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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/15457-8.txt b/15457-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d01503d --- /dev/null +++ b/15457-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1508 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World And What Is Going On +In It, Vol. 1. No. 23, April 15, 1897, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Great Round World And What Is Going On In It, Vol. 1. No. 23, April 15, 1897 + A Weekly Magazine for Boys and Girls + +Author: Various + +Editor: Julia Truitt Bishop + +Release Date: March 24, 2005 [EBook #15457] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD *** + + + + +Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Emmy and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team. (www.pgdp.net) + + + + + + + +_FIVE CENTS._ + +THE GREAT ROUND WORLD + +AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT + + SUBSCRIPTION PRICE. APRIL 15, 1897 Vol. 1. NO. 23 + $2.50 PER YEAR + [Entered at Post Office, New York City, as second-class matter] + +[Illustration] + + A WEEKLY NEWSPAPER FOR BOYS AND GIRLS + + WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON. PUBLISHER + + NO. 3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY + +=Copyright, 1897, by WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON.= + + * * * * * + +_We hope that_ ... + +=TEACHERS= + +will avail themselves of the special trial subscription rate of =$1 a +year= before the time expires. + + * * * * * + +GREAT ROUND WORLD, + +3 and 5 West 18th Street, . . . . . . New York City. + + * * * * * + +A great deal is expected of the teachers in our public schools at the +present day in the way of keeping the pupils conversant with the political +and scientific questions of the day. While this is as it should be, we +believe that if parents would look well to the quality of reading-matter +placed before their children better results would be obtained from the +teachers' efforts in this line. THE GREAT ROUND WORLD, AND WHAT IS +GOING ON IN IT, is the name of a newspaper for children, and without +exception it is the finest one of its kind ever published. It comes in +magazine form, and is overflowing with interesting subjects written in +such a bright and yet simple manner that the whole household unwittingly +becomes interested in it.--_Omer, Mich., Progress, Jan. 8, 1897._ + + * * * * * + +=THE · FIRST · BOUND · VOLUME= + +OF + +="The Great Round World"= + +(Containing Nos. 1 to 15) + +IS NOW READY. + + Handsomely bound in strong cloth, with title on side and back. + Price, postage paid, $1.25. Subscribers may exchange their + numbers by sending them to us (express paid) with 35 cents to + cover cost of binding, and 10 cents for return carriage. Address + +=_3 sad 5 West 18th Street,- - - -New York City._= + + * * * * * + +TWO EASY WAYS + +TO GET + +"The Great Round World." + + * * * * * + +=SEND IN YOUR SCHOOL-BOOKS--THE ONES YOU ARE NO LONGER USING.= A +great many boys and girls cannot buy new books, and are very glad to get +the used copies at a lower price. A list of prices that will be allowed is +given in Number 4 of GREAT ROUND WORLD. + +=GET TWO OTHER SUBSCRIBERS.= We will send free, for one year, +THE GREAT ROUND WORLD to any boy or girl who will send in two +other subscriptions, with the amount ($5.00). + +=Subscription Price, per Year, $2.50.= + + * * * * * + + AS A + =SPECIAL INDUCEMENT= + + for our subscribers to interest others in "The Great Round + World," we will give to each subscriber who sends us $2.50 to + pay for a year's subscription to a new name, a copy of + + =Rand, McNally & Co.= + =1897 Atlas of the World.= + + =160 pages of colored maps from new plates, size 11 1/2 x 14 + inches, printed on special paper with marginal index, and well + worth its regular price - - - - $2.50.= + + +Every one has some sort of an atlas, doubtless, but an old atlas is no +better than an old directory; countries do not move away, as do people, +but they do change and our knowledge of them increases, and this atlas, +made in 1897 from =new= plates, is perfect and up to date and covers every +point on + + =The Great Round World.= + +Those not subscribers should secure the subscription of a friend and remit +$5 to cover it and their own. A copy of the atlas will be sent to either +address. + + * * * * * + +GREAT ROUND WORLD, + +_3 and 5 West 18th Street, · · · · · · · ·New York City._ + + + +[Illustration: THE GREAT ROUND +WORLD +And WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT.] + + VOL. 1 APRIL 15, 1897. NO. 23 + + +It is said that the unfortunate Princess Charlotte of Belgium is to be +taken over to Mexico, in the hope that a visit to the scenes of her former +happiness may restore her reason. + +Her story brings back to memory a very sad and interesting page of our +modern history. + +Princess Charlotte, the daughter of Leopold I., King of the Belgians, was +the most accomplished and beautiful princess of her time. She was the only +daughter of the king. While she was still quite young he found she had a +great talent for statecraft, and so he had her admitted to all the +councils of state, and from her earliest childhood she was familiar with +the ways and arts of diplomacy. + +A brilliant future was expected for her, but when she was seventeen she +married, for love, the young Archduke Maximilian, brother of the Emperor +of Austria. + +There was no expectation that Maximilian would ever come to a throne, and +so it seemed as if the young princess' talents were to be thrown away when +she settled down with her husband, and became the happiest young wife in +Europe. + +For seven years these two young folks were a model happy couple; then, one +fatal day, Napoleon III. of France offered Maximilian the crown of Mexico. + +Europe thought that Mexico needed a wise and clever ruler to straighten +out the tangle into which its affairs had fallen, and it was supposed that +Maximilian, backed by his beautiful and clever wife, would be just the man +for the post. As Mexican affairs were in a very turbulent state, Napoleon +promised Maximilian that he would keep a number of French troops in the +country, and support him with an armed force, until the people of Mexico +had learned to love and trust him, and he could rule them without danger. + +Under these conditions Maximilian accepted, and the young couple became +Emperor and Empress of Mexico, and, setting forth to their new land, bade +farewell to Europe and happiness. + +At that time Mexico was in the most terrible condition, as you will +understand when you learn that within a period of forty-seven years there +were three hundred revolutions, some successful, some the reverse. During +this time the government was changed ten times, and over fifty persons +succeeded each other as presidents, dictators, and emperors. + +The throne of such an uneasy kingdom as this was by no means a pleasant +one to occupy. + +During these frequent revolutions it is easy to understand that many +treaties were broken, and much property was seized. + +The foreign residents in particular found Mexico a dangerous country to +live in, and within a few years Spain, England, and France were making +heavy claims against the country for damage done to their citizens. + +The claims of England and Spain were satisfied, and they withdrew the +troops they had sent to Mexico to enforce their demands. + +France, however, could get no satisfaction, and so she remained, and +carried on war against the Mexicans until she succeeded in getting a +little the best of them. + +It was at this moment that Louis Napoleon made up his mind that an Emperor +was what Mexico needed, and sent out the unfortunate Archduke Maximilian +to rule a wild, boisterous, and only half-conquered people. + +The Mexicans, ever pleased with a change, welcomed the Emperor very +kindly; the beauty and charity of the Empress made many friends for her, +and for a time all went well. + +With the aid of the French troops, Maximilian completed the conquest of +the rebellious Mexicans, and was at the height of his popularity, when, in +an evil moment, he made a proclamation that all the rebels who had fought +against the government should be regarded as bandits, and punished as +such. + +The people were furious at this. These bandits were many of them of their +own families and friends, and revolutions were so common in the country, +that they could not see why these men should be hanged and shot by a +foreign prince, whom they had never invited to come and govern them. + +From that moment they began to conspire against him, and his position was +becoming very unsafe, when Napoleon ordered his French soldiers to return +from Mexico. + +Maximilian would not allow this; he reminded Napoleon that he had only +accepted the throne on the condition that the French soldiers were left to +protect him; but Napoleon III. paid no attention to his protest, nor to +the assurance that he would not be safe if the French soldiers were +withdrawn. + +The orders to return to France were repeated. + +Both Maximilian and Charlotte were fearful of the result of this rash act; +and as the Empress had been very successful in managing several difficult +affairs in the government of Mexico, it was thought best that she should +go to Napoleon and explain things to him, and get the order for the +soldiers to remain in Mexico. + +She started on her long voyage, hopeful of success; but when she reached +France, Napoleon managed to avoid seeing her for months, and when at last +she was admitted to his presence, she found him cold, hard, and determined +to follow out his own plans. + +The French soldiers should leave Mexico at all cost. + +The poor young Empress had lived long enough in Mexico to fear the worst +for her husband if he were left to the tender mercies of the Mexicans. +Heartbroken at Napoleon's refusal, she determined to seek the Pope, and +see if he would not help her. + +The Pope received her with the greatest kindness, but soon convinced her +that, no matter how good his will, he had no power to aid her. + +When Charlotte realized this, and that her long journey had been of no +use, and that she had only separated herself from her beloved husband in +his hour of need, her mind gave way, and she became insane. + +Poor Maximilian, waiting anxiously for news of her success, received word +that his troubles had driven his wife insane, and from that moment he +cared little what became of him or of Mexico. + +A few months after Napoleon had so treacherously withdrawn his troops, the +people once more rose against their ruler. + +The Emperor led his army of loyal Mexicans against the rebels, but after a +few weeks was defeated, taken prisoner, and condemned to be shot. + +So ended the career of these two unfortunate young people. + +It is thought that the Empress to this hour does not know the fate that +befell her husband. + +The whole sad tragedy happened thirty years ago, and in all that time she +has never had a glimmering of reason. She is gentle, kindly, and +interested in the simple country life of the estate on which she lives. +Her madness has never taken a violent form, and it is said that she lives +in constant expectation of her husband's return. + +Of late her mind has become slightly clearer, and her doctors have decided +that it is possible that her reason may be restored if she once more +visits Mexico. + +This decision seems hardly a kindly one. If it be true that the poor +Empress, who is now a woman of fifty-seven, does not know the full force +of the sorrows that fell upon her, it would seem kinder to leave her in +ignorance of them, than to restore her reason, and allow her to suffer for +griefs that are now thirty years old. + + * * * * * + +Europe has again been shocked by the news of Christian Powers firing on +the Greeks, and endeavoring to prevent them from freeing themselves from +the rule of the hated heathen Turk. + +The feeling in England is very strong on this point. So much so that the +old statesman, Mr. Gladstone, who is to England what Bismarck has been to +Germany, has published a very fine letter on the subject. + +In the strongest kind of language, Mr. Gladstone calls the Powers to +account for the action they are taking. He declares that they are +listening to the advice of two ambitious young rulers, the Emperor of +Germany and the Czar of Russia, and allowing themselves to be guided by +the desires of these young men, instead of listening to the voice of the +people, which is decidedly against their actions. + +He speaks in no friendly terms of Turkey, her massacres and her misrule, +and says that Greece has done a great service for the world in helping +Crete to throw off the yoke of such a sovereign as the Sultan. + +He hopes that the people of Europe may be allowed to say what they think +in the matter, and feels confident that Greece will then no longer be +interfered with. He thinks the only true way to settle the difficulty, is +to let the Cretans have their own government under the rule of Greece, and +pay tribute to Turkey. + +Every one is wondering whether these bold words of Mr. Gladstone will have +an effect on the situation. + +The so-called Concert of the Powers does not seem to exist any longer. The +six powers are divided among themselves. Great Britain and Italy hold +together in not wanting harsh measures used with Greece; Germany and +Russia think force ought to be used, and France and Austria are +undecided. + +Some of the foreign papers are saying that it is quite impossible for the +Powers ever to come to an understanding. + +Some people are thinking that Mr. Gladstone's letter has already had an +effect, for a private telegram from Paris states that the Sultan of Turkey +has sent word to the Powers that he is willing to let King George of +Greece occupy the island of Crete, and govern it, provided that he pays +tribute for it. + +This is so exactly Mr. Gladstone's suggestion, that, if the report is +true, the Sultan would seem to have been influenced by him. + +Mr. Gladstone in his letter showed clearly how such an arrangement would +be of benefit to all concerned, and spoke of the island of Cyprus as an +example. Cyprus was once under the rule of Turkey, but is now governed by +the Queen of England, and pays a tribute to Turkey. + +It is to be hoped that this telegram is true, but we must remember that it +is only _news_, and not _history_, and therefore we must be quite prepared +to have it contradicted next week. + +The blockade of Crete is now complete. No ships are allowed to enter the +ports that bring supplies to the Cretans or Greeks. + +But the Greeks are not submitting tamely to the blockade. + +There are two forts that guard the entrance to Canea, and both of them are +being vigorously besieged by the insurgents, with the intention of +establishing a blockade of Canea on the landward side, and so keeping the +troops of the Powers enclosed where they can do little harm. + +A late despatch from Crete says that the Cretans have forced the Turks to +flee from Malaxa, and have killed the garrison. + +During the fight over Malaxa, the Turkish warships in the Bay of Suda +opened fire on the Cretans, with the hope of dislodging them from the +heights around Malaxa. The Powers have had the grace to be very much +disturbed at this, and have sent word to the admirals in command of the +fleets at Crete, that they may use their own best judgment about ordering +the Turkish warships to leave Crete. + +[Illustration: The Turkish Bastion in Canea with the flags of the six +Powers flying.] + +The admirals decided that the forts of Malaxa and Keratide must be kept +out of the hands of the Cretans, and so they sent word to the insurgents +that the Powers forbade them to attack either fort. + +The Cretans did not take the slightest notice of this order, but +continued the attack, and drove the Turks out. The allied warships in the +Bay of Suda at once opened fire on the Cretans, who withstood the fire +bravely. + +The result of the whole matter has been that, though the insurgents gained +a decided victory over the Turks, the foreign Powers have stepped in +between them and their prize, and are occupying the town of Malaxa. + +The Cretans must heartily wish that the Powers would go away and mind +their own business, and leave them to settle their own affairs. + +If it were not so sad and so serious, it would be amusing to watch the +double game that Turkey is playing with the Powers, and how she is +laughing in her sleeve at the whole of Europe. + +After months of conferences, and diplomatic fussing over plans of mighty +reforms which the Sultan was to make for the unfortunate Armenians, the +"unspeakable Turk" has not made one single effort to improve the condition +of these unhappy people. He has waited until the Powers of Europe have so +tangled themselves up over him, that he finds them befriending him, and +firing on brother Christians for his sweet sake, while he is still at +liberty to have a few more Armenians massacred without the fear of any +consequences. + +News has just come that there has been another slaughter of Armenians, +seven hundred of these unfortunate people having fallen victims to the +Turks. If the Powers have any conscience left, this news must have made +them thoroughly ashamed of their ridiculous position. + + * * * * * + +The week's news from Cuba is still of the same hopeful character for the +Cubans. + +It is stated on the best authority that the Cubans are in absolute +possession of the eastern end of the island, the whole province of +Santiago de Cuba being in the hands of the insurgents. + +[Illustration: Gen. Maximo Gomez] + +It is stated that this province is really _Cuba Libre_, or "Free Cuba." +The government is being carried on there, and the peasants are able to sow +their fields and gather their crops in peace and safety. + +The Cubans assert that if we would only recognize that they were engaged +in a real war, and give them the right to fit out a navy for themselves, +the war would be over in a very short time. They have now no fear but that +they will gain their liberty; they say, however, that with the Spanish +navy guarding the coast, and preventing the landing of help and supplies, +the war will last a good deal longer than it ought. + +The Spaniards are very uneasy, and Havana is greatly alarmed over the last +expedition of General Weyler. The Spanish general has determined to force +a battle on General Gomez, and to make one great effort to subdue him. + +It is reported that General Gomez is in Santa Clara, and Weyler has gone +thither with all the troops he can mass together to meet him. + +[Illustration: The Filibuster Bermuda near the Cuban coast] + +All Cuba has, however, learned by this time that the whereabouts of Gomez +and his army are never to be relied on. The Spaniards go out to fight them +in a certain place, and when they reach the spot where they expect the +enemy to be, they find that the Cubans have made a forced march and +escaped them, and are making war in quite a fresh section of the country. +The Cubans have accomplished some of the most wonderful marches in the +history of war, and have won many of their advantages by stealing past the +enemy that was advancing to fight them, and capturing towns and stores +left unprotected in the enemy's rear. + +It is therefore not to be wondered at that there is a report in Havana +that Gomez has slipped past Weyler, and is advancing upon the city to +capture it. + +If Gomez feels himself strong enough to fight a real battle with Weyler, +it may perhaps be the decisive battle of the war. + +All the Cuban generals have had good luck lately, but the most successful +and brilliant work has been done by General Calixto Garcia in Santiago. + +Lest you should feel confused when hearing of so many generals, and so +many provinces, it is perhaps as well to explain something about the +formation of the island of Cuba. + +It is a narrow, mountainous strip of land, 760 miles long and in some +parts only 28 miles wide, the very broadest part being 127 miles.[A] + +You can readily see that no one general could control the whole of such a +country. + +The Cuban army has been divided into three parts: + +The Eastern Division, under General Calixto Garcia, which is fighting in +and has brought peace to Santiago de Cuba, the most eastern part of the +island. + +The Central Division, under the leadership of General Maximo Gomez, +against which Weyler has set out, and which is supposed to be in Santa +Clara. + +The Western division, consisting of the bands that have been raiding the +suburbs of Havana, and making so much trouble in Pinar del Rio, the most +westerly province of the island. + +The brilliant feat that General Garcia has accomplished is that he has +made a force of nearly three thousand Spanish soldiers come out to meet +him, and after pretending to fall back before them until he had lured them +to a certain place, he has turned upon them, and chased them into the +mountains, until he has finally forced them into the Algones Valley. + +In this valley they are completely cut off from their friends, and he has +them at his mercy. News is hourly expected that the entire Spanish force +has either surrendered or been killed. + +If this is true, it will be a very severe blow to Spain. + +Reliable news has come that another part of Gomez's force has captured the +town of Holguin, an important town in Santiago de Cuba, and one of the few +strong-holds the Spanish still held in that province. It is said that +quantities of stores and ammunition fell into the Cubans' hands. + +A telegram from Havana says that Fondeviella, now a lieutenant-colonel, +has been made Chief of Police in Havana. The Spaniards must certainly +approve of this horrible man's conduct, and Havana is likely to feel still +more uneasy with such a person in power. A later telegram reports the +capture of General Ruis Rivera, who was in command of the Western +Division. If this is true it will be a sad check to the Cuban successes. + +[Footnote A: A very good map of Cuba may be purchased on news-stands for +10 cents.] + + * * * * * + +Reports have come that the dynamite-gun, of which the Cubans were so +proud, has proved a failure. + +The various nations, all over the world, are watching the trial of this +gun with the greatest interest. It can be so easily handled, can be +carried by ten men, and put together and made ready for firing two minutes +after it is unloaded, that other nations are anxious to see if it is +really the valuable weapon it is claimed to be. + +Besides the advantages of being light and easy to handle, it can be fired +without noise or smoke, and therefore its whereabouts are not easily +discovered by an enemy; and moreover, if it has to be abandoned in a +retreat, it can be disabled with one sharp blow of a stone, so that it can +never be turned on its fleeing owners by a victorious enemy. + +If the report about it is true, it has one fault, that is so serious that +it outweighs all the virtues. This fault is that the dynamite-gun has a +habit of going off at both ends; that is to say, it is liable to explode +both at the breech and the muzzle. It may therefore be quite as +destructive to the army firing it, as to the enemy at which it is fired. + +Of course this will render the gun very unpopular, if it is true; but +people who understand the weapon declare that the fault lies, not in the +gun, but with the climate of the West Indies. + +The three tubes of this gun (which we described fully in Number 6 of +THE GREAT ROUND WORLD) are fastened together at the breech with a +clasp which holds the whole mechanism of the gun in place. + +The climate of the West Indies is so moist that metal rusts in an +amazingly short space of time, and it is difficult to keep anything bright +and polished. + +It is supposed by those who understand the gun that, having been +constantly exposed to the moist air, it has rusted, and that the important +clasp has become so rusty that it can no longer be pushed fully home, and +so the gun is not secure. + +In their opinion the failure of the dynamite-gun has not been proved; it +may be necessary to make some alterations to fit it for service in swampy +countries, but that as a weapon it is still a success. + + * * * * * + +Terrible floods are reported from the Mississippi Valley. A section of the +country equal in size to the whole State of Missouri is now under water, +and steamboats are hurrying over what were once farm lands, rescuing the +unfortunate families who have been caught by the floods. + +The Mississippi, the largest river on our continent, flows through what is +known as the Gulf Coast Plain. + +The Gulf Coast Plain is formed by the valley lying between the great +mountain ranges which make the framework of our country. + +The Mississippi with its tributaries drains the whole of the enormous +tract of land lying between these three main mountain ranges. + +This great river forms the highway for the interior of our country, and +winds through the plain for about a thousand miles. Every year when the +heavy spring rains fall, and the snows melt in the north, the river +overflows its bed, and floods the lowlands around it. + +To keep the river within its bounds, mounds of earth, called levees, have +been built for hundreds of miles along the banks. The Mississippi floods +are only dangerous when the thaws are very sudden, or the rains so heavy +that the river swells in size to such an extent that the levees are broken +down, and the water, bursting its bounds, rushes with an angry flood over +the surrounding country, destroying everything in its path. + +As a usual thing the spring floods are beneficial to the country, for the +Mississippi is a very muddy river, and when it overflows it spreads this +mud over the country, in much the same fashion that the Nile does, and +with the same result of fertilizing and enriching the soil. + +All swift waters wash away some portion of their bed in their flow, and +carry it along with them in their journey to the sea. + +The Mississippi in its thousand-mile course carries a vast amount of this +stolen earth, so much indeed that every year it deposits in the Gulf of +Mexico an amount of mud which would make a pile one mile square and 268 +feet high. + +[Illustration] + +This enormous yearly deposit is literally filling up the Gulf, and in the +ages to come dry land and a new country will be found where the waters of +the Gulf now lie. + +Every year the Mississippi brings down enough earth with it to help it +move its mouth 338 feet farther out into the sea, and every year it builds +on to its delta, which now contains thousands of square miles! + +You can understand that the angry flood of such a powerful river as this +must be a very serious matter. For a distance of nearly twenty miles in +Arkansas, levees have given way, and thousands of acres of land have been +flooded; the waters sweeping away the homes, drowning the cattle, and +compelling the people to seek the points above the angry waters, and wait +in the hope of relief-boats coming to save them. + +In other parts of the country through which the river flows, special +trains loaded with sacks are being run to points near the river banks. The +sacks are filled with earth, and thrown upon the levees to strengthen +them. The men of that country are working night and day to shore up the +levees until the floods subside. + +This is the worst flood that has been known for many years, and people +along the banks of the Mississippi have been ruined through the damage +done by the waters. + + * * * * * + +March 22d was celebrated throughout Germany as a national holiday, for it +was on this day one hundred years ago that Emperor William I. was born. + +The old Emperor was the man who, with the help of Bismarck, united all the +various States and Principalities of Germany under one rule, and raised +Germany from the dust into which Napoleon had thrown her, to the glorious +position she holds to-day. + +The day was celebrated in Berlin by the unveiling of a magnificent +monument to the old Emperor. + +The statue of William I. shows him seated on horseback, with winged +figures representing Victory standing on the pedestal beneath him, and the +Goddess of Peace holding the bridle of his horse. + +On the base of the pedestal is carved: + + · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · + · WILLIAM THE GREAT, · + · · + · German Emperor--King of Prussia, · + · · + · 1861-1888. · + · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · + +And on the back: + + · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · + · With gratitude and faithful love, · + · · + · The German People. · + · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · + +The Emperor unveiled the monument in the presence of a great number of +German Princes and nobles, all of whom laid wreaths at the foot of the +monument. + +In consequence of the recent troubles over his "revelations," Prince +Bismarck was not invited to take part in the ceremonies. Many people +thought the young Emperor should have invited him in spite of everything; +but the people of Germany did not forget the man who had done so much for +them, and throughout the entire day telegrams and messages were showered +upon the old Iron Chancellor, by those who appreciated all he had done for +their country. + + * * * * * + +The New York Zoological Society has been presented with a tract of land +containing 261 acres, for the making of a Zoological Garden, which it is +intended shall be the finest in the world. The land presented to the +Society is in Bronx Park. + +The Zoo is to be finished within three years, and to be free to the public +at least four days of the week, including Sundays and all half holidays; +it is to be open not less than seven hours every day. + +Work is to be begun this spring, and the Vice-President of the Society +promises to have a part of the garden ready to open to the public next +spring. + +The Society agrees to prepare the park grounds, and erect such buildings +as are necessary to house the animals, and the City agrees to take care of +the animals and grounds after they are ready. + +This great work is being done by some public-spirited citizens, and when +we get our Zoo we shall have to thank these good people for it. + +The Botanical Garden, which is in course of preparation, will also be in +Bronx Park, and many of the same people who are working to get a +Zoological Garden for us have also helped to provide New York with its +Botanical Garden. + +One lady, Mrs. Esther Hermann, gave ten thousand dollars for the Botanical +Garden--which, according to the latest report, will be opened this summer. + + GENIE H. ROSENFELD. + + + + +ROUGHING IT IN A GOLD MINE. + + +DEAR EDITOR: + +I am not a subscriber to your interesting little paper, THE GREAT +ROUND WORLD, but my teacher Miss Margaret Gannon subscribed for this +paper and she reads it to us, that is, to the class, when it comes. I was +very much interested in the letter "Little Friend" wrote to you. She must +be a very kind-hearted little girl. It may be interesting to some of your +readers to hear how I went to a gold mine and got out some gold. As I was +going to "rough it" I only took my rifle, mackintosh, and boots, and a +small valise with my other necessary articles. I got on the train, and it +took two hours for me to get to the little station at Cedar Falls, N.C. +The mine was two miles from the village. I reached there at five o'clock. +The little shanty where we lived while we were there was about twelve feet +long by eight feet wide. + +The bunks were folded up during the day and unfolded at night. + +After hanging up my gun and putting my valise in the corner, I went to the +shaft or hole from which the gold ore is taken. After the two men went +down the shaft, the men at the top hauled up the bucket, and they put in +the tools, which were eight sharp drills, an eight-pound sledge-hammer, +and a scraper about three feet long. I got in among the tools, and down I +went. It was warm above, but on the way down the shaft, which was thirty +feet deep, it became cooler and damper. I stood on one side with a small +pick to cut out nuggets, while the men drilled a hole about two inches in +diameter and one foot deep, which they afterward filled with dynamite. +After sending the tools up, the other man and I went up, while the man we +left in the shaft lit the fuse. We all pulled at the windlass, and he was +soon at the top. After taking off the bucket we ran up the hill about a +hundred yards to watch the result. + +With an awful explosion and a tremendous shower of rocks the dynamite blew +a big hole in the side of the shaft. After driving out the smoke by +dropping large cedar bushes in the shaft, we went down again. + +We filled the bucket with rocks, which were drawn up. We soon emptied the +shaft in this way. Then we went to the top and assorted the ore. I filled +a large box with the richest rocks I could find, and they were shipped the +next day. + +Besides blasting for the ore, I panned a little, that is, I had a shallow +pan with a little of the dust from the shaft and some water. I washed the +dust until I had very little dust left; then I took a quill toothpick and +picked the small nuggets from the pan and put them into a small gold vial +full of water. + +After staying at the mine four days, I went home, having had a fine time +"roughing it" in a gold mine. + +Please send me full particulars of the "Who? When? What? Chart" as soon as +you possibly can, and also tell me whether you will send me one of those +books which you want criticised. I am eleven years old. I like to read +very much--history, travel, and adventure being my favorites. The books I +like specially are Oliver Optic's works for travels, and G.A. Henty's +works for historical facts and thrilling adventures. I like other books +also. + +Hoping that I do not inconvenience you, I am respectfully, + + JULES W.L., Jr. + GREENSBORO, N.C., March 25, 1897. + + + + +EXHIBITION OF CHILDREN'S WORK. + + +There has been a very interesting exhibition, in New York, of sewing done +by the children in the public schools. + +France, England, Germany, Switzerland, Russia, China, and Japan have all +sent exhibits of their work, and so it has been possible to see what kind +of sewing is being done all over the world. + +It is very much to the credit of America that the home work far outshines +that of any of the foreign countries. + +This exhibition was not one of fancy work or embroideries, though every +country sent some specimens of the special work for which it is +celebrated. The work shown was plain sewing, the cutting and making of new +garments, and the mending of old ones. + +The first principles of sewing were shown on neat little squares of +cloth--running, hemming, stitching, gathering, and buttonhole-making. Then +there were garments in which all these first steps were applied. + +While every country has sent specimens of clothing made by its children, +and each exhibits its own system of teaching sewing, none of these systems +seem so complete nor the finished garments so perfect as those of our own +country. + +In foreign countries no particular attention seems to be paid to the +cutting, shaping, and ornamenting of garments. The little underclothes +from Switzerland and Germany, especially, were made of such coarse cloth, +of such a hideous pattern, and so utterly without ornament, that it is not +pleasant to think there are really people in the world contented to wear +such unsightly clothes. + +In the American exhibit, every garment, for rich child or poor child, had +its little frill of lace, or its row of feather-stitching, which gave it a +finish that was very pretty. + +The daintiest set of garments came from the Industrial School for Colored +and Indian Children, in Hampton, Va. + +The most complete exhibit, which included plain sewing, dress-making, +hat-trimming, and fancy work of all kinds, was sent by the Pratt +Institute, in Brooklyn. The useful sewing from that school was above the +standard of excellence, and the art work fully equal to that of the New +York School of Applied Design. + +A very interesting part of the exhibit of every American school was the +darning and patching. We hear a good deal about people not learning to sew +properly nowadays, since the sewing-machine has come into such common use, +but the patches and darns shown by the twelve-year-old pupils of our +public schools would put the far-famed patching of our grandmothers to +shame. + +There were square patches, with the patterns matched so exquisitely that +you had to feel the edge before you could realize that the patch was +there; three-cornered "jags" darned so perfectly with their own threads +that they were invisible, and every kind of rent and tear and hole was +treated in its own particular way. + +The Japanese sent a number of beautiful designs for embroidery, and a case +full of queer little Japanese garments, but unfortunately they, too, were +made of coarse materials, and looked ugly and uninteresting. + +Russia sent Russian lace, and a number of photographs of school children +learning to sew. They also sent some lovely Russian embroidery, but no +plain sewing. + +Mexico had a case full of wonderful drawn work; France some wonderful +designs for dresses, and some beautifully finished dress-waists, but the +little under-garments were as coarse as those of Switzerland. This was a +disappointment, because we always suppose that France sets the fashion for +daintiness. + +Two very interesting pieces of work had been loaned for the occasion: one, +a sofa cushion worked by Martha Washington; and the other a map of England +and Wales, done in Berlin wools by George Washington's aunt. + +The map was beautifully worked, and was a marvel of neatness, with the +counties all outlined in different colors, and their names worked in with +very fine stitches. + +Of Martha Washington's handiwork it is hard to speak. It was the ugliest +sofa cushion you can imagine, worked in browns so that it should not show +the dirt, and with such irregular stitches that either Madam Washington +must have been losing her sight when she worked it, or else she was a very +poor needle-woman. + +The American exhibit had one wonderful case of work done by the blind. It +consisted of patches with specimens of sewing and running on them, a great +many very fairly done buttonholes, and several little dolls' aprons very +neatly hemmed, and gathered with fine, even gathers. + +It seemed impossible to believe that the hands that did this work had no +eyes to guide them. The buttonholes were so well made that they looked +like the work of some careful, clever young children. + +What a wonderful age we live in! Fancy bringing the art of teaching to +such perfection that the blind can be taught to sew! Our young folks ought +to be very thankful that they are growing up at a time when teachers +endeavor to make learning a pleasure as well as a profit. G.H.R. + + + + +BOOK REVIEWS. + + +We publish the following letter about the "Carved Cartoon": + +This book deserves every word of praise given to it by our correspondent. +It is one of the most delightful stories written. It treats of the +adventures of Grinling Gibson, the famous carver in wood, who carved +flowers so delicately that they could absolutely move on their stems. + EDITOR. + + _To the Editor:_ + + DEAR SIR.--Every year the cry for books increases. + "Tell us what to read," is the constantly repeated demand, and + parents, teachers, and publishers are often at a loss to keep + the active brains of our young people supplied with sound, + wholesome, and interesting literature. + + Science, art, history, and zoology are presented to the little + ones in varied and attractive forms, and now THE GREAT ROUND + WORLD has come forward to fill a long-felt want by giving + the boys and girls clean, healthy, and concise accounts of what + is taking place in their own and other countries. + + It has always seemed strange to me that so few parents place in + their children's hands that beautiful story entitled the "Carved + Cartoon." It is a book of breathless interest, containing the + adventures of a young artist and a boy musician during the great + London plague and fire. + + The story is founded on fact, and the author's pen holds the + reader entranced as it vividly pictures the stirring scenes of + those thrilling years. + + The noble character and brilliant talents of the young hero + shine star-like through the surrounding darkness of greed, + avarice, and poverty. + + Trusting that no boy or girl will let an opportunity to read + this fascinating book slip by, I am very cordially your + interested reader, + + ELEANOR MAUD C----. + + + + +LETTERS TO THE EDITOR + + + DEAR MR. EDITOR: + + Would you kindly tell me what books to read? I am eleven years + old, and the books I like best are Miss Alcott's "Little Men," + "Jack and Jill," "Eight Cousins," and "Under the Lilacs," and + Miss Sydney's "Five Little Peppers," and I like books of that + style. I remain, + + Your devoted reader, + WALTER L.S. + + P.S.--I read "Jack and Jill" six times. + + NEW YORK, March 20, 1897. + + +"Beautiful Joe: the Autobiography of a Dog," by Marshall Saunders; "Black +Beauty," by Sewell; "The Wonder-Book" and "Tanglewood Tales," by +Hawthorne; "Greek Heroes and Greek Fairy Tales," by Kingsley; +"Jackanapes," by Mrs. Ewing; "Ten Boys Who Lived on the Road from Long +Ago," by Jane Andrews. + +This list has been made for you by two very nice little girls named Clare +and Eleanor. They have read and liked all the books in the list. + + EDITOR. + + + DEAR EDITOR: + + I like THE GREAT ROUND WORLD very much, and have just + finished reading it. I would like to ask a few questions. + + Do you think that Cuba will ever be free? + + Do you think that the United States will help Cuba? + + I was very much interested reading about the Inauguration. + + I was very sorry about Dr. Ricardo Ruiz being killed in Cuba. + + I was very much interested in the article about wheels. + + I must now stop, and success to your paper. + + Your affectionate reader, + TOM M.A. + March 20, 1897. + + +MY DEAR TOM: + +Thank you for your nice letter. In answer to your questions: We do think +that Cuba will be free, and that she will gain her freedom before very +long. We do not think that this country will help Cuba. It hardly seems +necessary now that we should help; the Spaniards are losing ground every +day, and it will probably be best for the United States to wait until the +brave little island has fought her last battle, and then let Uncle Sam +come forward and help Cuba to re-establish her commerce. + + THE EDITOR. + + + DEAR EDITOR: + + I enjoy THE GREAT ROUND WORLD very much indeed, and + wish the dreadful war with Cuba would stop; but I do not want + the Cubans to give up; it is just like the Revolutionary War + with us; we did not give up, and I hope Cuba won't. + + I have a little black and tan dog, and call him Jack. He is very + cunning indeed, he has a hard rubber ball he plays with. There + also is another black and tan dog in the house whose name is + Gipsy; she, also, is very cunning. + + I remain your affectionate reader, + HELEN A.S. + NEW YORK, MARCH 20, 1897. + + +Many thanks, dear Helen, for your letter. We are quite of your opinion, +and hope most sincerely that Cuba will not give up until she has won her +freedom. + + EDITOR. + + * * * * * + + +THE GREAT ROUND WORLD + +NATURAL HISTORY + +STORIES. + +A Series of True Stories + +BY + +JULIA TRUITT BISHOP. + +Attractively Illustrated by Barnes. + + * * * * * + +These stories will be issued in parts. Price, 10 cents each. Subscription +price (12 numbers), $1.00. Part 1. issued as supplement to GREAT ROUND +WORLD. 19. + + * * * * * + + =Author's Preface.= + + The stories published in this little volume have been issued + from time to time in the Philadelphia _Times_, and it is at the + request of many readers that they now greet the world in more + enduring form. They have been written as occasion suggested, + during several years; and they commemorate to me many of the + friends I have known and loved in the animal world. "Shep" and + "Dr. Jim," "Abdallah" and "Brownie," "Little Dryad" and + "Peek-a-Boo." I have been fast friends with every one, and have + watched them with such loving interest that I knew all their + ways and could almost read their thoughts. I send them on to + other lovers of dumb animals, hoping that the stories of these + friends of mine will carry pleasure to young and old. + + * * * * * + + =WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON,= + + =3 & 5 West 18th Street.= + + * * * * * + +Do you Cover your Books? + + THE "ONE PIECE" + ADJUSTABLE BOOK COVERS + +are made of the strongest and best book-cover paper obtainable. This paper +is made in large quantities especially for these book covers and will +protect books perfectly. The book covers themselves are a marvel of +ingenuity, and, although they are in one piece and can be adjusted to fit +perfectly any sized book without cutting the paper, they are also so +simple that any boy or girl can use them; as they are already gummed they +are always ready for use. + +A sample dozen will be mailed to any address for 20 cents (or ten two-cent +stamps) if you write + + WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON + + 3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City + + * * * * * + + + + A Good Agent + Wanted + In Every Town + for + "The Great Round World" + + + + +Which Is Your Favorite + +_BICYCLE_ + +You have your choice of any wheel in the market if you send us one hundred +regular subscriptions to the + +"Great Round World" + +Show the paper to your friends, and you will soon find one hundred people +who will be glad to subscribe. Send the subscriptions in to us as fast as +received, and when the one hundredth, reaches us you can go to ANY dealer +YOU choose, buy ANY wheel YOU choose, and we will pay the bill. + +Six-months' subscriptions will be counted as one-half, three-months' as +one-quarter, + +_SAMPLE COPIES WILL BE FURNISHED AT HALF PRICE. (SEE OTHER OFFERS)_ + +Great Round World +3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World And What Is +Going On In It, Vol. 1. No. 23, April 15, 1897, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD *** + +***** This file should be named 15457-8.txt or 15457-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/5/4/5/15457/ + +Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Emmy and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team. 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No. 23, April 15, 1897, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Great Round World And What Is Going On In It, Vol. 1. No. 23, April 15, 1897 + A Weekly Magazine for Boys and Girls + +Author: Various + +Editor: Julia Truitt Bishop + + +Release Date: March 24, 2005 [EBook #15457] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD *** + + + + +Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Emmy and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team. (www.pgdp.net) + + + + + + +</pre> + + + + +<p><a name="Page_625" id="Page_625"></a></p> + +<p class="figcenter"><img src="./images/covera.jpg" alt="THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT" title="THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT" /></p> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" summary="subscription, date and volume"> +<tr><td align='center'><span class='smcap'>Subscription Price</span>,</td> +<td align='center'><b>April 15, 1897</b></td> +<td align='left'><b>Vol. 1. <span class='smcap'>No</span>. 23</b></td></tr> + +<tr><td align='center'>$2.50 PER YEAR</td> +<td align='left'>[Entered at Post Office, New York City, as second-class matter]</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<p class="figcenter"><a href="./images/coverb.jpg"><img src="./images/coverb-tb.jpg" alt="Cover Illlustration, Globe" title="Cover Illlustration, Globe" /></a></p> + +<p class="figcenter"><img src="./images/coverc.jpg" alt="William Beverley Harison, Publisher" title="William Beverley Harison, Publisher" /></p> + +<p class='center'><b>Copyright, 1897, by <span class='smcap'>William Beverley Harison.</span></b><a name="Page_626" id="Page_626"></a></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><i>We hope that</i> ...</p> + +<h3>TEACHERS</h3> + +<p>will avail themselves of the special trial subscription rate of <b>$1 a +year</b> before the time expires.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>GREAT ROUND WORLD,</h3> + +<p class='center'><b>3 and 5 West 18th Street,...... New York City.</b></p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>A great deal is expected of the teachers in our public schools at the +present day in the way of keeping the pupils conversant with the political +and scientific questions of the day. While this is as it should be, we +believe that if parents would look well to the quality of reading-matter +placed before their children better results would be obtained from the +teachers' efforts in this line. <span class='smcap'>The Great Round World, and What Is +Going On in It</span>, is the name of a newspaper for children, and without +exception it is the finest one of its kind ever published. It comes in +magazine form, and is overflowing with interesting subjects written in +such a bright and yet simple manner that the whole household unwittingly +becomes interested in it.—<i>Omer, Mich., Progress, Jan. 8, 1897.</i></p></div> + +<hr style='width: 65%;' /> + +<h2>THE · FIRST · BOUND · VOLUME</h2> + +<p class='center'>OF</p> + +<h3>"The Great Round World"</h3> + +<p class='center'>(Containing Nos. 1 to 15)</p> + +<h3>IS NOW READY.</h3> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>Handsomely bound in strong cloth, with title on side and back. + Price, postage paid, $1.25. Subscribers may exchange their + numbers by sending them to us (express paid) with 35 cents to + cover cost of binding, and 10 cents for return carriage. Address</p></div> + +<p class='center'><b><i>3 sad 5 West 18th Street,——— New York City.</i></b><a name="Page_627" id="Page_627"></a></p> + +<hr style='width: 65%;' /> + +<h3>TWO EASY WAYS</h3> + +<h4>TO GET</h4> + +<h2>"The Great Round World."</h2> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p><b><span class="u">SEND IN YOUR SCHOOL-BOOKS—THE ONES YOU ARE NO LONGER USING.</span></b> A +great many boys and girls cannot buy new books, and are very glad to get +the used copies at a lower price. A list of prices that will be allowed is +given in Number 4 of <span class='smcap'>Great Round World.</span></p> + +<p><b><span class="u">GET TWO OTHER SUBSCRIBERS.</span></b> We will send free, for one year, +<span class='smcap'>The Great Round World</span> to any boy or girl who will send in two +other subscriptions, with the amount ($5.00).</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p class='center'><b>Subscription Price, per Year, $2.50.</b><a name="Page_628" id="Page_628"></a></p> + +<hr style='width: 65%;' /> +<h4>AS A</h4> +<h2>SPECIAL INDUCEMENT +</h2> + +<div class="blockquot">for our subscribers to interest others in "The Great Round + World," we will give to each subscriber who sends us $2.50 to + pay for a year's subscription to a new name, a copy of</div> + + +<h2 style="text-align: left; margin-left: 7em; margin-top: .5em; margin-bottom: .5em;">Rand, McNally & Co.</h2> +<h2 style="text-align: right; margin-right: 7em;margin-top: .5em; margin-bottom: .5em;">1897 Atlas of the World.</h2> + + +<div class="blockquot"><b>160 pages of colored maps from new plates, size 11 1/2 x 14 + inches, printed on special paper with marginal index, and well + worth its regular price—— $2.50.</b></div> + + +<p>Every one has some sort of an atlas, doubtless, but an old atlas is no +better than an old directory; countries do not move away, as do people, +but they do change and our knowledge of them increases, and this atlas, +made in 1897 from <b>new</b> plates, is perfect and up to date and covers every +point on</p> + +<h3>The Great Round World.</h3> + +<p>Those not subscribers should secure the subscription of a friend and remit +$5 to cover it and their own. A copy of the atlas will be sent to either +address.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<div class='center'>GREAT ROUND WORLD,</div> + +<div class='center'><i>3 and 5 West 18th Street, · · · · · · · ·New York City.</i></div> +<p><a name="Page_629" id="Page_629"></a></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p class="figcenter"><img src="./images/title.jpg" alt="THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT" title="THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT" /></p> + +<div class='center'><b><span class='smcap'>Vol.</span> 1 <span class='smcap'>April</span> 15, 1897. <span class='smcap'>No.</span> 23</b></div> + + +<hr style="width: 45%;" /> + +<p>It is said that the unfortunate Princess Charlotte of Belgium is to be +taken over to Mexico, in the hope that a visit to the scenes of her former +happiness may restore her reason.</p> + +<p>Her story brings back to memory a very sad and interesting page of our +modern history.</p> + +<p>Princess Charlotte, the daughter of Leopold I., King of the Belgians, was +the most accomplished and beautiful princess of her time. She was the only +daughter of the king. While she was still quite young he found she had a +great talent for statecraft, and so he had her admitted to all the +councils of state, and from her earliest childhood she was familiar with +the ways and arts of diplomacy.</p> + +<p>A brilliant future was expected for her, but when she was seventeen she +married, for love, the young Archduke Maximilian, brother of the Emperor +of Austria.</p> + +<p>There was no expectation that Maximilian would ever come to a throne, and +so it seemed as if the young princess' talents were to be thrown away when +<a name="Page_630" id="Page_630"></a>she settled down with her husband, and became the happiest young wife in +Europe.</p> + +<p>For seven years these two young folks were a model happy couple; then, one +fatal day, Napoleon III. of France offered Maximilian the crown of Mexico.</p> + +<p>Europe thought that Mexico needed a wise and clever ruler to straighten +out the tangle into which its affairs had fallen, and it was supposed that +Maximilian, backed by his beautiful and clever wife, would be just the man +for the post. As Mexican affairs were in a very turbulent state, Napoleon +promised Maximilian that he would keep a number of French troops in the +country, and support him with an armed force, until the people of Mexico +had learned to love and trust him, and he could rule them without danger.</p> + +<p>Under these conditions Maximilian accepted, and the young couple became +Emperor and Empress of Mexico, and, setting forth to their new land, bade +farewell to Europe and happiness.</p> + +<p>At that time Mexico was in the most terrible condition, as you will +understand when you learn that within a period of forty-seven years there +were three hundred revolutions, some successful, some the reverse. During +this time the government was changed ten times, and over fifty persons +succeeded each other as presidents, dictators, and emperors.</p> + +<p>The throne of such an uneasy kingdom as this was by no means a pleasant +one to occupy.</p> + +<p>During these frequent revolutions it is easy to understand that many +treaties were broken, and much property was seized.</p> + +<p>The foreign residents in particular found Mexico a dangerous country to +live in, and within a few <a name="Page_631" id="Page_631"></a>years Spain, England, and France were making +heavy claims against the country for damage done to their citizens.</p> + +<p>The claims of England and Spain were satisfied, and they withdrew the +troops they had sent to Mexico to enforce their demands.</p> + +<p>France, however, could get no satisfaction, and so she remained, and +carried on war against the Mexicans until she succeeded in getting a +little the best of them.</p> + +<p>It was at this moment that Louis Napoleon made up his mind that an Emperor +was what Mexico needed, and sent out the unfortunate Archduke Maximilian +to rule a wild, boisterous, and only half-conquered people.</p> + +<p>The Mexicans, ever pleased with a change, welcomed the Emperor very +kindly; the beauty and charity of the Empress made many friends for her, +and for a time all went well.</p> + +<p>With the aid of the French troops, Maximilian completed the conquest of +the rebellious Mexicans, and was at the height of his popularity, when, in +an evil moment, he made a proclamation that all the rebels who had fought +against the government should be regarded as bandits, and punished as +such.</p> + +<p>The people were furious at this. These bandits were many of them of their +own families and friends, and revolutions were so common in the country, +that they could not see why these men should be hanged and shot by a +foreign prince, whom they had never invited to come and govern them.</p> + +<p>From that moment they began to conspire against him, and his position was +becoming very unsafe, when Napoleon ordered his French soldiers to return +from Mexico.<a name="Page_632" id="Page_632"></a></p> + +<p>Maximilian would not allow this; he reminded Napoleon that he had only +accepted the throne on the condition that the French soldiers were left to +protect him; but Napoleon III. paid no attention to his protest, nor to +the assurance that he would not be safe if the French soldiers were +withdrawn.</p> + +<p>The orders to return to France were repeated.</p> + +<p>Both Maximilian and Charlotte were fearful of the result of this rash act; +and as the Empress had been very successful in managing several difficult +affairs in the government of Mexico, it was thought best that she should +go to Napoleon and explain things to him, and get the order for the +soldiers to remain in Mexico.</p> + +<p>She started on her long voyage, hopeful of success; but when she reached +France, Napoleon managed to avoid seeing her for months, and when at last +she was admitted to his presence, she found him cold, hard, and determined +to follow out his own plans.</p> + +<p>The French soldiers should leave Mexico at all cost.</p> + +<p>The poor young Empress had lived long enough in Mexico to fear the worst +for her husband if he were left to the tender mercies of the Mexicans. +Heartbroken at Napoleon's refusal, she determined to seek the Pope, and +see if he would not help her.</p> + +<p>The Pope received her with the greatest kindness, but soon convinced her +that, no matter how good his will, he had no power to aid her.</p> + +<p>When Charlotte realized this, and that her long journey had been of no +use, and that she had only separated herself from her beloved husband in +his hour of need, her mind gave way, and she became insane.</p> + +<p>Poor Maximilian, waiting anxiously for news of her <a name="Page_633" id="Page_633"></a>success, received word +that his troubles had driven his wife insane, and from that moment he +cared little what became of him or of Mexico.</p> + +<p>A few months after Napoleon had so treacherously withdrawn his troops, the +people once more rose against their ruler.</p> + +<p>The Emperor led his army of loyal Mexicans against the rebels, but after a +few weeks was defeated, taken prisoner, and condemned to be shot.</p> + +<p>So ended the career of these two unfortunate young people.</p> + +<p>It is thought that the Empress to this hour does not know the fate that +befell her husband.</p> + +<p>The whole sad tragedy happened thirty years ago, and in all that time she +has never had a glimmering of reason. She is gentle, kindly, and +interested in the simple country life of the estate on which she lives. +Her madness has never taken a violent form, and it is said that she lives +in constant expectation of her husband's return.</p> + +<p>Of late her mind has become slightly clearer, and her doctors have decided +that it is possible that her reason may be restored if she once more +visits Mexico.</p> + +<p>This decision seems hardly a kindly one. If it be true that the poor +Empress, who is now a woman of fifty-seven, does not know the full force +of the sorrows that fell upon her, it would seem kinder to leave her in +ignorance of them, than to restore her reason, and allow her to suffer for +griefs that are now thirty years old.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>Europe has again been shocked by the news of Christian Powers firing on +the Greeks, and endeavoring <a name="Page_634" id="Page_634"></a>to prevent them from freeing themselves from +the rule of the hated heathen Turk.</p> + +<p>The feeling in England is very strong on this point. So much so that the +old statesman, Mr. Gladstone, who is to England what Bismarck has been to +Germany, has published a very fine letter on the subject.</p> + +<p>In the strongest kind of language, Mr. Gladstone calls the Powers to +account for the action they are taking. He declares that they are +listening to the advice of two ambitious young rulers, the Emperor of +Germany and the Czar of Russia, and allowing themselves to be guided by +the desires of these young men, instead of listening to the voice of the +people, which is decidedly against their actions.</p> + +<p>He speaks in no friendly terms of Turkey, her massacres and her misrule, +and says that Greece has done a great service for the world in helping +Crete to throw off the yoke of such a sovereign as the Sultan.</p> + +<p>He hopes that the people of Europe may be allowed to say what they think +in the matter, and feels confident that Greece will then no longer be +interfered with. He thinks the only true way to settle the difficulty, is +to let the Cretans have their own government under the rule of Greece, and +pay tribute to Turkey.</p> + +<p>Every one is wondering whether these bold words of Mr. Gladstone will have +an effect on the situation.</p> + +<p>The so-called Concert of the Powers does not seem to exist any longer. The +six powers are divided among themselves. Great Britain and Italy hold +together in not wanting harsh measures used with Greece; Germany and +Russia think force ought to be used, and France and Austria are +undecided.<a name="Page_635" id="Page_635"></a></p> + +<p>Some of the foreign papers are saying that it is quite impossible for the +Powers ever to come to an understanding.</p> + +<p>Some people are thinking that Mr. Gladstone's letter has already had an +effect, for a private telegram from Paris states that the Sultan of Turkey +has sent word to the Powers that he is willing to let King George of +Greece occupy the island of Crete, and govern it, provided that he pays +tribute for it.</p> + +<p>This is so exactly Mr. Gladstone's suggestion, that, if the report is +true, the Sultan would seem to have been influenced by him.</p> + +<p>Mr. Gladstone in his letter showed clearly how such an arrangement would +be of benefit to all concerned, and spoke of the island of Cyprus as an +example. Cyprus was once under the rule of Turkey, but is now governed by +the Queen of England, and pays a tribute to Turkey.</p> + +<p>It is to be hoped that this telegram is true, but we must remember that it +is only <i>news</i>, and not <i>history</i>, and therefore we must be quite prepared +to have it contradicted next week.</p> + +<p>The blockade of Crete is now complete. No ships are allowed to enter the +ports that bring supplies to the Cretans or Greeks.</p> + +<p>But the Greeks are not submitting tamely to the blockade.</p> + +<p>There are two forts that guard the entrance to Canea, and both of them are +being vigorously besieged by the insurgents, with the intention of +establishing a blockade of Canea on the landward side, and so keeping the +troops of the Powers enclosed where they can do little harm.<a name="Page_636" id="Page_636"></a></p> + +<p>A late despatch from Crete says that the Cretans have forced the Turks to +flee from Malaxa, and have killed the garrison.</p> + +<p>During the fight over Malaxa, the Turkish warships in the Bay of Suda +opened fire on the Cretans, with the hope of dislodging them from the +heights around Malaxa. The Powers have had the grace to be very much +disturbed at this, and have sent word to the admirals in command of the +fleets at Crete, that they may use their own best judgment about ordering +the Turkish warships to leave Crete.</p> + +<p class="figcenter"><a href="./images/12.jpg"><img src="./images/12-tb.jpg" alt="The Turkish Bastion in Canea with the flags of the six Powers flying." title="The Turkish Bastion in Canea with the flags of the six Powers flying." /></a></p> + +<p>The admirals decided that the forts of Malaxa and Keratide must be kept +out of the hands of the Cretans, and so they sent word to the insurgents +that the Powers forbade them to attack either fort.</p> + +<p>The Cretans did not take the slightest notice of this <a name="Page_637" id="Page_637"></a>order, but +continued the attack, and drove the Turks out. The allied warships in the +Bay of Suda at once opened fire on the Cretans, who withstood the fire +bravely.</p> + +<p>The result of the whole matter has been that, though the insurgents gained +a decided victory over the Turks, the foreign Powers have stepped in +between them and their prize, and are occupying the town of Malaxa.</p> + +<p>The Cretans must heartily wish that the Powers would go away and mind +their own business, and leave them to settle their own affairs.</p> + +<p>If it were not so sad and so serious, it would be amusing to watch the +double game that Turkey is playing with the Powers, and how she is +laughing in her sleeve at the whole of Europe.</p> + +<p>After months of conferences, and diplomatic fussing over plans of mighty +reforms which the Sultan was to make for the unfortunate Armenians, the +"unspeakable Turk" has not made one single effort to improve the condition +of these unhappy people. He has waited until the Powers of Europe have so +tangled themselves up over him, that he finds them befriending him, and +firing on brother Christians for his sweet sake, while he is still at +liberty to have a few more Armenians massacred without the fear of any +consequences.</p> + +<p>News has just come that there has been another slaughter of Armenians, +seven hundred of these unfortunate people having fallen victims to the +Turks. If the Powers have any conscience left, this news must have made +them thoroughly ashamed of their ridiculous position.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> +<p><a name="Page_638" id="Page_638"></a></p> + +<p>The week's news from Cuba is still of the same hopeful character for the +Cubans.</p> + +<p>It is stated on the best authority that the Cubans are in absolute +possession of the eastern end of the island, the whole province of +Santiago de Cuba being in the hands of the insurgents.</p> + +<div class="figleft"><a href="./images/14.jpg"><img src="./images/14-tb.jpg" alt="Gen. Maximo Gomez" title="Gen. Maximo Gomez" /></a></div> + +<p>It is stated that this province is really <i>Cuba Libre</i>, or "Free Cuba." +The government is being carried on there, and the peasants are able to sow +their fields and gather their crops in peace and safety.</p> + +<p>The Cubans assert that if we would only recognize that they were engaged +in a real war, and give them the right to fit out a navy for themselves, +the war would be over in a very short time. They have now no fear but that +they will gain their liberty; they say, however, that with the Spanish +navy guarding the coast, and preventing the landing of help and supplies, +the war will last a good deal longer than it ought.</p> + +<p>The Spaniards are very uneasy, and Havana is greatly alarmed over the last +expedition of General Weyler. The Spanish general has determined to force +<a name="Page_639" id="Page_639"></a>a battle on General Gomez, and to make one great effort to subdue him.</p> + +<p>It is reported that General Gomez is in Santa Clara, and Weyler has gone +thither with all the troops he can mass together to meet him.</p> + +<p class="figcenter"><a href="./images/15.jpg"><img src="./images/15-tb.jpg" alt="The Filibuster Bermuda near the Cuban coast" title="The Filibuster Bermuda near the Cuban coast" /></a></p> + + +<p>All Cuba has, however, learned by this time that the whereabouts of Gomez +and his army are never to be relied on. The Spaniards go out to fight them +in a certain place, and when they reach the spot where they expect the +enemy to be, they find that the Cubans have made a forced march and +escaped them, and are making war in quite a fresh section of the country. +The Cubans have accomplished some of the most wonderful marches in the +history of war, and have won many of their advantages by stealing past the +enemy that was advancing to fight them, and capturing towns and stores +left unprotected in the enemy's rear.</p> + +<p>It is therefore not to be wondered at that there is a report in Havana +that Gomez has slipped past Weyler, and is advancing upon the city to +capture it.</p> + +<p>If Gomez feels himself strong enough to fight a real <a name="Page_640" id="Page_640"></a>battle with Weyler, +it may perhaps be the decisive battle of the war.</p> + +<p>All the Cuban generals have had good luck lately, but the most successful +and brilliant work has been done by General Calixto Garcia in Santiago.</p> + +<p>Lest you should feel confused when hearing of so many generals, and so +many provinces, it is perhaps as well to explain something about the +formation of the island of Cuba.</p> + +<p>It is a narrow, mountainous strip of land, 760 miles long and in some +parts only 28 miles wide, the very broadest part being 127 miles.<a name="FNanchor_A_1" id="FNanchor_A_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_A_1" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></p> + +<p>You can readily see that no one general could control the whole of such a +country.</p> + +<p>The Cuban army has been divided into three parts:</p> + +<p>The Eastern Division, under General Calixto Garcia, which is fighting in +and has brought peace to Santiago de Cuba, the most eastern part of the +island.</p> + +<p>The Central Division, under the leadership of General Maximo Gomez, +against which Weyler has set out, and which is supposed to be in Santa +Clara.</p> + +<p>The Western division, consisting of the bands that have been raiding the +suburbs of Havana, and making so much trouble in Pinar del Rio, the most +westerly province of the island.</p> + +<p>The brilliant feat that General Garcia has accomplished is that he has +made a force of nearly three thousand Spanish soldiers come out to meet +him, and after pretending to fall back before them until he had lured them +to a certain place, he has turned upon <a name="Page_641" id="Page_641"></a>them, and chased them into the +mountains, until he has finally forced them into the Algones Valley.</p> + +<p>In this valley they are completely cut off from their friends, and he has +them at his mercy. News is hourly expected that the entire Spanish force +has either surrendered or been killed.</p> + +<p>If this is true, it will be a very severe blow to Spain.</p> + +<p>Reliable news has come that another part of Gomez's force has captured the +town of Holguin, an important town in Santiago de Cuba, and one of the few +strong-holds the Spanish still held in that province. It is said that +quantities of stores and ammunition fell into the Cubans' hands.</p> + +<p>A telegram from Havana says that Fondeviella, now a lieutenant-colonel, +has been made Chief of Police in Havana. The Spaniards must certainly +approve of this horrible man's conduct, and Havana is likely to feel still +more uneasy with such a person in power. A later telegram reports the +capture of General Ruis Rivera, who was in command of the Western +Division. If this is true it will be a sad check to the Cuban successes.</p> +<div class="footnotes">FOOTNOTE: +<div class="footnote"><a name="Footnote_A_1" id="Footnote_A_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_A_1"><span class="label">[A]</span></a>A very good map of Cuba may be purchased on news-stands for +10 cents.</div></div> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>Reports have come that the dynamite-gun, of which the Cubans were so +proud, has proved a failure.</p> + +<p>The various nations, all over the world, are watching the trial of this +gun with the greatest interest. It can be so easily handled, can be +carried by ten men, and put together and made ready for firing two minutes +after it is unloaded, that other nations are anxious to see if it is +really the valuable weapon it is claimed to be.<a name="Page_642" id="Page_642"></a></p> + +<p>Besides the advantages of being light and easy to handle, it can be fired +without noise or smoke, and therefore its whereabouts are not easily +discovered by an enemy; and moreover, if it has to be abandoned in a +retreat, it can be disabled with one sharp blow of a stone, so that it can +never be turned on its fleeing owners by a victorious enemy.</p> + +<p>If the report about it is true, it has one fault, that is so serious that +it outweighs all the virtues. This fault is that the dynamite-gun has a +habit of going off at both ends; that is to say, it is liable to explode +both at the breech and the muzzle. It may therefore be quite as +destructive to the army firing it, as to the enemy at which it is fired.</p> + +<p>Of course this will render the gun very unpopular, if it is true; but +people who understand the weapon declare that the fault lies, not in the +gun, but with the climate of the West Indies.</p> + +<p>The three tubes of this gun (which we described fully in Number 6 of +<span class='smcap'>The Great Round World</span>) are fastened together at the breech with a +clasp which holds the whole mechanism of the gun in place.</p> + +<p>The climate of the West Indies is so moist that metal rusts in an +amazingly short space of time, and it is difficult to keep anything bright +and polished.</p> + +<p>It is supposed by those who understand the gun that, having been +constantly exposed to the moist air, it has rusted, and that the important +clasp has become so rusty that it can no longer be pushed fully home, and +so the gun is not secure.</p> + +<p>In their opinion the failure of the dynamite-gun has not been proved; it +may be necessary to make some <a name="Page_643" id="Page_643"></a>alterations to fit it for service in swampy +countries, but that as a weapon it is still a success.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>Terrible floods are reported from the Mississippi Valley. A section of the +country equal in size to the whole State of Missouri is now under water, +and steamboats are hurrying over what were once farm lands, rescuing the +unfortunate families who have been caught by the floods.</p> + +<p>The Mississippi, the largest river on our continent, flows through what is +known as the Gulf Coast Plain.</p> + +<p>The Gulf Coast Plain is formed by the valley lying between the great +mountain ranges which make the framework of our country.</p> + +<p>The Mississippi with its tributaries drains the whole of the enormous +tract of land lying between these three main mountain ranges.</p> + +<p>This great river forms the highway for the interior of our country, and +winds through the plain for about a thousand miles. Every year when the +heavy spring rains fall, and the snows melt in the north, the river +overflows its bed, and floods the lowlands around it.</p> + +<p>To keep the river within its bounds, mounds of earth, called levees, have +been built for hundreds of miles along the banks. The Mississippi floods +are only dangerous when the thaws are very sudden, or the rains so heavy +that the river swells in size to such an extent that the levees are broken +down, and the water, bursting its bounds, rushes with an angry flood over +the surrounding country, destroying everything in its path.</p> + +<p>As a usual thing the spring floods are beneficial to the country, for the +Mississippi is a very muddy river, <a name="Page_644" id="Page_644"></a>and when it overflows it spreads this +mud over the country, in much the same fashion that the Nile does, and +with the same result of fertilizing and enriching the soil.</p> + +<p>All swift waters wash away some portion of their bed in their flow, and +carry it along with them in their journey to the sea.</p> + +<p>The Mississippi in its thousand-mile course carries a vast amount of this +stolen earth, so much indeed that every year it deposits in the Gulf of +Mexico an amount of mud which would make a pile one mile square and 268 +feet high.</p> + +<div class="figleft"><a href="./images/20.jpg"><img src="./images/20-tb.jpg" alt="Map of North America" title="Map of North America" /></a></div> + + +<p>This enormous yearly deposit is literally filling up the Gulf, and in the +ages to come dry land and a new country will be found where the waters of +the Gulf now lie.</p> + +<p>Every year the Mississippi brings down enough earth with it to help it +move its mouth 338 feet farther out into the sea, and every year it builds +on to its delta, which now contains thousands of square miles!</p> + +<p>You can understand that the angry flood of such a powerful river as this +must be a very serious matter. For a distance of nearly twenty miles in +Arkansas, levees <a name="Page_645" id="Page_645"></a>have given way, and thousands of acres of land have been +flooded; the waters sweeping away the homes, drowning the cattle, and +compelling the people to seek the points above the angry waters, and wait +in the hope of relief-boats coming to save them.</p> + +<p>In other parts of the country through which the river flows, special +trains loaded with sacks are being run to points near the river banks. The +sacks are filled with earth, and thrown upon the levees to strengthen +them. The men of that country are working night and day to shore up the +levees until the floods subside.</p> + +<p>This is the worst flood that has been known for many years, and people +along the banks of the Mississippi have been ruined through the damage +done by the waters.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>March 22d was celebrated throughout Germany as a national holiday, for it +was on this day one hundred years ago that Emperor William I. was born.</p> + +<p>The old Emperor was the man who, with the help of Bismarck, united all the +various States and Principalities of Germany under one rule, and raised +Germany from the dust into which Napoleon had thrown her, to the glorious +position she holds to-day.</p> + +<p>The day was celebrated in Berlin by the unveiling of a magnificent +monument to the old Emperor.</p> + +<p>The statue of William I. shows him seated on horseback, with winged +figures representing Victory standing on the pedestal beneath him, and the +Goddess of Peace holding the bridle of his horse.</p> + +<p><a name="Page_646" id="Page_646"></a>On the base of the pedestal is carved:</p> + + + +<div class='center'> +<table border=".1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="William the Great, Epitaph, front"> +<tr><td align='center'>WILLIAM THE GREAT,<br /><br /> +German Emperor—King of Prussia,<br /><br /> +1861-1888.</td></tr> +</table></div> + + +<p>And on the back:</p> + + + +<div class='center'> +<table border=".1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="William the Grea, Epitaph, back"> +<tr><td align='center'>With gratitude and faithful love,<br /><br /> +The German People.</td></tr> +</table></div> + + +<p>The Emperor unveiled the monument in the presence of a great number of +German Princes and nobles, all of whom laid wreaths at the foot of the +monument.</p> + +<p>In consequence of the recent troubles over his "revelations," Prince +Bismarck was not invited to take part in the ceremonies. Many people +thought the young Emperor should have invited him in spite of everything; +but the people of Germany did not forget the man who had done so much for +them, and throughout the entire day telegrams and messages were showered +upon the old Iron Chancellor, by those who appreciated all he had done for +their country.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>The New York Zoological Society has been presented with a tract of land +containing 261 acres, for the making of a Zoological Garden, which it is +intended shall be the finest in the world. The land presented to the +Society is in Bronx Park.</p> + +<p>The Zoo is to be finished within three years, and to be free to the public +at least four days of the week, <a name="Page_647" id="Page_647"></a>including Sundays and all half holidays; +it is to be open not less than seven hours every day.</p> + +<p>Work is to be begun this spring, and the Vice-President of the Society +promises to have a part of the garden ready to open to the public next +spring.</p> + +<p>The Society agrees to prepare the park grounds, and erect such buildings +as are necessary to house the animals, and the City agrees to take care of +the animals and grounds after they are ready.</p> + +<p>This great work is being done by some public-spirited citizens, and when +we get our Zoo we shall have to thank these good people for it.</p> + +<p>The Botanical Garden, which is in course of preparation, will also be in +Bronx Park, and many of the same people who are working to get a +Zoological Garden for us have also helped to provide New York with its +Botanical Garden.</p> + +<p>One lady, Mrs. Esther Hermann, gave ten thousand dollars for the Botanical +Garden—which, according to the latest report, will be opened this summer.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">G</span><span class='smcap'>enie H. Rosenfeld.</span><br /> +<a name="Page_648" id="Page_648"></a></p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>ROUGHING IT IN A GOLD MINE.</h2> + + +<p><span class='smcap'>Dear Editor:</span></p> + +<p>I am not a subscriber to your interesting little paper, <span class='smcap'>The Great +Round World,</span> but my teacher Miss Margaret Gannon subscribed for this +paper and she reads it to us, that is, to the class, when it comes. I was +very much interested in the letter "Little Friend" wrote to you. She must +be a very kind-hearted little girl. It may be interesting to some of your +readers to hear how I went to a gold mine and got out some gold. As I was +going to "rough it" I only took my rifle, mackintosh, and boots, and a +small valise with my other necessary articles. I got on the train, and it +took two hours for me to get to the little station at Cedar Falls, N.C. +The mine was two miles from the village. I reached there at five o'clock. +The little shanty where we lived while we were there was about twelve feet +long by eight feet wide.</p> + +<p>The bunks were folded up during the day and unfolded at night.</p> + +<p>After hanging up my gun and putting my valise in the corner, I went to the +shaft or hole from which the gold ore is taken. After the two men went +down the shaft, the men at the top hauled up the bucket, and they put in +the tools, which were eight sharp drills, an eight-pound sledge-hammer, +and a scraper about three feet long. I got in among the tools, and down I +went. It was warm above, but on the way down the shaft, which was thirty +feet deep, it became cooler and damper. I stood on one side with a small +pick to cut out nuggets, while the men drilled a hole <a name="Page_649" id="Page_649"></a>about two inches in +diameter and one foot deep, which they afterward filled with dynamite. +After sending the tools up, the other man and I went up, while the man we +left in the shaft lit the fuse. We all pulled at the windlass, and he was +soon at the top. After taking off the bucket we ran up the hill about a +hundred yards to watch the result.</p> + +<p>With an awful explosion and a tremendous shower of rocks the dynamite blew +a big hole in the side of the shaft. After driving out the smoke by +dropping large cedar bushes in the shaft, we went down again.</p> + +<p>We filled the bucket with rocks, which were drawn up. We soon emptied the +shaft in this way. Then we went to the top and assorted the ore. I filled +a large box with the richest rocks I could find, and they were shipped the +next day.</p> + +<p>Besides blasting for the ore, I panned a little, that is, I had a shallow +pan with a little of the dust from the shaft and some water. I washed the +dust until I had very little dust left; then I took a quill toothpick and +picked the small nuggets from the pan and put them into a small gold vial +full of water.</p> + +<p>After staying at the mine four days, I went home, having had a fine time +"roughing it" in a gold mine.</p> + +<p>Please send me full particulars of the "Who? When? What? Chart" as soon as +you possibly can, and also tell me whether you will send me one of those +books which you want criticised. I am eleven years old. I like to read +very much—history, travel, and adventure being my favorites. The books I +like specially are Oliver Optic's works for travels, and G.A. Henty's +works for historical facts and thrilling adventures. I like other books +also.<a name="Page_650" id="Page_650"></a></p> + +<p>Hoping that I do not inconvenience you, I am respectfully,</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 22.5em;">J</span><span class='smcap'>ules W.L., Jr.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">G</span><span class='smcap'>reensboro, N.C.</span>, March 25, 1897.<br /> +</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>EXHIBITION OF CHILDREN'S WORK.</h2> + + +<p>There has been a very interesting exhibition, in New York, of sewing done +by the children in the public schools.</p> + +<p>France, England, Germany, Switzerland, Russia, China, and Japan have all +sent exhibits of their work, and so it has been possible to see what kind +of sewing is being done all over the world.</p> + +<p>It is very much to the credit of America that the home work far outshines +that of any of the foreign countries.</p> + +<p>This exhibition was not one of fancy work or embroideries, though every +country sent some specimens of the special work for which it is +celebrated. The work shown was plain sewing, the cutting and making of new +garments, and the mending of old ones.</p> + +<p>The first principles of sewing were shown on neat little squares of +cloth—running, hemming, stitching, gathering, and buttonhole-making. Then +there were garments in which all these first steps were applied.</p> + +<p>While every country has sent specimens of clothing made by its children, +and each exhibits its own system of teaching sewing, none of these systems +seem so complete nor the finished garments so perfect as those of our own +country.</p> + +<p>In foreign countries no particular attention seems <a name="Page_651" id="Page_651"></a>to be paid to the +cutting, shaping, and ornamenting of garments. The little underclothes +from Switzerland and Germany, especially, were made of such coarse cloth, +of such a hideous pattern, and so utterly without ornament, that it is not +pleasant to think there are really people in the world contented to wear +such unsightly clothes.</p> + +<p>In the American exhibit, every garment, for rich child or poor child, had +its little frill of lace, or its row of feather-stitching, which gave it a +finish that was very pretty.</p> + +<p>The daintiest set of garments came from the Industrial School for Colored +and Indian Children, in Hampton, Va.</p> + +<p>The most complete exhibit, which included plain sewing, dress-making, +hat-trimming, and fancy work of all kinds, was sent by the Pratt +Institute, in Brooklyn. The useful sewing from that school was above the +standard of excellence, and the art work fully equal to that of the New +York School of Applied Design.</p> + +<p>A very interesting part of the exhibit of every American school was the +darning and patching. We hear a good deal about people not learning to sew +properly nowadays, since the sewing-machine has come into such common use, +but the patches and darns shown by the twelve-year-old pupils of our +public schools would put the far-famed patching of our grandmothers to +shame.</p> + +<p>There were square patches, with the patterns matched so exquisitely that +you had to feel the edge before you could realize that the patch was +there; three-cornered "jags" darned so perfectly with their <a name="Page_652" id="Page_652"></a>own threads +that they were invisible, and every kind of rent and tear and hole was +treated in its own particular way.</p> + +<p>The Japanese sent a number of beautiful designs for embroidery, and a case +full of queer little Japanese garments, but unfortunately they, too, were +made of coarse materials, and looked ugly and uninteresting.</p> + +<p>Russia sent Russian lace, and a number of photographs of school children +learning to sew. They also sent some lovely Russian embroidery, but no +plain sewing.</p> + +<p>Mexico had a case full of wonderful drawn work; France some wonderful +designs for dresses, and some beautifully finished dress-waists, but the +little under-garments were as coarse as those of Switzerland. This was a +disappointment, because we always suppose that France sets the fashion for +daintiness.</p> + +<p>Two very interesting pieces of work had been loaned for the occasion: one, +a sofa cushion worked by Martha Washington; and the other a map of England +and Wales, done in Berlin wools by George Washington's aunt.</p> + +<p>The map was beautifully worked, and was a marvel of neatness, with the +counties all outlined in different colors, and their names worked in with +very fine stitches.</p> + +<p>Of Martha Washington's handiwork it is hard to speak. It was the ugliest +sofa cushion you can imagine, worked in browns so that it should not show +the dirt, and with such irregular stitches that either Madam Washington +must have been losing her sight when she worked it, or else she was a very +poor needle-woman.<a name="Page_653" id="Page_653"></a></p> + +<p>The American exhibit had one wonderful case of work done by the blind. It +consisted of patches with specimens of sewing and running on them, a great +many very fairly done buttonholes, and several little dolls' aprons very +neatly hemmed, and gathered with fine, even gathers.</p> + +<p>It seemed impossible to believe that the hands that did this work had no +eyes to guide them. The buttonholes were so well made that they looked +like the work of some careful, clever young children.</p> + +<p>What a wonderful age we live in! Fancy bringing the art of teaching to +such perfection that the blind can be taught to sew! Our young folks ought +to be very thankful that they are growing up at a time when teachers +endeavor to make learning a pleasure as well as a profit. G.H.R.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>BOOK REVIEWS.</h2> + + +<p>We publish the following letter about the "Carved Cartoon":</p> + +<p>This book deserves every word of praise given to it by our correspondent. +It is one of the most delightful stories written. It treats of the +adventures of Grinling Gibson, the famous carver in wood, who carved +flowers so delicately that they could absolutely move on their stems. +<span class='smcap'>Editor.</span></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><i>To the Editor:</i> + +<p> <span class='smcap'>Dear Sir</span>.—Every year the cry for books increases. + "Tell us what to read," is the constantly repeated demand, and + parents, teachers, and publishers are often at a loss to keep + the active brains of our young people <a name="Page_654" id="Page_654"></a>supplied with sound, + wholesome, and interesting literature.</p> + +<p> Science, art, history, and zoology are presented to the little + ones in varied and attractive forms, and now <span class='smcap'>The Great Round + World</span> has come forward to fill a long-felt want by giving + the boys and girls clean, healthy, and concise accounts of what + is taking place in their own and other countries.</p> + +<p> It has always seemed strange to me that so few parents place in + their children's hands that beautiful story entitled the "Carved + Cartoon." It is a book of breathless interest, containing the + adventures of a young artist and a boy musician during the great + London plague and fire.</p> + +<p> The story is founded on fact, and the author's pen holds the + reader entranced as it vividly pictures the stirring scenes of + those thrilling years.</p> + +<p> The noble character and brilliant talents of the young hero + shine star-like through the surrounding darkness of greed, + avarice, and poverty.</p> + +<p> Trusting that no boy or girl will let an opportunity to read + this fascinating book slip by, I am very cordially your + interested reader,</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">E</span><span class='smcap'>leanor Maud C——.</span><br /> +<a name="Page_655" id="Page_655"></a></p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>LETTERS TO THE EDITOR</h2> + + +<div class="blockquot"><span class='smcap'>Dear Mr. Editor:</span> + +<p> Would you kindly tell me what books to read? I am eleven years + old, and the books I like best are Miss Alcott's "Little Men," + "Jack and Jill," "Eight Cousins," and "Under the Lilacs," and + Miss Sydney's "Five Little Peppers," and I like books of that + style. I remain,</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Your devoted reader,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 27.5em;">W</span><span class='smcap'>alter L.S.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>P.S.—I read "Jack and Jill" six times.</p> + +<p> <span class='smcap'>New York,</span> March 20, 1897.<br /><br /></p></div> + + +<p>"Beautiful Joe: the Autobiography of a Dog," by Marshall Saunders; "Black +Beauty," by Sewell; "The Wonder-Book" and "Tanglewood Tales," by +Hawthorne; "Greek Heroes and Greek Fairy Tales," by Kingsley; +"Jackanapes," by Mrs. Ewing; "Ten Boys Who Lived on the Road from Long +Ago," by Jane Andrews.</p> + +<p>This list has been made for you by two very nice little girls named Clare +and Eleanor. They have read and liked all the books in the list.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">E</span><span class='smcap'>ditor.</span><br /> +<br /><br /></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><span class='smcap'>Dear Editor:</span> + +<p> I like <span class='smcap'>The Great Round World</span> very much, and have just + finished reading it. I would like to ask a few questions.</p> + +<p> Do you think that Cuba will ever be free?</p> + +<p> Do you think that the United States will help Cuba?</p> + +<p> I was very much interested reading about the Inauguration.</p> + +<p> I was very sorry about Dr. Ricardo Ruiz being killed in Cuba.</p> + +<p> I was very much interested in the article about wheels.</p> + +<p> I must now stop, and success to your paper.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 15.5em;">Your affectionate reader,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24.5em;">T</span><span class='smcap'>om M.A.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">March 20, 1897.</span><br /> +<a name="Page_656" id="Page_656"></a><br /><br /></p> + +<p><span class='smcap'>My Dear Tom:</span></p> + +<p>Thank you for your nice letter. In answer to your questions: We do think +that Cuba will be free, and that she will gain her freedom before very +long. We do not think that this country will help Cuba. It hardly seems +necessary now that we should help; the Spaniards are losing ground every +day, and it will probably be best for the United States to wait until the +brave little island has fought her last battle, and then let Uncle Sam +come forward and help Cuba to re-establish her commerce.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">T</span><span class='smcap'>he Editor.</span><br /> +<br /><br /></p> + +<div class="blockquot"><span class='smcap'>Dear Editor:</span> + +<p> I enjoy <span class='smcap'>The Great Round World</span> very much indeed, and + wish the dreadful war with Cuba would stop; but I do not want + the Cubans to give up; it is just like the Revolutionary War + with us; we did not give up, and I hope Cuba won't.</p> + +<p> I have a little black and tan dog, and call him Jack. He is very + cunning indeed, he has a hard rubber ball he plays with. There + also is another black and tan dog in the house whose name is + Gipsy; she, also, is very cunning.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 12em;">I remain your affectionate reader,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 23em;">H</span><span class='smcap'>elen A.S.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">N</span><span class='smcap'>ew York, March 20, 1897.</span><br /> +<br /><br /></p> + +<p>Many thanks, dear Helen, for your letter. We are quite of your opinion, +and hope most sincerely that Cuba will not give up until she has won her +freedom.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">E</span><span class='smcap'>ditor.</span><br /> +</p> + +<p><a name="Page_657" id="Page_657"></a></p> + +<hr style='width: 65%;' /> +<h2>THE GREAT ROUND WORLD</h2> + +<h2>NATURAL HISTORY</h2> + +<h2>STORIES.</h2> + +<h3>A Series of True Stories</h3> + +<h4>BY</h4> + +<h3>JULIA TRUITT BISHOP.</h3> + +<h4>Attractively Illustrated by Barnes.</h4> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>SAMPLE SENT ON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS</h3> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>Author's Preface.</h3> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>The stories published in this little volume have been issued +from time to time in the Philadelphia <i>Times</i>, and it is at the +request of many readers that they now greet the world in more +enduring form. They have been written as occasion suggested, +during several years; and they commemorate to me many of the +friends I have known and loved in the animal world. "Shep" and +"Dr. Jim," "Abdallah" and "Brownie," "Little Dryad" and + +"Peek-a-Boo." I have been fast friends with every one, and have +watched them with such loving interest that I knew all their +ways and could almost read their thoughts. I send them on to +other lovers of dumb animals, hoping that the stories of these +friends of mine will carry pleasure to young and old.</p></div> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<div class='center'> +<b>WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON,</b><br /> +<b>3 & 5 West 18th Street.</b> +</div> + +<p><a name="Page_658" id="Page_658"></a></p> +<hr style='width: 65%;' /> +<p class="figcenter"><img src="./images/bookcover.jpg" alt="Do you Cover your Books?" title="Do you Cover your Books?" /></p> + + +<div> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">THE "ONE PIECE"</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">ADJUSTABLE BOOK COVERS</span><br /> +</div> + +<p>are made of the strongest and best book-cover paper obtainable. This paper +is made in large quantities especially for these book covers and will +protect books perfectly. The book covers themselves are a marvel of +ingenuity, and, although they are in one piece and can be adjusted to fit +perfectly any sized book without cutting the paper, they are also so +simple that any boy or girl can use them; as they are already gummed they +are always ready for use.</p> + +<p>A sample dozen will be mailed to any address for 20 cents (or ten two-cent +stamps) if you write</p> + +<p class='center'> +<b>WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON</b><br /> +<b>3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City</b> +</p> + + +<p><a name="Page_659" id="Page_659"></a></p> +<hr style='width: 65%;' /> +<h3>A Good Agent</h3> +<h3>Wanted</h3> +<h3>In Every Town</h3> +<h3>for</h3> +<h3>"The Great Round World"</h3> + +<hr style='width: 65%;' /> +<p><a name="Page_660" id="Page_660"></a></p> +<p class="figcenter"><img src="./images/favbicycle.jpg" alt="Do you Cover your Books?" title="Do you Cover your Books?" /></p> + +<p class='center'>You have your choice of any wheel in the market if you send us one hundred +regular subscriptions to the</p> + +<h2>"Great Round World"</h2> + +<p>Show the paper to your friends, and you will soon find one hundred people +who will be glad to subscribe. Send the subscriptions in to us as fast as +received, and when the one hundredth, reaches us you can go to ANY dealer +YOU choose, buy ANY wheel YOU choose, and we will pay the bill.</p> + +<p>Six-months' subscriptions will be counted as one-half, three-months' as +one-quarter.</p> +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> +<div class='center'><span class="u"><i>SAMPLE COPIES WILL BE FURNISHED AT HALF PRICE. (SEE OTHER OFFERS)</i></span></div> + +<div class='center'><br /><br /><br />Great Round World<br /> +3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City</div> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World And What Is +Going On In It, Vol. 1. 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No. 23, April 15, 1897, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Great Round World And What Is Going On In It, Vol. 1. No. 23, April 15, 1897 + A Weekly Magazine for Boys and Girls + +Author: Various + +Editor: Julia Truitt Bishop + + +Release Date: March 24, 2005 [EBook #15457] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD *** + + + + +Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Emmy and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team. (www.pgdp.net) + + + + + + + +_FIVE CENTS._ + +THE GREAT ROUND WORLD + +AND WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT + + SUBSCRIPTION PRICE. APRIL 15, 1897 Vol. 1. NO. 23 + $2.50 PER YEAR + [Entered at Post Office, New York City, as second-class matter] + +[Illustration] + + A WEEKLY NEWSPAPER FOR BOYS AND GIRLS + + WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON. PUBLISHER + + NO. 3 AND 5 WEST 18TH ST. NEW YORK CITY + +=Copyright, 1897, by WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON.= + + * * * * * + +_We hope that_ ... + +=TEACHERS= + +will avail themselves of the special trial subscription rate of =$1 a +year= before the time expires. + + * * * * * + +GREAT ROUND WORLD, + +3 and 5 West 18th Street, . . . . . . New York City. + + * * * * * + +A great deal is expected of the teachers in our public schools at the +present day in the way of keeping the pupils conversant with the political +and scientific questions of the day. While this is as it should be, we +believe that if parents would look well to the quality of reading-matter +placed before their children better results would be obtained from the +teachers' efforts in this line. THE GREAT ROUND WORLD, AND WHAT IS +GOING ON IN IT, is the name of a newspaper for children, and without +exception it is the finest one of its kind ever published. It comes in +magazine form, and is overflowing with interesting subjects written in +such a bright and yet simple manner that the whole household unwittingly +becomes interested in it.--_Omer, Mich., Progress, Jan. 8, 1897._ + + * * * * * + +=THE . FIRST . BOUND . VOLUME= + +OF + +="The Great Round World"= + +(Containing Nos. 1 to 15) + +IS NOW READY. + + Handsomely bound in strong cloth, with title on side and back. + Price, postage paid, $1.25. Subscribers may exchange their + numbers by sending them to us (express paid) with 35 cents to + cover cost of binding, and 10 cents for return carriage. Address + +=_3 sad 5 West 18th Street,- - - -New York City._= + + * * * * * + +TWO EASY WAYS + +TO GET + +"The Great Round World." + + * * * * * + +=SEND IN YOUR SCHOOL-BOOKS--THE ONES YOU ARE NO LONGER USING.= A +great many boys and girls cannot buy new books, and are very glad to get +the used copies at a lower price. A list of prices that will be allowed is +given in Number 4 of GREAT ROUND WORLD. + +=GET TWO OTHER SUBSCRIBERS.= We will send free, for one year, +THE GREAT ROUND WORLD to any boy or girl who will send in two +other subscriptions, with the amount ($5.00). + +=Subscription Price, per Year, $2.50.= + + * * * * * + + AS A + =SPECIAL INDUCEMENT= + + for our subscribers to interest others in "The Great Round + World," we will give to each subscriber who sends us $2.50 to + pay for a year's subscription to a new name, a copy of + + =Rand, McNally & Co.= + =1897 Atlas of the World.= + + =160 pages of colored maps from new plates, size 11 1/2 x 14 + inches, printed on special paper with marginal index, and well + worth its regular price - - - - $2.50.= + + +Every one has some sort of an atlas, doubtless, but an old atlas is no +better than an old directory; countries do not move away, as do people, +but they do change and our knowledge of them increases, and this atlas, +made in 1897 from =new= plates, is perfect and up to date and covers every +point on + + =The Great Round World.= + +Those not subscribers should secure the subscription of a friend and remit +$5 to cover it and their own. A copy of the atlas will be sent to either +address. + + * * * * * + +GREAT ROUND WORLD, + +_3 and 5 West 18th Street, . . . . . . . .New York City._ + + + +[Illustration: THE GREAT ROUND +WORLD +And WHAT IS GOING ON IN IT.] + + VOL. 1 APRIL 15, 1897. NO. 23 + + +It is said that the unfortunate Princess Charlotte of Belgium is to be +taken over to Mexico, in the hope that a visit to the scenes of her former +happiness may restore her reason. + +Her story brings back to memory a very sad and interesting page of our +modern history. + +Princess Charlotte, the daughter of Leopold I., King of the Belgians, was +the most accomplished and beautiful princess of her time. She was the only +daughter of the king. While she was still quite young he found she had a +great talent for statecraft, and so he had her admitted to all the +councils of state, and from her earliest childhood she was familiar with +the ways and arts of diplomacy. + +A brilliant future was expected for her, but when she was seventeen she +married, for love, the young Archduke Maximilian, brother of the Emperor +of Austria. + +There was no expectation that Maximilian would ever come to a throne, and +so it seemed as if the young princess' talents were to be thrown away when +she settled down with her husband, and became the happiest young wife in +Europe. + +For seven years these two young folks were a model happy couple; then, one +fatal day, Napoleon III. of France offered Maximilian the crown of Mexico. + +Europe thought that Mexico needed a wise and clever ruler to straighten +out the tangle into which its affairs had fallen, and it was supposed that +Maximilian, backed by his beautiful and clever wife, would be just the man +for the post. As Mexican affairs were in a very turbulent state, Napoleon +promised Maximilian that he would keep a number of French troops in the +country, and support him with an armed force, until the people of Mexico +had learned to love and trust him, and he could rule them without danger. + +Under these conditions Maximilian accepted, and the young couple became +Emperor and Empress of Mexico, and, setting forth to their new land, bade +farewell to Europe and happiness. + +At that time Mexico was in the most terrible condition, as you will +understand when you learn that within a period of forty-seven years there +were three hundred revolutions, some successful, some the reverse. During +this time the government was changed ten times, and over fifty persons +succeeded each other as presidents, dictators, and emperors. + +The throne of such an uneasy kingdom as this was by no means a pleasant +one to occupy. + +During these frequent revolutions it is easy to understand that many +treaties were broken, and much property was seized. + +The foreign residents in particular found Mexico a dangerous country to +live in, and within a few years Spain, England, and France were making +heavy claims against the country for damage done to their citizens. + +The claims of England and Spain were satisfied, and they withdrew the +troops they had sent to Mexico to enforce their demands. + +France, however, could get no satisfaction, and so she remained, and +carried on war against the Mexicans until she succeeded in getting a +little the best of them. + +It was at this moment that Louis Napoleon made up his mind that an Emperor +was what Mexico needed, and sent out the unfortunate Archduke Maximilian +to rule a wild, boisterous, and only half-conquered people. + +The Mexicans, ever pleased with a change, welcomed the Emperor very +kindly; the beauty and charity of the Empress made many friends for her, +and for a time all went well. + +With the aid of the French troops, Maximilian completed the conquest of +the rebellious Mexicans, and was at the height of his popularity, when, in +an evil moment, he made a proclamation that all the rebels who had fought +against the government should be regarded as bandits, and punished as +such. + +The people were furious at this. These bandits were many of them of their +own families and friends, and revolutions were so common in the country, +that they could not see why these men should be hanged and shot by a +foreign prince, whom they had never invited to come and govern them. + +From that moment they began to conspire against him, and his position was +becoming very unsafe, when Napoleon ordered his French soldiers to return +from Mexico. + +Maximilian would not allow this; he reminded Napoleon that he had only +accepted the throne on the condition that the French soldiers were left to +protect him; but Napoleon III. paid no attention to his protest, nor to +the assurance that he would not be safe if the French soldiers were +withdrawn. + +The orders to return to France were repeated. + +Both Maximilian and Charlotte were fearful of the result of this rash act; +and as the Empress had been very successful in managing several difficult +affairs in the government of Mexico, it was thought best that she should +go to Napoleon and explain things to him, and get the order for the +soldiers to remain in Mexico. + +She started on her long voyage, hopeful of success; but when she reached +France, Napoleon managed to avoid seeing her for months, and when at last +she was admitted to his presence, she found him cold, hard, and determined +to follow out his own plans. + +The French soldiers should leave Mexico at all cost. + +The poor young Empress had lived long enough in Mexico to fear the worst +for her husband if he were left to the tender mercies of the Mexicans. +Heartbroken at Napoleon's refusal, she determined to seek the Pope, and +see if he would not help her. + +The Pope received her with the greatest kindness, but soon convinced her +that, no matter how good his will, he had no power to aid her. + +When Charlotte realized this, and that her long journey had been of no +use, and that she had only separated herself from her beloved husband in +his hour of need, her mind gave way, and she became insane. + +Poor Maximilian, waiting anxiously for news of her success, received word +that his troubles had driven his wife insane, and from that moment he +cared little what became of him or of Mexico. + +A few months after Napoleon had so treacherously withdrawn his troops, the +people once more rose against their ruler. + +The Emperor led his army of loyal Mexicans against the rebels, but after a +few weeks was defeated, taken prisoner, and condemned to be shot. + +So ended the career of these two unfortunate young people. + +It is thought that the Empress to this hour does not know the fate that +befell her husband. + +The whole sad tragedy happened thirty years ago, and in all that time she +has never had a glimmering of reason. She is gentle, kindly, and +interested in the simple country life of the estate on which she lives. +Her madness has never taken a violent form, and it is said that she lives +in constant expectation of her husband's return. + +Of late her mind has become slightly clearer, and her doctors have decided +that it is possible that her reason may be restored if she once more +visits Mexico. + +This decision seems hardly a kindly one. If it be true that the poor +Empress, who is now a woman of fifty-seven, does not know the full force +of the sorrows that fell upon her, it would seem kinder to leave her in +ignorance of them, than to restore her reason, and allow her to suffer for +griefs that are now thirty years old. + + * * * * * + +Europe has again been shocked by the news of Christian Powers firing on +the Greeks, and endeavoring to prevent them from freeing themselves from +the rule of the hated heathen Turk. + +The feeling in England is very strong on this point. So much so that the +old statesman, Mr. Gladstone, who is to England what Bismarck has been to +Germany, has published a very fine letter on the subject. + +In the strongest kind of language, Mr. Gladstone calls the Powers to +account for the action they are taking. He declares that they are +listening to the advice of two ambitious young rulers, the Emperor of +Germany and the Czar of Russia, and allowing themselves to be guided by +the desires of these young men, instead of listening to the voice of the +people, which is decidedly against their actions. + +He speaks in no friendly terms of Turkey, her massacres and her misrule, +and says that Greece has done a great service for the world in helping +Crete to throw off the yoke of such a sovereign as the Sultan. + +He hopes that the people of Europe may be allowed to say what they think +in the matter, and feels confident that Greece will then no longer be +interfered with. He thinks the only true way to settle the difficulty, is +to let the Cretans have their own government under the rule of Greece, and +pay tribute to Turkey. + +Every one is wondering whether these bold words of Mr. Gladstone will have +an effect on the situation. + +The so-called Concert of the Powers does not seem to exist any longer. The +six powers are divided among themselves. Great Britain and Italy hold +together in not wanting harsh measures used with Greece; Germany and +Russia think force ought to be used, and France and Austria are +undecided. + +Some of the foreign papers are saying that it is quite impossible for the +Powers ever to come to an understanding. + +Some people are thinking that Mr. Gladstone's letter has already had an +effect, for a private telegram from Paris states that the Sultan of Turkey +has sent word to the Powers that he is willing to let King George of +Greece occupy the island of Crete, and govern it, provided that he pays +tribute for it. + +This is so exactly Mr. Gladstone's suggestion, that, if the report is +true, the Sultan would seem to have been influenced by him. + +Mr. Gladstone in his letter showed clearly how such an arrangement would +be of benefit to all concerned, and spoke of the island of Cyprus as an +example. Cyprus was once under the rule of Turkey, but is now governed by +the Queen of England, and pays a tribute to Turkey. + +It is to be hoped that this telegram is true, but we must remember that it +is only _news_, and not _history_, and therefore we must be quite prepared +to have it contradicted next week. + +The blockade of Crete is now complete. No ships are allowed to enter the +ports that bring supplies to the Cretans or Greeks. + +But the Greeks are not submitting tamely to the blockade. + +There are two forts that guard the entrance to Canea, and both of them are +being vigorously besieged by the insurgents, with the intention of +establishing a blockade of Canea on the landward side, and so keeping the +troops of the Powers enclosed where they can do little harm. + +A late despatch from Crete says that the Cretans have forced the Turks to +flee from Malaxa, and have killed the garrison. + +During the fight over Malaxa, the Turkish warships in the Bay of Suda +opened fire on the Cretans, with the hope of dislodging them from the +heights around Malaxa. The Powers have had the grace to be very much +disturbed at this, and have sent word to the admirals in command of the +fleets at Crete, that they may use their own best judgment about ordering +the Turkish warships to leave Crete. + +[Illustration: The Turkish Bastion in Canea with the flags of the six +Powers flying.] + +The admirals decided that the forts of Malaxa and Keratide must be kept +out of the hands of the Cretans, and so they sent word to the insurgents +that the Powers forbade them to attack either fort. + +The Cretans did not take the slightest notice of this order, but +continued the attack, and drove the Turks out. The allied warships in the +Bay of Suda at once opened fire on the Cretans, who withstood the fire +bravely. + +The result of the whole matter has been that, though the insurgents gained +a decided victory over the Turks, the foreign Powers have stepped in +between them and their prize, and are occupying the town of Malaxa. + +The Cretans must heartily wish that the Powers would go away and mind +their own business, and leave them to settle their own affairs. + +If it were not so sad and so serious, it would be amusing to watch the +double game that Turkey is playing with the Powers, and how she is +laughing in her sleeve at the whole of Europe. + +After months of conferences, and diplomatic fussing over plans of mighty +reforms which the Sultan was to make for the unfortunate Armenians, the +"unspeakable Turk" has not made one single effort to improve the condition +of these unhappy people. He has waited until the Powers of Europe have so +tangled themselves up over him, that he finds them befriending him, and +firing on brother Christians for his sweet sake, while he is still at +liberty to have a few more Armenians massacred without the fear of any +consequences. + +News has just come that there has been another slaughter of Armenians, +seven hundred of these unfortunate people having fallen victims to the +Turks. If the Powers have any conscience left, this news must have made +them thoroughly ashamed of their ridiculous position. + + * * * * * + +The week's news from Cuba is still of the same hopeful character for the +Cubans. + +It is stated on the best authority that the Cubans are in absolute +possession of the eastern end of the island, the whole province of +Santiago de Cuba being in the hands of the insurgents. + +[Illustration: Gen. Maximo Gomez] + +It is stated that this province is really _Cuba Libre_, or "Free Cuba." +The government is being carried on there, and the peasants are able to sow +their fields and gather their crops in peace and safety. + +The Cubans assert that if we would only recognize that they were engaged +in a real war, and give them the right to fit out a navy for themselves, +the war would be over in a very short time. They have now no fear but that +they will gain their liberty; they say, however, that with the Spanish +navy guarding the coast, and preventing the landing of help and supplies, +the war will last a good deal longer than it ought. + +The Spaniards are very uneasy, and Havana is greatly alarmed over the last +expedition of General Weyler. The Spanish general has determined to force +a battle on General Gomez, and to make one great effort to subdue him. + +It is reported that General Gomez is in Santa Clara, and Weyler has gone +thither with all the troops he can mass together to meet him. + +[Illustration: The Filibuster Bermuda near the Cuban coast] + +All Cuba has, however, learned by this time that the whereabouts of Gomez +and his army are never to be relied on. The Spaniards go out to fight them +in a certain place, and when they reach the spot where they expect the +enemy to be, they find that the Cubans have made a forced march and +escaped them, and are making war in quite a fresh section of the country. +The Cubans have accomplished some of the most wonderful marches in the +history of war, and have won many of their advantages by stealing past the +enemy that was advancing to fight them, and capturing towns and stores +left unprotected in the enemy's rear. + +It is therefore not to be wondered at that there is a report in Havana +that Gomez has slipped past Weyler, and is advancing upon the city to +capture it. + +If Gomez feels himself strong enough to fight a real battle with Weyler, +it may perhaps be the decisive battle of the war. + +All the Cuban generals have had good luck lately, but the most successful +and brilliant work has been done by General Calixto Garcia in Santiago. + +Lest you should feel confused when hearing of so many generals, and so +many provinces, it is perhaps as well to explain something about the +formation of the island of Cuba. + +It is a narrow, mountainous strip of land, 760 miles long and in some +parts only 28 miles wide, the very broadest part being 127 miles.[A] + +You can readily see that no one general could control the whole of such a +country. + +The Cuban army has been divided into three parts: + +The Eastern Division, under General Calixto Garcia, which is fighting in +and has brought peace to Santiago de Cuba, the most eastern part of the +island. + +The Central Division, under the leadership of General Maximo Gomez, +against which Weyler has set out, and which is supposed to be in Santa +Clara. + +The Western division, consisting of the bands that have been raiding the +suburbs of Havana, and making so much trouble in Pinar del Rio, the most +westerly province of the island. + +The brilliant feat that General Garcia has accomplished is that he has +made a force of nearly three thousand Spanish soldiers come out to meet +him, and after pretending to fall back before them until he had lured them +to a certain place, he has turned upon them, and chased them into the +mountains, until he has finally forced them into the Algones Valley. + +In this valley they are completely cut off from their friends, and he has +them at his mercy. News is hourly expected that the entire Spanish force +has either surrendered or been killed. + +If this is true, it will be a very severe blow to Spain. + +Reliable news has come that another part of Gomez's force has captured the +town of Holguin, an important town in Santiago de Cuba, and one of the few +strong-holds the Spanish still held in that province. It is said that +quantities of stores and ammunition fell into the Cubans' hands. + +A telegram from Havana says that Fondeviella, now a lieutenant-colonel, +has been made Chief of Police in Havana. The Spaniards must certainly +approve of this horrible man's conduct, and Havana is likely to feel still +more uneasy with such a person in power. A later telegram reports the +capture of General Ruis Rivera, who was in command of the Western +Division. If this is true it will be a sad check to the Cuban successes. + +[Footnote A: A very good map of Cuba may be purchased on news-stands for +10 cents.] + + * * * * * + +Reports have come that the dynamite-gun, of which the Cubans were so +proud, has proved a failure. + +The various nations, all over the world, are watching the trial of this +gun with the greatest interest. It can be so easily handled, can be +carried by ten men, and put together and made ready for firing two minutes +after it is unloaded, that other nations are anxious to see if it is +really the valuable weapon it is claimed to be. + +Besides the advantages of being light and easy to handle, it can be fired +without noise or smoke, and therefore its whereabouts are not easily +discovered by an enemy; and moreover, if it has to be abandoned in a +retreat, it can be disabled with one sharp blow of a stone, so that it can +never be turned on its fleeing owners by a victorious enemy. + +If the report about it is true, it has one fault, that is so serious that +it outweighs all the virtues. This fault is that the dynamite-gun has a +habit of going off at both ends; that is to say, it is liable to explode +both at the breech and the muzzle. It may therefore be quite as +destructive to the army firing it, as to the enemy at which it is fired. + +Of course this will render the gun very unpopular, if it is true; but +people who understand the weapon declare that the fault lies, not in the +gun, but with the climate of the West Indies. + +The three tubes of this gun (which we described fully in Number 6 of +THE GREAT ROUND WORLD) are fastened together at the breech with a +clasp which holds the whole mechanism of the gun in place. + +The climate of the West Indies is so moist that metal rusts in an +amazingly short space of time, and it is difficult to keep anything bright +and polished. + +It is supposed by those who understand the gun that, having been +constantly exposed to the moist air, it has rusted, and that the important +clasp has become so rusty that it can no longer be pushed fully home, and +so the gun is not secure. + +In their opinion the failure of the dynamite-gun has not been proved; it +may be necessary to make some alterations to fit it for service in swampy +countries, but that as a weapon it is still a success. + + * * * * * + +Terrible floods are reported from the Mississippi Valley. A section of the +country equal in size to the whole State of Missouri is now under water, +and steamboats are hurrying over what were once farm lands, rescuing the +unfortunate families who have been caught by the floods. + +The Mississippi, the largest river on our continent, flows through what is +known as the Gulf Coast Plain. + +The Gulf Coast Plain is formed by the valley lying between the great +mountain ranges which make the framework of our country. + +The Mississippi with its tributaries drains the whole of the enormous +tract of land lying between these three main mountain ranges. + +This great river forms the highway for the interior of our country, and +winds through the plain for about a thousand miles. Every year when the +heavy spring rains fall, and the snows melt in the north, the river +overflows its bed, and floods the lowlands around it. + +To keep the river within its bounds, mounds of earth, called levees, have +been built for hundreds of miles along the banks. The Mississippi floods +are only dangerous when the thaws are very sudden, or the rains so heavy +that the river swells in size to such an extent that the levees are broken +down, and the water, bursting its bounds, rushes with an angry flood over +the surrounding country, destroying everything in its path. + +As a usual thing the spring floods are beneficial to the country, for the +Mississippi is a very muddy river, and when it overflows it spreads this +mud over the country, in much the same fashion that the Nile does, and +with the same result of fertilizing and enriching the soil. + +All swift waters wash away some portion of their bed in their flow, and +carry it along with them in their journey to the sea. + +The Mississippi in its thousand-mile course carries a vast amount of this +stolen earth, so much indeed that every year it deposits in the Gulf of +Mexico an amount of mud which would make a pile one mile square and 268 +feet high. + +[Illustration] + +This enormous yearly deposit is literally filling up the Gulf, and in the +ages to come dry land and a new country will be found where the waters of +the Gulf now lie. + +Every year the Mississippi brings down enough earth with it to help it +move its mouth 338 feet farther out into the sea, and every year it builds +on to its delta, which now contains thousands of square miles! + +You can understand that the angry flood of such a powerful river as this +must be a very serious matter. For a distance of nearly twenty miles in +Arkansas, levees have given way, and thousands of acres of land have been +flooded; the waters sweeping away the homes, drowning the cattle, and +compelling the people to seek the points above the angry waters, and wait +in the hope of relief-boats coming to save them. + +In other parts of the country through which the river flows, special +trains loaded with sacks are being run to points near the river banks. The +sacks are filled with earth, and thrown upon the levees to strengthen +them. The men of that country are working night and day to shore up the +levees until the floods subside. + +This is the worst flood that has been known for many years, and people +along the banks of the Mississippi have been ruined through the damage +done by the waters. + + * * * * * + +March 22d was celebrated throughout Germany as a national holiday, for it +was on this day one hundred years ago that Emperor William I. was born. + +The old Emperor was the man who, with the help of Bismarck, united all the +various States and Principalities of Germany under one rule, and raised +Germany from the dust into which Napoleon had thrown her, to the glorious +position she holds to-day. + +The day was celebrated in Berlin by the unveiling of a magnificent +monument to the old Emperor. + +The statue of William I. shows him seated on horseback, with winged +figures representing Victory standing on the pedestal beneath him, and the +Goddess of Peace holding the bridle of his horse. + +On the base of the pedestal is carved: + + . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + . WILLIAM THE GREAT, . + . . + . German Emperor--King of Prussia, . + . . + . 1861-1888. . + . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + +And on the back: + + . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + . With gratitude and faithful love, . + . . + . The German People. . + . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + +The Emperor unveiled the monument in the presence of a great number of +German Princes and nobles, all of whom laid wreaths at the foot of the +monument. + +In consequence of the recent troubles over his "revelations," Prince +Bismarck was not invited to take part in the ceremonies. Many people +thought the young Emperor should have invited him in spite of everything; +but the people of Germany did not forget the man who had done so much for +them, and throughout the entire day telegrams and messages were showered +upon the old Iron Chancellor, by those who appreciated all he had done for +their country. + + * * * * * + +The New York Zoological Society has been presented with a tract of land +containing 261 acres, for the making of a Zoological Garden, which it is +intended shall be the finest in the world. The land presented to the +Society is in Bronx Park. + +The Zoo is to be finished within three years, and to be free to the public +at least four days of the week, including Sundays and all half holidays; +it is to be open not less than seven hours every day. + +Work is to be begun this spring, and the Vice-President of the Society +promises to have a part of the garden ready to open to the public next +spring. + +The Society agrees to prepare the park grounds, and erect such buildings +as are necessary to house the animals, and the City agrees to take care of +the animals and grounds after they are ready. + +This great work is being done by some public-spirited citizens, and when +we get our Zoo we shall have to thank these good people for it. + +The Botanical Garden, which is in course of preparation, will also be in +Bronx Park, and many of the same people who are working to get a +Zoological Garden for us have also helped to provide New York with its +Botanical Garden. + +One lady, Mrs. Esther Hermann, gave ten thousand dollars for the Botanical +Garden--which, according to the latest report, will be opened this summer. + + GENIE H. ROSENFELD. + + + + +ROUGHING IT IN A GOLD MINE. + + +DEAR EDITOR: + +I am not a subscriber to your interesting little paper, THE GREAT +ROUND WORLD, but my teacher Miss Margaret Gannon subscribed for this +paper and she reads it to us, that is, to the class, when it comes. I was +very much interested in the letter "Little Friend" wrote to you. She must +be a very kind-hearted little girl. It may be interesting to some of your +readers to hear how I went to a gold mine and got out some gold. As I was +going to "rough it" I only took my rifle, mackintosh, and boots, and a +small valise with my other necessary articles. I got on the train, and it +took two hours for me to get to the little station at Cedar Falls, N.C. +The mine was two miles from the village. I reached there at five o'clock. +The little shanty where we lived while we were there was about twelve feet +long by eight feet wide. + +The bunks were folded up during the day and unfolded at night. + +After hanging up my gun and putting my valise in the corner, I went to the +shaft or hole from which the gold ore is taken. After the two men went +down the shaft, the men at the top hauled up the bucket, and they put in +the tools, which were eight sharp drills, an eight-pound sledge-hammer, +and a scraper about three feet long. I got in among the tools, and down I +went. It was warm above, but on the way down the shaft, which was thirty +feet deep, it became cooler and damper. I stood on one side with a small +pick to cut out nuggets, while the men drilled a hole about two inches in +diameter and one foot deep, which they afterward filled with dynamite. +After sending the tools up, the other man and I went up, while the man we +left in the shaft lit the fuse. We all pulled at the windlass, and he was +soon at the top. After taking off the bucket we ran up the hill about a +hundred yards to watch the result. + +With an awful explosion and a tremendous shower of rocks the dynamite blew +a big hole in the side of the shaft. After driving out the smoke by +dropping large cedar bushes in the shaft, we went down again. + +We filled the bucket with rocks, which were drawn up. We soon emptied the +shaft in this way. Then we went to the top and assorted the ore. I filled +a large box with the richest rocks I could find, and they were shipped the +next day. + +Besides blasting for the ore, I panned a little, that is, I had a shallow +pan with a little of the dust from the shaft and some water. I washed the +dust until I had very little dust left; then I took a quill toothpick and +picked the small nuggets from the pan and put them into a small gold vial +full of water. + +After staying at the mine four days, I went home, having had a fine time +"roughing it" in a gold mine. + +Please send me full particulars of the "Who? When? What? Chart" as soon as +you possibly can, and also tell me whether you will send me one of those +books which you want criticised. I am eleven years old. I like to read +very much--history, travel, and adventure being my favorites. The books I +like specially are Oliver Optic's works for travels, and G.A. Henty's +works for historical facts and thrilling adventures. I like other books +also. + +Hoping that I do not inconvenience you, I am respectfully, + + JULES W.L., Jr. + GREENSBORO, N.C., March 25, 1897. + + + + +EXHIBITION OF CHILDREN'S WORK. + + +There has been a very interesting exhibition, in New York, of sewing done +by the children in the public schools. + +France, England, Germany, Switzerland, Russia, China, and Japan have all +sent exhibits of their work, and so it has been possible to see what kind +of sewing is being done all over the world. + +It is very much to the credit of America that the home work far outshines +that of any of the foreign countries. + +This exhibition was not one of fancy work or embroideries, though every +country sent some specimens of the special work for which it is +celebrated. The work shown was plain sewing, the cutting and making of new +garments, and the mending of old ones. + +The first principles of sewing were shown on neat little squares of +cloth--running, hemming, stitching, gathering, and buttonhole-making. Then +there were garments in which all these first steps were applied. + +While every country has sent specimens of clothing made by its children, +and each exhibits its own system of teaching sewing, none of these systems +seem so complete nor the finished garments so perfect as those of our own +country. + +In foreign countries no particular attention seems to be paid to the +cutting, shaping, and ornamenting of garments. The little underclothes +from Switzerland and Germany, especially, were made of such coarse cloth, +of such a hideous pattern, and so utterly without ornament, that it is not +pleasant to think there are really people in the world contented to wear +such unsightly clothes. + +In the American exhibit, every garment, for rich child or poor child, had +its little frill of lace, or its row of feather-stitching, which gave it a +finish that was very pretty. + +The daintiest set of garments came from the Industrial School for Colored +and Indian Children, in Hampton, Va. + +The most complete exhibit, which included plain sewing, dress-making, +hat-trimming, and fancy work of all kinds, was sent by the Pratt +Institute, in Brooklyn. The useful sewing from that school was above the +standard of excellence, and the art work fully equal to that of the New +York School of Applied Design. + +A very interesting part of the exhibit of every American school was the +darning and patching. We hear a good deal about people not learning to sew +properly nowadays, since the sewing-machine has come into such common use, +but the patches and darns shown by the twelve-year-old pupils of our +public schools would put the far-famed patching of our grandmothers to +shame. + +There were square patches, with the patterns matched so exquisitely that +you had to feel the edge before you could realize that the patch was +there; three-cornered "jags" darned so perfectly with their own threads +that they were invisible, and every kind of rent and tear and hole was +treated in its own particular way. + +The Japanese sent a number of beautiful designs for embroidery, and a case +full of queer little Japanese garments, but unfortunately they, too, were +made of coarse materials, and looked ugly and uninteresting. + +Russia sent Russian lace, and a number of photographs of school children +learning to sew. They also sent some lovely Russian embroidery, but no +plain sewing. + +Mexico had a case full of wonderful drawn work; France some wonderful +designs for dresses, and some beautifully finished dress-waists, but the +little under-garments were as coarse as those of Switzerland. This was a +disappointment, because we always suppose that France sets the fashion for +daintiness. + +Two very interesting pieces of work had been loaned for the occasion: one, +a sofa cushion worked by Martha Washington; and the other a map of England +and Wales, done in Berlin wools by George Washington's aunt. + +The map was beautifully worked, and was a marvel of neatness, with the +counties all outlined in different colors, and their names worked in with +very fine stitches. + +Of Martha Washington's handiwork it is hard to speak. It was the ugliest +sofa cushion you can imagine, worked in browns so that it should not show +the dirt, and with such irregular stitches that either Madam Washington +must have been losing her sight when she worked it, or else she was a very +poor needle-woman. + +The American exhibit had one wonderful case of work done by the blind. It +consisted of patches with specimens of sewing and running on them, a great +many very fairly done buttonholes, and several little dolls' aprons very +neatly hemmed, and gathered with fine, even gathers. + +It seemed impossible to believe that the hands that did this work had no +eyes to guide them. The buttonholes were so well made that they looked +like the work of some careful, clever young children. + +What a wonderful age we live in! Fancy bringing the art of teaching to +such perfection that the blind can be taught to sew! Our young folks ought +to be very thankful that they are growing up at a time when teachers +endeavor to make learning a pleasure as well as a profit. G.H.R. + + + + +BOOK REVIEWS. + + +We publish the following letter about the "Carved Cartoon": + +This book deserves every word of praise given to it by our correspondent. +It is one of the most delightful stories written. It treats of the +adventures of Grinling Gibson, the famous carver in wood, who carved +flowers so delicately that they could absolutely move on their stems. + EDITOR. + + _To the Editor:_ + + DEAR SIR.--Every year the cry for books increases. + "Tell us what to read," is the constantly repeated demand, and + parents, teachers, and publishers are often at a loss to keep + the active brains of our young people supplied with sound, + wholesome, and interesting literature. + + Science, art, history, and zoology are presented to the little + ones in varied and attractive forms, and now THE GREAT ROUND + WORLD has come forward to fill a long-felt want by giving + the boys and girls clean, healthy, and concise accounts of what + is taking place in their own and other countries. + + It has always seemed strange to me that so few parents place in + their children's hands that beautiful story entitled the "Carved + Cartoon." It is a book of breathless interest, containing the + adventures of a young artist and a boy musician during the great + London plague and fire. + + The story is founded on fact, and the author's pen holds the + reader entranced as it vividly pictures the stirring scenes of + those thrilling years. + + The noble character and brilliant talents of the young hero + shine star-like through the surrounding darkness of greed, + avarice, and poverty. + + Trusting that no boy or girl will let an opportunity to read + this fascinating book slip by, I am very cordially your + interested reader, + + ELEANOR MAUD C----. + + + + +LETTERS TO THE EDITOR + + + DEAR MR. EDITOR: + + Would you kindly tell me what books to read? I am eleven years + old, and the books I like best are Miss Alcott's "Little Men," + "Jack and Jill," "Eight Cousins," and "Under the Lilacs," and + Miss Sydney's "Five Little Peppers," and I like books of that + style. I remain, + + Your devoted reader, + WALTER L.S. + + P.S.--I read "Jack and Jill" six times. + + NEW YORK, March 20, 1897. + + +"Beautiful Joe: the Autobiography of a Dog," by Marshall Saunders; "Black +Beauty," by Sewell; "The Wonder-Book" and "Tanglewood Tales," by +Hawthorne; "Greek Heroes and Greek Fairy Tales," by Kingsley; +"Jackanapes," by Mrs. Ewing; "Ten Boys Who Lived on the Road from Long +Ago," by Jane Andrews. + +This list has been made for you by two very nice little girls named Clare +and Eleanor. They have read and liked all the books in the list. + + EDITOR. + + + DEAR EDITOR: + + I like THE GREAT ROUND WORLD very much, and have just + finished reading it. I would like to ask a few questions. + + Do you think that Cuba will ever be free? + + Do you think that the United States will help Cuba? + + I was very much interested reading about the Inauguration. + + I was very sorry about Dr. Ricardo Ruiz being killed in Cuba. + + I was very much interested in the article about wheels. + + I must now stop, and success to your paper. + + Your affectionate reader, + TOM M.A. + March 20, 1897. + + +MY DEAR TOM: + +Thank you for your nice letter. In answer to your questions: We do think +that Cuba will be free, and that she will gain her freedom before very +long. We do not think that this country will help Cuba. It hardly seems +necessary now that we should help; the Spaniards are losing ground every +day, and it will probably be best for the United States to wait until the +brave little island has fought her last battle, and then let Uncle Sam +come forward and help Cuba to re-establish her commerce. + + THE EDITOR. + + + DEAR EDITOR: + + I enjoy THE GREAT ROUND WORLD very much indeed, and + wish the dreadful war with Cuba would stop; but I do not want + the Cubans to give up; it is just like the Revolutionary War + with us; we did not give up, and I hope Cuba won't. + + I have a little black and tan dog, and call him Jack. He is very + cunning indeed, he has a hard rubber ball he plays with. There + also is another black and tan dog in the house whose name is + Gipsy; she, also, is very cunning. + + I remain your affectionate reader, + HELEN A.S. + NEW YORK, MARCH 20, 1897. + + +Many thanks, dear Helen, for your letter. We are quite of your opinion, +and hope most sincerely that Cuba will not give up until she has won her +freedom. + + EDITOR. + + * * * * * + + +THE GREAT ROUND WORLD + +NATURAL HISTORY + +STORIES. + +A Series of True Stories + +BY + +JULIA TRUITT BISHOP. + +Attractively Illustrated by Barnes. + + * * * * * + +These stories will be issued in parts. Price, 10 cents each. Subscription +price (12 numbers), $1.00. Part 1. issued as supplement to GREAT ROUND +WORLD. 19. + + * * * * * + + =Author's Preface.= + + The stories published in this little volume have been issued + from time to time in the Philadelphia _Times_, and it is at the + request of many readers that they now greet the world in more + enduring form. They have been written as occasion suggested, + during several years; and they commemorate to me many of the + friends I have known and loved in the animal world. "Shep" and + "Dr. Jim," "Abdallah" and "Brownie," "Little Dryad" and + "Peek-a-Boo." I have been fast friends with every one, and have + watched them with such loving interest that I knew all their + ways and could almost read their thoughts. I send them on to + other lovers of dumb animals, hoping that the stories of these + friends of mine will carry pleasure to young and old. + + * * * * * + + =WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON,= + + =3 & 5 West 18th Street.= + + * * * * * + +Do you Cover your Books? + + THE "ONE PIECE" + ADJUSTABLE BOOK COVERS + +are made of the strongest and best book-cover paper obtainable. This paper +is made in large quantities especially for these book covers and will +protect books perfectly. The book covers themselves are a marvel of +ingenuity, and, although they are in one piece and can be adjusted to fit +perfectly any sized book without cutting the paper, they are also so +simple that any boy or girl can use them; as they are already gummed they +are always ready for use. + +A sample dozen will be mailed to any address for 20 cents (or ten two-cent +stamps) if you write + + WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON + + 3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City + + * * * * * + + + + A Good Agent + Wanted + In Every Town + for + "The Great Round World" + + + + +Which Is Your Favorite + +_BICYCLE_ + +You have your choice of any wheel in the market if you send us one hundred +regular subscriptions to the + +"Great Round World" + +Show the paper to your friends, and you will soon find one hundred people +who will be glad to subscribe. Send the subscriptions in to us as fast as +received, and when the one hundredth, reaches us you can go to ANY dealer +YOU choose, buy ANY wheel YOU choose, and we will pay the bill. + +Six-months' subscriptions will be counted as one-half, three-months' as +one-quarter, + +_SAMPLE COPIES WILL BE FURNISHED AT HALF PRICE. (SEE OTHER OFFERS)_ + +Great Round World +3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World And What Is +Going On In It, Vol. 1. No. 23, April 15, 1897, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD *** + +***** This file should be named 15457.txt or 15457.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/5/4/5/15457/ + +Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Emmy and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team. 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