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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is Going On
+In It, Vol. 1, No. 44, September 9, 1897, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Great Round World and What Is Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 44, September 9, 1897
+       A Weekly Magazine for Boys and Girls
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: Julia Truitt Bishop
+
+Release Date: June 2, 2005 [EBook #15970]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team.(www.pgdp.net)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+_FIVE CENTS._
+
+THE GREAT ROUND WORLD
+AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT
+
+  Vol. 1                SEPTEMBER 9, 1897                No. 44.
+[Entered at Post Office, New York City, as second class matter]
+
+[Illustration: A
+WEEKLY
+NEWSPAPER
+FOR
+BOYS AND
+GIRLS]
+
+Subscription
+$2.50 per year
+$1.25 6 months
+
+
+    WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON. PUBLISHER
+    NO. 3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY
+
+=Copyright, 1897, by WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON.=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+        _To Any Subscriber Securing_
+
+             For Us =1= _NEW_
+                        _SUBSCRIPTION_
+
+              _We Will Send, Post-Paid,
+                A BOUND VOLUME OF ..._
+
+               =THE GREAT ROUND WORLD=
+
+     _These volumes are neatly bound in cloth, with title stamped
+     on side and back, and make a neat library book, handy in
+     size and weight, and tasteful in appearance._
+
+    =PART I.= _contains_
+       =NOVEMBER 11th, 1896 to FEBRUARY 18th, 1897=
+
+    =PART II.= _contains_
+       =FEBRUARY 25th, 1897 to JUNE 3d, 1897=
+
+     ALBERT ROSS PARSONS, _President, American College of
+     Musicians,_ writes concerning his son, aged 10: "The bound
+     volume of the first fifteen numbers has remained his daily
+     mental food and amusement ever since it arrived. I thank you
+     for your great service both to our young people and to their
+     elders."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                            =THE GREAT ROUND WORLD=
+                =3 & 5 WEST 18TH STREET       NEW YORK CITY=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+        =YOUR OPPORTUNITY=
+
+               THE
+      =Journal of Education=
+
+           EVERY WEEK
+
+From Sept. 1, 1897, to Jan. 1, 1898
+
+           FOR ONLY
+         =FIFTY CENTS=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+You can get more practical help, more valuable suggestions, and more
+real assistance in your schoolroom work, out of the _Journal of
+Education_, than from any other educational paper.
+
+The _Journal_ will have a richer feast to offer its readers during the
+coming year than every before. Nature-study will continue to be a
+prominent feature. The best talent will be employed to prepare
+programmes and exercises for the proper observance of the birthdays of
+noted men, and all school holidays.
+
+A monthly pictorial supplement will be given with the _Journal_, as
+during the past year.
+
+                 =TEACHERS' HANDBOOK FREE.=
+
+     If you will cut this advertisement out and send it to us
+     with your order, we will send you postpaid a valuable
+     Teachers' Handbook, bound in paper, 130 pages, free of
+     charge. The regular price of the book is 50 cents.
+                                                  (G.R.W.)
+
+=Remainder of This Year Free.= For only =$2.50=, NEW subscribers can
+have the _Journal of Education_ weekly, from the time their order is
+received at this office until January 1, 1899, provided reference is
+made to this offer.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+    _Published weekly at $2.50 a year. Trial Trip, 5 months for $1.00._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                 =NEW ENGLAND PUBLISHING COMPANY=
+                =3 Somerset Street, Boston, Mass.=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+="The Great Round World" PRIZE CONTEST=
+
+THE GREAT ROUND WORLD is now over six months old, and it feels some
+anxiety to know just how much interest its readers have taken in the
+news and how much information they have gained from its pages. To
+ascertain this, it has been decided to offer ten prizes for the best
+answers to the following:
+
+     =Name ten of the most important events that have been mentioned in
+     "The Great Round World" in the first 30 numbers, that is, up to
+     number of June 3d.=
+
+     _In mentioning these events give briefly reasons for considering
+     them important._
+
+This competition will be open to subscribers only, and any one desiring
+to enter the competition must send to this office their name and the
+date of their subscription; a number will then be given them.
+
+All new subscribers will be furnished with a card entitling them to
+enter the competition.
+
+In making the selection of important events, remember that wars and
+political events are not necessarily the most important. If, for
+instance, the air-ship had turned out to be a genuine and successful
+thing, it would have been most important as affecting the history of the
+world. Or if by chance the telephone or telegraph had been invented in
+this period, these inventions would have been _important_ events.
+
+Prizes will be awarded to those who make the best selection and who
+mention the events in the best order of their importance. Answers may be
+sent in any time before September 1st.
+
+The Great Round World does not want you to hurry over this contest, but
+to take plenty of time and do the work carefully. It will be a pleasant
+occupation for the summer months.
+
+We would advise you to take the magazines starting at No. 1, look them
+over carefully, keep a note-book at your side, and jot down in it the
+events that seem to you important; when you have finished them all, No.
+1 to 30, look over your notes and select the ten events that seem to you
+to be the most important, stating after each event your reason for
+thinking it important.
+
+For instance: suppose you decide that the death of Dr. Ruiz was one of
+these important events, you might say, "The killing of Dr. Ruiz in the
+prison of Guanabacoa--because it brought the cruelties practised on
+American citizens to the attention of our Government," etc., etc.
+
+In sending your answers put your number and the date only on them, for
+the judges are not to know names and addresses of the contestants, that
+there may be no favoritism shown.
+
+It is important to put date on, for if two or more are found of similar
+standing, the one first received will be given preference.
+
+Address all letters to REVIEW PRIZE CONTEST DEPARTMENT,
+GREAT ROUND WORLD, 3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City.
+
+          _Write answer on one side of the paper only_
+     =Prizes will be selections from the premium catalogue=
+
+         No. 1. Premiums as given for 15 Subscriptions
+         No. 2.    "      "   "    "  12        "
+         No. 3.    "      "   "    "  10        "
+         No. 4.    "      "   "    "   9        "
+         No. 5.    "      "   "    "   8        "
+         No. 6.    "      "   "    "   7        "
+         No. 7.    "      "   "    "   5        "
+         No. 8.    "      "   "    "   5        "
+         No. 9.    "      "   "    "   5        "
+         No. 10.   "      "   "    "   2        "
+
+           =TIME EXTENDED UNTIL OCT. 15, 1897.=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+[Illustration: THE GREAT ROUND
+WORLD
+AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT.]
+
+    VOL. 1   SEPTEMBER 9, 1897.   NO. 44
+
+The Armenians in Turkey are becoming restless once more.
+
+They say they have waited long enough for the promised reforms, and as
+the Sultan has made none of the proposed changes, they have once again
+shown their hatred for him and his rule by resorting to that most
+cowardly of weapons, a dynamite bomb.
+
+One day last week all Constantinople was alarmed by the noise of several
+loud explosions.
+
+It was soon found that dynamite bombs had been thrown into the windows
+of the Government Council House. The entire building was shaken to its
+foundations, the roof torn off, and the walls badly damaged.
+
+A meeting of ministers in the Grand Vizier's office had been proposed
+for the hour at which the explosion took place, and it was supposed that
+the cowardly assassins had intended to murder the Turkish officials
+while they were attending to their duties. Happily the meeting had been
+postponed, and therefore but little harm was done beyond the damage to
+the building.
+
+The people had hardly recovered from their horror over the wrecking of
+the Council House when word was brought that an attempt had been made
+to blow up the Ottoman Bank.
+
+Just a year ago an attack was made on the Bank, and on that occasion its
+officers were so unprepared for an attack that the Armenians gained
+possession of the building, and held it against the soldiers for several
+hours.
+
+The Ottoman Bank of Turkey has charge of the public funds, so it is to
+the interest of the Government to see that it is well protected. Since
+the Armenian attack, therefore, there has not only been a special guard
+on duty to protect the bank, but men stationed at the doors to inspect
+every person who entered, and prevent any suspicious-looking characters
+from gaining access to the main building.
+
+These precautions probably saved many precious lives, for, on the same
+afternoon that the bomb was thrown a man was seen entering the bank who
+was so extraordinarily fat that the watchers became suspicious of him.
+
+They refused to let him enter the main building, and taking him into a
+little side room set apart for the purpose, they searched him.
+
+They found, as they had suspected, that his great size was due to a huge
+dynamite bomb, which he was trying to conceal under his robes. In Turkey
+many of the people have not adopted the European dress of coat and
+trousers, but still cling to their long loose robes.
+
+As soon as the bomb was discovered it was carefully put into water, the
+man was arrested, and the bank closed its doors, an extra guard of
+soldiers being sent for to protect it.
+
+The news of the attempt on the bank was followed by the calling out of
+the palace guard and the closing of all the entrances to the palace.
+
+A rumor was then spread abroad that another bomb had been found within
+the palace grounds, and that yet another had been found that was
+intended to blow up the Police Headquarters.
+
+When the news of these various outrages was noised abroad the people
+were panic-stricken.
+
+Crowds of Turks rushed from their homes, anxious to defend their city
+and their Sultan, and, armed with sticks, they hurried through the
+streets, not knowing where to go, or what to do first.
+
+Alarmed lest their good intentions should lead them into acts of
+violence, and that Constantinople would be plunged into the horrors of
+riot and mob rule, the police and patrols ordered the men back to their
+homes, severely clubbing those who were slow to obey.
+
+Soon the streets were given over to the soldiers, and not a soul was to
+be seen abroad but those connected with the guards and patrols.
+
+When the streets were cleared, the police made a search of the Armenian
+quarter, and many suspicious characters were arrested.
+
+The certainty that these outrages were the work of Armenians has roused
+the Mohammedan population to fresh fury, and a repetition of the
+massacres of last year is feared.
+
+The better class of Armenians in Constantinople denounce the shameful
+deeds, and are enraged at the men who have once more turned the wrath of
+the Turks against the unhappy Christians in the Sultan's domains.
+
+There is a feeling of great uneasiness throughout the city, the Turks
+fearing that more dynamite bombs will be thrown, and the Armenians that
+the mob will take a hideous vengeance for the outrage.
+
+In the midst of all this danger and confusion, the foreign ambassadors
+are endeavoring to arrange for the treaty of peace between Greece and
+Turkey.
+
+The peace negotiations seem, however, to be at a standstill.
+
+The protests of Greece against Germany's proposal that her treasury be
+controlled until the war indemnity should be paid, finally aroused
+England to action.
+
+It was further proposed, if you remember, that the Turkish troops were
+not to be withdrawn from Thessaly until the last pound had been paid; it
+was also suggested that a regiment or two at a time should leave, as the
+debt was paid off, but that Thessaly should be held by the Turks as a
+guarantee that Greece would pay.
+
+The other Powers, apparently forgetting that they had sent ultimatums to
+Turkey on this subject, finally agreed that the Turkish troops should
+stay; but England refused point-blank to listen to any such scheme.
+
+Lord Salisbury, the English Prime Minister, said that whether the war
+indemnity be paid or not, the Turkish troops must at once leave
+Thessaly. He declared firmly that he would permit no other settlement of
+the question, and that rather than allow the Turks to remain longer on
+Greek soil, England would break up the concert of the Powers, and take
+the consequences.
+
+These were very brave words, and highly pleasing to the national pride
+and spirit of England, but the other Powers were indignant that England
+should take such a stand. They pretended to forget the angry despatches
+which they had sent on this very same subject, and the times they had
+refused to carry on further negotiations unless the Sultan consented to
+withdraw from Thessaly, and appeared to think that it was the duty of
+England to agree with them, no matter how often they changed their
+minds.
+
+England alone seemed clearly to see that the consent of the Powers to
+this infamous scheme was only the result of the Sultan's wearisome
+delays, which after fourteen weeks of unprofitable haggling and
+bargaining have made the ambassadors anxious to get the matter settled
+one way or another, and be rid of the Sultan and his diplomacy.
+
+England stated her reasons for refusing to agree with the other Powers.
+She said that the war indemnity demanded by Turkey was so large that
+Greece could never pay it, and that the Turkish occupation of Thessaly
+until the debt was settled really meant that Thessaly was to be ceded to
+Turkey.
+
+As we have said, the English were very pleased over the stand Lord
+Salisbury had taken. It seemed to have been done just at the right
+moment, when the Powers, weary of the delay and anxious to have the
+Turkish army disbanded, would be ready to threaten Turkey with war if
+she did not immediately obey them.
+
+This Turkish army is felt to be a very serious menace to Europe. The
+Sultan has an enormous number of soldiers now under arms, and moreover
+this army of his is a victorious army, proud of its strength, and
+anxious to have fresh opportunity to show its mettle and courage.
+
+An uneasy feeling therefore prevails while this large force is kept
+under arms, as at any moment the Sultan may take it into his head to try
+and reconquer the Balkan provinces which he lost in the war with Russia.
+
+Should he attempt such a thing Europe would be bound to go to the aid of
+the province, and the much-dreaded European war would result. Until the
+Turkish army is disbanded the peace of Europe cannot be assured.
+
+It was felt, therefore, that Lord Salisbury had chosen a happy time for
+his protest, and that the Sultan must now be forced into doing what is
+right.
+
+Unfortunately, Lord Salisbury, while he is a very clever statesman, has
+not the courage of his own opinions. He can think out a clever plan
+which would be of the greatest benefit to his country, and though in the
+beginning he will try with great firmness to enforce it, he cannot stand
+up against strong opposition. He has time and again abandoned some
+excellent policy, and veered completely round, when he has met strong
+opposition.
+
+Much anxiety was felt in London on the present occasion lest he should
+not be able to maintain the firm stand he had taken on the Greek
+question. This anxiety grew keener when it was found that the other
+Powers were opposed to him. His party and his friends did their best to
+persuade him to remain firm, and for a time it seemed as though nothing
+could shake his resolution. At last the unwelcome news was given out
+that the British ambassador in Constantinople had received instructions
+from Lord Salisbury to accept the peace proposals of the Turks, and
+allow them to remain in Thessaly until the debt should be paid off.
+
+Lord Salisbury's reason for yielding is rumored to be that the five
+ambassadors, representing France, Germany, Russia, Austria, and Italy,
+were ready to sign the first treaty without waiting for the consent of
+England.
+
+This is said to have alarmed the British Prime Minister, and made him
+fear that the other Powers would combine against England if he persisted
+in his determination, and so he weakly deserted Greece; and the Turks
+will remain in Thessaly until the war indemnity is paid.
+
+It is, however, stated that the British, French, and Russian ambassadors
+have all sent word to their governments that it is quite impossible for
+Greece to pay the sum demanded by Turkey.
+
+Steps are therefore being taken to induce the Sultan to accept a smaller
+sum, but the chances are that his success in securing Thessaly will make
+Abdul Hamid refuse to take a piaster less. He will be sure to think that
+if he only holds out long enough he will get everything he asks for.
+
+In Athens the people are not at all willing to accept the proposed
+treaty.
+
+At a mass-meeting the other night a resolution was prepared and sent to
+the King, asking him to reject the treaty and resume the war.
+
+The general feeling throughout Greece is, however, against a continuance
+of war.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The news from India is of a gloomy character.
+
+Fresh revolts have occurred on the frontier of Afghanistan. A tribe, the
+Afridis, has joined the rebellion against the British rule.
+
+The disaffection of this tribe, which numbers about twenty thousand
+first-class hill-fighters, is most serious to the British cause. It is
+not its strength that alarms the English, however, but that the English
+army in India has been largely recruited from the Afridis, and so the
+rebels are not confined to the enemy that has to be faced, but numbers
+of them are found in the very regiments that are being sent to the front
+to quell the disturbance.
+
+The Afridis have until now been most loyal to the Government, and were
+looked upon as safeguards in case the rebellion assumed a more serious
+form. During the Afghan war this tribe held the Khyber Pass for the
+British, and did them great service, as this pass is the main mountain
+route in the north between Afghanistan and Hindustan.
+
+A revolt of the Afridis was the event most to be feared by the British,
+and it now appears to have taken place.
+
+A large force of tribesmen entered into Khyber Pass, attacked the forts
+which guarded it, and unfortunately were successful in capturing them.
+The force of British soldiers at hand was not strong enough to drive
+them back, and they were able to swarm into the Pass in great numbers
+and possess themselves of it.
+
+The Pass once taken, they had the temerity to offer to treat with the
+British for peace, and promise to go peaceably back to their homes if
+the soldiers should be withdrawn from all the forts on the frontier.
+
+The British Government is incensed that the tribesmen should be so
+little afraid of the power of the English arms, and has determined to
+conquer this rebellious tribe, and give it a lesson in obedience that
+will not soon be forgotten.
+
+Now that the outbreak has assumed such a serious form, every one is
+trying to discover a reason for the rebellion. Some think that the
+Sultan of Turkey is at the root of the matter, and that he has caused
+the news of his victory over the Greeks to be spread broadcast
+throughout the whole Mohammedan race, thereby creating the impression
+that the power of Europe has been shaken, and in this way has given the
+natives of Hindustan an idea that it is an excellent opportunity for
+them to try to throw off the hated European sovereignty.
+
+Another rumor is that the Ameer of Afghanistan has incited the tribes to
+rebel, and that he is secretly giving them his support and assistance.
+
+All the revolting tribes dwell on the borders of Afghanistan, and it is
+known for a fact that the Ameer distributed among the native Indian
+regiments a book of treasonable character, telling them all about the
+Jehad or Holy War. This war, according to the Mohammedan belief, is to
+be undertaken by the Moslems against the Christians, and is to result in
+the spreading of the Mohammedan faith throughout the world.
+
+The circulation of these books excited the natives very much, and it is
+thought had a great deal to do with their present restless and
+rebellious spirit.
+
+The Indian Government therefore sent a message to the Ameer protesting
+against the further circulation of this book, and accusing him of
+exciting the tribes to rebel, and then of allowing his subjects to take
+part with them against the English.
+
+The Ameer sent a prompt reply in which he denied that any of his
+subjects had been concerned in the recent troubles.
+
+He said that his soldiers should never be used to fight against the
+British, and that if any of the tribes under his rule are guilty of
+joining in a rebellion against his friend the Queen, it is without his
+knowledge or consent. He insisted that none of his people would have
+dared to join the rebels openly, for fear of his severe displeasure.
+
+In addition to this letter to the British Government, he has issued an
+order to his subjects, forbidding them to join the rebels.
+
+Notwithstanding this, the British officers in India place no reliance on
+the Ameer's protestations, and still believe that he is directing the
+operations of the troops on the frontier.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Spain is still sorrowing for the loss of her Prime Minister, Seņor
+Canovas.
+
+This great statesman was buried with all the honors which his patriotism
+merited. The public buildings were all draped in black, all business was
+suspended in Madrid during the ceremonies, and all honor was paid to his
+memory, the Queen Regent sending personal messages of sympathy to his
+widow, and ordering the court to go into mourning for him for three
+days.
+
+Kings and princes cannot give expression to their feelings as private
+individuals do; they have their public duties to perform, and therefore
+no matter how sincere their grief they are not at liberty to shut
+themselves away from the world and mourn their loss.
+
+When a member of a royal family dies, the sovereign orders that a
+certain number of days or weeks shall be observed as days of mourning.
+During this time the whole court is dressed in black or the color that
+is used as mourning in that special country. In France, purple used to
+be the color of the court mourning; in China they use white. The
+servants as well as the ladies and gentlemen of the sovereign's
+household all wear the mourning color, and during the period set apart
+for the days of mourning no dinners or festivities of any sort are
+given, no persons are received or presented at the court, and the king
+and court retire into private life.
+
+As soon as the appointed time is passed, the mourning garments are laid
+aside, and the gaieties are resumed as if nothing had happened to
+interrupt them.
+
+As a rule, a court only goes into mourning for a relative of the
+sovereign or a member of the reigning family. It is most unusual for a
+court to be ordered to mourn for a person who is not of the royal blood,
+and that the Spanish court has been ordered to pay this mark of respect
+to Seņor Canovas shows the high esteem in which he was held.
+
+The cowardly assassin who murdered the Prime Minister has suffered the
+penalty of his infamous crime. He was tried, found guilty of his
+dreadful deed, and put to death.
+
+The Queen Regent has had to choose another Prime Minister in Canovas'
+stead, and this has been a hard task for her. In Canovas she lost her
+best friend and constant adviser, and his place was not easily filled.
+
+On the death of Seņor Canovas, General Azcarraga, by virtue of his
+office of Minister of War, assumed the duties of the Prime Minister, and
+it is upon him that the Queen's choice has fallen. General Azcarraga is
+supposed to be thoroughly in sympathy with Seņor Canovas' plans for
+Cuba, and to be prepared to carry them out.
+
+He is said to approve of the way Weyler has been conducting the war, and
+intends to keep him as Captain-General of Cuba.
+
+It is reported that when the news of Seņor Canovas' death reached
+Havana, General Weyler at once offered to resign his position, well
+knowing that if Seņor Sagasta was made Prime Minister in Canovas' place
+there would be a new Captain-General in Cuba within the month.
+
+Sagasta has, as you probably remember, many kindly plans for Cuba, and
+had he come into power it is thought would have endeavored to give Cuba
+home rule.
+
+The Queen has, however, put an end to his hopes by appointing General
+Azcarraga, and Sagasta must be content to wait.
+
+In the mean while the Carlists are gathering in force, prepared to
+revolt as soon as Don Carlos shall bid them to. It is reported that
+sixty thousand well-armed men are ready to answer to his call.
+
+Don Carlos, however, persists in awaiting the result of the Cuban war
+before he attempts to seize the throne. He declares that he loves his
+country too well to plunge it into a civil war at the moment when it is
+harassed by outside enemies.
+
+The situation in Cuba continues to improve for the insurgents. They are
+strong, hopeful, and victorious. They have not as yet risked any great
+battle, but in their raids and forays against the enemy are constantly
+successful.
+
+It is reported on the best authority that Gomez has crossed the Matanzas
+border, and is now in Havana province. It is also said that the trochas
+have been abandoned by the Spaniards, and the insurgents cross them at
+will.
+
+The Spanish garrisons are now being withdrawn from the smaller interior
+towns and concentrated in the important places, principally on the
+seaboard.
+
+The condition of the Spanish soldiers grows daily worse, while the
+rebels have become so inured to hardship that they have developed into
+fine, sturdy soldiers.
+
+If Spain is not able to send strong reinforcements soon, the end of the
+Cuban war cannot be very far off.
+
+General Woodford, the United States minister to Spain, will arrive in
+Madrid about September 1st, and it is expected that he will be presented
+to the Queen Regent about September 15th.
+
+It is stated that he is to endeavor to persuade Spain to put a speedy
+end to the war by granting home rule to Cuba.
+
+Mr. Fishback, who acted as Mr. Calhoun's secretary, has, it is said,
+been sent to Cuba on a special mission from the Government. He is to go
+the round of the consulates in the island with Consul-General Lee, and
+obtain an idea of the true conditions in Cuba, and report the result of
+his observations to the President.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The new tariff law has now been in effect for some weeks, and every day
+there are fresh accounts of the woes of the incoming travellers from
+Europe.
+
+The zeal of the Custom-House officers in performing their duty is only
+equalled by the efforts of the passengers in avoiding theirs. Every
+ship-load that arrives affords infinite sport for the unconcerned
+onlooker.
+
+Last week a French family, consisting of a mother and two sons, arrived.
+
+When asked if they had any dutiable articles, they declared that they
+had brought nothing with them that ought to pay duty. As they had twenty
+pieces of baggage with them, the officials refused to believe that they
+had nothing on which duty should be levied.
+
+The two sons were very elegant and extremely polite French gentlemen.
+They courteously handed their keys to the inspectors, and turned around
+to converse with some equally elegant young ladies who had come to meet
+their party.
+
+Their pleasant conversation was roughly interrupted by the inspectors.
+
+Only six of the twenty pieces of baggage were trunks; the rest proved to
+be packing-cases.
+
+"They've got to be opened," said the heated inspectors.
+
+"Certainly. You have our permission to open them," said the polite young
+Frenchmen.
+
+"What!" roared the inspectors, "Open them! We are not carpenters! Open
+them yourselves!"
+
+There and then these well-dressed, well-mannered young men had to set
+to work to pry open their own packing-cases.
+
+By this time their suavity had so exasperated the officials, who are not
+accustomed to politeness and pleasant words from incoming passengers,
+that they decided that the young Frenchmen must have a reason for their
+good manners, and be in fact dangerous smugglers.
+
+As one of the young men bent over a packing-case it was noticed that his
+coat-pockets bulged suspiciously. Before he could offer a protest he and
+his mother and brother were hurried away to the offices and searched.
+
+In spite of their best endeavors the inspectors were unable to find
+anything dutiable in the belongings of this charming family, and finally
+the young Frenchmen were permitted to go on their way with their mother
+and their belongings. It would have been a little interesting to have
+obtained from them their first impressions of America.
+
+The officials were, however, so angry that these good people had not
+turned out to be smugglers, that they gave the next few passengers who
+fell into their hands a very unhappy time.
+
+One man who had bought a two-dollar doll for his little girl was obliged
+to pay $1.50 as duty on it. Another who had spent $200 on new gowns for
+his wife had to pay another $126 before he was able to take them to her.
+
+One father was loud in his protests because he was taxed for the dresses
+his daughters were wearing, and which he declared had been used by them
+for a year and a half.
+
+Nobody escaped on that unlucky day, and from eighty passengers about
+$5,000 was collected. If this keeps up, our treasury will soon be
+overflowing.
+
+So annoying has the Dingley Bill made matters for travellers that a
+consultation has been held by the customs officials, to see whether it
+is not possible to make things a little easier for them.
+
+The bill was aimed at importers, or people who buy and sell goods
+manufactured in foreign countries. It was not intended to harass the
+lives out of tourists who have merely purchased a few pretty things
+while they have been abroad.
+
+It would of course be unjust to allow these said pretty things to be
+brought into the country free of duty, lest unscrupulous persons should
+take advantage of the Government's kindness to avoid paying duty on
+articles they intended to sell.
+
+The inspectors have, however, felt that it is not right to tax wearing
+apparel that has evidently been bought for the traveller's own use, and
+has been worn.
+
+The result of the conference of the Custom-House officials has been a
+petition to the Secretary of the Treasury, asking him to allow the
+Collector of the port of New York so to interpret the new law that
+innocent travellers may not be taxed as if they were importers trying to
+smuggle in goods.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The great coal strike still remains unsettled.
+
+It was hoped that it would be brought to a close this week, as both the
+miners and the owners had agreed to meet and discuss the matter, to see
+if some understanding could not be reached.
+
+The meeting has taken place, but unfortunately the two parties are as
+far apart as ever.
+
+The idea of the conference was to arrange that the dispute might he
+arbitrated.
+
+As soon as the meeting was called to order, the miners offered to return
+to work if they were paid at the rate of sixty-nine cents for each ton
+of coal mined, with the understanding that they would accept a reduction
+if the arbitrators found that such payment was higher than the owners
+could afford.
+
+The owners refused this offer, and instead proposed that the miners
+should go to work at fifty-four cents per ton, and that the arbitrators
+should then decide upon a fair rate of payment. If it proved to be
+higher than fifty-four cents, the owners would then make up the
+difference to the men.
+
+This offer being refused, the owners said they would pay sixty-one
+cents, and make up the difference if the arbitration went against them.
+
+The miners, however, refused to listen to these proposals, and the
+conference broke up.
+
+Both miners and owners declare that there is no present prospect of
+reaching an understanding, and that there is nothing for it but to fight
+the battle to its end.
+
+The owners intend to try to open the mines with non-union men. The
+miners are preparing to prevent these men from going into the mines.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+There has been great excitement during the past few days over the sudden
+rise of the wheat market.
+
+Nearly all of the great countries of the world, with the exception of
+the United States, have had poor wheat crops this year. Our crop has
+been considerably larger than any we have had for several years past.
+People cannot do without bread, and in consequence of this failure of
+their crops, other countries have had to come to us and buy. They have
+of course had to pay whatever price we asked, and as a natural
+consequence the price of wheat has gone up enormously.
+
+All the people who were clever enough to foresee this demand from
+abroad, and buy up the wheat before the orders came in, have made
+fortunes during the past few days. They refused to sell their grain
+until its price had gone up to nearly double what they had paid for it,
+and are now smiling and happy, and thinking that prosperity has come at
+last.
+
+Though a little flurry in the price of wheat cannot of itself make
+prosperity, the demands on our carrying trade for the shipment of the
+grain to foreign countries has brought a great deal of business to our
+shores. It is stated that the piers around New York present a more busy
+scene than has been witnessed since the dull times began.
+
+Grain elevators are in constant use loading the ships, and so great is
+the demand that the little floating elevators are getting a large share
+of the business.
+
+Ships are being loaded for France, the Argentine Republic, South Africa,
+Portugal, and many other foreign countries.
+
+Three million bushels of wheat were sent out of the country during the
+past week.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+You will be interested to hear of the capture of Drunami, the king of
+Benin, who has been wandering in the African forests since the
+destruction of Benin City, by the expedition sent out from England last
+February to punish him for the murder of the English travellers. (See
+page 344.)
+
+Drunami finally returned to Benin, and surrendered to the British
+authorities.
+
+The soldiers who were guarding the city one day caught sight of a large
+body of natives approaching the walls.
+
+Ahead of the main body ran a messenger carrying a white flag, to show
+that their mission was one of peace. He was closely followed by Drunami,
+ten of his principal chiefs, and eight hundred unarmed warriors.
+
+The English soldiers were called out, and the King was allowed to enter
+the city.
+
+He stated that he had come to make submission to the British Queen or
+her representative, and begged that in consideration for his rank he
+might be allowed to make his submission in private.
+
+When this message was brought to the Resident, as the English governor
+is called, he refused to grant the request.
+
+He said that Drunami's rebellion against the Queen had been public, and
+therefore his submission must be public also.
+
+The King of Benin thereupon held a council with his chiefs, who after
+much arguing decided that it was best to obey the wishes of the
+Resident, and make public submission.
+
+Word of his intention was accordingly sent to the Resident, who
+thereupon repaired to the Council House, and, taking his position on its
+steps, waited the arrival of the penitent King.
+
+Drunami, as he advanced to meet him, presented a very strange
+appearance. From head to foot his black skin was covered with coral
+ornaments. On his arms and ankles were numberless bangles, those on his
+arms being so many and so heavy that he could not raise his arms, but
+had to have them supported by his followers.
+
+He had by this time added a band of music to his train, and to the
+mournful music which they made on their reed instruments the King and
+his chiefs marched in front of the Council House, and in the presence of
+the soldiers whom the Resident had ordered to assemble, publicly
+tendered his submission to the Queen of England.
+
+This act was accomplished by bowing very low before the Resident, and
+then kneeling on the ground and rubbing his forehead three times in the
+dust.
+
+The ten chiefs repeated the ceremony after their King; and thus having
+signified their regret for their evil deeds, and their intention to be
+faithful and obedient in future, the King and his followers were allowed
+to take their way back to the palace in Benin.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+England seems to have taken to heart the conduct of the Irish people
+during the recent jubilee, and to be endeavoring to make peace with the
+denizens of the Emerald Isle.
+
+There have been many complaints that the royal family never visited
+Ireland, and that the money and trade that a royal pageant always brings
+with it have been purposely withheld from the land of St. Patrick.
+
+There is a good deal of justice in this complaint. The Queen, who goes
+so often to Scotland, has not set foot in Ireland since 1861, nor has
+the Prince of Wales since 1871. At the same time Ireland has been in
+such an unsettled state that it has not seemed a very safe country in
+which to trust the precious life of a sovereign.
+
+Now, however, the Queen has sent the Duke and Duchess of York to Dublin
+to open the exhibition of Irish industries in that city.
+
+The Duke of York is the Queen's grandson, the eldest living son of the
+Prince of Wales. He is the heir to the throne, and will be the King of
+Great Britain and Ireland if he survives his grandmother and father.
+
+The Queen has therefore entrusted one of the most precious members of
+her family to the keeping of the Irish, and the importance of this act
+may go a long way toward making peace with Ireland.
+
+The wife of the Duke of York is the daughter of one of the most popular
+of the English princesses, and is said to have inherited all her
+mother's amiability and charm of manner.
+
+Entertainments and fetes have been given the young couple, and it is
+rumored that the Queen is about to purchase for them the beautiful
+"Muckross" estate near Killarney.
+
+If this is done, her Majesty will probably require the young people to
+spend a good deal of their time in Ireland.
+
+The Irish themselves have not been very friendly to the young Prince.
+They have indeed rather resented this attempt to gain their friendship.
+
+The entertainments that have been given have been by the government
+officials, the Irish themselves carefully abstaining from any signs of
+satisfaction at the visit.
+
+It has been conveyed to the Prince, however, that the Irish as a nation
+are quite willing to be friendly with him after he has proved himself
+worthy of their friendship.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+France is very proud and happy over the visit of her President, Monsieur
+Faure, to the Czar of Russia.
+
+Last October the Czar visited Paris, and during his stay it was openly
+hinted that an alliance between Russia and France had been formed which
+was to be of great benefit to both countries.
+
+The return visit of Monsieur Faure to Russia is supposed to be for the
+sake of finally cementing the new alliance.
+
+The Russians are making his trip delightful to him in their own
+charmingly hospitable way, and from general appearances it would seem
+that M. Faure's visit is purely one of pleasure. Diplomatists, however,
+declare that the outcome of M. Faure's visit will be a new arrangement
+of the European alliances, which will leave Great Britain out in the
+cold, and lessen her influence in European politics.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Prof. David Starr Jordan has written a letter from the seal islands
+which fully confirms the worst fears about the decrease of the seal
+herd.
+
+He says that if the sealing is carried on in its present fashion the
+seals will disappear in the Bering Sea in a very short while, and that
+even with the greatest care the herd will not be up to its full strength
+for a good many years.
+
+Not only are there fewer mother seals than formerly, but the killing of
+the young pups has made such a difference in the herd that there are
+very few young braves growing up. This year there seems to be only old
+men and mother seals, and hardly any young families at all.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+This Bering Sea dispute has been very long in settlement and seems to be
+as far from a decision as ever. There is much difference of opinion on
+the subject, and of course there is more than one way of looking at it;
+and yet it would seem as though some agreement ought to be reached that
+would prevent the destruction of the seals.
+
+Doubtless, after much diplomatic delay, dispute, and talk, the matter
+will be settled, and we will hope that this may be accomplished before
+it is too late to save the seals from dying out.
+
+                                                 G.H. ROSENFELD.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+
+THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND THE
+PEOPLE WHO LIVED ON IT.
+
+(Continued from page 1234.)
+
+
+And so, next to the dwellings for life, they built dwellings for
+death--built them larger and stronger, too, since so many graves are
+left in excellent preservation, while no houses at all have survived to
+satisfy our curiosity. A universally favorite form of grave is the
+so-called "mound" (known in England as "barrow"). These mound-tombs, to
+judge from what is found in them, were constructed to hold the remains
+of the wealthy and powerful among the people, often of their kings.
+They differ greatly in size and richness, but all are alike in this:
+that the place for the body or bodies is dug more or less deep in the
+ground, then closed tight with stones or slabs and hard-stamped soil,
+above which is raised an earthen mound, on which the grass grows--hence
+the name.
+
+The "mound-builders" have been busy all over the world. There is no flat
+country on any part of the earth where these strange monuments have not
+been found, singly or in groups, and it taxes at times a sharp eye to
+know them from the natural grass-grown knolls or hillocks on a so-called
+rolling plain, for which, indeed, they were taken until some accident
+made known what they really were.
+
+Let us look at the interior of one of the most royal among these palaces
+of death--or, rather, in the builders' minds, vestibules of a renewed
+life.
+
+In the middle--or toward one end--of a large, rather low chamber,
+flagged and cased with stone masonry, lies the chieftain's skeleton,
+with golden armlets and necklet, possibly a golden band encircling the
+skull, and some choice weapons by his side, within reach of the hand.
+Not infrequently tatters of some tissue show where the mantle was folded
+around the form; but that falls to dust at the lightest touch, and,
+indeed, at a longer contact with air, as do sometimes the bones
+themselves. A smaller skeleton--a woman's--likewise adorned, shares the
+honors of the gloomy abode. It is the wife, or perchance the favorite
+wife, polygamy (the custom of having many wives) having long been
+universal. In a circle around the two principal figures, but at a
+respectful distance, indicating their subordinate station, are disposed
+other skeletons, unclothed and unadorned, evidently slaves, probably
+favorite attendants. Not infrequently a horse is found in a corner--the
+chief's own charger; and even sometimes a dog at the master's feet.
+Every skull, of man, woman, or animal, shows the heavy single blow which
+severed life. Not without due state and seemly retinue shall the hero
+enter on the new life which awaits him; his own best-loved companion
+shall minister to him; his own tried servants shall follow him as of
+yore; the steed which bore him safely out of many a battle, the hound
+which shared with him the joys of many a glorious chase, shall bear him
+into the fray with new and unknown foes, shall hunt down with him the
+game that roams the forests of the Unknown Land. As the way thither may
+be very long, the travellers shall not go unprovided. So around the wall
+are ranged dishes, platters, bowls--each containing dried-up food,
+various kinds of grains; also jars and tall vessels with handles, which
+evidently had held liquids. It is easy to see that the choicest pieces
+of fine and artistically ornamented pottery have been selected from the
+household stores. In mounds of the later periods some of the dishes and
+bowls are of bronze, even of gold and silver, and show considerable
+beauty of form and workmanship; but the jars are invariably of
+earthenware, as water and wine keep better in such than in metal.
+
+We must not forget that, among the countless mounds which have been
+opened, only a very few are like that we just looked into. The general
+run are much plainer, and the majority contain only one silent inmate.
+It was not every one could afford the luxury of a wholesale slaughter
+in his household. The chambers, too, are very different in size and
+construction, and the furnishings vary quite as much in richness and
+beauty.
+
+Putting away the dead in mound-graves, besides being a universal custom,
+was one which endured through a long series of centuries, since their
+contents illustrate for us the Age of Bronze through all its gradations
+and a goodly portion of the Age of Iron--_i.e._, the beginnings of the
+age in which we live ourselves.
+
+To decide which mound belongs to a later and which to an earlier period
+is easy, from the variety and quality of the articles, which bear
+witness to the degree of culture of the builders, though it is of course
+difficult even to give a guess in figures at just _how_ long ago, at
+least, the earlier mounds were built.
+
+These are all times which knew not of writing. Therefore we have no
+history of them; for history is made up of two elements: things that
+happen, and writers who record them. So when we speak of "historic
+times," we mean the times since writing came into general use. All that
+went before we class as "prehistoric" times, _i.e._, times of which we
+can have no history. It is clear, then, that if, of two countries, one
+knows writing and uses it to register what happens to it, while the
+other does not, the former will be living in historic, the latter in
+prehistoric times.
+
+More than that: there are plenty of peoples now living in--for
+them--prehistoric times. Take all the savage tribes still scattered over
+land and sea in many parts of the world. Just as there are enough South
+Sea Islanders for whom the Age of Stone is not over yet, since they
+still use flint, bone, and fishbone for their tools and weapons, and
+what metal they have comes to them through barter from Europeans or
+Americans. Captain Cook--or some other noted voyager and
+discoverer--received as a present from a South Sea chieftain a flint
+axe, beautifully shaped and polished like a mirror. The chief told his
+white friend it had taken _fifty years_ to produce that polish, his
+grandfather, his father, and himself having worked on it at odd moments
+of leisure!
+
+And yet, when we speak of "historic" and "prehistoric" times, we never
+think of all these races; they do not count among the so-called
+"culture-races," because they have produced no civilization of their
+own, have done nothing to advance the work of the world, added nothing
+to its treasury; in short, they have not helped to make history.
+
+Just one word more about these prehistoric ages and the memorials they
+have left of themselves. No matter how various the stages of human
+culture which these latter betray, one feature is common to all, back to
+the most primitive feasting-places of the cave-dwellers; it is--the
+knowledge and use of fire. Yet there most certainly was a time when men
+had not yet learned to produce and to handle this marvellous force of
+nature, their most helpful friend and most destructive foe. Can we
+picture to ourselves _how_ miserable and degraded, _how_ distressingly
+like that of other forest animals must have then been the condition of
+those who yet were the fathers of the coming human race? Hardly. Our
+imagination itself stands still, helpless and puzzled, before a state of
+things so remote, so utterly beyond our power to realize and compare.
+
+
+
+
+INVENTION AND DISCOVERY.
+
+
+COAT HANGER.--An inventor in Boston has just perfected an excellent
+coat-hanger.
+
+At the first glance it looks like the ordinary hangers we have been
+using for so many years, but this invention obviates the one objection
+which attaches to all the other hangers we have come across--it adapts
+itself to the size of the place in which it is to be used.
+
+[Illustration: Hanger]
+
+Those who live in small houses or apartments with meagre cupboard-room
+know that the old hanger is out of the question for them, two coats or
+waists taking up the entire length of the wardrobe.
+
+The new hanger is adjustable. Its arms work on a spring. It can stretch
+them out to the fullest extent where space is no object, but when used
+in a cupboard where every inch counts, the accommodating arms will fold
+together, and taking one sleeve of the coat or waist on each arm, lay
+them together in the same position they would be in if folded in a
+drawer. It then hangs in precisely the same manner as the usual hanger,
+but with this difference, that it occupies but half the space.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+           =The Great....
+                   Round World
+                   Publishing Co.=
+
+     INCORPORATED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE
+     STATE OF NEW YORK. :: :: :: :: :: ::
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+     =300 Shares=--PAR VALUE, =$10.00=--OF THE EIGHT-PER-CENT.
+                                        PREFERRED STOCK FROM
+                                        THE TREASURY OF
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                    =The Great Round World=
+                    =Publishing Company=
+
+             =ARE OFFERED AT $12.00 PER SHARE.=
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+     THIS Stock pays =Eight per cent= per annum interest
+     (semi-annually--April and October). Applications will be
+     filled in the order of their receipt, and should be
+     addressed to the Treasurer of
+
+                        =THE=
+           =Great Round World Publishing Co.=
+              =No. 3 & 5 WEST 18th STREET,=
+                      =NEW YORK.=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+     =IN VIEW OF INTEREST MANIFESTED, AND AT THE REQUEST OF
+     SUBSCRIBERS, WE HAVE DECIDED TO EXTEND THE TIME FOR=
+
+                 The Great Round World
+                 PRIZE CONTEST...
+
+                           =Until Oct 15, 1897.=
+
+     (_=See Conditions in Advertisement
+     on another Page=_)...
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+    *        *        *        *        *
+
+    EXAMINATIONS
+
+    Have you thought of the Relief Maps for examination work?
+    Are you following from day to day the war in the East?
+
+    Klemm's Relief Practice Maps
+
+     especially adapted to examination work, as they are
+     perfectly free from all political details. Any examination
+     work may be done on them.
+
+     For following the Eastern Question use Klemm's Roman Empire,
+     and record each day's events. Small flags attached to pins,
+     and moved on a map as the armies move, keep the details
+     before you in a most helpful way, especially when you use
+     the Relief Maps.
+
+    SAMPLE SET, RELIEF MAPS (15), $1.00
+    SAMPLE ROMAN EMPIRE, - 10 CENTS
+
+    WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON, - - 5 West 18th Street, N.Y.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  A Good Agent
+    Wanted
+  In Every Town
+              for
+    "The Great Round World"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+    AS A
+    =SPECIAL INDUCEMENT=
+
+    for our subscribers to interest others in "The Great Round
+    World," we will give to each subscriber who sends us $2.50 to
+    pay for a year's subscription to a new name, a copy of
+
+    =Rand, McNally & Co.=
+      =1897 Atlas of the World.=
+
+    =160 pages of colored maps from new plates, size 11 1/2 x 14
+    inches, printed on special paper with marginal index, and well
+    worth its regular price - - - - $2.50.=
+
+Every one has some sort of an atlas, doubtless, but an old atlas is no
+better than an old directory; countries do not move away, as do people,
+but they do change and our knowledge of them increases, and this atlas,
+made in 1897 from =new= plates, is perfect and up to date and covers every
+point on
+
+    =The Great Round World.=
+
+Those not subscribers should secure the subscription of a friend and remit
+$5 to cover it and their own. A copy of the atlas will be sent to either
+address.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+GREAT ROUND WORLD,
+_3 and 5 West 18th Street, · · · · · · · ·New York City._
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is
+Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 44, September 9, 1897, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND ***
+
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+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+  <head>
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" />
+    <title>
+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Great Round World and What Is Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 44, September 9, 1897, by Julia Truitt Bishop.
+    </title>
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+
+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is Going On
+In It, Vol. 1, No. 44, September 9, 1897, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Great Round World and What Is Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 44, September 9, 1897
+       A Weekly Magazine for Boys and Girls
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: Julia Truitt Bishop
+
+Release Date: June 2, 2005 [EBook #15970]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team.(www.pgdp.net)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="./images/cover.png"><img src="./images/cover-tb.png" alt="Cover Illustration, Globe" title="Cover Illustration, Globe" /></a></div>
+<div class='center'><b>Copyright, 1897, by <span class='smcap'>William Beverley Harison</span></b></div>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<div><big><span class="u"><i>To Any Subscriber Securing</i></span></big></div>
+
+<h3>For Us <b><big>1</big></b> <i>NEW SUBSCRIPTION</i></h3>
+
+<div class='center'><i><span class="u">We Will Send, Post-Paid,<br /> A BOUND
+VOLUME OF ...</span></i></div>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="./images/bound1.png" alt="The Great Round World" title="The Great ROund World" /></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'><span class="u"><i>These volumes are neatly bound in cloth,<br /> with title stamped on side and
+back, and<br /> make a neat library book, handy in size<br /> and weight, and
+tasteful in appearance.</i></span></div>
+
+<div><br /><span style="margin-left: 8em;"><b>PART I.</b> <i>contains</i></span>
+ <br /><span style="margin-left: 12em;"><b>NOVEMBER 11th, 1896 to FEBRUARY 18th, 1897</b></span></div>
+
+<div><br /><span style="margin-left: 8em;"><b>PART II.</b> <i>contains</i></span>
+ <br /><span style="margin-left: 12em;"><b>FEBRUARY 25th, 1897 to JUNE 3d, 1897</b></span></div>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Albert Ross Parsons</span>, <i>President, American College of Musicians,</i> writes
+concerning his son, aged 10: "The bound volume of the first fifteen
+numbers has remained his daily mental food and amusement ever since it
+arrived. I thank you for your great service both to our young people and
+to their elders."</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 25%;" />
+<div class='center'>
+<b><span class="smcap"><big>The Great Round World</big></span></b><br />
+<span class="smcap"><b>3 and 5 West 18th street  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; NEW YORK CITY</b></span><br />
+</div>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<h4>YOUR OPPORTUNITY</h4>
+
+<p class="center">THE</p>
+
+<h1>Journal of Education</h1>
+
+<p class="center">EVERY WEEK</p>
+
+<p class="center"><big>From Sept. 1, 1897, to Jan. 1, 1898</big></p>
+
+<p class="center">FOR ONLY</p>
+
+<div class="center"><b><big>FIFTY CENTS</big></b></div>
+
+<hr style='width: 25%;' />
+
+<p>You can get more practical help, more valuable suggestions, and more
+real assistance in your schoolroom work, out of the <i>Journal of
+Education</i>, than from any other educational paper.</p>
+
+<p>The <i>Journal</i> will have a richer feast to offer its readers during the
+coming year than every before. Nature-study will continue to be a
+prominent feature. The best talent will be employed to prepare
+programmes and exercises for the proper observance of the birthdays of
+noted men, and all school holidays.</p>
+
+<p>A monthly pictorial supplement will be given with the <i>Journal</i>, as
+during the past year.</p>
+
+<div class='bbox'>
+<div class="center"><b>TEACHERS' HANDBOOK FREE.</b></div>
+
+<div class='blockquot'><p>If you will cut this advertisement out and send it to us
+with your order, we will send you postpaid a valuable
+Teachers' Handbook, bound in paper, 130 pages, free of
+charge. The regular price of the book is 50 cents.<br />
+
+<span style="margin-left: 25em;">(G.R.W.) </span></p></div></div>
+
+<p><b><big>Remainder of This Year Free.</big></b> For only <b>$2.50</b>, <span class="smcap">new</span>
+subscribers can have the <i>Journal of Education</i> weekly, from the time
+their order is received at this office until January 1, 1899, provided
+reference is made to this offer.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 25%;' />
+
+<p class="center"><i>Published weekly at</i> $2.50 <i>a year. Trial Trip,</i> 5 <i>months for</i> $1.00.
+</p>
+<hr style='width: 25%;' />
+
+<p class="center"><b><big>NEW ENGLAND PUBLISHING COMPANY</big></b><br />
+<b>3 Somerset Street, Boston, Mass.</b></p>
+
+<hr style='width: 65%;' />
+
+<h2>"The Great Round World" PRIZE CONTEST</h2>
+
+
+<p><span class="smcap">The Great Round World</span> is now over six months old, and it feels
+some anxiety to know just how much interest its readers have taken in
+the news and how much information they have gained from its pages. To
+ascertain this, it has been decided to offer ten prizes for the best
+answers to the following:</p>
+
+<div class='center'><span class='u'><b>Name ten of the most important events that have been mentioned in "The
+Great Round World" in the first 30 numbers, that is, up to number of
+June 3d.</b></span></div>
+
+<div class='center'><i>In mentioning these events give briefly reasons for considering them
+important.</i></div>
+
+<p>This competition will be open to subscribers only, and any one desiring
+to enter the competition must send to this office their name and the
+date of their subscription; a number will then be given them.</p>
+
+<p>All new subscribers will be furnished with a card entitling them to
+enter the competition.</p>
+
+<p>In making the selection of important events, remember that wars and
+political events are not necessarily the most important. If, for
+instance, the air-ship had turned out to be a genuine and successful
+thing, it would have been most important as affecting the history of the
+world. Or if by chance the telephone or telegraph had been invented in
+this period, these inventions would have been <i>important</i> events.</p>
+
+<p>Prizes will be awarded to those who make the best selection and who
+mention the events in the best order of their importance. Answers may be
+sent in any time before September 1st.</p>
+
+<p>The Great Round World does not want you to hurry over this contest, but
+to take plenty of time and do the work carefully. It will be a pleasant
+occupation for the summer months.</p>
+
+<p>We would advise you to take the magazines starting at No. 1, look them
+over carefully, keep a note-book at your side, and jot down in it the
+events that seem to you important; when you have finished them all, No.
+1 to 30, look over your notes and select the ten events that seem to you
+to be the most important, stating after each event your reason for
+thinking it important.</p>
+
+<p>For instance: suppose you decide that the death of Dr. Ruiz was one of
+these important events, you might say, "The killing of Dr. Ruiz in the
+prison of Guanabacoa&mdash;because it brought the cruelties practised on
+American citizens to the attention of our Government," etc., etc.</p>
+
+<p>In sending your answers put your number and the date only on them, for
+the judges are not to know names and addresses of the contestants, that
+there may be no favoritism shown.</p>
+
+<p>It is important to put date on, for if two or more are found of similar
+standing, the one first received will be given preference.</p>
+
+<p>Address all letters to REVIEW PRIZE CONTEST DEPARTMENT,
+<span class="smcap">Great Round World</span>, 3 and 5 West 18th Street, &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;New York City.</p>
+
+<div class='center'><i>Write answer on one side of the paper only</i></div>
+
+<div class='center'><b>Prizes will be selections from the premium catalogue</b></div>
+
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="Prizes">
+<tr><td align='left'>No. 1.</td>
+<td align='left'>Premiums</td>
+<td align='left'>&nbsp; as</td>
+<td align='left'>&nbsp;given</td>
+<td align='left'>&nbsp;for</td>
+<td align='left'>&nbsp;15</td>
+<td align='left'>&nbsp;Subscriptions</td></tr>
+
+<tr><td align='left'>No. 2.</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='right'>12</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td></tr>
+
+<tr><td align='left'>No. 3.</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='right'>10</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td></tr>
+
+<tr><td align='left'>No. 4.</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='right'>9</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td></tr>
+
+<tr><td align='left'>No. 5.</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='right'>8</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td></tr>
+
+<tr><td align='left'>No. 6.</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='right'>7</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td></tr>
+
+<tr><td align='left'>No. 7.</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='right'>5</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td></tr>
+
+<tr><td align='left'>No. 8.</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='right'>5</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td></tr>
+
+<tr><td align='left'>No. 9.</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='right'>5</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td></tr>
+
+<tr><td align='left'>No. 10.</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td>
+<td align='right'>2</td>
+<td align='center'>&quot;</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'><b>TIME EXTENDED UNTIL OCT. 15, 1897.</b></div>
+<p><a name="Page_1235" id="Page_1235"></a></p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p class="figcenter"><img src="./images/title.png" alt="THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT" title="THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT" /></p>
+
+<div class='center'><b><span class='smcap'>Vol.</span> 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class='smcap'>September</span> 9, 1897.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class='smcap'>No.</span> 44</b></div>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 45%;" />
+
+<p>The Armenians in Turkey are becoming restless once more.</p>
+
+<p>They say they have waited long enough for the promised reforms, and as
+the Sultan has made none of the proposed changes, they have once again
+shown their hatred for him and his rule by resorting to that most
+cowardly of weapons, a dynamite bomb.</p>
+
+<p>One day last week all Constantinople was alarmed by the noise of several
+loud explosions.</p>
+
+<p>It was soon found that dynamite bombs had been thrown into the windows
+of the Government Council House. The entire building was shaken to its
+foundations, the roof torn off, and the walls badly damaged.</p>
+
+<p>A meeting of ministers in the Grand Vizier's office had been proposed
+for the hour at which the explosion took place, and it was supposed that
+the cowardly assassins had intended to murder the Turkish officials
+while they were attending to their duties. Happily the meeting had been
+postponed, and therefore but little harm was done beyond the damage to
+the building.</p>
+
+<p>The people had hardly recovered from their horror over the wrecking of
+the Council House when word <a name="Page_1236" id="Page_1236"></a>was brought that an attempt had been made
+to blow up the Ottoman Bank.</p>
+
+<p>Just a year ago an attack was made on the Bank, and on that occasion its
+officers were so unprepared for an attack that the Armenians gained
+possession of the building, and held it against the soldiers for several
+hours.</p>
+
+<p>The Ottoman Bank of Turkey has charge of the public funds, so it is to
+the interest of the Government to see that it is well protected. Since
+the Armenian attack, therefore, there has not only been a special guard
+on duty to protect the bank, but men stationed at the doors to inspect
+every person who entered, and prevent any suspicious-looking characters
+from gaining access to the main building.</p>
+
+<p>These precautions probably saved many precious lives, for, on the same
+afternoon that the bomb was thrown a man was seen entering the bank who
+was so extraordinarily fat that the watchers became suspicious of him.</p>
+
+<p>They refused to let him enter the main building, and taking him into a
+little side room set apart for the purpose, they searched him.</p>
+
+<p>They found, as they had suspected, that his great size was due to a huge
+dynamite bomb, which he was trying to conceal under his robes. In Turkey
+many of the people have not adopted the European dress of coat and
+trousers, but still cling to their long loose robes.</p>
+
+<p>As soon as the bomb was discovered it was carefully put into water, the
+man was arrested, and the bank closed its doors, an extra guard of
+soldiers being sent for to protect it.</p>
+
+<p>The news of the attempt on the bank was followed <a name="Page_1237" id="Page_1237"></a>by the calling out of
+the palace guard and the closing of all the entrances to the palace.</p>
+
+<p>A rumor was then spread abroad that another bomb had been found within
+the palace grounds, and that yet another had been found that was
+intended to blow up the Police Headquarters.</p>
+
+<p>When the news of these various outrages was noised abroad the people
+were panic-stricken.</p>
+
+<p>Crowds of Turks rushed from their homes, anxious to defend their city
+and their Sultan, and, armed with sticks, they hurried through the
+streets, not knowing where to go, or what to do first.</p>
+
+<p>Alarmed lest their good intentions should lead them into acts of
+violence, and that Constantinople would be plunged into the horrors of
+riot and mob rule, the police and patrols ordered the men back to their
+homes, severely clubbing those who were slow to obey.</p>
+
+<p>Soon the streets were given over to the soldiers, and not a soul was to
+be seen abroad but those connected with the guards and patrols.</p>
+
+<p>When the streets were cleared, the police made a search of the Armenian
+quarter, and many suspicious characters were arrested.</p>
+
+<p>The certainty that these outrages were the work of Armenians has roused
+the Mohammedan population to fresh fury, and a repetition of the
+massacres of last year is feared.</p>
+
+<p>The better class of Armenians in Constantinople denounce the shameful
+deeds, and are enraged at the men who have once more turned the wrath of
+the Turks against the unhappy Christians in the Sultan's domains.</p><p><a name="Page_1238" id="Page_1238"></a></p>
+
+<p>There is a feeling of great uneasiness throughout the city, the Turks
+fearing that more dynamite bombs will be thrown, and the Armenians that
+the mob will take a hideous vengeance for the outrage.</p>
+
+<p>In the midst of all this danger and confusion, the foreign ambassadors
+are endeavoring to arrange for the treaty of peace between Greece and
+Turkey.</p>
+
+<p>The peace negotiations seem, however, to be at a standstill.</p>
+
+<p>The protests of Greece against Germany's proposal that her treasury be
+controlled until the war indemnity should be paid, finally aroused
+England to action.</p>
+
+<p>It was further proposed, if you remember, that the Turkish troops were
+not to be withdrawn from Thessaly until the last pound had been paid; it
+was also suggested that a regiment or two at a time should leave, as the
+debt was paid off, but that Thessaly should be held by the Turks as a
+guarantee that Greece would pay.</p>
+
+<p>The other Powers, apparently forgetting that they had sent ultimatums to
+Turkey on this subject, finally agreed that the Turkish troops should
+stay; but England refused point-blank to listen to any such scheme.</p>
+
+<p>Lord Salisbury, the English Prime Minister, said that whether the war
+indemnity be paid or not, the Turkish troops must at once leave
+Thessaly. He declared firmly that he would permit no other settlement of
+the question, and that rather than allow the Turks to remain longer on
+Greek soil, England would break up the concert of the Powers, and take
+the consequences.</p>
+
+<p>These were very brave words, and highly pleasing <a name="Page_1239" id="Page_1239"></a>to the national pride
+and spirit of England, but the other Powers were indignant that England
+should take such a stand. They pretended to forget the angry despatches
+which they had sent on this very same subject, and the times they had
+refused to carry on further negotiations unless the Sultan consented to
+withdraw from Thessaly, and appeared to think that it was the duty of
+England to agree with them, no matter how often they changed their
+minds.</p>
+
+<p>England alone seemed clearly to see that the consent of the Powers to
+this infamous scheme was only the result of the Sultan's wearisome
+delays, which after fourteen weeks of unprofitable haggling and
+bargaining have made the ambassadors anxious to get the matter settled
+one way or another, and be rid of the Sultan and his diplomacy.</p>
+
+<p>England stated her reasons for refusing to agree with the other Powers.
+She said that the war indemnity demanded by Turkey was so large that
+Greece could never pay it, and that the Turkish occupation of Thessaly
+until the debt was settled really meant that Thessaly was to be ceded to
+Turkey.</p>
+
+<p>As we have said, the English were very pleased over the stand Lord
+Salisbury had taken. It seemed to have been done just at the right
+moment, when the Powers, weary of the delay and anxious to have the
+Turkish army disbanded, would be ready to threaten Turkey with war if
+she did not immediately obey them.</p>
+
+<p>This Turkish army is felt to be a very serious menace to Europe. The
+Sultan has an enormous number of soldiers now under arms, and moreover
+this army of his is a victorious army, proud of its <a name="Page_1240" id="Page_1240"></a>strength, and
+anxious to have fresh opportunity to show its mettle and courage.</p>
+
+<p>An uneasy feeling therefore prevails while this large force is kept
+under arms, as at any moment the Sultan may take it into his head to try
+and reconquer the Balkan provinces which he lost in the war with Russia.</p>
+
+<p>Should he attempt such a thing Europe would be bound to go to the aid of
+the province, and the much-dreaded European war would result. Until the
+Turkish army is disbanded the peace of Europe cannot be assured.</p>
+
+<p>It was felt, therefore, that Lord Salisbury had chosen a happy time for
+his protest, and that the Sultan must now be forced into doing what is
+right.</p>
+
+<p>Unfortunately, Lord Salisbury, while he is a very clever statesman, has
+not the courage of his own opinions. He can think out a clever plan
+which would be of the greatest benefit to his country, and though in the
+beginning he will try with great firmness to enforce it, he cannot stand
+up against strong opposition. He has time and again abandoned some
+excellent policy, and veered completely round, when he has met strong
+opposition.</p>
+
+<p>Much anxiety was felt in London on the present occasion lest he should
+not be able to maintain the firm stand he had taken on the Greek
+question. This anxiety grew keener when it was found that the other
+Powers were opposed to him. His party and his friends did their best to
+persuade him to remain firm, and for a time it seemed as though nothing
+could shake his resolution. At last the unwelcome news was given out
+that the British ambassador in Con<a name="Page_1241" id="Page_1241"></a>stantinople had received instructions
+from Lord Salisbury to accept the peace proposals of the Turks, and
+allow them to remain in Thessaly until the debt should be paid off.</p>
+
+<p>Lord Salisbury's reason for yielding is rumored to be that the five
+ambassadors, representing France, Germany, Russia, Austria, and Italy,
+were ready to sign the first treaty without waiting for the consent of
+England.</p>
+
+<p>This is said to have alarmed the British Prime Minister, and made him
+fear that the other Powers would combine against England if he persisted
+in his determination, and so he weakly deserted Greece; and the Turks
+will remain in Thessaly until the war indemnity is paid.</p>
+
+<p>It is, however, stated that the British, French, and Russian ambassadors
+have all sent word to their governments that it is quite impossible for
+Greece to pay the sum demanded by Turkey.</p>
+
+<p>Steps are therefore being taken to induce the Sultan to accept a smaller
+sum, but the chances are that his success in securing Thessaly will make
+Abdul Hamid refuse to take a piaster less. He will be sure to think that
+if he only holds out long enough he will get everything he asks for.</p>
+
+<p>In Athens the people are not at all willing to accept the proposed
+treaty.</p>
+
+<p>At a mass-meeting the other night a resolution was prepared and sent to
+the King, asking him to reject the treaty and resume the war.</p>
+
+<p>The general feeling throughout Greece is, however, against a continuance
+of war.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' /><p><a name="Page_1242" id="Page_1242"></a></p>
+
+<p>The news from India is of a gloomy character.</p>
+
+<p>Fresh revolts have occurred on the frontier of Afghanistan. A tribe, the
+Afridis, has joined the rebellion against the British rule.</p>
+
+<p>The disaffection of this tribe, which numbers about twenty thousand
+first-class hill-fighters, is most serious to the British cause. It is
+not its strength that alarms the English, however, but that the English
+army in India has been largely recruited from the Afridis, and so the
+rebels are not confined to the enemy that has to be faced, but numbers
+of them are found in the very regiments that are being sent to the front
+to quell the disturbance.</p>
+
+<p>The Afridis have until now been most loyal to the Government, and were
+looked upon as safeguards in case the rebellion assumed a more serious
+form. During the Afghan war this tribe held the Khyber Pass for the
+British, and did them great service, as this pass is the main mountain
+route in the north between Afghanistan and Hindustan.</p>
+
+<p>A revolt of the Afridis was the event most to be feared by the British,
+and it now appears to have taken place.</p>
+
+<p>A large force of tribesmen entered into Khyber Pass, attacked the forts
+which guarded it, and unfortunately were successful in capturing them.
+The force of British soldiers at hand was not strong enough to drive
+them back, and they were able to swarm into the Pass in great numbers
+and possess themselves of it.</p>
+
+<p>The Pass once taken, they had the temerity to offer to treat with the
+British for peace, and promise to go <a name="Page_1243" id="Page_1243"></a>peaceably back to their homes if
+the soldiers should be withdrawn from all the forts on the frontier.</p>
+
+<p>The British Government is incensed that the tribesmen should be so
+little afraid of the power of the English arms, and has determined to
+conquer this rebellious tribe, and give it a lesson in obedience that
+will not soon be forgotten.</p>
+
+<p>Now that the outbreak has assumed such a serious form, every one is
+trying to discover a reason for the rebellion. Some think that the
+Sultan of Turkey is at the root of the matter, and that he has caused
+the news of his victory over the Greeks to be spread broadcast
+throughout the whole Mohammedan race, thereby creating the impression
+that the power of Europe has been shaken, and in this way has given the
+natives of Hindustan an idea that it is an excellent opportunity for
+them to try to throw off the hated European sovereignty.</p>
+
+<p>Another rumor is that the Ameer of Afghanistan has incited the tribes to
+rebel, and that he is secretly giving them his support and assistance.</p>
+
+<p>All the revolting tribes dwell on the borders of Afghanistan, and it is
+known for a fact that the Ameer distributed among the native Indian
+regiments a book of treasonable character, telling them all about the
+Jehad or Holy War. This war, according to the Mohammedan belief, is to
+be undertaken by the Moslems against the Christians, and is to result in
+the spreading of the Mohammedan faith throughout the world.</p>
+
+<p>The circulation of these books excited the natives very much, and it is
+thought had a great deal to do with their present restless and
+rebellious spirit.</p><p><a name="Page_1244" id="Page_1244"></a></p>
+
+<p>The Indian Government therefore sent a message to the Ameer protesting
+against the further circulation of this book, and accusing him of
+exciting the tribes to rebel, and then of allowing his subjects to take
+part with them against the English.</p>
+
+<p>The Ameer sent a prompt reply in which he denied that any of his
+subjects had been concerned in the recent troubles.</p>
+
+<p>He said that his soldiers should never be used to fight against the
+British, and that if any of the tribes under his rule are guilty of
+joining in a rebellion against his friend the Queen, it is without his
+knowledge or consent. He insisted that none of his people would have
+dared to join the rebels openly, for fear of his severe displeasure.</p>
+
+<p>In addition to this letter to the British Government, he has issued an
+order to his subjects, forbidding them to join the rebels.</p>
+
+<p>Notwithstanding this, the British officers in India place no reliance on
+the Ameer's protestations, and still believe that he is directing the
+operations of the troops on the frontier.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Spain is still sorrowing for the loss of her Prime Minister, Se&ntilde;or
+Canovas.</p>
+
+<p>This great statesman was buried with all the honors which his patriotism
+merited. The public buildings were all draped in black, all business was
+suspended in Madrid during the ceremonies, and all honor was paid to his
+memory, the Queen Regent sending personal messages of sympathy to his
+widow, and ordering the court to go into mourning for him for three
+days.</p><p><a name="Page_1245" id="Page_1245"></a></p>
+
+<p>Kings and princes cannot give expression to their feelings as private
+individuals do; they have their public duties to perform, and therefore
+no matter how sincere their grief they are not at liberty to shut
+themselves away from the world and mourn their loss.</p>
+
+<p>When a member of a royal family dies, the sovereign orders that a
+certain number of days or weeks shall be observed as days of mourning.
+During this time the whole court is dressed in black or the color that
+is used as mourning in that special country. In France, purple used to
+be the color of the court mourning; in China they use white. The
+servants as well as the ladies and gentlemen of the sovereign's
+household all wear the mourning color, and during the period set apart
+for the days of mourning no dinners or festivities of any sort are
+given, no persons are received or presented at the court, and the king
+and court retire into private life.</p>
+
+<p>As soon as the appointed time is passed, the mourning garments are laid
+aside, and the gaieties are resumed as if nothing had happened to
+interrupt them.</p>
+
+<p>As a rule, a court only goes into mourning for a relative of the
+sovereign or a member of the reigning family. It is most unusual for a
+court to be ordered to mourn for a person who is not of the royal blood,
+and that the Spanish court has been ordered to pay this mark of respect
+to Se&ntilde;or Canovas shows the high esteem in which he was held.</p>
+
+<p>The cowardly assassin who murdered the Prime Minister has suffered the
+penalty of his infamous crime. He was tried, found guilty of his
+dreadful deed, and put to death.</p>
+
+<p>The Queen Regent has had to choose another Prime<a name="Page_1246" id="Page_1246"></a> Minister in Canovas'
+stead, and this has been a hard task for her. In Canovas she lost her
+best friend and constant adviser, and his place was not easily filled.</p>
+
+<p>On the death of Se&ntilde;or Canovas, General Azcarraga, by virtue of his
+office of Minister of War, assumed the duties of the Prime Minister, and
+it is upon him that the Queen's choice has fallen. General Azcarraga is
+supposed to be thoroughly in sympathy with Se&ntilde;or Canovas' plans for
+Cuba, and to be prepared to carry them out.</p>
+
+<p>He is said to approve of the way Weyler has been conducting the war, and
+intends to keep him as Captain-General of Cuba.</p>
+
+<p>It is reported that when the news of Se&ntilde;or Canovas' death reached
+Havana, General Weyler at once offered to resign his position, well
+knowing that if Se&ntilde;or Sagasta was made Prime Minister in Canovas' place
+there would be a new Captain-General in Cuba within the month.</p>
+
+<p>Sagasta has, as you probably remember, many kindly plans for Cuba, and
+had he come into power it is thought would have endeavored to give Cuba
+home rule.</p>
+
+<p>The Queen has, however, put an end to his hopes by appointing General
+Azcarraga, and Sagasta must be content to wait.</p>
+
+<p>In the mean while the Carlists are gathering in force, prepared to
+revolt as soon as Don Carlos shall bid them to. It is reported that
+sixty thousand well-armed men are ready to answer to his call.</p>
+
+<p>Don Carlos, however, persists in awaiting the result of the Cuban war
+before he attempts to seize the throne. He declares that he loves his
+country too <a name="Page_1247" id="Page_1247"></a>well to plunge it into a civil war at the moment when it is
+harassed by outside enemies.</p>
+
+<p>The situation in Cuba continues to improve for the insurgents. They are
+strong, hopeful, and victorious. They have not as yet risked any great
+battle, but in their raids and forays against the enemy are constantly
+successful.</p>
+
+<p>It is reported on the best authority that Gomez has crossed the Matanzas
+border, and is now in Havana province. It is also said that the trochas
+have been abandoned by the Spaniards, and the insurgents cross them at
+will.</p>
+
+<p>The Spanish garrisons are now being withdrawn from the smaller interior
+towns and concentrated in the important places, principally on the
+seaboard.</p>
+
+<p>The condition of the Spanish soldiers grows daily worse, while the
+rebels have become so inured to hardship that they have developed into
+fine, sturdy soldiers.</p>
+
+<p>If Spain is not able to send strong reinforcements soon, the end of the
+Cuban war cannot be very far off.</p>
+
+<p>General Woodford, the United States minister to Spain, will arrive in
+Madrid about September 1st, and it is expected that he will be presented
+to the Queen Regent about September 15th.</p>
+
+<p>It is stated that he is to endeavor to persuade Spain to put a speedy
+end to the war by granting home rule to Cuba.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Fishback, who acted as Mr. Calhoun's secretary, has, it is said,
+been sent to Cuba on a special mission from the Government. He is to go
+the round of the consulates in the island with Consul-General Lee, and
+obtain an idea of the true conditions in Cuba, <a name="Page_1248" id="Page_1248"></a>and report the result of
+his observations to the President.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>The new tariff law has now been in effect for some weeks, and every day
+there are fresh accounts of the woes of the incoming travellers from
+Europe.</p>
+
+<p>The zeal of the Custom-House officers in performing their duty is only
+equalled by the efforts of the passengers in avoiding theirs. Every
+ship-load that arrives affords infinite sport for the unconcerned
+onlooker.</p>
+
+<p>Last week a French family, consisting of a mother and two sons, arrived.</p>
+
+<p>When asked if they had any dutiable articles, they declared that they
+had brought nothing with them that ought to pay duty. As they had twenty
+pieces of baggage with them, the officials refused to believe that they
+had nothing on which duty should be levied.</p>
+
+<p>The two sons were very elegant and extremely polite French gentlemen.
+They courteously handed their keys to the inspectors, and turned around
+to converse with some equally elegant young ladies who had come to meet
+their party.</p>
+
+<p>Their pleasant conversation was roughly interrupted by the inspectors.</p>
+
+<p>Only six of the twenty pieces of baggage were trunks; the rest proved to
+be packing-cases.</p>
+
+<p>"They've got to be opened," said the heated inspectors.</p>
+
+<p>"Certainly. You have our permission to open them," said the polite young
+Frenchmen.</p>
+
+<p>"What!" roared the inspectors, "Open them! We are not carpenters! Open
+them yourselves!"</p>
+
+<p>There and then these well-dressed, well-mannered <a name="Page_1249" id="Page_1249"></a>young men had to set
+to work to pry open their own packing-cases.</p>
+
+<p>By this time their suavity had so exasperated the officials, who are not
+accustomed to politeness and pleasant words from incoming passengers,
+that they decided that the young Frenchmen must have a reason for their
+good manners, and be in fact dangerous smugglers.</p>
+
+<p>As one of the young men bent over a packing-case it was noticed that his
+coat-pockets bulged suspiciously. Before he could offer a protest he and
+his mother and brother were hurried away to the offices and searched.</p>
+
+<p>In spite of their best endeavors the inspectors were unable to find
+anything dutiable in the belongings of this charming family, and finally
+the young Frenchmen were permitted to go on their way with their mother
+and their belongings. It would have been a little interesting to have
+obtained from them their first impressions of America.</p>
+
+<p>The officials were, however, so angry that these good people had not
+turned out to be smugglers, that they gave the next few passengers who
+fell into their hands a very unhappy time.</p>
+
+<p>One man who had bought a two-dollar doll for his little girl was obliged
+to pay $1.50 as duty on it. Another who had spent $200 on new gowns for
+his wife had to pay another $126 before he was able to take them to her.</p>
+
+<p>One father was loud in his protests because he was taxed for the dresses
+his daughters were wearing, and which he declared had been used by them
+for a year and a half.</p><p><a name="Page_1250" id="Page_1250"></a></p>
+
+<p>Nobody escaped on that unlucky day, and from eighty passengers about
+$5,000 was collected. If this keeps up, our treasury will soon be
+overflowing.</p>
+
+<p>So annoying has the Dingley Bill made matters for travellers that a
+consultation has been held by the customs officials, to see whether it
+is not possible to make things a little easier for them.</p>
+
+<p>The bill was aimed at importers, or people who buy and sell goods
+manufactured in foreign countries. It was not intended to harass the
+lives out of tourists who have merely purchased a few pretty things
+while they have been abroad.</p>
+
+<p>It would of course be unjust to allow these said pretty things to be
+brought into the country free of duty, lest unscrupulous persons should
+take advantage of the Government's kindness to avoid paying duty on
+articles they intended to sell.</p>
+
+<p>The inspectors have, however, felt that it is not right to tax wearing
+apparel that has evidently been bought for the traveller's own use, and
+has been worn.</p>
+
+<p>The result of the conference of the Custom-House officials has been a
+petition to the Secretary of the Treasury, asking him to allow the
+Collector of the port of New York so to interpret the new law that
+innocent travellers may not be taxed as if they were importers trying to
+smuggle in goods.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>The great coal strike still remains unsettled.</p>
+
+<p>It was hoped that it would be brought to a close this week, as both the
+miners and the owners had agreed to meet and discuss the matter, to see
+if some understanding could not be reached.</p><p><a name="Page_1251" id="Page_1251"></a></p>
+
+<p>The meeting has taken place, but unfortunately the two parties are as
+far apart as ever.</p>
+
+<p>The idea of the conference was to arrange that the dispute might he
+arbitrated.</p>
+
+<p>As soon as the meeting was called to order, the miners offered to return
+to work if they were paid at the rate of sixty-nine cents for each ton
+of coal mined, with the understanding that they would accept a reduction
+if the arbitrators found that such payment was higher than the owners
+could afford.</p>
+
+<p>The owners refused this offer, and instead proposed that the miners
+should go to work at fifty-four cents per ton, and that the arbitrators
+should then decide upon a fair rate of payment. If it proved to be
+higher than fifty-four cents, the owners would then make up the
+difference to the men.</p>
+
+<p>This offer being refused, the owners said they would pay sixty-one
+cents, and make up the difference if the arbitration went against them.</p>
+
+<p>The miners, however, refused to listen to these proposals, and the
+conference broke up.</p>
+
+<p>Both miners and owners declare that there is no present prospect of
+reaching an understanding, and that there is nothing for it but to fight
+the battle to its end.</p>
+
+<p>The owners intend to try to open the mines with non-union men. The
+miners are preparing to prevent these men from going into the mines.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>There has been great excitement during the past few days over the sudden
+rise of the wheat market.</p>
+
+<p>Nearly all of the great countries of the world, with the exception of
+the United States, have had poor <a name="Page_1252" id="Page_1252"></a>wheat crops this year. Our crop has
+been considerably larger than any we have had for several years past.
+People cannot do without bread, and in consequence of this failure of
+their crops, other countries have had to come to us and buy. They have
+of course had to pay whatever price we asked, and as a natural
+consequence the price of wheat has gone up enormously.</p>
+
+<p>All the people who were clever enough to foresee this demand from
+abroad, and buy up the wheat before the orders came in, have made
+fortunes during the past few days. They refused to sell their grain
+until its price had gone up to nearly double what they had paid for it,
+and are now smiling and happy, and thinking that prosperity has come at
+last.</p>
+
+<p>Though a little flurry in the price of wheat cannot of itself make
+prosperity, the demands on our carrying trade for the shipment of the
+grain to foreign countries has brought a great deal of business to our
+shores. It is stated that the piers around New York present a more busy
+scene than has been witnessed since the dull times began.</p>
+
+<p>Grain elevators are in constant use loading the ships, and so great is
+the demand that the little floating elevators are getting a large share
+of the business.</p>
+
+<p>Ships are being loaded for France, the Argentine Republic, South Africa,
+Portugal, and many other foreign countries.</p>
+
+<p>Three million bushels of wheat were sent out of the country during the
+past week.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>You will be interested to hear of the capture of Drunami, the king of
+Benin, who has been wandering <a name="Page_1253" id="Page_1253"></a>in the African forests since the
+destruction of Benin City, by the expedition sent out from England last
+February to punish him for the murder of the English travellers. (See
+page 344.)</p>
+
+<p>Drunami finally returned to Benin, and surrendered to the British
+authorities.</p>
+
+<p>The soldiers who were guarding the city one day caught sight of a large
+body of natives approaching the walls.</p>
+
+<p>Ahead of the main body ran a messenger carrying a white flag, to show
+that their mission was one of peace. He was closely followed by Drunami,
+ten of his principal chiefs, and eight hundred unarmed warriors.</p>
+
+<p>The English soldiers were called out, and the King was allowed to enter
+the city.</p>
+
+<p>He stated that he had come to make submission to the British Queen or
+her representative, and begged that in consideration for his rank he
+might be allowed to make his submission in private.</p>
+
+<p>When this message was brought to the Resident, as the English governor
+is called, he refused to grant the request.</p>
+
+<p>He said that Drunami's rebellion against the Queen had been public, and
+therefore his submission must be public also.</p>
+
+<p>The King of Benin thereupon held a council with his chiefs, who after
+much arguing decided that it was best to obey the wishes of the
+Resident, and make public submission.</p>
+
+<p>Word of his intention was accordingly sent to the Resident, who
+thereupon repaired to the Council House, and, taking his position on its
+steps, waited the arrival of the penitent King.</p><p><a name="Page_1254" id="Page_1254"></a></p>
+
+<p>Drunami, as he advanced to meet him, presented a very strange
+appearance. From head to foot his black skin was covered with coral
+ornaments. On his arms and ankles were numberless bangles, those on his
+arms being so many and so heavy that he could not raise his arms, but
+had to have them supported by his followers.</p>
+
+<p>He had by this time added a band of music to his train, and to the
+mournful music which they made on their reed instruments the King and
+his chiefs marched in front of the Council House, and in the presence of
+the soldiers whom the Resident had ordered to assemble, publicly
+tendered his submission to the Queen of England.</p>
+
+<p>This act was accomplished by bowing very low before the Resident, and
+then kneeling on the ground and rubbing his forehead three times in the
+dust.</p>
+
+<p>The ten chiefs repeated the ceremony after their King; and thus having
+signified their regret for their evil deeds, and their intention to be
+faithful and obedient in future, the King and his followers were allowed
+to take their way back to the palace in Benin.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>England seems to have taken to heart the conduct of the Irish people
+during the recent jubilee, and to be endeavoring to make peace with the
+denizens of the Emerald Isle.</p>
+
+<p>There have been many complaints that the royal family never visited
+Ireland, and that the money and trade that a royal pageant always brings
+with it have been purposely withheld from the land of St. Patrick.</p>
+
+<p>There is a good deal of justice in this complaint. The Queen, who goes
+so often to Scotland, has not set <a name="Page_1255" id="Page_1255"></a>foot in Ireland since 1861, nor has
+the Prince of Wales since 1871. At the same time Ireland has been in
+such an unsettled state that it has not seemed a very safe country in
+which to trust the precious life of a sovereign.</p>
+
+<p>Now, however, the Queen has sent the Duke and Duchess of York to Dublin
+to open the exhibition of Irish industries in that city.</p>
+
+<p>The Duke of York is the Queen's grandson, the eldest living son of the
+Prince of Wales. He is the heir to the throne, and will be the King of
+Great Britain and Ireland if he survives his grandmother and father.</p>
+
+<p>The Queen has therefore entrusted one of the most precious members of
+her family to the keeping of the Irish, and the importance of this act
+may go a long way toward making peace with Ireland.</p>
+
+<p>The wife of the Duke of York is the daughter of one of the most popular
+of the English princesses, and is said to have inherited all her
+mother's amiability and charm of manner.</p>
+
+<p>Entertainments and fetes have been given the young couple, and it is
+rumored that the Queen is about to purchase for them the beautiful
+"Muckross" estate near Killarney.</p>
+
+<p>If this is done, her Majesty will probably require the young people to
+spend a good deal of their time in Ireland.</p>
+
+<p>The Irish themselves have not been very friendly to the young Prince.
+They have indeed rather resented this attempt to gain their friendship.</p>
+
+<p>The entertainments that have been given have been by the government
+officials, the Irish themselves care<a name="Page_1256" id="Page_1256"></a>fully abstaining from any signs of
+satisfaction at the visit.</p>
+
+<p>It has been conveyed to the Prince, however, that the Irish as a nation
+are quite willing to be friendly with him after he has proved himself
+worthy of their friendship.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>France is very proud and happy over the visit of her President, Monsieur
+Faure, to the Czar of Russia.</p>
+
+<p>Last October the Czar visited Paris, and during his stay it was openly
+hinted that an alliance between Russia and France had been formed which
+was to be of great benefit to both countries.</p>
+
+<p>The return visit of Monsieur Faure to Russia is supposed to be for the
+sake of finally cementing the new alliance.</p>
+
+<p>The Russians are making his trip delightful to him in their own
+charmingly hospitable way, and from general appearances it would seem
+that M. Faure's visit is purely one of pleasure. Diplomatists, however,
+declare that the outcome of M. Faure's visit will be a new arrangement
+of the European alliances, which will leave Great Britain out in the
+cold, and lessen her influence in European politics.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>Prof. David Starr Jordan has written a letter from the seal islands
+which fully confirms the worst fears about the decrease of the seal
+herd.</p>
+
+<p>He says that if the sealing is carried on in its present fashion the
+seals will disappear in the Bering Sea in a very short while, and that
+even with the greatest care the herd will not be up to its full strength
+for a good many years.</p><p><a name="Page_1257" id="Page_1257"></a></p>
+
+<p>Not only are there fewer mother seals than formerly, but the killing of
+the young pups has made such a difference in the herd that there are
+very few young braves growing up. This year there seems to be only old
+men and mother seals, and hardly any young families at all.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>This Bering Sea dispute has been very long in settlement and seems to be
+as far from a decision as ever. There is much difference of opinion on
+the subject, and of course there is more than one way of looking at it;
+and yet it would seem as though some agreement ought to be reached that
+would prevent the destruction of the seals.</p>
+
+<p>Doubtless, after much diplomatic delay, dispute, and talk, the matter
+will be settled, and we will hope that this may be accomplished before
+it is too late to save the seals from dying out.</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 22em;">G.</span><span class="smcap">H. Rosenfeld.</span><br />
+</p>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2>THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND THE</h2>
+
+<h2>PEOPLE WHO LIVED ON IT.</h2>
+
+<div class='center'>(Continued from page 1234.)</div>
+
+
+<p>And so, next to the dwellings for life, they built dwellings for
+death&mdash;built them larger and stronger, too, since so many graves are
+left in excellent preservation, while no houses at all have survived to
+satisfy our curiosity. A universally favorite form of grave is the
+so-called "mound" (known in England as "barrow"). These mound-tombs, to
+judge from what is found in them, were constructed to hold the remains
+<a name="Page_1258" id="Page_1258"></a>of the wealthy and powerful among the people, often of their kings.
+They differ greatly in size and richness, but all are alike in this:
+that the place for the body or bodies is dug more or less deep in the
+ground, then closed tight with stones or slabs and hard-stamped soil,
+above which is raised an earthen mound, on which the grass grows&mdash;hence
+the name.</p>
+
+<p>The "mound-builders" have been busy all over the world. There is no flat
+country on any part of the earth where these strange monuments have not
+been found, singly or in groups, and it taxes at times a sharp eye to
+know them from the natural grass-grown knolls or hillocks on a so-called
+rolling plain, for which, indeed, they were taken until some accident
+made known what they really were.</p>
+
+<p>Let us look at the interior of one of the most royal among these palaces
+of death&mdash;or, rather, in the builders' minds, vestibules of a renewed
+life.</p>
+
+<p>In the middle&mdash;or toward one end&mdash;of a large, rather low chamber,
+flagged and cased with stone masonry, lies the chieftain's skeleton,
+with golden armlets and necklet, possibly a golden band encircling the
+skull, and some choice weapons by his side, within reach of the hand.
+Not infrequently tatters of some tissue show where the mantle was folded
+around the form; but that falls to dust at the lightest touch, and,
+indeed, at a longer contact with air, as do sometimes the bones
+themselves. A smaller skeleton&mdash;a woman's&mdash;likewise adorned, shares the
+honors of the gloomy abode. It is the wife, or perchance the favorite
+wife, polygamy (the custom of having many wives) having long been
+universal. In a circle around the two principal figures, but at a
+respectful distance, indicating <a name="Page_1259" id="Page_1259"></a>their subordinate station, are disposed
+other skeletons, unclothed and unadorned, evidently slaves, probably
+favorite attendants. Not infrequently a horse is found in a corner&mdash;the
+chief's own charger; and even sometimes a dog at the master's feet.
+Every skull, of man, woman, or animal, shows the heavy single blow which
+severed life. Not without due state and seemly retinue shall the hero
+enter on the new life which awaits him; his own best-loved companion
+shall minister to him; his own tried servants shall follow him as of
+yore; the steed which bore him safely out of many a battle, the hound
+which shared with him the joys of many a glorious chase, shall bear him
+into the fray with new and unknown foes, shall hunt down with him the
+game that roams the forests of the Unknown Land. As the way thither may
+be very long, the travellers shall not go unprovided. So around the wall
+are ranged dishes, platters, bowls&mdash;each containing dried-up food,
+various kinds of grains; also jars and tall vessels with handles, which
+evidently had held liquids. It is easy to see that the choicest pieces
+of fine and artistically ornamented pottery have been selected from the
+household stores. In mounds of the later periods some of the dishes and
+bowls are of bronze, even of gold and silver, and show considerable
+beauty of form and workmanship; but the jars are invariably of
+earthenware, as water and wine keep better in such than in metal.</p>
+
+<p>We must not forget that, among the countless mounds which have been
+opened, only a very few are like that we just looked into. The general
+run are much plainer, and the majority contain only one silent inmate.
+It was not every one could afford <a name="Page_1260" id="Page_1260"></a>the luxury of a wholesale slaughter
+in his household. The chambers, too, are very different in size and
+construction, and the furnishings vary quite as much in richness and
+beauty.</p>
+
+<p>Putting away the dead in mound-graves, besides being a universal custom,
+was one which endured through a long series of centuries, since their
+contents illustrate for us the Age of Bronze through all its gradations
+and a goodly portion of the Age of Iron&mdash;<i>i.e.</i>, the beginnings of the
+age in which we live ourselves.</p>
+
+<p>To decide which mound belongs to a later and which to an earlier period
+is easy, from the variety and quality of the articles, which bear
+witness to the degree of culture of the builders, though it is of course
+difficult even to give a guess in figures at just <i>how</i> long ago, at
+least, the earlier mounds were built.</p>
+
+<p>These are all times which knew not of writing. Therefore we have no
+history of them; for history is made up of two elements: things that
+happen, and writers who record them. So when we speak of "historic
+times," we mean the times since writing came into general use. All that
+went before we class as "prehistoric" times, <i>i.e.</i>, times of which we
+can have no history. It is clear, then, that if, of two countries, one
+knows writing and uses it to register what happens to it, while the
+other does not, the former will be living in historic, the latter in
+prehistoric times.</p>
+
+<p>More than that: there are plenty of peoples now living in&mdash;for
+them&mdash;prehistoric times. Take all the savage tribes still scattered over
+land and sea in many parts of the world. Just as there are enough South
+Sea Islanders for whom the Age of Stone is not over yet, since they
+still use flint, bone, and fishbone for <a name="Page_1261" id="Page_1261"></a>their tools and weapons, and
+what metal they have comes to them through barter from Europeans or
+Americans. Captain Cook&mdash;or some other noted voyager and
+discoverer&mdash;received as a present from a South Sea chieftain a flint
+axe, beautifully shaped and polished like a mirror. The chief told his
+white friend it had taken <i>fifty years</i> to produce that polish, his
+grandfather, his father, and himself having worked on it at odd moments
+of leisure!</p>
+
+<p>And yet, when we speak of "historic" and "prehistoric" times, we never
+think of all these races; they do not count among the so-called
+"culture-races," because they have produced no civilization of their
+own, have done nothing to advance the work of the world, added nothing
+to its treasury; in short, they have not helped to make history.</p>
+
+<p>Just one word more about these prehistoric ages and the memorials they
+have left of themselves. No matter how various the stages of human
+culture which these latter betray, one feature is common to all, back to
+the most primitive feasting-places of the cave-dwellers; it is&mdash;the
+knowledge and use of fire. Yet there most certainly was a time when men
+had not yet learned to produce and to handle this marvellous force of
+nature, their most helpful friend and most destructive foe. Can we
+picture to ourselves <i>how</i> miserable and degraded, <i>how</i> distressingly
+like that of other forest animals must have then been the condition of
+those who yet were the fathers of the coming human race? Hardly. Our
+imagination itself stands still, helpless and puzzled, before a state of
+things so remote, so utterly beyond our power to realize and compare.</p><p><a name="Page_1262" id="Page_1262"></a></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2>INVENTION AND DISCOVERY.</h2>
+
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Coat Hanger</span>.&mdash;An inventor in Boston has just perfected an
+excellent coat-hanger.</p>
+
+<p>At the first glance it looks like the ordinary hangers we have been
+using for so many years, but this invention obviates the one objection
+which attaches to all the other hangers we have come across&mdash;it adapts
+itself to the size of the place in which it is to be used.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a href="./images/hanger.png"><img src="./images/hanger-tb.png" alt="Coat Hanger" title="Coat Hanger" /></a></div>
+
+<p>Those who live in small houses or apartments with meagre cupboard-room
+know that the old hanger is out of the question for them, two coats or
+waists taking up the entire length of the wardrobe.</p>
+
+<p>The new hanger is adjustable. Its arms work on a spring. It can stretch
+them out to the fullest extent where space is no object, but when used
+in a cupboard where every inch counts, the accommodating arms will fold
+together, and taking one sleeve of the coat or waist on each arm, lay
+them together in the same position they would be in if folded in a
+drawer. It then hangs in precisely the same manner as the usual hanger,
+but with this difference, that it occupies but half the space.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 65%;' />
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="./images/pubcompany.png" alt="The Great Round World Publishing Co." title="The Great Round World Publishing Co." /></div>
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+INCORPORATED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE<br />
+STATE OF NEW YORK. :: :: :: :: :: ::<br />
+</div>
+
+<hr style='width: 25%;' />
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="300 shares">
+<tr><td align='left'><div class="figcenter"><img src="./images/pub2.png" alt="300 shares" title="300 shares" /></div></td><td align='left'>&mdash;PAR VALUE,<b>$10.00</b>&mdash;OF THE EIGHT-PER-CENT. <br />PREFERRED STOCK FROMTHE TREASURY OF</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<h2>The Great Round World</h2>
+<h2>Publishing Company</h2>
+
+<div class='center'><b><span class="u">ARE OFFERED AT $12.00 PER SHARE.</span></b></div>
+
+<hr style='width: 25%;' />
+
+<p><span class="smcap"><b>T</b>his</span> Stock pays <b>Eight per cent</b> per annum interest
+(semi-annually&mdash;April and October). Applications will be filled in the
+order of their receipt, and should be addressed to the Treasurer of</p>
+
+<p class="center"><b>THE</b></p>
+
+<div class="center"><b>Great Round World Publishing Co.</b><br />
+<b>No. 3 &amp; 5 WEST 18th STREET,</b><br />
+<b><span class="smcap">new york</span>.</b></div>
+
+<hr style='width: 65%;' />
+
+<div><div class="figleft">
+<img alt="I" src="./images/contesti.png" title="I" /></div><br /><big><b>N VIEW OF INTEREST MANIFESTED,<br />
+AND AT THE REQUEST<br />
+OF SUBSCRIBERS, WE<br />
+HAVE DECIDED TO EXTEND THE<br />
+TIME FOR</b></big></div>
+
+
+<h3><span class="u">The Great Round World</span></h3>
+<h3><span class="u">PRIZE CONTEST...</span></h3>
+
+
+
+<div><span style="margin-left: 25em;"><b>Until Oct 15, 1897.</b></span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 22em;">(<i><b>See Conditions in Advertisement</b></i></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 22em;"><i><b>on another Page</b></i>)...</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<hr style='width: 65%;' />
+
+<h2><span class="u"><b>EXAMINATIONS</b></span></h2>
+
+<div>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Have you thought of the Relief Maps for examination work?</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Are you following from day to day the war in the East?</span><br />
+</div>
+
+
+<h2>Klemm's Relief Practice Maps</h2>
+
+<div>are especially adapted to examination work, as they are perfectly free
+from all political details. ANY examination work may be done on them.</div>
+
+<p>For following the EASTERN QUESTION use Klemm's Roman Empire, and record
+each day's events. Small flags attached to pins, and moved on a map as the
+armies move, keep the details before you in a most helpful way, especially
+when you use the Relief Maps.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Klemm's Maps">
+<tr><td align='left'><b>SAMPLE SET RELIEF MAPS (15), $1.00</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'><b>SAMPLE ROMAN EMPIRE,&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 10 CENTS</b></td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<div class='center'><b>WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON, &middot; &middot; 5 West 18th Street, N.Y.</b></div>
+
+<hr style='width: 65%;' />
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="./images/agent.png" alt="A Good Agent Wanted in Every Town For The Great Round World" title="A Good Agent Wanted in Every Town For The Great Round World" /></div>
+
+
+<hr style='width: 65%;' />
+<h4>AS A</h4>
+<h2>SPECIAL INDUCEMENT
+</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquot">for our subscribers to interest others in &quot;The Great Round
+    World,&quot; we will give to each subscriber who sends us $2.50 to
+    pay for a year's subscription to a new name, a copy of</div>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="./images/randmcnalley.png" alt="Rand, McNalley amp; Co.'s 1897 Atlas of the World." title="Rand, McNalley amp; Co.'s 1897 Atlas of the World." /></div>
+
+
+<div class="blockquot"><b>160 pages of colored maps from new plates, size 11 1/2 x 14
+    inches, printed on special paper with marginal index, and well
+    worth its regular price&mdash;&mdash; $2.50.</b></div>
+
+
+<p>Every one has some sort of an atlas, doubtless, but an old atlas is no
+better than an old directory; countries do not move away, as do people,
+but they do change and our knowledge of them increases, and this atlas,
+made in 1897 from <b>new</b> plates, is perfect and up to date and covers every
+point on</p>
+
+<h3>The Great Round World.</h3>
+
+<p>Those not subscribers should secure the subscription of a friend and remit
+$5 to cover it and their own. A copy of the atlas will be sent to either
+address.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 25%;' />
+
+<div class='center'>GREAT ROUND WORLD,</div>
+<div class='center'><i>3 and 5 West 18th Street, &middot; &middot; &middot; &middot; &middot; &middot; &middot; &middot;New York City.</i></div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is
+Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 44, September 9, 1897, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND ***
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+</pre>
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+</body>
+</html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,1602 @@
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is Going On
+In It, Vol. 1, No. 44, September 9, 1897, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Great Round World and What Is Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 44, September 9, 1897
+       A Weekly Magazine for Boys and Girls
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: Julia Truitt Bishop
+
+Release Date: June 2, 2005 [EBook #15970]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team.(www.pgdp.net)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+_FIVE CENTS._
+
+THE GREAT ROUND WORLD
+AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT
+
+  Vol. 1                SEPTEMBER 9, 1897                No. 44.
+[Entered at Post Office, New York City, as second class matter]
+
+[Illustration: A
+WEEKLY
+NEWSPAPER
+FOR
+BOYS AND
+GIRLS]
+
+Subscription
+$2.50 per year
+$1.25 6 months
+
+
+    WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON. PUBLISHER
+    NO. 3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY
+
+=Copyright, 1897, by WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON.=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+        _To Any Subscriber Securing_
+
+             For Us =1= _NEW_
+                        _SUBSCRIPTION_
+
+              _We Will Send, Post-Paid,
+                A BOUND VOLUME OF ..._
+
+               =THE GREAT ROUND WORLD=
+
+     _These volumes are neatly bound in cloth, with title stamped
+     on side and back, and make a neat library book, handy in
+     size and weight, and tasteful in appearance._
+
+    =PART I.= _contains_
+       =NOVEMBER 11th, 1896 to FEBRUARY 18th, 1897=
+
+    =PART II.= _contains_
+       =FEBRUARY 25th, 1897 to JUNE 3d, 1897=
+
+     ALBERT ROSS PARSONS, _President, American College of
+     Musicians,_ writes concerning his son, aged 10: "The bound
+     volume of the first fifteen numbers has remained his daily
+     mental food and amusement ever since it arrived. I thank you
+     for your great service both to our young people and to their
+     elders."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                            =THE GREAT ROUND WORLD=
+                =3 & 5 WEST 18TH STREET       NEW YORK CITY=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+        =YOUR OPPORTUNITY=
+
+               THE
+      =Journal of Education=
+
+           EVERY WEEK
+
+From Sept. 1, 1897, to Jan. 1, 1898
+
+           FOR ONLY
+         =FIFTY CENTS=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+You can get more practical help, more valuable suggestions, and more
+real assistance in your schoolroom work, out of the _Journal of
+Education_, than from any other educational paper.
+
+The _Journal_ will have a richer feast to offer its readers during the
+coming year than every before. Nature-study will continue to be a
+prominent feature. The best talent will be employed to prepare
+programmes and exercises for the proper observance of the birthdays of
+noted men, and all school holidays.
+
+A monthly pictorial supplement will be given with the _Journal_, as
+during the past year.
+
+                 =TEACHERS' HANDBOOK FREE.=
+
+     If you will cut this advertisement out and send it to us
+     with your order, we will send you postpaid a valuable
+     Teachers' Handbook, bound in paper, 130 pages, free of
+     charge. The regular price of the book is 50 cents.
+                                                  (G.R.W.)
+
+=Remainder of This Year Free.= For only =$2.50=, NEW subscribers can
+have the _Journal of Education_ weekly, from the time their order is
+received at this office until January 1, 1899, provided reference is
+made to this offer.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+    _Published weekly at $2.50 a year. Trial Trip, 5 months for $1.00._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                 =NEW ENGLAND PUBLISHING COMPANY=
+                =3 Somerset Street, Boston, Mass.=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+="The Great Round World" PRIZE CONTEST=
+
+THE GREAT ROUND WORLD is now over six months old, and it feels some
+anxiety to know just how much interest its readers have taken in the
+news and how much information they have gained from its pages. To
+ascertain this, it has been decided to offer ten prizes for the best
+answers to the following:
+
+     =Name ten of the most important events that have been mentioned in
+     "The Great Round World" in the first 30 numbers, that is, up to
+     number of June 3d.=
+
+     _In mentioning these events give briefly reasons for considering
+     them important._
+
+This competition will be open to subscribers only, and any one desiring
+to enter the competition must send to this office their name and the
+date of their subscription; a number will then be given them.
+
+All new subscribers will be furnished with a card entitling them to
+enter the competition.
+
+In making the selection of important events, remember that wars and
+political events are not necessarily the most important. If, for
+instance, the air-ship had turned out to be a genuine and successful
+thing, it would have been most important as affecting the history of the
+world. Or if by chance the telephone or telegraph had been invented in
+this period, these inventions would have been _important_ events.
+
+Prizes will be awarded to those who make the best selection and who
+mention the events in the best order of their importance. Answers may be
+sent in any time before September 1st.
+
+The Great Round World does not want you to hurry over this contest, but
+to take plenty of time and do the work carefully. It will be a pleasant
+occupation for the summer months.
+
+We would advise you to take the magazines starting at No. 1, look them
+over carefully, keep a note-book at your side, and jot down in it the
+events that seem to you important; when you have finished them all, No.
+1 to 30, look over your notes and select the ten events that seem to you
+to be the most important, stating after each event your reason for
+thinking it important.
+
+For instance: suppose you decide that the death of Dr. Ruiz was one of
+these important events, you might say, "The killing of Dr. Ruiz in the
+prison of Guanabacoa--because it brought the cruelties practised on
+American citizens to the attention of our Government," etc., etc.
+
+In sending your answers put your number and the date only on them, for
+the judges are not to know names and addresses of the contestants, that
+there may be no favoritism shown.
+
+It is important to put date on, for if two or more are found of similar
+standing, the one first received will be given preference.
+
+Address all letters to REVIEW PRIZE CONTEST DEPARTMENT,
+GREAT ROUND WORLD, 3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City.
+
+          _Write answer on one side of the paper only_
+     =Prizes will be selections from the premium catalogue=
+
+         No. 1. Premiums as given for 15 Subscriptions
+         No. 2.    "      "   "    "  12        "
+         No. 3.    "      "   "    "  10        "
+         No. 4.    "      "   "    "   9        "
+         No. 5.    "      "   "    "   8        "
+         No. 6.    "      "   "    "   7        "
+         No. 7.    "      "   "    "   5        "
+         No. 8.    "      "   "    "   5        "
+         No. 9.    "      "   "    "   5        "
+         No. 10.   "      "   "    "   2        "
+
+           =TIME EXTENDED UNTIL OCT. 15, 1897.=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+[Illustration: THE GREAT ROUND
+WORLD
+AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT.]
+
+    VOL. 1   SEPTEMBER 9, 1897.   NO. 44
+
+The Armenians in Turkey are becoming restless once more.
+
+They say they have waited long enough for the promised reforms, and as
+the Sultan has made none of the proposed changes, they have once again
+shown their hatred for him and his rule by resorting to that most
+cowardly of weapons, a dynamite bomb.
+
+One day last week all Constantinople was alarmed by the noise of several
+loud explosions.
+
+It was soon found that dynamite bombs had been thrown into the windows
+of the Government Council House. The entire building was shaken to its
+foundations, the roof torn off, and the walls badly damaged.
+
+A meeting of ministers in the Grand Vizier's office had been proposed
+for the hour at which the explosion took place, and it was supposed that
+the cowardly assassins had intended to murder the Turkish officials
+while they were attending to their duties. Happily the meeting had been
+postponed, and therefore but little harm was done beyond the damage to
+the building.
+
+The people had hardly recovered from their horror over the wrecking of
+the Council House when word was brought that an attempt had been made
+to blow up the Ottoman Bank.
+
+Just a year ago an attack was made on the Bank, and on that occasion its
+officers were so unprepared for an attack that the Armenians gained
+possession of the building, and held it against the soldiers for several
+hours.
+
+The Ottoman Bank of Turkey has charge of the public funds, so it is to
+the interest of the Government to see that it is well protected. Since
+the Armenian attack, therefore, there has not only been a special guard
+on duty to protect the bank, but men stationed at the doors to inspect
+every person who entered, and prevent any suspicious-looking characters
+from gaining access to the main building.
+
+These precautions probably saved many precious lives, for, on the same
+afternoon that the bomb was thrown a man was seen entering the bank who
+was so extraordinarily fat that the watchers became suspicious of him.
+
+They refused to let him enter the main building, and taking him into a
+little side room set apart for the purpose, they searched him.
+
+They found, as they had suspected, that his great size was due to a huge
+dynamite bomb, which he was trying to conceal under his robes. In Turkey
+many of the people have not adopted the European dress of coat and
+trousers, but still cling to their long loose robes.
+
+As soon as the bomb was discovered it was carefully put into water, the
+man was arrested, and the bank closed its doors, an extra guard of
+soldiers being sent for to protect it.
+
+The news of the attempt on the bank was followed by the calling out of
+the palace guard and the closing of all the entrances to the palace.
+
+A rumor was then spread abroad that another bomb had been found within
+the palace grounds, and that yet another had been found that was
+intended to blow up the Police Headquarters.
+
+When the news of these various outrages was noised abroad the people
+were panic-stricken.
+
+Crowds of Turks rushed from their homes, anxious to defend their city
+and their Sultan, and, armed with sticks, they hurried through the
+streets, not knowing where to go, or what to do first.
+
+Alarmed lest their good intentions should lead them into acts of
+violence, and that Constantinople would be plunged into the horrors of
+riot and mob rule, the police and patrols ordered the men back to their
+homes, severely clubbing those who were slow to obey.
+
+Soon the streets were given over to the soldiers, and not a soul was to
+be seen abroad but those connected with the guards and patrols.
+
+When the streets were cleared, the police made a search of the Armenian
+quarter, and many suspicious characters were arrested.
+
+The certainty that these outrages were the work of Armenians has roused
+the Mohammedan population to fresh fury, and a repetition of the
+massacres of last year is feared.
+
+The better class of Armenians in Constantinople denounce the shameful
+deeds, and are enraged at the men who have once more turned the wrath of
+the Turks against the unhappy Christians in the Sultan's domains.
+
+There is a feeling of great uneasiness throughout the city, the Turks
+fearing that more dynamite bombs will be thrown, and the Armenians that
+the mob will take a hideous vengeance for the outrage.
+
+In the midst of all this danger and confusion, the foreign ambassadors
+are endeavoring to arrange for the treaty of peace between Greece and
+Turkey.
+
+The peace negotiations seem, however, to be at a standstill.
+
+The protests of Greece against Germany's proposal that her treasury be
+controlled until the war indemnity should be paid, finally aroused
+England to action.
+
+It was further proposed, if you remember, that the Turkish troops were
+not to be withdrawn from Thessaly until the last pound had been paid; it
+was also suggested that a regiment or two at a time should leave, as the
+debt was paid off, but that Thessaly should be held by the Turks as a
+guarantee that Greece would pay.
+
+The other Powers, apparently forgetting that they had sent ultimatums to
+Turkey on this subject, finally agreed that the Turkish troops should
+stay; but England refused point-blank to listen to any such scheme.
+
+Lord Salisbury, the English Prime Minister, said that whether the war
+indemnity be paid or not, the Turkish troops must at once leave
+Thessaly. He declared firmly that he would permit no other settlement of
+the question, and that rather than allow the Turks to remain longer on
+Greek soil, England would break up the concert of the Powers, and take
+the consequences.
+
+These were very brave words, and highly pleasing to the national pride
+and spirit of England, but the other Powers were indignant that England
+should take such a stand. They pretended to forget the angry despatches
+which they had sent on this very same subject, and the times they had
+refused to carry on further negotiations unless the Sultan consented to
+withdraw from Thessaly, and appeared to think that it was the duty of
+England to agree with them, no matter how often they changed their
+minds.
+
+England alone seemed clearly to see that the consent of the Powers to
+this infamous scheme was only the result of the Sultan's wearisome
+delays, which after fourteen weeks of unprofitable haggling and
+bargaining have made the ambassadors anxious to get the matter settled
+one way or another, and be rid of the Sultan and his diplomacy.
+
+England stated her reasons for refusing to agree with the other Powers.
+She said that the war indemnity demanded by Turkey was so large that
+Greece could never pay it, and that the Turkish occupation of Thessaly
+until the debt was settled really meant that Thessaly was to be ceded to
+Turkey.
+
+As we have said, the English were very pleased over the stand Lord
+Salisbury had taken. It seemed to have been done just at the right
+moment, when the Powers, weary of the delay and anxious to have the
+Turkish army disbanded, would be ready to threaten Turkey with war if
+she did not immediately obey them.
+
+This Turkish army is felt to be a very serious menace to Europe. The
+Sultan has an enormous number of soldiers now under arms, and moreover
+this army of his is a victorious army, proud of its strength, and
+anxious to have fresh opportunity to show its mettle and courage.
+
+An uneasy feeling therefore prevails while this large force is kept
+under arms, as at any moment the Sultan may take it into his head to try
+and reconquer the Balkan provinces which he lost in the war with Russia.
+
+Should he attempt such a thing Europe would be bound to go to the aid of
+the province, and the much-dreaded European war would result. Until the
+Turkish army is disbanded the peace of Europe cannot be assured.
+
+It was felt, therefore, that Lord Salisbury had chosen a happy time for
+his protest, and that the Sultan must now be forced into doing what is
+right.
+
+Unfortunately, Lord Salisbury, while he is a very clever statesman, has
+not the courage of his own opinions. He can think out a clever plan
+which would be of the greatest benefit to his country, and though in the
+beginning he will try with great firmness to enforce it, he cannot stand
+up against strong opposition. He has time and again abandoned some
+excellent policy, and veered completely round, when he has met strong
+opposition.
+
+Much anxiety was felt in London on the present occasion lest he should
+not be able to maintain the firm stand he had taken on the Greek
+question. This anxiety grew keener when it was found that the other
+Powers were opposed to him. His party and his friends did their best to
+persuade him to remain firm, and for a time it seemed as though nothing
+could shake his resolution. At last the unwelcome news was given out
+that the British ambassador in Constantinople had received instructions
+from Lord Salisbury to accept the peace proposals of the Turks, and
+allow them to remain in Thessaly until the debt should be paid off.
+
+Lord Salisbury's reason for yielding is rumored to be that the five
+ambassadors, representing France, Germany, Russia, Austria, and Italy,
+were ready to sign the first treaty without waiting for the consent of
+England.
+
+This is said to have alarmed the British Prime Minister, and made him
+fear that the other Powers would combine against England if he persisted
+in his determination, and so he weakly deserted Greece; and the Turks
+will remain in Thessaly until the war indemnity is paid.
+
+It is, however, stated that the British, French, and Russian ambassadors
+have all sent word to their governments that it is quite impossible for
+Greece to pay the sum demanded by Turkey.
+
+Steps are therefore being taken to induce the Sultan to accept a smaller
+sum, but the chances are that his success in securing Thessaly will make
+Abdul Hamid refuse to take a piaster less. He will be sure to think that
+if he only holds out long enough he will get everything he asks for.
+
+In Athens the people are not at all willing to accept the proposed
+treaty.
+
+At a mass-meeting the other night a resolution was prepared and sent to
+the King, asking him to reject the treaty and resume the war.
+
+The general feeling throughout Greece is, however, against a continuance
+of war.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The news from India is of a gloomy character.
+
+Fresh revolts have occurred on the frontier of Afghanistan. A tribe, the
+Afridis, has joined the rebellion against the British rule.
+
+The disaffection of this tribe, which numbers about twenty thousand
+first-class hill-fighters, is most serious to the British cause. It is
+not its strength that alarms the English, however, but that the English
+army in India has been largely recruited from the Afridis, and so the
+rebels are not confined to the enemy that has to be faced, but numbers
+of them are found in the very regiments that are being sent to the front
+to quell the disturbance.
+
+The Afridis have until now been most loyal to the Government, and were
+looked upon as safeguards in case the rebellion assumed a more serious
+form. During the Afghan war this tribe held the Khyber Pass for the
+British, and did them great service, as this pass is the main mountain
+route in the north between Afghanistan and Hindustan.
+
+A revolt of the Afridis was the event most to be feared by the British,
+and it now appears to have taken place.
+
+A large force of tribesmen entered into Khyber Pass, attacked the forts
+which guarded it, and unfortunately were successful in capturing them.
+The force of British soldiers at hand was not strong enough to drive
+them back, and they were able to swarm into the Pass in great numbers
+and possess themselves of it.
+
+The Pass once taken, they had the temerity to offer to treat with the
+British for peace, and promise to go peaceably back to their homes if
+the soldiers should be withdrawn from all the forts on the frontier.
+
+The British Government is incensed that the tribesmen should be so
+little afraid of the power of the English arms, and has determined to
+conquer this rebellious tribe, and give it a lesson in obedience that
+will not soon be forgotten.
+
+Now that the outbreak has assumed such a serious form, every one is
+trying to discover a reason for the rebellion. Some think that the
+Sultan of Turkey is at the root of the matter, and that he has caused
+the news of his victory over the Greeks to be spread broadcast
+throughout the whole Mohammedan race, thereby creating the impression
+that the power of Europe has been shaken, and in this way has given the
+natives of Hindustan an idea that it is an excellent opportunity for
+them to try to throw off the hated European sovereignty.
+
+Another rumor is that the Ameer of Afghanistan has incited the tribes to
+rebel, and that he is secretly giving them his support and assistance.
+
+All the revolting tribes dwell on the borders of Afghanistan, and it is
+known for a fact that the Ameer distributed among the native Indian
+regiments a book of treasonable character, telling them all about the
+Jehad or Holy War. This war, according to the Mohammedan belief, is to
+be undertaken by the Moslems against the Christians, and is to result in
+the spreading of the Mohammedan faith throughout the world.
+
+The circulation of these books excited the natives very much, and it is
+thought had a great deal to do with their present restless and
+rebellious spirit.
+
+The Indian Government therefore sent a message to the Ameer protesting
+against the further circulation of this book, and accusing him of
+exciting the tribes to rebel, and then of allowing his subjects to take
+part with them against the English.
+
+The Ameer sent a prompt reply in which he denied that any of his
+subjects had been concerned in the recent troubles.
+
+He said that his soldiers should never be used to fight against the
+British, and that if any of the tribes under his rule are guilty of
+joining in a rebellion against his friend the Queen, it is without his
+knowledge or consent. He insisted that none of his people would have
+dared to join the rebels openly, for fear of his severe displeasure.
+
+In addition to this letter to the British Government, he has issued an
+order to his subjects, forbidding them to join the rebels.
+
+Notwithstanding this, the British officers in India place no reliance on
+the Ameer's protestations, and still believe that he is directing the
+operations of the troops on the frontier.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Spain is still sorrowing for the loss of her Prime Minister, Senor
+Canovas.
+
+This great statesman was buried with all the honors which his patriotism
+merited. The public buildings were all draped in black, all business was
+suspended in Madrid during the ceremonies, and all honor was paid to his
+memory, the Queen Regent sending personal messages of sympathy to his
+widow, and ordering the court to go into mourning for him for three
+days.
+
+Kings and princes cannot give expression to their feelings as private
+individuals do; they have their public duties to perform, and therefore
+no matter how sincere their grief they are not at liberty to shut
+themselves away from the world and mourn their loss.
+
+When a member of a royal family dies, the sovereign orders that a
+certain number of days or weeks shall be observed as days of mourning.
+During this time the whole court is dressed in black or the color that
+is used as mourning in that special country. In France, purple used to
+be the color of the court mourning; in China they use white. The
+servants as well as the ladies and gentlemen of the sovereign's
+household all wear the mourning color, and during the period set apart
+for the days of mourning no dinners or festivities of any sort are
+given, no persons are received or presented at the court, and the king
+and court retire into private life.
+
+As soon as the appointed time is passed, the mourning garments are laid
+aside, and the gaieties are resumed as if nothing had happened to
+interrupt them.
+
+As a rule, a court only goes into mourning for a relative of the
+sovereign or a member of the reigning family. It is most unusual for a
+court to be ordered to mourn for a person who is not of the royal blood,
+and that the Spanish court has been ordered to pay this mark of respect
+to Senor Canovas shows the high esteem in which he was held.
+
+The cowardly assassin who murdered the Prime Minister has suffered the
+penalty of his infamous crime. He was tried, found guilty of his
+dreadful deed, and put to death.
+
+The Queen Regent has had to choose another Prime Minister in Canovas'
+stead, and this has been a hard task for her. In Canovas she lost her
+best friend and constant adviser, and his place was not easily filled.
+
+On the death of Senor Canovas, General Azcarraga, by virtue of his
+office of Minister of War, assumed the duties of the Prime Minister, and
+it is upon him that the Queen's choice has fallen. General Azcarraga is
+supposed to be thoroughly in sympathy with Senor Canovas' plans for
+Cuba, and to be prepared to carry them out.
+
+He is said to approve of the way Weyler has been conducting the war, and
+intends to keep him as Captain-General of Cuba.
+
+It is reported that when the news of Senor Canovas' death reached
+Havana, General Weyler at once offered to resign his position, well
+knowing that if Senor Sagasta was made Prime Minister in Canovas' place
+there would be a new Captain-General in Cuba within the month.
+
+Sagasta has, as you probably remember, many kindly plans for Cuba, and
+had he come into power it is thought would have endeavored to give Cuba
+home rule.
+
+The Queen has, however, put an end to his hopes by appointing General
+Azcarraga, and Sagasta must be content to wait.
+
+In the mean while the Carlists are gathering in force, prepared to
+revolt as soon as Don Carlos shall bid them to. It is reported that
+sixty thousand well-armed men are ready to answer to his call.
+
+Don Carlos, however, persists in awaiting the result of the Cuban war
+before he attempts to seize the throne. He declares that he loves his
+country too well to plunge it into a civil war at the moment when it is
+harassed by outside enemies.
+
+The situation in Cuba continues to improve for the insurgents. They are
+strong, hopeful, and victorious. They have not as yet risked any great
+battle, but in their raids and forays against the enemy are constantly
+successful.
+
+It is reported on the best authority that Gomez has crossed the Matanzas
+border, and is now in Havana province. It is also said that the trochas
+have been abandoned by the Spaniards, and the insurgents cross them at
+will.
+
+The Spanish garrisons are now being withdrawn from the smaller interior
+towns and concentrated in the important places, principally on the
+seaboard.
+
+The condition of the Spanish soldiers grows daily worse, while the
+rebels have become so inured to hardship that they have developed into
+fine, sturdy soldiers.
+
+If Spain is not able to send strong reinforcements soon, the end of the
+Cuban war cannot be very far off.
+
+General Woodford, the United States minister to Spain, will arrive in
+Madrid about September 1st, and it is expected that he will be presented
+to the Queen Regent about September 15th.
+
+It is stated that he is to endeavor to persuade Spain to put a speedy
+end to the war by granting home rule to Cuba.
+
+Mr. Fishback, who acted as Mr. Calhoun's secretary, has, it is said,
+been sent to Cuba on a special mission from the Government. He is to go
+the round of the consulates in the island with Consul-General Lee, and
+obtain an idea of the true conditions in Cuba, and report the result of
+his observations to the President.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The new tariff law has now been in effect for some weeks, and every day
+there are fresh accounts of the woes of the incoming travellers from
+Europe.
+
+The zeal of the Custom-House officers in performing their duty is only
+equalled by the efforts of the passengers in avoiding theirs. Every
+ship-load that arrives affords infinite sport for the unconcerned
+onlooker.
+
+Last week a French family, consisting of a mother and two sons, arrived.
+
+When asked if they had any dutiable articles, they declared that they
+had brought nothing with them that ought to pay duty. As they had twenty
+pieces of baggage with them, the officials refused to believe that they
+had nothing on which duty should be levied.
+
+The two sons were very elegant and extremely polite French gentlemen.
+They courteously handed their keys to the inspectors, and turned around
+to converse with some equally elegant young ladies who had come to meet
+their party.
+
+Their pleasant conversation was roughly interrupted by the inspectors.
+
+Only six of the twenty pieces of baggage were trunks; the rest proved to
+be packing-cases.
+
+"They've got to be opened," said the heated inspectors.
+
+"Certainly. You have our permission to open them," said the polite young
+Frenchmen.
+
+"What!" roared the inspectors, "Open them! We are not carpenters! Open
+them yourselves!"
+
+There and then these well-dressed, well-mannered young men had to set
+to work to pry open their own packing-cases.
+
+By this time their suavity had so exasperated the officials, who are not
+accustomed to politeness and pleasant words from incoming passengers,
+that they decided that the young Frenchmen must have a reason for their
+good manners, and be in fact dangerous smugglers.
+
+As one of the young men bent over a packing-case it was noticed that his
+coat-pockets bulged suspiciously. Before he could offer a protest he and
+his mother and brother were hurried away to the offices and searched.
+
+In spite of their best endeavors the inspectors were unable to find
+anything dutiable in the belongings of this charming family, and finally
+the young Frenchmen were permitted to go on their way with their mother
+and their belongings. It would have been a little interesting to have
+obtained from them their first impressions of America.
+
+The officials were, however, so angry that these good people had not
+turned out to be smugglers, that they gave the next few passengers who
+fell into their hands a very unhappy time.
+
+One man who had bought a two-dollar doll for his little girl was obliged
+to pay $1.50 as duty on it. Another who had spent $200 on new gowns for
+his wife had to pay another $126 before he was able to take them to her.
+
+One father was loud in his protests because he was taxed for the dresses
+his daughters were wearing, and which he declared had been used by them
+for a year and a half.
+
+Nobody escaped on that unlucky day, and from eighty passengers about
+$5,000 was collected. If this keeps up, our treasury will soon be
+overflowing.
+
+So annoying has the Dingley Bill made matters for travellers that a
+consultation has been held by the customs officials, to see whether it
+is not possible to make things a little easier for them.
+
+The bill was aimed at importers, or people who buy and sell goods
+manufactured in foreign countries. It was not intended to harass the
+lives out of tourists who have merely purchased a few pretty things
+while they have been abroad.
+
+It would of course be unjust to allow these said pretty things to be
+brought into the country free of duty, lest unscrupulous persons should
+take advantage of the Government's kindness to avoid paying duty on
+articles they intended to sell.
+
+The inspectors have, however, felt that it is not right to tax wearing
+apparel that has evidently been bought for the traveller's own use, and
+has been worn.
+
+The result of the conference of the Custom-House officials has been a
+petition to the Secretary of the Treasury, asking him to allow the
+Collector of the port of New York so to interpret the new law that
+innocent travellers may not be taxed as if they were importers trying to
+smuggle in goods.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The great coal strike still remains unsettled.
+
+It was hoped that it would be brought to a close this week, as both the
+miners and the owners had agreed to meet and discuss the matter, to see
+if some understanding could not be reached.
+
+The meeting has taken place, but unfortunately the two parties are as
+far apart as ever.
+
+The idea of the conference was to arrange that the dispute might he
+arbitrated.
+
+As soon as the meeting was called to order, the miners offered to return
+to work if they were paid at the rate of sixty-nine cents for each ton
+of coal mined, with the understanding that they would accept a reduction
+if the arbitrators found that such payment was higher than the owners
+could afford.
+
+The owners refused this offer, and instead proposed that the miners
+should go to work at fifty-four cents per ton, and that the arbitrators
+should then decide upon a fair rate of payment. If it proved to be
+higher than fifty-four cents, the owners would then make up the
+difference to the men.
+
+This offer being refused, the owners said they would pay sixty-one
+cents, and make up the difference if the arbitration went against them.
+
+The miners, however, refused to listen to these proposals, and the
+conference broke up.
+
+Both miners and owners declare that there is no present prospect of
+reaching an understanding, and that there is nothing for it but to fight
+the battle to its end.
+
+The owners intend to try to open the mines with non-union men. The
+miners are preparing to prevent these men from going into the mines.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+There has been great excitement during the past few days over the sudden
+rise of the wheat market.
+
+Nearly all of the great countries of the world, with the exception of
+the United States, have had poor wheat crops this year. Our crop has
+been considerably larger than any we have had for several years past.
+People cannot do without bread, and in consequence of this failure of
+their crops, other countries have had to come to us and buy. They have
+of course had to pay whatever price we asked, and as a natural
+consequence the price of wheat has gone up enormously.
+
+All the people who were clever enough to foresee this demand from
+abroad, and buy up the wheat before the orders came in, have made
+fortunes during the past few days. They refused to sell their grain
+until its price had gone up to nearly double what they had paid for it,
+and are now smiling and happy, and thinking that prosperity has come at
+last.
+
+Though a little flurry in the price of wheat cannot of itself make
+prosperity, the demands on our carrying trade for the shipment of the
+grain to foreign countries has brought a great deal of business to our
+shores. It is stated that the piers around New York present a more busy
+scene than has been witnessed since the dull times began.
+
+Grain elevators are in constant use loading the ships, and so great is
+the demand that the little floating elevators are getting a large share
+of the business.
+
+Ships are being loaded for France, the Argentine Republic, South Africa,
+Portugal, and many other foreign countries.
+
+Three million bushels of wheat were sent out of the country during the
+past week.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+You will be interested to hear of the capture of Drunami, the king of
+Benin, who has been wandering in the African forests since the
+destruction of Benin City, by the expedition sent out from England last
+February to punish him for the murder of the English travellers. (See
+page 344.)
+
+Drunami finally returned to Benin, and surrendered to the British
+authorities.
+
+The soldiers who were guarding the city one day caught sight of a large
+body of natives approaching the walls.
+
+Ahead of the main body ran a messenger carrying a white flag, to show
+that their mission was one of peace. He was closely followed by Drunami,
+ten of his principal chiefs, and eight hundred unarmed warriors.
+
+The English soldiers were called out, and the King was allowed to enter
+the city.
+
+He stated that he had come to make submission to the British Queen or
+her representative, and begged that in consideration for his rank he
+might be allowed to make his submission in private.
+
+When this message was brought to the Resident, as the English governor
+is called, he refused to grant the request.
+
+He said that Drunami's rebellion against the Queen had been public, and
+therefore his submission must be public also.
+
+The King of Benin thereupon held a council with his chiefs, who after
+much arguing decided that it was best to obey the wishes of the
+Resident, and make public submission.
+
+Word of his intention was accordingly sent to the Resident, who
+thereupon repaired to the Council House, and, taking his position on its
+steps, waited the arrival of the penitent King.
+
+Drunami, as he advanced to meet him, presented a very strange
+appearance. From head to foot his black skin was covered with coral
+ornaments. On his arms and ankles were numberless bangles, those on his
+arms being so many and so heavy that he could not raise his arms, but
+had to have them supported by his followers.
+
+He had by this time added a band of music to his train, and to the
+mournful music which they made on their reed instruments the King and
+his chiefs marched in front of the Council House, and in the presence of
+the soldiers whom the Resident had ordered to assemble, publicly
+tendered his submission to the Queen of England.
+
+This act was accomplished by bowing very low before the Resident, and
+then kneeling on the ground and rubbing his forehead three times in the
+dust.
+
+The ten chiefs repeated the ceremony after their King; and thus having
+signified their regret for their evil deeds, and their intention to be
+faithful and obedient in future, the King and his followers were allowed
+to take their way back to the palace in Benin.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+England seems to have taken to heart the conduct of the Irish people
+during the recent jubilee, and to be endeavoring to make peace with the
+denizens of the Emerald Isle.
+
+There have been many complaints that the royal family never visited
+Ireland, and that the money and trade that a royal pageant always brings
+with it have been purposely withheld from the land of St. Patrick.
+
+There is a good deal of justice in this complaint. The Queen, who goes
+so often to Scotland, has not set foot in Ireland since 1861, nor has
+the Prince of Wales since 1871. At the same time Ireland has been in
+such an unsettled state that it has not seemed a very safe country in
+which to trust the precious life of a sovereign.
+
+Now, however, the Queen has sent the Duke and Duchess of York to Dublin
+to open the exhibition of Irish industries in that city.
+
+The Duke of York is the Queen's grandson, the eldest living son of the
+Prince of Wales. He is the heir to the throne, and will be the King of
+Great Britain and Ireland if he survives his grandmother and father.
+
+The Queen has therefore entrusted one of the most precious members of
+her family to the keeping of the Irish, and the importance of this act
+may go a long way toward making peace with Ireland.
+
+The wife of the Duke of York is the daughter of one of the most popular
+of the English princesses, and is said to have inherited all her
+mother's amiability and charm of manner.
+
+Entertainments and fetes have been given the young couple, and it is
+rumored that the Queen is about to purchase for them the beautiful
+"Muckross" estate near Killarney.
+
+If this is done, her Majesty will probably require the young people to
+spend a good deal of their time in Ireland.
+
+The Irish themselves have not been very friendly to the young Prince.
+They have indeed rather resented this attempt to gain their friendship.
+
+The entertainments that have been given have been by the government
+officials, the Irish themselves carefully abstaining from any signs of
+satisfaction at the visit.
+
+It has been conveyed to the Prince, however, that the Irish as a nation
+are quite willing to be friendly with him after he has proved himself
+worthy of their friendship.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+France is very proud and happy over the visit of her President, Monsieur
+Faure, to the Czar of Russia.
+
+Last October the Czar visited Paris, and during his stay it was openly
+hinted that an alliance between Russia and France had been formed which
+was to be of great benefit to both countries.
+
+The return visit of Monsieur Faure to Russia is supposed to be for the
+sake of finally cementing the new alliance.
+
+The Russians are making his trip delightful to him in their own
+charmingly hospitable way, and from general appearances it would seem
+that M. Faure's visit is purely one of pleasure. Diplomatists, however,
+declare that the outcome of M. Faure's visit will be a new arrangement
+of the European alliances, which will leave Great Britain out in the
+cold, and lessen her influence in European politics.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Prof. David Starr Jordan has written a letter from the seal islands
+which fully confirms the worst fears about the decrease of the seal
+herd.
+
+He says that if the sealing is carried on in its present fashion the
+seals will disappear in the Bering Sea in a very short while, and that
+even with the greatest care the herd will not be up to its full strength
+for a good many years.
+
+Not only are there fewer mother seals than formerly, but the killing of
+the young pups has made such a difference in the herd that there are
+very few young braves growing up. This year there seems to be only old
+men and mother seals, and hardly any young families at all.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+This Bering Sea dispute has been very long in settlement and seems to be
+as far from a decision as ever. There is much difference of opinion on
+the subject, and of course there is more than one way of looking at it;
+and yet it would seem as though some agreement ought to be reached that
+would prevent the destruction of the seals.
+
+Doubtless, after much diplomatic delay, dispute, and talk, the matter
+will be settled, and we will hope that this may be accomplished before
+it is too late to save the seals from dying out.
+
+                                                 G.H. ROSENFELD.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+
+THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND THE
+PEOPLE WHO LIVED ON IT.
+
+(Continued from page 1234.)
+
+
+And so, next to the dwellings for life, they built dwellings for
+death--built them larger and stronger, too, since so many graves are
+left in excellent preservation, while no houses at all have survived to
+satisfy our curiosity. A universally favorite form of grave is the
+so-called "mound" (known in England as "barrow"). These mound-tombs, to
+judge from what is found in them, were constructed to hold the remains
+of the wealthy and powerful among the people, often of their kings.
+They differ greatly in size and richness, but all are alike in this:
+that the place for the body or bodies is dug more or less deep in the
+ground, then closed tight with stones or slabs and hard-stamped soil,
+above which is raised an earthen mound, on which the grass grows--hence
+the name.
+
+The "mound-builders" have been busy all over the world. There is no flat
+country on any part of the earth where these strange monuments have not
+been found, singly or in groups, and it taxes at times a sharp eye to
+know them from the natural grass-grown knolls or hillocks on a so-called
+rolling plain, for which, indeed, they were taken until some accident
+made known what they really were.
+
+Let us look at the interior of one of the most royal among these palaces
+of death--or, rather, in the builders' minds, vestibules of a renewed
+life.
+
+In the middle--or toward one end--of a large, rather low chamber,
+flagged and cased with stone masonry, lies the chieftain's skeleton,
+with golden armlets and necklet, possibly a golden band encircling the
+skull, and some choice weapons by his side, within reach of the hand.
+Not infrequently tatters of some tissue show where the mantle was folded
+around the form; but that falls to dust at the lightest touch, and,
+indeed, at a longer contact with air, as do sometimes the bones
+themselves. A smaller skeleton--a woman's--likewise adorned, shares the
+honors of the gloomy abode. It is the wife, or perchance the favorite
+wife, polygamy (the custom of having many wives) having long been
+universal. In a circle around the two principal figures, but at a
+respectful distance, indicating their subordinate station, are disposed
+other skeletons, unclothed and unadorned, evidently slaves, probably
+favorite attendants. Not infrequently a horse is found in a corner--the
+chief's own charger; and even sometimes a dog at the master's feet.
+Every skull, of man, woman, or animal, shows the heavy single blow which
+severed life. Not without due state and seemly retinue shall the hero
+enter on the new life which awaits him; his own best-loved companion
+shall minister to him; his own tried servants shall follow him as of
+yore; the steed which bore him safely out of many a battle, the hound
+which shared with him the joys of many a glorious chase, shall bear him
+into the fray with new and unknown foes, shall hunt down with him the
+game that roams the forests of the Unknown Land. As the way thither may
+be very long, the travellers shall not go unprovided. So around the wall
+are ranged dishes, platters, bowls--each containing dried-up food,
+various kinds of grains; also jars and tall vessels with handles, which
+evidently had held liquids. It is easy to see that the choicest pieces
+of fine and artistically ornamented pottery have been selected from the
+household stores. In mounds of the later periods some of the dishes and
+bowls are of bronze, even of gold and silver, and show considerable
+beauty of form and workmanship; but the jars are invariably of
+earthenware, as water and wine keep better in such than in metal.
+
+We must not forget that, among the countless mounds which have been
+opened, only a very few are like that we just looked into. The general
+run are much plainer, and the majority contain only one silent inmate.
+It was not every one could afford the luxury of a wholesale slaughter
+in his household. The chambers, too, are very different in size and
+construction, and the furnishings vary quite as much in richness and
+beauty.
+
+Putting away the dead in mound-graves, besides being a universal custom,
+was one which endured through a long series of centuries, since their
+contents illustrate for us the Age of Bronze through all its gradations
+and a goodly portion of the Age of Iron--_i.e._, the beginnings of the
+age in which we live ourselves.
+
+To decide which mound belongs to a later and which to an earlier period
+is easy, from the variety and quality of the articles, which bear
+witness to the degree of culture of the builders, though it is of course
+difficult even to give a guess in figures at just _how_ long ago, at
+least, the earlier mounds were built.
+
+These are all times which knew not of writing. Therefore we have no
+history of them; for history is made up of two elements: things that
+happen, and writers who record them. So when we speak of "historic
+times," we mean the times since writing came into general use. All that
+went before we class as "prehistoric" times, _i.e._, times of which we
+can have no history. It is clear, then, that if, of two countries, one
+knows writing and uses it to register what happens to it, while the
+other does not, the former will be living in historic, the latter in
+prehistoric times.
+
+More than that: there are plenty of peoples now living in--for
+them--prehistoric times. Take all the savage tribes still scattered over
+land and sea in many parts of the world. Just as there are enough South
+Sea Islanders for whom the Age of Stone is not over yet, since they
+still use flint, bone, and fishbone for their tools and weapons, and
+what metal they have comes to them through barter from Europeans or
+Americans. Captain Cook--or some other noted voyager and
+discoverer--received as a present from a South Sea chieftain a flint
+axe, beautifully shaped and polished like a mirror. The chief told his
+white friend it had taken _fifty years_ to produce that polish, his
+grandfather, his father, and himself having worked on it at odd moments
+of leisure!
+
+And yet, when we speak of "historic" and "prehistoric" times, we never
+think of all these races; they do not count among the so-called
+"culture-races," because they have produced no civilization of their
+own, have done nothing to advance the work of the world, added nothing
+to its treasury; in short, they have not helped to make history.
+
+Just one word more about these prehistoric ages and the memorials they
+have left of themselves. No matter how various the stages of human
+culture which these latter betray, one feature is common to all, back to
+the most primitive feasting-places of the cave-dwellers; it is--the
+knowledge and use of fire. Yet there most certainly was a time when men
+had not yet learned to produce and to handle this marvellous force of
+nature, their most helpful friend and most destructive foe. Can we
+picture to ourselves _how_ miserable and degraded, _how_ distressingly
+like that of other forest animals must have then been the condition of
+those who yet were the fathers of the coming human race? Hardly. Our
+imagination itself stands still, helpless and puzzled, before a state of
+things so remote, so utterly beyond our power to realize and compare.
+
+
+
+
+INVENTION AND DISCOVERY.
+
+
+COAT HANGER.--An inventor in Boston has just perfected an excellent
+coat-hanger.
+
+At the first glance it looks like the ordinary hangers we have been
+using for so many years, but this invention obviates the one objection
+which attaches to all the other hangers we have come across--it adapts
+itself to the size of the place in which it is to be used.
+
+[Illustration: Hanger]
+
+Those who live in small houses or apartments with meagre cupboard-room
+know that the old hanger is out of the question for them, two coats or
+waists taking up the entire length of the wardrobe.
+
+The new hanger is adjustable. Its arms work on a spring. It can stretch
+them out to the fullest extent where space is no object, but when used
+in a cupboard where every inch counts, the accommodating arms will fold
+together, and taking one sleeve of the coat or waist on each arm, lay
+them together in the same position they would be in if folded in a
+drawer. It then hangs in precisely the same manner as the usual hanger,
+but with this difference, that it occupies but half the space.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+           =The Great....
+                   Round World
+                   Publishing Co.=
+
+     INCORPORATED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE
+     STATE OF NEW YORK. :: :: :: :: :: ::
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+     =300 Shares=--PAR VALUE, =$10.00=--OF THE EIGHT-PER-CENT.
+                                        PREFERRED STOCK FROM
+                                        THE TREASURY OF
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+                    =The Great Round World=
+                    =Publishing Company=
+
+             =ARE OFFERED AT $12.00 PER SHARE.=
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+     THIS Stock pays =Eight per cent= per annum interest
+     (semi-annually--April and October). Applications will be
+     filled in the order of their receipt, and should be
+     addressed to the Treasurer of
+
+                        =THE=
+           =Great Round World Publishing Co.=
+              =No. 3 & 5 WEST 18th STREET,=
+                      =NEW YORK.=
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+     =IN VIEW OF INTEREST MANIFESTED, AND AT THE REQUEST OF
+     SUBSCRIBERS, WE HAVE DECIDED TO EXTEND THE TIME FOR=
+
+                 The Great Round World
+                 PRIZE CONTEST...
+
+                           =Until Oct 15, 1897.=
+
+     (_=See Conditions in Advertisement
+     on another Page=_)...
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+    *        *        *        *        *
+
+    EXAMINATIONS
+
+    Have you thought of the Relief Maps for examination work?
+    Are you following from day to day the war in the East?
+
+    Klemm's Relief Practice Maps
+
+     especially adapted to examination work, as they are
+     perfectly free from all political details. Any examination
+     work may be done on them.
+
+     For following the Eastern Question use Klemm's Roman Empire,
+     and record each day's events. Small flags attached to pins,
+     and moved on a map as the armies move, keep the details
+     before you in a most helpful way, especially when you use
+     the Relief Maps.
+
+    SAMPLE SET, RELIEF MAPS (15), $1.00
+    SAMPLE ROMAN EMPIRE, - 10 CENTS
+
+    WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON, - - 5 West 18th Street, N.Y.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  A Good Agent
+    Wanted
+  In Every Town
+              for
+    "The Great Round World"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+    AS A
+    =SPECIAL INDUCEMENT=
+
+    for our subscribers to interest others in "The Great Round
+    World," we will give to each subscriber who sends us $2.50 to
+    pay for a year's subscription to a new name, a copy of
+
+    =Rand, McNally & Co.=
+      =1897 Atlas of the World.=
+
+    =160 pages of colored maps from new plates, size 11 1/2 x 14
+    inches, printed on special paper with marginal index, and well
+    worth its regular price - - - - $2.50.=
+
+Every one has some sort of an atlas, doubtless, but an old atlas is no
+better than an old directory; countries do not move away, as do people,
+but they do change and our knowledge of them increases, and this atlas,
+made in 1897 from =new= plates, is perfect and up to date and covers every
+point on
+
+    =The Great Round World.=
+
+Those not subscribers should secure the subscription of a friend and remit
+$5 to cover it and their own. A copy of the atlas will be sent to either
+address.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+GREAT ROUND WORLD,
+_3 and 5 West 18th Street, . . . . . . . .New York City._
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is
+Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 44, September 9, 1897, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND ***
+
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