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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 13426 ***
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES:
+
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
+GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+No. 44.] SATURDAY, AUGUST 31, 1850 [Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {209}
+
+CONTENTS
+
+NOTES:
+
+Gravesend Boats                                        209
+Notes on Cunningham's Handbook of London, by E.F.
+    Rimbault                                           211
+Devotional Tracts belonging to Queen Katherine Parr,
+    by Dr. Charlton                                    212
+Suggestions for cheap Books of Reference               213
+Rib, why the first Woman formed from                   213
+Minor Notes:--Cinderella, or the Glass Slipper--Mistletoe
+    on Oaks--Omnibuses--Havock--Schlegel
+    on Church Property in England                      214
+
+QUERIES:
+P. Mathieu's Life of Sejanus                           215
+The Antiquity of Smoking                               216
+Sir Gregory Norton, Bart.                              216
+Minor Queries:--City Offices--Meaning of
+    Harefinder--Saffron-bag--Bishop Berkley's successful
+    Experiments--Unknown Portrait--Custom of selling
+    Wives--Hepburn Crest and Motto--Concolinel--"One
+    Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church"--The
+    Norfolk Dialect--Sir John Perrot--"Antiquitas sæculi
+    juventus mundi"                                    216
+
+REPLIES:
+Derivation of "News"                                   218
+Replies to Minor Queries:--Swords worn in Public--Quarles'
+    Pension--Franz von Sickingen--"Noll me
+    tangere"--Dr. Bowring's Translations--Countess
+    of Desmond--Yorkshire Dales--Sir Thomas Herbert's
+    Memoirs--Alarum--Practice of Scalping
+    among the Scythian's--Gospel Tree--Martinet--"Yote"
+    or "Yeot"--Map of London--Woodcarving,
+    Snow Hill--Waltheof--The Dodo--"Under
+    the Rose"--Ergh, Er, or Argh--Royal
+    Supporters--The Frog and the Crow of Ennow         218
+MISCELLANEOUS:
+
+Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c.                 222
+Books and Odd Volumes Wanted                           223
+Notices to Correspondents                              223
+Advertisements                                         223
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NOTES
+
+GRAVESEND BOATS.
+
+While so much has been said of coaches, in the early numbers of "Notes
+and Queries" and elsewhere, very little notice has been taken of another
+mode of conveyance which has now become very important. I think it may
+amuse some of your readers to compare a modern Gravesend boat and
+passage with the account given by Daniel Defoe, in the year 1724: and as
+it is contained in what I believe to be one of his least known works, it
+may probably be new to most of them. In his _Great Law of
+Subordination_, after describing the malpractices of hackney coachmen,
+he proceeds:
+
+    "The next are the watermen; and, indeed, the insolence of these,
+    though they are under some limitations too, is yet such at this
+    time, that it stands in greater need than any other, of severe
+    laws, and those laws being put in speedy execution.
+
+    "Some years ago, one of these very people being steersman of a
+    passage-boat between London and Gravesend, drown'd
+    three-and-fifty people at one time. The boat was bound from
+    Gravesend to London, was very full of passengers and goods, and
+    deep loaden. The wind blew very hard at south-west, which being
+    against them, obliged them to turn to windward, so the seamen
+    call it, when they tack from side to side, to make their voyage
+    against the wind by the help of the tide.
+
+    "The passengers were exceedingly frighted when, in one tack
+    stretching over the stream, in a place call'd Long-Reach, where
+    the river is very broad, the waves broke in upon the boat, and
+    not only wetted them all, but threw a great deal of water into
+    the boat, and they all begg'd of the steersman or master not to
+    venture again. He, sawey and impudent, mock'd them, ask'd some
+    of the poor frighted women if they were afraid of going to the
+    Devil; bid them say their prayers and the like, and then stood
+    over again, as it were, in a jest. The storm continuing, he
+    shipp'd a great deal of water that time also. By this time the
+    rest of the watermen begun to perswade him, and told him, in
+    short, that if he stood over again the boat would founder, for
+    that she was a great deal the deeper for the water she had taken
+    in, and one of them begg'd of him not to venture; he swore at
+    the fellow, call'd him fool, bade him let him alone to his
+    business, and he would warrant him; then used a vulgar
+    sea-proverb, which such fellows have in their mouths, 'Blow
+    Devil, the more wind, the better boat.'
+
+    "The fellow told him in so many words he would drown all the
+    passengers, and before his face began to strip, and so did two
+    more, that they might be in condition to swim for their lives.
+    This extremely terrify'd the passengers, who, having a cloth or
+    tilt over them, were in no condition to save their lives, so
+    that there was a dreadful cry among them, and some of the men
+    were making way to come at the steersman to make him by force
+    let fly the sail and stand back for the shore; but before they
+    could get to him the waves broke in upon the boat and carried
+    them all to the bottom, none escaping but the three watermen
+    that were prepar'd to swim. {210}
+
+    "It was but poor satisfaction for the loss of so many lives, to
+    say the steersman was drown'd with them, who ought, indeed, to
+    have died at the gallows, or on the wheel, for he was certainly
+    the murtherer of all the rest.
+
+    "I have many times pass'd between London and Gravesend with
+    these fellows in their smaller boats, when I have seen them, in
+    spite of the shrieks and cries of the women and the persuasions
+    of the men passengers, and, indeed, as if they were the more
+    bold by how much the passengers were the more afraid; I say, I
+    have seen them run needless hazards, and go, as it were, within
+    an inch of death, when they have been under no necessity of it,
+    and, if not in contempt of the passengers, it has been in meer
+    laziness to avoid their rowing; and I have been sometimes
+    oblig'd, especially when there has been more men in the boat of
+    the same mind, so that we have been strong enough for them, to
+    threaten to cut their throats to make them hand their sails and
+    keep under shore, not to fright as well as hazard the passengers
+    when there was no need of it.
+
+    "One time, being in one of these boats all alone, coming from
+    London to Gravesend, the wind freshen'd and it begun to blow
+    very hard after I was come about three or four mile of the way;
+    and as I said above, that I always thought those fellows were
+    the more venturous when their passengers were the most fearful,
+    I resolved I would let this fellow alone to himself; so I lay
+    down in the boat as if I was asleep, as is usual.
+
+    "Just when I lay down, I called to the waterman, 'It blows hard,
+    waterman,' said I; 'can you swim?' 'No, Sir,' says he. 'Nor
+    can't your man swim neither?' said I. 'No, Sir,' says the
+    servant. 'Well then,' says I, 'take care of yourselves, I shall
+    shift as well as you, I suppose:' and so down I lay. However, I
+    was not much disposed to sleep; I kept the tilt which they cover
+    their passengers with open in one place, so that I could see how
+    things went.
+
+    "The wind was fair, but over-blow'd so much, that in those
+    reaches of the river which turn'd crossway, and where the wind
+    by consequence was thwart the stream, the water went very high,
+    and we took so much into the boat, that I began to feel the
+    straw which lay under me at the bottom was wet, so I call'd to
+    the waterman, and jesting told him, they must go all hands to
+    the pump; he answered, he hoped I should not be wet; 'But it's
+    bad weather, master,' says he, 'we can't help it.' 'No, no,'
+    says I, ''tis pretty well yet, go on.'
+
+    "By and by I heard him say to himself, 'It blows very hard,' and
+    every now and then he repeated it, and sometimes thus: ''Twill
+    be a dirty night, 'twill be a terrible night,' and the like;
+    still I lay still and said nothing.
+
+    "After some time, and his bringing out several such speeches as
+    above, I rous'd as if I had but just wak'd; 'Well, waterman,'
+    says I, 'how d'ye go on?' 'Very indifferently,' says he; 'it
+    blows very hard.' 'Ay, so it does,' says I; 'where are we?' 'A
+    little above Erith,' says he; so down I lay again, and said no
+    more for that time.
+
+    "By and by he was at it again, 'It blows a frett of wind,' and
+    'It blows very hard,' and the like; but still I said nothing. At
+    last we ship'd a dash of water over the boat's head, and the
+    spry of it wetted me a little, and I started up again as if I
+    had been asleep; 'Waterman,' says I, 'what are you doing? what,
+    did you ship a sea?' 'Ay,' says the waterman, 'and a great one
+    too; why it blows a frett of wind.' 'Well, well,' says I, 'come,
+    have a good heart; where are we now?' 'Almost in Gallions,' says
+    he, 'that's a reach below Woolwich.'
+
+    "Well, when we got into the Gallions reach, there the water was
+    very rough, and I heard him say to his man, 'Jack, we'll keep
+    the weather-shore aboard, for it grows dark and it blows a
+    storm.' Ay, thought I, had I desir'd you to stand in under
+    shore, you would have kept off in meer bravado; but I said
+    nothing. By and by his mast broke, and gave a great crack, and
+    the fellow cry'd out, 'Lord have mercy upon us!' I started up
+    again, but still spoke cheerfully; 'What's the matter now?' says
+    I. 'L--d, Sir,' say's he, 'how can you sleep? why my mast is
+    come by the board.' 'Well, well,' says I, 'then you must take a
+    goose-wing.' 'A goose-wing! why,' says he, 'I can't carry a knot
+    of sail, it blows a storm.' 'Well,' says I, 'if you can't carry
+    any sail, you must drive up under shore then, you have the tide
+    under foot:' and with that I lay down again. The man did as I
+    said. A piece of his mast being yet standing, he made what they
+    call a goose-wing sail, that is, a little piece of the sail out,
+    just to keep the boat steddy, and with this we got up as high as
+    Blackwall; the night being then come on and very dark, and the
+    storm increasing, I suffer'd myself to be persuaded to put in
+    there, though five or six mile short of London; whereas, indeed,
+    I was resolv'd to venture no farther if the waterman would have
+    done it.
+
+    "When I was on shore, the man said to me, 'Master, you have been
+    us'd to the sea, I don't doubt; why you can sleep in a storm
+    without any concern, as if you did not value your life; I never
+    carry'd one in my life that did so; why, 'twas a wonder we had
+    not founder'd.' 'Why,' says I, 'friend, for that you know I left
+    it all to you; I did not doubt but you would take care of
+    yourself;' but after that I told him my other reason for it, the
+    fellow smil'd, but own'd the thing was true, and that he was the
+    more cautious a great deal, for that I took no thought about it;
+    and I am still of opinion, that the less frighted and timorous
+    their passengers are, the more cautious and careful the watermen
+    are, and the least apt to run into danger; whereas, if their
+    passengers appear frighted, then the watermen grow sawcy and
+    audacious, show themselves vent'rous, and contemn the dangers
+    which they are really exposed to."--p. 130.
+
+We are not bound to suppose that this is plain relation of matter of
+fact, any more than the _History of Robinson Crusoe_; but it is a
+graphic sketch of life and manners worth the notice of those who study
+such things. It forms at least a little contribution to the history of
+travelling in England. A passenger who had just landed from a Gravesend
+boat, to pursue his journey by land, might well be thankful to "be
+received in a coach" like that which had been started at York near half
+a century before.
+
+Alpha.
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {211}
+
+NOTES ON THE SECOND EDITION OF MR. CUNNINGHAM'S HANDBOOK OF LONDON.
+
+Mr. Cunningham's work on London is a book of such general interest, that
+the additions and corrections, which I shall continue from time to time
+to offer to your readers, will not, I think, be deemed impertinent or
+trifling. Let it not be imagined, for one single instant, that I wish to
+depreciate Mr. Cunningham's labours. On the contrary, his book is one of
+the most delightful publications relative to our great city which we
+possess. And let me candidly say, if I were to select only half-a-dozen
+volumes for my own reading, _Cunningham's Handbook of London_ would most
+assuredly be one of that number.
+
+The quaint and learned old Fuller, in his address to the _Worthies of
+England_, says:
+
+    "The bare skeleton of time, place, and person, must be fleshed
+    with some pleasant passages; and to this intent I have purposely
+    interlaced (not as meat but as condiment) many stories, so that
+    the reader, if he do not arise _religiosior_ or _doctior_, with
+    more piety or learning, at least he may depart _jucundior_, with
+    more pleasure and lawful delight."
+
+This remark has been well understood by Mr. Cunningham, whose pleasant
+quotations, and literary and artistic recollections, have made his book
+a _readable_ one to the many, and an instructive companion for the
+_initiated_.
+
+The "bare skeleton" sometimes wants "fleshing," and hence the following
+list of additions and corrections:
+
+1. _Dobney's_, or, more correctly, _D'Aubigney's Bowling Green_, was a
+celebrated place of amusement "more than sixty years since." It is now
+occupied by a group of houses called _Dobney's Place_, near the bottom
+of Penton street, and almost opposite to the Belvidere Tavern and Tea
+Gardens.
+
+2. _Bridge Street, Westminster._ The Long Wool-staple was on the site of
+this street. Henry VIII., in 1548, founded, "in the Long Wool-staple,"
+St. Stephen's Hospital, for eight maimed soldiers, who had each a
+convenient room, and received an allowance of 5l. a year from the
+exchequer. It was removed in 1735, and eight almshouses rebuilt in St.
+Anne's Lane, bearing the inscription "Wool-staple Pensioners, 1741." In
+1628, in the Overseer's books of St. Margaret's is rated in the
+Wool-staple "Orlando Gibbons ij d."
+
+3. _Campden House, Kensington._ Built by Sir Baptist Hickes in 1612;
+pulled down about 1827. Nicholas Lechmere, the eminent lawyer, was
+residing here when he was created a peer.
+
+  "Back in the dark, by Brompton Park,
+  He turned up thro' the Gore,
+  So slunk to _Campden House_ so high,
+  All in his coach and four."
+
+  Swift's Ballad of _Duke and no Duke_.
+
+4. _Finch's Grotto._ A place of amusement, similar to Vauxhall Gardens,
+much in vogue at the end of the last century. The "Grotto Gardens," as
+they were sometimes called, were situated partly in Winchester Park, or
+the Clink, and partly in the parish of St. George, Southwark.
+
+5. _Leicester Square._ Mr. Cunningham does not mention the fine house of
+Sir George Savile, in this square. It was subsequently Miss Linwood's
+_Exhibition of Needlework_; and has latterly been used as a
+concert-room, casino, &c. The statue in the centre of the square is
+George I., not George II.
+
+6. _Thavie's Inn._ A small brass plate fixed up against the first house
+on the west side, has the following inscription:
+
+    "Thavie's Inn, founded by John Thavie, Esquire, in the reign of
+    Edward the Third; Adjudged to be extra-parochial, in the Court
+    of King's Bench, Guild-hall, in the causes Fraser against the
+    Parish of St. Andrew, Holborn, on the 7th day of July, 1823, and
+    Marsden against the same parish, on the 17th day of October,
+    1826. This memorial of the antiquity and privileges of this inn,
+    was erected during the Treasurership of Francis Paget Watson,
+    Esq., Anno Dom. MDCCCXXVII."
+
+7. _Old Bailey._ Peter Bales, the celebrated writing master of Queen
+Elizabeth's reign, was master of a school "at the upper end of the _Old
+Bailey_" in 1590. It was here he published his first work, entitled,
+_The Writing School Master_.
+
+8. _Islington._ During the reign of James I. and Charles I., Islington
+was a favourite resort, on account of its rich dairies. In that part of
+the manor of Highbury at the lower end of Islington, there were, in
+1611, eight inns principally supported by summer visitors. See _Nelson's
+History of Islington_, p. 38, 4to., 1811.
+
+  "--Hogsdone, _Islington_, and Tothnam Court,
+  For cakes and creame had then no small resort."
+
+  Wither's _Britain's Remembrancer_, 12mo. 1628.
+
+9. _Seven Dials._ The Doric column with its "seven dials," which once
+marked this locality, now "ornaments" the pleasant little town of
+Walton-on-Thames.
+
+10. _Mews (the King's)._ The fore-court of the royal mews was used in
+1829 for the exhibition of a "monstrous whale." The _building_ (which
+stood upon the site of the National Gallery) was occupied, at the same
+time, by the _Museum of National Manufactures_. The "Museum" was
+removed, upon the pulling down of the mews, to Dr. Hunter's house in
+Leicester Square, and was finally closed upon the establishment of the
+_Royal Polytechnic Institution_.
+
+Mr. Cunningham, in his _Chronology_, says the mews was taken down in
+1827. In the body of the book he gives the date, perhaps more correctly,
+1830. {212}
+
+11. _Brownlow Street, Holborn._ This should be "Brownlow Street, _Drury
+Lane_;" George Vertue the engraver was living here in 1748.
+
+12. _White Conduit House._ The anonymous author of _The Sunday Ramble_,
+1774, has left us the following description of this once popular
+tea-gardens:
+
+    "The garden is formed into several pleasing walks, prettily
+    disposed; at the end of the principal one is a painting, which
+    serves to render it much larger in appearance than it really is;
+    and in the middle of the garden is a round fish-pond,
+    encompassed with a great number of very genteel boxes for
+    company, curiously cut into the hedges, and adorned with a
+    variety of Flemish and other painting; there are likewise two
+    handsome tea-rooms, one over the other, as well as several
+    inferior ones in the dwelling-house."
+
+"White Conduit Loaves" were for a long time famous, and before the great
+augmentation in the price of bread, during the revolutionary war with
+France, they formed one of the regular "London cries."
+
+13. _Vauxhall Gardens._ A curious and highly interesting description of
+this popular place of amusement, "a century ago," was printed in 1745,
+under the title of _A Sketch of the Spring-Gardens, Vaux-hall, in a
+letter to a Noble Lord_, 8vo. My copy is much at Mr. Cunningham's
+service for any future edition of his _Handbook_.
+
+Edward F. Rimbault.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+DEVOTIONAL TRACTS BELONGING TO QUEEN KATHERINE PARR.
+
+In your Number for August 10th, I observe an inquiry regarding a MS.
+book of prayers said to have belonged to Queen Katherine Parr. Of the
+book in question I know nothing, but there has lately come into my
+possession a volume of early English printed devotional works, which
+undoubtedly has belonged to this Queen. The volume is a small duodecimo,
+bound red velvet, with gilt leaves, and it has had ornamental borders
+and clasps of some metal, as the impressions of these are still
+distinctly visible upon the velvet covering. The contents of this volume
+are as follows:
+
+    1. "A sermon of Saint Chrysostome, wherein besyde that it is
+    furnysshed with heuenly wisedome and teachinge, he wonderfully
+    proueth that No man is hurted but of hym-selfe: translated into
+    Englishe by the floure of lerned menne in his tyme, Thomas
+    Lupsete, Londoner, 1534."
+
+At the bottom of this title-page is written, in the well-known bold hand
+of Katherine Parr,--"Kateryn the Quene, K.P.," with the equally
+well-known flourish beneath.
+
+    2. "A svvete and devovte sermon of Holy Saynet Ciprian of
+    mortalitie of man. The rules of a Christian life made by Picus,
+    erle of Mirandula, both translated into Englyshe by Syr Thomas
+    Elyot, Knyght. Londini, Anno verbi incarnati MDXXXIX.
+
+    3. "An exhortation to yonge men, &c., by Thomas Lupsete,
+    Londener, 1534.
+
+    4. "A treatise of charitie, 1534.
+
+    5. "Here be the Gathered Counsales of Sainete Isidorie, &c.,
+    1539.
+
+    6. "A compendious and a very fruitful treatise teaching the waye
+    of dyenge well, written to a frende by the floure of lerned men
+    of his tyme, Thomas Lupsete, Londoner, late deceassed, on whose
+    sowle Jesu have mercy. 1541."
+
+Almost all these treatises are printed by Thomas Berthelet. I know not
+if any of these treatises are now scarce. On the fly-leaf opposite the
+first page we find the following scriptural sentences, which are, in my
+opinion, and in that of others to whom I have shown the book, evidently
+written by the hand of the queen.
+
+It will be only necessary to give the first and last of these sentences:
+
+    "Delyte not in Þe multytude of ungodly men, and haue no pleasure
+    in Þem, for they feare not God.
+
+    "Refuse not Þe prayer of one yt is in trouble, and turne not
+    away thy face from the nedye."
+
+We need not quote more; but on the opposite side of the fly-leaf are
+some verses of a different character, and which I suspect to be from the
+royal pen of Henry VIII. The writing is uncommonly difficult to
+decypher, but it bears a strong resemblance to all that I have seen of
+Henry's handwriting. A portion of the verses, as far as I can make them
+out, are here subjoined:
+
+  Respect.
+
+  "Blush not, fayre nimphe, tho (nee?) of nobell blod,
+  I fain avoutch it, and of manners good,
+  Spottles in lyf, of mynd sencere and sound,
+  In whoam a world of vertues doth abowend,
+  And sith besyd yt ye lycens giv withall
+  Set doughts asyd and to some sporting fall,
+  Therefoor, suspysion, I do banyshe thee"
+
+Then follows a line I cannot decypher, and at the bottom of the page is
+
+  "You will be clear of my suspysion."
+
+Are these verses from some old poet, or are they composed as well as
+written by the royal tyrant? for no other would, I think, have addressed
+such lines to "Kateryn the Quene."
+
+I have only to add that the volume was given me by the sister of the
+late President of the English college at Valladolid, and that he
+obtained it during his residence in Spain. It is not unlikely it may
+have been carried thither by some of the English Catholics, who resorted
+to that country for education. In 1625 it seems to have belonged to John
+Sherrott.
+
+I should be glad of any information about the verses.
+
+E. Charlton, M.D.
+
+Newcastle-upon-Tyne, August 18. 1850.
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {213}
+
+SUGGESTIONS FOR CHEAP BOOKS OF REFERENCE.
+
+Although your space is generally devoted to the higher and more curious
+inquiries respecting antiquities and literature, I am sure you will not
+grudge a little room for facilitating and improving the means of popular
+information and instruction.
+
+For every man, almost in any station in society, I submit that the
+followings works for reference are indispensable, in the most convenient
+corner or shelf of his library:--1. A Biographical Dictionary. 2. A
+Gazetteer. 3. A Statistical or Commercial Dictionary. With works of that
+description the public have been very indifferently supplied during the
+last thirty years: at least, at the _moderate prices_ calculated to
+bring them within the reach of students in humbler life, forming the
+great mass of readers. Mr. Constable, of Edinburgh, published in 1817 an
+abridged Gazetteer, price 18s., but there has been no such work since.
+Mr. A.K. Johnston's _Geographical Dictionary_, at 36s., lately
+published, supplies to a certain class of readers one of the works
+wanted.
+
+I beg to suggest a few observations for the improvement of works of this
+description through your valuable channel.
+
+I. I submit that none of the dictionaries of reference now specified
+should be published without promise of a _periodical supplement_ every
+five or seven years, containing later matter and intelligence. For
+example, how easily could this be given in the case of a Biographical
+Dictionary! Say that such a work has been published in 1830 (which, it
+is believed, is the date of Gorton's excellent _Biographical
+Dictionary_), the compiler of a supplement has only to collect and
+arrange monthly or annual obituaries of the common magazines since 1830
+to make a good and useful supplemental volume.
+
+II. I would suggest to skilful authors and booksellers publishing
+Biographical Dictionaries to follow the French and American custom of
+including in them the more eminent _contemporary_ living characters.
+That would add greatly to the use of the book; and the matter could
+easily be collected from the current Books of Peerage and Parliamentary
+Companions, with aid from the numerous magazines as to distinguished
+literary men.
+
+III. The supplements for Gazetteers could be easily compiled from the
+_parliamentary papers_ and magazines of the day. I would refer
+particularly to the supplements published by Mr. McCulloch to his
+_Commercial Dictionary_ as an example to be followed; while the conduct
+lately adopted in the new edition of Maunder's _Biographical Treasury_
+should be avoided. The old edition of that collection consisted of 839
+pages, and it is believed it was _stereotyped_. A new edition, or a new
+issue, of the old 839 pages was lately published, the same as the
+original dictionary, with a supplement of 72 pages. That is not sold
+separately; so that the holders of the old edition must purchase the
+whole work a _second_ time in 1850, at 10s., to procure the supplement.
+The public should not encourage such a style of publication. Any one
+might publish a supplemental dictionary since 1836, which would equally
+serve with the old edition. This hint is particularly addressed to Mr.
+Charles Knight.
+
+These hints are offered to the publishers and encouragers of _popular_
+works for general readers, at economical prices; and they might be
+extended. For example, dictionaries of medicine for family use have
+great sale. Sometimes, it is believed, they are stereotyped. Why should
+not later practice and discoveries be published in a cheaper
+_supplement_, to preserve the value of the original work? Thus, in my
+family, I use the excellent _Cyclopædia of Popular Medicine_ published
+by Dr. Murray in 1842; but on looking into it for "Chloroform" and "Cod
+Liver Oil," no such articles are to be found, as they were not known in
+1842. The skilful will find many other omissions.
+
+IV. There might be a greater difficulty in constructing a popular
+commercial or statistical dictionary, at a moderate price, to be
+supplied with supplements at later intervals. But even as to these,
+there is a good model in Waterston's _Small Dictionary of Commerce_,
+published in 1844, which, with a supplement, might afford, for a few
+shillings, to give all the later information derived from the free-trade
+measures and extension of our colonies. Waterston's original work is
+advertised often for sale at 10s. or 12s., and a supplement at 3s. would
+bring it within the reach of the great bulk of readers.
+
+These suggestions are offered without the slightest intention to
+depreciate or disparage the greater and more elaborate works of Mr.
+McCulloch, and others who compile and publish works worthy of reference,
+and standards of authority among men of highest science. No man who can
+afford it would ever be without the latest edition (without the aid of
+supplements) of large works; but it is manifest that there has been a
+great neglect to supply the mass of readers in ordinary circumstances
+with books of common reference, at moderate prices; and I hope that some
+publishers of enterprise and sagacity will see it to be their interest
+to act on the advice now offered.
+
+PHILANTHROPOS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+RIB, WHY THE FIRST WOMAN FORMED FROM.
+
+Allow me to request a place for the following curious and quaint
+exposition of the propriety of the selection of _the rib_ as the
+material out of which our first mother Eve was formed; and the ingenious
+illustration which it is made to afford of the relation between wife and
+husband. {214}
+
+    "Thirdly, God so ordered the matter betwixt them, that this
+    adhæsion and agglutination of one to the other should be
+    perpetuall. For by taking a bone from the man (who was _nimium
+    osseus_, exceeded and was somewhat monstrous, by one bone too
+    much) to strengthen the woman, and by putting flesh in steede
+    thereof to mollifie the man, he made a sweete complexion and
+    temper betwixt them, like harmony in musicke, for their amiable
+    cohabitation.
+
+    "Fourthly, that bone which God tooke from the man, was from out
+    the midst of him. As Christ wrought saluation _in medio terræ_,
+    so God made the woman _è medio viri_, out of the very midst of
+    man. The _species_ of the bone is exprest to be _costa_, a rib,
+    a bone of the side, not of the head: a woman is not _domina_,
+    the ruler; nor of any anterior part; she is not _prælata_,
+    preferred before the man; nor a bone of the foote; she is not
+    _serva_, a handmaid; nor of any hinder part; she is not
+    _post-posita_, set behind the man: but a bone of the _side_, of
+    a middle and indifferent part, to show that she is _socia_, a
+    companion to the husband. For _qui junguntur lateribus, socii
+    sunt_, they that walke side to side and cheeke to cheeke, walke
+    as companions.
+
+    "Fifthly, I might adde, a bone from vnder the arme, to put the
+    man in remembrance of protection and defense to the woman.
+
+    "Sixthly, a bone not far from his heart to put him in minde of
+    dilection and loue to the woman. Lastly, a bone from the left
+    side, to put the woman in minde, that by reason of her frailty
+    and infirmity she standeth in need of both the one and the other
+    from her husband.
+
+    "To conclude my discourse, if these things be duely examined
+    when man taketh a woman to wife, _reparat latus suum_, what doth
+    he else but remember the maime that was sometimes made in his
+    side, and desireth to repaire it? _Repetit costam suam_, he
+    requireth and fetcheth back the rib that was taken from him,"
+    &c. &c.--From pp. 28, 30, of "_Vitis Palatina_, A sermon
+    appointed to be preached at Whitehall, upon Tuesday after the
+    marriage of the Ladie Elizabeth, her Grace, by the B. of London.
+    London: printed for John Bill, 1614."
+
+The marriage actually took place on the 14th of February, 1612. In the
+dedication to the Prince of Wales, afterwards Charles I., the Bishop
+(Dr. John King) hints that he had delayed the publication till the full
+meaning of his text, which is Psalm xxviii. ver. 3, should have been
+accomplished by the birth of a son, an event which had been recently
+announced, and that, too, on the very day when this Psalm occurred in
+the course of the Church service.
+
+The sermon is curious, and I may hereafter trouble you with some notices
+of these "Wedding Sermons," which are evidently contemplated by the
+framers of our Liturgy, as the concluding homily of the office for
+matrimony is by the Rubric to be read "if there be no sermon." It is
+observable that the first Rubric especially directs that the woman shall
+stand on the man's left hand. Any notices on the subject from your
+correspondents would be acceptable.
+
+In the first series of Southey's _Common Place Book_, at page 226., a
+passage is quoted from Henry Smith's _Sermons_, which dwells much upon
+the formation of the woman from _the rib_ of man, but not in such detail
+as Bishop King has done. Notices of the Bishop may be found in Keble's
+edition of _Hooker_, vol. ii. pp. 24, 100, 103. It appears that after
+his death it was alleged that he maintained Popish doctrines. This his
+son, Henry King, canon of St. Paul's, and Archdeacon of Colchester,
+satisfactorily disproved in a sermon at Paul's Cross, and again in the
+dedication prefixed to his "_Exposition upon the Lord's Prayer_," 4to.,
+London, 1634. See Wood's _Athenæ Oxon._, fol. edit. vol. ii. p. 294.
+
+As for the marriage of the Princess Elizabeth, afterwards celebrated for
+her misfortunes as Queen of Bohemia, it was celebrated in an
+epithalamium by Dr. Donne, _Works_, 8vo. edit. vol. vi. p. 550. And in
+the Somer's _Tracts_, vol. iii., pp. 35, 43., may be found descriptions
+of the "_shewes_," and a poem of Taylor the Water Poet, entitled
+"Heaven's Blessing and Earth's Joy," all tending to show the great
+contemporary interest which the event occasioned.
+
+Balliolensis.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MINOR NOTES
+
+_Cinderella, or the Glass Slipper._--Two centuries ago furs were so
+rare, and therefore so highly valued, that the wearing of them was
+restricted by several sumptuary laws to kings and princes. Sable, in
+those laws called _vair_, was the subject of countless regulations: the
+exact quality permitted to be worn by persons of different grades, and
+the articles of dress to which it might be applied, were defined most
+strictly. Perrault's tale of _Cinderella_ originally marked the dignity
+conferred on her by the fairy by her wearing a slipper of _vair_, a
+privilege then confined to the highest rank of princesses. An error of
+the press, now become inveterate, changed _vair_ into _verre_, and the
+slipper of _sable_ was suddenly converted into a _glass_ slipper.
+
+Jarltzberg.
+
+
+_Mistletoe on Oaks._--In Vol. ii., p. 163., I observed a citation on the
+extreme rarity of _mistletoe on oaks_, from Dr. Giles and Dr. Daubeny;
+and with reference to it, and to some remarks of Professor Henslow in
+the _Gardeners' Chronicle_, I communicated to the latter journal, last
+week, the fact of my having, at this present time, a bunch of that plant
+growing in great luxuriance on an oak aged upwards of seventy years.
+
+I beg leave to repeat it for the use of your work, and to add, what I
+previously appended as likely to be interesting to the archæologist of
+Wales or the Marches, that the oak bearing it stands about half a mile
+N.W. of my residence here, on the earthen mound of Badamscourt, once a
+moated {215} mansion of the Herberts, or Ab-Adams, of Beachley adjacent,
+and of Llanllowell.
+
+George Ormerod.
+
+Sedbury Park, Chepstow.
+
+
+_Omnibuses._--It may be interesting to your readers at a future time to
+know when these vehicles, the use of which is daily extending, were
+introduced into this country; perhaps, therefore, you will allow me to
+state how the fact is. Mr. C. Knight, in his _Volume of Varieties_, p.
+178., observes:
+
+    "The Omnibus was tried about 1800, with four horses and six
+    wheels; but we refused to accept it in any shape till we
+    imported the fashion from Paris in 1830."
+
+And Mr. Shillibeer, of the City Road, the inventor of the patent funeral
+carriage, in his evidence before the Board of Health on the general
+scheme for extra-mural sepulture, incidentally mentions that he
+
+    "Had had much experience in cheapening vehicular transit, having
+    originated and established the Omnibus in England."--_Report_,
+    p. 124., 8vo. ed.
+
+Arun.
+
+
+_Havock._--Havock is a term in our ancient English military laws: the
+use of it was forbidden among the soldiery by the army regulations of
+those days; so in the Ordinances des Batailles in the ninth year of
+Richard II, art. x.:
+
+    "Item, que nul soit si hardi de crier havoick sur peine d'avoir
+    la teste coupe."
+
+This was properly a punishable offence in soldiers; havock being the cry
+of mutual encouragement to general massacre, unlimited slaughter, that
+no quarter should be given, &c. A tract on "The office of the constable
+and Mareshall in the tyme of Warre," contained in the black book of the
+Admiralty, has this passage:
+
+    "Also, that no man be so hardy to crye havock upon peyne that he
+    that is begynner shall be deede therefore: and the remanent that
+    doo the same, or follow, shall lose their horse and harneis ...
+    and his body in prison at the king's will."
+
+And this appears to answer well to the original term, which is taken
+from the ravages committed by a troop of wild beasts, wolves, lions,
+&c., falling on a flock of sheep. But some think it was originally a
+hunting term, importing the letting loose a pack of hounds. Shakspeare
+combines both senses:
+
+    "Cry havock! and let slip the dogs of war."
+
+In a copy of Johnson's _Dictionary_ before me, I find
+
+    "HAVOCK (haroc, Sax.), waste; wide and general devastation."
+    _Spenser_.
+
+    "HAVOCK, _interj_, a word of encouragement to slaughter."
+    _Shakspeare_.
+
+    "TO HAVOCK, _v. a._, to waste; to destroy; to lay waste."
+    _Spenser_.
+
+Jarltzberg.
+
+
+_Schlegel on Church Property in England._--Fr. Schlegel, in his
+_Philosophy of History_, says, p. 403., "in England and Sweden church
+property remained inviolate:" what the case may be in Sweden I do not
+know, but it appears strange that a man of such general knowledge as F.
+Schlegel should make such an assertion as regards England.
+
+S.N.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+QUERIES.
+
+P. MATHIEU'S LIFE OF SEJANUS.
+
+In a letter from Southey to his friend Bedford, dated Nov. 11, 1821
+(_Life and Correspondence_, vol. v. p. 99.), he desires him to inform
+Gifford that
+
+    "In a volume of tracts at Lowther, of Charles I.'s time, I found
+    a life of Sejanus by P.M., by which initials some hand,
+    apparently as old as the book, had written Philip Massinger. I
+    did not read the tract, being too keenly in pursuit of other
+    game; but I believe it had a covert aim at Buckingham. I have
+    not his Massinger, and, therefore, do not know whether he is
+    aware that this was ever ascribed to that author; if he is not,
+    he will be interested in the circumstance, and may think it
+    worthy of further inquiry."
+
+As others may be led by this hint to enter on such an inquiry, I would
+suggest that it may save much trouble if they first satisfy themselves
+that the _Life of Sejanus_ by P. Mathieu may not have been the tract
+which fell in Southey's way. It is to be found in a volume entitled
+
+    "_Unhappy Prosperity_, expressed in the History of Ælius Selanus
+    and Philippa the _Catanian_, with observations upon the fall of
+    Sejanus. Lastly, Certain Considerations upon the life and
+    Services of _Monsieur_ Villeroy, translated out of the original
+    [French] by _S'r T. H._[_awkins_], _second edition_, 12'o.
+    London, 1639."
+
+This was just eleven years after Buckingham met his fate at the hands of
+Felton. How long the interval between the first and this, the second
+edition, may have been, I cannot tell. Nor do I know enough of the
+politics of the time to determine whether anything can be inferred from
+the fact that the translation is dedicated to William Earl of Salisbury,
+or to warrant me in saying that these illustrations of the fate of royal
+favourites may have been brought before the English public with any view
+to the case of George Villiers. A passage, however, in Mathieu's
+dedication of the original "to the king," seems to render it not
+improbable, certainly not inapplicable:
+
+    "You (Sir) shall therein [in this history] behold, that _a
+    prince ought to be very carefull to conserve his authority
+    entire. Great ones_ [court favourites] _here may learne_, it is
+    not good to play with the generous {216} Lyon though he suffer
+    it, and that _favours are precipices for such as abuse them_."
+
+Having referred to this work of Mathieu's, I shall feel obliged to any
+of your correspondents who will favour me with a notice of it, or of the
+author.
+
+Balliolensis.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE ANTIQUITY OF SMOKING.
+
+I feel much interested in the Query of your correspondent Z.A.Z. (Vol.
+ii., p. 41.) I had a "Query" something similar, with a "Note" on it,
+lying by me for some time, which I send you as they stand.--Was not
+smoking in use in England and other countries before the introduction of
+tobacco? Whitaker says, a few days after the tower of Kirkstall Abbey
+fell, 1779, he
+
+    "Discovered imbedded in the mortar of the fallen fragments
+    several little smoking pipes, such as were used in the reign of
+    James I. for tobacco; a proof of a fact _which has not been
+    recorded_, that, prior to the introduction of that plant from
+    America, the practice of inhaling the smoke of some indigenous
+    plant or vegetable prevailed in England." (_Loidis and Elmete_.)
+
+Allowing, then, pipes to have been coeval with the erection of
+Kirkstall, we find them to have been used in England about 400 years
+before the introduction of tobacco. On the other hand, as Dr. Whitaker
+says, we find _no record_ of their being used, or of smoking being
+practised; and it is almost inconceivable that our ancestors should have
+had such a practice, without any allusion being made to it by any
+writers. As to the antiquity of smoking in Ireland, the first of Irish
+antiquaries, the learned and respected Dr. Petrie, says:
+
+    "The custom of smoking is of much greater antiquity in Ireland
+    than the introduction of tobacco into Europe. Smoking pipes made
+    of bronze are frequently found in our Irish _tumuli_, or
+    sepulchral mounds, of the most remote antiquity; and similar
+    pipes, made of baked clay, are discovered daily in all parts of
+    the island. A curious instance of the _bathos_ in sculpture,
+    which also illustrates the antiquity of this custom, occurs on
+    the monument of Donogh O'Brien, king of Thomond, who was killed
+    in 1267, and interred in the Abbey of Corcumrac, in the co. of
+    Clare, of which his family were the founders. He is represented
+    in the usual recumbent posture, with the short pipe or _dudeen_
+    of the Irish in his mouth."
+
+In the _Anthologia Hibernica_ for May 1793, vol. i. p. 352., we have
+some remarks on the antiquity of smoking "among the German and Northern
+nations," who, the writer says, "were clearly acquainted with, and
+cultivated tobacco, which they smoked through wooden and earthen tubes."
+He refers to Herod. lib. i. sec. 36.; Strabo, lib. vii. 296.; Pomp. Mela
+2, and Solinus, c. 15.
+
+Wherever we go, we see smoking so universal a practice, and people
+"taking to it so naturally," that we are inclined to believe that it was
+always so; that our first father enjoyed a quiet puff now and then;
+(that, like a poet, man "nascitur non fit" a smoker); and that the
+soothing power of this narcotic tranquillised the soul of the aquatic
+patriarch, disturbed by the roar of billows and the convulsions of
+nature, and diffused its peaceful influence over the inmates of the ark.
+Yes, we are tempted to spurn the question, When and where was smoking
+introduced? as being equal to When and where was _man_ introduced? Yet,
+as some do not consider man as a smoking animal "de natu et ab initio,"
+the question may provoke some interesting replies from your learned
+correspondents.
+
+Jarltzberg.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+SIR GREGORY NORTON, BART.
+
+I am desirous to be informed of the date and particulars of the above
+baronetcy having been created. In _The Mystery of the good old Cause
+briefly unfolded_ (1660), it is stated, at p. 26., that Sir Gregory
+Norton, Bart. (one of the king's judges), had Richmond House, situated
+in the _Old_ Park, and much of the king's goods, for an inconsiderable
+value. Sir Gregory Norton has a place also in _The Loyal Martyrology_ of
+Winstanley (1665), p. 130.; and also in _History of the King-killers_
+(1719), part 6. p. 75. It is unnecessary to refer to Noble's
+_Regicides_, he having simply copied the two preceding works. Sir
+Gregory died before the Restoration, in 1652, and escaped the vindictive
+executions which ensued, and was buried at Richmond in Surrey. There was
+a Sir _Richard_ Norton, Bart., of Rotherfield, _Hants_ (Query
+Rotherfield, _Sussex_, near Tunbridge Wells), who is mentioned by
+Sylvanus Morgan in his _Sphere of Gentry_; but he does not record a Sir
+Gregory. Nor does the latter occur in a perfect collection of the
+knights made by King James I., by J.P. (Query John Philipot?), London,
+Humphrey Moseley, 1660, 8vo. I have examined all the various works on
+extinct and dormant baronetcies ineffectually. In the _Mercurius
+Publicus_ of Thursday, 28th June, 1660, it appears that on the preceding
+Saturday the House of Commons settled the manor of Richmond, with house
+and materials, purchased by Sir Gregory Norton, Bart., on the queen
+(Henrietta Maria) as part of her jointure.
+
+D.N.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MINOR QUERIES.
+
+_City Offices._--Can any of your correspondents recommend some book
+which gives a good history of the different public offices of the city
+of London, with their duties and qualifications, and in whom the
+appointments are vested?
+
+A Citizen.
+
+
+_Harefinder, Meaning of._--Can any of your readers kindly give a
+feasible explanation of {217} phrase _harefinder_, as it occurs in _Much
+Ado about Nothing_, Act i. Sc. 1.? A reference to any similar term in a
+contemporary would be very valuable.
+
+B.
+
+
+_Saffron-bag._--Having lately read Sir E.B. Lytton's novel of _The
+Caxtons_--to which I must give a passing tribute of admiration--I have
+been a good deal puzzled, first, to ascertain the meaning, and, second,
+the origin of the _saffron-bag_ of which he speaks so much. I have asked
+many persons, and have not been able to obtain a satisfactory solution
+of my difficulty. Should you or any of your contributors be able, I wish
+you would enlighten not only me but many of my equally unlearned
+friends.
+
+W.C. Luard.
+
+
+_Bishop Berkley's successful Experiments._--I have somewhere read that
+Bishop Berkley succeeded in increasing the stature of an individual
+placed in his charge. Will any of your correspondents give me the
+details of such process, with their opinions as to the practicability of
+the scheme?
+
+F.W.
+
+
+_Portrait (Unknown)._--A very carefully painted portrait, on an oak
+panel, has been in the possession of my family for many years, and I
+should be much pleased if any of your correspondents could enable me to
+identify the personage.
+
+The figure, which is little more than a head, is nearly the size of
+life, and represents an elderly man with grey hair and a long venerable
+beard: the dress, which is but little shown, is black. At the upper part
+of the panel, on the dexter side, is a shield, bearing these
+arms:--Argent on a fess sable between three crosses patées, Or, as many
+martlets of the last. Above the shield is written "In cruce glorior." I
+have searched in vain for those arms. On the prints published by the
+Society of Antiquaries, of the funeral of Abbot Islip, is one nearly
+similar,--the field ermine on a fess between three crosses patées, as
+many martlets. The colours are not shown by the engraver. A manuscript
+ordinary, by Glover, in my possession, contains another, which is
+somewhat like that on the picture, being--Argent on a fess engrailed
+sable, bearing three crosses patées, Gules, as many martlets on the
+field. This is there ascribed to "Canon George." It is very probable
+that the gold crosses on the white field was an error of the portrait
+painter.
+
+The size of the oak panel, which is thick, is seventeen inches wide, and
+twenty-two in height. The motto is in a cursive hand, apparently of
+about the time of Edward VI.
+
+T.W.
+
+
+_Wives, Custom of Selling._--Has there ever been any foundation in law
+for the practice of selling of wives, which our neighbours the French
+persist in believing to be perfectly legal and common at the present
+day? What was the origin of the custom? An amusing series of "Notes"
+might be made, from instances in which the custom is introduced as
+characteristic of English manners, by French and other foreign writers.
+
+G.L.B.
+
+
+_Hepburn Crest and Motto._--Can some of your numerous readers give me
+the origin of the crest and motto of the family of Hepburn, namely, a
+horse argent, furnished gules, passant, and tied to a tree proper.
+Motto, "Keep Traist."
+
+I should also be glad to know the name of any book containing the
+legends, or authentic stories, relating to the heraldic bearings of
+various families?
+
+R.E.
+
+
+_Concolinel._--I have recently met with a curious manuscript which
+contains numerous tunes of the time of Queen Elizabeth, one of which is
+stated in a recent hand to be the "tune of _Concolinel_ mentioned by
+Shakspeare;" but the old index, if there was one that indicated this, is
+now missing. My reason for writing to you is to ask whether Dr.
+Rimbault, or any of your other correspondents, can refer me to any
+information that will enable me to ascertain whether my MS. really
+contains that tune. It certainly does contain several others noticed by
+Shakspeare.
+
+R.
+
+
+"_One Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church._"--Can any of your
+correspondents inform me how, or why, the word "holy" is omitted in the
+above article of the Nicene (Constantinopolitan) Creed, in all our
+Prayer-books? It is not omitted in the original Greek and Latin.
+
+J.M.W.
+
+
+_The Norfolk Dialect._--Mr. Dickens' attempt to give interest to his new
+novel by introducing this dialect would have been even more successful
+had he been more familiar with the curious peculiarities of that
+east-coast language. Many of the words are, I believe, quite peculiar to
+Norfolk and Suffolk, such as, for instance, the following:
+
+  _Mawther_, a girl, a wench.
+  _Gotsch_, a stone jug.
+  _Holl_, a dry ditch.
+  _Anan? An?_ an interrogation used when the
+  speaker does not understand a question put to him.
+  _To be muddled_, to be distressed in mind.
+  _Together_, an expletive used thus: where are
+  you going _together?_ (meaning several persons)--what
+  are you doing _together?_
+
+Perhaps some reader can explain the origin of these words.
+
+Icenus.
+
+
+_Sir John Perrot._--Sir John Perrot, governor of Ireland in the reign of
+Henry VIII., was one of the few rulers over that most unfortunate
+country who have ruled it wisely. I believe that he was beheaded in the
+reign of Elizabeth. Will any of your readers kindly inform me whether
+his life has {218} ever been published, or where I can meet with the
+best account of him?
+
+E.N.W.
+
+
+"_Antiquitas sæculi juventus mundi._"--Mr. Craik in his admirable little
+work on _Bacon; his Writings and his Philosophy_, after quoting the
+paragraph containing this fine aphoristic expression, remarks that,
+
+    "From the manner in which it is here introduced as a Latin
+    phrase, there would seen to be some reason for doubting whether
+    it be an original thought of Bacon's. It has much the appearance
+    of some aphorism or adage of the schools." (Vol. ii. p. 55.)
+
+Mr. Craik adds in a note,
+
+    "A friend, however, who, if we were to name him, would be
+    recognised as one of the first of living authorities on all
+    points connected with the history of learning and philosophy,
+    informs us that he feels certain of having never met with the
+    expression or the thought in any writer previous to Bacon."
+
+In Basil Montagu's edition of _The Advancement of Learning_ it is marked
+as a quotation. Query. Has the expression, or the thought, been traced
+to any writer previous to Bacon?
+
+J.M.B.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+REPLIES.
+
+DERIVATION OF NEWS.
+
+I have no wish to prolong the controversy on this word, in which I feel
+I, at least, have had my share. I beg room, however, for an observation
+on one or two very pertinent remarks by Mr. Singer.
+
+In the course of this argument I have seen that if _news_ were
+originally a plural noun, it might be taken for an ellipsis of
+_new-tidings_. My objection to this would be twofold. First, that the
+adjective _new_ is of too common use, and, at the same time, too general
+and vague to form an ellipsis intelligible on its first application;
+and, secondly, that the ellipsis formed of _new-tidings_ would be found
+to express no more than _tidings_, still requiring the _new_, if the
+idea of _new_ were required, as in the instance Mr. Singer cites of _new
+newes_.
+
+I would not pretend to determine whether the word were taken from the
+High German or the Dutch; but Mr. Singer's remark, that our language has
+derived scarcely anything from the former, brings back the question to
+the point from which I originally started. That there was a political
+and commercial connexion between the two countries, I suppose there can
+be no doubt and such, I imagine, never existed without leaving its marks
+on languages so near akin.
+
+Taking up Bailey's _Dictionary_ by accident a day or two ago, I turned
+to the word, which I there find as derived from Newes, _Teut_.; Bailey
+using the term _Teutonic_ for German.
+
+I think I shall express the feelings of the majority of your readers in
+saying that nothing could be more acceptable or valuable to the
+consideration of any etymological question than the remarks of Mr.
+Singer.
+
+Samuel Hickson.
+
+
+I have read with much interest the respective theories of the derivation
+of _news_, and it seems to me that Mr. Hickson's opinion must give way
+to an excellent authority in questions of this kind, Dr. Latham, who
+says,
+
+    Some say, _this news_ IS good in which case the word is
+    singular. More rarely we find the expression, _these news_ ARE
+    good; in which case the word "news" is plural. In the word
+    "news", the -_s_ (unlike the -_s_ in _alms_ and _riches_) is no
+    part of the original singular, but the sign of the plural, like
+    the -_s_ in "trees." Notwithstanding this, we cannot subtract
+    the _s_, and say "new," in the same way that we _can_ form
+    "tree" from "trees." Hence the word "news" is, in respect to its
+    original form, plural; in respect to its meaning, either
+    singular or plural, most frequently the former.--_Eng.
+    Grammar_, p. 62.
+
+The above extract will probably suffice to show the true state of the
+case, and for information on similar points I would refer your readers
+to the work from which the above extract is taken, and also to that on
+_The English Language_, by the same author.
+
+T. C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES.
+
+_Swords worn in public_ (Vol. i., p. 415.; vol. ii. p. 110.).--I am
+surprised that the curious topic suggested by the Query of J.D.A. has
+not been more satisfactorily answered. Wedsecuarf's reply (Vol. ii., p.
+110.) is short, and not quite exact. He says that "Swords ceased to be
+worn as an article of dress through the influence of Beau Nash, and were
+consequently first out of fashion at Bath;" and he quotes the authority
+of Sir Lucius O'Trigger as to "wearing no swords _there_." Now, it is, I
+believe, true that Nash endeavoured to discountenance the wearing swords
+at Bath; but it is certain that they were commonly worn twenty or thirty
+years later.
+
+Sir Lucius O'Trigger talks of Bath in 1774, near twenty years after
+Nash's reign, and, even at that time, only says that swords were "not
+worn _there_"--implying that they were worn elsewhere; and we know that
+Sheridan's own duel at Bath was a rencontre, he and his adversary,
+Mathews, both wearing swords. I remember my father's swords hung up in
+his dressing-room, and his telling me that he had worn a sword, even in
+the streets, so late as about 1779 or 1780. In a set of characteristic
+sketches of eminent persons about the year 1782, several wear swords;
+and one or two members of the House of Commons, evidently represented in
+the attitude of speaking, have swords. I have seen a picture of the Mall
+in {219} St. James's Park, of about that date, in which all the men have
+swords.
+
+I suspect they began to go out of common use about 1770 and were nearly
+left off in ordinary life in 1780; but were still occasionally worn,
+both in public and private, till the French Revolution, when they
+totally went out, except in court dress.
+
+If any of your correspondents who has access to the Museum would look
+through the prints representing out-of-doors life, from Hogarth to
+Gilray, he would probably be able to furnish you with some precise and
+amusing details on this not unimportant point in the history of manners.
+
+C.
+
+
+_Quarles' Pension_ (Vol. ii., p. 171.).--There should have been added to
+the reference there given, viz. "Vol. i., p. 201." (at which place there
+is no question as to Quarles' _pension_), another to Vol. i., p. 245.,
+where that question is raised. I think this worth noting, as "Quarles"
+does not appear in the Index, and the imperfect reference might lead
+inquirers astray. It seems very curious that the inquiry as to the
+precise meaning of Pope's couplet has as yet received no explanation.
+
+C.
+
+
+_Franz von Sickingen_ (Vol. i., p. 131.).--I regret that I cannot
+resolve the doubt of H.J.H. respecting Albert Durer's allegorical print
+of _The Knight, Death, and the Devil_, of which I have only what I
+presume is a copy or retouched plate, bearing the date 1564 on the
+tablet in the lower left-hand corner, where I suppose the mark of Albert
+Durer is placed in the original.
+
+I should, however, much doubt its being intended as a portrait of
+Sickingen, and I can trace no resemblance to the medal given by Luckius.
+I believe the conjecture originated with Bartsch, in his _Peintre
+Graveur_, vol. vii. p. 107. Schoeber, in his _Life of Durer_, p. 87.,
+supposes that it is an allegory of the nature of a soldier's life.
+
+It was this print that inspired La Motte Fouqué with the idea of his
+_Sintram_ as he thus informs us in the postscript to that singularly
+romantic tale:
+
+    "Some years since there lay among my birth-day presents a
+    beautiful engraving of Albert Durer. A harnessed knight, with an
+    oldish countenance, is riding upon his high steed, attended by
+    his dog, through a fearful valley, where fragments of rock and
+    roots of trees distort themselves into loathsome forms; and
+    poisonous weeds rankle along the ground. Evil vermin are
+    creeping along through them. Beside him Death is riding on a
+    wasted pony; from behind the form of a devil stretches over its
+    clawed arm toward him. Both horse and dog look strangely, as it
+    were infected by the hideous objects that surround them; but the
+    knight rides quietly along his way, and bears upon the tip of
+    his lance a lizard that he has already speared. A castle, with
+    its rich friendly battlements, looks over from afar, whereat the
+    desolateness of the valley penetrates yet deeper into the soul.
+    The friend who gave me this print added a letter, with a request
+    that I would explain the mysterious forms by a ballad.... I bear
+    the image with me in peace and in war, until it has now spun
+    itself out into a little romance."
+
+S.W. Singer.
+
+Mickleham Aug. 13. 1850.
+
+
+"_Noli me tangere_" (Vol. ii., p. 153.).--B.R. is informed, that one of
+the finest paintings on this subject is the altar-piece in All Souls
+College Chapel, Oxford. It is the production of Raphael Mengs, and was
+purchased for the price of three hundred guineas of Sir James Thornhill,
+who painted the figure of the founder over the altar, the ceiling, and
+the figures between the windows. There may be other paintings by earlier
+masters on so interesting subject, but none can surpass this of Raphael
+Mengs in the truthfulness of what he has here delineated. The exact size
+of the picture I do not recollect, but it cannot be less than ten feet
+high.
+
+There is a beautiful engraving of it by Sherwin.
+
+J.M.G.
+
+Worcester.
+
+
+_Dr. Bowring's Translations_ (Vol. ii. p. 152.).--Besides the
+anthologies mentioned by Jarltzberg, Dr. Bowring has published _Poets of
+the Magyars_, 8vo. London, 1830; _Specimens of Polish Poets_, 1827;
+_Servian popular Poetry_, 1827; and a _Cheskian Anthology_, 1832.
+
+H.H.W.
+
+
+"_Speak the Tongue that Shakspeare spoke_" (Vol. ii., p. 135.).--The
+lines about which X. asks, are
+
+  "We must be free or die, who speak the tongue
+  That Shakspeare spake; the faith and morals hold
+  Which Milton held," &c.
+
+They are in one of Wordsworth's glorious "Sonnets to Liberty" (the
+sixteenth), and belong to _us_, and not to the New-Englanders.
+
+G.N.
+
+
+_Countess of Desmond_ (Vol. ii., pp. 153. 186.).--In reply to K., I have
+an impression that Horace Walpole has a kind of dissertation on the _Old
+Countess of Desmond_, to whom his attention was directed by her being
+said to have danced with Richard III. Having no books at hand, I cannot
+speak positively; but if K. turns to Walpole's _Works_, he will see
+whether my memory is correct. I myself once looked, many years ago, into
+the subject, and satisfied myself that the great age attributed to _any_
+Countess of Desmond must be a fable; and that the portrait of her (I
+think, at Windsor) was so gross an imposition as to be really that of an
+old man. I made a "Note"--indeed many--of the circumstances which led me
+to this conclusion; but they are at this moment inaccessible to me. I
+venture however, now that the question is revived, to offer these vague
+suggestions. By and by, if the subject be not exhausted, I shall
+endeavour to find my "Notes," and communicate them to you. I wonder the
+{220} absurdity of the kind of death imputed to the imaginary lady did
+not reflect back a corresponding incredulity as to the length of her
+life.
+
+C.
+
+
+_Yorkshire Dales_ (Vol. ii., p. 154.).--No guide or description has been
+published that would serve as a handbook to the dales in the West Riding
+of Yorkshire between Lancashire and Westmoreland. Should A PEDESTRIAN
+wish to explore the beauties of Teesdale he will find a useful handbook
+in a little work, published anonymously in 1813, called _A Tour in
+Teesdale, including Rokeby and its Environs_. The author was Richard
+Garland, of Hull, who died several years ago.
+
+[Greek: Delta].
+
+
+_The Yorkshire Dales_ (Vol. ii., p. 154.).--In answer to a recent
+inquiry, I beg to state that a guide to the above dales is in
+preparation. It will be edited by your humble servant, illustrated by a
+well-known gentleman, and published by Mr. Effingham Wilson.
+
+J.H. DIXON.
+
+Tollington Villa, Hornsey.
+
+    [We are glad to hear that such a Guide is preparing by Mr.
+    Dixon, whose knowledge of the locality peculiarly fits him for
+    the work he has undertaken.]
+
+
+_Sir Thomas Herbert's Memoirs_ (Vol. ii., p. 140.).--The information MR.
+GATTY wishes for, he will find in Dr. Bliss's edition of the _Athenæ_,
+vol. iv. p. 18. He will perform an acceptable service to historical
+inquirers, if he will collate the printed memoir with the MS. in the
+possession of his friend, and give to the world such passages, if any,
+as have not been hitherto published.
+
+[Greek: Delta].
+
+
+_Alarum_ (Vol. ii., pp. 151. 183.).--There can be no doubt that the word
+_alarm_ (originally French) comes from the warning war-cry _à l'arme_.
+So all the French philologists agree; and the modern variance of _aux
+armes_ does not invalidate so plain an etymology. When CH. admits that
+there can be no doubt that _alarm_ and _alarum_ are identical, it seems
+to one that _cadit questio_,--that all his doubts and queries are
+answered. I will add, however, that it appears that in the words'
+original sense of an _awakening cry_, Shakspeare generally, if not
+always, spelled it _alarum_. Thus--
+
+  "Ring the _alarum_ bell!"--_Macbeth_.
+
+                     "--Murder
+  "_Alarum'd_ by his sentinel the wolf."
+  _Macbeth_.
+
+  "When she speaks, is it not an _alarum_ to love?"
+  _Othello_.
+
+  "But when he saw my _best-alarum'd_ spirits roused
+  to the encounter."--_Lear_.
+
+In all these cases _alarum_ means incitement, not _alarm_ in the
+secondary or metaphorical sense of the word, which has now become the
+ordinary one. In truth, the meanings, though of identical origin, have
+become almost contradictions: for instance, in the passage from
+_Othello_, an "alarum to love"--incitement to love--is nearly the
+reverse of what an "alarm to love" would be taken to mean.
+
+C.
+
+
+_Practice of Scalping among the Scythians, &c_. (Vol. ii., p.
+141.).--Your correspondent T.J. will find in Livy, x. 26., that the
+practice of scalping existed among the Kelts.
+
+    "Nec ante ad consules ... famam ejus cladis perlatam, quam in
+    conspectu fuere Gallorum equites pectoribus equorurn suspensa
+    gestantes capita, et lanceis infixa ovantesque moris sui
+    carmine."
+
+W.B.D.
+
+
+_Gospel Tree_ (Vol. ii., p. 56.).--In reply to W.H.B., I may mention
+that there is a "Gospel Tree" near Leamington. I do not know of one so
+called in Gloucestershire.
+
+GRIFFIN.
+
+
+_Martinet_ (Vol. ii., p. 118.).--There is no doubt the term _martinet_
+is derived from the general officer _M. de Martinet_ indicated by MR. C.
+FORBES, and who was, as Voltaire states, celebrated for having restored
+and improved the discipline and tactics of the French army; whence very
+strict officers came to be called _martinets_: but is it also from this
+restorer of discipline that the name of what we call _cat-o'-nine-tails_
+is in French _martinet_? This is rather an interesting Query,
+considering how severely our neighbours censure our use of that
+auxiliary to discipline.
+
+C.
+
+
+_"Yote" or "Yeot"_ (Vol. ii., p. 89.).--You may inform B. that _Yote_ or
+_Yeot_ is only provincial pronunciation of _Yate_ or _Gate_, a way or
+road. The channel made to conduct melted metal into the receptacle
+intended for it, is called a gate.
+
+GRIFFIN.
+
+
+_Map of London_ (Vol. ii., p. 56.).--The map of London, temp. Edw. VI.,
+in the Sutherland collection, has been recently engraved. It is of
+singular curiosity. I do not know the name of the publisher.
+
+R.
+
+
+_Wood-carving, Snow Hill_ (Vol. ii., p. 134.).--The carving alluded to
+by A.C. is, I believe, of artificial stone, and represents Æsop attended
+by a child, to whom he appears to be narrating his fables. It is or
+rather _was_, a work of some merit, and is, as A.C. observes, "worth
+preserving;" but, alas! of this there is but little chance. The house in
+question (No. 41. Skinner Street), and also the one adjoining, have been
+tenantless for many years; they belong to two old ladies, who also own
+the two deserted houses at the corner of Stamford Street, Blackfriars
+Road. It is scarcely necessary to speak of the now somewhat picturesque
+condition of the houses alluded to in either locality, for the pitiably
+dilapidated condition of them all must have been matter of remark for
+many years past to any one at all acquainted with London. {221} The
+house, 41. Skinner Street, is also worthy of remark from another
+circumstance. It was formerly occupied by William Godwin, the well-known
+author of _Caleb Williams, Political Justice_, &c. It was here he opened
+a bookseller's shop, and published his numerous juvenile works, under
+the assumed name of Edward Baldwin.
+
+E.B. PRICE.
+
+
+_Waltheof_ (Vol. ii, p. 167.).--I believe that Waltheof (or Wallef, as
+he is always styled in Doomsday Book) never appeared at the court of
+William the Conqueror in the character of an envoy; but in 1067, little
+better than six months after the first landing of the Normans, we find
+him, in conjunction with Edgar Atheling and others, accompanying the
+Conqueror in his triumphal return to Normandy, as a hostage and
+guarantee for the quiescence of his countrymen. At this period, it is
+probable he might have first become acquainted with Judith; but this
+must rest on conjecture. At all events, we have the authority of William
+of Malmsbury for saying that Waltheof's marriage did not take place
+until the year 1070, soon after his reconciliation with the king on the
+banks of the Tees. Your correspondent errs in ascribing 1070 as the date
+of Waltheof's execution; the _Saxon Chronicle_ distinctly states May
+31st, 1076, as the date of his death; while the chronicle of Mailros,
+and Florence of Worcester, assign it to the preceding year: in which
+they are followed by Augustin Thierry. T.E.L.L. has also fallen into an
+error as to the cause of Waltheof's execution, which he states arose
+from his participation in a conspiracy at York. Now the crime for which
+he was accused, and condemned (on the evidence of his wife), was his
+inviting over the Danes to the invasion of England. This was the primary
+cause; although his being present at the celebrated marriage-feast at
+Norwich was doubtless a secondary one. According to Thierry, he left two
+children by Judith.
+
+DAVID STEVENS.
+
+Godalming.
+
+
+_The Dodo_ (Vol. i., pp. 261. 410.).--I have the pleasure to supply Mr.
+Strickland with the elucidation he desires in his Query 7., by referring
+to Hyde, _Historia Religionis Vet. Persarum_, p. 312.
+
+    "Et ut de Patre (Zoroastris) conveniunt, sic inter omnes
+    convenit Matris ejus nomen fuisse Dôghdu, quod (liquescente _gh_
+    ut in vocibus Anglicis, _high_, _mighty_, &c.) apud eos
+    plerumque sonat Dôdu; nam sonus Gain in medio vocum fere
+    evanescere solet. Hocque nomen innuit quasi foecundidate ea
+    similis esset ejusdem nominis Gallinæ Indicæ, cujus Icon apud
+    Herbertum in Itinerario extat sub nomine Dodo, cujus etiam
+    exuviæ farctæ in Auditorio Anatomico Oxoniensi servantur.
+    Reliqua ex Icone dignoscantur. Plurima parit ova, unde et
+    commodum foecunditatis emblema."
+
+T.J.
+
+
+"_Under the Rose_" (Vol. i., p. 214.).--I find the three following
+derivations for this phrase in my note-book:--
+
+    I. "The expression, 'under the rose,' took its origin," says
+    Jenoway, "from the wars between the Houses of York and
+    Lancaster. The parties respectively swore by the red or the
+    white rose, and these opposite emblems were displayed as the
+    _signs of two taverns_; one of which was by the side of, and the
+    other opposite to, the Parliament House in Old Palace Yard,
+    Westminster. Here the retainers and servants of the noblemen
+    attached to the Duke of York and Henry VI. used to meet. Here
+    also, as disturbances were frequent, measures either of defence
+    or annoyance were taken, and every transaction was said to be
+    done 'under the rose;' by which expression the most profound
+    secrecy was implied."
+
+II. According to others, this term originated in the fable of Cupid
+giving the rose to Harpocrates, the god of silence, as a bribe to
+prevent him betraying the amours of Venus, and was hence adopted as the
+emblem of silence. The rose was for this reason frequently sculptured on
+the ceilings of drinking and feasting, rooms, as a warning to the guests
+that what was said in moments of conviviality should not be repeated;
+from which, what was intended to be kept secret was said to be held
+"under the rose."
+
+III. Roses were consecrated as presents from the Pope. In 1526, they
+were placed over the goals of confessionals as the symbols of secrecy.
+Hence the origin of the phrase "Under the Rose."
+
+JARLTZBERG.
+
+
+_Ergh, Er, or Argh._--Might not these words (queried by T.W., Vol. ii. p
+22.) be corruptions of "_burgh_," aspirated _wurgh_, and the aspirate
+then dropped; or might not _ark, argh_, &c., be corruptions of "_wark_:"
+thus Southwark, commonly pronounced _Southark_? I merely offer this as a
+conjecture.
+
+JARLTZBERG.
+
+
+_Royal Supporters_ (Vol. ii., p. 136.).--E.C. asks when and why the
+unicorn was introduced as one of the royal supporters. It was introduced
+by James VI. of Scotland when he ascended the throne of England, on
+account of the Scottish royal supporters being two unicorns rampant
+argent, crowned with imperial, and gorged with antique, crowns, with
+chains affixed to the latter passing between their forelegs and reflexed
+over their backs, unguled, armed, and crined, all or; the dexter one
+embracing and bearing up a banner of gold charged with the royal arms;
+the sinister, another banner azure, charged with the cross of St.
+Andrew, argent. Queen Elizabeth had used as supporters, dexter, a lion
+rampant gardant, crowned; and sinister, a dragon rampant, both or. She
+also used a lion ramp. gardant crowned, and a greyhound, both or. James
+adopted as supporters, dexter, a lion ramp. gardant, {222} crowned with
+the imperial crown, or; sinister, an unicorn argent, armed, crined,
+unguled, gorged with a coronet composed of crosses patées, and
+fleurs-de-lis, a chain affixed thereto passing between its forelegs, and
+reflexed over the back, all or. These have been used as the royal
+supporters ever since their first adoption, with but one exception, and
+that is in the seal of the Exchequer, time of Charles I., where the
+supporters are an antelope and stag, both ducally collared and chained.
+
+E.K.
+
+
+_The Frog and the Crow of Ennow_.--In answer to M. (Vol. ii., p. 136.),
+I send you the edition of "the frog and the crow" which I have been
+familiar with since childhood. I can give you no history of it, save
+that it is tolerably well known in Lancashire, and that the _point_
+consists in giving a scream over the last "oh!" which invariably, if
+well done, elicits a start even in those who are familiar with the
+rhyme, and know what to expect.
+
+  _The Frog and the Crow_.
+
+  "There was a jolly fat frog lived in the river Swimmo,
+  And there was a comely black crow lived on the
+          river Brimmo;
+  Come on shore, come on shore, said the crow to the
+          frog, and then, oh;
+  No, you'll bite me, no, you'll bite me, said the frog
+          to the crow again, oh.
+
+  "But there is sweet music on yonder green hill, oh,
+  And you shall be a dancer, a dancer in yellow,
+  All in yellow, all in yellow, said the crow to the frog,
+          and then, oh;
+  Sir, I thank you, Sir, I thank you, said the frog to
+          the crow again, oh.
+
+  "Farewell, ye little fishes, that are in the river Swimmo,
+  For I am going to be a dancer, a dancer in yellow;
+  Oh, beware, Oh, beware, said the fish to the frog
+          again, oh;
+  All in yellow, all in yellow, said the frog to the fish,
+          and then, oh.
+
+  "The frog he came a-swimming, a-swimming, to
+          land, oh,
+  And the crow, he came a-hopping to lend him his
+          hand, oh;
+  Sir, I thank you; Sir, I thank you, said the frog to
+          the crow, and then, oh;
+  Sir, you're welcome; Sir, you're welcome, said the
+          crow to the frog again, oh.
+
+  "But where is the music on yonder green hill, oh;
+  And where are the dancers, the dancers in yellow,
+  All in yellow, all in yellow? said the frog to the
+          crow, and then, oh;
+  Sir, they're here; Sir, they're here, said the crow to
+          the frog, and eat him all up, _Oh_," (screamed.)
+
+The moral is obvious, and the diction too recent for the song to have
+any great antiquity. I have never seen it in print.
+
+T.I.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MISCELLANEOUS.
+
+NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.
+
+It would, we think, be extremely difficult to find any subject upon
+which persons, otherwise well informed, were so entirely ignorant, until
+the appearance of Mrs. Jameson's _Sacred and Legendary Art_, as the one
+upon which that lady treated in those ably written and beautifully
+illustrated volumes. It seemed as if the Act of Henry VIII., which
+declared that the name and remembrance of Thomas à Becket should be
+erased from all documents, had had the effect of obliterating from all
+memories not only the often puerile, often offensive stories of the
+legend-mongers, but, with them, all remembrance of those holy men of
+old, whose piety towards God, and love for their fellow men, furnished
+example for all succeeding ages. To readers of all classes Mrs. Jameson
+opened up a new and most interesting subject: to lovers of Art almost a
+new world, from the light which her learning and criticism threw upon
+its master-pieces. What wonder is it, then, that the success of her
+_Sacred and Legendary Art_, confined as the two volumes necessarily were
+to legends of angels and archangels, evangelists and apostles, the
+Fathers, the Magdalene, the patron saints, the virgin patronesses, the
+martyrs, bishops and hermits, and the patron saints of christendom,
+should have led Mrs. Jameson to continue her labours? The first part of
+such continuation is now before us, under the title of _Legends of the
+Monastic Orders_: and most fitting it is that the three great divisions
+of the regular ecclesiastics should be thus commemorated, since of them
+Mrs. Jameson aptly remarks, that while each had a distinct vocation,
+there was one vocation common to all:--"The Benedictine Monks instituted
+schools of learning; the Augustines built noble cathedrals; the
+Mendicant Orders founded hospitals: _all_ became patrons of the Fine
+Arts on such a scale of munificence, that the protection of the most
+renowned princes has been mean and insignificant in comparison." Nor is
+this their only claim; for the earliest artists of the Middle Ages were
+monks of the Benedictine Order. "As architects, as glass painters, as
+mosaic workers, as carvers in wood and metal, they were the precursors
+of all that has since been achieved in Christian Art: and if so few of
+these admirable and gifted men are known to us individually and by name,
+it is because they worked for the honour of God and their community, not
+for profit, nor for reputation." The merits of Mrs. Jameson's first
+series were universally acknowledged. The present volume may claim as
+high a meed of praise. If possible, it exceeds its predecessors in
+literary interest, and in the beauty of the etchings and woodcuts which
+accompany it. As a handbook to the traveller who wanders through the
+treasuries of Art, it will be indispensable; while to those who are
+destined not to leave their homes it will be invaluable, for the light
+it throws upon the social condition of Europe in those ages in which the
+monastic orders had their origin. It is a volume highly suggestive both
+of Notes and Queries, and in such forms we shall take occasion to return
+to it.
+
+Messrs. Puttick and Simpson (191. Piccadilly) will commence, on Monday
+next, a four-days sale of the {223} library of the late Rev. Dr.
+Johnson, Rector of Perranuthnoe, consisting of a good collection of
+theological and miscellaneous books.
+
+We have received the following Catalogues:--John Leslie's (58. Great
+Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn) Catalogue of English and Foreign Theology,
+including several works of very rare occurrence, and forming the largest
+portion of the valuable library of the Rev. W. Maskell, M.A.; C.
+Gancia's (73. King's Road, Brighton,) Second Catalogue of a Choice
+Collection of Foreign Books, MSS., Books printed upon vellum, many of
+them great rarities, and seldom to be met with; J. Miller's (43. Chandos
+Street, Trafalgar Square,) Catalogue No. X. for 1850 of Books Old and
+New.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
+
+WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+
+
+DAVIS, T., SOME INSTRUCTIONS FOR COLLECTING AND PRESERVING PLANTS,
+ANIMALS, 8vo., London, 1798.
+
+THOMPSON'S REPORT ON THE FAUNA OF IRELAND, 8vo. London, 1844.
+
+FORBES ON THE MOLLUSCA AND RADIATA OF THE ÆGEAN SEA. 1844.
+
+WHITECHURCH'S HISPANIOLA, (A POEM), 12mo. London, 1805.
+
+RICKMAN'S ODE ON THE BLACKS, 4to. London, 1804.
+
+REEVES' HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LAW.
+
+COSTARD'S HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY, 4to. London, 1767.
+
+MUNCHHAUSEN'S TRAVELS, PLATES BY RIEPENHAUSEN, 1786.
+
+A CATALOGUE OF THE ROYAL AND NOBLE AUTHORS OF ENGLAND, 2 vols.
+Edinburgh, 1792.
+
+
+ODD VOLUMES
+
+
+JOHNSON'S LIVES OF THE POETS, 4 vols. 8vo. London, Longman, 1794. Vol.
+IV.
+
+GIBBON'S DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE, 11 vols. sm. 12mo. Tegg,
+1827. Vol. I.
+
+Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be
+sent to Mr. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.
+
+P.S.W.E. _We did not insert his reply to the Query of MATFELONESIS,
+because we do not regard a newspaper paragraph as an authority. The
+story of Lord Stair being the executioner of Charles I. is related, we
+believe, in Cecil's_ Sixty Curious Narratives, _an interesting
+compilation made by the late W. Hone, who does not, however, give his
+authorities_.
+
+J.W.H., _Downpatrick. His letter has been forwarded as he suggested.
+The_ Life of Walsh _is not in the Museum_.
+
+G.L.B. _A Translation of Count Hamilton's_ Fairy Tales _has lately been
+published by Bohn_.
+
+VOLUME THE FIRST OF NOTES AND QUERIES, _with Title-page and very copious
+Index, is now ready, price 9s. 6d., bound in cloth, and may be had, by
+order, of all Booksellers and Newsmen_.
+
+_The Monthly Part for August, being the third of Vol. II., is also now
+ready, price 1s. 3d._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE and HISTORICAL REVIEW for AUGUST contains,
+among other articles,
+
+Unpublished Anecdotes of Sir Thomas Wyatt.
+Roman Art at Cirencester (with Engravings).
+The Congress of Vienna and Prince de Ligne.
+Letter of H.R.H. the Duke of York in 1787.
+Monuments in Oxford Cathedral (with two Plates).
+Michael Drayton and his "Idea's Mirrour."
+Date of the erection of Chaucer's Tomb.
+Letters of Dr. Maitland and Mr. Stephens on The Ecclesiastical
+  History Society: with Remarks.
+The British Museum Catalogue and Mr. Panizzi.
+Reviews of Correspondence of Charles V., the Life of Southey,
+  &c., &c., Notes of the Month, Literary and Antiquarian Intelligence,
+  Historical Chronicle, and OBITUARY. Price 2s. 6d.
+
+"The Gentleman's Magazine has been revived with a degree of spirit and
+talent which promises the best assurance of its former popularity."--
+_Taunton Courier_.
+
+"A better or more valuable work for country book societies, lending
+libraries, and reading rooms, it is impossible to find within the whole
+compass of English literature. Its literary articles are peculiarly
+sound in principle, and its criticisms liberal but just; whilst its
+Obituary confers upon it a national importance. We are sure then we
+cannot do a better service to our friends, and more especially to those
+connected with institutions like those we have adverted to, than in
+recommending this work to their support."--_Nottingham Review_.
+
+NICHOLS and SON, 25. Parliament Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+NEW WORK ON MODERN GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY, BY ARNOLD AND PAUL.
+
+In 12mo., price 5s. 6d.
+
+HANDBOOK of MODERN GEOGRAPHY and HISTORY. Translated from the German of
+Pütz, by the Rev. R.B. PAUL, M.A., and edited by the Rev. T.K. ARNOLD,
+M.A.
+
+This Volume completes the series of Professor Pütz's Handbooks.
+
+RIVINGTONS, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place; Of whom may be
+had, (lately published), by the same Editors,
+
+1. HANDBOOK of ANCIENT GEOGRAPHY and HISTORY. 6s. 6d.
+
+2. HANDBOOK of MEDIÆVAL GEOGRAPHY and HISTORY. 4s. 6d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Just published, the Second Edition, with Additions, price 5s. 6d. cloth,
+
+ORNAMENTAL AND DOMESTIC
+POULTRY: THEIR HISTORY AND MANAGEMENT.
+By the Rev. EDMUND SAUL DIXON, M.A., Rector of
+Intwood with Keswick.
+
+THE BIRDS TREATED OF ARE:--
+
+Domestic Fowl in general
+The Guinea Fowl
+The Spanish Fowl
+The Speckled Dorkings
+The Cochin-China Fowl
+The Malay Fowl
+The Pheasant Malay Fowl
+The Game Fowl
+The Mute Swan
+The Canada Goose
+The Egyptian or Cape Goose
+The Musk Duck
+The Grey China Goose
+The White Fronted or Laughing Goose
+The Wigeon
+The Teal, and its congeners
+The White China Goose
+The Tame Duck
+The Domestic Goose
+The Bernicle Goose
+The Brent Goose
+The Turkey
+The Pea Fowl
+The Golden and Silver Hamburgh Fowls
+The Cuckoo Fowl
+The Blue Dun Fowl
+The Large-crested Fowl
+The Poland Fowl
+Bantam Fowls
+The Rumpless Fowl
+The Silky and Negro Fowls
+The Frizzled or Friesland Fowls.
+
+"It will be found a useful and intelligent guide to the poultry-keeper;
+while the lively and often amusing manner in which it is written, gives
+it a claim upon the attention of the general reader."--_Midland Counties
+Herald_.
+
+"This book is the best and most modern authority that can be consulted
+on the general management of poultry."--_Stirling Observer_.
+
+Published by JAMES MATTHEWS, at the Office of the GARDENERS' CHRONICLE
+AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, 5. Upper Wellington Street, Covent Garden; and
+may be ordered of any Bookseller.
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {224}
+
+JOHN MILLER'S
+CATALOGUE OF BOOKS, OLD AND NEW,
+PUBLISHED THIS DAY,
+AT 43. CHANDOS STREET, TRAFALGAR SQUARE,
+
+Contains, amongst a Great Variety of Miscellaneous Literature, Books on
+America, Art, and Banking, Curious Memoirs, Facetiæ, Wit and Humour,
+Useful Works on Geology, Mineralogy, and other popular Sciences, Books
+on Shakspeare and the Drama, Illustrated Publications, Biography,
+History, etc., with Selections in French, Italian, Spanish, and
+Cotinental Literature; also the following at the Low Prices affixed:--
+
+ASTLE and GROSE'S Antiquarian Repertory, being a Miscellaneous
+Assemblage of Topography, History, Biography, Customs and Manners,
+intended to illustrate and preserve several Valuable Remains of Old
+Times, 4 vols. royal 4to. half bound, calf, gilt, top edges gilt, nearly
+250 engravings of a highly interesting character, 2l. 15s. 1807
+
+CALMET, Dictionnaire Historique, Critique, Chronologique, Géographique,
+et Littéral de la Bible, 4 vols. folio, calf, very neat, illustrated
+with nearly 200 engravings and vignettes 2l. 2s. 1722-28
+
+CLARKE'S (Dr. E D.) Travels in Various Countries of Europe, Asia, and
+Africa, particularly Russia, Tartary, Turkey, Greece, Egypt, the Holy
+Land, and Scandinavia, 11 vols. 8vo., maps and plates, extra cloth,
+boards, (pub. 10l.) only 2l. 2s. 1827-34
+
+COOKE'S Views On the Thames, consisting of 75 picked impressions
+illustrated with about 150 additional views and drawngs, consisting of
+proofs all India paper, proofs before letters, a few coloured engravings
+and a small number of lithographs, all are the choicest and finest
+edition, by Turner, De Wint, Havell, Owens, Days, Westall, &c.,
+carefully mounted in a folio size, and prepared for binding, 3l. 15s.
+
+COWPER'S Translation of the Iliad and Odyssey of Homer into English
+Blank Verse, 4 vols. 8vo., half bound in morocco, uncut, top edges gilt,
+illustrated with a choice set of engravings by Fuseli, Stothard, Burley,
+and others, proofs before letters, 1l. 8s. 1809
+
+DIBDIN'S (T.F.) Edition of a most Pleasant, Fruitful, and Witty Work of
+the best State of a Public Weal, and of the New Isle called UTOPIA.
+written in Latin, by the Rt. Worthy and Famous SIR THOMAS MORE, Knight,
+and translated into English by RALPHE ROBINSON, A.D. 1551, a new
+edition, with copious Notes, and Biographical and Literary Introduction,
+4to. large paper, port. and cuts, scarce, 1l. 5s. 1808
+
+DODWELL'S (Col.) Classical and Topographical Tour through Greece in the
+Years 1801, 1805. and 1806, 2 vols. 4to. calf, gilt, map, and nearly 100
+fine engravings, 1l. 5s. 1819
+
+ENCYCLOPÆDIA METROPOLITANA or Universal Dictionary of Knowledge,
+projected by S.T. Coleridge, assisted by the most eminent writers of the
+day, and now complete in 26 vols. large 4to. illustrated with 600
+beautiful plates, clean and uncut, only 13l. 13s. 1845
+
+FABLIAUX ou Contes, Fables et Romans du 11ème et du 12ème Siècle,
+traduits ou extraits par Legrand d'Aussy, 5 vols. royal 8vo. half bound
+Morocco, edges uncut, numerous fine plates, interspersed with a few MS.
+notes by an eminent living author, 2l. 2s. Paris, 1829
+
+FOXE (John)--The Acts and Monuments of, a New and Complete Edition, with
+a Preliminary Dissertation by the Rev. G. Townsend, edited by the Rev.
+S.R. Catley, M.A., 8 thick vols. royal 8vo., with port. and engraved
+title-page, 2l. 2s. 1841
+
+HALL'S (Mr. and Mrs. S.C.) Ireland, its Scenery, Character, and History,
+3 vols. complete in parts, (an Early Subscriber's Copy,) illustrated
+with nearly 600 plates, choice impressions of the engravings and
+woodcuts 2l. 2s. 1843
+
+HORTICULTURAL (The) Transactions of London, from its commencement in
+1820 to 1835, with the Reports bound in a vol., forming 9 vols. royal
+4to. half bound, Morocco, top edges gilt, illustrated with numerous
+coloured plates, 3l. 13s. 6d. 1820-35
+
+HUME and SMOLLET'S History of England a New Edition, with Lives and
+Portraits of the Authors, 10 vols. 8vo. elegantly bound in sprinkled
+calf, marbled edges, richly gilt back, double lettered, 3l. 13s. 6d.
+Trade. 1841
+
+HARDING'S Shakspeare Illustrated, consisting of portraits of all the
+Eminent Characters, and Royal and Noble Personages mentioned, with Views
+of Castles, Towns, and Sundry other Antiquarian Subjects, 2 vols. in 1,
+royal 4to. half bound. morocco, extra, uncut, top edges gilt, 160 fine
+plates, with description, 1l. 5s. 1811
+
+KENILWORTH Illustrated, or the History of the Castle, Priory, and Church
+of Kenilworth, with a description of their Present State, royal 8vo.,
+half bound, crimson Morocco, uncut, top edges gilt, illustrated with
+twenty fine plates. proofs on India paper, and two beautiful drawings
+inserted, 2l. 2s. 1821
+
+LOCKE (John), The Entire Works of, handsome Library Edition, 10 vols.
+8vo., brown calf, gilt, contents lettered on each volume, good copy, 2l.
+12s. 6d. 1801
+
+NORTH BRITISH REVIEW, a Quarterly Journal, from its Conmencement in
+1844. to the end of 1849, 11 vols. 8vo., half calf, neat, adl uniform,
+2l. 12s. 6d. (published at 6l. 12s. in numbers). 1844-49
+
+PLINII Naturalis Historia ex editione Gab Brotier cum Notis et
+Interpretatione in usum Delphini. Varis Lectionibus Notis Variorum, 12
+vols. 8vo. 1l. 1s. Valpy, 1826
+
+ROBERTSON'S (Wm., D.D.)--The entire Collection of his Works, with an
+Account of his Life and Writings, by Stewart, 8vo. 12 vols. in 6,
+elegantly half bound, calf, gilt, post, 1l. 11s. 6d. 1820
+
+SALTS' Views of St. Helena, the Cape of Good Hope, India Ceylon,
+Abyssinia, and Egypt, Large atlas folio, with descriptive letterpress,
+handsomely half bound, morocco, twenty-four beautifully coloured plates,
+closely imitating water colour drawings. 2l. 18s. (pub. 15l. 15s.) 1809
+
+SCOTT'S (Sir Walter) Novels and Romances, with all his Introductions and
+Notes, 5 vols. imp. 8vo., half bound, morocco, extra, illustrated with
+nearly 200 engravings on steel by eminent artists, and a series of
+plates by George Cruikshank, 2l. 12s. 6d. 1846
+
+--Novels, Tales, and Historical Romances, from Waverley to Kenilworth,
+inclusive, 18 vols. 8vo., elegantly bound in grained calf, extra, marble
+edges, a very choice copy, 2l. 12s. 6d. 1819
+
+SHAKSPEARE'S (Mr. William) Comedies, Histories, and Tragedies, published
+according to the true originall Copies, folio, half bd. vellum, an uncut
+copy, portrait, 2l. 2s. Reprint, 1623.
+
+SHAKSPEARE, the Works of, Revised from the Best Authorities with a
+Memoir and Essay on his Genius by Barry Cornwall, and Annotations on his
+Writings by many Distinguished Writers, 3 vols. imp. 8vo., half bound
+mor., marble edges, illustrated with numerous Engravings on Wood by
+Kenny Meadows. (An Early Subscriber's Copy) 2l. 12s. 6d. 1843
+
+--The Plays of William Shakspeare, with the Corrections and
+Illustrations of Various Commentators, to which are added Notes by Dr.
+Johnson and George Stevens, 10 large vols. 8vo. half bd. mor., uncut,
+top edges gilt, fine port., 1l. 11s. 6d. 1785
+
+SOUTHEY'S (Robt., L.L.D.) History of the Peninsular War, 3 vols. 4to.,
+half calf, neat, 1l. 4s. 1832, &c.
+
+VOLTAIRE (M. de), Complete Collection des Oeuvres de, 32 vols. 12mo., in
+neat French calf binding, plates, 2l. 2s. Geneve, 1771
+
+AN ABRIDGEMENT of the Philosophical Transactions ol the Royal Societv of
+London, from its Commencement in 1665 to the year 1800. Abridged with
+Notes and Biographic Illustrations by Hutton, Shaw, and Pearson, 18
+vols. 4to., numerous plates, 1l.15s. 1809
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+JOHN MILLER, 43. CHANDOS STREET, TRAFALGAR SQUARE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New
+Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London and
+published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St.
+Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet
+Street aforesaid.--Saturday, August 31. 1850.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 44, Saturday,
+August 31, 1850, by Various
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 13426 ***
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+<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 13426 ***</div>
+
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page209" name=
+"page209"></a>{209}</span>
+<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1>
+<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS,
+ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2>
+<hr />
+<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>&mdash;CAPTAIN CUTTLE.</h3>
+<hr class="full" />
+<table summary="masthead" width="100%">
+<tr>
+<td align="left" width="25%"><b>No. 44.</b></td>
+<td align="center" width="50%"><b>SATURDAY, AUGUST 31,
+1850</b></td>
+<td align="right" width="25%"><b>Price Threepence.<br />
+Stamped Edition 4d.</b></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>CONTENTS</h2>
+<table summary="Contents" align="center">
+<tr>
+<td align="left">NOTES:</td>
+<td align="right">Page</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Gravesend Boats</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page209">209</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Notes on Cunningham's Handbook of London, by E.F.
+Rimbault</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page211">211</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Devotional Tracts belonging to Queen Katherine
+Parr, by Dr. Charlton</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page212">212</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Suggestions for cheap Books of Reference</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page213">213</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Rib, why the first Woman formed from</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page213">213</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Minor Notes:&mdash;Cinderella, or the Glass
+Slipper&mdash;Mistletoe on
+Oaks&mdash;Omnibuses&mdash;Havock&mdash;Schlegel on Church Property
+in England</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page214">214</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">QUERIES:</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">P. Mathieu's Life of Sejanus</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page215">215</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">The Antiquity of Smoking</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page216">216</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Sir Gregory Norton, Bart.</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page216">216</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Minor Queries:&mdash;City Offices&mdash;Meaning of
+Harefinder&mdash;Saffron-bag&mdash;Bishop Berkley's successful
+Experiments&mdash;Unknown Portrait&mdash;Custom of selling
+Wives&mdash;Hepburn Crest and Motto&mdash;Concolinel&mdash;"One
+Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church"&mdash;The Norfolk
+Dialect&mdash;Sir John Perrot&mdash;"Antiquitas s&aelig;culi
+juventus mundi"</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page216">216</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">REPLIES:</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Derivation of "News"</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page218">218</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Replies to Minor Queries:&mdash;Swords worn in
+Public&mdash;Quarles' Pension&mdash;Franz von Sickingen&mdash;"Noll
+me tangere"&mdash;Dr. Bowring's Translations&mdash;Countess of
+Desmond&mdash;Yorkshire Dales&mdash;Sir Thomas Herbert's
+Memoirs&mdash;Alarum&mdash;Practice of Scalping among the
+Scythian's&mdash;Gospel Tree&mdash;Martinet&mdash;"Yote" or
+"Yeot"&mdash;Map of London&mdash;Woodcarving, Snow
+Hill&mdash;Waltheof&mdash;The Dodo&mdash;"Under the
+Rose"&mdash;Ergh, Er, or Argh&mdash;Royal Supporters&mdash;The Frog
+and the Crow of Ennow</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page218">218</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">MISCELLANEOUS:</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &amp;c.</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page222">222</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Books and Odd Volumes Wanted</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page223">223</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Notices to Correspondents</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page223">223</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Advertisements</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page223">223</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>NOTES</h2>
+<h3>GRAVESEND BOATS.</h3>
+<p>While so much has been said of coaches, in the early numbers of
+"Notes and Queries" and elsewhere, very little notice has been
+taken of another mode of conveyance which has now become very
+important. I think it may amuse some of your readers to compare a
+modern Gravesend boat and passage with the account given by Daniel
+Defoe, in the year 1724: and as it is contained in what I believe
+to be one of his least known works, it may probably be new to most
+of them. In his <i>Great Law of Subordination</i>, after describing
+the malpractices of hackney coachmen, he proceeds:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"The next are the watermen; and, indeed, the insolence of these,
+though they are under some limitations too, is yet such at this
+time, that it stands in greater need than any other, of severe
+laws, and those laws being put in speedy execution.</p>
+<p>"Some years ago, one of these very people being steersman of a
+passage-boat between London and Gravesend, drown'd three-and-fifty
+people at one time. The boat was bound from Gravesend to London,
+was very full of passengers and goods, and deep loaden. The wind
+blew very hard at south-west, which being against them, obliged
+them to turn to windward, so the seamen call it, when they tack
+from side to side, to make their voyage against the wind by the
+help of the tide.</p>
+<p>"The passengers were exceedingly frighted when, in one tack
+stretching over the stream, in a place call'd Long-Reach, where the
+river is very broad, the waves broke in upon the boat, and not only
+wetted them all, but threw a great deal of water into the boat, and
+they all begg'd of the steersman or master not to venture again.
+He, sawey and impudent, mock'd them, ask'd some of the poor
+frighted women if they were afraid of going to the Devil; bid them
+say their prayers and the like, and then stood over again, as it
+were, in a jest. The storm continuing, he shipp'd a great deal of
+water that time also. By this time the rest of the watermen begun
+to perswade him, and told him, in short, that if he stood over
+again the boat would founder, for that she was a great deal the
+deeper for the water she had taken in, and one of them begg'd of
+him not to venture; he swore at the fellow, call'd him fool, bade
+him let him alone to his business, and he would warrant him; then
+used a vulgar sea-proverb, which such fellows have in their mouths,
+'Blow Devil, the more wind, the better boat.'</p>
+<p>"The fellow told him in so many words he would drown all the
+passengers, and before his face began to strip, and so did two
+more, that they might be in condition to swim for their lives. This
+extremely terrify'd the passengers, who, having a cloth or tilt
+over them, were in no condition to save their lives, so that there
+was a dreadful cry among them, and some of the men were making way
+to come at the steersman to make him by force let fly the sail and
+stand back for the shore; but before they could get to him the
+waves broke in upon the boat and carried them all to the bottom,
+none escaping but the three watermen that were prepar'd to
+swim.</p>
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page210" id=
+"page210"></a>{210}</span>
+<p>"It was but poor satisfaction for the loss of so many lives, to
+say the steersman was drown'd with them, who ought, indeed, to have
+died at the gallows, or on the wheel, for he was certainly the
+murtherer of all the rest.</p>
+<p>"I have many times pass'd between London and Gravesend with
+these fellows in their smaller boats, when I have seen them, in
+spite of the shrieks and cries of the women and the persuasions of
+the men passengers, and, indeed, as if they were the more bold by
+how much the passengers were the more afraid; I say, I have seen
+them run needless hazards, and go, as it were, within an inch of
+death, when they have been under no necessity of it, and, if not in
+contempt of the passengers, it has been in meer laziness to avoid
+their rowing; and I have been sometimes oblig'd, especially when
+there has been more men in the boat of the same mind, so that we
+have been strong enough for them, to threaten to cut their throats
+to make them hand their sails and keep under shore, not to fright
+as well as hazard the passengers when there was no need of it.</p>
+<p>"One time, being in one of these boats all alone, coming from
+London to Gravesend, the wind freshen'd and it begun to blow very
+hard after I was come about three or four mile of the way; and as I
+said above, that I always thought those fellows were the more
+venturous when their passengers were the most fearful, I resolved I
+would let this fellow alone to himself; so I lay down in the boat
+as if I was asleep, as is usual.</p>
+<p>"Just when I lay down, I called to the waterman, 'It blows hard,
+waterman,' said I; 'can you swim?' 'No, Sir,' says he. 'Nor can't
+your man swim neither?' said I. 'No, Sir,' says the servant. 'Well
+then,' says I, 'take care of yourselves, I shall shift as well as
+you, I suppose:' and so down I lay. However, I was not much
+disposed to sleep; I kept the tilt which they cover their
+passengers with open in one place, so that I could see how things
+went.</p>
+<p>"The wind was fair, but over-blow'd so much, that in those
+reaches of the river which turn'd crossway, and where the wind by
+consequence was thwart the stream, the water went very high, and we
+took so much into the boat, that I began to feel the straw which
+lay under me at the bottom was wet, so I call'd to the waterman,
+and jesting told him, they must go all hands to the pump; he
+answered, he hoped I should not be wet; 'But it's bad weather,
+master,' says he, 'we can't help it.' 'No, no,' says I, ''tis
+pretty well yet, go on.'</p>
+<p>"By and by I heard him say to himself, 'It blows very hard,' and
+every now and then he repeated it, and sometimes thus: ''Twill be a
+dirty night, 'twill be a terrible night,' and the like; still I lay
+still and said nothing.</p>
+<p>"After some time, and his bringing out several such speeches as
+above, I rous'd as if I had but just wak'd; 'Well, waterman,' says
+I, 'how d'ye go on?' 'Very indifferently,' says he; 'it blows very
+hard.' 'Ay, so it does,' says I; 'where are we?' 'A little above
+Erith,' says he; so down I lay again, and said no more for that
+time.</p>
+<p>"By and by he was at it again, 'It blows a frett of wind,' and
+'It blows very hard,' and the like; but still I said nothing. At
+last we ship'd a dash of water over the boat's head, and the spry
+of it wetted me a little, and I started up again as if I had been
+asleep; 'Waterman,' says I, 'what are you doing? what, did you ship
+a sea?' 'Ay,' says the waterman, 'and a great one too; why it blows
+a frett of wind.' 'Well, well,' says I, 'come, have a good heart;
+where are we now?' 'Almost in Gallions,' says he, 'that's a reach
+below Woolwich.'</p>
+<p>"Well, when we got into the Gallions reach, there the water was
+very rough, and I heard him say to his man, 'Jack, we'll keep the
+weather-shore aboard, for it grows dark and it blows a storm.' Ay,
+thought I, had I desir'd you to stand in under shore, you would
+have kept off in meer bravado; but I said nothing. By and by his
+mast broke, and gave a great crack, and the fellow cry'd out, 'Lord
+have mercy upon us!' I started up again, but still spoke
+cheerfully; 'What's the matter now?' says I. 'L&mdash;d, Sir,'
+say's he, 'how can you sleep? why my mast is come by the board.'
+'Well, well,' says I, 'then you must take a goose-wing.' 'A
+goose-wing! why,' says he, 'I can't carry a knot of sail, it blows
+a storm.' 'Well,' says I, 'if you can't carry any sail, you must
+drive up under shore then, you have the tide under foot:' and with
+that I lay down again. The man did as I said. A piece of his mast
+being yet standing, he made what they call a goose-wing sail, that
+is, a little piece of the sail out, just to keep the boat steddy,
+and with this we got up as high as Blackwall; the night being then
+come on and very dark, and the storm increasing, I suffer'd myself
+to be persuaded to put in there, though five or six mile short of
+London; whereas, indeed, I was resolv'd to venture no farther if
+the waterman would have done it.</p>
+<p>"When I was on shore, the man said to me, 'Master, you have been
+us'd to the sea, I don't doubt; why you can sleep in a storm
+without any concern, as if you did not value your life; I never
+carry'd one in my life that did so; why, 'twas a wonder we had not
+founder'd.' 'Why,' says I, 'friend, for that you know I left it all
+to you; I did not doubt but you would take care of yourself;' but
+after that I told him my other reason for it, the fellow smil'd,
+but own'd the thing was true, and that he was the more cautious a
+great deal, for that I took no thought about it; and I am still of
+opinion, that the less frighted and timorous their passengers are,
+the more cautious and careful the watermen are, and the least apt
+to run into danger; whereas, if their passengers appear frighted,
+then the watermen grow sawcy and audacious, show themselves
+vent'rous, and contemn the dangers which they are really exposed
+to."&mdash;p. 130.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>We are not bound to suppose that this is plain relation of
+matter of fact, any more than the <i>History of Robinson
+Crusoe</i>; but it is a graphic sketch of life and manners worth
+the notice of those who study such things. It forms at least a
+little contribution to the history of travelling in England. A
+passenger who had just landed from a Gravesend boat, to pursue his
+journey by land, might well be thankful to "be received in a coach"
+like that which had been started at York near half a century
+before.</p>
+<p class="author">Alpha.</p>
+<hr />
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page211" id=
+"page211"></a>{211}</span>
+<h3>NOTES ON THE SECOND EDITION OF MR. CUNNINGHAM'S HANDBOOK OF
+LONDON.</h3>
+<p>Mr. Cunningham's work on London is a book of such general
+interest, that the additions and corrections, which I shall
+continue from time to time to offer to your readers, will not, I
+think, be deemed impertinent or trifling. Let it not be imagined,
+for one single instant, that I wish to depreciate Mr. Cunningham's
+labours. On the contrary, his book is one of the most delightful
+publications relative to our great city which we possess. And let
+me candidly say, if I were to select only half-a-dozen volumes for
+my own reading, <i>Cunningham's Handbook of London</i> would most
+assuredly be one of that number.</p>
+<p>The quaint and learned old Fuller, in his address to the
+<i>Worthies of England</i>, says:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"The bare skeleton of time, place, and person, must be fleshed
+with some pleasant passages; and to this intent I have purposely
+interlaced (not as meat but as condiment) many stories, so that the
+reader, if he do not arise <i>religiosior</i> or <i>doctior</i>,
+with more piety or learning, at least he may depart
+<i>jucundior</i>, with more pleasure and lawful delight."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>This remark has been well understood by Mr. Cunningham, whose
+pleasant quotations, and literary and artistic recollections, have
+made his book a <i>readable</i> one to the many, and an instructive
+companion for the <i>initiated</i>.</p>
+<p>The "bare skeleton" sometimes wants "fleshing," and hence the
+following list of additions and corrections:</p>
+<p>1. <i>Dobney's</i>, or, more correctly, <i>D'Aubigney's Bowling
+Green</i>, was a celebrated place of amusement "more than sixty
+years since." It is now occupied by a group of houses called
+<i>Dobney's Place</i>, near the bottom of Penton street, and almost
+opposite to the Belvidere Tavern and Tea Gardens.</p>
+<p>2. <i>Bridge Street, Westminster.</i> The Long Wool-staple was
+on the site of this street. Henry VIII., in 1548, founded, "in the
+Long Wool-staple," St. Stephen's Hospital, for eight maimed
+soldiers, who had each a convenient room, and received an allowance
+of 5<i>l.</i> a year from the exchequer. It was removed in 1735,
+and eight almshouses rebuilt in St. Anne's Lane, bearing the
+inscription "Wool-staple Pensioners, 1741." In 1628, in the
+Overseer's books of St. Margaret's is rated in the Wool-staple
+"Orlando Gibbons ij <i>d.</i>"</p>
+<p>3. <i>Campden House, Kensington.</i> Built by Sir Baptist Hickes
+in 1612; pulled down about 1827. Nicholas Lechmere, the eminent
+lawyer, was residing here when he was created a peer.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Back in the dark, by Brompton Park,</p>
+<p>He turned up thro' the Gore,</p>
+<p>So slunk to <i>Campden House</i> so high,</p>
+<p>All in his coach and four."</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Swift's Ballad of <i>Duke and no Duke</i>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>4. <i>Finch's Grotto.</i> A place of amusement, similar to
+Vauxhall Gardens, much in vogue at the end of the last century. The
+"Grotto Gardens," as they were sometimes called, were situated
+partly in Winchester Park, or the Clink, and partly in the parish
+of St. George, Southwark.</p>
+<p>5. <i>Leicester Square.</i> Mr. Cunningham does not mention the
+fine house of Sir George Savile, in this square. It was
+subsequently Miss Linwood's <i>Exhibition of Needlework</i>; and
+has latterly been used as a concert-room, casino, &amp;c. The
+statue in the centre of the square is George I., not George II.</p>
+<p>6. <i>Thavie's Inn.</i> A small brass plate fixed up against the
+first house on the west side, has the following inscription:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Thavie's Inn, founded by John Thavie, Esquire, in the reign of
+Edward the Third; Adjudged to be extra-parochial, in the Court of
+King's Bench, Guild-hall, in the causes Fraser against the Parish
+of St. Andrew, Holborn, on the 7th day of July, 1823, and Marsden
+against the same parish, on the 17th day of October, 1826. This
+memorial of the antiquity and privileges of this inn, was erected
+during the Treasurership of Francis Paget Watson, Esq., Anno Dom.
+MDCCCXXVII."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>7. <i>Old Bailey.</i> Peter Bales, the celebrated writing master
+of Queen Elizabeth's reign, was master of a school "at the upper
+end of the <i>Old Bailey</i>" in 1590. It was here he published his
+first work, entitled, <i>The Writing School Master</i>.</p>
+<p>8. <i>Islington.</i> During the reign of James I. and Charles
+I., Islington was a favourite resort, on account of its rich
+dairies. In that part of the manor of Highbury at the lower end of
+Islington, there were, in 1611, eight inns principally supported by
+summer visitors. See <i>Nelson's History of Islington</i>, p. 38,
+4to., 1811.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"&mdash;Hogsdone, <i>Islington</i>, and Tothnam Court,</p>
+<p>For cakes and creame had then no small resort."</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Wither's <i>Britain's Remembrancer</i>, 12mo. 1628.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>9. <i>Seven Dials.</i> The Doric column with its "seven dials,"
+which once marked this locality, now "ornaments" the pleasant
+little town of Walton-on-Thames.</p>
+<p>10. <i>Mews (the King's).</i> The fore-court of the royal mews
+was used in 1829 for the exhibition of a "monstrous whale." The
+<i>building</i> (which stood upon the site of the National Gallery)
+was occupied, at the same time, by the <i>Museum of National
+Manufactures</i>. The "Museum" was removed, upon the pulling down
+of the mews, to Dr. Hunter's house in Leicester Square, and was
+finally closed upon the establishment of the <i>Royal Polytechnic
+Institution</i>.</p>
+<p>Mr. Cunningham, in his <i>Chronology</i>, says the mews was
+taken down in 1827. In the body of the book he gives the date,
+perhaps more correctly, 1830.</p>
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page212" id=
+"page212"></a>{212}</span>
+<p>11. <i>Brownlow Street, Holborn.</i> This should be "Brownlow
+Street, <i>Drury Lane</i>;" George Vertue the engraver was living
+here in 1748.</p>
+<p>12. <i>White Conduit House.</i> The anonymous author of <i>The
+Sunday Ramble</i>, 1774, has left us the following description of
+this once popular tea-gardens:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"The garden is formed into several pleasing walks, prettily
+disposed; at the end of the principal one is a painting, which
+serves to render it much larger in appearance than it really is;
+and in the middle of the garden is a round fish-pond, encompassed
+with a great number of very genteel boxes for company, curiously
+cut into the hedges, and adorned with a variety of Flemish and
+other painting; there are likewise two handsome tea-rooms, one over
+the other, as well as several inferior ones in the
+dwelling-house."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>"White Conduit Loaves" were for a long time famous, and before
+the great augmentation in the price of bread, during the
+revolutionary war with France, they formed one of the regular
+"London cries."</p>
+<p>13. <i>Vauxhall Gardens.</i> A curious and highly interesting
+description of this popular place of amusement, "a century ago,"
+was printed in 1745, under the title of <i>A Sketch of the
+Spring-Gardens, Vaux-hall, in a letter to a Noble Lord</i>, 8vo. My
+copy is much at Mr. Cunningham's service for any future edition of
+his <i>Handbook</i>.</p>
+<p class="author">Edward F. Rimbault.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>DEVOTIONAL TRACTS BELONGING TO QUEEN KATHERINE PARR.</h3>
+<p>In your Number for August 10th, I observe an inquiry regarding a
+MS. book of prayers said to have belonged to Queen Katherine Parr.
+Of the book in question I know nothing, but there has lately come
+into my possession a volume of early English printed devotional
+works, which undoubtedly has belonged to this Queen. The volume is
+a small duodecimo, bound red velvet, with gilt leaves, and it has
+had ornamental borders and clasps of some metal, as the impressions
+of these are still distinctly visible upon the velvet covering. The
+contents of this volume are as follows:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>1. "A sermon of Saint Chrysostome, wherein besyde that it is
+furnysshed with heuenly wisedome and teachinge, he wonderfully
+proueth that No man is hurted but of hym-selfe: translated into
+Englishe by the floure of lerned menne in his tyme, Thomas Lupsete,
+Londoner, 1534."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>At the bottom of this title-page is written, in the well-known
+bold hand of Katherine Parr,&mdash;"Kateryn the Quene, K.P.," with
+the equally well-known flourish beneath.</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>2. "A svvete and devovte sermon of Holy Saynet Ciprian of
+mortalitie of man. The rules of a Christian life made by Picus,
+erle of Mirandula, both translated into Englyshe by Syr Thomas
+Elyot, Knyght. Londini, Anno verbi incarnati MDXXXIX.</p>
+<p>3. "An exhortation to yonge men, &amp;c., by Thomas Lupsete,
+Londener, 1534.</p>
+<p>4. "A treatise of charitie, 1534.</p>
+<p>5. "Here be the Gathered Counsales of Sainete Isidorie, &amp;c.,
+1539.</p>
+<p>6. "A compendious and a very fruitful treatise teaching the waye
+of dyenge well, written to a frende by the floure of lerned men of
+his tyme, Thomas Lupsete, Londoner, late deceassed, on whose sowle
+Jesu have mercy. 1541."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Almost all these treatises are printed by Thomas Berthelet. I
+know not if any of these treatises are now scarce. On the fly-leaf
+opposite the first page we find the following scriptural sentences,
+which are, in my opinion, and in that of others to whom I have
+shown the book, evidently written by the hand of the queen.</p>
+<p>It will be only necessary to give the first and last of these
+sentences:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Delyte not in &THORN;e multytude of ungodly men, and haue no
+pleasure in &THORN;em, for they feare not God.</p>
+<p>"Refuse not &THORN;e prayer of one yt is in trouble, and turne
+not away thy face from the nedye."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>We need not quote more; but on the opposite side of the fly-leaf
+are some verses of a different character, and which I suspect to be
+from the royal pen of Henry VIII. The writing is uncommonly
+difficult to decypher, but it bears a strong resemblance to all
+that I have seen of Henry's handwriting. A portion of the verses,
+as far as I can make them out, are here subjoined:</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Respect.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Blush not, fayre nimphe, tho (nee?) of nobell blod,</p>
+<p>I fain avoutch it, and of manners good,</p>
+<p>Spottles in lyf, of mynd sencere and sound,</p>
+<p>In whoam a world of vertues doth abowend,</p>
+<p>And sith besyd yt ye lycens giv withall</p>
+<p>Set doughts asyd and to some sporting fall,</p>
+<p>Therefoor, suspysion, I do banyshe thee"</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>Then follows a line I cannot decypher, and at the bottom of the
+page is</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"You will be clear of my suspysion."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>Are these verses from some old poet, or are they composed as
+well as written by the royal tyrant? for no other would, I think,
+have addressed such lines to "Kateryn the Quene."</p>
+<p>I have only to add that the volume was given me by the sister of
+the late President of the English college at Valladolid, and that
+he obtained it during his residence in Spain. It is not unlikely it
+may have been carried thither by some of the English Catholics, who
+resorted to that country for education. In 1625 it seems to have
+belonged to John Sherrott.</p>
+<p>I should be glad of any information about the verses.</p>
+<p class="author">E. Charlton, M.D.</p>
+<p>Newcastle-upon-Tyne, August 18. 1850.</p>
+<hr />
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page213" id=
+"page213"></a>{213}</span>
+<h3>SUGGESTIONS FOR CHEAP BOOKS OF REFERENCE.</h3>
+<p>Although your space is generally devoted to the higher and more
+curious inquiries respecting antiquities and literature, I am sure
+you will not grudge a little room for facilitating and improving
+the means of popular information and instruction.</p>
+<p>For every man, almost in any station in society, I submit that
+the followings works for reference are indispensable, in the most
+convenient corner or shelf of his library:&mdash;1. A Biographical
+Dictionary. 2. A Gazetteer. 3. A Statistical or Commercial
+Dictionary. With works of that description the public have been
+very indifferently supplied during the last thirty years: at least,
+at the <i>moderate prices</i> calculated to bring them within the
+reach of students in humbler life, forming the great mass of
+readers. Mr. Constable, of Edinburgh, published in 1817 an abridged
+Gazetteer, price 18<i>s.</i>, but there has been no such work
+since. Mr. A.K. Johnston's <i>Geographical Dictionary</i>, at
+36<i>s.</i>, lately published, supplies to a certain class of
+readers one of the works wanted.</p>
+<p>I beg to suggest a few observations for the improvement of works
+of this description through your valuable channel.</p>
+<p>I. I submit that none of the dictionaries of reference now
+specified should be published without promise of a <i>periodical
+supplement</i> every five or seven years, containing later matter
+and intelligence. For example, how easily could this be given in
+the case of a Biographical Dictionary! Say that such a work has
+been published in 1830 (which, it is believed, is the date of
+Gorton's excellent <i>Biographical Dictionary</i>), the compiler of
+a supplement has only to collect and arrange monthly or annual
+obituaries of the common magazines since 1830 to make a good and
+useful supplemental volume.</p>
+<p>II. I would suggest to skilful authors and booksellers
+publishing Biographical Dictionaries to follow the French and
+American custom of including in them the more eminent
+<i>contemporary</i> living characters. That would add greatly to
+the use of the book; and the matter could easily be collected from
+the current Books of Peerage and Parliamentary Companions, with aid
+from the numerous magazines as to distinguished literary men.</p>
+<p>III. The supplements for Gazetteers could be easily compiled
+from the <i>parliamentary papers</i> and magazines of the day. I
+would refer particularly to the supplements published by Mr.
+McCulloch to his <i>Commercial Dictionary</i> as an example to be
+followed; while the conduct lately adopted in the new edition of
+Maunder's <i>Biographical Treasury</i> should be avoided. The old
+edition of that collection consisted of 839 pages, and it is
+believed it was <i>stereotyped</i>. A new edition, or a new issue,
+of the old 839 pages was lately published, the same as the original
+dictionary, with a supplement of 72 pages. That is not sold
+separately; so that the holders of the old edition must purchase
+the whole work a <i>second</i> time in 1850, at 10<i>s.</i>, to
+procure the supplement. The public should not encourage such a
+style of publication. Any one might publish a supplemental
+dictionary since 1836, which would equally serve with the old
+edition. This hint is particularly addressed to Mr. Charles
+Knight.</p>
+<p>These hints are offered to the publishers and encouragers of
+<i>popular</i> works for general readers, at economical prices; and
+they might be extended. For example, dictionaries of medicine for
+family use have great sale. Sometimes, it is believed, they are
+stereotyped. Why should not later practice and discoveries be
+published in a cheaper <i>supplement</i>, to preserve the value of
+the original work? Thus, in my family, I use the excellent
+<i>Cyclop&aelig;dia of Popular Medicine</i> published by Dr. Murray
+in 1842; but on looking into it for "Chloroform" and "Cod Liver
+Oil," no such articles are to be found, as they were not known in
+1842. The skilful will find many other omissions.</p>
+<p>IV. There might be a greater difficulty in constructing a
+popular commercial or statistical dictionary, at a moderate price,
+to be supplied with supplements at later intervals. But even as to
+these, there is a good model in Waterston's <i>Small Dictionary of
+Commerce</i>, published in 1844, which, with a supplement, might
+afford, for a few shillings, to give all the later information
+derived from the free-trade measures and extension of our colonies.
+Waterston's original work is advertised often for sale at
+10<i>s.</i> or 12<i>s.</i>, and a supplement at 3<i>s.</i> would
+bring it within the reach of the great bulk of readers.</p>
+<p>These suggestions are offered without the slightest intention to
+depreciate or disparage the greater and more elaborate works of Mr.
+McCulloch, and others who compile and publish works worthy of
+reference, and standards of authority among men of highest science.
+No man who can afford it would ever be without the latest edition
+(without the aid of supplements) of large works; but it is manifest
+that there has been a great neglect to supply the mass of readers
+in ordinary circumstances with books of common reference, at
+moderate prices; and I hope that some publishers of enterprise and
+sagacity will see it to be their interest to act on the advice now
+offered.</p>
+<p class="author">PHILANTHROPOS.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>RIB, WHY THE FIRST WOMAN FORMED FROM.</h3>
+<p>Allow me to request a place for the following curious and quaint
+exposition of the propriety of the selection of <i>the rib</i> as
+the material out of which our first mother Eve was formed; and the
+ingenious illustration which it is made to afford of the relation
+between wife and husband.</p>
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page214" id=
+"page214"></a>{214}</span>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Thirdly, God so ordered the matter betwixt them, that this
+adh&aelig;sion and agglutination of one to the other should be
+perpetuall. For by taking a bone from the man (who was <i>nimium
+osseus</i>, exceeded and was somewhat monstrous, by one bone too
+much) to strengthen the woman, and by putting flesh in steede
+thereof to mollifie the man, he made a sweete complexion and temper
+betwixt them, like harmony in musicke, for their amiable
+cohabitation.</p>
+<p>"Fourthly, that bone which God tooke from the man, was from out
+the midst of him. As Christ wrought saluation <i>in medio
+terr&aelig;</i>, so God made the woman <i>&egrave; medio viri</i>,
+out of the very midst of man. The <i>species</i> of the bone is
+exprest to be <i>costa</i>, a rib, a bone of the side, not of the
+head: a woman is not <i>domina</i>, the ruler; nor of any anterior
+part; she is not <i>pr&aelig;lata</i>, preferred before the man;
+nor a bone of the foote; she is not <i>serva</i>, a handmaid; nor
+of any hinder part; she is not <i>post-posita</i>, set behind the
+man: but a bone of the <i>side</i>, of a middle and indifferent
+part, to show that she is <i>socia</i>, a companion to the husband.
+For <i>qui junguntur lateribus, socii sunt</i>, they that walke
+side to side and cheeke to cheeke, walke as companions.</p>
+<p>"Fifthly, I might adde, a bone from vnder the arme, to put the
+man in remembrance of protection and defense to the woman.</p>
+<p>"Sixthly, a bone not far from his heart to put him in minde of
+dilection and loue to the woman. Lastly, a bone from the left side,
+to put the woman in minde, that by reason of her frailty and
+infirmity she standeth in need of both the one and the other from
+her husband.</p>
+<p>"To conclude my discourse, if these things be duely examined
+when man taketh a woman to wife, <i>reparat latus suum</i>, what
+doth he else but remember the maime that was sometimes made in his
+side, and desireth to repaire it? <i>Repetit costam suam</i>, he
+requireth and fetcheth back the rib that was taken from him,"
+&amp;c. &amp;c.&mdash;From pp. 28, 30, of "<i>Vitis Palatina</i>, A
+sermon appointed to be preached at Whitehall, upon Tuesday after
+the marriage of the Ladie Elizabeth, her Grace, by the B. of
+London. London: printed for John Bill, 1614."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>The marriage actually took place on the 14th of February, 1612.
+In the dedication to the Prince of Wales, afterwards Charles I.,
+the Bishop (Dr. John King) hints that he had delayed the
+publication till the full meaning of his text, which is Psalm
+xxviii. ver. 3, should have been accomplished by the birth of a
+son, an event which had been recently announced, and that, too, on
+the very day when this Psalm occurred in the course of the Church
+service.</p>
+<p>The sermon is curious, and I may hereafter trouble you with some
+notices of these "Wedding Sermons," which are evidently
+contemplated by the framers of our Liturgy, as the concluding
+homily of the office for matrimony is by the Rubric to be read "if
+there be no sermon." It is observable that the first Rubric
+especially directs that the woman shall stand on the man's left
+hand. Any notices on the subject from your correspondents would be
+acceptable.</p>
+<p>In the first series of Southey's <i>Common Place Book</i>, at
+page 226., a passage is quoted from Henry Smith's <i>Sermons</i>,
+which dwells much upon the formation of the woman from <i>the
+rib</i> of man, but not in such detail as Bishop King has done.
+Notices of the Bishop may be found in Keble's edition of
+<i>Hooker</i>, vol. ii. pp. 24, 100, 103. It appears that after his
+death it was alleged that he maintained Popish doctrines. This his
+son, Henry King, canon of St. Paul's, and Archdeacon of Colchester,
+satisfactorily disproved in a sermon at Paul's Cross, and again in
+the dedication prefixed to his "<i>Exposition upon the Lord's
+Prayer</i>," 4to., London, 1634. See Wood's <i>Athen&aelig;
+Oxon.</i>, fol. edit. vol. ii. p. 294.</p>
+<p>As for the marriage of the Princess Elizabeth, afterwards
+celebrated for her misfortunes as Queen of Bohemia, it was
+celebrated in an epithalamium by Dr. Donne, <i>Works</i>, 8vo.
+edit. vol. vi. p. 550. And in the Somer's <i>Tracts</i>, vol. iii.,
+pp. 35, 43., may be found descriptions of the "<i>shewes</i>," and
+a poem of Taylor the Water Poet, entitled "Heaven's Blessing and
+Earth's Joy," all tending to show the great contemporary interest
+which the event occasioned.</p>
+<p class="author">Balliolensis.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>MINOR NOTES</h3>
+<p><i>Cinderella, or the Glass Slipper.</i>&mdash;Two centuries ago
+furs were so rare, and therefore so highly valued, that the wearing
+of them was restricted by several sumptuary laws to kings and
+princes. Sable, in those laws called <i>vair</i>, was the subject
+of countless regulations: the exact quality permitted to be worn by
+persons of different grades, and the articles of dress to which it
+might be applied, were defined most strictly. Perrault's tale of
+<i>Cinderella</i> originally marked the dignity conferred on her by
+the fairy by her wearing a slipper of <i>vair</i>, a privilege then
+confined to the highest rank of princesses. An error of the press,
+now become inveterate, changed <i>vair</i> into <i>verre</i>, and
+the slipper of <i>sable</i> was suddenly converted into a
+<i>glass</i> slipper.</p>
+<p class="author">Jarltzberg.</p>
+<p><i>Mistletoe on Oaks.</i>&mdash;In Vol. ii., p. 163., I observed
+a citation on the extreme rarity of <i>mistletoe on oaks</i>, from
+Dr. Giles and Dr. Daubeny; and with reference to it, and to some
+remarks of Professor Henslow in the <i>Gardeners' Chronicle</i>, I
+communicated to the latter journal, last week, the fact of my
+having, at this present time, a bunch of that plant growing in
+great luxuriance on an oak aged upwards of seventy years.</p>
+<p>I beg leave to repeat it for the use of your work, and to add,
+what I previously appended as likely to be interesting to the
+arch&aelig;ologist of Wales or the Marches, that the oak bearing it
+stands about half a mile N.W. of my residence here, on the earthen
+mound of Badamscourt, once a moated <span class="pagenum"><a name=
+"page215" id="page215"></a>{215}</span> mansion of the Herberts, or
+Ab-Adams, of Beachley adjacent, and of Llanllowell.</p>
+<p class="author">George Ormerod.</p>
+<p>Sedbury Park, Chepstow.</p>
+<p><i>Omnibuses.</i>&mdash;It may be interesting to your readers at
+a future time to know when these vehicles, the use of which is
+daily extending, were introduced into this country; perhaps,
+therefore, you will allow me to state how the fact is. Mr. C.
+Knight, in his <i>Volume of Varieties</i>, p. 178., observes:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"The Omnibus was tried about 1800, with four horses and six
+wheels; but we refused to accept it in any shape till we imported
+the fashion from Paris in 1830."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>And Mr. Shillibeer, of the City Road, the inventor of the patent
+funeral carriage, in his evidence before the Board of Health on the
+general scheme for extra-mural sepulture, incidentally mentions
+that he</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Had had much experience in cheapening vehicular transit, having
+originated and established the Omnibus in
+England."&mdash;<i>Report</i>, p. 124., 8vo. ed.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p class="author">Arun.</p>
+<p><i>Havock.</i>&mdash;Havock is a term in our ancient English
+military laws: the use of it was forbidden among the soldiery by
+the army regulations of those days; so in the Ordinances des
+Batailles in the ninth year of Richard II, art. x.:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Item, que nul soit si hardi de crier havoick sur peine d'avoir
+la teste coupe."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>This was properly a punishable offence in soldiers; havock being
+the cry of mutual encouragement to general massacre, unlimited
+slaughter, that no quarter should be given, &amp;c. A tract on "The
+office of the constable and Mareshall in the tyme of Warre,"
+contained in the black book of the Admiralty, has this passage:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Also, that no man be so hardy to crye havock upon peyne that he
+that is begynner shall be deede therefore: and the remanent that
+doo the same, or follow, shall lose their horse and harneis ... and
+his body in prison at the king's will."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>And this appears to answer well to the original term, which is
+taken from the ravages committed by a troop of wild beasts, wolves,
+lions, &amp;c., falling on a flock of sheep. But some think it was
+originally a hunting term, importing the letting loose a pack of
+hounds. Shakspeare combines both senses:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Cry havock! and let slip the dogs of war."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>In a copy of Johnson's <i>Dictionary</i> before me, I find</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"HAVOCK (haroc, Sax.), waste; wide and general devastation."
+<i>Spenser</i>.</p>
+<p>"HAVOCK, <i>interj</i>, a word of encouragement to slaughter."
+<i>Shakspeare</i>.</p>
+<p>"TO HAVOCK, <i>v. a.</i>, to waste; to destroy; to lay waste."
+<i>Spenser</i>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p class="author">Jarltzberg.</p>
+<p><i>Schlegel on Church Property in England.</i>&mdash;Fr.
+Schlegel, in his <i>Philosophy of History</i>, says, p. 403., "in
+England and Sweden church property remained inviolate:" what the
+case may be in Sweden I do not know, but it appears strange that a
+man of such general knowledge as F. Schlegel should make such an
+assertion as regards England.</p>
+<p class="author">S.N.</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>QUERIES.</h2>
+<h3>P. MATHIEU'S LIFE OF SEJANUS.</h3>
+<p>In a letter from Southey to his friend Bedford, dated Nov. 11,
+1821 (<i>Life and Correspondence</i>, vol. v. p. 99.), he desires
+him to inform Gifford that</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"In a volume of tracts at Lowther, of Charles I.'s time, I found
+a life of Sejanus by P.M., by which initials some hand, apparently
+as old as the book, had written Philip Massinger. I did not read
+the tract, being too keenly in pursuit of other game; but I believe
+it had a covert aim at Buckingham. I have not his Massinger, and,
+therefore, do not know whether he is aware that this was ever
+ascribed to that author; if he is not, he will be interested in the
+circumstance, and may think it worthy of further inquiry."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>As others may be led by this hint to enter on such an inquiry, I
+would suggest that it may save much trouble if they first satisfy
+themselves that the <i>Life of Sejanus</i> by P. Mathieu may not
+have been the tract which fell in Southey's way. It is to be found
+in a volume entitled</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"<i>Unhappy Prosperity</i>, expressed in the History of
+&AElig;lius Selanus and Philippa the <i>Catanian</i>, with
+observations upon the fall of Sejanus. Lastly, Certain
+Considerations upon the life and Services of <i>Monsieur</i>
+Villeroy, translated out of the original [French] by <i>S'r T.
+H.</i>[<i>awkins</i>], <i>second edition</i>, 12'o. London,
+1639."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>This was just eleven years after Buckingham met his fate at the
+hands of Felton. How long the interval between the first and this,
+the second edition, may have been, I cannot tell. Nor do I know
+enough of the politics of the time to determine whether anything
+can be inferred from the fact that the translation is dedicated to
+William Earl of Salisbury, or to warrant me in saying that these
+illustrations of the fate of royal favourites may have been brought
+before the English public with any view to the case of George
+Villiers. A passage, however, in Mathieu's dedication of the
+original "to the king," seems to render it not improbable,
+certainly not inapplicable:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"You (Sir) shall therein [in this history] behold, that <i>a
+prince ought to be very carefull to conserve his authority entire.
+Great ones</i> [court favourites] <i>here may learne</i>, it is not
+good to play with the generous <span class="pagenum"><a name=
+"page216" id="page216"></a>{216}</span> Lyon though he suffer it,
+and that <i>favours are precipices for such as abuse them</i>."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Having referred to this work of Mathieu's, I shall feel obliged
+to any of your correspondents who will favour me with a notice of
+it, or of the author.</p>
+<p class="author">Balliolensis.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>THE ANTIQUITY OF SMOKING.</h3>
+<p>I feel much interested in the Query of your correspondent Z.A.Z.
+(Vol. ii., p. 41.) I had a "Query" something similar, with a "Note"
+on it, lying by me for some time, which I send you as they
+stand.&mdash;Was not smoking in use in England and other countries
+before the introduction of tobacco? Whitaker says, a few days after
+the tower of Kirkstall Abbey fell, 1779, he</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Discovered imbedded in the mortar of the fallen fragments
+several little smoking pipes, such as were used in the reign of
+James I. for tobacco; a proof of a fact <i>which has not been
+recorded</i>, that, prior to the introduction of that plant from
+America, the practice of inhaling the smoke of some indigenous
+plant or vegetable prevailed in England." (<i>Loidis and
+Elmete</i>.)</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Allowing, then, pipes to have been coeval with the erection of
+Kirkstall, we find them to have been used in England about 400
+years before the introduction of tobacco. On the other hand, as Dr.
+Whitaker says, we find <i>no record</i> of their being used, or of
+smoking being practised; and it is almost inconceivable that our
+ancestors should have had such a practice, without any allusion
+being made to it by any writers. As to the antiquity of smoking in
+Ireland, the first of Irish antiquaries, the learned and respected
+Dr. Petrie, says:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"The custom of smoking is of much greater antiquity in Ireland
+than the introduction of tobacco into Europe. Smoking pipes made of
+bronze are frequently found in our Irish <i>tumuli</i>, or
+sepulchral mounds, of the most remote antiquity; and similar pipes,
+made of baked clay, are discovered daily in all parts of the
+island. A curious instance of the <i>bathos</i> in sculpture, which
+also illustrates the antiquity of this custom, occurs on the
+monument of Donogh O'Brien, king of Thomond, who was killed in
+1267, and interred in the Abbey of Corcumrac, in the co. of Clare,
+of which his family were the founders. He is represented in the
+usual recumbent posture, with the short pipe or <i>dudeen</i> of
+the Irish in his mouth."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>In the <i>Anthologia Hibernica</i> for May 1793, vol. i. p.
+352., we have some remarks on the antiquity of smoking "among the
+German and Northern nations," who, the writer says, "were clearly
+acquainted with, and cultivated tobacco, which they smoked through
+wooden and earthen tubes." He refers to Herod. lib. i. sec. 36.;
+Strabo, lib. vii. 296.; Pomp. Mela 2, and Solinus, c. 15.</p>
+<p>Wherever we go, we see smoking so universal a practice, and
+people "taking to it so naturally," that we are inclined to believe
+that it was always so; that our first father enjoyed a quiet puff
+now and then; (that, like a poet, man "nascitur non fit" a smoker);
+and that the soothing power of this narcotic tranquillised the soul
+of the aquatic patriarch, disturbed by the roar of billows and the
+convulsions of nature, and diffused its peaceful influence over the
+inmates of the ark. Yes, we are tempted to spurn the question, When
+and where was smoking introduced? as being equal to When and where
+was <i>man</i> introduced? Yet, as some do not consider man as a
+smoking animal "de natu et ab initio," the question may provoke
+some interesting replies from your learned correspondents.</p>
+<p class="author">Jarltzberg.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>SIR GREGORY NORTON, BART.</h3>
+<p>I am desirous to be informed of the date and particulars of the
+above baronetcy having been created. In <i>The Mystery of the good
+old Cause briefly unfolded</i> (1660), it is stated, at p. 26.,
+that Sir Gregory Norton, Bart. (one of the king's judges), had
+Richmond House, situated in the <i>Old</i> Park, and much of the
+king's goods, for an inconsiderable value. Sir Gregory Norton has a
+place also in <i>The Loyal Martyrology</i> of Winstanley (1665), p.
+130.; and also in <i>History of the King-killers</i> (1719), part
+6. p. 75. It is unnecessary to refer to Noble's <i>Regicides</i>,
+he having simply copied the two preceding works. Sir Gregory died
+before the Restoration, in 1652, and escaped the vindictive
+executions which ensued, and was buried at Richmond in Surrey.
+There was a Sir <i>Richard</i> Norton, Bart., of Rotherfield,
+<i>Hants</i> (Query Rotherfield, <i>Sussex</i>, near Tunbridge
+Wells), who is mentioned by Sylvanus Morgan in his <i>Sphere of
+Gentry</i>; but he does not record a Sir Gregory. Nor does the
+latter occur in a perfect collection of the knights made by King
+James I., by J.P. (Query John Philipot?), London, Humphrey Moseley,
+1660, 8vo. I have examined all the various works on extinct and
+dormant baronetcies ineffectually. In the <i>Mercurius Publicus</i>
+of Thursday, 28th June, 1660, it appears that on the preceding
+Saturday the House of Commons settled the manor of Richmond, with
+house and materials, purchased by Sir Gregory Norton, Bart., on the
+queen (Henrietta Maria) as part of her jointure.</p>
+<p class="author">D.N.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>MINOR QUERIES.</h3>
+<p><i>City Offices.</i>&mdash;Can any of your correspondents
+recommend some book which gives a good history of the different
+public offices of the city of London, with their duties and
+qualifications, and in whom the appointments are vested?</p>
+<p class="author">A Citizen.</p>
+<p><i>Harefinder, Meaning of.</i>&mdash;Can any of your readers
+kindly give a feasible explanation of <span class=
+"pagenum"><a name="page217" id="page217"></a>{217}</span> phrase
+<i>harefinder</i>, as it occurs in <i>Much Ado about Nothing</i>,
+Act i. Sc. 1.? A reference to any similar term in a contemporary
+would be very valuable.</p>
+<p class="author">B.</p>
+<p><i>Saffron-bag.</i>&mdash;Having lately read Sir E.B. Lytton's
+novel of <i>The Caxtons</i>&mdash;to which I must give a passing
+tribute of admiration&mdash;I have been a good deal puzzled, first,
+to ascertain the meaning, and, second, the origin of the
+<i>saffron-bag</i> of which he speaks so much. I have asked many
+persons, and have not been able to obtain a satisfactory solution
+of my difficulty. Should you or any of your contributors be able, I
+wish you would enlighten not only me but many of my equally
+unlearned friends.</p>
+<p class="author">W.C. Luard.</p>
+<p><i>Bishop Berkley's successful Experiments.</i>&mdash;I have
+somewhere read that Bishop Berkley succeeded in increasing the
+stature of an individual placed in his charge. Will any of your
+correspondents give me the details of such process, with their
+opinions as to the practicability of the scheme?</p>
+<p class="author">F.W.</p>
+<p><i>Portrait (Unknown).</i>&mdash;A very carefully painted
+portrait, on an oak panel, has been in the possession of my family
+for many years, and I should be much pleased if any of your
+correspondents could enable me to identify the personage.</p>
+<p>The figure, which is little more than a head, is nearly the size
+of life, and represents an elderly man with grey hair and a long
+venerable beard: the dress, which is but little shown, is black. At
+the upper part of the panel, on the dexter side, is a shield,
+bearing these arms:&mdash;Argent on a fess sable between three
+crosses pat&eacute;es, Or, as many martlets of the last. Above the
+shield is written "In cruce glorior." I have searched in vain for
+those arms. On the prints published by the Society of Antiquaries,
+of the funeral of Abbot Islip, is one nearly similar,&mdash;the
+field ermine on a fess between three crosses pat&eacute;es, as many
+martlets. The colours are not shown by the engraver. A manuscript
+ordinary, by Glover, in my possession, contains another, which is
+somewhat like that on the picture, being&mdash;Argent on a fess
+engrailed sable, bearing three crosses pat&eacute;es, Gules, as
+many martlets on the field. This is there ascribed to "Canon
+George." It is very probable that the gold crosses on the white
+field was an error of the portrait painter.</p>
+<p>The size of the oak panel, which is thick, is seventeen inches
+wide, and twenty-two in height. The motto is in a cursive hand,
+apparently of about the time of Edward VI.</p>
+<p class="author">T.W.</p>
+<p><i>Wives, Custom of Selling.</i>&mdash;Has there ever been any
+foundation in law for the practice of selling of wives, which our
+neighbours the French persist in believing to be perfectly legal
+and common at the present day? What was the origin of the custom?
+An amusing series of "Notes" might be made, from instances in which
+the custom is introduced as characteristic of English manners, by
+French and other foreign writers.</p>
+<p class="author">G.L.B.</p>
+<p><i>Hepburn Crest and Motto.</i>&mdash;Can some of your numerous
+readers give me the origin of the crest and motto of the family of
+Hepburn, namely, a horse argent, furnished gules, passant, and tied
+to a tree proper. Motto, "Keep Traist."</p>
+<p>I should also be glad to know the name of any book containing
+the legends, or authentic stories, relating to the heraldic
+bearings of various families?</p>
+<p class="author">R.E.</p>
+<p><i>Concolinel.</i>&mdash;I have recently met with a curious
+manuscript which contains numerous tunes of the time of Queen
+Elizabeth, one of which is stated in a recent hand to be the "tune
+of <i>Concolinel</i> mentioned by Shakspeare;" but the old index,
+if there was one that indicated this, is now missing. My reason for
+writing to you is to ask whether Dr. Rimbault, or any of your other
+correspondents, can refer me to any information that will enable me
+to ascertain whether my MS. really contains that tune. It certainly
+does contain several others noticed by Shakspeare.</p>
+<p class="author">R.</p>
+<p>"<i>One Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church.</i>"&mdash;Can any
+of your correspondents inform me how, or why, the word "holy" is
+omitted in the above article of the Nicene (Constantinopolitan)
+Creed, in all our Prayer-books? It is not omitted in the original
+Greek and Latin.</p>
+<p class="author">J.M.W.</p>
+<p><i>The Norfolk Dialect.</i>&mdash;Mr. Dickens' attempt to give
+interest to his new novel by introducing this dialect would have
+been even more successful had he been more familiar with the
+curious peculiarities of that east-coast language. Many of the
+words are, I believe, quite peculiar to Norfolk and Suffolk, such
+as, for instance, the following:</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p><i>Mawther</i>, a girl, a wench.</p>
+<p><i>Gotsch</i>, a stone jug.</p>
+<p><i>Holl</i>, a dry ditch.</p>
+<p><i>Anan? An?</i> an interrogation used when the</p>
+<p>speaker does not understand a question put to him.</p>
+<p><i>To be muddled</i>, to be distressed in mind.</p>
+<p><i>Together</i>, an expletive used thus: where are</p>
+<p>you going <i>together?</i> (meaning several
+persons)&mdash;what</p>
+<p>are you doing <i>together?</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>Perhaps some reader can explain the origin of these words.</p>
+<p class="author">Icenus.</p>
+<p><i>Sir John Perrot.</i>&mdash;Sir John Perrot, governor of
+Ireland in the reign of Henry VIII., was one of the few rulers over
+that most unfortunate country who have ruled it wisely. I believe
+that he was beheaded in the reign of Elizabeth. Will any of your
+readers kindly inform me whether his life has <span class=
+"pagenum"><a name="page218" id="page218"></a>{218}</span> ever been
+published, or where I can meet with the best account of him?</p>
+<p class="author">E.N.W.</p>
+<p>"<i>Antiquitas s&aelig;culi juventus mundi.</i>"&mdash;Mr. Craik
+in his admirable little work on <i>Bacon; his Writings and his
+Philosophy</i>, after quoting the paragraph containing this fine
+aphoristic expression, remarks that,</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"From the manner in which it is here introduced as a Latin
+phrase, there would seen to be some reason for doubting whether it
+be an original thought of Bacon's. It has much the appearance of
+some aphorism or adage of the schools." (Vol. ii. p. 55.)</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Mr. Craik adds in a note,</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"A friend, however, who, if we were to name him, would be
+recognised as one of the first of living authorities on all points
+connected with the history of learning and philosophy, informs us
+that he feels certain of having never met with the expression or
+the thought in any writer previous to Bacon."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>In Basil Montagu's edition of <i>The Advancement of Learning</i>
+it is marked as a quotation. Query. Has the expression, or the
+thought, been traced to any writer previous to Bacon?</p>
+<p class="author">J.M.B.</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>REPLIES.</h2>
+<h3>DERIVATION OF NEWS.</h3>
+<p>I have no wish to prolong the controversy on this word, in which
+I feel I, at least, have had my share. I beg room, however, for an
+observation on one or two very pertinent remarks by Mr. Singer.</p>
+<p>In the course of this argument I have seen that if <i>news</i>
+were originally a plural noun, it might be taken for an ellipsis of
+<i>new-tidings</i>. My objection to this would be twofold. First,
+that the adjective <i>new</i> is of too common use, and, at the
+same time, too general and vague to form an ellipsis intelligible
+on its first application; and, secondly, that the ellipsis formed
+of <i>new-tidings</i> would be found to express no more than
+<i>tidings</i>, still requiring the <i>new</i>, if the idea of
+<i>new</i> were required, as in the instance Mr. Singer cites of
+<i>new newes</i>.</p>
+<p>I would not pretend to determine whether the word were taken
+from the High German or the Dutch; but Mr. Singer's remark, that
+our language has derived scarcely anything from the former, brings
+back the question to the point from which I originally started.
+That there was a political and commercial connexion between the two
+countries, I suppose there can be no doubt and such, I imagine,
+never existed without leaving its marks on languages so near
+akin.</p>
+<p>Taking up Bailey's <i>Dictionary</i> by accident a day or two
+ago, I turned to the word, which I there find as derived from
+Newes, <i>Teut</i>.; Bailey using the term <i>Teutonic</i> for
+German.</p>
+<p>I think I shall express the feelings of the majority of your
+readers in saying that nothing could be more acceptable or valuable
+to the consideration of any etymological question than the remarks
+of Mr. Singer.</p>
+<p class="author">Samuel Hickson.</p>
+<p>I have read with much interest the respective theories of the
+derivation of <i>news</i>, and it seems to me that Mr. Hickson's
+opinion must give way to an excellent authority in questions of
+this kind, Dr. Latham, who says,</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>Some say, <i>this news</i> IS good in which case the word is
+singular. More rarely we find the expression, <i>these news</i> ARE
+good; in which case the word "news" is plural. In the word "news",
+the -<i>s</i> (unlike the -<i>s</i> in <i>alms</i> and
+<i>riches</i>) is no part of the original singular, but the sign of
+the plural, like the -<i>s</i> in "trees." Notwithstanding this, we
+cannot subtract the <i>s</i>, and say "new," in the same way that
+we <i>can</i> form "tree" from "trees." Hence the word "news" is,
+in respect to its original form, plural; in respect to its meaning,
+either singular or plural, most frequently the
+former.&mdash;<i>Eng. Grammar</i>, p. 62.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>The above extract will probably suffice to show the true state
+of the case, and for information on similar points I would refer
+your readers to the work from which the above extract is taken, and
+also to that on <i>The English Language</i>, by the same
+author.</p>
+<p class="author">T. C.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES.</h3>
+<p><i>Swords worn in public</i> (Vol. i., p. 415.; vol. ii. p.
+110.).&mdash;I am surprised that the curious topic suggested by the
+Query of J.D.A. has not been more satisfactorily answered.
+Wedsecuarf's reply (Vol. ii., p. 110.) is short, and not quite
+exact. He says that "Swords ceased to be worn as an article of
+dress through the influence of Beau Nash, and were consequently
+first out of fashion at Bath;" and he quotes the authority of Sir
+Lucius O'Trigger as to "wearing no swords <i>there</i>." Now, it
+is, I believe, true that Nash endeavoured to discountenance the
+wearing swords at Bath; but it is certain that they were commonly
+worn twenty or thirty years later.</p>
+<p>Sir Lucius O'Trigger talks of Bath in 1774, near twenty years
+after Nash's reign, and, even at that time, only says that swords
+were "not worn <i>there</i>"&mdash;implying that they were worn
+elsewhere; and we know that Sheridan's own duel at Bath was a
+rencontre, he and his adversary, Mathews, both wearing swords. I
+remember my father's swords hung up in his dressing-room, and his
+telling me that he had worn a sword, even in the streets, so late
+as about 1779 or 1780. In a set of characteristic sketches of
+eminent persons about the year 1782, several wear swords; and one
+or two members of the House of Commons, evidently represented in
+the attitude of speaking, have swords. I have seen a picture of the
+Mall in <span class="pagenum"><a name="page219" id=
+"page219"></a>{219}</span> St. James's Park, of about that date, in
+which all the men have swords.</p>
+<p>I suspect they began to go out of common use about 1770 and were
+nearly left off in ordinary life in 1780; but were still
+occasionally worn, both in public and private, till the French
+Revolution, when they totally went out, except in court dress.</p>
+<p>If any of your correspondents who has access to the Museum would
+look through the prints representing out-of-doors life, from
+Hogarth to Gilray, he would probably be able to furnish you with
+some precise and amusing details on this not unimportant point in
+the history of manners.</p>
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+<p><i>Quarles' Pension</i> (Vol. ii., p. 171.).&mdash;There should
+have been added to the reference there given, viz. "Vol. i., p.
+201." (at which place there is no question as to Quarles'
+<i>pension</i>), another to Vol. i., p. 245., where that question
+is raised. I think this worth noting, as "Quarles" does not appear
+in the Index, and the imperfect reference might lead inquirers
+astray. It seems very curious that the inquiry as to the precise
+meaning of Pope's couplet has as yet received no explanation.</p>
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+<p><i>Franz von Sickingen</i> (Vol. i., p. 131.).&mdash;I regret
+that I cannot resolve the doubt of H.J.H. respecting Albert Durer's
+allegorical print of <i>The Knight, Death, and the Devil</i>, of
+which I have only what I presume is a copy or retouched plate,
+bearing the date 1564 on the tablet in the lower left-hand corner,
+where I suppose the mark of Albert Durer is placed in the
+original.</p>
+<p>I should, however, much doubt its being intended as a portrait
+of Sickingen, and I can trace no resemblance to the medal given by
+Luckius. I believe the conjecture originated with Bartsch, in his
+<i>Peintre Graveur</i>, vol. vii. p. 107. Schoeber, in his <i>Life
+of Durer</i>, p. 87., supposes that it is an allegory of the nature
+of a soldier's life.</p>
+<p>It was this print that inspired La Motte Fouqu&eacute; with the
+idea of his <i>Sintram</i> as he thus informs us in the postscript
+to that singularly romantic tale:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Some years since there lay among my birth-day presents a
+beautiful engraving of Albert Durer. A harnessed knight, with an
+oldish countenance, is riding upon his high steed, attended by his
+dog, through a fearful valley, where fragments of rock and roots of
+trees distort themselves into loathsome forms; and poisonous weeds
+rankle along the ground. Evil vermin are creeping along through
+them. Beside him Death is riding on a wasted pony; from behind the
+form of a devil stretches over its clawed arm toward him. Both
+horse and dog look strangely, as it were infected by the hideous
+objects that surround them; but the knight rides quietly along his
+way, and bears upon the tip of his lance a lizard that he has
+already speared. A castle, with its rich friendly battlements,
+looks over from afar, whereat the desolateness of the valley
+penetrates yet deeper into the soul. The friend who gave me this
+print added a letter, with a request that I would explain the
+mysterious forms by a ballad.... I bear the image with me in peace
+and in war, until it has now spun itself out into a little
+romance."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p class="author">S.W. Singer.</p>
+<p>Mickleham Aug. 13. 1850.</p>
+<p>"<i>Noli me tangere</i>" (Vol. ii., p. 153.).&mdash;B.R. is
+informed, that one of the finest paintings on this subject is the
+altar-piece in All Souls College Chapel, Oxford. It is the
+production of Raphael Mengs, and was purchased for the price of
+three hundred guineas of Sir James Thornhill, who painted the
+figure of the founder over the altar, the ceiling, and the figures
+between the windows. There may be other paintings by earlier
+masters on so interesting subject, but none can surpass this of
+Raphael Mengs in the truthfulness of what he has here delineated.
+The exact size of the picture I do not recollect, but it cannot be
+less than ten feet high.</p>
+<p>There is a beautiful engraving of it by Sherwin.</p>
+<p class="author">J.M.G.</p>
+<p>Worcester.</p>
+<p><i>Dr. Bowring's Translations</i> (Vol. ii. p.
+152.).&mdash;Besides the anthologies mentioned by Jarltzberg, Dr.
+Bowring has published <i>Poets of the Magyars</i>, 8vo. London,
+1830; <i>Specimens of Polish Poets</i>, 1827; <i>Servian popular
+Poetry</i>, 1827; and a <i>Cheskian Anthology</i>, 1832.</p>
+<p class="author">H.H.W.</p>
+<p>"<i>Speak the Tongue that Shakspeare spoke</i>" (Vol. ii., p.
+135.).&mdash;The lines about which X. asks, are</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"We must be free or die, who speak the tongue</p>
+<p>That Shakspeare spake; the faith and morals hold</p>
+<p>Which Milton held," &amp;c.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>They are in one of Wordsworth's glorious "Sonnets to Liberty"
+(the sixteenth), and belong to <i>us</i>, and not to the
+New-Englanders.</p>
+<p class="author">G.N.</p>
+<p><i>Countess of Desmond</i> (Vol. ii., pp. 153. 186.).&mdash;In
+reply to K., I have an impression that Horace Walpole has a kind of
+dissertation on the <i>Old Countess of Desmond</i>, to whom his
+attention was directed by her being said to have danced with
+Richard III. Having no books at hand, I cannot speak positively;
+but if K. turns to Walpole's <i>Works</i>, he will see whether my
+memory is correct. I myself once looked, many years ago, into the
+subject, and satisfied myself that the great age attributed to
+<i>any</i> Countess of Desmond must be a fable; and that the
+portrait of her (I think, at Windsor) was so gross an imposition as
+to be really that of an old man. I made a "Note"&mdash;indeed
+many&mdash;of the circumstances which led me to this conclusion;
+but they are at this moment inaccessible to me. I venture however,
+now that the question is revived, to offer these vague suggestions.
+By and by, if the subject be not exhausted, I shall endeavour to
+find my "Notes," and communicate them to you. I wonder the
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page220" id=
+"page220"></a>{220}</span> absurdity of the kind of death imputed
+to the imaginary lady did not reflect back a corresponding
+incredulity as to the length of her life.</p>
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+<p><i>Yorkshire Dales</i> (Vol. ii., p. 154.).&mdash;No guide or
+description has been published that would serve as a handbook to
+the dales in the West Riding of Yorkshire between Lancashire and
+Westmoreland. Should A PEDESTRIAN wish to explore the beauties of
+Teesdale he will find a useful handbook in a little work, published
+anonymously in 1813, called <i>A Tour in Teesdale, including Rokeby
+and its Environs</i>. The author was Richard Garland, of Hull, who
+died several years ago.</p>
+<p class="author">&Delta;.</p>
+<p><i>The Yorkshire Dales</i> (Vol. ii., p. 154.).&mdash;In answer
+to a recent inquiry, I beg to state that a guide to the above dales
+is in preparation. It will be edited by your humble servant,
+illustrated by a well-known gentleman, and published by Mr.
+Effingham Wilson.</p>
+<p class="author">J.H. DIXON.</p>
+<p>Tollington Villa, Hornsey.</p>
+<p class="note">[We are glad to hear that such a Guide is preparing
+by Mr. Dixon, whose knowledge of the locality peculiarly fits him
+for the work he has undertaken.]</p>
+<p><i>Sir Thomas Herbert's Memoirs</i> (Vol. ii., p.
+140.).&mdash;The information MR. GATTY wishes for, he will find in
+Dr. Bliss's edition of the <i>Athen&aelig;</i>, vol. iv. p. 18. He
+will perform an acceptable service to historical inquirers, if he
+will collate the printed memoir with the MS. in the possession of
+his friend, and give to the world such passages, if any, as have
+not been hitherto published.</p>
+<p class="author">&Delta;.</p>
+<p><i>Alarum</i> (Vol. ii., pp. 151. 183.).&mdash;There can be no
+doubt that the word <i>alarm</i> (originally French) comes from the
+warning war-cry <i>&agrave; l'arme</i>. So all the French
+philologists agree; and the modern variance of <i>aux armes</i>
+does not invalidate so plain an etymology. When CH. admits that
+there can be no doubt that <i>alarm</i> and <i>alarum</i> are
+identical, it seems to one that <i>cadit questio</i>,&mdash;that
+all his doubts and queries are answered. I will add, however, that
+it appears that in the words' original sense of an <i>awakening
+cry</i>, Shakspeare generally, if not always, spelled it
+<i>alarum</i>. Thus&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Ring the <i>alarum</i> bell!"&mdash;<i>Macbeth</i>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i10">"&mdash;Murder</p>
+<p>"<i>Alarum'd</i> by his sentinel the wolf."</p>
+<p><i>Macbeth</i>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"When she speaks, is it not an <i>alarum</i> to love?"</p>
+<p><i>Othello</i>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"But when he saw my <i>best-alarum'd</i> spirits roused</p>
+<p>to the encounter."&mdash;<i>Lear</i>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>In all these cases <i>alarum</i> means incitement, not
+<i>alarm</i> in the secondary or metaphorical sense of the word,
+which has now become the ordinary one. In truth, the meanings,
+though of identical origin, have become almost contradictions: for
+instance, in the passage from <i>Othello</i>, an "alarum to
+love"&mdash;incitement to love&mdash;is nearly the reverse of what
+an "alarm to love" would be taken to mean.</p>
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+<p><i>Practice of Scalping among the Scythians, &amp;c</i>. (Vol.
+ii., p. 141.).&mdash;Your correspondent T.J. will find in Livy, x.
+26., that the practice of scalping existed among the Kelts.</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Nec ante ad consules ... famam ejus cladis perlatam, quam in
+conspectu fuere Gallorum equites pectoribus equorurn suspensa
+gestantes capita, et lanceis infixa ovantesque moris sui
+carmine."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p class="author">W.B.D.</p>
+<p><i>Gospel Tree</i> (Vol. ii., p. 56.).&mdash;In reply to W.H.B.,
+I may mention that there is a "Gospel Tree" near Leamington. I do
+not know of one so called in Gloucestershire.</p>
+<p class="author">GRIFFIN.</p>
+<p><i>Martinet</i> (Vol. ii., p. 118.).&mdash;There is no doubt the
+term <i>martinet</i> is derived from the general officer <i>M. de
+Martinet</i> indicated by MR. C. FORBES, and who was, as Voltaire
+states, celebrated for having restored and improved the discipline
+and tactics of the French army; whence very strict officers came to
+be called <i>martinets</i>: but is it also from this restorer of
+discipline that the name of what we call <i>cat-o'-nine-tails</i>
+is in French <i>martinet</i>? This is rather an interesting Query,
+considering how severely our neighbours censure our use of that
+auxiliary to discipline.</p>
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+<p><i>"Yote" or "Yeot"</i> (Vol. ii., p. 89.).&mdash;You may inform
+B. that <i>Yote</i> or <i>Yeot</i> is only provincial pronunciation
+of <i>Yate</i> or <i>Gate</i>, a way or road. The channel made to
+conduct melted metal into the receptacle intended for it, is called
+a gate.</p>
+<p class="author">GRIFFIN.</p>
+<p><i>Map of London</i> (Vol. ii., p. 56.).&mdash;The map of
+London, temp. Edw. VI., in the Sutherland collection, has been
+recently engraved. It is of singular curiosity. I do not know the
+name of the publisher.</p>
+<p class="author">R.</p>
+<p><i>Wood-carving, Snow Hill</i> (Vol. ii., p. 134.).&mdash;The
+carving alluded to by A.C. is, I believe, of artificial stone, and
+represents &AElig;sop attended by a child, to whom he appears to be
+narrating his fables. It is or rather <i>was</i>, a work of some
+merit, and is, as A.C. observes, "worth preserving;" but, alas! of
+this there is but little chance. The house in question (No. 41.
+Skinner Street), and also the one adjoining, have been tenantless
+for many years; they belong to two old ladies, who also own the two
+deserted houses at the corner of Stamford Street, Blackfriars Road.
+It is scarcely necessary to speak of the now somewhat picturesque
+condition of the houses alluded to in either locality, for the
+pitiably dilapidated condition of them all must have been matter of
+remark for many years past to any one at all acquainted with
+London. <span class="pagenum"><a name="page221" id=
+"page221"></a>{221}</span> The house, 41. Skinner Street, is also
+worthy of remark from another circumstance. It was formerly
+occupied by William Godwin, the well-known author of <i>Caleb
+Williams, Political Justice</i>, &amp;c. It was here he opened a
+bookseller's shop, and published his numerous juvenile works, under
+the assumed name of Edward Baldwin.</p>
+<p class="author">E.B. PRICE.</p>
+<p><i>Waltheof</i> (Vol. ii, p. 167.).&mdash;I believe that
+Waltheof (or Wallef, as he is always styled in Doomsday Book) never
+appeared at the court of William the Conqueror in the character of
+an envoy; but in 1067, little better than six months after the
+first landing of the Normans, we find him, in conjunction with
+Edgar Atheling and others, accompanying the Conqueror in his
+triumphal return to Normandy, as a hostage and guarantee for the
+quiescence of his countrymen. At this period, it is probable he
+might have first become acquainted with Judith; but this must rest
+on conjecture. At all events, we have the authority of William of
+Malmsbury for saying that Waltheof's marriage did not take place
+until the year 1070, soon after his reconciliation with the king on
+the banks of the Tees. Your correspondent errs in ascribing 1070 as
+the date of Waltheof's execution; the <i>Saxon Chronicle</i>
+distinctly states May 31st, 1076, as the date of his death; while
+the chronicle of Mailros, and Florence of Worcester, assign it to
+the preceding year: in which they are followed by Augustin Thierry.
+T.E.L.L. has also fallen into an error as to the cause of
+Waltheof's execution, which he states arose from his participation
+in a conspiracy at York. Now the crime for which he was accused,
+and condemned (on the evidence of his wife), was his inviting over
+the Danes to the invasion of England. This was the primary cause;
+although his being present at the celebrated marriage-feast at
+Norwich was doubtless a secondary one. According to Thierry, he
+left two children by Judith.</p>
+<p class="author">DAVID STEVENS.</p>
+<p>Godalming.</p>
+<p><i>The Dodo</i> (Vol. i., pp. 261. 410.).&mdash;I have the
+pleasure to supply Mr. Strickland with the elucidation he desires
+in his Query 7., by referring to Hyde, <i>Historia Religionis Vet.
+Persarum</i>, p. 312.</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Et ut de Patre (Zoroastris) conveniunt, sic inter omnes
+convenit Matris ejus nomen fuisse D&ocirc;ghdu, quod (liquescente
+<i>gh</i> ut in vocibus Anglicis, <i>high</i>, <i>mighty</i>,
+&amp;c.) apud eos plerumque sonat D&ocirc;du; nam sonus Gain in
+medio vocum fere evanescere solet. Hocque nomen innuit quasi
+foecundidate ea similis esset ejusdem nominis Gallin&aelig;
+Indic&aelig;, cujus Icon apud Herbertum in Itinerario extat sub
+nomine Dodo, cujus etiam exuvi&aelig; farct&aelig; in Auditorio
+Anatomico Oxoniensi servantur. Reliqua ex Icone dignoscantur.
+Plurima parit ova, unde et commodum foecunditatis emblema."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p class="author">T.J.</p>
+<p>"<i>Under the Rose</i>" (Vol. i., p. 214.).&mdash;I find the
+three following derivations for this phrase in my
+note-book:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>I. "The expression, 'under the rose,' took its origin," says
+Jenoway, "from the wars between the Houses of York and Lancaster.
+The parties respectively swore by the red or the white rose, and
+these opposite emblems were displayed as the <i>signs of two
+taverns</i>; one of which was by the side of, and the other
+opposite to, the Parliament House in Old Palace Yard, Westminster.
+Here the retainers and servants of the noblemen attached to the
+Duke of York and Henry VI. used to meet. Here also, as disturbances
+were frequent, measures either of defence or annoyance were taken,
+and every transaction was said to be done 'under the rose;' by
+which expression the most profound secrecy was implied."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>II. According to others, this term originated in the fable of
+Cupid giving the rose to Harpocrates, the god of silence, as a
+bribe to prevent him betraying the amours of Venus, and was hence
+adopted as the emblem of silence. The rose was for this reason
+frequently sculptured on the ceilings of drinking and feasting,
+rooms, as a warning to the guests that what was said in moments of
+conviviality should not be repeated; from which, what was intended
+to be kept secret was said to be held "under the rose."</p>
+<p>III. Roses were consecrated as presents from the Pope. In 1526,
+they were placed over the goals of confessionals as the symbols of
+secrecy. Hence the origin of the phrase "Under the Rose."</p>
+<p class="author">JARLTZBERG.</p>
+<p><i>Ergh, Er, or Argh.</i>&mdash;Might not these words (queried
+by T.W., Vol. ii. p 22.) be corruptions of "<i>burgh</i>,"
+aspirated <i>wurgh</i>, and the aspirate then dropped; or might not
+<i>ark, argh</i>, &amp;c., be corruptions of "<i>wark</i>:" thus
+Southwark, commonly pronounced <i>Southark</i>? I merely offer this
+as a conjecture.</p>
+<p class="author">JARLTZBERG.</p>
+<p><i>Royal Supporters</i> (Vol. ii., p. 136.).&mdash;E.C. asks
+when and why the unicorn was introduced as one of the royal
+supporters. It was introduced by James VI. of Scotland when he
+ascended the throne of England, on account of the Scottish royal
+supporters being two unicorns rampant argent, crowned with
+imperial, and gorged with antique, crowns, with chains affixed to
+the latter passing between their forelegs and reflexed over their
+backs, unguled, armed, and crined, all or; the dexter one embracing
+and bearing up a banner of gold charged with the royal arms; the
+sinister, another banner azure, charged with the cross of St.
+Andrew, argent. Queen Elizabeth had used as supporters, dexter, a
+lion rampant gardant, crowned; and sinister, a dragon rampant, both
+or. She also used a lion ramp. gardant crowned, and a greyhound,
+both or. James adopted as supporters, dexter, a lion ramp. gardant,
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page222" id=
+"page222"></a>{222}</span> crowned with the imperial crown, or;
+sinister, an unicorn argent, armed, crined, unguled, gorged with a
+coronet composed of crosses pat&eacute;es, and fleurs-de-lis, a
+chain affixed thereto passing between its forelegs, and reflexed
+over the back, all or. These have been used as the royal supporters
+ever since their first adoption, with but one exception, and that
+is in the seal of the Exchequer, time of Charles I., where the
+supporters are an antelope and stag, both ducally collared and
+chained.</p>
+<p class="author">E.K.</p>
+<p><i>The Frog and the Crow of Ennow</i>.&mdash;In answer to M.
+(Vol. ii., p. 136.), I send you the edition of "the frog and the
+crow" which I have been familiar with since childhood. I can give
+you no history of it, save that it is tolerably well known in
+Lancashire, and that the <i>point</i> consists in giving a scream
+over the last "oh!" which invariably, if well done, elicits a start
+even in those who are familiar with the rhyme, and know what to
+expect.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p><i>The Frog and the Crow</i>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"There was a jolly fat frog lived in the river Swimmo,</p>
+<p>And there was a comely black crow lived on the</p>
+<p class="i8">river Brimmo;</p>
+<p>Come on shore, come on shore, said the crow to the</p>
+<p class="i8">frog, and then, oh;</p>
+<p>No, you'll bite me, no, you'll bite me, said the frog</p>
+<p class="i8">to the crow again, oh.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"But there is sweet music on yonder green hill, oh,</p>
+<p>And you shall be a dancer, a dancer in yellow,</p>
+<p>All in yellow, all in yellow, said the crow to the frog,</p>
+<p class="i8">and then, oh;</p>
+<p>Sir, I thank you, Sir, I thank you, said the frog to</p>
+<p class="i8">the crow again, oh.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Farewell, ye little fishes, that are in the river Swimmo,</p>
+<p>For I am going to be a dancer, a dancer in yellow;</p>
+<p>Oh, beware, Oh, beware, said the fish to the frog</p>
+<p class="i8">again, oh;</p>
+<p>All in yellow, all in yellow, said the frog to the fish,</p>
+<p class="i8">and then, oh.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"The frog he came a-swimming, a-swimming, to</p>
+<p class="i8">land, oh,</p>
+<p>And the crow, he came a-hopping to lend him his</p>
+<p class="i8">hand, oh;</p>
+<p>Sir, I thank you; Sir, I thank you, said the frog to</p>
+<p class="i8">the crow, and then, oh;</p>
+<p>Sir, you're welcome; Sir, you're welcome, said the</p>
+<p class="i8">crow to the frog again, oh.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"But where is the music on yonder green hill, oh;</p>
+<p>And where are the dancers, the dancers in yellow,</p>
+<p>All in yellow, all in yellow? said the frog to the</p>
+<p class="i8">crow, and then, oh;</p>
+<p>Sir, they're here; Sir, they're here, said the crow to</p>
+<p class="i8">the frog, and eat him all up, <i>Oh</i>,"
+(screamed.)</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>The moral is obvious, and the diction too recent for the song to
+have any great antiquity. I have never seen it in print.</p>
+<p class="author">T.I.</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>MISCELLANEOUS.</h2>
+<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.</h3>
+<p>It would, we think, be extremely difficult to find any subject
+upon which persons, otherwise well informed, were so entirely
+ignorant, until the appearance of Mrs. Jameson's <i>Sacred and
+Legendary Art</i>, as the one upon which that lady treated in those
+ably written and beautifully illustrated volumes. It seemed as if
+the Act of Henry VIII., which declared that the name and
+remembrance of Thomas &agrave; Becket should be erased from all
+documents, had had the effect of obliterating from all memories not
+only the often puerile, often offensive stories of the
+legend-mongers, but, with them, all remembrance of those holy men
+of old, whose piety towards God, and love for their fellow men,
+furnished example for all succeeding ages. To readers of all
+classes Mrs. Jameson opened up a new and most interesting subject:
+to lovers of Art almost a new world, from the light which her
+learning and criticism threw upon its master-pieces. What wonder is
+it, then, that the success of her <i>Sacred and Legendary Art</i>,
+confined as the two volumes necessarily were to legends of angels
+and archangels, evangelists and apostles, the Fathers, the
+Magdalene, the patron saints, the virgin patronesses, the martyrs,
+bishops and hermits, and the patron saints of christendom, should
+have led Mrs. Jameson to continue her labours? The first part of
+such continuation is now before us, under the title of <i>Legends
+of the Monastic Orders</i>: and most fitting it is that the three
+great divisions of the regular ecclesiastics should be thus
+commemorated, since of them Mrs. Jameson aptly remarks, that while
+each had a distinct vocation, there was one vocation common to
+all:&mdash;"The Benedictine Monks instituted schools of learning;
+the Augustines built noble cathedrals; the Mendicant Orders founded
+hospitals: <i>all</i> became patrons of the Fine Arts on such a
+scale of munificence, that the protection of the most renowned
+princes has been mean and insignificant in comparison." Nor is this
+their only claim; for the earliest artists of the Middle Ages were
+monks of the Benedictine Order. "As architects, as glass painters,
+as mosaic workers, as carvers in wood and metal, they were the
+precursors of all that has since been achieved in Christian Art:
+and if so few of these admirable and gifted men are known to us
+individually and by name, it is because they worked for the honour
+of God and their community, not for profit, nor for reputation."
+The merits of Mrs. Jameson's first series were universally
+acknowledged. The present volume may claim as high a meed of
+praise. If possible, it exceeds its predecessors in literary
+interest, and in the beauty of the etchings and woodcuts which
+accompany it. As a handbook to the traveller who wanders through
+the treasuries of Art, it will be indispensable; while to those who
+are destined not to leave their homes it will be invaluable, for
+the light it throws upon the social condition of Europe in those
+ages in which the monastic orders had their origin. It is a volume
+highly suggestive both of Notes and Queries, and in such forms we
+shall take occasion to return to it.</p>
+<p>Messrs. Puttick and Simpson (191. Piccadilly) will commence, on
+Monday next, a four-days sale of the <span class="pagenum"><a name=
+"page223" id="page223"></a>{223}</span> library of the late Rev.
+Dr. Johnson, Rector of Perranuthnoe, consisting of a good
+collection of theological and miscellaneous books.</p>
+<p>We have received the following Catalogues:&mdash;John Leslie's
+(58. Great Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn) Catalogue of English and
+Foreign Theology, including several works of very rare occurrence,
+and forming the largest portion of the valuable library of the Rev.
+W. Maskell, M.A.; C. Gancia's (73. King's Road, Brighton,) Second
+Catalogue of a Choice Collection of Foreign Books, MSS., Books
+printed upon vellum, many of them great rarities, and seldom to be
+met with; J. Miller's (43. Chandos Street, Trafalgar Square,)
+Catalogue No. X. for 1850 of Books Old and New.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES</h3>
+<h4>WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h4>
+<p>DAVIS, T., SOME INSTRUCTIONS FOR COLLECTING AND PRESERVING
+PLANTS, ANIMALS, 8vo., London, 1798.</p>
+<p>THOMPSON'S REPORT ON THE FAUNA OF IRELAND, 8vo. London,
+1844.</p>
+<p>FORBES ON THE MOLLUSCA AND RADIATA OF THE &AElig;GEAN SEA.
+1844.</p>
+<p>WHITECHURCH'S HISPANIOLA, (A POEM), 12mo. London, 1805.</p>
+<p>RICKMAN'S ODE ON THE BLACKS, 4to. London, 1804.</p>
+<p>REEVES' HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LAW.</p>
+<p>COSTARD'S HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY, 4to. London, 1767.</p>
+<p>MUNCHHAUSEN'S TRAVELS, PLATES BY RIEPENHAUSEN, 1786.</p>
+<p>A CATALOGUE OF THE ROYAL AND NOBLE AUTHORS OF ENGLAND, 2 vols.
+Edinburgh, 1792.</p>
+<h4>ODD VOLUMES</h4>
+<p>JOHNSON'S LIVES OF THE POETS, 4 vols. 8vo. London, Longman,
+1794. Vol. IV.</p>
+<p>GIBBON'S DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE, 11 vols. sm.
+12mo. Tegg, 1827. Vol. I.</p>
+<p>Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage
+free</i>, to be sent to Mr. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES,"
+186. Fleet Street.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.</h3>
+<p>P.S.W.E. <i>We did not insert his reply to the Query of
+MATFELONESIS, because we do not regard a newspaper paragraph as an
+authority. The story of Lord Stair being the executioner of Charles
+I. is related, we believe, in Cecil's</i> Sixty Curious Narratives,
+<i>an interesting compilation made by the late W. Hone, who does
+not, however, give his authorities</i>.</p>
+<p>J.W.H., <i>Downpatrick. His letter has been forwarded as he
+suggested. The</i> Life of Walsh <i>is not in the Museum</i>.</p>
+<p>G.L.B. <i>A Translation of Count Hamilton's</i> Fairy Tales
+<i>has lately been published by Bohn</i>.</p>
+<p>VOLUME THE FIRST OF NOTES AND QUERIES, <i>with Title-page and
+very copious Index, is now ready, price 9s. 6d., bound in cloth,
+and may be had, by order, of all Booksellers and Newsmen</i>.</p>
+<p><i>The Monthly Part for August, being the third of Vol. II., is
+also now ready, price 1s. 3d.</i></p>
+<hr class="adverts" />
+<p>THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE and HISTORICAL REVIEW for AUGUST
+contains, among other articles,</p>
+<p>Unpublished Anecdotes of Sir Thomas Wyatt.<br />
+Roman Art at Cirencester (with Engravings).<br />
+The Congress of Vienna and Prince de Ligne.<br />
+Letter of H.R.H. the Duke of York in 1787.<br />
+Monuments in Oxford Cathedral (with two Plates).<br />
+Michael Drayton and his "Idea's Mirrour."<br />
+Date of the erection of Chaucer's Tomb.<br />
+Letters of Dr. Maitland and Mr. Stephens on The
+Ecclesiastical<br />
+History Society: with Remarks.<br />
+The British Museum Catalogue and Mr. Panizzi.<br />
+Reviews of Correspondence of Charles V., the Life of Southey,<br />
+&amp;c., &amp;c., Notes of the Month, Literary and Antiquarian
+Intelligence,<br />
+Historical Chronicle, and OBITUARY. Price 2<i>s.</i>
+6<i>d.</i><br /></p>
+<p>"The Gentleman's Magazine has been revived with a degree of
+spirit and talent which promises the best assurance of its former
+popularity."&mdash;<i>Taunton Courier</i>.</p>
+<p>"A better or more valuable work for country book societies,
+lending libraries, and reading rooms, it is impossible to find
+within the whole compass of English literature. Its literary
+articles are peculiarly sound in principle, and its criticisms
+liberal but just; whilst its Obituary confers upon it a national
+importance. We are sure then we cannot do a better service to our
+friends, and more especially to those connected with institutions
+like those we have adverted to, than in recommending this work to
+their support."&mdash;<i>Nottingham Review</i>.</p>
+<p>NICHOLS and SON, 25. Parliament Street.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>NEW WORK ON MODERN GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY, BY ARNOLD AND
+PAUL.</p>
+<p>In 12mo., price 5<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
+<p>HANDBOOK of MODERN GEOGRAPHY and HISTORY. Translated from the
+German of P&uuml;tz, by the Rev. R.B. PAUL, M.A., and edited by the
+Rev. T.K. ARNOLD, M.A.</p>
+<p>This Volume completes the series of Professor P&uuml;tz's
+Handbooks.</p>
+<p>RIVINGTONS, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place; Of whom
+may be had, (lately published), by the same Editors,</p>
+<p>1. HANDBOOK of ANCIENT GEOGRAPHY and HISTORY. 6<i>s.</i>
+6<i>d.</i></p>
+<p>2. HANDBOOK of MEDI&AElig;VAL GEOGRAPHY and HISTORY. 4<i>s.</i>
+6<i>d.</i></p>
+<hr />
+<p>Just published, the Second Edition, with Additions, price
+5<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> cloth,</p>
+<p>ORNAMENTAL AND DOMESTIC POULTRY: THEIR HISTORY AND MANAGEMENT.
+By the Rev. EDMUND SAUL DIXON, M.A., Rector of Intwood with
+Keswick.</p>
+<p>THE BIRDS TREATED OF ARE:&mdash;</p>
+<p>Domestic Fowl in general<br />
+The Guinea Fowl<br />
+The Spanish Fowl<br />
+The Speckled Dorkings<br />
+The Cochin-China Fowl<br />
+The Malay Fowl<br />
+The Pheasant Malay Fowl<br />
+The Game Fowl<br />
+The Mute Swan<br />
+The Canada Goose<br />
+The Egyptian or Cape Goose<br />
+The Musk Duck<br />
+The Grey China Goose<br />
+The White Fronted or Laughing Goose<br />
+The Wigeon<br />
+The Teal, and its congeners<br />
+The White China Goose<br />
+The Tame Duck<br />
+The Domestic Goose<br />
+The Bernicle Goose<br />
+The Brent Goose<br />
+The Turkey<br />
+The Pea Fowl<br />
+The Golden and Silver Hamburgh Fowls<br />
+The Cuckoo Fowl<br />
+The Blue Dun Fowl<br />
+The Large-crested Fowl<br />
+The Poland Fowl<br />
+Bantam Fowls<br />
+The Rumpless Fowl<br />
+The Silky and Negro Fowls<br />
+The Frizzled or Friesland Fowls.<br /></p>
+<p>"It will be found a useful and intelligent guide to the
+poultry-keeper; while the lively and often amusing manner in which
+it is written, gives it a claim upon the attention of the general
+reader."&mdash;<i>Midland Counties Herald</i>.</p>
+<p>"This book is the best and most modern authority that can be
+consulted on the general management of poultry."&mdash;<i>Stirling
+Observer</i>.</p>
+<p>Published by JAMES MATTHEWS, at the Office of the GARDENERS'
+CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, 5. Upper Wellington Street,
+Covent Garden; and may be ordered of any Bookseller.</p>
+<hr />
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page224" id=
+"page224"></a>{224}</span>
+<p>JOHN MILLER'S CATALOGUE OF BOOKS, OLD AND NEW, <b>PUBLISHED THIS
+DAY</b>, AT 43. CHANDOS STREET, TRAFALGAR SQUARE,</p>
+<p>Contains, amongst a Great Variety of Miscellaneous Literature,
+Books on America, Art, and Banking, Curious Memoirs, Faceti&aelig;,
+Wit and Humour, Useful Works on Geology, Mineralogy, and other
+popular Sciences, Books on Shakspeare and the Drama, Illustrated
+Publications, Biography, History, etc., with Selections in French,
+Italian, Spanish, and Cotinental Literature; also the following at
+the Low Prices affixed:&mdash;</p>
+<p>ASTLE and GROSE'S Antiquarian Repertory, being a Miscellaneous
+Assemblage of Topography, History, Biography, Customs and Manners,
+intended to illustrate and preserve several Valuable Remains of Old
+Times, 4 vols. royal 4to. half bound, calf, gilt, top edges gilt,
+nearly 250 engravings of a highly interesting character, 2<i>l.</i>
+15<i>s.</i> 1807</p>
+<p>CALMET, Dictionnaire Historique, Critique, Chronologique,
+G&eacute;ographique, et Litt&eacute;ral de la Bible, 4 vols. folio,
+calf, very neat, illustrated with nearly 200 engravings and
+vignettes 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i> 1722-28</p>
+<p>CLARKE'S (Dr. E D.) Travels in Various Countries of Europe,
+Asia, and Africa, particularly Russia, Tartary, Turkey, Greece,
+Egypt, the Holy Land, and Scandinavia, 11 vols. 8vo., maps and
+plates, extra cloth, boards, (pub. 10<i>l.</i>) only 2<i>l.</i>
+2<i>s.</i> 1827-34</p>
+<p>COOKE'S Views On the Thames, consisting of 75 picked impressions
+illustrated with about 150 additional views and drawngs, consisting
+of proofs all India paper, proofs before letters, a few coloured
+engravings and a small number of lithographs, all are the choicest
+and finest edition, by Turner, De Wint, Havell, Owens, Days,
+Westall, &amp;c., carefully mounted in a folio size, and prepared
+for binding, 3<i>l.</i> 15<i>s.</i></p>
+<p>COWPER'S Translation of the Iliad and Odyssey of Homer into
+English Blank Verse, 4 vols. 8vo., half bound in morocco, uncut,
+top edges gilt, illustrated with a choice set of engravings by
+Fuseli, Stothard, Burley, and others, proofs before letters,
+1<i>l.</i> 8<i>s.</i> 1809</p>
+<p>DIBDIN'S (T.F.) Edition of a most Pleasant, Fruitful, and Witty
+Work of the best State of a Public Weal, and of the New Isle called
+UTOPIA. written in Latin, by the Rt. Worthy and Famous SIR THOMAS
+MORE, Knight, and translated into English by RALPHE ROBINSON, A.D.
+1551, a new edition, with copious Notes, and Biographical and
+Literary Introduction, 4to. large paper, port. and cuts, scarce,
+1<i>l.</i> 5<i>s.</i> 1808</p>
+<p>DODWELL'S (Col.) Classical and Topographical Tour through Greece
+in the Years 1801, 1805. and 1806, 2 vols. 4to. calf, gilt, map,
+and nearly 100 fine engravings, 1<i>l.</i> 5<i>s.</i> 1819</p>
+<p>ENCYCLOP&AElig;DIA METROPOLITANA or Universal Dictionary of
+Knowledge, projected by S.T. Coleridge, assisted by the most
+eminent writers of the day, and now complete in 26 vols. large 4to.
+illustrated with 600 beautiful plates, clean and uncut, only
+13<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i> 1845</p>
+<p>FABLIAUX ou Contes, Fables et Romans du 11&egrave;me et du
+12&egrave;me Si&egrave;cle, traduits ou extraits par Legrand
+d'Aussy, 5 vols. royal 8vo. half bound Morocco, edges uncut,
+numerous fine plates, interspersed with a few MS. notes by an
+eminent living author, 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i> Paris, 1829</p>
+<p>FOXE (John)&mdash;The Acts and Monuments of, a New and Complete
+Edition, with a Preliminary Dissertation by the Rev. G. Townsend,
+edited by the Rev. S.R. Catley, M.A., 8 thick vols. royal 8vo.,
+with port. and engraved title-page, 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i> 1841</p>
+<p>HALL'S (Mr. and Mrs. S.C.) Ireland, its Scenery, Character, and
+History, 3 vols. complete in parts, (an Early Subscriber's Copy,)
+illustrated with nearly 600 plates, choice impressions of the
+engravings and woodcuts 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i> 1843</p>
+<p>HORTICULTURAL (The) Transactions of London, from its
+commencement in 1820 to 1835, with the Reports bound in a vol.,
+forming 9 vols. royal 4to. half bound, Morocco, top edges gilt,
+illustrated with numerous coloured plates, 3<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i>
+6<i>d.</i> 1820-35</p>
+<p>HUME and SMOLLET'S History of England a New Edition, with Lives
+and Portraits of the Authors, 10 vols. 8vo. elegantly bound in
+sprinkled calf, marbled edges, richly gilt back, double lettered,
+3<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> Trade. 1841</p>
+<p>HARDING'S Shakspeare Illustrated, consisting of portraits of all
+the Eminent Characters, and Royal and Noble Personages mentioned,
+with Views of Castles, Towns, and Sundry other Antiquarian
+Subjects, 2 vols. in 1, royal 4to. half bound. morocco, extra,
+uncut, top edges gilt, 160 fine plates, with description,
+1<i>l.</i> 5<i>s.</i> 1811</p>
+<p>KENILWORTH Illustrated, or the History of the Castle, Priory,
+and Church of Kenilworth, with a description of their Present
+State, royal 8vo., half bound, crimson Morocco, uncut, top edges
+gilt, illustrated with twenty fine plates. proofs on India paper,
+and two beautiful drawings inserted, 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i> 1821</p>
+<p>LOCKE (John), The Entire Works of, handsome Library Edition, 10
+vols. 8vo., brown calf, gilt, contents lettered on each volume,
+good copy, 2<i>l.</i> 12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> 1801</p>
+<p>NORTH BRITISH REVIEW, a Quarterly Journal, from its Conmencement
+in 1844. to the end of 1849, 11 vols. 8vo., half calf, neat, adl
+uniform, 2<i>l.</i> 12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> (published at 6<i>l.</i>
+12<i>s.</i> in numbers). 1844-49</p>
+<p>PLINII Naturalis Historia ex editione Gab Brotier cum Notis et
+Interpretatione in usum Delphini. Varis Lectionibus Notis Variorum,
+12 vols. 8vo. 1<i>l.</i> 1<i>s.</i> Valpy, 1826</p>
+<p>ROBERTSON'S (Wm., D.D.)&mdash;The entire Collection of his
+Works, with an Account of his Life and Writings, by Stewart, 8vo.
+12 vols. in 6, elegantly half bound, calf, gilt, post, 1<i>l.</i>
+11<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> 1820</p>
+<p>SALTS' Views of St. Helena, the Cape of Good Hope, India Ceylon,
+Abyssinia, and Egypt, Large atlas folio, with descriptive
+letterpress, handsomely half bound, morocco, twenty-four
+beautifully coloured plates, closely imitating water colour
+drawings. 2<i>l.</i> 18<i>s.</i> (pub. 15<i>l.</i> 15<i>s.</i>)
+1809</p>
+<p>SCOTT'S (Sir Walter) Novels and Romances, with all his
+Introductions and Notes, 5 vols. imp. 8vo., half bound, morocco,
+extra, illustrated with nearly 200 engravings on steel by eminent
+artists, and a series of plates by George Cruikshank, 2<i>l.</i>
+12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> 1846</p>
+<p>&mdash;Novels, Tales, and Historical Romances, from Waverley to
+Kenilworth, inclusive, 18 vols. 8vo., elegantly bound in grained
+calf, extra, marble edges, a very choice copy, 2<i>l.</i>
+12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> 1819</p>
+<p>SHAKSPEARE'S (Mr. William) Comedies, Histories, and Tragedies,
+published according to the true originall Copies, folio, half bd.
+vellum, an uncut copy, portrait, 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i> Reprint,
+1623.</p>
+<p>SHAKSPEARE, the Works of, Revised from the Best Authorities with
+a Memoir and Essay on his Genius by Barry Cornwall, and Annotations
+on his Writings by many Distinguished Writers, 3 vols. imp. 8vo.,
+half bound mor., marble edges, illustrated with numerous Engravings
+on Wood by Kenny Meadows. (An Early Subscriber's Copy) 2<i>l.</i>
+12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> 1843</p>
+<p>&mdash;The Plays of William Shakspeare, with the Corrections and
+Illustrations of Various Commentators, to which are added Notes by
+Dr. Johnson and George Stevens, 10 large vols. 8vo. half bd. mor.,
+uncut, top edges gilt, fine port., 1<i>l.</i> 11<i>s.</i>
+6<i>d.</i> 1785</p>
+<p>SOUTHEY'S (Robt., L.L.D.) History of the Peninsular War, 3 vols.
+4to., half calf, neat, 1<i>l.</i> 4<i>s.</i> 1832, &amp;c.</p>
+<p>VOLTAIRE (M. de), Complete Collection des Oeuvres de, 32 vols.
+12mo., in neat French calf binding, plates, 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i>
+Geneve, 1771</p>
+<p>AN ABRIDGEMENT of the Philosophical Transactions ol the Royal
+Societv of London, from its Commencement in 1665 to the year 1800.
+Abridged with Notes and Biographic Illustrations by Hutton, Shaw,
+and Pearson, 18 vols. 4to., numerous plates, 1<i>l.</i>15<i>s.</i>
+1809</p>
+<hr />
+<p>JOHN MILLER, 43. CHANDOS STREET, TRAFALGAR SQUARE.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at
+No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City
+of London and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street,
+in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London,
+Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.&mdash;Saturday,
+August 31. 1850.</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 13426 ***</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #13426 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/13426)
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 44, Saturday, August
+31, 1850, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes & Queries, No. 44, Saturday, August 31, 1850
+       A Medium Of Inter-Communication For Literary Men, Artists,
+       Antiquaries, Genealogists, Etc.
+       
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: September 10, 2004 [EBook #13426]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 44, ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team and The Internet Library of Early Journals
+
+
+
+
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES:
+
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
+GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+No. 44.] SATURDAY, AUGUST 31, 1850 [Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {209}
+
+CONTENTS
+
+NOTES:
+
+Gravesend Boats                                        209
+Notes on Cunningham's Handbook of London, by E.F.
+    Rimbault                                           211
+Devotional Tracts belonging to Queen Katherine Parr,
+    by Dr. Charlton                                    212
+Suggestions for cheap Books of Reference               213
+Rib, why the first Woman formed from                   213
+Minor Notes:--Cinderella, or the Glass Slipper--Mistletoe
+    on Oaks--Omnibuses--Havock--Schlegel
+    on Church Property in England                      214
+
+QUERIES:
+P. Mathieu's Life of Sejanus                           215
+The Antiquity of Smoking                               216
+Sir Gregory Norton, Bart.                              216
+Minor Queries:--City Offices--Meaning of
+    Harefinder--Saffron-bag--Bishop Berkley's successful
+    Experiments--Unknown Portrait--Custom of selling
+    Wives--Hepburn Crest and Motto--Concolinel--"One
+    Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church"--The
+    Norfolk Dialect--Sir John Perrot--"Antiquitas sæculi
+    juventus mundi"                                    216
+
+REPLIES:
+Derivation of "News"                                   218
+Replies to Minor Queries:--Swords worn in Public--Quarles'
+    Pension--Franz von Sickingen--"Noll me
+    tangere"--Dr. Bowring's Translations--Countess
+    of Desmond--Yorkshire Dales--Sir Thomas Herbert's
+    Memoirs--Alarum--Practice of Scalping
+    among the Scythian's--Gospel Tree--Martinet--"Yote"
+    or "Yeot"--Map of London--Woodcarving,
+    Snow Hill--Waltheof--The Dodo--"Under
+    the Rose"--Ergh, Er, or Argh--Royal
+    Supporters--The Frog and the Crow of Ennow         218
+MISCELLANEOUS:
+
+Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c.                 222
+Books and Odd Volumes Wanted                           223
+Notices to Correspondents                              223
+Advertisements                                         223
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NOTES
+
+GRAVESEND BOATS.
+
+While so much has been said of coaches, in the early numbers of "Notes
+and Queries" and elsewhere, very little notice has been taken of another
+mode of conveyance which has now become very important. I think it may
+amuse some of your readers to compare a modern Gravesend boat and
+passage with the account given by Daniel Defoe, in the year 1724: and as
+it is contained in what I believe to be one of his least known works, it
+may probably be new to most of them. In his _Great Law of
+Subordination_, after describing the malpractices of hackney coachmen,
+he proceeds:
+
+    "The next are the watermen; and, indeed, the insolence of these,
+    though they are under some limitations too, is yet such at this
+    time, that it stands in greater need than any other, of severe
+    laws, and those laws being put in speedy execution.
+
+    "Some years ago, one of these very people being steersman of a
+    passage-boat between London and Gravesend, drown'd
+    three-and-fifty people at one time. The boat was bound from
+    Gravesend to London, was very full of passengers and goods, and
+    deep loaden. The wind blew very hard at south-west, which being
+    against them, obliged them to turn to windward, so the seamen
+    call it, when they tack from side to side, to make their voyage
+    against the wind by the help of the tide.
+
+    "The passengers were exceedingly frighted when, in one tack
+    stretching over the stream, in a place call'd Long-Reach, where
+    the river is very broad, the waves broke in upon the boat, and
+    not only wetted them all, but threw a great deal of water into
+    the boat, and they all begg'd of the steersman or master not to
+    venture again. He, sawey and impudent, mock'd them, ask'd some
+    of the poor frighted women if they were afraid of going to the
+    Devil; bid them say their prayers and the like, and then stood
+    over again, as it were, in a jest. The storm continuing, he
+    shipp'd a great deal of water that time also. By this time the
+    rest of the watermen begun to perswade him, and told him, in
+    short, that if he stood over again the boat would founder, for
+    that she was a great deal the deeper for the water she had taken
+    in, and one of them begg'd of him not to venture; he swore at
+    the fellow, call'd him fool, bade him let him alone to his
+    business, and he would warrant him; then used a vulgar
+    sea-proverb, which such fellows have in their mouths, 'Blow
+    Devil, the more wind, the better boat.'
+
+    "The fellow told him in so many words he would drown all the
+    passengers, and before his face began to strip, and so did two
+    more, that they might be in condition to swim for their lives.
+    This extremely terrify'd the passengers, who, having a cloth or
+    tilt over them, were in no condition to save their lives, so
+    that there was a dreadful cry among them, and some of the men
+    were making way to come at the steersman to make him by force
+    let fly the sail and stand back for the shore; but before they
+    could get to him the waves broke in upon the boat and carried
+    them all to the bottom, none escaping but the three watermen
+    that were prepar'd to swim. {210}
+
+    "It was but poor satisfaction for the loss of so many lives, to
+    say the steersman was drown'd with them, who ought, indeed, to
+    have died at the gallows, or on the wheel, for he was certainly
+    the murtherer of all the rest.
+
+    "I have many times pass'd between London and Gravesend with
+    these fellows in their smaller boats, when I have seen them, in
+    spite of the shrieks and cries of the women and the persuasions
+    of the men passengers, and, indeed, as if they were the more
+    bold by how much the passengers were the more afraid; I say, I
+    have seen them run needless hazards, and go, as it were, within
+    an inch of death, when they have been under no necessity of it,
+    and, if not in contempt of the passengers, it has been in meer
+    laziness to avoid their rowing; and I have been sometimes
+    oblig'd, especially when there has been more men in the boat of
+    the same mind, so that we have been strong enough for them, to
+    threaten to cut their throats to make them hand their sails and
+    keep under shore, not to fright as well as hazard the passengers
+    when there was no need of it.
+
+    "One time, being in one of these boats all alone, coming from
+    London to Gravesend, the wind freshen'd and it begun to blow
+    very hard after I was come about three or four mile of the way;
+    and as I said above, that I always thought those fellows were
+    the more venturous when their passengers were the most fearful,
+    I resolved I would let this fellow alone to himself; so I lay
+    down in the boat as if I was asleep, as is usual.
+
+    "Just when I lay down, I called to the waterman, 'It blows hard,
+    waterman,' said I; 'can you swim?' 'No, Sir,' says he. 'Nor
+    can't your man swim neither?' said I. 'No, Sir,' says the
+    servant. 'Well then,' says I, 'take care of yourselves, I shall
+    shift as well as you, I suppose:' and so down I lay. However, I
+    was not much disposed to sleep; I kept the tilt which they cover
+    their passengers with open in one place, so that I could see how
+    things went.
+
+    "The wind was fair, but over-blow'd so much, that in those
+    reaches of the river which turn'd crossway, and where the wind
+    by consequence was thwart the stream, the water went very high,
+    and we took so much into the boat, that I began to feel the
+    straw which lay under me at the bottom was wet, so I call'd to
+    the waterman, and jesting told him, they must go all hands to
+    the pump; he answered, he hoped I should not be wet; 'But it's
+    bad weather, master,' says he, 'we can't help it.' 'No, no,'
+    says I, ''tis pretty well yet, go on.'
+
+    "By and by I heard him say to himself, 'It blows very hard,' and
+    every now and then he repeated it, and sometimes thus: ''Twill
+    be a dirty night, 'twill be a terrible night,' and the like;
+    still I lay still and said nothing.
+
+    "After some time, and his bringing out several such speeches as
+    above, I rous'd as if I had but just wak'd; 'Well, waterman,'
+    says I, 'how d'ye go on?' 'Very indifferently,' says he; 'it
+    blows very hard.' 'Ay, so it does,' says I; 'where are we?' 'A
+    little above Erith,' says he; so down I lay again, and said no
+    more for that time.
+
+    "By and by he was at it again, 'It blows a frett of wind,' and
+    'It blows very hard,' and the like; but still I said nothing. At
+    last we ship'd a dash of water over the boat's head, and the
+    spry of it wetted me a little, and I started up again as if I
+    had been asleep; 'Waterman,' says I, 'what are you doing? what,
+    did you ship a sea?' 'Ay,' says the waterman, 'and a great one
+    too; why it blows a frett of wind.' 'Well, well,' says I, 'come,
+    have a good heart; where are we now?' 'Almost in Gallions,' says
+    he, 'that's a reach below Woolwich.'
+
+    "Well, when we got into the Gallions reach, there the water was
+    very rough, and I heard him say to his man, 'Jack, we'll keep
+    the weather-shore aboard, for it grows dark and it blows a
+    storm.' Ay, thought I, had I desir'd you to stand in under
+    shore, you would have kept off in meer bravado; but I said
+    nothing. By and by his mast broke, and gave a great crack, and
+    the fellow cry'd out, 'Lord have mercy upon us!' I started up
+    again, but still spoke cheerfully; 'What's the matter now?' says
+    I. 'L--d, Sir,' say's he, 'how can you sleep? why my mast is
+    come by the board.' 'Well, well,' says I, 'then you must take a
+    goose-wing.' 'A goose-wing! why,' says he, 'I can't carry a knot
+    of sail, it blows a storm.' 'Well,' says I, 'if you can't carry
+    any sail, you must drive up under shore then, you have the tide
+    under foot:' and with that I lay down again. The man did as I
+    said. A piece of his mast being yet standing, he made what they
+    call a goose-wing sail, that is, a little piece of the sail out,
+    just to keep the boat steddy, and with this we got up as high as
+    Blackwall; the night being then come on and very dark, and the
+    storm increasing, I suffer'd myself to be persuaded to put in
+    there, though five or six mile short of London; whereas, indeed,
+    I was resolv'd to venture no farther if the waterman would have
+    done it.
+
+    "When I was on shore, the man said to me, 'Master, you have been
+    us'd to the sea, I don't doubt; why you can sleep in a storm
+    without any concern, as if you did not value your life; I never
+    carry'd one in my life that did so; why, 'twas a wonder we had
+    not founder'd.' 'Why,' says I, 'friend, for that you know I left
+    it all to you; I did not doubt but you would take care of
+    yourself;' but after that I told him my other reason for it, the
+    fellow smil'd, but own'd the thing was true, and that he was the
+    more cautious a great deal, for that I took no thought about it;
+    and I am still of opinion, that the less frighted and timorous
+    their passengers are, the more cautious and careful the watermen
+    are, and the least apt to run into danger; whereas, if their
+    passengers appear frighted, then the watermen grow sawcy and
+    audacious, show themselves vent'rous, and contemn the dangers
+    which they are really exposed to."--p. 130.
+
+We are not bound to suppose that this is plain relation of matter of
+fact, any more than the _History of Robinson Crusoe_; but it is a
+graphic sketch of life and manners worth the notice of those who study
+such things. It forms at least a little contribution to the history of
+travelling in England. A passenger who had just landed from a Gravesend
+boat, to pursue his journey by land, might well be thankful to "be
+received in a coach" like that which had been started at York near half
+a century before.
+
+Alpha.
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {211}
+
+NOTES ON THE SECOND EDITION OF MR. CUNNINGHAM'S HANDBOOK OF LONDON.
+
+Mr. Cunningham's work on London is a book of such general interest, that
+the additions and corrections, which I shall continue from time to time
+to offer to your readers, will not, I think, be deemed impertinent or
+trifling. Let it not be imagined, for one single instant, that I wish to
+depreciate Mr. Cunningham's labours. On the contrary, his book is one of
+the most delightful publications relative to our great city which we
+possess. And let me candidly say, if I were to select only half-a-dozen
+volumes for my own reading, _Cunningham's Handbook of London_ would most
+assuredly be one of that number.
+
+The quaint and learned old Fuller, in his address to the _Worthies of
+England_, says:
+
+    "The bare skeleton of time, place, and person, must be fleshed
+    with some pleasant passages; and to this intent I have purposely
+    interlaced (not as meat but as condiment) many stories, so that
+    the reader, if he do not arise _religiosior_ or _doctior_, with
+    more piety or learning, at least he may depart _jucundior_, with
+    more pleasure and lawful delight."
+
+This remark has been well understood by Mr. Cunningham, whose pleasant
+quotations, and literary and artistic recollections, have made his book
+a _readable_ one to the many, and an instructive companion for the
+_initiated_.
+
+The "bare skeleton" sometimes wants "fleshing," and hence the following
+list of additions and corrections:
+
+1. _Dobney's_, or, more correctly, _D'Aubigney's Bowling Green_, was a
+celebrated place of amusement "more than sixty years since." It is now
+occupied by a group of houses called _Dobney's Place_, near the bottom
+of Penton street, and almost opposite to the Belvidere Tavern and Tea
+Gardens.
+
+2. _Bridge Street, Westminster._ The Long Wool-staple was on the site of
+this street. Henry VIII., in 1548, founded, "in the Long Wool-staple,"
+St. Stephen's Hospital, for eight maimed soldiers, who had each a
+convenient room, and received an allowance of 5l. a year from the
+exchequer. It was removed in 1735, and eight almshouses rebuilt in St.
+Anne's Lane, bearing the inscription "Wool-staple Pensioners, 1741." In
+1628, in the Overseer's books of St. Margaret's is rated in the
+Wool-staple "Orlando Gibbons ij d."
+
+3. _Campden House, Kensington._ Built by Sir Baptist Hickes in 1612;
+pulled down about 1827. Nicholas Lechmere, the eminent lawyer, was
+residing here when he was created a peer.
+
+  "Back in the dark, by Brompton Park,
+  He turned up thro' the Gore,
+  So slunk to _Campden House_ so high,
+  All in his coach and four."
+
+  Swift's Ballad of _Duke and no Duke_.
+
+4. _Finch's Grotto._ A place of amusement, similar to Vauxhall Gardens,
+much in vogue at the end of the last century. The "Grotto Gardens," as
+they were sometimes called, were situated partly in Winchester Park, or
+the Clink, and partly in the parish of St. George, Southwark.
+
+5. _Leicester Square._ Mr. Cunningham does not mention the fine house of
+Sir George Savile, in this square. It was subsequently Miss Linwood's
+_Exhibition of Needlework_; and has latterly been used as a
+concert-room, casino, &c. The statue in the centre of the square is
+George I., not George II.
+
+6. _Thavie's Inn._ A small brass plate fixed up against the first house
+on the west side, has the following inscription:
+
+    "Thavie's Inn, founded by John Thavie, Esquire, in the reign of
+    Edward the Third; Adjudged to be extra-parochial, in the Court
+    of King's Bench, Guild-hall, in the causes Fraser against the
+    Parish of St. Andrew, Holborn, on the 7th day of July, 1823, and
+    Marsden against the same parish, on the 17th day of October,
+    1826. This memorial of the antiquity and privileges of this inn,
+    was erected during the Treasurership of Francis Paget Watson,
+    Esq., Anno Dom. MDCCCXXVII."
+
+7. _Old Bailey._ Peter Bales, the celebrated writing master of Queen
+Elizabeth's reign, was master of a school "at the upper end of the _Old
+Bailey_" in 1590. It was here he published his first work, entitled,
+_The Writing School Master_.
+
+8. _Islington._ During the reign of James I. and Charles I., Islington
+was a favourite resort, on account of its rich dairies. In that part of
+the manor of Highbury at the lower end of Islington, there were, in
+1611, eight inns principally supported by summer visitors. See _Nelson's
+History of Islington_, p. 38, 4to., 1811.
+
+  "--Hogsdone, _Islington_, and Tothnam Court,
+  For cakes and creame had then no small resort."
+
+  Wither's _Britain's Remembrancer_, 12mo. 1628.
+
+9. _Seven Dials._ The Doric column with its "seven dials," which once
+marked this locality, now "ornaments" the pleasant little town of
+Walton-on-Thames.
+
+10. _Mews (the King's)._ The fore-court of the royal mews was used in
+1829 for the exhibition of a "monstrous whale." The _building_ (which
+stood upon the site of the National Gallery) was occupied, at the same
+time, by the _Museum of National Manufactures_. The "Museum" was
+removed, upon the pulling down of the mews, to Dr. Hunter's house in
+Leicester Square, and was finally closed upon the establishment of the
+_Royal Polytechnic Institution_.
+
+Mr. Cunningham, in his _Chronology_, says the mews was taken down in
+1827. In the body of the book he gives the date, perhaps more correctly,
+1830. {212}
+
+11. _Brownlow Street, Holborn._ This should be "Brownlow Street, _Drury
+Lane_;" George Vertue the engraver was living here in 1748.
+
+12. _White Conduit House._ The anonymous author of _The Sunday Ramble_,
+1774, has left us the following description of this once popular
+tea-gardens:
+
+    "The garden is formed into several pleasing walks, prettily
+    disposed; at the end of the principal one is a painting, which
+    serves to render it much larger in appearance than it really is;
+    and in the middle of the garden is a round fish-pond,
+    encompassed with a great number of very genteel boxes for
+    company, curiously cut into the hedges, and adorned with a
+    variety of Flemish and other painting; there are likewise two
+    handsome tea-rooms, one over the other, as well as several
+    inferior ones in the dwelling-house."
+
+"White Conduit Loaves" were for a long time famous, and before the great
+augmentation in the price of bread, during the revolutionary war with
+France, they formed one of the regular "London cries."
+
+13. _Vauxhall Gardens._ A curious and highly interesting description of
+this popular place of amusement, "a century ago," was printed in 1745,
+under the title of _A Sketch of the Spring-Gardens, Vaux-hall, in a
+letter to a Noble Lord_, 8vo. My copy is much at Mr. Cunningham's
+service for any future edition of his _Handbook_.
+
+Edward F. Rimbault.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+DEVOTIONAL TRACTS BELONGING TO QUEEN KATHERINE PARR.
+
+In your Number for August 10th, I observe an inquiry regarding a MS.
+book of prayers said to have belonged to Queen Katherine Parr. Of the
+book in question I know nothing, but there has lately come into my
+possession a volume of early English printed devotional works, which
+undoubtedly has belonged to this Queen. The volume is a small duodecimo,
+bound red velvet, with gilt leaves, and it has had ornamental borders
+and clasps of some metal, as the impressions of these are still
+distinctly visible upon the velvet covering. The contents of this volume
+are as follows:
+
+    1. "A sermon of Saint Chrysostome, wherein besyde that it is
+    furnysshed with heuenly wisedome and teachinge, he wonderfully
+    proueth that No man is hurted but of hym-selfe: translated into
+    Englishe by the floure of lerned menne in his tyme, Thomas
+    Lupsete, Londoner, 1534."
+
+At the bottom of this title-page is written, in the well-known bold hand
+of Katherine Parr,--"Kateryn the Quene, K.P.," with the equally
+well-known flourish beneath.
+
+    2. "A svvete and devovte sermon of Holy Saynet Ciprian of
+    mortalitie of man. The rules of a Christian life made by Picus,
+    erle of Mirandula, both translated into Englyshe by Syr Thomas
+    Elyot, Knyght. Londini, Anno verbi incarnati MDXXXIX.
+
+    3. "An exhortation to yonge men, &c., by Thomas Lupsete,
+    Londener, 1534.
+
+    4. "A treatise of charitie, 1534.
+
+    5. "Here be the Gathered Counsales of Sainete Isidorie, &c.,
+    1539.
+
+    6. "A compendious and a very fruitful treatise teaching the waye
+    of dyenge well, written to a frende by the floure of lerned men
+    of his tyme, Thomas Lupsete, Londoner, late deceassed, on whose
+    sowle Jesu have mercy. 1541."
+
+Almost all these treatises are printed by Thomas Berthelet. I know not
+if any of these treatises are now scarce. On the fly-leaf opposite the
+first page we find the following scriptural sentences, which are, in my
+opinion, and in that of others to whom I have shown the book, evidently
+written by the hand of the queen.
+
+It will be only necessary to give the first and last of these sentences:
+
+    "Delyte not in Þe multytude of ungodly men, and haue no pleasure
+    in Þem, for they feare not God.
+
+    "Refuse not Þe prayer of one yt is in trouble, and turne not
+    away thy face from the nedye."
+
+We need not quote more; but on the opposite side of the fly-leaf are
+some verses of a different character, and which I suspect to be from the
+royal pen of Henry VIII. The writing is uncommonly difficult to
+decypher, but it bears a strong resemblance to all that I have seen of
+Henry's handwriting. A portion of the verses, as far as I can make them
+out, are here subjoined:
+
+  Respect.
+
+  "Blush not, fayre nimphe, tho (nee?) of nobell blod,
+  I fain avoutch it, and of manners good,
+  Spottles in lyf, of mynd sencere and sound,
+  In whoam a world of vertues doth abowend,
+  And sith besyd yt ye lycens giv withall
+  Set doughts asyd and to some sporting fall,
+  Therefoor, suspysion, I do banyshe thee"
+
+Then follows a line I cannot decypher, and at the bottom of the page is
+
+  "You will be clear of my suspysion."
+
+Are these verses from some old poet, or are they composed as well as
+written by the royal tyrant? for no other would, I think, have addressed
+such lines to "Kateryn the Quene."
+
+I have only to add that the volume was given me by the sister of the
+late President of the English college at Valladolid, and that he
+obtained it during his residence in Spain. It is not unlikely it may
+have been carried thither by some of the English Catholics, who resorted
+to that country for education. In 1625 it seems to have belonged to John
+Sherrott.
+
+I should be glad of any information about the verses.
+
+E. Charlton, M.D.
+
+Newcastle-upon-Tyne, August 18. 1850.
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {213}
+
+SUGGESTIONS FOR CHEAP BOOKS OF REFERENCE.
+
+Although your space is generally devoted to the higher and more curious
+inquiries respecting antiquities and literature, I am sure you will not
+grudge a little room for facilitating and improving the means of popular
+information and instruction.
+
+For every man, almost in any station in society, I submit that the
+followings works for reference are indispensable, in the most convenient
+corner or shelf of his library:--1. A Biographical Dictionary. 2. A
+Gazetteer. 3. A Statistical or Commercial Dictionary. With works of that
+description the public have been very indifferently supplied during the
+last thirty years: at least, at the _moderate prices_ calculated to
+bring them within the reach of students in humbler life, forming the
+great mass of readers. Mr. Constable, of Edinburgh, published in 1817 an
+abridged Gazetteer, price 18s., but there has been no such work since.
+Mr. A.K. Johnston's _Geographical Dictionary_, at 36s., lately
+published, supplies to a certain class of readers one of the works
+wanted.
+
+I beg to suggest a few observations for the improvement of works of this
+description through your valuable channel.
+
+I. I submit that none of the dictionaries of reference now specified
+should be published without promise of a _periodical supplement_ every
+five or seven years, containing later matter and intelligence. For
+example, how easily could this be given in the case of a Biographical
+Dictionary! Say that such a work has been published in 1830 (which, it
+is believed, is the date of Gorton's excellent _Biographical
+Dictionary_), the compiler of a supplement has only to collect and
+arrange monthly or annual obituaries of the common magazines since 1830
+to make a good and useful supplemental volume.
+
+II. I would suggest to skilful authors and booksellers publishing
+Biographical Dictionaries to follow the French and American custom of
+including in them the more eminent _contemporary_ living characters.
+That would add greatly to the use of the book; and the matter could
+easily be collected from the current Books of Peerage and Parliamentary
+Companions, with aid from the numerous magazines as to distinguished
+literary men.
+
+III. The supplements for Gazetteers could be easily compiled from the
+_parliamentary papers_ and magazines of the day. I would refer
+particularly to the supplements published by Mr. McCulloch to his
+_Commercial Dictionary_ as an example to be followed; while the conduct
+lately adopted in the new edition of Maunder's _Biographical Treasury_
+should be avoided. The old edition of that collection consisted of 839
+pages, and it is believed it was _stereotyped_. A new edition, or a new
+issue, of the old 839 pages was lately published, the same as the
+original dictionary, with a supplement of 72 pages. That is not sold
+separately; so that the holders of the old edition must purchase the
+whole work a _second_ time in 1850, at 10s., to procure the supplement.
+The public should not encourage such a style of publication. Any one
+might publish a supplemental dictionary since 1836, which would equally
+serve with the old edition. This hint is particularly addressed to Mr.
+Charles Knight.
+
+These hints are offered to the publishers and encouragers of _popular_
+works for general readers, at economical prices; and they might be
+extended. For example, dictionaries of medicine for family use have
+great sale. Sometimes, it is believed, they are stereotyped. Why should
+not later practice and discoveries be published in a cheaper
+_supplement_, to preserve the value of the original work? Thus, in my
+family, I use the excellent _Cyclopædia of Popular Medicine_ published
+by Dr. Murray in 1842; but on looking into it for "Chloroform" and "Cod
+Liver Oil," no such articles are to be found, as they were not known in
+1842. The skilful will find many other omissions.
+
+IV. There might be a greater difficulty in constructing a popular
+commercial or statistical dictionary, at a moderate price, to be
+supplied with supplements at later intervals. But even as to these,
+there is a good model in Waterston's _Small Dictionary of Commerce_,
+published in 1844, which, with a supplement, might afford, for a few
+shillings, to give all the later information derived from the free-trade
+measures and extension of our colonies. Waterston's original work is
+advertised often for sale at 10s. or 12s., and a supplement at 3s. would
+bring it within the reach of the great bulk of readers.
+
+These suggestions are offered without the slightest intention to
+depreciate or disparage the greater and more elaborate works of Mr.
+McCulloch, and others who compile and publish works worthy of reference,
+and standards of authority among men of highest science. No man who can
+afford it would ever be without the latest edition (without the aid of
+supplements) of large works; but it is manifest that there has been a
+great neglect to supply the mass of readers in ordinary circumstances
+with books of common reference, at moderate prices; and I hope that some
+publishers of enterprise and sagacity will see it to be their interest
+to act on the advice now offered.
+
+PHILANTHROPOS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+RIB, WHY THE FIRST WOMAN FORMED FROM.
+
+Allow me to request a place for the following curious and quaint
+exposition of the propriety of the selection of _the rib_ as the
+material out of which our first mother Eve was formed; and the ingenious
+illustration which it is made to afford of the relation between wife and
+husband. {214}
+
+    "Thirdly, God so ordered the matter betwixt them, that this
+    adhæsion and agglutination of one to the other should be
+    perpetuall. For by taking a bone from the man (who was _nimium
+    osseus_, exceeded and was somewhat monstrous, by one bone too
+    much) to strengthen the woman, and by putting flesh in steede
+    thereof to mollifie the man, he made a sweete complexion and
+    temper betwixt them, like harmony in musicke, for their amiable
+    cohabitation.
+
+    "Fourthly, that bone which God tooke from the man, was from out
+    the midst of him. As Christ wrought saluation _in medio terræ_,
+    so God made the woman _è medio viri_, out of the very midst of
+    man. The _species_ of the bone is exprest to be _costa_, a rib,
+    a bone of the side, not of the head: a woman is not _domina_,
+    the ruler; nor of any anterior part; she is not _prælata_,
+    preferred before the man; nor a bone of the foote; she is not
+    _serva_, a handmaid; nor of any hinder part; she is not
+    _post-posita_, set behind the man: but a bone of the _side_, of
+    a middle and indifferent part, to show that she is _socia_, a
+    companion to the husband. For _qui junguntur lateribus, socii
+    sunt_, they that walke side to side and cheeke to cheeke, walke
+    as companions.
+
+    "Fifthly, I might adde, a bone from vnder the arme, to put the
+    man in remembrance of protection and defense to the woman.
+
+    "Sixthly, a bone not far from his heart to put him in minde of
+    dilection and loue to the woman. Lastly, a bone from the left
+    side, to put the woman in minde, that by reason of her frailty
+    and infirmity she standeth in need of both the one and the other
+    from her husband.
+
+    "To conclude my discourse, if these things be duely examined
+    when man taketh a woman to wife, _reparat latus suum_, what doth
+    he else but remember the maime that was sometimes made in his
+    side, and desireth to repaire it? _Repetit costam suam_, he
+    requireth and fetcheth back the rib that was taken from him,"
+    &c. &c.--From pp. 28, 30, of "_Vitis Palatina_, A sermon
+    appointed to be preached at Whitehall, upon Tuesday after the
+    marriage of the Ladie Elizabeth, her Grace, by the B. of London.
+    London: printed for John Bill, 1614."
+
+The marriage actually took place on the 14th of February, 1612. In the
+dedication to the Prince of Wales, afterwards Charles I., the Bishop
+(Dr. John King) hints that he had delayed the publication till the full
+meaning of his text, which is Psalm xxviii. ver. 3, should have been
+accomplished by the birth of a son, an event which had been recently
+announced, and that, too, on the very day when this Psalm occurred in
+the course of the Church service.
+
+The sermon is curious, and I may hereafter trouble you with some notices
+of these "Wedding Sermons," which are evidently contemplated by the
+framers of our Liturgy, as the concluding homily of the office for
+matrimony is by the Rubric to be read "if there be no sermon." It is
+observable that the first Rubric especially directs that the woman shall
+stand on the man's left hand. Any notices on the subject from your
+correspondents would be acceptable.
+
+In the first series of Southey's _Common Place Book_, at page 226., a
+passage is quoted from Henry Smith's _Sermons_, which dwells much upon
+the formation of the woman from _the rib_ of man, but not in such detail
+as Bishop King has done. Notices of the Bishop may be found in Keble's
+edition of _Hooker_, vol. ii. pp. 24, 100, 103. It appears that after
+his death it was alleged that he maintained Popish doctrines. This his
+son, Henry King, canon of St. Paul's, and Archdeacon of Colchester,
+satisfactorily disproved in a sermon at Paul's Cross, and again in the
+dedication prefixed to his "_Exposition upon the Lord's Prayer_," 4to.,
+London, 1634. See Wood's _Athenæ Oxon._, fol. edit. vol. ii. p. 294.
+
+As for the marriage of the Princess Elizabeth, afterwards celebrated for
+her misfortunes as Queen of Bohemia, it was celebrated in an
+epithalamium by Dr. Donne, _Works_, 8vo. edit. vol. vi. p. 550. And in
+the Somer's _Tracts_, vol. iii., pp. 35, 43., may be found descriptions
+of the "_shewes_," and a poem of Taylor the Water Poet, entitled
+"Heaven's Blessing and Earth's Joy," all tending to show the great
+contemporary interest which the event occasioned.
+
+Balliolensis.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MINOR NOTES
+
+_Cinderella, or the Glass Slipper._--Two centuries ago furs were so
+rare, and therefore so highly valued, that the wearing of them was
+restricted by several sumptuary laws to kings and princes. Sable, in
+those laws called _vair_, was the subject of countless regulations: the
+exact quality permitted to be worn by persons of different grades, and
+the articles of dress to which it might be applied, were defined most
+strictly. Perrault's tale of _Cinderella_ originally marked the dignity
+conferred on her by the fairy by her wearing a slipper of _vair_, a
+privilege then confined to the highest rank of princesses. An error of
+the press, now become inveterate, changed _vair_ into _verre_, and the
+slipper of _sable_ was suddenly converted into a _glass_ slipper.
+
+Jarltzberg.
+
+
+_Mistletoe on Oaks._--In Vol. ii., p. 163., I observed a citation on the
+extreme rarity of _mistletoe on oaks_, from Dr. Giles and Dr. Daubeny;
+and with reference to it, and to some remarks of Professor Henslow in
+the _Gardeners' Chronicle_, I communicated to the latter journal, last
+week, the fact of my having, at this present time, a bunch of that plant
+growing in great luxuriance on an oak aged upwards of seventy years.
+
+I beg leave to repeat it for the use of your work, and to add, what I
+previously appended as likely to be interesting to the archæologist of
+Wales or the Marches, that the oak bearing it stands about half a mile
+N.W. of my residence here, on the earthen mound of Badamscourt, once a
+moated {215} mansion of the Herberts, or Ab-Adams, of Beachley adjacent,
+and of Llanllowell.
+
+George Ormerod.
+
+Sedbury Park, Chepstow.
+
+
+_Omnibuses._--It may be interesting to your readers at a future time to
+know when these vehicles, the use of which is daily extending, were
+introduced into this country; perhaps, therefore, you will allow me to
+state how the fact is. Mr. C. Knight, in his _Volume of Varieties_, p.
+178., observes:
+
+    "The Omnibus was tried about 1800, with four horses and six
+    wheels; but we refused to accept it in any shape till we
+    imported the fashion from Paris in 1830."
+
+And Mr. Shillibeer, of the City Road, the inventor of the patent funeral
+carriage, in his evidence before the Board of Health on the general
+scheme for extra-mural sepulture, incidentally mentions that he
+
+    "Had had much experience in cheapening vehicular transit, having
+    originated and established the Omnibus in England."--_Report_,
+    p. 124., 8vo. ed.
+
+Arun.
+
+
+_Havock._--Havock is a term in our ancient English military laws: the
+use of it was forbidden among the soldiery by the army regulations of
+those days; so in the Ordinances des Batailles in the ninth year of
+Richard II, art. x.:
+
+    "Item, que nul soit si hardi de crier havoick sur peine d'avoir
+    la teste coupe."
+
+This was properly a punishable offence in soldiers; havock being the cry
+of mutual encouragement to general massacre, unlimited slaughter, that
+no quarter should be given, &c. A tract on "The office of the constable
+and Mareshall in the tyme of Warre," contained in the black book of the
+Admiralty, has this passage:
+
+    "Also, that no man be so hardy to crye havock upon peyne that he
+    that is begynner shall be deede therefore: and the remanent that
+    doo the same, or follow, shall lose their horse and harneis ...
+    and his body in prison at the king's will."
+
+And this appears to answer well to the original term, which is taken
+from the ravages committed by a troop of wild beasts, wolves, lions,
+&c., falling on a flock of sheep. But some think it was originally a
+hunting term, importing the letting loose a pack of hounds. Shakspeare
+combines both senses:
+
+    "Cry havock! and let slip the dogs of war."
+
+In a copy of Johnson's _Dictionary_ before me, I find
+
+    "HAVOCK (haroc, Sax.), waste; wide and general devastation."
+    _Spenser_.
+
+    "HAVOCK, _interj_, a word of encouragement to slaughter."
+    _Shakspeare_.
+
+    "TO HAVOCK, _v. a._, to waste; to destroy; to lay waste."
+    _Spenser_.
+
+Jarltzberg.
+
+
+_Schlegel on Church Property in England._--Fr. Schlegel, in his
+_Philosophy of History_, says, p. 403., "in England and Sweden church
+property remained inviolate:" what the case may be in Sweden I do not
+know, but it appears strange that a man of such general knowledge as F.
+Schlegel should make such an assertion as regards England.
+
+S.N.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+QUERIES.
+
+P. MATHIEU'S LIFE OF SEJANUS.
+
+In a letter from Southey to his friend Bedford, dated Nov. 11, 1821
+(_Life and Correspondence_, vol. v. p. 99.), he desires him to inform
+Gifford that
+
+    "In a volume of tracts at Lowther, of Charles I.'s time, I found
+    a life of Sejanus by P.M., by which initials some hand,
+    apparently as old as the book, had written Philip Massinger. I
+    did not read the tract, being too keenly in pursuit of other
+    game; but I believe it had a covert aim at Buckingham. I have
+    not his Massinger, and, therefore, do not know whether he is
+    aware that this was ever ascribed to that author; if he is not,
+    he will be interested in the circumstance, and may think it
+    worthy of further inquiry."
+
+As others may be led by this hint to enter on such an inquiry, I would
+suggest that it may save much trouble if they first satisfy themselves
+that the _Life of Sejanus_ by P. Mathieu may not have been the tract
+which fell in Southey's way. It is to be found in a volume entitled
+
+    "_Unhappy Prosperity_, expressed in the History of Ælius Selanus
+    and Philippa the _Catanian_, with observations upon the fall of
+    Sejanus. Lastly, Certain Considerations upon the life and
+    Services of _Monsieur_ Villeroy, translated out of the original
+    [French] by _S'r T. H._[_awkins_], _second edition_, 12'o.
+    London, 1639."
+
+This was just eleven years after Buckingham met his fate at the hands of
+Felton. How long the interval between the first and this, the second
+edition, may have been, I cannot tell. Nor do I know enough of the
+politics of the time to determine whether anything can be inferred from
+the fact that the translation is dedicated to William Earl of Salisbury,
+or to warrant me in saying that these illustrations of the fate of royal
+favourites may have been brought before the English public with any view
+to the case of George Villiers. A passage, however, in Mathieu's
+dedication of the original "to the king," seems to render it not
+improbable, certainly not inapplicable:
+
+    "You (Sir) shall therein [in this history] behold, that _a
+    prince ought to be very carefull to conserve his authority
+    entire. Great ones_ [court favourites] _here may learne_, it is
+    not good to play with the generous {216} Lyon though he suffer
+    it, and that _favours are precipices for such as abuse them_."
+
+Having referred to this work of Mathieu's, I shall feel obliged to any
+of your correspondents who will favour me with a notice of it, or of the
+author.
+
+Balliolensis.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE ANTIQUITY OF SMOKING.
+
+I feel much interested in the Query of your correspondent Z.A.Z. (Vol.
+ii., p. 41.) I had a "Query" something similar, with a "Note" on it,
+lying by me for some time, which I send you as they stand.--Was not
+smoking in use in England and other countries before the introduction of
+tobacco? Whitaker says, a few days after the tower of Kirkstall Abbey
+fell, 1779, he
+
+    "Discovered imbedded in the mortar of the fallen fragments
+    several little smoking pipes, such as were used in the reign of
+    James I. for tobacco; a proof of a fact _which has not been
+    recorded_, that, prior to the introduction of that plant from
+    America, the practice of inhaling the smoke of some indigenous
+    plant or vegetable prevailed in England." (_Loidis and Elmete_.)
+
+Allowing, then, pipes to have been coeval with the erection of
+Kirkstall, we find them to have been used in England about 400 years
+before the introduction of tobacco. On the other hand, as Dr. Whitaker
+says, we find _no record_ of their being used, or of smoking being
+practised; and it is almost inconceivable that our ancestors should have
+had such a practice, without any allusion being made to it by any
+writers. As to the antiquity of smoking in Ireland, the first of Irish
+antiquaries, the learned and respected Dr. Petrie, says:
+
+    "The custom of smoking is of much greater antiquity in Ireland
+    than the introduction of tobacco into Europe. Smoking pipes made
+    of bronze are frequently found in our Irish _tumuli_, or
+    sepulchral mounds, of the most remote antiquity; and similar
+    pipes, made of baked clay, are discovered daily in all parts of
+    the island. A curious instance of the _bathos_ in sculpture,
+    which also illustrates the antiquity of this custom, occurs on
+    the monument of Donogh O'Brien, king of Thomond, who was killed
+    in 1267, and interred in the Abbey of Corcumrac, in the co. of
+    Clare, of which his family were the founders. He is represented
+    in the usual recumbent posture, with the short pipe or _dudeen_
+    of the Irish in his mouth."
+
+In the _Anthologia Hibernica_ for May 1793, vol. i. p. 352., we have
+some remarks on the antiquity of smoking "among the German and Northern
+nations," who, the writer says, "were clearly acquainted with, and
+cultivated tobacco, which they smoked through wooden and earthen tubes."
+He refers to Herod. lib. i. sec. 36.; Strabo, lib. vii. 296.; Pomp. Mela
+2, and Solinus, c. 15.
+
+Wherever we go, we see smoking so universal a practice, and people
+"taking to it so naturally," that we are inclined to believe that it was
+always so; that our first father enjoyed a quiet puff now and then;
+(that, like a poet, man "nascitur non fit" a smoker); and that the
+soothing power of this narcotic tranquillised the soul of the aquatic
+patriarch, disturbed by the roar of billows and the convulsions of
+nature, and diffused its peaceful influence over the inmates of the ark.
+Yes, we are tempted to spurn the question, When and where was smoking
+introduced? as being equal to When and where was _man_ introduced? Yet,
+as some do not consider man as a smoking animal "de natu et ab initio,"
+the question may provoke some interesting replies from your learned
+correspondents.
+
+Jarltzberg.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+SIR GREGORY NORTON, BART.
+
+I am desirous to be informed of the date and particulars of the above
+baronetcy having been created. In _The Mystery of the good old Cause
+briefly unfolded_ (1660), it is stated, at p. 26., that Sir Gregory
+Norton, Bart. (one of the king's judges), had Richmond House, situated
+in the _Old_ Park, and much of the king's goods, for an inconsiderable
+value. Sir Gregory Norton has a place also in _The Loyal Martyrology_ of
+Winstanley (1665), p. 130.; and also in _History of the King-killers_
+(1719), part 6. p. 75. It is unnecessary to refer to Noble's
+_Regicides_, he having simply copied the two preceding works. Sir
+Gregory died before the Restoration, in 1652, and escaped the vindictive
+executions which ensued, and was buried at Richmond in Surrey. There was
+a Sir _Richard_ Norton, Bart., of Rotherfield, _Hants_ (Query
+Rotherfield, _Sussex_, near Tunbridge Wells), who is mentioned by
+Sylvanus Morgan in his _Sphere of Gentry_; but he does not record a Sir
+Gregory. Nor does the latter occur in a perfect collection of the
+knights made by King James I., by J.P. (Query John Philipot?), London,
+Humphrey Moseley, 1660, 8vo. I have examined all the various works on
+extinct and dormant baronetcies ineffectually. In the _Mercurius
+Publicus_ of Thursday, 28th June, 1660, it appears that on the preceding
+Saturday the House of Commons settled the manor of Richmond, with house
+and materials, purchased by Sir Gregory Norton, Bart., on the queen
+(Henrietta Maria) as part of her jointure.
+
+D.N.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MINOR QUERIES.
+
+_City Offices._--Can any of your correspondents recommend some book
+which gives a good history of the different public offices of the city
+of London, with their duties and qualifications, and in whom the
+appointments are vested?
+
+A Citizen.
+
+
+_Harefinder, Meaning of._--Can any of your readers kindly give a
+feasible explanation of {217} phrase _harefinder_, as it occurs in _Much
+Ado about Nothing_, Act i. Sc. 1.? A reference to any similar term in a
+contemporary would be very valuable.
+
+B.
+
+
+_Saffron-bag._--Having lately read Sir E.B. Lytton's novel of _The
+Caxtons_--to which I must give a passing tribute of admiration--I have
+been a good deal puzzled, first, to ascertain the meaning, and, second,
+the origin of the _saffron-bag_ of which he speaks so much. I have asked
+many persons, and have not been able to obtain a satisfactory solution
+of my difficulty. Should you or any of your contributors be able, I wish
+you would enlighten not only me but many of my equally unlearned
+friends.
+
+W.C. Luard.
+
+
+_Bishop Berkley's successful Experiments._--I have somewhere read that
+Bishop Berkley succeeded in increasing the stature of an individual
+placed in his charge. Will any of your correspondents give me the
+details of such process, with their opinions as to the practicability of
+the scheme?
+
+F.W.
+
+
+_Portrait (Unknown)._--A very carefully painted portrait, on an oak
+panel, has been in the possession of my family for many years, and I
+should be much pleased if any of your correspondents could enable me to
+identify the personage.
+
+The figure, which is little more than a head, is nearly the size of
+life, and represents an elderly man with grey hair and a long venerable
+beard: the dress, which is but little shown, is black. At the upper part
+of the panel, on the dexter side, is a shield, bearing these
+arms:--Argent on a fess sable between three crosses patées, Or, as many
+martlets of the last. Above the shield is written "In cruce glorior." I
+have searched in vain for those arms. On the prints published by the
+Society of Antiquaries, of the funeral of Abbot Islip, is one nearly
+similar,--the field ermine on a fess between three crosses patées, as
+many martlets. The colours are not shown by the engraver. A manuscript
+ordinary, by Glover, in my possession, contains another, which is
+somewhat like that on the picture, being--Argent on a fess engrailed
+sable, bearing three crosses patées, Gules, as many martlets on the
+field. This is there ascribed to "Canon George." It is very probable
+that the gold crosses on the white field was an error of the portrait
+painter.
+
+The size of the oak panel, which is thick, is seventeen inches wide, and
+twenty-two in height. The motto is in a cursive hand, apparently of
+about the time of Edward VI.
+
+T.W.
+
+
+_Wives, Custom of Selling._--Has there ever been any foundation in law
+for the practice of selling of wives, which our neighbours the French
+persist in believing to be perfectly legal and common at the present
+day? What was the origin of the custom? An amusing series of "Notes"
+might be made, from instances in which the custom is introduced as
+characteristic of English manners, by French and other foreign writers.
+
+G.L.B.
+
+
+_Hepburn Crest and Motto._--Can some of your numerous readers give me
+the origin of the crest and motto of the family of Hepburn, namely, a
+horse argent, furnished gules, passant, and tied to a tree proper.
+Motto, "Keep Traist."
+
+I should also be glad to know the name of any book containing the
+legends, or authentic stories, relating to the heraldic bearings of
+various families?
+
+R.E.
+
+
+_Concolinel._--I have recently met with a curious manuscript which
+contains numerous tunes of the time of Queen Elizabeth, one of which is
+stated in a recent hand to be the "tune of _Concolinel_ mentioned by
+Shakspeare;" but the old index, if there was one that indicated this, is
+now missing. My reason for writing to you is to ask whether Dr.
+Rimbault, or any of your other correspondents, can refer me to any
+information that will enable me to ascertain whether my MS. really
+contains that tune. It certainly does contain several others noticed by
+Shakspeare.
+
+R.
+
+
+"_One Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church._"--Can any of your
+correspondents inform me how, or why, the word "holy" is omitted in the
+above article of the Nicene (Constantinopolitan) Creed, in all our
+Prayer-books? It is not omitted in the original Greek and Latin.
+
+J.M.W.
+
+
+_The Norfolk Dialect._--Mr. Dickens' attempt to give interest to his new
+novel by introducing this dialect would have been even more successful
+had he been more familiar with the curious peculiarities of that
+east-coast language. Many of the words are, I believe, quite peculiar to
+Norfolk and Suffolk, such as, for instance, the following:
+
+  _Mawther_, a girl, a wench.
+  _Gotsch_, a stone jug.
+  _Holl_, a dry ditch.
+  _Anan? An?_ an interrogation used when the
+  speaker does not understand a question put to him.
+  _To be muddled_, to be distressed in mind.
+  _Together_, an expletive used thus: where are
+  you going _together?_ (meaning several persons)--what
+  are you doing _together?_
+
+Perhaps some reader can explain the origin of these words.
+
+Icenus.
+
+
+_Sir John Perrot._--Sir John Perrot, governor of Ireland in the reign of
+Henry VIII., was one of the few rulers over that most unfortunate
+country who have ruled it wisely. I believe that he was beheaded in the
+reign of Elizabeth. Will any of your readers kindly inform me whether
+his life has {218} ever been published, or where I can meet with the
+best account of him?
+
+E.N.W.
+
+
+"_Antiquitas sæculi juventus mundi._"--Mr. Craik in his admirable little
+work on _Bacon; his Writings and his Philosophy_, after quoting the
+paragraph containing this fine aphoristic expression, remarks that,
+
+    "From the manner in which it is here introduced as a Latin
+    phrase, there would seen to be some reason for doubting whether
+    it be an original thought of Bacon's. It has much the appearance
+    of some aphorism or adage of the schools." (Vol. ii. p. 55.)
+
+Mr. Craik adds in a note,
+
+    "A friend, however, who, if we were to name him, would be
+    recognised as one of the first of living authorities on all
+    points connected with the history of learning and philosophy,
+    informs us that he feels certain of having never met with the
+    expression or the thought in any writer previous to Bacon."
+
+In Basil Montagu's edition of _The Advancement of Learning_ it is marked
+as a quotation. Query. Has the expression, or the thought, been traced
+to any writer previous to Bacon?
+
+J.M.B.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+REPLIES.
+
+DERIVATION OF NEWS.
+
+I have no wish to prolong the controversy on this word, in which I feel
+I, at least, have had my share. I beg room, however, for an observation
+on one or two very pertinent remarks by Mr. Singer.
+
+In the course of this argument I have seen that if _news_ were
+originally a plural noun, it might be taken for an ellipsis of
+_new-tidings_. My objection to this would be twofold. First, that the
+adjective _new_ is of too common use, and, at the same time, too general
+and vague to form an ellipsis intelligible on its first application;
+and, secondly, that the ellipsis formed of _new-tidings_ would be found
+to express no more than _tidings_, still requiring the _new_, if the
+idea of _new_ were required, as in the instance Mr. Singer cites of _new
+newes_.
+
+I would not pretend to determine whether the word were taken from the
+High German or the Dutch; but Mr. Singer's remark, that our language has
+derived scarcely anything from the former, brings back the question to
+the point from which I originally started. That there was a political
+and commercial connexion between the two countries, I suppose there can
+be no doubt and such, I imagine, never existed without leaving its marks
+on languages so near akin.
+
+Taking up Bailey's _Dictionary_ by accident a day or two ago, I turned
+to the word, which I there find as derived from Newes, _Teut_.; Bailey
+using the term _Teutonic_ for German.
+
+I think I shall express the feelings of the majority of your readers in
+saying that nothing could be more acceptable or valuable to the
+consideration of any etymological question than the remarks of Mr.
+Singer.
+
+Samuel Hickson.
+
+
+I have read with much interest the respective theories of the derivation
+of _news_, and it seems to me that Mr. Hickson's opinion must give way
+to an excellent authority in questions of this kind, Dr. Latham, who
+says,
+
+    Some say, _this news_ IS good in which case the word is
+    singular. More rarely we find the expression, _these news_ ARE
+    good; in which case the word "news" is plural. In the word
+    "news", the -_s_ (unlike the -_s_ in _alms_ and _riches_) is no
+    part of the original singular, but the sign of the plural, like
+    the -_s_ in "trees." Notwithstanding this, we cannot subtract
+    the _s_, and say "new," in the same way that we _can_ form
+    "tree" from "trees." Hence the word "news" is, in respect to its
+    original form, plural; in respect to its meaning, either
+    singular or plural, most frequently the former.--_Eng.
+    Grammar_, p. 62.
+
+The above extract will probably suffice to show the true state of the
+case, and for information on similar points I would refer your readers
+to the work from which the above extract is taken, and also to that on
+_The English Language_, by the same author.
+
+T. C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES.
+
+_Swords worn in public_ (Vol. i., p. 415.; vol. ii. p. 110.).--I am
+surprised that the curious topic suggested by the Query of J.D.A. has
+not been more satisfactorily answered. Wedsecuarf's reply (Vol. ii., p.
+110.) is short, and not quite exact. He says that "Swords ceased to be
+worn as an article of dress through the influence of Beau Nash, and were
+consequently first out of fashion at Bath;" and he quotes the authority
+of Sir Lucius O'Trigger as to "wearing no swords _there_." Now, it is, I
+believe, true that Nash endeavoured to discountenance the wearing swords
+at Bath; but it is certain that they were commonly worn twenty or thirty
+years later.
+
+Sir Lucius O'Trigger talks of Bath in 1774, near twenty years after
+Nash's reign, and, even at that time, only says that swords were "not
+worn _there_"--implying that they were worn elsewhere; and we know that
+Sheridan's own duel at Bath was a rencontre, he and his adversary,
+Mathews, both wearing swords. I remember my father's swords hung up in
+his dressing-room, and his telling me that he had worn a sword, even in
+the streets, so late as about 1779 or 1780. In a set of characteristic
+sketches of eminent persons about the year 1782, several wear swords;
+and one or two members of the House of Commons, evidently represented in
+the attitude of speaking, have swords. I have seen a picture of the Mall
+in {219} St. James's Park, of about that date, in which all the men have
+swords.
+
+I suspect they began to go out of common use about 1770 and were nearly
+left off in ordinary life in 1780; but were still occasionally worn,
+both in public and private, till the French Revolution, when they
+totally went out, except in court dress.
+
+If any of your correspondents who has access to the Museum would look
+through the prints representing out-of-doors life, from Hogarth to
+Gilray, he would probably be able to furnish you with some precise and
+amusing details on this not unimportant point in the history of manners.
+
+C.
+
+
+_Quarles' Pension_ (Vol. ii., p. 171.).--There should have been added to
+the reference there given, viz. "Vol. i., p. 201." (at which place there
+is no question as to Quarles' _pension_), another to Vol. i., p. 245.,
+where that question is raised. I think this worth noting, as "Quarles"
+does not appear in the Index, and the imperfect reference might lead
+inquirers astray. It seems very curious that the inquiry as to the
+precise meaning of Pope's couplet has as yet received no explanation.
+
+C.
+
+
+_Franz von Sickingen_ (Vol. i., p. 131.).--I regret that I cannot
+resolve the doubt of H.J.H. respecting Albert Durer's allegorical print
+of _The Knight, Death, and the Devil_, of which I have only what I
+presume is a copy or retouched plate, bearing the date 1564 on the
+tablet in the lower left-hand corner, where I suppose the mark of Albert
+Durer is placed in the original.
+
+I should, however, much doubt its being intended as a portrait of
+Sickingen, and I can trace no resemblance to the medal given by Luckius.
+I believe the conjecture originated with Bartsch, in his _Peintre
+Graveur_, vol. vii. p. 107. Schoeber, in his _Life of Durer_, p. 87.,
+supposes that it is an allegory of the nature of a soldier's life.
+
+It was this print that inspired La Motte Fouqué with the idea of his
+_Sintram_ as he thus informs us in the postscript to that singularly
+romantic tale:
+
+    "Some years since there lay among my birth-day presents a
+    beautiful engraving of Albert Durer. A harnessed knight, with an
+    oldish countenance, is riding upon his high steed, attended by
+    his dog, through a fearful valley, where fragments of rock and
+    roots of trees distort themselves into loathsome forms; and
+    poisonous weeds rankle along the ground. Evil vermin are
+    creeping along through them. Beside him Death is riding on a
+    wasted pony; from behind the form of a devil stretches over its
+    clawed arm toward him. Both horse and dog look strangely, as it
+    were infected by the hideous objects that surround them; but the
+    knight rides quietly along his way, and bears upon the tip of
+    his lance a lizard that he has already speared. A castle, with
+    its rich friendly battlements, looks over from afar, whereat the
+    desolateness of the valley penetrates yet deeper into the soul.
+    The friend who gave me this print added a letter, with a request
+    that I would explain the mysterious forms by a ballad.... I bear
+    the image with me in peace and in war, until it has now spun
+    itself out into a little romance."
+
+S.W. Singer.
+
+Mickleham Aug. 13. 1850.
+
+
+"_Noli me tangere_" (Vol. ii., p. 153.).--B.R. is informed, that one of
+the finest paintings on this subject is the altar-piece in All Souls
+College Chapel, Oxford. It is the production of Raphael Mengs, and was
+purchased for the price of three hundred guineas of Sir James Thornhill,
+who painted the figure of the founder over the altar, the ceiling, and
+the figures between the windows. There may be other paintings by earlier
+masters on so interesting subject, but none can surpass this of Raphael
+Mengs in the truthfulness of what he has here delineated. The exact size
+of the picture I do not recollect, but it cannot be less than ten feet
+high.
+
+There is a beautiful engraving of it by Sherwin.
+
+J.M.G.
+
+Worcester.
+
+
+_Dr. Bowring's Translations_ (Vol. ii. p. 152.).--Besides the
+anthologies mentioned by Jarltzberg, Dr. Bowring has published _Poets of
+the Magyars_, 8vo. London, 1830; _Specimens of Polish Poets_, 1827;
+_Servian popular Poetry_, 1827; and a _Cheskian Anthology_, 1832.
+
+H.H.W.
+
+
+"_Speak the Tongue that Shakspeare spoke_" (Vol. ii., p. 135.).--The
+lines about which X. asks, are
+
+  "We must be free or die, who speak the tongue
+  That Shakspeare spake; the faith and morals hold
+  Which Milton held," &c.
+
+They are in one of Wordsworth's glorious "Sonnets to Liberty" (the
+sixteenth), and belong to _us_, and not to the New-Englanders.
+
+G.N.
+
+
+_Countess of Desmond_ (Vol. ii., pp. 153. 186.).--In reply to K., I have
+an impression that Horace Walpole has a kind of dissertation on the _Old
+Countess of Desmond_, to whom his attention was directed by her being
+said to have danced with Richard III. Having no books at hand, I cannot
+speak positively; but if K. turns to Walpole's _Works_, he will see
+whether my memory is correct. I myself once looked, many years ago, into
+the subject, and satisfied myself that the great age attributed to _any_
+Countess of Desmond must be a fable; and that the portrait of her (I
+think, at Windsor) was so gross an imposition as to be really that of an
+old man. I made a "Note"--indeed many--of the circumstances which led me
+to this conclusion; but they are at this moment inaccessible to me. I
+venture however, now that the question is revived, to offer these vague
+suggestions. By and by, if the subject be not exhausted, I shall
+endeavour to find my "Notes," and communicate them to you. I wonder the
+{220} absurdity of the kind of death imputed to the imaginary lady did
+not reflect back a corresponding incredulity as to the length of her
+life.
+
+C.
+
+
+_Yorkshire Dales_ (Vol. ii., p. 154.).--No guide or description has been
+published that would serve as a handbook to the dales in the West Riding
+of Yorkshire between Lancashire and Westmoreland. Should A PEDESTRIAN
+wish to explore the beauties of Teesdale he will find a useful handbook
+in a little work, published anonymously in 1813, called _A Tour in
+Teesdale, including Rokeby and its Environs_. The author was Richard
+Garland, of Hull, who died several years ago.
+
+[Greek: Delta].
+
+
+_The Yorkshire Dales_ (Vol. ii., p. 154.).--In answer to a recent
+inquiry, I beg to state that a guide to the above dales is in
+preparation. It will be edited by your humble servant, illustrated by a
+well-known gentleman, and published by Mr. Effingham Wilson.
+
+J.H. DIXON.
+
+Tollington Villa, Hornsey.
+
+    [We are glad to hear that such a Guide is preparing by Mr.
+    Dixon, whose knowledge of the locality peculiarly fits him for
+    the work he has undertaken.]
+
+
+_Sir Thomas Herbert's Memoirs_ (Vol. ii., p. 140.).--The information MR.
+GATTY wishes for, he will find in Dr. Bliss's edition of the _Athenæ_,
+vol. iv. p. 18. He will perform an acceptable service to historical
+inquirers, if he will collate the printed memoir with the MS. in the
+possession of his friend, and give to the world such passages, if any,
+as have not been hitherto published.
+
+[Greek: Delta].
+
+
+_Alarum_ (Vol. ii., pp. 151. 183.).--There can be no doubt that the word
+_alarm_ (originally French) comes from the warning war-cry _à l'arme_.
+So all the French philologists agree; and the modern variance of _aux
+armes_ does not invalidate so plain an etymology. When CH. admits that
+there can be no doubt that _alarm_ and _alarum_ are identical, it seems
+to one that _cadit questio_,--that all his doubts and queries are
+answered. I will add, however, that it appears that in the words'
+original sense of an _awakening cry_, Shakspeare generally, if not
+always, spelled it _alarum_. Thus--
+
+  "Ring the _alarum_ bell!"--_Macbeth_.
+
+                     "--Murder
+  "_Alarum'd_ by his sentinel the wolf."
+  _Macbeth_.
+
+  "When she speaks, is it not an _alarum_ to love?"
+  _Othello_.
+
+  "But when he saw my _best-alarum'd_ spirits roused
+  to the encounter."--_Lear_.
+
+In all these cases _alarum_ means incitement, not _alarm_ in the
+secondary or metaphorical sense of the word, which has now become the
+ordinary one. In truth, the meanings, though of identical origin, have
+become almost contradictions: for instance, in the passage from
+_Othello_, an "alarum to love"--incitement to love--is nearly the
+reverse of what an "alarm to love" would be taken to mean.
+
+C.
+
+
+_Practice of Scalping among the Scythians, &c_. (Vol. ii., p.
+141.).--Your correspondent T.J. will find in Livy, x. 26., that the
+practice of scalping existed among the Kelts.
+
+    "Nec ante ad consules ... famam ejus cladis perlatam, quam in
+    conspectu fuere Gallorum equites pectoribus equorurn suspensa
+    gestantes capita, et lanceis infixa ovantesque moris sui
+    carmine."
+
+W.B.D.
+
+
+_Gospel Tree_ (Vol. ii., p. 56.).--In reply to W.H.B., I may mention
+that there is a "Gospel Tree" near Leamington. I do not know of one so
+called in Gloucestershire.
+
+GRIFFIN.
+
+
+_Martinet_ (Vol. ii., p. 118.).--There is no doubt the term _martinet_
+is derived from the general officer _M. de Martinet_ indicated by MR. C.
+FORBES, and who was, as Voltaire states, celebrated for having restored
+and improved the discipline and tactics of the French army; whence very
+strict officers came to be called _martinets_: but is it also from this
+restorer of discipline that the name of what we call _cat-o'-nine-tails_
+is in French _martinet_? This is rather an interesting Query,
+considering how severely our neighbours censure our use of that
+auxiliary to discipline.
+
+C.
+
+
+_"Yote" or "Yeot"_ (Vol. ii., p. 89.).--You may inform B. that _Yote_ or
+_Yeot_ is only provincial pronunciation of _Yate_ or _Gate_, a way or
+road. The channel made to conduct melted metal into the receptacle
+intended for it, is called a gate.
+
+GRIFFIN.
+
+
+_Map of London_ (Vol. ii., p. 56.).--The map of London, temp. Edw. VI.,
+in the Sutherland collection, has been recently engraved. It is of
+singular curiosity. I do not know the name of the publisher.
+
+R.
+
+
+_Wood-carving, Snow Hill_ (Vol. ii., p. 134.).--The carving alluded to
+by A.C. is, I believe, of artificial stone, and represents Æsop attended
+by a child, to whom he appears to be narrating his fables. It is or
+rather _was_, a work of some merit, and is, as A.C. observes, "worth
+preserving;" but, alas! of this there is but little chance. The house in
+question (No. 41. Skinner Street), and also the one adjoining, have been
+tenantless for many years; they belong to two old ladies, who also own
+the two deserted houses at the corner of Stamford Street, Blackfriars
+Road. It is scarcely necessary to speak of the now somewhat picturesque
+condition of the houses alluded to in either locality, for the pitiably
+dilapidated condition of them all must have been matter of remark for
+many years past to any one at all acquainted with London. {221} The
+house, 41. Skinner Street, is also worthy of remark from another
+circumstance. It was formerly occupied by William Godwin, the well-known
+author of _Caleb Williams, Political Justice_, &c. It was here he opened
+a bookseller's shop, and published his numerous juvenile works, under
+the assumed name of Edward Baldwin.
+
+E.B. PRICE.
+
+
+_Waltheof_ (Vol. ii, p. 167.).--I believe that Waltheof (or Wallef, as
+he is always styled in Doomsday Book) never appeared at the court of
+William the Conqueror in the character of an envoy; but in 1067, little
+better than six months after the first landing of the Normans, we find
+him, in conjunction with Edgar Atheling and others, accompanying the
+Conqueror in his triumphal return to Normandy, as a hostage and
+guarantee for the quiescence of his countrymen. At this period, it is
+probable he might have first become acquainted with Judith; but this
+must rest on conjecture. At all events, we have the authority of William
+of Malmsbury for saying that Waltheof's marriage did not take place
+until the year 1070, soon after his reconciliation with the king on the
+banks of the Tees. Your correspondent errs in ascribing 1070 as the date
+of Waltheof's execution; the _Saxon Chronicle_ distinctly states May
+31st, 1076, as the date of his death; while the chronicle of Mailros,
+and Florence of Worcester, assign it to the preceding year: in which
+they are followed by Augustin Thierry. T.E.L.L. has also fallen into an
+error as to the cause of Waltheof's execution, which he states arose
+from his participation in a conspiracy at York. Now the crime for which
+he was accused, and condemned (on the evidence of his wife), was his
+inviting over the Danes to the invasion of England. This was the primary
+cause; although his being present at the celebrated marriage-feast at
+Norwich was doubtless a secondary one. According to Thierry, he left two
+children by Judith.
+
+DAVID STEVENS.
+
+Godalming.
+
+
+_The Dodo_ (Vol. i., pp. 261. 410.).--I have the pleasure to supply Mr.
+Strickland with the elucidation he desires in his Query 7., by referring
+to Hyde, _Historia Religionis Vet. Persarum_, p. 312.
+
+    "Et ut de Patre (Zoroastris) conveniunt, sic inter omnes
+    convenit Matris ejus nomen fuisse Dôghdu, quod (liquescente _gh_
+    ut in vocibus Anglicis, _high_, _mighty_, &c.) apud eos
+    plerumque sonat Dôdu; nam sonus Gain in medio vocum fere
+    evanescere solet. Hocque nomen innuit quasi foecundidate ea
+    similis esset ejusdem nominis Gallinæ Indicæ, cujus Icon apud
+    Herbertum in Itinerario extat sub nomine Dodo, cujus etiam
+    exuviæ farctæ in Auditorio Anatomico Oxoniensi servantur.
+    Reliqua ex Icone dignoscantur. Plurima parit ova, unde et
+    commodum foecunditatis emblema."
+
+T.J.
+
+
+"_Under the Rose_" (Vol. i., p. 214.).--I find the three following
+derivations for this phrase in my note-book:--
+
+    I. "The expression, 'under the rose,' took its origin," says
+    Jenoway, "from the wars between the Houses of York and
+    Lancaster. The parties respectively swore by the red or the
+    white rose, and these opposite emblems were displayed as the
+    _signs of two taverns_; one of which was by the side of, and the
+    other opposite to, the Parliament House in Old Palace Yard,
+    Westminster. Here the retainers and servants of the noblemen
+    attached to the Duke of York and Henry VI. used to meet. Here
+    also, as disturbances were frequent, measures either of defence
+    or annoyance were taken, and every transaction was said to be
+    done 'under the rose;' by which expression the most profound
+    secrecy was implied."
+
+II. According to others, this term originated in the fable of Cupid
+giving the rose to Harpocrates, the god of silence, as a bribe to
+prevent him betraying the amours of Venus, and was hence adopted as the
+emblem of silence. The rose was for this reason frequently sculptured on
+the ceilings of drinking and feasting, rooms, as a warning to the guests
+that what was said in moments of conviviality should not be repeated;
+from which, what was intended to be kept secret was said to be held
+"under the rose."
+
+III. Roses were consecrated as presents from the Pope. In 1526, they
+were placed over the goals of confessionals as the symbols of secrecy.
+Hence the origin of the phrase "Under the Rose."
+
+JARLTZBERG.
+
+
+_Ergh, Er, or Argh._--Might not these words (queried by T.W., Vol. ii. p
+22.) be corruptions of "_burgh_," aspirated _wurgh_, and the aspirate
+then dropped; or might not _ark, argh_, &c., be corruptions of "_wark_:"
+thus Southwark, commonly pronounced _Southark_? I merely offer this as a
+conjecture.
+
+JARLTZBERG.
+
+
+_Royal Supporters_ (Vol. ii., p. 136.).--E.C. asks when and why the
+unicorn was introduced as one of the royal supporters. It was introduced
+by James VI. of Scotland when he ascended the throne of England, on
+account of the Scottish royal supporters being two unicorns rampant
+argent, crowned with imperial, and gorged with antique, crowns, with
+chains affixed to the latter passing between their forelegs and reflexed
+over their backs, unguled, armed, and crined, all or; the dexter one
+embracing and bearing up a banner of gold charged with the royal arms;
+the sinister, another banner azure, charged with the cross of St.
+Andrew, argent. Queen Elizabeth had used as supporters, dexter, a lion
+rampant gardant, crowned; and sinister, a dragon rampant, both or. She
+also used a lion ramp. gardant crowned, and a greyhound, both or. James
+adopted as supporters, dexter, a lion ramp. gardant, {222} crowned with
+the imperial crown, or; sinister, an unicorn argent, armed, crined,
+unguled, gorged with a coronet composed of crosses patées, and
+fleurs-de-lis, a chain affixed thereto passing between its forelegs, and
+reflexed over the back, all or. These have been used as the royal
+supporters ever since their first adoption, with but one exception, and
+that is in the seal of the Exchequer, time of Charles I., where the
+supporters are an antelope and stag, both ducally collared and chained.
+
+E.K.
+
+
+_The Frog and the Crow of Ennow_.--In answer to M. (Vol. ii., p. 136.),
+I send you the edition of "the frog and the crow" which I have been
+familiar with since childhood. I can give you no history of it, save
+that it is tolerably well known in Lancashire, and that the _point_
+consists in giving a scream over the last "oh!" which invariably, if
+well done, elicits a start even in those who are familiar with the
+rhyme, and know what to expect.
+
+  _The Frog and the Crow_.
+
+  "There was a jolly fat frog lived in the river Swimmo,
+  And there was a comely black crow lived on the
+          river Brimmo;
+  Come on shore, come on shore, said the crow to the
+          frog, and then, oh;
+  No, you'll bite me, no, you'll bite me, said the frog
+          to the crow again, oh.
+
+  "But there is sweet music on yonder green hill, oh,
+  And you shall be a dancer, a dancer in yellow,
+  All in yellow, all in yellow, said the crow to the frog,
+          and then, oh;
+  Sir, I thank you, Sir, I thank you, said the frog to
+          the crow again, oh.
+
+  "Farewell, ye little fishes, that are in the river Swimmo,
+  For I am going to be a dancer, a dancer in yellow;
+  Oh, beware, Oh, beware, said the fish to the frog
+          again, oh;
+  All in yellow, all in yellow, said the frog to the fish,
+          and then, oh.
+
+  "The frog he came a-swimming, a-swimming, to
+          land, oh,
+  And the crow, he came a-hopping to lend him his
+          hand, oh;
+  Sir, I thank you; Sir, I thank you, said the frog to
+          the crow, and then, oh;
+  Sir, you're welcome; Sir, you're welcome, said the
+          crow to the frog again, oh.
+
+  "But where is the music on yonder green hill, oh;
+  And where are the dancers, the dancers in yellow,
+  All in yellow, all in yellow? said the frog to the
+          crow, and then, oh;
+  Sir, they're here; Sir, they're here, said the crow to
+          the frog, and eat him all up, _Oh_," (screamed.)
+
+The moral is obvious, and the diction too recent for the song to have
+any great antiquity. I have never seen it in print.
+
+T.I.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MISCELLANEOUS.
+
+NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.
+
+It would, we think, be extremely difficult to find any subject upon
+which persons, otherwise well informed, were so entirely ignorant, until
+the appearance of Mrs. Jameson's _Sacred and Legendary Art_, as the one
+upon which that lady treated in those ably written and beautifully
+illustrated volumes. It seemed as if the Act of Henry VIII., which
+declared that the name and remembrance of Thomas à Becket should be
+erased from all documents, had had the effect of obliterating from all
+memories not only the often puerile, often offensive stories of the
+legend-mongers, but, with them, all remembrance of those holy men of
+old, whose piety towards God, and love for their fellow men, furnished
+example for all succeeding ages. To readers of all classes Mrs. Jameson
+opened up a new and most interesting subject: to lovers of Art almost a
+new world, from the light which her learning and criticism threw upon
+its master-pieces. What wonder is it, then, that the success of her
+_Sacred and Legendary Art_, confined as the two volumes necessarily were
+to legends of angels and archangels, evangelists and apostles, the
+Fathers, the Magdalene, the patron saints, the virgin patronesses, the
+martyrs, bishops and hermits, and the patron saints of christendom,
+should have led Mrs. Jameson to continue her labours? The first part of
+such continuation is now before us, under the title of _Legends of the
+Monastic Orders_: and most fitting it is that the three great divisions
+of the regular ecclesiastics should be thus commemorated, since of them
+Mrs. Jameson aptly remarks, that while each had a distinct vocation,
+there was one vocation common to all:--"The Benedictine Monks instituted
+schools of learning; the Augustines built noble cathedrals; the
+Mendicant Orders founded hospitals: _all_ became patrons of the Fine
+Arts on such a scale of munificence, that the protection of the most
+renowned princes has been mean and insignificant in comparison." Nor is
+this their only claim; for the earliest artists of the Middle Ages were
+monks of the Benedictine Order. "As architects, as glass painters, as
+mosaic workers, as carvers in wood and metal, they were the precursors
+of all that has since been achieved in Christian Art: and if so few of
+these admirable and gifted men are known to us individually and by name,
+it is because they worked for the honour of God and their community, not
+for profit, nor for reputation." The merits of Mrs. Jameson's first
+series were universally acknowledged. The present volume may claim as
+high a meed of praise. If possible, it exceeds its predecessors in
+literary interest, and in the beauty of the etchings and woodcuts which
+accompany it. As a handbook to the traveller who wanders through the
+treasuries of Art, it will be indispensable; while to those who are
+destined not to leave their homes it will be invaluable, for the light
+it throws upon the social condition of Europe in those ages in which the
+monastic orders had their origin. It is a volume highly suggestive both
+of Notes and Queries, and in such forms we shall take occasion to return
+to it.
+
+Messrs. Puttick and Simpson (191. Piccadilly) will commence, on Monday
+next, a four-days sale of the {223} library of the late Rev. Dr.
+Johnson, Rector of Perranuthnoe, consisting of a good collection of
+theological and miscellaneous books.
+
+We have received the following Catalogues:--John Leslie's (58. Great
+Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn) Catalogue of English and Foreign Theology,
+including several works of very rare occurrence, and forming the largest
+portion of the valuable library of the Rev. W. Maskell, M.A.; C.
+Gancia's (73. King's Road, Brighton,) Second Catalogue of a Choice
+Collection of Foreign Books, MSS., Books printed upon vellum, many of
+them great rarities, and seldom to be met with; J. Miller's (43. Chandos
+Street, Trafalgar Square,) Catalogue No. X. for 1850 of Books Old and
+New.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
+
+WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+
+
+DAVIS, T., SOME INSTRUCTIONS FOR COLLECTING AND PRESERVING PLANTS,
+ANIMALS, 8vo., London, 1798.
+
+THOMPSON'S REPORT ON THE FAUNA OF IRELAND, 8vo. London, 1844.
+
+FORBES ON THE MOLLUSCA AND RADIATA OF THE ÆGEAN SEA. 1844.
+
+WHITECHURCH'S HISPANIOLA, (A POEM), 12mo. London, 1805.
+
+RICKMAN'S ODE ON THE BLACKS, 4to. London, 1804.
+
+REEVES' HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LAW.
+
+COSTARD'S HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY, 4to. London, 1767.
+
+MUNCHHAUSEN'S TRAVELS, PLATES BY RIEPENHAUSEN, 1786.
+
+A CATALOGUE OF THE ROYAL AND NOBLE AUTHORS OF ENGLAND, 2 vols.
+Edinburgh, 1792.
+
+
+ODD VOLUMES
+
+
+JOHNSON'S LIVES OF THE POETS, 4 vols. 8vo. London, Longman, 1794. Vol.
+IV.
+
+GIBBON'S DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE, 11 vols. sm. 12mo. Tegg,
+1827. Vol. I.
+
+Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be
+sent to Mr. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.
+
+P.S.W.E. _We did not insert his reply to the Query of MATFELONESIS,
+because we do not regard a newspaper paragraph as an authority. The
+story of Lord Stair being the executioner of Charles I. is related, we
+believe, in Cecil's_ Sixty Curious Narratives, _an interesting
+compilation made by the late W. Hone, who does not, however, give his
+authorities_.
+
+J.W.H., _Downpatrick. His letter has been forwarded as he suggested.
+The_ Life of Walsh _is not in the Museum_.
+
+G.L.B. _A Translation of Count Hamilton's_ Fairy Tales _has lately been
+published by Bohn_.
+
+VOLUME THE FIRST OF NOTES AND QUERIES, _with Title-page and very copious
+Index, is now ready, price 9s. 6d., bound in cloth, and may be had, by
+order, of all Booksellers and Newsmen_.
+
+_The Monthly Part for August, being the third of Vol. II., is also now
+ready, price 1s. 3d._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE and HISTORICAL REVIEW for AUGUST contains,
+among other articles,
+
+Unpublished Anecdotes of Sir Thomas Wyatt.
+Roman Art at Cirencester (with Engravings).
+The Congress of Vienna and Prince de Ligne.
+Letter of H.R.H. the Duke of York in 1787.
+Monuments in Oxford Cathedral (with two Plates).
+Michael Drayton and his "Idea's Mirrour."
+Date of the erection of Chaucer's Tomb.
+Letters of Dr. Maitland and Mr. Stephens on The Ecclesiastical
+  History Society: with Remarks.
+The British Museum Catalogue and Mr. Panizzi.
+Reviews of Correspondence of Charles V., the Life of Southey,
+  &c., &c., Notes of the Month, Literary and Antiquarian Intelligence,
+  Historical Chronicle, and OBITUARY. Price 2s. 6d.
+
+"The Gentleman's Magazine has been revived with a degree of spirit and
+talent which promises the best assurance of its former popularity."--
+_Taunton Courier_.
+
+"A better or more valuable work for country book societies, lending
+libraries, and reading rooms, it is impossible to find within the whole
+compass of English literature. Its literary articles are peculiarly
+sound in principle, and its criticisms liberal but just; whilst its
+Obituary confers upon it a national importance. We are sure then we
+cannot do a better service to our friends, and more especially to those
+connected with institutions like those we have adverted to, than in
+recommending this work to their support."--_Nottingham Review_.
+
+NICHOLS and SON, 25. Parliament Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+NEW WORK ON MODERN GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY, BY ARNOLD AND PAUL.
+
+In 12mo., price 5s. 6d.
+
+HANDBOOK of MODERN GEOGRAPHY and HISTORY. Translated from the German of
+Pütz, by the Rev. R.B. PAUL, M.A., and edited by the Rev. T.K. ARNOLD,
+M.A.
+
+This Volume completes the series of Professor Pütz's Handbooks.
+
+RIVINGTONS, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place; Of whom may be
+had, (lately published), by the same Editors,
+
+1. HANDBOOK of ANCIENT GEOGRAPHY and HISTORY. 6s. 6d.
+
+2. HANDBOOK of MEDIÆVAL GEOGRAPHY and HISTORY. 4s. 6d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Just published, the Second Edition, with Additions, price 5s. 6d. cloth,
+
+ORNAMENTAL AND DOMESTIC
+POULTRY: THEIR HISTORY AND MANAGEMENT.
+By the Rev. EDMUND SAUL DIXON, M.A., Rector of
+Intwood with Keswick.
+
+THE BIRDS TREATED OF ARE:--
+
+Domestic Fowl in general
+The Guinea Fowl
+The Spanish Fowl
+The Speckled Dorkings
+The Cochin-China Fowl
+The Malay Fowl
+The Pheasant Malay Fowl
+The Game Fowl
+The Mute Swan
+The Canada Goose
+The Egyptian or Cape Goose
+The Musk Duck
+The Grey China Goose
+The White Fronted or Laughing Goose
+The Wigeon
+The Teal, and its congeners
+The White China Goose
+The Tame Duck
+The Domestic Goose
+The Bernicle Goose
+The Brent Goose
+The Turkey
+The Pea Fowl
+The Golden and Silver Hamburgh Fowls
+The Cuckoo Fowl
+The Blue Dun Fowl
+The Large-crested Fowl
+The Poland Fowl
+Bantam Fowls
+The Rumpless Fowl
+The Silky and Negro Fowls
+The Frizzled or Friesland Fowls.
+
+"It will be found a useful and intelligent guide to the poultry-keeper;
+while the lively and often amusing manner in which it is written, gives
+it a claim upon the attention of the general reader."--_Midland Counties
+Herald_.
+
+"This book is the best and most modern authority that can be consulted
+on the general management of poultry."--_Stirling Observer_.
+
+Published by JAMES MATTHEWS, at the Office of the GARDENERS' CHRONICLE
+AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, 5. Upper Wellington Street, Covent Garden; and
+may be ordered of any Bookseller.
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {224}
+
+JOHN MILLER'S
+CATALOGUE OF BOOKS, OLD AND NEW,
+PUBLISHED THIS DAY,
+AT 43. CHANDOS STREET, TRAFALGAR SQUARE,
+
+Contains, amongst a Great Variety of Miscellaneous Literature, Books on
+America, Art, and Banking, Curious Memoirs, Facetiæ, Wit and Humour,
+Useful Works on Geology, Mineralogy, and other popular Sciences, Books
+on Shakspeare and the Drama, Illustrated Publications, Biography,
+History, etc., with Selections in French, Italian, Spanish, and
+Cotinental Literature; also the following at the Low Prices affixed:--
+
+ASTLE and GROSE'S Antiquarian Repertory, being a Miscellaneous
+Assemblage of Topography, History, Biography, Customs and Manners,
+intended to illustrate and preserve several Valuable Remains of Old
+Times, 4 vols. royal 4to. half bound, calf, gilt, top edges gilt, nearly
+250 engravings of a highly interesting character, 2l. 15s. 1807
+
+CALMET, Dictionnaire Historique, Critique, Chronologique, Géographique,
+et Littéral de la Bible, 4 vols. folio, calf, very neat, illustrated
+with nearly 200 engravings and vignettes 2l. 2s. 1722-28
+
+CLARKE'S (Dr. E D.) Travels in Various Countries of Europe, Asia, and
+Africa, particularly Russia, Tartary, Turkey, Greece, Egypt, the Holy
+Land, and Scandinavia, 11 vols. 8vo., maps and plates, extra cloth,
+boards, (pub. 10l.) only 2l. 2s. 1827-34
+
+COOKE'S Views On the Thames, consisting of 75 picked impressions
+illustrated with about 150 additional views and drawngs, consisting of
+proofs all India paper, proofs before letters, a few coloured engravings
+and a small number of lithographs, all are the choicest and finest
+edition, by Turner, De Wint, Havell, Owens, Days, Westall, &c.,
+carefully mounted in a folio size, and prepared for binding, 3l. 15s.
+
+COWPER'S Translation of the Iliad and Odyssey of Homer into English
+Blank Verse, 4 vols. 8vo., half bound in morocco, uncut, top edges gilt,
+illustrated with a choice set of engravings by Fuseli, Stothard, Burley,
+and others, proofs before letters, 1l. 8s. 1809
+
+DIBDIN'S (T.F.) Edition of a most Pleasant, Fruitful, and Witty Work of
+the best State of a Public Weal, and of the New Isle called UTOPIA.
+written in Latin, by the Rt. Worthy and Famous SIR THOMAS MORE, Knight,
+and translated into English by RALPHE ROBINSON, A.D. 1551, a new
+edition, with copious Notes, and Biographical and Literary Introduction,
+4to. large paper, port. and cuts, scarce, 1l. 5s. 1808
+
+DODWELL'S (Col.) Classical and Topographical Tour through Greece in the
+Years 1801, 1805. and 1806, 2 vols. 4to. calf, gilt, map, and nearly 100
+fine engravings, 1l. 5s. 1819
+
+ENCYCLOPÆDIA METROPOLITANA or Universal Dictionary of Knowledge,
+projected by S.T. Coleridge, assisted by the most eminent writers of the
+day, and now complete in 26 vols. large 4to. illustrated with 600
+beautiful plates, clean and uncut, only 13l. 13s. 1845
+
+FABLIAUX ou Contes, Fables et Romans du 11ème et du 12ème Siècle,
+traduits ou extraits par Legrand d'Aussy, 5 vols. royal 8vo. half bound
+Morocco, edges uncut, numerous fine plates, interspersed with a few MS.
+notes by an eminent living author, 2l. 2s. Paris, 1829
+
+FOXE (John)--The Acts and Monuments of, a New and Complete Edition, with
+a Preliminary Dissertation by the Rev. G. Townsend, edited by the Rev.
+S.R. Catley, M.A., 8 thick vols. royal 8vo., with port. and engraved
+title-page, 2l. 2s. 1841
+
+HALL'S (Mr. and Mrs. S.C.) Ireland, its Scenery, Character, and History,
+3 vols. complete in parts, (an Early Subscriber's Copy,) illustrated
+with nearly 600 plates, choice impressions of the engravings and
+woodcuts 2l. 2s. 1843
+
+HORTICULTURAL (The) Transactions of London, from its commencement in
+1820 to 1835, with the Reports bound in a vol., forming 9 vols. royal
+4to. half bound, Morocco, top edges gilt, illustrated with numerous
+coloured plates, 3l. 13s. 6d. 1820-35
+
+HUME and SMOLLET'S History of England a New Edition, with Lives and
+Portraits of the Authors, 10 vols. 8vo. elegantly bound in sprinkled
+calf, marbled edges, richly gilt back, double lettered, 3l. 13s. 6d.
+Trade. 1841
+
+HARDING'S Shakspeare Illustrated, consisting of portraits of all the
+Eminent Characters, and Royal and Noble Personages mentioned, with Views
+of Castles, Towns, and Sundry other Antiquarian Subjects, 2 vols. in 1,
+royal 4to. half bound. morocco, extra, uncut, top edges gilt, 160 fine
+plates, with description, 1l. 5s. 1811
+
+KENILWORTH Illustrated, or the History of the Castle, Priory, and Church
+of Kenilworth, with a description of their Present State, royal 8vo.,
+half bound, crimson Morocco, uncut, top edges gilt, illustrated with
+twenty fine plates. proofs on India paper, and two beautiful drawings
+inserted, 2l. 2s. 1821
+
+LOCKE (John), The Entire Works of, handsome Library Edition, 10 vols.
+8vo., brown calf, gilt, contents lettered on each volume, good copy, 2l.
+12s. 6d. 1801
+
+NORTH BRITISH REVIEW, a Quarterly Journal, from its Conmencement in
+1844. to the end of 1849, 11 vols. 8vo., half calf, neat, adl uniform,
+2l. 12s. 6d. (published at 6l. 12s. in numbers). 1844-49
+
+PLINII Naturalis Historia ex editione Gab Brotier cum Notis et
+Interpretatione in usum Delphini. Varis Lectionibus Notis Variorum, 12
+vols. 8vo. 1l. 1s. Valpy, 1826
+
+ROBERTSON'S (Wm., D.D.)--The entire Collection of his Works, with an
+Account of his Life and Writings, by Stewart, 8vo. 12 vols. in 6,
+elegantly half bound, calf, gilt, post, 1l. 11s. 6d. 1820
+
+SALTS' Views of St. Helena, the Cape of Good Hope, India Ceylon,
+Abyssinia, and Egypt, Large atlas folio, with descriptive letterpress,
+handsomely half bound, morocco, twenty-four beautifully coloured plates,
+closely imitating water colour drawings. 2l. 18s. (pub. 15l. 15s.) 1809
+
+SCOTT'S (Sir Walter) Novels and Romances, with all his Introductions and
+Notes, 5 vols. imp. 8vo., half bound, morocco, extra, illustrated with
+nearly 200 engravings on steel by eminent artists, and a series of
+plates by George Cruikshank, 2l. 12s. 6d. 1846
+
+--Novels, Tales, and Historical Romances, from Waverley to Kenilworth,
+inclusive, 18 vols. 8vo., elegantly bound in grained calf, extra, marble
+edges, a very choice copy, 2l. 12s. 6d. 1819
+
+SHAKSPEARE'S (Mr. William) Comedies, Histories, and Tragedies, published
+according to the true originall Copies, folio, half bd. vellum, an uncut
+copy, portrait, 2l. 2s. Reprint, 1623.
+
+SHAKSPEARE, the Works of, Revised from the Best Authorities with a
+Memoir and Essay on his Genius by Barry Cornwall, and Annotations on his
+Writings by many Distinguished Writers, 3 vols. imp. 8vo., half bound
+mor., marble edges, illustrated with numerous Engravings on Wood by
+Kenny Meadows. (An Early Subscriber's Copy) 2l. 12s. 6d. 1843
+
+--The Plays of William Shakspeare, with the Corrections and
+Illustrations of Various Commentators, to which are added Notes by Dr.
+Johnson and George Stevens, 10 large vols. 8vo. half bd. mor., uncut,
+top edges gilt, fine port., 1l. 11s. 6d. 1785
+
+SOUTHEY'S (Robt., L.L.D.) History of the Peninsular War, 3 vols. 4to.,
+half calf, neat, 1l. 4s. 1832, &c.
+
+VOLTAIRE (M. de), Complete Collection des Oeuvres de, 32 vols. 12mo., in
+neat French calf binding, plates, 2l. 2s. Geneve, 1771
+
+AN ABRIDGEMENT of the Philosophical Transactions ol the Royal Societv of
+London, from its Commencement in 1665 to the year 1800. Abridged with
+Notes and Biographic Illustrations by Hutton, Shaw, and Pearson, 18
+vols. 4to., numerous plates, 1l.15s. 1809
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+JOHN MILLER, 43. CHANDOS STREET, TRAFALGAR SQUARE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New
+Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London and
+published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St.
+Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet
+Street aforesaid.--Saturday, August 31. 1850.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 44, Saturday,
+August 31, 1850, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 44, ***
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+"HTML Tidy for Windows (vers 1st March 2004), see www.w3.org" />
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+<title>Notes And Queries, Issue 44.</title>
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+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 44, Saturday, August
+31, 1850, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes & Queries, No. 44, Saturday, August 31, 1850
+       A Medium Of Inter-Communication For Literary Men, Artists,
+              Antiquaries, Genealogists, Etc.
+              
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: September 10, 2004 [EBook #13426]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 44, ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team and The Internet Library of Early Journals
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page209" name=
+"page209"></a>{209}</span>
+<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1>
+<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS,
+ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2>
+<hr />
+<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>&mdash;CAPTAIN CUTTLE.</h3>
+<hr class="full" />
+<table summary="masthead" width="100%">
+<tr>
+<td align="left" width="25%"><b>No. 44.</b></td>
+<td align="center" width="50%"><b>SATURDAY, AUGUST 31,
+1850</b></td>
+<td align="right" width="25%"><b>Price Threepence.<br />
+Stamped Edition 4d.</b></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>CONTENTS</h2>
+<table summary="Contents" align="center">
+<tr>
+<td align="left">NOTES:</td>
+<td align="right">Page</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Gravesend Boats</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page209">209</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Notes on Cunningham's Handbook of London, by E.F.
+Rimbault</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page211">211</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Devotional Tracts belonging to Queen Katherine
+Parr, by Dr. Charlton</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page212">212</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Suggestions for cheap Books of Reference</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page213">213</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Rib, why the first Woman formed from</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page213">213</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Minor Notes:&mdash;Cinderella, or the Glass
+Slipper&mdash;Mistletoe on
+Oaks&mdash;Omnibuses&mdash;Havock&mdash;Schlegel on Church Property
+in England</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page214">214</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">QUERIES:</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">P. Mathieu's Life of Sejanus</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page215">215</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">The Antiquity of Smoking</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page216">216</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Sir Gregory Norton, Bart.</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page216">216</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Minor Queries:&mdash;City Offices&mdash;Meaning of
+Harefinder&mdash;Saffron-bag&mdash;Bishop Berkley's successful
+Experiments&mdash;Unknown Portrait&mdash;Custom of selling
+Wives&mdash;Hepburn Crest and Motto&mdash;Concolinel&mdash;"One
+Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church"&mdash;The Norfolk
+Dialect&mdash;Sir John Perrot&mdash;"Antiquitas s&aelig;culi
+juventus mundi"</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page216">216</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">REPLIES:</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Derivation of "News"</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page218">218</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Replies to Minor Queries:&mdash;Swords worn in
+Public&mdash;Quarles' Pension&mdash;Franz von Sickingen&mdash;"Noll
+me tangere"&mdash;Dr. Bowring's Translations&mdash;Countess of
+Desmond&mdash;Yorkshire Dales&mdash;Sir Thomas Herbert's
+Memoirs&mdash;Alarum&mdash;Practice of Scalping among the
+Scythian's&mdash;Gospel Tree&mdash;Martinet&mdash;"Yote" or
+"Yeot"&mdash;Map of London&mdash;Woodcarving, Snow
+Hill&mdash;Waltheof&mdash;The Dodo&mdash;"Under the
+Rose"&mdash;Ergh, Er, or Argh&mdash;Royal Supporters&mdash;The Frog
+and the Crow of Ennow</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page218">218</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">MISCELLANEOUS:</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &amp;c.</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page222">222</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Books and Odd Volumes Wanted</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page223">223</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Notices to Correspondents</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page223">223</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Advertisements</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page223">223</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>NOTES</h2>
+<h3>GRAVESEND BOATS.</h3>
+<p>While so much has been said of coaches, in the early numbers of
+"Notes and Queries" and elsewhere, very little notice has been
+taken of another mode of conveyance which has now become very
+important. I think it may amuse some of your readers to compare a
+modern Gravesend boat and passage with the account given by Daniel
+Defoe, in the year 1724: and as it is contained in what I believe
+to be one of his least known works, it may probably be new to most
+of them. In his <i>Great Law of Subordination</i>, after describing
+the malpractices of hackney coachmen, he proceeds:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"The next are the watermen; and, indeed, the insolence of these,
+though they are under some limitations too, is yet such at this
+time, that it stands in greater need than any other, of severe
+laws, and those laws being put in speedy execution.</p>
+<p>"Some years ago, one of these very people being steersman of a
+passage-boat between London and Gravesend, drown'd three-and-fifty
+people at one time. The boat was bound from Gravesend to London,
+was very full of passengers and goods, and deep loaden. The wind
+blew very hard at south-west, which being against them, obliged
+them to turn to windward, so the seamen call it, when they tack
+from side to side, to make their voyage against the wind by the
+help of the tide.</p>
+<p>"The passengers were exceedingly frighted when, in one tack
+stretching over the stream, in a place call'd Long-Reach, where the
+river is very broad, the waves broke in upon the boat, and not only
+wetted them all, but threw a great deal of water into the boat, and
+they all begg'd of the steersman or master not to venture again.
+He, sawey and impudent, mock'd them, ask'd some of the poor
+frighted women if they were afraid of going to the Devil; bid them
+say their prayers and the like, and then stood over again, as it
+were, in a jest. The storm continuing, he shipp'd a great deal of
+water that time also. By this time the rest of the watermen begun
+to perswade him, and told him, in short, that if he stood over
+again the boat would founder, for that she was a great deal the
+deeper for the water she had taken in, and one of them begg'd of
+him not to venture; he swore at the fellow, call'd him fool, bade
+him let him alone to his business, and he would warrant him; then
+used a vulgar sea-proverb, which such fellows have in their mouths,
+'Blow Devil, the more wind, the better boat.'</p>
+<p>"The fellow told him in so many words he would drown all the
+passengers, and before his face began to strip, and so did two
+more, that they might be in condition to swim for their lives. This
+extremely terrify'd the passengers, who, having a cloth or tilt
+over them, were in no condition to save their lives, so that there
+was a dreadful cry among them, and some of the men were making way
+to come at the steersman to make him by force let fly the sail and
+stand back for the shore; but before they could get to him the
+waves broke in upon the boat and carried them all to the bottom,
+none escaping but the three watermen that were prepar'd to
+swim.</p>
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page210" id=
+"page210"></a>{210}</span>
+<p>"It was but poor satisfaction for the loss of so many lives, to
+say the steersman was drown'd with them, who ought, indeed, to have
+died at the gallows, or on the wheel, for he was certainly the
+murtherer of all the rest.</p>
+<p>"I have many times pass'd between London and Gravesend with
+these fellows in their smaller boats, when I have seen them, in
+spite of the shrieks and cries of the women and the persuasions of
+the men passengers, and, indeed, as if they were the more bold by
+how much the passengers were the more afraid; I say, I have seen
+them run needless hazards, and go, as it were, within an inch of
+death, when they have been under no necessity of it, and, if not in
+contempt of the passengers, it has been in meer laziness to avoid
+their rowing; and I have been sometimes oblig'd, especially when
+there has been more men in the boat of the same mind, so that we
+have been strong enough for them, to threaten to cut their throats
+to make them hand their sails and keep under shore, not to fright
+as well as hazard the passengers when there was no need of it.</p>
+<p>"One time, being in one of these boats all alone, coming from
+London to Gravesend, the wind freshen'd and it begun to blow very
+hard after I was come about three or four mile of the way; and as I
+said above, that I always thought those fellows were the more
+venturous when their passengers were the most fearful, I resolved I
+would let this fellow alone to himself; so I lay down in the boat
+as if I was asleep, as is usual.</p>
+<p>"Just when I lay down, I called to the waterman, 'It blows hard,
+waterman,' said I; 'can you swim?' 'No, Sir,' says he. 'Nor can't
+your man swim neither?' said I. 'No, Sir,' says the servant. 'Well
+then,' says I, 'take care of yourselves, I shall shift as well as
+you, I suppose:' and so down I lay. However, I was not much
+disposed to sleep; I kept the tilt which they cover their
+passengers with open in one place, so that I could see how things
+went.</p>
+<p>"The wind was fair, but over-blow'd so much, that in those
+reaches of the river which turn'd crossway, and where the wind by
+consequence was thwart the stream, the water went very high, and we
+took so much into the boat, that I began to feel the straw which
+lay under me at the bottom was wet, so I call'd to the waterman,
+and jesting told him, they must go all hands to the pump; he
+answered, he hoped I should not be wet; 'But it's bad weather,
+master,' says he, 'we can't help it.' 'No, no,' says I, ''tis
+pretty well yet, go on.'</p>
+<p>"By and by I heard him say to himself, 'It blows very hard,' and
+every now and then he repeated it, and sometimes thus: ''Twill be a
+dirty night, 'twill be a terrible night,' and the like; still I lay
+still and said nothing.</p>
+<p>"After some time, and his bringing out several such speeches as
+above, I rous'd as if I had but just wak'd; 'Well, waterman,' says
+I, 'how d'ye go on?' 'Very indifferently,' says he; 'it blows very
+hard.' 'Ay, so it does,' says I; 'where are we?' 'A little above
+Erith,' says he; so down I lay again, and said no more for that
+time.</p>
+<p>"By and by he was at it again, 'It blows a frett of wind,' and
+'It blows very hard,' and the like; but still I said nothing. At
+last we ship'd a dash of water over the boat's head, and the spry
+of it wetted me a little, and I started up again as if I had been
+asleep; 'Waterman,' says I, 'what are you doing? what, did you ship
+a sea?' 'Ay,' says the waterman, 'and a great one too; why it blows
+a frett of wind.' 'Well, well,' says I, 'come, have a good heart;
+where are we now?' 'Almost in Gallions,' says he, 'that's a reach
+below Woolwich.'</p>
+<p>"Well, when we got into the Gallions reach, there the water was
+very rough, and I heard him say to his man, 'Jack, we'll keep the
+weather-shore aboard, for it grows dark and it blows a storm.' Ay,
+thought I, had I desir'd you to stand in under shore, you would
+have kept off in meer bravado; but I said nothing. By and by his
+mast broke, and gave a great crack, and the fellow cry'd out, 'Lord
+have mercy upon us!' I started up again, but still spoke
+cheerfully; 'What's the matter now?' says I. 'L&mdash;d, Sir,'
+say's he, 'how can you sleep? why my mast is come by the board.'
+'Well, well,' says I, 'then you must take a goose-wing.' 'A
+goose-wing! why,' says he, 'I can't carry a knot of sail, it blows
+a storm.' 'Well,' says I, 'if you can't carry any sail, you must
+drive up under shore then, you have the tide under foot:' and with
+that I lay down again. The man did as I said. A piece of his mast
+being yet standing, he made what they call a goose-wing sail, that
+is, a little piece of the sail out, just to keep the boat steddy,
+and with this we got up as high as Blackwall; the night being then
+come on and very dark, and the storm increasing, I suffer'd myself
+to be persuaded to put in there, though five or six mile short of
+London; whereas, indeed, I was resolv'd to venture no farther if
+the waterman would have done it.</p>
+<p>"When I was on shore, the man said to me, 'Master, you have been
+us'd to the sea, I don't doubt; why you can sleep in a storm
+without any concern, as if you did not value your life; I never
+carry'd one in my life that did so; why, 'twas a wonder we had not
+founder'd.' 'Why,' says I, 'friend, for that you know I left it all
+to you; I did not doubt but you would take care of yourself;' but
+after that I told him my other reason for it, the fellow smil'd,
+but own'd the thing was true, and that he was the more cautious a
+great deal, for that I took no thought about it; and I am still of
+opinion, that the less frighted and timorous their passengers are,
+the more cautious and careful the watermen are, and the least apt
+to run into danger; whereas, if their passengers appear frighted,
+then the watermen grow sawcy and audacious, show themselves
+vent'rous, and contemn the dangers which they are really exposed
+to."&mdash;p. 130.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>We are not bound to suppose that this is plain relation of
+matter of fact, any more than the <i>History of Robinson
+Crusoe</i>; but it is a graphic sketch of life and manners worth
+the notice of those who study such things. It forms at least a
+little contribution to the history of travelling in England. A
+passenger who had just landed from a Gravesend boat, to pursue his
+journey by land, might well be thankful to "be received in a coach"
+like that which had been started at York near half a century
+before.</p>
+<p class="author">Alpha.</p>
+<hr />
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page211" id=
+"page211"></a>{211}</span>
+<h3>NOTES ON THE SECOND EDITION OF MR. CUNNINGHAM'S HANDBOOK OF
+LONDON.</h3>
+<p>Mr. Cunningham's work on London is a book of such general
+interest, that the additions and corrections, which I shall
+continue from time to time to offer to your readers, will not, I
+think, be deemed impertinent or trifling. Let it not be imagined,
+for one single instant, that I wish to depreciate Mr. Cunningham's
+labours. On the contrary, his book is one of the most delightful
+publications relative to our great city which we possess. And let
+me candidly say, if I were to select only half-a-dozen volumes for
+my own reading, <i>Cunningham's Handbook of London</i> would most
+assuredly be one of that number.</p>
+<p>The quaint and learned old Fuller, in his address to the
+<i>Worthies of England</i>, says:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"The bare skeleton of time, place, and person, must be fleshed
+with some pleasant passages; and to this intent I have purposely
+interlaced (not as meat but as condiment) many stories, so that the
+reader, if he do not arise <i>religiosior</i> or <i>doctior</i>,
+with more piety or learning, at least he may depart
+<i>jucundior</i>, with more pleasure and lawful delight."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>This remark has been well understood by Mr. Cunningham, whose
+pleasant quotations, and literary and artistic recollections, have
+made his book a <i>readable</i> one to the many, and an instructive
+companion for the <i>initiated</i>.</p>
+<p>The "bare skeleton" sometimes wants "fleshing," and hence the
+following list of additions and corrections:</p>
+<p>1. <i>Dobney's</i>, or, more correctly, <i>D'Aubigney's Bowling
+Green</i>, was a celebrated place of amusement "more than sixty
+years since." It is now occupied by a group of houses called
+<i>Dobney's Place</i>, near the bottom of Penton street, and almost
+opposite to the Belvidere Tavern and Tea Gardens.</p>
+<p>2. <i>Bridge Street, Westminster.</i> The Long Wool-staple was
+on the site of this street. Henry VIII., in 1548, founded, "in the
+Long Wool-staple," St. Stephen's Hospital, for eight maimed
+soldiers, who had each a convenient room, and received an allowance
+of 5<i>l.</i> a year from the exchequer. It was removed in 1735,
+and eight almshouses rebuilt in St. Anne's Lane, bearing the
+inscription "Wool-staple Pensioners, 1741." In 1628, in the
+Overseer's books of St. Margaret's is rated in the Wool-staple
+"Orlando Gibbons ij <i>d.</i>"</p>
+<p>3. <i>Campden House, Kensington.</i> Built by Sir Baptist Hickes
+in 1612; pulled down about 1827. Nicholas Lechmere, the eminent
+lawyer, was residing here when he was created a peer.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Back in the dark, by Brompton Park,</p>
+<p>He turned up thro' the Gore,</p>
+<p>So slunk to <i>Campden House</i> so high,</p>
+<p>All in his coach and four."</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Swift's Ballad of <i>Duke and no Duke</i>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>4. <i>Finch's Grotto.</i> A place of amusement, similar to
+Vauxhall Gardens, much in vogue at the end of the last century. The
+"Grotto Gardens," as they were sometimes called, were situated
+partly in Winchester Park, or the Clink, and partly in the parish
+of St. George, Southwark.</p>
+<p>5. <i>Leicester Square.</i> Mr. Cunningham does not mention the
+fine house of Sir George Savile, in this square. It was
+subsequently Miss Linwood's <i>Exhibition of Needlework</i>; and
+has latterly been used as a concert-room, casino, &amp;c. The
+statue in the centre of the square is George I., not George II.</p>
+<p>6. <i>Thavie's Inn.</i> A small brass plate fixed up against the
+first house on the west side, has the following inscription:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Thavie's Inn, founded by John Thavie, Esquire, in the reign of
+Edward the Third; Adjudged to be extra-parochial, in the Court of
+King's Bench, Guild-hall, in the causes Fraser against the Parish
+of St. Andrew, Holborn, on the 7th day of July, 1823, and Marsden
+against the same parish, on the 17th day of October, 1826. This
+memorial of the antiquity and privileges of this inn, was erected
+during the Treasurership of Francis Paget Watson, Esq., Anno Dom.
+MDCCCXXVII."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>7. <i>Old Bailey.</i> Peter Bales, the celebrated writing master
+of Queen Elizabeth's reign, was master of a school "at the upper
+end of the <i>Old Bailey</i>" in 1590. It was here he published his
+first work, entitled, <i>The Writing School Master</i>.</p>
+<p>8. <i>Islington.</i> During the reign of James I. and Charles
+I., Islington was a favourite resort, on account of its rich
+dairies. In that part of the manor of Highbury at the lower end of
+Islington, there were, in 1611, eight inns principally supported by
+summer visitors. See <i>Nelson's History of Islington</i>, p. 38,
+4to., 1811.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"&mdash;Hogsdone, <i>Islington</i>, and Tothnam Court,</p>
+<p>For cakes and creame had then no small resort."</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Wither's <i>Britain's Remembrancer</i>, 12mo. 1628.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>9. <i>Seven Dials.</i> The Doric column with its "seven dials,"
+which once marked this locality, now "ornaments" the pleasant
+little town of Walton-on-Thames.</p>
+<p>10. <i>Mews (the King's).</i> The fore-court of the royal mews
+was used in 1829 for the exhibition of a "monstrous whale." The
+<i>building</i> (which stood upon the site of the National Gallery)
+was occupied, at the same time, by the <i>Museum of National
+Manufactures</i>. The "Museum" was removed, upon the pulling down
+of the mews, to Dr. Hunter's house in Leicester Square, and was
+finally closed upon the establishment of the <i>Royal Polytechnic
+Institution</i>.</p>
+<p>Mr. Cunningham, in his <i>Chronology</i>, says the mews was
+taken down in 1827. In the body of the book he gives the date,
+perhaps more correctly, 1830.</p>
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page212" id=
+"page212"></a>{212}</span>
+<p>11. <i>Brownlow Street, Holborn.</i> This should be "Brownlow
+Street, <i>Drury Lane</i>;" George Vertue the engraver was living
+here in 1748.</p>
+<p>12. <i>White Conduit House.</i> The anonymous author of <i>The
+Sunday Ramble</i>, 1774, has left us the following description of
+this once popular tea-gardens:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"The garden is formed into several pleasing walks, prettily
+disposed; at the end of the principal one is a painting, which
+serves to render it much larger in appearance than it really is;
+and in the middle of the garden is a round fish-pond, encompassed
+with a great number of very genteel boxes for company, curiously
+cut into the hedges, and adorned with a variety of Flemish and
+other painting; there are likewise two handsome tea-rooms, one over
+the other, as well as several inferior ones in the
+dwelling-house."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>"White Conduit Loaves" were for a long time famous, and before
+the great augmentation in the price of bread, during the
+revolutionary war with France, they formed one of the regular
+"London cries."</p>
+<p>13. <i>Vauxhall Gardens.</i> A curious and highly interesting
+description of this popular place of amusement, "a century ago,"
+was printed in 1745, under the title of <i>A Sketch of the
+Spring-Gardens, Vaux-hall, in a letter to a Noble Lord</i>, 8vo. My
+copy is much at Mr. Cunningham's service for any future edition of
+his <i>Handbook</i>.</p>
+<p class="author">Edward F. Rimbault.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>DEVOTIONAL TRACTS BELONGING TO QUEEN KATHERINE PARR.</h3>
+<p>In your Number for August 10th, I observe an inquiry regarding a
+MS. book of prayers said to have belonged to Queen Katherine Parr.
+Of the book in question I know nothing, but there has lately come
+into my possession a volume of early English printed devotional
+works, which undoubtedly has belonged to this Queen. The volume is
+a small duodecimo, bound red velvet, with gilt leaves, and it has
+had ornamental borders and clasps of some metal, as the impressions
+of these are still distinctly visible upon the velvet covering. The
+contents of this volume are as follows:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>1. "A sermon of Saint Chrysostome, wherein besyde that it is
+furnysshed with heuenly wisedome and teachinge, he wonderfully
+proueth that No man is hurted but of hym-selfe: translated into
+Englishe by the floure of lerned menne in his tyme, Thomas Lupsete,
+Londoner, 1534."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>At the bottom of this title-page is written, in the well-known
+bold hand of Katherine Parr,&mdash;"Kateryn the Quene, K.P.," with
+the equally well-known flourish beneath.</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>2. "A svvete and devovte sermon of Holy Saynet Ciprian of
+mortalitie of man. The rules of a Christian life made by Picus,
+erle of Mirandula, both translated into Englyshe by Syr Thomas
+Elyot, Knyght. Londini, Anno verbi incarnati MDXXXIX.</p>
+<p>3. "An exhortation to yonge men, &amp;c., by Thomas Lupsete,
+Londener, 1534.</p>
+<p>4. "A treatise of charitie, 1534.</p>
+<p>5. "Here be the Gathered Counsales of Sainete Isidorie, &amp;c.,
+1539.</p>
+<p>6. "A compendious and a very fruitful treatise teaching the waye
+of dyenge well, written to a frende by the floure of lerned men of
+his tyme, Thomas Lupsete, Londoner, late deceassed, on whose sowle
+Jesu have mercy. 1541."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Almost all these treatises are printed by Thomas Berthelet. I
+know not if any of these treatises are now scarce. On the fly-leaf
+opposite the first page we find the following scriptural sentences,
+which are, in my opinion, and in that of others to whom I have
+shown the book, evidently written by the hand of the queen.</p>
+<p>It will be only necessary to give the first and last of these
+sentences:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Delyte not in &THORN;e multytude of ungodly men, and haue no
+pleasure in &THORN;em, for they feare not God.</p>
+<p>"Refuse not &THORN;e prayer of one yt is in trouble, and turne
+not away thy face from the nedye."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>We need not quote more; but on the opposite side of the fly-leaf
+are some verses of a different character, and which I suspect to be
+from the royal pen of Henry VIII. The writing is uncommonly
+difficult to decypher, but it bears a strong resemblance to all
+that I have seen of Henry's handwriting. A portion of the verses,
+as far as I can make them out, are here subjoined:</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Respect.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Blush not, fayre nimphe, tho (nee?) of nobell blod,</p>
+<p>I fain avoutch it, and of manners good,</p>
+<p>Spottles in lyf, of mynd sencere and sound,</p>
+<p>In whoam a world of vertues doth abowend,</p>
+<p>And sith besyd yt ye lycens giv withall</p>
+<p>Set doughts asyd and to some sporting fall,</p>
+<p>Therefoor, suspysion, I do banyshe thee"</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>Then follows a line I cannot decypher, and at the bottom of the
+page is</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"You will be clear of my suspysion."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>Are these verses from some old poet, or are they composed as
+well as written by the royal tyrant? for no other would, I think,
+have addressed such lines to "Kateryn the Quene."</p>
+<p>I have only to add that the volume was given me by the sister of
+the late President of the English college at Valladolid, and that
+he obtained it during his residence in Spain. It is not unlikely it
+may have been carried thither by some of the English Catholics, who
+resorted to that country for education. In 1625 it seems to have
+belonged to John Sherrott.</p>
+<p>I should be glad of any information about the verses.</p>
+<p class="author">E. Charlton, M.D.</p>
+<p>Newcastle-upon-Tyne, August 18. 1850.</p>
+<hr />
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page213" id=
+"page213"></a>{213}</span>
+<h3>SUGGESTIONS FOR CHEAP BOOKS OF REFERENCE.</h3>
+<p>Although your space is generally devoted to the higher and more
+curious inquiries respecting antiquities and literature, I am sure
+you will not grudge a little room for facilitating and improving
+the means of popular information and instruction.</p>
+<p>For every man, almost in any station in society, I submit that
+the followings works for reference are indispensable, in the most
+convenient corner or shelf of his library:&mdash;1. A Biographical
+Dictionary. 2. A Gazetteer. 3. A Statistical or Commercial
+Dictionary. With works of that description the public have been
+very indifferently supplied during the last thirty years: at least,
+at the <i>moderate prices</i> calculated to bring them within the
+reach of students in humbler life, forming the great mass of
+readers. Mr. Constable, of Edinburgh, published in 1817 an abridged
+Gazetteer, price 18<i>s.</i>, but there has been no such work
+since. Mr. A.K. Johnston's <i>Geographical Dictionary</i>, at
+36<i>s.</i>, lately published, supplies to a certain class of
+readers one of the works wanted.</p>
+<p>I beg to suggest a few observations for the improvement of works
+of this description through your valuable channel.</p>
+<p>I. I submit that none of the dictionaries of reference now
+specified should be published without promise of a <i>periodical
+supplement</i> every five or seven years, containing later matter
+and intelligence. For example, how easily could this be given in
+the case of a Biographical Dictionary! Say that such a work has
+been published in 1830 (which, it is believed, is the date of
+Gorton's excellent <i>Biographical Dictionary</i>), the compiler of
+a supplement has only to collect and arrange monthly or annual
+obituaries of the common magazines since 1830 to make a good and
+useful supplemental volume.</p>
+<p>II. I would suggest to skilful authors and booksellers
+publishing Biographical Dictionaries to follow the French and
+American custom of including in them the more eminent
+<i>contemporary</i> living characters. That would add greatly to
+the use of the book; and the matter could easily be collected from
+the current Books of Peerage and Parliamentary Companions, with aid
+from the numerous magazines as to distinguished literary men.</p>
+<p>III. The supplements for Gazetteers could be easily compiled
+from the <i>parliamentary papers</i> and magazines of the day. I
+would refer particularly to the supplements published by Mr.
+McCulloch to his <i>Commercial Dictionary</i> as an example to be
+followed; while the conduct lately adopted in the new edition of
+Maunder's <i>Biographical Treasury</i> should be avoided. The old
+edition of that collection consisted of 839 pages, and it is
+believed it was <i>stereotyped</i>. A new edition, or a new issue,
+of the old 839 pages was lately published, the same as the original
+dictionary, with a supplement of 72 pages. That is not sold
+separately; so that the holders of the old edition must purchase
+the whole work a <i>second</i> time in 1850, at 10<i>s.</i>, to
+procure the supplement. The public should not encourage such a
+style of publication. Any one might publish a supplemental
+dictionary since 1836, which would equally serve with the old
+edition. This hint is particularly addressed to Mr. Charles
+Knight.</p>
+<p>These hints are offered to the publishers and encouragers of
+<i>popular</i> works for general readers, at economical prices; and
+they might be extended. For example, dictionaries of medicine for
+family use have great sale. Sometimes, it is believed, they are
+stereotyped. Why should not later practice and discoveries be
+published in a cheaper <i>supplement</i>, to preserve the value of
+the original work? Thus, in my family, I use the excellent
+<i>Cyclop&aelig;dia of Popular Medicine</i> published by Dr. Murray
+in 1842; but on looking into it for "Chloroform" and "Cod Liver
+Oil," no such articles are to be found, as they were not known in
+1842. The skilful will find many other omissions.</p>
+<p>IV. There might be a greater difficulty in constructing a
+popular commercial or statistical dictionary, at a moderate price,
+to be supplied with supplements at later intervals. But even as to
+these, there is a good model in Waterston's <i>Small Dictionary of
+Commerce</i>, published in 1844, which, with a supplement, might
+afford, for a few shillings, to give all the later information
+derived from the free-trade measures and extension of our colonies.
+Waterston's original work is advertised often for sale at
+10<i>s.</i> or 12<i>s.</i>, and a supplement at 3<i>s.</i> would
+bring it within the reach of the great bulk of readers.</p>
+<p>These suggestions are offered without the slightest intention to
+depreciate or disparage the greater and more elaborate works of Mr.
+McCulloch, and others who compile and publish works worthy of
+reference, and standards of authority among men of highest science.
+No man who can afford it would ever be without the latest edition
+(without the aid of supplements) of large works; but it is manifest
+that there has been a great neglect to supply the mass of readers
+in ordinary circumstances with books of common reference, at
+moderate prices; and I hope that some publishers of enterprise and
+sagacity will see it to be their interest to act on the advice now
+offered.</p>
+<p class="author">PHILANTHROPOS.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>RIB, WHY THE FIRST WOMAN FORMED FROM.</h3>
+<p>Allow me to request a place for the following curious and quaint
+exposition of the propriety of the selection of <i>the rib</i> as
+the material out of which our first mother Eve was formed; and the
+ingenious illustration which it is made to afford of the relation
+between wife and husband.</p>
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page214" id=
+"page214"></a>{214}</span>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Thirdly, God so ordered the matter betwixt them, that this
+adh&aelig;sion and agglutination of one to the other should be
+perpetuall. For by taking a bone from the man (who was <i>nimium
+osseus</i>, exceeded and was somewhat monstrous, by one bone too
+much) to strengthen the woman, and by putting flesh in steede
+thereof to mollifie the man, he made a sweete complexion and temper
+betwixt them, like harmony in musicke, for their amiable
+cohabitation.</p>
+<p>"Fourthly, that bone which God tooke from the man, was from out
+the midst of him. As Christ wrought saluation <i>in medio
+terr&aelig;</i>, so God made the woman <i>&egrave; medio viri</i>,
+out of the very midst of man. The <i>species</i> of the bone is
+exprest to be <i>costa</i>, a rib, a bone of the side, not of the
+head: a woman is not <i>domina</i>, the ruler; nor of any anterior
+part; she is not <i>pr&aelig;lata</i>, preferred before the man;
+nor a bone of the foote; she is not <i>serva</i>, a handmaid; nor
+of any hinder part; she is not <i>post-posita</i>, set behind the
+man: but a bone of the <i>side</i>, of a middle and indifferent
+part, to show that she is <i>socia</i>, a companion to the husband.
+For <i>qui junguntur lateribus, socii sunt</i>, they that walke
+side to side and cheeke to cheeke, walke as companions.</p>
+<p>"Fifthly, I might adde, a bone from vnder the arme, to put the
+man in remembrance of protection and defense to the woman.</p>
+<p>"Sixthly, a bone not far from his heart to put him in minde of
+dilection and loue to the woman. Lastly, a bone from the left side,
+to put the woman in minde, that by reason of her frailty and
+infirmity she standeth in need of both the one and the other from
+her husband.</p>
+<p>"To conclude my discourse, if these things be duely examined
+when man taketh a woman to wife, <i>reparat latus suum</i>, what
+doth he else but remember the maime that was sometimes made in his
+side, and desireth to repaire it? <i>Repetit costam suam</i>, he
+requireth and fetcheth back the rib that was taken from him,"
+&amp;c. &amp;c.&mdash;From pp. 28, 30, of "<i>Vitis Palatina</i>, A
+sermon appointed to be preached at Whitehall, upon Tuesday after
+the marriage of the Ladie Elizabeth, her Grace, by the B. of
+London. London: printed for John Bill, 1614."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>The marriage actually took place on the 14th of February, 1612.
+In the dedication to the Prince of Wales, afterwards Charles I.,
+the Bishop (Dr. John King) hints that he had delayed the
+publication till the full meaning of his text, which is Psalm
+xxviii. ver. 3, should have been accomplished by the birth of a
+son, an event which had been recently announced, and that, too, on
+the very day when this Psalm occurred in the course of the Church
+service.</p>
+<p>The sermon is curious, and I may hereafter trouble you with some
+notices of these "Wedding Sermons," which are evidently
+contemplated by the framers of our Liturgy, as the concluding
+homily of the office for matrimony is by the Rubric to be read "if
+there be no sermon." It is observable that the first Rubric
+especially directs that the woman shall stand on the man's left
+hand. Any notices on the subject from your correspondents would be
+acceptable.</p>
+<p>In the first series of Southey's <i>Common Place Book</i>, at
+page 226., a passage is quoted from Henry Smith's <i>Sermons</i>,
+which dwells much upon the formation of the woman from <i>the
+rib</i> of man, but not in such detail as Bishop King has done.
+Notices of the Bishop may be found in Keble's edition of
+<i>Hooker</i>, vol. ii. pp. 24, 100, 103. It appears that after his
+death it was alleged that he maintained Popish doctrines. This his
+son, Henry King, canon of St. Paul's, and Archdeacon of Colchester,
+satisfactorily disproved in a sermon at Paul's Cross, and again in
+the dedication prefixed to his "<i>Exposition upon the Lord's
+Prayer</i>," 4to., London, 1634. See Wood's <i>Athen&aelig;
+Oxon.</i>, fol. edit. vol. ii. p. 294.</p>
+<p>As for the marriage of the Princess Elizabeth, afterwards
+celebrated for her misfortunes as Queen of Bohemia, it was
+celebrated in an epithalamium by Dr. Donne, <i>Works</i>, 8vo.
+edit. vol. vi. p. 550. And in the Somer's <i>Tracts</i>, vol. iii.,
+pp. 35, 43., may be found descriptions of the "<i>shewes</i>," and
+a poem of Taylor the Water Poet, entitled "Heaven's Blessing and
+Earth's Joy," all tending to show the great contemporary interest
+which the event occasioned.</p>
+<p class="author">Balliolensis.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>MINOR NOTES</h3>
+<p><i>Cinderella, or the Glass Slipper.</i>&mdash;Two centuries ago
+furs were so rare, and therefore so highly valued, that the wearing
+of them was restricted by several sumptuary laws to kings and
+princes. Sable, in those laws called <i>vair</i>, was the subject
+of countless regulations: the exact quality permitted to be worn by
+persons of different grades, and the articles of dress to which it
+might be applied, were defined most strictly. Perrault's tale of
+<i>Cinderella</i> originally marked the dignity conferred on her by
+the fairy by her wearing a slipper of <i>vair</i>, a privilege then
+confined to the highest rank of princesses. An error of the press,
+now become inveterate, changed <i>vair</i> into <i>verre</i>, and
+the slipper of <i>sable</i> was suddenly converted into a
+<i>glass</i> slipper.</p>
+<p class="author">Jarltzberg.</p>
+<p><i>Mistletoe on Oaks.</i>&mdash;In Vol. ii., p. 163., I observed
+a citation on the extreme rarity of <i>mistletoe on oaks</i>, from
+Dr. Giles and Dr. Daubeny; and with reference to it, and to some
+remarks of Professor Henslow in the <i>Gardeners' Chronicle</i>, I
+communicated to the latter journal, last week, the fact of my
+having, at this present time, a bunch of that plant growing in
+great luxuriance on an oak aged upwards of seventy years.</p>
+<p>I beg leave to repeat it for the use of your work, and to add,
+what I previously appended as likely to be interesting to the
+arch&aelig;ologist of Wales or the Marches, that the oak bearing it
+stands about half a mile N.W. of my residence here, on the earthen
+mound of Badamscourt, once a moated <span class="pagenum"><a name=
+"page215" id="page215"></a>{215}</span> mansion of the Herberts, or
+Ab-Adams, of Beachley adjacent, and of Llanllowell.</p>
+<p class="author">George Ormerod.</p>
+<p>Sedbury Park, Chepstow.</p>
+<p><i>Omnibuses.</i>&mdash;It may be interesting to your readers at
+a future time to know when these vehicles, the use of which is
+daily extending, were introduced into this country; perhaps,
+therefore, you will allow me to state how the fact is. Mr. C.
+Knight, in his <i>Volume of Varieties</i>, p. 178., observes:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"The Omnibus was tried about 1800, with four horses and six
+wheels; but we refused to accept it in any shape till we imported
+the fashion from Paris in 1830."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>And Mr. Shillibeer, of the City Road, the inventor of the patent
+funeral carriage, in his evidence before the Board of Health on the
+general scheme for extra-mural sepulture, incidentally mentions
+that he</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Had had much experience in cheapening vehicular transit, having
+originated and established the Omnibus in
+England."&mdash;<i>Report</i>, p. 124., 8vo. ed.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p class="author">Arun.</p>
+<p><i>Havock.</i>&mdash;Havock is a term in our ancient English
+military laws: the use of it was forbidden among the soldiery by
+the army regulations of those days; so in the Ordinances des
+Batailles in the ninth year of Richard II, art. x.:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Item, que nul soit si hardi de crier havoick sur peine d'avoir
+la teste coupe."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>This was properly a punishable offence in soldiers; havock being
+the cry of mutual encouragement to general massacre, unlimited
+slaughter, that no quarter should be given, &amp;c. A tract on "The
+office of the constable and Mareshall in the tyme of Warre,"
+contained in the black book of the Admiralty, has this passage:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Also, that no man be so hardy to crye havock upon peyne that he
+that is begynner shall be deede therefore: and the remanent that
+doo the same, or follow, shall lose their horse and harneis ... and
+his body in prison at the king's will."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>And this appears to answer well to the original term, which is
+taken from the ravages committed by a troop of wild beasts, wolves,
+lions, &amp;c., falling on a flock of sheep. But some think it was
+originally a hunting term, importing the letting loose a pack of
+hounds. Shakspeare combines both senses:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Cry havock! and let slip the dogs of war."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>In a copy of Johnson's <i>Dictionary</i> before me, I find</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"HAVOCK (haroc, Sax.), waste; wide and general devastation."
+<i>Spenser</i>.</p>
+<p>"HAVOCK, <i>interj</i>, a word of encouragement to slaughter."
+<i>Shakspeare</i>.</p>
+<p>"TO HAVOCK, <i>v. a.</i>, to waste; to destroy; to lay waste."
+<i>Spenser</i>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p class="author">Jarltzberg.</p>
+<p><i>Schlegel on Church Property in England.</i>&mdash;Fr.
+Schlegel, in his <i>Philosophy of History</i>, says, p. 403., "in
+England and Sweden church property remained inviolate:" what the
+case may be in Sweden I do not know, but it appears strange that a
+man of such general knowledge as F. Schlegel should make such an
+assertion as regards England.</p>
+<p class="author">S.N.</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>QUERIES.</h2>
+<h3>P. MATHIEU'S LIFE OF SEJANUS.</h3>
+<p>In a letter from Southey to his friend Bedford, dated Nov. 11,
+1821 (<i>Life and Correspondence</i>, vol. v. p. 99.), he desires
+him to inform Gifford that</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"In a volume of tracts at Lowther, of Charles I.'s time, I found
+a life of Sejanus by P.M., by which initials some hand, apparently
+as old as the book, had written Philip Massinger. I did not read
+the tract, being too keenly in pursuit of other game; but I believe
+it had a covert aim at Buckingham. I have not his Massinger, and,
+therefore, do not know whether he is aware that this was ever
+ascribed to that author; if he is not, he will be interested in the
+circumstance, and may think it worthy of further inquiry."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>As others may be led by this hint to enter on such an inquiry, I
+would suggest that it may save much trouble if they first satisfy
+themselves that the <i>Life of Sejanus</i> by P. Mathieu may not
+have been the tract which fell in Southey's way. It is to be found
+in a volume entitled</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"<i>Unhappy Prosperity</i>, expressed in the History of
+&AElig;lius Selanus and Philippa the <i>Catanian</i>, with
+observations upon the fall of Sejanus. Lastly, Certain
+Considerations upon the life and Services of <i>Monsieur</i>
+Villeroy, translated out of the original [French] by <i>S'r T.
+H.</i>[<i>awkins</i>], <i>second edition</i>, 12'o. London,
+1639."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>This was just eleven years after Buckingham met his fate at the
+hands of Felton. How long the interval between the first and this,
+the second edition, may have been, I cannot tell. Nor do I know
+enough of the politics of the time to determine whether anything
+can be inferred from the fact that the translation is dedicated to
+William Earl of Salisbury, or to warrant me in saying that these
+illustrations of the fate of royal favourites may have been brought
+before the English public with any view to the case of George
+Villiers. A passage, however, in Mathieu's dedication of the
+original "to the king," seems to render it not improbable,
+certainly not inapplicable:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"You (Sir) shall therein [in this history] behold, that <i>a
+prince ought to be very carefull to conserve his authority entire.
+Great ones</i> [court favourites] <i>here may learne</i>, it is not
+good to play with the generous <span class="pagenum"><a name=
+"page216" id="page216"></a>{216}</span> Lyon though he suffer it,
+and that <i>favours are precipices for such as abuse them</i>."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Having referred to this work of Mathieu's, I shall feel obliged
+to any of your correspondents who will favour me with a notice of
+it, or of the author.</p>
+<p class="author">Balliolensis.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>THE ANTIQUITY OF SMOKING.</h3>
+<p>I feel much interested in the Query of your correspondent Z.A.Z.
+(Vol. ii., p. 41.) I had a "Query" something similar, with a "Note"
+on it, lying by me for some time, which I send you as they
+stand.&mdash;Was not smoking in use in England and other countries
+before the introduction of tobacco? Whitaker says, a few days after
+the tower of Kirkstall Abbey fell, 1779, he</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Discovered imbedded in the mortar of the fallen fragments
+several little smoking pipes, such as were used in the reign of
+James I. for tobacco; a proof of a fact <i>which has not been
+recorded</i>, that, prior to the introduction of that plant from
+America, the practice of inhaling the smoke of some indigenous
+plant or vegetable prevailed in England." (<i>Loidis and
+Elmete</i>.)</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Allowing, then, pipes to have been coeval with the erection of
+Kirkstall, we find them to have been used in England about 400
+years before the introduction of tobacco. On the other hand, as Dr.
+Whitaker says, we find <i>no record</i> of their being used, or of
+smoking being practised; and it is almost inconceivable that our
+ancestors should have had such a practice, without any allusion
+being made to it by any writers. As to the antiquity of smoking in
+Ireland, the first of Irish antiquaries, the learned and respected
+Dr. Petrie, says:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"The custom of smoking is of much greater antiquity in Ireland
+than the introduction of tobacco into Europe. Smoking pipes made of
+bronze are frequently found in our Irish <i>tumuli</i>, or
+sepulchral mounds, of the most remote antiquity; and similar pipes,
+made of baked clay, are discovered daily in all parts of the
+island. A curious instance of the <i>bathos</i> in sculpture, which
+also illustrates the antiquity of this custom, occurs on the
+monument of Donogh O'Brien, king of Thomond, who was killed in
+1267, and interred in the Abbey of Corcumrac, in the co. of Clare,
+of which his family were the founders. He is represented in the
+usual recumbent posture, with the short pipe or <i>dudeen</i> of
+the Irish in his mouth."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>In the <i>Anthologia Hibernica</i> for May 1793, vol. i. p.
+352., we have some remarks on the antiquity of smoking "among the
+German and Northern nations," who, the writer says, "were clearly
+acquainted with, and cultivated tobacco, which they smoked through
+wooden and earthen tubes." He refers to Herod. lib. i. sec. 36.;
+Strabo, lib. vii. 296.; Pomp. Mela 2, and Solinus, c. 15.</p>
+<p>Wherever we go, we see smoking so universal a practice, and
+people "taking to it so naturally," that we are inclined to believe
+that it was always so; that our first father enjoyed a quiet puff
+now and then; (that, like a poet, man "nascitur non fit" a smoker);
+and that the soothing power of this narcotic tranquillised the soul
+of the aquatic patriarch, disturbed by the roar of billows and the
+convulsions of nature, and diffused its peaceful influence over the
+inmates of the ark. Yes, we are tempted to spurn the question, When
+and where was smoking introduced? as being equal to When and where
+was <i>man</i> introduced? Yet, as some do not consider man as a
+smoking animal "de natu et ab initio," the question may provoke
+some interesting replies from your learned correspondents.</p>
+<p class="author">Jarltzberg.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>SIR GREGORY NORTON, BART.</h3>
+<p>I am desirous to be informed of the date and particulars of the
+above baronetcy having been created. In <i>The Mystery of the good
+old Cause briefly unfolded</i> (1660), it is stated, at p. 26.,
+that Sir Gregory Norton, Bart. (one of the king's judges), had
+Richmond House, situated in the <i>Old</i> Park, and much of the
+king's goods, for an inconsiderable value. Sir Gregory Norton has a
+place also in <i>The Loyal Martyrology</i> of Winstanley (1665), p.
+130.; and also in <i>History of the King-killers</i> (1719), part
+6. p. 75. It is unnecessary to refer to Noble's <i>Regicides</i>,
+he having simply copied the two preceding works. Sir Gregory died
+before the Restoration, in 1652, and escaped the vindictive
+executions which ensued, and was buried at Richmond in Surrey.
+There was a Sir <i>Richard</i> Norton, Bart., of Rotherfield,
+<i>Hants</i> (Query Rotherfield, <i>Sussex</i>, near Tunbridge
+Wells), who is mentioned by Sylvanus Morgan in his <i>Sphere of
+Gentry</i>; but he does not record a Sir Gregory. Nor does the
+latter occur in a perfect collection of the knights made by King
+James I., by J.P. (Query John Philipot?), London, Humphrey Moseley,
+1660, 8vo. I have examined all the various works on extinct and
+dormant baronetcies ineffectually. In the <i>Mercurius Publicus</i>
+of Thursday, 28th June, 1660, it appears that on the preceding
+Saturday the House of Commons settled the manor of Richmond, with
+house and materials, purchased by Sir Gregory Norton, Bart., on the
+queen (Henrietta Maria) as part of her jointure.</p>
+<p class="author">D.N.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>MINOR QUERIES.</h3>
+<p><i>City Offices.</i>&mdash;Can any of your correspondents
+recommend some book which gives a good history of the different
+public offices of the city of London, with their duties and
+qualifications, and in whom the appointments are vested?</p>
+<p class="author">A Citizen.</p>
+<p><i>Harefinder, Meaning of.</i>&mdash;Can any of your readers
+kindly give a feasible explanation of <span class=
+"pagenum"><a name="page217" id="page217"></a>{217}</span> phrase
+<i>harefinder</i>, as it occurs in <i>Much Ado about Nothing</i>,
+Act i. Sc. 1.? A reference to any similar term in a contemporary
+would be very valuable.</p>
+<p class="author">B.</p>
+<p><i>Saffron-bag.</i>&mdash;Having lately read Sir E.B. Lytton's
+novel of <i>The Caxtons</i>&mdash;to which I must give a passing
+tribute of admiration&mdash;I have been a good deal puzzled, first,
+to ascertain the meaning, and, second, the origin of the
+<i>saffron-bag</i> of which he speaks so much. I have asked many
+persons, and have not been able to obtain a satisfactory solution
+of my difficulty. Should you or any of your contributors be able, I
+wish you would enlighten not only me but many of my equally
+unlearned friends.</p>
+<p class="author">W.C. Luard.</p>
+<p><i>Bishop Berkley's successful Experiments.</i>&mdash;I have
+somewhere read that Bishop Berkley succeeded in increasing the
+stature of an individual placed in his charge. Will any of your
+correspondents give me the details of such process, with their
+opinions as to the practicability of the scheme?</p>
+<p class="author">F.W.</p>
+<p><i>Portrait (Unknown).</i>&mdash;A very carefully painted
+portrait, on an oak panel, has been in the possession of my family
+for many years, and I should be much pleased if any of your
+correspondents could enable me to identify the personage.</p>
+<p>The figure, which is little more than a head, is nearly the size
+of life, and represents an elderly man with grey hair and a long
+venerable beard: the dress, which is but little shown, is black. At
+the upper part of the panel, on the dexter side, is a shield,
+bearing these arms:&mdash;Argent on a fess sable between three
+crosses pat&eacute;es, Or, as many martlets of the last. Above the
+shield is written "In cruce glorior." I have searched in vain for
+those arms. On the prints published by the Society of Antiquaries,
+of the funeral of Abbot Islip, is one nearly similar,&mdash;the
+field ermine on a fess between three crosses pat&eacute;es, as many
+martlets. The colours are not shown by the engraver. A manuscript
+ordinary, by Glover, in my possession, contains another, which is
+somewhat like that on the picture, being&mdash;Argent on a fess
+engrailed sable, bearing three crosses pat&eacute;es, Gules, as
+many martlets on the field. This is there ascribed to "Canon
+George." It is very probable that the gold crosses on the white
+field was an error of the portrait painter.</p>
+<p>The size of the oak panel, which is thick, is seventeen inches
+wide, and twenty-two in height. The motto is in a cursive hand,
+apparently of about the time of Edward VI.</p>
+<p class="author">T.W.</p>
+<p><i>Wives, Custom of Selling.</i>&mdash;Has there ever been any
+foundation in law for the practice of selling of wives, which our
+neighbours the French persist in believing to be perfectly legal
+and common at the present day? What was the origin of the custom?
+An amusing series of "Notes" might be made, from instances in which
+the custom is introduced as characteristic of English manners, by
+French and other foreign writers.</p>
+<p class="author">G.L.B.</p>
+<p><i>Hepburn Crest and Motto.</i>&mdash;Can some of your numerous
+readers give me the origin of the crest and motto of the family of
+Hepburn, namely, a horse argent, furnished gules, passant, and tied
+to a tree proper. Motto, "Keep Traist."</p>
+<p>I should also be glad to know the name of any book containing
+the legends, or authentic stories, relating to the heraldic
+bearings of various families?</p>
+<p class="author">R.E.</p>
+<p><i>Concolinel.</i>&mdash;I have recently met with a curious
+manuscript which contains numerous tunes of the time of Queen
+Elizabeth, one of which is stated in a recent hand to be the "tune
+of <i>Concolinel</i> mentioned by Shakspeare;" but the old index,
+if there was one that indicated this, is now missing. My reason for
+writing to you is to ask whether Dr. Rimbault, or any of your other
+correspondents, can refer me to any information that will enable me
+to ascertain whether my MS. really contains that tune. It certainly
+does contain several others noticed by Shakspeare.</p>
+<p class="author">R.</p>
+<p>"<i>One Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church.</i>"&mdash;Can any
+of your correspondents inform me how, or why, the word "holy" is
+omitted in the above article of the Nicene (Constantinopolitan)
+Creed, in all our Prayer-books? It is not omitted in the original
+Greek and Latin.</p>
+<p class="author">J.M.W.</p>
+<p><i>The Norfolk Dialect.</i>&mdash;Mr. Dickens' attempt to give
+interest to his new novel by introducing this dialect would have
+been even more successful had he been more familiar with the
+curious peculiarities of that east-coast language. Many of the
+words are, I believe, quite peculiar to Norfolk and Suffolk, such
+as, for instance, the following:</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p><i>Mawther</i>, a girl, a wench.</p>
+<p><i>Gotsch</i>, a stone jug.</p>
+<p><i>Holl</i>, a dry ditch.</p>
+<p><i>Anan? An?</i> an interrogation used when the</p>
+<p>speaker does not understand a question put to him.</p>
+<p><i>To be muddled</i>, to be distressed in mind.</p>
+<p><i>Together</i>, an expletive used thus: where are</p>
+<p>you going <i>together?</i> (meaning several
+persons)&mdash;what</p>
+<p>are you doing <i>together?</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>Perhaps some reader can explain the origin of these words.</p>
+<p class="author">Icenus.</p>
+<p><i>Sir John Perrot.</i>&mdash;Sir John Perrot, governor of
+Ireland in the reign of Henry VIII., was one of the few rulers over
+that most unfortunate country who have ruled it wisely. I believe
+that he was beheaded in the reign of Elizabeth. Will any of your
+readers kindly inform me whether his life has <span class=
+"pagenum"><a name="page218" id="page218"></a>{218}</span> ever been
+published, or where I can meet with the best account of him?</p>
+<p class="author">E.N.W.</p>
+<p>"<i>Antiquitas s&aelig;culi juventus mundi.</i>"&mdash;Mr. Craik
+in his admirable little work on <i>Bacon; his Writings and his
+Philosophy</i>, after quoting the paragraph containing this fine
+aphoristic expression, remarks that,</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"From the manner in which it is here introduced as a Latin
+phrase, there would seen to be some reason for doubting whether it
+be an original thought of Bacon's. It has much the appearance of
+some aphorism or adage of the schools." (Vol. ii. p. 55.)</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Mr. Craik adds in a note,</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"A friend, however, who, if we were to name him, would be
+recognised as one of the first of living authorities on all points
+connected with the history of learning and philosophy, informs us
+that he feels certain of having never met with the expression or
+the thought in any writer previous to Bacon."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>In Basil Montagu's edition of <i>The Advancement of Learning</i>
+it is marked as a quotation. Query. Has the expression, or the
+thought, been traced to any writer previous to Bacon?</p>
+<p class="author">J.M.B.</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>REPLIES.</h2>
+<h3>DERIVATION OF NEWS.</h3>
+<p>I have no wish to prolong the controversy on this word, in which
+I feel I, at least, have had my share. I beg room, however, for an
+observation on one or two very pertinent remarks by Mr. Singer.</p>
+<p>In the course of this argument I have seen that if <i>news</i>
+were originally a plural noun, it might be taken for an ellipsis of
+<i>new-tidings</i>. My objection to this would be twofold. First,
+that the adjective <i>new</i> is of too common use, and, at the
+same time, too general and vague to form an ellipsis intelligible
+on its first application; and, secondly, that the ellipsis formed
+of <i>new-tidings</i> would be found to express no more than
+<i>tidings</i>, still requiring the <i>new</i>, if the idea of
+<i>new</i> were required, as in the instance Mr. Singer cites of
+<i>new newes</i>.</p>
+<p>I would not pretend to determine whether the word were taken
+from the High German or the Dutch; but Mr. Singer's remark, that
+our language has derived scarcely anything from the former, brings
+back the question to the point from which I originally started.
+That there was a political and commercial connexion between the two
+countries, I suppose there can be no doubt and such, I imagine,
+never existed without leaving its marks on languages so near
+akin.</p>
+<p>Taking up Bailey's <i>Dictionary</i> by accident a day or two
+ago, I turned to the word, which I there find as derived from
+Newes, <i>Teut</i>.; Bailey using the term <i>Teutonic</i> for
+German.</p>
+<p>I think I shall express the feelings of the majority of your
+readers in saying that nothing could be more acceptable or valuable
+to the consideration of any etymological question than the remarks
+of Mr. Singer.</p>
+<p class="author">Samuel Hickson.</p>
+<p>I have read with much interest the respective theories of the
+derivation of <i>news</i>, and it seems to me that Mr. Hickson's
+opinion must give way to an excellent authority in questions of
+this kind, Dr. Latham, who says,</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>Some say, <i>this news</i> IS good in which case the word is
+singular. More rarely we find the expression, <i>these news</i> ARE
+good; in which case the word "news" is plural. In the word "news",
+the -<i>s</i> (unlike the -<i>s</i> in <i>alms</i> and
+<i>riches</i>) is no part of the original singular, but the sign of
+the plural, like the -<i>s</i> in "trees." Notwithstanding this, we
+cannot subtract the <i>s</i>, and say "new," in the same way that
+we <i>can</i> form "tree" from "trees." Hence the word "news" is,
+in respect to its original form, plural; in respect to its meaning,
+either singular or plural, most frequently the
+former.&mdash;<i>Eng. Grammar</i>, p. 62.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>The above extract will probably suffice to show the true state
+of the case, and for information on similar points I would refer
+your readers to the work from which the above extract is taken, and
+also to that on <i>The English Language</i>, by the same
+author.</p>
+<p class="author">T. C.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES.</h3>
+<p><i>Swords worn in public</i> (Vol. i., p. 415.; vol. ii. p.
+110.).&mdash;I am surprised that the curious topic suggested by the
+Query of J.D.A. has not been more satisfactorily answered.
+Wedsecuarf's reply (Vol. ii., p. 110.) is short, and not quite
+exact. He says that "Swords ceased to be worn as an article of
+dress through the influence of Beau Nash, and were consequently
+first out of fashion at Bath;" and he quotes the authority of Sir
+Lucius O'Trigger as to "wearing no swords <i>there</i>." Now, it
+is, I believe, true that Nash endeavoured to discountenance the
+wearing swords at Bath; but it is certain that they were commonly
+worn twenty or thirty years later.</p>
+<p>Sir Lucius O'Trigger talks of Bath in 1774, near twenty years
+after Nash's reign, and, even at that time, only says that swords
+were "not worn <i>there</i>"&mdash;implying that they were worn
+elsewhere; and we know that Sheridan's own duel at Bath was a
+rencontre, he and his adversary, Mathews, both wearing swords. I
+remember my father's swords hung up in his dressing-room, and his
+telling me that he had worn a sword, even in the streets, so late
+as about 1779 or 1780. In a set of characteristic sketches of
+eminent persons about the year 1782, several wear swords; and one
+or two members of the House of Commons, evidently represented in
+the attitude of speaking, have swords. I have seen a picture of the
+Mall in <span class="pagenum"><a name="page219" id=
+"page219"></a>{219}</span> St. James's Park, of about that date, in
+which all the men have swords.</p>
+<p>I suspect they began to go out of common use about 1770 and were
+nearly left off in ordinary life in 1780; but were still
+occasionally worn, both in public and private, till the French
+Revolution, when they totally went out, except in court dress.</p>
+<p>If any of your correspondents who has access to the Museum would
+look through the prints representing out-of-doors life, from
+Hogarth to Gilray, he would probably be able to furnish you with
+some precise and amusing details on this not unimportant point in
+the history of manners.</p>
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+<p><i>Quarles' Pension</i> (Vol. ii., p. 171.).&mdash;There should
+have been added to the reference there given, viz. "Vol. i., p.
+201." (at which place there is no question as to Quarles'
+<i>pension</i>), another to Vol. i., p. 245., where that question
+is raised. I think this worth noting, as "Quarles" does not appear
+in the Index, and the imperfect reference might lead inquirers
+astray. It seems very curious that the inquiry as to the precise
+meaning of Pope's couplet has as yet received no explanation.</p>
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+<p><i>Franz von Sickingen</i> (Vol. i., p. 131.).&mdash;I regret
+that I cannot resolve the doubt of H.J.H. respecting Albert Durer's
+allegorical print of <i>The Knight, Death, and the Devil</i>, of
+which I have only what I presume is a copy or retouched plate,
+bearing the date 1564 on the tablet in the lower left-hand corner,
+where I suppose the mark of Albert Durer is placed in the
+original.</p>
+<p>I should, however, much doubt its being intended as a portrait
+of Sickingen, and I can trace no resemblance to the medal given by
+Luckius. I believe the conjecture originated with Bartsch, in his
+<i>Peintre Graveur</i>, vol. vii. p. 107. Schoeber, in his <i>Life
+of Durer</i>, p. 87., supposes that it is an allegory of the nature
+of a soldier's life.</p>
+<p>It was this print that inspired La Motte Fouqu&eacute; with the
+idea of his <i>Sintram</i> as he thus informs us in the postscript
+to that singularly romantic tale:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Some years since there lay among my birth-day presents a
+beautiful engraving of Albert Durer. A harnessed knight, with an
+oldish countenance, is riding upon his high steed, attended by his
+dog, through a fearful valley, where fragments of rock and roots of
+trees distort themselves into loathsome forms; and poisonous weeds
+rankle along the ground. Evil vermin are creeping along through
+them. Beside him Death is riding on a wasted pony; from behind the
+form of a devil stretches over its clawed arm toward him. Both
+horse and dog look strangely, as it were infected by the hideous
+objects that surround them; but the knight rides quietly along his
+way, and bears upon the tip of his lance a lizard that he has
+already speared. A castle, with its rich friendly battlements,
+looks over from afar, whereat the desolateness of the valley
+penetrates yet deeper into the soul. The friend who gave me this
+print added a letter, with a request that I would explain the
+mysterious forms by a ballad.... I bear the image with me in peace
+and in war, until it has now spun itself out into a little
+romance."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p class="author">S.W. Singer.</p>
+<p>Mickleham Aug. 13. 1850.</p>
+<p>"<i>Noli me tangere</i>" (Vol. ii., p. 153.).&mdash;B.R. is
+informed, that one of the finest paintings on this subject is the
+altar-piece in All Souls College Chapel, Oxford. It is the
+production of Raphael Mengs, and was purchased for the price of
+three hundred guineas of Sir James Thornhill, who painted the
+figure of the founder over the altar, the ceiling, and the figures
+between the windows. There may be other paintings by earlier
+masters on so interesting subject, but none can surpass this of
+Raphael Mengs in the truthfulness of what he has here delineated.
+The exact size of the picture I do not recollect, but it cannot be
+less than ten feet high.</p>
+<p>There is a beautiful engraving of it by Sherwin.</p>
+<p class="author">J.M.G.</p>
+<p>Worcester.</p>
+<p><i>Dr. Bowring's Translations</i> (Vol. ii. p.
+152.).&mdash;Besides the anthologies mentioned by Jarltzberg, Dr.
+Bowring has published <i>Poets of the Magyars</i>, 8vo. London,
+1830; <i>Specimens of Polish Poets</i>, 1827; <i>Servian popular
+Poetry</i>, 1827; and a <i>Cheskian Anthology</i>, 1832.</p>
+<p class="author">H.H.W.</p>
+<p>"<i>Speak the Tongue that Shakspeare spoke</i>" (Vol. ii., p.
+135.).&mdash;The lines about which X. asks, are</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"We must be free or die, who speak the tongue</p>
+<p>That Shakspeare spake; the faith and morals hold</p>
+<p>Which Milton held," &amp;c.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>They are in one of Wordsworth's glorious "Sonnets to Liberty"
+(the sixteenth), and belong to <i>us</i>, and not to the
+New-Englanders.</p>
+<p class="author">G.N.</p>
+<p><i>Countess of Desmond</i> (Vol. ii., pp. 153. 186.).&mdash;In
+reply to K., I have an impression that Horace Walpole has a kind of
+dissertation on the <i>Old Countess of Desmond</i>, to whom his
+attention was directed by her being said to have danced with
+Richard III. Having no books at hand, I cannot speak positively;
+but if K. turns to Walpole's <i>Works</i>, he will see whether my
+memory is correct. I myself once looked, many years ago, into the
+subject, and satisfied myself that the great age attributed to
+<i>any</i> Countess of Desmond must be a fable; and that the
+portrait of her (I think, at Windsor) was so gross an imposition as
+to be really that of an old man. I made a "Note"&mdash;indeed
+many&mdash;of the circumstances which led me to this conclusion;
+but they are at this moment inaccessible to me. I venture however,
+now that the question is revived, to offer these vague suggestions.
+By and by, if the subject be not exhausted, I shall endeavour to
+find my "Notes," and communicate them to you. I wonder the
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page220" id=
+"page220"></a>{220}</span> absurdity of the kind of death imputed
+to the imaginary lady did not reflect back a corresponding
+incredulity as to the length of her life.</p>
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+<p><i>Yorkshire Dales</i> (Vol. ii., p. 154.).&mdash;No guide or
+description has been published that would serve as a handbook to
+the dales in the West Riding of Yorkshire between Lancashire and
+Westmoreland. Should A PEDESTRIAN wish to explore the beauties of
+Teesdale he will find a useful handbook in a little work, published
+anonymously in 1813, called <i>A Tour in Teesdale, including Rokeby
+and its Environs</i>. The author was Richard Garland, of Hull, who
+died several years ago.</p>
+<p class="author">&Delta;.</p>
+<p><i>The Yorkshire Dales</i> (Vol. ii., p. 154.).&mdash;In answer
+to a recent inquiry, I beg to state that a guide to the above dales
+is in preparation. It will be edited by your humble servant,
+illustrated by a well-known gentleman, and published by Mr.
+Effingham Wilson.</p>
+<p class="author">J.H. DIXON.</p>
+<p>Tollington Villa, Hornsey.</p>
+<p class="note">[We are glad to hear that such a Guide is preparing
+by Mr. Dixon, whose knowledge of the locality peculiarly fits him
+for the work he has undertaken.]</p>
+<p><i>Sir Thomas Herbert's Memoirs</i> (Vol. ii., p.
+140.).&mdash;The information MR. GATTY wishes for, he will find in
+Dr. Bliss's edition of the <i>Athen&aelig;</i>, vol. iv. p. 18. He
+will perform an acceptable service to historical inquirers, if he
+will collate the printed memoir with the MS. in the possession of
+his friend, and give to the world such passages, if any, as have
+not been hitherto published.</p>
+<p class="author">&Delta;.</p>
+<p><i>Alarum</i> (Vol. ii., pp. 151. 183.).&mdash;There can be no
+doubt that the word <i>alarm</i> (originally French) comes from the
+warning war-cry <i>&agrave; l'arme</i>. So all the French
+philologists agree; and the modern variance of <i>aux armes</i>
+does not invalidate so plain an etymology. When CH. admits that
+there can be no doubt that <i>alarm</i> and <i>alarum</i> are
+identical, it seems to one that <i>cadit questio</i>,&mdash;that
+all his doubts and queries are answered. I will add, however, that
+it appears that in the words' original sense of an <i>awakening
+cry</i>, Shakspeare generally, if not always, spelled it
+<i>alarum</i>. Thus&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Ring the <i>alarum</i> bell!"&mdash;<i>Macbeth</i>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i10">"&mdash;Murder</p>
+<p>"<i>Alarum'd</i> by his sentinel the wolf."</p>
+<p><i>Macbeth</i>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"When she speaks, is it not an <i>alarum</i> to love?"</p>
+<p><i>Othello</i>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"But when he saw my <i>best-alarum'd</i> spirits roused</p>
+<p>to the encounter."&mdash;<i>Lear</i>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>In all these cases <i>alarum</i> means incitement, not
+<i>alarm</i> in the secondary or metaphorical sense of the word,
+which has now become the ordinary one. In truth, the meanings,
+though of identical origin, have become almost contradictions: for
+instance, in the passage from <i>Othello</i>, an "alarum to
+love"&mdash;incitement to love&mdash;is nearly the reverse of what
+an "alarm to love" would be taken to mean.</p>
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+<p><i>Practice of Scalping among the Scythians, &amp;c</i>. (Vol.
+ii., p. 141.).&mdash;Your correspondent T.J. will find in Livy, x.
+26., that the practice of scalping existed among the Kelts.</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Nec ante ad consules ... famam ejus cladis perlatam, quam in
+conspectu fuere Gallorum equites pectoribus equorurn suspensa
+gestantes capita, et lanceis infixa ovantesque moris sui
+carmine."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p class="author">W.B.D.</p>
+<p><i>Gospel Tree</i> (Vol. ii., p. 56.).&mdash;In reply to W.H.B.,
+I may mention that there is a "Gospel Tree" near Leamington. I do
+not know of one so called in Gloucestershire.</p>
+<p class="author">GRIFFIN.</p>
+<p><i>Martinet</i> (Vol. ii., p. 118.).&mdash;There is no doubt the
+term <i>martinet</i> is derived from the general officer <i>M. de
+Martinet</i> indicated by MR. C. FORBES, and who was, as Voltaire
+states, celebrated for having restored and improved the discipline
+and tactics of the French army; whence very strict officers came to
+be called <i>martinets</i>: but is it also from this restorer of
+discipline that the name of what we call <i>cat-o'-nine-tails</i>
+is in French <i>martinet</i>? This is rather an interesting Query,
+considering how severely our neighbours censure our use of that
+auxiliary to discipline.</p>
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+<p><i>"Yote" or "Yeot"</i> (Vol. ii., p. 89.).&mdash;You may inform
+B. that <i>Yote</i> or <i>Yeot</i> is only provincial pronunciation
+of <i>Yate</i> or <i>Gate</i>, a way or road. The channel made to
+conduct melted metal into the receptacle intended for it, is called
+a gate.</p>
+<p class="author">GRIFFIN.</p>
+<p><i>Map of London</i> (Vol. ii., p. 56.).&mdash;The map of
+London, temp. Edw. VI., in the Sutherland collection, has been
+recently engraved. It is of singular curiosity. I do not know the
+name of the publisher.</p>
+<p class="author">R.</p>
+<p><i>Wood-carving, Snow Hill</i> (Vol. ii., p. 134.).&mdash;The
+carving alluded to by A.C. is, I believe, of artificial stone, and
+represents &AElig;sop attended by a child, to whom he appears to be
+narrating his fables. It is or rather <i>was</i>, a work of some
+merit, and is, as A.C. observes, "worth preserving;" but, alas! of
+this there is but little chance. The house in question (No. 41.
+Skinner Street), and also the one adjoining, have been tenantless
+for many years; they belong to two old ladies, who also own the two
+deserted houses at the corner of Stamford Street, Blackfriars Road.
+It is scarcely necessary to speak of the now somewhat picturesque
+condition of the houses alluded to in either locality, for the
+pitiably dilapidated condition of them all must have been matter of
+remark for many years past to any one at all acquainted with
+London. <span class="pagenum"><a name="page221" id=
+"page221"></a>{221}</span> The house, 41. Skinner Street, is also
+worthy of remark from another circumstance. It was formerly
+occupied by William Godwin, the well-known author of <i>Caleb
+Williams, Political Justice</i>, &amp;c. It was here he opened a
+bookseller's shop, and published his numerous juvenile works, under
+the assumed name of Edward Baldwin.</p>
+<p class="author">E.B. PRICE.</p>
+<p><i>Waltheof</i> (Vol. ii, p. 167.).&mdash;I believe that
+Waltheof (or Wallef, as he is always styled in Doomsday Book) never
+appeared at the court of William the Conqueror in the character of
+an envoy; but in 1067, little better than six months after the
+first landing of the Normans, we find him, in conjunction with
+Edgar Atheling and others, accompanying the Conqueror in his
+triumphal return to Normandy, as a hostage and guarantee for the
+quiescence of his countrymen. At this period, it is probable he
+might have first become acquainted with Judith; but this must rest
+on conjecture. At all events, we have the authority of William of
+Malmsbury for saying that Waltheof's marriage did not take place
+until the year 1070, soon after his reconciliation with the king on
+the banks of the Tees. Your correspondent errs in ascribing 1070 as
+the date of Waltheof's execution; the <i>Saxon Chronicle</i>
+distinctly states May 31st, 1076, as the date of his death; while
+the chronicle of Mailros, and Florence of Worcester, assign it to
+the preceding year: in which they are followed by Augustin Thierry.
+T.E.L.L. has also fallen into an error as to the cause of
+Waltheof's execution, which he states arose from his participation
+in a conspiracy at York. Now the crime for which he was accused,
+and condemned (on the evidence of his wife), was his inviting over
+the Danes to the invasion of England. This was the primary cause;
+although his being present at the celebrated marriage-feast at
+Norwich was doubtless a secondary one. According to Thierry, he
+left two children by Judith.</p>
+<p class="author">DAVID STEVENS.</p>
+<p>Godalming.</p>
+<p><i>The Dodo</i> (Vol. i., pp. 261. 410.).&mdash;I have the
+pleasure to supply Mr. Strickland with the elucidation he desires
+in his Query 7., by referring to Hyde, <i>Historia Religionis Vet.
+Persarum</i>, p. 312.</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Et ut de Patre (Zoroastris) conveniunt, sic inter omnes
+convenit Matris ejus nomen fuisse D&ocirc;ghdu, quod (liquescente
+<i>gh</i> ut in vocibus Anglicis, <i>high</i>, <i>mighty</i>,
+&amp;c.) apud eos plerumque sonat D&ocirc;du; nam sonus Gain in
+medio vocum fere evanescere solet. Hocque nomen innuit quasi
+foecundidate ea similis esset ejusdem nominis Gallin&aelig;
+Indic&aelig;, cujus Icon apud Herbertum in Itinerario extat sub
+nomine Dodo, cujus etiam exuvi&aelig; farct&aelig; in Auditorio
+Anatomico Oxoniensi servantur. Reliqua ex Icone dignoscantur.
+Plurima parit ova, unde et commodum foecunditatis emblema."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p class="author">T.J.</p>
+<p>"<i>Under the Rose</i>" (Vol. i., p. 214.).&mdash;I find the
+three following derivations for this phrase in my
+note-book:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>I. "The expression, 'under the rose,' took its origin," says
+Jenoway, "from the wars between the Houses of York and Lancaster.
+The parties respectively swore by the red or the white rose, and
+these opposite emblems were displayed as the <i>signs of two
+taverns</i>; one of which was by the side of, and the other
+opposite to, the Parliament House in Old Palace Yard, Westminster.
+Here the retainers and servants of the noblemen attached to the
+Duke of York and Henry VI. used to meet. Here also, as disturbances
+were frequent, measures either of defence or annoyance were taken,
+and every transaction was said to be done 'under the rose;' by
+which expression the most profound secrecy was implied."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>II. According to others, this term originated in the fable of
+Cupid giving the rose to Harpocrates, the god of silence, as a
+bribe to prevent him betraying the amours of Venus, and was hence
+adopted as the emblem of silence. The rose was for this reason
+frequently sculptured on the ceilings of drinking and feasting,
+rooms, as a warning to the guests that what was said in moments of
+conviviality should not be repeated; from which, what was intended
+to be kept secret was said to be held "under the rose."</p>
+<p>III. Roses were consecrated as presents from the Pope. In 1526,
+they were placed over the goals of confessionals as the symbols of
+secrecy. Hence the origin of the phrase "Under the Rose."</p>
+<p class="author">JARLTZBERG.</p>
+<p><i>Ergh, Er, or Argh.</i>&mdash;Might not these words (queried
+by T.W., Vol. ii. p 22.) be corruptions of "<i>burgh</i>,"
+aspirated <i>wurgh</i>, and the aspirate then dropped; or might not
+<i>ark, argh</i>, &amp;c., be corruptions of "<i>wark</i>:" thus
+Southwark, commonly pronounced <i>Southark</i>? I merely offer this
+as a conjecture.</p>
+<p class="author">JARLTZBERG.</p>
+<p><i>Royal Supporters</i> (Vol. ii., p. 136.).&mdash;E.C. asks
+when and why the unicorn was introduced as one of the royal
+supporters. It was introduced by James VI. of Scotland when he
+ascended the throne of England, on account of the Scottish royal
+supporters being two unicorns rampant argent, crowned with
+imperial, and gorged with antique, crowns, with chains affixed to
+the latter passing between their forelegs and reflexed over their
+backs, unguled, armed, and crined, all or; the dexter one embracing
+and bearing up a banner of gold charged with the royal arms; the
+sinister, another banner azure, charged with the cross of St.
+Andrew, argent. Queen Elizabeth had used as supporters, dexter, a
+lion rampant gardant, crowned; and sinister, a dragon rampant, both
+or. She also used a lion ramp. gardant crowned, and a greyhound,
+both or. James adopted as supporters, dexter, a lion ramp. gardant,
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page222" id=
+"page222"></a>{222}</span> crowned with the imperial crown, or;
+sinister, an unicorn argent, armed, crined, unguled, gorged with a
+coronet composed of crosses pat&eacute;es, and fleurs-de-lis, a
+chain affixed thereto passing between its forelegs, and reflexed
+over the back, all or. These have been used as the royal supporters
+ever since their first adoption, with but one exception, and that
+is in the seal of the Exchequer, time of Charles I., where the
+supporters are an antelope and stag, both ducally collared and
+chained.</p>
+<p class="author">E.K.</p>
+<p><i>The Frog and the Crow of Ennow</i>.&mdash;In answer to M.
+(Vol. ii., p. 136.), I send you the edition of "the frog and the
+crow" which I have been familiar with since childhood. I can give
+you no history of it, save that it is tolerably well known in
+Lancashire, and that the <i>point</i> consists in giving a scream
+over the last "oh!" which invariably, if well done, elicits a start
+even in those who are familiar with the rhyme, and know what to
+expect.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p><i>The Frog and the Crow</i>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"There was a jolly fat frog lived in the river Swimmo,</p>
+<p>And there was a comely black crow lived on the</p>
+<p class="i8">river Brimmo;</p>
+<p>Come on shore, come on shore, said the crow to the</p>
+<p class="i8">frog, and then, oh;</p>
+<p>No, you'll bite me, no, you'll bite me, said the frog</p>
+<p class="i8">to the crow again, oh.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"But there is sweet music on yonder green hill, oh,</p>
+<p>And you shall be a dancer, a dancer in yellow,</p>
+<p>All in yellow, all in yellow, said the crow to the frog,</p>
+<p class="i8">and then, oh;</p>
+<p>Sir, I thank you, Sir, I thank you, said the frog to</p>
+<p class="i8">the crow again, oh.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Farewell, ye little fishes, that are in the river Swimmo,</p>
+<p>For I am going to be a dancer, a dancer in yellow;</p>
+<p>Oh, beware, Oh, beware, said the fish to the frog</p>
+<p class="i8">again, oh;</p>
+<p>All in yellow, all in yellow, said the frog to the fish,</p>
+<p class="i8">and then, oh.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"The frog he came a-swimming, a-swimming, to</p>
+<p class="i8">land, oh,</p>
+<p>And the crow, he came a-hopping to lend him his</p>
+<p class="i8">hand, oh;</p>
+<p>Sir, I thank you; Sir, I thank you, said the frog to</p>
+<p class="i8">the crow, and then, oh;</p>
+<p>Sir, you're welcome; Sir, you're welcome, said the</p>
+<p class="i8">crow to the frog again, oh.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"But where is the music on yonder green hill, oh;</p>
+<p>And where are the dancers, the dancers in yellow,</p>
+<p>All in yellow, all in yellow? said the frog to the</p>
+<p class="i8">crow, and then, oh;</p>
+<p>Sir, they're here; Sir, they're here, said the crow to</p>
+<p class="i8">the frog, and eat him all up, <i>Oh</i>,"
+(screamed.)</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>The moral is obvious, and the diction too recent for the song to
+have any great antiquity. I have never seen it in print.</p>
+<p class="author">T.I.</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>MISCELLANEOUS.</h2>
+<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.</h3>
+<p>It would, we think, be extremely difficult to find any subject
+upon which persons, otherwise well informed, were so entirely
+ignorant, until the appearance of Mrs. Jameson's <i>Sacred and
+Legendary Art</i>, as the one upon which that lady treated in those
+ably written and beautifully illustrated volumes. It seemed as if
+the Act of Henry VIII., which declared that the name and
+remembrance of Thomas &agrave; Becket should be erased from all
+documents, had had the effect of obliterating from all memories not
+only the often puerile, often offensive stories of the
+legend-mongers, but, with them, all remembrance of those holy men
+of old, whose piety towards God, and love for their fellow men,
+furnished example for all succeeding ages. To readers of all
+classes Mrs. Jameson opened up a new and most interesting subject:
+to lovers of Art almost a new world, from the light which her
+learning and criticism threw upon its master-pieces. What wonder is
+it, then, that the success of her <i>Sacred and Legendary Art</i>,
+confined as the two volumes necessarily were to legends of angels
+and archangels, evangelists and apostles, the Fathers, the
+Magdalene, the patron saints, the virgin patronesses, the martyrs,
+bishops and hermits, and the patron saints of christendom, should
+have led Mrs. Jameson to continue her labours? The first part of
+such continuation is now before us, under the title of <i>Legends
+of the Monastic Orders</i>: and most fitting it is that the three
+great divisions of the regular ecclesiastics should be thus
+commemorated, since of them Mrs. Jameson aptly remarks, that while
+each had a distinct vocation, there was one vocation common to
+all:&mdash;"The Benedictine Monks instituted schools of learning;
+the Augustines built noble cathedrals; the Mendicant Orders founded
+hospitals: <i>all</i> became patrons of the Fine Arts on such a
+scale of munificence, that the protection of the most renowned
+princes has been mean and insignificant in comparison." Nor is this
+their only claim; for the earliest artists of the Middle Ages were
+monks of the Benedictine Order. "As architects, as glass painters,
+as mosaic workers, as carvers in wood and metal, they were the
+precursors of all that has since been achieved in Christian Art:
+and if so few of these admirable and gifted men are known to us
+individually and by name, it is because they worked for the honour
+of God and their community, not for profit, nor for reputation."
+The merits of Mrs. Jameson's first series were universally
+acknowledged. The present volume may claim as high a meed of
+praise. If possible, it exceeds its predecessors in literary
+interest, and in the beauty of the etchings and woodcuts which
+accompany it. As a handbook to the traveller who wanders through
+the treasuries of Art, it will be indispensable; while to those who
+are destined not to leave their homes it will be invaluable, for
+the light it throws upon the social condition of Europe in those
+ages in which the monastic orders had their origin. It is a volume
+highly suggestive both of Notes and Queries, and in such forms we
+shall take occasion to return to it.</p>
+<p>Messrs. Puttick and Simpson (191. Piccadilly) will commence, on
+Monday next, a four-days sale of the <span class="pagenum"><a name=
+"page223" id="page223"></a>{223}</span> library of the late Rev.
+Dr. Johnson, Rector of Perranuthnoe, consisting of a good
+collection of theological and miscellaneous books.</p>
+<p>We have received the following Catalogues:&mdash;John Leslie's
+(58. Great Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn) Catalogue of English and
+Foreign Theology, including several works of very rare occurrence,
+and forming the largest portion of the valuable library of the Rev.
+W. Maskell, M.A.; C. Gancia's (73. King's Road, Brighton,) Second
+Catalogue of a Choice Collection of Foreign Books, MSS., Books
+printed upon vellum, many of them great rarities, and seldom to be
+met with; J. Miller's (43. Chandos Street, Trafalgar Square,)
+Catalogue No. X. for 1850 of Books Old and New.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES</h3>
+<h4>WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h4>
+<p>DAVIS, T., SOME INSTRUCTIONS FOR COLLECTING AND PRESERVING
+PLANTS, ANIMALS, 8vo., London, 1798.</p>
+<p>THOMPSON'S REPORT ON THE FAUNA OF IRELAND, 8vo. London,
+1844.</p>
+<p>FORBES ON THE MOLLUSCA AND RADIATA OF THE &AElig;GEAN SEA.
+1844.</p>
+<p>WHITECHURCH'S HISPANIOLA, (A POEM), 12mo. London, 1805.</p>
+<p>RICKMAN'S ODE ON THE BLACKS, 4to. London, 1804.</p>
+<p>REEVES' HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LAW.</p>
+<p>COSTARD'S HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY, 4to. London, 1767.</p>
+<p>MUNCHHAUSEN'S TRAVELS, PLATES BY RIEPENHAUSEN, 1786.</p>
+<p>A CATALOGUE OF THE ROYAL AND NOBLE AUTHORS OF ENGLAND, 2 vols.
+Edinburgh, 1792.</p>
+<h4>ODD VOLUMES</h4>
+<p>JOHNSON'S LIVES OF THE POETS, 4 vols. 8vo. London, Longman,
+1794. Vol. IV.</p>
+<p>GIBBON'S DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE, 11 vols. sm.
+12mo. Tegg, 1827. Vol. I.</p>
+<p>Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage
+free</i>, to be sent to Mr. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES,"
+186. Fleet Street.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.</h3>
+<p>P.S.W.E. <i>We did not insert his reply to the Query of
+MATFELONESIS, because we do not regard a newspaper paragraph as an
+authority. The story of Lord Stair being the executioner of Charles
+I. is related, we believe, in Cecil's</i> Sixty Curious Narratives,
+<i>an interesting compilation made by the late W. Hone, who does
+not, however, give his authorities</i>.</p>
+<p>J.W.H., <i>Downpatrick. His letter has been forwarded as he
+suggested. The</i> Life of Walsh <i>is not in the Museum</i>.</p>
+<p>G.L.B. <i>A Translation of Count Hamilton's</i> Fairy Tales
+<i>has lately been published by Bohn</i>.</p>
+<p>VOLUME THE FIRST OF NOTES AND QUERIES, <i>with Title-page and
+very copious Index, is now ready, price 9s. 6d., bound in cloth,
+and may be had, by order, of all Booksellers and Newsmen</i>.</p>
+<p><i>The Monthly Part for August, being the third of Vol. II., is
+also now ready, price 1s. 3d.</i></p>
+<hr class="adverts" />
+<p>THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE and HISTORICAL REVIEW for AUGUST
+contains, among other articles,</p>
+<p>Unpublished Anecdotes of Sir Thomas Wyatt.<br />
+Roman Art at Cirencester (with Engravings).<br />
+The Congress of Vienna and Prince de Ligne.<br />
+Letter of H.R.H. the Duke of York in 1787.<br />
+Monuments in Oxford Cathedral (with two Plates).<br />
+Michael Drayton and his "Idea's Mirrour."<br />
+Date of the erection of Chaucer's Tomb.<br />
+Letters of Dr. Maitland and Mr. Stephens on The
+Ecclesiastical<br />
+History Society: with Remarks.<br />
+The British Museum Catalogue and Mr. Panizzi.<br />
+Reviews of Correspondence of Charles V., the Life of Southey,<br />
+&amp;c., &amp;c., Notes of the Month, Literary and Antiquarian
+Intelligence,<br />
+Historical Chronicle, and OBITUARY. Price 2<i>s.</i>
+6<i>d.</i><br /></p>
+<p>"The Gentleman's Magazine has been revived with a degree of
+spirit and talent which promises the best assurance of its former
+popularity."&mdash;<i>Taunton Courier</i>.</p>
+<p>"A better or more valuable work for country book societies,
+lending libraries, and reading rooms, it is impossible to find
+within the whole compass of English literature. Its literary
+articles are peculiarly sound in principle, and its criticisms
+liberal but just; whilst its Obituary confers upon it a national
+importance. We are sure then we cannot do a better service to our
+friends, and more especially to those connected with institutions
+like those we have adverted to, than in recommending this work to
+their support."&mdash;<i>Nottingham Review</i>.</p>
+<p>NICHOLS and SON, 25. Parliament Street.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>NEW WORK ON MODERN GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY, BY ARNOLD AND
+PAUL.</p>
+<p>In 12mo., price 5<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
+<p>HANDBOOK of MODERN GEOGRAPHY and HISTORY. Translated from the
+German of P&uuml;tz, by the Rev. R.B. PAUL, M.A., and edited by the
+Rev. T.K. ARNOLD, M.A.</p>
+<p>This Volume completes the series of Professor P&uuml;tz's
+Handbooks.</p>
+<p>RIVINGTONS, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place; Of whom
+may be had, (lately published), by the same Editors,</p>
+<p>1. HANDBOOK of ANCIENT GEOGRAPHY and HISTORY. 6<i>s.</i>
+6<i>d.</i></p>
+<p>2. HANDBOOK of MEDI&AElig;VAL GEOGRAPHY and HISTORY. 4<i>s.</i>
+6<i>d.</i></p>
+<hr />
+<p>Just published, the Second Edition, with Additions, price
+5<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> cloth,</p>
+<p>ORNAMENTAL AND DOMESTIC POULTRY: THEIR HISTORY AND MANAGEMENT.
+By the Rev. EDMUND SAUL DIXON, M.A., Rector of Intwood with
+Keswick.</p>
+<p>THE BIRDS TREATED OF ARE:&mdash;</p>
+<p>Domestic Fowl in general<br />
+The Guinea Fowl<br />
+The Spanish Fowl<br />
+The Speckled Dorkings<br />
+The Cochin-China Fowl<br />
+The Malay Fowl<br />
+The Pheasant Malay Fowl<br />
+The Game Fowl<br />
+The Mute Swan<br />
+The Canada Goose<br />
+The Egyptian or Cape Goose<br />
+The Musk Duck<br />
+The Grey China Goose<br />
+The White Fronted or Laughing Goose<br />
+The Wigeon<br />
+The Teal, and its congeners<br />
+The White China Goose<br />
+The Tame Duck<br />
+The Domestic Goose<br />
+The Bernicle Goose<br />
+The Brent Goose<br />
+The Turkey<br />
+The Pea Fowl<br />
+The Golden and Silver Hamburgh Fowls<br />
+The Cuckoo Fowl<br />
+The Blue Dun Fowl<br />
+The Large-crested Fowl<br />
+The Poland Fowl<br />
+Bantam Fowls<br />
+The Rumpless Fowl<br />
+The Silky and Negro Fowls<br />
+The Frizzled or Friesland Fowls.<br /></p>
+<p>"It will be found a useful and intelligent guide to the
+poultry-keeper; while the lively and often amusing manner in which
+it is written, gives it a claim upon the attention of the general
+reader."&mdash;<i>Midland Counties Herald</i>.</p>
+<p>"This book is the best and most modern authority that can be
+consulted on the general management of poultry."&mdash;<i>Stirling
+Observer</i>.</p>
+<p>Published by JAMES MATTHEWS, at the Office of the GARDENERS'
+CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, 5. Upper Wellington Street,
+Covent Garden; and may be ordered of any Bookseller.</p>
+<hr />
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page224" id=
+"page224"></a>{224}</span>
+<p>JOHN MILLER'S CATALOGUE OF BOOKS, OLD AND NEW, <b>PUBLISHED THIS
+DAY</b>, AT 43. CHANDOS STREET, TRAFALGAR SQUARE,</p>
+<p>Contains, amongst a Great Variety of Miscellaneous Literature,
+Books on America, Art, and Banking, Curious Memoirs, Faceti&aelig;,
+Wit and Humour, Useful Works on Geology, Mineralogy, and other
+popular Sciences, Books on Shakspeare and the Drama, Illustrated
+Publications, Biography, History, etc., with Selections in French,
+Italian, Spanish, and Cotinental Literature; also the following at
+the Low Prices affixed:&mdash;</p>
+<p>ASTLE and GROSE'S Antiquarian Repertory, being a Miscellaneous
+Assemblage of Topography, History, Biography, Customs and Manners,
+intended to illustrate and preserve several Valuable Remains of Old
+Times, 4 vols. royal 4to. half bound, calf, gilt, top edges gilt,
+nearly 250 engravings of a highly interesting character, 2<i>l.</i>
+15<i>s.</i> 1807</p>
+<p>CALMET, Dictionnaire Historique, Critique, Chronologique,
+G&eacute;ographique, et Litt&eacute;ral de la Bible, 4 vols. folio,
+calf, very neat, illustrated with nearly 200 engravings and
+vignettes 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i> 1722-28</p>
+<p>CLARKE'S (Dr. E D.) Travels in Various Countries of Europe,
+Asia, and Africa, particularly Russia, Tartary, Turkey, Greece,
+Egypt, the Holy Land, and Scandinavia, 11 vols. 8vo., maps and
+plates, extra cloth, boards, (pub. 10<i>l.</i>) only 2<i>l.</i>
+2<i>s.</i> 1827-34</p>
+<p>COOKE'S Views On the Thames, consisting of 75 picked impressions
+illustrated with about 150 additional views and drawngs, consisting
+of proofs all India paper, proofs before letters, a few coloured
+engravings and a small number of lithographs, all are the choicest
+and finest edition, by Turner, De Wint, Havell, Owens, Days,
+Westall, &amp;c., carefully mounted in a folio size, and prepared
+for binding, 3<i>l.</i> 15<i>s.</i></p>
+<p>COWPER'S Translation of the Iliad and Odyssey of Homer into
+English Blank Verse, 4 vols. 8vo., half bound in morocco, uncut,
+top edges gilt, illustrated with a choice set of engravings by
+Fuseli, Stothard, Burley, and others, proofs before letters,
+1<i>l.</i> 8<i>s.</i> 1809</p>
+<p>DIBDIN'S (T.F.) Edition of a most Pleasant, Fruitful, and Witty
+Work of the best State of a Public Weal, and of the New Isle called
+UTOPIA. written in Latin, by the Rt. Worthy and Famous SIR THOMAS
+MORE, Knight, and translated into English by RALPHE ROBINSON, A.D.
+1551, a new edition, with copious Notes, and Biographical and
+Literary Introduction, 4to. large paper, port. and cuts, scarce,
+1<i>l.</i> 5<i>s.</i> 1808</p>
+<p>DODWELL'S (Col.) Classical and Topographical Tour through Greece
+in the Years 1801, 1805. and 1806, 2 vols. 4to. calf, gilt, map,
+and nearly 100 fine engravings, 1<i>l.</i> 5<i>s.</i> 1819</p>
+<p>ENCYCLOP&AElig;DIA METROPOLITANA or Universal Dictionary of
+Knowledge, projected by S.T. Coleridge, assisted by the most
+eminent writers of the day, and now complete in 26 vols. large 4to.
+illustrated with 600 beautiful plates, clean and uncut, only
+13<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i> 1845</p>
+<p>FABLIAUX ou Contes, Fables et Romans du 11&egrave;me et du
+12&egrave;me Si&egrave;cle, traduits ou extraits par Legrand
+d'Aussy, 5 vols. royal 8vo. half bound Morocco, edges uncut,
+numerous fine plates, interspersed with a few MS. notes by an
+eminent living author, 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i> Paris, 1829</p>
+<p>FOXE (John)&mdash;The Acts and Monuments of, a New and Complete
+Edition, with a Preliminary Dissertation by the Rev. G. Townsend,
+edited by the Rev. S.R. Catley, M.A., 8 thick vols. royal 8vo.,
+with port. and engraved title-page, 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i> 1841</p>
+<p>HALL'S (Mr. and Mrs. S.C.) Ireland, its Scenery, Character, and
+History, 3 vols. complete in parts, (an Early Subscriber's Copy,)
+illustrated with nearly 600 plates, choice impressions of the
+engravings and woodcuts 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i> 1843</p>
+<p>HORTICULTURAL (The) Transactions of London, from its
+commencement in 1820 to 1835, with the Reports bound in a vol.,
+forming 9 vols. royal 4to. half bound, Morocco, top edges gilt,
+illustrated with numerous coloured plates, 3<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i>
+6<i>d.</i> 1820-35</p>
+<p>HUME and SMOLLET'S History of England a New Edition, with Lives
+and Portraits of the Authors, 10 vols. 8vo. elegantly bound in
+sprinkled calf, marbled edges, richly gilt back, double lettered,
+3<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> Trade. 1841</p>
+<p>HARDING'S Shakspeare Illustrated, consisting of portraits of all
+the Eminent Characters, and Royal and Noble Personages mentioned,
+with Views of Castles, Towns, and Sundry other Antiquarian
+Subjects, 2 vols. in 1, royal 4to. half bound. morocco, extra,
+uncut, top edges gilt, 160 fine plates, with description,
+1<i>l.</i> 5<i>s.</i> 1811</p>
+<p>KENILWORTH Illustrated, or the History of the Castle, Priory,
+and Church of Kenilworth, with a description of their Present
+State, royal 8vo., half bound, crimson Morocco, uncut, top edges
+gilt, illustrated with twenty fine plates. proofs on India paper,
+and two beautiful drawings inserted, 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i> 1821</p>
+<p>LOCKE (John), The Entire Works of, handsome Library Edition, 10
+vols. 8vo., brown calf, gilt, contents lettered on each volume,
+good copy, 2<i>l.</i> 12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> 1801</p>
+<p>NORTH BRITISH REVIEW, a Quarterly Journal, from its Conmencement
+in 1844. to the end of 1849, 11 vols. 8vo., half calf, neat, adl
+uniform, 2<i>l.</i> 12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> (published at 6<i>l.</i>
+12<i>s.</i> in numbers). 1844-49</p>
+<p>PLINII Naturalis Historia ex editione Gab Brotier cum Notis et
+Interpretatione in usum Delphini. Varis Lectionibus Notis Variorum,
+12 vols. 8vo. 1<i>l.</i> 1<i>s.</i> Valpy, 1826</p>
+<p>ROBERTSON'S (Wm., D.D.)&mdash;The entire Collection of his
+Works, with an Account of his Life and Writings, by Stewart, 8vo.
+12 vols. in 6, elegantly half bound, calf, gilt, post, 1<i>l.</i>
+11<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> 1820</p>
+<p>SALTS' Views of St. Helena, the Cape of Good Hope, India Ceylon,
+Abyssinia, and Egypt, Large atlas folio, with descriptive
+letterpress, handsomely half bound, morocco, twenty-four
+beautifully coloured plates, closely imitating water colour
+drawings. 2<i>l.</i> 18<i>s.</i> (pub. 15<i>l.</i> 15<i>s.</i>)
+1809</p>
+<p>SCOTT'S (Sir Walter) Novels and Romances, with all his
+Introductions and Notes, 5 vols. imp. 8vo., half bound, morocco,
+extra, illustrated with nearly 200 engravings on steel by eminent
+artists, and a series of plates by George Cruikshank, 2<i>l.</i>
+12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> 1846</p>
+<p>&mdash;Novels, Tales, and Historical Romances, from Waverley to
+Kenilworth, inclusive, 18 vols. 8vo., elegantly bound in grained
+calf, extra, marble edges, a very choice copy, 2<i>l.</i>
+12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> 1819</p>
+<p>SHAKSPEARE'S (Mr. William) Comedies, Histories, and Tragedies,
+published according to the true originall Copies, folio, half bd.
+vellum, an uncut copy, portrait, 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i> Reprint,
+1623.</p>
+<p>SHAKSPEARE, the Works of, Revised from the Best Authorities with
+a Memoir and Essay on his Genius by Barry Cornwall, and Annotations
+on his Writings by many Distinguished Writers, 3 vols. imp. 8vo.,
+half bound mor., marble edges, illustrated with numerous Engravings
+on Wood by Kenny Meadows. (An Early Subscriber's Copy) 2<i>l.</i>
+12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> 1843</p>
+<p>&mdash;The Plays of William Shakspeare, with the Corrections and
+Illustrations of Various Commentators, to which are added Notes by
+Dr. Johnson and George Stevens, 10 large vols. 8vo. half bd. mor.,
+uncut, top edges gilt, fine port., 1<i>l.</i> 11<i>s.</i>
+6<i>d.</i> 1785</p>
+<p>SOUTHEY'S (Robt., L.L.D.) History of the Peninsular War, 3 vols.
+4to., half calf, neat, 1<i>l.</i> 4<i>s.</i> 1832, &amp;c.</p>
+<p>VOLTAIRE (M. de), Complete Collection des Oeuvres de, 32 vols.
+12mo., in neat French calf binding, plates, 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i>
+Geneve, 1771</p>
+<p>AN ABRIDGEMENT of the Philosophical Transactions ol the Royal
+Societv of London, from its Commencement in 1665 to the year 1800.
+Abridged with Notes and Biographic Illustrations by Hutton, Shaw,
+and Pearson, 18 vols. 4to., numerous plates, 1<i>l.</i>15<i>s.</i>
+1809</p>
+<hr />
+<p>JOHN MILLER, 43. CHANDOS STREET, TRAFALGAR SQUARE.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at
+No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City
+of London and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street,
+in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London,
+Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.&mdash;Saturday,
+August 31. 1850.</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 44, Saturday,
+August 31, 1850, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 44, ***
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+</pre>
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+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/old/13426.txt b/old/13426.txt
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+++ b/old/13426.txt
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 44, Saturday, August
+31, 1850, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes & Queries, No. 44, Saturday, August 31, 1850
+       A Medium Of Inter-Communication For Literary Men, Artists,
+       Antiquaries, Genealogists, Etc.
+
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: September 10, 2004 [EBook #13426]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 44, ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team and The Internet Library of Early Journals
+
+
+
+
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES:
+
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
+GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+No. 44.] SATURDAY, AUGUST 31, 1850 [Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {209}
+
+CONTENTS
+
+NOTES:
+
+Gravesend Boats                                        209
+Notes on Cunningham's Handbook of London, by E.F.
+    Rimbault                                           211
+Devotional Tracts belonging to Queen Katherine Parr,
+    by Dr. Charlton                                    212
+Suggestions for cheap Books of Reference               213
+Rib, why the first Woman formed from                   213
+Minor Notes:--Cinderella, or the Glass Slipper--Mistletoe
+    on Oaks--Omnibuses--Havock--Schlegel
+    on Church Property in England                      214
+
+QUERIES:
+P. Mathieu's Life of Sejanus                           215
+The Antiquity of Smoking                               216
+Sir Gregory Norton, Bart.                              216
+Minor Queries:--City Offices--Meaning of
+    Harefinder--Saffron-bag--Bishop Berkley's successful
+    Experiments--Unknown Portrait--Custom of selling
+    Wives--Hepburn Crest and Motto--Concolinel--"One
+    Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church"--The
+    Norfolk Dialect--Sir John Perrot--"Antiquitas saeculi
+    juventus mundi"                                    216
+
+REPLIES:
+Derivation of "News"                                   218
+Replies to Minor Queries:--Swords worn in Public--Quarles'
+    Pension--Franz von Sickingen--"Noll me
+    tangere"--Dr. Bowring's Translations--Countess
+    of Desmond--Yorkshire Dales--Sir Thomas Herbert's
+    Memoirs--Alarum--Practice of Scalping
+    among the Scythian's--Gospel Tree--Martinet--"Yote"
+    or "Yeot"--Map of London--Woodcarving,
+    Snow Hill--Waltheof--The Dodo--"Under
+    the Rose"--Ergh, Er, or Argh--Royal
+    Supporters--The Frog and the Crow of Ennow         218
+MISCELLANEOUS:
+
+Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c.                 222
+Books and Odd Volumes Wanted                           223
+Notices to Correspondents                              223
+Advertisements                                         223
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NOTES
+
+GRAVESEND BOATS.
+
+While so much has been said of coaches, in the early numbers of "Notes
+and Queries" and elsewhere, very little notice has been taken of another
+mode of conveyance which has now become very important. I think it may
+amuse some of your readers to compare a modern Gravesend boat and
+passage with the account given by Daniel Defoe, in the year 1724: and as
+it is contained in what I believe to be one of his least known works, it
+may probably be new to most of them. In his _Great Law of
+Subordination_, after describing the malpractices of hackney coachmen,
+he proceeds:
+
+    "The next are the watermen; and, indeed, the insolence of these,
+    though they are under some limitations too, is yet such at this
+    time, that it stands in greater need than any other, of severe
+    laws, and those laws being put in speedy execution.
+
+    "Some years ago, one of these very people being steersman of a
+    passage-boat between London and Gravesend, drown'd
+    three-and-fifty people at one time. The boat was bound from
+    Gravesend to London, was very full of passengers and goods, and
+    deep loaden. The wind blew very hard at south-west, which being
+    against them, obliged them to turn to windward, so the seamen
+    call it, when they tack from side to side, to make their voyage
+    against the wind by the help of the tide.
+
+    "The passengers were exceedingly frighted when, in one tack
+    stretching over the stream, in a place call'd Long-Reach, where
+    the river is very broad, the waves broke in upon the boat, and
+    not only wetted them all, but threw a great deal of water into
+    the boat, and they all begg'd of the steersman or master not to
+    venture again. He, sawey and impudent, mock'd them, ask'd some
+    of the poor frighted women if they were afraid of going to the
+    Devil; bid them say their prayers and the like, and then stood
+    over again, as it were, in a jest. The storm continuing, he
+    shipp'd a great deal of water that time also. By this time the
+    rest of the watermen begun to perswade him, and told him, in
+    short, that if he stood over again the boat would founder, for
+    that she was a great deal the deeper for the water she had taken
+    in, and one of them begg'd of him not to venture; he swore at
+    the fellow, call'd him fool, bade him let him alone to his
+    business, and he would warrant him; then used a vulgar
+    sea-proverb, which such fellows have in their mouths, 'Blow
+    Devil, the more wind, the better boat.'
+
+    "The fellow told him in so many words he would drown all the
+    passengers, and before his face began to strip, and so did two
+    more, that they might be in condition to swim for their lives.
+    This extremely terrify'd the passengers, who, having a cloth or
+    tilt over them, were in no condition to save their lives, so
+    that there was a dreadful cry among them, and some of the men
+    were making way to come at the steersman to make him by force
+    let fly the sail and stand back for the shore; but before they
+    could get to him the waves broke in upon the boat and carried
+    them all to the bottom, none escaping but the three watermen
+    that were prepar'd to swim. {210}
+
+    "It was but poor satisfaction for the loss of so many lives, to
+    say the steersman was drown'd with them, who ought, indeed, to
+    have died at the gallows, or on the wheel, for he was certainly
+    the murtherer of all the rest.
+
+    "I have many times pass'd between London and Gravesend with
+    these fellows in their smaller boats, when I have seen them, in
+    spite of the shrieks and cries of the women and the persuasions
+    of the men passengers, and, indeed, as if they were the more
+    bold by how much the passengers were the more afraid; I say, I
+    have seen them run needless hazards, and go, as it were, within
+    an inch of death, when they have been under no necessity of it,
+    and, if not in contempt of the passengers, it has been in meer
+    laziness to avoid their rowing; and I have been sometimes
+    oblig'd, especially when there has been more men in the boat of
+    the same mind, so that we have been strong enough for them, to
+    threaten to cut their throats to make them hand their sails and
+    keep under shore, not to fright as well as hazard the passengers
+    when there was no need of it.
+
+    "One time, being in one of these boats all alone, coming from
+    London to Gravesend, the wind freshen'd and it begun to blow
+    very hard after I was come about three or four mile of the way;
+    and as I said above, that I always thought those fellows were
+    the more venturous when their passengers were the most fearful,
+    I resolved I would let this fellow alone to himself; so I lay
+    down in the boat as if I was asleep, as is usual.
+
+    "Just when I lay down, I called to the waterman, 'It blows hard,
+    waterman,' said I; 'can you swim?' 'No, Sir,' says he. 'Nor
+    can't your man swim neither?' said I. 'No, Sir,' says the
+    servant. 'Well then,' says I, 'take care of yourselves, I shall
+    shift as well as you, I suppose:' and so down I lay. However, I
+    was not much disposed to sleep; I kept the tilt which they cover
+    their passengers with open in one place, so that I could see how
+    things went.
+
+    "The wind was fair, but over-blow'd so much, that in those
+    reaches of the river which turn'd crossway, and where the wind
+    by consequence was thwart the stream, the water went very high,
+    and we took so much into the boat, that I began to feel the
+    straw which lay under me at the bottom was wet, so I call'd to
+    the waterman, and jesting told him, they must go all hands to
+    the pump; he answered, he hoped I should not be wet; 'But it's
+    bad weather, master,' says he, 'we can't help it.' 'No, no,'
+    says I, ''tis pretty well yet, go on.'
+
+    "By and by I heard him say to himself, 'It blows very hard,' and
+    every now and then he repeated it, and sometimes thus: ''Twill
+    be a dirty night, 'twill be a terrible night,' and the like;
+    still I lay still and said nothing.
+
+    "After some time, and his bringing out several such speeches as
+    above, I rous'd as if I had but just wak'd; 'Well, waterman,'
+    says I, 'how d'ye go on?' 'Very indifferently,' says he; 'it
+    blows very hard.' 'Ay, so it does,' says I; 'where are we?' 'A
+    little above Erith,' says he; so down I lay again, and said no
+    more for that time.
+
+    "By and by he was at it again, 'It blows a frett of wind,' and
+    'It blows very hard,' and the like; but still I said nothing. At
+    last we ship'd a dash of water over the boat's head, and the
+    spry of it wetted me a little, and I started up again as if I
+    had been asleep; 'Waterman,' says I, 'what are you doing? what,
+    did you ship a sea?' 'Ay,' says the waterman, 'and a great one
+    too; why it blows a frett of wind.' 'Well, well,' says I, 'come,
+    have a good heart; where are we now?' 'Almost in Gallions,' says
+    he, 'that's a reach below Woolwich.'
+
+    "Well, when we got into the Gallions reach, there the water was
+    very rough, and I heard him say to his man, 'Jack, we'll keep
+    the weather-shore aboard, for it grows dark and it blows a
+    storm.' Ay, thought I, had I desir'd you to stand in under
+    shore, you would have kept off in meer bravado; but I said
+    nothing. By and by his mast broke, and gave a great crack, and
+    the fellow cry'd out, 'Lord have mercy upon us!' I started up
+    again, but still spoke cheerfully; 'What's the matter now?' says
+    I. 'L--d, Sir,' say's he, 'how can you sleep? why my mast is
+    come by the board.' 'Well, well,' says I, 'then you must take a
+    goose-wing.' 'A goose-wing! why,' says he, 'I can't carry a knot
+    of sail, it blows a storm.' 'Well,' says I, 'if you can't carry
+    any sail, you must drive up under shore then, you have the tide
+    under foot:' and with that I lay down again. The man did as I
+    said. A piece of his mast being yet standing, he made what they
+    call a goose-wing sail, that is, a little piece of the sail out,
+    just to keep the boat steddy, and with this we got up as high as
+    Blackwall; the night being then come on and very dark, and the
+    storm increasing, I suffer'd myself to be persuaded to put in
+    there, though five or six mile short of London; whereas, indeed,
+    I was resolv'd to venture no farther if the waterman would have
+    done it.
+
+    "When I was on shore, the man said to me, 'Master, you have been
+    us'd to the sea, I don't doubt; why you can sleep in a storm
+    without any concern, as if you did not value your life; I never
+    carry'd one in my life that did so; why, 'twas a wonder we had
+    not founder'd.' 'Why,' says I, 'friend, for that you know I left
+    it all to you; I did not doubt but you would take care of
+    yourself;' but after that I told him my other reason for it, the
+    fellow smil'd, but own'd the thing was true, and that he was the
+    more cautious a great deal, for that I took no thought about it;
+    and I am still of opinion, that the less frighted and timorous
+    their passengers are, the more cautious and careful the watermen
+    are, and the least apt to run into danger; whereas, if their
+    passengers appear frighted, then the watermen grow sawcy and
+    audacious, show themselves vent'rous, and contemn the dangers
+    which they are really exposed to."--p. 130.
+
+We are not bound to suppose that this is plain relation of matter of
+fact, any more than the _History of Robinson Crusoe_; but it is a
+graphic sketch of life and manners worth the notice of those who study
+such things. It forms at least a little contribution to the history of
+travelling in England. A passenger who had just landed from a Gravesend
+boat, to pursue his journey by land, might well be thankful to "be
+received in a coach" like that which had been started at York near half
+a century before.
+
+Alpha.
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {211}
+
+NOTES ON THE SECOND EDITION OF MR. CUNNINGHAM'S HANDBOOK OF LONDON.
+
+Mr. Cunningham's work on London is a book of such general interest, that
+the additions and corrections, which I shall continue from time to time
+to offer to your readers, will not, I think, be deemed impertinent or
+trifling. Let it not be imagined, for one single instant, that I wish to
+depreciate Mr. Cunningham's labours. On the contrary, his book is one of
+the most delightful publications relative to our great city which we
+possess. And let me candidly say, if I were to select only half-a-dozen
+volumes for my own reading, _Cunningham's Handbook of London_ would most
+assuredly be one of that number.
+
+The quaint and learned old Fuller, in his address to the _Worthies of
+England_, says:
+
+    "The bare skeleton of time, place, and person, must be fleshed
+    with some pleasant passages; and to this intent I have purposely
+    interlaced (not as meat but as condiment) many stories, so that
+    the reader, if he do not arise _religiosior_ or _doctior_, with
+    more piety or learning, at least he may depart _jucundior_, with
+    more pleasure and lawful delight."
+
+This remark has been well understood by Mr. Cunningham, whose pleasant
+quotations, and literary and artistic recollections, have made his book
+a _readable_ one to the many, and an instructive companion for the
+_initiated_.
+
+The "bare skeleton" sometimes wants "fleshing," and hence the following
+list of additions and corrections:
+
+1. _Dobney's_, or, more correctly, _D'Aubigney's Bowling Green_, was a
+celebrated place of amusement "more than sixty years since." It is now
+occupied by a group of houses called _Dobney's Place_, near the bottom
+of Penton street, and almost opposite to the Belvidere Tavern and Tea
+Gardens.
+
+2. _Bridge Street, Westminster._ The Long Wool-staple was on the site of
+this street. Henry VIII., in 1548, founded, "in the Long Wool-staple,"
+St. Stephen's Hospital, for eight maimed soldiers, who had each a
+convenient room, and received an allowance of 5l. a year from the
+exchequer. It was removed in 1735, and eight almshouses rebuilt in St.
+Anne's Lane, bearing the inscription "Wool-staple Pensioners, 1741." In
+1628, in the Overseer's books of St. Margaret's is rated in the
+Wool-staple "Orlando Gibbons ij d."
+
+3. _Campden House, Kensington._ Built by Sir Baptist Hickes in 1612;
+pulled down about 1827. Nicholas Lechmere, the eminent lawyer, was
+residing here when he was created a peer.
+
+  "Back in the dark, by Brompton Park,
+  He turned up thro' the Gore,
+  So slunk to _Campden House_ so high,
+  All in his coach and four."
+
+  Swift's Ballad of _Duke and no Duke_.
+
+4. _Finch's Grotto._ A place of amusement, similar to Vauxhall Gardens,
+much in vogue at the end of the last century. The "Grotto Gardens," as
+they were sometimes called, were situated partly in Winchester Park, or
+the Clink, and partly in the parish of St. George, Southwark.
+
+5. _Leicester Square._ Mr. Cunningham does not mention the fine house of
+Sir George Savile, in this square. It was subsequently Miss Linwood's
+_Exhibition of Needlework_; and has latterly been used as a
+concert-room, casino, &c. The statue in the centre of the square is
+George I., not George II.
+
+6. _Thavie's Inn._ A small brass plate fixed up against the first house
+on the west side, has the following inscription:
+
+    "Thavie's Inn, founded by John Thavie, Esquire, in the reign of
+    Edward the Third; Adjudged to be extra-parochial, in the Court
+    of King's Bench, Guild-hall, in the causes Fraser against the
+    Parish of St. Andrew, Holborn, on the 7th day of July, 1823, and
+    Marsden against the same parish, on the 17th day of October,
+    1826. This memorial of the antiquity and privileges of this inn,
+    was erected during the Treasurership of Francis Paget Watson,
+    Esq., Anno Dom. MDCCCXXVII."
+
+7. _Old Bailey._ Peter Bales, the celebrated writing master of Queen
+Elizabeth's reign, was master of a school "at the upper end of the _Old
+Bailey_" in 1590. It was here he published his first work, entitled,
+_The Writing School Master_.
+
+8. _Islington._ During the reign of James I. and Charles I., Islington
+was a favourite resort, on account of its rich dairies. In that part of
+the manor of Highbury at the lower end of Islington, there were, in
+1611, eight inns principally supported by summer visitors. See _Nelson's
+History of Islington_, p. 38, 4to., 1811.
+
+  "--Hogsdone, _Islington_, and Tothnam Court,
+  For cakes and creame had then no small resort."
+
+  Wither's _Britain's Remembrancer_, 12mo. 1628.
+
+9. _Seven Dials._ The Doric column with its "seven dials," which once
+marked this locality, now "ornaments" the pleasant little town of
+Walton-on-Thames.
+
+10. _Mews (the King's)._ The fore-court of the royal mews was used in
+1829 for the exhibition of a "monstrous whale." The _building_ (which
+stood upon the site of the National Gallery) was occupied, at the same
+time, by the _Museum of National Manufactures_. The "Museum" was
+removed, upon the pulling down of the mews, to Dr. Hunter's house in
+Leicester Square, and was finally closed upon the establishment of the
+_Royal Polytechnic Institution_.
+
+Mr. Cunningham, in his _Chronology_, says the mews was taken down in
+1827. In the body of the book he gives the date, perhaps more correctly,
+1830. {212}
+
+11. _Brownlow Street, Holborn._ This should be "Brownlow Street, _Drury
+Lane_;" George Vertue the engraver was living here in 1748.
+
+12. _White Conduit House._ The anonymous author of _The Sunday Ramble_,
+1774, has left us the following description of this once popular
+tea-gardens:
+
+    "The garden is formed into several pleasing walks, prettily
+    disposed; at the end of the principal one is a painting, which
+    serves to render it much larger in appearance than it really is;
+    and in the middle of the garden is a round fish-pond,
+    encompassed with a great number of very genteel boxes for
+    company, curiously cut into the hedges, and adorned with a
+    variety of Flemish and other painting; there are likewise two
+    handsome tea-rooms, one over the other, as well as several
+    inferior ones in the dwelling-house."
+
+"White Conduit Loaves" were for a long time famous, and before the great
+augmentation in the price of bread, during the revolutionary war with
+France, they formed one of the regular "London cries."
+
+13. _Vauxhall Gardens._ A curious and highly interesting description of
+this popular place of amusement, "a century ago," was printed in 1745,
+under the title of _A Sketch of the Spring-Gardens, Vaux-hall, in a
+letter to a Noble Lord_, 8vo. My copy is much at Mr. Cunningham's
+service for any future edition of his _Handbook_.
+
+Edward F. Rimbault.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+DEVOTIONAL TRACTS BELONGING TO QUEEN KATHERINE PARR.
+
+In your Number for August 10th, I observe an inquiry regarding a MS.
+book of prayers said to have belonged to Queen Katherine Parr. Of the
+book in question I know nothing, but there has lately come into my
+possession a volume of early English printed devotional works, which
+undoubtedly has belonged to this Queen. The volume is a small duodecimo,
+bound red velvet, with gilt leaves, and it has had ornamental borders
+and clasps of some metal, as the impressions of these are still
+distinctly visible upon the velvet covering. The contents of this volume
+are as follows:
+
+    1. "A sermon of Saint Chrysostome, wherein besyde that it is
+    furnysshed with heuenly wisedome and teachinge, he wonderfully
+    proueth that No man is hurted but of hym-selfe: translated into
+    Englishe by the floure of lerned menne in his tyme, Thomas
+    Lupsete, Londoner, 1534."
+
+At the bottom of this title-page is written, in the well-known bold hand
+of Katherine Parr,--"Kateryn the Quene, K.P.," with the equally
+well-known flourish beneath.
+
+    2. "A svvete and devovte sermon of Holy Saynet Ciprian of
+    mortalitie of man. The rules of a Christian life made by Picus,
+    erle of Mirandula, both translated into Englyshe by Syr Thomas
+    Elyot, Knyght. Londini, Anno verbi incarnati MDXXXIX.
+
+    3. "An exhortation to yonge men, &c., by Thomas Lupsete,
+    Londener, 1534.
+
+    4. "A treatise of charitie, 1534.
+
+    5. "Here be the Gathered Counsales of Sainete Isidorie, &c.,
+    1539.
+
+    6. "A compendious and a very fruitful treatise teaching the waye
+    of dyenge well, written to a frende by the floure of lerned men
+    of his tyme, Thomas Lupsete, Londoner, late deceassed, on whose
+    sowle Jesu have mercy. 1541."
+
+Almost all these treatises are printed by Thomas Berthelet. I know not
+if any of these treatises are now scarce. On the fly-leaf opposite the
+first page we find the following scriptural sentences, which are, in my
+opinion, and in that of others to whom I have shown the book, evidently
+written by the hand of the queen.
+
+It will be only necessary to give the first and last of these sentences:
+
+    "Delyte not in Þe multytude of ungodly men, and haue no pleasure
+    in Þem, for they feare not God.
+
+    "Refuse not Þe prayer of one yt is in trouble, and turne not
+    away thy face from the nedye."
+
+We need not quote more; but on the opposite side of the fly-leaf are
+some verses of a different character, and which I suspect to be from the
+royal pen of Henry VIII. The writing is uncommonly difficult to
+decypher, but it bears a strong resemblance to all that I have seen of
+Henry's handwriting. A portion of the verses, as far as I can make them
+out, are here subjoined:
+
+  Respect.
+
+  "Blush not, fayre nimphe, tho (nee?) of nobell blod,
+  I fain avoutch it, and of manners good,
+  Spottles in lyf, of mynd sencere and sound,
+  In whoam a world of vertues doth abowend,
+  And sith besyd yt ye lycens giv withall
+  Set doughts asyd and to some sporting fall,
+  Therefoor, suspysion, I do banyshe thee"
+
+Then follows a line I cannot decypher, and at the bottom of the page is
+
+  "You will be clear of my suspysion."
+
+Are these verses from some old poet, or are they composed as well as
+written by the royal tyrant? for no other would, I think, have addressed
+such lines to "Kateryn the Quene."
+
+I have only to add that the volume was given me by the sister of the
+late President of the English college at Valladolid, and that he
+obtained it during his residence in Spain. It is not unlikely it may
+have been carried thither by some of the English Catholics, who resorted
+to that country for education. In 1625 it seems to have belonged to John
+Sherrott.
+
+I should be glad of any information about the verses.
+
+E. Charlton, M.D.
+
+Newcastle-upon-Tyne, August 18. 1850.
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {213}
+
+SUGGESTIONS FOR CHEAP BOOKS OF REFERENCE.
+
+Although your space is generally devoted to the higher and more curious
+inquiries respecting antiquities and literature, I am sure you will not
+grudge a little room for facilitating and improving the means of popular
+information and instruction.
+
+For every man, almost in any station in society, I submit that the
+followings works for reference are indispensable, in the most convenient
+corner or shelf of his library:--1. A Biographical Dictionary. 2. A
+Gazetteer. 3. A Statistical or Commercial Dictionary. With works of that
+description the public have been very indifferently supplied during the
+last thirty years: at least, at the _moderate prices_ calculated to
+bring them within the reach of students in humbler life, forming the
+great mass of readers. Mr. Constable, of Edinburgh, published in 1817 an
+abridged Gazetteer, price 18s., but there has been no such work since.
+Mr. A.K. Johnston's _Geographical Dictionary_, at 36s., lately
+published, supplies to a certain class of readers one of the works
+wanted.
+
+I beg to suggest a few observations for the improvement of works of this
+description through your valuable channel.
+
+I. I submit that none of the dictionaries of reference now specified
+should be published without promise of a _periodical supplement_ every
+five or seven years, containing later matter and intelligence. For
+example, how easily could this be given in the case of a Biographical
+Dictionary! Say that such a work has been published in 1830 (which, it
+is believed, is the date of Gorton's excellent _Biographical
+Dictionary_), the compiler of a supplement has only to collect and
+arrange monthly or annual obituaries of the common magazines since 1830
+to make a good and useful supplemental volume.
+
+II. I would suggest to skilful authors and booksellers publishing
+Biographical Dictionaries to follow the French and American custom of
+including in them the more eminent _contemporary_ living characters.
+That would add greatly to the use of the book; and the matter could
+easily be collected from the current Books of Peerage and Parliamentary
+Companions, with aid from the numerous magazines as to distinguished
+literary men.
+
+III. The supplements for Gazetteers could be easily compiled from the
+_parliamentary papers_ and magazines of the day. I would refer
+particularly to the supplements published by Mr. McCulloch to his
+_Commercial Dictionary_ as an example to be followed; while the conduct
+lately adopted in the new edition of Maunder's _Biographical Treasury_
+should be avoided. The old edition of that collection consisted of 839
+pages, and it is believed it was _stereotyped_. A new edition, or a new
+issue, of the old 839 pages was lately published, the same as the
+original dictionary, with a supplement of 72 pages. That is not sold
+separately; so that the holders of the old edition must purchase the
+whole work a _second_ time in 1850, at 10s., to procure the supplement.
+The public should not encourage such a style of publication. Any one
+might publish a supplemental dictionary since 1836, which would equally
+serve with the old edition. This hint is particularly addressed to Mr.
+Charles Knight.
+
+These hints are offered to the publishers and encouragers of _popular_
+works for general readers, at economical prices; and they might be
+extended. For example, dictionaries of medicine for family use have
+great sale. Sometimes, it is believed, they are stereotyped. Why should
+not later practice and discoveries be published in a cheaper
+_supplement_, to preserve the value of the original work? Thus, in my
+family, I use the excellent _Cyclopaedia of Popular Medicine_ published
+by Dr. Murray in 1842; but on looking into it for "Chloroform" and "Cod
+Liver Oil," no such articles are to be found, as they were not known in
+1842. The skilful will find many other omissions.
+
+IV. There might be a greater difficulty in constructing a popular
+commercial or statistical dictionary, at a moderate price, to be
+supplied with supplements at later intervals. But even as to these,
+there is a good model in Waterston's _Small Dictionary of Commerce_,
+published in 1844, which, with a supplement, might afford, for a few
+shillings, to give all the later information derived from the free-trade
+measures and extension of our colonies. Waterston's original work is
+advertised often for sale at 10s. or 12s., and a supplement at 3s. would
+bring it within the reach of the great bulk of readers.
+
+These suggestions are offered without the slightest intention to
+depreciate or disparage the greater and more elaborate works of Mr.
+McCulloch, and others who compile and publish works worthy of reference,
+and standards of authority among men of highest science. No man who can
+afford it would ever be without the latest edition (without the aid of
+supplements) of large works; but it is manifest that there has been a
+great neglect to supply the mass of readers in ordinary circumstances
+with books of common reference, at moderate prices; and I hope that some
+publishers of enterprise and sagacity will see it to be their interest
+to act on the advice now offered.
+
+PHILANTHROPOS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+RIB, WHY THE FIRST WOMAN FORMED FROM.
+
+Allow me to request a place for the following curious and quaint
+exposition of the propriety of the selection of _the rib_ as the
+material out of which our first mother Eve was formed; and the ingenious
+illustration which it is made to afford of the relation between wife and
+husband. {214}
+
+    "Thirdly, God so ordered the matter betwixt them, that this
+    adhaesion and agglutination of one to the other should be
+    perpetuall. For by taking a bone from the man (who was _nimium
+    osseus_, exceeded and was somewhat monstrous, by one bone too
+    much) to strengthen the woman, and by putting flesh in steede
+    thereof to mollifie the man, he made a sweete complexion and
+    temper betwixt them, like harmony in musicke, for their amiable
+    cohabitation.
+
+    "Fourthly, that bone which God tooke from the man, was from out
+    the midst of him. As Christ wrought saluation _in medio terrae_,
+    so God made the woman _e medio viri_, out of the very midst of
+    man. The _species_ of the bone is exprest to be _costa_, a rib,
+    a bone of the side, not of the head: a woman is not _domina_,
+    the ruler; nor of any anterior part; she is not _praelata_,
+    preferred before the man; nor a bone of the foote; she is not
+    _serva_, a handmaid; nor of any hinder part; she is not
+    _post-posita_, set behind the man: but a bone of the _side_, of
+    a middle and indifferent part, to show that she is _socia_, a
+    companion to the husband. For _qui junguntur lateribus, socii
+    sunt_, they that walke side to side and cheeke to cheeke, walke
+    as companions.
+
+    "Fifthly, I might adde, a bone from vnder the arme, to put the
+    man in remembrance of protection and defense to the woman.
+
+    "Sixthly, a bone not far from his heart to put him in minde of
+    dilection and loue to the woman. Lastly, a bone from the left
+    side, to put the woman in minde, that by reason of her frailty
+    and infirmity she standeth in need of both the one and the other
+    from her husband.
+
+    "To conclude my discourse, if these things be duely examined
+    when man taketh a woman to wife, _reparat latus suum_, what doth
+    he else but remember the maime that was sometimes made in his
+    side, and desireth to repaire it? _Repetit costam suam_, he
+    requireth and fetcheth back the rib that was taken from him,"
+    &c. &c.--From pp. 28, 30, of "_Vitis Palatina_, A sermon
+    appointed to be preached at Whitehall, upon Tuesday after the
+    marriage of the Ladie Elizabeth, her Grace, by the B. of London.
+    London: printed for John Bill, 1614."
+
+The marriage actually took place on the 14th of February, 1612. In the
+dedication to the Prince of Wales, afterwards Charles I., the Bishop
+(Dr. John King) hints that he had delayed the publication till the full
+meaning of his text, which is Psalm xxviii. ver. 3, should have been
+accomplished by the birth of a son, an event which had been recently
+announced, and that, too, on the very day when this Psalm occurred in
+the course of the Church service.
+
+The sermon is curious, and I may hereafter trouble you with some notices
+of these "Wedding Sermons," which are evidently contemplated by the
+framers of our Liturgy, as the concluding homily of the office for
+matrimony is by the Rubric to be read "if there be no sermon." It is
+observable that the first Rubric especially directs that the woman shall
+stand on the man's left hand. Any notices on the subject from your
+correspondents would be acceptable.
+
+In the first series of Southey's _Common Place Book_, at page 226., a
+passage is quoted from Henry Smith's _Sermons_, which dwells much upon
+the formation of the woman from _the rib_ of man, but not in such detail
+as Bishop King has done. Notices of the Bishop may be found in Keble's
+edition of _Hooker_, vol. ii. pp. 24, 100, 103. It appears that after
+his death it was alleged that he maintained Popish doctrines. This his
+son, Henry King, canon of St. Paul's, and Archdeacon of Colchester,
+satisfactorily disproved in a sermon at Paul's Cross, and again in the
+dedication prefixed to his "_Exposition upon the Lord's Prayer_," 4to.,
+London, 1634. See Wood's _Athenae Oxon._, fol. edit. vol. ii. p. 294.
+
+As for the marriage of the Princess Elizabeth, afterwards celebrated for
+her misfortunes as Queen of Bohemia, it was celebrated in an
+epithalamium by Dr. Donne, _Works_, 8vo. edit. vol. vi. p. 550. And in
+the Somer's _Tracts_, vol. iii., pp. 35, 43., may be found descriptions
+of the "_shewes_," and a poem of Taylor the Water Poet, entitled
+"Heaven's Blessing and Earth's Joy," all tending to show the great
+contemporary interest which the event occasioned.
+
+Balliolensis.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MINOR NOTES
+
+_Cinderella, or the Glass Slipper._--Two centuries ago furs were so
+rare, and therefore so highly valued, that the wearing of them was
+restricted by several sumptuary laws to kings and princes. Sable, in
+those laws called _vair_, was the subject of countless regulations: the
+exact quality permitted to be worn by persons of different grades, and
+the articles of dress to which it might be applied, were defined most
+strictly. Perrault's tale of _Cinderella_ originally marked the dignity
+conferred on her by the fairy by her wearing a slipper of _vair_, a
+privilege then confined to the highest rank of princesses. An error of
+the press, now become inveterate, changed _vair_ into _verre_, and the
+slipper of _sable_ was suddenly converted into a _glass_ slipper.
+
+Jarltzberg.
+
+
+_Mistletoe on Oaks._--In Vol. ii., p. 163., I observed a citation on the
+extreme rarity of _mistletoe on oaks_, from Dr. Giles and Dr. Daubeny;
+and with reference to it, and to some remarks of Professor Henslow in
+the _Gardeners' Chronicle_, I communicated to the latter journal, last
+week, the fact of my having, at this present time, a bunch of that plant
+growing in great luxuriance on an oak aged upwards of seventy years.
+
+I beg leave to repeat it for the use of your work, and to add, what I
+previously appended as likely to be interesting to the archaeologist of
+Wales or the Marches, that the oak bearing it stands about half a mile
+N.W. of my residence here, on the earthen mound of Badamscourt, once a
+moated {215} mansion of the Herberts, or Ab-Adams, of Beachley adjacent,
+and of Llanllowell.
+
+George Ormerod.
+
+Sedbury Park, Chepstow.
+
+
+_Omnibuses._--It may be interesting to your readers at a future time to
+know when these vehicles, the use of which is daily extending, were
+introduced into this country; perhaps, therefore, you will allow me to
+state how the fact is. Mr. C. Knight, in his _Volume of Varieties_, p.
+178., observes:
+
+    "The Omnibus was tried about 1800, with four horses and six
+    wheels; but we refused to accept it in any shape till we
+    imported the fashion from Paris in 1830."
+
+And Mr. Shillibeer, of the City Road, the inventor of the patent funeral
+carriage, in his evidence before the Board of Health on the general
+scheme for extra-mural sepulture, incidentally mentions that he
+
+    "Had had much experience in cheapening vehicular transit, having
+    originated and established the Omnibus in England."--_Report_,
+    p. 124., 8vo. ed.
+
+Arun.
+
+
+_Havock._--Havock is a term in our ancient English military laws: the
+use of it was forbidden among the soldiery by the army regulations of
+those days; so in the Ordinances des Batailles in the ninth year of
+Richard II, art. x.:
+
+    "Item, que nul soit si hardi de crier havoick sur peine d'avoir
+    la teste coupe."
+
+This was properly a punishable offence in soldiers; havock being the cry
+of mutual encouragement to general massacre, unlimited slaughter, that
+no quarter should be given, &c. A tract on "The office of the constable
+and Mareshall in the tyme of Warre," contained in the black book of the
+Admiralty, has this passage:
+
+    "Also, that no man be so hardy to crye havock upon peyne that he
+    that is begynner shall be deede therefore: and the remanent that
+    doo the same, or follow, shall lose their horse and harneis ...
+    and his body in prison at the king's will."
+
+And this appears to answer well to the original term, which is taken
+from the ravages committed by a troop of wild beasts, wolves, lions,
+&c., falling on a flock of sheep. But some think it was originally a
+hunting term, importing the letting loose a pack of hounds. Shakspeare
+combines both senses:
+
+    "Cry havock! and let slip the dogs of war."
+
+In a copy of Johnson's _Dictionary_ before me, I find
+
+    "HAVOCK (haroc, Sax.), waste; wide and general devastation."
+    _Spenser_.
+
+    "HAVOCK, _interj_, a word of encouragement to slaughter."
+    _Shakspeare_.
+
+    "TO HAVOCK, _v. a._, to waste; to destroy; to lay waste."
+    _Spenser_.
+
+Jarltzberg.
+
+
+_Schlegel on Church Property in England._--Fr. Schlegel, in his
+_Philosophy of History_, says, p. 403., "in England and Sweden church
+property remained inviolate:" what the case may be in Sweden I do not
+know, but it appears strange that a man of such general knowledge as F.
+Schlegel should make such an assertion as regards England.
+
+S.N.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+QUERIES.
+
+P. MATHIEU'S LIFE OF SEJANUS.
+
+In a letter from Southey to his friend Bedford, dated Nov. 11, 1821
+(_Life and Correspondence_, vol. v. p. 99.), he desires him to inform
+Gifford that
+
+    "In a volume of tracts at Lowther, of Charles I.'s time, I found
+    a life of Sejanus by P.M., by which initials some hand,
+    apparently as old as the book, had written Philip Massinger. I
+    did not read the tract, being too keenly in pursuit of other
+    game; but I believe it had a covert aim at Buckingham. I have
+    not his Massinger, and, therefore, do not know whether he is
+    aware that this was ever ascribed to that author; if he is not,
+    he will be interested in the circumstance, and may think it
+    worthy of further inquiry."
+
+As others may be led by this hint to enter on such an inquiry, I would
+suggest that it may save much trouble if they first satisfy themselves
+that the _Life of Sejanus_ by P. Mathieu may not have been the tract
+which fell in Southey's way. It is to be found in a volume entitled
+
+    "_Unhappy Prosperity_, expressed in the History of AElius Selanus
+    and Philippa the _Catanian_, with observations upon the fall of
+    Sejanus. Lastly, Certain Considerations upon the life and
+    Services of _Monsieur_ Villeroy, translated out of the original
+    [French] by _S'r T. H._[_awkins_], _second edition_, 12'o.
+    London, 1639."
+
+This was just eleven years after Buckingham met his fate at the hands of
+Felton. How long the interval between the first and this, the second
+edition, may have been, I cannot tell. Nor do I know enough of the
+politics of the time to determine whether anything can be inferred from
+the fact that the translation is dedicated to William Earl of Salisbury,
+or to warrant me in saying that these illustrations of the fate of royal
+favourites may have been brought before the English public with any view
+to the case of George Villiers. A passage, however, in Mathieu's
+dedication of the original "to the king," seems to render it not
+improbable, certainly not inapplicable:
+
+    "You (Sir) shall therein [in this history] behold, that _a
+    prince ought to be very carefull to conserve his authority
+    entire. Great ones_ [court favourites] _here may learne_, it is
+    not good to play with the generous {216} Lyon though he suffer
+    it, and that _favours are precipices for such as abuse them_."
+
+Having referred to this work of Mathieu's, I shall feel obliged to any
+of your correspondents who will favour me with a notice of it, or of the
+author.
+
+Balliolensis.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE ANTIQUITY OF SMOKING.
+
+I feel much interested in the Query of your correspondent Z.A.Z. (Vol.
+ii., p. 41.) I had a "Query" something similar, with a "Note" on it,
+lying by me for some time, which I send you as they stand.--Was not
+smoking in use in England and other countries before the introduction of
+tobacco? Whitaker says, a few days after the tower of Kirkstall Abbey
+fell, 1779, he
+
+    "Discovered imbedded in the mortar of the fallen fragments
+    several little smoking pipes, such as were used in the reign of
+    James I. for tobacco; a proof of a fact _which has not been
+    recorded_, that, prior to the introduction of that plant from
+    America, the practice of inhaling the smoke of some indigenous
+    plant or vegetable prevailed in England." (_Loidis and Elmete_.)
+
+Allowing, then, pipes to have been coeval with the erection of
+Kirkstall, we find them to have been used in England about 400 years
+before the introduction of tobacco. On the other hand, as Dr. Whitaker
+says, we find _no record_ of their being used, or of smoking being
+practised; and it is almost inconceivable that our ancestors should have
+had such a practice, without any allusion being made to it by any
+writers. As to the antiquity of smoking in Ireland, the first of Irish
+antiquaries, the learned and respected Dr. Petrie, says:
+
+    "The custom of smoking is of much greater antiquity in Ireland
+    than the introduction of tobacco into Europe. Smoking pipes made
+    of bronze are frequently found in our Irish _tumuli_, or
+    sepulchral mounds, of the most remote antiquity; and similar
+    pipes, made of baked clay, are discovered daily in all parts of
+    the island. A curious instance of the _bathos_ in sculpture,
+    which also illustrates the antiquity of this custom, occurs on
+    the monument of Donogh O'Brien, king of Thomond, who was killed
+    in 1267, and interred in the Abbey of Corcumrac, in the co. of
+    Clare, of which his family were the founders. He is represented
+    in the usual recumbent posture, with the short pipe or _dudeen_
+    of the Irish in his mouth."
+
+In the _Anthologia Hibernica_ for May 1793, vol. i. p. 352., we have
+some remarks on the antiquity of smoking "among the German and Northern
+nations," who, the writer says, "were clearly acquainted with, and
+cultivated tobacco, which they smoked through wooden and earthen tubes."
+He refers to Herod. lib. i. sec. 36.; Strabo, lib. vii. 296.; Pomp. Mela
+2, and Solinus, c. 15.
+
+Wherever we go, we see smoking so universal a practice, and people
+"taking to it so naturally," that we are inclined to believe that it was
+always so; that our first father enjoyed a quiet puff now and then;
+(that, like a poet, man "nascitur non fit" a smoker); and that the
+soothing power of this narcotic tranquillised the soul of the aquatic
+patriarch, disturbed by the roar of billows and the convulsions of
+nature, and diffused its peaceful influence over the inmates of the ark.
+Yes, we are tempted to spurn the question, When and where was smoking
+introduced? as being equal to When and where was _man_ introduced? Yet,
+as some do not consider man as a smoking animal "de natu et ab initio,"
+the question may provoke some interesting replies from your learned
+correspondents.
+
+Jarltzberg.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+SIR GREGORY NORTON, BART.
+
+I am desirous to be informed of the date and particulars of the above
+baronetcy having been created. In _The Mystery of the good old Cause
+briefly unfolded_ (1660), it is stated, at p. 26., that Sir Gregory
+Norton, Bart. (one of the king's judges), had Richmond House, situated
+in the _Old_ Park, and much of the king's goods, for an inconsiderable
+value. Sir Gregory Norton has a place also in _The Loyal Martyrology_ of
+Winstanley (1665), p. 130.; and also in _History of the King-killers_
+(1719), part 6. p. 75. It is unnecessary to refer to Noble's
+_Regicides_, he having simply copied the two preceding works. Sir
+Gregory died before the Restoration, in 1652, and escaped the vindictive
+executions which ensued, and was buried at Richmond in Surrey. There was
+a Sir _Richard_ Norton, Bart., of Rotherfield, _Hants_ (Query
+Rotherfield, _Sussex_, near Tunbridge Wells), who is mentioned by
+Sylvanus Morgan in his _Sphere of Gentry_; but he does not record a Sir
+Gregory. Nor does the latter occur in a perfect collection of the
+knights made by King James I., by J.P. (Query John Philipot?), London,
+Humphrey Moseley, 1660, 8vo. I have examined all the various works on
+extinct and dormant baronetcies ineffectually. In the _Mercurius
+Publicus_ of Thursday, 28th June, 1660, it appears that on the preceding
+Saturday the House of Commons settled the manor of Richmond, with house
+and materials, purchased by Sir Gregory Norton, Bart., on the queen
+(Henrietta Maria) as part of her jointure.
+
+D.N.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MINOR QUERIES.
+
+_City Offices._--Can any of your correspondents recommend some book
+which gives a good history of the different public offices of the city
+of London, with their duties and qualifications, and in whom the
+appointments are vested?
+
+A Citizen.
+
+
+_Harefinder, Meaning of._--Can any of your readers kindly give a
+feasible explanation of {217} phrase _harefinder_, as it occurs in _Much
+Ado about Nothing_, Act i. Sc. 1.? A reference to any similar term in a
+contemporary would be very valuable.
+
+B.
+
+
+_Saffron-bag._--Having lately read Sir E.B. Lytton's novel of _The
+Caxtons_--to which I must give a passing tribute of admiration--I have
+been a good deal puzzled, first, to ascertain the meaning, and, second,
+the origin of the _saffron-bag_ of which he speaks so much. I have asked
+many persons, and have not been able to obtain a satisfactory solution
+of my difficulty. Should you or any of your contributors be able, I wish
+you would enlighten not only me but many of my equally unlearned
+friends.
+
+W.C. Luard.
+
+
+_Bishop Berkley's successful Experiments._--I have somewhere read that
+Bishop Berkley succeeded in increasing the stature of an individual
+placed in his charge. Will any of your correspondents give me the
+details of such process, with their opinions as to the practicability of
+the scheme?
+
+F.W.
+
+
+_Portrait (Unknown)._--A very carefully painted portrait, on an oak
+panel, has been in the possession of my family for many years, and I
+should be much pleased if any of your correspondents could enable me to
+identify the personage.
+
+The figure, which is little more than a head, is nearly the size of
+life, and represents an elderly man with grey hair and a long venerable
+beard: the dress, which is but little shown, is black. At the upper part
+of the panel, on the dexter side, is a shield, bearing these
+arms:--Argent on a fess sable between three crosses patees, Or, as many
+martlets of the last. Above the shield is written "In cruce glorior." I
+have searched in vain for those arms. On the prints published by the
+Society of Antiquaries, of the funeral of Abbot Islip, is one nearly
+similar,--the field ermine on a fess between three crosses patees, as
+many martlets. The colours are not shown by the engraver. A manuscript
+ordinary, by Glover, in my possession, contains another, which is
+somewhat like that on the picture, being--Argent on a fess engrailed
+sable, bearing three crosses patees, Gules, as many martlets on the
+field. This is there ascribed to "Canon George." It is very probable
+that the gold crosses on the white field was an error of the portrait
+painter.
+
+The size of the oak panel, which is thick, is seventeen inches wide, and
+twenty-two in height. The motto is in a cursive hand, apparently of
+about the time of Edward VI.
+
+T.W.
+
+
+_Wives, Custom of Selling._--Has there ever been any foundation in law
+for the practice of selling of wives, which our neighbours the French
+persist in believing to be perfectly legal and common at the present
+day? What was the origin of the custom? An amusing series of "Notes"
+might be made, from instances in which the custom is introduced as
+characteristic of English manners, by French and other foreign writers.
+
+G.L.B.
+
+
+_Hepburn Crest and Motto._--Can some of your numerous readers give me
+the origin of the crest and motto of the family of Hepburn, namely, a
+horse argent, furnished gules, passant, and tied to a tree proper.
+Motto, "Keep Traist."
+
+I should also be glad to know the name of any book containing the
+legends, or authentic stories, relating to the heraldic bearings of
+various families?
+
+R.E.
+
+
+_Concolinel._--I have recently met with a curious manuscript which
+contains numerous tunes of the time of Queen Elizabeth, one of which is
+stated in a recent hand to be the "tune of _Concolinel_ mentioned by
+Shakspeare;" but the old index, if there was one that indicated this, is
+now missing. My reason for writing to you is to ask whether Dr.
+Rimbault, or any of your other correspondents, can refer me to any
+information that will enable me to ascertain whether my MS. really
+contains that tune. It certainly does contain several others noticed by
+Shakspeare.
+
+R.
+
+
+"_One Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church._"--Can any of your
+correspondents inform me how, or why, the word "holy" is omitted in the
+above article of the Nicene (Constantinopolitan) Creed, in all our
+Prayer-books? It is not omitted in the original Greek and Latin.
+
+J.M.W.
+
+
+_The Norfolk Dialect._--Mr. Dickens' attempt to give interest to his new
+novel by introducing this dialect would have been even more successful
+had he been more familiar with the curious peculiarities of that
+east-coast language. Many of the words are, I believe, quite peculiar to
+Norfolk and Suffolk, such as, for instance, the following:
+
+  _Mawther_, a girl, a wench.
+  _Gotsch_, a stone jug.
+  _Holl_, a dry ditch.
+  _Anan? An?_ an interrogation used when the
+  speaker does not understand a question put to him.
+  _To be muddled_, to be distressed in mind.
+  _Together_, an expletive used thus: where are
+  you going _together?_ (meaning several persons)--what
+  are you doing _together?_
+
+Perhaps some reader can explain the origin of these words.
+
+Icenus.
+
+
+_Sir John Perrot._--Sir John Perrot, governor of Ireland in the reign of
+Henry VIII., was one of the few rulers over that most unfortunate
+country who have ruled it wisely. I believe that he was beheaded in the
+reign of Elizabeth. Will any of your readers kindly inform me whether
+his life has {218} ever been published, or where I can meet with the
+best account of him?
+
+E.N.W.
+
+
+"_Antiquitas saeculi juventus mundi._"--Mr. Craik in his admirable little
+work on _Bacon; his Writings and his Philosophy_, after quoting the
+paragraph containing this fine aphoristic expression, remarks that,
+
+    "From the manner in which it is here introduced as a Latin
+    phrase, there would seen to be some reason for doubting whether
+    it be an original thought of Bacon's. It has much the appearance
+    of some aphorism or adage of the schools." (Vol. ii. p. 55.)
+
+Mr. Craik adds in a note,
+
+    "A friend, however, who, if we were to name him, would be
+    recognised as one of the first of living authorities on all
+    points connected with the history of learning and philosophy,
+    informs us that he feels certain of having never met with the
+    expression or the thought in any writer previous to Bacon."
+
+In Basil Montagu's edition of _The Advancement of Learning_ it is marked
+as a quotation. Query. Has the expression, or the thought, been traced
+to any writer previous to Bacon?
+
+J.M.B.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+REPLIES.
+
+DERIVATION OF NEWS.
+
+I have no wish to prolong the controversy on this word, in which I feel
+I, at least, have had my share. I beg room, however, for an observation
+on one or two very pertinent remarks by Mr. Singer.
+
+In the course of this argument I have seen that if _news_ were
+originally a plural noun, it might be taken for an ellipsis of
+_new-tidings_. My objection to this would be twofold. First, that the
+adjective _new_ is of too common use, and, at the same time, too general
+and vague to form an ellipsis intelligible on its first application;
+and, secondly, that the ellipsis formed of _new-tidings_ would be found
+to express no more than _tidings_, still requiring the _new_, if the
+idea of _new_ were required, as in the instance Mr. Singer cites of _new
+newes_.
+
+I would not pretend to determine whether the word were taken from the
+High German or the Dutch; but Mr. Singer's remark, that our language has
+derived scarcely anything from the former, brings back the question to
+the point from which I originally started. That there was a political
+and commercial connexion between the two countries, I suppose there can
+be no doubt and such, I imagine, never existed without leaving its marks
+on languages so near akin.
+
+Taking up Bailey's _Dictionary_ by accident a day or two ago, I turned
+to the word, which I there find as derived from Newes, _Teut_.; Bailey
+using the term _Teutonic_ for German.
+
+I think I shall express the feelings of the majority of your readers in
+saying that nothing could be more acceptable or valuable to the
+consideration of any etymological question than the remarks of Mr.
+Singer.
+
+Samuel Hickson.
+
+
+I have read with much interest the respective theories of the derivation
+of _news_, and it seems to me that Mr. Hickson's opinion must give way
+to an excellent authority in questions of this kind, Dr. Latham, who
+says,
+
+    Some say, _this news_ IS good in which case the word is
+    singular. More rarely we find the expression, _these news_ ARE
+    good; in which case the word "news" is plural. In the word
+    "news", the -_s_ (unlike the -_s_ in _alms_ and _riches_) is no
+    part of the original singular, but the sign of the plural, like
+    the -_s_ in "trees." Notwithstanding this, we cannot subtract
+    the _s_, and say "new," in the same way that we _can_ form
+    "tree" from "trees." Hence the word "news" is, in respect to its
+    original form, plural; in respect to its meaning, either
+    singular or plural, most frequently the former.--_Eng.
+    Grammar_, p. 62.
+
+The above extract will probably suffice to show the true state of the
+case, and for information on similar points I would refer your readers
+to the work from which the above extract is taken, and also to that on
+_The English Language_, by the same author.
+
+T. C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES.
+
+_Swords worn in public_ (Vol. i., p. 415.; vol. ii. p. 110.).--I am
+surprised that the curious topic suggested by the Query of J.D.A. has
+not been more satisfactorily answered. Wedsecuarf's reply (Vol. ii., p.
+110.) is short, and not quite exact. He says that "Swords ceased to be
+worn as an article of dress through the influence of Beau Nash, and were
+consequently first out of fashion at Bath;" and he quotes the authority
+of Sir Lucius O'Trigger as to "wearing no swords _there_." Now, it is, I
+believe, true that Nash endeavoured to discountenance the wearing swords
+at Bath; but it is certain that they were commonly worn twenty or thirty
+years later.
+
+Sir Lucius O'Trigger talks of Bath in 1774, near twenty years after
+Nash's reign, and, even at that time, only says that swords were "not
+worn _there_"--implying that they were worn elsewhere; and we know that
+Sheridan's own duel at Bath was a rencontre, he and his adversary,
+Mathews, both wearing swords. I remember my father's swords hung up in
+his dressing-room, and his telling me that he had worn a sword, even in
+the streets, so late as about 1779 or 1780. In a set of characteristic
+sketches of eminent persons about the year 1782, several wear swords;
+and one or two members of the House of Commons, evidently represented in
+the attitude of speaking, have swords. I have seen a picture of the Mall
+in {219} St. James's Park, of about that date, in which all the men have
+swords.
+
+I suspect they began to go out of common use about 1770 and were nearly
+left off in ordinary life in 1780; but were still occasionally worn,
+both in public and private, till the French Revolution, when they
+totally went out, except in court dress.
+
+If any of your correspondents who has access to the Museum would look
+through the prints representing out-of-doors life, from Hogarth to
+Gilray, he would probably be able to furnish you with some precise and
+amusing details on this not unimportant point in the history of manners.
+
+C.
+
+
+_Quarles' Pension_ (Vol. ii., p. 171.).--There should have been added to
+the reference there given, viz. "Vol. i., p. 201." (at which place there
+is no question as to Quarles' _pension_), another to Vol. i., p. 245.,
+where that question is raised. I think this worth noting, as "Quarles"
+does not appear in the Index, and the imperfect reference might lead
+inquirers astray. It seems very curious that the inquiry as to the
+precise meaning of Pope's couplet has as yet received no explanation.
+
+C.
+
+
+_Franz von Sickingen_ (Vol. i., p. 131.).--I regret that I cannot
+resolve the doubt of H.J.H. respecting Albert Durer's allegorical print
+of _The Knight, Death, and the Devil_, of which I have only what I
+presume is a copy or retouched plate, bearing the date 1564 on the
+tablet in the lower left-hand corner, where I suppose the mark of Albert
+Durer is placed in the original.
+
+I should, however, much doubt its being intended as a portrait of
+Sickingen, and I can trace no resemblance to the medal given by Luckius.
+I believe the conjecture originated with Bartsch, in his _Peintre
+Graveur_, vol. vii. p. 107. Schoeber, in his _Life of Durer_, p. 87.,
+supposes that it is an allegory of the nature of a soldier's life.
+
+It was this print that inspired La Motte Fouque with the idea of his
+_Sintram_ as he thus informs us in the postscript to that singularly
+romantic tale:
+
+    "Some years since there lay among my birth-day presents a
+    beautiful engraving of Albert Durer. A harnessed knight, with an
+    oldish countenance, is riding upon his high steed, attended by
+    his dog, through a fearful valley, where fragments of rock and
+    roots of trees distort themselves into loathsome forms; and
+    poisonous weeds rankle along the ground. Evil vermin are
+    creeping along through them. Beside him Death is riding on a
+    wasted pony; from behind the form of a devil stretches over its
+    clawed arm toward him. Both horse and dog look strangely, as it
+    were infected by the hideous objects that surround them; but the
+    knight rides quietly along his way, and bears upon the tip of
+    his lance a lizard that he has already speared. A castle, with
+    its rich friendly battlements, looks over from afar, whereat the
+    desolateness of the valley penetrates yet deeper into the soul.
+    The friend who gave me this print added a letter, with a request
+    that I would explain the mysterious forms by a ballad.... I bear
+    the image with me in peace and in war, until it has now spun
+    itself out into a little romance."
+
+S.W. Singer.
+
+Mickleham Aug. 13. 1850.
+
+
+"_Noli me tangere_" (Vol. ii., p. 153.).--B.R. is informed, that one of
+the finest paintings on this subject is the altar-piece in All Souls
+College Chapel, Oxford. It is the production of Raphael Mengs, and was
+purchased for the price of three hundred guineas of Sir James Thornhill,
+who painted the figure of the founder over the altar, the ceiling, and
+the figures between the windows. There may be other paintings by earlier
+masters on so interesting subject, but none can surpass this of Raphael
+Mengs in the truthfulness of what he has here delineated. The exact size
+of the picture I do not recollect, but it cannot be less than ten feet
+high.
+
+There is a beautiful engraving of it by Sherwin.
+
+J.M.G.
+
+Worcester.
+
+
+_Dr. Bowring's Translations_ (Vol. ii. p. 152.).--Besides the
+anthologies mentioned by Jarltzberg, Dr. Bowring has published _Poets of
+the Magyars_, 8vo. London, 1830; _Specimens of Polish Poets_, 1827;
+_Servian popular Poetry_, 1827; and a _Cheskian Anthology_, 1832.
+
+H.H.W.
+
+
+"_Speak the Tongue that Shakspeare spoke_" (Vol. ii., p. 135.).--The
+lines about which X. asks, are
+
+  "We must be free or die, who speak the tongue
+  That Shakspeare spake; the faith and morals hold
+  Which Milton held," &c.
+
+They are in one of Wordsworth's glorious "Sonnets to Liberty" (the
+sixteenth), and belong to _us_, and not to the New-Englanders.
+
+G.N.
+
+
+_Countess of Desmond_ (Vol. ii., pp. 153. 186.).--In reply to K., I have
+an impression that Horace Walpole has a kind of dissertation on the _Old
+Countess of Desmond_, to whom his attention was directed by her being
+said to have danced with Richard III. Having no books at hand, I cannot
+speak positively; but if K. turns to Walpole's _Works_, he will see
+whether my memory is correct. I myself once looked, many years ago, into
+the subject, and satisfied myself that the great age attributed to _any_
+Countess of Desmond must be a fable; and that the portrait of her (I
+think, at Windsor) was so gross an imposition as to be really that of an
+old man. I made a "Note"--indeed many--of the circumstances which led me
+to this conclusion; but they are at this moment inaccessible to me. I
+venture however, now that the question is revived, to offer these vague
+suggestions. By and by, if the subject be not exhausted, I shall
+endeavour to find my "Notes," and communicate them to you. I wonder the
+{220} absurdity of the kind of death imputed to the imaginary lady did
+not reflect back a corresponding incredulity as to the length of her
+life.
+
+C.
+
+
+_Yorkshire Dales_ (Vol. ii., p. 154.).--No guide or description has been
+published that would serve as a handbook to the dales in the West Riding
+of Yorkshire between Lancashire and Westmoreland. Should A PEDESTRIAN
+wish to explore the beauties of Teesdale he will find a useful handbook
+in a little work, published anonymously in 1813, called _A Tour in
+Teesdale, including Rokeby and its Environs_. The author was Richard
+Garland, of Hull, who died several years ago.
+
+[Greek: Delta].
+
+
+_The Yorkshire Dales_ (Vol. ii., p. 154.).--In answer to a recent
+inquiry, I beg to state that a guide to the above dales is in
+preparation. It will be edited by your humble servant, illustrated by a
+well-known gentleman, and published by Mr. Effingham Wilson.
+
+J.H. DIXON.
+
+Tollington Villa, Hornsey.
+
+    [We are glad to hear that such a Guide is preparing by Mr.
+    Dixon, whose knowledge of the locality peculiarly fits him for
+    the work he has undertaken.]
+
+
+_Sir Thomas Herbert's Memoirs_ (Vol. ii., p. 140.).--The information MR.
+GATTY wishes for, he will find in Dr. Bliss's edition of the _Athenae_,
+vol. iv. p. 18. He will perform an acceptable service to historical
+inquirers, if he will collate the printed memoir with the MS. in the
+possession of his friend, and give to the world such passages, if any,
+as have not been hitherto published.
+
+[Greek: Delta].
+
+
+_Alarum_ (Vol. ii., pp. 151. 183.).--There can be no doubt that the word
+_alarm_ (originally French) comes from the warning war-cry _a l'arme_.
+So all the French philologists agree; and the modern variance of _aux
+armes_ does not invalidate so plain an etymology. When CH. admits that
+there can be no doubt that _alarm_ and _alarum_ are identical, it seems
+to one that _cadit questio_,--that all his doubts and queries are
+answered. I will add, however, that it appears that in the words'
+original sense of an _awakening cry_, Shakspeare generally, if not
+always, spelled it _alarum_. Thus--
+
+  "Ring the _alarum_ bell!"--_Macbeth_.
+
+                     "--Murder
+  "_Alarum'd_ by his sentinel the wolf."
+  _Macbeth_.
+
+  "When she speaks, is it not an _alarum_ to love?"
+  _Othello_.
+
+  "But when he saw my _best-alarum'd_ spirits roused
+  to the encounter."--_Lear_.
+
+In all these cases _alarum_ means incitement, not _alarm_ in the
+secondary or metaphorical sense of the word, which has now become the
+ordinary one. In truth, the meanings, though of identical origin, have
+become almost contradictions: for instance, in the passage from
+_Othello_, an "alarum to love"--incitement to love--is nearly the
+reverse of what an "alarm to love" would be taken to mean.
+
+C.
+
+
+_Practice of Scalping among the Scythians, &c_. (Vol. ii., p.
+141.).--Your correspondent T.J. will find in Livy, x. 26., that the
+practice of scalping existed among the Kelts.
+
+    "Nec ante ad consules ... famam ejus cladis perlatam, quam in
+    conspectu fuere Gallorum equites pectoribus equorurn suspensa
+    gestantes capita, et lanceis infixa ovantesque moris sui
+    carmine."
+
+W.B.D.
+
+
+_Gospel Tree_ (Vol. ii., p. 56.).--In reply to W.H.B., I may mention
+that there is a "Gospel Tree" near Leamington. I do not know of one so
+called in Gloucestershire.
+
+GRIFFIN.
+
+
+_Martinet_ (Vol. ii., p. 118.).--There is no doubt the term _martinet_
+is derived from the general officer _M. de Martinet_ indicated by MR. C.
+FORBES, and who was, as Voltaire states, celebrated for having restored
+and improved the discipline and tactics of the French army; whence very
+strict officers came to be called _martinets_: but is it also from this
+restorer of discipline that the name of what we call _cat-o'-nine-tails_
+is in French _martinet_? This is rather an interesting Query,
+considering how severely our neighbours censure our use of that
+auxiliary to discipline.
+
+C.
+
+
+_"Yote" or "Yeot"_ (Vol. ii., p. 89.).--You may inform B. that _Yote_ or
+_Yeot_ is only provincial pronunciation of _Yate_ or _Gate_, a way or
+road. The channel made to conduct melted metal into the receptacle
+intended for it, is called a gate.
+
+GRIFFIN.
+
+
+_Map of London_ (Vol. ii., p. 56.).--The map of London, temp. Edw. VI.,
+in the Sutherland collection, has been recently engraved. It is of
+singular curiosity. I do not know the name of the publisher.
+
+R.
+
+
+_Wood-carving, Snow Hill_ (Vol. ii., p. 134.).--The carving alluded to
+by A.C. is, I believe, of artificial stone, and represents AEsop attended
+by a child, to whom he appears to be narrating his fables. It is or
+rather _was_, a work of some merit, and is, as A.C. observes, "worth
+preserving;" but, alas! of this there is but little chance. The house in
+question (No. 41. Skinner Street), and also the one adjoining, have been
+tenantless for many years; they belong to two old ladies, who also own
+the two deserted houses at the corner of Stamford Street, Blackfriars
+Road. It is scarcely necessary to speak of the now somewhat picturesque
+condition of the houses alluded to in either locality, for the pitiably
+dilapidated condition of them all must have been matter of remark for
+many years past to any one at all acquainted with London. {221} The
+house, 41. Skinner Street, is also worthy of remark from another
+circumstance. It was formerly occupied by William Godwin, the well-known
+author of _Caleb Williams, Political Justice_, &c. It was here he opened
+a bookseller's shop, and published his numerous juvenile works, under
+the assumed name of Edward Baldwin.
+
+E.B. PRICE.
+
+
+_Waltheof_ (Vol. ii, p. 167.).--I believe that Waltheof (or Wallef, as
+he is always styled in Doomsday Book) never appeared at the court of
+William the Conqueror in the character of an envoy; but in 1067, little
+better than six months after the first landing of the Normans, we find
+him, in conjunction with Edgar Atheling and others, accompanying the
+Conqueror in his triumphal return to Normandy, as a hostage and
+guarantee for the quiescence of his countrymen. At this period, it is
+probable he might have first become acquainted with Judith; but this
+must rest on conjecture. At all events, we have the authority of William
+of Malmsbury for saying that Waltheof's marriage did not take place
+until the year 1070, soon after his reconciliation with the king on the
+banks of the Tees. Your correspondent errs in ascribing 1070 as the date
+of Waltheof's execution; the _Saxon Chronicle_ distinctly states May
+31st, 1076, as the date of his death; while the chronicle of Mailros,
+and Florence of Worcester, assign it to the preceding year: in which
+they are followed by Augustin Thierry. T.E.L.L. has also fallen into an
+error as to the cause of Waltheof's execution, which he states arose
+from his participation in a conspiracy at York. Now the crime for which
+he was accused, and condemned (on the evidence of his wife), was his
+inviting over the Danes to the invasion of England. This was the primary
+cause; although his being present at the celebrated marriage-feast at
+Norwich was doubtless a secondary one. According to Thierry, he left two
+children by Judith.
+
+DAVID STEVENS.
+
+Godalming.
+
+
+_The Dodo_ (Vol. i., pp. 261. 410.).--I have the pleasure to supply Mr.
+Strickland with the elucidation he desires in his Query 7., by referring
+to Hyde, _Historia Religionis Vet. Persarum_, p. 312.
+
+    "Et ut de Patre (Zoroastris) conveniunt, sic inter omnes
+    convenit Matris ejus nomen fuisse Doghdu, quod (liquescente _gh_
+    ut in vocibus Anglicis, _high_, _mighty_, &c.) apud eos
+    plerumque sonat Dodu; nam sonus Gain in medio vocum fere
+    evanescere solet. Hocque nomen innuit quasi foecundidate ea
+    similis esset ejusdem nominis Gallinae Indicae, cujus Icon apud
+    Herbertum in Itinerario extat sub nomine Dodo, cujus etiam
+    exuviae farctae in Auditorio Anatomico Oxoniensi servantur.
+    Reliqua ex Icone dignoscantur. Plurima parit ova, unde et
+    commodum foecunditatis emblema."
+
+T.J.
+
+
+"_Under the Rose_" (Vol. i., p. 214.).--I find the three following
+derivations for this phrase in my note-book:--
+
+    I. "The expression, 'under the rose,' took its origin," says
+    Jenoway, "from the wars between the Houses of York and
+    Lancaster. The parties respectively swore by the red or the
+    white rose, and these opposite emblems were displayed as the
+    _signs of two taverns_; one of which was by the side of, and the
+    other opposite to, the Parliament House in Old Palace Yard,
+    Westminster. Here the retainers and servants of the noblemen
+    attached to the Duke of York and Henry VI. used to meet. Here
+    also, as disturbances were frequent, measures either of defence
+    or annoyance were taken, and every transaction was said to be
+    done 'under the rose;' by which expression the most profound
+    secrecy was implied."
+
+II. According to others, this term originated in the fable of Cupid
+giving the rose to Harpocrates, the god of silence, as a bribe to
+prevent him betraying the amours of Venus, and was hence adopted as the
+emblem of silence. The rose was for this reason frequently sculptured on
+the ceilings of drinking and feasting, rooms, as a warning to the guests
+that what was said in moments of conviviality should not be repeated;
+from which, what was intended to be kept secret was said to be held
+"under the rose."
+
+III. Roses were consecrated as presents from the Pope. In 1526, they
+were placed over the goals of confessionals as the symbols of secrecy.
+Hence the origin of the phrase "Under the Rose."
+
+JARLTZBERG.
+
+
+_Ergh, Er, or Argh._--Might not these words (queried by T.W., Vol. ii. p
+22.) be corruptions of "_burgh_," aspirated _wurgh_, and the aspirate
+then dropped; or might not _ark, argh_, &c., be corruptions of "_wark_:"
+thus Southwark, commonly pronounced _Southark_? I merely offer this as a
+conjecture.
+
+JARLTZBERG.
+
+
+_Royal Supporters_ (Vol. ii., p. 136.).--E.C. asks when and why the
+unicorn was introduced as one of the royal supporters. It was introduced
+by James VI. of Scotland when he ascended the throne of England, on
+account of the Scottish royal supporters being two unicorns rampant
+argent, crowned with imperial, and gorged with antique, crowns, with
+chains affixed to the latter passing between their forelegs and reflexed
+over their backs, unguled, armed, and crined, all or; the dexter one
+embracing and bearing up a banner of gold charged with the royal arms;
+the sinister, another banner azure, charged with the cross of St.
+Andrew, argent. Queen Elizabeth had used as supporters, dexter, a lion
+rampant gardant, crowned; and sinister, a dragon rampant, both or. She
+also used a lion ramp. gardant crowned, and a greyhound, both or. James
+adopted as supporters, dexter, a lion ramp. gardant, {222} crowned with
+the imperial crown, or; sinister, an unicorn argent, armed, crined,
+unguled, gorged with a coronet composed of crosses patees, and
+fleurs-de-lis, a chain affixed thereto passing between its forelegs, and
+reflexed over the back, all or. These have been used as the royal
+supporters ever since their first adoption, with but one exception, and
+that is in the seal of the Exchequer, time of Charles I., where the
+supporters are an antelope and stag, both ducally collared and chained.
+
+E.K.
+
+
+_The Frog and the Crow of Ennow_.--In answer to M. (Vol. ii., p. 136.),
+I send you the edition of "the frog and the crow" which I have been
+familiar with since childhood. I can give you no history of it, save
+that it is tolerably well known in Lancashire, and that the _point_
+consists in giving a scream over the last "oh!" which invariably, if
+well done, elicits a start even in those who are familiar with the
+rhyme, and know what to expect.
+
+  _The Frog and the Crow_.
+
+  "There was a jolly fat frog lived in the river Swimmo,
+  And there was a comely black crow lived on the
+          river Brimmo;
+  Come on shore, come on shore, said the crow to the
+          frog, and then, oh;
+  No, you'll bite me, no, you'll bite me, said the frog
+          to the crow again, oh.
+
+  "But there is sweet music on yonder green hill, oh,
+  And you shall be a dancer, a dancer in yellow,
+  All in yellow, all in yellow, said the crow to the frog,
+          and then, oh;
+  Sir, I thank you, Sir, I thank you, said the frog to
+          the crow again, oh.
+
+  "Farewell, ye little fishes, that are in the river Swimmo,
+  For I am going to be a dancer, a dancer in yellow;
+  Oh, beware, Oh, beware, said the fish to the frog
+          again, oh;
+  All in yellow, all in yellow, said the frog to the fish,
+          and then, oh.
+
+  "The frog he came a-swimming, a-swimming, to
+          land, oh,
+  And the crow, he came a-hopping to lend him his
+          hand, oh;
+  Sir, I thank you; Sir, I thank you, said the frog to
+          the crow, and then, oh;
+  Sir, you're welcome; Sir, you're welcome, said the
+          crow to the frog again, oh.
+
+  "But where is the music on yonder green hill, oh;
+  And where are the dancers, the dancers in yellow,
+  All in yellow, all in yellow? said the frog to the
+          crow, and then, oh;
+  Sir, they're here; Sir, they're here, said the crow to
+          the frog, and eat him all up, _Oh_," (screamed.)
+
+The moral is obvious, and the diction too recent for the song to have
+any great antiquity. I have never seen it in print.
+
+T.I.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MISCELLANEOUS.
+
+NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.
+
+It would, we think, be extremely difficult to find any subject upon
+which persons, otherwise well informed, were so entirely ignorant, until
+the appearance of Mrs. Jameson's _Sacred and Legendary Art_, as the one
+upon which that lady treated in those ably written and beautifully
+illustrated volumes. It seemed as if the Act of Henry VIII., which
+declared that the name and remembrance of Thomas a Becket should be
+erased from all documents, had had the effect of obliterating from all
+memories not only the often puerile, often offensive stories of the
+legend-mongers, but, with them, all remembrance of those holy men of
+old, whose piety towards God, and love for their fellow men, furnished
+example for all succeeding ages. To readers of all classes Mrs. Jameson
+opened up a new and most interesting subject: to lovers of Art almost a
+new world, from the light which her learning and criticism threw upon
+its master-pieces. What wonder is it, then, that the success of her
+_Sacred and Legendary Art_, confined as the two volumes necessarily were
+to legends of angels and archangels, evangelists and apostles, the
+Fathers, the Magdalene, the patron saints, the virgin patronesses, the
+martyrs, bishops and hermits, and the patron saints of christendom,
+should have led Mrs. Jameson to continue her labours? The first part of
+such continuation is now before us, under the title of _Legends of the
+Monastic Orders_: and most fitting it is that the three great divisions
+of the regular ecclesiastics should be thus commemorated, since of them
+Mrs. Jameson aptly remarks, that while each had a distinct vocation,
+there was one vocation common to all:--"The Benedictine Monks instituted
+schools of learning; the Augustines built noble cathedrals; the
+Mendicant Orders founded hospitals: _all_ became patrons of the Fine
+Arts on such a scale of munificence, that the protection of the most
+renowned princes has been mean and insignificant in comparison." Nor is
+this their only claim; for the earliest artists of the Middle Ages were
+monks of the Benedictine Order. "As architects, as glass painters, as
+mosaic workers, as carvers in wood and metal, they were the precursors
+of all that has since been achieved in Christian Art: and if so few of
+these admirable and gifted men are known to us individually and by name,
+it is because they worked for the honour of God and their community, not
+for profit, nor for reputation." The merits of Mrs. Jameson's first
+series were universally acknowledged. The present volume may claim as
+high a meed of praise. If possible, it exceeds its predecessors in
+literary interest, and in the beauty of the etchings and woodcuts which
+accompany it. As a handbook to the traveller who wanders through the
+treasuries of Art, it will be indispensable; while to those who are
+destined not to leave their homes it will be invaluable, for the light
+it throws upon the social condition of Europe in those ages in which the
+monastic orders had their origin. It is a volume highly suggestive both
+of Notes and Queries, and in such forms we shall take occasion to return
+to it.
+
+Messrs. Puttick and Simpson (191. Piccadilly) will commence, on Monday
+next, a four-days sale of the {223} library of the late Rev. Dr.
+Johnson, Rector of Perranuthnoe, consisting of a good collection of
+theological and miscellaneous books.
+
+We have received the following Catalogues:--John Leslie's (58. Great
+Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn) Catalogue of English and Foreign Theology,
+including several works of very rare occurrence, and forming the largest
+portion of the valuable library of the Rev. W. Maskell, M.A.; C.
+Gancia's (73. King's Road, Brighton,) Second Catalogue of a Choice
+Collection of Foreign Books, MSS., Books printed upon vellum, many of
+them great rarities, and seldom to be met with; J. Miller's (43. Chandos
+Street, Trafalgar Square,) Catalogue No. X. for 1850 of Books Old and
+New.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
+
+WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+
+
+DAVIS, T., SOME INSTRUCTIONS FOR COLLECTING AND PRESERVING PLANTS,
+ANIMALS, 8vo., London, 1798.
+
+THOMPSON'S REPORT ON THE FAUNA OF IRELAND, 8vo. London, 1844.
+
+FORBES ON THE MOLLUSCA AND RADIATA OF THE AEGEAN SEA. 1844.
+
+WHITECHURCH'S HISPANIOLA, (A POEM), 12mo. London, 1805.
+
+RICKMAN'S ODE ON THE BLACKS, 4to. London, 1804.
+
+REEVES' HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LAW.
+
+COSTARD'S HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY, 4to. London, 1767.
+
+MUNCHHAUSEN'S TRAVELS, PLATES BY RIEPENHAUSEN, 1786.
+
+A CATALOGUE OF THE ROYAL AND NOBLE AUTHORS OF ENGLAND, 2 vols.
+Edinburgh, 1792.
+
+
+ODD VOLUMES
+
+
+JOHNSON'S LIVES OF THE POETS, 4 vols. 8vo. London, Longman, 1794. Vol.
+IV.
+
+GIBBON'S DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE, 11 vols. sm. 12mo. Tegg,
+1827. Vol. I.
+
+Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be
+sent to Mr. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.
+
+P.S.W.E. _We did not insert his reply to the Query of MATFELONESIS,
+because we do not regard a newspaper paragraph as an authority. The
+story of Lord Stair being the executioner of Charles I. is related, we
+believe, in Cecil's_ Sixty Curious Narratives, _an interesting
+compilation made by the late W. Hone, who does not, however, give his
+authorities_.
+
+J.W.H., _Downpatrick. His letter has been forwarded as he suggested.
+The_ Life of Walsh _is not in the Museum_.
+
+G.L.B. _A Translation of Count Hamilton's_ Fairy Tales _has lately been
+published by Bohn_.
+
+VOLUME THE FIRST OF NOTES AND QUERIES, _with Title-page and very copious
+Index, is now ready, price 9s. 6d., bound in cloth, and may be had, by
+order, of all Booksellers and Newsmen_.
+
+_The Monthly Part for August, being the third of Vol. II., is also now
+ready, price 1s. 3d._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE and HISTORICAL REVIEW for AUGUST contains,
+among other articles,
+
+Unpublished Anecdotes of Sir Thomas Wyatt.
+Roman Art at Cirencester (with Engravings).
+The Congress of Vienna and Prince de Ligne.
+Letter of H.R.H. the Duke of York in 1787.
+Monuments in Oxford Cathedral (with two Plates).
+Michael Drayton and his "Idea's Mirrour."
+Date of the erection of Chaucer's Tomb.
+Letters of Dr. Maitland and Mr. Stephens on The Ecclesiastical
+  History Society: with Remarks.
+The British Museum Catalogue and Mr. Panizzi.
+Reviews of Correspondence of Charles V., the Life of Southey,
+  &c., &c., Notes of the Month, Literary and Antiquarian Intelligence,
+  Historical Chronicle, and OBITUARY. Price 2s. 6d.
+
+"The Gentleman's Magazine has been revived with a degree of spirit and
+talent which promises the best assurance of its former popularity."--
+_Taunton Courier_.
+
+"A better or more valuable work for country book societies, lending
+libraries, and reading rooms, it is impossible to find within the whole
+compass of English literature. Its literary articles are peculiarly
+sound in principle, and its criticisms liberal but just; whilst its
+Obituary confers upon it a national importance. We are sure then we
+cannot do a better service to our friends, and more especially to those
+connected with institutions like those we have adverted to, than in
+recommending this work to their support."--_Nottingham Review_.
+
+NICHOLS and SON, 25. Parliament Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+NEW WORK ON MODERN GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY, BY ARNOLD AND PAUL.
+
+In 12mo., price 5s. 6d.
+
+HANDBOOK of MODERN GEOGRAPHY and HISTORY. Translated from the German of
+Puetz, by the Rev. R.B. PAUL, M.A., and edited by the Rev. T.K. ARNOLD,
+M.A.
+
+This Volume completes the series of Professor Puetz's Handbooks.
+
+RIVINGTONS, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place; Of whom may be
+had, (lately published), by the same Editors,
+
+1. HANDBOOK of ANCIENT GEOGRAPHY and HISTORY. 6s. 6d.
+
+2. HANDBOOK of MEDIAEVAL GEOGRAPHY and HISTORY. 4s. 6d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Just published, the Second Edition, with Additions, price 5s. 6d. cloth,
+
+ORNAMENTAL AND DOMESTIC
+POULTRY: THEIR HISTORY AND MANAGEMENT.
+By the Rev. EDMUND SAUL DIXON, M.A., Rector of
+Intwood with Keswick.
+
+THE BIRDS TREATED OF ARE:--
+
+Domestic Fowl in general
+The Guinea Fowl
+The Spanish Fowl
+The Speckled Dorkings
+The Cochin-China Fowl
+The Malay Fowl
+The Pheasant Malay Fowl
+The Game Fowl
+The Mute Swan
+The Canada Goose
+The Egyptian or Cape Goose
+The Musk Duck
+The Grey China Goose
+The White Fronted or Laughing Goose
+The Wigeon
+The Teal, and its congeners
+The White China Goose
+The Tame Duck
+The Domestic Goose
+The Bernicle Goose
+The Brent Goose
+The Turkey
+The Pea Fowl
+The Golden and Silver Hamburgh Fowls
+The Cuckoo Fowl
+The Blue Dun Fowl
+The Large-crested Fowl
+The Poland Fowl
+Bantam Fowls
+The Rumpless Fowl
+The Silky and Negro Fowls
+The Frizzled or Friesland Fowls.
+
+"It will be found a useful and intelligent guide to the poultry-keeper;
+while the lively and often amusing manner in which it is written, gives
+it a claim upon the attention of the general reader."--_Midland Counties
+Herald_.
+
+"This book is the best and most modern authority that can be consulted
+on the general management of poultry."--_Stirling Observer_.
+
+Published by JAMES MATTHEWS, at the Office of the GARDENERS' CHRONICLE
+AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, 5. Upper Wellington Street, Covent Garden; and
+may be ordered of any Bookseller.
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {224}
+
+JOHN MILLER'S
+CATALOGUE OF BOOKS, OLD AND NEW,
+PUBLISHED THIS DAY,
+AT 43. CHANDOS STREET, TRAFALGAR SQUARE,
+
+Contains, amongst a Great Variety of Miscellaneous Literature, Books on
+America, Art, and Banking, Curious Memoirs, Facetiae, Wit and Humour,
+Useful Works on Geology, Mineralogy, and other popular Sciences, Books
+on Shakspeare and the Drama, Illustrated Publications, Biography,
+History, etc., with Selections in French, Italian, Spanish, and
+Cotinental Literature; also the following at the Low Prices affixed:--
+
+ASTLE and GROSE'S Antiquarian Repertory, being a Miscellaneous
+Assemblage of Topography, History, Biography, Customs and Manners,
+intended to illustrate and preserve several Valuable Remains of Old
+Times, 4 vols. royal 4to. half bound, calf, gilt, top edges gilt, nearly
+250 engravings of a highly interesting character, 2l. 15s. 1807
+
+CALMET, Dictionnaire Historique, Critique, Chronologique, Geographique,
+et Litteral de la Bible, 4 vols. folio, calf, very neat, illustrated
+with nearly 200 engravings and vignettes 2l. 2s. 1722-28
+
+CLARKE'S (Dr. E D.) Travels in Various Countries of Europe, Asia, and
+Africa, particularly Russia, Tartary, Turkey, Greece, Egypt, the Holy
+Land, and Scandinavia, 11 vols. 8vo., maps and plates, extra cloth,
+boards, (pub. 10l.) only 2l. 2s. 1827-34
+
+COOKE'S Views On the Thames, consisting of 75 picked impressions
+illustrated with about 150 additional views and drawngs, consisting of
+proofs all India paper, proofs before letters, a few coloured engravings
+and a small number of lithographs, all are the choicest and finest
+edition, by Turner, De Wint, Havell, Owens, Days, Westall, &c.,
+carefully mounted in a folio size, and prepared for binding, 3l. 15s.
+
+COWPER'S Translation of the Iliad and Odyssey of Homer into English
+Blank Verse, 4 vols. 8vo., half bound in morocco, uncut, top edges gilt,
+illustrated with a choice set of engravings by Fuseli, Stothard, Burley,
+and others, proofs before letters, 1l. 8s. 1809
+
+DIBDIN'S (T.F.) Edition of a most Pleasant, Fruitful, and Witty Work of
+the best State of a Public Weal, and of the New Isle called UTOPIA.
+written in Latin, by the Rt. Worthy and Famous SIR THOMAS MORE, Knight,
+and translated into English by RALPHE ROBINSON, A.D. 1551, a new
+edition, with copious Notes, and Biographical and Literary Introduction,
+4to. large paper, port. and cuts, scarce, 1l. 5s. 1808
+
+DODWELL'S (Col.) Classical and Topographical Tour through Greece in the
+Years 1801, 1805. and 1806, 2 vols. 4to. calf, gilt, map, and nearly 100
+fine engravings, 1l. 5s. 1819
+
+ENCYCLOPAEDIA METROPOLITANA or Universal Dictionary of Knowledge,
+projected by S.T. Coleridge, assisted by the most eminent writers of the
+day, and now complete in 26 vols. large 4to. illustrated with 600
+beautiful plates, clean and uncut, only 13l. 13s. 1845
+
+FABLIAUX ou Contes, Fables et Romans du 11eme et du 12eme Siecle,
+traduits ou extraits par Legrand d'Aussy, 5 vols. royal 8vo. half bound
+Morocco, edges uncut, numerous fine plates, interspersed with a few MS.
+notes by an eminent living author, 2l. 2s. Paris, 1829
+
+FOXE (John)--The Acts and Monuments of, a New and Complete Edition, with
+a Preliminary Dissertation by the Rev. G. Townsend, edited by the Rev.
+S.R. Catley, M.A., 8 thick vols. royal 8vo., with port. and engraved
+title-page, 2l. 2s. 1841
+
+HALL'S (Mr. and Mrs. S.C.) Ireland, its Scenery, Character, and History,
+3 vols. complete in parts, (an Early Subscriber's Copy,) illustrated
+with nearly 600 plates, choice impressions of the engravings and
+woodcuts 2l. 2s. 1843
+
+HORTICULTURAL (The) Transactions of London, from its commencement in
+1820 to 1835, with the Reports bound in a vol., forming 9 vols. royal
+4to. half bound, Morocco, top edges gilt, illustrated with numerous
+coloured plates, 3l. 13s. 6d. 1820-35
+
+HUME and SMOLLET'S History of England a New Edition, with Lives and
+Portraits of the Authors, 10 vols. 8vo. elegantly bound in sprinkled
+calf, marbled edges, richly gilt back, double lettered, 3l. 13s. 6d.
+Trade. 1841
+
+HARDING'S Shakspeare Illustrated, consisting of portraits of all the
+Eminent Characters, and Royal and Noble Personages mentioned, with Views
+of Castles, Towns, and Sundry other Antiquarian Subjects, 2 vols. in 1,
+royal 4to. half bound. morocco, extra, uncut, top edges gilt, 160 fine
+plates, with description, 1l. 5s. 1811
+
+KENILWORTH Illustrated, or the History of the Castle, Priory, and Church
+of Kenilworth, with a description of their Present State, royal 8vo.,
+half bound, crimson Morocco, uncut, top edges gilt, illustrated with
+twenty fine plates. proofs on India paper, and two beautiful drawings
+inserted, 2l. 2s. 1821
+
+LOCKE (John), The Entire Works of, handsome Library Edition, 10 vols.
+8vo., brown calf, gilt, contents lettered on each volume, good copy, 2l.
+12s. 6d. 1801
+
+NORTH BRITISH REVIEW, a Quarterly Journal, from its Conmencement in
+1844. to the end of 1849, 11 vols. 8vo., half calf, neat, adl uniform,
+2l. 12s. 6d. (published at 6l. 12s. in numbers). 1844-49
+
+PLINII Naturalis Historia ex editione Gab Brotier cum Notis et
+Interpretatione in usum Delphini. Varis Lectionibus Notis Variorum, 12
+vols. 8vo. 1l. 1s. Valpy, 1826
+
+ROBERTSON'S (Wm., D.D.)--The entire Collection of his Works, with an
+Account of his Life and Writings, by Stewart, 8vo. 12 vols. in 6,
+elegantly half bound, calf, gilt, post, 1l. 11s. 6d. 1820
+
+SALTS' Views of St. Helena, the Cape of Good Hope, India Ceylon,
+Abyssinia, and Egypt, Large atlas folio, with descriptive letterpress,
+handsomely half bound, morocco, twenty-four beautifully coloured plates,
+closely imitating water colour drawings. 2l. 18s. (pub. 15l. 15s.) 1809
+
+SCOTT'S (Sir Walter) Novels and Romances, with all his Introductions and
+Notes, 5 vols. imp. 8vo., half bound, morocco, extra, illustrated with
+nearly 200 engravings on steel by eminent artists, and a series of
+plates by George Cruikshank, 2l. 12s. 6d. 1846
+
+--Novels, Tales, and Historical Romances, from Waverley to Kenilworth,
+inclusive, 18 vols. 8vo., elegantly bound in grained calf, extra, marble
+edges, a very choice copy, 2l. 12s. 6d. 1819
+
+SHAKSPEARE'S (Mr. William) Comedies, Histories, and Tragedies, published
+according to the true originall Copies, folio, half bd. vellum, an uncut
+copy, portrait, 2l. 2s. Reprint, 1623.
+
+SHAKSPEARE, the Works of, Revised from the Best Authorities with a
+Memoir and Essay on his Genius by Barry Cornwall, and Annotations on his
+Writings by many Distinguished Writers, 3 vols. imp. 8vo., half bound
+mor., marble edges, illustrated with numerous Engravings on Wood by
+Kenny Meadows. (An Early Subscriber's Copy) 2l. 12s. 6d. 1843
+
+--The Plays of William Shakspeare, with the Corrections and
+Illustrations of Various Commentators, to which are added Notes by Dr.
+Johnson and George Stevens, 10 large vols. 8vo. half bd. mor., uncut,
+top edges gilt, fine port., 1l. 11s. 6d. 1785
+
+SOUTHEY'S (Robt., L.L.D.) History of the Peninsular War, 3 vols. 4to.,
+half calf, neat, 1l. 4s. 1832, &c.
+
+VOLTAIRE (M. de), Complete Collection des Oeuvres de, 32 vols. 12mo., in
+neat French calf binding, plates, 2l. 2s. Geneve, 1771
+
+AN ABRIDGEMENT of the Philosophical Transactions ol the Royal Societv of
+London, from its Commencement in 1665 to the year 1800. Abridged with
+Notes and Biographic Illustrations by Hutton, Shaw, and Pearson, 18
+vols. 4to., numerous plates, 1l.15s. 1809
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+JOHN MILLER, 43. CHANDOS STREET, TRAFALGAR SQUARE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New
+Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London and
+published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St.
+Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet
+Street aforesaid.--Saturday, August 31. 1850.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 44, Saturday,
+August 31, 1850, by Various
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