beaumarchais boulevard. He was one of the pioneers in the curio -business, along with the Popinots, Ponses, and the Remonencqs. This -kind of business afterwards developed enormously. [Cousin Pons.] - -MONTAURAN (Marquis Alophonse de), was, in the closing years of the -eighteenth century, connected with nearly all of the well-known -Royalist intrigues in France and elsewhere. He frequently visited, -along with Flamet de la Billardiere and the Comte de Fontaine, the -home of Ragon, the perfumer, who was proprietor of the "Reine des -Roses," from which went forth the Royalist correspondence between the -West and Paris. Too young to have been at Versailles, Alphonse de -Montauran had not "the courtly manners for which Lauzun, Adhemar, -Coigny, and so many others were noted." His education was incomplete. -Towards the autumn of 1799 he especially distinguished himself. His -attractive appearance, his youth, and a mingled gallantry and -authoritativeness, brought him to the notice of Louis XVIII., who -appointed him governor of Bretagne, Normandie, Maine and Anjou. Under -the name of Gras, having become commander of the Chouans, in -September, the marquis conducted them in an attack against the Blues -on the plateau of La Pelerine, which extends between Fougeres, -Ille-et-Vilaine, and Ernee, Mayenne. Madame du Gua did not leave him -even then. Alphonse de Montauran sought the hand of Mademoiselle -d'Uxelles, after leaving this, the last mistress of Charette. -Nevertheless, he fell in love with Marie de Verneuil, the spy, who -had entered Bretagne with the express intention of delivering him to -the Blues. He married her in Fougeres, but the Republicans murdered -him and his wife a few hours after their marriage. [Cesar Birotteau. -The Chouans.] - -MONTAURAN (Marquise Alphonse de), wife of the preceding; born -Marie-Nathalie de Verneuil at La Chanterie near Alencon, natural -daughter of Mademoiselle Blanche de Casteran, who was abbess of -Notre-Dame de Seez at the time of her death, and of Victor-Amedee, -Duc de Verneuil, who owned her and left her an inheritance, at the -expense of her legitimate brother. A lawsuit between brother and -sister resulted. Marie-Nathalie lived then with her guardian, the -Marechal Duc de Lenoncourt, and was supposed to be his mistress. -After vainly trying to bring him to the point of marriage she was -cast off by him. She passed through divers political and social paths -during the Revolutionary period. After having shone in court circles -she had Danton for a lover. During the autumn of 1799 Fouche hired -Marie de Verneuil to betray Alphonse de Montauran, but the lovely spy -and the chief of the Chouans fell in love with each other. They were -united in marriage a few hours before their death towards the end of -that year, 1799, in which Jacobites and Chouans fought on Bretagne -soil. Madame de Montauran was attired in her husband's clothes when a -Republican bullet killed her. [The Chouans.] - -MONTAURAN (Marquis de), younger brother of Alphonse de Montauran, was -in London, in 1799, when he received a letter from Colonel Hulot -containing Alphonse's last wishes. Montauran complied with them; -returned to France, but did not fight against his country. He kept his -wealth through the intervention of Colonel Hulot and finally served -the Bourbons in the gendarmerie, where he himself became a colonel. -When Louis Philippe came to the throne, Montauran believed an absolute -retirement necessary. Under the name of M. Nicolas, he became one of -the Brothers of Consolation, who met in Madame de la Chanterie's home -on rue Chanoinesse. He saved M. Auguste de Mergi from being -prosecuted. In 1841 Montauran was seen on rue du Montparnasse, where -he assisted at the funeral of the elder Hulot. [The Chouans. The Seamy -Side of History. Cousin Betty.] - -MONTBAURON (Marquise de), Raphael de Valentin's aunt, died on the -scaffold during the Revolution. [The Magic Skin.] - -MONTCORNET (Marechal, Comte de), Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor, -Commander of Saint-Louis, born in 1774, son of a cabinet-maker in the -Faubourg Saint-Antoine, "child of Paris," mingled in almost all of the -wars in the latter part of the eighteenth and beginning of the -nineteenth centuries. He commanded in Spain and in Pomerania, and was -colonel of cuirassiers in the Imperial Guard. He took the place of his -friend, Martial de la Roche-Hugon in the affections of Madame de -Vaudremont. The Comte de Montcornet was in intimate relations with -Madame or Mademoiselle Fortin, mother of Valerie Crevel. Towards 1815, -Montcornet bought, for about a hundred thousand francs, the Aigues, -Sophie Laguerre's old estate, situated between Conches and Blangy, -near Soulanges and Ville-aux-Fayes. The Restoration allured him. He -wished to have his origin overlooked, to gain position under the new -regime, to efface all memory of the expressive nick-name received from -the Bourgogne peasantry, who called him the "Upholsterer." In the -early part of 1819 he married Virginie de Troisville. His property, -increased by an income of sixty thousand francs, allowed him to live -in state. In winter he occupied his beautiful Parisian mansion on rue -Neuve-des-Mathurins, now called rue des Mathurins, and visited many -places, especially the homes of Raoul Nathan and of Esther Gobseck. -During the summer the count, then mayor of Blangy, lived at Aigues. -His unpopularity and the hatred of the Gaubertins, Rigous, Sibilets, -Soudrys, Tonsards, and Fourchons rendered his sojourn there -unbearable, and he decided to dispose of the estate. Montcornet, -although of violent disposition and weak character, could not avoid -being a subordinate in his own family. The monarchy of 1830 -overwhelmed Montcornet, then lieutenant-general unattached, with -gifts, and gave a division of the army into his command. The count, -now become marshal, was a frequent visitor at the Vaudeville.[*] -Montcornet died in 1837. He never acknowledged his daughter, Valerie -Crevel, and left her nothing. He is probably buried in Pere-Lachaise -cemetery, where a monument was to be raised for him under W. -Steinbock's supervision. Marechal de Montcornet's motto was: "Sound -the Charge." [Domestic Peace. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Peasantry. A -Man of Business. Cousin Betty.] - -[*] A Parisian theatre, situated until 1838 on rue de Chartres. Rue de - Chartres, which also disappeared, although later, was located - between the Palais-Royal square and the Place du Carrousel. - -MONTCORNET (Comtesse de.) (See Blondet, Madame Emile.) - -MONTEFIORE, Italian of the celebrated Milanese family of Montefiore, -commissary in the Sixth of the line under the Empire; one of the -finest fellows in the army; marquis, but unable under the laws of the -kingdom of Italy to use his title. Thrown by his disposition into the -"mould of the Rizzios," he barely escaped being assassinated in 1808 -in the city of Tarragone by La Marana, who surprised him in company -with her daughter, Juana-Pepita-Maria de Mancini, afterwards Francois -Diard's wife. Later, Montefiore himself married a celebrated -Englishwoman. In 1823 he was killed and plundered in a deserted alley -in Bordeaux by Diard, who found him, after being away many years, in a -gambling-house at a watering-place. [The Maranas.] - -MONTES DE MONTEJANOS (Baron), a rich Brazilian of wild and primitive -disposition; towards 1840, when very young, was one of the first -lovers of Valerie Fortin, who became in turn Madame Marneffe and -Madame Celestin Crevel. He saw her again at the Faubourg Saint-Germain -and at the Place or Pate des Italiens, and had occasion for being -envious of Hector Hulot, W. Steinbock and still others. He had revenge -on his mistress by communicating to her a mysterious disease from -which she died in the same manner as Celestin Crevel. [Cousin Betty.] - -MONTPERSAN (Comte de), nephew of a canon of Saint-Denis, upon whom he -called frequently; an aspiring rustic, grown sour on account of -disappointment and deceit; married, and head of a family. At the -beginning of the Restoration he owned the Chateau de Montpersan, eight -leagues from Moulins in Allier, where he lived. In 1819 he received a -call from a young stranger who came to inform him of the death of -Madame de Montpersan's lover. [The Message.] - -MONTPERSAN (Comtesse Juliette de), wife of the preceding, born about -1781, lived at Montpersan with her family, and while there learned -from her lover's fellow-traveler of the former's death as a result of -an overturned carriage. The countess rewarded the messenger of -misfortune in a delicate manner. [The Message.] - -MONTPERSAN (Mademoiselle de), daughter of the preceding couple, was -but a child when the sorrowful news arrived which caused her mother to -leave the table. The child, thinking only of the comical side of -affairs, remarked upon her father's gluttony, suggesting that the -countess' abrupt departure had allowed him to break the rules of diet -imposed by her presence. [The Message.] - -MONTRIVEAU (General Marquis de), father of Armand de Montriveau. -Although a knighted chevalier, he continued to hold fast to the -exalted manners of Bourgogne, and scorned the opportunities which rank -and wealth had offered in his birth. Being an encyclopaedist and "one -of those already mentioned who served the Republic nobly," Montriveau -was killed at Novi near Joubert's side. [The Thirteen.] - -MONTRIVEAU (Comte de), paternal uncle of Armand de Montriveau. -Corpulent, and fond of oysters. Unlike his brother he emigrated, and -in his exile met with a cordial reception by the Dulmen branch of the -Rivaudoults of Arschoot, a family with which he had some relationship. -He died at St. Petersburg. [The Thirteen.] - -MONTRIVEAU (General Marquis Armand de), nephew of the preceding and -only son of General de Montriveau. As a penniless orphan he was -entered by Bonaparte in the school of Chalons. He went into the -artillery service, and took part in the last campaigns of the Empire, -among others that in Russia. At the battle of Waterloo he received -many serious wounds, being then a colonel in the Guard. Montriveau -passed the first three years of the Restoration far away from Europe. -He wished to explore the upper sections of Egypt and Central Africa. -After being made a slave by savages he escaped from their hands by a -bold ruse and returned to Paris, where he lived on rue de Seine near -the Chamber of Peers. Despite his poverty and lack of ambition and -influential friends, he was soon promoted to a general's position. His -association with The Thirteen, a powerful and secret band of men, who -counted among their members Ronquerolles, Marsay and Bourignard, -probably brought him this unsolicited favor. This same freemasonry -aided Montriveau in his desire to have revenge on Antoinette de -Langeais for her delicate flirtation; also later, when still feeling -for her the same passion, he seized her body from the Spanish -Carmelites. About the same time the general met, at Madame de -Beauseant's, Rastignac, just come to Paris, and told him about -Anastasie de Restaud. Towards the end of 1821, the general met -Mesdames d'Espard and de Bargeton, who were spending the evening at -the Opera. Montriveau was the living picture of Kleber, and in a kind -of tragic way became a widower by Antoinette de Langeais. Having -become celebrated for a long journey fraught with adventures, he was -the social lion at the time he ran across a companion of his Egyptian -travels, Sixte du Chatelet. Before a select audience of artists and -noblemen, gathered during the first years of the reign of Louis -Philippe at the home of Mademoiselle des Touches, he told how he had -unwittingly been responsible for the vengeance taken by the husband of -a certain Rosina, during the time of the Imperial wars. Montriveau, -now admitted to the peerage, was in command of a department. At this -time, having become unfaithful to the memory of Antoinette de -Langeais, he became enamored of Madame Rogron, born Bathilde de -Chargeboeuf, who hoped soon to bring about their marriage. In 1839, in -company with M. de Ronquerolles, he beame second to the Duc de -Rhetore, elder brother of Louise de Chaulieu, in his duel with -Dorlange-Sallenauve, brought about because of Marie Gaston. [The -Thirteen. Father Goriot. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris. Another Study of Woman. Pierrette. The Member for Arcis.] - -MORAND, formerly a clerk in Barbet's publishing-house, in 1838 became -a partner; along with Metivier tried to take advantage of Baron de -Bourlac, author of "The Spirit of Modern Law." [The Seamy Side of -History.] - -MOREAU, born in 1772, son of a follower of Danton, procureur-syndic at -Versailles during the Revolution; was Madame Clapart's devoted lover, -and remained faithful almost all the rest of his life. After a very -adventurous life Moreau, about 1805, became manager of the Presles -estate, situated in the valley of the Oise, which was the property of -the Comte de Serizy. He married Estelle, maid of Leontine de Serizy, -and had by her three children. After serving as manager of the estate -for seventeen years, he gave up his position, when his dishonest -dealings with Leger were exposed by Reybert, and retired a wealthy -man. A silly deed of his godson, Oscar Husson, was, more than anything -else, the cause of his dismissal from his position at Presles. Moreau -attained a lofty position under Louis Philippe, having grown wealthy -through real-estate, and became the father-in-law of -Constant-Cyr-Melchior de Canalis. At last he became a prominent deputy -of the Centre under the name of Moreau of the Oise. [A Start in Life.] - -MOREAU (Madame Estelle), fair-skinned wife of the preceding, born of -lowly origin at Saint-Lo, became maid to Leontine de Serizy. Her -fortune made, she became overbearing and received Oscar Husson, son of -Madame Clapart by her first husband, with unconcealed coldness. She -bought the flowers for her coiffure from Nattier, and, wearing some of -them, she was seen, in the autumn of 1822, by Joseph Bridau and Leon -de Lora, who had just arrived from Paris to do some decorating in the -chateau at Serizy. [A Start in Life.] - -MOREAU (Jacques), eldest of the preceding couple's three children, was -the agent between his mother and Oscar Husson at Presles. [A Start in -Life.] - -MOREAU, the best upholsterer in Alencon, rue de la Porte-de-Seez, near -the church; in 1816 furnished Madame du Bousquier, then Mademoiselle -Rose Cormon, the articles of furniture made necessary by M. de -Troisville's unlooked-for arrival at her home on his return from -Russia. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -MOREAU, an aged workman at Dauphine, uncle of little Jacques Colas, -lived, during the Restoration, in poverty and resignation, with his -wife, in the village near Grenoble--a place which was completely -changed by Doctor Benassis. [The Country Doctor.] - -MOREAU-MALVIN, "a prominent butcher," died about 1820. His beautiful -tomb of white marble ornaments rue du Marechal-Lefebvre at -Pere-Lachaise, near the burial-place of Madame Jules Desmarets and -Mademoiselle Raucourt of the Comedie-Francaise. [The Thirteen.] - -MORILLON (Pere), a priest, who had charge, for some time under the -Empire, of Gabriel Claes' early education. [The Quest of the -Absolute.] - -MORIN (La), a very poor old woman who reared La Fosseuse, an orphan, -in a kindly manner in a market-town near Grenoble, but who gave her -some raps on the fingers with her spoon when the child was too quick -in taking soup from the common porringer. La Morin tilled the soil -like a man, and murmured frequently at the miserable pallet on which -she and La Fosseuse slept. [The Country Doctor.] - -MORIN (Jeanne-Marie-Victoire Tarin, veuve), accused of trying to -obtain money by forging signatures to promissory-notes, also of the -attempted assassination of Sieur Ragoulleau; condemned by the Court of -Assizes at Paris on January 11, 1812, to twenty years hard labor. The -elder Poiret, a man who never thought independently, was a witness for -the defence, and often thought of the trial. The widow Morin, born at -Pont-sur-Seine, Aube, was a fellow-countrywoman of Poiret, who was -born at Troyes. [Father Goriot.] Many extracts have been taken from -the items published about this criminal case. - -MORISSON, an inventor of purgative pills, which were imitated by -Doctor Poulain, physician to Pons and the Cibots, when, as a beginner, -he wished to make his fortune rapidly. [Cousin Pons.] - -MORTSAUF (Comte de), head of a Touraine family, which owed to an -ancestor of Louis XI.'s reign--a man who had escaped the gibbet--its -fortune, coat-of-arms and position. The count was the incarnation of -the "refugee." Exiled, either willingly or unwillingly, his banishment -made him weak of mind and body. He married Blanche-Henriette de -Lenoncourt, by whom he had two children, Jacques and Madeleine. On the -accession of the Bourbons he was breveted field-marshal, but did not -leave Clochegourde, a castle brought to him in his wife's dowry and -situated on the banks of the Indre and the Cher. [The Lily of the -Valley.] - -MORTSAUF (Comtesse de),[*] wife of the preceding; born -Blanche-Henriette de Lenoncourt, of the "house of Lenoncourt-Givry, -fast becoming extinct," towards the first years of the Restoration; -was born after the death of three brothers, and thus had a sorrowful -childhood and youth; found a good foster-mother in her aunt, a -Blamont-Chauvry; and when married found her chief pleasure in the care -of her children. This feeling gave her the power to repress the love -which she felt for Felix de Vandenesse, but the effort which this hard -struggle caused her brought on a severe stomach disease of which she -died in 1820. [The Lily of the Valley.] - -[*] Beauplan and Barriere presented a play at the Comedie-Francaise, - having for a heroine Madame de Mortsauf, June 14, 1853. - -MORTSAUF (Jacques de), elder child of the preceding couple, pupil of -Dominis, most delicate member of the family, died prematurely. With -his death the line of Lenoncourt-Givrys proper passed away, for he -would have been their heir. [The Lily of the Valley.] - -MORTSAUF (Madeleine de), sister of the preceding; after her mother's -death she would not receive Felix de Vandenesse, who had been Madame -de Mortsauf's lover. She became in time Duchesse de Lenoncourt-Givry -(See that name). [The Lily of the Valley.] - -MOUCHE, born in 1811, illegitimate son of one of Fourchon's natural -daughters and a soldier who died in Russia; was given a home, when an -orphan, by his maternal grandfather, whom he aided sometimes as -ropemaker's apprentice. About 1823, in the district of Ville-aux-Fayes, -Bourgogne, he profited by the credulity of the strangers whom he was -supposed to teach the art of hunting otter. Mouche's attitude and -conversation, as he came in the autumn of 1823 to the Aigues, -scandalized the Montcornets and their guests. [The Peasantry.] - -MOUCHON, eldest of three brothers who lived in 1793 in the Bourgogne -valley of Avonne or Aigues; managed the estate of Ronquerolles; became -deputy of his division to the Convention; had a reputation for -uprightness; preserved the property and the life of the Ronquerolles; -died in the year 1804, leaving two daughters, Mesdames Gendrin and -Gaubertin. [The Peasantry.] - -MOUCHON, brother of the preceding, had charge of the relay post-house -at Conches, Bourgogne; had a daughter who married the wealthy farmer -Guerbet; died in 1817. [The Peasantry.] - -MOUGIN, born about 1805 in Toulouse, fifth of the Parisian -hair-dressers who, under the name of Marius, successively owned the -same business. In 1845, a wealthy married man of family, captain in -the Guard and decorated after 1832, an elector and eligible to office, -he had established himself on the Place de la Bourse as capillary -artist emeritus, where his praises were sung by Bixiou and Lora to -the wondering Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -MOUILLERON, king's attorney at Issoudun in 1822, cousin to every -person in the city during the quarrels between the Rouget and Bridau -families. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -MURAT (Joachim, Prince). In October, 1800, on the day in which -Bartolomeo de Piombo was presented by Lucien Bonaparte, he was, with -Lannes and Rapp, in the rooms of Bonaparte, the First Consul. He -became Grand Duke of Berg in 1806, the time of the well-known quarrel -between the Simeuses and Malin de Gondreville. Murat came to the -rescue of Colonel Chabert's cavalry regiment at the battle of Eylau, -February 7 and 8, 1807. "Oriental in tastes," he exhibited, even -before acceding to the throne of Naples in 1808, a foolish love of -luxury for a modern soldier. Twenty years later, during a village -celebration in Dauphine, Benassis and Genestas listened to the story -of Bonaparte, as told by a veteran, then became a laborer, who mingled -with his narrative a number of entertaining stories of the bold Murat. -[The Vendetta. The Gondreville Mystery. Colonel Chabert. Domestic -Peace. The Country Doctor.] - -MURET gave information about Jean-Joachim Goriot, his predecessor in -the manufacture of "pates alimentaires." [Father Goriot.] - -MUSSON, well-known hoaxer in the early part of the nineteenth century. -The policeman, Peyrade, imitated his craftiness in manner and disguise -twenty years later, while acting as an English nabob keeping Suzanne -Gaillard. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - - - - N - -NANON, called Nanon the Great from her height (6 ft. 4 in.); born -about 1769. First she tended cows on a farm that she was forced to -leave after a fire; turned away on every side, because of her -appearance, which was repulsive, she became, about 1791, at the age of -twenty-two, a member of Felix Grandet's household at Saumur, where she -remained the rest of her life. She always showed gratitude to her -master for having taken her in. Brave, devoted and serious-minded, the -only servant of the miser, she received as wages for very hard service -only sixty francs a year. However, the accumulations of even so paltry -an income allowed her, in 1819, to make a life investment of four -thousand francs with Monsieur Cruchot. Nanon had also an annuity of -twelve hundred francs from Madame de Bonfons, lived near the daughter -of her former master, who was dead, and, about 1827, being almost -sixty years of age, married Antoine Cornoiller. With her husband, she -continued her work of devoted service to Eugenie de Bonfons. [Eugenie -Grandet.] - -NAPOLITAS, in 1830, secretary of Bibi-Lupin, chief of the secret -police. Prison spy at the Conciergerie, he played the part of a son in -a family accused of forgery, in order to observe closely Jacques -Collin, who pretended to be Carlos Herrera. [Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] - -NARZICOF (Princess), a Russian; had left to the merchant Fritot, -according to his own account, as payment for supplies, the carriage in -which Mistress Noswell, wrapped in the shawl called Selim, returned to -the Hotel Lawson. [Gaudissart II.] - -NATHAN (Raoul), son of a Jew pawn-broker, who died in bankruptcy a -short while after marrying a Catholic, was for twenty-five years -(1820-45) one of the best known writers in Paris. Raoul Nathan touched -upon many branches: the journal, romance, poetry and the stage. In -1821, Dauriat published for him an imaginative work which Lucien de -Rubempre alternately praised and criticized. The harsh criticism was -meant for the publisher only. Nathan then put on the stage the "Alcade -dans l'Embarras"--a comedie called an "imbroglio" and presented at the -Panorama-Dramatique. He signed himself simply "Raoul"; he had as -collaborator Cursy--M. du Bruel. The play was a distinct success. -About the same time, he supplanted Lousteau, lover of Florine, one of -his leading actresses. About this time also Raoul was on terms of -intimacy with Emile Blondet, who wrote him a letter dated from Aigues -(Bourgogne) in which he described the Montcornets, and related their -local difficulties. Raoul Nathan, a member of all the giddy and -dissipated social circles, was with Giroudeau, Finot and Bixiou, a -witness of Philip Bridau's wedding to Madame J.-J. Rouget. He visited -Florentine Cabirolle, when the Marests and Oscar Husson were there, -and appeared often on the rue Saint-Georges, at the home of Esther van -Gobseck, who was already much visited by Blondet, Bixiou and Lousteau. -Raoul, at this time, was much occupied with the press, and made a -great parade of Royalism. The accession of Louis Philippe did not -diminish the extended circle of his relations. The Marquise d'Espard -received him. It was at her house that he heard evil reports of Diane -de Cadignan, greatly to the dissatisfaction of Daniel d'Arthez, also -present. Marie de Vandenesse, just married, noticed Nathan, who was -handsome by reason of an artistic, uncouth ugliness, and elegant -irregularity of features, and Raoul resolved to make the most of the -situation. Although turned Republican, he took very readily to the -idea of winning a lady of the aristocracy. The conquest of Madame the -Comtesse de Vandenesse would have revenged him for the contempt shown -him by Lady Dudley, but, fallen into the hands of usurers, fascinated -with Florine, living in pitiable style in a passage between the rue -Basse-du-Rempart and the rue Neuve-des-Mathurins, and being often -detained on the rue Feydau, in the offices of a paper he had founded, -Raoul failed in his scheme in connection with the countess, whom -Vandenesse even succeeded in restoring to his own affections, by very -skilful play with Florine. During the first years of Louis Philippe's -reign, Nathan presented a flaming and brilliant drama, the two -collaborators in which were Monsieur and Madame Marie Gaston, whose -names were indicated on the hand-bills by stars only. In his younger -days he had had a play of his put on at the Odeon, a romantic work -after the style of "Pinto,"[*] at a time when the classic was -dominant, and the stage had been so greatly stirred up for three days -that the play was prohibited. At another time he presented at the -Theatre-Francais a great drama that fell "with all the honors of war, -amid the roar of newspaper cannon." In the winter of 1837-38, Vanda de -Mergi read a new romance of Nathan's, entitled "La Perle de Dol." The -memory of his social intrigues still haunted Nathan when he returned -so reluctantly to M. de Clagny, who demanded it of him, a printed -note, announcing the birth of Melchior de la Baudraye, as follows: -"Madame la Baronne de la Baudraye is happily delivered of a child; M. -Etienne Lousteau has the honor of announcing it to you." Nathan sought -the society of Madame de la Baudraye, who got from him, in the rue de -Chartres-du-Roule, at the home of Beatrix de Rochefide, a certain -story, to be arranged as a novel, related more or less after the style -of Sainte-Beuve, concerning the Bohemians and their prince, Rusticoli -de la Palferine. Raoul cultivated likewise the society of the Marquise -de Rochefide, and, one evening of October, 1840, a proscenium box at -the Varietes was the means of bringing together Canalis, Nathan and -Beatrix. Received everywhere, perfectly at home in Marguerite -Turquet's boudoir, Raoul, as a member of a group composed of Bixiou, -La Palferine and Maitre Cardot, heard Maitre Desroches tell how -Cerizet made use of Antonia Chocardelle, to "get even" with Maxime de -Trailles. Nathan afterwards married his misress, Florine, whose maiden -name was really Sophie Grignault. [Lost Illusions. A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Secrets of a -Princess. A Daughter of Eve. Letters of Two Brides. The Seamy Side of -History. The Muse of the Department. A Prince of Bohemia. A Man of -Business, The Unconscious Humorists.] - -[*] A drama by Nepomucene Lemercier; according to Labitte, "the first - work of the renovated stage." - -NATHAN,[*] (Madame Raoul), wife of the preceding, born Sophie -Grignault, in 1805, in Bretagne. She was a perfect beauty, her foot -alone left something to be desired. When very young she tried the -double career of pleasure and the stage under the now famous name of -Florine. The details of her early life are rather obscure: Madame -Nathan, as supernumerary of the Gaite, had six lovers, before choosing -Etienne Lousteau in that relation in 1821. She was at that time -closely connected with Florentine Cabirolle, Claudine Chaffaroux, -Coralie and Marie Godeschal. She had also a supporter in Matifat, the -druggist, and lodged on the rue de Bondy, where, after a brilliant -success at the Panorama-Dramatique, with Coralie and Bouffe, she -received in maginficent style the diplomatists, Lucien de Rubempre, -Camusot and others. Florine soon made an advantageous change in lover, -home, theatre and protector; Nathan, whom she afterwards married, -supplanted Lousteau about the middle of Louis Philippe's reign. Her -home was on rue Hauteville intead of rue de Bondy; and she had moved -from the stage of the Panorama to that of the Gymnase. Having made an -engagement at the theatre of the Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle, she met -there her old rival, Coralie, against whom she organized a cabal; she -was distinguished for the brilliancy of her costumes, and brought into -her train of followers successively the opulent Dudley, Desire -Minoret, M. des Grassins, the banker of Saumur, and M. du Rouvre; she -even ruined the last two. Florine's fortune rose during the monarchy -of July. Her association with Nathan subserved, moreover, their mutual -interests; the poet won respect for the actress, who knew moreover how -to make herself formidable by her spirit of intrigue and the tartness -of her sallies of wit. Who did not know her mansion on the rue -Pigalle? Indeed, Madame Nathan was an intimate acquaintance of -Coralie, Esther la Torpille, Claudine du Bruel, Euphrasie, Aquilina, -Madame Theodore Gaillard, and Marie Godeschal; entertained Emile -Blondet, Andoche Finot, Etienne Lousteau, Felicien Vernou, Couture, -Bixiou, Rastignac, Vignon, F. du Tillet, Nucingen, and Conti. Her -apartments were embellished with the works of Bixiou, F. Souchet, -Joseph Bridau, and H. Schinner. Madame de Vandenesse, being somewhat -enamored of Nathan, would have destroyed these joys and this splendor, -without heeding the devotion of the writer's mistress, on the one -hand, or the interference of Vandenesse on the other. Florine, having -entirely won back Nathan, made no delay in marrying him. [The Muse of -the Department. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. -Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. The Government Clerks. A Bachelor's -Establishment. Ursule Mirouet. Eugenie Grandet. The Imaginary -Mistress. A Prince of Bohemia. A Daughter of Eve. The Unconscious -Humorists.] - -[*] On the stage of the Boulevard du Temple Madame Nathan (Florine) - henceforth made a salary of eight thousand francs. - -NAVARREINS (Duc de), born about 1767, son-in-law of the Prince de -Cadignan, through his first marriage; father of Antoinette de -Langeais, kinsman of Madame d'Espard, and cousin of Valentin; accused -of "haughtiness." He was patron of M. du Bruel--Cursy--on his entrance -into the government service; had a lawsuit against the hospitals, -which he entrusted to the care of Maitre Derville. He had Polydore de -la Baudraye dignified to the appointment of collector, in -consideration of his having released him from a debt contracted during -the emigration; held a family council with the Grandlieus and -Chaulieus when his daughter compromised her reputation by accepting an -invitation to the house of Montriveau; was the patron of Victurnien -d'Esgrignon; owned near Ville-aux-Fayes, in the sub-prefecture of -Auxerrois, extensive estates, which were respected by Montcornet's -enemies, the Gaubertins, the Rigous, the Soudrys, the Fourchons, and -the Tonsards; accompanied Madame d'Espard to the Opera ball, when -Jacques Collin and Lucien de Rubempre mystified the marchioness; for -five hundred thousand francs sold to the Graslins his estates and his -Montegnac forest, near Limoges; was an acquaintance of Foedora through -Valentin; was a visitor of the Princesse de Cadignan, after the death -of their common father-in-law, of whom he had little to make boast, -especially in matters of finance. The Duc de Navarrein's mansion at -Paris was on the rue du Bac. [A Bachelor's Establishment. The -Thirteen. Jealousies of a Country Town. The Peasantry. Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life. The Country Parson. The Magic Skin. The Gondreville -Mystery. The Secrets of a Princess. Cousin Betty.] - -NEGREPELISSE (De), a family dating back to the Crusades, already -famous in the times of Saint-Louis, the name of the younger branch of -the "renowned family" of Espard, borne during the restoration in -Angoumois, by M. de Bargeton's father-in-law, M. de Negrepelisse, an -imposing looking old country gentleman, and one of the last -representatives of the old French nobility, mayor of Escarbes, peer of -France, and commander of the Order of Saint-Louis. Negrepelisse -survived by several years his son-in-law, whom he took under his roof -when Anais de Bargeton went to Paris in the summer of 1821. [The -Commission in Lunacy. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] - -NEGREPELISSE (Comte Clement de), born in 1812; cousin of the -preceding, who left him his title. He was the elder of the two -legitimate sons of the Marquis d'Espard. He studied at College Henri -IV., and lived in Paris, under their father's roof, on the rue de la -Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve. The Comte de Negrepelisse seldom visited -his mother, the Marquise d'Espard, who lived apart from her family in -the Faubourg Saint-Honore. [The Commission in Lunacy.] - -NEGRO (Marquis di), a Genoese noble, "Knight Hospitaller endowed with -all known talents," was a visitor, in 1836, of the consul-general of -France, at Genoa, when Maurice de l'Hostal gave before Damaso Pareto, -Claude Vignon, Leon de Lora, and Felicite des Touches, a full account -of the separation, the reconciliation, and, in short, the whole -history of Octave de Bauvan and his wife. [Honorine.] - -NEPOMUCENE, a foundling; servant-boy of Madame Vauthier, manager and -door-keeper of the house on the Boulevard Montparnasse, which was -occupied by the families of Bourlac and Mergi. Nepomucene usually wore -a ragged blouse and, instead of shoes, gaiters or wooden clogs. To his -work with Madame Vauthier was added daily work in the wood-yards of -the vicinity, and, on Sundays and Mondays, during the summer, he -worked also with the wine-merchants at the barrier. [The Seamy Side of -History.] - -NERAUD, a physician at Provins during the Restoration. He ruined his -wife, who was the widow of a grocer named Auffray, and who had married -him for love. He survived her. Being a man of doubtful character and a -rival of Dr. Martener, Neraud attached himself to the party of Gouraud -and Vinet, who represented Liberal ideas; he failed to uphold -Pierrette Lorrain, the granddaughter of Auffray, against her -guardians, the Rogrons. [Pierrette.] - -NERAUD (Madame), wife of the preceding. Married first to Auffray, the -grocer, who was sixty years old; she was only thirty-eight at the -beginning of her widowhood; she married Dr. Neraud almost immediately -after the death of her first husband. By her first marriage she had a -daughter, who was the wife of Major Lorrain, and the mother of -Pierrette. Madame Neraud died of grief, amid squalid surroundings, two -years after her second marriage. The Rogrons, descended from old -Auffray by his first marriage, had stripped her of almost all she had. -[Pierrette.] - -NICOLAS. (See Montauran, Marquis de.) - -NINETTE, born in 1832, "rat" at the Opera in Paris, was acquainted -with Leon de Lora and J.-J. Bixiou, who called Gazonal's attention to -her in 1845. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -NOLLAND (Abbe), the promising pupil of Abbe Roze. Concealed during the -Revolution at the house of M. de Negrepelisse, near Barbezieux, he had -in charge the education of Marie-Louise-Anais (afterwards Madame de -Bargeton), and taught her music, Italian and German. He died in 1802. -[Lost Illusions.] - -NISERON, curate of Blangy (Bourgogne) before the Revolution; -predecessor of Abbe Brossette in this curacy; uncle of Jean-Francois -Niseron. He was led by a childish but innocent indiscretion on the -part of his great-niece, as well as by the influence of Dom Rigou, to -disinherit the Niserons in the interests of the Mesdemoiselles -Pichard, house-keepers in his family. [The Peasantry.] - -NISERON (Jean-Francois), beadle, sacristan, chorister, bell-ringer, -and grave-digger of the parish of Blangy (Bourgogne), during the -Restoration; nephew and only heir of Niseron the cure; born in 1751. -He was delighted at the Revolution, was the ideal type of the -Republican, a sort of Michel Chrestien of the fields; treated with -cold disdain the Pichard family, who took from him the inheritance, to -which he alone had any right; lived a life of poverty and -sequestration; was none the less respected; was of Montcornet's party -represented by Brossette; their opponent, Gregoire Rigou, felt for him -both esteem and fear. Jean-Francois Niseron lost, one after another, -his wife and his two children, and had by his side, in his old days, -only Genevieve, natural daughter of his deceased son, Auguste. [The -Peasantry.] - -NISERON (Auguste), son of the preceding; soldier of the Republic and -of the Empire; while an artilleryman in 1809, he seduced, at Zahara, a -young Montenegrin, Zena Kropoli, who died, at Vincennes, early in the -year 1810, leaving him an infant daughter. Thus he could not realize -his purpose of marrying her. He himself was killed, before Montereau, -during the year 1814, by the bursting of a shell. [The Peasantry.] - -NISERON (Genevieve), natural daughter of the preceding and the -Montenegrin woman, Zena Kropoli; born in 1810, and named Genevieve -after a paternal aunt; an orphan from the age of four, she was reared -in Bourgogne by her grandfather, Jean-Francois Niseron. She had her -father's beauty and her mother's peculiarities. Her patronesses, -Madame Montcornet and Madame de Michaud, bestowed upon her the surname -Pechina, and, to guard her against Nicholas Tonsard's attentions, -placed her in a convent at Auxerre, where she might acquire skill in -sewing and forget Justin Michaud, whom she loved unconsciously. [The -Peasantry.] - -NOEL, book-keeper for Jean-Jules Popinot of Paris, in 1828, at the -time that the judge questioned the Marquis d'Espard, whose wife tried -to deprive him of the right to manage his property. [The Commission in -Lunacy.] - -NOSWELL (Mistress), a rich and eccentric Englishwoman, who was in -Paris at the Hotel Lawson about the middle of Louis Philippe's reign; -after much mental debate she bought of Fritot the shawl called Selim, -which he said at first it was "impossible" for him to sell. -[Gaudissart II.] - -NOUASTRE (Baron de), a refugee of the purest noble blood. A ruined -man, he returned to Alencon in 1800, with his daughter, who was -twenty-two years of age, and found a home with the Marquis -d'Esgrignon, and died of grief two months later. Shortly afterwards -the marquis married the orphan daughter. [Jealousies of a Country -Town.] - -NOURRISSON (Madame), was formerly, under the Empire, attached to the -service of the Prince d'Ysembourg in Paris. The sight of the -disorderly life of a "great lady" of the times decided Madame -Nourrisson's profession. She set up shop as a dealer in old clothes, -and was also known as mistress of various houses of shame. Intimate -relations with Jacqueline Collin, continued for more than twenty -years, made this two-fold business profitable. The two matrons -willingly exchanged, at times, names and business signs, resources and -profits. It was in the old clothes shop, on the rue Neuve-Saint-Marc, -that Frederic de Nucingen bargained for Esther van Gobseck. Towards -the end of Charles X.'s reign, one of Madame Nourrisson's -establishments, on rue Saint-Barbe, was managed by La Gonore; in the -time of Louis Philippe another--a secret affair--existed at the -so-called "Pate des Italiens"; Valerie Marneffe and Wenceslas Steinbock -were once caught there together. Madame Nourrisson, first of the name, -evidently continued to conduct her business on the rue Saint-Marc, -since, in 1845, she narrated the minutiae of it to Madame Mahuchet -before an audience composed of the well-known trio, Bixiou, Lora and -Gazonal, and related to them her own history, disclosing to them the -secrets of her own long past beginnings in life. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life. Cousin Betty. The Unconscious Humorists.] - -NOUVION (Comte de), a noble refugee, who had returned in utter -poverty; chevalier of the Order of Saint-Louis; lived in Paris in -1828, subsisting on the delicately disguised charity of his friend, -the Marquis d'Espard, who made him superintendent of the publication, -at No. 22 rue de la Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve, of the "Picturesque -History of China," and offered him a share in the possible profits of -the work. [The Commission in Lunacy.] - -NOVERRE, a celebrated dancer, born in Paris 1727; died in 1807; was -the rather unreliable customer of Chevrel the draper, father-in-law -and predecessor of Guillaume at the Cat and Racket. [At the Sign of -the Cat and Racket.] - -NUCINGEN (Baron Frederic de), born, probably at Strasbourg, about -1767. At that place he was formerly clerk to M. d'Aldrigger, an -Alsatian banker. Of better judgment than his employer, he did not -believe in the success of the Emperor in 1815 and speculated very -skilfully on the battle of Waterloo. Nucingen now carried on business -alone, and on his own account, in Paris and elsewhere; he thus -prepared by degrees the famous house of the rue Saint-Lazare, and laid -the foundation of a fortune, which, under Louis Philippe, reached -almost eighteen million francs. At this period he married one of the -two daughters of a rich vermicelli-maker, Mademoiselle Delphine -Goriot, by whom he had a daughter, Augusta, eventually the wife of -Eugene de Rastignac. From the first years of the Restoration may be -dated the real brilliancy of his career, the result of a combination -with the Kellers, Ferdinand du Tillet, and Eugene de Rastignac in the -successful manipulation of schemes in connection with the Wortschin -mines, followed by opportune assignments and adroitly managed cases of -bankruptcy. These various combinations ruined the Ragons, the -Aiglemonts, the Aldriggers, and the Beaudenords. At this time, too, -Nucingen, though clamorously declaring himself an out-and-out -Bourbonist, turned a deaf ear to Cesar Birotteau's appeals for credit, -in spite of knowing of the latter's consistent Royalism. There was a -time in the baron's life when he seemed to change his nature; it was -when, after giving up his hired dancer, he madly entered upon an amour -with Esther van Gobseck, alarmed his physician, Horace Bianchon, -employed Corentin, Georges, Louchard, and Peyrade, and became -especially the prey of Jacques Collin. After Esther's suicide, in May, -1830, Nuncingen abandoned "Cythera," as Chardin des Lupeaulx had done -before, and became again a man of figures, and was overwhelmed with -favors: insignia, the peerage, and the cross of grand officer of the -Legion of Honor. Nucingen, being respected and esteemed, in spite of -his blunt ways and his German accent, was a patron of Beaudenord, and -a frequent guest of Cointet, the minister; he went everywhere, and, at -the mansion of Mademoiselle des Touches, heard Marsay give an account -of some of his old love-affairs; witnessed, before Daniel d'Arthez, -the calumniation of Diane de Cadignan by every one present in Madame -d'Espard's parlor; guided Maxime de Trailles between the hands, or, -rather, the clutches of Claparon-Cerizet; accepted the invitation of -Josepha Mirah to her reception on the rue Ville-l'Eveque. When -Wenceslas Steinbock married Hortense Hulot, Nucingen and Cottin de -Wissembourg were the bride's witnesses. Furthermore, their father, -Hector Hulot d'Ervy, borrowed of him more than a hundred thousand -francs. The Baron de Nucingen acted as sponsor to Polydore de la -Baudraye when he was admitted to the French peerage. As a friend of -Ferdinand du Tillet, he was admitted on most intimate terms to the -boudoir of Carabine, and he was seen there, one evening in 1845, along -with Jenny Cadine, Gazonal, Bixiou, Leon de Lora, Massol, Claude -Vignon, Trailles, F. du Bruel, Vauvinet, Marguerite Turquet, and the -Gaillards of the rue Menars. [The Firm of Nucingen. Father Goriot. -Pierrette. Cesar Birotteau. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial -at Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. Another Study of Woman. The -Secrets of a Princess. A Man of Business. Cousin Betty. The Muse of -the Department. The Unconscious Humorists.] - -NUCINGEN (Baronne Delphine de), wife of the preceding, born in 1792, -of fair complexion; the spoiled daughter of the opulent -vermicelli-maker, Jean-Joachim Goriot; on the side of her mother, who -died young, the granddaughter of a farmer. In the latter period of the -Empire she contracted, greatly to her taste, a marriage for money. -Madame de Nucingen formerly had as her lover Henri de Marsay, who -finally abandoned her most cruelly. Reduced, at the time of Louis XVIII., -to the society of the Chaussee-d'Antin, she was ambitious to be admitted -to the Faubourg Saint-Germain, a circle of which her elder sister, -Madame de Restaud, was a member. Eugene de Rastignac opened to her the -parlor of Madame de Beauseant, his cousin, rue de Greville, in 1819, -and, at about the same time, became her lover. Their liaison lasted -more than fifteen years. An apartment on the rue d'Artois, fitted up -by Jean-Joachim Goriot, sheltered their early love. Having entrusted -to Rastignac a certain sum for play at the Palais-Royal, the baroness -was able with the proceeds to free herself of a humiliating debt to -Marsay. Meanwhile she lost her father. The Nucingen carriage, without -an occupant, however, followed the hearse. [Father Goriot.] Madame de -Nucingen entertained a great deal on the rue Saint-Lazare. It was -there that Auguste de Maulincour saw Clemence Desmarets, and Adolphe -des Grassins met Charles Grandet. [The Thirteen. Eugenie Grandet.] -Cesar Birotteau, on coming to beg credit of Nucingen, as also did -Rodolphe Castanier, immediately after his forgery, found themselves -face to face with the baroness. [Cesar Birotteau. Melmoth Reconciled.] -At this period, Madame de Nucingen took the box at the Opera which -Antoinette de Langeais had occupied, believing undoubtedly, said -Madame d'Espard, that she would inherit her charms, wit and success. -[Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. The Commission -in Lunacy.] According to Diane de Cadignan, Delphine had a horrible -journey when she went to Naples by sea, of which she brought back a -most painful reminder. The baroness showed a haughty and scornful -indulgence when her husband became enamored of Esther van Gobseck. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Forgetting her origin she dreamed of -seeing her daughter Augusta become Duchesse d'Herouville; but the -Herouvilles, knowing the muddy source of Nucingen's millions, declined -this alliance. [Modeste Mignon. The Firm of Nucingen.] Shortly after -the year 1830, the baroness was invited to the house of Felicite des -Touches, where she saw Marsay once more, and heard him give an account -of an old love-affair. [Another Study of woman.] Delphine aided Marie -de Vandenesse and Nathan to the extent of forty thousand francs during -the checkered course of their intrigues. She remembered indeed having -gone through similar experiences. [A Daughter of Eve.] About the -middle of the monarchy of July, Madame de Nucingen, as mother-in-law -of Eugene de Rastignac, visited Madame d'Espard and met Maxime de -Trailles and Ferdinand du Tillet in the Faubourg Saint-Germain. [The -Member for Arcis.] - -NUEIL (De), proprietor of the domain of the Manervilles, which, -doubtless, descended to the younger son, Gaston. [The Deserted Woman.] - -NUEIL (Madame de), wife of the preceding, survived her husband, and -her eldest son, became the dowager Comtesse de Nueil, and afterwards -owned the domain of Manerville, to which she withdrew in retirement. -She was the type of the scheming mother, careful and correct, but -worldly. She matched off Gaston, and was thereby involuntarily the -cause of his death. [The Deserted Woman.] - -NUEIL (De), eldest son of the preceding, died of consumption in the -reign of Louis XVIII., leaving the title of Comte de Nueil to his -younger brother, Baron Gaston. [The Deserted Woman.] - -NUEIL (Gaston de), son of the Nueils and brother of the preceding, -born about 1799, of good extraction and with fortune suitable to his -rank. He went, in 1822, to Bayeux, where he had family connections, in -order to recuperate from the wearing fatigues of Parisian life; had an -opportunity to force open the closed door of Claire de Beauseant, who -had been living in retirement in that vicinity ever since the marriage -of Miguel d'Ajuda-Pinto to Berthe de Rochefide; he fell in love with -her, his love was reciprocated, and for nearly ten years he lived with -her as her husband in Normandie and Switzerland. Albert Savarus, in -his autobiographical novel, "L'Ambitieux par Amour," made a vague -reference to them as living together on the shore of Lake Geneva. -After the Revolution of 1830, Gaston de Nueil, already rich from his -Norman estates that afforded an income of eighteen thousand francs, -married Mademoiselle Stephanie de la Rodiere. Wearying of the marriage -tie, he wished to renew his former relations with Madame de Beauseant. -Exasperated by the haughty repulse at the hands of his former -mistress, Nueil killed himself. [The Deserted Woman. Albert Savarus.] - -NUEIL (Madame Gaston de), born Stephanie de la Rodiere, about 1812, a -very insignificant character, married, at the beginning of Louis -Philippe's reign, Gaston de Nueil, to whom she brought an income of -forty thousand francs a year. She was enceinte after the first month -of her marriage. Having become Countess de Nueil, by succession, upon -the death of her brother-in-law, and being deserted by Gaston, she -continued to live in Normandie. Madame Gaston de Nueil survived her -husband. [The Deserted Woman.] - - - - O - -O'FLAHARTY (Major), maternal uncle of Raphael de Valentin, to whom he -bequeathed ten millions upon his death in Calcutta, August, 1828. [The -Magic Skin.] - -OIGNARD, in 1806 was chief clerk to Maitre Bordin, a Parisian lawyer. -[A Start in Life.] - -OLGA, daughter of the Topinards, born in 1840. She was not a -legitimate child, as her parents were not married at the time when -Schmucke saw her with them in 1846. He loved her for the beauty of her -light Teutonic hair. [Cousin Pons.] - -OLIVET, an Angouleme lawyer, succeeded by Petit-Claude. [Lost -Illusions.] - -OLIVIER was in the service of the policeman, Corentin and Peyrade, -when they found the Hauteserres and the Simeuses with the Cinq-Cygne -family in 1803. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -OLIVIER (Monsieur and Madame), first in the employ of Charles X. as -outrider and laundress; had charge of three children, of whom the -eldest became an under notary's clerk; were finally, under Louis -Philippe, servants of the Marneffes and of Mademoiselle Fischer, to -whom, through craftiness or gratitude, they devoted themselves -exclusively. [Cousin Betty.] - -ORFANO (Duc d'), title of Marechal Cottin. - -ORGEMONT (D'), wealthy and avaricious banker, proprietor at Fougeres, -bought the Abbaye de Juvigny's estate. He remained neutral during the -Chouan insurrection of 1799 and came into contact with Coupiau, -Galope-Chopine, and Mesdames du Gua-Saint-Cyr and de Montauran. [The -Chouans.] - -ORGEMONT (D'), brother of the preceding, a Breton priest who took the -oath of allegiance. He died in 1795 and was buried in a secluded spot, -discovered and preserved by M. d'Orgemont, the banker, as a place of -hiding from the fury of the Vendeans. [The Chouans.] - -ORIGET, famous Tours physician; known to the Mortsaufs, chatelains of -Clochegourde. [The Lily of the Valley.] - -ORSONVAL (Madame d'), frequently visited the Cruchot and Grandet -families at Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -OSSIAN, valet in the service of Mougin, the well-known hair-dresser on -the Place de la Bourse, in 1845. Ossian's duty was to show the patrons -out, and in this capacity he attended Bixiou, Lora and Gazonal. [The -Unconscious Humorists.] - -OTTOBONI, an Italian conspirator who hid in Paris. In 1831, on dining -at the Giardinis on rue Froidmanteau, he became acquainted with the -Gambaras. [Gambara.] - - - - P - -PACCARD, released convict, in Jacques Collin's clutches, well known as -a thief and drunkard. He was Prudence Servien's lover, and both were -employed by Esther van Gobseck at the same time, Paccard being a -footman; lived with a carriage-maker on rue de Provence, in 1829. -After stealing seven hundred and fifty thousand francs, which had been -left by Esther van Gobseck, he was obliged to give up seven hundred -and thirty thousand of them. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -PACCARD (Mademoiselle), sister of the preceding, in the power of -Jacqueline Collin. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -PALMA, Parisian banker of the Poissoniere suburbs; had, during the -regime of the Restoration and of July, great fame as a financier. He -was "private counsel for the Keller establishment." Birotteau, the -perfumer, at the time of his financial troubles, vainly asked him for -help. [The Firm of Nucingen. Cesar Birotteau.] With Werbrust as a -partner he dealt in discounts as shrewdly as did Gobseck and Bidault, -and thus was in a position to help Lucien de Rubempre. [Gobseck. Lost -Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] He was also M. -Werbrust's associate in the muslin, calico and oil-cloth establishment -at No. 5 rue du Sentier, when Maximilien was so friendly with the -Fontaines. [The Ball at Sceaux.] - -PAMIERS (Vidame de), "oracle of Faubourg Saint-Germain at the time of -the Restoration," a member of the family council dealing with -Antoinette de Langeais, who was accused of compromising herself with -Montriveau. Past-commander of the Order of Malta, prominent in both -the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, old and confidential friend -of the Baronne de Maulincour. Pamiers reared the young Baron Auguste -de Maulincour, defending him with all his power against Bourignard's -hatred. [The Thirteen.] As a former intimate friend of the Marquis -d'Esgrignon, the vidame introduced the Vicomte d'Esgrignon--Victurnien ---to Diane de Maufrigneuse. An intimate friendship between the young -man and the future Princess de Cadignan was the result. [Jealousies of -a Country Town.] - -PANNIER, merchant and banker after 1794; treasurer of the "brigands"; -connected with the uprising of the Chauffeurs of Mortagne in 1809. -Having been condemned to twenty years of hard labor, Pannier was -branded and placed in the galleys. Appointed lieutenant-general under -Louis XVIII., he governed a royal castle. He died without children. -[The Seamy Side of History.] - -PARADIS, born in 1830; Maxime de Trailles' servant-boy or "tiger"; -quick and bold; made a tour, during the election period in the spring -of 1839, through the Arcis-sur-Aube district, with his master, meeting -Goulard, the sub-prefect, Poupart, the tavern-keeper, and the -Maufrigneuses and Mollots of Cinq-Cygne. [The Member for Arcis.] - -PARQUOI (Francois), one of the Chouans, for whom Abbe Gudin held a -funeral mass in the heart of the forest, not far from Fougeres, in the -autumn of 1799. Francois Parquoi died, as did Nicolas Laferte, Joseph -Brouet and Sulpice Coupiau, of injuries received at the battle of La -Pelerine and at the siege of Fougeres. [The Chouans.] - -PASCAL, porter of the Thuilliers in the Place de la Madeleine house; -acted also as beadle at La Madeleine church. [The Middle Classes.] - -PASCAL (Abbe), chaplain at Limoges prison in 1829; gentle old man. He -tried vainly to obtain a confession from Jean-Francois Tascheron, who -had been imprisoned for robbery followed by murder. [The Country -Parson.] - -PASTELOT, priest in 1845, in the Saint-Francois church in the Marais, -on the street now called rue Charlot; watched over the dead body of -Sylvain Pons. [Cousin Pons.] - -PASTUREAU (Jean Francois), in 1829, owner of an estate in Isere, the -value of which was said to have been impaired by the passing by of -Doctor Benassis' patients. [The Country Doctor.] - -PATRAT (Maitre), notary at Fougeres in 1799, an acquaintance of -D'Orgemont, the banker, and introduced to Marie de Verneuil by the old -miser. [The Chouans.] - -PATRIOTE, a monkey, which Marie de Verneuil, its owner, had taught to -counterfeit Danton. The craftiness of this animal reminded Marie of -Corentin. [The Chouans.] - -PAULINE, for a long time Julie d'Aiglemont's waiting-maid. [A Woman of -Thirty.] - -PAULMIER, employed under the Restoration in the Ministry of Finance in -Isidore Baudoyer's bureau of Flamet de la Billardiere's division. -Paulmier was a bachelor, but quarreled continually with his married -colleague, Chazelles. [The Government Clerks.] - -PAZ (Thaddee), Polish descendant of a distinguished Florentine family, -the Pazzi, one of whose members had become a refugee in Poland. Living -contemporaneously with his fellow-citizen and friend, the Comte Adam -Mitgislas Laginski, like him Thaddee Paz fought for his country, later -on following him into exile in Paris, during the reign of Louis -Philippe. Bearing up bravely in his poverty, he was willing to become -steward to the count, and he made an able manager of the Laginski -mansion. He gave up this position, when, having become enamored of -Clementine Laginska, he saw that he could no longer control his -passion by means of a pretended mistress, Marguerite Turquet, the -horsewoman. Paz (pronounced Pac), who had willingly assumed the title -of captain, had seen the Steinbocks married. His departure from France -was only feigned, and he once more saw the Comtesse Laginska, during -the winter of 1842. At Rusticoli he took her away from La Palferine, -who was on the point of carrying her away. [The Imaginary Mistress. -Cousin Betty.] - -PECHINA (La), nick-name of Genevieve Niseron. - -PEDEROTTI (Signor), father of Madame Maurice de l'Hostal. He was a -Genoa banker; gave his only daughter a dowry of a million; married her -to the French consul, and left her, on dying six months later in -January, 1831, a fortune made in grain and amounting to two millions. -Pederotti had been made count by the King of Sardinia, but, as he left -no male heir, the title became extinct. [Honorine.] - -PELLETIER, one of Benassis' patients in Isere, who died in 1829, was -buried on the same day as the last "cretin," which had been kept on -account of popular superstition. Pelletier left a wife, who saw -Genestas, and several children, of whom the eldest, Jacques, was born -about 1807. [The Country Doctor.] - -PEN-HOEL (Jacqueline de), of a very old Breton family, lived at -Guerande, where she was born about 1780. Sister-in-law of the -Kergarouets of Nantes, the patrons of Major Brigaut, who, despite the -displeasure of the people, did not themselves hesitate to assume the -name of Pen-Hoel. Jacqueline protected the daughters of her younger -sister, the Vicomtesse de Kergarouet. She was especially attracted to -her eldest niece, Charlotte, to whom she intended to give a dowry, as -she desired the girl to marry Calyste du Guenic, who was in love with -Felicite des Touches. [Beatrix.] - -PEROUX (Abbe), brother of Madame Julliard; vicar of Provins during the -Restoration. [Pierrette.] - -PERRACHE, small hunchback, shoemaker by trade, and, in 1840, porter in -a house belonging to Corentin on rue Honore-Chevalier, Paris. [The -Middle Classes.] - -PERRACHE (Madame), wife of the preceding, often visited Madame -Cardinal, niece of Toupillier, one of Corentin's renters. [The Middle -Classes.] - -PERRET, with his partner, Grosstete, preceded Pierre Graslin in a -banking-house at Limoges, in the early part of the nineteenth century. -[The Country Parson.] - -PERRET (Madame), wife of the preceding, an old woman in 1829, -disturbed herself, as did every one in Limoges, over the assassination -committed by Jean-Francois Tascheron. [The Country Parson.] - -PERROTET, in 1819, laborer on Felix Grandet's farm in the suburbs of -Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -PETIT-CLAUD, son of a very poor tailor of L'Houmeau, a suburb of -Angouleme, where he pursued his studies in the town lyceum, becoming -acquainted at the same time with Lucien de Rubempre. He studied law at -Poitiers. On going back to the chief city of La Charente, he became -clerk to Maitre Olivet, an attorney whom he succeeded. Now began -Petit-Claud's period of revenge for the insults which his poverty and -homeliness had brought on. He met Cointet, the printer, and went into -his employ, although at the same time he feigned allegiance to the -younger Sechard, also a printer. This conduct paved the way for his -accession to the magistracy. He was in turn deputy and king's -procureur. Petit-Claud did not leave Angouleme, but made a profitable -marriage in 1822 with Mademoiselle Francoise de la Haye, natural -daughter of Francis du Hautoy and of Madame de Senonches. [Lost -Illusions.] - -PETIT-CLAUD (Madame), wife of the preceding, natural daughter of -Francis du Hautoy and of Madame de Senonches; born Francoise de la -Haye, given into the keeping of old Madame Cointet; married through -the instrumentality of Madame Cointet's son, the printer, known as -Cointet the Great. Madame Petit-Claud, though insignificant and -forward, was provided with a very substantial dowry. [Lost Illusions.] - -PEYRADE, born about 1758 in Provence, Comtat, in a large family of -poor people who eked out a scant subsistence on a small estate called -Canquoelle. Peyrade, paternal uncle of Theodose de la Peyrade, was of -noble birth, but kept the fact secret. He went from Avignon to Paris -in 1776, where he entered the police force two years later. Lenoir -thought well of him. Peyrade's success in life was impaired only by -his immoralities; otherwise it would have been much more brilliant and -lasting. He had a genius for spying, also much executive ability. -Fouche employed him and Corentin in connection with the affair of -Gondreville's imaginary abduction. A kind of police ministry was given -to him in Holland. Louis XVIII. counseled with him and gave him -employment, but Charles X. held aloof from this shrewd employe. -Peyrade lived in poverty on rue des Moineaux with an adored daughter, -Lydie, the child of La Beaumesnil of the Comedie-Francaise. Certain -events brought him into the notice of Nucingen, who employed him in -the search for Esther Gobseck, at the same time warning him against -the courtesan's followers. The police department, having been told of -this arrangement by the so-called Abbe Carlos Herrera, would not -permit him to enter into the employ of a private individual. Despite -the protection of his friend, Corentin, and the talent as a policeman, -which he had shown under the assumed names of Canquoelle and -Saint-Germain, especially in connection with F. Gaudissart's seizure, -Peyrade failed in his struggle with Jacques Collin. His excellent -transformation into a nabob defender of Madame Theodore Gaillard made -the former convict so angry that, during the last years of the -Restoration, he took revenge on him by making away with him. Peyrade's -daughter was abducted and he died from the effects of poison. [The -Gondreville Mystery. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -PEYRADE (Lydie).[*] (See La Peyrade, Madame Theodose de.) - -[*] Under the title of "Lydie" a portion of the life of Peyrade's - daughter was used in a play presented at the Theatre des Nations, - now Theatre de Paris, but the author did not publish his play. - -PHELLION, born in 1780, husband of a La Perche woman, who bore him -three children, two of whom were sons, Felix and Marie-Theodore, and -one a daughter, who became Madame Burniol; clerk in the Ministry of -Finance, Xavier Rabourdin's bureau, division of Flamet de la -Billardiere, a position which he held until the close of 1824. He -upheld Rabourdin, who, in turn, often defended him. While living on -rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques near the Sourds-Muets, he taught -history, literature and elementary ethics to the students of -Mesdemoiselles La Grave. The Revolution of July did not affect him; -even his retirement from service did not cause him to give up the home -in which he remained for at least thirty years. He bought for eighteen -thousand francs a small house on Feuillantines lane, now rue des -Feuillantines, which he occupied, after he had improved it, in a -serious Bourgeois manner. Phellion was a major in the National Guard. -For the most part he still had the same friends, meeting and visiting -frequently Baudoyer, Dutocq, Fleury, Godard, Laudigeois, Rabourdin, -Madame Poiret the elder, and especially the Colleville, Thuillier and -Minard families. His leisure time was occupied with politics and art. -At the Odeon he was on a committee of classical reading. His political -influence and vote were sought by Theodose de la Peyrade in the -interest of Jerome Thuillier's candidacy for the General Council; for -Phellion favored another candidate, Horace Bianchon, relative of the -highly-honored J.-J. Popinot. [The Government Clerks. The Middle -Classes.] - -PHELLION (Madame), wife of the preceding; belonged to a family who -lived in a western province. Her family being so large that the income -of more than nine thousand francs, pension and rentals, was -insufficient, she continued, under Louis Philippe, to give lessons in -harmony to Mesdemoiselles La Grave, as in the Restoration, with the -strictness observed in her every-day life. - -PHELLION (Felix), eldest son of the preceding couple, born in 1817; -professor of mathematics in a Royal college at Paris, then a member of -the Academy of Sciences, and chevalier of the Legion of Honor. By his -remarkable works and his discovery of a star, he was thus made famous -before he was twenty-five years old, and married, after this fame had -come to him, Celeste-Louise-Caroline-Brigette Colleville, the sister -of one of his pupils and a woman for whom his love was so strong that -he gave up Voltairism for Catholicism. [The Middle Classes.] - -PHELLION (Madame Felix), wife of the preceding; born -Celeste-Louise-Caroline-Brigitte Colleville. Although M. and Madame -Colleville's daughter, she was reared almost entirely by the Thuilliers. -Indeed, M. L.-J. Thuillier, who had been one of Madame Flavie -Colleville's lovers, passed for Celeste's father. M., Madame and -Mademoiselle Thuillier were all determined to give her their Christian -names and to make up a large dowry for her. Olivier Vinet, Godeschal, -Theodose de la Peyrade, all wished to marry Mademoiselle Colleville. -Nevertheless, although she was a devoted Christian, she loved Felix -Phellion, the Voltairean, and married him after his conversion to -Catholicism. [The Middle Classes.] - -PHELLION (Marie-Theodore), Felix Phellion's younger brother, in 1840 -pupil at the Ecole des Ponts et Chaussees. [The Middle Classes.] - -PHILIPPART (Messieurs), owners of a porcelain manufactory at Limoges, -in which was employed Jean-Francois Tascheron, the murderer of Pingret -and Jeanne Malassis. [The Country Parson.] - -PHILIPPE, employed in Madame Marie Gaston's family; formerly an -attendant of the Princesse de Vauremont; later became the Duc Henri de -Chaulieu's servant; finally entered Marie Gaston's household, where he -was employed after his wife's decease. [Letters of Two Brides. The -Member for Arcis.] - -PICHARD (Mademoiselle), house-keeper of Niseron, vicar of Blangy in -Bourgogne. Prior to 1789 she brought her niece, Mademoiselle Arsene -Pichard, to his house. [The Peasantry.] - -PICHARD (Arsene), niece of the preceding. (See Rigou, Madame -Gregoire.) [The Peasantry.] - -PICOT (Nepomucene), astronomer and mathematician, friend of Biot after -1807, author of a "Treatise on Differential Logarithms," and -especially of a "Theory of Perpetual Motion," four volumes, quarto, -with engravings, Paris, 1825; lived, in 1840, No. 9 rue du -Val-de-Grace. Being very near-sighted and erratic, the prey of his -thieving servant, Madame Lambert, his family thought that he needed a -protector. Being instructor of Felix Phellion, with whom he took a -trip to England, Picot made known his pupil's great ability, which the -boy had modestly kept secret, at the home of the Thuilliers, Place de -la Madeleine, before an audience composed of the Collevilles, Minards -and Phellions. Celeste Colleville's future was thus determined. As -Picot was decorated late in life, his marriage to a wealthy and -eccentric Englishwoman of forty was correspondingly late. After -passing through a successful operation for a cancer, he returned "a -new man," to the home of the Thuilliers. He was led through gratitude -to leave to the Felix Phellions the wealth brought him by Madame -Picot. [The Middle Classes.] - -PICQUOISEAU (Comtesse), widow of a colonel. She and Madame de -Vaumerland boarded with one of Madame Vauquer's rivals, according to -Madame de l'Ambermesnil. [Father Goriot.] - -PIUS VII. (Barnabas Chiaramonti), lived from 1740 till 1823; pope. -Having been asked by letter in 1806, if a woman might go _decollete_ -to the ball or to the theatre, without endangering her welfare, he -answered his correspondent, Madame Angelique de Granville, in a manner -befitting the gentle Fenelon. [A Second Home.] - -PIEDEFER (Abraham), descendant of a middle class Calvinist family of -Sancerre, whose ancestors in the sixteenth century were skilled -workmen, and subsequently woolen-drapers; failed in business during -the reign of Louis XVI.; died about 1786, leaving two sons, Moise and -Silas, in poverty. [The Muse of the Department.] - -PIEDEFER (Moise), elder son of the preceding, profited by the -Revolution in imitating his forefathers; tore down abbeys and -churches; married the only daughter of a Convention member who had -been guillotined, and by her had a child, Dinah, later Madame Milaud -de la Baudraye; compromised his fortune by his agricultural -speculations; died in 1819. [The Muse of the Department.] - -PIEDEFER (Silas), son of Abraham Piedefer, and younger brother of the -preceding; did not receive, as did Moise Piedefer, his part of the -small paternal fortune; went to the Indies; died, about 1837, in New -York, with a fortune of twelve hundred thousand francs. This money was -inherited by his niece, Madame de la Baudraye, but was seized by her -husband. [The Muse of the Department.] - -PIEDEFER (Madame Moise), sister-in-law of the preceding, unaffable and -excessively pious; pensioned by her son-in-law; lived successively in -Sancerre and at Paris with her daughter, Madame de la Baudraye, whom -she managed to separate from Etienne Lousteau. [The Muse of the -Department.] - -PIERQUIN, born about 1786, successor to his father as notary in Douai; -distant cousin of the Molina-Claes of rue de Paris, through the -Pierquins of Antwerp; self-interested and positive by nature; aspired -to the hand of Marguerite Claes, eldest daughter of Balthazar, who -afterwards became Madame Emmanuel de Solis; finally married Felicie, a -younger sister of his first choice, in the second year of Charles X.'s -reign. [The Quest of the Absolute.] - -PIERQUIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Felicie Claes, found, -as a young girl, a second mother in her elder sister, Marguerite. [The -Quest of the Absolute.] - -PIERQUIN, brother-in-law of the preceding; physician who attended the -Claes at Douai. [The Quest of the Absolute.] - -PIERROT, assumed name of Charles-Amedee-Louis-Joseph Rifoel, Chevalier -du Vissard. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -PIERROTIN, born in 1781. After having served in the cavalry, he left -the service in 1815 to succeed his father as manager of a stage-line -between Paris and Isle-Adam--an undertaking which, though only -moderately successful, finally flourished. One morning in the autumn -of 1822, he received as passengers, at the Lion d'Argent, some people, -either famous or of rising fame, the Comte Hugret de Serizy, Leon de -Lora and Joseph Bridau, and took them to Presles, a place near -Beaumont. Having become "coach-proprietor of Oise," in 1838 he married -his daughter, Georgette, to Oscar Husson, a high officer, who, upon -retiring, had been appointed to a collectorship in Beaumont, and who, -like the Canalises and the Moreaus, had for a long time been one of -Pierrotin's customers. [A Start in Life.] - -PEITRO, Corsican servant of the Bartolomeo di Piombos, kinsmen of -Madame Luigi Porta. [The Vendetta.] - -PIGEAU, during the Restoration, at one time head-carrier and -afterwards owner of a small house, which he had built with his own -hands and on a very economical basis, at Nanterre (between Paris and -Saint-Germain-in-Laye). [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -PIGEAU (Madame), wife of the preceding; belonged to a family of wine -merchants. After her husband's death, about the end of the -Restoration, she inherited a little property, which caused her much -unhappiness, in consequence of her avarice and distrust. Madame Pigeau -was planning to remove from Nanterre to Saint-Germain with a view to -living there on her annuity, when she was murdered with her servant -and her dogs, by Theodore Calvi, in the winter of 1828-29. [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life.] - -PIGERON, of Auxerre, was murdered, it is said, by his wife; be that as -it may, the autopsy, entrusted to Vermut, a druggist of Soulanges, in -Bourgogne, proved the use of poison. [The Peasantry.] - -PIGOULT, was head clerk in the office where Malin de Gondreville and -Grevin studied pettifogging; was, about 1806, first justice of the -peace at Arcis, and then president of the tribunal of the same town, -at the time of the lawsuit in connection with the abduction of Malin, -when he and Grevin were the prosecuting attorneys. [The Gondreville -Mystery.] In the neighborhood of 1839, Pigoult was still living, -having his home in the ward. At that time he made public recognition -of Pantaleon, Marquis de Sallenauve, and supposed father of Charles -Dorlange, Comte de Sallenauve, thus serving the interests, or rather -the ambitions, of deputy. [The Member for Arcis.] - -PIGOULT, son of the preceding, acquired the hat manufactory of Phileas -Beauvisage, made a failure of the undertaking, and committed suicide; -but appeared to have had a natural, though sudden, death. [The Member -for Arcis.] - -PIGOULT (Achille), son of the preceding and grandson of the next -preceding, born in 1801. A man of unattractive personality, but of -great intelligence, he supplanted Grevin, and, in 1819, was the -busiest notary of Arcis. Gondreville's influence, and his intimacy -with Beauvisage and Giguet, were the causes of his taking a prominent -part in the political contests of that period; he opposed Simon -Giguet's candidacy, and successfully supported the Comte de -Sallenauve. The introduction of the Marquis Pantaleon de Sallenauve to -old Pigoult was brought about through Achille Pigoult, and assured a -triumph for the sculptor, Sallenauve-Dorlange. [The Member for Arcis.] - -PILLERAULT (Claude-Joseph), a very upright Parisian trader, proprietor -of the Cloche d'Or, a hardware establishment on the Quai de la -Ferraille; made a modest fortune, and retired from business in 1814. -After losing, one after another, his wife, his son, and an adopted -child, Pillerault devoted his life to his niece, -Constance-Barbe-Josephine, of whom he was guardian and only relative. -Pillerault lived on the rue des Bourdonnais, in 1818, occupying a small -apartment let to him by Camusot of the Cocon d'Or. During that period, -Pillerault was remarkable for the intelligence, energy and courage -displayed in connection with the unfortunate Birotteaus, who were -falling into bad repute. He found out Claparon, and terrified Molineux, -both enemies of the Birotteaus. Politics and the Cafe David, situated -between the rue de la Monnaie and the rue Saint-Honore, consumed the -leisure hours of Pillerault, who was a stoical and staunch Republican; -he was exceedingly considerate of Madame Vaillant, his house-keeper, -and treated Manuel, Foy, Perier, Lafayette and Courier as gods. [Cesar -Birotteau.] Pillerault lived to a very advanced age. The Anselme -Popinots, his grand-nephew and grand-niece, paid him a visit in 1844. -Poulain cured the old man of an illness when he was more than eighty -years of age; he then owned an establishment (rue de Normandie, in the -Marais), managed by the Cibots, and counting among its occupants the -Chapoulot family, Schmucke and Sylvain Pons. [Cousin Pons.] - -PILLERAULT (Constance-Barbe-Josephine). (See Birotteau, Madame Cesar.) - -PIMENTEL (Marquis and Marquise de), enjoyed extended influence during -the Restoration, not only with the society element of Paris, but -especially in the department of Charente, where they spent their -summers. They were reputed to be the wealthiest land-owners around -Angouleme, were on intimate terms with their peers, the Rastignacs, -together with whom they composed the shining lights of the Bargeton -circle. [Lost Illusions.] - -PINAUD (Jacques), a "poor linen-merchant," the name under which M. -d'Orgemont, a wealthy broker of Fougeres, tried to conceal his -identity from the Chouans, in 1799, to avoid being a victim of their -robbery. [The Chouans.] - -PINGRET, uncle of Monsieur and Madame des Vauneaulx; a miser, who -lived in an isolated house in the Faubourg Saint-Etienne, near -Limoges; robbed and murdered, with his servant Jeanne Malassis, one -night in March, 1829, by Jean-Francois Tascheron. [The Country -Parson.] - -PINSON, long a famous Parisian restaurant-keeper of the rue de -l'Ancienne-Comedie, at whose establishment Theodose de la Peyrade, -reduced, in the time of Louis Philippe, to the uttermost depths of -poverty, dined, at the expense of Cerizet and Dutocq, at a cost of -forty-seven francs; there also these three men concluded a compact to -further their mutual interests. [The Middle Classes.] - -PIOMBO (Baron Bartolomeo di), born in 1738, a fellow-countryman and -friend of Napoleon Bonaparte, whose mother he had protected during the -Corsican troubles. After a terrible vendetta, carried out in Corsica -against all the Portas except one, he had to leave his country, and -went in great poverty to Paris with his family. Through the -intercession of Lucien Bonaparte, he saw the First Consul (October, -1800) and obtained property, titles and employment. Piombo was not -without gratitude; the friend of Daru, Drouot, and Carnot, he gave -evidence of devotion to his benefactor until the latter's death. The -return of the Bourbons did not deprive him entirely of the resources -that he had acquired. For his Corsican property Bartolomeo received of -Madame Letitia Bonaparte a sum which allowed him to purchase and -occupy the Portenduere mansion. The marriage of his adored daughter, -Ginevra, who, against her father's will, became the wife of the last -of the Portas, was a source of vexation and grief to Piombo, that -nothing could diminish. [The Vendetta.] - -PIOMBO (Baronne Elisa di), born in 1745, wife of the preceding and -mother of Madame Porta, was unable to obtain from Bartolomeo the -pardon of Ginevra, whom he would not see after her marriage. [The -Vendetta.] - -PIOMBO (Ginevra di). (See Porta, Madame Luigi.) - -PIOMBO (Gregorio di), brother of the preceding, and son of Bartolomeo -and Elisa di Piombo; died in his infancy, a victim of the Portas, in -the vendetta against the Piombos. [The Vendetta.] - -PIQUETARD (Agathe). (See Hulot d'Ervy, Baronne Hector.) - -PIQUOIZEAU, porter of Frederic de Nucingen, when Rodolphe Castanier -was cashier at the baron's bank. [Melmoth Reconciled.] - -PLAISIR, an "illustrious hair-dresser" of Paris; in September, 1816, -on the rue Taitbout, he waited on Caroline Crochard de Bellefeuille, -at that time mistress of the Comte de Granville. [A Second Home.] - -PLANCHETTE, an eminent professor of mechanics, consulted by Raphael de -Valentin on the subject of the wonderful piece of shagreen that the -young man had in his possession; he took him to Spieghalter, the -mechanician, and to Baron Japhet, the chemist, who tried in vain to -stretch this skin. The failure of science in this effort was a cause -of amazement to Planchette and Japhet. "They were like Christians come -from the tomb without finding a God in heaven." Planchette was a tall, -thin man, and a sort of poet always in deep contemplation. [The Magic -Skin.] - -PLANTIN, a Parisian publicist, was, in 1834, editor of a review, and -aspired to the position of master of requests in the Council of State, -when Blondet recommended him to Raoul Nathan, who was starting a great -newspaper. [A Daughter of Eve.] - -PLISSOUD, like Brunet, court-crier at Soulanges (Bourgogne), and -afterwards Brunet's unfortunate competitor. He belonged, during the -Restoration, to the "second" society of his village, witnessed his -exclusion from the "first" by reason of the misconduct of his wife, -who was born Euphemie Wattebled. Being a gambler and a drinker, -Plissoud did not save any money; for, though he was appointed to many -offices, they were all lacking in lucrativeness; he was insurance -agent, as well as agent for a society that insured against the chances -for conscription. Being an enemy of Soudry's party, Maitre Plissoud -might readily have served, especially for pecuniary considerations, -the interests of Montcornet, proprietor at Aigues. [The Peasantry.] - -PLISSOUD (Madame Euphemie), wife of the preceding and daughter of -Wattebled; ruled the "second" society of Soulanges, as Madame Soudry -did the first, and though married to Plissoud, lived with Lupin as if -she were his wife. [The Peasantry.] - -POIDEVIN, was, in the month of November, 1806, second clerk of Maitre -Bordin, a Paris attorney. [A Start in Life.] - -POINCET, an old and unfortunate public scribe, and interpreter at the -Palais de Justice of Paris; about 1815, he went with Christemio to see -Henri de Marsay, in order to translate the words of the messenger of -Paquita Valdes. [The Thirteen.] - -POIREL (Abbe), a priest of Tours; advanced to the canonry at the time -that Monsieur Troubert and Mademoiselle Gamard persecuted Abbe -Francois Birotteau. [The Vicar of Tours.] - -POIRET, the elder, born at Troyes. He was the son of a clerk and of a -woman whose wicked ways were notorious and who died in a hospital. -Going to Paris with a younger brother, they became clerks in the -Department of Finance under Robert Lindet; there he met Antoine, the -office boy; he left the department, in 1816, with a retiring pension, -and was replaced by Saillard. [The Government Clerks.] Afflicted with -cretinism he remained a bachelor because of the horror inspired by the -memory of his mother's immoral life; he was a confirmed _idemiste_, -repeating, with slight variation, the words of those with whom he was -conversing. Poiret established himself on the rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve, -at Madame Vauquer's private boarding-house; he occupied the second story -at the widow's house, became intimate with Christine-Michelle Michonneau -and married her, when Horace Bianchon demanded the exclusion of this -young woman from the house for denouncing Jacques Collin (1819). [Father -Goriot.] Poiret often afterwards met M. Clapart, an old comrade whom he -had found again on the rue de la Cerisaie; had apartments on the rue des -Poules and lost his health. [A Start in Life. Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] He died during the reign of Louis Philippe. [The Middle Classes.] - -POIRET (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Christine-Michelle -Michonneau, in 1779, doubtless had a stormy youth. Pretending to have -been persecuted by the heirs of a rich old man for whom she had cared, -Christine-Michelle Michonneau went, during the Restoration, to board -with Madame Vauquer, the third floor of the house on rue -Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve; made Poiret her squire; made a deal with -Bibi-Lupin--Gondureau--to betray Jacques Collin, one of Madame Vauquer's -guests. Having thus sated her cupidity and her bitter feelings, -Mademoiselle Michonneau was forced to leave the house on rue -Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve, at the formal demand of Bianchon, another of the -guests. [Father Goriot.] Accompanied by Poiret, whom she afterwards -married, she moved to the rue des Poules and rented furnished rooms. -Being summoned before the examining magistrate Camusot (May, 1830), she -recognized Jacques Collin in the pseudo Abbe Carlos Herrera. [Scenes -from a Courtesan's Life.] Ten years later, Madame Poiret, now a widow, -was living on a corner of the rue des Postes, and numbered Cerizet -among her lodgers. [The Middle Classes.] - -POIRET, the younger, brother of Poiret the elder, and brother-in-law -of the preceding, born in 1771; had the same start, the same -instincts, and the same weakness of intellect as the elder; ran the -same career, overwhelmed with work under Lindet; remained at the -Treasury as copying clerk ten years longer than Poiret the elder, was -also book-keeper for two merchants, one of whom was Camusot of the -Cocon d'Or; he lived on the rue du Martroi; dined regularly at the -Veau qui Tette, on the Place du Chatelet; bought his hats of Tournan, -on rue Saint-Martin; and, a victim of J.-J. Bixiou's practical jokes, -he wound up by being business clerk in the office of Xavier Rabourdin. -Being retired on January 1, 1825, Poiret the younger counted on living -at Madame Vauquer's boarding-house. [The Government Clerks.] - -POLISSARD, appraiser of the wood of the Ronquerolles estate in 1821; -at this time, probably on the recommendation of Gaubertin, he employed -as agent for the wood-merchant, Vaudoyer, a peasant of Ronquerolles, -who had shortly before been discharged from the post of forest-keeper -of Blangy (Bourgogne). [The Peasantry.] - -POLLET, book-publisher in Paris, in 1821; a rival of Doguereau; -published "Leonide ou La Vieille de Suresnes," a romance by Victor -Ducange; had business relations with Porchon and Vidal; was at their -establishment, when Lucien de Rubempre presented to them his "Archer -de Charles IX." [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -POMBRETON (Marquis de), a genuine anomaly; lieutenant of the black -musketeers under the old regime, friend of the Chevalier de Valois, -who prided himself on having lent him for assistance in leaving the -country, twelve hundred pistoles. Pombreton returned this loan -afterwards, almost beyond a question of doubt, but the fact of the -case always remained unknown, for M. de Valois, an unusually -successful gamester, was interested in spreading a report of the -return of this loan, to shadow the resources that he derived from the -gaming table; and so five years later, about 1821, Etienne Lousteau -declared that the Pombreton succession and the Maubreuil[*] affair -were among the most profitable "stereotypes" of journalism. Finally, -Le Courrier de l'Orne of M. du Bousquier published, about 1830, these -lines: "A certificate for an income of a thousand francs a year will -be awarded to the person who can show the existence of a M. de -Pombreton before, during, or after the emigration." [Lost Illusions. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -[*] Maubreuil died at the end of the Second Empire. - -POMPONNE (La). (See Toupinet, Madame.) - -PONS (Sylvain)[*], born about 1785; son of the old age of Monsieur and -Madame Pons, who, before 1789, founded the famous Parisian house for -the embroidery of uniforms that was bought, in 1815, by M. Rivet, -first cousin of the first Madame Camusot of the Cocon d'Or, sole heir -of the famous Pons brothers, embroiderers to the Court; under the -Empire, he won the Prix de Rome for musical composition, returned to -Paris about 1810, and was for many years famous for his romances and -melodies which were full of delicacy and good taste. From his stay in -Italy, Pons brought back the tastes of the bibliomaniac and a love for -works of art. His passion for collecting consumed almost his entire -patrimony. Pons became Sauvageot's rival. Monistrol and Elie Magus -felt a hidden but envious appreciation of the artistic treasures -ingeniously and economically collected by the musician. Being ignorant -of the rare value of his museum, he went from house to house, giving -private lessons in harmony. This lack of knowledge proved his ruin -afterwards, for he became all the more fond of paintings, stones and -furniture, as lyric glory was denied him, and his ugliness, coupled -with his supposed poverty, kept him from getting married. The -pleasures of a gourmand replaced those of the lover; he likewise found -some consolation for his isolation in his friendship with Schmucke. -Pons suffered from his taste for high living; he grew old, like a -parasitic plant, outside the circle of his family, only tolerated by -his distant cousins, the Camusot de Marvilles, and their connections, -Cardot, Berthier and Popinot. In 1834, at the awarding of the prize to -the young ladies of a boarding-school, he met the pianist Schmucke, a -teacher as well as himself, and in the strong intimacy that grew up -between them, he found some compensation for the blighted hopes of his -existence. Sylvain Pons was director of the orchestra at the theatre -of which Felix Gaudissart was manager during the monarchy of July. He -had Schmucke admitted there, with whom he passed several happy years, -in a house, on the rue de Normandie, belonging to C.-J. Pillerault. -The bitterness of Madeleine Vivet and Amelie Camusot de Marville, and -the covetousness of Madame Cibot, the door-keeper, and Fraisier, -Magus, Poulain and Remonencq were perhaps the indirect causes of the -case of hepatitis of which Pons died (in April, 1845), appointing -Schmucke his residuary legatee before Maitre Leopold Hannequin, who -had been hastily summoned by Heloise Brisetout. Pons was on the point -of being employed to compose a piece of ballet music, entitled "Les -Mohicans." This work most likely fell to his successor, Garangeot. -[Cousin Pons.] - -[*] M. Alphonse de Launay has derived from the life of Sylvain Pons a - drama that was presented at the Cluny theatre, Paris, about 1873. - -POPINOT, alderman of Sancerre in the eighteenth century; father of -Jean-Jules Popinot and Madame Ragon (born Popinot). He was the officer -whose portrait, painted by Latour, adorned the walls of Madame Ragon's -parlor, during the Restoration, at her home in the Quartier -Saint-Sulpice, Paris. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -POPINOT (Jean-Jules), son of the preceding, brother of Madame Ragon, -and husband of Mademoiselle Bianchon--of Sancerre--embraced the -profession of law, but did not attain promptly the rank which his -powers and integrity deserved. Jean-Jules Popinot remained for a long -time a judge of a lower court in Paris. He took a deep interest in the -fate of the young orphan Anselme Popinot, his nephew, and a clerk of -Cesar Birotteau; and was invited with Madame Jean-Jules Popinot to the -perfumer's famous ball, on Sunday, December 17, 1818. Nearly eighteen -months later, Jean-Jules Popinot once more saw Anselme, who was set up -as a druggist on the rue des Cinq-Diamants, and met Felix Gaudissart, -the commercial-traveler, and tried to excuse certain imprudent -utterances of his on the political situation, that had been reported -by Canquoelle-Peyrade, the police-agent. [Cesar Birotteau.] Three -years later he lost his wife, who had brought him, for dowry, an -income of six thousand francs, representing exactly twice his personal -assets. Living from this time at the rue de Fouarre, Popinot was able -to give free rein to the exercise of charity, a virtue that had become -a passion with him. At the urgent instance of Octave de Bauvan, -Jean-Jules Popinot, in order to aid Honorine, the Count's wife, sent -her a pretended commission-merchant, probably Felix Gaudissart, -offering a more than generous price for the flowers she made. -[Honorine.] Jean-Jules Popinot eventually established a sort of -benevolent agency. Lavienne, his servant, and Horace Bianchon, his -wife's nephew aided him. He relieved Madame Toupinet, a poor woman on -the rue du Petit-Banquier, from want (1828). Madame d'Espard's request -for a guardian for her husband served to divert Popinot from his role -of Saint Vincent de Paul; a man of rare delicacy hidden beneath a rough -and uncultured exterior, he immediately discovered the injustice of the -wrongs alleged by the marchioness, and recognized the real victim in -M. d'Espard, when he cross-questioned him at No. 22 rue de la -Montagne-Sainte-Genevieve, in an apartment, the good management of -which he seemed to envy, though the rooms were simply furnished, and -in striking contrast with the splendor of which he had been a witness, -at the home of the marchioness in the Faubourg Saint-Honore. A delay -caused by a cold in the head, and especially the influence of Madame -d'Espard's intrigues, removed Popinot from the cause, in which Camusot -was substituted. [The Commission in Lunacy.] We have varying accounts -of Jean-Jules Popinot's last years. Madame de la Chanterie's circle -mourned the death of the judge in 1833 [The Seamy Side of History.] -and Phellion in 1840. J.-J. Popinot probably died at No. 22 rue de la -Montagne-Saint-Genevieve, in the apartment that he had already -coveted, being a counselor to the court, municipal counselor of Paris, -and a member of the General Council of the Seine. [The Middle -Classes.] - -POPINOT (Anselme), a poor orphan, and nephew of the preceding and of -Madame Ragon (born Popinot), who took charge of him in his infancy. -Small of stature, red-haired, and lame, he gladly became clerk to -Cesar Birotteau, the Paris perfumer of the Reine des Roses, the -successor of Ragon, with whom he did a great deal of work, in order to -be able to show appreciation for the favor shown a part of his family, -that was well-nigh ruined as a result of some bad investments (the -Wortschin mines, 1818-19). Anselme Popinot, being secretly in love -with Cesarine Birotteau, his employer's daughter--the feeling being -reciprocated, moreover--brought about, so far as his means allowed, -the rehabilitation of Cesar, thanks to the profits of his drug -business, established on the rue des Cinq-Diamants, between 1819 and -1820. The beginning of his great fortune and of his domestic happiness -dated from this time. [Cesar Birotteau.] After Birotteau's death, -about 1822, Popinot married Mademoiselle Birotteau, by whom he had -three children, two sons and a daughter. The consequences of the -Revolution of 1830 brought Anselme Popinot in the way of power and -honors; he was twice deputy after the beginning of Louis Philippe's -reign, and was also minister of commerce. [Gaudissart the Great.] -Anselme Popinot, twice secretary of state, had finally been made a -count, and a peer of France. He owned a mansion on the rue Basse du -Rempart. In 1834 he rewarded Felix Gaudissart for services formerly -rendered on the rue des Cinq-Diamants, and entrusted to him the -management of a boulevard theatre, where the opera, the drama, the -fairy spectacle, and the ballet took turn and turn. [Cousin Pons.] -Four years later the Comte Popinot, again minister of commerce and -agriculture, a lover of the arts and one who gladly acted the part of -the refined Maecenas, bought for two thousand francs a copy of -Steinbock's "Groupe de Samson" and stipulated that the mould should be -destroyed that there might be only two copies, his own and the one -belonging to Mademoiselle Hortense Hulot, the artist's fiancee. When -Wenceslas married Mademoiselle Hulot, Popinot and Eugene de Rastignac -were the Pole's witnesses. [Cousin Betty.] - -POPINOT (Madame Anselme), wife of the preceding, born Cesarine -Birotteau, in 1801. Beautiful and attractive though, at one time, -almost promised to Alexandre Crottat, she married, about 1822, Anselme -Popinot, whom she loved and by whom she was loved. [Cesar Biroteau.] -After her marriage, though in the midst of splendor, she remained the -simple, open, and even artless character that she was in the modest -days of her youth.[*] The transformation of the dancer Claudine du -Bruel, the whilom Tullia of the Royal Academy of Music, to a moral -bourgeois matron, surprised Madame Anselme, who became intimate with -her. [A Prince of Bohemia.] The Comtesse Popinot rendered aid, in a -delicate way, in 1841, to Adeline Hulot d'Ervy. Her influence with -that of Mesdames de Rastignac, de Navarreins, d'Espard, de Grandlieu, -de Carigliano, de Lenoncourt, and de la Bastie, procured Adeline's -appointment as salaried inspector of charities. [Cousin Betty.] Three -years later when one of her three children married Mademoiselle -Camusot de Marville, Madame Popinot, although she appeared at the most -exclusive social gatherings, imitated modest Anselme, and, unlike -Amelie Camusot, received Pons, a tenant of her maternal great-uncle, -C.-J. Pillerault. [Cousin Pons.] - -[*] In 1838, the little theatre Pantheon, destroyed in 1846, gave a - vaudeville play, by M. Eugene Cormon, entitled "Cesar Birotteau," - of which Madame Anselme Popinot was one of the heroines. - -POPINOT (Vicomte), the eldest of the three children of the preceding -couple, married, in 1845, Cecile Camusot de Marville. [Cousin Pons.] -During the course of the year 1846, he questioned Victorin Hulot about -the remarkable second marriage of Baron Hector Hulot d'Ervy, which was -solemnized on the first of February of that year. [Cousin Betty.] - -POPINOT (Vicomtesse), wife of the preceding; born Cecile Camusot in -1821, before the name Marville was added to Camusot through the -acquisition of a Norman estate. Red-haired and insignificant looking, -but very pretentious, she persecuted her distant kinsman Pons, from -whom she afterwards inherited; from lack of sufficient fortune she -failed of more than one marriage, and was treated with scorn by the -wealthy Frederic Brunner, especially because of her being an only -daughter and the spoiled child. [Cousin Pons.] - -POPINOT-CHANDIER (Madame and Mademoiselle), mother and daughter; of -the family of Madame Boirouge; hailing from Sancerre; frequent -visitors of Madame de la Baudraye, whose superiority of manner they -ridiculed in genuine bourgeois fashion. [The Muse of the Department.] - -PORCHON. (See Vidal.) - -PORRABERIL (Euphemie). (See San-Real, Marquise de.) - -PORRIQUET, an elderly student of the classics, was teacher of Raphael -de Valentin, whom he had as a pupil in the sixth class, in the third -class, and in rhetoric. Retired from the university without a pension -after the Revolution of July, on suspicion of Carlism, seventy years -of age, without means, and with a nephew whose expenses he was paying -at the seminary of Saint-Sulpice, he went to solicit the aid of his -dear "foster-child," to obtain the position of principal of a -provincial school, and suffered rough treatment at the hands of the -_carus alumnus_, every act of whose shortened Valentin's existence. -[The Magic Skin.] - -PORTA (Luigi), born in 1793, strikingly like his sister Nina. He was -the last member that remained, at the beginning of the nineteenth -century, of the Corsican family of Porta, by reason of a bloody -vendetta between his kinspeople and the Piombos. Luigi Porta alone was -saved, by Elisa Vanni, according to Giacomo; he lived at Genoa, where -he enlisted, and found himself, when quite young, in the affair of the -Beresina. Under the Restoration he was already an officer of high -rank; he put an end to his military career and was hunted by the -authorities at the same time as Labedoyere. Luiga Porta found Paris a -safe place of refuge. Servin, the Bonapartist painter, who had opened -a studio of drawing, where he taught his art to young ladies, -concealed the officer. One of his pupils, Ginevra di Piombo, -discovered the outlaw's hiding-place, aided him, fell in love with -him, made him fall in love with her, and married him, despite the -opposition of her father, Bartolomeo di Piombo. Luigi Porta chose as a -witness, when he was married, his former comrade, Louis Vergniaud, -also known to Hyacinthe Chabert. He lived from hand to mouth by doing -secretary's work, lost his wife, and, crushed by poverty, went to tell -the Piombos of her death. He died almost immediately after her (1820). -[The Vendetta.] - -PORTA (Madame Luigi), wife of the preceding, born Ginevra di Piombo -about 1790; shared, in Corsica as in Paris, the stormy life of her -father and mother, whose adored child she was. In Servin's, the -painter's studio, where with her talent she shone above the whole -class, Ginevra knew Mesdames Tiphaine and Camusot de Marville, at that -time Mesdemoiselles Roguin and Thirion. Defended by Laure alone, she -endured the cruelly planned persecution of Amelie Thirion, a Royalist, -and an envious woman, especially when the favorite drawing pupil -discovered and aided Luigi Porta, whom she married shortly afterwards, -against the will of Bartolomeo di Piombo. Madame Porta lived most -wretchedly; she resorted to Magus to dispose of copies of paintings at -a meagre price; brought a son into the world, Barthelemy; could not -nurse him, lost him, and died of grief and exhaustion in the year -1820. [The Vendetta.] - -PORTAIL (Du), name assumed by Corentin, when as "prefect of secret -police of diplomacy and political affairs," he lived on the rue -Honore-Chevalier, in the reign of Louis Philippe. [The Government -Clerks.] - -PORTENDUERE (Comte Luc-Savinien de), grandson of Admiral de -Portenduere, born about 1788, represented the elder branch of the -Portendueres, of whom Madame de Portenduere and her son Savinien -represented the younger branch. Under the Restoration, being the -husband of a rich wife, the father of three children and member for -Isere, he lived, according to the season of the year, in the chateau -of Portenduere or the Portenduere mansion, which were situated, the -one in Dauphine, and the other in Paris, and extended no aid to the -Vicomte Savinien, though he was harassed by his creditors. [Ursule -Mirouet.] - -PORTENDUERE (Madame de,) born Kergarouet, a Breton, proud of her noble -descent and of her race. She married a post-captain, nephew of the -famous Admiral de Portenduere, the rival of the Suffrens, the -Kergarouets, and the Simeuses; bore him a son, Savinien; she survived -her husband; was on intimate terms with the Rouvres, her country -neighbors; for, having but little means, she lived, during the -Restoration, in the little village of Nemours, on the rue des -Bourgeois, where Denis Minoret was domiciled. Savinien's prodigal -dissipation and the long opposition to his marriage to Ursule Mirouet -saddened, or at least distrubed, Madame de Portenduere's last days. -[Ursule Mirouet.] - -PORTENDUERE (Vicomte Savinien de), son of preceding, born in 1806; -cousin of the Comte de Portenduere, who was descended from the famous -admiral of this name, and great nephew of Vice-Admiral Kergarouet. -During the Restoration he left the little town of Nemours and his -mother's society to go and try the life in Paris, where, in spite of -his relationship with the Fontaines, he fell in love with Emilie de -Fontaine, who did not reciprocate his love, but married first Admiral -de Kergarouet, and afterwards the Marquis de Vandenesse. [The Ball at -Sceaux.] Savinien also became enamored of Leontine de Serizy; was on -intimate terms with Marsay, Rastignac, Rubempre, Maxime de Trailles, -Blondet and Finot; soon lost a considerable sum of money, and, laden -with debts, became a boarder at Sainte-Pelagie; he then received -Marsay, Rastignac and Rubempre, the latter wishing to relieve his -distress, much to the amusement of Florine, afterwards Madame Nathan. -[Secrets from a Courtesan's Life.] Urged by Ursule Mirouet, his ward, -Denis Minoret, who was one of Savinien's neighbors at Nemours, raised -the sum necessary to liquidate young Portenduere's debt, and freed him -of its burden. The viscount enlisted in the marine service, and -retired with the rank and insignia of an ensign, two years after the -Revolution of July, and five years before being able to marry Ursule -Mirouet. [Ursule Mirouet.] The Vicomte and Vicomtesse de Portenduere -made a charming couple, recalling two other happy families of Paris, -the Langinskis and the Ernest de la Basties. In 1840 they lived on the -Rue Saint-Peres, became the intimate friends of the Calyste du -Guenics, and shared their box at the Italiens. [Beatrix.] - -PORTENDUERE (Vicomtesse Savinien de), wife of the preceding, born in -1814. The orphan daughter of an unfortunate artist, Joseph Mirouet, -the military musician, and Dinah Grollman, a German; natural -granddaughter of Valentine Mirouet, the famous harpsichordist, and -consequently niece of the rich Dr. Denis Minoret; she was adopted by -the last named, and became his ward, so much the more adored as, in -appearance and character, she recalled Madame Denis Minoret, deceased. -Ursule's girlhood and youth, passed at Nemours, were marked -alternately by joy and bitterness. Her guardian's servants, as well as -his intimate friends, overwhelmed her with indications of interest. A -distinguished performer, the future viscountess received lessons in -harmony from Schmucke, the pianist, who was summoned from Paris. Being -of a religious nature, she converted Denis Minoret, who was an -adherent of Voltaire's teachings; but the influence she acquired over -him called forth against the young girl the fierce animosity of -Minoret-Levrault, Massin, Cremiere, Dionis and Goupil, who, foreseeing -that she would be the doctor's residuary legatee, abused her, -slandered her, and persecuted her most cruelly. Ursule was also -scornfully treated by Madame de Portenduere, with whose son, Savinien, -she was in love. Later, the relenting of Minoret-Levrault and Goupil, -shown in various ways, and her marriage to the Vicomte de Portenduere, -at last approved by his mother, offered Ursule some consolation for -the loss of Denis Minoret. [Ursule Mirouet.] Paris adopted her, and -made much of her; she made a glorious success in society as a singer. -[Another Study of Woman.] Amid her own great happiness, the -viscountess showed herself the devoted friend, in 1840, of Madame -Calyste du Guenic, just after her confinement, who was almost dying of -grief over the treachery of her husband. [Beatrix.] - -POSTEL was pupil and clerk of Chardon the druggist of L'Houmeau, a -suburb of Angouleme; succeeded Chardon after his death; was kind to -his former patron's unfortunate family; desired, but without success, -to marry Eve, who was afterwards Madame David Sechard, and became the -husband of Leonie Marron, by whom he had several sickly children. -[Lost Illusions.] - -POSTEL (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Leonie Marron, daughter -of Doctor Marron, a practitioner in Marsac (Charente); through -jealousy she was disagreeable to the beautiful Madame Sechard; through -cupidity she fawned upon the Abbe Marron, from whom she hoped to -inherit. [Lost Illusions.] - -POTASSE, sobriquet of the Protez family, manufacturers of chemicals, -as associates of Cochin; known by Minard, Phellion, Thuiller and -Colleville, types of Parisians of the middle class, about 1840. [The -Middle Classes.] - -POTEL, former officer of the Imperial forces, retired, during the -Restoration, to Issoudun, with Captain Renard; he took sides with -Maxence Gilet against the officers, Mignonnet and Carpentier, declared -enemies of the chief of the "Knights of Idlesse." [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -POULAIN (Madame), born in 1778. She married a trousers-maker, who died -in very reduced circumstances; for from the sale of his business she -received only about eleven hundred francs for income. She lived then, -for twenty years, on work which some fellow-countrymen of the late -Poulain gave to her, and the meagre profits of which afforded her the -opportunity of starting in a professional career her son, the future -physician, whom she dreamed of seeing gain a rich marriage settlement. -Madame Poulain, though deprived of an education, was very tactful, and -she was in the habit of retiring when patients came to consult her -son. This she did when Madame Cibot called at the office on rue -d'Orleans, late in 1844 or early in 1845. [Cousin Pons.] - -POULAIN (Doctor), born about 1805, friendless and without fortune; -strove in vain to gain the patronage of the Paris "four hundred" after -1835. He kept constantly near him his mother, widow of a -trousers-maker. As a poor neighborhood physician he afterwards lived -with his mother on rue d'Orleans at the Marais. He became acquainted -with Madame Cibot, door-keeper at a house on rue de Normandie, the -proprietor of which, C.-J. Pillerault, uncle of the Popinots and -ordinarily under Horace Bianchon's treatment, he cured. By Madame -Cibot, Poulain was called also to attend Pons in a case of -inflammation of the liver. Aided by his friend Fraisier, he arranged -matters to suit the Camusots de Marville, the rightful heirs of the -musician. Such a service had its reward. In 1845, following the death -of Pons, and that of his residuary legatee, Schmucke, soon after, -Poulain was given an appointment in the Quinze-Vingts hospital as head -physician of this great infirmary. [Cousin Pons.] - -POUPART, or Poupard, from Arcis-sur-Aube, husband of Gothard's sister; -one of the heroes of the Simeuse affair; proprietor of the Mulet -tavern. Being devoted to the interest of the Cadignans, the -Cinq-Cygnes and the Hauterserres, in 1839, during the electoral -campaign, he gave lodging to Maxime de Trailles, a government envoy, -and to Paradis, the count's servant. [The Member for Arcis.] - -POUTIN, colonel of the Second lancers, an acquaintance of Marechal -Cottin, minister of war in 1841, to whom he told that many years -before this one of his men at Severne, having stolen money to buy his -mistress a shawl, repented of his deed and ate broken glass so as to -escape dishonor. The Prince of Wissembourg told this story to Hulot -d'Ervy, while upbraiding him for his dishonesty. [Cousin Betty.] - -PRELARD (Madame), born in 1808, pretty, at first mistress of the -assassin Auguste, who was executed. She remained constantly in the -clutches of Jacques Collin, and was married by Jacqueline Collin, aunt -of the pseudo-Herrera, to the head of a Paris hardware-house on Quai -aux Fleurs, the Bouclier d'Achille. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -PREVOST (Madame), well-known florist, whose store still remains in the -Palais-Royal. Early in 1830, Frederic de Nucingen bought a ten louis -bouquet there for Esther van Gobseck. [Scenes from a Courtesan's -Life.] - -PRIEUR (Madame), laundress at Angouleme, for whom Mademoiselle -Chardon, afterwards Madame David Sechard, worked. [Lost Illusions.] - -PRON (Monsieur and Madame), both teachers. M. Pron taught rhetoric in -1840 at a college in Paris directed by priests. Madame Pron, born -Barniol, and therefore sister-in-law of Madame Barniol-Phellion, -succeeded Mesdemoiselles La Grave, about the same time, as director of -their young ladies' boarding-school. M. and Madame Pron lived in the -Quartier Saint-Jacques, and frequently visited the Thuilliers. [The -Middle Classes.] - -PROTEZ AND CHIFFREVILLE, manufactured chemicals; sold a hundred -thousand francs' worth to the inventor, Balthazar Claes, about 1812. -[The Quest of the Absolute.] On account of their friendly relations -with Cochin, of the Treasury, all the Protezes and the Chiffrevilles -were invited to the celebrated ball given by Cesar Birotteau, Sunday, -December 17, 1818, on rue Saint Honore. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -PROUST, clerk to Maitre Bordin, a Paris attorney, in November, 1806; -this fact became known a few years later by Godeschal, Oscar Husson -and Marest, when they reviewed the books of the attorneys who had been -employed in Bordin's office. [A Start in Life.] - -PROVENCAL (Le), born in 1777, undoubtedly in the vicinity of Arles. A -common soldier during the wars at the close of the eighteenth century, -he took part in the expedition of General Desaix into upper Egypt. -Having been taken prisoner by the Maugrabins he escaped only to lose -himself in the desert, where he found nothing to eat but dates. -Reduced to the dangerous friendship of a female panther, he tamed her, -singularly enough, first by his thoughtless caresses, afterwards by -premeditation. He ironically named her Mignonne, as he had previously -called Virginie, one of his mistresses. Le Provencal finally killed -his pet, not without regret, having been moved to great terror by the -wild animal's fierce love. About the same time the soldier was -discoverd by some of his own company. Thirty years afterwards, an aged -ruin of the Imperial wars, his right leg gone, he was one day visiting -the menagerie of Martin the trainer, and recalled his adventure for -the delectation of the young spectator. [A Passion in the Desert.] - - - - Q - -QUELUS (Abbe), priest of Tours or of its vicinity, called frequently -on the Chessels, neighbors of the Mortsaufs, at the beginning of the -century. [The Lily of the Valley.] - -QUEVERDO, faithful steward of the immense domain of Baron de Macumer, -in Sardinia. After the defeat of the Liberals in Spain, in 1823, he -was told to look out for his master's safety. Some fishers for coral -agreed to pick him up on the coast of Andalusia and set him off at -Macumer. [Letters of Two Brides.] - -QUILLET (Francois), office-boy employed by Raoul Nathan's journal on -rue Feydau, Paris, 1835. He aided his employer by lending him the name -of Francois Quillet. Raoul, in great despair, while occupying a -furnished room on rue du Mail, threw several creditors off his track -by the use of this assumed name. [A Daughter of Eve.] - - - - R - -RABOUILLEUSE (La), name assumed by Flore Brazier, who became in turn -Madame Jean-Jacques Rouget and Madame Philippe Bridau. (See this last -name.) - -RABOURDIN (Xavier), born in 1784; his father was unknown to him. His -mother, a beautiful and fastidious woman, who lived in luxury, left -him a penniless orphan of sixteen. At this time he left the Lycee -Napoleon and became a super-numerary clerk in the Treasury Department. -He was soon promoted, becoming second head clerk at twenty-two and -head clerk at twenty-five. An unknown, but influential friend, was -responsible for this progress, and also gave him an introduction into -the home of M. Leprince, a wealthy widower, who had formerly been an -auctioneer. Rabourdin met, loved and married this man's only daughter. -Beginning with this time, when his influential friend probably died, -Rabourdin saw the end of his own rapid progress. Despite his faithful, -intelligent efforts, he occupied at forty the same position. In 1824 -the death of M. Flamet de la Billardiere left open the place of -division chief. This office, to which Rabourdin had long aspired, was -given to the incapable Baudoyer, who had been at the head of a bureau, -through the influence of money and the Church. Disgusted, Rabourdin -sent in his resignation. He had been responsible for a rather -remarkable plan for executive and social reform, and this possibly -contributed to his overthrow. During his career as a minister -Rabourdin lived on rue Duphot. He had by his wife two children, -Charles, born in 1815, and a daughter, born two years later. About -1830 Rabourdin paid a visit to the Bureau of Finances, where he saw -once more his former pages, nephews of Antoine, who had retired from -service by that time. From these he learned that Colleville and -Baudoyer were tax-collectors in Paris. [The Government Clerks.] Under -the Empire he was a guest at the evening receptions given by M. -Guillaume, the cloth-dealer of rue Saint-Denis. [At the Sign of the -Cat and Racket.] Later he and his wife were invited to attend the -famous ball tendered by Cesar Birotteau, December 17, 1818. [Cesar -Birotteau.] In 1840, being still a widower, Rabourdin was one of the -directors of a proposed railway. At this time he began to lodge in a -house on the Place de la Madeleine, which had been recently bought by -the Thuilliers, whom he had known in the Bureau of Finance. [The -Middle Classes.] - -RABOURDIN (Madame), born Celestine Leprince, in 1796; beautiful, tall -and of good figure; reared by an artistic mother; a painter and a good -musician; spoke many tongues and even had some knowledge of science. -She was married when very young through the instrumentality of her -father, who was then a widower. Her reception-rooms were not open to -Jean-Jacques Bixiou, but she was frequently visited by the poet -Canalis, the painter Schinner, Doctor Bianchon, who was especially -fond of her company; Lucien de Rubempre, Octave de Camps, the Comte de -Granville, the Vicomte de Fontaine, F. du Bruel, Andoche Finot, -Derville, Chatelet, then deputy; Ferdinand du Tillet, Paul de -Mannerville, and the Vicomte de Portenduere. A rival, Madame -Colleville, had dubbed Madame Rabourdin "The Celimene of rue Duphot." -Having been over-indulged by her mother, Celestine Leprince thought -herself entitled to a man of high rank. Consequently, although M. -Rabourdin pleased her, she hesitated at first about marrying him, as -she did not consider him of high enough station. This did not prevent -her loving him sincerely. Although she was very extravagant, she -remained always strictly faithful to him. By listening to the demands -of Chardin des Lupeaulx, secretary-general in the Department of -Finance, who was in love with her, she might have obtained for her -husband the position of division chief. Madame Rabourdin's reception -days were Wednesdays and Fridays. She died in 1840. [The Commission in -Lunacy. The Government Clerks.] - -RABOURDIN (Charles), law-student, son of the preceding couple, born in -1815, lived from 1836 to 1838 in a house on rue Corneille, Paris. -There he became acquainted with Z. Marcas, helped him in his distress, -attended him on his death-bed, and, with Justi, a medical student, as -his only companion, followed the body of this great, but unknown man -to the beggar's grave in Montparnasse cemetery. After having told some -friends the short, but pitiful story of Z. Marcas, Charles Rabourdin, -following the advice of the deceased, left the country, and sailed -from Havre for the Malayan islands; for he had not been able to gain a -foothold in France. [Z. Marcas.] - -RACQUETS (Des). (See Raquets, des.) - -RAGON born about 1748; a perfumer on rue Saint-Honore, between -Saint-Roche and rue des Frondeurs, Paris, towards the close of the -eighteenth century; small man, hardly five feet tall, with a face like -a nut-cracker, self-important and known for his gallantry. He was -succeeded in his business, the "Reine des Roses," by his chief clerk, -Cesar Birotteau, after the eighteenth Brumaire. As a former perfumer -to Her Majesty Queen Marie-Antoinette, M. Ragon always showed Royalist -zeal, and, under the Republic, the Vendeans used him to communicate -between the princes and the Royalist committee of Paris. He received -at that time the Abbe de Marolles, to whom he pointed out and revealed -the person of Louis XVI.'s executioner. In 1818, being a loser in the -Nucingen speculation in Wortschin mining stock, Ragon lived with his -wife in an apartment on rue du Petit-Bourbon-Saint-Sulpice. [Cesar -Birotteau. An Episode under the Terror.] - -RAGON (Madame), born Popinot; sister of Judge Popinot, wife of the -preceding, being very nearly the same age as her husband, was in 1818 -"a tall slender woman of wrinkled face, sharp nose, thin lips, and the -artificial manner of a marchioness of the old line." [Cesar -Birotteau.] - -RAGOULLEAU[*] (Jean-Antoine), a Parisian lawyer, whose signature the -widow Morin tried to extort. She also attempted his assassination, and -was condemned, January 11, 1812, on the evidence of a number of -witnesses, among others that of Poiret, to twenty years of hard labor. -[Father Goriot.] - -[*] The real spelling of the name, as shown by some authentic papers, - is Ragouleau. - -RAGUET, working boy in the establishment of Cesar Birotteau, the -perfumer, in 1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -RAPARLIER, a Douai notary; drew up marriage contracts in 1825 for -Marguerite Claes and Emmanuel de Solis, for Felicie Claes and Pierquin -the notary, and for Gabriel Claes and Mademoiselle Conyncks. [The -Quest for the Absolute.] - -RAPARLIER, a Douai auctioneer, under the Restoration; nephew of the -preceding; took an inventory at the Claes house after the death of -Madame Balthazar Claes in 1816. [The Quest of the Absolute.] - -RAPP, French general, born at Colmar in 1772; died in 1821. As -aide-de-camp of the First Consul, Bonaparte, he found himself one day -in October serving near his chief at the Tuileries, when the -proscribed Corsican, Bartolomeo de Piombo, came up rather unexpectedly. -Rapp, who was suspicious of this man, as he was of all Corsicians, -wished to stay at Bonaparte's side during the interview, but the Consul -good-naturedly sent him away. [The Vendetta.] On October 13, 1806, the -day before the battle of Jena, Rapp had just made an important report -to the Emperor at the moment when Napoleon was receiving on the next -day's battlefield Mademoiselle Laurence de Cinq-Cygne and M. de -Chargeboeuf, who had come from France to ask for the pardon of the two -Hauteserres and the two Simeuses, people affected by the political -suit and condemned to hard labor. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -RAQUETS (Des), lived at Douai, of Flemish descent, and devoted to the -traditions and customs of his province; very wealthy uncle of the -notary Pierquin, his only heir, who received his inheritance towards -the close of the Restoration. [The Quest of the Absolute.] - -RASTIGNAC (Chevalier de), great-uncle of Eugene de Rastignac; as -vice-admiral was commander of the "Vengeur" before 1789, and lost -his entire fortune in the service of the king, as the revolutionary -government did not wish to satisfy his demands in the adjusting of the -Compagnie des Indes affairs. [Father Goriot.] - -RASTIGNAC (Baron and Baronne de) had, near Ruffec, Charente, an -estate, where they lived in the latter part of the eighteenth and the -beginning of the nineteenth centuries, and where were born to them -five children: Eugene, Laure-Rose, Agathe, Gabriel and Henri. They -were poor, and lived in close retirement, keeping a dignified silence, -and like their neighbours, the Marquis and Marquise de Pimentel, -exercised, through their connection with court circles, a strong -influence over the entire province, being invited at various times to -the home of Madame de Bargeton, at Angouleme, where they met Lucien de -Rubempre and were able to understand him. [Father Goriot. Lost -Illusions.] - -RASTIGNAC (Eugene de),[*] eldest son of the Baron and Baronne de -Rastignac, born at Rastignac near Ruffec in 1797. He came to Paris in -1819 to study law; lived at first on the third floor of the Vauquer -lodging-house, rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve, having then some -association with Jacques Collin, called Vautrin, who was especially -interested in him and wanted him to marry Victorine Taillefer. -Rastignac became the lover of Madame de Nucingen, second daughter of -Joachim Goriot, an old vermicelli-maker, and in February, 1820, lived -on rue d'Artois in pretty apartments, rented and furnished by the -father of his mistress. Goriot died in his arms. The servant, -Christophe, and Rastignac were the only attendants in the good man's -funeral procession. At the Vauquer lodging-house he was intimate with -Horace Bianchon, a medical student. [Father Goriot.] In 1821, at the -Opera, young Rastignac made fun for the occupants of two boxes over -the provincialisms of Madame de Bargeton and Lucien de Rubempre, -"young Chardon." This led Madame d'Espard to leave the theatre with -her relative, thus publicly and in a cowardly way abandoning the -distinguished provincial. Some months later Rastignac sought the favor -of this same Lucien de Rubempre, who was by that time an influential -citizen. He agreed to act with Marsay as the poet's witness in the -duel which he fought with Michel Chrestien, in regard to Daniel -d'Arthez. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] At the last -masquerade ball of 1824 Rastignac found Rubempre, who had disappeared -from Paris some time before. Vautrin, recalling his memories of the -Vauquer lodging-house, urged him authoritatively to treat Lucien as a -friend. Shortly after, Rastignac became a frequenter of the sumptuous -mansion furnished by Nucingen for Esther van Gobseck on rue -Saint-Georges. Rastignac was present at Lucien de Rubempre's funeral -in May, 1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] About the same time -the Comte de Fontaine asked his daughter Emilie what she thought of -Rastignac--among several others--as a possible husband for her. But -knowing the relations of this youthful aspirant with Madame de -Nucingen, she saved herself by replying maliciously. [The Ball at -Sceaux.] In 1828 Rastignac sought to become Madame d'Espard's lover, -but was restrained by his friend, Doctor Bianchon. [The Interdiction.] -During the same year Rastignac was treated slightingly by Madame de -Listomere, because he asked her to return a letter, which through -mistake had been sent to her, but which he had meant for Madame de -Nucingen. [A Study of Woman.] After the Revolution of July he was a -guest at Mademoiselle des Touches's evening party, where Marsay told -the story of his first love. [Another Study of Woman.] At this time -he was intimate with Raphael de Valentin, and expected to marry an -Alsatian. [The Magic Skin.] In 1832, Rastignac, having been appointed -a baron, was under-secretary of state in the department of which Marsay -was the minister. [The Secrets of a Princess.] In 1833-34, he -volunteered as nurse at the bedside of the dying minister, in the hope -of being remembered in his will. One evening about this same time he -took Raoul Nathan and Emile Blondet, whom he had met in society, to -supper with him at Very's. He then advised Nathan to profit by the -advances made him by the Comtesse Felix de Vandenesse. [A Daughter of -Eve.] In 1833, at the Princesse de Cadignan's home, in the presence of -the Marquise d'Espard, the old Ducs de Lenoncourt and de Navarreins, -the Comte and the Comtesse de Vandenesse, D'Arthez, two ambassadors, -and two well-known orators of the Chamber of Peers, Rastignac heard -his minister reveal the secrets of the abduction of Senator Malin, an -affair which took place in 1806. [The Gondreville Mystery.] In 1836, -having become enriched by the third Nucingen failure, in which he was -more or less a willing accomplice, he became possessed of an income of -forty thousand francs. [The Firm of Nucingen.] In 1838 he attended the -opening reception given at Josepha's mansion on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. -He was also witness at Hortense Hulot's marriage to Wenceslas Steinbock. -He married Augusta de Nucingen, daughter of Delphine de Nucingen, his -former mistress, whom he had quitted five years previously. In 1839, -Rastignac, minister once more, and this time of public works, was made -count almost in spite of himself. In 1845 he was, moreover, made a -peer. He had then an income of 300,000 francs. He was in the habit of -saying: "There is no absolute virtue, all things are dependent on -circumstances." [Cousin Betty. The Member for Arcis. The Unconscious -Humorists.] - -[*] In a recent publication of Monsieur S. de Lovenjoul, he speaks of - a recent abridged biography of Eugene de Rastignac. - -RASTIGNAC (Laure-Rose and Agathe de),[*] sisters of Eugene de -Rastignac; second and third children of the Baron and Baronne de -Rastignac; Laure, the elder, born in 1801; Agathe, the second, born in -1802; both were reared unostentatiously in the Rastignac chateau. In -1819 they sent what they had saved by economy to their brother Eugene, -then a student. Several years after, when he was wealthy and powerful, -he married one of them to Martial de la Roche-Hugon, the other to a -minister. In 1821, Laure, with her father and mother, was present at a -reception of M. de Bargeton's, where she admired Lucien de Rubempre. -[Father Goriot. Lost Illusions.] Madame de la Roche-Hugon in 1839 took -her several daughters to a children's dance at Madame de l'Estorade's -in Paris. [The Member for Arcis.] - -[*] The Mesdemoiselles de Rastignac are here placed together under - their maiden name, as it is not known which one married Martial de - la Roche-Hugon. - -RASTIGNAC (Monseigneur Gabriel de), brother of Eugene de Rastignac; -one of the youngest two children of the Baron and Baronne de -Rastignac; was private secretary to the Bishop of Limoges towards the -end of the Restoration, during the trial of Tascheron. In 1832 he -became, when only a young man of thirty, a bishop. He was consecrated -by the Archbishop Dutheil. [Father Goriot. The Country Parson. A -Daughter of Eve.] - -RASTIGNAC (Henri de), the fifth child, probably of the Baron de -Rastignac and his wife. Nothing is known of his life. [Father Goriot.] - -RATEL, gendarme in the Orne district; in 1809, along with his -fellow-officer, Mallet, was charged with the capture of "Lady" Bryond -des Miniares, who was implicated in the affair known as the "Chauffeurs -de Mortagne." He found the fugitive, but, instead of arresting her, -allowed himself to be unduly influenced by her, and then protected her -and let her escape. This action on his part was known to Mallet. -Ratel, when imprisoned, confessed all, and committed suicide before -the time assigned for trial. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -RAVENOUILLET, porter in Bixiou's house, at No. 112 rue Richelieu, in -1845; son of a Carcassonne grocer; a steward throughout his life and -owed his first position to his fellow-countryman, Massol. -Ravenouillet, although uneducated was not unintelligent. According to -Bixiou, he was the "Providence at thirty per cent" of the seventy-one -lodgers in the house, through whom he netted in the neighborhood of -six thousand francs a month. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -RAVENOUILLET (Madame), wife of the preceding. [The Unconscious -Humorists.] - -RAVENOUILLET (Lucienne), daughter of the preceding couple, was in 1845 -a pupil in the Paris Conservatory of Music. [The Unconscious -Humorists.] - -REGNAULD (Baron) (1754-1829), celebrated artist, member of the -Institute. Joseph Bridau, when fourteen, was a frequent visitor at his -studio, in 1812-1813. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -REGNAULT, former chief clerk to Maitre Roguin, a Paris notary; came to -Vendome in 1816 and purchased there a notaryship. He was called by -Madame de Merret to her death-bed, and was made her executor. In this -position, some years later, he urged Doctor Bianchon to respect one of -the last wishes of the deceased by discontinuing his promenades in the -Grande Breteche garden, as she had wished this property to remain -entirely unused for half a century. Maitre Regnault married a wealthy -cousin of Vendome. Regnault was tall and slender, with sloping -forehead, small pointed head and wan complexion. He frequently used -the expression, "One moment." [La Grande Breteche.] - -REGNIER (Claude-Antoine), Duc de Massa, born in 1746, died 1814; an -advocate, and afterwards deputy to the Constituency; was high justice ---justice of the peace--during the celebrated trial of the Simeuses -and Hauteserres, accused of the abduction of Senator Malin. He noticed -the talent displayed by Granville for the defendants, and a little -later, having met him at Archchancelor Cambaceres's house, he took the -young barrister into his own carriage, setting him down on the Quai -des Augustins, at the young man's door, after giving him some -practical advice and assuring him of his protection. [The Gondreville -Mystery. A Second Home.] - -REMONENCQ, an Auvergnat, dealer in old iron, established on rue de -Normandie, in the house in which Pons and Schmucke lived, and where -the Cibots were porters. Remonencq, who had come to Paris with the -intention of being a porter, ran errands between 1825 and 1831 for the -dealers in curiosities on Boulevard Beaumarchais and the coppersmiths -on rue de Lappe, then opened in this same quarter a small shop for -odds and ends. He lived there in sordid economy. He had been in -Sylvain Pons's house, and had fully recognized the great value of the -aged collector's treasures. His greed urged him to crime, and he -instigated Madame Cibot in her theft at the Pons house. After -receiving his share of the property, he poisoned the husband of the -portress, in order to marry the widow, with whom he established a -curiosity shop in an excellent building on the Boulevard de la -Madeleine. About 1846 he unwittingly poisoned himself with a glass of -vitriol, which he had placed near his wife. [Cousin Pons.] - -REMONENCQ (Mademoiselle), sister of the preceding, "a kind of idiot -with a vacant stare, dressed like a Japanese idol." She was her -brother's house-keeper. [Cousin Pons.] - -REMONENCQ (Madame), born in 1796, at one time a beautiful oyster-woman -of the "Cadran Bleu" in Paris; married for love the porter-tailor, -Cibot, in 1828, and lived with him in the porter's lodge of a house on -rue de Normandie, belonging to Claude-Joseph Pillerault. In this house -the musicians, Pons and Schmucke, lived. She busied herself for some -time with the management of the house and the cooking for these two -celibates. At first she was faithful, but finally, moved by Remonencq, -and encouraged by Fontaine, the necromancer, she robbed the ill-fated -Pons. Her husband having been poisoned, without her knowledge, by -Remonencq, she married the second-hand dealer, now a dealer in -curiosities, and proprietor of the beautiful shop on the Boulevard de -la Madeleine. She survived her second husband. [Cousin Pons.] - -REMY (Jean), peasant of Arcis-sur-Aube, against whom a neighbor lost a -lawsuit concerning a boundary line. This neighbor, who was given to -drink, used strong language in speaking against Jean Remy in a session -of the electors who had organized in the interest of -Dorlange-Sallenauve, a candidate, in the month of April, 1839. If we -may believe this neighbor, Jean Remy was a wife-beater, and had a -daughter who had obtained, through the influence of a deputy, and -apparently without any claim, an excellent tobacco-stand on rue -Mouffetard. [The Member for Arcis.] - -RENARD, former captain in the Imperial army, withdrew to Issoudun -during the Restoration; one of the officers in the Faubourg de Rome, -who were hostile to the "pekins" and partisans of Maxence (Max) Gilet. -Renard and Commandant Potel were seconds for Maxence in his duel with -Philippe Bridau--a duel which resulted in the former's death. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] - -RENARD, regimental quartermaster in the cavalry, 1812. Although -educated as a notary he became an under officer. He had the face of a -girl and was considered a "wheedler." He saved the life of his friend, -Genestas, several times, but enticed away from him a Polish Jewess, -whom he loved, married in Sarmatian fashion, and left enceinte. When -fatally wounded in the battle against the Russians, just before the -battle of Lutzen, in his last hours, to Genestas, he acknowledged -having betrayed the Jewess, and begged this gentleman to marry her and -claim the child, which would soon be born. This was done by the -innocent officer. Renard was the son of a Parisian wholesale grocer, a -"toothless shark," who would not listen to anything concerning the -quartermaster's offspring. [The Country Doctor.] - -RENARD (Madame). (See Genestas, Madame.) - -RENARD (Adrien). (See Genestas, Adrien.) - -RENE, the only servant to M. du Bousquier of Alencon, in 1816; a silly -Breton servant, who, although very greedy, was perfectly reliable. -[Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -RESTAUD (Comte de), a man whose sad life was first brought to the -notice of Barchou de Penhoen, a school-mate of Dufaure and Lambert; -born about 1780; husband of Anastasie Goriot, by whom he was ruined; -died in December, 1824, while trying to adjust matters favorably for -his eldest son, Ernest, the only one of Madame de Restaud's three -children whom he recognized as his own. To this end he had pretended -that, having been very extravagant, he was greatly in debt to Gobseck. -He assured his son by another letter of the real condition of his -estate. M. de Restaud, was similar in appearance to the Duc de -Richelieu, and had the proud manners of the statesman of the -aristocratic faubourg. [Gobseck. Father Goriot.] - -RESTAUD (Comtesse Anastasie de), wife of the preceding; elder daughter -of the vermicelli-maker, Jean-Joachim Goriot; a beautiful brunette of -queenly bearing and manners. Like the fair and gentle Madame de -Nucingen, her sister, she showed herself severe and ungrateful towards -the kindliest and weakest of fathers. She had three children, two boys -and a girl; Ernest, the eldest, being the only legitimate one. She -ruined herself for Trailles, her lover's benefit, selling her jewels -to Gobseck and endangering her children's future. As soon as her -husband had breathed his last, in a moment anxiously awaited, she took -from under his pillow and burned the papers which she believed -contrary to her own interests and those of her two natural children. -It thus followed that Gobseck, the fictitious creditor, gained a claim -on all of the remaining property. [Gobseck. Father Goriot.] - -RESTAUD (Ernest de), eldest child of the preceding, and their only -legitimate one, as the other two were natural children of Maxime de -Trailles. In 1824, while yet a child, he received from his dying -father instruction to hand to Derville, the attorney, a sealed package -which contained his will; but Madame de Restaud, by means of her -maternal authority, kept Ernest from carrying out his promise. On -attaining his majority, after his fortune had been restored to him by -his father's fictitious creditor, Gobseck, he married Camille de -Grandlieu, who reciprocated his love for her. As a result of this -marriage Ernest de Restaud became connected with the Legitimists, -while his brother Felix, who had almost attained the position of -minister under Louis Philippe, followed the opposite party. [Gobseck. -The Member for Arcis.] - -RESTAUD (Madame Ernest de), born Camille de Grandlieu in 1813, -daughter of the Vicomtesse de Grandlieu. During the first years of -Louis Philippe's reign, while very young, she fell in love with and -married Ernest de Restaud, who was then a minor. [Gobseck. The Member -for Arcis.] - -RESTAUD (Felix-Georges de), one of the younger children of the Comte -and Comtesse de Restaud; probably a natural son of Maxime de Trailles. -In 1839, Felix de Restaud was chief secretary to his cousin Eugene de -Rastignac, minister of public works. [Gobseck. The Member for Arcis.] - -RESTAUD (Pauline de), legal daughter of the Comte and Comtesse de -Restaud, but probably the natural daughter of Maxime de Trailles. We -know nothing of her life. [Gobseck.] - -REYBERT (De), captain in the Seventh regiment of artillery under the -Empire; born in the Messin country. During the Restoration he lived in -Presles, Seine-et-Oise, with his wife and daughter, on only six -hundred francs pension. As a neighbor of Moreau, manager of the Comte -de Serizy's estate, he detected the steward in some extortions, and -sending his wife to the count, denounced the guilty man. He was chosen -as Moreau's successor. Reybert married his daughter, without -furnishing her a dowry, to the wealthy farmer Leger. [A Start in -Life.] - -REYBERT (Madame de), born Corroy, in Messin, wife of the preceding, -and like him of noble family. Her face was pitted by small-pox until -it looked like a skimmer; her figure was tall and spare; her eyes were -bright and clear; she was straight as a stick; she was a strict -Puritan, and subscribed to the Courrier Francais. She paid a visit to -the Comte de Serizy, and unfolded to him Moreau's extortions, thus -obtaining for her husband the stewardship of Presles. [A Start in -Life.] - -RHETORE (Duc Alphonse de), eldest son of the Duc and Duchess de -Chaulieu, he became an ambassador in the diplomatic service. For many -years during the Restoration he kept Claudine Chaffaroux, called -Tullia, the star dancing-girl at the Opera, who married Bruel in 1824. -He became acquainted with Lucien de Rubempre, both in his own circle -of acquaintance and in the world of gallantry, and entertained him one -evening in his box at a first performance at the Ambigu in 1821. He -reproached his guest for having wounded Chatelet and Madame de -Bargeton by his newspaper satire, and at the same time, while -addressing him continually as Chardon, he counseled the young man to -become a Royalist, in order that Louis XVIII. might restore to him the -title and name of Rubempres, his maternal ancestors. The Duc de -Rhetore, however, disliked Lucien de Rubempre, and a little later at a -performance in the Italiens, he traduced him to Madame de Serizy, who -was really in love with the poet. [A Bachelor's Establishment. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life. -Letters of Two Brides.] In 1835, he married the Duchesse d'Argaiolo, -born the Princesse Soderini, a woman of great beauty and fortune. -[Albert Savarus.] In 1839, he had a duel with Dorlange-Sallenauve, -having provoked the latter, by speaking in a loud voice, which he knew -could be easily understood, and slandering Marie Gaston, second -husband of Dorlange's sister, Louise de Chaulieu. Dorlange was -wounded. [The Member for Arcis.] - -RHETORE (Duchess de), born Francesca Soderini in 1802; a very -beautiful and wealthy Florentine; married, when very young, by her -father, to the Duc d'Argaiolo, who was also very rich and much older -than herself. In Switzerland or Italy she became acquainted with -Albert Savarus, when, as a result of political events, she and her -husband were proscribed and deprived of their property. The Duchesse -d'Argaiolo and Albert Savarus loved platonically, and Francesca-like -she promised her hand to her Francois whenever she should become a -widow. In 1835, having been widowed for some time, and, as a result of -Rosalie de Watteville's plots, believing herself forgotten and -betrayed by Savarus, from whom she had received no news, she gave her -hand to the Duc de Rhetore, the ex-ambassador. The marriage took place -in the month of May at Florence and was celebrated with much pomp. The -Duchesse d'Argaiolo is pictured under the name of the Princesse -Gandolphini in "L'Ambitieux par Amour," published in 1834 by the Revue -de l'Est. Under Louis Philippe, the Duchesse de Rhetore became -acquainted with Mademoiselle de Watteville at a charity entertainment. -On their second meeting, which took place at the Opera ball, -Mademoiselle de Watteville revealed her own ill-doings and vindicated -Savarus. [Albert Savarus.] - -RICHARD (Veuve), a Nemours woman from whom Ursule Mirouet, afterwards -Vicomtesse de Portenduere, after the death of Doctor Minoret, her -guardian, purchased a house to occupy. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -RIDAL (Fulgence), dramatic author; member of the Cenacle, which held -its sessions at D'Arthez's home on rue des Quatre-Vents, during the -Restoration. He disparaged Leon Giraud's beliefs, went under a -Rabelaisian guise, careless, lazy and skeptical, also inclined to be -melancholy and happy at the same time; nick-named by his friends the -"Regimental Dog." Fulgence Ridal and Joseph Bridau, with other members -of the Cenacle, were present at an evening party given by Madame Veuve -Bridau, in 1819, to celebrate the return of her son Philippe from -Texas. [A Bachelor's Establishment. A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] In 1845, having been a vaudevillist, he was given the -direction of a theatre in association with Lousteau. He had -influencial government friends. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -RIFFE, copying-clerk in the Financial Bureau, who had charge of the -"personnel." [The Government Clerks.] - -RIFOOEL. (See Vissard, Chevalier du.) - -RIGANSON, called Biffon, also Chanoine, constituted with La Biffe, his -mistress, one of the most important couples in his class of society. -When a convict he met Jacques Collin, called Vautrin, and in May, -1830, saw him once more at the Conciergerie, at the time of the -judical investigation succeeding Esther Gobseck's death. Riganson was -short of stature, fat, and with livid skin, and an eye black and -sunken. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -RIGOU (Gregoire), born in 1756; at one time a Benedictine friar. Under -the Republic he married Arsene Pichard, only heir of the rich Cure -Niseron. He became a money-lender; filled the office of mayor of -Blangy, Bourgogne, up to 1821, when he was succeeded by Montcornet. On -the arrival of the general in the country Rigou endeavored to be -friendly with him, but having been quickly slighted, he became one of -the Montcornets' most dangerous enemies, along with Gaubertin, mayor -of Ville-aux-Fayes, and Soudry, mayor of Soulanges. This triumvirate -succeeded in arousing the peasants against the owner of Aigues, and -the local citizens having become more or less opposed to him, the -general sold his property, and it fell to the three associates. Rigou -was selfish, avaricious but pleasure-loving; he looked like a condor. -His name was often the subject of a pun, and he was called Grigou (G. -Rigou--a miserly man). "Deep as a monk, silent as a Benedictine, -crafty as a priest, this man would have been a Tiberius in Rome, a -Richelieu under Louis XIII. or a Fouche under the Convention." [The -Peasantry.] - -RIGOU (Madame), born Arsene Pichard, wife of the preceding, niece of a -maid named Pichard, who was house-keeper for Cure Niseron under the -Revolution, and whom she succeeded as house-keeper. She inherited, -together with her aunt, some money from a wealthy priest. She was -known while young by the name of La Belle Arsene. She had great -influence over the cure, although she could neither read nor write. -After her marriage with Rigou, she became the old Benedictine's slave. -She lost her Rubens-like freshness, her magical figure, her beautiful -teeth and the lustre of her eyes when she gave birth to her daughter, -who eventually became the wife of Soudry (fils). Madame Rigou quietly -bore the continued infidelity of her husband, who always had pretty -maids in his household. [The Peasantry.] - -RIVAUDOULT D'ARSCHOOT, of the Dulmen branch of a noted family of -Galicia or Russie-Rouge; heirs, through their grandfather, to this -family, and also, in default of the direct heirs, successors to the -titles. [The Thirteen.] - -RIVET (Achille), maker of lace and embroidery on rue des -Mauvaises-Paroles, in the old Langeais house, built by the illustrious -family at the time when the greatest lords were clustered around the -Louvre. In 1815 he succeeded the Pons Brothers, embroiderers to the -Court, and was judge in the tribunal of commerce. He employed Lisbeth -Fischer, and, despite their quarrel, rendered this spinster some -service. Achille Rivet worshiped Louis Philippe, who was to him the -"noble representative of the class out of which he constructed his -dynasty." He loved the Poles less, at the time they were preventing -European equilibrium. He was willing to aid Cousin Betty in the revenge -against Wenceslas, which she once contemplated, as a result of her -jealousy. [Cousin Betty. Cousin Pons.] - -ROBERT, a Paris restaurant-keeper, near Frascati. Early in 1822 he -furnished a banquet lasting nine hours, at the time of the founding of -the Royalist journal, the "Reveil." Theodore Gaillard and Hector -Merlin, founders of the paper, Nathan and Lucien de Rubempre, -Martainville, Auger, Destains and many authors who "were responsible -for monarchy and religion," were present. "We have enjoyed an -excellent monarchical and religious feast!" said one of the best known -romanticists as he stood on the threshold. This sentence became famous -and appeared the next morning in the "Miroir." Its repetition was -wrongly attributed to Rubempre, although it had been reported by a -book-seller who had been invited to the repast. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] - -ROCHEFIDE (Marquis Arthur de), one of the later nobility; married -through his father's instrumentality, in 1828, Beatrix de Casteran, a -descendant of the more ancient nobility. His father thought that by -doing this his son would obtain an appointment to the peerage, an -honor which he himself had vainly sought. The Comtesse de Montcornet -was interested in this marriage. Arthur de Rochefide served in the -Royal Guards. He was a handsome man, but not especially worthy. He -spent much of his time at his toilet, and it was known that he wore a -corset. He was everybody's friend, as he joined in with the opinions -and extravagances of everybody. His favorite amusement was -horse-racing, and he supported a journal devoted to the subject of -horses. Having been deserted by his wife, he mourned without becoming -the object of ridicule, and passed for a "jolly, good fellow." Made -rich by the death of his father and of his elder sister, who was the -wife of D'Ajuda-Pinto, he inherited, among other things, a splendid -mansion on rue d'Anjou-Saint-Honore. He slept and ate there only -occasionally and was very happy at not having the marital obligations -and expense customary with married men. At heart he was so well -satisfied at having been deserted by his wife, that he said to his -friends, "I was born lucky." For a long time he supported Madame -Schontz, and then they lived together maritally. She reared his -legitimate son as carefully as though he were her own child. After 1840 -she married Du Ronceret, and Arthur de Rochefide was rejoined by his -wife. He soon communicated to her a peculiar disease, which Madame -Schontz, angered at having been abandoned, had given to him, as well -as to Baron Calyste du Guenic. [Beatrix.] In 1838, Rochefide was -present at the house-warming given by Josepha in her mansion on rue de -la Ville-l'Eveque. [Cousin Betty.] - -ROCHEFIDE (Marquise de), wife of the preceding, younger daughter of -the Marquis de Casteran; born Beatrix-Maximilienne-Rose de Casteran, -about 1808, in the Casteran Castle, department of Orne. After being -reared there she became the wife of the Marquis of Rochefide in 1828. -She was fair of skin, but a flighty vain coquette, without heart or -brains--a second Madame d'Espard, except for her lack of intelligence. -About 1832 she left her husband to flee into Italy with the musician, -Gennaro Conti, whom she took from her friend, Mademoiselle des -Touches. Finally she allowed Calyste du Guenic to pay her court. She -had met him also at her friend's house, and at first resisted the -young man. Afterwards, when he was married, she abandoned herself to -him. This liaison filled Madame du Guenic with despair, but was ended -after 1840 by the crafty manoeuvres of the Abbe Brossette. Madame de -Rochefide then rejoined her husband in the elegant mansion on rue -d'Anjou-Saint-Honore, but not until she had retired with him to -Nogent-sur-Marne, to care for her health which had been injured during -the resumption of marital relations. Before this reconciliation she -lived in Paris on rue de Chartres-du-Roule, near Monceau Park. The -Marquise de Rochefide had, by her husband, a son, who was for some -time under the care of Madame Schontz. [Beatrix. The Secrets of a -Princess.] In 1834, in the presence of Madame Felix de Vandenesse, -then in love with the poet Nathan, the Marquise Charles de Vandenesse, -sister-in-law of Madame Felix, Lady Dudley, Mademoiselle des Touches, -the Marquise d'Espard, Madame Moina de Saint Hereen and Madame de -Rochefide expressed their ideas on love and marriage. "Love is -heaven," said Lady Dudley. "It is hell!" cried Mademoiselle des -Touches. "But it is a hell where there is love," replied Madame de -Rochefide. "There is often more pleasure in suffering than in -happiness; remember the martyrs!" [A Daughter of Eve.] The history of -Sarrasine was told her about 1830. The marquise was acquainted with -the Lantys, and at their house saw the strange Zambinella. -[Sarrasine.] One afternon, in the year 1836 or 1837, in her house on -rue des Chartres, Madame de Rochefide heard the story of the "Prince -of Bohemia" told by Nathan. After this narrative she became wild over -La Palferine. [A Prince of Bohemia.] - -ROCHEGUDE (Marquis de), an old man in 1821, possessing an income of -six hundred thousand francs, offered a brougham at this time to -Coralie, who was proud of having refused it, being "an artist, and not -a prostitute." [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] This Rochegude -was apparently a Rochefide. The change of names and confusion of -families was corrected eventually by law. - -RODOLPHE, natural son of an intelligent and charming Parisian and of a -Barbancon gentleman who died before he was able to arrange -satisfactorily for his sweetheart. Rodolphe was a fictitious character -in "L'Ambitieux par Amour," by Albert Savarus in the "Revue de l'Est" -in 1834, where, under this assumed name, he recounted his own -adventures. [Albert Savarus.] - -ROGER, general, minister and director of personnel in the War -Department in 1841. For thirty years a comrade of Baron Hulot. At this -time he enlightened his friend on the administrative situation, which -was seriously endangered at the time he asked for an appointment for -his sub-chief, Marneffe. This advancement was not merited, but became -possible through the dismissal of Coquet, the chief of bureau. [Cousin -Betty.] - -ROGRON, Provins tavern-keeper in the last half of the eighteenth -century and the beginning of the nineteenth. He was at first a carter, -and married the daughter of M. Auffray, a Provins grocer, by his first -wife. When his father-in-law died, Rogron bought his house from the -widow for a song, retired from business and lived there with his wife. -He possessed about two thousand francs in rentals, obtained from -twenty-seven pieces of land and the interest on the twenty thousand -francs raised by the sale of his tavern. Having become in his old age -a selfish, avaricious drunkard and shrewd as a Swiss tavern-keeper, he -reared coarsely and without affection the two children, Sylvie and -Jerome-Denis, whom he had by his wife. He died, in 1822, a widower. -[Pierrette.] - -ROGRON (Madame), wife of the preceding; daughter, by his first wife, -of M. Auffray, a Provins grocer; paternal aunt of Madame Lorrain, the -mother of Pierrette; born in 1743; very homely; married at the age of -sixteen; left her husband a widower. [Pierrette.] - -ROGRON (Sylvie), elder child of the preceding; born between 1780 and -1785 at Provins; sent to the country to be nursed. When thirteen years -old she was placed in a store on rue Saint-Denis, Paris. When twenty -years old she was second clerk in a silk-store, the Ver Chinois, and -towards the end of 1815, bought with her own savings and those of her -brother the property of the Soeur de Famille, one of the best retail -haberdasher's establishments and then kept by Madame Guenee. Sylvie -and Jerome-Denis, partners in this establishment, retired to Provins -in 1823. They lived there in their father's house, he having been dead -several months, and received their cousin, the young Pierrette -Lorrain, a fatherless and motherless child of a delicate nature, whom -they treated harshly, and who died as a result of the brutal treatment -of Sylvie, an envious spinster. This woman had been sought in -marriage, on account of her dowry, by Colonel Gouraud, and she -believed herself deserted by him for Pierrette. [Pierrette.] - -ROGRON (Jerome-Denis), two years younger than his sister Sylvie, and -like her sent to Paris by his father. When very young he entered the -establishment of one of the leading haberdashers on rue Saint-Denis, -the firm of Guepin at the Trois Quenouilles. He became first clerk -there at eighteen. Finally associated with Sylvie in the haberdasher's -establishment, the Soeur de Famille, he withdrew with her in 1823 to -Provins. Jerome-Denis Rogron was ignorant and did not amount to much, -but depended on his sister in everything, for Sylvie had "good sense -and was sharp at a bargain." He allowed his sister to maltreat -Pierrette Lorrain, and, when called before the Provins court as -responsible for the young girl's death, was acquitted. In his little -city, Rogron, through the influence of the attorney, Vinet, opposed -the government of Charles X. After 1830 he was appointed -receiver-general. The former Liberal, who was one of the masses, said -that Louis Philippe would not be a real king until he could create -noblemen. In 1828, although homely and unintelligent, he married the -beautiful Bathilde de Chargeboeuf, who inspired in him an old man's -foolish passion. [Pierrette.] - -ROGRON (Madame Denis), born Bathilde de Chargeboeuf, about 1803, one -of the most beautiful young girls of Troyes, poor but noble and -ambitious. Her relative, Vinet the attorney, had made "a little -Catherine de Medicis" of her, and married her to Denis Rogron. Some -years after this marriage she desired to become a widow as soon as -possible, so that she might marry General Marquis de Montriveau, a -peer of France, who was very attentive to her. Montriveau controlled -the department in which Rogron had a receivership. [Pierrette.] - -ROGUIN, born in 1761; for twenty-five years a Paris notary, tall and -heavy; black hair and high forehead; of somewhat distinguished -appearance; affected with ozoena. This affection caused his ruin, for, -having married the only daughter of the banker, Chevrel, he disgusted -his wife very soon, and she was untrue to him. On the other hand, he -had paid mistresses, and kept and was fleeced by Sarah van Gobseck ---"La Belle Hollandaise"--mother of Esther. He had met her about 1815. -In 1818 and 1819 Roguin, seriously compromised by careless financial -ventures as well as by dissipation, disappeared from Paris; and thus -brought about the ruin of Guillaume Grandet, Cesar Birotteau, and -Mesdames Descoings and Bridau. [Cesar Birotteau. Eugenie Grandet. A -Bachelor's Establishment.] Roguin had by his wife a daughter, whom he -married to the president of the Provins tribunal. She was called in -that city "the beautiful Madame Tiphaine." [Pierrette.] In 1816 he -made, for Ginevra di Piombo, a respectful request of her father that -he would allow his daughter to marry Luigi Porta, an enemy of the -family. [The Vendetta.] - -ROGUIN (Madame), born Chevrel between the years 1770 and 1780; only -daughter of Chevrel, the banker; wife of the preceding; cousin of -Madame Guillaume of The Cat and Racket, and fifteen years her junior; -aided her relative's daughter, Augustine, in her love affair with the -painter, Sommervieux; pretty and coquettish; for a long time the -mistress of Tillet, the banker; was present with her husband at the -famous ball given by Cesar Birotteau, December 17, 1818. She had a -country-house at Nogent-sur-Marne, in which she lived with her lover -after Roguin's departure. [Cesar Birotteau. At the Sign of the Cat and -Racket. Pierrette.] In 1815 Caroline Crochard, then an embroiderer, -worked for Madame Roguin, who made her wait for her wages. [A Second -Home.] In 1834 and 1835 Madame Roguin, then more than fifty years of -age, still posed as young and dominated Du Tillet, who was married to -the charming Marie-Eugenie de Granville. [A Daughter of Eve.] - -ROGUIN (Mathilde-Melanie). (See Tiphaine, Madame.) - -ROMETTE (La). (See Paccard, Jeromette.) - -RONCERET (Du), president of the Alencon tribunal under the -Restoration; was then a tall man, very thin, with forehead sloping -back to his thin chestnut hair; eyes of different colors, and -compressed lips. Not having been courted by the nobility, he turned -his attention to the middle classes, and then in the suit against -Victurnien d'Esgrignon, charged with forgery, he immediately took part -in the prosecution. That a preliminary trial might be avoided he kept -away from Alencon, but a judgment which acquitted Victurnien was -rendered during his absence. M. du Ronceret, in Machiavelli fashion, -manoeuvred to gain for his son Fabien the hand of a wealthy heiress of -the city, Mademoiselle Blandureau, who had also been sought by Judge -Blondet for his son Joseph. In this contest the judge won over his -chief. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] M. du Ronceret died in 1837, -while holding the presidency of chamber at the Royal Court of Caen. -The Du Roncerets, ennobled under Louis XV., had arms bearing the word -"Servir" as a motto and a squire's helmet. [Beatrix.] - -RONCERET (Madame du), wife of the preceding, tall and ill-formed; of -serious disposition; dressed herself in the most absurd costumes of -gorgeous colors; spent much time at her toilet, and never went to a -ball without first decorating her head with a turban, such as the -English were then wearing. Madame du Ronceret received each week, and -each quarter gave a great three-course dinner, which was spoken of in -Alencon, for the president then endeavored, with his miserly -abundance, to compete with M. du Bousquier's elegance. In the -Victurnien d'Esgrignon affair, Madame du Ronceret, at the instigation -of her husband, urged the deputy, Sauvages, to work against the young -nobleman. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -RONCERET (Fabien-Felicien du), or Duronceret, son of the preceding -couple; born about 1802, educated at Alencon; was here the companion -in dissipation of Victurnien d'Esgrignon, whose evil nature he -stimulated at M. du Bousquier's instigation. [Jealousies of a Country -Town.] At first a judge in Alencon, Du Ronceret resigned after the -death of his father and went to Paris in 1838, with the intention of -pushing himself into notice by first causing an uproar. He became -acquainted in Bohemian circles where he was called "The Heir," on -account of some prodigalities. Having made the acquaintance of -Couture, the journalist, he was presented by him to Madame Schontz, a -popular courtesan of the day, and became his successor in an elegantly -furnished establishment in a first floor on rue Blanche. He there -began as vice-president of a horticultural society. After an opening -session, during which he delivered an address which he had paid -Lousteau five hundred francs to compose, and where he made himself -noticed by a flower given him by Judge Blondet, he was decorated. -Later he married Madame Schontz, who wished to enter middle-class -society. Ronceret expected, with her influence, to become president of -the court and officer of the Legion of Honor [Beatrix.] While -purchasing a shawl for his wife at M. Fritot's, in company with -Bixiou, Fabien du Ronceret was present about 1844 at the comedy which -took place when the Selim shawl was sold to Mistress Noswell. -[Gaudissart II.] - -RONCERET (Madame Fabien du), born Josephine Schiltz in 1805, wife of -the preceding, daughter of a colonel under the Empire; fatherless and -motherless, at nine years of age she was sent to Saint-Denis by -Napoleon in 1814, and remained in that educational institution, as -assistant-mistress, until 1827. At this time Josephine Schiltz, who -was a god-child of the Empress, began the adventurous life of a -courtesan, after the example of some of her companions who were, like -her, at the end of their patience. She now changed her name from -Schiltz to Schontz, and she was also known under the assumed name of -Little Aurelie. Animated, intelligent and pretty, after having -sacrificed herself to true love, after having known "some poor but -dishonorable writers," after having tried intimacy with several rich -simpletons, she was met in a day of distress, at Valentino Mussard's, -by Arthur de Rochefide, who loved her madly. Having been abandoned by -his wife for two years, he lived with her in free union. This evil -state of affairs existed until the time when Josephine Schiltz was -married by Fabien du Ronceret. In order to have revenge on the Marquis -de Rochefide for abandoning her, she gave him a peculiar disease, -which she had made Fabien du Ronceret contract, and which also was -conveyed to Calyste du Guenic. During her life as a courtesan, her -rivals were Suzanne de Val-Noble, Fanny Beaupre, Mariette, Antonia, -and Florine. She was intimate with Finot, Nathan, Claude Vignon, to -whom she probably owed her critical mind, Bixiou, Leon de Lora, Victor -de Vernisset, La Palferine, Gobeneim, Vermanton the cynical -philosphoer, etc. She even hoped to marry one of these. In 1836 she -lived on rue Flechier, and was the mistress of Lousteau, to whom she -wished to marry Felicie Cardot, the notary's daughter. Later she -belonged to Stidmann. In 1838 she was present at Josepha's -house-warming on rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. In 1840, at the first -performance at the Ambigu, she met Madame de la Baudraye, then -Lousteau's mistress. Josephine Schiltz finally became the wife of -President du Ronceret. [Beatrix. The Muse of the Department. Cousin -Betty. The Unconscious Humorists.] - -RONQUEROLLES (Marquis de), brother of Madame de Serizy; uncle of the -Comtesse Laginska; one of "The Thirteen," and one of the most -efficient governmental diplomats under Louis Philippe; next to the -Prince de Talleyrand the shrewdest ambassador; was of great service to -Marsay during his service as a minister; was sent to Russia in 1838 on -a secret mission. Having lost his two children during the cholera -scourge of 1832, he was left without a direct heir. He had been a -deputy on the Right Centre under the Restoration, representing a -department in Bourgogne, where he was proprietor of a forest and of a -castle next to the Aigues in the commune of Blangy. When Gaubertin, -the steward, was discharged by the Comte de Montcornet, Soudry spoke -as follows: "Patience! We have Messieurs de Soulanges and de -Ronquerolles." [The Imaginary Mistress. The Peasantry. Ursule -Mirouet.] M. de Ronquerolles was an intimate friend of the Marquis -d'Aiglemont; they even addressed each other familiarly as _thou_ -instead of _you_. [A Woman of Thirty.] He alone knew of Marsay's first -love and the name of "Charlotte's" husband. [Another Study of Woman.] -In 1820 the Marquis de Ronquerolles, while at a ball at the -Elysee-Bourbon, in the Duchesse de Berri's house, provoked Auguste de -Maulincour, of whom Ferragus Bourignard had complained, to a duel. -Also, as a result of his membership in the Thirteen, Ronquerolles, -along with Marsay, helped General de Montriveau abduct the Duchesse de -Langeais from the convent of bare-footed Carmelites, where she had -taken refuge. [The Thirteen.] In 1839 he was M. de Rhetore's second in -a duel fought with Dorlange-Sallenauve, the sculptor, in connection -with Marie Gaston. [The Member for Arcis.] - -ROSALIE, rosy-cheeked and buxom, waiting-maid to Madame de Merret at -Vendome; then, after the death of her mistress, servant employed by -Madame Lepas, tavern-keeper in that town. She finally told Horace -Bianchon the drama of La Grande Breteche and the misfortunes of the -Merrets. [La Grande Breteche.] - -ROSALIE, chambermaid to Madame Moreau at Presles in 1822. [A Start in -Life.] - -ROSE, maid in the service of Armande-Louise-Marie de Chaulieu in 1823, -at the time when this young lady, having left the Carmelites of Blois, -came to live with her father on the Boulevard des Invalides in Paris. -[Letters of Two Brides.] - -ROSINA, an Italian from Messina, wife of a Piedmont gentleman, who was -captain in the French army under the Empire; mistress of her husband's -colonel. She died with her lover near Beresina in 1812, her jealous -husband having set fire to the hut which she and the colonel were -occupying. [Another Study of Woman.] - -ROUBAUD, born about 1803 was declared doctor by the Paris medical -school, a pupil of Desplein; practiced medicine at Montegnac, -Haute-Vienne, under Louis Philippe, small man of fair skin and very -insipid appearance, but with gray eyes which betrayed the depth of a -physiologist and the tenacity of a student. Roubaud was introduced to -Madame Graslin by the Cure Bonnet, who was in despair at Roubaud's -religious indifference. The young physician admired and secretly loved -this celebrated Limousinese, and became converted suddenly to -Catholicism on seeing the saintly death of Madame Graslin. When dying -she made him head-physician in a hospital founded by her at the -Tascherons near Montegnac. [The Country Parson.] - -ROUGET (Doctor), an Issoudun physician under Louis XVI. and the -Republic; born in 1737; died in 1805; married the most beautiful girl -of the city, whom, it is said, he made very unhappy. He had by her two -children: a son, Jean-Jacques; and, ten years later, a daughter, -Agathe, who became Madame Bridau. The birth of this daughter brought -about a rupture between the doctor and his intimate friend, the -sub-delegate Lousteau, whom Rouget, doubtless wrongly, accused of being -the girl's father. Each of these men charged the other with being the -father of Maxence Gilet, who was in reality the son of a dragoon -officer, stationed at Bourges. Doctor Rouget, who passed for a very -disagreeable, unaccommodating man, was selfish and spiteful. He -quickly got rid of his daughter, whom he hated. After his wife, his -mother-in-law and his father-in-law had died, he was very rich, and -although his life was apparently regular and free from scandal, he was -in reality very dissipated. In 1799, filled with admiration for the -beauty of the little Rabouilleuse, Flore Brazier, he received her into -his own home, where she stayed, becoming first the mistress, and -afterwards the wife of his son, Jean-Jacques, and eventually Madame -Philippe Bridau, Comtesse de Bramboug. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -ROUGET (Madame), born Descoings, wife of the preceding, daughter of -rich and avaricous wool-dealers at Issoudun, elder sister of the -grocer, Descoings, who married the widow of M. Bixiou and afterwards -died with Andre Chenier, July 25, 1794, on the scaffold. As a young -woman, although in very poor health, she was celebrated for her -beauty. Not being gifted with a very sound intellect, when married it -was thought that she was very badly treated by Doctor Rouget. Her -husband believed that she was unfaithful to him for the sake of the -sub-delegate, Lousteau. Madame Rouget, deprived of her dearly-beloved -daughter, and finding her son lacking altogether in affection for her, -declined rapidly and died early in 1799, unwept by her husband, who -had counted correctly on her early death. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -ROUGET (Jean-Jacques), born at Issoudun in 1768, son of the preceding -couple, brother of Madame Bridau, who was ten years his junior. -Entirely lacking in intellect, he became wildly in love with Flore -Brazier, whom he knew as a child in his father's house. He made this -girl his servant-mistress soon after the doctor's death, and allowed -her lover, Maxence Gilet, near her. He finally married her in 1823, -being urged to do so by his nephew, Philippe Bridau, who soon took -Rouget to Paris, and there arranged for the old man's early death by -starting him into dissipation. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] After the -death of J.-J. Rouget, the Baudrayes of Sancerre bought part of his -furniture, and had it removed from Issoudun to Anzy, where they placed -it in their castle, which had formerly belonged to the Cadignans. [The -Muse of the Department.] - -ROUGET (Madame Jean-Jacques). (See Bridau, Madame Philippe.) - -ROUSSE (La), significant name given Madame Prelard. (See this last -name.) - -ROUSSEAU, driver of the public hack which carried the taxes collected -at Caen. This conveyance was attacked and plundered by robbers in May, -1809, in the forest of Chesnay, near Mortagne, Orne. Rousseau, being -looked upon as an accomplice of the robbers, was included in the -prosecution which took place soon after; but he was acquitted. [The -Seamy Side of History.] - -ROUSTAN, Mameluke, in the service of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was with -his master on the eve of the battle of Jena, October 13, 1806, when -Laurence de Cinq-Cygne and M. de Chargeboeuf observed him holding the -Emperor's horse as Napoleon dismounted. This was just before these two -approached the Emperor to ask pardon for the Hauteserres and the -Simeuses, who had been condemned as accomplices in the abduction of -Senator Malin. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -ROUVILLE (de), (See Leseigneur, Madame.) - -ROUVRE (Marquis du), father of the Comtesse Clementine Laginska; threw -away a considerable fortune, by means of which he had brought about -his marriage with a Ronquerolles maiden. This fortune was partly eaten -up by Florine, "one of the most charming actresses of Paris." [The -Imaginary Mistress.] M. du Rouvre was the brother-in-law of the Comte -de Serizy, who, like him, had married a Ronquerolles. Having been a -marquis under the old regime, M. du Rouvre was created count and made -chamberlain by the Emperor. [A Start in Life.] In 1829, M. du Rouvre, -then ruined, lived at Nemours. He had near this city a castle which he -sold at great loss to Minoret-Levrault. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -ROUVRE (Chevalier du), younger brother of the Marquis du Rouvre; an -eccentric old bachelor, who became wealthy by dealing in houses and -real estate, and is supposed to have left his fortune to his niece, -the Comtesse Clementine Laginska. [The Imaginary Mistress. Ursule -Mirouet.] - -ROUZEAU, an Angouleme printer, predecessor and master of -Jerome-Nicolas Sechard, in the eighteenth century. [Lost Illusions.] - -RUBEMPRE (Lucien-Chardon de), born in 1800 at Angouleme; son of -Chardon, a surgeon in the armies of the Republic who became an -apothecary in that town, and of Mademoiselle de Rubempre, his wife, -the descendant of a very noble family. He was a journalist, poet, -romance writer, author of "Les Marguerites," a book of sonnets, and of -the "Archer de Charles IX.," a historical romance. He shone for a time -in the salon of Madame de Bargeton, born Marie-Louise-Anais de -Negrepelisse, who became enamored of him, enticed him to Paris, and -there deserted him, at the instigation of her cousin, Madame d'Espard. -He met the members of the Cenacle on rue des Quatre-Vents, and became -well acquainted with D'Arthez. Etienne Lousteau, who revealed to him -the shameful truth concerning literary life, introduced him to the -well-known publisher, Dauriat, and escorted him to an opening night at -the Panorama-Dramatique theatre, where the poet saw the charming -Coralie. She loved him at first sight, and he remained true to her -until her death in 1822. Started by Lousteau into undertaking Liberal -journalism, Lucien de Rubempre passed over suddenly to the Royalist -side, founding the "Reveil," an extremely partisan organ, with the -hope of obtaining from the King the right to adopt the name of his -mother. At this time he frequented the social world and thus brought -to poverty his mistress. He was wounded in a duel by Michel Chrestien, -whom he had made angry by an article in the "Reveil," which had -severely criticised a very excellent book by Daniel d'Arthez. Coralie -having died, he departed for Angouleme on foot, with no resources -except twenty francs that Berenice, the cousin and servant of her -mistress, had received from chance lovers. He came near dying of -exhaustion and sorrow, very near the city of his birth. He found there -Madame de Bargeton, then the wife of Comte Sixte du Chatelet, prefect -of Charente and a state councilor. Despite the warm reception given -him, first by a laudatory article in a local newspaper, and next by a -serenade from his young fellow-citizens, he left Angouleme hastily, -desperate at having been responsible for the ruin of his brother-in-law, -David Sechard, and contemplating suicide. While walking along he -chanced upon Canon Carlos Herrera (Jacques Collin--Vautrin), who took -him to Paris and became the guardian of his future career. In 1824, -while passing an evening at the theatre Porte-Saint-Martin, Rubempre -became acquainted with Esther Van Gobseck, called La Torpille, a -courtesan. They were both seized at once with a violent love. A little -later, at the last Opera ball of the winter of 1824, they would have -compromised their security and pleasure if it had not been for the -interference of Jacques Collin, called Vautrin, and if Lucien had not -denied certain people the pleasure of satisfying their ill-willed -curiosity, by agreeing to take supper at Lointier's.[*] Lucien de -Rubempre sought to become the son-in-law of the Grandlieus; he was -welcomed by the Rabourdins; he became the protector of Savinien de -Portenduere; he became the lover of Mmes. Maufrigneuse and Serizy, and -the beloved of Lydie Peyrade. His life of ambition and of pleasure -ended in the Conciergerie, where he was imprisoned unjustly, charged -with robbing and murdering Esther, or with being an accomplice. He -hanged himself while in prison, May 15, 1830. [Lost Illusions. A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris. The Government Clerks. Ursule -Mirouet. Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Lucien de Rubempre lived in -turn in Paris at the Hotel du Gaillard-Bois, rue de l'Echelle, in a -room in the Quartier Latin, in the Hotel de Cluny on the street of the -same name, in a lodging-house on rue Charlot, in another on rue de la -Lune in company with Coralie, in a little apartment on rue Cassette -with Jacques Collin, who followed him at least to one of his two -houses on the Quai Malaquais and on rue Taitbout, the former home of -Beaudenord and of Caroline de Bellefeuille. He is buried in -Pere-Lachaise in a costly tomb which contains also the body of Esther -Gobseck, and in which there is a place reserved for Jacques Collin. A -series of articles, sharp and pointed, on Rubempre is entitled "Les -Passants de Paris." - -[*] The Lointier restaurant, on rue Richelieu, opposite rue de la - Bourse, was very popular about 1846 with the "four hundred." - -RUFFARD, called Arrachelaine, a robber and at the same time employed -by Bibi-Lupin, chief of secret police in 1830; connected, with Godet, -in the assassination of the Crottats, husband and wife, committed by -Dannepont, called La Pouraille. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -RUFFIN, born in 1815, the instructor of Francis Graslin after 1840. -Ruffin was a professional teacher, and was possessed of a wonderful -amount of information. His extreme tenderness "did not exclude from -his nature the severity necessary on the part of one who wishes to -govern a child." He was of pleasing appearance, known for his patience -and piety. He was taken to Madame Graslin from his diocese by the -Archbishop Dutheil, and had, for at least nine years, the direction of -the young man who had been put in his charge. [The Country Parson.] - -RUSTICOLI. (See La Palferine.) - - - - S - -SABATIER, police-agent; Corentin regretted not having had his -assistance in the search with Peyrade, at Gondreville, in 1803. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] - -SABATIER (Madame), born in 1809. She formerly sold slippers in the -trade gallery of the Palais de Justice, in Paris; widow of a man who -killed himself by excessive drinking, became a trained nurse, and -married a man whom she had nursed and had cured of an affection of the -urinary ducts ("lurinary," according to Madame Cibot), and by whom she -had a fine child. She lived in rue Barre-du-Bec. Madame Bordevin, a -relative, wife of a butcher of the rue Charlot, was god-mother of the -child. [Cousin Pons.] - -SAGREDO, a very wealthy Venetian senator, born in 1730, husband of -Bianca Vendramini; was strangled, in 1760, by Facino Cane, whom he had -found with Bianca, conversing on the subject of love, but in an -entirely innocent way. [Facino Cane.] - -SAGREDA (Bianca), wife of the preceding, born Vendramini, about 1742; -in 1760, she undeservingly incurred the suspicion, in the eyes of her -husband, of criminal relations with Facino Cane, and was unwilling to -follow her platonic friend away from Venice after the murder of -Sagredo. [Facino Cane.] - -SAILLARD, a clerk of mediocre talent in the Department of Finance, -during the reigns of Louis XVIII. and of Charles X.; formerly -book-keeper at the Treasury, where he is believed to have succeeded the -elder Poiret;[*] he was afterwards appointed chief cashier, and held -that position a long while. Saillard married Mademoiselle Bidault, a -daughter of a furniture merchant, whose establishment was under the -pillars of the Paris market, and a niece of the bill-discounter on rue -Greneta; he had by her a daughter, Elisabeth, who became by marriage -Madame Isidore Baudoyer; owned an old mansion on Place Royale, where -he lived together with the family of Isidore Baudoyer; he became mayor -of his ward during the monarchy of July, and renewed then his -acquaintance with his old comrades of the department, the Minards and -the Thuilliers. [The Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] - -[*] The Compilers subsequently dispute this. - -SAILLARD (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Bidault, in 1767; niece -of the bill-discounter called Gigonnet; was the leading spirit of the -household on Place Royale, and, above all, the counselor of her -husband; she reared her daughter Elisabeth, who became Madame -Baudoyer, very strictly. [Cesar Birotteau. The Government Clerks.] - -SAIN, shared with Augustin the sceptre of miniature painting under the -Empire. In 1809, before the Wagram campaign, he painted a miniature of -Montcornet, then young and handsome; this painting passed from the -hands of Madame Fortin, mistress of the future marshal, to the hands -of their daughter, Madame Valerie Crevel (formerly Marneffe). [Cousin -Betty.] - -SAINT-DENIS (De), assumed name of the police-agent, Corentin. - -SAINTE-BEAUVE (Charles-Augustin), born at Boulogne-sur-Mer in 1805; -died in Paris in 1869; an academician and senator under the Second -Empire. An illustrious Frenchman of letters whom Raoul Nathan imitated -poorly enough before Beatrix de Rochefide in his account of the -adventures of Charles-Edouard Rusticoli de la Palferine. [A Prince of -Bohemia.] - -SAINTE-SEVERE (Madame de), cousin to Gaston de Nueil, lived in Bayeux, -where she received, in 1822, her young kinsman, just convalescing from -some inflammatory disorder caused by excess in study or in pleasure. -[The Deserted Woman.] - -SAINT-ESTEVE (De), name of Jacques Collin as chief of the secret -police. - -SAINT-ESTEVE (Madame de), an assumed name, shared by Madame Jacqueline -Collin and Madame Nourrisson. - -SAINT-FOUDRILLE (De), a "brilliant scholar," lived in Paris, and most -likely in the Saint-Jacques district, at least about 1840, the time -when Thuillier wished to know him. [The Middle Classes.] - -SAINT-FOUDRILLE (Madame de), wife of the preceding, received, about -1840, a very attentive visit from the Thuillier family. [The Middle -Classes.] - -SAINT-GEORGES (Chevalier de), 1745-1801, a mulatto, of superb figure -and features, son of a former general; captain of the guards of the -Duc d'Orleans; served with distinction under Dumouriez; arrested in -1794 on suspicion, and released after the 9th Thermidor; he became -distinguished in the pleasing art of music, and especially in the art -of fencing. The Chevalier de Saint-Georges traded at the Cat and -Racket on the rue Saint-Denis, but did not pay his debts. Monsieur -Guillaume had obtained a judgment of the consular government against -him. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] Later he was made popular by -a production of a comedie-vaudeville of Roger de Beauvoir, at the -Varietees under Louis Philippe, with the comedian Lafont[*] as -interpreter. - -[*] Complimented in 1836, at the chateau of Madame de la Baudraye, by - Etienne Lousteau and Horace Bianchon. - -SAINT-GERMAIN (De), one of the assumed names of police-agent Peyrade. - -SAINT-HEREEN (Comte de), husband of Moina d'Aiglemont, was heir of one -of the most illustrious houses of France. He lived with his wife and -mother-in-law in a house belonging to the former, on the rue Plumet -(now rue Oudinot), adjoining the Boulevard des Invalides; about the -middle of December, 1843, he left this house alone to go on a -political mission; during this time his wife received too willingly -the frequent and compromising visits of young Alfred de Vandenesse, -and his mother-in-law died suddenly. [A Woman of Thirty.] - -SAINT-HEREEN (Countess Moina de), wife of the preceding; of five -children she was the only one that survived Monsieur and Madame -d'Aiglemont, in the second half of Louis Philippe's reign. Blindly -spoiled by her mother, she repaid that almost exclusive affection by -coldness only, or even disdain. By a cruel word Moina caused the death -of her mother; she dared, indeed, to recall to her mother her former -relations with Marquis Charles de Vandenesse, whose son Alfred she -herself was receiving with too much pleasure in the absence of -Monsieur de Saint-Hereen. [A Woman of Thirty.] In a conversation -concerning love with the Marquise de Vandenesse, Lady Dudley, -Mademoiselle des Touches, the Marquise of Rochefide, and Madame -d'Espard, Moina laughingly remarked: "A lover is forbidden fruit, a -statement that sums up the whole case with me." [A Daughter of Eve.] -Madame Octave de Camps, referring to Nais de l'Estorade, then a girl, -made the following cutting remark: "That little girl makes me anxious; -she reminds me of Moina d'Aiglemont." [The Member for Arcis.] - -SAINT-MARTIN (Louis-Claude de), called the "Unknown Philosopher," was -born on the 18th of January, 1743, at Amboise, and died October 13, -1803; he was very often received at Clochegourde by Madame de -Verneuil, an aunt of Madame de Mortsauf, who knew him there. At -Clochegourde, Saint-Martin superintended the publication of his last -books, which were printed at Letourmy's in Tours. [The Lily of the -Valley.] - -SAINT-VIER (Madame de). (See Gentillet.) - -SAINTOT (Astolphe de), one of the frequenters of the Bargeton salon at -Angouleme; president of the society of agriculture of his town; though -"ignorant as a carp," he passed for a scholar of the first rank; and, -though he did nothing, he let it be believed that he had been occupied -for several years with writing a treatise on modern methods of -cultivation. His success in the world was due, for the most part, to -quotations from Cicero, learned by heart in the morning and recited in -the evening. Though a tall, stout, red-faced man, Saintot seemed to be -ruled by his wife. [Lost Illusions.] - -SAINTOT (Madame de), wife of the preceding. Her Christian name was -Elisa, and she was usually called Lili, a childish designaton that was -in strong contrast with the character of this lady, who was dry and -solemn, extremely pious, and a cross and quarrelsome card-player. -[Lost Illusions.] - -SALLENAUVE (Francois-Henri-Pantaleon-Dumirail, Marquis de), a noble of -Champagne, lost and ruined by cards, in his old age was reduced to the -degree of a street-sweep, under the service of Jacques Bricheteau. -[The Member for Arcis.] - -SALLENAUVE (Comte de), legal son of the preceding, was born in 1809 of -the relations of Catherine-Antoinette Goussard and Jacques Collin; -grandson of Danton through his mother; school-mate of Marie Gaston, -whose friend he continued to be, and for whom he fought a duel. For a -long time he knew nothing of his family, but lived almost to the age -of thirty under the name of Charles Dorlange. [The Member for Arcis.] - -SALLENAUVE (Comtesse de), wife of the preceding, born Jeanne-Athenais -de l'Estorade (Nais, by familiar abbreviation) in February, 1827; the -precocious and rather spoilt child of the Comte and Comtesse Louis de -l'Estorade. [Letters of Two Brides. The Member for Arcis.] - -SALMON, formerly expert in the museum at Paris. In 1826, while on a -visit at Tours, whither he had gone to see his mother-in-law, he was -engaged to assess a "Virgin" by Valentin and a "Christ" by Lebrun, -paintings which Abbe Francois Birotteau had inherited from Abbe -Chapeloud, having left them in an apartment recently occupied by -himself at Mademoiselle Sophie Gamard's. [The Vicar of Tours.] - -SALOMON (Joseph), of Tours, or near Tours, uncle and guardian to -Pauline Salomon de Villenoix, a very rich Jewess. He was deeply -attached to his niece and wished a brilliant match for her. Louis -Lambert, who was engaged to Pauline, said: "This terrible Salomon -freezes me; this man is not of our heaven." [Louis Lambert.] - -SAMANON, a squint-eyed speculator, followed the various professions of -a money-handler during the reigns of Louis XVIII., Charles X., and -Louis Philippe. In 1821, Lucien de Rubempre, still a novice, visited -Samanon's establishment in the Faubourg Poissonniere, where he was -then engaged in the numerous trades of dealing in old books and old -clothes, of brokerage, and of discount. There he found a certain great -man of unknown identity, a Bohemian and cynic, who had come to borrow -his own clothes that he had left in pawn. [A Distinguished Provincial -at Paris.] Nearly three years later, Samanon was the man of straw of -the Gobseck-Bidault (Gigonnet) combination, who were persecuting -Chardin des Lupeaulx for the payment of debts due them. [The -Government Clerks.] After 1830, the usurer joined with the Cerizets -and the Claparons when they tried to circumvent Maxime de Trailles. [A -Man of Business.] The same Samanon, about 1844, had bills to the value -of ten thousand francs against Baron Hulot d'Ervy, who was seeking -refuge under the name of Father Vyder. [Cousin Betty.] - -SAN-ESTEBAN (Marquise de), a foreign and aristocratic sounding assumed -name, under which Jacqueline Collin disguised herself when she visited -the Conciergerie, in May, 1830, to see Jacques Collin, himself under -the incognito of Carlos Herrera. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -SAN-REAL (Don Hijos, Marquis de), born about 1735, a powerful -nobleman; he enjoyed the friendship of Ferdinand VII., King of Spain, -and married a natural daughter of Lord Dudley, Margarita-Euphemia -Porraberil (born of a Spanish mother), with whom he lived in Paris, in -1815, in a mansion on the rue Saint-Lazare, near Nucingen. [The -Thirteen.] - -SAN REAL (Marquise de), wife of the preceding, born Margarita-Euphemia -Porraberil, natural daughter of Lord Dudley and a Spanish woman, and -sister of Henri de Marsay; had the restless energy of her brother, -whom she resembled also in appearance. Brought up at Havana, she was -then taken back to Madrid, accompanied by a creole girl of the -Antilles, Paquita Valdes, with whom she maintained passionate -unnatural relations, that marriage did not interrupt and which were -being continued in Paris in 1815, when the marquise, meeting a rival -in her brother, Henri de Marsay, killed Paquita. After this murder, -Madame de San Real retired to Spain to the convent of Los Dolores. -[The Thirteen.] - -SANSON (Charles-Henri), public executioner in the period of the -Revolution, and beheader of Louis XVI.; he attended two masses -commemorating the death of the King, celebrated in 1793 and 1794, by -the Abbe de Marolles, to whom his identity was afterwards disclosed by -Ragon. [An Episode under the Terror.] - -SANSON, son of the preceding, born about 1770, descended, as was his -father, from headsmen of Rouen. After having been captain of cavalry -he assisted his father in the execution of Louis XVI.; was his agent -when scaffolds were operated at the same time in the Place Louis XV. -and the Place du Trone, and eventually succeeded him. Sanson was -prepared to "accommodate" Theodore Calvi in May, 1830; he awaited the -condemning order, which was not issued. He had the appearance of a -rather distinguished Englishman. At least Sanson gave Jacques Collin -that impression, when he met the ex-convict, then confined at the -Conciergerie. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] Sanson lived in the -rue des Marais (the district of the Faubourg Saint-Martin), which is a -much shorter street now than formerly. - -SARCUS was justice of the peace, in the reign of Louis XVIII., at -Soulanges (Bourgogne), where he lived on his fifteen hundred francs, -together with the rent of a house in which he lived, and three hundred -francs from the public funds. Sarcus married the elder sister of -Vermut, the druggist of Soulanges, by whom he had a daughter, Adeline, -afterwards Madame Adolphe Sibilet. This functionary of inferior order, -a handsome little old man with iron-gray hair, was none the less the -politician of the first order in the society of Soulanges, which was -completely under Madame Soudry's sway, and which counted almost all -Montcornet's enemies. [The Peasantry.] - -SARCUS, cousin in the third degree of the preceding; called Sarcus the -Rich; in 1817 a counselor at the prefecture of the department of -Bourgogne, which Monsieur de la Roche-Hugon and Monsieur de Casteran -governed successively under the Restoration, and which included as -dependencies Ville-aux-Fayes, Soulanges, Blangy, and Aigues. He -recommended Sibilet as steward for Aigues, which was Montcornet's -estate. Sarcus the Rich was a member of the Chamber of Deputies; he -was also said to be right-hand man to the prefect. [The Peasantry.] - -SARCUS (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Vallat, in 1778, of a -family connected with the Gaubertins, was supposed in her youth to -have favored Monsieur Lupin, who, in 1823, was still paying devoted -attentions to this woman of forty-five, the mother of an engineer. -[The Peasantry.] - -SARCUS, son of the preceding couple, became, in 1823, general engineer -of bridges and causeways of Ville-aux-Fayes, thus completing the group -of powerful native families hostile to the Montcornets. [The -Peasantry.] - -SARCUS-TAUPIN, a miller at Soulanges, who enjoyed an income of fifty -thousand francs; the Nucingen of his town; was father of a daughter -whose hand was sought by Lupin, the notary, and by President Gendrin -for their respective sons. [The Peasantry.] - -SARRASINE (Matthieu or Mathieu), a laborer in the neighborhood of -Saint-Die, father of a rich lawyer of Franche-Comte, and grandfather -of the sculptor, Ernest-Jean Sarrasine. [Sarrasine.] - -SARRASINE, a rich lawyer of Franche-Comte in the eighteenth century, -father of the sculptor, Ernest-Jean Sarrasine. [Sarrasine.] - -SARRASINE (Ernest-Jean), a famous French sculptor, son of the -preceding and grandson of Matthieu Sarrasine. When quite young he -showed a calling for art strong enough to combat the will of his -father, who wished him to adopt the legal profession; he went to -Paris, entered Bouchardon's studio, found a friend and protector in -this master; became acquainted with Madame Geoffrin, Sophie Arnould, -the Baron d'Holbach, and J.-J. Rousseau. Having become the lover of -Clotilde, the famous singer at the Opera, Sarrasine won the sculptor's -prize founded by Marigny, a brother of La Pompadour, and received -praise from Diderot. He then went to Rome to live (1758); became -intimate with Vien, Louthrebourg,[*] Allegrain, Vitagliani, Cicognara, -and Chigi. He then fell madly in love with the eunuch Zambinella, -uncle of the Lanty-Duvignons; believing him to be a woman, he made a -magnificent bust of the singular singer, who was kept by Cicognara, -and, having carried him off, was murdered at the instigation of his -rival in the same year, 1758. The story of Sarrasine's life was -related, during the Restoration, to Beatrix de Rochefide. [Sarrasine. -The Member for Arcis.] - -[*] Or Louthrebourg, and also Lauterbourg, intentionally left out in - the Repertory because of the various ways of spelling the name. - -SAUTELOUP, familiarly called "Father Sauteloup," had the task, in May, -1830, of reading to Theodore Calvi, who was condemned to death and a -prisoner in the Conciegerie, the denial of his petition for appeal. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -SAUVAGE (Madame), a person of repulsive appearance, and of doubtful -morality, the servant-mistress of Maitre Fraisier; on the death of -Pons, kept house for Schmucke, who inherited from Pons to the -prejudice of the Camusot de Marvilles. [Cousin Pons.] - -SAUVAGE, first deputy of the king's attorney at Alencon; a young -magistrate, married, harsh, stiff, ambitious, and selfish; took sides -against Victurnien d'Esgrignon in the notorious affair known as the -D'Esgrignon-Du-Bousquier case; after the famous lawsuit he was sent to -Corsica. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -SAUVAGNEST, successor of the attorney Bordin, and predecessor of -Maitre Desroches; was an attorney in Paris. [A Start in Life.] - -SAUVAIGNOU (of Marseilles), a head carpenter, had a hand in the sale -of the house on the Place de la Madeleine which was bought in 1840, by -the Thuilliers at the urgent instance of Cerizet, Claparon, Dutocq, -and especially Theodose de la Peyrade. [The Middle Classes.] - -SAUVIAT (Jerome-Baptiste), born in Auvergne, about 1747; a traveling -tradesman from 1792 to 1796; of commercial tastes, rough, energetic, -and avaricious; of a profoundly religious nature; was imprisoned -during the Terror; barely escaped being beheaded for abetting the -escape of a bishop; married Mademoiselle Champagnac at Limoges in -1797; had by her a daughter, Veronique (Madame Pierre Graslin); after -the death of his father-in-law, he bought, in the same town, the house -which he was occupying as tenant and where he sold old iron; he -continued his business there; retired from business in wealth, but -still, at a later period, went as superintendent into a porcelain -factory with J.-F. Tascheron; gave his attention to that work for at -least three years, and died then through an accident in 1827. [The -Country Parson.] - -SAUVIAT (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Champagnac, about 1767; -daughter of a coppersmith of Limoges, who became a widower in 1797, -and from whom she afterwards inherited. Madame Sauviat lived, in turn, -near the rue de la Vieille-Poste, a suburb of Limoges, and at -Montegnac. Like Sauviat, she was industrious, rough, grasping, -economical, and hard, but pious withal; and like him, too, she adored -Veronique, whose terrible secret she knew,--a sort of Marcellange -affair.[*] [The Country Parson.] - -[*] A famous criminal case of the time. - -SAVARON DE SAVARUS, a noble and wealthy family, whose various members -known in the eighteenth century were as follows: Savaron de Savarus -(of Tournai), a Fleming, true to Flemish traditions, with whom the -Claes and the Pierquins seem to have had transactions. [The Quest of -the Absolute.] Mademoiselle Savarus, a native of Brabant, a wealthy -unmarried heiress; Savarus (Albert), a French attorney, descended, but -not lineally, from the Comte de Savarus. [Albert Savarus.] - -SAVARUS (Albert Savaron de), of the family of the preceding list, but -natural son of the Comte de Savarus, was born about 1798; was -secretary to a minister of Charles X., and was also Master of -Requests. The Revolution of 1830 fatally interrupted a very promising -career; a deep love, which was reciprocated, for the Duchesse -d'Argaiolo (afterwards Madame Alphonse de Rhetore), restored to -Savarus his energetic and enterprising spirit; he succeeded in being -admitted to the bar of Besancon, built up a good practice, succeeded -brilliantly, founded the "Revue de l'Est," in which he published an -autobiographic novel, "L'Ambitieux par Amour," and met with warm -support in his candidacy for the Chamber of Deputies (1834). Albert -Savarus, with his mask of a deep thinker, might have seen all his -dreams realized, but for the romantic and jealous fancies of Rosalie -de Watteville, who discovered and undid the advocate's plans, by -bringing about the second marriage of Madame d'Argaiolo. His hopes -thus baffled, Albert Savarus became a friar of the parent institution -of the Carthusians, which was situated near Grenoble, and was known as -Brother Albert. [The Quest of the Absolute. Albert Savarus.] - -SCHERBELLOFF, Scherbelloff, or Sherbelloff (Princesse), maternal -grandmother of Madame de Montcornet. [The Peasantry. Jealousies of a -Country Town.] - -SCHILTZ married a Barnheim (of Baden), and had by her a daughter, -Josephine, afterwards Madame Fabien du Ronceret; was an "intrepid -officer, a chief among those bold Alsatian partisans who almost saved -the Emperor in the campaign of France." He died at Metz, despoiled and -ruined. [Beatrix.] - -SCHILTZ (Josephine), otherwise known as Madame Schontz. (See Ronceret, -Madame Fabien du.) - -SCHINNER (Mademoiselle), mother of Hippolyte Schinner, the painter, -and daughter of an Alsatian farmer; being seduced by a coarse but -wealthy man, she refused the money offered as compensation for -refusing to legitimize their liaison, and consoled herself in the joys -of maternity, the duties whereof she fulfilled with the most perfect -devotion. At the time of her son's marriage she was living in Paris, -and shared with him an apartment situated near the artist's studio, -and not far from the Madeleine, on the rue des Champs-Elysees. [The -Purse.] - -SCHINNER (Hippolyte), a painter, natural son of the preceding; of -Alsatian origin, and recognized by his mother only; a pupil of Gros, -in whose studio he formed a close intimacy with Joseph Bridau. [A -Bachelor's Establishment.] He was married during the reign of Louis -XVIII.; he was at that time a knight of the Legion of Honor, and was -already a celebrated character. While working in Paris, near the -Madeleine, in a house belonging to Molineux, he met the other -occupants, Madame and Mademoiselle Leseigneur de Rouville, and seems -to have imitated with respect to them the delicate conduct of their -benefactor and friend, Kergarouet; was touched by the cordiality -extended to him by the baroness in spite of his poverty; he loved -Adelaide de Rouville, and the passion being reciprocated, he married -her. [The Purse.] Being associated with Pierre Grassou, he gave him -excellent advice, which this indifferent artist was scarceley able to -profit by. [Pierre Grassou.] In 1822, the Comte de Serizy employed -Schinner to decorate the chateau of Presles; Joseph Bridau, who was -trying his hand, completed the master's work, and even, in a passing -fit of levity, appropriated his name. [A Start in Life.] Schinner was -mentioned in the autobiographical novel of Albert Savarus, -"L'Ambitieux par Amour." [Albert Savarus.] He was the friend of Xavier -Rabourdin. [The Government Clerks.] He drew vignettes for the works of -Canalis. [Modeste Mignon.] To him we owe the remarkable ceilings of -Adam Laginski's house situated on the rue de la Pepiniere. [The -Imaginary Mistress.] About 1845, Hippolyte Schinner lived not far from -the rue de Berlin, near Leon de Lora, to whom he had been first -instructor. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -SCHINNER (Madame), wife of Hippolyte Schinner, born Adelaide -Leseigneur de Rouville, daughter of the Baron and Baronne de Rouville, -her father being a naval officer; lived during the Restoration in -Paris with her mother, boarding at a house situated on the rue de -Surene and belonging to Molineux. Bereft of her father, the future -Madame Schinner would then have found it difficult to await the slow -adjustment of her father's pension, had not their old friend, Admiral -de Kergarouet, come in his unobtrusive way to the assistance of -herself and her mother. About the same time she nursed their neighbor, -Hippolyte Schinner, who was suffering from the effects of a fall, and -conceived for him a love that was returned; the gift of a little -embroidered purse on the part of the young woman brought about the -marriage. [The Purse.] - -SCHMUCKE (Wilhelm), a German Catholic, and a man of great musical -talent; open-hearted, absent-minded, kind, sincere, of simple manners, -of gentle and upright bearing. Originally he was precentor to the -Margrave of Anspach; he had known Hoffman, the eccentric writer of -Berlin, in whose memory he afterwards had a cat named Murr. Schmucke -then went to Paris; in 1835-36, he lived there in a small apartment on -the Quai Conti, at the corner of the rue de Nevers.[*] Previous to -this, in the Quartier du Marais, he gave lessons in harmony, that were -much appreciated, to the daughters of the Granvilles, afterwards -Mesdames de Vandenesse and du Tillet; at a later period the former -lady asked him to endorse some notes of hand for Raoul Nathan's -benefit. [A Daughter of Eve.] Schmucke was also instructor of Lydie -Peyrade before her marriage with Theodose de la Peyrade. [Scenes from -a Courtesan's Life]; but those whom he regarded as his favorite pupils -were Mesdames de Vandenesse and du Tillet, and the future Vicomtesse -de Portenduere, Mademoiselle Mirouet of Nemours, the three -"Saint-Cecilias" who combined to pay him an annuity. [Ursule Mirouet.] -The former precentor, now of ugly and aged appearance, readily obtained -a welcome with the principals of boarding-schools for young ladies. At a -distribution of prizes he was brought in contact with Sylvain Pons for -whom he immediately felt an affection that proved to be mutual (1834). -Their intimacy brought them under the same roof, rue de Normandie, as -tenants of C.-J. Pillerault (1836). Schmucke lived for nine years in -perfect happiness. Gaudissart, having become manager of a theatre, -employed him in his orchestra, entrusted him with the work of making -copies of the music, and employed him to play the piano and various -instruments that were not used in the boulevard theatres: the viol -d'amore, English horn, violoncello, harp, castanets, bells, saxhorns, -etc. Pons made him his residuary legatee (April, 1845); but the -innocent German was not strong enough to contend with Maitre Fraisier, -agent of the Camusot de Marvilles, who were ignored in this will. In -spite of Topinard, to whom, in despair at the death of his friend, he -went to demand hospitality, in the Bordin district, Schmucke allowed -himself to be swindled, and was soon carried off by apoplexy. [Cousin -Pons.] - -[*] Perhaps the former lodging place of Napoleon Bonaparte. - -SCHONTZ (Madame), name borne by Mademoiselle Schiltz, afterwards -Madame Fabien du Ronceret. (See this last name.) - -SCHWAB (Wilhelm), born at Strasbourg in the early part of the -nineteenth century, of the German family of Kehl, had Frederic (Fritz) -Brunner as his friend, whose follies he shared, whose poverty he -relieved, and with whom he went to Paris; there they went to the Hotel -du Rhin, rue du Mail, kept by Johann Graff, father of Emilie, and -brother of the famous tailor, Wolfgang Graff. Schwab kept books for -this rival of Humann and Staub. Several years later he played the -flute at the theatre at which Sylvain Pons directed the orchestra. -During an intermission at the first brilliant performance of "La -Fiancee du Diable," presented in the fall of 1844, Schwab invited Pons -through Schmucke to his approaching wedding; he married Mademoiselle -Emilie Graff--a love-match--and joined in business with Frederic -Brunner, who was a banker and enriched by the inheritance of his -father's property. [Cousin Pons.] - -SCHWAB (Madame Wilhelm), wife of the preceding; born Mademoiselle -Emilie Graff; an accomplished beauty, niece of Wolfgang Graff, the -wealthy tailor, who provided her with dowry. [Cousin Pons.] - -SCIO (Madame), a prominent singer of the Theatre Feydeau in 1798, was -very beautiful in "Les Peruviens," a comic opera by Mongenod, produced -with very indifferent success. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -SCOEVOLA (Mucius). Under this assumed name was concealed, during the -Terror, a man who had been huntsman to the Prince de Conti, to whom he -owed his fortune. A plasterer, and proprietor of a small house in -Paris, on about the highest point of the Faubourg Saint-Martin,[*] -near the rue d'Allemagne, he affected an exaggerated civism, which -masked an unfailing fidelity to the Bourbons, and he in some -mysterious way afforded protection to Sisters Marthe and Agathe -(Mesdemoiselles de Beauseant and de Langeais), nuns who had escaped -from the Abbey of Chelles, and were, with Abbe de Marolles, taking -refuge under his roof. [An Episode under the Terror.] - -[*] His parish was the Saint-Laurent church, which for a while during - the Revolution had the name of Temple of Fidelity. - -SECHARD (Jerome-Nicolas), born in 1743. After having been a workman in -a printer's shop of Angouleme situated on the Place du Murier, though -very illiterate, he became its owner at the beginning of the -Revolution; was acquainted at that time with the Marquis de Maucombe, -married a woman that was provided with a certain competency, but soon -lost her, after having by her a son, David. In the reign of Louis -XVIII., fearing the competition of Cointet, J.-N. Sechard retired from -active life, selling his business to his son, whom he intentionally -deceived in the trade, and moved to Marsac, near Angouleme, where he -raised grapes, and drank to excess. During all the latter part of his -life, Sechard mercilessly aggravated the commercial difficulties which -his son David was struggling against. The old miser died about 1829, -leaving property of some value. [Lost Illusions.] - -SECHARD (David), only son of the preceding, school-mate and friend of -Lucien de Rubempre, learned the art of printing from the Didots of -Paris. On one occasion, upon his return to his native soil, he gave -many evidences of his kindness and delicacy; having purchased his -father's printing shop, he allowed himself to be deliberately cheated -and duped by him; employed as proof-reader Lucien de Rubempre, whose -sister, Eve Chardon, he adored with a passion that was fully -reciprocated; he married her in spite of the poverty of both parties, -for his business was on the decline. The expense involved, the -competition of the Cointets, and especially his experiments as -inventor in the hope of finding the secret of a particular way of -making paper, reduced him to very straitened circumstances. Indeed, -everything combined to destroy Sechard; the cunning and power of the -Cointet house, the spying of the ungrateful Cerizet, formerly his -apprentice, the disorderly life of Lucien de Rubempre, and the jealous -greed of his father. A victim of the wiles of Cointet, Sechard -abandoned his discovery, resigned himself to his fate, inherited from -his father, and cheered by the devotion of the Kolbs, dwelt in Marsac, -where Derville, led by Corentin, hunted him out with a view to gaining -information as to the origin of Lucien de Rubempre's million. [Lost -Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] - -SECHARD (Madame David), wife of the preceding, born Eve Chardon in -1804, daughter of a druggist of L'Houmeau (a suburb of Angouleme), and -a member of the house of Rubempre; worked first at the house of Madame -Prieur, a laundress, for the consideration of fifteen sous a day; -manifested great devotion to her brother Lucien, and on marrying David -Sechard, in 1821, transferred her devotion to him; having undertaken -to manage the printing shop, she competed with Cerizet, Cointet, and -Petit-Claud, and almost succeeded in softening Jerome-Nicolas Sechard. -Madame Sechard shared with her husband the inheritance of old J.-N. -Sechard, and was then the modest chatelaine of La Verberie, at Marsac. -By her husband she had at least one child, named Lucien. Madame -Sechard was tall and of dark complexion, with blue eyes. [Lost -Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] - -SECHARD (Lucien), son of the preceding couple. [Lost Illusions.] - -SEGAUD, solicitor at Angouleme, was successor to Petit-Claud, a -magistrate about 1824. [Lost Illusions.] - -SELERIER, called the Auvergnat, Pere Ralleau, Le Rouleur, and -especially Fil-de Soie, belonged to the aristocracy of the galleys, -and was a member of the group of "Ten Thousand," whose chief was -Jacques Collin; the latter, however, suspected him of having sold him -to the police, about 1819, when Bibi-Lupin arrested him at the Vauquer -boarding-house. [Father Goriot.] In his business Selerier always -avoided bloodshed. He was of philosophical turn, very selfish, -incapable of love, and ignorant of the meaning of friendship. In May, -1830, when being a prisoner at the Conciergerie, and about to be -condemned to fifteen years of forced labor, he saw and recognized -Jacques Collin, the pseudo-Carlos Herrera, himself incriminated. -[Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -SENONCHES (Jacques de), a noble of Angouleme, a great huntsman, stiff -and haughty, a sort of wild boar; lived on very good terms with his -wife's lover, Francois du Hautoy, and attended Madame de Bargeton's -receptions. [Lost Illusions.] - -SENONCHES (Madame Jacques de), wife of the preceding, bore the given -name of Zephirine, which was abbreviated to Zizine. By Francois du -Hautoy, her adored lover, she had a daughter, Francoise de la Haye, -who was presented as her ward, and who became Madame Petit-Claud. -[Lost Illusions.] - -SEPHERD (Carl), name assumed by Charles Grandet in the Indies, the -United States, Africa, etc., while he was in the slave-trading -business. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -SERIZY, or Serisy (Comte Hugret de), born in 1765, descended in direct -line from the famous President Hugret, ennobled under Francois I. The -motto of this family was "I, semper melius eris," so that the final -_s_ of _melius_, the word _eris_, and the _I_ of the beginning, -represented the name (Serizy) of the estate that had been made a -county. A son of a first president of Parliament (who died in 1794), -Serizy was himself, as early as 1787, a member of the Grand Council; -he did not emigrate during the Revolution, but remained in his estate -of Serizy, near Arpajon; became a member of the Council of Five -Hundred, and afterwards of the Council of State. The Empire made him a -count and a senator. Hugret de Serizy was married, in 1806, to -Leontine de Ronquerolles, the widow of General Gaubert. This union -made him the brother-in-law of the Marquis de Ronquerolles, and the -Marquis du Rouvre. Every honor was alloted to him in course; -chamberlain under the Empire, he afterwards became vice-president of -the Council of State, peer of France, Grand Cross of the Legion of -Honor, and member of the Privy Council. The glorious career of Serizy, -who was an unusually industrious person, did not offer compensation -for his domestic misfortunes. Hard work and protracted vigils soon -aged the high functionary, who was ever unable to win his wife's -heart; but he loved her and sheltered her none the less constantly. It -was chiefly to avenge her for the indiscretion of the volatile young -Oscar Husson, Moreau's godson, that he discharged the not overhonest -steward of Presles. [A Start in Life.] The system of government that -succeeded the Empire increased Serizy's influence and renown; he was -an intimate friend of the Bauvans and the Grandvilles. [A Bachelor's -Establishment. Honorine. Modeste Mignon.] His weakness in matters -concerning his wife was such that he assisted her in person, when, in -May, 1830, she hastened to the Conciergerie in the hope of saving her -lover, Lucien de Rubempre, and entered the cell where the young man -had just committed suicide. Serizy even consented to be executor of -the poet's will. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -SERIZY (Comtesse de), wife of the preceding, born Leontine de -Ronquerolles about 1784, sister of the Marquis du Ronquerolles; -married, as her first husband, General Gaubert, one of the most -illustrious soldiers of the Republic; married a second time, when -quite young, but could never entertain any feeling stronger than -respect for M. de Serizy, her second husband, by whom, however, she -had a son, an officer, who was killed during the reign of Louis -Philippe. [A Start in Life.] Worldly and brilliant, and a worthy rival -of Mesdames de Beauseant, de Langeais, de Maufrigneuse, de Carigliano, -and d'Espard, Leontine de Serizy had several lovers, among them being -Auguste de Maulincour, Victor d'Aiglemont and Lucien de Rubempre. [The -Thirteen. Ursule Mirouet. A Woman of Thirty.] This last liaison was a -very stormy one. Lucien acquired considerable influence over Madame de -Serizy, and made use of it to reach the Marquise d'Espard, by -effecting an annulment of the decree which she had obtained against -her husband, the Marquis d'Espard, placing him under guardianship. And -so it was that, during Rubempre's imprisonment and after his suicide, -she suffered the bitterest anguish. Leontine de Serizy almost broke -the bars of the Conciergerie, insulted Camusot, the examining -magistrate, and seemed to be beside herself. The intervention of -Jacques Collin saved her and cured her, when three famous physicians, -Messieurs Bianchon, Desplein, and Sinard declared themselves powerless -to relieve her. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] During the winter -the Comtesse de Serizy lived on the Chaussee-d'Antin; during the -summer at Serizy, her favorite residence, or still more at Presles, -and sometimes near Nemours in Le Rouvre, the seat of the family of -that name. Being a neighbor, in Paris, of Felicite des Touches, she -was a frequent visitor of that emulator of George Sand, and was at her -house when Marsay related the story of his first love-affair, taking -part herself in the conversation. [Another Study of Woman.] Being a -maternal aunt of Clementine du Rouvre, Madame de Serizy gave her a -handsome dowry when she married Laginski; with her brother -Ronquerolles, at his home on the rue de la Pepiniere, she met Thaddee -Paz, the Pole's comrade. [The Imaginary Mistress.] - -SERIZY (Vicomte de), only son of the preceding couple, graduated from -the Ecole Polytechnique in 1825, and entered the cavalry regiment of -the Garde Royale, by favor, as sub-lieutenant, under command of the -Duc de Maufrigneuse; at this time Oscar Husson, nephew of Cardot, -entered the same regiment as a private. [A Start in Life.] In October, -1829, Serizy, being an officer in the company of the guards stationed -at Havre, was instructed to inform M. de Verneuil, proprietor of some -well-stocked Norman "preserves," that Madame could not participate in -the chase that he had organized. Having become enamored of Diane de -Maufrigneuse, the viscount found her at Verneuil's house; she received -his attentions, as a means of avenging herself on Leontine de Serizy, -then mistress of Lucien de Rubempre. [Modeste Mignon.] Being advanced -to the rank of lieutenant-colonel of a cavalry regiment, he was -severely wounded at the disastrous battle of Macta, in Africa (June -26, 1835), and died at Toulon as a result of his wounds. [The -Imaginary Mistress. A Start in Life.] - -SERVAIS, the only good gilder in Paris, according to Elie Magus, whose -advice he heeded; he had the good sense to use English gold, which is -far better than the French. Like the book-binder, Thouvenin, he was in -love with his own work. [Cousin Pons.] - -SERVIEN (Prudence), born, in 1806, at Valenciennes, daughter of very -poor weavers, was employed, from the age of seven years, in a -spinning-mill; corrupted early by her life in the work-room, she was a -mother at the age of thirteen; having had to testify in the Court of -Assizes against Jean-Francois Durut, she made of him a formidable -enemy, and fell into the power of Jacques Collin, who promised to -shelter her from the resentment of the convict. She was at one time a -ballet-girl, and afterwards served as Esther van Gobseck's -chamber-maid, under the names of Eugenie and Europe; was the mistress -of Paccard, whom she very probably married afterwards; aided Vautrin -in fooling Nucingen and getting money from him. [Scenes from a -Courtesan's Life.] - -SERVIN, born about 1775, a distinguished painter, made a love-match -with the daughter of a penniless general; in 1815 was manager of a -studio in Paris, which was frequented by Mademoiselle Laure, and -Mesdemoiselles Mathilde-Melanie Roguin, Amelie Thirion and Ginevra di -Piombo, the last three of whom were afterwards, respectively, Mesdames -Tiphaine, Camusot de Marville, and Porta. Servin at that time was -concealing an exile who was sought by the police, namely Luigi Porta, -who married the master's favorite pupil, Mademoiselle Ginevra di -Piombo. [The Vendetta.] - -SERVIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, remembering that the romance -of Porta and Ginevra's love had been the cause of all his pupils' -leaving her husband's studio, refused to shelter Mademoiselle de -Piombo when driven from her father's home. [The Vendetta.] - -SEVERAC (De), born in 1764, a country gentleman, mayor of a village in -the canton of Angouleme, and the author of an article on silkworms, -was received at Madame de Bargeton's in 1821. A widower, without -children, and doubtless very rich, but not knowing the ways of the -world, one evening on the rue du Minage, he found as ready listeners -only the poor but aristocratic Madame du Brossard and her daughter -Camille, a young woman of twenty-seven years. [Lost Illusions.] - -SIBILET, clerk of the court at Ville-aux-Fayes (Bourgogne), distant -cousin of Francois Gaubertin, married a Mademoiselle Gaubertin-Vallat, -and had by that marriage six children. [The Peasantry.] - -SIBILET (Adolphe), eldest of the six children of the preceding, born -about 1793; was, at first, clerk to a notary, then an unimportant -employe in the land-registry office; and then, in the latter part of -the year 1817, succeeded his cousin, Francois Gaubertin, in the -administration of Aigues, General de Montcornet's estate, in -Bourgogne. Sibilet had married Mademoiselle Adeline Sarcus (of the -poor branch), who bore him two children in three years; his selfish -interest and his personal obligations led him to gratify the -ill-feeling of his predecessor, by being disloyal to Montcornet. [The -Peasantry.] - -SIBILET (Madame Adolphe), wife of the preceding, born Adeline Sarcus, -only daughter of a justice of the peace, rich with beauty as her sole -fortune, she was reared by her mother, in the little village of -Soulanges (Bourgogne), with all possible care. Not having been able to -marry Amaury Lupin (son of Lupin the notary), with whom she was in -love, in despair she allowed herself, three years after her mother's -death, to be married, by her father, to the disagreeable and repulsive -Adolphe Sibilet. [The Peasantry.] - -SIBILET, son of the court clerk, and police commissioner at Ville-aux -Fayes. [The Peasantry.] - -SIBILET (Mademoiselle), daughter of the court clerk, afterwards Madame -Herve. [The Peasantry.] - -SIBILET, son of the court clerk, first clerk of Maitre Corbinet, -notary at Ville-aux-Fayes, to whom he was the appointed successor. -[The Peasantry.] - -SIBILET, son of the court clerk, and clerk in the Department of Public -Lands, presumptive successor of the registrar of documents at -Ville-aux-Fayes. [The Peasantry.] - -SIBILET (Mademoiselle), daughter of the court clerk, born about 1807, -postmistress at Ville-aux Fayes; betrothed to Captain Corbinet, -brother of the notary. [The Peasantry.] - -SIBUELLE, a wealthy contractor of somewhat tarnished reputation during -the Directory and the Consulate, gave his daughter in marriage to -Malin de Gondreville, and through the credit of his son-in-law became, -with Marion, co-receiver-general of the department of Aube. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] - -SIBUELLE (Mademoiselle), only daughter of the preceding, became Madame -Malin de Gondreville. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -SEYES (Emmanuel-Joseph), born in 1748 at Frejus, died in Paris in -1836, was successively vicar-general of Chartres, deputy to the -States-General and the Convention, member of the Committee of Public -Safety, member of the Five Hundred, member of the Directory, consul, -and senator; famous also as a publicist. In June, 1800, he might have -been found in the Office of Foreign Relations, in the rue du Bac, -where he took part with Talleyrand and Fouche, in a secret council, in -which the subject of overthrowing Bonaparte, then First Consul, was -discussed. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -SIGNOL (Henriette), a beautiful girl; of a good family of farmers, in -the employ of Basine Clerget, a laundress at Angouleme; was the -mistress of Cerizet, whom she loved and trusted; served as a tool -against David Sechard, the printer. [Lost Illusions.] - -SIMEUSE (Admiral de), father of Jean de Simeuse, was one of the most -eminent French seamen of the eighteenth century. [Beatrix. The -Gondreville Mystery. Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -SIMEUSE (Marquis Jean de), whose name, "Cy meurs" or "Si meurs," was -the motto of the family crest, was descended from a noble family of -Bourgogne, who were formerly owners of a Lorrain fief called Ximeuse, -corrupted to Simeuse. M. de Simeuse counted a number of illustrious -men among his ancestors; he married Berthe de Cinq-Cygne; he was -father of twins, Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul. He was guillotined at -Troyes during the Terror; Michu's father-in-law presided over the -Revolutionary tribunal that passed the death-sentence. [The -Gondreville Mystery.] - -SIMEUSE (Marquise de), wife of the preceding, born Berthe de -Cinq-Cygne, was executed at Troyes at the same time with her husband. -[The Gondreville Mystery.] - -SIMEUSE (Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul), twin sons of the preceding -couple, born in 1773; grandsons on the father's side of the admiral -who was as famous for his dissipation as for his valor; descended from -the original owners of the famous Gondreville estate in Aube, and -belonged to the noble Champagne family of the Chargeboeufs, the -younger branch of which was represented by their mother, Berthe de -Cinq-Cygne. Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul were among the emigrants; they -returned to France about 1803. Both being in love with their cousin, -Laurence de Cinq-Cygne, an ardent Royalist, they cast lots to decide -which should be her husband; fate favored Marie-Paul, the younger, but -circumstances prevented the consummation of the marriage. The twins -differed only in disposition, and there in only one point: Paul-Marie -was melancholy, while Marie-Paul was of a bright disposition. Despite -the advice of their elderly relative, M. de Chargeboeuf, Messieurs de -Simeuse compromised themselves with the Hauteserres; being watched by -Fouche, who sent Peyrade and Corentin to keep an eye on them, they -were accused of the abduction of Malin, of which they were not guilty, -and sentenced to twenty-four years of penal servitude; were pardoned -by Napoleon, entered as sub-lieutenants the same cavalry regiment, and -were killed together in the battle of Sommo-Sierra (near Madrid, -November 30, 1808). [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -SIMONIN let carriages on the rue du Faubourg Saint-Honore, Cour des -Coches, Paris; about 1840, he let a berlin to Madame de Godollo, who, -in accordance with the instructions of Corentin, the police-agent, was -pretending to be taking a journey, but went no further than the Bois -de Boulogne. [The Middle Classes.] - -SIMONNIN, in the reign of Louis XVIII., was "errand-boy" to Maitre -Derville on the rue Vivienne, Paris, when that advocate received -Hyacinthe Chabert. [Colonel Chabert]. - -SINARD, a Paris physician, was called, in May, 1830, together with -Messieurs Desplein and Bianchon, to the bedside of Leontine de Serizy, -who had lost her reason after the tragic end of her lover, Lucien de -Rubempre. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -SINET (Seraphine), a celebrated lorette, born in 1820, known by the -sobriquet of Carabine, was present at Josepha Mirah's house-warming on -the rue de la Ville-l'Eveque, in 1838. Five years later, being then -mistress of the wealthy F. du Tillet, Mademoiselle Sinet supplanted -the vivacious Marguerite Turquet as queen of the lorettes. [Cousin -Betty.] A woman of splendid appearance, Seraphine was one of the -marching chorus at the Opera, and occupied the fine apartment on the -rue Saint-Georges, where before her Suzanne du Val-Noble, Esther van -Gobseck, Florine, and Madame Schontz had reigned. Of ready wit, -dashing manners, and impish brazenness, Carabine held many successful -receptions. Every day her table was set in magnificent style for ten -guests. Artists, men of letters, and society favorites were among her -frequent visitors. S.-P. Gazonal was taken to see her, in 1845, by -Leon de Lora and Bixiou, together with Jenny Cadine of the Theatre du -Gymnase; and there he met Massol, Claude Vignon, Maxime de Trailles, -Nucingen, F. du Bruel, Malaga, Monsieur and Madame Gaillard, and -Vauvinet, with a multitude of others, to say nothing of F. du Tillet. -[The Unconscious Humorists.] - -SINOT, attorney at Arcis-sur-Aube, commanded the patronage of the -"Henriquinquistes" (partisans of Henri V.) in 1839, when the district -had to elect a deputy to replace M. Francois Keller. [The Member for -Arcis.] - -SOCQUARD, during the Empire and the Restoration, kept the Cafe de la -Paix at Soulanges (Bourgogne). The Milo of Crotona of the Avonne -Valley, a stout little man, of placid countenance, and a high, clear -voice. He was manager of the Tivoli, a dancing-hall adjoining the -cafe. Monsieur Vermichel, violin, and Monsieur Fourchon, clarinet, -constituted the orchestra. Plissoud, Bonnebault, Viallet, and Amaury -Lupin were steady patrons of his establishment, which was long famous -for its billiards, its punch, and its mulled wine. In 1823, Socquard -lost his wife. [The Peasantry.] - -SOCQUARD (Madame Junie), wife of the preceding, had many thrilling -love-affairs during the Empire. She was very beautiful, and her -luxurious mode of living, to which the leading men of Soulanges -contributed, was notorious in the Avonne valley. Lupin, the notary, -had been guilty of great weakness in her direction, and Gaubertin, who -took her away from him, unquestionably had by her a natural son, -little Bournier. Junie was the secret of the prosperity of the -Socquard house. She brought her husband a vineyard, the house he lived -in, and the Tivoli. She died in the reign of Louis XVIII. [The -Peasantry.] - -SOCQUARD (Aglae), daughter of the preceding couple, born in 1801, -inherited her father's ridiculous obesity. Being sought in marriage by -Bonnebault, whom her father esteemed highly as a customer, but little -as a son-in-law, she excited the jealousy of Marie Tonsard, and was -always at daggers drawn with her. [The Peasantry.] - -SODERINI (Prince), father of Madame d'Argaiolo, who was afterwards the -Duchesse Alphonse de Rhetore; at Besancon, in 1834, he demanded of -Albert Savarus his daughter's letters and portrait. His sudden arrival -caused a hasty departure on the part of Savarus, then a candidate for -election to the Chamber of Deputies, and ignorant of Madame -d'Argaiolo's approaching second marriage. [Albert Savarus.] - -SOLIS (Abbe de), born about 1733, a Dominican, grand penitentiary of -Toledo, vicar-general of the Archbishopric of Malines; a venerable -priest, unassuming, kindly and large of person. He adopted Emmanuel de -Solis, his brother's son, and, retiring to Douai, under the acceptable -protection of the Casa-Reals, was confessor and adviser of their last -descendant, Madame Balthazar Claes. The Abbe de Solis died in -December, 1818. [The Quest of the Absolute.] - -SOLIS (Emmanuel), nephew and adopted son of the preceding. Poor, and -of a family originally from Granada, he responded well to the -excellent education that he received, followed the teacher's calling, -taught the humanities at the lyceum at Douai, of which he was -afterwards principal, and gave lessons to the brothers of Marguerite -Claes, whom he loved, the feeling being reciprocated. He married her -in 1825; the more fully to enjoy his good fortune, he resigned the -position as inspector of the University, which he then held. Shortly -afterwards he inherited the title of Comte de Nourho, through the -house of Solis. [The Quest of the Absolute.] - -SOLIS (Madame Emmanuel de), wife of the preceding, born Marguerite -Claes, in 1796, elder sister of Madame Felicie Pierquin, whose husband -had first sought her hand, received from her dying mother the -injunction to contend respectfully, but firmly, against her father's -foolish efforts as inventor; and, in compliance with her mother's -injunctions, by dint of great perseverance, succeeded in restoring the -family fortunes that had been more than endangered. Madame de Solis -gave birth to a child, in the course of a trip to Spain, where she was -visiting Casa-Real, the cradle of her mother's family. [The Quest of -the Absolute.] - -SOLONET, born in 1795, obtained the decoration of the Legion of Honor -for having made very active contribution to the second return of the -Bourbons; was the youthful and worldly notary of Bordeaux; in the -drawing up of the marriage contract between Natalie Evangelista and -Paul de Manerville, he triumphed over the objections raised by his -colleague, Mathias, who was defender of the Manerville interests. -Solonet paid the most devoted attentions of a lover to Madame -Evangelista, but his love was not returned, and he sought her hand in -vain. [A Marriage Settlement.] - -SOLVET, a handsome youth, but addicted to gaming and other vices, -loved by Caroline Crochard de Bellefeuille and preferred by her to -Monsieur de Granville, her generous protector. Solvet made -Mademoiselle Crochard very unhappy, ruined her, but was none the less -adored by her. These facts were known to Bianchon, and related by him -to the Comte de Granville, whom he met, one evening, in the reign of -Louis Philippe, near rue Gaillon. [A Second Home.] - -SOMMERVIEUX (Theodore de), a painter, winner of the prix de Rome, -knight of the Legion of Honor, was particularly successful in -interiors; and excelled in chiaro-oscuro effects, in imitation of the -Dutch. He made an excellent reproduction of the interior of the Cat -and Racket, on the rue Saint-Denis, which he exhibited at the Salon at -the same time with a fascinating portrait of his future wife, -Mademoiselle Guillaume, with whom he fell madly in love, and whom he -married in 1808, almost in spite of her parents, and thanks to the -kind offices of Madame Roguin, whom he knew in his society life. The -marriage was not a happy one; the daughter of the Guillaumes adored -Sommervieux without understanding him. The painter often neglected his -rooms on the rue des Trois-Freres (now a part of the rue Taitbout) and -transferred his homage to the Marechale de Carigliano. He had an -income of twelve thousand francs; before the Revolution his father was -called the Chevalier de Sommervieux. [At the Sign of the Cat and -Racket.] Theodore de Sommervieux designed a monstrance for Gohier, the -king's goldsmith; this monstrance was bought by Madame Baudoyer and -given to the church of Saint-Paul, at the time of the death of F. de -la Billardiere, head clerk of the administration, whose position she -desired for her husband. [The Government Clerks.] Sommervieux also -drew vignettes for the works of Canalis. [Modeste Mignon.] - -SOMMERVIEUX (Madame Theodore de), wife of the preceding, born -Augustine Guillaume, about 1792, second daughter of the Guillaumes of -the Cat and Racket (a drapery establishment on the rue Saint-Denis, -Paris), had a sad life that was soon wrecked; for, with the exception -of Madame Roguin, her family never understood her aspirations to a -higher ideal, or the feeling that prompted her to choose Theodore de -Sommervieux. Mademoiselle Guillaume was married about the middle of -the Empire, at her parish church, Saint-Leu, on the same day that her -sister was married to Lebas, the clerk, and immediately after the -ceremony referred to. A little less coarse in her feelings than her -parents and their associates, but insignificant enough at best, -without being aware of it she displeased the painter, and chilled the -enthusiasm of her husband's studio friends, Schinner, Bridau, Bixiou, -and Lora. Grassou, who was very much of a countryman, was the only one -that refrained from laughing at her. Worn out at last, she tried to -win back the heart that had become the possession of Madame de -Carigliano; she even went to consult her rival, but could not use the -weapons supplied her by the coquettish wife of the marshal, and died -of a broken heart shortly after the famous ball given by Cesar -Birotteau, to which she was invited. She was buried in Montmartre -cemetery. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket. Cesar Birotteau.] - -SONET, marble-worker and contractor for tombstones, at Paris, during -the Restoraton and Louis Philippe's reign. When Pons died, the -marble-worker sent his agent to Schmucke to solicit an order for -statues of Art and Friendship grouped together. Sonet had the -draughtsman Vitelot as partner. The firm name was Sonet & Co. [Cousin -Pons.] - -SONET (Madame), wife of the preceding, knew how to lavish attentions -no less zealous than selfish on W. Schmucke, when he returned, -broken-hearted, from Pere-Lachaise, in April, 1845, and suggested to -him, with some modifications however, to take certain allegorical -monuments which the families of Marsay and Keller had formerly refused, -preferring to apply to a genuine artist, the sculptor Stidmann. -[Cousin Pons.] - -SOPHIE, rival, namesake and contemporary of the famous Sophie, Doctor -Veron's "blue ribbon," about 1844, was cook to the Comte Popinot on -the rue Basse-du-Rempart, Paris. She must have been a remarkable -culinary artist, for Sylvain Pons, reduced, in consequence of breaking -with the Camusots, to dining at home, on the rue de Normandie, every -day, often exclaimed in fits of melancholy, "O Sophie!" [Cousin Pons.] - -SORBIER, a Parisian notary, to whom Chesnel (Choisnel) wrote, in 1822, -from Normandie, to commend to his care the rattle-brained Victurnien -d'Esgrignon. Unfortunately Sorbier was dead, and the letter was sent -to his widow. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -SORBIER (Madame), wife of the preceding, mentioned in Chesnel's (or -Choisnel's) letter of 1822, concerning Victurnien d'Esgrignon. She -scarcely read the note, and simply sent it to her deceased husband's -successor, Maitre Cardot. Thus the widow unwittingly served M. du -Bousquier (du Croisier), the enemy of the D'Esgrignons. [Jealousies of -a Country Town.] - -SORIA (Don Ferdinand, Duc de), younger brother of Don Felipe de -Macumer, overwhelmed with kindness by his elder brother, owing him the -duchy of Soria as well as the hand of Marie Heredia, both being -voluntarily renounced by the elder brother. Soria was not ungrateful; -he hastened to his dying brother's bedside in 1829. The latter's death -made Don Ferdinand Baron de Macumer. [Letters of Two Brides.] - -SORIA (Duchesse de), wife of the preceding, born Marie Heredia, -daughter of the wealthy Comte Heredia, was loved by two brothers, Don -Ferdinand, Duc de Soria, and Don Felipe de Macumer. Though betrothed -to the latter, she married the former, in accordance with her wishes, -the Baron de Macumer having generously renounced her hand in favor of -Don Ferdinand. The duchess retained a feeling of deep gratitude to him -for his unselfishness, and at a later time bestowed every care on him -in his last illness (1829). [Letters of Two Brides.] - -SORMANO, the "shy" servant of the Argaiolos, at the time of their -exile in Switzerland, figures, as a woman, under the name of Gina, in -the autobiographical novel of Albert Savarus, entitled "L'Ambitieux -par l'Amour." [Albert Savarus.] - -SOUCHET, a broker at Paris, whose failure ruined Guillaume Grandet, -brother of the well-known cooper of Saumur. [Eugenie Grandet.] - -SOUCHET (Francois), winner of the prix de Rome for his sculpture, -about the beginning of Louis XVIII.'s reign; an intimate friend of -Hippolyte Schinner, who confided to him his love for Adelaide -Leseigneur de Rouville, and was rallied on it by him. [The Purse.] -About 1835, with Steinbock's assistance, Souchet carved the panels -over the doors and mantels of Laginski's magnificent house on the rue -de la Pepiniere, Paris. [The Imaginary Mistress.] He had given to -Florine (afterwards Madame Raoul Nathan) a plaster cast of a group -representing an angel holding an aspersorium, which adorned the -actress's sumptuous apartments in 1834. [A Daughter of Eve.] - -SOUDRY, born in 1773, a quartermaster, secured a valuable friend in M. -de Soulanges, then adjutant-general, by saving him at the peril of his -own life. Having become brigadier of gendarmes at Soulanges -(Bourgogne), Soudry, in 1815, married Mademoiselle Cochet, Sophie -Laguerre's former lady's-maid. Six years later, he was put on the -retired list, at the request of Montcornet, and replaced in his -brigade by Viallet; but, supported by the influence of Francois -Gaubertin, he was elected mayor of Soulanges, and became the -formidable enemy of the Montcornets. Like Gregoire Rigou, his son's -father-in-law, the old gendarme kept as his mistress, under the same -roof with his wife, his servant Jeannette, who was younger than Madame -Soudry. [The Peasantry.] - -SOUDRY (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Cochet in 1763. -Lady's-maid to Sophie Laguerre, Montcornet's predecessor at Aigues, -she had an understanding with Francois Gaubertin, the steward of the -estate, to make a victim of the former opera singer. Twenty days -after the burial of her mistress, La Cochet married the brigadier, -Soudry, a superb specimen of manhood, though pitted with small-pox. -During the reign of Louis XVIII., Madame Soudry, who tried awkwardly -enough to imitate her late mistress, Sophie Laguerre, reigned supreme -in the society of Soulanges, in her parlor which was the meeting -ground of Montcornet's enemies. [The Peasantry.] - -SOUDRY, natural son of Soudry, the brigadier of gendarmes; legitimized -at the time of his father's marriage to Mademoiselle Cochet, in 1815. -On the day on which Soudry became legally possessed of a mother, he -had just finished his course at Paris. There he knew Gaubertin's son, -during a stay which he had at first intended to make long enough to -entitle him to be registered as an advocate, and eventually to enter -the legal profession; but he returned to Bourgogne to take charge of -an attorney's practice for which his father paid thirty thousand -francs. However, abandoning pettifoggery, Soudry soon found himself -deputy king's attorney in a department of Bourgogne, and, in 1817, -king's attorney under Attorney-General Bourlac, whom he replaced in -1821, thanks to the influence of Francois Gaubertin. He then married -Mademoiselle Rigou. [The Peasantry.] - -SOUDRY (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Arsene Rigou, the only -daughter of wealthy parents, Gregoire Rigou and Arsene Pichard; -resembled her father in cunningness of character, and her mother in -beauty. [The Peasantry.] - -SOULANGES (Comte Leon de), born in 1777, was colonel of the artillery -guard in 1809. In the month of November of that year, he found himself -the guest of the Malin de Gondrevilles, in their mansion in Paris, on -the evening of a great party; he met there Montcornet, a friend of his -in the regiment; Madame de Vaudremont, who had once been his mistress, -accompanied by the Martial de la Roche-Hugon, her new lover; and -finally his deserted wife, Madame de Soulanges, who had abandoned -society, but who had come to the senator's house at the instigation of -Madame de Lansac, with a view to a reconciliation, which was -successfully carried out. [Domestic Peace.] Leon de Soulanges had -several children as a result of his marriage; a son and some -daughters; having refused one of his daughters in marriage to -Montcornet, on the ground that she was too young, he made an enemy of -that general. The count, remaining faithful to the Bourbons during the -Hundred Days, was made a peer of France and a general in the artillery -corps. Enjoying the favor of the Duc d'Angouleme, he was allowed a -command during the Spanish war (1823), gained prominence at the seige -of Cadiz and attained the highest degrees in the military hierarchy. -Monsieur de Soulanges, who was very rich, owned, in the territory of -the commune of Blangy (Bourgogne), a forest and a chateau adjoining -the Aigues estate, which had itself once belonged to the house of -Soulanges. At the time of the Crusades, an ancestor of the count had -created this domain. Soulanges's motto was: "Je soule agir." Like M. -de Ronquerolles he got on badly enough with his neighbor Montcornet -and seemed to favor Francois Gaubertin, Gregoire Rigou and Soudry, in -their opposition to the future marshal. [The Peasantry.] - -SOULANGES (Comtesse Hortense de), wife of the preceding, and niece of -the Duchesses de Lansac and de Marigny. In November, 1809, at a ball -given by Malin de Gondreville, acting on the advice of Madame de -Lansac, the countess, then on bad terms with her husband, conquered -her proud timidity, and demanded of Martial de la Roche-Hugon a ring -that she had received originally from her husband; M. de Soulanges had -afterwards passed it on to his mistress, Madame de Vaudremont, who had -given it to her lover, M. de la Roche-Hugon; this restitution effected -the reconciliation of the couple. [Domestic Peace.] Hortense de -Soulanges inherited from Madame de Marigny (who died about 1820) the -Guebriant estate, with its encumbrance of an annuity. [The Thirteen.] -Madame de Soulanges followed her husband to Spain at the time of the -war of 1823. [The Peasantry.] - -SOULANGES (Amelie de), youngest daughter of the preceding couple, -would have married the Comte Philippe de Brambourg, in 1828, but for -the condemning revelations made by Bixiou concerning Joseph Bridau's -brother. [A Bachelor's Establishment.] - -SOULANGES (Vicomte de), probably a brother of the preceding, was, in -1836, commander of a squad of hussars at Fountainebleau; then, in -company with Maxime de Trailles, he was going to be second to Savinien -de Portenduere in a duel with Desire Minoret, but the duel was -prevented by the unforeseen death of the latter; the underlying cause -was the disgraceful conduct of the Minoret-Levraults towards Ursule -Mirouet, future Vicomtesse de Portenduere. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -SOULAS (Amedee-Sylvain-Jacques de), born in 1809, a gentleman of -Besancon, of Spanish origin (the name was written Souleyas, when -Franche-Comte belonged to Spain), succeeded in shining brightly in the -capital of Doubs on an income of four thousand francs, which allowed -him to employ the services of "Babylas, the tiger." Such discrepancy -between his means and his manner of living may well convey an idea of -this fellow's character, seeing that he sought in vain the hand of -Rosalie de Watteville, but married, in the month of August, 1837, -Madame de Watteville, her widowed mother. [Albert Savarus.] - -SOULAS (Madame Amedee de), born Clotilde-Louise de Rupt in 1798, stern -in features and in character, a blonde of the extreme type, was -married, in 1815, to the Baron de Watteville, whom she managed with -little difficulty. She did not find it so easy, however, to govern her -daughter, Rosalie, whom she vainly tried to force to marry M. de -Soulas. The pressure, at Besancon, of Albert Savarus, who was secretly -loved by Mademoiselle de Watteville, gave a political significance to -the salon of Rosalie's parents during the reign of Louis Philippe. -Tired of her daughter's obstinacy, Madame de Watteville, now a widow, -herself married M. de Soulas; she lived in Paris, in the winter at -least, and knew how to be mistress of her house there, as she always -had been elsewhere. [Albert Savarus.] - -SPARCHMANN, hospital surgeon at Heilsberg, attended Colonel Chabert -after the battle of Eylau. [Colonel Chabert.] - -SPENCER (Lord), about 1830, at Balthazar Claes's sale, bought some -magnificent wainscoting that had been carved by Van Huysum, as well as -the portrait of President Van Claes, a Fleming of the sixteenth -century,--family treasures which the father of Mesdames de Solis and -Pierquin was obliged to give up. [The Quest of the Absolute.] - -SPIEGHALTER, a German mechanician, who lived in Paris on the rue de la -Sante, in the early part of Louis Philippe's reign, made unsuccessful -efforts, with the aid of pressure, hammering and rolling, to stretch -the anomalous piece of shagreen submitted to him by Raphael de -Valentin, at the suggestion of Planchette, professor of mechanics. -[The Magic Skin.] - -SPONDE (Abbe de), born about 1746, was grand vicar of the bishopric of -Seez. Maternal uncle, guardian, guest, and boarder of Madame du -Bousquier--_nee_ Cormon--of Alencon; he died in 1819, almost blind, -and strangely depressed by his niece's recent marriage. Entirely -removed from worldly interests, he led an ascetic life, and an -uneventful one, entirely consumed in thoughts of salvation, -mortifications of the flesh, and secret works of charity. [Jealousies -of a Country Town.] - -STAEL-HOLSTEIN (Anne-Louise-Germaine Necker, Baronne de), daughter of -the famous Necker of Geneva, born in Paris in 1766; became the wife of -the Swiss minister to France; author of "l'Allemagne," of "Corinne," -and of "Delphine"; noted for her struggle against Napoleon Bonaparte; -mother-in-law of the Duc Victor de Broglie and grandmother of the -generation of the Broglies of the present day; died in the year 1817. -At various times she lived in the Vendomois in temporary exile. During -one of her first stays in the Loire, she was greeted with the singular -formula of admiration, "Fameuse garce!" [The Chouans.] At a later -period, Madame de Stael came upon Louis Lambert, then a ragged urchin, -absorbed in reading a translation of Swedenborg's "Heaven and Hell." -She was struck with him, and had him educated at the college of -Vendome, where he had the future minister, Jules Dufaure, as his boon -companion; but she forgot her protege, who was ruined rather than -benefited by this passing interest. [Louis Lambert.] About 1823 Louise -de Chaulieu (Madame Marie Gaston) believed that Madame de Stael was -still alive, though she died in 1817. [Letters of Two Brides.] - -STANHOPE (Lady Esther), niece of Pitt, met Lamartine in Syria, who -described her in his "Voyage en Orient"; had sent Lady Dudley an -Arabian horse, that the latter gave to Felix de Vandenesse in exchange -for a Rembrandt. [The Lily of the Valley.] Madame de Bargeton, growing -weary of Angouleme in the first years of the Restoration, was envious -of this "blue-stocking of the desert." Lady Esther's father, Earl -Charles Stanhope, Viscount Mahon, a peer of England, and a -distinguished scholar, invented a printing press, known to fame as the -Stanhope press, of which the miserly and mechanical Jerome-Nicholas -Sechard expressed a contemptuous opinion to his son. [Lost Illusions.] - -STAUB, a German, and a Parisian tailor of reputation; in 1821, made -for Lucien de Rubempre, presumably on credit, some garments that he -went in person to try on the poet at the Hotel du Gaillard-Bois, on -the rue de l'Echelle. Shortly afterwards, he again favored Lucien, who -was brought to his establishment by Coralie. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] - -STEIBELT, a famous musician, during the Empire was the instructor of -Felicite des Touches at Nantes. [Beatrix.] - -STEINBOCK (Count Wenceslas), born at Prelie (Livonia) in 1809; -great-nephew of one of Charles XII.'s generals. An exile from his youth, -he went to Paris to live, and, from inclination as much as on account of -his poverty, he became a carver and sculptor. As assistant to Francois -Souchet, a fellow-countryman of Laginski's, Wenceslas Steinbock worked -on the decorations of the Pole's mansion, on the rue de la Pepiniere. -[The Imaginary Mistress.] Living amid squalor on the rue du Doyenne, -he was saved from suicide by his spinster neighbor, Lisbeth Fischer, -who restored his courage and determination, and aided him with her -resources. Wenceslas Steinbock then worked and succeeded. A chance -that brought one of his works to the notice of the Hulot d'Ervys -brought him into connection with these people; he fell in love with -their daughter, and, the love being returned, he married her. Orders -then came in quick succession to Wenceslas, living, as he did, on the -rue Saint-Dominique-Saint-Germain, near the Esplanade des Invalides, -not far from the marble stores, where the government had allowed him a -studio. His services were secured for the work of a monument to be -erected to the Marechal de Montcornet. But Lisbeth Fischer's -vindictive hatred, as well as his own weakness of character, caused -him to fall beneath the fatal dominion of Valerie Marneffe, whose -lover he became; with Stidmann, Vignon, and Massol, he witnessed that -woman's second marriage. Steinbock returned to the conjugal domicile -on the rue Louis-le-Grand, towards the latter part of Louis Philippe's -reign. An exhausted artist, he confined himself to the barren role of -critic; idle reverie replaced power of conception. [Cousin Betty.] - -STEINBOCK (Countess Wenceslas), wife of the preceding; born Hortense -Hulot d'Ervy in 1817; daughter of Hector Hulot d'Ervy and Adeline -Fischer; younger sister of Victorin Hulot. Beautiful, and occupying a -brilliant position in society through her parents, but lacking dowry, -she made choice of husband for herself. Endowed with enduring pride of -spirit, Madame Steinbock could with difficulty excuse Wenceslas for -being unfaithful, and pardoned his disloyalty only after a long while. -Her trials ended with the last years of Louis Philippe's reign. The -wisdom and foresight of her brother Victorin, coupled with the results -of the wills of the Marechal Hulot, Lisbeth Fischer, and Valerie -Crevel, at last brought wealth to the countess's household, who lived -successively on the rue Saint-Dominique-Saint-Germain, the rue Plumet, -and the rue Louis-le-Grand. [Cousin Betty.] - -STEINBOCK (Wenceslas), only son of the preceding couple, born when his -parents were living together, stayed with his mother after their -separation. [Cousin Betty.] - -STEINGEL, an Alsatian, natural son of General Steingel, who fell at -the beginning of the Italian campaigns during the Republic; was, in -Bourgogne, about 1823, under head-keeper Michaud, one of the three -keepers of Montcornet's estates. [The Gondreville Mystery. The -Peasantry.] - -STEVENS (Miss Dinah), born in 1791, daughter of an English brewer, -ugly enough, saving, and puritanical, had an income of two hundred and -forty thousand francs and expectations of as much more at her father's -death; the Marquise de Vordac, who met her at some watering-place in -1827, spoke of her to her son Marsay, as a very fine match, and Marsay -pretended that he was to marry the heiress; which he probably did, for -he left a widow that erected to him, at Pere-Lachaise, a superb -monument, the work of Stidmann. [A Marriage Settlement. Cousin Pons.] - -STIDMANN, a celebrated carver and sculptor of Paris at the times of -the Restoration and Louis Philippe; Wenceslas Steinbock's teacher; he -carved, for the consideration of seven thousand francs, a -representation of a fox-chase on the ruby-set gold handle of a riding -whip that Ernest de la Briere gave to Modeste Mignon. [Modeste -Mignon.] At the request of Fabien de Ronceret, Stidmann undertook to -decorate an apartment for him on the rue Blanche [Beatrix.], he made -the originals of a chimney-piece for the Hulot d'Ervys; was among the -guests invited by Mademoiselle Brisetout at her little house-warming -on the rue Chauchat (1838); the same year he was present at the -celebration of Wenceslas Steinbock's marriage with Hortense Hulot; -knew Dorlange-Sallenauve; with Vignon, Steinbock and Massol, he was a -witness of Valerie Marneffe's second marriage to Celestin Crevel; -entertained a secret love for Madame Steinbock when she was neglected -by her husband [The Member for Arcis. Cousin Betty.]; executed the -work of Charles Keller's and Marsay's monuments. [Cousin Pons.] In -1845 Stidmann entered the Institute. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -STOPFER (Monsieur and Madame), formerly coopers at Neuchatel, in 1823; -were proprietors of an inn at Gersau (canton of Lucerne), near the -lake, to which Rodolphe came. The same village sheltered the -Gandolphinis, disguised under the name of Lovelace. [Albert Savarus.] - -SUCY (General Baron Philippe de), born in 1789, served under the -Empire; on one occasion, at the crossing of the Beresina, he tried to -assure the safety of his mistress, Stephanie de Vandieres, a general's -wife, of whom he afterwards lost all trace. Seven years later, -however, being a colonel and an officer in the Legion of Honor, while -hunting with his friend, the Marquis d'Albon, near the Isle-Adam, Sucy -found Madame de Vandieres insane, under the charge of the alienist -Fanjat, and he undertook to restore her reason. With this end in view, -he arranged an exact reproduction of the parting scenes of 1812, on an -estate of his at Saint-Germain. The mad-woman recognized him indeed, -but she died immediately. Having gained the promotion of general, Sucy -committed suicide, the prey of incurable despair. [Farewell.] - -SUZANNE, real given name of Madame Theodore Gaillard. - -SUZANNET was, with the Abbe Vernal, the Comte de Fontaine, and M. de -Chatillon, one of the four Vendean chiefs at the time of the uprising -in the West in 1799. [The Chouans.] - -SUZETTE, during the first years of Louis XVIII.'s reign, was -lady's-maid to Antoinette de Langeais, in Paris, about the time that -the duchess was receiving attentions from Montriveau. [The Thirteen.] - -SUZON was for a long time valet de chambre for Maxime de Trailles. [A -Man of Business. The Member for Arcis.] - -SYLVIE, cook for Madame Vauquer, the widow, on the rue -Neuve-Saint-Genevieve, during the years 1819 and 1820, at the time -when Jean-Joachim Goriot, Eugene de Rastignac, Jacques Collin, -Horace Bianchon, the Poirets, Madame Couture, and Victorine Taillefer -boarded there. [Father Goriot.] - - - - T - -TABAREAU, bailiff of the justice of the peace in the eighth ward of -Paris in 1844-1845. He was on good terms with Fraisier, the business -agent. Madame Cibot, door-keeper, on the rue de Normandie, retained -Tabareau to make a demand for her upon Schmucke for the payment of -three thousand one hundred and ninety-two francs, due her from the -German musician and Pons, for board, lodging, taxes, etc. [Cousin -Pons.] - -TABAREAU (Mademoiselle), only child of Tabareau, the bailiff; a large, -red-haired consumptive; was heir, through her mother, of a house on -the Place Royale; a fact which made her hand sought by Fraisier, the -business agent. [Cousin Pons.] - -TABOUREAU, formerly a day-laborer, and afterwards, during the -Restoration, a grain-dealer and money-lender in the commune of Isere, -of which Doctor Benassis was mayor. He was a thin man, very wrinkled, -bent almost double, with thin lips, and a hooked chin that almost made -connection with his nose, little gray eyes spotted with black, and as -sly as a horse-trader. [The Country Doctor.] - -TAILLEFER (Jean-Frederic), born about 1779 at Beauvais; by means of a -crime, in 1799, he laid the foundations of his fortune, which was -considerable. In an inn near Andernach, Rhenish Prussia, Jean-Frederic -Taillefer, then a surgeon in the army, killed and robbed, one night, a -rich native tradesman, Monsieur Walhenfer, by name; however, he was -never incommoded by this murder; for accusing appearances pointed to -his friend, colleague and fellow-countryman, Prosper Magnan, who was -executed. Returning to Paris, J.-F. Taillefer was from that time forth -a wealthy and honored personage. He was captain of the first company -of grenadiers of the National Guard, and an influencial banker; -received much attention during the funeral obsequies of J.-B. -d'Aldrigger; made successful speculations in Nucingen's third venture. -He was married twice, and was brutal in his treatment of his first -wife (a relative of Madame Couture) who bore him two children, -Frederic-Michel and Victorine. He was owner of a magnificent mansion -on the rue Joubert. In Louis Philippe's reign he entertained in this -mansion with one of the most brilliant affairs ever known, according -to the account of the guests present, among whom were Blondet, -Rastignac, Valentin, Cardot, Aquilina de la Garde, and Euphrasie. M. -Taillefer suffered, nevertheless, morally and physically; in the first -place because of the crime that he had previously committed, for -remorse for this deed came over him every fall, that being the time of -its perpetration; in the second place, because of gout in the head, -according to Doctor Brousson's diagnosis. Though well cared for by his -second wife, and by his daughter of the first wife, Jean-Frederic died -some time after a sumptuous feast given at his house. An evening -passed in the salon of a banker, father of Mademoiselle Fanny, -hastened Taillefer's end; for there he was obliged to listen to -Hermann's story about the unjust martyrdom of Magnan. The funeral -notice read as follows: "You are invited to be present at the funeral -services of M. Jean-Frederic Taillefer, of the firm Taillefer & -Company, formerly contractor for supplies, in his life-time Knight of -the Legion of Honor and of the Golden Spur, Captain of the National -Guard of Paris, died May 1st, at his mansion, rue Joubert. The -services will be conducted at --, etc. In behalf of----," etc. [The -Firm of Nucingen. Father Goriot. The Magic Skin. The Red Inn.] - -TAILLEFER (Madame), first wife of the preceding, and mother of -Frederic-Michel and Victorine Taillefer. As the result of the harsh -treatment by her husband, who unjustly suspected her of being -unfaithful, she died of a broken heart, presumably at quite an early -age. [Father Goriot.] - -TAILLEFER (Madame), second wife of Jean-Frederic Taillefer, who -married her as a speculation, but even then made her happy. She seemed -to be devoted to him. [The Red Inn.] - -TAILLEFER (Frederic-Michel), son of Jean-Frederic Taillefer by his -first wife, did not even try to protect his sister, Victorine, from -her father's unjust persecutions. Designated heir of the whole of his -father's great fortune, he was killed, in 1819, near Clignancourt, by -a dexterous and unerring stroke, in a duel with Colonel Franchessini, -the duel being instigated by Jacques Collin, in the interest of Eugene -de Rastignac, though the latter knew nothing of the matter. [Father -Goriot.] - -TAILLEFER (Victorine), sister of the preceding, and daughter of -Jean-Frederic Taillefer by his first wife; a distant cousin of Madame -Couture; her mother having died in 1819, she wrongfully passed in her -father's opinion for "the child of adulterous connections"; was turned -away from her father's house, and sought protection with her -kinswoman, Madame Couture, the widow of Couture the ordainer, on the -rue Neuve-Saint-Genevieve, in Madame Vauquer's boarding-house; there -she fell in love with Eugene de Rastignac; by the death of her brother -she became heir to all the property of her father, Jean-Frederic -Taillefer, whose death-bed she comforted in every way possible. -Victorine Taillefer probably remained single. [Father Goriot. The Red -Inn.] - -TALLEYRAND-PERIGORD (Charles-Maurice de), Prince de Benevent, Bishop -of Autun, ambassador and minister, born in Paris, in 1754, died in -1838, at his home on the rue Saint-Florentin.[*] Talleyrand gave -attention to the insurrectional stir that arose in Bretagne, under the -direction of the Marquis de Montauran, about 1799. [The Chouans.] The -following year (June, 1800), on the eve of the battle of Marengo, M. -de Talleyrand conferred with Malin de Gondreville, Fouche, Carnot, and -Sieyes, about the political situation. In 1804 he received M. de -Chargeboeuf, M. d'Hauteserre the elder, and the Abbe Goujet, who came -to urge him to have the names of Robert and Adrien d'Hauteserre and -Paul-Marie and Marie-Paul de Simeuse erased from the list of -emigrants; some time afterwards, when these latter were condemned, -despite their innocence, as guilty of the abduction and detention of -Senator Malin, he made every effort to secure their pardon, at the -earnest instance of Maitre Bordin, as well as the Marquis de -Chargeboeuf. At the hour of the execution of the Duc d'Enghien, which -he had perhaps advised, he was found with Madame de Luynes in time to -give her the news of it, at the exact moment of its happening. M. de -Talleyrand was very fond of Antoinette de Langeais. A frequent visitor -of the Chaulieus, he was even more intimate with their near relative, -the elderly Princesse de Vauremont, who made him executor of her will. -[The Gondreville Mystery. The Thirteen. Letters of Two Brides.] -Fritot, in selling his famous "Selim" shawl to Mistress Noswell, made -use of a cunning that certainly would not have deceived the -illustrious diplomat; one day, indeed, on noticing the hesitation of a -fashionable lady as between two bracelets, Talleyrand asked the -opinion of the clerk who was showing the jewelry, and advised the -purchase of the one rejected by the latter. [Gaudissart II.] - -[*] Alexander I., Czar of Russia, once stayed at this house, which is - now owned and occupied by the Baron Alphonse de Rothschild. - -TARLOWSKI, a Pole; colonel in the Imperial Guard; ordnance officer -under Napoleon Bonaparte; friend of Poniatowski; made a match between -his daughter and Bourlac. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -TASCHERON, a very upright farmer, in a small way, in the market town -of Montegnac, nine leagues distant from Limoges; left his village in -August, 1829, immediately after the execution of his son, -Jean-Francois. With his wife, parents, children and grandchildren, -he sailed for America, where he prospered and founded the town of -Tascheronville in the State of Ohio. [The Country Parson.] - -TASCHERON (Jean-Francois), one of the sons of the preceding, born -about 1805, a porcelain maker, working successively with Messieurs -Graslin and Philippart; at the end of Charles X.'s reign, he committed -a triple crime which, owing to his excellent character and -antecedents, seemed for a long time inexplicable. Jean-Francois -Tascheron fell in love with the wife of his first employer, Pierre -Graslin, and she reciprocated the passion; to prepare a way for them -to escape together, he went one night to the house of Pingret, a rich -and miserly husbandman in the Faubourg Saint-Etienne, robbed him of a -large sum of money, and, thinking to assure his safety, murdered the -old man and his servant, Jeanne Malassis. Being arrested, despite his -precautions, Jean-Francois Tascheron made especial effort not to -compromise Madame Graslin. Condemned to death, he refused to confess, -and was deaf to the prayers of Pascal, the chaplain, yielding -somewhat, however, to his other visitors, the Abbe Bonnet, his mother, -and his sister Denise; as a result of their influence he restored a -considerable portion of the hundred thousand francs stolen. He was -executed at Limoges, in August, 1829. He was the natural father of -Francois Graslin. [The Country Parson.] - -TASCHERON (Louis-Marie), a brother of the preceding; with Denise -Tascheron (afterwards Denise Gerard) he fulfilled a double mission: he -destroyed the traces of the crime of Jean-Francois, that might betray -Madame Graslin, and restored the rest of the stolen money to Pingret's -heirs, Monsieur and Madame de Vanneaulx. [The Country Parson.] - -TASCHERON (Denise), a sister of the preceding. (See Gerard, Madame -Gregoire.) - -TAUPIN, cure of Soulanges (Bourgogne), cousin of the Sarcus family and -Sarcus-Taupin, the miller. He was a man of ready wit, of happy -disposition, and on good terms with all his parishioners. [The -Peasantry.] - -TERNNICK (De), Duc de Casa-Real, which name see. - -TERRASSE AND DUCLOS, keepers of records at the Palais, in 1822; -consulted at that time with success by Godeschal. [A Start in Life.] - -THELUSSON, a banker, one of whose clerks was Lemprun before he entered -the Banque de France as messenger. [The Middle Classs.] - -THERESE, lady's-maid to Madame de Nucingen during the Restoration and -the reign of Louis Philippe. [Father Goriot. A Daughter of Eve.] - -THERESE, lady's-maid to Madame Xavier Rabourdin, on the rue Duphot, -Paris, in 1824. [The Government Clerks.] - -THERESE, lady's-maid to Madame de Rochefide in the latter part of -Charles X.'s reign, and during the reign of Louis Philippe. [Beatrix.] - -THERESE (Sister), the name under which Antoinette de Langeais died, -after she had taken the veil, and retired to the convent of -bare-footed Carmelites on an island belonging to Spain, probably the -island of Leon. [The Thirteen.] - -THIBON (Baron), chief of the Comptoir d'Escompte, in 1818, had been a -colleague of Cesar Birotteau, the perfumer. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -THIRION, usher to the closet of King Louis XVIII., was on terms of -intimacy with the Ragons, and was invited to Cesar Birotteau's famous -ball on December 17, 1818, together with his wife and his daughter -Amelie, one of Servin's pupils who married Camusot de Marville. [The -Vendetta. Cesar Birotteau.] The emoluments of his position, obtained -by the patronage that his zeal deservedly acquired, enabled him to lay -by a considerable sum, which the Camusot de Marvilles inherited. -[Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -THOMAS was owner of a large house in Bretagne, that Marie de Verneuil -(Madame Alphonse de Montauran) bought for Francine de Cottin, her -lady's maid, and a niece of Thomas. [The Chouans.] - -THOMAS (Madame) was a milliner in Paris towards the latter part of the -reign of Charles X.; it was to her establishment that Frederic de -Nucingen, after being driven to the famous pastry shop of Madame -Domas, an error arising from his Alsatian pronunciation, betook -himself in quest of a black satin cape, lined with pink, for Esther -van Gobseck. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -THOMIRE contributed to the material splendors of the famous -entertainment given by Frederic Taillefer, about 1831, at his mansion -on the rue Joubert, Paris. [The Magic Skin.] - -THOREC, an anagram of Hector, and one of the names successively -assumed by Baron Hector Hulot d'Ervy, after deserting his conjugal -roof. [Cousin Betty.] - -THOREIN, a carpenter, was employed in making changes in Cesar -Birotteau's apartments some days before the famous ball given by the -perfumer on December 17, 1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -THOUL, anagram of the word Hulot, and one of the names successively -assumed by Baron Hector Hulot d'Ervy, after his desertion of the -conjugal roof. [Cousin Betty.] - -THOUVENIN, famous in his work, but an unreliable tradesman, was -employed, in 1818, by Madame Anselme Popinot (then Mademoiselle -Birotteau) to rebind for her father, the perfumer, the works of -various authors. [Cesar Birotteau.] Thouvenin, as an artist, was in -love with his own works--like Servais, the favorite gilder of Elie -Magus. [Cousin Pons.] - -THUILLIER was first door-keeper of the minister of finance in the -second half of the eighteenth century; by furnishing meals to the -clerks he realized from his position a regular annual income of almost -four thousand francs; being married and the father of two children, -Marie-Jeanne-Brigitte and Louis-Jerome, he retired from active duties -about 1806, and, losing his wife in 1810, he himself died in 1814. He -was commonly called "Stout Father Thuillier." [The Government Clerks. -The Middle Classes.] - -THUILLIER (Marie-Jeanne-Brigitte), daughter of the preceding, born in -1787, of independent disposition and of obstinate will, chose the -single state to become, as it were, the ambitious mother of -Louis-Jerome, a brother younger than herself by four years. She began -life by making coin-bags at the Bank of France, then engaged in -money-lending; took every advantage of her debtors, among others Fleury, -her father's colleague at the Treasury. Being now rich, she met the -Lempruns and the Galards; took upon herself the management of the -small fortune of their heir, Celeste Lemprum, whom she had selected -specially to be the wife of her brother; after their marriage she -lived with her brother's family; was also one of Mademoiselle -Colleville's god-mothers. On the rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer, and on -the Place de la Madeleine, she showed herself many times to be the -friend of Theodose de la Peyrade, who vainly sought the hand of the -future Madame Phellion. [The Government Clerks. The Middle Classes.] - -THUILLIER (Louis-Jerome), younger brother of the preceding, born in -1791. Thanks to his father's position, he entered the Department of -Finance as clerk at an early age. Louis-Jerome Thuillier, being -exempted from military service on account of weak eyes, married -Celeste Lemprun, Galard's wealthy granddaughter, about 1814. Ten years -later he had reached the advancement of reporting clerk, in Xavier -Rabourdin's office, Flamet de la Billardiere's division. His pleasing -exterior gave him a series of successes in love affairs, that was -continued after his marriage, but cut short by the Restoration, -bringing back, as it did, with peace, the gallants escaped from the -battlefield. Among his amorous conquests may be counted Madame Flavie -Colleville, wife of his intimate friend and colleague at the Treasury; -of their relations was born Celeste Colleville--Madame Felix Phellion. -Having been deputy-chief for two years (since January 5, 1828), he -left the Treasury at the outbreak of the Revolution of 1830. In him -the office lost an expert in equivocal jests. Having left the -department, Thuillier turned his energies in another direction. -Marie-Jeanne-Brigette, his elder sister, turning him to the intricacies -of real estate, made him leave their lodging-place on the rue -d'Argenteuil, to purchase a house on the rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer, -which had formerly belonged to President Lecamus and to Petitot, the -artist. Thuillier's conceit and vanity, now that he had become a -well-known and important citizen, were greatly flattered when Theodose -de la Peyrade hired apartments from him. M. Thuillier was manager of the -"Echo de la Bievre," signed a certain pamphlet on political economy, -was candidate for the Chamber of Deputies, purchased a second house, -in 1840, on the Place de la Madeleine, and was chosen to succeed J.-J. -Popinot as member of the General Council of the Seine. [The Government -Clerks. The Middle Classes.] - -THUILLIER (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Celeste Lemprun, in -1794; only daughter of the oldest messenger in the Bank of France, -and, on her mother's side, granddaughter od Galard, a well-to-do -truck-gardener of Auteuil; a transparent blonde, slender, -sweet-tempered, religious, and barren. In her married life, Madame -Thuillier was swayed beneath the despotism of her sister-in-law, -Marie-Jeanne-Brigitte, but derived some consolation from the -affection of Celeste Colleville, and, about 1841, contributed as far -as her influence permitted, to the marriage of this her god-daughter. -[The Middle Classes.] - -TIENNETTE, born in 1769, a Breton who wore her native costume, was, in -1829, the devoted servant of Madame de Portenduere the elder, on the -rue des Bourgeois (now Bezout), Nemours. [Ursule Mirouet.] - -TILLET (Ferdinand du), had legally a right only to the first part of -his name, which was given him on the morning of Saint-Ferdinand's day -by the curate of the church of Tillet, a town near Andelys (Eure). -Ferdinand was the son of an unknown great nobleman and a poor -countrywoman of Normandie, who was delivered of her son one night in -the curate's garden, and then drowned herself. The priest took in the -new born son of the betrayed mother and took care of him. His -protector being dead, Ferdinand resolved to make his own way in the -world, took the name of his village, was first commercial traveler, -and, in 1814, he became head clerk in Birotteau's perfumery -establishment on the rue Saint-Honore, Paris. While there he tried, -but without success, to win Constance Birotteau, his patron's wife, -and stole three thousand francs from the cash drawer. They discovered -the theft and forgave the offender, but in such a way that Du Tillet -himself was offended. He left the business and started a bank; being -the lover of Madame Roguin, the notary's wife, he became involved in -the business scheme known as "the lands of the Madeleine," the -original cause of Birotteau's failure and of his own fortune (1818). -Ferdinand du Tillet, now a lynx of almost equal prominence with -Nucingen, with whom he was on very intimate terms, being loved by -Mademoiselle Malvina d'Aldrigger, being looked up to by the Kellers -also, and being further the patron of Tiphaine, the Provins Royalist, -was able to crush Birotteau, and triumphed over him, even on December -17, 1818, the evening of the famous ball given by the perfumer; Jules -Desmarets, Benjamin de la Billiardiere, and he were the only perfect -types present of worldly propriety and distinction. [Cesar Birotteau. -The Firm of Nucingen. The Middle Classes. A Bachelor's Establishment. -Pierrette.] Once started, M. du Tillet seldom left the Chaussee -d'Antin, the financial quarter of Paris, during the Restoration and -the reign of Louis Philippe. It was there that he received Birotteau, -imploring aid, and gave him a letter of recommendation for Nucingen, -the result of which was quite different from what the unfortunate -merchant had anticipated. Indeed, it was agreed between the two -business men, if the i's in the letter in question were not dotted, to -give a negative answer; by this intentional omission, Du Tillet ruined -the unfortunate Birotteau. He had his bank on the rue Joubert when -Rodolphe Castanier, the dishonest cashier, robbed Nucingen. [Melmoth -Reconciled.] Ferdinand du Tillet was now a consequential personage, -when Lucien de Rubempre was making his start in Paris (1821). [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] Ten years later he married his -last daughter to the Comte de Granville, a peer of France, and "one of -the most illustrious names of the French magistracy." He occupied one -of the elegant mansions on the rue Neuve-des-Mathurins, now rue des -Mathurins; for a long time he kept Madame Roguin as his mistress; was -often seen, in the Faubourg Saint-Honore, with the Marquise d'Espard, -being found there on the day that Diane de Cadignan was slandered in -the presence of Daniel d'Arthez, who was very much in love with her. -With Massol and Raoul Nathan he founded a prominent newspaper, which -he used for his financial interests. He did not hesitate to get rid of -Nathan, who was loaded down with debts; but he found Nathan before him -once more, however, as candidate for the Chamber of Deputies, to -succeed Nucingen, who had been made a peer of France; this time, also, -he triumphed over his rival, and was elected. [The Secrets of a -Princess. A Daughter of Eve.] M. du Tillet was no more sparing of -Maxime de Trailles, but harassed him pitilessly, when the count was -sent into Champagne as electoral agent of the government. [The Member -for Arcis.] He was present at the fete given by Josepha Mirah, by way -of a house-warming, in her mansion on the rue de la Ville-l'Eveque; -Celestin Crevel and Valerie Marneffe invited him to their wedding. -[Cousin Betty.] At the end of the monarchy of July, being a deputy, -with his seat in the Left Centre, Ferdinand du Tillet kept in the most -magnificent style Seraphine Sinet, the Opera girl, more familiarly -called Carabine. [The Unconscious Humorists.] There is a biography of -Ferdinand du Tillet, elaborated by the brilliant pen of Jules -Claretie, in "Le Temps" of September 5, 1884, under title of "Life in -Paris." - -TILLET (Madame Ferdinand du), wife of the preceding, born Marie-Eugenie -de Granville in 1814, one of the four children of the Comte and -Comtesse de Granville, and younger sister of Madame Felix de -Vandenesse; a blonde like her mother; in her marriage, which took -place in 1831, was a renewal of the griefs that had sobered the years -of her youth. Eugenie du Tillet's natural playfulness of spirit could -find vent only with her eldest sister, Angelique-Marie, and their -harmony teacher, W. Schmucke, in whose company the two sisters forgot -their father's neglect and the convent-like rigidness of a devotee's -home. Poor in the midst of wealth, deserted by her husband, and bent -beneath an inflexible yoke, Madame du Tillet could lend but too little -aid to her sister--then Madame de Vandenesse--in the trouble caused by -a passion she had conceived for Raoul Nathan. However, she supplied -her with two powerful allies--Delphine de Nucingen and W. Schmucke. As -a result of her marriage Madame du Tillet had two children. [A -Daughter of Eve.] - -TINTENIAC, known for his part in the Quiberon affair, had among his -confederates Jacques Horeau, who was executed in 1809 with the -Chauffeurs of Orne. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -TINTI (Clarina), born in Sicily about 1803; was maid in an inn, when -her glorious voice came under the notice of a great nobleman, her -fellow-countryman, the Duke Cataneo, who had her educated. At the age -of sixteen, she made her debut with brilliant success at several -Italian theatres. In 1820, she was "prima donna assoluta" of the -Fenice theatre, Venice. Being loved by Genovese, the famous tenor, -Tinti was usually engaged with him. Of a passionate nature, beautiful -and capricious, Clarina became enamored of Prince Emilio du Varese, at -that time the lover of the Duchesse Cataneo, and became, for a while, -the mistress of that descendant of the Memmis: the ruined palace of -Varese, which Cataneo hired for Tinti, was the scene of these -ephemeral relations. [Massimilla Doni.] In the winter of 1823-1824, at -the home of Prince Gandolphini, in Geneva, with Genovese, Princesse -Gandolphini, and an exiled Italian prince, she sang the famous -quartette, "Mi manca la voce." [Albert Savarus.] - -TIPHAINE, of Provins, brother of Madame Guenee-Galardon, rich in his -own right, and expecting something more by way of inheritance from his -father, adopted the legal profession; married a granddaughter of -Chevrel, a prominent banker of Paris; had children by his marriage; -presided over the court of his native town in the latter part of -Charles X.'s reign. At that time an ardent Royalist, and resting -secure under the patronage of the well-known financiers, Ferdinand du -Tillet and Frederic de Nucingen, M. Tiphaine contended against -Gouraud, Vinet, and Rogron, the local representatives of the Liberal -party, and for a considerable time upheld the cause of Mademoiselle -Pierrette Lorrain, their victim. Tiphaine, however, suited himself to -the circumstances, and came over to Louis Philippe, the -"revolutionist," under whose reign he became a member of the Chamber -of Deputies; he was "one of the most esteemed orators of the Centre"; -secured his appointment to the judgeship of the court of first -instance of the Seine, and still later he was made president of the -royal court. [Pierrette.] - -TIPHAINE (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Mathilde-Melanie -Roguin, in the early part of the nineteenth century; the only daughter -of a wealthy notary of Paris, noted for his fraudulent failure in -1819; on her mother's side, granddaughter of Chevrel, the banker, and -also distant cousin of the Guillaumes, and the families of Lebas and -Sommervieux. Before her marriage she was a frequent visitor at the -studio of Servin, the artist; she was there "the malicious oracle" of -the Liberal party, and, with Laure, took sides with Ginevra di Piombo -against Amelie Thirion, leader of the aristocratic group. [The -Vendetta.] Clever, pretty, coquettish, correct, and a real Parisian, -and protected by Madame Roguin's lover, Ferdinand du Tillet, -Mathilde-Melanie Tiphaine reigned supreme in Provins, in the midst of -the Guenee family, represented by Mesdames Galardon, Lessourd, Martener, -and Auffray; took in, or, rather, defended Pierrette Lorrain; and -overwhelmed the Rogron salon with her spirit of raillery. [Pierrette.] - -TISSOT (Pierre-Francois), born March 10, 1768, at Versailles, died -April 7, 1854; general secretary of the Maintenance Commission in -1793, successor to Jacques Delille in the chair of Latin poetry in the -College de France; a member of the Academy in 1833, and the author of -many literary and historical works; under the Restoration he was -managing editor of the "Pilote," a radical sheet that published a -special edition of the daily news for the provinces, a few hours after -the morning papers. Horace Bianchon, the house-surgeon, there learned -of the death of Frederic-Michel Taillefer, who had been killed in a -duel with Franchessini. [Father Goriot.] In the reign of Louis -Philippe, when Charles-Edouard Rusticoli de la Palferine's burning -activity vainly sought an upward turn, Tissot, from the professor's -chair, pleaded the cause of the rights and aspirations of youth that -had been ignored and despised by the power surrendered into the hands -of superannuated mossbacks. [A Prince of Bohemia.] - -TITO, a young and handsome Italian, in 1823, brought "la liberta e -denaro" to the Prince and Princess Gandolphini, who were at that time -impoverished outlaws, living in concealment at Gersau (canton of -Lucerne) under the English name of Lovelace--"L'Ambitieux par Amour." -[Albert Savarus.] - -TOBY, born in Ireland about 1807; also called Joby, and Paddy; during -the Restoration, Beaudenord's "tiger" on the Quai Malaquais, Paris; a -wonder of precocity in vice; acquired a sort of celebrity in exercise -of his duties, a celebrity that was even reflected on Madame -d'Aldrigger's future son-in-law. [The Firm of Nucingen.] During Louis -Philippe's reign, Toby was a servant in the household of the Duc -Georges de Maufrigneuse on the rue Miromesnil. [The Secrets of a -Princess.] - -TONNELET (Matire), a notary, and son-in-law of M. Gravier of Isere, -whose intimate friend was Benassis, and who was one of the co-workers -of that beneficent physician. Tonnelet was thin and pale, and of -medium height; he generally dressed in black, and wore spectacles. -[The Country Doctor.] - -TONSARD (Mere), a peasant woman of Bourgogne, born in 1745, was one of -the most formidable enemies of Montcornet, the owner of Aigues, and of -his head-keeper, Justine Michaud. She had killed the keeper's favorite -hound and she encroached upon the forest trees, so as to kill them and -take the dead wood off. A reward of a thousand francs having been -offered to the person who should discover the perpetrator of these -wrongs, Mere Tonsard had herself denounced by her granddaughter, Marie -Tonsard, in order to secure this sum of money to her family, and she -was sentenced to five years' imprisonment, though she probably did not -serve her term. Mere Bonnebault committed the same offences as Mere -Tonsard; they had a quarrel, each wishing to profit by the advantages -of a denunciation, and had ended by referring the matter to the -casting of lots, which resulted in favor of Mere Tonsard. [The -Peasantry.] - -TONSARD (Francois), son of the preceding, born about 1773, was a -country laborer, skilled more or less in everything; he possessed a -hereditary talent, attested, moreover, by his name, for trimming -trees, and various kinds of hedges. Lazy and crafty, Francois Tonsard -secured from Sophie Laguerre, Montcornet's predecessor at Aigues, an -acre of land, on which he built, in 1795, the wine-shop known as the -Grand-I-Vert. He was saved from conscription by Francois Gaubertin, at -that time steward of Aigues, at the urgent request of Mademoiselle -Cochet, their common mistress. Being then married to Philippine -Fourchon, and Gaubertin having become his wife's lover, he could poach -with freedom, and so it was that the Tonsard family made regular -levies on the Aigues forest with impunity: they supplied themselves -entirely from the wood of the forest, kept two cows at the expense of -the landlord, and were represented at the harvest by seven gleaners. -Being incommoded by the active watch kept over them by Justine -Michaud, Gaubertin's successor, Tonsard killed him, one night in 1823. -Afterwards in the dismemberment of Montcornet's estate, Tonsard got -his share of the spoils. [The Peasantry.] - -TONSARD (Madame), wife of the preceding; born Philippe Fourchon; -daughter of the Fourchon who was the natural grandfather of Mouche; -large, and of a good figure, with a sort of rustic beauty; lax in -morals; extravagant in her tastes, none the less she assured the -prosperity of the Grand-I-Vert, by reason of her talent as a cook, and -her free coquetry. By her marriage she had four children, two sons and -two daughters. [The Peasantry.] - -TONSARD (Jean-Louis), born about 1801, son of the preceding, and -perhaps also of Francois Gaubertin, to whom Philippe Tonsard was -mistress. Exempted from military service in 1821 on account of a -pretended disorder in the muscles of his right arm, Jean-Louis Tonsard -posed under the protection of Soudry, Rogou and Gaubertin, in a -circumspect way, as the enemy of the Montcornets and Michaud. He was a -lover of Annette, Rigou's servant girl. [The Peasantry.] - -TONSARD (Nicolas), younger brother of the preceding, and the male -counterpart of his sister Catherine; brutally persecuted, with his -sister's connivance, Niseron's granddaughter, Genevieve, called La -Pechina, whom he tried to outrage. [The Peasantry.] - -TONSARD (Catherine). (See Godain, Madame.) - -TONSARD (Marie), sister of the preceding; a blonde; had the loose and -uncivilized morals of her family. While mistress of Bonnebault, she -proved herself, on one occasion at the Cafe de la Paix of Soulanges, -to be fiercely jealous of Aglae Socquard, whom he wished to marry. -[The Peasantry.] - -TONSARD (Reine), without any known relationship to all of the -preceding, was, in spite of being very ugly, the mistress of the son -of the Oliviers, porters to Valerie Marneffe-Crevel; and she remained -for a long time the confidential lady's-maid of that married -courtesan; but, being brought over by Jacques Collin, she eventually -betrayed and ruined the Crevel family. [Cousin Betty.] - -TONY, coachman to Louis de l'Estorade, about 1840. [The Member for -Arcis.] - -TOPINARD, born about 1805; officer in charge of the property of the -theatre managed by Felix Gaudissart; in charge also of the lamps and -fixtures; and, lastly, he had the task of placing the copies of the -music on the musicians' stands. He went every day to the rue Normandie -to get news of Sylvain Pons, who was suffering from a fatal attack of -hepatitis; in the latter part of April, 1845, he was, with Fraisier, -Villemot and Sonet's agent, one of the pall-bearers at the funeral of -the cousin of the Camusot de Marvilles. On leaving the Pere-Lachaise, -Topinard, who was living in the Cite Bordin, was moved to compassion -for Schmucke, brought him home, and finally received him under his -roof. Topinard then secured the position of cashier with Gaudissart, -but he almost lost his position for trying to defend the interests of -Schmucke, of whom the heirs-at-law of Pons had undertaken to rid -themselves. Even under these circumstances Topinard aided Schmucke in -his distress; he alone followed the German's body to the cemetery, and -took pains to have him buried beside Sylvain Pons. [Cousin Pons.] - -TOPINARD (Madame Rosalie), wife of the preceding, born about 1815, -called Lolotte; she was a member of the choir under the direction of -Felix Gaudissart's predecessor, whose mistress she was. A victim of -her lover's failure, she became box-opener of the first tier, and also -quite a dealer in costumes during the following administration -(1834-1845). She had first lived as Topinard's mistress, but he -afterwards married her; she had three children by him. She took part -in the funeral mass of Pons; when Schmucke was taken in by her husband -in the Cite Bordin, she nursed the musician in his last illness. -[Cousin Pons.] - -TOPINARD, eldest son of the preceding couple, was a supernumerary in -Gaudissart's company. [Cousin Pons.] - -TOPINARD (Olga), sister of the preceding; a blonde of the German type; -when quite young, she won the warmest affection of Schmucke, who was -making his home with the employes of Gaudissart's theatre. [Cousin -Pons.] - -TORLONIA (Duc), a name mentioned, in December, 1829, by the Baron -Frederic de Nucingen, as that of one of his friends, and pronounced by -him "Dorlonia." The duke had ordered a magnificent carpet, the price -of which he considered exorbitant, but the baron bought it for Esther -van Gobseck's "leedle balace" on the rue Saint-Georges. The Duc -Torlonia belonged to the famous family of Rome, that was so hospitable -to strangers, and was of French origin. The original name was -Tourlogne. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -TORPILLE (La), sobriquet of Esther van Gobseck. - -TOUCHARD, father and son, ran a line of stages, during the -Restoration, to Beaumont-sur-Oise. [A Start in Life.] - -TOUCHES (Mademoiselle Felicite des), born at Guerande in 1791; related -to the Grandlieus; not connected with the Touches family of Touraine, -to which the regent's ambassador, more famous as a comic poet, -belonged; became an orphan in 1793; her father, a major in the Gardes -de la Porte, was killed on the steps of the Tuileries August 10, 1792, -and her only brother, a younger member of the guard, was massacred at -the Carmelite convent; lastly, her mother died of a broken heart a few -days after this last catastrophe. Entrusted then to the care of her -maternal aunt, Mademoiselle de Faucombe, a nun of Chelles,[*] she was -taken by her to Faucombe, a considerable estate situated near Nantes, -and soon afterwards she was put in prison along with her aunt on the -charge of being an emissary of Pitt and Cobourg. The 9th Thermidor -found them released; but Mademoiselle de Faucombe died of fright, and -Felicite was sent to M. de Faucombe, an archaeologist of Nantes, being -her maternal great-uncle and her nearest relative. She grew up by -herself, "a tom-boy"; she had at her command an enormous library, -which allowed her to acquire, at a very early age, a great mass of -information. The literary spirit being developed in her, Mademoiselle -des Touches began by assisting her aged uncle; wrote three articles -that he believed were his own work, and, in 1822, made her beginning -in literature with two volumes of dramatic works, after the fashion of -Lope de Vega and Shakespeare, which produced a sort of artistic -revolution. She then assumed as a permanent appellation, the pseudonym -of Camille Maupin, and led a bright and independent life. Her income -of eighty thousand livres, her castle of Les Touches, near Guerande ---Loire-Inferieure--her Parisian mansion on the rue de Mont-Blanc--now -rue de la Chaussee-d'Antin,--her birth, and her connections, had their -power of influence. Her irregularities were covered as with a veil, in -consideration of her genius. Indeed, Mademoiselle des Touches had more -than one lover: a gallant about 1817; then an original mind, a -sceptic, the real creator of Camille Maupin; and next Gennaro Conti, -whom she knew in Rome, and Claude Vignon, a critic of reputation. -[Beatrix. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] -Felicite was a patron of Joseph Bridau, the romantic painter, who was -despised by the bourgeois [A Bachelor's Establishment.]; she felt a -liking for Lucien de Rubempre, whom, indeed, she came near marrying; -though this circumstance did not prevent her from aiding the poet's -mistress, Coralie, the actress; for, at the time of their amours, -Felicite des Touches was in high favor at the Gymnase. She was the -anonymous collaborator of a comedy into which Leontine Volnys--the -little Fay of that time--was introduced; she had intended to write -another vaudeville play, in which Coralie was to have made the -principal role. When the young actress took to her bed and died, which -occurred under the Poirson-Cerfberr[+] management, Felicite paid the -expenses of her burial, and was present at the funeral services, which -were conducted at Notre-Dame de Bonne-Nouvelle. She gave dinner-parties -on Wednesdays; Levasseur, Conti, Mesdames Pasta, Conti, Fodor, De -Bargeton, and d'Espard, attended her receptions. [A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris.] Although a Legitimist, like the Marquise -d'Espard, Felicite, after the Revolution of July, kept her salon open, -where were frequently assembled her neighbor Leontine de Serizy, Lord -Dudley and Lady Barimore, the Nucingens, Joseph Bridau, Mesdames de -Cadignan and de Montcornet, the Comtesse de Vandenesse, Daniel -d'Arthez, and Madame Rochegude, otherwise known as Rochefide. Canalis, -Rastignac, Laginski, Montriveau, Bianchon, Marsay, and Blondet rivaled -each other in telling piquant stories and passing caustic remarks -under her roof. [Another Study of Woman.] Furthermore, Mademoiselle -des Touches shortly afterwards gave advice to Marie de Vandenesse and -condemned free love. [A Daughter of Eve.] In 1836, while traveling -through Italy, which she was showing to Claude Vignon and Leon de -Lora, the landscape painter, she was present at an entertainment given -by Maurice de l'Hostal, the French consul at Genoa; on this occasion -he gave an account of the ups and downs of the Bauvan family. -[Honorine.] In 1837, after having appointed as her residuary legatee -Calyste du Guenic, whom she adored, but to whom she refused to give -herself over, Felicite des Touches retired to a convent in Nantes of -the order of Saint-Francois. Among the works left by this second -George Sand, we may mention "Le Nouveau Promethee," a bold attempt, -standing alone among her works, and a short autobiographical romance, -in which she described her betrayed passion for Conti, an admirable -work, which was regarded as the counterpart of Benjamin Constant's -"Adolphe." [Beatrix. The Muse of the Department.] - -[*] It was perhaps at Chelles that Mademoiselle de Faucombe became - acquainted with Mesdemoiselles de Beauseant and de Langeais. - -[+] Delestre-Poirson, the vaudeville man, together with A. Cerfberr - established the Gymnase-Dramatique, December 20, 1820; with the - Cerfberr Brothers, Delestre-Poirson continued the management of it - until 1844. - -TOUPILLIER, born about 1750; of a wretchedly poor family consisting of -three sisters and five brothers, one of whom was father of Madame -Cardinal. From drum-major in the Gardes-Francaise, Toupillier became -beadle in the church of Saint-Sulpice, Paris; then dispenser of holy -water, having been an artist's model in the meantime. Toupillier, at -the beginning of the Restoration, suspected either of being a -Bonapartist, or of being unfit for his position, was discharged from -the service of the church, and had only the right to stand at the -threshold as a privileged beggar; however, he profited greatly by his -new position, for he knew how to arouse the compassionate feelings of -the faithful in every possible way, chiefly by passing as a -centenarian. Having been entrusted with the diamonds that Charles -Crochard had stolen from Mademoiselle Beaumesnil and which the young -thief wished to get off his hands for the time being, Toupillier -denied having received them and remained possessor of the stolen -jewels. But Corentin, the famous police-agent, followed the pauper of -Saint-Sulpice to the rue du Coeur-Volant, and surprised that new -Cardillac engrossed in the contemplation of the diamonds. He, however, -left them in his custody, on condition of his leaving by will all his -property to Lydie Peyrade, Corentin's ward and Mademoiselle -Beaumesnil's daughter. Corentin further required Toupillier to live in -his house and under his surveillance on the rue Honore-Chevalier. At -that time Toupillier had an income of eighteen hundred francs; he -might be seen, at the church, munching wretched crusts; but, the -church once closed, he went to dine at the Lathuile restaurant, -situated on the Barriere de Clichy, and at night he got drunk on the -excellent Rousillon wines. Notwithstanding an attack made by Madame -Cardinal and Cerizet on the closet containing the diamonds, when the -pauper of Saint-Sulpice died in 1840, Lydie Peyrade, now Madame -Theodose de la Peyrade, inherited all that Toupillier possessed. [The -Middle Classes.] - -TOUPINET, a Parisian mechanic, at the time of the Restoration, being -married and father of a family, he stole his wife's savings, the fruit -of arduous labor; he was imprisoned, about 1828, probably for debts. -[The Commission in Lunacy.] - -TOUPINET (Madame), wife of the preceding; known under the name -Pomponne; kept a fruit-stand; lived, in 1828, on the rue du -Petit-Banquier, Paris; unhappy in her married life; obtained from the -charitable J.-J. Popinot, under the name of a loan, ten francs for -purchasing stock. [The Commission in Lunacy.] - -TOURNAN, a hatter of the rue Saint-Martin, Paris; among his customers -was young Poiret, who, on July 3, 1823, brought him his head-covering, -all greased, as a result of J.-J. Bixiou's practical joking. [The -Government Clerks.] - -TOURS-MINIERES (Bernard-Polydor Bryond, Baron des), a gentleman of -Alencon; born about 1772; in 1793, was one of the most active -emissaries of the Comte de Lille (Louis XVIII.), in his conspiracy -against the Republic. Having received the King's thanks, he retired to -his estate in the department of Orne, which had long been burdened -with mortgages; and, in 1807, he married Henriette Le Chantre de la -Chanterie, with the concurrence of the Royalists, whose "pet" he was. -He pretended to take part in the reactionary revolutionary movement of -the West in 1809, implicated his wife in the matter, compromised her, -ruined her, and then disappeared. Returning in secrecy to his country, -under the assumed name of Lemarchand, he aided the authorities in -getting at the bottom of the plot, and then went to Paris, where he -became the celebrated police-agent Contenson. [The Seamy Side of -History.] He knew Peyrade, and received from Lenoir's old pupil the -significant sobriquet of "Philosopher." Being agent for Fouche during -the period of the Empire, he abandoned himself in the most sensual way -to his passions, and lived a life of irregularity and vice. During the -time of the Restoration Louchard had him employed by Nucingen at the -time of the latter's amours with Esther van Gobseck. In the service of -this noted banker, Contenson (with Peyrade and Corentin) tried to -protect him from the snares of Jacques Collin, and followed the -pseudo-Carlos Herrera to his place of refuge on a house-top; but being -hurled from the roof by his intended victim, he was instantly killed -during the winter of 1829-1830. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -TOURS-MINIERES (Baronne Bryond des), wife of the preceding; born -Henriette Le Chantre de la Chanterie, in 1789; only daughter of -Monsieur and Madame Le Chantre de la Chanterie; was married after her -father's death. Through the machinations of Tours-Minieres she was -brought into contact with Charles-Amedee-Louis-Joseph Rifoel, -Chevalier du Vissard, became his mistress, and took the field for him -in the Royalist cause, in the department of Orne, in 1809. Betrayed by -her husband, she was executed in 1810, in accordance with a -death-sentence of the court presided over by Mergi, Bourlac being -attorney-general. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -TRAILLES (Comte Maxime de), born in 1791, belonged to a family that -was descended from an attendant to Louis XI., and raised to the -nobility by Francois I. This perfect example of the Parisian -_condottieri_ made his beginning in the early part of the nineteenth -century as a page to Napoleon. Being loved, in turn, by Sarah Gobseck -and Anastasie de Restaud, Maxime de Trailles, himself already ruined, -ruined both of these; gaming was his master passion, and his caprices -knew no bounds. [Cesar Birotteau. Father Goriot. Gobseck.] He took -under his attention the Vicomte Savinien de Portenduere, a novice in -Parisian life, whom also he would have served later as his second -against Desire Minoret, but for the latter's death by accident. -[Ursule Mirouet.] His ready wit usually saved him from the throng of -creditors that swarmed about him, but even thus he once paid a debt -due Cerizet, in spite of himself. Maxime de Trailles, at that time, -was keeping, in a modest way, Antonia Chocardelle, who had a -news-stand on the rue Coquenard, near the rue Pigalle, on which -Trailles lived; and, at the same time, a certain Hortense, a protegee -of Lord Dudley, was seconding the genius of that excellent comedian, -Cerizet. [A Man of Business. The Member for Arcis.] The dominant party -of the Restoration accused Maxime de Trailles of being a Bonapartist, -and rebuked him for his shameless corruption of life; but the citizen -monarchy extended him a cordial welcome. Marsay was the chief promoter -of the count's fortunes; he moulded him, and sent him on delicate -political missions, which he managed with marvelous success. [The -Secrets of a Princess.] And so the Comte de Trailles was widely known -in social circles: as the guest of Josepha Mirah, by his presence he -honored the house-warming in her new apartments on the rue de la -Ville-l'Eveque. [Cousin Betty.] Marsay being dead, he lost the power -of his prestige. Eugene de Rastignac, who had become somewhat of a -Puritan, showed but slight esteem for him. However, Maxime de Trailles -was on easy terms with one of the minister's intimate friends, the -brilliant Colonel Franchessini. Nucingen's son-in-law--Eugene de -Rastignac--perhaps recalled Madame de Restaud's misfortunes, and -doubtless entertained no good feeling for the man who was responsible -for them all. None the less, he employed the services of M. de -Trailles--who was always at ease in the Marquise d'Espard's salon, in -the Faubourg Saint-Honore, though a man over forty years of age, -painted and padded and bowed down with debts--and sent him to look -after the political situation in Arcis before the spring election of -1839. Trailles worked his wires with judgment; he tried to override -the Cinq-Cygnes, partisans of Henri V.; he supported the candidacy of -Phileas Beauvisage, and sought the hand of Cecile-Renee Beauvisage, -the wealthy heiress, but was unsuccessful on all sides. [The Member -for Arcis.] M. de Trailles, furthermore, excelled in the adjustment of -private difficulties. M. d'Ajuda-Pinto, Abbe Brossette, and Madame de -Grandlieu called for his assistance, and, with the further aid of -Rusticoli de la Palferine, effected the reconciliation of the families -of Calyste du Guenic and Arthur de Rochefide. [Beatrix.] He became a -member of the Chamber of Deputies, succeeding Phileas Beauvisage, who -had replaced Charles de Sallenauve, at the Palais-Bourbon; here he was -pointed out to S.-P. Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -TRANS (Mademoiselle), a young unmarried woman of Bordeaux, who, like -Mademoiselle de Belor, was on the lookout for a husband when Paul de -Manerville married Natalie Evangelista. [A Marriage Settlement.] - -TRANSON (Monsieur and Madame), wholesale dealers in earthenware goods -on the rue des Lesdiguieres, were on intimate terms, about 1824, with -their neighbors, the Baudoyers and the Saillards. [The Government -Clerks.] - -TRAVOT (General), with his command, conducted, in 1815, the siege of -Guerande, a fortress defended by the Baron du Guenic, who finally -evacuated it, but who reached the wood with his Chouans and remained -in possession of the country until the second return of the Bourbons. -[Beatrix.] - -TROGNON (Maitre), a Parisian notary, wholly at the disposal of his -neighbor, Maitre Fraisier; during the years 1844-1845 he lived on the -rue Saint-Louis-au-Marais--now rue de Turenne--and reached the -death-bed of Sylvain Pons before his colleague, Maitre Leopold -Hannequin, though the latter actually received the musician's last -wishes. [Cousin Pons.] - -TROISVILLE (Guibelin, Vicomte de), whose name is pronounced Treville, -and who, as well as his numerous family, bore simply the name Guibelin -during the period of the Empire; he belonged to a noble line of ardent -Royalists well known in Alencon. [The Seamy Side of History.] Very -probably several of the Troisvilles, as well as the Chevalier de -Valois and the Marquis d'Esgrignon, were among the correspondents of -the Vendean chiefs, for it is well known that the department of Orne -was counted among the centres of the anti-revolutionary uprising -(1799). [The Chouans.] Furthermore, the Bourbons, after their -restoration, overwhelmed the Troisvilles with honors, making several -of them members of the Chamber of Deputies or peers of France. The -Vicomte Guibelin de Troisville served during the emigration in Russia, -where he married a Muscovite girl, daughter of the Princesse -Scherbeloff; and, during the year 1816, he returned to establish -himself permantly among the people of Alencon. Accepting temporarily -the hospitality of Rose-Victoire Cormon (eventually Madame du -Bousquier), he innocently inspired her with false hopes; the viscount, -naturally reserved, failed to inform her of his being son-in-law of -Scherbeloff, and legitimate father of the future Marechale de -Montcornet. Guibelin de Troisville, a loyal social friend of the -Esgrignons, met in their salon the Roche-Guyons and the Casterans, -distant cousins of his, but the intimate relations almost came to an -end, when Mademoiselle Virginie de Troisville became Madame de -Montcornet. [Jealousies of a Country Town.] However, in spite of this -union, which he looked upon as a mesalliance, the viscount was never -cool towards his daughter and her husband, but was their guest at -Aigues, in Bourgogne. [The Peasantry.] - -TROMPE-LA-MORT, a sobriquet of Jacques Collin. - -TROUBERT (Abbe Hyacinthe), favorite priest of M. de Bourbonne; rose -rapidly during the Restoration and Louis Philippe's reign, canon and -vicar-general, in turn, of Tours, he was afterwards bishop of Troyes. -His early career in Touraine showed him to be a deep, ambitious, and -dangerous man, knowing how to remove from his path those that impeded -his advance, and knowing how to conceal the full power of his -animosity. The secret support of the Congregation and the connivance -of Sophie Gamard allowed him to take advantage of Abbe Francois -Birotteau's unsuspecting good nature, and to rob him of all the -inheritance of Abbe Chapeloud, whom he had hated in his lifetime, and -over whom he triumphed thus again, despite the shrewdness of the -deceased priest. Abbe Troubert even won over to his side the -Listomeres, defenders of Francois Birotteau. [The Vicar of Tours.] -About 1839, at Troyes, Monsiegneur Troubert was on terms of intimacy -with the Cinq-Cygnes, the Hauteserres, the Cadignans, the -Maufrigneuses, and Daniel d'Arthez, who were more or less concerned in -the matter of the Champagne elections. [The Member for Arcis.] - -TROUSSENARD (Doctor), a physician of Havre, during the Restoration, -at the time that the Mignon de la Bastie family lived in that -sub-prefecture of the Seine-Inferieure. [Modeste Mignon.] - -TRUDON, in 1818, a grocer of Paris, in the same quarter as Cesar -Birotteau, whom he furnished, on December 17th of that year, with -nearly two hundred francs' worth of wax candles. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -TULLIA, professional sobriquet of Madame du Bruel. - -TULLOYE, the name of the owner of a small estate near Angouleme, where -M. de Bargeton, in the autumn of 1821, severely wounded M. de -Chandour, an unsophisticated hot-head, whom he had challenged to a -duel. The name Tulloye furnished a good opportunity in the affair for -a play on words. [Lost Illusions.] - -TURQUET (Marguerite), born about 1816, better known under the -sobriquet of Malaga, having a further appellaton of the "Aspasia of -the Cirque-Olympique," was originally a rider in the famous Bouthor -Traveling Hippodrome, and was later a Parisian star at the Franconi -theatre, in the summer on the Champs-Elysees, in the winter on the -Boulevard du Crime. In 1837, Mademoiselle Turquet was living in the -fifth story of a house on the rue des Fosses-du-Temple--a thoroughfare -that has been built up since 1862--when Thaddee Paz set her up in -sumptuous style elsewhere. But she wearied of the role of supposed -mistress of the Pole. [The Imaginary Mistress.] Nevertheless, this -position had placed Marguerite in a prominent light, and she shone -thenceforth among the artists and courtesans. She had in Maitre -Cardot, a notary on the Place du Chatelet, an earnest protector; and -as her lover she had a quite young musician. [The Muse of the -Department.] A shrewd girl, she held on to Maitre Cardot, and made a -popular hostess, in whose salon Desroches, about 1840, gave an -entertaining account of a strange battle between two roues, Trailles -and Cerizet, debtor and creditor, that resulted in a victory for -Cerizet. [A Man of Business.] In 1838, Malaga Turquet was present at -Josepha Mirah's elegant house-warming in her gorgeous new apartments -on the rue de la Ville-l'Eveque. [Cousin Betty.] - - - - U - -URBAIN, servant of Soudry, mayor of Soulanges, Bourgogne, during the -Restoration; was at one time a cavalry soldier, who entered into the -service of the mayor, an ex-brigadier of gendarmes, after failing to -receive an appointment as gendarme. [The Peasantry.] - -URRACA, aged Spanish woman, nurse of Baron de Macumer; the only family -servant kept by her master after his ruin and during his exile in -France. Urraca prepared the baron's chocolate in the very best style. -[Letters of Two Brides.] - -URRACA Y LORA (Mademoiselle), paternal aunt of Leon de Lora, remained -a spinster. As late as 1845 this quasi-Spaniard was still living in -poverty in a commune of the Pyrenees-Orientales, with the father and -elder brother of the artist. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -URSULE, servant employed by the Abbe Bonnet, cure of Montegnac, in -1829; a woman of canonical age. She received the Abbe de Rastignac, -who had been sent by the Bishop of Limoges to bring the village curate -to Jean-Francois Tascheron. It was desired that this man, although he -was condemned to death, should be brought back within the "pale of the -Church." Ursule learned from the Abbe de Rastignac of the reprieve -that had been given the murderer, and being not only inquisitive, but -also a gossip; she spread it throughout the whole village, during the -time that she was buying the articles necessary for the preparation of -breakfast for the Cure Bonnet and the Abbe de Rastignac. [The Village -Parson.] - -URSULE, from Picardie, very large; cook employed by Ragon, perfumer on -rue Saint-Honore, Paris, towards the end of the eighteenth century; -about 1793 she took in hand the amorous education of Cesar Birotteau, -the little Tourraine peasant just employed by the Ragons as errand-boy. -Ill-natured, wanton, wheedling, dishonest, selfish and given to -drink, Ursule did not suit the candid Cesar, whom she abandoned, -moreover, two years later, for a young Picardie rebel, who owned a few -acres of land. He found concealment in Paris, and let her marry him. -[Cesar Birotteau.] - -UXELLES (Marquise d'), related to the Princess de Blamont-Chauvry, and -to the Duc and Duchesse de Lenoncourt; god-mother of Cesar Birotteau. -[Cesar Birotteau.] - -UXELLES (Duchesse d'), born about 1769, mother of Diane d'Uxelles; -beloved by the Duc de Maufrigneuse, and about 1814 gave him her -daughter in marriage; ten years later she withdrew to her Uxelles -estate, where she lived a life of piety and selfishness. [The Secrets -of a Princess.] - - - - V - -VAILLANT (Madame), wife of a cabinet-maker in the Faubourg -Saint-Antoine; mother of three children. In 1819 and 1820, for forty -sous per month, she kept house for a young author,[*] who lived in a -garret in rue Lesdiguieres. She utilized her remaining time in turning -the crank for a mechanic, and received only ten sous a day for this -hard work. This woman and her husband were perfectly upright. At the -wedding of Madame Vaillant's sister, the young writer became -acquainted with Pere Canet--Facino Cane--clarinetist at the -Quinze-Vingts--who told him his strange story. [Facino Cane.] In 1818, -Madame Vaillant, already aged, kept house for Claude-Joseph Pillerault, -the former Republican, on rue des Bourdonnais. The old merchant was -good to his servant and did not let her shine his shoes. [Cesar -Birotteau.] - -[*] Honore de Balzac. He employed Madame Vaillant as a servant. - -VALDES (Paquita), born in the West Indies about 1793, daughter of a -slave bought in Georgia on account of her great beauty; lived in the -early part of the Restoration and during the Hundred Days in Hotel -San-Real, rue Saint-Lazare, Paris, with her mother and her -foster-father, Christemio. In April, 1815, in the Jardin des Tuileries, -she was met by Henri de Marsay, who loved her. She agreed to receive -him secretly in her own home. She gave up everything for his sake, but -in a transport of love, she cried out from force of habit: "O -Mariquita!" This put her lover in such a fury that he tried to kill -her. Not being able to do this, he returned, accompanied by some other -members of "The Thirteen," only to find Paquita murdered; for, the -Marquise de San-Real, Marsay's own sister, who was very jealous of the -favors granted the man by this girl, has slashed her savagely with a -dagger. Having been kept in retirement since she was twelve years old, -Paquita Valdes knew neither how to read nor to write. She spoke only -English and Spanish. On account of the peculiar color of her eyes she -was known as "the girl with the golden eyes," by some young men, one -of whom was Paul de Manerville, who had noticed her during his -promenades. [The Thirteen.] - -VALDEZ, a Spanish admiral, constitutional minister of King Ferdinand -VII. in 1820; was obliged to flee at the time of the reaction, and -embarked on an English vessel. His escape was due to the warning given -him by Baron de Macumer, who told him in time. [Letters of Two -Brides.] - -VALENTIN (De), head of a historic house of Auvergne, which had fallen -into poverty and obscurity; cousin of the Duc de Navarreins; came to -Paris under the monarchy, and made for himself an excellent place at -the "very heart of power." This he lost during the Revolution. Under -the Empire he bought many pieces of property given by Napoleon to his -generals; but the fall of Napoleon ruined him completely. He reared -his only son, Raphael, with great harshness, although he expected him -to restore the house to its former position. In the autumn of 1826, -six months after he had paid his creditors, he died of a broken heart. -The Valentins had on their arms: an eagle of gold in a field of sable, -crowned with silver, beak and talons with gules, with this device: -"The soul has not perished." [The Magic Skin.] - -VALENTIN (Madame de), born Barbe-Marie O'Flaharty, wife of the -preceding; heiress of a wealthy house; died young, leaving to her only -son an islet in the Loire. [The Magic Skin.] - -VALENTIN (Marquis Raphael de),[*] only son of the preceding couple, -born in 1804, and probably in Paris, where he was reared; lost his -mother when he was very young, and, after an unhappy childhood, -received on the death of his father the sum of eleven hundred and -twelve francs. On this he lived for nearly three years, boarding at -the rate of a franc per day at the Hotel de Saint-Quintin, rue des -Cordiers. He began two great works there: a comedy, which was to bring -him fame in a day, and the "Theory of the Will," a long work, like -that of Louis Lambert, meant to be a continuation of the books by -Mesmer, Lavater, Gall and Bichat. Raphael de Valentin as a doctor of -laws was destined by his father for the life of a statesman. Reduced -to extreme poverty, and deprived of his last possession, the islet in -the Loire, inherited from his mother, he was on the point of -committing suicide, in 1830, when a strange dealer in curiosities of -the Quai Voltaire, into whose shop he had entered by chance, gave him -a strange piece of shagreen, the possession of which assured him the -gratification of every desire, although his life would be shortened by -each wish. Shortly after this he was invited to a sumptuous feast at -Frederic Taillefer's. On the next morning Raphael found himself heir -to six million francs. In the autumn of 1831 he died of consumption in -the arms of Pauline Gaudin; they were mutual lovers. He tried in vain -to possess himself of her, in a supreme effort. As a millionaire, -Raphael de Valentin lived in friendship with Rastignac and Blondet, -looked after by his faithful servant, Jonathas, in a house on rue de -Varenne. At one time he was madly in love with a certain Comtesse -Foedora. Neither the waters of Aix, nor those of Mont-Dore, both of -which he tried, were able to give him back his lost health. [The Magic -Skin.] - -[*] During the year 1851, at the Ambigu-Comique, was performed a drama - by Alphonse Arnault and Louis Judicis, in which the life of - Raphael Valentin was reproduced. - -VALENTINE, given name and title of the heroine of a vaudeville play[*] -in two acts, by Scribe and Melesville, which was performed at the -Gymnase-Dramatique, January 4, 1836. This was more than twenty years -after the death of M. and Madame de Merret, whose lives and tragic -adventures were more or less vividly pictured in the play. [The Muse -of the Department.] - -[*] Madame Eugenie Savage played the principal part. - -VALLAT (Francois), deputy to the king's attorney at Ville-aux-Fayes, -Bourgogne, under the Restoration, at the time of the peasant uprising -against General de Montcornet. He was a cousin of Madame Sarcus, wife -of Sarcus the Rich. He sought promotion through Gaubertin, the mayor, -who was influential throughout the entire district. [The Peasantry.] - -VALLET, haberdasher in Soulanges, Bourgogne, during the Restoration, -at the time of General de Montcornet's struggle against the peasants. -The Vallet house was next to Socquard's Cafe de la Paix. [The -Peasantry.] - -VAL-NOBLE (Madame du). (See Gaillard, Madame Theodore.) - -VALOIS (Chevalier de), born about 1758; died, as did his friend and -fellow-countryman, the Marquis d'Esgrignon, with the legitimate -monarchy, August, 1830. This poor man passed his youth in Paris, where -he was surprised by the Revolution. He was finally a Chouan, and when -the western Whites arose in arms against the Republic, he was one of -the members of the Alencon royal committee. At the time of the -Restoration he was living in this city very modestly, but received by -the leading aristocracy of the province as a true Valois. The -chevalier carried snuff in an old gold snuffbox, ornamented with the -picture of the Princess Goritza, a Hungarian, celebrated for her -beauty, under Louis XV. He spoke only with emotion of this woman, for -whom he had battled with Lauzun. The Chevalier de Valois tried vainly -to marry the wealthy heiress of Alencon, Rose-Victoire Cormon, a -spinster, who had the misfortune to become the wife, platonically -speaking, of M. du Bousquier, the former contractor. In his lodging at -Alencon with Madame Lardot, a laundress, the chevalier had as mistress -one of the working women, Cesarine, whose child was usually attributed -to him. Cesarine was, as a result, the sole legatee of her lover. The -chevalier also took some liberties with another employe of Madame -Lardot, Suzanne, a very beautiful Norman girl, who was afterwards -known at Paris as a courtesan, under the name of Val-Noble, and who -still later married Theodore Gaillard. M. de Valois, although strongly -attached to this girl, did not allow her to defraud him. He was -intimate with Messieurs de Lenoncourt, de Navarreins, de Verneuil, de -Fontaine, de la Billardiere, de Maufrigneuse and de Chaulieu. Valois -made a living by gambling, but pretended to gain his modest livelihood -from a Maitre Bordin, in the name of a certain M. de Pombreton. [The -Chouans. Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -VANDENESSE (Marquis de), a gentleman of Tours; had by his wife four -children: Charles, who married Emilie de Fontaine, widow of -Kergarouet; Felix, who married Marie-Angelique de Granville; and two -daughters, the elder of whom was married to her cousin, the Marquis de -Listomere. The Vandenesse motto was: "Ne se vend." [The Lily of the -Valley.] - -VANDENESSE (Marquise de), born Listomere, wife of the preceding; tall, -slender, emaciated, selfish and fond of cards; "insolent, like all the -Listomeres, with whom insolence always counts as a part of the dowry." -She was the mother of four children, whom she reared harshly, keeping -them at a distance, especially her son Felix. She had something of a -weakness for her son Charles, the elder. [The Lily of the Valley.] - -VANDENESSE (Marquis Charles de), son of the preceding, born towards -the close of the eighteenth century; shone as a diplomatist under the -Bourbons; during this period was the lover of Madame Julie -d'Aiglemont, wife of General d'Aiglemont; by her he had some natural -children. With Desroches as his attorney, Vandenesse entered into a -suit with his younger brother, Comte Felix, in regard to some -financial matters. He married the wealthy widow of Kergarouet, born -Emilie de Fontaine. [A Woman of Thirty. A Start in Life. A Daughter of -Eve.] - -VANDENESSE (Marquise Charles de), born Emilie de Fontaine about 1802; -the youngest of the Comte de Fontaine's daughters; having been -overindulged as a child, her insolent bearing, a distinctive trait of -character, was made manifest at the famous ball of Cesar Birotteau, to -which she accompanied her parents. [Cesar Birotteau.] She refused Paul -de Manerville, and a number of other excellent offers, before marrying -her mother's uncle, Admiral Comte de Kergarouet. This marriage, which -she regretted later, was resolved upon during a game of cards with the -Bishop of Persepolis, as a result of the anger which she felt on -learning that M. Longueville, on whom she had centred her affections, -was only a merchant. [The Ball at Sceaux.] Madame de Kergarouet -scorned her nephew by marriage, Savinien de Portenduere, who courted -her. [Ursule Mirouet.] Having become a widow, she married the Marquis -de Vandenesse. A little later she endeavored to overthrow her -sister-in-law, the Comtesse Felix de Vandenesse, then in love with -Raoul Nathan. [A Daughter of Eve.] - -VANDENESSE (Comte Felix de), brother-in-law of the preceding, born -late in the eighteenth century, bore the title of vicomte until the -death of his father; suffered much in childhood and youth, first in -his home life, then as a pupil in a boarding-school at Tours and in -the Oratorien college at Pontlevoy. He was unhappy also at the Lepitre -school in Paris, and during his holidays spent on the Ile Saint-Louis -with one of the Listomeres, a kinswoman. Felix de Vandenesse at last -found happiness at Frapesle, a castle near Clochegourde. It was then -that his platonic liaison with Madame de Mortsauf began--a union which -occupied an important place in his life. He was, moreover, the lover -of Lady Arabelle Dudley, who called him familiarly Amedee, pronounced -"my dee." Madame de Mortsauf, having died, he was subjected to the -secret hatred of her daughter Madeleine, later Madame de -Lenoncourt-Givry-Chaulieu. About this time began his career in public -life. During the "Hundred Days" Louis XVIII. entrusted to him a -mission in Vendee. The King received him into favor, and finally -employed him as private secretary. He was also appointed master of -petitions in the State Council. Vandenesse frequently visited the -Lenoncourts. He excited admiration, mingled with envy, in the mind of -Lucien de Rubempre, who had recently arrived in Paris. Acting for the -King, he helped Cesar Birotteau. He was acquainted with the Prince de -Talleyrand, and asked of him information about Macumer, for Louise de -Chaulieu. [The Lily of the Valley. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished -Provincial at Paris. Cesar Birotteau. Letters of Two Brides.] After -his father's death, Felix de Vandenesse assumed the title of count, -and probably won a suit in regard to a land-sale against his brother, -the marquis, who had been badly served by a rascally clerk of Maitre -Desroches, Oscar Husson. [A Start in Life.] At this time, Comte Felix -de Vandenesse began a very close relationship with Natalie de -Manerville. She herself broke this off as a result of the detailed -description that he gave her of the love which he had formerly felt -for Madame de Mortsauf. [The Marriage Settlement.] The year following, -he married Angelique-Marie de Granville, elder daughter of the -celebrated magistrate of that name, and began to keep house on rue du -Rocher, where he had a house, furnished with the best of taste. At -first he was not able to gain his wife's affection, as his known -profligacy and his patronizing manners filled her with fear. She did -not go with him to the evening entertainment given by Madame d'Espard, -where he found himself with his elder brother, and where many -gossiping tongues directed their speech against Diane de Cadignan, -despite the presence of her lover, Arthez. Felix de Vandenesse went -with his wife to a rout at the home of Mademoiselle des Touches, where -Marsay told the story of his first love. The Comte and Comtesse de -Vandenesse, who, under Louis Philippe, still frequented the houses of -the Cadignans and the Montcornets, came very near having serious -trouble. Madame de Vandenesse, had foolishly fallen in love with Raoul -Nathan, but was kept from harm by her husband's skilful management. -[The Secrets of a Princess. Another Study of Woman. The Gondreville -Mystery. A Daughter of Eve.] - -VANDENESSE (Comtesse Felix de), wife of the preceding; born -Angelique-Marie de Granville in 1808; a brunette like her father. In -bearing the cruel treatment of her prejudiced mother, in the Marais -house, where she spent her youth, the Comtesse Felix was consoled by -the tender affection of a younger sister, Marie-Eugenie, later Madame -F. du Tillet. The lessons in harmony given them by Wilhelm Schmucke -afforded them some diversion. Married about 1828, and dowered -handsomely, to the detriment of Marie-Eugenie, she underwent, when -about twenty-five years old, a critical experience. Although mother of -at least one child, becoming suddenly of a romantic turn of mind, she -narrowly escaped becoming the victim of a worldly conspiracy formed -against her by Lady Dudley and by Mesdames Charles de Vandenesse and -de Manerville. Marie, moved by the strength of her passion for the -writer, Raoul Nathan, and wishing to save him from financial trouble, -appealed to the good offices of Madame de Nucingen and to the devotion -of Schmucke. The proof furnished to her by her husband of the debasing -relations and the extreme Bohemian life of Raoul, kept Madame Felix de -Vandenesse from falling. [A Second Home. A Daughter of Eve.] -Afterwards, her adventure, the dangers which she had run, and her -rupture with the poet, were all recounted by M. de Clagny, in the -presence of Madame de la Baudraye, Lousteau's mistress. [The Muse of -the Department.] - -VANDENESSE (Alfred de), son of the Marquis Charles de Vandenesse, a -coxcomb who, under the reign of Louis Philippe, at the Faubourg -Saint-Germain, compromised the reputation of the Comtesse de -Saint-Hereen, despite the presence of her mother, Madame d'Aiglemont, -the former mistress of the marquis. [A Woman of Thirty.] - -VANDIERES (General, Comte de), old, feeble and childish, when, with -his wife and a large number of soldiers, November 29, 1812, he started -on a raft to cross the Beresina. When the boat struck the other bank -the shock threw the count into the river. His head was severed from -his body by a cake of ice, and went down the river like a cannon-ball. -[Farewell.] - -VANDIERES (Comtesse Stephanie de), wife of the preceding, niece of the -alienist Doctor Fanjat; mistress of Major de Sucy, who afterwards was -a general. In 1812, during the campaign in Russia, she shared with her -husband all the dangers, and managed to cross the Beresina with her -lover's aid, although she was unable to rejoin him. She wandered for a -long time in northern or eastern Europe. Having become insane, she -could say nothing but the word "Farewell"! She was found later at -Strasbourg by the grenadier, Fleuriot. Having been taken to the -Bons-Hommes near the Isle-Adam, she was attended by Fanjat. She there -had as a companion an idiot by the name of Genevieve. In September, 1819, -Stephanie again saw Philippe de Sucy, but did not recognize him. She -died not far from Saint-Germain-en-Laye, January, 1820, soon after the -reproduction of the scene on the Beresina, arranged by her lover. Her -sudden return of reason killed her. [Farewell.] - -VANIERE, gardener to Raphael de Valentin; obtained from the well, into -which his frightened employer had thrown it, the wonderful piece of -shagreen, which no weight, no reagent, and no pounding could either -stretch or injure, and which none of the best known scientists could -explain. [The Magic Skin.] - -VANNEAULX (Monsieur and Madame des), small renters at Limoges, living -with their two children on rue des Cloches towards the end of Charles -X.'s reign. They inherited in the neighborhood of a hundred thousand -francs from Pingret, of whom Madame des Vanneaulx was the only niece. -This was after their uncle's murderer, J.-F. Tascheron, having been -urged by the Cure Bonnet, restored a large portion of the money stolen -in Faubourg Saint-Etienne. M. and Madame des Vanneaulx, who had -accused the murderer of "indelicacy," changed their opinion entirely -when he made this restitution. [The Country Parson.] - -VANNI (Elisa), a Corsican woman who, according to one Giacomo, rescued -a child, Luigi Porta, from the fearful vendetta of Bartolomeo di -Piombo. [The Vendetta.] - -VANNIER, patriot, conscript of Fougeres, Bretagne, during the autumn -of 1799 received an order to convey marching orders to the National -Guard of his city--a body of men who were destined to aid the -Seventy-second demi-brigade in its engagements with the Chouans. [The -Chouans.] - -VARESE (Emilio Memmi, Prince of), of the Cane-Memmis, born in 1797, a -member of the greater nobility, descendant of the ancient Roman family -of Memmius, received the name of Prince of Varese on the death of -Facino Cane, his relative. During the time of Austrian rule in Venice, -Memmi lived there in poverty and obscurity. In the early part of the -Restoration he was on friendly terms with Marco Vendramini, his -fellow-countryman. His poverty would not permit of his keeping more -than one servant, the gondolier, Carmagnola. For Massimilla Doni, wife -of the Duke Cataneo, he felt a passion, which was returned, and which -for a long time remained platonic, despite its ardor. He was -unfaithful to her at one time, not being able to resist the unforeseen -attractions of Clarina Tinti, a lodger in the Memmi palace, and -unrivaled prima donna at the Fenice. Finally, conquering his timidity, -and breaking with the "ideal," he rendered Massimilla Cataneo a -mother, and married her when she became a widow. Varese lived in Paris -under the reign of Louis Philippe, and, having been enriched by his -marriage, one evening at the Champs-Elysees, aided certain destitute -artists, the Gambaras, who were obliged to sing in the open air. He -asked for the story of their misfortunes, and Marianina told it to him -without bitterness. [Massimilla Doni. Gambara.] - -VARESE (Princess of), wife of the preceding, born Massimilla Doni, -about 1800, of an ancient and wealthy Florentine family of the -nobility; married, at first, the Duke Cataneo, a repulsive man who -lived in Venice at the time of Louis XVIII. She was an enthusiastic -attendant of the Fenice theatre during the winter when "Moses" and the -"Semiramide" were given by a company, in which were found Clarina -Tinti, Genovese and Carthagenova. Massimilla conceived a violent but -at first a platonic love for Emilio Memmi, Prince of Varese, married -him after Cataneo's death, following him to Paris, during the time of -Louis Philippe, where she met with him the Gambaras and helped them in -their poverty. [Massimilla Doni. Gambara.] - -VARLET, an Arcis physician, early in the nineteenth century, at the -time of the political and local quarrels of the Gondrevilles, -Cinq-Cygnes, Simeuses, Michus, and Hauteserres; had a daughter who -afterwards became Madame Grevin. [The Gondreville Mystery. The Member -for Arcis.] - -VARLET, son of the preceding, brother-in-law of Grevin; like his -father, later a physician. [The Member for Arcis.] - -VASSAL, in 1822 at Paris, third clerk of Maitre Desroches, an -advocate, by whom were employed also Marest, Husson and Godeschal. [A -Start in Life.] - -VATEL, formerly an army child, then corporal of the Voltigeurs, -became, during the Restoration, one of the three guards of -Montcornet's estate in Aigues, Bourgogne, under head-keeper Michaud; -he detected Mere Tonsard in her trespassing. He was a valuable -servant; gay as a lark, rather loose in his conduct with women, -without any religious principles, and brave unto rashness. [The -Peasantry.] - -VATINELLE (Madame), a pretty and rather loose woman of Mantes, courted -at the same time by Maitre Fraisier and the king's attorney, Olivier -Vinet; she was "kind" to the former, thereby causing his ruin; the -attorney soon found a means of compelling Fraisier, who was -representing both sides in a lawsuit, to sell his practice and leave -town. [Cousin Pons.] - -VAUCHELLES (De), maintained relations of close friendship, about 1835, -at Besancon, with Amedee de Soulas, his fellow-countryman, and -Chavoncourt, the younger, a former collegemate. Vauchelles was of -equally high birth with Soulas, and was also equally poor. He sought -the hand of Mademoiselle Victoire, Chavoncourt's eldest sister, on -whom a godmother aunt had agreed to settle an estate yielding an -income of seven thousand francs, and a hundred thousand francs in -cash, in the marriage contract. To Rosalie de Watteville's -satisfaction, he opposed Albert Savarus, the rival of the elder -Chavoncourt, in his candidacy for a seat in the Chamber of Deputies. -[Albert Savarus.] - -VAUDOYER, a peasant of Ronquerolles, Bourgogne, appointed -forest-keeper of Blangy, but discharged about 1821, in favor of Groison, -by Montcornet, at that time mayor of the commune; supported G. Rigou -and F. Gaubertin as against the new owner of Aigues. [The Peasantry.] - -VAUDREMONT (Comtesse de), born in 1787; being a wealthy widow of -twenty-two years in 1809, she was considered the most beautiful -Parisian of the day, and was known as the "Queen of Fashion." In the -month of November of the same year, she attended the great ball given -by the Malin de Gondrevilles, who were disappointed at the Emperor's -failure to appear on that occasion. Being the mistress of the Comte de -Soulanges and Martial de la Roche-Hugon, Madame de Vaudremont had -received from the former a ring taken from his wife's jewel-casket; -she made a present of it to Martial, who happening to be wearing it on -the evening of the Gondreville ball, gave it to Madame de Soulanges, -without once suspecting that he was restoring it to its lawful owner. -Madame de Vaudremont's death followed shortly after this incident, -which brought about the reconciliation of the Soulanges couple, urged -by the Duchesse de Lansac; the countess perished in the famous fire -that broke out at the Austrian embassy during the party given on the -occasion of the wedding of the Emperor and the Arch-duchess -Marie-Louise. [Domestic Peace.] The embassy was located on the part -of the rue de la Chaussee-d'Antin (at that time rue du Mont-Blanc) -comprised between the rue de la Victoire and the rue Saint-Lazare. - -VAUMERLAND (Baronne de), a friend of Madame de l'Ambermesnil's, -boarded with one of Madame Vauquer's rivals in the Marais, and -intended, as soon as her term expired, to become a patron of the -establishment on the rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve; at least, so Madame -de l'Ambermesnil declared. [Father Goriot.] - -VAUQUELIN (Nicolas-Louis), a famous chemist, and a member of the -Institute; born at Saint-Andre d'Hebertot, Calvadts, in 1763, died in -1829; son of a peasant; praised by Fourcroy; in turn, pharmacist in -Paris, mine-inspector, professor at the School of Pharmacy, the School -of Medicine, the Jardin des Plantes, and the College de France. He -gave Cesar Birotteau the formula for a cosmetic for the hands, that -the perfumer called "la double pate des Sultanes," and, being -consulted by him on the subject of "cephalic oil," he denied the -possibility of restoring a suit of hair. Nicolas Vauquelin was invited -to the perfumer's great ball, given on December 17, 1818. In -recognition of the good advice received from the scientist, Cesar -Birotteau offered him a proof, before the time of printing, on China -paper, of Muller's engraving of the Dresden Virgin, which proof had -been found in Germany after two years of searching, and cost fifteen -hundred francs. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -VAUQUER (Madame), a widow, born Conflans about 1767. She claimed to -have lost a brilliant position through a series of misfortunes, which, -by the way, she never detailed specifically. For a long time she kept -a bourgeois boarding-house on the rue Neuve-Sainte-Genevieve (now rue -Tournefort), near the rue de l'Arbalete. In 1819-1820, Madame Vauquer, -a short, stout, languid woman, but rather well preserved in spite of -being a little faded, had Horace Bianchon as table-boarder, and -furnished with board and lodging the following: on the first floor of -her house, Madame Couture and Mademoiselle Victorine Taillefer; on the -second floor, Poiret, the elder, and Jacques Collin; on the third, -Christine-Michelle Michonneau--afterwards Madame Poiret,--Joachim -Goriot; whom she looked upon as a possible husband for herself, and -Eugene de Rastignac. She was deserted by her various boarders shortly -after the arrest of Jacques Collin. [Father Goriot.] - -VAUREMONT (Princesse de), one of the most prominent figures of the -eighteenth century; grandmother of Madame Marie Gaston, who adored -her; she died in 1817, the year of Madame de Stael's death, in a -mansion belonging to the Chaulieus and situated near the Boulevard des -Invalides. Madame de Vauremont, at the time of her death, was -occupying a suite of apartments in which she was shortly afterwards -succeeded by Louise de Chaulieu (Madame Marie Gaston). Talleyrand, an -intimate friend of the princess was executor of her will. [Letters of -Two Brides.] - -VAUTHIER, commonly called Vieux-Chene, former servant of the famous -Longuy; hostler at the Ecu de France, Mortagne, in 1809; was -implicated in the affair of the Chauffeurs, and condemned to twenty -years of penal servitude, but was afterwards pardoned by the Emperor. -During the Restoration he was murdered in the streets of Paris by an -obscure and devoted countryman of the Chevalier du Vissard. [The Seamy -Side of History.] - -VAUTHIER (Madame), originally, in 1809, kitchen-girl in the household -of the Prince de Wissembourg, on the rue Louis-le-Grand; then cook to -Barbet, the publisher, owner of a lodging-house on the Boulevard -Montparnasse; still later, about 1833, she managed this establishment -for him, serving the same time as door-keeper in the house mentioned. -At that time Madame Vauthier employed Nepomucene and Felicite for the -house-work; as lodgers she had Bourlac, Vanda and Auguste Mergi, and -Godefroid. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -VAUTRIN,[*] the most famous of Jacques Collin's assumed names. - -[*] On March 14, 1840, a Parisian theatre, the Porte-Saint-Martin, - presented a play in which the famous convict was a principal - character. Although Frederic Lemaitre took the leading role, the - play was presented only once. In April, 1868, however, the - Ambigu-Comique revived it, with Frederic Lemaitre again in the - leading role. - -VAUVINET, born about 1817, a money-lender of Paris, was of the elegant -modern type, altogether different from Chaboisseau-Gobseck; he made -the Boulevard des Italiens the centre of his operations; was a -creditor of the Baron Hulot, first in the sum of seventy thousand -francs; and then in an additional sum of forty thousand, really lent -by Nucingen. [Cousin Betty.] In 1845, Leon de Lora and J.-J. Bixiou -called S.-P. Gazonal's attention to him. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -VAVASSEUR, clerk in the Treasury Department, during the Empire, in -Clergeot's division. He was succeeded by E.-L.-L.-E.-Cochin. [The -Government Clerks.] - -VEDIE (La), born in 1756, a homely spinster, her face being pitted -with small-pox; a relative of La Cognette, a distinguished cook; on -the recommendation of Flore Brazier and Maxence Gilet, she was -employed as cook by J.-J. Rouget, after the death of a curate, whom -she had served long, and who died without leaving her anything. She -was to receive a pension of three hundred livres a year, after ten -years of competent, faithful and loyal service. [A Bachelor's -Establishment.] - -VENDRAMINI (Marco), whose name is also pronounced Vendramin;[*] -probably a descendant of the last Doge of Venice; brother of Bianca -Sagredo, born Vendramini; a Venetian patriot; an intimate friend of -Memmi-Cane, Prince of Varese. In the intoxication caused by opium, his -great resource about 1820, Marco Vendramini dreamed that his dear -city, then under Austrian dominion, was free and powerful once more. -He talked with Memmi of the Venice of his dreams, and of the famous -Procurator Florain, now in the modern Greek, now in their native -tongue; sometimes as they walked together, sometimes before La Vulpato -and the Cataneos, during a presentation of "Semiramide," "Il -Barbiere," or "Moses," as interpreted by La Tinti and Genovese. -Vendramini died from excessive use of opium, at quite an early age, -during the reign of Louis XVIII., and was greatly mourned by his -friends. [Facino Cane. Massimilla Doni.] - -[*] The palace in Venice formerly owned by the Duchesse de Berri and - the Comte de Chambord, in which Wagner, the musician, died, is - even now called the Vendramin Palace. It is on the Grand-Canal, - quite near the Justiniani Palace (now the Hotel de-l'Europe.) - -VERGNIAUD (Louis), who made the Egyptian campaign with Hyacinthe -Chabert and Luigi Porta, was quartermaster of hussars when he left the -service. During the Restoration he was, in turn, cow-keeper on the rue -du Petit-Banquier, keeper of a livery-stable, and cabman. As -cow-keeper, Vergniaud, having a wife and three sons, being in debt to -Grados, and giving too generously to Chabert, ended in insolvency; -even then he aided Luigi Porta, again in trouble, and was his witness -when that Corsican married Mademoiselle di Piombo. Louis Vergniaud, -being a party to the conspiracies against Louis XVIII., was imprisoned -for his share in these crimes. [Colonel Chabert. The Vendetta.] - -VERMANTON, a cynic philosopher, and a habitue of Madame Schontz's -salon, between 1835 and 1840, when she was keeping house with Arthur -de Rochefide. [Beatrix.] - -VERMICHEL, common nick-name of Vert (Michel-Jean-Jerome.) - -VERMUT, a druggist of Soulanges, in Bourgogne, during the Restoration; -brother-in-law of Sarcus, the Soulanges justice of the peace, who had -married his eldest sister. Though quite a distinguished chemist, -Vermut was the object of the pleasantries and contemptuous remarks of -the Soudry salon, especially at the hands of the Gourdons. Despite the -slight esteem "of the first society of Soulanges," Vermut gave -evidence of ability, when he disturbed Madame Pigeron by finding -traces of poison in the body of her dead husband. [The Peasantry.] - -VERMUT (Madame), wife of the preceding; life and soul of the salon of -Madame Soudry, who, however, declared that she was "bad form," and -reproached her for flirting with Gourdon, author of "La Bilboqueide." -[The Peasantry.] - -VERNAL (Abbe), one of the four Vendean leaders, in 1799, when -Montauran was opposing Hulot, the other three being Chatillon, -Suzannet, and the Comte de Fontaine. [The Chouans.] - -VERNET (Joseph), born in 1714, died in 1789, a famous French artist; -patronized the Cat and Racket, a drapery establishment on the rue -Saint-Denis, of which M. Guillaume, father-in-law of Sommervieux, was -proprietor. [At the Sign of the Cat and Racket.] - -VERNEUIL (Marquis de), member of a historic family, and probably an -ancestor of the Verneuils of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. -In 1591, he was on intimate terms, with the Norman Comte d'Herouville, -ancestor of the keeper of Josepha Mirah, star of the Royal Academy of -Music, about 1838. The relations between the two families continued -unbroken through the centuries. [The Hated Son.] - -VERNEUIL (Victor-Amedee, Duc de), probably descended from the -preceding, died before the Revolution; by Mademoiselle Blanche de -Casteran, he had a daughter, Marie-Nathalie--afterwards Madame -Alphonse de Montauran. He acknowledged his natural daughter at the -close of his life, and almost disinherited his legitimate son in her -favor. [The Chouans.] - -VERNEUIL (Mademoiselle de), probably a relative of the preceding; -sister of the Prince de Loudon, the Vendean cavalry general; she went -to Mans to save her brother, and died on the scaffold in 1793, after -the Savenay affair. [The Chouans.] - -VERNEUIL (Duc de), son of the Duc Victor-Amedee de Verneuil, and -brother of Madame Alphonse de Montauran, with whom he had a lawsuit -over the inheritance left by their father; during the Restoration he -lived in the town of Alencon and was on intimate terms with the -D'Esgrignons of that place. He took Victurnien d'Esgrignon under his -protection, and introduced him to Louis XVIII. [The Chouans. -Jealousies of a Country Town.] - -VERNEUIL (Duc de), of the family of the preceding, was present at the -entertainment given by Josepha Mirah, the mistress of the Duc -d'Herouville, when she opened her sumptuous suite of apartments on the -rue de la Ville-l'Eveque, Paris, in Louis Philippe's reign. [Cousin -Betty.] - -VERNEUIL (Duc de), a good-natured great nobleman, son-in-law of a -wealthy first president of a royal court, who died in 1800; he was the -father of four children, among them being Mademoiselle Laure and the -Prince Gaspard de Loudon; owned the historic chateau of Rosembray, in -the vicinity of Havre, and close by the forest of Brotonne; there he -received, one day in October, 1829, the Mignon de la Basties, -accompanied by the Herouvilles, Canalis, and Ernest de la Briere, all -of whom were at that time desirous to marry Modeste Mignon, soon to -become Madame de la Briere de la Bastie. [Modeste Mignon.] - -VERNEUIL (Duchesse Hortense de), wife of the preceding, a haughty and -pious personage, daughter of a wealthy first president of a royal -court, who died in 1800. Of her four children, only two lived--her -daughter Laure and the Prince Gaspard de Loudon; she was on very -intimate terms with the Herouvilles, and especially with the elderly -Mademoiselle d'Herouville, and received a visit from them, one day in -October, 1829, with the Mignon de la Basties, followed by Melchior de -Canalis and Ernest de la Briere. [Modeste Mignon.] - -VERNEUIL (Laure de), daughter of the preceding couple. At the -entertainment at Rosembray in October, 1829, Eleonore de Chaulieu gave -her advice on the subject of tapestry and embroidery. [Modeste -Mignon.] - -VERNEUIL (Duchesse de), sister of the Prince de Blamont-Chauvry; an -intimate friend of the Duchesse de Bourbon, sorely tried by the -disasters of the Revolution; aunt and, in a way, mother by adoption of -Blanche-Henriette de Mortsauf (born Lenoncourt). She belonged to a -society of which Saint-Martin was the soul. The Duchesse de Verneuil, -who owned the Clochegourde estate in Touraine, gave it, in her -lifetime, to Madame de Mortsauf, reserving for herself only one room -of the mansion. Madame de Verneuil died in the early part of the -nineteenth century. [The Lily of the Valley.] - -VERNEUIL (Marie-Nathalie de).[*] (See Montauran, Marquise Alphonse -de.) - -[*] On June 23, 1837, under the title of _Le Gars_, the Ambigu-Comique - presented a drama of Antony Beraud's in five acts and six - tableaux, which was a modified reproduction of the adventures of - Marie-Nathalie de Montauran. - -VERNIER (Baron), intendant-general, under obligations to Hector Hulot -d'Ervy, whom he met, in 1843, at the Ambigu theatre, as escort of a -gloriously handsome woman. He afterwards received a visit from the -Baronne Adeline Hulot, coming for information. [Cousin Betty.] - -VERNIER, formerly a dyer, who lived on his income at Vouvray -(Touraine), about 1821; a cunning countryman, father of a marriageable -daughter named Claire; was challenged by Felix Gaudissart in 1831, for -having played a practical joke on that illustrious traveling merchant, -and fought a bloodless pistol duel. [Gaudissart the Great.] - -VERNIER (Madame), wife of the preceding, a stout little woman, of -robust health; a friend of Madame Margaritis; she gladly contributed -her share to the mystification of Gaudissart as conceived by her -husband. [Gaudissart the Great.] - -VERNISSET (Victore de), a poet of the "Angelic School," at the head of -which stood Canalis, the academician; a contemporary of Beranger, -Delavigne, Lamartine, Lousteau, Nathan, Vigny, Hugo, Barbier, Marie -Gaston and Gautier, he moved in various Parisian circles; he was seen -at the Brothers of Consolation on the rue Chanoinesse, and he received -pecuniary assistance from the Baronne de la Chanterie, president of -the above-mentioned association; he was to be found, with Heloise -Brisetout, on the rue Chauchat, at the time of her house-warming in -the apartments in which she succeeded Josepha Mirah; there he met -J.-J. Bixiou, Leon de Lora, Etienne Lousteau and Stidmann; he fell -madly in love with Madame Schontz. He was invited to the marriage of -Celestin Crevel and Valerie Marneffe. [The Seamy Side of History. -Beatrix. Cousin Betty.] - -VERNON (Marechal) father of the Duc de Vissembourg and the Prince -Chiavari. [Beatrix.] - -VERNOU (Felicien), a Parisian journalist. He used his influence in -starting Marie Godeschal, usually called Mariette, at the Porte -Saint-Martin. The husband of an ugly, vulgar, and crabbed woman, he had -by her children that were by no means welcome. He lived in wretched -lodgings on the rue Mandar, when Lucien de Rubempre was presented to -him. Vernou was a caustic critic on the side of the oppositon. The -uncongeniality of his domestic life embittered his character and his -genius. He was a finished specimen of the envious man, and pursued -Lucien de Rubempre with an alert and malicious jealousy. [A Bachelor's -Establishment. Lost Illusions. A Distinguished Provincial at Paris. -Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] In 1834, Blondet recommended him to -Nathan as a "Handy Andy" for a newspaper. [A Daughter of Eve.] -Celestin Crevel invited him to his marriage with Valerie Marneffe. -[Cousin Betty.] - -VERNOU (Madame Felicien), wife of the preceding, whose vulgarity was -one of the causes of her husband's bitterness, revealed herself in her -true light to Lucien de Rubempre, when she mentioned a certain Madame -Mahoudeau as one of her friends. [A Distinguished Provincial at -Paris.] - -VERT (Michel-Jean-Jerome), nick-named Vermichel, formerly violinist in -the Bourgogne regiment, was occupied, during the Restoration, with the -various callings of fiddler, door-keeper of the Hotel de Ville, -drum-beater of Soulanges, jailer of the local prison, and finally -bailiff's deputy in the service of Brunet. He was intimate friend of -Fourchon, with whom he was in the habit of getting on sprees, and whose -hatred for the Montcornets, owners of Aigues, he shared. [The Peasantry.] - -VERT (Madame Michel), wife of the preceding, commonly called -Vermichel, as was the case with her husband; a mustached virago, a -metre in width, and of two hundred and forty pounds weight, but active -in spite of this; she ruled her husband absolutely. [The Peasantry.] - -VERVELLE (Antenor), an eccentric bourgeois of Paris, made his fortune -in the cork business. Retiring from the trade, Vervelle became, in his -own way, an amateur artist; wished to form a gallery of paintings, and -believed that he was collecting Flemish specimens, works of Tenier, -Metzu, and Rembrandt; employed Elie Magus to form the collection, and, -with that Jew as go-between, married his daughter Virginie to Pierre -Grassou. Vervelle, at that time, was living in a house of his own on -the rue Boucherat, a part of the rue Saint-Louis (now rue de Turenne), -near the rue Charlot. He also owned a cottage at Ville-d'Avray, in -which the famous Flemish collection was stored--pictures really -painted by Pierre Grassou. [Pierre Grassou.] - -VERVELLE (Madame Antenor), wife of the preceding, gladly accepted -Pierre Grassou for a son-in-law, as soon as she found out that Maitre -Cardot was his notary. Madame Vervelle, however, was horrified at the -idea of Joseph Bridau's bursting in Pierre's studio, and "touching up" -the portrait of Mademoiselle Virginie, afterwards Madame Grassou. -[Pierre Grassou.] - -VERVELLE (Virginie). (See Grassou, Madame Pierre.) - -VEZE (Abbe de), a priest of Mortagne, during the Empire, administered -the last sacrament to Madame Bryond des Tours-Minieres just before her -execution in 1810; he was afterwards one of the Brothers of -Consolation, installed in the home of the Baronne de la Chanterie on -the rue Chanoinesse, Paris. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -VIALLET, an excellent gendarme, appointed brigadier at Soulanges, -Bourgogne; replaced Soudry, retired. [The Peasantry.] - -VICTOIRE, in 1819, a servant of Charles Claparon, a banker on the rue -de Provence, Paris; "a real Leonarde bedizened like a fish-huckster." -[Cesar Birotteau.] - -VICTOR, otherwise known as the Parisian, a mysterious personage who -lived in marital relations with the Marquis d'Aiglemont's eldest -daughter, and made her the mother of several children. Victor, while -dodging the pursuit of the police, who were on his track for the -murder of Mauny, had found refuge for two hours in Versailles, on -Christmas night of one of the last years of the Restoration, in a -house near the Barriere de Montreuil (57, Avenue de Paris), with the -parents of Helene d'Aiglemont, the last named of whom fled with him. -During Louis Philippe's reign, Victor was captain of the "Othello," a -Colombian pirate, and lived very happily with his family--Mademoiselle -d'Aiglemont and the children he had by her. He met with General -d'Aiglemont, his mistress's father, who was at that time a passenger -on board the "Saint-Ferdinand," and saved his life. Victor perished at -sea in a shipwreck. [A Woman of Thirty.] - -VICTORINE, a celebrated seamstress of Paris, had among her customers -the Duchesse Cataneo, Louise de Chaulieu, and, probably, Madame de -Bargeton. [Massimilla Doni. Lost Illusions. Letters of Two Brides.] -Her successors assumed and handed down her name; Victorine IV.'s -"intelligent scissors" were praised in the latter part of Louis -Philippe's reign, when Fritot sold Mistress Noswell the Selim shawl. -[Gaudissart II.] - -VIDAL & PORCHON, book-sellers on commission, Quai des Augustins, -Paris, in 1821. Lucien de Rubempre had an opportunity to judge of -their method of doing business, when his "Archer of Charles IX." and a -volume of poems were brutally refused by them. Vidal & Porchon had in -stock at that time the works of Keratry, Arlincourt, and Victor -Ducange. Vidal was a stout, blunt man, who traveled for the firm. -Porchon, colder and more diplomatic, seemed to have special charge of -negotiations. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -VIEN (Joseph-Marie), a celebrated painter, born at Montpellier in -1716, died at Rome in 1809. In 1758, with Allegrain and Loutherbourg, -he aided his friend Sarrasine in abducting Zambinella, with a view to -taking him to the apartments of the sculptor, who was madly in love -with the eunuch, believing him to be a woman. At a later period, Vien -made for Madame de Lantry a copy of the statue modeled by Sarrasine -after Zambinella, and it was from this picture of Vien's that Girodet, -the signer of "Endymion," received his inspiration. This statue of -Sarrasine's was, long afterwards, reproduced by the sculptor -Dorlange-Sallenauve. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] - -VIEUX-CHAPEAU, a soldier in the Seventy-second demi-brigade; was -killed in an engagement with the Chouans, in September, 1799. [The -Chouans.] - -VIGNEAU, of the commune of Isere, of which Benassis was creator, so to -speak; he courageously took charge of an abandoned tile-factory, made -a successful business of it, and lived with his family around him, -which consisted of his mother, his mother-in-law, and his wife, who -had formerly been in the service of the Graviers of Grenoble. [The -Country Doctor.] - -VIGNEAU (Madame), wife of the preceding, a perfect housekeeper; she -received Genestas cordially, when brought to call by Benassis; Madame -Vigneau was then on the point of becoming a mother. [The Country -Doctor.] - -VIGNOL (See Bouffe.) - -VIGNON (Claude), a French critic, born in 1799, brought a remarkable -power of analysis to the study of all questions of art, literature, -philosophy, or political problems. A clear, deep, and unerring judge -of men, a strong psychologist, he was famous in Paris as early as -1821, and was present, at the apartments of Florine, then acting at -the Panorama-Dramatique, at the supper following the presentation of -the "Alcade dans l'Embarras," and had a brilliant conversation on the -subject of the press with Emile Blondet, in the presence of a German -diplomatist. [A Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] In 1834, Claude -Vignon was entrusted with the haute critique of the newspaper founded -by Raoul Nathan. [A Daughter of Eve.] For quite a period Vignon had -Felicite des Touches (Camille Maupin) as his mistress. In 1836, he -brought her back from Italy, accompanied by Lora, when he heard the -story of the domestic difficulties of the Bauvans from Maurice de -l'Hostal, French consul at Genoa. [Honorine.] Again, in 1836, at Les -Touches, Vignon, on the point of giving up Camille Maupin, delivered -to his former mistress a veritable dissertation, of surprising -insight, on the subject of the heart, with reference to Calyste du -Guenic, Gennaro Conti, and Beatrix de Rochefide. Such intimate -knowledge of the human heart had gradually saddened and wearied him; -he sought relief for his ennui in debauchery; he paid attention to La -Schontz, really a courtesan of superior stamp, and moulded her. -[Beatrix.] Afterwards, he became ambitious, and was secretary to -Cottin de Wissembourg, minister of war; this position brought him into -contact with Valerie Marneffe, whom he secretly loved; he, Stidmann, -Steinbock, and Massol, were witnesses of her marriage to Crevel, this -being the second time she had been led to the altar. He was counted -among the habitues of Valerie's salon, when "Jean-Jacques Bixiou was -going . . . to cozen Lisbeth Fischer." [Cousin Betty.] He rallied to -the support of Louis Philippe, and as editor of the Journal des -Debats, and master of requests in the Council of State, he gave his -attention to the lawsuit pending between S.-P. Gazonal and the prefect -of the Pyrenees-Orientales; a position as librarian, a chair at the -Sorbonne, and the decoration bore further testimony to the favor that -he enjoyed. [The Unconscious Humorists.] Vignon's reputation remained -undiminished, and, even in our own time, Madame Noemi Rouvier, -sculptor and novelist, signs the critic's name to her works. - -VIGOR, manager of the post-station at Ville-aux-Fayes, during the -Restoration; officer in the National Guard of that sub-prefecture of -Bourgogne; brother-in-law of Leclercq, the banker, whose sister he had -married. [The Peasantry.] - -VIGOR, son of the preceding, and, like the rest of his family, -interested in protecting Francois Gaubertin from Montcornet; he was -deputy judge of the court of Ville-aux-Fayes in 1823. [The Peasantry.] - -VILLEMOT, head-clerk of Tabareau, the bailiff, was entrusted, in -April, 1845, with the work of superintending the details of the -interment of Sylvain Pons, and also to look after the interests of -Schmucke, who had been appointed residuary legatee by the deceased. -Villemot was entirely under the influence of Fraisier, business agent -of the Camusot de Marvilles. [Cousin Pons.] - -VILLENOIX (Salomon de), son of a wealthy Jew named Salomon, who in his -old age had married a Catholic. Brought up in his mother's religion; -he raised the Villenoix estate to a barony. [Louis Lambert.] - -VILLENOIX (Pauline Salomon de), born about 1800; natural daughter of -the preceding. During the Restoration, she was made to feel her -origin. Her character and her superiority made her an object of envy -in her provincial circle. Her meeting with Louis Lambert at Blois was -the turning point in her life. Community of age, country, -disappointments, and pride of spirit brought them in touch--a -reciprocated passion was the result. Mademoiselle Salomon de Villenoix -was going to marry Lambert, when the scholar's terrible mental malady -asserted itself. She was frequently able to avert the sick man's -paroxysms; she nursed him, advised him, and guided him, notably at -Croisic, where at her suggestion Lambert related in letter-form the -tragic misfortunes of the Cambremers, which he had just learned. On -her return to Villenoix, Pauline took her fiance with her where she -noted down and understood his last thoughts, sublime in their -incoherence; he died in her arms, and from that time forth she -considered herself the widow of Louis Lambert, whom she had buried in -one of the islands of the lake park at Villenoix. [Louis Lambert. A -Seaside Tragedy.] Two years later, being sensibly aged, and living in -almost total retirement from the world at the town of Tours, but full -of sympathy for weak mortals, Pauline de Villenoix protected the Abbe -Francois Birotteau, the victim of Troubert's hatred. [The Vicar of -Tours.] - -VILQUIN, the richest ship-owner of Havre, during the Restoration, -purchased the estates of the bankrupt Charles Mignon, with the -exception of a chalet given by Mignon to Dumay; this dwelling, being -in close proximity to the millionaire's superb villa, and being -occupied by the families of Mignon and Dumay, was the despair of -Vilquin, Dumay obstinately refusing to sell it. [Modeste Mignon.] - -VILQUIN (Madame), wife of the preceding, had G.-C. d'Estourny as -lover, previous to his amour with Bettina-Caroline Mignon; by her -husband she had three children, two of whom were girls. The eldest of -these, being richly endowed, was eventually Madame Francisque Althor. -[Modeste Mignon.] - -VIMEUX, in 1824, an unassuming justice of the peace in a department of -the North, rebuked his son Adolphe for the kind of life he was leading -in Paris. [The Government Clerks.] - -VIMEUX (Adolphe), son of the preceding, in 1824, was copyist emeritus -in Xavier Rabourdin's bureau in the Finance Department. A great dandy, -he thought only of his dress, and was satisfied with meagre fare at -the Katcomb's restaurant; he became a debtor of Antoine, the messenger -boy; secretly his ambition was to marry a rich old lady. [The -Government Clerks.] - -VINET had a painful career to start with; a disappointment crossed his -path at the very outset. He had seduced a Mademoiselle de Chargeboeuf, -and he supposed that her parents would acknowledge him as son-in-law, -and endow their daughter richly; so he married her, but her family -disowned her, and he therefore had to rely on himself entirely. As an -attorney at Provins, Vinet made his mark by degrees; as head of the -local opposition, with the aid of Goraud, he succeeded in making use -of Denis Rogron, a wealthy retired merchant, established the "Courrier -de Provins," a Liberalist paper, adroitly defended the Rogrons against -the charge of killing Pierrette Lorrain by slow degrees, was elected -to the Chamber of Deputies about 1830, and became also -attorney-general, and probably minister of justice. [Pierrette. The -Member for Arcis. The Middle Classes. Cousin Pons.] - -VINET (Madame), wife of the preceding, born Chargeboeuf, and therefore -one of the descendants of the "noble family of La Brie, a name derived -from the exploit of a knight in the expedition of Saint-Louis," was -mother of two children, who suffered for her happiness. Absolutely -controlled by her husband, rejected and sacrificed by her family from -the time of her marriage, Madame Vinet scarcely dared in the Rogrons' -salon to speak in defence of Pierrette Lorrain, their victim. -[Pierrette.] - -VINET (Olivier), son of the preceding couple, born in 1816. A -magistrate, like his father, began his career as deputy king's -attorney at Arcis, advanced to the position of king's attorney in the -town of Mantes, and, still further, was deputy king's attorney, but -now in Paris. Supported by his father's influence, and being noted for -his independent raillery, Vinet was dreaded everywhere. Among the -people of Arcis, he mixed only with the little coterie of government -officials, composed of Goulard, Michu, and Marest. [The Member for -Arcis.] Being a rival of Maitre Fraisier in the affections of Madame -Vatinelle of Mantes, he resolved to destroy this contestant in the -race, and so thwarted his career. [Cousin Pons.] At the Thuilliers', -on the rue Saint-Dominique-d'Enfer, Paris, where he displayed his -usual impertinence, Vinet was an aspirant to the hand of Celeste -Colleville, the heiress, who was eventually Madame Felix Phellion. -[The Middle Classes.] - -VIOLETTE, a husbandman, tenanted in the department of Aube, near -Arcis, the Grouage farm, that was a part of the Gondreville estate, at -the time that Peyrade and Corentin, in accordance with Fouche's -instructions, undertook the singular abduction of Senator Malin de -Gondreville. A miserly and deceitful man, this fellow Violette -secretly aided with Malin de Gondreville and the powers of the day -against Michu, the mysterious agent of the Cinq-Cygne, Hauteserre, and -Simeuse families. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - -VIOLETTE (Jean), a descendant of the preceding; hosier of Arcis in -1837; took in hand Pigoult's business, as successor to Phileas -Beauvisage. In the electoral stir of 1839, Jean Violette seemed to be -entirely at the disposal of the Gondreville faction. [The Member for -Arcis.] - -VIRGINIE, cook in the household of Cesar Birotteau, the perfumer, in -1818. [Cesar Birotteau.] - -VIRGINIE, during the years 1835-1836, lady's maid, on the rue -Neuve-des-Mathurins (at present rue des Mathurins), Paris, to -Marie-Eugenie du Tillet, who was at that time engrossed in righting -the imprudent conduct of Angelique-Marie de Vandenesse. [A Daughter -of Eve.] - -VIRGINIE, mistress of a Provencal soldier, who, at a later period, -during Bonaparte's campaign in Egypt, was lost for some time in a -desert, where he lived with a female panther. The jealous mistress was -constantly threatening to stab her lover, and he dubbed her Mignonne, -by antiphrasis; in memory of her he gave the same name to the panther. -[A Passion in the Desert.] - -VIRGINIE, a Parisian milliner, whose hats were praised, for a -consideration, by Andoche Finot in his newspaper in 1821. [A -Distinguished Provincial at Paris.] - -VIRLAZ, a rich furrier of Leipsic, from whom his nephew, Frederic -Brunner, inherited, about the middle of Louis-Philippe's reign. In his -lifetime this Jew, head of the house of Virlaz & Co., had the fortune -of Madame Brunner (first of the name) placed in the coffers of the -Al-Sartchild bank. [Cousin Pons.] - -VISSARD (Marquis du), in memory of his younger brother, the Chevalier -Rifoel du Vissard, was created a peer of France by Louis XVIII., who -entered him as a lieutenant in the Maison-Rouge, and made him a -prefect upon the dissolution of the Maison-Rouge. [The Seamy Side of -History.] - -VISSARD (Charles-Amedee-Louis-Joseph Rifoel, Chevalier du), noble and -headstrong gentleman; played an important part, after 1789, in the -various anti-revolutionary insurrections of western France. In -December, 1799, he was at the Vivetiere, and his impulsiveness was a -contrast with the coolness of Marquis Alphonse de Montauran, also -called Le Gars. [The Chouans.] He took part in the battle of Quiberon, -and, in company with Boislaurier, took a leading part in the uprising -of the Chauffeurs of Mortagne. Several circumstances, indeed, helped -to strengthen his Royalist inclinations. Fergus found in Henriette -Bryond des Tours-Minieres (Contenson, the spy), who secretly betrayed -him. Like his accomplices, Rifoel du Vissard was executed in 1809. At -times during his anti-revolutionary campaigns he assumed the name of -Pierrot. [The Seamy Side of History.] - -VISSEMBOURG (Duc de), son of Marechal Vernon; brother of the Prince de -Chiavari; between 1835 and 1840 presided over a horticultural society, -the vice-president of which was Fabien du Ronceret. [Beatrix.] - -VITAGLIANI, tenor at the Argentina, Rome, when Zambinella took the -soprano parts in 1758. Vitagliani was acquainted with J.-E. Sarrasine. -[Sarrasine.] - -VITAL, born about 1810, a Parisian hatter, who succeeded Finot Pere, -whose store on rue du Coq was very popular about 1845, and deservedly -so, apparently. He amused J.-J. Bixiou and Leon de Lora by his -ridiculous pretensions. They wished him to supply S.-P. Gazonal with -a hat, and he proposed to sell him a hat like that of Lousteau. On -this occasion Vital showed them the head-covering that he had devised -for Claude Vignon, who was undecided in politics. Vital really -pretended to make each hat according to the personality of the person -ordering it. He praised the Prince de Bethune's hat and dreamed of the -time when high hats would go out of style. [The Unconscious -Humorists.] - -VITAL (Madame), wife of the preceding, believed in her husband's -genius and greatness. She was in the store when the hatter received a -call from Bixiou, Lora and Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - -VITEL, born in 1776, Paris justice of the peace in 1845, an -acquaintance of Doctor Poulain; was succeeded by Maitre Fraisier, a -protege of the Camusot de Marvilles. [Cousin Pons.] - -VITELOT, partner of Sonet, the marble-cutter; designed tombstones. He -failed to obtain the contract for monuments to Marsay, the minister, -and to Keller, the officer. It was given to Stidmann. The plans made -by Vitelot having been retouched, were submitted to Wilhelm Schmucke -for the grave of Sylvain Pons, who was buried in Pere-Lachaise. -[Cousin Pons.] - -VITELOT (Madame), wife of the preceding, severely rebuked an agent of -the firm for bringing in as a customer W. Schmucke, heir-contestant to -the Pons property. [Cousin Pons.] - -VIVET (Madeleine), servant to the Camusot de Marvilles; during nearly -twenty-five years was their feminine Maitre-Jacques. She tried in vain -to gain Sylvain Pons for a husband, and thus to become their cousin. -Madeleine Vivet, having failed in her matrimonial attempts, took a -dislike for Pons, and persecuted him in a thousand ways. [Scenes from -a Courtesan's Life. Cousin Pons.] - -VOLFGANG,[*] cashier of Baron du Saint-Empire, F. de Nucingen, when -this well-known Parisian banker of rue Saint-Lazare fell madly in love -with Esther van Gobseck, and when Jacques Falleix's discomfiture -occurred. [Scenes from a Courtesan's Life.] - -[*] He lived on rue de L'Arcade, near rue des Mathurins, Paris. - -VORDAC (Marquise de), born in 1769, mistress of the rich Lord Dudley; -she had by him a son, Henry. To legitimize this child she arranged a -marriage with Marsay, a bankrupt old gentleman of tarnished -reputation. He demanded payment of the interest on a hundred thousand -francs as a reward for his marriage, and he died without having known -his wife. The widow of Marsay became by her second marriage the -well-known Marquise de Vordac. She neglected her duties as mother -until late in life, and paid no attention to Henri de Marsay except -to propose Miss Stevens as a suitable wife for him. [The Thirteen.] - -VULPATO (La), noble Venetian, very frequently present in Fenice; about -1820 tried to interest Emilio Memmi, Prince of Varese, and Massimilla -Doni, Duchesse Cataneo, in each other. [Massimilla Doni.] - -VYDER, anagram formed from d'Ervy, and one of the three names taken -successively by Baron Hector Hulot d'Ervy, after deserting his wife. -He hid under this assumed name, when he became a petition-writer in -Paris, in the lower part of Petite Pologne, opposite rue de la -Pepiniere, on Passage du Soleil, to-day called Galerie de Cherbourg. -[Cousin Betty.] - - - - W - -WADMANN, an Englishman who owned, near the Marville estate in -Normandie, a cottage and pasture-lands, which Madame Camusot de -Marville talked of buying in 1845, when he was about to leave for -England after twenty years' sojourn in France. [Cousin Pons.] - -WAHLENFER or WALHENFER, wealthy German merchant who was murdered at -the "Red Inn," near Andenach, Rhenish Prussia, October, 1799. The deed -was done by Jean-Frederic Taillefer, then a surgeon and -under-assistant-major in the French army, who suffered his comrade, -Prosper Magnan, to be executed for the crime. Wahlenfer was a short, -heavy-set man of rotund appearance, with frank and cordial manners. He -was proprietor of a large pin-manufactory on the outskirts of Neuwied. -He was from Aix-la-Chapelle. Possibly Wahlenfer was an assumed name. -[The Red Inn.] - -WALLENROD-TUSTALL-BARTENSTILD (Baron de), born in 1742, banker at -Frankfort-on-the-Main; married in 1804, his only daughter, Bettina, to -Charles Mignon de la Bastie, then only a lieutenant in the French -army; died in 1814, following some disastrous speculations in cotton. -[Modeste Mignon.] - -WATSCHILDINE, a London firm which did business with F. de Nucingen, -the banker. On a dark autumn evening in 1821, the cashier, Rodolphe -Castanier, was surprised by the satanic John Melmoth, while he was in -the act of forging the name of his employer on some letters of credit -drawn on the Watschildine establishment. [Melmoth Reconciled.] - -WATTEBLED, grocer in Soulanges, Bourgogne, in 1823; father of the -beautiful Madame Plissoud; was in middle class society; kept a store -on the first floor of a house belonging to Soudry, the mayor. [The -Peasantry.] - -WATTEVILLE (Baron de), Besancon gentleman of Swiss descent; last -descendant of the well known Dom Jean de Watteville, the renegade Abbe -of Baumes (1613-1703); small and very thin, rather deficient mentally; -spent his life in a cabinet-maker's establishment "enjoying utter -ignorance"; collected shells and geological specimens; usually in good -humor. After living in the Comte, "like a bug in a rug," in 1815 he -married Clotilde-Louise de Rupt, who domineered over him completely. -As soon as her parents died, about 1819, he lived with her in the -beautiful Rupt house on rue de la Prefecture, a piece of property -which included a large garden extending along the rue du Perron. By -his wife, the Baron de Watteville had one daughter, whom he loved -devotedly, so much, indeed, that he lost all authority over her. M. de -Watteville died in 1836, as a result of his fall into the lake on his -estate of Rouxey, near Besancon. He was buried on an islet in this -same lake, and his wife, making great show of her sorrow, had erected -thereon a Gothic monument of marble like the one to Heloise and -Abelard in the Pere-Lachaise. [Albert Savarus.] - -WATTEVILLE (Baronne de), wife of the preceding, and after his death of -Amedee de Soulas. (See Soulas, Madame A. de.) - -WATTEVILLE (Rosalie de), only daughter of the preceding couple; born -in 1816; a blonde with colorless cheeks and pale-blue eyes; slender -and frail of body; resembled one of Albert Durer's saints. Reared -under her mother's stern oversight, accustomed to the most rigid -religious observances, kept in ignorance of all worldly matters, she -entirely concealed uner her modesty of manner and retiring disposition -her iron character, and her romantic audacity, so like that of her -great-uncle, the Abbe de Watteville; and which was increased by the -resoluteness and pride of the Rupt blood; although destined to marry -Amedee de Soulas, "la fleur de pois"[*] of Besancon, she became -enamoured of the attorney, Albert Savaron de Savarus. By successfully -carrying out her schemes she separated him from the Duchesse -d'Argaiolo, although these two were mutually in love--a separation -which caused Savarus great despair. He never knew of Rosalie's -affection for him, and withdrew to the Grande Chartreuse. Mademoiselle -de Watteville then lived for some time in Paris with her mother, who -was then the wife of Amedee de Soulas. She tried to see the Duchesse -d'Argaiolo, who, believing Savarus faithless, had given her hand to -the Duc de Rhetore. In February, 1838, on meeting her at a charity -ball given for the benefit of the former civil pensioners, Rosalie -made an appointment with her for the Opera ball, when she told her -former rival the secret of her manoeuvres against Madame de Rhetore, -and of her conduct as regards the attorney. Mademoiselle de Watteville -retired finally to Rouxey--a place which she left, only to take a trip -in 1841 on an unknown mission, from which she came back seriously -crippled, having lost an arm and a leg in a boiler explosion on a -steamboat. Henceforth she devoted her life to the exercises of -religion, and left her retreat no more. [Albert Savarus.] - -[*] Title of one of the first editions of "A Marriage Settlement." - -WERBRUST, associated with Palma, Parisian discounter on rue Saint- -Denis and rue Saint-Martin, during the Restoration; knew the story of -the glory and decay of Cesar Birotteau, the perfumer, who was mayor of -the second district; was the friend of the banker, Jean-Baptiste -d'Aldrigger, at whose burial he was present; carried on business with -the Baron de Nucingen, making a shrewd speculation when the latter -settled for the third time with his creditors in 1836. [Cesar -Birotteau. The Firm of Nucingen.] - -WERCHAUFFEN (Baron de), one of Schirmer's aliases. (See Schirmer.) - -WIERZCHOWNIA (Adam de), Polish gentleman, who, after the last division -of Poland, found refuge in Sweden, where he sought consolation in the -study of chemistry, a study for which he had always felt a strong -liking. Poverty compelled him to give up his study, and he joined the -French army. In 1809, while on the way to Douai, he was quartered for -one night with M. Balthazar Claes. During a conversation with his -host, he explained to him his ideas on the subject of "identity of -matter" and the absolute, thus bringing misfortune on a whole family, -for from that moment Balthazar Claes devoted time and money to this -quest of the absolute. Adam de Wierzchownia, while dying at Dresden, -in 1812, of a wound received during the last wars, wrote a final -letter to Balthazar Claes, informing him of the different thoughts -relative to the search in question, which had been in his mind since -their first meeting. By this writing, he increased the misfortunes of -the Claes family. Adam de Wierzchownia had an angular wasted -countenance, large head which was bald, eyes like tongues of fire, a -large mustache. His calmness of manner frightened Madame Balthazar -Claes.[*] [The Quest of the Absolute.] - -[*] Under the title of _Gold, or the Dream of a Savant_, there is a - play by Bayard and Bieville, which presents the misfortunes of the - Claes. This was given at the Gymnase, November 11, 1837, by M. - Bouffe and Madame E. Sauvage, both of whom are still alive. - -WILLEMSENS (Marie-Augusta). (See Brandon,[*] Comtesse de.) - -[*] Lady Brandon was the mother of Louis Gaston and Marie Gaston. - -WIMPHEN (De), married a friend of Madame d'Aiglemont's childhood. [A -Woman of Thirty.] - -WIMPHEN (Madame Louisa de), childhood friend of Madame Julie -d'Aiglemont in school at Ecouen. In 1814, Madame d'Aiglemont wrote to -the companion, who was then on the point of marrying, of her own -disillusionment, and confidentially advised her to remain single. This -letter, however, was not sent, for the Comtesse de Listomere-Landon, -aunt of Julie d'Aiglemont by marriage, having found out about it, -discouraged such an impropriety on the part of her niece. Unlike her -friend, Madame de Wimphen married happily. She retained the confidence -of Madame d'Aiglemont, and was present, indeed, at the important -interview between Julie and Lord Grenville. After M. de Wimphen's -arrival to accompany his wife home, these two lovers were left alone, -until the unexpected arrival of M. d'Aiglemont made it necessary for -Lord Grenville to conceal himself. The Englishman died shortly after -this as a result of the night's exposure, when he was obliged to stay -in the cold on the outside of a window-sill. This happened also -immediately after his fingers were bruised by a rapidly closed door. -[A Woman of Thirty.] - -WIRTH, valet of the banker, J.-B. d'Aldrigger; remained in the service -of Mesdames d'Aldrigger, mother and daughters, after the death of the -head of the family. He showed them the same devotion, of which he had -often given proof. Wirth was a kind of Alsatian Caleb or Gaspard, aged -and serious, but with much of the cunning mingled with his simple -nature. Seeing in Godefroid de Beaudenord a good husband for Isaure -d'Aldrigger, he was able to entrap him easily, and thus was partly -responsible for their marriage. [The Firm of Nucingen.] - -WISCH (Johann). Fictitious name given in a newspaper for Johann -Fischer, when he had been accused of peculation. [Cousin Betty.] - -WISSEMBOURG (Prince de), one of the titles of Marechal Cottin, the Duc -d'Orfano. [Cousin Betty.] - -WITSCHNAU. (See Gaudin.) - - - - X - -XIMEUSE, fief situated in Lorraine; original spelling of the name -Simeuse, which came to to be written with an S on account of its -pronunciation. [The Gondreville Mystery.] - - - - Y - -YSEMBOURG (Prince d'), marshal of France, the Conde of the Republic. -Madame Nourrisson, his confidential servant, looked upon him as a -"simpleton," because he gave two thousand francs to one of the most -renowned countesses of the Imperial Court, who came to him one day, -with streaming eyes, begging him to give her the assistance upon which -her children's life depended. She soon spent the money for a robe, -which she needed to wear so as to be dressed stylishly at an embassy -ball. This story was told by Madame Nourrisson, in 1845, to Leon de -Lora, Bixiou, and Gazonal. [The Unconscious Humorists.] - - - - Z - -ZAMBINELLA, a eunuch, who sang at the Theatre Argentina, Rome, the -leading soprano parts; he was very beautiful. Sarassine, a French -sculptor, believing him to be a woman, became enamored of him, and -used him as a model for an excellent statue of Adonis, which may still -be seen at the Musee d'Albani, and which Dorlange-Sallenauve copied -nearly a century later. When he was over eighty years old and very -wealthy, Zambinella lived, under the Restoration, with his niece, who -was wife of the mysterious Lanty. While residing with the Lantys -Zambinella died in Rome, 1830. The early life of Zambinella was -unknown to the Parisian world. A mesmerist believed the old man, who -was a sort of traveling mummy, to be the famous Balsamo, also known as -Cagliostro, while the Bailli de Ferette took him to be the Comte de -Saint-Germain. [Sarrasine. The Member for Arcis.] - -ZARNOWICKI (Roman[*]), Polish general who, as a refugee in Paris, -lived on the ground floor of the little two-story house on rue de -Marbeuf, of which Doctor Halpersohn occupied the other floor in 1836. -[The Seamy Side of History.] - -[*] Probably a given name. - - - -NOTE. - -The _Repertory of the Comedie Humaine_, as the reader can see for -himself, should include only those episodes introducing characters -inter-related and continually recurring. Consequently, the stories -entitled _The Exiles_, _About Catherine de Medici_, _Maitre -Cornelius_, _The Unknown Masterpiece_, _The Elixir of Life_, _Christ -in Flanders_, which antedate the eighteenth century, and _Seraphita_, -which deals with the supernatural, are omitted, together with the -_Analytical Studies_. But _The Hated Son_ furnishes some indispensable -information concerning a few biographies. The _Dramas_ are outside the -action of the _Comedie_, so contribute no names. - -According to Theophile Gautier, _The Comedie Humaine_ embraces two -thousand characters. His reckoning is nearly exact; but as a result of -cross-references, surnames, assumed names and the like, that number is -far exceeded in this work, which, nevertheless, omits many characters -outside the action, as: Chevet, Decamps, Delacroix, Finot Sr., the -child of Calyste and Sabine du Guenic, Noemi Magus, Meyerbeer, -Herbaut, Houbigant, Tanrade, Mousqueton, Arnal, Barrot, Bonald, -Berryer, Gautier, Gozlan, Hugo, Hyacinthe, Lafont, Lamartine, -Lassailly, F. Lemaitre, Charles X., Louis Philippe, Odry, Talma, -Thiers, Villele, Rossini, Rousseau, Mlle. Dejazet, Mlle. Georges, etc. - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Repertory Of The Comedie Humaine, -Complete, A -- Z, by Anatole Cerfberr and Jules François Christophe - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPERTORY THE COMEDIE HUMAINE, A-Z *** - -***** This file should be named 17635.txt or 17635.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/1/7/6/3/17635/ - -Produced by Dagny - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, -set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to -copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to -protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. 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