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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 12899 ***
+
+THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.
+
+VOL. XIII, No. 366.] SATURDAY, APRIL 18, 1829. [PRICE 2d.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+HARROW SCHOOL.
+
+[Illustration: HARROW SCHOOL.]
+
+  To lofty HARROW now.--THOMSON.
+
+
+Harrow-on-the-hill was a place of some consideration, even before the
+foundation of the scholastic establishment which now forms its principal
+boast. The Archbishops of Canterbury had an occasional residence here, in
+the centuries briefly succeeding the Norman Conquest; and they obtained
+for the inhabitants a weekly market, long since fallen into disuse.
+
+The _Free Grammar School_ of Harrow, which now ranks amongst the eight
+great schools of England,[1] like most foundations of a similar nature,
+proceeded from a small beginning. In the 14th year of Elizabeth, John
+Lyon, a wealthy yeoman, of Preston, in this parish, procured letters
+patent, and special license from the crown, for the foundation of the
+school, to which for many years, he only contributed the sum of 30 marks
+annually; but in the year 1590, he developed his full intentions,
+provided for their observance, and drew up a code of regulations for the
+foundation. Among these provisions the following are curiously
+characteristic of the times:--The founder expresses his intention to
+build "meete and convenient Roomes for the said Schoole Mr and Usher to
+inhabite and dwell in; as also a large and convenient Schoole House, with
+a chimney in it. And, alsoe, a cellar under the said Roomes and Schoole
+House, to lay in wood and coales;" the master's salary he fixes at £26.
+13s. 4d. per annum, besides £3. 6s. 8d. on the 1st of May,
+towards his provision of fuel; the usher's at £13. 6s. 8d. with £3.
+6s. 8d. for fuel. The founder declares his desire that the School
+shall consist of a "meete and convenient number of schollers, as well of
+poor, to be taught freely," (which privilege he confines to the children
+of the inhabitants of Harrow;) "as of others, to be received for ye
+further profitt and commoditie of the schoole-master." The regulations
+provide for the government of the school with curious minuteness, and
+describe the number of forms; the books and exercises allotted to
+each; the mode of correction; the hours of attendance; and the vacations
+and play days. They extend even to the amusements of the scholars, which
+are confined to "driving a top, tossing a hand-ball, running and
+shooting." For the purpose of this latter exercise, all parents are
+required to furnish their children with "bowstrings shafts, and
+bresters." In consequence of this regulation it was usual to hold an
+annual exhibition of Archery, on August 4, when the scholars contended
+for a silver arrow.[2] Within the last fifty years this custom has been
+abolished and in its room has been substituted the delivery of annual
+orations before the assembled Governors.
+
+    [1] The eight principal public schools of the kingdom are
+        considered to be those of Winchester; Westminster; Eton; Harrow;
+        the Charter House; Merchant Tailor's; St. Paul's; and Rugby.
+
+    [2] We have often seen an etching of this exhibition.
+
+Such was the establishment of this celebrated seminary; and in the humble
+character of a parochial Free School it long remained, unknown except in
+its own immediate neighbourhood. The buildings appertaining to the School
+are not of an ornamental character. The original School-house represented
+in our engraving, has undergone no external alteration except the
+necessary repairs. It is a building of red brick having on the top a
+lion, the rebus of the founder's name. In the original arrangement of the
+interior, the lower portions only were used as school-rooms; the middle
+floor formed the residence of the master and usher, then the only
+teachers; whilst the upper story consisted of writing schools. The whole
+of the building is now appropriated to the exercises of the school, the
+pupils studying their lessons at the houses of their tutors, and
+assembling here for the purpose of examination.
+
+Harrow is consecrated ground; and we could easily select a long list of
+illustrious men educated within its walls. The first classical mention of
+Harrow as a school, is by William Baxter the learned author of the
+Glossary, and editor of several of the classics, who was educated here.
+Dr. Bennet, Bishop of Cloyne; Sir William Jones; Dr. Parr, who was born
+at Harrow; Rt. Hon. R.B. Sheridan; Mr. Perceval, and Lord Byron--shine
+forth in this list. Earl Spencer; the Marquess of Hastings; the Earl of
+Aberdeen; and Mr. Peel were likewise educated here.
+
+The greatest number of scholars who have been at any one time at Harrow,
+was in the year 1804, when the number of students amounted to 353. The
+present master is the Rev. Dr. Butler.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+DR. JOHNSON'S RESIDENCE, IN BOLT COURT.
+
+_(For the Mirror)_
+
+
+It perhaps is not generally known, that the residence of the great
+"leviathan of literature," situate in Bolt-court, Fleet-street, was
+consumed by the fire which destroyed Messrs. Bensley's premises a few
+years ago; and that there are now no ostensible traces of the doctor's
+city retreat, save the site. The only vestige of the house is a piece of
+grotesquely carved wood, which ornamented the centre of the doorway, and
+which is now in possession of a gentleman in the neighbourhood. Part of
+the new printing-office, belonging to Messrs. Mills and Co., occupies a
+portion of the site, and the remainder forms a receptacle for coals. As
+if learning loved to linger amidst the forsaken haunts of departed
+genius, the place is still the scene of those efforts in propagating
+knowledge, without which it would be a sealed book. When looking upon the
+scene which has been consecrated by the presence and labours, the joys
+and sorrows, of such a man, how interesting are our reflections, marred
+as they may be by mournful impressions of "the mutability of human
+affairs." We feel a romantic regret that the genius of Johnson could not
+bestow an imperishability upon the spot; and preserve it from the
+casualties and decay of fire, and storm, and time. Here the unfortunate
+Savage has held his intellectual "_noctes_" and enlivened the old
+moralist with his mad philosophy. It was from this mansion that "the
+Bastard" roused the doctor on the memorable night (or morn) when they set
+out on one of those frolicsome perambulations, which genius, in its
+weakness and misgivings, sometimes indulges, and which was worthy of the
+days of modern Corinthianism. We can imagine the sleepy, solemn face of
+Johnson, the meagre phiz of Savage, and the more rotund features of
+Boswell, around the board, and the doctor's beloved tea-kettle singing
+its harmonious and solacing solo on the blazing "ingle." Inspecting more
+minutely the features of the visionary picture, we might behold the
+oracle of learning when about to deliver his opinion, perhaps, on the
+artificial fire of Gray, or the feeling and simplicity of Goldsmith: his
+opening eyes and unclosing lips; the "harsh thunder" of his
+articulation, and the horrisonous stamp of his ample foot, impress us
+with the same reverence which was felt by his literary visitants. It was
+here, doubtless, where the Herculean task of compiling his dictionary was
+achieved; the monotony of which was relieved by writing the periodical
+papers of his Guardian, and the more flowery composition of poetry and
+biography. But he is gone, and though the mist of years may obscure his
+personal history, and vicissitudes annihilate his household memorials,
+yet his morality and piety, his unparalleled labour and patient
+endurance, but chief of all, his brilliant and versatile genius, will
+perish but with the annals of humanity. His fame
+
+  "From sire to son shall speed; from clime to clime,
+  Outstripping death upon the wings of time!"
+
+** H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+COMMON RIGHTS.
+
+_(To the Editor of the Mirror.)_
+
+
+As the columns of your MIRROR are a treasury of instruction, perhaps it
+may not be thought amiss, or unworthy its pages, to record the advances
+of science in the land we live in. I have long since heard of our
+American brethren possessing the wonderful art of "launching" as the term
+is, their habitations; but I was not aware that my friends on this side
+the water had arrived at such a height on the hill of invention, until a
+few weeks back, when travelling in the western part of Dorsetshire,
+through the small village of _Pulham_, in that county; a neat,
+comfortable-looking cottage was pointed out for my observation, and which
+I was assured by many creditable persons, who had witnessed the
+performance, was, in the year 1826, chimneys, windows, and altogether,
+removed, without sustaining any injury, the distance of nearly two miles.
+The power employed was that of ten horses. The spot where it was intended
+originally to stand, was pointed out to me, being a piece of waste land
+called _Lydlinch Common_. I inquired what motive could have induced the
+proprietor to coach it off in such a novel manner, and the following
+account I received "under the rose."
+
+The brother of the person whose ingenuity has thus exerted itself,
+possessed a small property bordering on the aforesaid common. But to
+understand my story, you must know that the peasantry of the west of
+England, imbibe a notion, whether erroneous or not, I am not learned
+enough to say, that if a person builds on waste lands, and is permitted
+to proceed uninterrupted by the Lord of the Manor, or any other person,
+until he has roofed and occupied it, or as they express it "made a smoke
+in it" that the builder has an indisputable right to it. Now the man
+willing to act on this principle, set his wits to work and constructed a
+house on his brother's property beforementioned, on a movable foundation,
+such as I am unable to describe; and when completed, he, in the course of
+one night launched it over the hedge fairly into the common, and the next
+morning found him busily employed in making the smoke that was, according
+to village laws, to establish him in his newly acquired habitation; and
+no doubt he would have continued quietly in the same place to this day,
+had not a neighbouring 'squire took it into his head to teach this
+commentator on the law, another version of its intricacies, and finally
+caused him to set his house a-going once more, which it did in the manner
+aforesaid, to a bit of land to which he had a more legal right, and where
+it now stands.
+
+Wonderful as this relation may seem, its truth may be relied on, and any
+reader of the MIRROR, travelling, or having friends in that part of the
+country, may easily ascertain the truth of my statement. The house at
+present stands near the highway leading from Sturminster to Sherborne,
+about five or six miles from the former, and six or seven from the
+latter.
+
+RURIS.
+
+_Blandford, April 9, 1829._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ORIGIN OF SIGNS.--CAT AND THE FIDDLE.
+
+_(To the Editor of the Mirror.)_
+
+
+No part of the history of civilized nations is involved in such deep
+obscurity as the origin and progress of their names. I do not mean their
+names of men and women, the etymology of which are easy; for any stupid
+fellow can see with half an eye that Xisuthrus and Noah are one and the
+same person; and that Thoth can only be Hermes; nor is there any
+discernable difference between Pelagius and Morgan; _tout celà va sans se
+dire_, but when we come to account for the names of places or of signs,
+then indeed are we lost in a vast field of metaphysical disquisition and
+conjectural criticism. The _Spectator_, your worthy predecessor, threw
+much light upon the science, but still he left it in its infancy. To be
+sure, he traced the Bull and Mouth to the Boulogne Mouth, but I don't
+remember that he made many other discoveries in this _terrâ incognitâ_.
+However, he hinted that the roots of most of these old saws were to be
+found in the French language, or rather in the jargon spoken by the
+would-be-fine people, in imitation of the court, and by them called
+French. Neither the _Spectator_, however, nor any of his periodical
+imitators have ever found out why a certain headland, bare as the
+back of my hand, should be dignified with the appellation of Beechey
+Head; unless indeed, according to the Eton grammar, our ancestors used
+the rule of _lucus a non lucendo_. The reason, however, is to be found in
+the French language, and Beechey Head is the present guide of the old
+_beau chef_, whereby this point was once known. The _Spectator_ also, if
+I remember right, declared the old sign of the _Cat and the Fiddle_ to be
+quite beyond his comprehension. In truth, no two objects in the world
+have less to do with each other than a cat and a violin, and the only
+explanation ever given of this wonderful union, appears to be, that once
+upon a time, a gentleman kept a house with the sign of a Cat, and a lady
+one, with the sign of a Fiddle, or _vice versâ_. That these two persons
+fell in love, married, and set up an Inn, which to commemorate their
+early loves, they called the Cat and the Fiddle. Such reasoning is
+exceedingly poetical, and also (mind, _also_, not _therefore_)
+exceedingly nonsensical. No, Sir, the Cat and the Fiddle is of greater
+antiquity. Did you ever read the History of Rome? Of Rome! yes, of Rome.
+Thence comes the Cat and the Fiddle, in somewhat a roundabout way
+perhaps, but so it is:
+
+  Vixtrix causa Diis placuit, sed victa Catoni.
+
+Cato was faithful to the sacred cause of liberty, and disdained to
+survive it; and now for the fiddle. In the days of good Queen Bess, when
+those who had borne the iron yoke of Mary, ventured forth and gloried in
+that freedom of conscience which had lately been denied them, a jolly
+innkeeper having lately cast off the shackles of the old religion,
+likened himself to the old Roman, and wrote over his door _l'Hostelle du
+Caton fidelle_. The hostelle and its sign lasted longer than the worthy
+gentleman, and having gone shockingly to decay, was many years after
+re-established. But alas! the numerous French words once mixed with our
+language had vanished, barbarized, and ground down into a heterogeneous
+mass of sounds; and _le Caton fidelle_ was no longer known to his best
+friends when resuscitated under the anomalous title of the Cat and
+Fiddle!!
+
+XX.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE BLIND GIRL.
+
+_(For the Mirror.)_
+
+
+  As fair a thing as e'er was form'd of clay.
+
+BYRON.
+
+  Sweet wanderer--we have known her long!
+    And often on our ear,
+  Has gush'd the cadence of her song,
+    As if some stream were near.
+  Her path was through our tranquil dell,
+  When breezes kiss'd the curfew bell.
+
+  We gaz'd upon the golden hair,
+    That o'er her white brow shone,
+  And beauty's tinge had cluster'd there,
+    A grace unlike its own.
+  We call'd it beautiful--that brow!
+  But rayless were the eyes below.
+
+  Those pale dim eyes, we would have given
+    Our flowers to see them glow--
+  They slept, as sleeps the summer heaven,
+    When the sun waxeth low:
+  And soft her glossy lashes were,
+  As stars within the crystal air.
+
+  Oh, call her not a phantom form,
+    Of deep sepulchral spells;
+  Her maiden lips with life are warm,
+    And thought within her dwells--
+  Thought, holy as the light that lies
+  In the rapt martyr's lifted eyes.
+
+  Her home--'tis far away from her,
+    Its quiet porch is lone,
+  And the sunny wind no more shall stir
+    Its streamlet's silver tone.
+  The zephyrs there, their incense wreathe,
+  But, o'er her hair they shall not breathe.
+
+  Her sire reposeth in the wave,
+    Beneath an Indian sky;
+  The violets fringe her mother's grave,
+    And there, her sisters lie!
+  And we will waft to heaven our prayers,
+  When her pure dust is mix'd with theirs.
+
+  _Deal_.      REGINALD AUGUSTINE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+WINE.
+
+_(For the Mirror.)_
+
+
+Sir,--I am induced to send you the following, in consequence of reading
+an article upon _wine_ in No. 352, page 45 of your interesting work.
+
+The article appears to have been written with a view of inducing a more
+frequent use of that wholesome and invigorating beverage by adducing a
+host of respectable names of antiquity. But I am somewhat inclined to
+believe, that notwithstanding the classic lore and learned style in which
+the article appears, that many there are, whose adverse temper, and whom
+the present "march of intellect" has so far rendered callous to
+_authoritative_ conviction, that they still remain sceptics of the
+extraordinary good qualities and virtues, which the ancients believed
+this beverage to contain; only because they have thought fit to adhere to
+the common adage, that no opinion ought to be received upon men's
+authority, without a sufficient reason assigned for its correctness. It
+is with this view of the subject then, that I venture to make the few
+following observations. In the first place, we will briefly consider the
+nature and chemical properties of wines, and then their tendency
+and action upon the constitution.
+
+The characteristic ingredient of all wines is alcohol, the proportion and
+quality of which, and the state and combination in which it exists,
+constitute the essential properties of the numerous kinds of wines. The
+colour of the red wines is produced from the husk of the grape, they
+being used during fermentation; on the contrary, the colourless wines are
+those where the husk of the grape is not used during the process of
+fermentation. The colouring matter produced from the husks is highly
+astringent, consequently the red and white wines are very different in
+their qualities, and very different in their effect on the stomach.
+
+All wines contain more or less acid; for British wines are considered
+less salubrious than those of foreign, from their having an excess of
+malic acid, which our fruits contain. The foreign wines are reckoned
+superior in quality, in consequence of their containing an excess of
+tartaric acid, their fruit containing a greater portion of this acid than
+does ours. Wines during fermentation, if improperly managed, will produce
+_acetic acid_, which will greatly deteriorate their quality.
+
+Various have been the opinions of eminent men on the effects of wine upon
+the constitution. It would be needless to enter into a detailed account
+of all those who have written for or against its utility; the following,
+from a modern eminent writer _against_ the use of wines will suffice, and
+serve to show that the opponents to wine-drinking have at least some
+reason on their side. Mr. Beddoes, states, in his "Hygeia," vol. ii, p.
+35, that an ingenious surgeon tried the following experiment:--He gave
+two of his children for a week alternately after dinner, to the one a
+full glass of sherry, and to the other a large China orange; the effects
+that followed were sufficient to prove the _injurious tendency_ of vinous
+liquors. In the one the pulse was quickened, the heat increased; whilst
+the other had every appearance that indicated high health; the same
+effect followed when the experiment was reversed. This certainly is a
+formidable objection, but let us before drawing a final conclusion,
+examine the opposite arguments.
+
+Wines, and, indeed, all fermented liquors have an antiseptic quality.
+They act in direct opposition to putrefaction, and in proportion to the
+quantity of alcohol which they contain, so will be their value and
+beneficial tendency. Now the circulating fluids of our system have a
+continual tendency to putrefaction; and the food we take, both animal
+and vegetable, tends to produce this effect; if, therefore, something of
+an antiseptic nature, or of a nature in direct opposition to this
+principle be not received, the fluids would ultimately become a mass of
+corruption, with the extinction of life. If we meet with an individual
+whose habits are abstemious, as regards the drinking of wines or
+fermented liquors, we generally discover him to have a great predilection
+for that valuable commodity _salt_, which article being in its nature
+antiseptic, answers the same purpose as wine. Therefore, the labouring
+man, whose narrow circumstances prohibit him from the advantage of a
+daily use of wine, by taking with his food a sufficient quantity of salt,
+and his apportioned quantity of malt liquor, retains his vigour and
+strength of body equally with those whose more ample means render them
+capable of acquiring the necessary quantity of wine daily. Doctor Barry
+mentions an experiment made on a soldier, who was hired to live entirely
+for some days on wild fowl,[3] with water only to drink; he received in
+the beginning his reward and diet with great cheerfulness, but this was
+soon succeeded by nausea, thirst, and disposition to putrid dysentery,
+which was with some difficulty prevented from making further progress, by
+the physician who made the experiment. Again, he remarks, "I knew a
+person who, by the advice of his physician abstained for some years
+entirely from _salt_, drank chiefly _water_, and used freely an animal
+diet, and by that means acquired a violent scurvy; he was, after some
+time, relieved by a strict regimen of diet and medicine, and as he
+afterwards used salt and vegetables with animal food, and drank wine more
+freely, never had a return of the disorder." It is therefore evident,
+that a _moderate_ use of wine tends to promote health, and keeps off the
+numerous train of disorders, to which the constitution of man is subject,
+thereby lessening the evils incidental to human nature. We can then
+exclaim with Virgil of wine,
+
+  "Deus ille malis hominum mitescere discat."
+
+S.S.T.
+
+    [3] It must be recollected that wild fowl in consequence of
+        their living on animal diet, give more readily a putrid
+        disposition to the fluids.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+THE SKETCH-BOOK.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+MY FIRST LOVE.
+
+_(For the Mirror.)_
+
+
+She was amiable, accomplished, fascinating, beautiful; yet her's were
+beauties which description cannot heighten; fascinations which
+language were vain to embellish. There was soul in her deep hazel eye as
+its flashes broke through their long, dark, encircling fringe; her jetty
+locks waved harmoniously, contrasting with the virgin snow of the
+forehead they wreathed in glossy luxuriance, the unclouded smile played
+on her lip like the zephyr over a bed of gossamer, or a sunbeam on the
+cheek of Aurora.
+
+Scarce eleven summers had passed over my head when I first saw Annette.
+She was by about three years my elder. Young, though I was, I was not
+insensible; she rivetted my gaze, I felt an emotion I could not
+comprehend--cannot describe--as it were love in the germ just beginning
+to expand, waiting but for the genial warmth of a few summer suns to
+nourish and bring it to maturity. We parted, still her image pursued me,
+the recollection was sweet, and I loved to cherish it.
+
+Four years had elapsed; we again met. My soul thrilled with delight in
+beholding, in contemplating, her perfections! How was that delight
+increased when I saw her countenance shed its loveliest smiles, her eye
+pour its heavenliest beams--on _me_--happy presumption--I loved. _We_
+loved; but words spoke not our love. No, each read it in the burning
+glances that were reciprocated--in the spirit-breathing sighs that would
+ever and anon steal forth--spite of suppression. Let me shorten the tale
+of rapture. She was mine; Annette was mine--mine undividedly. SHE IS MINE
+NO LONGER. Ask not the cause. I was infuriated, befooled, infatuated; my
+own "hands threw the pearl away;" my own lips gave, sealed the sentence,
+that robbed me for ever, ay, for ever, of a heart--a treasure, it had
+been heaven to possess. SHE IS MINE NO LONGER--yet a pleasure it is, a
+melancholy pleasure, how I love it, to recall those moments of refined,
+of voluptuous enjoyment, my sole remaining happiness, that they _were_,
+my bitterest pang, that they _are not_--moments, when amid the busy
+circle--scarce could the eagle glance of surrounding observation control
+the bursting emotions of the soul, or, oh, more blest--moments of
+solitude--where those motions broke forth, unobserved, unrestrained. SHE
+IS MINE NO LONGER. Yet Annette sleeps not in the sombre grave. A blast,
+not of death, but more dire, hath scattered those hopes, too
+unsubstantially fond to be realized: a chill not of the grave, but more
+piercing, hath nipped those blossoms of happiness, too ethereally
+delicate for earth. Still Annette lives, beautiful as ever, enchanting
+as ever, lives, but for another. Stay, let me recall that word, I wrong
+her; it must not, cannot be; her _heart_ is not, never shall be his; with
+mine it hath lost its _one_ resting place, and like the dove, seeks not
+another. Cruel fate, but I have ceased to repine--ceased to regret.
+
+IOTA.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+Select Biography.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MEMOIR OF BOLIVAR.
+
+_(Concluded from page 213.)_
+
+
+Early in 1818, the supreme chief, after concentrating his forces, marched
+rapidly to Calabozo, and arrived before Morillo was aware that he had
+quitted Angostura. The Spanish general effected his retreat to Aragua.
+The supreme chief came up with him at La Usirrael, but could make but a
+slight impression on the enemy, on account of the strength of his
+position. Another rencontre occurred at Sombrero. Morillo retired to
+Valencia; and Bolivar took possession of the valleys of Aragua. Thence he
+detached a strong division to take San Fernando de Apure, in order to
+complete the conquest of the Llanos. Upon this the Spaniards advanced.
+The two armies met at Semen. Morillo was wounded, and the royalist army
+put to flight. The pursuit being indiscreetly conducted by the patriots,
+and a fresh royalist division arriving to support Morillo, the fortune of
+the day was changed. Each party was alternately defeated, and both
+rallied their dispersed corps to reengage at Ortiz.
+
+The division which succeeded in capturing San Fernando had an indecisive
+affair at Cojedes. Others of the same character took place at El Rincon
+del Toro, and other places. At the close of this campaign, the Spaniards
+held Aragua, and the patriots San Fernando. Thus the former possessed the
+most fertile provinces of Venezuela, and all New Granada; while the
+latter were reduced to the Llanos and Guayana. Arms were sent to General
+Santander, who was endeavouring to raise a division in Casanare.
+
+In 1819, the various corps united in San Fernando, where the supreme
+chief devoted his labours to the regulation of civil affairs. He invited
+the provinces to send deputies to Angostura, to form a general congress,
+and then delegated his powers to a council of government to act in his
+absence.
+
+With four or five thousand men, the supreme chief opened the campaign
+against Morillo, who had six or seven thousand. Twelve hundred British
+troops arrived at Margarita from England. They had been
+engaged in London by Colonel English, and were equipped and sent out by
+Messrs. Herring and Richardson; besides these, eight hundred others also
+arrived at Angostura. The latter were engaged by Captain Elsom, and sent
+out by Messrs. Hurry, Powles, and Hurry; the greater part were disbanded
+soldiers from the British army, reduced on the return of the troops from
+France.[4] These volunteers were equipped in the most efficient manner.
+With these expeditions large supplies of spare arms were sent to assist
+the cause of independence. Bolivar, in his speech to congress, thus
+expresses himself on this subject:--
+
+    [4] Colonel Macirone also sent out above two thousand men, who
+        were employed in the capture of Porto Bello and Rio de la Hacha.
+        This caused a very favourable diversion for Bolivar in Venezuela,
+        as it distracted the attention of the royalists, and but for the
+        pusillanimous conduct of Macgregor, who commanded the expedition,
+        might have proved of lasting advantage.
+
+"For these important advantages we are indebted to the unbounded
+liberality of some generous foreigners, who, hearing the groans of
+suffering humanity, and seeing the cause of freedom, reason, and justice
+ready to sink, would not remain quiet, but flew to our succour with their
+munificent aid and protection, and furnished the republic with every
+thing needful to cause their philanthropical principles to flourish.
+Those friends of mankind are the guardian geniuses of America, and to
+them we owe a debt of eternal gratitude, as well as a religious
+fulfilment of the several obligations contracted with them."
+
+Bolivar, leaving the army in command of General Paez, repaired to
+Angostura. As Morillo advanced, Paez, agreeable to orders, retired
+towards the Orinoco, detaching a few guerillas to harass the Spaniards in
+the rear.
+
+General Urdaneta was appointed to command the recently arrived British
+legion in Margarita, which was to act on the side of Caracas, in order to
+draw off the attention of Morillo from the Llanos.
+
+On the 15th of February, 1819, congress was installed at Angostura. The
+supreme chief pronounced an eloquent discourse, and resigned his
+authority. Congress immediately, and unanimously, elected him president
+of the republic.
+
+Early in March, the president rejoined the army, which was very much
+reduced by sickness. On the 27th, he defeated the vanguard of the
+Spaniards. Adopting a desultory system of warfare, he obliged them to
+recross the Apure, having lost half their original numbers.
+
+While Morillo remained in winter quarters, the president traversed the
+vast plains of the Apure and Casanare, which are rendered almost
+impassable by inundations from the month of May to the end of August. In
+Casanare, the president formed a junction with the division of Santander,
+two thousand strong. Santander had, from the commencement of the
+revolution, dedicated himself with enthusiastic constancy to the cause of
+his country. He now expelled the Spaniards from their formidable position
+of Paya, and opened the way for the president to cross the terrific
+Andes, in effecting which, nearly a fourth of his army perished from the
+effects of cold and excessive fatigue.
+
+On the 11th of July, the president attacked the royal army at Gamarra.
+After a long engagement, the Spanish general Barrero retired, and did not
+again offer battle, except in positions almost inaccessible. Bonza was
+invested by the patriots for some days in sight of both armies. The
+president, by a flank movement, brought the Spaniards to action on the
+25th of July, at Bargas. The Spaniards, though superior in numbers, and
+advantageously posted, gave way, and the president obtained a complete
+victory. His inferior forces, however, and the nature of the country, did
+not allow him to make the most of this glorious success; but he obtained
+a thousand recruits, and marched to interpose between the defeated
+Barrero and the viceroy Samano, who, with all the disposable force south
+of Bogotá, was about to support Barrero. The result of the president's
+daring and masterly movement was the battle of Boyaca, fought on the 7th
+of August, and which has been called the _birth of Colombia_. In this
+battle, the English troops, under the command of Major Mackintosh,
+greatly distinguished themselves. The gallant major was promoted by the
+liberator on the field. In three days afterwards the president entered
+Bogotá in triumph, and, within a short period, eleven provinces of New
+Granada announced their adhesion to the cause of independence.
+
+Bolivar repaired to Angostura, where he once more resigned his authority
+to the representatives of the people, and laid on their floor the
+trophies of the last campaign. On the 25th of December, 1819, congress,
+at the suggestion of the president, decreed that thenceforth Venezuela
+and New Granada should form one republic, under the denomination of
+COLOMBIA. At the same time it conferred upon Bolivar the title of
+LIBERATOR OF COLOMBIA, and re-elected him president of the republic.
+
+In March, 1820, he arrived at Bogotá, and occupied himself until August
+in the organization of the army cantoned at various points between
+Cucuta and San Fernando de Apure.
+
+The Spanish revolution, which originated in the Isla de Leon, inspired
+the South Americans with new hopes. These were raised still higher by the
+solicitude of Morillo to negotiate an armistice; but Bolivar, refusing to
+treat upon any other basis than that of independence, marched to the
+department of the Magdalena, reviewed the besieging force before
+Carthagena, and reinforced the division of the south, destined to act
+against Popayan and Quito. The president drove the Spaniards from the
+provinces of Merida and Truxillo, and established his winter headquarters
+at the latter town. On the 26th of November, the president concluded an
+armistice of six months with Morillo, who engaged that, on the renewal of
+hostilities, the war should be carried on, conformably to the practice of
+civilized nations.
+
+In the beginning of the year 1821, the liberator went to Bogotá, to
+attend to the affairs of the south; when hearing of the arrival at
+Caracas of Spanish commissioners to treat for peace, he returned to
+Truxillo; but no terms were then agreed upon. In the meanwhile, the
+province of Maracaybo shook off the Spanish yoke. Morillo having departed
+for Europe, General La Torre, a brave and very superior man, succeeded to
+the command of the royal army, and made strong remonstrances against the
+movement in the province of Maracaybo, which he deemed an infraction of
+the armistice, and hostilities in consequence recommenced. The liberator
+concentrated his forces in Varinas; he detached a division to the coast
+under General Urdaneta, and another to the east, under General Bermudez,
+to divide the attention of the enemy, and marched himself against
+Caracas. On the 24th of June, the liberator attacked and defeated the
+Spaniards, who had taken up a strong position at Carabobo. The numbers on
+both sides were nearly equal. This battle decided the fate of Colombia.
+The victorious liberator entered Caracas on the 29th. On the 2nd of July,
+La Guayra also surrendered to him.
+
+Leaving a besieging division before Puerto Cabello, the liberator went to
+Cucuta, where he resigned once more the office of president of the
+republic, which, in admiration of his disinterestedness, instantly
+re-elected him.
+
+When the province of Guayaquil declared itself independent, it solicited
+the assistance of Bolivar against the Spaniards in Quito. A small
+division was accordingly sent there.
+
+The liberator, having signed the constitution sanctioned by congress,
+obtained leave to direct the war in the south. In January, 1822, he put
+himself at the head of the army in Popayan, and sent a reinforcement to
+General Sucre in Guayaquil.
+
+In the month of March, the liberator moved against the province of Pasto,
+the inhabitants of which country are surpassed in bravery by no people in
+the world, but who adhered with blind attachment to the ancient regime.
+The liberator, having overcome the obstacles presented by nature in the
+valleys of Patia, and the formidable river Guanabamba, arrived in front
+of Bombona. The _Pastusos_ (inhabitants of the province of Pasto) had
+here taken up a strong position, supported by the Spanish troops. They
+were vigorously attacked; but every charge made in front was repulsed. It
+was not until the rifle battalion, commanded by the able Colonel Sands,
+outflanked the _Pastusos_, that victory declared for Bolivar; but his
+army had suffered so severely, that, instead of immediately following up
+the fugitives through a hostile country, it fell back a short distance.
+
+Whilst these operations were going on, Sucre liberated the provinces of
+Loja and Cuenca, and, on the 24th of May, gained the victory of
+Pinchincha, which gave independence to Quito. In the same year Carthagena
+and Cumaná, surrendered to the liberating forces in Venezuela.
+
+The liberator entered Quito on the 16th of June. His attention was soon
+attracted to the discontents which had arisen at Guayaquil, where the
+Colombians had become unpopular. His excellency proceeded to that town,
+and, under his auspices, the provisional government annexed the province
+to Colombia.
+
+One of the results of the interview which took place between the
+protector of Peru and the liberator of Colombia was the sending of an
+auxiliary force of two thousand Colombians to Lima; but the junta, which
+proceeded to the protectorate, ordered the Colombian troops to return to
+Guayaquil. The president Riva Aguero, who succeeded to the junta, applied
+for an auxiliary Colombian division of six thousand men, and invited
+Bolivar to take the command of all the military forces in Peru. The
+Colombian troops were sent to Lima. General Bolivar obtained leave from
+the congress at Bogotá to go to Peru--the grand scene of his subsequent
+triumphs.
+
+The person of Bolivar is thin, and somewhat below the middle size. He
+dresses in good taste, and has an easy military walk. He is a very bold
+rider, and capable of undergoing great fatigue. His manners are good, and
+his address unaffected, but not very prepossessing. It is said that, in
+his youth, he was rather handsome. His complexion is sallow; his hair,
+originally very black, is now mixed with gray. His eyes are dark and
+penetrating, but generally downcast, or turned askance, when he speaks;
+his nose is well formed, his forehead high and broad, the lower part of
+the face is sharp; the expression of the countenance is careworn,
+lowering, and sometimes rather fierce. His temper, spoiled by adulation,
+is fiery and capricious. His opinions of men and things are variable. He
+is rather prone to personal abuse, but makes ample amends to those who
+will put up with it. Towards such his resentments are not lasting. He is
+a passionate admirer of the fair sex, but jealous to excess. He is fond
+of waltzing, and is a very quick, but not a very graceful dancer. His
+mind is of the most active description. When not more stirringly
+employed, he is always reading, dictating letters, &c., or conversing.
+His voice is loud and harsh, but he speaks eloquently on most subjects.
+His reading has been principally confined to French authors; hence the
+Gallic idioms so common in his productions. He is an _impressive_ writer,
+but his style is vitiated by an affectation of grandeur. Speaking so well
+as he does, it is not wonderful that he should be more fond of hearing
+himself talk than of listening to others, and apt to engross conversation
+in the society he receives. He entertains numerously, and no one has more
+skilful cooks, or gives better dinners; but he is himself so very
+abstemious, in both eating and drinking, that he seldom takes his place
+at his own table until the repast is nearly over, having probably dined
+in private upon a plain dish or two. He is fond of giving toasts, which
+he always prefaces in the most eloquent and appropriate manner; and his
+enthusiasm is so great, that he frequently mounts his chair, or the
+table, to propose them. Although the cigar is almost universally used in
+South America, Bolivar never smokes, nor does he permit smoking in his
+presence. He is never without proper officers in waiting, and keeps up a
+considerable degree of etiquette. Disinterested in the extreme with
+regard to pecuniary affairs, he is insatiably covetous of fame. Bolivar
+invariably speaks of England, of her institutions, and of her great men,
+in terms of admiration. He often dwells with great warmth upon the
+constancy, fidelity, and sterling merit of the English officers who have
+served in the cause of independence, under every varying event of the
+war. A further proof of his predilection towards England is that he has
+always had upon his personal staff a number of British subjects.
+
+--_Memoirs of General Miller_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+Fine Arts.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+EXHIBITIONS AT THE BAZAAR,
+
+_Oxford Street_.
+
+THE BRITISH DIORAMA.
+
+
+On Saturday, the 11th, there was a private view of four new pictures, by
+Stanfield and Roberts, at this very interesting lounge. They consist of
+
+1. _The City of York, with the Minster on fire_--a picturesque view of
+the cathedral, with a mimic display of the conflagration, the accuracy of
+which will make the property-man of the Opera tremble.
+
+2. _The Temple of Apollinopolis, in Egypt_, a magnificent picture of
+Egyptian architecture--"noble in decay." The splendid leaved capitals of
+the pillars reminded us of the following, which we had that morning read
+in the _Journal of a Naturalist_:--"No portion of creation," says the
+author, "has been resorted to by mankind with more success for the
+ornament and decoration of their labours, than the vegetable world. The
+rites, emblems, and mysteries of religion; national achievements,
+eccentric marks, and the capricious visions of fancy, have all been
+wrought by the hand of the sculptor, on the temple, the altar, or the
+tomb; but plants, their foliage, flowers, or fruits, as the most
+graceful, varied, and pleasing objects that meet our view, have been more
+universally the object of design, and have supplied the most beautiful,
+and perhaps the earliest, embellishments of art. The pomegranate, the
+almond, and flowers, were selected even in the wilderness, and by divine
+appointment, to give form to the sacred utensils; the rewards of merit,
+the wreath of the victor, were arboraceous; in later periods, the
+acanthus, the ivy, the lotus, the vine, the palm, and the oak, flourished
+under the chisel, or beneath the loom of the artist; and in modern days,
+the vegetable world affords the almost exclusive decorations of ingenuity
+and art."
+
+3. _Entrance to the Village of Virex, in Italy_--a pleasing picture of
+what may be termed _an architectural village_; for some of the dwellings
+almost approach to palaces, and others have a conventual character, which
+harmonizes with the sublime beauties of nature which rise around them.
+
+4. _Interior of St. Saveur, in Normandy._ As an architectural picture we
+are not disposed to rate this so highly as the two preceding.
+
+The alternations of light and shade are admirably managed in all of them,
+among which a flood of light streaming through one of the cathedral
+windows will be much admired. The size of each picture is 70 feet by
+50--and the four may be seen for _one shilling!_
+
+Below stairs, the fine group from Reubens's Descent from the Cross, and
+Albert Durer's Carvings of the Life of the Virgin Mary, still continue
+open.
+
+Another exhibition, _Trepado, or Cut-Paper Work_, to use a vulgar phrase,
+"cut out" all the work of the kind we have ever seen. We have a sister
+very ingenious in these matters; but her productions, compared with the
+cuttings of the Oxford-street Bazaar, are as John Nash with Michael
+Angelo. These cuttings are in imitation of Line Engraving, comprising
+sixteen pictures, cut with scissars, among which are the Lord's
+Supper--Conversion of St. Paul--The Battle of Alexander--A Portrait of
+his Majesty George IV., &c. They are almost the counterfeit presentment
+of pencil-drawings, such as Varley and Brookman and Langdon could not
+excel. Yet these are cut with scissars! A greater exercise of patience,
+to say the least of it, we scarcely know. Every one who wishes to cut a
+figure in the world ought to learn this art; and certain fair cutters may
+by this means spread even stronger meshes than these paper nets. We mean
+to see them again, although we have too many _cuttings_ to make for the
+gratification of our readers to allow us to enter into the _Trepado_
+study _con amore_--and so with this recommendation, we _cut_ the subject.
+We, however, expect to meet scores of our Easter friends in the Bazaar;
+and there is no similar establishment in London where so much may be seen
+for so little money.
+
+The Bazaar has lately been extended for a suite of rooms for the
+exhibition of Household Furniture, for sale. There are already several
+handsome specimens--many of them fit for the splendid palaces building in
+the Regent's Park. If the reader be one of those who "meditate on
+muffineers and plan pokers," he will enjoy this part of the Bazaar. In
+all the Parisian bazaars, there is an abundance of _meubles_ and you get
+accommodated with a newspaper and a chair, as the Street-publishers say,
+"for the small charge of one penny:" might it not be so here, or is an
+Englishman obliged to read and drink (not think) at the same time?
+
+The counters of the Bazaar are abundantly stocked with _bijouterie_ and
+nic-nacs, the _Nouveautes de Paris_ and Spitalfields--Canton in China,
+and Leatherlane in Holborn--toy-carts for children, and fleecy hosiery
+for old folks--puffs and pastry, and the last new song--inkstands,
+taper-lights, pen-wipers, perfumed sealing-wax, French hair-paper,
+curling-wheels--and all the fair ammunition of love and madness. If you
+leave your purse at home, or, what is worse, if you have left your money,
+you know not where, remember Bishop Berkley, and console yourself with
+the reflection that all these things were made for your enjoyment, and
+that all around are striving to please you. This will be no trifling
+source of pleasure--it will fill your head and fill your heart with
+joy--leave the _pockets_ to grosser minds.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SOCIETY OF BRITISH ARTISTS, SUFFOLK-STREET, PALL-MALL, EAST.
+
+_By a Correspondent_.
+
+
+The sixth exhibition of this society is now open to the public, and the
+display of talent fully equals, or, perhaps, excels, that of former
+seasons. The society, since its commencement, has realized twelve
+thousand pounds from the sale of the works of British artists, who, thus
+stimulated by the disposal of their performances, have exerted their
+utmost ability in contributing specimens of their art to the present
+exhibition. We can, however, only notice a few of those artists who have
+been particularly successful; our limits not allowing us to extend
+justice to _all_.
+
+The most splendid painting in the gallery is No. 7, _The Departure of the
+Israelites out of Egypt_, by Mr. Roberts. In the performance of this
+work, the painter has evidently endeavoured to imitate Martin's
+compositions. The picture, viewed at a little distance, is certainly
+grand and imposing; on a near inspection, however, we look in vain for
+the exquisite finish, and the characteristic expression so universally
+admired in Mr. Martin's works. We advise Mr. Roberts, if he pursues this
+class of painting, to unite finish with his bold effects--for attention
+in this respect will prove the _denouement_ of his pictures. No. 188,
+_Erle Stoke Park, the seat of G. Watson Taylor, Esq. M.P._ by Mr.
+Stanfield, is a very delightful picture, being remarkably chaste and
+clear in the colouring. No. 404, _Mattock High Tor_, by Mr. Hotland, and
+No. 440, _A Party crossing the Alps_, by Mr. Egerton, are works of high
+merit; as are the performances of Messrs. Wilson, Blake, Glover,[5]
+Knight, Nasmyth, Farrier, Gill, Novice, Stevens, Turner, Holmes, and
+Pidding.
+
+    [5] _Apropos_, three are twenty-three pictures by this gentleman
+        in the gallery.
+
+The engravings and sculpture are likewise very creditable to the
+institution this season. Mr. Quilly has executed an excellent print from
+Stanfield's fine picture, _The Wreckers_, which was exhibited last year
+at the British Institution.
+
+Among the busts in the sculpture-room we notice those of Lord Eldon, Sir
+F. Burdett, Sir H. Davy, the late Lord Bishop of Salisbury, &c.
+
+G.W.N.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+(_Concluded from, page 254_.)
+
+
+"_N'importe!_" exclaimed Stubbs, gaily; "there are more admirers, in this
+world, of the ridiculous than of the true, that let me tell you. But I
+must to my studies, for the night approaches. Next Monday--and this is
+Thursday--and I am by no means _au fait_ yet in my part. So good
+morning--let me see you soon again--and meanwhile adieu! adieu! remember
+me!"
+
+Mr. M'Crab departed; and Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs prepared
+to go through the soliloquy of "To be--or not to be," before a mirror
+which reflected the whole of his person.
+
+Monday came, and oh! with what a flutter of delight Mr. Stubbs cast his
+eyes upon that part of the paper, where the play for the evening was
+announced, and where he read, "_This evening will be acted the tragedy of
+Hamlet: the part of Hamlet by a gentleman, his first appearance on any
+stage._"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+His carriage was at the door--and he told the coachman to drive down ----
+street, that he might see in passing along, whether the crowd at the pit
+and gallery doors, would obstruct his progress. It was not quite so large
+as to stretch across the carriage road; but he was sure there were some
+hundreds, though so early, and he thought they must have heard who the
+"gentleman" was, that was then rolling by. He would not be positive, too;
+but he could almost swear he heard an huzza, as he passed along. There
+were above a dozen persons collected round the stage door; and he plainly
+perceived that _they_ drew back with respectful admiration, as the new
+Hamlet stepped out of his carriage.
+
+He hastened to his dressing-room, where he found his friend, the manager,
+Mr. Peaess, who shook him by the hand, as he informed him that they had
+an excellent box-book. Stubbs smiled graciously; and the manager left him
+with his dresser, to attire himself in his "customary suit of solemn
+black." Mr. Stubbs had kept his intention of stuffing the character a
+profound secret, fearful lest any technical objections should be made by
+Mr. Peaess, and desirous also of making the first impression in the
+green-room. When he entered it, therefore, in the likeness of a chubby
+undertaker, ready for a funeral, rather than in that of the "unmatched
+form and feature of blown youth"--in short, the very type and image of
+poor Tokely in _Peter Pastoral_,--his eyes and ears were on the alert to
+catch the look of surprise, and buzz of admiration, which he very
+naturally anticipated. He was a little daunted by a suppressed titter
+which ran round the room; but he was utterly confounded when his best and
+dearest friend, Mr. Peaess himself, coming up to him exclaimed,--"Why,
+zounds! Mr. Stubbs, what have you been doing? By ----, the audience will
+never stand this."
+
+"Stand what?" replied Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs.
+
+"What!" echoed the manager; "why this pot-belly, and those cherub
+cheeks."
+
+"Pooh! pooh!" replied Stubbs, "it's Shakspeare's, and I can prove it."
+
+"You may pooh! pooh! as much as you like, Mr. Stubbs," rejoined the
+manager; "but, by ----, you've made a mere apple-dumpling of yourself."
+
+"Do you think so," exclaimed Stubbs, glancing in one of the
+mirrors--"Well; I do assure you it is Shakspeare, and I'll prove it. But
+what shall I do?" and he looked imploringly round upon the broad,
+grinning countenances of the other performers.
+
+"Do?" ejaculated Mr. Peaess; "you can do nothing now--the curtain has
+been up these ten minutes; Horatio and Marcellus are coming off, and you
+must go on."
+
+At this moment the ghost of Hamlet's father entered the room, but before
+he had time to look upon his son, the call-boy's summons was heard for
+the King, Queen, Hamlet, Polonius, Laertes, &c., to be ready, and forth
+sallied poor Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs, to prove, if he
+could, to the audience, that his rotundity was perfectly Shakspearian.
+
+The awful flourish of drum and trumpet was sounded;--their majesties of
+Denmark, attended by their train of courtiers, walked on. There is a
+pause! All eyes are bent in eager gaze to catch the first glimpse of the
+new Hamlet--all hands are ready to applaud. He appears--boxes, pit, and
+gallery, join in the generous welcome of the unknown candidate. He
+revives--hastens to the foot-lights--bows--another round of
+applause--bows again--and again--and then falls back, to let the business
+of the scene proceed. He looks round, meanwhile, with the swelling
+consciousness that he is that moment "the observed of all observers," and
+tries to rally his agitated spirits; but just as he is beginning to do
+so, his wandering eye rests upon the ill-omened face of M'Crab, seated in
+the front-row of the stage-box, who is gazing at him with a grotesque
+smile, which awakens an overwhelming recollection of his own prediction,
+that he "would be horribly laughed at, if he did make Hamlet a fat little
+fellow," as well as a bewildering reminiscence of the manager's, that,
+"by ----, the audience would not stand it."
+
+It was soon evident they would not, or rather that they could not stand
+it. But it was not alone his new reading in what regarded the person of
+Hamlet, that excited astonishment. Mr. Stubbs had so many other new
+readings, that before he got to the end of his first speech, beginning
+with, "Seems, madam! nay, it is," they were satisfied of what was to
+follow. When, however, Mr. Stubbs stood alone upon the stage, in the full
+perfection of his figure, and concentrated upon himself the undivided
+attention of the house--when he gathered up his face into an
+indescribable aspect of woe--but, above all, when, placing his two hands
+upon his little round belly, he exclaimed, while looking sorrowfully at
+it,
+
+  "Oh, that this too, too solid flesh would melt,
+      (Pat, went the right hand,)
+  Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew,"
+      (Pat, went the left hand,)
+
+the effect was irresistible. One roar of laughter shook the theatre, from
+the back row of the shilling gallery to the first row of the pit, mingled
+with cries of _bravo! bravo! go on, my little fellow--you shall have fair
+play--silence--bravo! silence!_--Stubbs, meanwhile, looked as if he were
+really wondering what they were all laughing at; and when at length
+silence was partially restored, he continued his soliloquy. His delivery
+of the lines,
+
+  "Fye on't oh fye! 'tis an unweeded garden
+  That grown to seed: things rank and gross in nature," &c.
+
+was one of his new readings--for holding up his finger, and looking
+towards the audience with a severe expression of countenance, it appeared
+as though he were chiding their ill manners in laughing at him, when he
+said, "Fye on't--oh, fye!"
+
+He was allowed to proceed, however, with such interruptions only as his
+own original conceptions of the part provoked from time to time; or when
+any thing he had to say was obviously susceptible of an application to
+himself. Thus, for example, in the scene with Horatio and Marcellus,
+after his interview with the ghost:--
+
+  _"Ham_.           And now, good friends,
+  As you are friends, scholars, and soldiers,
+  Give me one poor request.
+
+  _Hor_. What is it, my lord? We will.
+
+  _Ham. Never make known what you have seen to-night."_
+
+"Let him, if he likes," exclaimed a voice from the pit--"he'll never see
+such a sight again."--Then, in his instructions to the players, his
+delivery of them was accompanied by something like the following running
+commentary:
+
+"Speak the speech, I pray you, as I pronounced it to you, (_that is
+impossible!_) trippingly on the tongue: but if you mouth it, as many of
+our players do, (_laughter_,) I had as lief the town-crier spoke my
+lines. * * * Oh, it offends me to the soul, to hear a robustious,
+periwig-pated fellow (_like yourself_) tear a passion to tatters, &c.--I
+would have such a fellow whipped (_give it him, he deserves it_) for
+o'erdoing Termagant. * * * Oh, there be players that I have seen play,
+(_no, we see him,_) and heard others praise, and that highly, (_oh! oh!
+oh!_) not to speak it profanely, that, having neither the accent of
+Christians, (_ha! ha! ha!_) nor the gait of Christian, Pagan, nor man,
+have so strutted (_bravo! little 'un!_) and bellowed, (_hit him again!_)
+that I have thought some of nature's journeymen had made men, (_who made
+you?_) and not made them well, (_no, you are a bad fit_,) they imitated
+humanity so abominably." (_Roars of laughter_.)
+
+It was thus Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs enacted Hamlet; and it
+was not till the end of the fourth act that he suffered a single
+observation to escape him, which indicated he thought any thing was
+amiss. Then, indeed, while sitting in the green-room, and as if the idea
+had just struck him, he said to Mr. Peaess, "Do you know, I begin to
+think I have some enemies in the house, for when, in the scene with
+Ophelia, I said, 'What should such fellows as I do crawling between earth
+and heaven?' somebody called out, loud enough for me to hear him, 'Ay!
+what, indeed?' It's very odd. Did you notice it, ma'am?" he continued
+addressing the lady who performed Ophelia. "I can't say I did," replied
+the lady, biting her lips most unmercifully, to preserve her gravity of
+countenance.
+
+This was the only remark made by the inimitable Mr. Stubbs during the
+whole evening, and he went through the fifth act with unabated
+self-confidence. His dying scene was honoured with thunders of applause,
+and loud cries of _encore_. Stubbs raised his head, and looking at
+Horatio, who was bending over him, inquired, "Do you think they mean it?"
+
+"Lie still, for God's sake!" exclaimed Horatio, and the curtain slowly
+descended amid deafening roars of laughter, and shouts of hurrah! hurrah!
+
+The next morning, at breakfast, Stubbs found all the daily papers on his
+table, pursuant to his directions. He took up one, and read, in large
+letters--"THEATRE. FIRST AND LAST APPEARANCE OF MR. HENRY AUGUSTUS
+CONSTANTINE STUBBS IN HAMLET."
+
+He read no more. The paper dropped from his hands; and Mr. Stubbs
+remained nothing but a GENTLEMAN all the rest of his life--_Blackwood's
+Mag_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+LINES WRITTEN AT WARWICK CASTLE.[6]
+
+BY CHARLES BADHAM, M.D. F.R.S.
+
+_Professor of Medicine in the University of Glasgow_.
+
+
+  I.
+
+  I leave thee, Warwick, and thy precincts grey,
+    Amidst a thousand winters still the same,
+  Ere tempests rend thy last sad leaves away,
+    And from thy bowers the native rock reclaim;
+  Crisp dews now glitter on the joyless field,
+    The gun's red disk now sheds no parting rays,
+  And through thy trophied hall the burnished shield
+    Disperses wide the swiftly mounting blaze.
+
+  II.
+
+  Thy pious paladins from Jordan's shore,
+    And all thy steel-clad barons are at rest;
+  Thy turrets sound to warder's tread no more;
+    Beneath their brow the dove hath hung her nest;
+  High on thy beams the harmless falchion shines;
+    No stormy trumpet wakes thy deep repose;
+  Past are the days that, on the serried lines
+    Around thy walls, saw the portcullis close.
+
+  III.
+
+  The bitter feud was quell'd, the culverin
+    No longer flash'd, us blighting mischief round,
+  But many an age was on those ivies green,
+    Ere Taste's calm eye had scann'd the gifted ground;
+  Bade the fair path o'er glade or woodland stray,
+    Bade Avon's swans through new Rialtos glide,
+  Forced through the rock its deeply channell'd way,
+    And threw, to Arts of peace, the portals wide.
+
+  IV.
+
+  But most to Her, whose light and daring hand
+    Can swiftly follow Fancy's wildest dream!
+  All times and nations in whose presence stand,
+    All that creation owns, her boundless theme!
+  And with her came the maid of Attic stole,
+    Untaught of dazzling schools the gauds to prize,
+  Who breathes in purest forms her calm control,
+    Heroic strength, and grace that never dies!
+
+
+  V.
+
+  Ye that have linger'd o'er each form divine,
+    Beneath the vault of Rome's unsullied sky,
+  Or where Bologna's cloister'd walls enshrine
+    Her martyr Saint--her mystic Rosary--
+  Of Arragon the hapless daughter view!
+    Scan, for ye may, that fine enamel near!
+  Such Catherine was, thus Leonardo drew--
+    Discern ye not the "Jove of painters" here?
+
+
+  VI.
+
+  Discern ye not the mighty master's power
+    In yon devoted Saint's uplifted eye?
+  That clouds the brow and bids already lour
+    O'er the First Charles the shades of sorrows nigh?
+  That now on furrow'd front of Rembrandt gleams,
+    Now breathes the rose of life and beauty there,
+  In the soft eye of Henrietta dreams,
+  And fills with fire the glance of Gondomar?
+
+
+  VII.
+
+  Here to Salvator's solemn pencil true,
+    Huge oaks swing rudely in the mountain blast;
+  Here grave Poussin on gloomy canvass threw
+    The lights that steal from clouds of tempest past;
+  And see! from Canaletti's glassy wave,
+    Like Eastern mosques, patrician Venice rise;
+  Or marble moles that rippling waters lave,
+    Where Claude's warm sunsets tinge Italian skies!
+
+
+  VIII.
+
+  Nor let the critic frown such themes arraign,
+    Here sleep the mellow lyre's enchanting keys;
+  Here the wrought table's darkly polish'd plain,
+    Proffers light lore to much-enduring ease;
+  Enamelled clocks here strike the silver bell;
+    Here Persia spreads the web of many dies;
+  Around, on silken couch, soft cushions swell,
+    That Stambol's viziers proud might not despise.
+
+
+  IX.
+
+  The golden lamp here sheds its pearly light,
+    Within the cedar'd panels, dusky pale;
+  No mirror'd walls the wandering glance invite,
+    No gauzy curtains drop the misty veil.
+  And there the vista leads of lessening doors,
+    And there the summer sunset's golden gleam
+  Along the line of darkling portrait pours,
+    And warms the polish'd oak or ponderous beam.
+
+
+  X.
+
+  Hark! from the depths beneath that proud saloon
+    The water's moan comes fitful and subdued,
+  Where in mild glory yon triumphant moon
+    Smiles on the arch that nobly spans the flood--
+  And here have kings and hoary statesmen gazed,
+    When spring with garlands deck'd the vale below,
+  Or when the waning year had lightly razed
+    The banks where Avon's lingering fountains flow.
+
+
+  XI.
+
+  And did no minstrel greet the courtly throng?
+    Did no fair flower of English loveliness
+  On timid lute sustain some artless song,
+    Her meek brow bound with smooth unbraided tress?
+  For Music knew not yet the stately guise,
+    Content with simplest notes to touch the soul,
+  Not from her choirs as when loud anthems rise,
+    Or when she bids orchestral thunders roll!
+
+
+  XII.
+
+  Here too the deep and fervent orison
+    Hath matron whisper'd for her absent lord,
+  Peril'd in civil wars, that shook the throne,
+    When every hand in England, clench'd the sword:--
+  And here, as tales and chronicles agree,
+    If tales and chronicles be deem'd sincere,
+  Fair Warwick's heiress smiled at many a plea
+    Of puissant Thane, or Norman cavalier.
+
+
+  XIII.
+
+  Or dost thou sigh for theme of classic lore
+    Midst arms and moats, and battlements and towers?
+  Behold the Vase! that, erst on Anio's shore,
+    Hath found a splendid home in Warwick's bowers:
+  To British meads ere yet the Saxon came,
+    The pomp of senates swept its pedestal,
+  And kings of many an Oriental name
+    Have seen its shadow, and are perish'd all!
+
+
+  XIV.
+
+  Haply it stood on that illustrious ground
+    Where circling columns once, in sculptur'd pride,
+  With fine volute or wreath'd acanthus crown'd,
+    Rear'd some light roof by Anio's plunging tide;
+  There, in the brightness of the votive fane
+    To rural or to vintage gods addrest,
+  Those vine clad symbols of Pan's peaceful reign
+    Amidst dark pines their sacred seats possess'd.
+
+
+  XV.
+
+  Or, did it break with soft and silvery shower
+    The silence of some marble solitude,
+  Where Adrian, at the fire fly's glittering hour,
+    Of rumour'd worlds to come the doubts review'd?
+  Go mark his tomb!--in that sepulchral mole
+    Scowls the fell bandit:--from its towering height
+  Old Tiber's flood reflects the girandole,
+    Midst bells, and shouts, and rockets' arrowy flight!
+
+
+  XVI.
+
+  Warwick, farewell! Long may thy fortunes stand,
+    And sires of sires hold rule within thy walls,
+  Thy streaming banners to the breeze expand,
+    And the heart's griefs pass lightly o'er thy halls!
+  May happier bards, on Avon's sedgy shore,
+    Sustain on nobler lyre thy poet's vow,
+  And all thy future lords (what can they more?)
+    Wear the green laurels of thy fame, as now!
+
+    [6] These lines will form a beautiful pendant to the picturesque
+        Engraving of WARWICK CASTLE, in No. 357 of the MIRROR--as well as
+        to the very interesting antiquarian description by our esteemed
+        correspondent _L.L._
+
+NOTES.
+
+One of the towers of Warwick Castle is complimented with the name of
+Guy's Tower; certain ponderous armour and utensils preserved in the lodge
+are also attributed to Guy; nobody, in short, thinks of Guy without
+Warwick, or of Warwick without Guy; "Arms and the Man" ought to have been
+emblazoned on the castle banner; and why should I hesitate to say, that
+one of the most amiable of children perpetuates the heroic name within
+its walls? Had this renowned adventurer been ambitious of patriarchal
+honours, his descendants might have extended the ancestral renown, and
+have furnished many a ballad of those good old times; but when the Saxon
+Ulysses had returned from his pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and made an end of
+Colbrand and the Dun Cow, his fancy was to take alms in disguise from his
+own fair lady, at his own castle gate, and then retire (_tous les goúts
+sont respectables_) to a certain hole or cave called Guy's Cliff, where
+he amused himself (in the intervals of rheumatism) for the rest of his
+natural life in counting his beads and ruminating on his sins, which, as
+he was a great traveller and a hero, might have been considerable.
+
+
+STANZA III.
+
+The following interesting passage is copied from a book of ordinary
+occurrence, in which it is cited without stating the authority. It is
+more than doubtful if any other nobleman in the kingdom, at that time or
+since, has projected or executed so much on his own property as the late
+Earl of Warwick:--
+
+"I purchased a magnificent collection of pictures by Vandyke, Rubens, &c.
+The marbles are not equalled, perhaps, in the kingdom. I made a noble
+approach to the castle through a solid rock, built a porter's lodge, and
+founded a library full of books, some valuable and scarce, all well
+chosen. I made an armoury, and built walls round the court and pleasure
+gardens. I built a noble green-house, and filled it with beautiful
+plants. I placed in it a vase, considered the finest remain of Grecian
+art, for its size and beauty. I made a noble lake, from 3 to 600 feet
+broad, and a mile long. I planted trees, now worth 100,000l., besides
+100 acres of ash. I built a stone bridge of 105 feet in span, every stone
+from 2,000 to 3,800 lbs in weight. The weight of the first tier on the
+centre was estimated at 1,000 tons. I gave the bridge to the town with no
+toll on it. I will not enumerate a great many other things done by me.
+Let Warwick Castle speak for itself."
+
+STANZA X.
+
+There is a _feeling of respect_ inspired by ancient buildings of
+importance. Such a castle as Warwick, which has lodged a succession of
+generations of the most opposite characters--at one time the "dulcis et
+quieti animi vir, et qui, cougruo suis moribus studio, vitam egit et
+clausit;" at another by the assassin of Piers de Gaveston, the king's
+favourite, "whose head he cut off upon Blacklow Hill, and gave the friars
+preachers the charge of his body, inasmuch as he had called the said earl
+the Black Dog of Arderne"--is not to be approached as one visits a
+handsome stone house of Palladian architecture!--such a house we know can
+never have been the scene either of council or conspiracy; within such
+walls there can never have been "latens odium inter regem et proceres, et
+præsecipuè inter comitem de Warwick et adhærentes ejusdem."
+
+As to the river and its swans. I have learned from the bard to whom it
+has been long since consecrated, (although he may not have had the right
+of fishing in it when alive,) that "discretion is the better part of
+valour."
+
+If I were to describe the walks, I should only say that they were
+contrived, as all walks ought to be, to let in the sun or to shut him out
+by turns. Here you rejoice in the fulness of his meridian strength, and
+here in the shadows of various depth and intensity, which a well disposed
+and happily contrasted sylvan population knows how to effect. The
+senatorial oak, the spreading sycamore, the beautiful plane, (which I
+never see without recollecting the channel of the Asopus and the woody
+sides of Oeta,) the aristocratic pine running up in solitary stateliness
+till it equal the castle turrets--all these, and many more, are admirably
+intermingled and contrasted, in plantations which establish, as every
+thing in and about the castle does, the consummate taste of the late
+earl, although it must be admitted he had the finest subjects to work
+upon, from the happy disposition of the ground. I shall never forget the
+first time I walked over them; a pheasant occasionally shifting his
+quarters at my intrusion, and making his noisy way through an ether so
+clear, so pure, so motionless, that the broad leaves subsided, rather
+than fell to the ground, without the least disturbance; the tall grey
+chimneys just breathing their smoke upon the blue element, which they
+scarcely stained; every green thing was beginning to wear the colour of
+decay, and many a tint of yellow, deepening into orange, made me sensible
+that "there be tongues in trees," if not "good in every thing." But
+Montaigne says nothing is useless, _not even inutility itself_.
+
+STANZA XIII.
+
+This superb work of antiquity must indeed be seen, to be sufficiently
+estimated: the great failure of that branch of the fine arts which is
+employed to represent all the rest, is in the inadequate idea of size
+which it must necessarily give where the objects to be represented are
+large.
+
+The marble vases now extant are, of course, comparatively few in number,
+and this is, perhaps, excepting the Medicean, the finest of them all. The
+best representations of it are those in Piranesi, three in number. One
+great, and conspicuous beauty of this vase consists in the elegantly
+formed handles, and in the artful insertion of the extreme branches of
+the vine-stems which compose them, into its margin, where they throw off
+a rich embroidery of leaves and fruit. A lion's skin, with the head and
+claws attached, form a sort of drapery, and the introduction of the
+thyrsus, the lituus, and three bacchanalian masks on each side, complete
+the embellishments. The capacity of this vase is 103 gallons, its
+diameter 9 feet, its pedestal of course modern. It was discovered in
+1770, in the draining of a mephitic lake within the enclosure of the
+Villa Adriana, called Laga di Pantanello. Lord Warwick had reason to be
+proud of his vase, which had this peculiarity, that, whereas almost every
+other object of art in the kingdom has been catalogued and sold over and
+over again, this vase passed (after a sufficiently long parenthesis of
+time) _immediately from the gardens of Adrian to his own!_
+
+_Blackwood's Magazine._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+Manners & Customs of all Nations.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+HEAVING.
+
+_(For the Mirror.)_
+
+
+They have a ludicrous custom in Staffordshire, at Easter, which they call
+heaving. The males claim Easter Monday, and the females Tuesday, and on
+this day a group of the latter assemble, and every male they meet with
+they seize, and one of them salutes him with a kiss, after which they all
+lay hold of him and heave him up as high as they can, for this they
+require some donation, which, if refused, they will seize his hat,
+handkerchief, or any thing they can lay hold of. This lasts till twelve
+o'clock. Sometimes old women collect together, and then woe be to the
+person who does not present them with a trifle, and thus stop their
+proceedings; for if not, their snuffy beaks might come in contact with
+their prisoners' lips. They often collect 10 or 12s. and spend it in
+carousing at night.
+
+W.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CONVICTS IN NEW SOUTH WALES.
+
+
+The regular hours of work are from sun-rise to sun-set; but so few
+settlers get up to see that this time is kept, that a much shorter period
+is generally employed in labour. The expense of maintaining a convict is
+rather a difficult calculation: where there are many men, they are, of
+course, supported at much less per man than where there are but few, from
+being able to buy slop clothes, tea, and the other necessaries, at
+wholesale prices, of the importing merchant. The waste, also, made by the
+convicts in their meat, &c. is a serious consideration: the head and
+entrails of animals slaughtered for their use, and which an English
+labourer would be glad of, are thrown away as only fit for the dogs;
+nothing but the body and legs are deemed sufficiently good for these
+dainty characters. Taking all expenses into consideration, I think that
+from 25l. to 30l. per man may be estimated as the annual
+cost--_Widowson's Present State of Van Dieman's Land_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THROWING STONES AT THE DEVIL.
+
+
+On arriving at Wady Muna, each nation encamped upon the spot which custom
+has assigned to it, at every returning Hadj. After disposing of the
+baggage, the hadjys hastened to the ceremony of throwing stones at the
+devil. It is said that, when Abraham or Ibrahim returned from the
+pilgrimage to Arafat, and arrived at Wady Muna, the devil Eblys presented
+himself before him at the entrance of the valley, to obstruct his
+passage; when the angel Gabriel, who accompanied the patriarch, advised
+him to throw stones at him, which he did, and after pelting him seven
+times, Eblys retired. When Abraham reached the middle of the valley, he
+again appeared before him, and, for the last time, at its western
+extremity, and was both times repulsed by the same number of stones.
+According to Azraky, the Pagan Arabs, in commemoration of this tradition,
+used to cast stones in this valley as they returned from the pilgrimage;
+and setup seven idols at Muna, of which there was one in each of the
+three spots where the devil appeared, at each of which they cast three
+stones. Mohammed, who made this ceremony one of the chief duties of the
+hadjys, increased the number of stones to seven. At the entrance of the
+valley, towards Mezdelfe, stands a rude stone pillar, or rather altar,
+between six or seven feet high, in the midst of the street, against which
+the first seven stones are thrown, as the place where the devil made his
+first stand: towards the middle of the valley is a similar pillar, and at
+its western end a wall of stones, which is made to serve the same
+purpose. The hadjys crowded in rapid succession round the first pillar,
+called "Djamrat el Awla;" and every one threw seven small stones
+successively upon it; they then passed to the second and third spots
+(called "Djamrat el Owsat," and "Djamrat el Sofaly," or "el Akaba," or
+"el Aksa,") where the same ceremony was repeated. In throwing the stones,
+they are to exclaim, "In the name of God; God is great (we do this) to
+secure ourselves from the devil and his troops." The stones used for
+this purpose are to be of the size of a horse-bean, or thereabouts; and
+the pilgrims are advised to collect them in the plain of Mezdelfe, but
+they may likewise take them from Muna; and many people, contrary to the
+law, collect those that have already been thrown.--_Burckhardt's
+Travels_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+THE GATHERER.
+
+  A snapper up of unconsidered trifles.
+
+SHAKSPEARE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE COACHMAN.
+
+
+The moment he has got his seat and made his start, you are struck at once
+with the perfect mastership of his art. The hand just over his left
+thigh, the arm without constraint, steady, and with a holding command
+that keeps his horses like clock-work; yet to a superficial observer
+quite with loose reins; so firm and compact he is, that you seldom
+observe any shifting, only to take a shorter purchase for a run down
+hill; his right hand and whip are beautifully in unison; the crop, if not
+in a direct line with the box, over the near wheel, raised gracefully up
+as it were to reward the near side horse; the thong--the thong after
+three twists, which appears in his hand to have been placed by the maker
+never to be altered or improved ...... and if the off-side horse becomes
+slack, to see the turn of his arm to reduce a twist, or to reverse, if
+necessary, is exquisite: after being _placed under the rib_, or upon the
+shoulder point, up comes the arm, and with it the thong returns to the
+elegant position upon the crop! I say elegant! the stick, highly polished
+yew--rather light--not too taper--yet elastic; a thong in clean order,
+pliable. All done without effort--merely a turn of the wrist!
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+At twelve o'clock at noon, on the day before Easter, the resurrection
+service begins at the Quirinal Chapel at Rome; when a curtain is drawn
+back, which conceals a picture of our Lord: bells ring, drums are beaten,
+guns are fired, and joy succeeds to mourning.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ACROSTIC ON "THE MIRROR."
+
+  MIRROR! methinks your name indeed is true
+  In every other point, except that you,
+  Resplendent with the wisdom of mankind,
+  Reflect not to the _sight_, but to the _mind_.
+  Oh! may success then to your pains accrue,
+  Rewarding all your merit with its due.
+
+D.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LOVE.
+
+  Love reigns the lord of every mortal heart;
+  He wounds the beggar, wounds the king,
+  And is the fairest, falsest thing,
+  That e'er excited joy, or bade a bosom smart.
+  Light as the wind, rough as the wave,
+  He's both a tyrant and a slave;
+  A fire that freezes, and a frost that's hot,
+  A bitter sweet, a luscious sour,
+  Wretched is he who knows his pow'r,
+  But far more wretched still is he who knows it not.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+TRUTH, A FABLE.
+
+At the gates of Sorbonne, Truth one day showed her face. The syndic met
+her. "What," said he, "do you want?" "Alas! hospitality." "Your name?"
+"My name is Truth." "Flee," said he, in anger, "flee, or I seek vengeance
+on your profaneness." "You chase me away," answered Truth; "but I live in
+hope to have my turn, being the spoiled child of Time, and gaining every
+thing by the means of my father."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The initial letters of the Latin names of the kings of Bonaparte's family
+form the Latin word _Nihil_, (nothing;) and this used to be called the
+genealogical acrostic:
+
+  L udovicus.
+  I osephus.
+  H ieronymus.
+  I oachim.
+  N apoleo.
+
+T.B.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE SUBTERFUGE.
+
+  "I vow, my dear Strephon," said Chloe one day,
+    While Damon lay hid in the bower,
+  "Yon sun that now gazes shall see a kiss given
+    To no one but thee from this hour."
+
+  Now Strephon is gone--and with mournful eye
+    Poor Damon upbraided the fair.
+  "Hush! blockhead," said Chloe, "the sun's now on high,
+    But d'ye think it will always be there?"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Lately published, with a Frontispiece, and thirty other Engravings, price
+5s.
+
+THE ARCANA OF SCIENCE, AND ANNUAL REGISTER OF THE USEFUL ARTS, FOR 1829.
+
+"This is a valuable register of the progress of science and arts during
+the past year. Engravings and a low price qualify it for extensive
+utility."--_Literary Gazette, March_ 21.
+
+"An agreeable and useful little volume."--_Athenæum, Feb_. 18.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand, (near Somerset House,)
+London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market, Leipsic; and by all
+Newsmen and Booksellers.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement,
+and Instruction, No. 366, by Various
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 12899 ***
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+  <title>The Mirror of Literature, Issue 366.</title>
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+<body>
+<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 12899 ***</div>
+
+ <hr class="full" />
+
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page257" id="page257"></a>[pg 257]</span>
+
+  <h1>THE MIRROR<br />
+  OF<br />
+  LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.</h1>
+  <hr class="full" />
+
+  <table width="100%" summary="Volume, Number, and Date">
+    <tr>
+      <td align="left"><b>Vol. XIII, No. 366.</b></td>
+      <td align="center"><b>SATURDAY, APRIL 18, 1829.</b></td>
+      <td align="right"><b>[PRICE 2d.</b></td>
+    </tr>
+  </table>
+  <hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+<h2>HARROW SCHOOL.</h2>
+
+
+<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"><a href="images/366-1.png"><img width="100%" src="images/366-1.png" alt="HARROW SCHOOL." /></a> HARROW SCHOOL.</div>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">To lofty HARROW now.&mdash;THOMSON.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+
+<p>Harrow-on-the-hill was a place of some consideration, even before the
+foundation of the scholastic establishment which now forms its principal
+boast. The Archbishops of Canterbury had an occasional residence here, in
+the centuries briefly succeeding the Norman Conquest; and they obtained
+for the inhabitants a weekly market, long since fallen into disuse.</p>
+
+<p>The <i>Free Grammar School</i> of Harrow, which now ranks amongst the eight
+great schools of England,<a id="footnotetag1" name="footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a> like most foundations of a similar nature,
+proceeded from a small beginning. In the 14th year of Elizabeth, John
+Lyon, a wealthy yeoman, of Preston, in this parish, procured letters
+patent, and special license from the crown, for the foundation of the
+school, to which for many years, he only contributed the sum of 30 marks
+annually; but in the year 1590, he developed his full intentions,
+provided for their observance, and drew up a code of regulations for the
+foundation. Among these provisions the following are curiously
+characteristic of the times:&mdash;The founder expresses his intention to
+build "meete and convenient Roomes for the said Schoole Mr and Usher to
+inhabite and dwell in; as also a large and convenient Schoole House, with
+a chimney in it. And, alsoe, a cellar under the said Roomes and Schoole
+House, to lay in wood and coales;" the master's salary he fixes at £26.
+13<i>s</i>. 4<i>d</i>. per annum, besides £3. 6<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>. on the 1st of May,
+towards his provision of fuel; the usher's at £13. 6<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>. with £3.
+6<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>. for fuel. The founder declares his desire that the School
+shall consist of a "meete and convenient number of schollers, as well of
+poor, to be taught freely," (which privilege he confines to the children
+of the inhabitants of Harrow;) "as of others, to be received for ye
+further profitt and commoditie of the schoole-master." The regulations
+provide for the government of the school with curious minuteness, and
+describe the number of forms; the books <span class="pagenum"><a name="page258" id="page258"></a>[pg 258]</span> and exercises allotted to
+each; the mode of correction; the hours of attendance; and the vacations
+and play days. They extend even to the amusements of the scholars, which
+are confined to "driving a top, tossing a hand-ball, running and
+shooting." For the purpose of this latter exercise, all parents are
+required to furnish their children with "bowstrings shafts, and
+bresters." In consequence of this regulation it was usual to hold an
+annual exhibition of Archery, on August 4, when the scholars contended
+for a silver arrow.<a id="footnotetag2" name="footnotetag2"></a><a href="#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a> Within the last fifty years this custom has been
+abolished and in its room has been substituted the delivery of annual
+orations before the assembled Governors.</p>
+
+<p>Such was the establishment of this celebrated seminary; and in the humble
+character of a parochial Free School it long remained, unknown except in
+its own immediate neighbourhood. The buildings appertaining to the School
+are not of an ornamental character. The original School-house represented
+in our engraving, has undergone no external alteration except the
+necessary repairs. It is a building of red brick having on the top a
+lion, the rebus of the founder's name. In the original arrangement of the
+interior, the lower portions only were used as school-rooms; the middle
+floor formed the residence of the master and usher, then the only
+teachers; whilst the upper story consisted of writing schools. The whole
+of the building is now appropriated to the exercises of the school, the
+pupils studying their lessons at the houses of their tutors, and
+assembling here for the purpose of examination.</p>
+
+<p>Harrow is consecrated ground; and we could easily select a long list of
+illustrious men educated within its walls. The first classical mention of
+Harrow as a school, is by William Baxter the learned author of the
+Glossary, and editor of several of the classics, who was educated here.
+Dr. Bennet, Bishop of Cloyne; Sir William Jones; Dr. Parr, who was born
+at Harrow; Rt. Hon. R.B. Sheridan; Mr. Perceval, and Lord Byron&mdash;shine
+forth in this list. Earl Spencer; the Marquess of Hastings; the Earl of
+Aberdeen; and Mr. Peel were likewise educated here.</p>
+
+<p>The greatest number of scholars who have been at any one time at Harrow,
+was in the year 1804, when the number of students amounted to 353. The
+present master is the Rev. Dr. Butler.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+
+<h3>DR. JOHNSON'S RESIDENCE, IN BOLT COURT.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>(For the Mirror)</i></h4>
+
+
+<p>It perhaps is not generally known, that the residence of the great
+"leviathan of literature," situate in Bolt-court, Fleet-street, was
+consumed by the fire which destroyed Messrs. Bensley's premises a few
+years ago; and that there are now no ostensible traces of the doctor's
+city retreat, save the site. The only vestige of the house is a piece of
+grotesquely carved wood, which ornamented the centre of the doorway, and
+which is now in possession of a gentleman in the neighbourhood. Part of
+the new printing-office, belonging to Messrs. Mills and Co., occupies a
+portion of the site, and the remainder forms a receptacle for coals. As
+if learning loved to linger amidst the forsaken haunts of departed
+genius, the place is still the scene of those efforts in propagating
+knowledge, without which it would be a sealed book. When looking upon the
+scene which has been consecrated by the presence and labours, the joys
+and sorrows, of such a man, how interesting are our reflections, marred
+as they may be by mournful impressions of "the mutability of human
+affairs." We feel a romantic regret that the genius of Johnson could not
+bestow an imperishability upon the spot; and preserve it from the
+casualties and decay of fire, and storm, and time. Here the unfortunate
+Savage has held his intellectual "<i>noctes</i>" and enlivened the old
+moralist with his mad philosophy. It was from this mansion that "the
+Bastard" roused the doctor on the memorable night (or morn) when they set
+out on one of those frolicsome perambulations, which genius, in its
+weakness and misgivings, sometimes indulges, and which was worthy of the
+days of modern Corinthianism. We can imagine the sleepy, solemn face of
+Johnson, the meagre phiz of Savage, and the more rotund features of
+Boswell, around the board, and the doctor's beloved tea-kettle singing
+its harmonious and solacing solo on the blazing "ingle." Inspecting more
+minutely the features of the visionary picture, we might behold the
+oracle of learning when about to deliver his opinion, perhaps, on the
+artificial fire of Gray, or the feeling and simplicity of Goldsmith: his
+opening eyes and unclosing lips; the "harsh thunder" of his articulation,
+and the horrisonous stamp of his ample foot, impress us with the same
+reverence which was felt by his literary visitants. It was here,
+doubtless, where the Herculean task of compiling his dictionary was
+achieved; the monotony of which was relieved by writing the
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page259" id="page259"></a>[pg 259]</span>
+periodical papers of his Guardian, and the more flowery composition of
+poetry and biography. But he is gone, and though the mist of years may
+obscure his personal history, and vicissitudes annihilate his household
+memorials, yet his morality and piety, his unparalleled labour and
+patient endurance, but chief of all, his brilliant and versatile genius,
+will perish but with the annals of humanity. His fame</p>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">"From sire to son shall speed; from clime to clime,</p>
+<p class="i2">Outstripping death upon the wings of time!"</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>** H.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>COMMON RIGHTS.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>(To the Editor of the Mirror.)</i></h4>
+
+
+<p>As the columns of your MIRROR are a treasury of instruction, perhaps it
+may not be thought amiss, or unworthy its pages, to record the advances
+of science in the land we live in. I have long since heard of our
+American brethren possessing the wonderful art of "launching" as the term
+is, their habitations; but I was not aware that my friends on this side
+the water had arrived at such a height on the hill of invention, until a
+few weeks back, when travelling in the western part of Dorsetshire,
+through the small village of <i>Pulham</i>, in that county; a neat,
+comfortable-looking cottage was pointed out for my observation, and which
+I was assured by many creditable persons, who had witnessed the
+performance, was, in the year 1826, chimneys, windows, and altogether,
+removed, without sustaining any injury, the distance of nearly two miles.
+The power employed was that of ten horses. The spot where it was intended
+originally to stand, was pointed out to me, being a piece of waste land
+called <i>Lydlinch Common</i>. I inquired what motive could have induced the
+proprietor to coach it off in such a novel manner, and the following
+account I received "under the rose."</p>
+
+<p>The brother of the person whose ingenuity has thus exerted itself,
+possessed a small property bordering on the aforesaid common. But to
+understand my story, you must know that the peasantry of the west of
+England, imbibe a notion, whether erroneous or not, I am not learned
+enough to say, that if a person builds on waste lands, and is permitted
+to proceed uninterrupted by the Lord of the Manor, or any other person,
+until he has roofed and occupied it, or as they express it "made a smoke
+in it" that the builder has an indisputable right to it. Now the man
+willing to act on this principle, set his wits to work and constructed a
+house on his brother's property beforementioned, on a movable foundation,
+such as I am unable to describe; and when completed, he, in the course of
+one night launched it over the hedge fairly into the common, and the next
+morning found him busily employed in making the smoke that was, according
+to village laws, to establish him in his newly acquired habitation; and
+no doubt he would have continued quietly in the same place to this day,
+had not a neighbouring 'squire took it into his head to teach this
+commentator on the law, another version of its intricacies, and finally
+caused him to set his house a-going once more, which it did in the manner
+aforesaid, to a bit of land to which he had a more legal right, and where
+it now stands.</p>
+
+<p>Wonderful as this relation may seem, its truth may be relied on, and any
+reader of the MIRROR, travelling, or having friends in that part of the
+country, may easily ascertain the truth of my statement. The house at
+present stands near the highway leading from Sturminster to Sherborne,
+about five or six miles from the former, and six or seven from the
+latter.</p>
+
+<p>RURIS.</p>
+
+<p><i>Blandford, April 9, 1829.</i></p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>ORIGIN OF SIGNS.&mdash;CAT AND THE FIDDLE.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>(To the Editor of the Mirror.)</i></h4>
+
+
+<p>No part of the history of civilized nations is involved in such deep
+obscurity as the origin and progress of their names. I do not mean their
+names of men and women, the etymology of which are easy; for any stupid
+fellow can see with half an eye that Xisuthrus and Noah are one and the
+same person; and that Thoth can only be Hermes; nor is there any
+discernable difference between Pelagius and Morgan; <i>tout celà va sans se
+dire</i>, but when we come to account for the names of places or of signs,
+then indeed are we lost in a vast field of metaphysical disquisition and
+conjectural criticism. The <i>Spectator</i>, your worthy predecessor, threw
+much light upon the science, but still he left it in its infancy. To be
+sure, he traced the Bull and Mouth to the Boulogne Mouth, but I don't
+remember that he made many other discoveries in this <i>terrâ incognitâ</i>.
+However, he hinted that the roots of most of these old saws were to be
+found in the French language, or rather in the jargon spoken by the
+would-be-fine people, in imitation of the court, and by them called
+French. Neither the <i>Spectator</i>, however, nor any of his periodical
+imitators have ever found <span class="pagenum"><a name="page260" id="page260"></a>[pg 260]</span> out why a certain headland, bare as the
+back of my hand, should be dignified with the appellation of Beechey
+Head; unless indeed, according to the Eton grammar, our ancestors used
+the rule of <i>lucus a non lucendo</i>. The reason, however, is to be found in
+the French language, and Beechey Head is the present guide of the old
+<i>beau chef</i>, whereby this point was once known. The <i>Spectator</i> also, if
+I remember right, declared the old sign of the <i>Cat and the Fiddle</i> to be
+quite beyond his comprehension. In truth, no two objects in the world
+have less to do with each other than a cat and a violin, and the only
+explanation ever given of this wonderful union, appears to be, that once
+upon a time, a gentleman kept a house with the sign of a Cat, and a lady
+one, with the sign of a Fiddle, or <i>vice versâ</i>. That these two persons
+fell in love, married, and set up an Inn, which to commemorate their
+early loves, they called the Cat and the Fiddle. Such reasoning is
+exceedingly poetical, and also (mind, <i>also</i>, not <i>therefore</i>)
+exceedingly nonsensical. No, Sir, the Cat and the Fiddle is of greater
+antiquity. Did you ever read the History of Rome? Of Rome! yes, of Rome.
+Thence comes the Cat and the Fiddle, in somewhat a roundabout way
+perhaps, but so it is:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Vixtrix causa Diis placuit, sed victa Catoni.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>Cato was faithful to the sacred cause of liberty, and disdained to
+survive it; and now for the fiddle. In the days of good Queen Bess, when
+those who had borne the iron yoke of Mary, ventured forth and gloried in
+that freedom of conscience which had lately been denied them, a jolly
+innkeeper having lately cast off the shackles of the old religion,
+likened himself to the old Roman, and wrote over his door <i>l'Hostelle du
+Caton fidelle</i>. The hostelle and its sign lasted longer than the worthy
+gentleman, and having gone shockingly to decay, was many years after
+re-established. But alas! the numerous French words once mixed with our
+language had vanished, barbarized, and ground down into a heterogeneous
+mass of sounds; and <i>le Caton fidelle</i> was no longer known to his best
+friends when resuscitated under the anomalous title of the Cat and
+Fiddle!!</p>
+
+<p>XX.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>THE BLIND GIRL.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4>
+
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">As fair a thing as e'er was form'd of clay.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>BYRON.</p>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Sweet wanderer&mdash;we have known her long!</p>
+<p class="i4">And often on our ear,</p>
+<p class="i2">Has gush'd the cadence of her song,</p>
+<p class="i4">As if some stream were near.</p>
+<p class="i2">Her path was through our tranquil dell,</p>
+<p class="i2">When breezes kiss'd the curfew bell.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">We gaz'd upon the golden hair,</p>
+<p class="i4">That o'er her white brow shone,</p>
+<p class="i2">And beauty's tinge had cluster'd there,</p>
+<p class="i4">A grace unlike its own.</p>
+<p class="i2">We call'd it beautiful&mdash;that brow!</p>
+<p class="i2">But rayless were the eyes below.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Those pale dim eyes, we would have given</p>
+<p class="i4">Our flowers to see them glow&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i2">They slept, as sleeps the summer heaven,</p>
+<p class="i4">When the sun waxeth low:</p>
+<p class="i2">And soft her glossy lashes were,</p>
+<p class="i2">As stars within the crystal air.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Oh, call her not a phantom form,</p>
+<p class="i4">Of deep sepulchral spells;</p>
+<p class="i2">Her maiden lips with life are warm,</p>
+<p class="i4">And thought within her dwells&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i2">Thought, holy as the light that lies</p>
+<p class="i2">In the rapt martyr's lifted eyes.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Her home&mdash;'tis far away from her,</p>
+<p class="i4">Its quiet porch is lone,</p>
+<p class="i2">And the sunny wind no more shall stir</p>
+<p class="i4">Its streamlet's silver tone.</p>
+<p class="i2">The zephyrs there, their incense wreathe,</p>
+<p class="i2">But, o'er her hair they shall not breathe.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Her sire reposeth in the wave,</p>
+<p class="i4">Beneath an Indian sky;</p>
+<p class="i2">The violets fringe her mother's grave,</p>
+<p class="i4">And there, her sisters lie!</p>
+<p class="i2">And we will waft to heaven our prayers,</p>
+<p class="i2">When her pure dust is mix'd with theirs.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2"><i>Deal</i>.      REGINALD AUGUSTINE.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>WINE.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4>
+
+
+<p>Sir,&mdash;I am induced to send you the following, in consequence of reading
+an article upon <i>wine</i> in No. 352, page 45 of your interesting work.</p>
+
+<p>The article appears to have been written with a view of inducing a more
+frequent use of that wholesome and invigorating beverage by adducing a
+host of respectable names of antiquity. But I am somewhat inclined to
+believe, that notwithstanding the classic lore and learned style in which
+the article appears, that many there are, whose adverse temper, and whom
+the present "march of intellect" has so far rendered callous to
+<i>authoritative</i> conviction, that they still remain sceptics of the
+extraordinary good qualities and virtues, which the ancients believed
+this beverage to contain; only because they have thought fit to adhere to
+the common adage, that no opinion ought to be received upon men's
+authority, without a sufficient reason assigned for its correctness. It
+is with this view of the subject then, that I venture to make the few
+following observations. In the first place, we will briefly consider the
+nature and chemical properties of wines, <span class="pagenum"><a name="page261" id="page261"></a>[pg 261]</span> and then their tendency
+and action upon the constitution.</p>
+
+<p>The characteristic ingredient of all wines is alcohol, the proportion and
+quality of which, and the state and combination in which it exists,
+constitute the essential properties of the numerous kinds of wines. The
+colour of the red wines is produced from the husk of the grape, they
+being used during fermentation; on the contrary, the colourless wines are
+those where the husk of the grape is not used during the process of
+fermentation. The colouring matter produced from the husks is highly
+astringent, consequently the red and white wines are very different in
+their qualities, and very different in their effect on the stomach.</p>
+
+<p>All wines contain more or less acid; for British wines are considered
+less salubrious than those of foreign, from their having an excess of
+malic acid, which our fruits contain. The foreign wines are reckoned
+superior in quality, in consequence of their containing an excess of
+tartaric acid, their fruit containing a greater portion of this acid than
+does ours. Wines during fermentation, if improperly managed, will produce
+<i>acetic acid</i>, which will greatly deteriorate their quality.</p>
+
+<p>Various have been the opinions of eminent men on the effects of wine upon
+the constitution. It would be needless to enter into a detailed account
+of all those who have written for or against its utility; the following,
+from a modern eminent writer <i>against</i> the use of wines will suffice, and
+serve to show that the opponents to wine-drinking have at least some
+reason on their side. Mr. Beddoes, states, in his "Hygeia," vol. ii, p.
+35, that an ingenious surgeon tried the following experiment:&mdash;He gave
+two of his children for a week alternately after dinner, to the one a
+full glass of sherry, and to the other a large China orange; the effects
+that followed were sufficient to prove the <i>injurious tendency</i> of vinous
+liquors. In the one the pulse was quickened, the heat increased; whilst
+the other had every appearance that indicated high health; the same
+effect followed when the experiment was reversed. This certainly is a
+formidable objection, but let us before drawing a final conclusion,
+examine the opposite arguments.</p>
+
+<p>Wines, and, indeed, all fermented liquors have an antiseptic quality.
+They act in direct opposition to putrefaction, and in proportion to the
+quantity of alcohol which they contain, so will be their value and
+beneficial tendency. Now the circulating fluids of our system have a
+continual tendency to putrefaction; and the food we take, both animal
+and vegetable, tends to produce this effect; if, therefore, something of
+an antiseptic nature, or of a nature in direct opposition to this
+principle be not received, the fluids would ultimately become a mass of
+corruption, with the extinction of life. If we meet with an individual
+whose habits are abstemious, as regards the drinking of wines or
+fermented liquors, we generally discover him to have a great predilection
+for that valuable commodity <i>salt</i>, which article being in its nature
+antiseptic, answers the same purpose as wine. Therefore, the labouring
+man, whose narrow circumstances prohibit him from the advantage of a
+daily use of wine, by taking with his food a sufficient quantity of salt,
+and his apportioned quantity of malt liquor, retains his vigour and
+strength of body equally with those whose more ample means render them
+capable of acquiring the necessary quantity of wine daily. Doctor Barry
+mentions an experiment made on a soldier, who was hired to live entirely
+for some days on wild fowl,<a id="footnotetag3" name="footnotetag3"></a><a href="#footnote3"><sup>3</sup></a> with water only to drink; he received in
+the beginning his reward and diet with great cheerfulness, but this was
+soon succeeded by nausea, thirst, and disposition to putrid dysentery,
+which was with some difficulty prevented from making further progress, by
+the physician who made the experiment. Again, he remarks, "I knew a
+person who, by the advice of his physician abstained for some years
+entirely from <i>salt</i>, drank chiefly <i>water</i>, and used freely an animal
+diet, and by that means acquired a violent scurvy; he was, after some
+time, relieved by a strict regimen of diet and medicine, and as he
+afterwards used salt and vegetables with animal food, and drank wine more
+freely, never had a return of the disorder." It is therefore evident,
+that a <i>moderate</i> use of wine tends to promote health, and keeps off the
+numerous train of disorders, to which the constitution of man is subject,
+thereby lessening the evils incidental to human nature. We can then
+exclaim with Virgil of wine,</p>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">"Deus ille malis hominum mitescere discat."</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>S.S.T.</p>
+
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+<h2>THE SKETCH-BOOK.</h2>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+
+<h3>MY FIRST LOVE.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4>
+
+
+
+<p>She was amiable, accomplished, fascinating, beautiful; yet her's were
+beauties <span class="pagenum"><a name="page262" id="page262"></a>[pg 262]</span> which description cannot heighten; fascinations which
+language were vain to embellish. There was soul in her deep hazel eye as
+its flashes broke through their long, dark, encircling fringe; her jetty
+locks waved harmoniously, contrasting with the virgin snow of the
+forehead they wreathed in glossy luxuriance, the unclouded smile played
+on her lip like the zephyr over a bed of gossamer, or a sunbeam on the
+cheek of Aurora.</p>
+
+<p>Scarce eleven summers had passed over my head when I first saw Annette.
+She was by about three years my elder. Young, though I was, I was not
+insensible; she rivetted my gaze, I felt an emotion I could not
+comprehend&mdash;cannot describe&mdash;as it were love in the germ just beginning
+to expand, waiting but for the genial warmth of a few summer suns to
+nourish and bring it to maturity. We parted, still her image pursued me,
+the recollection was sweet, and I loved to cherish it.</p>
+
+<p>Four years had elapsed; we again met. My soul thrilled with delight in
+beholding, in contemplating, her perfections! How was that delight
+increased when I saw her countenance shed its loveliest smiles, her eye
+pour its heavenliest beams&mdash;on <i>me</i>&mdash;happy presumption&mdash;I loved. <i>We</i>
+loved; but words spoke not our love. No, each read it in the burning
+glances that were reciprocated&mdash;in the spirit-breathing sighs that would
+ever and anon steal forth&mdash;spite of suppression. Let me shorten the tale
+of rapture. She was mine; Annette was mine&mdash;mine undividedly. SHE IS MINE
+NO LONGER. Ask not the cause. I was infuriated, befooled, infatuated; my
+own "hands threw the pearl away;" my own lips gave, sealed the sentence,
+that robbed me for ever, ay, for ever, of a heart&mdash;a treasure, it had
+been heaven to possess. SHE IS MINE NO LONGER&mdash;yet a pleasure it is, a
+melancholy pleasure, how I love it, to recall those moments of refined,
+of voluptuous enjoyment, my sole remaining happiness, that they <i>were</i>,
+my bitterest pang, that they <i>are not</i>&mdash;moments, when amid the busy
+circle&mdash;scarce could the eagle glance of surrounding observation control
+the bursting emotions of the soul, or, oh, more blest&mdash;moments of
+solitude&mdash;where those motions broke forth, unobserved, unrestrained. SHE
+IS MINE NO LONGER. Yet Annette sleeps not in the sombre grave. A blast,
+not of death, but more dire, hath scattered those hopes, too
+unsubstantially fond to be realized: a chill not of the grave, but more
+piercing, hath nipped those blossoms of happiness, too ethereally
+delicate for earth. Still Annette lives, beautiful as ever, enchanting
+as ever, lives, but for another. Stay, let me recall that word, I wrong
+her; it must not, cannot be; her <i>heart</i> is not, never shall be his; with
+mine it hath lost its <i>one</i> resting place, and like the dove, seeks not
+another. Cruel fate, but I have ceased to repine&mdash;ceased to regret.</p>
+
+<p>IOTA.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+<h2>Select Biography.</h2>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>MEMOIR OF BOLIVAR.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>(Concluded from page 213.)</i></h4>
+
+
+<p>Early in 1818, the supreme chief, after concentrating his forces, marched
+rapidly to Calabozo, and arrived before Morillo was aware that he had
+quitted Angostura. The Spanish general effected his retreat to Aragua.
+The supreme chief came up with him at La Usirrael, but could make but a
+slight impression on the enemy, on account of the strength of his
+position. Another rencontre occurred at Sombrero. Morillo retired to
+Valencia; and Bolivar took possession of the valleys of Aragua. Thence he
+detached a strong division to take San Fernando de Apure, in order to
+complete the conquest of the Llanos. Upon this the Spaniards advanced.
+The two armies met at Semen. Morillo was wounded, and the royalist army
+put to flight. The pursuit being indiscreetly conducted by the patriots,
+and a fresh royalist division arriving to support Morillo, the fortune of
+the day was changed. Each party was alternately defeated, and both
+rallied their dispersed corps to reengage at Ortiz.</p>
+
+<p>The division which succeeded in capturing San Fernando had an indecisive
+affair at Cojedes. Others of the same character took place at El Rincon
+del Toro, and other places. At the close of this campaign, the Spaniards
+held Aragua, and the patriots San Fernando. Thus the former possessed the
+most fertile provinces of Venezuela, and all New Granada; while the
+latter were reduced to the Llanos and Guayana. Arms were sent to General
+Santander, who was endeavouring to raise a division in Casanare.</p>
+
+<p>In 1819, the various corps united in San Fernando, where the supreme
+chief devoted his labours to the regulation of civil affairs. He invited
+the provinces to send deputies to Angostura, to form a general congress,
+and then delegated his powers to a council of government to act in his
+absence.</p>
+
+<p>With four or five thousand men, the supreme chief opened the campaign
+against Morillo, who had six or seven thousand. Twelve hundred British
+troops arrived at <span class="pagenum"><a name="page263" id="page263"></a>[pg 263]</span>
+Margarita from England. They had been
+engaged in London by Colonel English, and were equipped and sent out by
+Messrs. Herring and Richardson; besides these, eight hundred others also
+arrived at Angostura. The latter were engaged by Captain Elsom, and sent
+out by Messrs. Hurry, Powles, and Hurry; the greater part were disbanded
+soldiers from the British army, reduced on the return of the troops from
+France.<a id="footnotetag4" name="footnotetag4"></a><a href="#footnote4"><sup>4</sup></a> These volunteers were equipped in the most efficient manner.
+With these expeditions large supplies of spare arms were sent to assist
+the cause of independence. Bolivar, in his speech to congress, thus
+expresses himself on this subject:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>"For these important advantages we are indebted to the unbounded
+liberality of some generous foreigners, who, hearing the groans of
+suffering humanity, and seeing the cause of freedom, reason, and justice
+ready to sink, would not remain quiet, but flew to our succour with their
+munificent aid and protection, and furnished the republic with every
+thing needful to cause their philanthropical principles to flourish.
+Those friends of mankind are the guardian geniuses of America, and to
+them we owe a debt of eternal gratitude, as well as a religious
+fulfilment of the several obligations contracted with them."</p>
+
+<p>Bolivar, leaving the army in command of General Paez, repaired to
+Angostura. As Morillo advanced, Paez, agreeable to orders, retired
+towards the Orinoco, detaching a few guerillas to harass the Spaniards in
+the rear.</p>
+
+<p>General Urdaneta was appointed to command the recently arrived British
+legion in Margarita, which was to act on the side of Caracas, in order to
+draw off the attention of Morillo from the Llanos.</p>
+
+<p>On the 15th of February, 1819, congress was installed at Angostura. The
+supreme chief pronounced an eloquent discourse, and resigned his
+authority. Congress immediately, and unanimously, elected him president
+of the republic.</p>
+
+<p>Early in March, the president rejoined the army, which was very much
+reduced by sickness. On the 27th, he defeated the vanguard of the
+Spaniards. Adopting a desultory system of warfare, he obliged them to
+recross the Apure, having lost half their original numbers.</p>
+
+<p>While Morillo remained in winter quarters, the president traversed the
+vast plains of the Apure and Casanare, which are rendered almost
+impassable by inundations from the month of May to the end of August. In
+Casanare, the president formed a junction with the division of Santander,
+two thousand strong. Santander had, from the commencement of the
+revolution, dedicated himself with enthusiastic constancy to the cause of
+his country. He now expelled the Spaniards from their formidable position
+of Paya, and opened the way for the president to cross the terrific
+Andes, in effecting which, nearly a fourth of his army perished from the
+effects of cold and excessive fatigue.</p>
+
+<p>On the 11th of July, the president attacked the royal army at Gamarra.
+After a long engagement, the Spanish general Barrero retired, and did not
+again offer battle, except in positions almost inaccessible. Bonza was
+invested by the patriots for some days in sight of both armies. The
+president, by a flank movement, brought the Spaniards to action on the
+25th of July, at Bargas. The Spaniards, though superior in numbers, and
+advantageously posted, gave way, and the president obtained a complete
+victory. His inferior forces, however, and the nature of the country, did
+not allow him to make the most of this glorious success; but he obtained
+a thousand recruits, and marched to interpose between the defeated
+Barrero and the viceroy Samano, who, with all the disposable force south
+of Bogotá, was about to support Barrero. The result of the president's
+daring and masterly movement was the battle of Boyaca, fought on the 7th
+of August, and which has been called the <i>birth of Colombia</i>. In this
+battle, the English troops, under the command of Major Mackintosh,
+greatly distinguished themselves. The gallant major was promoted by the
+liberator on the field. In three days afterwards the president entered
+Bogotá in triumph, and, within a short period, eleven provinces of New
+Granada announced their adhesion to the cause of independence.</p>
+
+<p>Bolivar repaired to Angostura, where he once more resigned his authority
+to the representatives of the people, and laid on their floor the
+trophies of the last campaign. On the 25th of December, 1819, congress,
+at the suggestion of the president, decreed that thenceforth Venezuela
+and New Granada should form one republic, under the denomination of
+COLOMBIA. At the same time it conferred upon Bolivar the title of
+LIBERATOR OF COLOMBIA, and re-elected him president of the republic.</p>
+
+<p>In March, 1820, he arrived at Bogotá, and occupied himself until August
+in the <span class="pagenum"><a name="page264" id="page264"></a>[pg 264]</span> organization of the army cantoned at various points between
+Cucuta and San Fernando de Apure.</p>
+
+<p>The Spanish revolution, which originated in the Isla de Leon, inspired
+the South Americans with new hopes. These were raised still higher by the
+solicitude of Morillo to negotiate an armistice; but Bolivar, refusing to
+treat upon any other basis than that of independence, marched to the
+department of the Magdalena, reviewed the besieging force before
+Carthagena, and reinforced the division of the south, destined to act
+against Popayan and Quito. The president drove the Spaniards from the
+provinces of Merida and Truxillo, and established his winter headquarters
+at the latter town. On the 26th of November, the president concluded an
+armistice of six months with Morillo, who engaged that, on the renewal of
+hostilities, the war should be carried on, conformably to the practice of
+civilized nations.</p>
+
+<p>In the beginning of the year 1821, the liberator went to Bogotá, to
+attend to the affairs of the south; when hearing of the arrival at
+Caracas of Spanish commissioners to treat for peace, he returned to
+Truxillo; but no terms were then agreed upon. In the meanwhile, the
+province of Maracaybo shook off the Spanish yoke. Morillo having departed
+for Europe, General La Torre, a brave and very superior man, succeeded to
+the command of the royal army, and made strong remonstrances against the
+movement in the province of Maracaybo, which he deemed an infraction of
+the armistice, and hostilities in consequence recommenced. The liberator
+concentrated his forces in Varinas; he detached a division to the coast
+under General Urdaneta, and another to the east, under General Bermudez,
+to divide the attention of the enemy, and marched himself against
+Caracas. On the 24th of June, the liberator attacked and defeated the
+Spaniards, who had taken up a strong position at Carabobo. The numbers on
+both sides were nearly equal. This battle decided the fate of Colombia.
+The victorious liberator entered Caracas on the 29th. On the 2nd of July,
+La Guayra also surrendered to him.</p>
+
+<p>Leaving a besieging division before Puerto Cabello, the liberator went to
+Cucuta, where he resigned once more the office of president of the
+republic, which, in admiration of his disinterestedness, instantly
+re-elected him.</p>
+
+<p>When the province of Guayaquil declared itself independent, it solicited
+the assistance of Bolivar against the Spaniards in Quito. A small
+division was accordingly sent there.</p>
+
+<p>The liberator, having signed the constitution sanctioned by congress,
+obtained leave to direct the war in the south. In January, 1822, he put
+himself at the head of the army in Popayan, and sent a reinforcement to
+General Sucre in Guayaquil.</p>
+
+<p>In the month of March, the liberator moved against the province of Pasto,
+the inhabitants of which country are surpassed in bravery by no people in
+the world, but who adhered with blind attachment to the ancient regime.
+The liberator, having overcome the obstacles presented by nature in the
+valleys of Patia, and the formidable river Guanabamba, arrived in front
+of Bombona. The <i>Pastusos</i> (inhabitants of the province of Pasto) had
+here taken up a strong position, supported by the Spanish troops. They
+were vigorously attacked; but every charge made in front was repulsed. It
+was not until the rifle battalion, commanded by the able Colonel Sands,
+outflanked the <i>Pastusos</i>, that victory declared for Bolivar; but his
+army had suffered so severely, that, instead of immediately following up
+the fugitives through a hostile country, it fell back a short distance.</p>
+
+<p>Whilst these operations were going on, Sucre liberated the provinces of
+Loja and Cuenca, and, on the 24th of May, gained the victory of
+Pinchincha, which gave independence to Quito. In the same year Carthagena
+and Cumaná, surrendered to the liberating forces in Venezuela.</p>
+
+<p>The liberator entered Quito on the 16th of June. His attention was soon
+attracted to the discontents which had arisen at Guayaquil, where the
+Colombians had become unpopular. His excellency proceeded to that town,
+and, under his auspices, the provisional government annexed the province
+to Colombia.</p>
+
+<p>One of the results of the interview which took place between the
+protector of Peru and the liberator of Colombia was the sending of an
+auxiliary force of two thousand Colombians to Lima; but the junta, which
+proceeded to the protectorate, ordered the Colombian troops to return to
+Guayaquil. The president Riva Aguero, who succeeded to the junta, applied
+for an auxiliary Colombian division of six thousand men, and invited
+Bolivar to take the command of all the military forces in Peru. The
+Colombian troops were sent to Lima. General Bolivar obtained leave from
+the congress at Bogotá to go to Peru&mdash;the grand scene of his subsequent
+triumphs.</p>
+
+<p>The person of Bolivar is thin, and somewhat below the middle size. He
+dresses in good taste, and has an easy military walk. He is a very bold
+rider, and capable of undergoing great fatigue. His <span class="pagenum"><a name="page265" id="page265"></a>[pg 265]</span> manners are good,
+and his address unaffected, but not very prepossessing. It is said that,
+in his youth, he was rather handsome. His complexion is sallow; his hair,
+originally very black, is now mixed with gray. His eyes are dark and
+penetrating, but generally downcast, or turned askance, when he speaks;
+his nose is well formed, his forehead high and broad, the lower part of
+the face is sharp; the expression of the countenance is careworn,
+lowering, and sometimes rather fierce. His temper, spoiled by adulation,
+is fiery and capricious. His opinions of men and things are variable. He
+is rather prone to personal abuse, but makes ample amends to those who
+will put up with it. Towards such his resentments are not lasting. He is
+a passionate admirer of the fair sex, but jealous to excess. He is fond
+of waltzing, and is a very quick, but not a very graceful dancer. His
+mind is of the most active description. When not more stirringly
+employed, he is always reading, dictating letters, &amp;c., or conversing.
+His voice is loud and harsh, but he speaks eloquently on most subjects.
+His reading has been principally confined to French authors; hence the
+Gallic idioms so common in his productions. He is an <i>impressive</i> writer,
+but his style is vitiated by an affectation of grandeur. Speaking so well
+as he does, it is not wonderful that he should be more fond of hearing
+himself talk than of listening to others, and apt to engross conversation
+in the society he receives. He entertains numerously, and no one has more
+skilful cooks, or gives better dinners; but he is himself so very
+abstemious, in both eating and drinking, that he seldom takes his place
+at his own table until the repast is nearly over, having probably dined
+in private upon a plain dish or two. He is fond of giving toasts, which
+he always prefaces in the most eloquent and appropriate manner; and his
+enthusiasm is so great, that he frequently mounts his chair, or the
+table, to propose them. Although the cigar is almost universally used in
+South America, Bolivar never smokes, nor does he permit smoking in his
+presence. He is never without proper officers in waiting, and keeps up a
+considerable degree of etiquette. Disinterested in the extreme with
+regard to pecuniary affairs, he is insatiably covetous of fame. Bolivar
+invariably speaks of England, of her institutions, and of her great men,
+in terms of admiration. He often dwells with great warmth upon the
+constancy, fidelity, and sterling merit of the English officers who have
+served in the cause of independence, under every varying event of the
+war. A further proof of his predilection towards England is that he has
+always had upon his personal staff a number of British subjects.</p>
+
+<p>&mdash;<i>Memoirs of General Miller</i>.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+<h2>Fine Arts.</h2>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+
+<h3>EXHIBITIONS AT THE BAZAAR,</h3>
+
+<h3><i>Oxford Street</i>.</h3>
+
+<h3>THE BRITISH DIORAMA.</h3>
+
+
+<p>On Saturday, the 11th, there was a private view of four new pictures, by
+Stanfield and Roberts, at this very interesting lounge. They consist of</p>
+
+<p>1. <i>The City of York, with the Minster on fire</i>&mdash;a picturesque view of
+the cathedral, with a mimic display of the conflagration, the accuracy of
+which will make the property-man of the Opera tremble.</p>
+
+<p>2. <i>The Temple of Apollinopolis, in Egypt</i>, a magnificent picture of
+Egyptian architecture&mdash;"noble in decay." The splendid leaved capitals of
+the pillars reminded us of the following, which we had that morning read
+in the <i>Journal of a Naturalist</i>:&mdash;"No portion of creation," says the
+author, "has been resorted to by mankind with more success for the
+ornament and decoration of their labours, than the vegetable world. The
+rites, emblems, and mysteries of religion; national achievements,
+eccentric marks, and the capricious visions of fancy, have all been
+wrought by the hand of the sculptor, on the temple, the altar, or the
+tomb; but plants, their foliage, flowers, or fruits, as the most
+graceful, varied, and pleasing objects that meet our view, have been more
+universally the object of design, and have supplied the most beautiful,
+and perhaps the earliest, embellishments of art. The pomegranate, the
+almond, and flowers, were selected even in the wilderness, and by divine
+appointment, to give form to the sacred utensils; the rewards of merit,
+the wreath of the victor, were arboraceous; in later periods, the
+acanthus, the ivy, the lotus, the vine, the palm, and the oak, flourished
+under the chisel, or beneath the loom of the artist; and in modern days,
+the vegetable world affords the almost exclusive decorations of ingenuity
+and art."</p>
+
+<p>3. <i>Entrance to the Village of Virex, in Italy</i>&mdash;a pleasing picture of
+what may be termed <i>an architectural village</i>; for some of the dwellings
+almost approach to palaces, and others have a conventual character, which
+harmonizes with the sublime beauties of nature which rise around them.</p>
+
+<p>4. <i>Interior of St. Saveur, in Normandy.</i> As an architectural picture we
+are not disposed to rate this so highly as the two preceding.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page266" id="page266"></a>[pg 266]</span>
+The alternations of light and shade are admirably managed in all of them,
+among which a flood of light streaming through one of the cathedral
+windows will be much admired. The size of each picture is 70 feet by
+50&mdash;and the four may be seen for <i>one shilling!</i></p>
+
+<p>Below stairs, the fine group from Reubens's Descent from the Cross, and
+Albert Durer's Carvings of the Life of the Virgin Mary, still continue
+open.</p>
+
+<p>Another exhibition, <i>Trepado, or Cut-Paper Work</i>, to use a vulgar phrase,
+"cut out" all the work of the kind we have ever seen. We have a sister
+very ingenious in these matters; but her productions, compared with the
+cuttings of the Oxford-street Bazaar, are as John Nash with Michael
+Angelo. These cuttings are in imitation of Line Engraving, comprising
+sixteen pictures, cut with scissars, among which are the Lord's
+Supper&mdash;Conversion of St. Paul&mdash;The Battle of Alexander&mdash;A Portrait of
+his Majesty George IV., &amp;c. They are almost the counterfeit presentment
+of pencil-drawings, such as Varley and Brookman and Langdon could not
+excel. Yet these are cut with scissars! A greater exercise of patience,
+to say the least of it, we scarcely know. Every one who wishes to cut a
+figure in the world ought to learn this art; and certain fair cutters may
+by this means spread even stronger meshes than these paper nets. We mean
+to see them again, although we have too many <i>cuttings</i> to make for the
+gratification of our readers to allow us to enter into the <i>Trepado</i>
+study <i>con amore</i>&mdash;and so with this recommendation, we <i>cut</i> the subject.
+We, however, expect to meet scores of our Easter friends in the Bazaar;
+and there is no similar establishment in London where so much may be seen
+for so little money.</p>
+
+<p>The Bazaar has lately been extended for a suite of rooms for the
+exhibition of Household Furniture, for sale. There are already several
+handsome specimens&mdash;many of them fit for the splendid palaces building in
+the Regent's Park. If the reader be one of those who "meditate on
+muffineers and plan pokers," he will enjoy this part of the Bazaar. In
+all the Parisian bazaars, there is an abundance of <i>meubles</i> and you get
+accommodated with a newspaper and a chair, as the Street-publishers say,
+"for the small charge of one penny:" might it not be so here, or is an
+Englishman obliged to read and drink (not think) at the same time?</p>
+
+<p>The counters of the Bazaar are abundantly stocked with <i>bijouterie</i> and
+nic-nacs, the <i>Nouveautes de Paris</i> and Spitalfields&mdash;Canton in China,
+and Leatherlane in Holborn&mdash;toy-carts for children, and fleecy hosiery
+for old folks&mdash;puffs and pastry, and the last new song&mdash;inkstands,
+taper-lights, pen-wipers, perfumed sealing-wax, French hair-paper,
+curling-wheels&mdash;and all the fair ammunition of love and madness. If you
+leave your purse at home, or, what is worse, if you have left your money,
+you know not where, remember Bishop Berkley, and console yourself with
+the reflection that all these things were made for your enjoyment, and
+that all around are striving to please you. This will be no trifling
+source of pleasure&mdash;it will fill your head and fill your heart with
+joy&mdash;leave the <i>pockets</i> to grosser minds.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>SOCIETY OF BRITISH ARTISTS, SUFFOLK-STREET, PALL-MALL, EAST.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>By a Correspondent</i>.</h4>
+
+
+<p>The sixth exhibition of this society is now open to the public, and the
+display of talent fully equals, or, perhaps, excels, that of former
+seasons. The society, since its commencement, has realized twelve
+thousand pounds from the sale of the works of British artists, who, thus
+stimulated by the disposal of their performances, have exerted their
+utmost ability in contributing specimens of their art to the present
+exhibition. We can, however, only notice a few of those artists who have
+been particularly successful; our limits not allowing us to extend
+justice to <i>all</i>.</p>
+
+<p>The most splendid painting in the gallery is No. 7, <i>The Departure of the
+Israelites out of Egypt</i>, by Mr. Roberts. In the performance of this
+work, the painter has evidently endeavoured to imitate Martin's
+compositions. The picture, viewed at a little distance, is certainly
+grand and imposing; on a near inspection, however, we look in vain for
+the exquisite finish, and the characteristic expression so universally
+admired in Mr. Martin's works. We advise Mr. Roberts, if he pursues this
+class of painting, to unite finish with his bold effects&mdash;for attention
+in this respect will prove the <i>denouement</i> of his pictures. No. 188,
+<i>Erle Stoke Park, the seat of G. Watson Taylor, Esq. M.P.</i> by Mr.
+Stanfield, is a very delightful picture, being remarkably chaste and
+clear in the colouring. No. 404, <i>Mattock High Tor</i>, by Mr. Hotland, and
+No. 440, <i>A Party crossing the Alps</i>, by Mr. Egerton, are works of high
+merit; as are the performances of Messrs. Wilson, Blake, Glover,<a id="footnotetag5" name="footnotetag5"></a><a href="#footnote5"><sup>5</sup></a>
+Knight, Nasmyth, Farrier, Gill, Novice, Stevens, Turner, Holmes, and
+Pidding.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page267" id="page267"></a>[pg 267]</span>
+The engravings and sculpture are likewise very creditable to the
+institution this season. Mr. Quilly has executed an excellent print from
+Stanfield's fine picture, <i>The Wreckers</i>, which was exhibited last year
+at the British Institution.</p>
+
+<p>Among the busts in the sculpture-room we notice those of Lord Eldon, Sir
+F. Burdett, Sir H. Davy, the late Lord Bishop of Salisbury, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<p>G.W.N.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+<h2>SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.</h2>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h4>(<i>Concluded from, page 254</i>.)</h4>
+
+
+<p>"<i>N'importe!</i>" exclaimed Stubbs, gaily; "there are more admirers, in this
+world, of the ridiculous than of the true, that let me tell you. But I
+must to my studies, for the night approaches. Next Monday&mdash;and this is
+Thursday&mdash;and I am by no means <i>au fait</i> yet in my part. So good
+morning&mdash;let me see you soon again&mdash;and meanwhile adieu! adieu! remember
+me!"</p>
+
+<p>Mr. M'Crab departed; and Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs prepared
+to go through the soliloquy of "To be&mdash;or not to be," before a mirror
+which reflected the whole of his person.</p>
+
+<p>Monday came, and oh! with what a flutter of delight Mr. Stubbs cast his
+eyes upon that part of the paper, where the play for the evening was
+announced, and where he read, "<i>This evening will be acted the tragedy of
+Hamlet: the part of Hamlet by a gentleman, his first appearance on any
+stage.</i>"</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>His carriage was at the door&mdash;and he told the coachman to drive down &mdash;&mdash;
+street, that he might see in passing along, whether the crowd at the pit
+and gallery doors, would obstruct his progress. It was not quite so large
+as to stretch across the carriage road; but he was sure there were some
+hundreds, though so early, and he thought they must have heard who the
+"gentleman" was, that was then rolling by. He would not be positive, too;
+but he could almost swear he heard an huzza, as he passed along. There
+were above a dozen persons collected round the stage door; and he plainly
+perceived that <i>they</i> drew back with respectful admiration, as the new
+Hamlet stepped out of his carriage.</p>
+
+<p>He hastened to his dressing-room, where he found his friend, the manager,
+Mr. Peaess, who shook him by the hand, as he informed him that they had
+an excellent box-book. Stubbs smiled graciously; and the manager left him
+with his dresser, to attire himself in his "customary suit of solemn
+black." Mr. Stubbs had kept his intention of stuffing the character a
+profound secret, fearful lest any technical objections should be made by
+Mr. Peaess, and desirous also of making the first impression in the
+green-room. When he entered it, therefore, in the likeness of a chubby
+undertaker, ready for a funeral, rather than in that of the "unmatched
+form and feature of blown youth"&mdash;in short, the very type and image of
+poor Tokely in <i>Peter Pastoral</i>,&mdash;his eyes and ears were on the alert to
+catch the look of surprise, and buzz of admiration, which he very
+naturally anticipated. He was a little daunted by a suppressed titter
+which ran round the room; but he was utterly confounded when his best and
+dearest friend, Mr. Peaess himself, coming up to him exclaimed,&mdash;"Why,
+zounds! Mr. Stubbs, what have you been doing? By &mdash;&mdash;, the audience will
+never stand this."</p>
+
+<p>"Stand what?" replied Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs.</p>
+
+<p>"What!" echoed the manager; "why this pot-belly, and those cherub
+cheeks."</p>
+
+<p>"Pooh! pooh!" replied Stubbs, "it's Shakspeare's, and I can prove it."</p>
+
+<p>"You may pooh! pooh! as much as you like, Mr. Stubbs," rejoined the
+manager; "but, by &mdash;&mdash;, you've made a mere apple-dumpling of yourself."</p>
+
+<p>"Do you think so," exclaimed Stubbs, glancing in one of the
+mirrors&mdash;"Well; I do assure you it is Shakspeare, and I'll prove it. But
+what shall I do?" and he looked imploringly round upon the broad,
+grinning countenances of the other performers.</p>
+
+<p>"Do?" ejaculated Mr. Peaess; "you can do nothing now&mdash;the curtain has
+been up these ten minutes; Horatio and Marcellus are coming off, and you
+must go on."</p>
+
+<p>At this moment the ghost of Hamlet's father entered the room, but before
+he had time to look upon his son, the call-boy's summons was heard for
+the King, Queen, Hamlet, Polonius, Laertes, &amp;c., to be ready, and forth
+sallied poor Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs, to prove, if he
+could, to the audience, that his rotundity was perfectly Shakspearian.</p>
+
+<p>The awful flourish of drum and trumpet was sounded;&mdash;their majesties of
+Denmark, attended by their train of courtiers, walked on. There is a
+pause! All eyes are bent in eager gaze to catch the first glimpse of the
+new Hamlet&mdash;all hands are ready to applaud. He appears&mdash;boxes, pit, and
+gallery, join in the generous welcome of the unknown candidate. He
+revives&mdash;hastens to the <span class="pagenum"><a name="page268" id="page268"></a>[pg 268]</span>
+foot-lights&mdash;bows&mdash;another round of
+applause&mdash;bows again&mdash;and again&mdash;and then falls back, to let the business
+of the scene proceed. He looks round, meanwhile, with the swelling
+consciousness that he is that moment "the observed of all observers," and
+tries to rally his agitated spirits; but just as he is beginning to do
+so, his wandering eye rests upon the ill-omened face of M'Crab, seated in
+the front-row of the stage-box, who is gazing at him with a grotesque
+smile, which awakens an overwhelming recollection of his own prediction,
+that he "would be horribly laughed at, if he did make Hamlet a fat little
+fellow," as well as a bewildering reminiscence of the manager's, that,
+"by &mdash;&mdash;, the audience would not stand it."</p>
+
+<p>It was soon evident they would not, or rather that they could not stand
+it. But it was not alone his new reading in what regarded the person of
+Hamlet, that excited astonishment. Mr. Stubbs had so many other new
+readings, that before he got to the end of his first speech, beginning
+with, "Seems, madam! nay, it is," they were satisfied of what was to
+follow. When, however, Mr. Stubbs stood alone upon the stage, in the full
+perfection of his figure, and concentrated upon himself the undivided
+attention of the house&mdash;when he gathered up his face into an
+indescribable aspect of woe&mdash;but, above all, when, placing his two hands
+upon his little round belly, he exclaimed, while looking sorrowfully at
+it,</p>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">"Oh, that this too, too solid flesh would melt,</p>
+<p class="i6">(Pat, went the right hand,)</p>
+<p class="i2">Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew,"</p>
+<p class="i6">(Pat, went the left hand,)</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>the effect was irresistible. One roar of laughter shook the theatre, from
+the back row of the shilling gallery to the first row of the pit, mingled
+with cries of <i>bravo! bravo! go on, my little fellow&mdash;you shall have fair
+play&mdash;silence&mdash;bravo! silence!</i>&mdash;Stubbs, meanwhile, looked as if he were
+really wondering what they were all laughing at; and when at length
+silence was partially restored, he continued his soliloquy. His delivery
+of the lines,</p>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">"Fye on't oh fye! 'tis an unweeded garden</p>
+<p class="i2">That grown to seed: things rank and gross in nature," &amp;c.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>was one of his new readings&mdash;for holding up his finger, and looking
+towards the audience with a severe expression of countenance, it appeared
+as though he were chiding their ill manners in laughing at him, when he
+said, "Fye on't&mdash;oh, fye!"</p>
+
+<p>He was allowed to proceed, however, with such interruptions only as his
+own original conceptions of the part provoked from time to time; or when
+any thing he had to say was obviously susceptible of an application to
+himself. Thus, for example, in the scene with Horatio and Marcellus,
+after his interview with the ghost:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2"><i>"Ham</i>.           And now, good friends,</p>
+<p class="i2">As you are friends, scholars, and soldiers,</p>
+<p class="i2">Give me one poor request.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2"><i>Hor</i>. What is it, my lord? We will.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2"><i>Ham. Never make known what you have seen to-night."</i></p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>"Let him, if he likes," exclaimed a voice from the pit&mdash;"he'll never see
+such a sight again."&mdash;Then, in his instructions to the players, his
+delivery of them was accompanied by something like the following running
+commentary:</p>
+
+<p>"Speak the speech, I pray you, as I pronounced it to you, (<i>that is
+impossible!</i>) trippingly on the tongue: but if you mouth it, as many of
+our players do, (<i>laughter</i>,) I had as lief the town-crier spoke my
+lines. * * * Oh, it offends me to the soul, to hear a robustious,
+periwig-pated fellow (<i>like yourself</i>) tear a passion to tatters, &amp;c.&mdash;I
+would have such a fellow whipped (<i>give it him, he deserves it</i>) for
+o'erdoing Termagant. * * * Oh, there be players that I have seen play,
+(<i>no, we see him,</i>) and heard others praise, and that highly, (<i>oh! oh!
+oh!</i>) not to speak it profanely, that, having neither the accent of
+Christians, (<i>ha! ha! ha!</i>) nor the gait of Christian, Pagan, nor man,
+have so strutted (<i>bravo! little 'un!</i>) and bellowed, (<i>hit him again!</i>)
+that I have thought some of nature's journeymen had made men, (<i>who made
+you?</i>) and not made them well, (<i>no, you are a bad fit</i>,) they imitated
+humanity so abominably." (<i>Roars of laughter</i>.)</p>
+
+<p>It was thus Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs enacted Hamlet; and it
+was not till the end of the fourth act that he suffered a single
+observation to escape him, which indicated he thought any thing was
+amiss. Then, indeed, while sitting in the green-room, and as if the idea
+had just struck him, he said to Mr. Peaess, "Do you know, I begin to
+think I have some enemies in the house, for when, in the scene with
+Ophelia, I said, 'What should such fellows as I do crawling between earth
+and heaven?' somebody called out, loud enough for me to hear him, 'Ay!
+what, indeed?' It's very odd. Did you notice it, ma'am?" he continued
+addressing the lady who performed Ophelia. "I can't say I did," replied
+the lady, biting her lips most unmercifully, to preserve her gravity of
+countenance.</p>
+
+<p>This was the only remark made by the <span class="pagenum"><a name="page269" id="page269"></a>[pg 269]</span>
+inimitable Mr. Stubbs during the
+whole evening, and he went through the fifth act with unabated
+self-confidence. His dying scene was honoured with thunders of applause,
+and loud cries of <i>encore</i>. Stubbs raised his head, and looking at
+Horatio, who was bending over him, inquired, "Do you think they mean it?"</p>
+
+<p>"Lie still, for God's sake!" exclaimed Horatio, and the curtain slowly
+descended amid deafening roars of laughter, and shouts of hurrah! hurrah!</p>
+
+<p>The next morning, at breakfast, Stubbs found all the daily papers on his
+table, pursuant to his directions. He took up one, and read, in large
+letters&mdash;"THEATRE. FIRST AND LAST APPEARANCE OF MR. HENRY AUGUSTUS
+CONSTANTINE STUBBS IN HAMLET."</p>
+
+<p>He read no more. The paper dropped from his hands; and Mr. Stubbs
+remained nothing but a GENTLEMAN all the rest of his life&mdash;<i>Blackwood's
+Mag</i>.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>LINES WRITTEN AT WARWICK CASTLE.<a id="footnotetag6" name="footnotetag6"></a><a href="#footnote6"><sup>6</sup></a></h3>
+
+<h4>BY CHARLES BADHAM, M.D. F.R.S.</h4>
+
+<h4><i>Professor of Medicine in the University of Glasgow</i>.</h4>
+
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">I.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">I leave thee, Warwick, and thy precincts grey,</p>
+<p class="i4">Amidst a thousand winters still the same,</p>
+<p class="i2">Ere tempests rend thy last sad leaves away,</p>
+<p class="i4">And from thy bowers the native rock reclaim;</p>
+<p class="i2">Crisp dews now glitter on the joyless field,</p>
+<p class="i4">The gun's red disk now sheds no parting rays,</p>
+<p class="i2">And through thy trophied hall the burnished shield</p>
+<p class="i4">Disperses wide the swiftly mounting blaze.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">II.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Thy pious paladins from Jordan's shore,</p>
+<p class="i4">And all thy steel-clad barons are at rest;</p>
+<p class="i2">Thy turrets sound to warder's tread no more;</p>
+<p class="i4">Beneath their brow the dove hath hung her nest;</p>
+<p class="i2">High on thy beams the harmless falchion shines;</p>
+<p class="i4">No stormy trumpet wakes thy deep repose;</p>
+<p class="i2">Past are the days that, on the serried lines</p>
+<p class="i4">Around thy walls, saw the portcullis close.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">III.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">The bitter feud was quell'd, the culverin</p>
+<p class="i4">No longer flash'd, us blighting mischief round,</p>
+<p class="i2">But many an age was on those ivies green,</p>
+<p class="i4">Ere Taste's calm eye had scann'd the gifted ground;</p>
+<p class="i2">Bade the fair path o'er glade or woodland stray,</p>
+<p class="i4">Bade Avon's swans through new Rialtos glide,</p>
+<p class="i2">Forced through the rock its deeply channell'd way,</p>
+<p class="i4">And threw, to Arts of peace, the portals wide.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">IV.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">But most to Her, whose light and daring hand</p>
+<p class="i4">Can swiftly follow Fancy's wildest dream!</p>
+<p class="i2">All times and nations in whose presence stand,</p>
+<p class="i4">All that creation owns, her boundless theme!</p>
+<p class="i2">And with her came the maid of Attic stole,</p>
+<p class="i4">Untaught of dazzling schools the gauds to prize,</p>
+<p class="i2">Who breathes in purest forms her calm control,</p>
+<p class="i4">Heroic strength, and grace that never dies!</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">V.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Ye that have linger'd o'er each form divine,</p>
+<p class="i4">Beneath the vault of Rome's unsullied sky,</p>
+<p class="i2">Or where Bologna's cloister'd walls enshrine</p>
+<p class="i4">Her martyr Saint&mdash;her mystic Rosary&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i2">Of Arragon the hapless daughter view!</p>
+<p class="i4">Scan, for ye may, that fine enamel near!</p>
+<p class="i2">Such Catherine was, thus Leonardo drew&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i4">Discern ye not the "Jove of painters" here?</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">VI.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Discern ye not the mighty master's power</p>
+<p class="i4">In yon devoted Saint's uplifted eye?</p>
+<p class="i2">That clouds the brow and bids already lour</p>
+<p class="i4">O'er the First Charles the shades of sorrows nigh?</p>
+<p class="i2">That now on furrow'd front of Rembrandt gleams,</p>
+<p class="i4">Now breathes the rose of life and beauty there,</p>
+<p class="i2">In the soft eye of Henrietta dreams,</p>
+<p class="i2">And fills with fire the glance of Gondomar?</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">VII.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Here to Salvator's solemn pencil true,</p>
+<p class="i4">Huge oaks swing rudely in the mountain blast;</p>
+<p class="i2">Here grave Poussin on gloomy canvass threw</p>
+<p class="i4">The lights that steal from clouds of tempest past;</p>
+<p class="i2">And see! from Canaletti's glassy wave,</p>
+<p class="i4">Like Eastern mosques, patrician Venice rise;</p>
+<p class="i2">Or marble moles that rippling waters lave,</p>
+<p class="i4">Where Claude's warm sunsets tinge Italian skies!</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">VIII.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Nor let the critic frown such themes arraign,</p>
+<p class="i4">Here sleep the mellow lyre's enchanting keys;</p>
+<p class="i2">Here the wrought table's darkly polish'd plain,</p>
+<p class="i4">Proffers light lore to much-enduring ease;</p>
+<p class="i2">Enamelled clocks here strike the silver bell;</p>
+<p class="i4">Here Persia spreads the web of many dies;</p>
+<p class="i2">Around, on silken couch, soft cushions swell,</p>
+<p class="i4">That Stambol's viziers proud might not despise.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">IX.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">The golden lamp here sheds its pearly light,</p>
+<p class="i4">Within the cedar'd panels, dusky pale;</p>
+<p class="i2">No mirror'd walls the wandering glance invite,</p>
+<p class="i4">No gauzy curtains drop the misty veil.</p>
+<p class="i2">And there the vista leads of lessening doors,</p>
+<p class="i4">And there the summer sunset's golden gleam</p>
+<p class="i2">Along the line of darkling portrait pours,</p>
+<p class="i4">And warms the polish'd oak or ponderous beam.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">X.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Hark! from the depths beneath that proud saloon</p>
+<p class="i4">The water's moan comes fitful and subdued,</p>
+<p class="i2">Where in mild glory yon triumphant moon</p>
+<p class="i4">Smiles on the arch that nobly spans the flood&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i2">And here have kings and hoary statesmen gazed,</p>
+<p class="i4">When spring with garlands deck'd the vale below,</p>
+<p class="i2">Or when the waning year had lightly razed</p>
+<p class="i4">The banks where Avon's lingering fountains flow.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">XI.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">And did no minstrel greet the courtly throng?</p>
+<p class="i4">Did no fair flower of English loveliness</p>
+<p class="i2">On timid lute sustain some artless song,</p>
+<p class="i4">Her meek brow bound with smooth unbraided tress?</p>
+<p class="i2">For Music knew not yet the stately guise,</p>
+<p class="i4">Content with simplest notes to touch the soul,</p>
+<p class="i2">Not from her choirs as when loud anthems rise,</p>
+<p class="i4">Or when she bids orchestral thunders roll!</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">XII.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Here too the deep and fervent orison</p>
+<p class="i4">Hath matron whisper'd for her absent lord,</p>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page270" id="page270"></a>[pg 270]</span></p>
+<p class="i2">Peril'd in civil wars, that shook the throne,</p>
+<p class="i4">When every hand in England, clench'd the sword:&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i2">And here, as tales and chronicles agree,</p>
+<p class="i4">If tales and chronicles be deem'd sincere,</p>
+<p class="i2">Fair Warwick's heiress smiled at many a plea</p>
+<p class="i4">Of puissant Thane, or Norman cavalier.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">XIII.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Or dost thou sigh for theme of classic lore</p>
+<p class="i4">Midst arms and moats, and battlements and towers?</p>
+<p class="i2">Behold the Vase! that, erst on Anio's shore,</p>
+<p class="i4">Hath found a splendid home in Warwick's bowers:</p>
+<p class="i2">To British meads ere yet the Saxon came,</p>
+<p class="i4">The pomp of senates swept its pedestal,</p>
+<p class="i2">And kings of many an Oriental name</p>
+<p class="i4">Have seen its shadow, and are perish'd all!</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">XIV.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Haply it stood on that illustrious ground</p>
+<p class="i4">Where circling columns once, in sculptur'd pride,</p>
+<p class="i2">With fine volute or wreath'd acanthus crown'd,</p>
+<p class="i4">Rear'd some light roof by Anio's plunging tide;</p>
+<p class="i2">There, in the brightness of the votive fane</p>
+<p class="i4">To rural or to vintage gods addrest,</p>
+<p class="i2">Those vine clad symbols of Pan's peaceful reign</p>
+<p class="i4">Amidst dark pines their sacred seats possess'd.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">XV.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Or, did it break with soft and silvery shower</p>
+<p class="i4">The silence of some marble solitude,</p>
+<p class="i2">Where Adrian, at the fire fly's glittering hour,</p>
+<p class="i4">Of rumour'd worlds to come the doubts review'd?</p>
+<p class="i2">Go mark his tomb!&mdash;in that sepulchral mole</p>
+<p class="i4">Scowls the fell bandit:&mdash;from its towering height</p>
+<p class="i2">Old Tiber's flood reflects the girandole,</p>
+<p class="i4">Midst bells, and shouts, and rockets' arrowy flight!</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">XVI.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Warwick, farewell! Long may thy fortunes stand,</p>
+<p class="i4">And sires of sires hold rule within thy walls,</p>
+<p class="i2">Thy streaming banners to the breeze expand,</p>
+<p class="i4">And the heart's griefs pass lightly o'er thy halls!</p>
+<p class="i2">May happier bards, on Avon's sedgy shore,</p>
+<p class="i4">Sustain on nobler lyre thy poet's vow,</p>
+<p class="i2">And all thy future lords (what can they more?)</p>
+<p class="i4">Wear the green laurels of thy fame, as now!</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<h3>NOTES.</h3>
+
+<p>One of the towers of Warwick Castle is complimented with the name of
+Guy's Tower; certain ponderous armour and utensils preserved in the lodge
+are also attributed to Guy; nobody, in short, thinks of Guy without
+Warwick, or of Warwick without Guy; "Arms and the Man" ought to have been
+emblazoned on the castle banner; and why should I hesitate to say, that
+one of the most amiable of children perpetuates the heroic name within
+its walls? Had this renowned adventurer been ambitious of patriarchal
+honours, his descendants might have extended the ancestral renown, and
+have furnished many a ballad of those good old times; but when the Saxon
+Ulysses had returned from his pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and made an end of
+Colbrand and the Dun Cow, his fancy was to take alms in disguise from his
+own fair lady, at his own castle gate, and then retire (<i>tous les goúts
+sont respectables</i>) to a certain hole or cave called Guy's Cliff, where
+he amused himself (in the intervals of rheumatism) for the rest of his
+natural life in counting his beads and ruminating on his sins, which, as
+he was a great traveller and a hero, might have been considerable.</p>
+
+
+<h4>STANZA III.</h4>
+
+<p>The following interesting passage is copied from a book of ordinary
+occurrence, in which it is cited without stating the authority. It is
+more than doubtful if any other nobleman in the kingdom, at that time or
+since, has projected or executed so much on his own property as the late
+Earl of Warwick:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>"I purchased a magnificent collection of pictures by Vandyke, Rubens, &amp;c.
+The marbles are not equalled, perhaps, in the kingdom. I made a noble
+approach to the castle through a solid rock, built a porter's lodge, and
+founded a library full of books, some valuable and scarce, all well
+chosen. I made an armoury, and built walls round the court and pleasure
+gardens. I built a noble green-house, and filled it with beautiful
+plants. I placed in it a vase, considered the finest remain of Grecian
+art, for its size and beauty. I made a noble lake, from 3 to 600 feet
+broad, and a mile long. I planted trees, now worth 100,000<i>l</i>., besides
+100 acres of ash. I built a stone bridge of 105 feet in span, every stone
+from 2,000 to 3,800 lbs in weight. The weight of the first tier on the
+centre was estimated at 1,000 tons. I gave the bridge to the town with no
+toll on it. I will not enumerate a great many other things done by me.
+Let Warwick Castle speak for itself."</p>
+
+<h4>STANZA X.</h4>
+
+<p>There is a <i>feeling of respect</i> inspired by ancient buildings of
+importance. Such a castle as Warwick, which has lodged a succession of
+generations of the most opposite characters&mdash;at one time the "dulcis et
+quieti animi vir, et qui, cougruo suis moribus studio, vitam egit et
+clausit;" at another by the assassin of Piers de Gaveston, the king's
+favourite, "whose head he cut off upon Blacklow Hill, and gave the friars
+preachers the charge of his body, inasmuch as he had called the said earl
+the Black Dog of Arderne"&mdash;is not to be approached as one visits a
+handsome stone house of Palladian architecture!&mdash;such a house we know can
+never have been the scene either of council or conspiracy; within such
+walls there can never have been "latens odium inter regem et proceres, et
+præsecipuè inter comitem de Warwick et adhærentes ejusdem."</p>
+
+<p>As to the river and its swans. I have learned from the bard to whom it
+has been long since consecrated, (although he may not have had the right
+of fishing in it when alive,) that "discretion is the better part of
+valour."</p>
+
+<p>If I were to describe the walks, I should only say that they were
+contrived, as all walks ought to be, to let in the sun or to shut him out
+by turns. Here you rejoice in the fulness of his meridian strength, and
+here in the shadows of various depth and intensity, which a well disposed
+and happily contrasted sylvan population knows how to effect. The
+senatorial oak, the spreading sycamore, the beautiful plane, (which I
+never see without recollecting the channel of the Asopus and the woody
+sides of Oeta,) the aristocratic pine running up in solitary stateliness
+till it equal the castle turrets&mdash;all these, and many more, are admirably
+intermingled and contrasted, in plantations which establish, as every
+thing in and about the castle does, the consummate taste of the late
+earl, although it must be admitted he had the finest subjects to work
+upon, from the happy disposition of the ground. I shall never forget the
+first time I walked over them; a pheasant occasionally shifting his
+quarters at my intrusion, and making his noisy way through an ether so
+clear, so pure, so motionless, that the broad leaves subsided, rather
+than fell to the ground, without the least disturbance; the tall grey
+chimneys just breathing their smoke upon the blue element, which they
+scarcely stained; every green thing was beginning to wear the colour of
+decay, and many a tint of yellow, deepening into orange, made me sensible
+that "there be tongues in trees," if not "good in every thing." But
+Montaigne says nothing is useless, <i>not even inutility itself</i>.</p>
+
+<h4>STANZA XIII.</h4>
+
+<p>This superb work of antiquity must indeed be seen, to be sufficiently
+estimated: the great failure of that branch of the fine arts which is
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page271" id="page271"></a>[pg 271]</span>
+employed to represent all the rest, is in the inadequate idea of size
+which it must necessarily give where the objects to be represented are
+large.</p>
+
+<p>The marble vases now extant are, of course, comparatively few in number,
+and this is, perhaps, excepting the Medicean, the finest of them all. The
+best representations of it are those in Piranesi, three in number. One
+great, and conspicuous beauty of this vase consists in the elegantly
+formed handles, and in the artful insertion of the extreme branches of
+the vine-stems which compose them, into its margin, where they throw off
+a rich embroidery of leaves and fruit. A lion's skin, with the head and
+claws attached, form a sort of drapery, and the introduction of the
+thyrsus, the lituus, and three bacchanalian masks on each side, complete
+the embellishments. The capacity of this vase is 103 gallons, its
+diameter 9 feet, its pedestal of course modern. It was discovered in
+1770, in the draining of a mephitic lake within the enclosure of the
+Villa Adriana, called Laga di Pantanello. Lord Warwick had reason to be
+proud of his vase, which had this peculiarity, that, whereas almost every
+other object of art in the kingdom has been catalogued and sold over and
+over again, this vase passed (after a sufficiently long parenthesis of
+time) <i>immediately from the gardens of Adrian to his own!</i></p>
+
+<p><i>Blackwood's Magazine.</i></p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+<h2>Manners &amp; Customs of all Nations.</h2>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+
+<h3>HEAVING.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4>
+
+
+<p>They have a ludicrous custom in Staffordshire, at Easter, which they call
+heaving. The males claim Easter Monday, and the females Tuesday, and on
+this day a group of the latter assemble, and every male they meet with
+they seize, and one of them salutes him with a kiss, after which they all
+lay hold of him and heave him up as high as they can, for this they
+require some donation, which, if refused, they will seize his hat,
+handkerchief, or any thing they can lay hold of. This lasts till twelve
+o'clock. Sometimes old women collect together, and then woe be to the
+person who does not present them with a trifle, and thus stop their
+proceedings; for if not, their snuffy beaks might come in contact with
+their prisoners' lips. They often collect 10 or 12<i>s</i>. and spend it in
+carousing at night.</p>
+
+<p>W.H.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>CONVICTS IN NEW SOUTH WALES.</h3>
+
+
+<p>The regular hours of work are from sun-rise to sun-set; but so few
+settlers get up to see that this time is kept, that a much shorter period
+is generally employed in labour. The expense of maintaining a convict is
+rather a difficult calculation: where there are many men, they are, of
+course, supported at much less per man than where there are but few, from
+being able to buy slop clothes, tea, and the other necessaries, at
+wholesale prices, of the importing merchant. The waste, also, made by the
+convicts in their meat, &amp;c. is a serious consideration: the head and
+entrails of animals slaughtered for their use, and which an English
+labourer would be glad of, are thrown away as only fit for the dogs;
+nothing but the body and legs are deemed sufficiently good for these
+dainty characters. Taking all expenses into consideration, I think that
+from 25<i>l</i>. to 30<i>l</i>. per man may be estimated as the annual
+cost&mdash;<i>Widowson's Present State of Van Dieman's Land</i>.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>THROWING STONES AT THE DEVIL.</h3>
+
+
+<p>On arriving at Wady Muna, each nation encamped upon the spot which custom
+has assigned to it, at every returning Hadj. After disposing of the
+baggage, the hadjys hastened to the ceremony of throwing stones at the
+devil. It is said that, when Abraham or Ibrahim returned from the
+pilgrimage to Arafat, and arrived at Wady Muna, the devil Eblys presented
+himself before him at the entrance of the valley, to obstruct his
+passage; when the angel Gabriel, who accompanied the patriarch, advised
+him to throw stones at him, which he did, and after pelting him seven
+times, Eblys retired. When Abraham reached the middle of the valley, he
+again appeared before him, and, for the last time, at its western
+extremity, and was both times repulsed by the same number of stones.
+According to Azraky, the Pagan Arabs, in commemoration of this tradition,
+used to cast stones in this valley as they returned from the pilgrimage;
+and setup seven idols at Muna, of which there was one in each of the
+three spots where the devil appeared, at each of which they cast three
+stones. Mohammed, who made this ceremony one of the chief duties of the
+hadjys, increased the number of stones to seven. At the entrance of the
+valley, towards Mezdelfe, stands a rude stone pillar, or rather altar,
+between six or seven feet high, in the midst of the street, against which
+the first seven stones are thrown, as the place where the devil made his
+first stand: towards the middle of the valley is a similar pillar, and at
+its western end a wall of stones, which is made to serve the same
+purpose. The hadjys crowded in rapid succession round the first pillar,
+called "Djamrat el Awla;" and every one threw seven small stones
+successively upon it; they then passed to the second and third spots
+(called "Djamrat el Owsat," and "Djamrat el Sofaly," or "el Akaba," or
+"el Aksa,") where the same ceremony was repeated. In throwing the stones,
+they are to exclaim, "In the name of God; God is great (we do this) to
+secure ourselves from the <span class="pagenum"><a name="page272" id="page272"></a>[pg 272]</span>
+devil and his troops." The stones used for
+this purpose are to be of the size of a horse-bean, or thereabouts; and
+the pilgrims are advised to collect them in the plain of Mezdelfe, but
+they may likewise take them from Muna; and many people, contrary to the
+law, collect those that have already been thrown.&mdash;<i>Burckhardt's
+Travels</i>.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+<h2>THE GATHERER.</h2>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">A snapper up of unconsidered trifles.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>SHAKSPEARE.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>THE COACHMAN.</h3>
+
+
+<p>The moment he has got his seat and made his start, you are struck at once
+with the perfect mastership of his art. The hand just over his left
+thigh, the arm without constraint, steady, and with a holding command
+that keeps his horses like clock-work; yet to a superficial observer
+quite with loose reins; so firm and compact he is, that you seldom
+observe any shifting, only to take a shorter purchase for a run down
+hill; his right hand and whip are beautifully in unison; the crop, if not
+in a direct line with the box, over the near wheel, raised gracefully up
+as it were to reward the near side horse; the thong&mdash;the thong after
+three twists, which appears in his hand to have been placed by the maker
+never to be altered or improved ...... and if the off-side horse becomes
+slack, to see the turn of his arm to reduce a twist, or to reverse, if
+necessary, is exquisite: after being <i>placed under the rib</i>, or upon the
+shoulder point, up comes the arm, and with it the thong returns to the
+elegant position upon the crop! I say elegant! the stick, highly polished
+yew&mdash;rather light&mdash;not too taper&mdash;yet elastic; a thong in clean order,
+pliable. All done without effort&mdash;merely a turn of the wrist!</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>At twelve o'clock at noon, on the day before Easter, the resurrection
+service begins at the Quirinal Chapel at Rome; when a curtain is drawn
+back, which conceals a picture of our Lord: bells ring, drums are beaten,
+guns are fired, and joy succeeds to mourning.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<h3>ACROSTIC ON "THE MIRROR."</h3>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">MIRROR! methinks your name indeed is true</p>
+<p class="i2">In every other point, except that you,</p>
+<p class="i2">Resplendent with the wisdom of mankind,</p>
+<p class="i2">Reflect not to the <i>sight</i>, but to the <i>mind</i>.</p>
+<p class="i2">Oh! may success then to your pains accrue,</p>
+<p class="i2">Rewarding all your merit with its due.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>D.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<h3>LOVE.</h3>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Love reigns the lord of every mortal heart;</p>
+<p class="i2">He wounds the beggar, wounds the king,</p>
+<p class="i2">And is the fairest, falsest thing,</p>
+<p class="i2">That e'er excited joy, or bade a bosom smart.</p>
+<p class="i2">Light as the wind, rough as the wave,</p>
+<p class="i2">He's both a tyrant and a slave;</p>
+<p class="i2">A fire that freezes, and a frost that's hot,</p>
+<p class="i2">A bitter sweet, a luscious sour,</p>
+<p class="i2">Wretched is he who knows his pow'r,</p>
+<p class="i2">But far more wretched still is he who knows it not.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<hr />
+
+<h3>TRUTH, A FABLE.</h3>
+
+<p>At the gates of Sorbonne, Truth one day showed her face. The syndic met
+her. "What," said he, "do you want?" "Alas! hospitality." "Your name?"
+"My name is Truth." "Flee," said he, in anger, "flee, or I seek vengeance
+on your profaneness." "You chase me away," answered Truth; "but I live in
+hope to have my turn, being the spoiled child of Time, and gaining every
+thing by the means of my father."</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>The initial letters of the Latin names of the kings of Bonaparte's family
+form the Latin word <i>Nihil</i>, (nothing;) and this used to be called the
+genealogical acrostic:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">L udovicus.</p>
+<p class="i2">I osephus.</p>
+<p class="i2">H ieronymus.</p>
+<p class="i2">I oachim.</p>
+<p class="i2">N apoleo.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>T.B.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<h3>THE SUBTERFUGE.</h3>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">"I vow, my dear Strephon," said Chloe one day,</p>
+<p class="i4">While Damon lay hid in the bower,</p>
+<p class="i2">"Yon sun that now gazes shall see a kiss given</p>
+<p class="i4">To no one but thee from this hour."</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Now Strephon is gone&mdash;and with mournful eye</p>
+<p class="i4">Poor Damon upbraided the fair.</p>
+<p class="i2">"Hush! blockhead," said Chloe, "the sun's now on high,</p>
+<p class="i4">But d'ye think it will always be there?"</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>Lately published, with a Frontispiece, and thirty other Engravings, price
+5<i>s</i>.</p>
+
+<h4>THE ARCANA OF SCIENCE, AND ANNUAL REGISTER OF THE USEFUL ARTS, FOR 1829.</h4>
+
+<p>"This is a valuable register of the progress of science and arts during
+the past year. Engravings and a low price qualify it for extensive
+utility."&mdash;<i>Literary Gazette, March</i> 21.</p>
+
+<p>"An agreeable and useful little volume."&mdash;<i>Athenæum, Feb</i>. 18.</p>
+
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote1" name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a href="#footnotetag1"> (return) </a><p>The eight principal public schools of the kingdom are
+considered to be those of Winchester; Westminster; Eton; Harrow; the
+Charter House; Merchant Tailor's; St. Paul's; and Rugby.</p></blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote2" name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a href="#footnotetag2"> (return) </a><p>We have often seen an etching of this exhibition.</p></blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote3" name="footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b><a href="#footnotetag3"> (return) </a><p> It must be recollected that wild fowl in consequence of
+their living on animal diet, give more readily a putrid disposition to
+the fluids.</p></blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote4" name="footnote4"></a><b>Footnote 4:</b><a href="#footnotetag4"> (return) </a><p>Colonel Macirone also sent out above two thousand men, who
+were employed in the capture of Porto Bello and Rio de la Hacha. This
+caused a very favourable diversion for Bolivar in Venezuela, as it
+distracted the attention of the royalists, and but for the pusillanimous
+conduct of Macgregor, who commanded the expedition, might have proved of
+lasting advantage.</p></blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote5" name="footnote5"></a><b>Footnote 5:</b><a href="#footnotetag5"> (return) </a><p><i>Apropos</i>, three are twenty-three pictures by this gentleman
+in the gallery.</p></blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote6" name="footnote6"></a><b>Footnote 6:</b><a href="#footnotetag6"> (return) </a><p>These lines will form a beautiful pendant to the picturesque
+Engraving of WARWICK CASTLE, in No. 357 of the MIRROR&mdash;as well as to the
+very interesting antiquarian description by our esteemed correspondent
+<i>L.L.</i></p></blockquote>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<p><i>Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand, (near Somerset House,)
+London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market, Leipsic; and by all
+Newsmen and Booksellers.</i></p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 12899 ***</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+
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+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
+Procedures for determining public domain status are described in
+the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org.
+
+No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in
+jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize
+this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright
+status under the laws that apply to them.
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #12899 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/12899)
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and
+Instruction, No. 366, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, No. 366
+       Vol. XIII, No. 366., Saturday, April 18, 1829
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: July 12, 2004 [EBook #12899]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jonathan Ingram and PG Distributed Proofreaders
+
+
+
+
+THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.
+
+VOL. XIII, No. 366.] SATURDAY, APRIL 18, 1829. [PRICE 2d.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+HARROW SCHOOL.
+
+[Illustration: HARROW SCHOOL.]
+
+  To lofty HARROW now.--THOMSON.
+
+
+Harrow-on-the-hill was a place of some consideration, even before the
+foundation of the scholastic establishment which now forms its principal
+boast. The Archbishops of Canterbury had an occasional residence here, in
+the centuries briefly succeeding the Norman Conquest; and they obtained
+for the inhabitants a weekly market, long since fallen into disuse.
+
+The _Free Grammar School_ of Harrow, which now ranks amongst the eight
+great schools of England,[1] like most foundations of a similar nature,
+proceeded from a small beginning. In the 14th year of Elizabeth, John
+Lyon, a wealthy yeoman, of Preston, in this parish, procured letters
+patent, and special license from the crown, for the foundation of the
+school, to which for many years, he only contributed the sum of 30 marks
+annually; but in the year 1590, he developed his full intentions,
+provided for their observance, and drew up a code of regulations for the
+foundation. Among these provisions the following are curiously
+characteristic of the times:--The founder expresses his intention to
+build "meete and convenient Roomes for the said Schoole Mr and Usher to
+inhabite and dwell in; as also a large and convenient Schoole House, with
+a chimney in it. And, alsoe, a cellar under the said Roomes and Schoole
+House, to lay in wood and coales;" the master's salary he fixes at £26.
+13s. 4d. per annum, besides £3. 6s. 8d. on the 1st of May,
+towards his provision of fuel; the usher's at £13. 6s. 8d. with £3.
+6s. 8d. for fuel. The founder declares his desire that the School
+shall consist of a "meete and convenient number of schollers, as well of
+poor, to be taught freely," (which privilege he confines to the children
+of the inhabitants of Harrow;) "as of others, to be received for ye
+further profitt and commoditie of the schoole-master." The regulations
+provide for the government of the school with curious minuteness, and
+describe the number of forms; the books and exercises allotted to
+each; the mode of correction; the hours of attendance; and the vacations
+and play days. They extend even to the amusements of the scholars, which
+are confined to "driving a top, tossing a hand-ball, running and
+shooting." For the purpose of this latter exercise, all parents are
+required to furnish their children with "bowstrings shafts, and
+bresters." In consequence of this regulation it was usual to hold an
+annual exhibition of Archery, on August 4, when the scholars contended
+for a silver arrow.[2] Within the last fifty years this custom has been
+abolished and in its room has been substituted the delivery of annual
+orations before the assembled Governors.
+
+    [1] The eight principal public schools of the kingdom are
+        considered to be those of Winchester; Westminster; Eton; Harrow;
+        the Charter House; Merchant Tailor's; St. Paul's; and Rugby.
+
+    [2] We have often seen an etching of this exhibition.
+
+Such was the establishment of this celebrated seminary; and in the humble
+character of a parochial Free School it long remained, unknown except in
+its own immediate neighbourhood. The buildings appertaining to the School
+are not of an ornamental character. The original School-house represented
+in our engraving, has undergone no external alteration except the
+necessary repairs. It is a building of red brick having on the top a
+lion, the rebus of the founder's name. In the original arrangement of the
+interior, the lower portions only were used as school-rooms; the middle
+floor formed the residence of the master and usher, then the only
+teachers; whilst the upper story consisted of writing schools. The whole
+of the building is now appropriated to the exercises of the school, the
+pupils studying their lessons at the houses of their tutors, and
+assembling here for the purpose of examination.
+
+Harrow is consecrated ground; and we could easily select a long list of
+illustrious men educated within its walls. The first classical mention of
+Harrow as a school, is by William Baxter the learned author of the
+Glossary, and editor of several of the classics, who was educated here.
+Dr. Bennet, Bishop of Cloyne; Sir William Jones; Dr. Parr, who was born
+at Harrow; Rt. Hon. R.B. Sheridan; Mr. Perceval, and Lord Byron--shine
+forth in this list. Earl Spencer; the Marquess of Hastings; the Earl of
+Aberdeen; and Mr. Peel were likewise educated here.
+
+The greatest number of scholars who have been at any one time at Harrow,
+was in the year 1804, when the number of students amounted to 353. The
+present master is the Rev. Dr. Butler.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+DR. JOHNSON'S RESIDENCE, IN BOLT COURT.
+
+_(For the Mirror)_
+
+
+It perhaps is not generally known, that the residence of the great
+"leviathan of literature," situate in Bolt-court, Fleet-street, was
+consumed by the fire which destroyed Messrs. Bensley's premises a few
+years ago; and that there are now no ostensible traces of the doctor's
+city retreat, save the site. The only vestige of the house is a piece of
+grotesquely carved wood, which ornamented the centre of the doorway, and
+which is now in possession of a gentleman in the neighbourhood. Part of
+the new printing-office, belonging to Messrs. Mills and Co., occupies a
+portion of the site, and the remainder forms a receptacle for coals. As
+if learning loved to linger amidst the forsaken haunts of departed
+genius, the place is still the scene of those efforts in propagating
+knowledge, without which it would be a sealed book. When looking upon the
+scene which has been consecrated by the presence and labours, the joys
+and sorrows, of such a man, how interesting are our reflections, marred
+as they may be by mournful impressions of "the mutability of human
+affairs." We feel a romantic regret that the genius of Johnson could not
+bestow an imperishability upon the spot; and preserve it from the
+casualties and decay of fire, and storm, and time. Here the unfortunate
+Savage has held his intellectual "_noctes_" and enlivened the old
+moralist with his mad philosophy. It was from this mansion that "the
+Bastard" roused the doctor on the memorable night (or morn) when they set
+out on one of those frolicsome perambulations, which genius, in its
+weakness and misgivings, sometimes indulges, and which was worthy of the
+days of modern Corinthianism. We can imagine the sleepy, solemn face of
+Johnson, the meagre phiz of Savage, and the more rotund features of
+Boswell, around the board, and the doctor's beloved tea-kettle singing
+its harmonious and solacing solo on the blazing "ingle." Inspecting more
+minutely the features of the visionary picture, we might behold the
+oracle of learning when about to deliver his opinion, perhaps, on the
+artificial fire of Gray, or the feeling and simplicity of Goldsmith: his
+opening eyes and unclosing lips; the "harsh thunder" of his
+articulation, and the horrisonous stamp of his ample foot, impress us
+with the same reverence which was felt by his literary visitants. It was
+here, doubtless, where the Herculean task of compiling his dictionary was
+achieved; the monotony of which was relieved by writing the periodical
+papers of his Guardian, and the more flowery composition of poetry and
+biography. But he is gone, and though the mist of years may obscure his
+personal history, and vicissitudes annihilate his household memorials,
+yet his morality and piety, his unparalleled labour and patient
+endurance, but chief of all, his brilliant and versatile genius, will
+perish but with the annals of humanity. His fame
+
+  "From sire to son shall speed; from clime to clime,
+  Outstripping death upon the wings of time!"
+
+** H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+COMMON RIGHTS.
+
+_(To the Editor of the Mirror.)_
+
+
+As the columns of your MIRROR are a treasury of instruction, perhaps it
+may not be thought amiss, or unworthy its pages, to record the advances
+of science in the land we live in. I have long since heard of our
+American brethren possessing the wonderful art of "launching" as the term
+is, their habitations; but I was not aware that my friends on this side
+the water had arrived at such a height on the hill of invention, until a
+few weeks back, when travelling in the western part of Dorsetshire,
+through the small village of _Pulham_, in that county; a neat,
+comfortable-looking cottage was pointed out for my observation, and which
+I was assured by many creditable persons, who had witnessed the
+performance, was, in the year 1826, chimneys, windows, and altogether,
+removed, without sustaining any injury, the distance of nearly two miles.
+The power employed was that of ten horses. The spot where it was intended
+originally to stand, was pointed out to me, being a piece of waste land
+called _Lydlinch Common_. I inquired what motive could have induced the
+proprietor to coach it off in such a novel manner, and the following
+account I received "under the rose."
+
+The brother of the person whose ingenuity has thus exerted itself,
+possessed a small property bordering on the aforesaid common. But to
+understand my story, you must know that the peasantry of the west of
+England, imbibe a notion, whether erroneous or not, I am not learned
+enough to say, that if a person builds on waste lands, and is permitted
+to proceed uninterrupted by the Lord of the Manor, or any other person,
+until he has roofed and occupied it, or as they express it "made a smoke
+in it" that the builder has an indisputable right to it. Now the man
+willing to act on this principle, set his wits to work and constructed a
+house on his brother's property beforementioned, on a movable foundation,
+such as I am unable to describe; and when completed, he, in the course of
+one night launched it over the hedge fairly into the common, and the next
+morning found him busily employed in making the smoke that was, according
+to village laws, to establish him in his newly acquired habitation; and
+no doubt he would have continued quietly in the same place to this day,
+had not a neighbouring 'squire took it into his head to teach this
+commentator on the law, another version of its intricacies, and finally
+caused him to set his house a-going once more, which it did in the manner
+aforesaid, to a bit of land to which he had a more legal right, and where
+it now stands.
+
+Wonderful as this relation may seem, its truth may be relied on, and any
+reader of the MIRROR, travelling, or having friends in that part of the
+country, may easily ascertain the truth of my statement. The house at
+present stands near the highway leading from Sturminster to Sherborne,
+about five or six miles from the former, and six or seven from the
+latter.
+
+RURIS.
+
+_Blandford, April 9, 1829._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ORIGIN OF SIGNS.--CAT AND THE FIDDLE.
+
+_(To the Editor of the Mirror.)_
+
+
+No part of the history of civilized nations is involved in such deep
+obscurity as the origin and progress of their names. I do not mean their
+names of men and women, the etymology of which are easy; for any stupid
+fellow can see with half an eye that Xisuthrus and Noah are one and the
+same person; and that Thoth can only be Hermes; nor is there any
+discernable difference between Pelagius and Morgan; _tout celà va sans se
+dire_, but when we come to account for the names of places or of signs,
+then indeed are we lost in a vast field of metaphysical disquisition and
+conjectural criticism. The _Spectator_, your worthy predecessor, threw
+much light upon the science, but still he left it in its infancy. To be
+sure, he traced the Bull and Mouth to the Boulogne Mouth, but I don't
+remember that he made many other discoveries in this _terrâ incognitâ_.
+However, he hinted that the roots of most of these old saws were to be
+found in the French language, or rather in the jargon spoken by the
+would-be-fine people, in imitation of the court, and by them called
+French. Neither the _Spectator_, however, nor any of his periodical
+imitators have ever found out why a certain headland, bare as the
+back of my hand, should be dignified with the appellation of Beechey
+Head; unless indeed, according to the Eton grammar, our ancestors used
+the rule of _lucus a non lucendo_. The reason, however, is to be found in
+the French language, and Beechey Head is the present guide of the old
+_beau chef_, whereby this point was once known. The _Spectator_ also, if
+I remember right, declared the old sign of the _Cat and the Fiddle_ to be
+quite beyond his comprehension. In truth, no two objects in the world
+have less to do with each other than a cat and a violin, and the only
+explanation ever given of this wonderful union, appears to be, that once
+upon a time, a gentleman kept a house with the sign of a Cat, and a lady
+one, with the sign of a Fiddle, or _vice versâ_. That these two persons
+fell in love, married, and set up an Inn, which to commemorate their
+early loves, they called the Cat and the Fiddle. Such reasoning is
+exceedingly poetical, and also (mind, _also_, not _therefore_)
+exceedingly nonsensical. No, Sir, the Cat and the Fiddle is of greater
+antiquity. Did you ever read the History of Rome? Of Rome! yes, of Rome.
+Thence comes the Cat and the Fiddle, in somewhat a roundabout way
+perhaps, but so it is:
+
+  Vixtrix causa Diis placuit, sed victa Catoni.
+
+Cato was faithful to the sacred cause of liberty, and disdained to
+survive it; and now for the fiddle. In the days of good Queen Bess, when
+those who had borne the iron yoke of Mary, ventured forth and gloried in
+that freedom of conscience which had lately been denied them, a jolly
+innkeeper having lately cast off the shackles of the old religion,
+likened himself to the old Roman, and wrote over his door _l'Hostelle du
+Caton fidelle_. The hostelle and its sign lasted longer than the worthy
+gentleman, and having gone shockingly to decay, was many years after
+re-established. But alas! the numerous French words once mixed with our
+language had vanished, barbarized, and ground down into a heterogeneous
+mass of sounds; and _le Caton fidelle_ was no longer known to his best
+friends when resuscitated under the anomalous title of the Cat and
+Fiddle!!
+
+XX.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE BLIND GIRL.
+
+_(For the Mirror.)_
+
+
+  As fair a thing as e'er was form'd of clay.
+
+BYRON.
+
+  Sweet wanderer--we have known her long!
+    And often on our ear,
+  Has gush'd the cadence of her song,
+    As if some stream were near.
+  Her path was through our tranquil dell,
+  When breezes kiss'd the curfew bell.
+
+  We gaz'd upon the golden hair,
+    That o'er her white brow shone,
+  And beauty's tinge had cluster'd there,
+    A grace unlike its own.
+  We call'd it beautiful--that brow!
+  But rayless were the eyes below.
+
+  Those pale dim eyes, we would have given
+    Our flowers to see them glow--
+  They slept, as sleeps the summer heaven,
+    When the sun waxeth low:
+  And soft her glossy lashes were,
+  As stars within the crystal air.
+
+  Oh, call her not a phantom form,
+    Of deep sepulchral spells;
+  Her maiden lips with life are warm,
+    And thought within her dwells--
+  Thought, holy as the light that lies
+  In the rapt martyr's lifted eyes.
+
+  Her home--'tis far away from her,
+    Its quiet porch is lone,
+  And the sunny wind no more shall stir
+    Its streamlet's silver tone.
+  The zephyrs there, their incense wreathe,
+  But, o'er her hair they shall not breathe.
+
+  Her sire reposeth in the wave,
+    Beneath an Indian sky;
+  The violets fringe her mother's grave,
+    And there, her sisters lie!
+  And we will waft to heaven our prayers,
+  When her pure dust is mix'd with theirs.
+
+  _Deal_.      REGINALD AUGUSTINE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+WINE.
+
+_(For the Mirror.)_
+
+
+Sir,--I am induced to send you the following, in consequence of reading
+an article upon _wine_ in No. 352, page 45 of your interesting work.
+
+The article appears to have been written with a view of inducing a more
+frequent use of that wholesome and invigorating beverage by adducing a
+host of respectable names of antiquity. But I am somewhat inclined to
+believe, that notwithstanding the classic lore and learned style in which
+the article appears, that many there are, whose adverse temper, and whom
+the present "march of intellect" has so far rendered callous to
+_authoritative_ conviction, that they still remain sceptics of the
+extraordinary good qualities and virtues, which the ancients believed
+this beverage to contain; only because they have thought fit to adhere to
+the common adage, that no opinion ought to be received upon men's
+authority, without a sufficient reason assigned for its correctness. It
+is with this view of the subject then, that I venture to make the few
+following observations. In the first place, we will briefly consider the
+nature and chemical properties of wines, and then their tendency
+and action upon the constitution.
+
+The characteristic ingredient of all wines is alcohol, the proportion and
+quality of which, and the state and combination in which it exists,
+constitute the essential properties of the numerous kinds of wines. The
+colour of the red wines is produced from the husk of the grape, they
+being used during fermentation; on the contrary, the colourless wines are
+those where the husk of the grape is not used during the process of
+fermentation. The colouring matter produced from the husks is highly
+astringent, consequently the red and white wines are very different in
+their qualities, and very different in their effect on the stomach.
+
+All wines contain more or less acid; for British wines are considered
+less salubrious than those of foreign, from their having an excess of
+malic acid, which our fruits contain. The foreign wines are reckoned
+superior in quality, in consequence of their containing an excess of
+tartaric acid, their fruit containing a greater portion of this acid than
+does ours. Wines during fermentation, if improperly managed, will produce
+_acetic acid_, which will greatly deteriorate their quality.
+
+Various have been the opinions of eminent men on the effects of wine upon
+the constitution. It would be needless to enter into a detailed account
+of all those who have written for or against its utility; the following,
+from a modern eminent writer _against_ the use of wines will suffice, and
+serve to show that the opponents to wine-drinking have at least some
+reason on their side. Mr. Beddoes, states, in his "Hygeia," vol. ii, p.
+35, that an ingenious surgeon tried the following experiment:--He gave
+two of his children for a week alternately after dinner, to the one a
+full glass of sherry, and to the other a large China orange; the effects
+that followed were sufficient to prove the _injurious tendency_ of vinous
+liquors. In the one the pulse was quickened, the heat increased; whilst
+the other had every appearance that indicated high health; the same
+effect followed when the experiment was reversed. This certainly is a
+formidable objection, but let us before drawing a final conclusion,
+examine the opposite arguments.
+
+Wines, and, indeed, all fermented liquors have an antiseptic quality.
+They act in direct opposition to putrefaction, and in proportion to the
+quantity of alcohol which they contain, so will be their value and
+beneficial tendency. Now the circulating fluids of our system have a
+continual tendency to putrefaction; and the food we take, both animal
+and vegetable, tends to produce this effect; if, therefore, something of
+an antiseptic nature, or of a nature in direct opposition to this
+principle be not received, the fluids would ultimately become a mass of
+corruption, with the extinction of life. If we meet with an individual
+whose habits are abstemious, as regards the drinking of wines or
+fermented liquors, we generally discover him to have a great predilection
+for that valuable commodity _salt_, which article being in its nature
+antiseptic, answers the same purpose as wine. Therefore, the labouring
+man, whose narrow circumstances prohibit him from the advantage of a
+daily use of wine, by taking with his food a sufficient quantity of salt,
+and his apportioned quantity of malt liquor, retains his vigour and
+strength of body equally with those whose more ample means render them
+capable of acquiring the necessary quantity of wine daily. Doctor Barry
+mentions an experiment made on a soldier, who was hired to live entirely
+for some days on wild fowl,[3] with water only to drink; he received in
+the beginning his reward and diet with great cheerfulness, but this was
+soon succeeded by nausea, thirst, and disposition to putrid dysentery,
+which was with some difficulty prevented from making further progress, by
+the physician who made the experiment. Again, he remarks, "I knew a
+person who, by the advice of his physician abstained for some years
+entirely from _salt_, drank chiefly _water_, and used freely an animal
+diet, and by that means acquired a violent scurvy; he was, after some
+time, relieved by a strict regimen of diet and medicine, and as he
+afterwards used salt and vegetables with animal food, and drank wine more
+freely, never had a return of the disorder." It is therefore evident,
+that a _moderate_ use of wine tends to promote health, and keeps off the
+numerous train of disorders, to which the constitution of man is subject,
+thereby lessening the evils incidental to human nature. We can then
+exclaim with Virgil of wine,
+
+  "Deus ille malis hominum mitescere discat."
+
+S.S.T.
+
+    [3] It must be recollected that wild fowl in consequence of
+        their living on animal diet, give more readily a putrid
+        disposition to the fluids.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+THE SKETCH-BOOK.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+MY FIRST LOVE.
+
+_(For the Mirror.)_
+
+
+She was amiable, accomplished, fascinating, beautiful; yet her's were
+beauties which description cannot heighten; fascinations which
+language were vain to embellish. There was soul in her deep hazel eye as
+its flashes broke through their long, dark, encircling fringe; her jetty
+locks waved harmoniously, contrasting with the virgin snow of the
+forehead they wreathed in glossy luxuriance, the unclouded smile played
+on her lip like the zephyr over a bed of gossamer, or a sunbeam on the
+cheek of Aurora.
+
+Scarce eleven summers had passed over my head when I first saw Annette.
+She was by about three years my elder. Young, though I was, I was not
+insensible; she rivetted my gaze, I felt an emotion I could not
+comprehend--cannot describe--as it were love in the germ just beginning
+to expand, waiting but for the genial warmth of a few summer suns to
+nourish and bring it to maturity. We parted, still her image pursued me,
+the recollection was sweet, and I loved to cherish it.
+
+Four years had elapsed; we again met. My soul thrilled with delight in
+beholding, in contemplating, her perfections! How was that delight
+increased when I saw her countenance shed its loveliest smiles, her eye
+pour its heavenliest beams--on _me_--happy presumption--I loved. _We_
+loved; but words spoke not our love. No, each read it in the burning
+glances that were reciprocated--in the spirit-breathing sighs that would
+ever and anon steal forth--spite of suppression. Let me shorten the tale
+of rapture. She was mine; Annette was mine--mine undividedly. SHE IS MINE
+NO LONGER. Ask not the cause. I was infuriated, befooled, infatuated; my
+own "hands threw the pearl away;" my own lips gave, sealed the sentence,
+that robbed me for ever, ay, for ever, of a heart--a treasure, it had
+been heaven to possess. SHE IS MINE NO LONGER--yet a pleasure it is, a
+melancholy pleasure, how I love it, to recall those moments of refined,
+of voluptuous enjoyment, my sole remaining happiness, that they _were_,
+my bitterest pang, that they _are not_--moments, when amid the busy
+circle--scarce could the eagle glance of surrounding observation control
+the bursting emotions of the soul, or, oh, more blest--moments of
+solitude--where those motions broke forth, unobserved, unrestrained. SHE
+IS MINE NO LONGER. Yet Annette sleeps not in the sombre grave. A blast,
+not of death, but more dire, hath scattered those hopes, too
+unsubstantially fond to be realized: a chill not of the grave, but more
+piercing, hath nipped those blossoms of happiness, too ethereally
+delicate for earth. Still Annette lives, beautiful as ever, enchanting
+as ever, lives, but for another. Stay, let me recall that word, I wrong
+her; it must not, cannot be; her _heart_ is not, never shall be his; with
+mine it hath lost its _one_ resting place, and like the dove, seeks not
+another. Cruel fate, but I have ceased to repine--ceased to regret.
+
+IOTA.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+Select Biography.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MEMOIR OF BOLIVAR.
+
+_(Concluded from page 213.)_
+
+
+Early in 1818, the supreme chief, after concentrating his forces, marched
+rapidly to Calabozo, and arrived before Morillo was aware that he had
+quitted Angostura. The Spanish general effected his retreat to Aragua.
+The supreme chief came up with him at La Usirrael, but could make but a
+slight impression on the enemy, on account of the strength of his
+position. Another rencontre occurred at Sombrero. Morillo retired to
+Valencia; and Bolivar took possession of the valleys of Aragua. Thence he
+detached a strong division to take San Fernando de Apure, in order to
+complete the conquest of the Llanos. Upon this the Spaniards advanced.
+The two armies met at Semen. Morillo was wounded, and the royalist army
+put to flight. The pursuit being indiscreetly conducted by the patriots,
+and a fresh royalist division arriving to support Morillo, the fortune of
+the day was changed. Each party was alternately defeated, and both
+rallied their dispersed corps to reengage at Ortiz.
+
+The division which succeeded in capturing San Fernando had an indecisive
+affair at Cojedes. Others of the same character took place at El Rincon
+del Toro, and other places. At the close of this campaign, the Spaniards
+held Aragua, and the patriots San Fernando. Thus the former possessed the
+most fertile provinces of Venezuela, and all New Granada; while the
+latter were reduced to the Llanos and Guayana. Arms were sent to General
+Santander, who was endeavouring to raise a division in Casanare.
+
+In 1819, the various corps united in San Fernando, where the supreme
+chief devoted his labours to the regulation of civil affairs. He invited
+the provinces to send deputies to Angostura, to form a general congress,
+and then delegated his powers to a council of government to act in his
+absence.
+
+With four or five thousand men, the supreme chief opened the campaign
+against Morillo, who had six or seven thousand. Twelve hundred British
+troops arrived at Margarita from England. They had been
+engaged in London by Colonel English, and were equipped and sent out by
+Messrs. Herring and Richardson; besides these, eight hundred others also
+arrived at Angostura. The latter were engaged by Captain Elsom, and sent
+out by Messrs. Hurry, Powles, and Hurry; the greater part were disbanded
+soldiers from the British army, reduced on the return of the troops from
+France.[4] These volunteers were equipped in the most efficient manner.
+With these expeditions large supplies of spare arms were sent to assist
+the cause of independence. Bolivar, in his speech to congress, thus
+expresses himself on this subject:--
+
+    [4] Colonel Macirone also sent out above two thousand men, who
+        were employed in the capture of Porto Bello and Rio de la Hacha.
+        This caused a very favourable diversion for Bolivar in Venezuela,
+        as it distracted the attention of the royalists, and but for the
+        pusillanimous conduct of Macgregor, who commanded the expedition,
+        might have proved of lasting advantage.
+
+"For these important advantages we are indebted to the unbounded
+liberality of some generous foreigners, who, hearing the groans of
+suffering humanity, and seeing the cause of freedom, reason, and justice
+ready to sink, would not remain quiet, but flew to our succour with their
+munificent aid and protection, and furnished the republic with every
+thing needful to cause their philanthropical principles to flourish.
+Those friends of mankind are the guardian geniuses of America, and to
+them we owe a debt of eternal gratitude, as well as a religious
+fulfilment of the several obligations contracted with them."
+
+Bolivar, leaving the army in command of General Paez, repaired to
+Angostura. As Morillo advanced, Paez, agreeable to orders, retired
+towards the Orinoco, detaching a few guerillas to harass the Spaniards in
+the rear.
+
+General Urdaneta was appointed to command the recently arrived British
+legion in Margarita, which was to act on the side of Caracas, in order to
+draw off the attention of Morillo from the Llanos.
+
+On the 15th of February, 1819, congress was installed at Angostura. The
+supreme chief pronounced an eloquent discourse, and resigned his
+authority. Congress immediately, and unanimously, elected him president
+of the republic.
+
+Early in March, the president rejoined the army, which was very much
+reduced by sickness. On the 27th, he defeated the vanguard of the
+Spaniards. Adopting a desultory system of warfare, he obliged them to
+recross the Apure, having lost half their original numbers.
+
+While Morillo remained in winter quarters, the president traversed the
+vast plains of the Apure and Casanare, which are rendered almost
+impassable by inundations from the month of May to the end of August. In
+Casanare, the president formed a junction with the division of Santander,
+two thousand strong. Santander had, from the commencement of the
+revolution, dedicated himself with enthusiastic constancy to the cause of
+his country. He now expelled the Spaniards from their formidable position
+of Paya, and opened the way for the president to cross the terrific
+Andes, in effecting which, nearly a fourth of his army perished from the
+effects of cold and excessive fatigue.
+
+On the 11th of July, the president attacked the royal army at Gamarra.
+After a long engagement, the Spanish general Barrero retired, and did not
+again offer battle, except in positions almost inaccessible. Bonza was
+invested by the patriots for some days in sight of both armies. The
+president, by a flank movement, brought the Spaniards to action on the
+25th of July, at Bargas. The Spaniards, though superior in numbers, and
+advantageously posted, gave way, and the president obtained a complete
+victory. His inferior forces, however, and the nature of the country, did
+not allow him to make the most of this glorious success; but he obtained
+a thousand recruits, and marched to interpose between the defeated
+Barrero and the viceroy Samano, who, with all the disposable force south
+of Bogotá, was about to support Barrero. The result of the president's
+daring and masterly movement was the battle of Boyaca, fought on the 7th
+of August, and which has been called the _birth of Colombia_. In this
+battle, the English troops, under the command of Major Mackintosh,
+greatly distinguished themselves. The gallant major was promoted by the
+liberator on the field. In three days afterwards the president entered
+Bogotá in triumph, and, within a short period, eleven provinces of New
+Granada announced their adhesion to the cause of independence.
+
+Bolivar repaired to Angostura, where he once more resigned his authority
+to the representatives of the people, and laid on their floor the
+trophies of the last campaign. On the 25th of December, 1819, congress,
+at the suggestion of the president, decreed that thenceforth Venezuela
+and New Granada should form one republic, under the denomination of
+COLOMBIA. At the same time it conferred upon Bolivar the title of
+LIBERATOR OF COLOMBIA, and re-elected him president of the republic.
+
+In March, 1820, he arrived at Bogotá, and occupied himself until August
+in the organization of the army cantoned at various points between
+Cucuta and San Fernando de Apure.
+
+The Spanish revolution, which originated in the Isla de Leon, inspired
+the South Americans with new hopes. These were raised still higher by the
+solicitude of Morillo to negotiate an armistice; but Bolivar, refusing to
+treat upon any other basis than that of independence, marched to the
+department of the Magdalena, reviewed the besieging force before
+Carthagena, and reinforced the division of the south, destined to act
+against Popayan and Quito. The president drove the Spaniards from the
+provinces of Merida and Truxillo, and established his winter headquarters
+at the latter town. On the 26th of November, the president concluded an
+armistice of six months with Morillo, who engaged that, on the renewal of
+hostilities, the war should be carried on, conformably to the practice of
+civilized nations.
+
+In the beginning of the year 1821, the liberator went to Bogotá, to
+attend to the affairs of the south; when hearing of the arrival at
+Caracas of Spanish commissioners to treat for peace, he returned to
+Truxillo; but no terms were then agreed upon. In the meanwhile, the
+province of Maracaybo shook off the Spanish yoke. Morillo having departed
+for Europe, General La Torre, a brave and very superior man, succeeded to
+the command of the royal army, and made strong remonstrances against the
+movement in the province of Maracaybo, which he deemed an infraction of
+the armistice, and hostilities in consequence recommenced. The liberator
+concentrated his forces in Varinas; he detached a division to the coast
+under General Urdaneta, and another to the east, under General Bermudez,
+to divide the attention of the enemy, and marched himself against
+Caracas. On the 24th of June, the liberator attacked and defeated the
+Spaniards, who had taken up a strong position at Carabobo. The numbers on
+both sides were nearly equal. This battle decided the fate of Colombia.
+The victorious liberator entered Caracas on the 29th. On the 2nd of July,
+La Guayra also surrendered to him.
+
+Leaving a besieging division before Puerto Cabello, the liberator went to
+Cucuta, where he resigned once more the office of president of the
+republic, which, in admiration of his disinterestedness, instantly
+re-elected him.
+
+When the province of Guayaquil declared itself independent, it solicited
+the assistance of Bolivar against the Spaniards in Quito. A small
+division was accordingly sent there.
+
+The liberator, having signed the constitution sanctioned by congress,
+obtained leave to direct the war in the south. In January, 1822, he put
+himself at the head of the army in Popayan, and sent a reinforcement to
+General Sucre in Guayaquil.
+
+In the month of March, the liberator moved against the province of Pasto,
+the inhabitants of which country are surpassed in bravery by no people in
+the world, but who adhered with blind attachment to the ancient regime.
+The liberator, having overcome the obstacles presented by nature in the
+valleys of Patia, and the formidable river Guanabamba, arrived in front
+of Bombona. The _Pastusos_ (inhabitants of the province of Pasto) had
+here taken up a strong position, supported by the Spanish troops. They
+were vigorously attacked; but every charge made in front was repulsed. It
+was not until the rifle battalion, commanded by the able Colonel Sands,
+outflanked the _Pastusos_, that victory declared for Bolivar; but his
+army had suffered so severely, that, instead of immediately following up
+the fugitives through a hostile country, it fell back a short distance.
+
+Whilst these operations were going on, Sucre liberated the provinces of
+Loja and Cuenca, and, on the 24th of May, gained the victory of
+Pinchincha, which gave independence to Quito. In the same year Carthagena
+and Cumaná, surrendered to the liberating forces in Venezuela.
+
+The liberator entered Quito on the 16th of June. His attention was soon
+attracted to the discontents which had arisen at Guayaquil, where the
+Colombians had become unpopular. His excellency proceeded to that town,
+and, under his auspices, the provisional government annexed the province
+to Colombia.
+
+One of the results of the interview which took place between the
+protector of Peru and the liberator of Colombia was the sending of an
+auxiliary force of two thousand Colombians to Lima; but the junta, which
+proceeded to the protectorate, ordered the Colombian troops to return to
+Guayaquil. The president Riva Aguero, who succeeded to the junta, applied
+for an auxiliary Colombian division of six thousand men, and invited
+Bolivar to take the command of all the military forces in Peru. The
+Colombian troops were sent to Lima. General Bolivar obtained leave from
+the congress at Bogotá to go to Peru--the grand scene of his subsequent
+triumphs.
+
+The person of Bolivar is thin, and somewhat below the middle size. He
+dresses in good taste, and has an easy military walk. He is a very bold
+rider, and capable of undergoing great fatigue. His manners are good, and
+his address unaffected, but not very prepossessing. It is said that, in
+his youth, he was rather handsome. His complexion is sallow; his hair,
+originally very black, is now mixed with gray. His eyes are dark and
+penetrating, but generally downcast, or turned askance, when he speaks;
+his nose is well formed, his forehead high and broad, the lower part of
+the face is sharp; the expression of the countenance is careworn,
+lowering, and sometimes rather fierce. His temper, spoiled by adulation,
+is fiery and capricious. His opinions of men and things are variable. He
+is rather prone to personal abuse, but makes ample amends to those who
+will put up with it. Towards such his resentments are not lasting. He is
+a passionate admirer of the fair sex, but jealous to excess. He is fond
+of waltzing, and is a very quick, but not a very graceful dancer. His
+mind is of the most active description. When not more stirringly
+employed, he is always reading, dictating letters, &c., or conversing.
+His voice is loud and harsh, but he speaks eloquently on most subjects.
+His reading has been principally confined to French authors; hence the
+Gallic idioms so common in his productions. He is an _impressive_ writer,
+but his style is vitiated by an affectation of grandeur. Speaking so well
+as he does, it is not wonderful that he should be more fond of hearing
+himself talk than of listening to others, and apt to engross conversation
+in the society he receives. He entertains numerously, and no one has more
+skilful cooks, or gives better dinners; but he is himself so very
+abstemious, in both eating and drinking, that he seldom takes his place
+at his own table until the repast is nearly over, having probably dined
+in private upon a plain dish or two. He is fond of giving toasts, which
+he always prefaces in the most eloquent and appropriate manner; and his
+enthusiasm is so great, that he frequently mounts his chair, or the
+table, to propose them. Although the cigar is almost universally used in
+South America, Bolivar never smokes, nor does he permit smoking in his
+presence. He is never without proper officers in waiting, and keeps up a
+considerable degree of etiquette. Disinterested in the extreme with
+regard to pecuniary affairs, he is insatiably covetous of fame. Bolivar
+invariably speaks of England, of her institutions, and of her great men,
+in terms of admiration. He often dwells with great warmth upon the
+constancy, fidelity, and sterling merit of the English officers who have
+served in the cause of independence, under every varying event of the
+war. A further proof of his predilection towards England is that he has
+always had upon his personal staff a number of British subjects.
+
+--_Memoirs of General Miller_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+Fine Arts.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+EXHIBITIONS AT THE BAZAAR,
+
+_Oxford Street_.
+
+THE BRITISH DIORAMA.
+
+
+On Saturday, the 11th, there was a private view of four new pictures, by
+Stanfield and Roberts, at this very interesting lounge. They consist of
+
+1. _The City of York, with the Minster on fire_--a picturesque view of
+the cathedral, with a mimic display of the conflagration, the accuracy of
+which will make the property-man of the Opera tremble.
+
+2. _The Temple of Apollinopolis, in Egypt_, a magnificent picture of
+Egyptian architecture--"noble in decay." The splendid leaved capitals of
+the pillars reminded us of the following, which we had that morning read
+in the _Journal of a Naturalist_:--"No portion of creation," says the
+author, "has been resorted to by mankind with more success for the
+ornament and decoration of their labours, than the vegetable world. The
+rites, emblems, and mysteries of religion; national achievements,
+eccentric marks, and the capricious visions of fancy, have all been
+wrought by the hand of the sculptor, on the temple, the altar, or the
+tomb; but plants, their foliage, flowers, or fruits, as the most
+graceful, varied, and pleasing objects that meet our view, have been more
+universally the object of design, and have supplied the most beautiful,
+and perhaps the earliest, embellishments of art. The pomegranate, the
+almond, and flowers, were selected even in the wilderness, and by divine
+appointment, to give form to the sacred utensils; the rewards of merit,
+the wreath of the victor, were arboraceous; in later periods, the
+acanthus, the ivy, the lotus, the vine, the palm, and the oak, flourished
+under the chisel, or beneath the loom of the artist; and in modern days,
+the vegetable world affords the almost exclusive decorations of ingenuity
+and art."
+
+3. _Entrance to the Village of Virex, in Italy_--a pleasing picture of
+what may be termed _an architectural village_; for some of the dwellings
+almost approach to palaces, and others have a conventual character, which
+harmonizes with the sublime beauties of nature which rise around them.
+
+4. _Interior of St. Saveur, in Normandy._ As an architectural picture we
+are not disposed to rate this so highly as the two preceding.
+
+The alternations of light and shade are admirably managed in all of them,
+among which a flood of light streaming through one of the cathedral
+windows will be much admired. The size of each picture is 70 feet by
+50--and the four may be seen for _one shilling!_
+
+Below stairs, the fine group from Reubens's Descent from the Cross, and
+Albert Durer's Carvings of the Life of the Virgin Mary, still continue
+open.
+
+Another exhibition, _Trepado, or Cut-Paper Work_, to use a vulgar phrase,
+"cut out" all the work of the kind we have ever seen. We have a sister
+very ingenious in these matters; but her productions, compared with the
+cuttings of the Oxford-street Bazaar, are as John Nash with Michael
+Angelo. These cuttings are in imitation of Line Engraving, comprising
+sixteen pictures, cut with scissars, among which are the Lord's
+Supper--Conversion of St. Paul--The Battle of Alexander--A Portrait of
+his Majesty George IV., &c. They are almost the counterfeit presentment
+of pencil-drawings, such as Varley and Brookman and Langdon could not
+excel. Yet these are cut with scissars! A greater exercise of patience,
+to say the least of it, we scarcely know. Every one who wishes to cut a
+figure in the world ought to learn this art; and certain fair cutters may
+by this means spread even stronger meshes than these paper nets. We mean
+to see them again, although we have too many _cuttings_ to make for the
+gratification of our readers to allow us to enter into the _Trepado_
+study _con amore_--and so with this recommendation, we _cut_ the subject.
+We, however, expect to meet scores of our Easter friends in the Bazaar;
+and there is no similar establishment in London where so much may be seen
+for so little money.
+
+The Bazaar has lately been extended for a suite of rooms for the
+exhibition of Household Furniture, for sale. There are already several
+handsome specimens--many of them fit for the splendid palaces building in
+the Regent's Park. If the reader be one of those who "meditate on
+muffineers and plan pokers," he will enjoy this part of the Bazaar. In
+all the Parisian bazaars, there is an abundance of _meubles_ and you get
+accommodated with a newspaper and a chair, as the Street-publishers say,
+"for the small charge of one penny:" might it not be so here, or is an
+Englishman obliged to read and drink (not think) at the same time?
+
+The counters of the Bazaar are abundantly stocked with _bijouterie_ and
+nic-nacs, the _Nouveautes de Paris_ and Spitalfields--Canton in China,
+and Leatherlane in Holborn--toy-carts for children, and fleecy hosiery
+for old folks--puffs and pastry, and the last new song--inkstands,
+taper-lights, pen-wipers, perfumed sealing-wax, French hair-paper,
+curling-wheels--and all the fair ammunition of love and madness. If you
+leave your purse at home, or, what is worse, if you have left your money,
+you know not where, remember Bishop Berkley, and console yourself with
+the reflection that all these things were made for your enjoyment, and
+that all around are striving to please you. This will be no trifling
+source of pleasure--it will fill your head and fill your heart with
+joy--leave the _pockets_ to grosser minds.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SOCIETY OF BRITISH ARTISTS, SUFFOLK-STREET, PALL-MALL, EAST.
+
+_By a Correspondent_.
+
+
+The sixth exhibition of this society is now open to the public, and the
+display of talent fully equals, or, perhaps, excels, that of former
+seasons. The society, since its commencement, has realized twelve
+thousand pounds from the sale of the works of British artists, who, thus
+stimulated by the disposal of their performances, have exerted their
+utmost ability in contributing specimens of their art to the present
+exhibition. We can, however, only notice a few of those artists who have
+been particularly successful; our limits not allowing us to extend
+justice to _all_.
+
+The most splendid painting in the gallery is No. 7, _The Departure of the
+Israelites out of Egypt_, by Mr. Roberts. In the performance of this
+work, the painter has evidently endeavoured to imitate Martin's
+compositions. The picture, viewed at a little distance, is certainly
+grand and imposing; on a near inspection, however, we look in vain for
+the exquisite finish, and the characteristic expression so universally
+admired in Mr. Martin's works. We advise Mr. Roberts, if he pursues this
+class of painting, to unite finish with his bold effects--for attention
+in this respect will prove the _denouement_ of his pictures. No. 188,
+_Erle Stoke Park, the seat of G. Watson Taylor, Esq. M.P._ by Mr.
+Stanfield, is a very delightful picture, being remarkably chaste and
+clear in the colouring. No. 404, _Mattock High Tor_, by Mr. Hotland, and
+No. 440, _A Party crossing the Alps_, by Mr. Egerton, are works of high
+merit; as are the performances of Messrs. Wilson, Blake, Glover,[5]
+Knight, Nasmyth, Farrier, Gill, Novice, Stevens, Turner, Holmes, and
+Pidding.
+
+    [5] _Apropos_, three are twenty-three pictures by this gentleman
+        in the gallery.
+
+The engravings and sculpture are likewise very creditable to the
+institution this season. Mr. Quilly has executed an excellent print from
+Stanfield's fine picture, _The Wreckers_, which was exhibited last year
+at the British Institution.
+
+Among the busts in the sculpture-room we notice those of Lord Eldon, Sir
+F. Burdett, Sir H. Davy, the late Lord Bishop of Salisbury, &c.
+
+G.W.N.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+(_Concluded from, page 254_.)
+
+
+"_N'importe!_" exclaimed Stubbs, gaily; "there are more admirers, in this
+world, of the ridiculous than of the true, that let me tell you. But I
+must to my studies, for the night approaches. Next Monday--and this is
+Thursday--and I am by no means _au fait_ yet in my part. So good
+morning--let me see you soon again--and meanwhile adieu! adieu! remember
+me!"
+
+Mr. M'Crab departed; and Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs prepared
+to go through the soliloquy of "To be--or not to be," before a mirror
+which reflected the whole of his person.
+
+Monday came, and oh! with what a flutter of delight Mr. Stubbs cast his
+eyes upon that part of the paper, where the play for the evening was
+announced, and where he read, "_This evening will be acted the tragedy of
+Hamlet: the part of Hamlet by a gentleman, his first appearance on any
+stage._"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+His carriage was at the door--and he told the coachman to drive down ----
+street, that he might see in passing along, whether the crowd at the pit
+and gallery doors, would obstruct his progress. It was not quite so large
+as to stretch across the carriage road; but he was sure there were some
+hundreds, though so early, and he thought they must have heard who the
+"gentleman" was, that was then rolling by. He would not be positive, too;
+but he could almost swear he heard an huzza, as he passed along. There
+were above a dozen persons collected round the stage door; and he plainly
+perceived that _they_ drew back with respectful admiration, as the new
+Hamlet stepped out of his carriage.
+
+He hastened to his dressing-room, where he found his friend, the manager,
+Mr. Peaess, who shook him by the hand, as he informed him that they had
+an excellent box-book. Stubbs smiled graciously; and the manager left him
+with his dresser, to attire himself in his "customary suit of solemn
+black." Mr. Stubbs had kept his intention of stuffing the character a
+profound secret, fearful lest any technical objections should be made by
+Mr. Peaess, and desirous also of making the first impression in the
+green-room. When he entered it, therefore, in the likeness of a chubby
+undertaker, ready for a funeral, rather than in that of the "unmatched
+form and feature of blown youth"--in short, the very type and image of
+poor Tokely in _Peter Pastoral_,--his eyes and ears were on the alert to
+catch the look of surprise, and buzz of admiration, which he very
+naturally anticipated. He was a little daunted by a suppressed titter
+which ran round the room; but he was utterly confounded when his best and
+dearest friend, Mr. Peaess himself, coming up to him exclaimed,--"Why,
+zounds! Mr. Stubbs, what have you been doing? By ----, the audience will
+never stand this."
+
+"Stand what?" replied Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs.
+
+"What!" echoed the manager; "why this pot-belly, and those cherub
+cheeks."
+
+"Pooh! pooh!" replied Stubbs, "it's Shakspeare's, and I can prove it."
+
+"You may pooh! pooh! as much as you like, Mr. Stubbs," rejoined the
+manager; "but, by ----, you've made a mere apple-dumpling of yourself."
+
+"Do you think so," exclaimed Stubbs, glancing in one of the
+mirrors--"Well; I do assure you it is Shakspeare, and I'll prove it. But
+what shall I do?" and he looked imploringly round upon the broad,
+grinning countenances of the other performers.
+
+"Do?" ejaculated Mr. Peaess; "you can do nothing now--the curtain has
+been up these ten minutes; Horatio and Marcellus are coming off, and you
+must go on."
+
+At this moment the ghost of Hamlet's father entered the room, but before
+he had time to look upon his son, the call-boy's summons was heard for
+the King, Queen, Hamlet, Polonius, Laertes, &c., to be ready, and forth
+sallied poor Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs, to prove, if he
+could, to the audience, that his rotundity was perfectly Shakspearian.
+
+The awful flourish of drum and trumpet was sounded;--their majesties of
+Denmark, attended by their train of courtiers, walked on. There is a
+pause! All eyes are bent in eager gaze to catch the first glimpse of the
+new Hamlet--all hands are ready to applaud. He appears--boxes, pit, and
+gallery, join in the generous welcome of the unknown candidate. He
+revives--hastens to the foot-lights--bows--another round of
+applause--bows again--and again--and then falls back, to let the business
+of the scene proceed. He looks round, meanwhile, with the swelling
+consciousness that he is that moment "the observed of all observers," and
+tries to rally his agitated spirits; but just as he is beginning to do
+so, his wandering eye rests upon the ill-omened face of M'Crab, seated in
+the front-row of the stage-box, who is gazing at him with a grotesque
+smile, which awakens an overwhelming recollection of his own prediction,
+that he "would be horribly laughed at, if he did make Hamlet a fat little
+fellow," as well as a bewildering reminiscence of the manager's, that,
+"by ----, the audience would not stand it."
+
+It was soon evident they would not, or rather that they could not stand
+it. But it was not alone his new reading in what regarded the person of
+Hamlet, that excited astonishment. Mr. Stubbs had so many other new
+readings, that before he got to the end of his first speech, beginning
+with, "Seems, madam! nay, it is," they were satisfied of what was to
+follow. When, however, Mr. Stubbs stood alone upon the stage, in the full
+perfection of his figure, and concentrated upon himself the undivided
+attention of the house--when he gathered up his face into an
+indescribable aspect of woe--but, above all, when, placing his two hands
+upon his little round belly, he exclaimed, while looking sorrowfully at
+it,
+
+  "Oh, that this too, too solid flesh would melt,
+      (Pat, went the right hand,)
+  Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew,"
+      (Pat, went the left hand,)
+
+the effect was irresistible. One roar of laughter shook the theatre, from
+the back row of the shilling gallery to the first row of the pit, mingled
+with cries of _bravo! bravo! go on, my little fellow--you shall have fair
+play--silence--bravo! silence!_--Stubbs, meanwhile, looked as if he were
+really wondering what they were all laughing at; and when at length
+silence was partially restored, he continued his soliloquy. His delivery
+of the lines,
+
+  "Fye on't oh fye! 'tis an unweeded garden
+  That grown to seed: things rank and gross in nature," &c.
+
+was one of his new readings--for holding up his finger, and looking
+towards the audience with a severe expression of countenance, it appeared
+as though he were chiding their ill manners in laughing at him, when he
+said, "Fye on't--oh, fye!"
+
+He was allowed to proceed, however, with such interruptions only as his
+own original conceptions of the part provoked from time to time; or when
+any thing he had to say was obviously susceptible of an application to
+himself. Thus, for example, in the scene with Horatio and Marcellus,
+after his interview with the ghost:--
+
+  _"Ham_.           And now, good friends,
+  As you are friends, scholars, and soldiers,
+  Give me one poor request.
+
+  _Hor_. What is it, my lord? We will.
+
+  _Ham. Never make known what you have seen to-night."_
+
+"Let him, if he likes," exclaimed a voice from the pit--"he'll never see
+such a sight again."--Then, in his instructions to the players, his
+delivery of them was accompanied by something like the following running
+commentary:
+
+"Speak the speech, I pray you, as I pronounced it to you, (_that is
+impossible!_) trippingly on the tongue: but if you mouth it, as many of
+our players do, (_laughter_,) I had as lief the town-crier spoke my
+lines. * * * Oh, it offends me to the soul, to hear a robustious,
+periwig-pated fellow (_like yourself_) tear a passion to tatters, &c.--I
+would have such a fellow whipped (_give it him, he deserves it_) for
+o'erdoing Termagant. * * * Oh, there be players that I have seen play,
+(_no, we see him,_) and heard others praise, and that highly, (_oh! oh!
+oh!_) not to speak it profanely, that, having neither the accent of
+Christians, (_ha! ha! ha!_) nor the gait of Christian, Pagan, nor man,
+have so strutted (_bravo! little 'un!_) and bellowed, (_hit him again!_)
+that I have thought some of nature's journeymen had made men, (_who made
+you?_) and not made them well, (_no, you are a bad fit_,) they imitated
+humanity so abominably." (_Roars of laughter_.)
+
+It was thus Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs enacted Hamlet; and it
+was not till the end of the fourth act that he suffered a single
+observation to escape him, which indicated he thought any thing was
+amiss. Then, indeed, while sitting in the green-room, and as if the idea
+had just struck him, he said to Mr. Peaess, "Do you know, I begin to
+think I have some enemies in the house, for when, in the scene with
+Ophelia, I said, 'What should such fellows as I do crawling between earth
+and heaven?' somebody called out, loud enough for me to hear him, 'Ay!
+what, indeed?' It's very odd. Did you notice it, ma'am?" he continued
+addressing the lady who performed Ophelia. "I can't say I did," replied
+the lady, biting her lips most unmercifully, to preserve her gravity of
+countenance.
+
+This was the only remark made by the inimitable Mr. Stubbs during the
+whole evening, and he went through the fifth act with unabated
+self-confidence. His dying scene was honoured with thunders of applause,
+and loud cries of _encore_. Stubbs raised his head, and looking at
+Horatio, who was bending over him, inquired, "Do you think they mean it?"
+
+"Lie still, for God's sake!" exclaimed Horatio, and the curtain slowly
+descended amid deafening roars of laughter, and shouts of hurrah! hurrah!
+
+The next morning, at breakfast, Stubbs found all the daily papers on his
+table, pursuant to his directions. He took up one, and read, in large
+letters--"THEATRE. FIRST AND LAST APPEARANCE OF MR. HENRY AUGUSTUS
+CONSTANTINE STUBBS IN HAMLET."
+
+He read no more. The paper dropped from his hands; and Mr. Stubbs
+remained nothing but a GENTLEMAN all the rest of his life--_Blackwood's
+Mag_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+LINES WRITTEN AT WARWICK CASTLE.[6]
+
+BY CHARLES BADHAM, M.D. F.R.S.
+
+_Professor of Medicine in the University of Glasgow_.
+
+
+  I.
+
+  I leave thee, Warwick, and thy precincts grey,
+    Amidst a thousand winters still the same,
+  Ere tempests rend thy last sad leaves away,
+    And from thy bowers the native rock reclaim;
+  Crisp dews now glitter on the joyless field,
+    The gun's red disk now sheds no parting rays,
+  And through thy trophied hall the burnished shield
+    Disperses wide the swiftly mounting blaze.
+
+  II.
+
+  Thy pious paladins from Jordan's shore,
+    And all thy steel-clad barons are at rest;
+  Thy turrets sound to warder's tread no more;
+    Beneath their brow the dove hath hung her nest;
+  High on thy beams the harmless falchion shines;
+    No stormy trumpet wakes thy deep repose;
+  Past are the days that, on the serried lines
+    Around thy walls, saw the portcullis close.
+
+  III.
+
+  The bitter feud was quell'd, the culverin
+    No longer flash'd, us blighting mischief round,
+  But many an age was on those ivies green,
+    Ere Taste's calm eye had scann'd the gifted ground;
+  Bade the fair path o'er glade or woodland stray,
+    Bade Avon's swans through new Rialtos glide,
+  Forced through the rock its deeply channell'd way,
+    And threw, to Arts of peace, the portals wide.
+
+  IV.
+
+  But most to Her, whose light and daring hand
+    Can swiftly follow Fancy's wildest dream!
+  All times and nations in whose presence stand,
+    All that creation owns, her boundless theme!
+  And with her came the maid of Attic stole,
+    Untaught of dazzling schools the gauds to prize,
+  Who breathes in purest forms her calm control,
+    Heroic strength, and grace that never dies!
+
+
+  V.
+
+  Ye that have linger'd o'er each form divine,
+    Beneath the vault of Rome's unsullied sky,
+  Or where Bologna's cloister'd walls enshrine
+    Her martyr Saint--her mystic Rosary--
+  Of Arragon the hapless daughter view!
+    Scan, for ye may, that fine enamel near!
+  Such Catherine was, thus Leonardo drew--
+    Discern ye not the "Jove of painters" here?
+
+
+  VI.
+
+  Discern ye not the mighty master's power
+    In yon devoted Saint's uplifted eye?
+  That clouds the brow and bids already lour
+    O'er the First Charles the shades of sorrows nigh?
+  That now on furrow'd front of Rembrandt gleams,
+    Now breathes the rose of life and beauty there,
+  In the soft eye of Henrietta dreams,
+  And fills with fire the glance of Gondomar?
+
+
+  VII.
+
+  Here to Salvator's solemn pencil true,
+    Huge oaks swing rudely in the mountain blast;
+  Here grave Poussin on gloomy canvass threw
+    The lights that steal from clouds of tempest past;
+  And see! from Canaletti's glassy wave,
+    Like Eastern mosques, patrician Venice rise;
+  Or marble moles that rippling waters lave,
+    Where Claude's warm sunsets tinge Italian skies!
+
+
+  VIII.
+
+  Nor let the critic frown such themes arraign,
+    Here sleep the mellow lyre's enchanting keys;
+  Here the wrought table's darkly polish'd plain,
+    Proffers light lore to much-enduring ease;
+  Enamelled clocks here strike the silver bell;
+    Here Persia spreads the web of many dies;
+  Around, on silken couch, soft cushions swell,
+    That Stambol's viziers proud might not despise.
+
+
+  IX.
+
+  The golden lamp here sheds its pearly light,
+    Within the cedar'd panels, dusky pale;
+  No mirror'd walls the wandering glance invite,
+    No gauzy curtains drop the misty veil.
+  And there the vista leads of lessening doors,
+    And there the summer sunset's golden gleam
+  Along the line of darkling portrait pours,
+    And warms the polish'd oak or ponderous beam.
+
+
+  X.
+
+  Hark! from the depths beneath that proud saloon
+    The water's moan comes fitful and subdued,
+  Where in mild glory yon triumphant moon
+    Smiles on the arch that nobly spans the flood--
+  And here have kings and hoary statesmen gazed,
+    When spring with garlands deck'd the vale below,
+  Or when the waning year had lightly razed
+    The banks where Avon's lingering fountains flow.
+
+
+  XI.
+
+  And did no minstrel greet the courtly throng?
+    Did no fair flower of English loveliness
+  On timid lute sustain some artless song,
+    Her meek brow bound with smooth unbraided tress?
+  For Music knew not yet the stately guise,
+    Content with simplest notes to touch the soul,
+  Not from her choirs as when loud anthems rise,
+    Or when she bids orchestral thunders roll!
+
+
+  XII.
+
+  Here too the deep and fervent orison
+    Hath matron whisper'd for her absent lord,
+  Peril'd in civil wars, that shook the throne,
+    When every hand in England, clench'd the sword:--
+  And here, as tales and chronicles agree,
+    If tales and chronicles be deem'd sincere,
+  Fair Warwick's heiress smiled at many a plea
+    Of puissant Thane, or Norman cavalier.
+
+
+  XIII.
+
+  Or dost thou sigh for theme of classic lore
+    Midst arms and moats, and battlements and towers?
+  Behold the Vase! that, erst on Anio's shore,
+    Hath found a splendid home in Warwick's bowers:
+  To British meads ere yet the Saxon came,
+    The pomp of senates swept its pedestal,
+  And kings of many an Oriental name
+    Have seen its shadow, and are perish'd all!
+
+
+  XIV.
+
+  Haply it stood on that illustrious ground
+    Where circling columns once, in sculptur'd pride,
+  With fine volute or wreath'd acanthus crown'd,
+    Rear'd some light roof by Anio's plunging tide;
+  There, in the brightness of the votive fane
+    To rural or to vintage gods addrest,
+  Those vine clad symbols of Pan's peaceful reign
+    Amidst dark pines their sacred seats possess'd.
+
+
+  XV.
+
+  Or, did it break with soft and silvery shower
+    The silence of some marble solitude,
+  Where Adrian, at the fire fly's glittering hour,
+    Of rumour'd worlds to come the doubts review'd?
+  Go mark his tomb!--in that sepulchral mole
+    Scowls the fell bandit:--from its towering height
+  Old Tiber's flood reflects the girandole,
+    Midst bells, and shouts, and rockets' arrowy flight!
+
+
+  XVI.
+
+  Warwick, farewell! Long may thy fortunes stand,
+    And sires of sires hold rule within thy walls,
+  Thy streaming banners to the breeze expand,
+    And the heart's griefs pass lightly o'er thy halls!
+  May happier bards, on Avon's sedgy shore,
+    Sustain on nobler lyre thy poet's vow,
+  And all thy future lords (what can they more?)
+    Wear the green laurels of thy fame, as now!
+
+    [6] These lines will form a beautiful pendant to the picturesque
+        Engraving of WARWICK CASTLE, in No. 357 of the MIRROR--as well as
+        to the very interesting antiquarian description by our esteemed
+        correspondent _L.L._
+
+NOTES.
+
+One of the towers of Warwick Castle is complimented with the name of
+Guy's Tower; certain ponderous armour and utensils preserved in the lodge
+are also attributed to Guy; nobody, in short, thinks of Guy without
+Warwick, or of Warwick without Guy; "Arms and the Man" ought to have been
+emblazoned on the castle banner; and why should I hesitate to say, that
+one of the most amiable of children perpetuates the heroic name within
+its walls? Had this renowned adventurer been ambitious of patriarchal
+honours, his descendants might have extended the ancestral renown, and
+have furnished many a ballad of those good old times; but when the Saxon
+Ulysses had returned from his pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and made an end of
+Colbrand and the Dun Cow, his fancy was to take alms in disguise from his
+own fair lady, at his own castle gate, and then retire (_tous les goúts
+sont respectables_) to a certain hole or cave called Guy's Cliff, where
+he amused himself (in the intervals of rheumatism) for the rest of his
+natural life in counting his beads and ruminating on his sins, which, as
+he was a great traveller and a hero, might have been considerable.
+
+
+STANZA III.
+
+The following interesting passage is copied from a book of ordinary
+occurrence, in which it is cited without stating the authority. It is
+more than doubtful if any other nobleman in the kingdom, at that time or
+since, has projected or executed so much on his own property as the late
+Earl of Warwick:--
+
+"I purchased a magnificent collection of pictures by Vandyke, Rubens, &c.
+The marbles are not equalled, perhaps, in the kingdom. I made a noble
+approach to the castle through a solid rock, built a porter's lodge, and
+founded a library full of books, some valuable and scarce, all well
+chosen. I made an armoury, and built walls round the court and pleasure
+gardens. I built a noble green-house, and filled it with beautiful
+plants. I placed in it a vase, considered the finest remain of Grecian
+art, for its size and beauty. I made a noble lake, from 3 to 600 feet
+broad, and a mile long. I planted trees, now worth 100,000l., besides
+100 acres of ash. I built a stone bridge of 105 feet in span, every stone
+from 2,000 to 3,800 lbs in weight. The weight of the first tier on the
+centre was estimated at 1,000 tons. I gave the bridge to the town with no
+toll on it. I will not enumerate a great many other things done by me.
+Let Warwick Castle speak for itself."
+
+STANZA X.
+
+There is a _feeling of respect_ inspired by ancient buildings of
+importance. Such a castle as Warwick, which has lodged a succession of
+generations of the most opposite characters--at one time the "dulcis et
+quieti animi vir, et qui, cougruo suis moribus studio, vitam egit et
+clausit;" at another by the assassin of Piers de Gaveston, the king's
+favourite, "whose head he cut off upon Blacklow Hill, and gave the friars
+preachers the charge of his body, inasmuch as he had called the said earl
+the Black Dog of Arderne"--is not to be approached as one visits a
+handsome stone house of Palladian architecture!--such a house we know can
+never have been the scene either of council or conspiracy; within such
+walls there can never have been "latens odium inter regem et proceres, et
+præsecipuè inter comitem de Warwick et adhærentes ejusdem."
+
+As to the river and its swans. I have learned from the bard to whom it
+has been long since consecrated, (although he may not have had the right
+of fishing in it when alive,) that "discretion is the better part of
+valour."
+
+If I were to describe the walks, I should only say that they were
+contrived, as all walks ought to be, to let in the sun or to shut him out
+by turns. Here you rejoice in the fulness of his meridian strength, and
+here in the shadows of various depth and intensity, which a well disposed
+and happily contrasted sylvan population knows how to effect. The
+senatorial oak, the spreading sycamore, the beautiful plane, (which I
+never see without recollecting the channel of the Asopus and the woody
+sides of Oeta,) the aristocratic pine running up in solitary stateliness
+till it equal the castle turrets--all these, and many more, are admirably
+intermingled and contrasted, in plantations which establish, as every
+thing in and about the castle does, the consummate taste of the late
+earl, although it must be admitted he had the finest subjects to work
+upon, from the happy disposition of the ground. I shall never forget the
+first time I walked over them; a pheasant occasionally shifting his
+quarters at my intrusion, and making his noisy way through an ether so
+clear, so pure, so motionless, that the broad leaves subsided, rather
+than fell to the ground, without the least disturbance; the tall grey
+chimneys just breathing their smoke upon the blue element, which they
+scarcely stained; every green thing was beginning to wear the colour of
+decay, and many a tint of yellow, deepening into orange, made me sensible
+that "there be tongues in trees," if not "good in every thing." But
+Montaigne says nothing is useless, _not even inutility itself_.
+
+STANZA XIII.
+
+This superb work of antiquity must indeed be seen, to be sufficiently
+estimated: the great failure of that branch of the fine arts which is
+employed to represent all the rest, is in the inadequate idea of size
+which it must necessarily give where the objects to be represented are
+large.
+
+The marble vases now extant are, of course, comparatively few in number,
+and this is, perhaps, excepting the Medicean, the finest of them all. The
+best representations of it are those in Piranesi, three in number. One
+great, and conspicuous beauty of this vase consists in the elegantly
+formed handles, and in the artful insertion of the extreme branches of
+the vine-stems which compose them, into its margin, where they throw off
+a rich embroidery of leaves and fruit. A lion's skin, with the head and
+claws attached, form a sort of drapery, and the introduction of the
+thyrsus, the lituus, and three bacchanalian masks on each side, complete
+the embellishments. The capacity of this vase is 103 gallons, its
+diameter 9 feet, its pedestal of course modern. It was discovered in
+1770, in the draining of a mephitic lake within the enclosure of the
+Villa Adriana, called Laga di Pantanello. Lord Warwick had reason to be
+proud of his vase, which had this peculiarity, that, whereas almost every
+other object of art in the kingdom has been catalogued and sold over and
+over again, this vase passed (after a sufficiently long parenthesis of
+time) _immediately from the gardens of Adrian to his own!_
+
+_Blackwood's Magazine._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+Manners & Customs of all Nations.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+HEAVING.
+
+_(For the Mirror.)_
+
+
+They have a ludicrous custom in Staffordshire, at Easter, which they call
+heaving. The males claim Easter Monday, and the females Tuesday, and on
+this day a group of the latter assemble, and every male they meet with
+they seize, and one of them salutes him with a kiss, after which they all
+lay hold of him and heave him up as high as they can, for this they
+require some donation, which, if refused, they will seize his hat,
+handkerchief, or any thing they can lay hold of. This lasts till twelve
+o'clock. Sometimes old women collect together, and then woe be to the
+person who does not present them with a trifle, and thus stop their
+proceedings; for if not, their snuffy beaks might come in contact with
+their prisoners' lips. They often collect 10 or 12s. and spend it in
+carousing at night.
+
+W.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CONVICTS IN NEW SOUTH WALES.
+
+
+The regular hours of work are from sun-rise to sun-set; but so few
+settlers get up to see that this time is kept, that a much shorter period
+is generally employed in labour. The expense of maintaining a convict is
+rather a difficult calculation: where there are many men, they are, of
+course, supported at much less per man than where there are but few, from
+being able to buy slop clothes, tea, and the other necessaries, at
+wholesale prices, of the importing merchant. The waste, also, made by the
+convicts in their meat, &c. is a serious consideration: the head and
+entrails of animals slaughtered for their use, and which an English
+labourer would be glad of, are thrown away as only fit for the dogs;
+nothing but the body and legs are deemed sufficiently good for these
+dainty characters. Taking all expenses into consideration, I think that
+from 25l. to 30l. per man may be estimated as the annual
+cost--_Widowson's Present State of Van Dieman's Land_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THROWING STONES AT THE DEVIL.
+
+
+On arriving at Wady Muna, each nation encamped upon the spot which custom
+has assigned to it, at every returning Hadj. After disposing of the
+baggage, the hadjys hastened to the ceremony of throwing stones at the
+devil. It is said that, when Abraham or Ibrahim returned from the
+pilgrimage to Arafat, and arrived at Wady Muna, the devil Eblys presented
+himself before him at the entrance of the valley, to obstruct his
+passage; when the angel Gabriel, who accompanied the patriarch, advised
+him to throw stones at him, which he did, and after pelting him seven
+times, Eblys retired. When Abraham reached the middle of the valley, he
+again appeared before him, and, for the last time, at its western
+extremity, and was both times repulsed by the same number of stones.
+According to Azraky, the Pagan Arabs, in commemoration of this tradition,
+used to cast stones in this valley as they returned from the pilgrimage;
+and setup seven idols at Muna, of which there was one in each of the
+three spots where the devil appeared, at each of which they cast three
+stones. Mohammed, who made this ceremony one of the chief duties of the
+hadjys, increased the number of stones to seven. At the entrance of the
+valley, towards Mezdelfe, stands a rude stone pillar, or rather altar,
+between six or seven feet high, in the midst of the street, against which
+the first seven stones are thrown, as the place where the devil made his
+first stand: towards the middle of the valley is a similar pillar, and at
+its western end a wall of stones, which is made to serve the same
+purpose. The hadjys crowded in rapid succession round the first pillar,
+called "Djamrat el Awla;" and every one threw seven small stones
+successively upon it; they then passed to the second and third spots
+(called "Djamrat el Owsat," and "Djamrat el Sofaly," or "el Akaba," or
+"el Aksa,") where the same ceremony was repeated. In throwing the stones,
+they are to exclaim, "In the name of God; God is great (we do this) to
+secure ourselves from the devil and his troops." The stones used for
+this purpose are to be of the size of a horse-bean, or thereabouts; and
+the pilgrims are advised to collect them in the plain of Mezdelfe, but
+they may likewise take them from Muna; and many people, contrary to the
+law, collect those that have already been thrown.--_Burckhardt's
+Travels_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+THE GATHERER.
+
+  A snapper up of unconsidered trifles.
+
+SHAKSPEARE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE COACHMAN.
+
+
+The moment he has got his seat and made his start, you are struck at once
+with the perfect mastership of his art. The hand just over his left
+thigh, the arm without constraint, steady, and with a holding command
+that keeps his horses like clock-work; yet to a superficial observer
+quite with loose reins; so firm and compact he is, that you seldom
+observe any shifting, only to take a shorter purchase for a run down
+hill; his right hand and whip are beautifully in unison; the crop, if not
+in a direct line with the box, over the near wheel, raised gracefully up
+as it were to reward the near side horse; the thong--the thong after
+three twists, which appears in his hand to have been placed by the maker
+never to be altered or improved ...... and if the off-side horse becomes
+slack, to see the turn of his arm to reduce a twist, or to reverse, if
+necessary, is exquisite: after being _placed under the rib_, or upon the
+shoulder point, up comes the arm, and with it the thong returns to the
+elegant position upon the crop! I say elegant! the stick, highly polished
+yew--rather light--not too taper--yet elastic; a thong in clean order,
+pliable. All done without effort--merely a turn of the wrist!
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+At twelve o'clock at noon, on the day before Easter, the resurrection
+service begins at the Quirinal Chapel at Rome; when a curtain is drawn
+back, which conceals a picture of our Lord: bells ring, drums are beaten,
+guns are fired, and joy succeeds to mourning.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ACROSTIC ON "THE MIRROR."
+
+  MIRROR! methinks your name indeed is true
+  In every other point, except that you,
+  Resplendent with the wisdom of mankind,
+  Reflect not to the _sight_, but to the _mind_.
+  Oh! may success then to your pains accrue,
+  Rewarding all your merit with its due.
+
+D.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LOVE.
+
+  Love reigns the lord of every mortal heart;
+  He wounds the beggar, wounds the king,
+  And is the fairest, falsest thing,
+  That e'er excited joy, or bade a bosom smart.
+  Light as the wind, rough as the wave,
+  He's both a tyrant and a slave;
+  A fire that freezes, and a frost that's hot,
+  A bitter sweet, a luscious sour,
+  Wretched is he who knows his pow'r,
+  But far more wretched still is he who knows it not.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+TRUTH, A FABLE.
+
+At the gates of Sorbonne, Truth one day showed her face. The syndic met
+her. "What," said he, "do you want?" "Alas! hospitality." "Your name?"
+"My name is Truth." "Flee," said he, in anger, "flee, or I seek vengeance
+on your profaneness." "You chase me away," answered Truth; "but I live in
+hope to have my turn, being the spoiled child of Time, and gaining every
+thing by the means of my father."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The initial letters of the Latin names of the kings of Bonaparte's family
+form the Latin word _Nihil_, (nothing;) and this used to be called the
+genealogical acrostic:
+
+  L udovicus.
+  I osephus.
+  H ieronymus.
+  I oachim.
+  N apoleo.
+
+T.B.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE SUBTERFUGE.
+
+  "I vow, my dear Strephon," said Chloe one day,
+    While Damon lay hid in the bower,
+  "Yon sun that now gazes shall see a kiss given
+    To no one but thee from this hour."
+
+  Now Strephon is gone--and with mournful eye
+    Poor Damon upbraided the fair.
+  "Hush! blockhead," said Chloe, "the sun's now on high,
+    But d'ye think it will always be there?"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Lately published, with a Frontispiece, and thirty other Engravings, price
+5s.
+
+THE ARCANA OF SCIENCE, AND ANNUAL REGISTER OF THE USEFUL ARTS, FOR 1829.
+
+"This is a valuable register of the progress of science and arts during
+the past year. Engravings and a low price qualify it for extensive
+utility."--_Literary Gazette, March_ 21.
+
+"An agreeable and useful little volume."--_Athenæum, Feb_. 18.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand, (near Somerset House,)
+London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market, Leipsic; and by all
+Newsmen and Booksellers.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement,
+and Instruction, No. 366, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE ***
+
+***** This file should be named 12899-8.txt or 12899-8.zip *****
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+  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
+
+  <title>The Mirror of Literature, Issue 366.</title>
+
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+  .poem p              {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;}
+  .poem p.i2           {margin-left: 1em;}
+  .poem p.i4           {margin-left: 2em;}
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+  {padding: 1em; margin: 0; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em; margin: auto;}
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+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and
+Instruction, No. 366, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, No. 366
+       Vol. XIII, No. 366., Saturday, April 18, 1829
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: July 12, 2004 [EBook #12899]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jonathan Ingram and PG Distributed Proofreaders
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+ <hr class="full" />
+
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page257" id="page257"></a>[pg 257]</span>
+
+  <h1>THE MIRROR<br />
+  OF<br />
+  LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.</h1>
+  <hr class="full" />
+
+  <table width="100%" summary="Volume, Number, and Date">
+    <tr>
+      <td align="left"><b>Vol. XIII, No. 366.</b></td>
+      <td align="center"><b>SATURDAY, APRIL 18, 1829.</b></td>
+      <td align="right"><b>[PRICE 2d.</b></td>
+    </tr>
+  </table>
+  <hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+<h2>HARROW SCHOOL.</h2>
+
+
+<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"><a href="images/366-1.png"><img width="100%" src="images/366-1.png" alt="HARROW SCHOOL." /></a> HARROW SCHOOL.</div>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">To lofty HARROW now.&mdash;THOMSON.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+
+<p>Harrow-on-the-hill was a place of some consideration, even before the
+foundation of the scholastic establishment which now forms its principal
+boast. The Archbishops of Canterbury had an occasional residence here, in
+the centuries briefly succeeding the Norman Conquest; and they obtained
+for the inhabitants a weekly market, long since fallen into disuse.</p>
+
+<p>The <i>Free Grammar School</i> of Harrow, which now ranks amongst the eight
+great schools of England,<a id="footnotetag1" name="footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a> like most foundations of a similar nature,
+proceeded from a small beginning. In the 14th year of Elizabeth, John
+Lyon, a wealthy yeoman, of Preston, in this parish, procured letters
+patent, and special license from the crown, for the foundation of the
+school, to which for many years, he only contributed the sum of 30 marks
+annually; but in the year 1590, he developed his full intentions,
+provided for their observance, and drew up a code of regulations for the
+foundation. Among these provisions the following are curiously
+characteristic of the times:&mdash;The founder expresses his intention to
+build "meete and convenient Roomes for the said Schoole Mr and Usher to
+inhabite and dwell in; as also a large and convenient Schoole House, with
+a chimney in it. And, alsoe, a cellar under the said Roomes and Schoole
+House, to lay in wood and coales;" the master's salary he fixes at £26.
+13<i>s</i>. 4<i>d</i>. per annum, besides £3. 6<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>. on the 1st of May,
+towards his provision of fuel; the usher's at £13. 6<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>. with £3.
+6<i>s</i>. 8<i>d</i>. for fuel. The founder declares his desire that the School
+shall consist of a "meete and convenient number of schollers, as well of
+poor, to be taught freely," (which privilege he confines to the children
+of the inhabitants of Harrow;) "as of others, to be received for ye
+further profitt and commoditie of the schoole-master." The regulations
+provide for the government of the school with curious minuteness, and
+describe the number of forms; the books <span class="pagenum"><a name="page258" id="page258"></a>[pg 258]</span> and exercises allotted to
+each; the mode of correction; the hours of attendance; and the vacations
+and play days. They extend even to the amusements of the scholars, which
+are confined to "driving a top, tossing a hand-ball, running and
+shooting." For the purpose of this latter exercise, all parents are
+required to furnish their children with "bowstrings shafts, and
+bresters." In consequence of this regulation it was usual to hold an
+annual exhibition of Archery, on August 4, when the scholars contended
+for a silver arrow.<a id="footnotetag2" name="footnotetag2"></a><a href="#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a> Within the last fifty years this custom has been
+abolished and in its room has been substituted the delivery of annual
+orations before the assembled Governors.</p>
+
+<p>Such was the establishment of this celebrated seminary; and in the humble
+character of a parochial Free School it long remained, unknown except in
+its own immediate neighbourhood. The buildings appertaining to the School
+are not of an ornamental character. The original School-house represented
+in our engraving, has undergone no external alteration except the
+necessary repairs. It is a building of red brick having on the top a
+lion, the rebus of the founder's name. In the original arrangement of the
+interior, the lower portions only were used as school-rooms; the middle
+floor formed the residence of the master and usher, then the only
+teachers; whilst the upper story consisted of writing schools. The whole
+of the building is now appropriated to the exercises of the school, the
+pupils studying their lessons at the houses of their tutors, and
+assembling here for the purpose of examination.</p>
+
+<p>Harrow is consecrated ground; and we could easily select a long list of
+illustrious men educated within its walls. The first classical mention of
+Harrow as a school, is by William Baxter the learned author of the
+Glossary, and editor of several of the classics, who was educated here.
+Dr. Bennet, Bishop of Cloyne; Sir William Jones; Dr. Parr, who was born
+at Harrow; Rt. Hon. R.B. Sheridan; Mr. Perceval, and Lord Byron&mdash;shine
+forth in this list. Earl Spencer; the Marquess of Hastings; the Earl of
+Aberdeen; and Mr. Peel were likewise educated here.</p>
+
+<p>The greatest number of scholars who have been at any one time at Harrow,
+was in the year 1804, when the number of students amounted to 353. The
+present master is the Rev. Dr. Butler.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+
+<h3>DR. JOHNSON'S RESIDENCE, IN BOLT COURT.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>(For the Mirror)</i></h4>
+
+
+<p>It perhaps is not generally known, that the residence of the great
+"leviathan of literature," situate in Bolt-court, Fleet-street, was
+consumed by the fire which destroyed Messrs. Bensley's premises a few
+years ago; and that there are now no ostensible traces of the doctor's
+city retreat, save the site. The only vestige of the house is a piece of
+grotesquely carved wood, which ornamented the centre of the doorway, and
+which is now in possession of a gentleman in the neighbourhood. Part of
+the new printing-office, belonging to Messrs. Mills and Co., occupies a
+portion of the site, and the remainder forms a receptacle for coals. As
+if learning loved to linger amidst the forsaken haunts of departed
+genius, the place is still the scene of those efforts in propagating
+knowledge, without which it would be a sealed book. When looking upon the
+scene which has been consecrated by the presence and labours, the joys
+and sorrows, of such a man, how interesting are our reflections, marred
+as they may be by mournful impressions of "the mutability of human
+affairs." We feel a romantic regret that the genius of Johnson could not
+bestow an imperishability upon the spot; and preserve it from the
+casualties and decay of fire, and storm, and time. Here the unfortunate
+Savage has held his intellectual "<i>noctes</i>" and enlivened the old
+moralist with his mad philosophy. It was from this mansion that "the
+Bastard" roused the doctor on the memorable night (or morn) when they set
+out on one of those frolicsome perambulations, which genius, in its
+weakness and misgivings, sometimes indulges, and which was worthy of the
+days of modern Corinthianism. We can imagine the sleepy, solemn face of
+Johnson, the meagre phiz of Savage, and the more rotund features of
+Boswell, around the board, and the doctor's beloved tea-kettle singing
+its harmonious and solacing solo on the blazing "ingle." Inspecting more
+minutely the features of the visionary picture, we might behold the
+oracle of learning when about to deliver his opinion, perhaps, on the
+artificial fire of Gray, or the feeling and simplicity of Goldsmith: his
+opening eyes and unclosing lips; the "harsh thunder" of his articulation,
+and the horrisonous stamp of his ample foot, impress us with the same
+reverence which was felt by his literary visitants. It was here,
+doubtless, where the Herculean task of compiling his dictionary was
+achieved; the monotony of which was relieved by writing the
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page259" id="page259"></a>[pg 259]</span>
+periodical papers of his Guardian, and the more flowery composition of
+poetry and biography. But he is gone, and though the mist of years may
+obscure his personal history, and vicissitudes annihilate his household
+memorials, yet his morality and piety, his unparalleled labour and
+patient endurance, but chief of all, his brilliant and versatile genius,
+will perish but with the annals of humanity. His fame</p>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">"From sire to son shall speed; from clime to clime,</p>
+<p class="i2">Outstripping death upon the wings of time!"</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>** H.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>COMMON RIGHTS.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>(To the Editor of the Mirror.)</i></h4>
+
+
+<p>As the columns of your MIRROR are a treasury of instruction, perhaps it
+may not be thought amiss, or unworthy its pages, to record the advances
+of science in the land we live in. I have long since heard of our
+American brethren possessing the wonderful art of "launching" as the term
+is, their habitations; but I was not aware that my friends on this side
+the water had arrived at such a height on the hill of invention, until a
+few weeks back, when travelling in the western part of Dorsetshire,
+through the small village of <i>Pulham</i>, in that county; a neat,
+comfortable-looking cottage was pointed out for my observation, and which
+I was assured by many creditable persons, who had witnessed the
+performance, was, in the year 1826, chimneys, windows, and altogether,
+removed, without sustaining any injury, the distance of nearly two miles.
+The power employed was that of ten horses. The spot where it was intended
+originally to stand, was pointed out to me, being a piece of waste land
+called <i>Lydlinch Common</i>. I inquired what motive could have induced the
+proprietor to coach it off in such a novel manner, and the following
+account I received "under the rose."</p>
+
+<p>The brother of the person whose ingenuity has thus exerted itself,
+possessed a small property bordering on the aforesaid common. But to
+understand my story, you must know that the peasantry of the west of
+England, imbibe a notion, whether erroneous or not, I am not learned
+enough to say, that if a person builds on waste lands, and is permitted
+to proceed uninterrupted by the Lord of the Manor, or any other person,
+until he has roofed and occupied it, or as they express it "made a smoke
+in it" that the builder has an indisputable right to it. Now the man
+willing to act on this principle, set his wits to work and constructed a
+house on his brother's property beforementioned, on a movable foundation,
+such as I am unable to describe; and when completed, he, in the course of
+one night launched it over the hedge fairly into the common, and the next
+morning found him busily employed in making the smoke that was, according
+to village laws, to establish him in his newly acquired habitation; and
+no doubt he would have continued quietly in the same place to this day,
+had not a neighbouring 'squire took it into his head to teach this
+commentator on the law, another version of its intricacies, and finally
+caused him to set his house a-going once more, which it did in the manner
+aforesaid, to a bit of land to which he had a more legal right, and where
+it now stands.</p>
+
+<p>Wonderful as this relation may seem, its truth may be relied on, and any
+reader of the MIRROR, travelling, or having friends in that part of the
+country, may easily ascertain the truth of my statement. The house at
+present stands near the highway leading from Sturminster to Sherborne,
+about five or six miles from the former, and six or seven from the
+latter.</p>
+
+<p>RURIS.</p>
+
+<p><i>Blandford, April 9, 1829.</i></p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>ORIGIN OF SIGNS.&mdash;CAT AND THE FIDDLE.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>(To the Editor of the Mirror.)</i></h4>
+
+
+<p>No part of the history of civilized nations is involved in such deep
+obscurity as the origin and progress of their names. I do not mean their
+names of men and women, the etymology of which are easy; for any stupid
+fellow can see with half an eye that Xisuthrus and Noah are one and the
+same person; and that Thoth can only be Hermes; nor is there any
+discernable difference between Pelagius and Morgan; <i>tout celà va sans se
+dire</i>, but when we come to account for the names of places or of signs,
+then indeed are we lost in a vast field of metaphysical disquisition and
+conjectural criticism. The <i>Spectator</i>, your worthy predecessor, threw
+much light upon the science, but still he left it in its infancy. To be
+sure, he traced the Bull and Mouth to the Boulogne Mouth, but I don't
+remember that he made many other discoveries in this <i>terrâ incognitâ</i>.
+However, he hinted that the roots of most of these old saws were to be
+found in the French language, or rather in the jargon spoken by the
+would-be-fine people, in imitation of the court, and by them called
+French. Neither the <i>Spectator</i>, however, nor any of his periodical
+imitators have ever found <span class="pagenum"><a name="page260" id="page260"></a>[pg 260]</span> out why a certain headland, bare as the
+back of my hand, should be dignified with the appellation of Beechey
+Head; unless indeed, according to the Eton grammar, our ancestors used
+the rule of <i>lucus a non lucendo</i>. The reason, however, is to be found in
+the French language, and Beechey Head is the present guide of the old
+<i>beau chef</i>, whereby this point was once known. The <i>Spectator</i> also, if
+I remember right, declared the old sign of the <i>Cat and the Fiddle</i> to be
+quite beyond his comprehension. In truth, no two objects in the world
+have less to do with each other than a cat and a violin, and the only
+explanation ever given of this wonderful union, appears to be, that once
+upon a time, a gentleman kept a house with the sign of a Cat, and a lady
+one, with the sign of a Fiddle, or <i>vice versâ</i>. That these two persons
+fell in love, married, and set up an Inn, which to commemorate their
+early loves, they called the Cat and the Fiddle. Such reasoning is
+exceedingly poetical, and also (mind, <i>also</i>, not <i>therefore</i>)
+exceedingly nonsensical. No, Sir, the Cat and the Fiddle is of greater
+antiquity. Did you ever read the History of Rome? Of Rome! yes, of Rome.
+Thence comes the Cat and the Fiddle, in somewhat a roundabout way
+perhaps, but so it is:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Vixtrix causa Diis placuit, sed victa Catoni.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>Cato was faithful to the sacred cause of liberty, and disdained to
+survive it; and now for the fiddle. In the days of good Queen Bess, when
+those who had borne the iron yoke of Mary, ventured forth and gloried in
+that freedom of conscience which had lately been denied them, a jolly
+innkeeper having lately cast off the shackles of the old religion,
+likened himself to the old Roman, and wrote over his door <i>l'Hostelle du
+Caton fidelle</i>. The hostelle and its sign lasted longer than the worthy
+gentleman, and having gone shockingly to decay, was many years after
+re-established. But alas! the numerous French words once mixed with our
+language had vanished, barbarized, and ground down into a heterogeneous
+mass of sounds; and <i>le Caton fidelle</i> was no longer known to his best
+friends when resuscitated under the anomalous title of the Cat and
+Fiddle!!</p>
+
+<p>XX.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>THE BLIND GIRL.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4>
+
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">As fair a thing as e'er was form'd of clay.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>BYRON.</p>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Sweet wanderer&mdash;we have known her long!</p>
+<p class="i4">And often on our ear,</p>
+<p class="i2">Has gush'd the cadence of her song,</p>
+<p class="i4">As if some stream were near.</p>
+<p class="i2">Her path was through our tranquil dell,</p>
+<p class="i2">When breezes kiss'd the curfew bell.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">We gaz'd upon the golden hair,</p>
+<p class="i4">That o'er her white brow shone,</p>
+<p class="i2">And beauty's tinge had cluster'd there,</p>
+<p class="i4">A grace unlike its own.</p>
+<p class="i2">We call'd it beautiful&mdash;that brow!</p>
+<p class="i2">But rayless were the eyes below.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Those pale dim eyes, we would have given</p>
+<p class="i4">Our flowers to see them glow&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i2">They slept, as sleeps the summer heaven,</p>
+<p class="i4">When the sun waxeth low:</p>
+<p class="i2">And soft her glossy lashes were,</p>
+<p class="i2">As stars within the crystal air.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Oh, call her not a phantom form,</p>
+<p class="i4">Of deep sepulchral spells;</p>
+<p class="i2">Her maiden lips with life are warm,</p>
+<p class="i4">And thought within her dwells&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i2">Thought, holy as the light that lies</p>
+<p class="i2">In the rapt martyr's lifted eyes.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Her home&mdash;'tis far away from her,</p>
+<p class="i4">Its quiet porch is lone,</p>
+<p class="i2">And the sunny wind no more shall stir</p>
+<p class="i4">Its streamlet's silver tone.</p>
+<p class="i2">The zephyrs there, their incense wreathe,</p>
+<p class="i2">But, o'er her hair they shall not breathe.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Her sire reposeth in the wave,</p>
+<p class="i4">Beneath an Indian sky;</p>
+<p class="i2">The violets fringe her mother's grave,</p>
+<p class="i4">And there, her sisters lie!</p>
+<p class="i2">And we will waft to heaven our prayers,</p>
+<p class="i2">When her pure dust is mix'd with theirs.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2"><i>Deal</i>.      REGINALD AUGUSTINE.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>WINE.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4>
+
+
+<p>Sir,&mdash;I am induced to send you the following, in consequence of reading
+an article upon <i>wine</i> in No. 352, page 45 of your interesting work.</p>
+
+<p>The article appears to have been written with a view of inducing a more
+frequent use of that wholesome and invigorating beverage by adducing a
+host of respectable names of antiquity. But I am somewhat inclined to
+believe, that notwithstanding the classic lore and learned style in which
+the article appears, that many there are, whose adverse temper, and whom
+the present "march of intellect" has so far rendered callous to
+<i>authoritative</i> conviction, that they still remain sceptics of the
+extraordinary good qualities and virtues, which the ancients believed
+this beverage to contain; only because they have thought fit to adhere to
+the common adage, that no opinion ought to be received upon men's
+authority, without a sufficient reason assigned for its correctness. It
+is with this view of the subject then, that I venture to make the few
+following observations. In the first place, we will briefly consider the
+nature and chemical properties of wines, <span class="pagenum"><a name="page261" id="page261"></a>[pg 261]</span> and then their tendency
+and action upon the constitution.</p>
+
+<p>The characteristic ingredient of all wines is alcohol, the proportion and
+quality of which, and the state and combination in which it exists,
+constitute the essential properties of the numerous kinds of wines. The
+colour of the red wines is produced from the husk of the grape, they
+being used during fermentation; on the contrary, the colourless wines are
+those where the husk of the grape is not used during the process of
+fermentation. The colouring matter produced from the husks is highly
+astringent, consequently the red and white wines are very different in
+their qualities, and very different in their effect on the stomach.</p>
+
+<p>All wines contain more or less acid; for British wines are considered
+less salubrious than those of foreign, from their having an excess of
+malic acid, which our fruits contain. The foreign wines are reckoned
+superior in quality, in consequence of their containing an excess of
+tartaric acid, their fruit containing a greater portion of this acid than
+does ours. Wines during fermentation, if improperly managed, will produce
+<i>acetic acid</i>, which will greatly deteriorate their quality.</p>
+
+<p>Various have been the opinions of eminent men on the effects of wine upon
+the constitution. It would be needless to enter into a detailed account
+of all those who have written for or against its utility; the following,
+from a modern eminent writer <i>against</i> the use of wines will suffice, and
+serve to show that the opponents to wine-drinking have at least some
+reason on their side. Mr. Beddoes, states, in his "Hygeia," vol. ii, p.
+35, that an ingenious surgeon tried the following experiment:&mdash;He gave
+two of his children for a week alternately after dinner, to the one a
+full glass of sherry, and to the other a large China orange; the effects
+that followed were sufficient to prove the <i>injurious tendency</i> of vinous
+liquors. In the one the pulse was quickened, the heat increased; whilst
+the other had every appearance that indicated high health; the same
+effect followed when the experiment was reversed. This certainly is a
+formidable objection, but let us before drawing a final conclusion,
+examine the opposite arguments.</p>
+
+<p>Wines, and, indeed, all fermented liquors have an antiseptic quality.
+They act in direct opposition to putrefaction, and in proportion to the
+quantity of alcohol which they contain, so will be their value and
+beneficial tendency. Now the circulating fluids of our system have a
+continual tendency to putrefaction; and the food we take, both animal
+and vegetable, tends to produce this effect; if, therefore, something of
+an antiseptic nature, or of a nature in direct opposition to this
+principle be not received, the fluids would ultimately become a mass of
+corruption, with the extinction of life. If we meet with an individual
+whose habits are abstemious, as regards the drinking of wines or
+fermented liquors, we generally discover him to have a great predilection
+for that valuable commodity <i>salt</i>, which article being in its nature
+antiseptic, answers the same purpose as wine. Therefore, the labouring
+man, whose narrow circumstances prohibit him from the advantage of a
+daily use of wine, by taking with his food a sufficient quantity of salt,
+and his apportioned quantity of malt liquor, retains his vigour and
+strength of body equally with those whose more ample means render them
+capable of acquiring the necessary quantity of wine daily. Doctor Barry
+mentions an experiment made on a soldier, who was hired to live entirely
+for some days on wild fowl,<a id="footnotetag3" name="footnotetag3"></a><a href="#footnote3"><sup>3</sup></a> with water only to drink; he received in
+the beginning his reward and diet with great cheerfulness, but this was
+soon succeeded by nausea, thirst, and disposition to putrid dysentery,
+which was with some difficulty prevented from making further progress, by
+the physician who made the experiment. Again, he remarks, "I knew a
+person who, by the advice of his physician abstained for some years
+entirely from <i>salt</i>, drank chiefly <i>water</i>, and used freely an animal
+diet, and by that means acquired a violent scurvy; he was, after some
+time, relieved by a strict regimen of diet and medicine, and as he
+afterwards used salt and vegetables with animal food, and drank wine more
+freely, never had a return of the disorder." It is therefore evident,
+that a <i>moderate</i> use of wine tends to promote health, and keeps off the
+numerous train of disorders, to which the constitution of man is subject,
+thereby lessening the evils incidental to human nature. We can then
+exclaim with Virgil of wine,</p>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">"Deus ille malis hominum mitescere discat."</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>S.S.T.</p>
+
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+<h2>THE SKETCH-BOOK.</h2>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+
+<h3>MY FIRST LOVE.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4>
+
+
+
+<p>She was amiable, accomplished, fascinating, beautiful; yet her's were
+beauties <span class="pagenum"><a name="page262" id="page262"></a>[pg 262]</span> which description cannot heighten; fascinations which
+language were vain to embellish. There was soul in her deep hazel eye as
+its flashes broke through their long, dark, encircling fringe; her jetty
+locks waved harmoniously, contrasting with the virgin snow of the
+forehead they wreathed in glossy luxuriance, the unclouded smile played
+on her lip like the zephyr over a bed of gossamer, or a sunbeam on the
+cheek of Aurora.</p>
+
+<p>Scarce eleven summers had passed over my head when I first saw Annette.
+She was by about three years my elder. Young, though I was, I was not
+insensible; she rivetted my gaze, I felt an emotion I could not
+comprehend&mdash;cannot describe&mdash;as it were love in the germ just beginning
+to expand, waiting but for the genial warmth of a few summer suns to
+nourish and bring it to maturity. We parted, still her image pursued me,
+the recollection was sweet, and I loved to cherish it.</p>
+
+<p>Four years had elapsed; we again met. My soul thrilled with delight in
+beholding, in contemplating, her perfections! How was that delight
+increased when I saw her countenance shed its loveliest smiles, her eye
+pour its heavenliest beams&mdash;on <i>me</i>&mdash;happy presumption&mdash;I loved. <i>We</i>
+loved; but words spoke not our love. No, each read it in the burning
+glances that were reciprocated&mdash;in the spirit-breathing sighs that would
+ever and anon steal forth&mdash;spite of suppression. Let me shorten the tale
+of rapture. She was mine; Annette was mine&mdash;mine undividedly. SHE IS MINE
+NO LONGER. Ask not the cause. I was infuriated, befooled, infatuated; my
+own "hands threw the pearl away;" my own lips gave, sealed the sentence,
+that robbed me for ever, ay, for ever, of a heart&mdash;a treasure, it had
+been heaven to possess. SHE IS MINE NO LONGER&mdash;yet a pleasure it is, a
+melancholy pleasure, how I love it, to recall those moments of refined,
+of voluptuous enjoyment, my sole remaining happiness, that they <i>were</i>,
+my bitterest pang, that they <i>are not</i>&mdash;moments, when amid the busy
+circle&mdash;scarce could the eagle glance of surrounding observation control
+the bursting emotions of the soul, or, oh, more blest&mdash;moments of
+solitude&mdash;where those motions broke forth, unobserved, unrestrained. SHE
+IS MINE NO LONGER. Yet Annette sleeps not in the sombre grave. A blast,
+not of death, but more dire, hath scattered those hopes, too
+unsubstantially fond to be realized: a chill not of the grave, but more
+piercing, hath nipped those blossoms of happiness, too ethereally
+delicate for earth. Still Annette lives, beautiful as ever, enchanting
+as ever, lives, but for another. Stay, let me recall that word, I wrong
+her; it must not, cannot be; her <i>heart</i> is not, never shall be his; with
+mine it hath lost its <i>one</i> resting place, and like the dove, seeks not
+another. Cruel fate, but I have ceased to repine&mdash;ceased to regret.</p>
+
+<p>IOTA.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+<h2>Select Biography.</h2>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>MEMOIR OF BOLIVAR.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>(Concluded from page 213.)</i></h4>
+
+
+<p>Early in 1818, the supreme chief, after concentrating his forces, marched
+rapidly to Calabozo, and arrived before Morillo was aware that he had
+quitted Angostura. The Spanish general effected his retreat to Aragua.
+The supreme chief came up with him at La Usirrael, but could make but a
+slight impression on the enemy, on account of the strength of his
+position. Another rencontre occurred at Sombrero. Morillo retired to
+Valencia; and Bolivar took possession of the valleys of Aragua. Thence he
+detached a strong division to take San Fernando de Apure, in order to
+complete the conquest of the Llanos. Upon this the Spaniards advanced.
+The two armies met at Semen. Morillo was wounded, and the royalist army
+put to flight. The pursuit being indiscreetly conducted by the patriots,
+and a fresh royalist division arriving to support Morillo, the fortune of
+the day was changed. Each party was alternately defeated, and both
+rallied their dispersed corps to reengage at Ortiz.</p>
+
+<p>The division which succeeded in capturing San Fernando had an indecisive
+affair at Cojedes. Others of the same character took place at El Rincon
+del Toro, and other places. At the close of this campaign, the Spaniards
+held Aragua, and the patriots San Fernando. Thus the former possessed the
+most fertile provinces of Venezuela, and all New Granada; while the
+latter were reduced to the Llanos and Guayana. Arms were sent to General
+Santander, who was endeavouring to raise a division in Casanare.</p>
+
+<p>In 1819, the various corps united in San Fernando, where the supreme
+chief devoted his labours to the regulation of civil affairs. He invited
+the provinces to send deputies to Angostura, to form a general congress,
+and then delegated his powers to a council of government to act in his
+absence.</p>
+
+<p>With four or five thousand men, the supreme chief opened the campaign
+against Morillo, who had six or seven thousand. Twelve hundred British
+troops arrived at <span class="pagenum"><a name="page263" id="page263"></a>[pg 263]</span>
+Margarita from England. They had been
+engaged in London by Colonel English, and were equipped and sent out by
+Messrs. Herring and Richardson; besides these, eight hundred others also
+arrived at Angostura. The latter were engaged by Captain Elsom, and sent
+out by Messrs. Hurry, Powles, and Hurry; the greater part were disbanded
+soldiers from the British army, reduced on the return of the troops from
+France.<a id="footnotetag4" name="footnotetag4"></a><a href="#footnote4"><sup>4</sup></a> These volunteers were equipped in the most efficient manner.
+With these expeditions large supplies of spare arms were sent to assist
+the cause of independence. Bolivar, in his speech to congress, thus
+expresses himself on this subject:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>"For these important advantages we are indebted to the unbounded
+liberality of some generous foreigners, who, hearing the groans of
+suffering humanity, and seeing the cause of freedom, reason, and justice
+ready to sink, would not remain quiet, but flew to our succour with their
+munificent aid and protection, and furnished the republic with every
+thing needful to cause their philanthropical principles to flourish.
+Those friends of mankind are the guardian geniuses of America, and to
+them we owe a debt of eternal gratitude, as well as a religious
+fulfilment of the several obligations contracted with them."</p>
+
+<p>Bolivar, leaving the army in command of General Paez, repaired to
+Angostura. As Morillo advanced, Paez, agreeable to orders, retired
+towards the Orinoco, detaching a few guerillas to harass the Spaniards in
+the rear.</p>
+
+<p>General Urdaneta was appointed to command the recently arrived British
+legion in Margarita, which was to act on the side of Caracas, in order to
+draw off the attention of Morillo from the Llanos.</p>
+
+<p>On the 15th of February, 1819, congress was installed at Angostura. The
+supreme chief pronounced an eloquent discourse, and resigned his
+authority. Congress immediately, and unanimously, elected him president
+of the republic.</p>
+
+<p>Early in March, the president rejoined the army, which was very much
+reduced by sickness. On the 27th, he defeated the vanguard of the
+Spaniards. Adopting a desultory system of warfare, he obliged them to
+recross the Apure, having lost half their original numbers.</p>
+
+<p>While Morillo remained in winter quarters, the president traversed the
+vast plains of the Apure and Casanare, which are rendered almost
+impassable by inundations from the month of May to the end of August. In
+Casanare, the president formed a junction with the division of Santander,
+two thousand strong. Santander had, from the commencement of the
+revolution, dedicated himself with enthusiastic constancy to the cause of
+his country. He now expelled the Spaniards from their formidable position
+of Paya, and opened the way for the president to cross the terrific
+Andes, in effecting which, nearly a fourth of his army perished from the
+effects of cold and excessive fatigue.</p>
+
+<p>On the 11th of July, the president attacked the royal army at Gamarra.
+After a long engagement, the Spanish general Barrero retired, and did not
+again offer battle, except in positions almost inaccessible. Bonza was
+invested by the patriots for some days in sight of both armies. The
+president, by a flank movement, brought the Spaniards to action on the
+25th of July, at Bargas. The Spaniards, though superior in numbers, and
+advantageously posted, gave way, and the president obtained a complete
+victory. His inferior forces, however, and the nature of the country, did
+not allow him to make the most of this glorious success; but he obtained
+a thousand recruits, and marched to interpose between the defeated
+Barrero and the viceroy Samano, who, with all the disposable force south
+of Bogotá, was about to support Barrero. The result of the president's
+daring and masterly movement was the battle of Boyaca, fought on the 7th
+of August, and which has been called the <i>birth of Colombia</i>. In this
+battle, the English troops, under the command of Major Mackintosh,
+greatly distinguished themselves. The gallant major was promoted by the
+liberator on the field. In three days afterwards the president entered
+Bogotá in triumph, and, within a short period, eleven provinces of New
+Granada announced their adhesion to the cause of independence.</p>
+
+<p>Bolivar repaired to Angostura, where he once more resigned his authority
+to the representatives of the people, and laid on their floor the
+trophies of the last campaign. On the 25th of December, 1819, congress,
+at the suggestion of the president, decreed that thenceforth Venezuela
+and New Granada should form one republic, under the denomination of
+COLOMBIA. At the same time it conferred upon Bolivar the title of
+LIBERATOR OF COLOMBIA, and re-elected him president of the republic.</p>
+
+<p>In March, 1820, he arrived at Bogotá, and occupied himself until August
+in the <span class="pagenum"><a name="page264" id="page264"></a>[pg 264]</span> organization of the army cantoned at various points between
+Cucuta and San Fernando de Apure.</p>
+
+<p>The Spanish revolution, which originated in the Isla de Leon, inspired
+the South Americans with new hopes. These were raised still higher by the
+solicitude of Morillo to negotiate an armistice; but Bolivar, refusing to
+treat upon any other basis than that of independence, marched to the
+department of the Magdalena, reviewed the besieging force before
+Carthagena, and reinforced the division of the south, destined to act
+against Popayan and Quito. The president drove the Spaniards from the
+provinces of Merida and Truxillo, and established his winter headquarters
+at the latter town. On the 26th of November, the president concluded an
+armistice of six months with Morillo, who engaged that, on the renewal of
+hostilities, the war should be carried on, conformably to the practice of
+civilized nations.</p>
+
+<p>In the beginning of the year 1821, the liberator went to Bogotá, to
+attend to the affairs of the south; when hearing of the arrival at
+Caracas of Spanish commissioners to treat for peace, he returned to
+Truxillo; but no terms were then agreed upon. In the meanwhile, the
+province of Maracaybo shook off the Spanish yoke. Morillo having departed
+for Europe, General La Torre, a brave and very superior man, succeeded to
+the command of the royal army, and made strong remonstrances against the
+movement in the province of Maracaybo, which he deemed an infraction of
+the armistice, and hostilities in consequence recommenced. The liberator
+concentrated his forces in Varinas; he detached a division to the coast
+under General Urdaneta, and another to the east, under General Bermudez,
+to divide the attention of the enemy, and marched himself against
+Caracas. On the 24th of June, the liberator attacked and defeated the
+Spaniards, who had taken up a strong position at Carabobo. The numbers on
+both sides were nearly equal. This battle decided the fate of Colombia.
+The victorious liberator entered Caracas on the 29th. On the 2nd of July,
+La Guayra also surrendered to him.</p>
+
+<p>Leaving a besieging division before Puerto Cabello, the liberator went to
+Cucuta, where he resigned once more the office of president of the
+republic, which, in admiration of his disinterestedness, instantly
+re-elected him.</p>
+
+<p>When the province of Guayaquil declared itself independent, it solicited
+the assistance of Bolivar against the Spaniards in Quito. A small
+division was accordingly sent there.</p>
+
+<p>The liberator, having signed the constitution sanctioned by congress,
+obtained leave to direct the war in the south. In January, 1822, he put
+himself at the head of the army in Popayan, and sent a reinforcement to
+General Sucre in Guayaquil.</p>
+
+<p>In the month of March, the liberator moved against the province of Pasto,
+the inhabitants of which country are surpassed in bravery by no people in
+the world, but who adhered with blind attachment to the ancient regime.
+The liberator, having overcome the obstacles presented by nature in the
+valleys of Patia, and the formidable river Guanabamba, arrived in front
+of Bombona. The <i>Pastusos</i> (inhabitants of the province of Pasto) had
+here taken up a strong position, supported by the Spanish troops. They
+were vigorously attacked; but every charge made in front was repulsed. It
+was not until the rifle battalion, commanded by the able Colonel Sands,
+outflanked the <i>Pastusos</i>, that victory declared for Bolivar; but his
+army had suffered so severely, that, instead of immediately following up
+the fugitives through a hostile country, it fell back a short distance.</p>
+
+<p>Whilst these operations were going on, Sucre liberated the provinces of
+Loja and Cuenca, and, on the 24th of May, gained the victory of
+Pinchincha, which gave independence to Quito. In the same year Carthagena
+and Cumaná, surrendered to the liberating forces in Venezuela.</p>
+
+<p>The liberator entered Quito on the 16th of June. His attention was soon
+attracted to the discontents which had arisen at Guayaquil, where the
+Colombians had become unpopular. His excellency proceeded to that town,
+and, under his auspices, the provisional government annexed the province
+to Colombia.</p>
+
+<p>One of the results of the interview which took place between the
+protector of Peru and the liberator of Colombia was the sending of an
+auxiliary force of two thousand Colombians to Lima; but the junta, which
+proceeded to the protectorate, ordered the Colombian troops to return to
+Guayaquil. The president Riva Aguero, who succeeded to the junta, applied
+for an auxiliary Colombian division of six thousand men, and invited
+Bolivar to take the command of all the military forces in Peru. The
+Colombian troops were sent to Lima. General Bolivar obtained leave from
+the congress at Bogotá to go to Peru&mdash;the grand scene of his subsequent
+triumphs.</p>
+
+<p>The person of Bolivar is thin, and somewhat below the middle size. He
+dresses in good taste, and has an easy military walk. He is a very bold
+rider, and capable of undergoing great fatigue. His <span class="pagenum"><a name="page265" id="page265"></a>[pg 265]</span> manners are good,
+and his address unaffected, but not very prepossessing. It is said that,
+in his youth, he was rather handsome. His complexion is sallow; his hair,
+originally very black, is now mixed with gray. His eyes are dark and
+penetrating, but generally downcast, or turned askance, when he speaks;
+his nose is well formed, his forehead high and broad, the lower part of
+the face is sharp; the expression of the countenance is careworn,
+lowering, and sometimes rather fierce. His temper, spoiled by adulation,
+is fiery and capricious. His opinions of men and things are variable. He
+is rather prone to personal abuse, but makes ample amends to those who
+will put up with it. Towards such his resentments are not lasting. He is
+a passionate admirer of the fair sex, but jealous to excess. He is fond
+of waltzing, and is a very quick, but not a very graceful dancer. His
+mind is of the most active description. When not more stirringly
+employed, he is always reading, dictating letters, &amp;c., or conversing.
+His voice is loud and harsh, but he speaks eloquently on most subjects.
+His reading has been principally confined to French authors; hence the
+Gallic idioms so common in his productions. He is an <i>impressive</i> writer,
+but his style is vitiated by an affectation of grandeur. Speaking so well
+as he does, it is not wonderful that he should be more fond of hearing
+himself talk than of listening to others, and apt to engross conversation
+in the society he receives. He entertains numerously, and no one has more
+skilful cooks, or gives better dinners; but he is himself so very
+abstemious, in both eating and drinking, that he seldom takes his place
+at his own table until the repast is nearly over, having probably dined
+in private upon a plain dish or two. He is fond of giving toasts, which
+he always prefaces in the most eloquent and appropriate manner; and his
+enthusiasm is so great, that he frequently mounts his chair, or the
+table, to propose them. Although the cigar is almost universally used in
+South America, Bolivar never smokes, nor does he permit smoking in his
+presence. He is never without proper officers in waiting, and keeps up a
+considerable degree of etiquette. Disinterested in the extreme with
+regard to pecuniary affairs, he is insatiably covetous of fame. Bolivar
+invariably speaks of England, of her institutions, and of her great men,
+in terms of admiration. He often dwells with great warmth upon the
+constancy, fidelity, and sterling merit of the English officers who have
+served in the cause of independence, under every varying event of the
+war. A further proof of his predilection towards England is that he has
+always had upon his personal staff a number of British subjects.</p>
+
+<p>&mdash;<i>Memoirs of General Miller</i>.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+<h2>Fine Arts.</h2>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+
+<h3>EXHIBITIONS AT THE BAZAAR,</h3>
+
+<h3><i>Oxford Street</i>.</h3>
+
+<h3>THE BRITISH DIORAMA.</h3>
+
+
+<p>On Saturday, the 11th, there was a private view of four new pictures, by
+Stanfield and Roberts, at this very interesting lounge. They consist of</p>
+
+<p>1. <i>The City of York, with the Minster on fire</i>&mdash;a picturesque view of
+the cathedral, with a mimic display of the conflagration, the accuracy of
+which will make the property-man of the Opera tremble.</p>
+
+<p>2. <i>The Temple of Apollinopolis, in Egypt</i>, a magnificent picture of
+Egyptian architecture&mdash;"noble in decay." The splendid leaved capitals of
+the pillars reminded us of the following, which we had that morning read
+in the <i>Journal of a Naturalist</i>:&mdash;"No portion of creation," says the
+author, "has been resorted to by mankind with more success for the
+ornament and decoration of their labours, than the vegetable world. The
+rites, emblems, and mysteries of religion; national achievements,
+eccentric marks, and the capricious visions of fancy, have all been
+wrought by the hand of the sculptor, on the temple, the altar, or the
+tomb; but plants, their foliage, flowers, or fruits, as the most
+graceful, varied, and pleasing objects that meet our view, have been more
+universally the object of design, and have supplied the most beautiful,
+and perhaps the earliest, embellishments of art. The pomegranate, the
+almond, and flowers, were selected even in the wilderness, and by divine
+appointment, to give form to the sacred utensils; the rewards of merit,
+the wreath of the victor, were arboraceous; in later periods, the
+acanthus, the ivy, the lotus, the vine, the palm, and the oak, flourished
+under the chisel, or beneath the loom of the artist; and in modern days,
+the vegetable world affords the almost exclusive decorations of ingenuity
+and art."</p>
+
+<p>3. <i>Entrance to the Village of Virex, in Italy</i>&mdash;a pleasing picture of
+what may be termed <i>an architectural village</i>; for some of the dwellings
+almost approach to palaces, and others have a conventual character, which
+harmonizes with the sublime beauties of nature which rise around them.</p>
+
+<p>4. <i>Interior of St. Saveur, in Normandy.</i> As an architectural picture we
+are not disposed to rate this so highly as the two preceding.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page266" id="page266"></a>[pg 266]</span>
+The alternations of light and shade are admirably managed in all of them,
+among which a flood of light streaming through one of the cathedral
+windows will be much admired. The size of each picture is 70 feet by
+50&mdash;and the four may be seen for <i>one shilling!</i></p>
+
+<p>Below stairs, the fine group from Reubens's Descent from the Cross, and
+Albert Durer's Carvings of the Life of the Virgin Mary, still continue
+open.</p>
+
+<p>Another exhibition, <i>Trepado, or Cut-Paper Work</i>, to use a vulgar phrase,
+"cut out" all the work of the kind we have ever seen. We have a sister
+very ingenious in these matters; but her productions, compared with the
+cuttings of the Oxford-street Bazaar, are as John Nash with Michael
+Angelo. These cuttings are in imitation of Line Engraving, comprising
+sixteen pictures, cut with scissars, among which are the Lord's
+Supper&mdash;Conversion of St. Paul&mdash;The Battle of Alexander&mdash;A Portrait of
+his Majesty George IV., &amp;c. They are almost the counterfeit presentment
+of pencil-drawings, such as Varley and Brookman and Langdon could not
+excel. Yet these are cut with scissars! A greater exercise of patience,
+to say the least of it, we scarcely know. Every one who wishes to cut a
+figure in the world ought to learn this art; and certain fair cutters may
+by this means spread even stronger meshes than these paper nets. We mean
+to see them again, although we have too many <i>cuttings</i> to make for the
+gratification of our readers to allow us to enter into the <i>Trepado</i>
+study <i>con amore</i>&mdash;and so with this recommendation, we <i>cut</i> the subject.
+We, however, expect to meet scores of our Easter friends in the Bazaar;
+and there is no similar establishment in London where so much may be seen
+for so little money.</p>
+
+<p>The Bazaar has lately been extended for a suite of rooms for the
+exhibition of Household Furniture, for sale. There are already several
+handsome specimens&mdash;many of them fit for the splendid palaces building in
+the Regent's Park. If the reader be one of those who "meditate on
+muffineers and plan pokers," he will enjoy this part of the Bazaar. In
+all the Parisian bazaars, there is an abundance of <i>meubles</i> and you get
+accommodated with a newspaper and a chair, as the Street-publishers say,
+"for the small charge of one penny:" might it not be so here, or is an
+Englishman obliged to read and drink (not think) at the same time?</p>
+
+<p>The counters of the Bazaar are abundantly stocked with <i>bijouterie</i> and
+nic-nacs, the <i>Nouveautes de Paris</i> and Spitalfields&mdash;Canton in China,
+and Leatherlane in Holborn&mdash;toy-carts for children, and fleecy hosiery
+for old folks&mdash;puffs and pastry, and the last new song&mdash;inkstands,
+taper-lights, pen-wipers, perfumed sealing-wax, French hair-paper,
+curling-wheels&mdash;and all the fair ammunition of love and madness. If you
+leave your purse at home, or, what is worse, if you have left your money,
+you know not where, remember Bishop Berkley, and console yourself with
+the reflection that all these things were made for your enjoyment, and
+that all around are striving to please you. This will be no trifling
+source of pleasure&mdash;it will fill your head and fill your heart with
+joy&mdash;leave the <i>pockets</i> to grosser minds.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>SOCIETY OF BRITISH ARTISTS, SUFFOLK-STREET, PALL-MALL, EAST.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>By a Correspondent</i>.</h4>
+
+
+<p>The sixth exhibition of this society is now open to the public, and the
+display of talent fully equals, or, perhaps, excels, that of former
+seasons. The society, since its commencement, has realized twelve
+thousand pounds from the sale of the works of British artists, who, thus
+stimulated by the disposal of their performances, have exerted their
+utmost ability in contributing specimens of their art to the present
+exhibition. We can, however, only notice a few of those artists who have
+been particularly successful; our limits not allowing us to extend
+justice to <i>all</i>.</p>
+
+<p>The most splendid painting in the gallery is No. 7, <i>The Departure of the
+Israelites out of Egypt</i>, by Mr. Roberts. In the performance of this
+work, the painter has evidently endeavoured to imitate Martin's
+compositions. The picture, viewed at a little distance, is certainly
+grand and imposing; on a near inspection, however, we look in vain for
+the exquisite finish, and the characteristic expression so universally
+admired in Mr. Martin's works. We advise Mr. Roberts, if he pursues this
+class of painting, to unite finish with his bold effects&mdash;for attention
+in this respect will prove the <i>denouement</i> of his pictures. No. 188,
+<i>Erle Stoke Park, the seat of G. Watson Taylor, Esq. M.P.</i> by Mr.
+Stanfield, is a very delightful picture, being remarkably chaste and
+clear in the colouring. No. 404, <i>Mattock High Tor</i>, by Mr. Hotland, and
+No. 440, <i>A Party crossing the Alps</i>, by Mr. Egerton, are works of high
+merit; as are the performances of Messrs. Wilson, Blake, Glover,<a id="footnotetag5" name="footnotetag5"></a><a href="#footnote5"><sup>5</sup></a>
+Knight, Nasmyth, Farrier, Gill, Novice, Stevens, Turner, Holmes, and
+Pidding.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page267" id="page267"></a>[pg 267]</span>
+The engravings and sculpture are likewise very creditable to the
+institution this season. Mr. Quilly has executed an excellent print from
+Stanfield's fine picture, <i>The Wreckers</i>, which was exhibited last year
+at the British Institution.</p>
+
+<p>Among the busts in the sculpture-room we notice those of Lord Eldon, Sir
+F. Burdett, Sir H. Davy, the late Lord Bishop of Salisbury, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<p>G.W.N.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+<h2>SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.</h2>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h4>(<i>Concluded from, page 254</i>.)</h4>
+
+
+<p>"<i>N'importe!</i>" exclaimed Stubbs, gaily; "there are more admirers, in this
+world, of the ridiculous than of the true, that let me tell you. But I
+must to my studies, for the night approaches. Next Monday&mdash;and this is
+Thursday&mdash;and I am by no means <i>au fait</i> yet in my part. So good
+morning&mdash;let me see you soon again&mdash;and meanwhile adieu! adieu! remember
+me!"</p>
+
+<p>Mr. M'Crab departed; and Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs prepared
+to go through the soliloquy of "To be&mdash;or not to be," before a mirror
+which reflected the whole of his person.</p>
+
+<p>Monday came, and oh! with what a flutter of delight Mr. Stubbs cast his
+eyes upon that part of the paper, where the play for the evening was
+announced, and where he read, "<i>This evening will be acted the tragedy of
+Hamlet: the part of Hamlet by a gentleman, his first appearance on any
+stage.</i>"</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>His carriage was at the door&mdash;and he told the coachman to drive down &mdash;&mdash;
+street, that he might see in passing along, whether the crowd at the pit
+and gallery doors, would obstruct his progress. It was not quite so large
+as to stretch across the carriage road; but he was sure there were some
+hundreds, though so early, and he thought they must have heard who the
+"gentleman" was, that was then rolling by. He would not be positive, too;
+but he could almost swear he heard an huzza, as he passed along. There
+were above a dozen persons collected round the stage door; and he plainly
+perceived that <i>they</i> drew back with respectful admiration, as the new
+Hamlet stepped out of his carriage.</p>
+
+<p>He hastened to his dressing-room, where he found his friend, the manager,
+Mr. Peaess, who shook him by the hand, as he informed him that they had
+an excellent box-book. Stubbs smiled graciously; and the manager left him
+with his dresser, to attire himself in his "customary suit of solemn
+black." Mr. Stubbs had kept his intention of stuffing the character a
+profound secret, fearful lest any technical objections should be made by
+Mr. Peaess, and desirous also of making the first impression in the
+green-room. When he entered it, therefore, in the likeness of a chubby
+undertaker, ready for a funeral, rather than in that of the "unmatched
+form and feature of blown youth"&mdash;in short, the very type and image of
+poor Tokely in <i>Peter Pastoral</i>,&mdash;his eyes and ears were on the alert to
+catch the look of surprise, and buzz of admiration, which he very
+naturally anticipated. He was a little daunted by a suppressed titter
+which ran round the room; but he was utterly confounded when his best and
+dearest friend, Mr. Peaess himself, coming up to him exclaimed,&mdash;"Why,
+zounds! Mr. Stubbs, what have you been doing? By &mdash;&mdash;, the audience will
+never stand this."</p>
+
+<p>"Stand what?" replied Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs.</p>
+
+<p>"What!" echoed the manager; "why this pot-belly, and those cherub
+cheeks."</p>
+
+<p>"Pooh! pooh!" replied Stubbs, "it's Shakspeare's, and I can prove it."</p>
+
+<p>"You may pooh! pooh! as much as you like, Mr. Stubbs," rejoined the
+manager; "but, by &mdash;&mdash;, you've made a mere apple-dumpling of yourself."</p>
+
+<p>"Do you think so," exclaimed Stubbs, glancing in one of the
+mirrors&mdash;"Well; I do assure you it is Shakspeare, and I'll prove it. But
+what shall I do?" and he looked imploringly round upon the broad,
+grinning countenances of the other performers.</p>
+
+<p>"Do?" ejaculated Mr. Peaess; "you can do nothing now&mdash;the curtain has
+been up these ten minutes; Horatio and Marcellus are coming off, and you
+must go on."</p>
+
+<p>At this moment the ghost of Hamlet's father entered the room, but before
+he had time to look upon his son, the call-boy's summons was heard for
+the King, Queen, Hamlet, Polonius, Laertes, &amp;c., to be ready, and forth
+sallied poor Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs, to prove, if he
+could, to the audience, that his rotundity was perfectly Shakspearian.</p>
+
+<p>The awful flourish of drum and trumpet was sounded;&mdash;their majesties of
+Denmark, attended by their train of courtiers, walked on. There is a
+pause! All eyes are bent in eager gaze to catch the first glimpse of the
+new Hamlet&mdash;all hands are ready to applaud. He appears&mdash;boxes, pit, and
+gallery, join in the generous welcome of the unknown candidate. He
+revives&mdash;hastens to the <span class="pagenum"><a name="page268" id="page268"></a>[pg 268]</span>
+foot-lights&mdash;bows&mdash;another round of
+applause&mdash;bows again&mdash;and again&mdash;and then falls back, to let the business
+of the scene proceed. He looks round, meanwhile, with the swelling
+consciousness that he is that moment "the observed of all observers," and
+tries to rally his agitated spirits; but just as he is beginning to do
+so, his wandering eye rests upon the ill-omened face of M'Crab, seated in
+the front-row of the stage-box, who is gazing at him with a grotesque
+smile, which awakens an overwhelming recollection of his own prediction,
+that he "would be horribly laughed at, if he did make Hamlet a fat little
+fellow," as well as a bewildering reminiscence of the manager's, that,
+"by &mdash;&mdash;, the audience would not stand it."</p>
+
+<p>It was soon evident they would not, or rather that they could not stand
+it. But it was not alone his new reading in what regarded the person of
+Hamlet, that excited astonishment. Mr. Stubbs had so many other new
+readings, that before he got to the end of his first speech, beginning
+with, "Seems, madam! nay, it is," they were satisfied of what was to
+follow. When, however, Mr. Stubbs stood alone upon the stage, in the full
+perfection of his figure, and concentrated upon himself the undivided
+attention of the house&mdash;when he gathered up his face into an
+indescribable aspect of woe&mdash;but, above all, when, placing his two hands
+upon his little round belly, he exclaimed, while looking sorrowfully at
+it,</p>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">"Oh, that this too, too solid flesh would melt,</p>
+<p class="i6">(Pat, went the right hand,)</p>
+<p class="i2">Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew,"</p>
+<p class="i6">(Pat, went the left hand,)</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>the effect was irresistible. One roar of laughter shook the theatre, from
+the back row of the shilling gallery to the first row of the pit, mingled
+with cries of <i>bravo! bravo! go on, my little fellow&mdash;you shall have fair
+play&mdash;silence&mdash;bravo! silence!</i>&mdash;Stubbs, meanwhile, looked as if he were
+really wondering what they were all laughing at; and when at length
+silence was partially restored, he continued his soliloquy. His delivery
+of the lines,</p>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">"Fye on't oh fye! 'tis an unweeded garden</p>
+<p class="i2">That grown to seed: things rank and gross in nature," &amp;c.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>was one of his new readings&mdash;for holding up his finger, and looking
+towards the audience with a severe expression of countenance, it appeared
+as though he were chiding their ill manners in laughing at him, when he
+said, "Fye on't&mdash;oh, fye!"</p>
+
+<p>He was allowed to proceed, however, with such interruptions only as his
+own original conceptions of the part provoked from time to time; or when
+any thing he had to say was obviously susceptible of an application to
+himself. Thus, for example, in the scene with Horatio and Marcellus,
+after his interview with the ghost:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2"><i>"Ham</i>.           And now, good friends,</p>
+<p class="i2">As you are friends, scholars, and soldiers,</p>
+<p class="i2">Give me one poor request.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2"><i>Hor</i>. What is it, my lord? We will.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2"><i>Ham. Never make known what you have seen to-night."</i></p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>"Let him, if he likes," exclaimed a voice from the pit&mdash;"he'll never see
+such a sight again."&mdash;Then, in his instructions to the players, his
+delivery of them was accompanied by something like the following running
+commentary:</p>
+
+<p>"Speak the speech, I pray you, as I pronounced it to you, (<i>that is
+impossible!</i>) trippingly on the tongue: but if you mouth it, as many of
+our players do, (<i>laughter</i>,) I had as lief the town-crier spoke my
+lines. * * * Oh, it offends me to the soul, to hear a robustious,
+periwig-pated fellow (<i>like yourself</i>) tear a passion to tatters, &amp;c.&mdash;I
+would have such a fellow whipped (<i>give it him, he deserves it</i>) for
+o'erdoing Termagant. * * * Oh, there be players that I have seen play,
+(<i>no, we see him,</i>) and heard others praise, and that highly, (<i>oh! oh!
+oh!</i>) not to speak it profanely, that, having neither the accent of
+Christians, (<i>ha! ha! ha!</i>) nor the gait of Christian, Pagan, nor man,
+have so strutted (<i>bravo! little 'un!</i>) and bellowed, (<i>hit him again!</i>)
+that I have thought some of nature's journeymen had made men, (<i>who made
+you?</i>) and not made them well, (<i>no, you are a bad fit</i>,) they imitated
+humanity so abominably." (<i>Roars of laughter</i>.)</p>
+
+<p>It was thus Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs enacted Hamlet; and it
+was not till the end of the fourth act that he suffered a single
+observation to escape him, which indicated he thought any thing was
+amiss. Then, indeed, while sitting in the green-room, and as if the idea
+had just struck him, he said to Mr. Peaess, "Do you know, I begin to
+think I have some enemies in the house, for when, in the scene with
+Ophelia, I said, 'What should such fellows as I do crawling between earth
+and heaven?' somebody called out, loud enough for me to hear him, 'Ay!
+what, indeed?' It's very odd. Did you notice it, ma'am?" he continued
+addressing the lady who performed Ophelia. "I can't say I did," replied
+the lady, biting her lips most unmercifully, to preserve her gravity of
+countenance.</p>
+
+<p>This was the only remark made by the <span class="pagenum"><a name="page269" id="page269"></a>[pg 269]</span>
+inimitable Mr. Stubbs during the
+whole evening, and he went through the fifth act with unabated
+self-confidence. His dying scene was honoured with thunders of applause,
+and loud cries of <i>encore</i>. Stubbs raised his head, and looking at
+Horatio, who was bending over him, inquired, "Do you think they mean it?"</p>
+
+<p>"Lie still, for God's sake!" exclaimed Horatio, and the curtain slowly
+descended amid deafening roars of laughter, and shouts of hurrah! hurrah!</p>
+
+<p>The next morning, at breakfast, Stubbs found all the daily papers on his
+table, pursuant to his directions. He took up one, and read, in large
+letters&mdash;"THEATRE. FIRST AND LAST APPEARANCE OF MR. HENRY AUGUSTUS
+CONSTANTINE STUBBS IN HAMLET."</p>
+
+<p>He read no more. The paper dropped from his hands; and Mr. Stubbs
+remained nothing but a GENTLEMAN all the rest of his life&mdash;<i>Blackwood's
+Mag</i>.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>LINES WRITTEN AT WARWICK CASTLE.<a id="footnotetag6" name="footnotetag6"></a><a href="#footnote6"><sup>6</sup></a></h3>
+
+<h4>BY CHARLES BADHAM, M.D. F.R.S.</h4>
+
+<h4><i>Professor of Medicine in the University of Glasgow</i>.</h4>
+
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">I.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">I leave thee, Warwick, and thy precincts grey,</p>
+<p class="i4">Amidst a thousand winters still the same,</p>
+<p class="i2">Ere tempests rend thy last sad leaves away,</p>
+<p class="i4">And from thy bowers the native rock reclaim;</p>
+<p class="i2">Crisp dews now glitter on the joyless field,</p>
+<p class="i4">The gun's red disk now sheds no parting rays,</p>
+<p class="i2">And through thy trophied hall the burnished shield</p>
+<p class="i4">Disperses wide the swiftly mounting blaze.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">II.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Thy pious paladins from Jordan's shore,</p>
+<p class="i4">And all thy steel-clad barons are at rest;</p>
+<p class="i2">Thy turrets sound to warder's tread no more;</p>
+<p class="i4">Beneath their brow the dove hath hung her nest;</p>
+<p class="i2">High on thy beams the harmless falchion shines;</p>
+<p class="i4">No stormy trumpet wakes thy deep repose;</p>
+<p class="i2">Past are the days that, on the serried lines</p>
+<p class="i4">Around thy walls, saw the portcullis close.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">III.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">The bitter feud was quell'd, the culverin</p>
+<p class="i4">No longer flash'd, us blighting mischief round,</p>
+<p class="i2">But many an age was on those ivies green,</p>
+<p class="i4">Ere Taste's calm eye had scann'd the gifted ground;</p>
+<p class="i2">Bade the fair path o'er glade or woodland stray,</p>
+<p class="i4">Bade Avon's swans through new Rialtos glide,</p>
+<p class="i2">Forced through the rock its deeply channell'd way,</p>
+<p class="i4">And threw, to Arts of peace, the portals wide.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">IV.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">But most to Her, whose light and daring hand</p>
+<p class="i4">Can swiftly follow Fancy's wildest dream!</p>
+<p class="i2">All times and nations in whose presence stand,</p>
+<p class="i4">All that creation owns, her boundless theme!</p>
+<p class="i2">And with her came the maid of Attic stole,</p>
+<p class="i4">Untaught of dazzling schools the gauds to prize,</p>
+<p class="i2">Who breathes in purest forms her calm control,</p>
+<p class="i4">Heroic strength, and grace that never dies!</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">V.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Ye that have linger'd o'er each form divine,</p>
+<p class="i4">Beneath the vault of Rome's unsullied sky,</p>
+<p class="i2">Or where Bologna's cloister'd walls enshrine</p>
+<p class="i4">Her martyr Saint&mdash;her mystic Rosary&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i2">Of Arragon the hapless daughter view!</p>
+<p class="i4">Scan, for ye may, that fine enamel near!</p>
+<p class="i2">Such Catherine was, thus Leonardo drew&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i4">Discern ye not the "Jove of painters" here?</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">VI.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Discern ye not the mighty master's power</p>
+<p class="i4">In yon devoted Saint's uplifted eye?</p>
+<p class="i2">That clouds the brow and bids already lour</p>
+<p class="i4">O'er the First Charles the shades of sorrows nigh?</p>
+<p class="i2">That now on furrow'd front of Rembrandt gleams,</p>
+<p class="i4">Now breathes the rose of life and beauty there,</p>
+<p class="i2">In the soft eye of Henrietta dreams,</p>
+<p class="i2">And fills with fire the glance of Gondomar?</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">VII.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Here to Salvator's solemn pencil true,</p>
+<p class="i4">Huge oaks swing rudely in the mountain blast;</p>
+<p class="i2">Here grave Poussin on gloomy canvass threw</p>
+<p class="i4">The lights that steal from clouds of tempest past;</p>
+<p class="i2">And see! from Canaletti's glassy wave,</p>
+<p class="i4">Like Eastern mosques, patrician Venice rise;</p>
+<p class="i2">Or marble moles that rippling waters lave,</p>
+<p class="i4">Where Claude's warm sunsets tinge Italian skies!</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">VIII.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Nor let the critic frown such themes arraign,</p>
+<p class="i4">Here sleep the mellow lyre's enchanting keys;</p>
+<p class="i2">Here the wrought table's darkly polish'd plain,</p>
+<p class="i4">Proffers light lore to much-enduring ease;</p>
+<p class="i2">Enamelled clocks here strike the silver bell;</p>
+<p class="i4">Here Persia spreads the web of many dies;</p>
+<p class="i2">Around, on silken couch, soft cushions swell,</p>
+<p class="i4">That Stambol's viziers proud might not despise.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">IX.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">The golden lamp here sheds its pearly light,</p>
+<p class="i4">Within the cedar'd panels, dusky pale;</p>
+<p class="i2">No mirror'd walls the wandering glance invite,</p>
+<p class="i4">No gauzy curtains drop the misty veil.</p>
+<p class="i2">And there the vista leads of lessening doors,</p>
+<p class="i4">And there the summer sunset's golden gleam</p>
+<p class="i2">Along the line of darkling portrait pours,</p>
+<p class="i4">And warms the polish'd oak or ponderous beam.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">X.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Hark! from the depths beneath that proud saloon</p>
+<p class="i4">The water's moan comes fitful and subdued,</p>
+<p class="i2">Where in mild glory yon triumphant moon</p>
+<p class="i4">Smiles on the arch that nobly spans the flood&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i2">And here have kings and hoary statesmen gazed,</p>
+<p class="i4">When spring with garlands deck'd the vale below,</p>
+<p class="i2">Or when the waning year had lightly razed</p>
+<p class="i4">The banks where Avon's lingering fountains flow.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">XI.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">And did no minstrel greet the courtly throng?</p>
+<p class="i4">Did no fair flower of English loveliness</p>
+<p class="i2">On timid lute sustain some artless song,</p>
+<p class="i4">Her meek brow bound with smooth unbraided tress?</p>
+<p class="i2">For Music knew not yet the stately guise,</p>
+<p class="i4">Content with simplest notes to touch the soul,</p>
+<p class="i2">Not from her choirs as when loud anthems rise,</p>
+<p class="i4">Or when she bids orchestral thunders roll!</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">XII.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Here too the deep and fervent orison</p>
+<p class="i4">Hath matron whisper'd for her absent lord,</p>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page270" id="page270"></a>[pg 270]</span></p>
+<p class="i2">Peril'd in civil wars, that shook the throne,</p>
+<p class="i4">When every hand in England, clench'd the sword:&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i2">And here, as tales and chronicles agree,</p>
+<p class="i4">If tales and chronicles be deem'd sincere,</p>
+<p class="i2">Fair Warwick's heiress smiled at many a plea</p>
+<p class="i4">Of puissant Thane, or Norman cavalier.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">XIII.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Or dost thou sigh for theme of classic lore</p>
+<p class="i4">Midst arms and moats, and battlements and towers?</p>
+<p class="i2">Behold the Vase! that, erst on Anio's shore,</p>
+<p class="i4">Hath found a splendid home in Warwick's bowers:</p>
+<p class="i2">To British meads ere yet the Saxon came,</p>
+<p class="i4">The pomp of senates swept its pedestal,</p>
+<p class="i2">And kings of many an Oriental name</p>
+<p class="i4">Have seen its shadow, and are perish'd all!</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">XIV.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Haply it stood on that illustrious ground</p>
+<p class="i4">Where circling columns once, in sculptur'd pride,</p>
+<p class="i2">With fine volute or wreath'd acanthus crown'd,</p>
+<p class="i4">Rear'd some light roof by Anio's plunging tide;</p>
+<p class="i2">There, in the brightness of the votive fane</p>
+<p class="i4">To rural or to vintage gods addrest,</p>
+<p class="i2">Those vine clad symbols of Pan's peaceful reign</p>
+<p class="i4">Amidst dark pines their sacred seats possess'd.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">XV.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Or, did it break with soft and silvery shower</p>
+<p class="i4">The silence of some marble solitude,</p>
+<p class="i2">Where Adrian, at the fire fly's glittering hour,</p>
+<p class="i4">Of rumour'd worlds to come the doubts review'd?</p>
+<p class="i2">Go mark his tomb!&mdash;in that sepulchral mole</p>
+<p class="i4">Scowls the fell bandit:&mdash;from its towering height</p>
+<p class="i2">Old Tiber's flood reflects the girandole,</p>
+<p class="i4">Midst bells, and shouts, and rockets' arrowy flight!</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">XVI.</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Warwick, farewell! Long may thy fortunes stand,</p>
+<p class="i4">And sires of sires hold rule within thy walls,</p>
+<p class="i2">Thy streaming banners to the breeze expand,</p>
+<p class="i4">And the heart's griefs pass lightly o'er thy halls!</p>
+<p class="i2">May happier bards, on Avon's sedgy shore,</p>
+<p class="i4">Sustain on nobler lyre thy poet's vow,</p>
+<p class="i2">And all thy future lords (what can they more?)</p>
+<p class="i4">Wear the green laurels of thy fame, as now!</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<h3>NOTES.</h3>
+
+<p>One of the towers of Warwick Castle is complimented with the name of
+Guy's Tower; certain ponderous armour and utensils preserved in the lodge
+are also attributed to Guy; nobody, in short, thinks of Guy without
+Warwick, or of Warwick without Guy; "Arms and the Man" ought to have been
+emblazoned on the castle banner; and why should I hesitate to say, that
+one of the most amiable of children perpetuates the heroic name within
+its walls? Had this renowned adventurer been ambitious of patriarchal
+honours, his descendants might have extended the ancestral renown, and
+have furnished many a ballad of those good old times; but when the Saxon
+Ulysses had returned from his pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and made an end of
+Colbrand and the Dun Cow, his fancy was to take alms in disguise from his
+own fair lady, at his own castle gate, and then retire (<i>tous les goúts
+sont respectables</i>) to a certain hole or cave called Guy's Cliff, where
+he amused himself (in the intervals of rheumatism) for the rest of his
+natural life in counting his beads and ruminating on his sins, which, as
+he was a great traveller and a hero, might have been considerable.</p>
+
+
+<h4>STANZA III.</h4>
+
+<p>The following interesting passage is copied from a book of ordinary
+occurrence, in which it is cited without stating the authority. It is
+more than doubtful if any other nobleman in the kingdom, at that time or
+since, has projected or executed so much on his own property as the late
+Earl of Warwick:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>"I purchased a magnificent collection of pictures by Vandyke, Rubens, &amp;c.
+The marbles are not equalled, perhaps, in the kingdom. I made a noble
+approach to the castle through a solid rock, built a porter's lodge, and
+founded a library full of books, some valuable and scarce, all well
+chosen. I made an armoury, and built walls round the court and pleasure
+gardens. I built a noble green-house, and filled it with beautiful
+plants. I placed in it a vase, considered the finest remain of Grecian
+art, for its size and beauty. I made a noble lake, from 3 to 600 feet
+broad, and a mile long. I planted trees, now worth 100,000<i>l</i>., besides
+100 acres of ash. I built a stone bridge of 105 feet in span, every stone
+from 2,000 to 3,800 lbs in weight. The weight of the first tier on the
+centre was estimated at 1,000 tons. I gave the bridge to the town with no
+toll on it. I will not enumerate a great many other things done by me.
+Let Warwick Castle speak for itself."</p>
+
+<h4>STANZA X.</h4>
+
+<p>There is a <i>feeling of respect</i> inspired by ancient buildings of
+importance. Such a castle as Warwick, which has lodged a succession of
+generations of the most opposite characters&mdash;at one time the "dulcis et
+quieti animi vir, et qui, cougruo suis moribus studio, vitam egit et
+clausit;" at another by the assassin of Piers de Gaveston, the king's
+favourite, "whose head he cut off upon Blacklow Hill, and gave the friars
+preachers the charge of his body, inasmuch as he had called the said earl
+the Black Dog of Arderne"&mdash;is not to be approached as one visits a
+handsome stone house of Palladian architecture!&mdash;such a house we know can
+never have been the scene either of council or conspiracy; within such
+walls there can never have been "latens odium inter regem et proceres, et
+præsecipuè inter comitem de Warwick et adhærentes ejusdem."</p>
+
+<p>As to the river and its swans. I have learned from the bard to whom it
+has been long since consecrated, (although he may not have had the right
+of fishing in it when alive,) that "discretion is the better part of
+valour."</p>
+
+<p>If I were to describe the walks, I should only say that they were
+contrived, as all walks ought to be, to let in the sun or to shut him out
+by turns. Here you rejoice in the fulness of his meridian strength, and
+here in the shadows of various depth and intensity, which a well disposed
+and happily contrasted sylvan population knows how to effect. The
+senatorial oak, the spreading sycamore, the beautiful plane, (which I
+never see without recollecting the channel of the Asopus and the woody
+sides of Oeta,) the aristocratic pine running up in solitary stateliness
+till it equal the castle turrets&mdash;all these, and many more, are admirably
+intermingled and contrasted, in plantations which establish, as every
+thing in and about the castle does, the consummate taste of the late
+earl, although it must be admitted he had the finest subjects to work
+upon, from the happy disposition of the ground. I shall never forget the
+first time I walked over them; a pheasant occasionally shifting his
+quarters at my intrusion, and making his noisy way through an ether so
+clear, so pure, so motionless, that the broad leaves subsided, rather
+than fell to the ground, without the least disturbance; the tall grey
+chimneys just breathing their smoke upon the blue element, which they
+scarcely stained; every green thing was beginning to wear the colour of
+decay, and many a tint of yellow, deepening into orange, made me sensible
+that "there be tongues in trees," if not "good in every thing." But
+Montaigne says nothing is useless, <i>not even inutility itself</i>.</p>
+
+<h4>STANZA XIII.</h4>
+
+<p>This superb work of antiquity must indeed be seen, to be sufficiently
+estimated: the great failure of that branch of the fine arts which is
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page271" id="page271"></a>[pg 271]</span>
+employed to represent all the rest, is in the inadequate idea of size
+which it must necessarily give where the objects to be represented are
+large.</p>
+
+<p>The marble vases now extant are, of course, comparatively few in number,
+and this is, perhaps, excepting the Medicean, the finest of them all. The
+best representations of it are those in Piranesi, three in number. One
+great, and conspicuous beauty of this vase consists in the elegantly
+formed handles, and in the artful insertion of the extreme branches of
+the vine-stems which compose them, into its margin, where they throw off
+a rich embroidery of leaves and fruit. A lion's skin, with the head and
+claws attached, form a sort of drapery, and the introduction of the
+thyrsus, the lituus, and three bacchanalian masks on each side, complete
+the embellishments. The capacity of this vase is 103 gallons, its
+diameter 9 feet, its pedestal of course modern. It was discovered in
+1770, in the draining of a mephitic lake within the enclosure of the
+Villa Adriana, called Laga di Pantanello. Lord Warwick had reason to be
+proud of his vase, which had this peculiarity, that, whereas almost every
+other object of art in the kingdom has been catalogued and sold over and
+over again, this vase passed (after a sufficiently long parenthesis of
+time) <i>immediately from the gardens of Adrian to his own!</i></p>
+
+<p><i>Blackwood's Magazine.</i></p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+<h2>Manners &amp; Customs of all Nations.</h2>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+
+<h3>HEAVING.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4>
+
+
+<p>They have a ludicrous custom in Staffordshire, at Easter, which they call
+heaving. The males claim Easter Monday, and the females Tuesday, and on
+this day a group of the latter assemble, and every male they meet with
+they seize, and one of them salutes him with a kiss, after which they all
+lay hold of him and heave him up as high as they can, for this they
+require some donation, which, if refused, they will seize his hat,
+handkerchief, or any thing they can lay hold of. This lasts till twelve
+o'clock. Sometimes old women collect together, and then woe be to the
+person who does not present them with a trifle, and thus stop their
+proceedings; for if not, their snuffy beaks might come in contact with
+their prisoners' lips. They often collect 10 or 12<i>s</i>. and spend it in
+carousing at night.</p>
+
+<p>W.H.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>CONVICTS IN NEW SOUTH WALES.</h3>
+
+
+<p>The regular hours of work are from sun-rise to sun-set; but so few
+settlers get up to see that this time is kept, that a much shorter period
+is generally employed in labour. The expense of maintaining a convict is
+rather a difficult calculation: where there are many men, they are, of
+course, supported at much less per man than where there are but few, from
+being able to buy slop clothes, tea, and the other necessaries, at
+wholesale prices, of the importing merchant. The waste, also, made by the
+convicts in their meat, &amp;c. is a serious consideration: the head and
+entrails of animals slaughtered for their use, and which an English
+labourer would be glad of, are thrown away as only fit for the dogs;
+nothing but the body and legs are deemed sufficiently good for these
+dainty characters. Taking all expenses into consideration, I think that
+from 25<i>l</i>. to 30<i>l</i>. per man may be estimated as the annual
+cost&mdash;<i>Widowson's Present State of Van Dieman's Land</i>.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>THROWING STONES AT THE DEVIL.</h3>
+
+
+<p>On arriving at Wady Muna, each nation encamped upon the spot which custom
+has assigned to it, at every returning Hadj. After disposing of the
+baggage, the hadjys hastened to the ceremony of throwing stones at the
+devil. It is said that, when Abraham or Ibrahim returned from the
+pilgrimage to Arafat, and arrived at Wady Muna, the devil Eblys presented
+himself before him at the entrance of the valley, to obstruct his
+passage; when the angel Gabriel, who accompanied the patriarch, advised
+him to throw stones at him, which he did, and after pelting him seven
+times, Eblys retired. When Abraham reached the middle of the valley, he
+again appeared before him, and, for the last time, at its western
+extremity, and was both times repulsed by the same number of stones.
+According to Azraky, the Pagan Arabs, in commemoration of this tradition,
+used to cast stones in this valley as they returned from the pilgrimage;
+and setup seven idols at Muna, of which there was one in each of the
+three spots where the devil appeared, at each of which they cast three
+stones. Mohammed, who made this ceremony one of the chief duties of the
+hadjys, increased the number of stones to seven. At the entrance of the
+valley, towards Mezdelfe, stands a rude stone pillar, or rather altar,
+between six or seven feet high, in the midst of the street, against which
+the first seven stones are thrown, as the place where the devil made his
+first stand: towards the middle of the valley is a similar pillar, and at
+its western end a wall of stones, which is made to serve the same
+purpose. The hadjys crowded in rapid succession round the first pillar,
+called "Djamrat el Awla;" and every one threw seven small stones
+successively upon it; they then passed to the second and third spots
+(called "Djamrat el Owsat," and "Djamrat el Sofaly," or "el Akaba," or
+"el Aksa,") where the same ceremony was repeated. In throwing the stones,
+they are to exclaim, "In the name of God; God is great (we do this) to
+secure ourselves from the <span class="pagenum"><a name="page272" id="page272"></a>[pg 272]</span>
+devil and his troops." The stones used for
+this purpose are to be of the size of a horse-bean, or thereabouts; and
+the pilgrims are advised to collect them in the plain of Mezdelfe, but
+they may likewise take them from Muna; and many people, contrary to the
+law, collect those that have already been thrown.&mdash;<i>Burckhardt's
+Travels</i>.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+<h2>THE GATHERER.</h2>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">A snapper up of unconsidered trifles.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>SHAKSPEARE.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+<h3>THE COACHMAN.</h3>
+
+
+<p>The moment he has got his seat and made his start, you are struck at once
+with the perfect mastership of his art. The hand just over his left
+thigh, the arm without constraint, steady, and with a holding command
+that keeps his horses like clock-work; yet to a superficial observer
+quite with loose reins; so firm and compact he is, that you seldom
+observe any shifting, only to take a shorter purchase for a run down
+hill; his right hand and whip are beautifully in unison; the crop, if not
+in a direct line with the box, over the near wheel, raised gracefully up
+as it were to reward the near side horse; the thong&mdash;the thong after
+three twists, which appears in his hand to have been placed by the maker
+never to be altered or improved ...... and if the off-side horse becomes
+slack, to see the turn of his arm to reduce a twist, or to reverse, if
+necessary, is exquisite: after being <i>placed under the rib</i>, or upon the
+shoulder point, up comes the arm, and with it the thong returns to the
+elegant position upon the crop! I say elegant! the stick, highly polished
+yew&mdash;rather light&mdash;not too taper&mdash;yet elastic; a thong in clean order,
+pliable. All done without effort&mdash;merely a turn of the wrist!</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>At twelve o'clock at noon, on the day before Easter, the resurrection
+service begins at the Quirinal Chapel at Rome; when a curtain is drawn
+back, which conceals a picture of our Lord: bells ring, drums are beaten,
+guns are fired, and joy succeeds to mourning.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<h3>ACROSTIC ON "THE MIRROR."</h3>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">MIRROR! methinks your name indeed is true</p>
+<p class="i2">In every other point, except that you,</p>
+<p class="i2">Resplendent with the wisdom of mankind,</p>
+<p class="i2">Reflect not to the <i>sight</i>, but to the <i>mind</i>.</p>
+<p class="i2">Oh! may success then to your pains accrue,</p>
+<p class="i2">Rewarding all your merit with its due.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>D.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<h3>LOVE.</h3>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Love reigns the lord of every mortal heart;</p>
+<p class="i2">He wounds the beggar, wounds the king,</p>
+<p class="i2">And is the fairest, falsest thing,</p>
+<p class="i2">That e'er excited joy, or bade a bosom smart.</p>
+<p class="i2">Light as the wind, rough as the wave,</p>
+<p class="i2">He's both a tyrant and a slave;</p>
+<p class="i2">A fire that freezes, and a frost that's hot,</p>
+<p class="i2">A bitter sweet, a luscious sour,</p>
+<p class="i2">Wretched is he who knows his pow'r,</p>
+<p class="i2">But far more wretched still is he who knows it not.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<hr />
+
+<h3>TRUTH, A FABLE.</h3>
+
+<p>At the gates of Sorbonne, Truth one day showed her face. The syndic met
+her. "What," said he, "do you want?" "Alas! hospitality." "Your name?"
+"My name is Truth." "Flee," said he, in anger, "flee, or I seek vengeance
+on your profaneness." "You chase me away," answered Truth; "but I live in
+hope to have my turn, being the spoiled child of Time, and gaining every
+thing by the means of my father."</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>The initial letters of the Latin names of the kings of Bonaparte's family
+form the Latin word <i>Nihil</i>, (nothing;) and this used to be called the
+genealogical acrostic:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">L udovicus.</p>
+<p class="i2">I osephus.</p>
+<p class="i2">H ieronymus.</p>
+<p class="i2">I oachim.</p>
+<p class="i2">N apoleo.</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<p>T.B.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<h3>THE SUBTERFUGE.</h3>
+
+<div class="poem">  <div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">"I vow, my dear Strephon," said Chloe one day,</p>
+<p class="i4">While Damon lay hid in the bower,</p>
+<p class="i2">"Yon sun that now gazes shall see a kiss given</p>
+<p class="i4">To no one but thee from this hour."</p>
+  </div><div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Now Strephon is gone&mdash;and with mournful eye</p>
+<p class="i4">Poor Damon upbraided the fair.</p>
+<p class="i2">"Hush! blockhead," said Chloe, "the sun's now on high,</p>
+<p class="i4">But d'ye think it will always be there?"</p>
+  </div>  </div>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>Lately published, with a Frontispiece, and thirty other Engravings, price
+5<i>s</i>.</p>
+
+<h4>THE ARCANA OF SCIENCE, AND ANNUAL REGISTER OF THE USEFUL ARTS, FOR 1829.</h4>
+
+<p>"This is a valuable register of the progress of science and arts during
+the past year. Engravings and a low price qualify it for extensive
+utility."&mdash;<i>Literary Gazette, March</i> 21.</p>
+
+<p>"An agreeable and useful little volume."&mdash;<i>Athenæum, Feb</i>. 18.</p>
+
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote1" name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a href="#footnotetag1"> (return) </a><p>The eight principal public schools of the kingdom are
+considered to be those of Winchester; Westminster; Eton; Harrow; the
+Charter House; Merchant Tailor's; St. Paul's; and Rugby.</p></blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote2" name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a href="#footnotetag2"> (return) </a><p>We have often seen an etching of this exhibition.</p></blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote3" name="footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b><a href="#footnotetag3"> (return) </a><p> It must be recollected that wild fowl in consequence of
+their living on animal diet, give more readily a putrid disposition to
+the fluids.</p></blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote4" name="footnote4"></a><b>Footnote 4:</b><a href="#footnotetag4"> (return) </a><p>Colonel Macirone also sent out above two thousand men, who
+were employed in the capture of Porto Bello and Rio de la Hacha. This
+caused a very favourable diversion for Bolivar in Venezuela, as it
+distracted the attention of the royalists, and but for the pusillanimous
+conduct of Macgregor, who commanded the expedition, might have proved of
+lasting advantage.</p></blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote5" name="footnote5"></a><b>Footnote 5:</b><a href="#footnotetag5"> (return) </a><p><i>Apropos</i>, three are twenty-three pictures by this gentleman
+in the gallery.</p></blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote6" name="footnote6"></a><b>Footnote 6:</b><a href="#footnotetag6"> (return) </a><p>These lines will form a beautiful pendant to the picturesque
+Engraving of WARWICK CASTLE, in No. 357 of the MIRROR&mdash;as well as to the
+very interesting antiquarian description by our esteemed correspondent
+<i>L.L.</i></p></blockquote>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<p><i>Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand, (near Somerset House,)
+London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market, Leipsic; and by all
+Newsmen and Booksellers.</i></p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement,
+and Instruction, No. 366, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE ***
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+</body>
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and
+Instruction, No. 366, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, No. 366
+       Vol. XIII, No. 366., Saturday, April 18, 1829
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: July 12, 2004 [EBook #12899]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jonathan Ingram and PG Distributed Proofreaders
+
+
+
+
+THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.
+
+VOL. XIII, No. 366.] SATURDAY, APRIL 18, 1829. [PRICE 2d.
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+HARROW SCHOOL.
+
+[Illustration: HARROW SCHOOL.]
+
+  To lofty HARROW now.--THOMSON.
+
+
+Harrow-on-the-hill was a place of some consideration, even before the
+foundation of the scholastic establishment which now forms its principal
+boast. The Archbishops of Canterbury had an occasional residence here, in
+the centuries briefly succeeding the Norman Conquest; and they obtained
+for the inhabitants a weekly market, long since fallen into disuse.
+
+The _Free Grammar School_ of Harrow, which now ranks amongst the eight
+great schools of England,[1] like most foundations of a similar nature,
+proceeded from a small beginning. In the 14th year of Elizabeth, John
+Lyon, a wealthy yeoman, of Preston, in this parish, procured letters
+patent, and special license from the crown, for the foundation of the
+school, to which for many years, he only contributed the sum of 30 marks
+annually; but in the year 1590, he developed his full intentions,
+provided for their observance, and drew up a code of regulations for the
+foundation. Among these provisions the following are curiously
+characteristic of the times:--The founder expresses his intention to
+build "meete and convenient Roomes for the said Schoole Mr and Usher to
+inhabite and dwell in; as also a large and convenient Schoole House, with
+a chimney in it. And, alsoe, a cellar under the said Roomes and Schoole
+House, to lay in wood and coales;" the master's salary he fixes at L26.
+13s. 4d. per annum, besides L3. 6s. 8d. on the 1st of May,
+towards his provision of fuel; the usher's at L13. 6s. 8d. with L3.
+6s. 8d. for fuel. The founder declares his desire that the School
+shall consist of a "meete and convenient number of schollers, as well of
+poor, to be taught freely," (which privilege he confines to the children
+of the inhabitants of Harrow;) "as of others, to be received for ye
+further profitt and commoditie of the schoole-master." The regulations
+provide for the government of the school with curious minuteness, and
+describe the number of forms; the books and exercises allotted to
+each; the mode of correction; the hours of attendance; and the vacations
+and play days. They extend even to the amusements of the scholars, which
+are confined to "driving a top, tossing a hand-ball, running and
+shooting." For the purpose of this latter exercise, all parents are
+required to furnish their children with "bowstrings shafts, and
+bresters." In consequence of this regulation it was usual to hold an
+annual exhibition of Archery, on August 4, when the scholars contended
+for a silver arrow.[2] Within the last fifty years this custom has been
+abolished and in its room has been substituted the delivery of annual
+orations before the assembled Governors.
+
+    [1] The eight principal public schools of the kingdom are
+        considered to be those of Winchester; Westminster; Eton; Harrow;
+        the Charter House; Merchant Tailor's; St. Paul's; and Rugby.
+
+    [2] We have often seen an etching of this exhibition.
+
+Such was the establishment of this celebrated seminary; and in the humble
+character of a parochial Free School it long remained, unknown except in
+its own immediate neighbourhood. The buildings appertaining to the School
+are not of an ornamental character. The original School-house represented
+in our engraving, has undergone no external alteration except the
+necessary repairs. It is a building of red brick having on the top a
+lion, the rebus of the founder's name. In the original arrangement of the
+interior, the lower portions only were used as school-rooms; the middle
+floor formed the residence of the master and usher, then the only
+teachers; whilst the upper story consisted of writing schools. The whole
+of the building is now appropriated to the exercises of the school, the
+pupils studying their lessons at the houses of their tutors, and
+assembling here for the purpose of examination.
+
+Harrow is consecrated ground; and we could easily select a long list of
+illustrious men educated within its walls. The first classical mention of
+Harrow as a school, is by William Baxter the learned author of the
+Glossary, and editor of several of the classics, who was educated here.
+Dr. Bennet, Bishop of Cloyne; Sir William Jones; Dr. Parr, who was born
+at Harrow; Rt. Hon. R.B. Sheridan; Mr. Perceval, and Lord Byron--shine
+forth in this list. Earl Spencer; the Marquess of Hastings; the Earl of
+Aberdeen; and Mr. Peel were likewise educated here.
+
+The greatest number of scholars who have been at any one time at Harrow,
+was in the year 1804, when the number of students amounted to 353. The
+present master is the Rev. Dr. Butler.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+DR. JOHNSON'S RESIDENCE, IN BOLT COURT.
+
+_(For the Mirror)_
+
+
+It perhaps is not generally known, that the residence of the great
+"leviathan of literature," situate in Bolt-court, Fleet-street, was
+consumed by the fire which destroyed Messrs. Bensley's premises a few
+years ago; and that there are now no ostensible traces of the doctor's
+city retreat, save the site. The only vestige of the house is a piece of
+grotesquely carved wood, which ornamented the centre of the doorway, and
+which is now in possession of a gentleman in the neighbourhood. Part of
+the new printing-office, belonging to Messrs. Mills and Co., occupies a
+portion of the site, and the remainder forms a receptacle for coals. As
+if learning loved to linger amidst the forsaken haunts of departed
+genius, the place is still the scene of those efforts in propagating
+knowledge, without which it would be a sealed book. When looking upon the
+scene which has been consecrated by the presence and labours, the joys
+and sorrows, of such a man, how interesting are our reflections, marred
+as they may be by mournful impressions of "the mutability of human
+affairs." We feel a romantic regret that the genius of Johnson could not
+bestow an imperishability upon the spot; and preserve it from the
+casualties and decay of fire, and storm, and time. Here the unfortunate
+Savage has held his intellectual "_noctes_" and enlivened the old
+moralist with his mad philosophy. It was from this mansion that "the
+Bastard" roused the doctor on the memorable night (or morn) when they set
+out on one of those frolicsome perambulations, which genius, in its
+weakness and misgivings, sometimes indulges, and which was worthy of the
+days of modern Corinthianism. We can imagine the sleepy, solemn face of
+Johnson, the meagre phiz of Savage, and the more rotund features of
+Boswell, around the board, and the doctor's beloved tea-kettle singing
+its harmonious and solacing solo on the blazing "ingle." Inspecting more
+minutely the features of the visionary picture, we might behold the
+oracle of learning when about to deliver his opinion, perhaps, on the
+artificial fire of Gray, or the feeling and simplicity of Goldsmith: his
+opening eyes and unclosing lips; the "harsh thunder" of his
+articulation, and the horrisonous stamp of his ample foot, impress us
+with the same reverence which was felt by his literary visitants. It was
+here, doubtless, where the Herculean task of compiling his dictionary was
+achieved; the monotony of which was relieved by writing the periodical
+papers of his Guardian, and the more flowery composition of poetry and
+biography. But he is gone, and though the mist of years may obscure his
+personal history, and vicissitudes annihilate his household memorials,
+yet his morality and piety, his unparalleled labour and patient
+endurance, but chief of all, his brilliant and versatile genius, will
+perish but with the annals of humanity. His fame
+
+  "From sire to son shall speed; from clime to clime,
+  Outstripping death upon the wings of time!"
+
+** H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+COMMON RIGHTS.
+
+_(To the Editor of the Mirror.)_
+
+
+As the columns of your MIRROR are a treasury of instruction, perhaps it
+may not be thought amiss, or unworthy its pages, to record the advances
+of science in the land we live in. I have long since heard of our
+American brethren possessing the wonderful art of "launching" as the term
+is, their habitations; but I was not aware that my friends on this side
+the water had arrived at such a height on the hill of invention, until a
+few weeks back, when travelling in the western part of Dorsetshire,
+through the small village of _Pulham_, in that county; a neat,
+comfortable-looking cottage was pointed out for my observation, and which
+I was assured by many creditable persons, who had witnessed the
+performance, was, in the year 1826, chimneys, windows, and altogether,
+removed, without sustaining any injury, the distance of nearly two miles.
+The power employed was that of ten horses. The spot where it was intended
+originally to stand, was pointed out to me, being a piece of waste land
+called _Lydlinch Common_. I inquired what motive could have induced the
+proprietor to coach it off in such a novel manner, and the following
+account I received "under the rose."
+
+The brother of the person whose ingenuity has thus exerted itself,
+possessed a small property bordering on the aforesaid common. But to
+understand my story, you must know that the peasantry of the west of
+England, imbibe a notion, whether erroneous or not, I am not learned
+enough to say, that if a person builds on waste lands, and is permitted
+to proceed uninterrupted by the Lord of the Manor, or any other person,
+until he has roofed and occupied it, or as they express it "made a smoke
+in it" that the builder has an indisputable right to it. Now the man
+willing to act on this principle, set his wits to work and constructed a
+house on his brother's property beforementioned, on a movable foundation,
+such as I am unable to describe; and when completed, he, in the course of
+one night launched it over the hedge fairly into the common, and the next
+morning found him busily employed in making the smoke that was, according
+to village laws, to establish him in his newly acquired habitation; and
+no doubt he would have continued quietly in the same place to this day,
+had not a neighbouring 'squire took it into his head to teach this
+commentator on the law, another version of its intricacies, and finally
+caused him to set his house a-going once more, which it did in the manner
+aforesaid, to a bit of land to which he had a more legal right, and where
+it now stands.
+
+Wonderful as this relation may seem, its truth may be relied on, and any
+reader of the MIRROR, travelling, or having friends in that part of the
+country, may easily ascertain the truth of my statement. The house at
+present stands near the highway leading from Sturminster to Sherborne,
+about five or six miles from the former, and six or seven from the
+latter.
+
+RURIS.
+
+_Blandford, April 9, 1829._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ORIGIN OF SIGNS.--CAT AND THE FIDDLE.
+
+_(To the Editor of the Mirror.)_
+
+
+No part of the history of civilized nations is involved in such deep
+obscurity as the origin and progress of their names. I do not mean their
+names of men and women, the etymology of which are easy; for any stupid
+fellow can see with half an eye that Xisuthrus and Noah are one and the
+same person; and that Thoth can only be Hermes; nor is there any
+discernable difference between Pelagius and Morgan; _tout cela va sans se
+dire_, but when we come to account for the names of places or of signs,
+then indeed are we lost in a vast field of metaphysical disquisition and
+conjectural criticism. The _Spectator_, your worthy predecessor, threw
+much light upon the science, but still he left it in its infancy. To be
+sure, he traced the Bull and Mouth to the Boulogne Mouth, but I don't
+remember that he made many other discoveries in this _terra incognita_.
+However, he hinted that the roots of most of these old saws were to be
+found in the French language, or rather in the jargon spoken by the
+would-be-fine people, in imitation of the court, and by them called
+French. Neither the _Spectator_, however, nor any of his periodical
+imitators have ever found out why a certain headland, bare as the
+back of my hand, should be dignified with the appellation of Beechey
+Head; unless indeed, according to the Eton grammar, our ancestors used
+the rule of _lucus a non lucendo_. The reason, however, is to be found in
+the French language, and Beechey Head is the present guide of the old
+_beau chef_, whereby this point was once known. The _Spectator_ also, if
+I remember right, declared the old sign of the _Cat and the Fiddle_ to be
+quite beyond his comprehension. In truth, no two objects in the world
+have less to do with each other than a cat and a violin, and the only
+explanation ever given of this wonderful union, appears to be, that once
+upon a time, a gentleman kept a house with the sign of a Cat, and a lady
+one, with the sign of a Fiddle, or _vice versa_. That these two persons
+fell in love, married, and set up an Inn, which to commemorate their
+early loves, they called the Cat and the Fiddle. Such reasoning is
+exceedingly poetical, and also (mind, _also_, not _therefore_)
+exceedingly nonsensical. No, Sir, the Cat and the Fiddle is of greater
+antiquity. Did you ever read the History of Rome? Of Rome! yes, of Rome.
+Thence comes the Cat and the Fiddle, in somewhat a roundabout way
+perhaps, but so it is:
+
+  Vixtrix causa Diis placuit, sed victa Catoni.
+
+Cato was faithful to the sacred cause of liberty, and disdained to
+survive it; and now for the fiddle. In the days of good Queen Bess, when
+those who had borne the iron yoke of Mary, ventured forth and gloried in
+that freedom of conscience which had lately been denied them, a jolly
+innkeeper having lately cast off the shackles of the old religion,
+likened himself to the old Roman, and wrote over his door _l'Hostelle du
+Caton fidelle_. The hostelle and its sign lasted longer than the worthy
+gentleman, and having gone shockingly to decay, was many years after
+re-established. But alas! the numerous French words once mixed with our
+language had vanished, barbarized, and ground down into a heterogeneous
+mass of sounds; and _le Caton fidelle_ was no longer known to his best
+friends when resuscitated under the anomalous title of the Cat and
+Fiddle!!
+
+XX.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE BLIND GIRL.
+
+_(For the Mirror.)_
+
+
+  As fair a thing as e'er was form'd of clay.
+
+BYRON.
+
+  Sweet wanderer--we have known her long!
+    And often on our ear,
+  Has gush'd the cadence of her song,
+    As if some stream were near.
+  Her path was through our tranquil dell,
+  When breezes kiss'd the curfew bell.
+
+  We gaz'd upon the golden hair,
+    That o'er her white brow shone,
+  And beauty's tinge had cluster'd there,
+    A grace unlike its own.
+  We call'd it beautiful--that brow!
+  But rayless were the eyes below.
+
+  Those pale dim eyes, we would have given
+    Our flowers to see them glow--
+  They slept, as sleeps the summer heaven,
+    When the sun waxeth low:
+  And soft her glossy lashes were,
+  As stars within the crystal air.
+
+  Oh, call her not a phantom form,
+    Of deep sepulchral spells;
+  Her maiden lips with life are warm,
+    And thought within her dwells--
+  Thought, holy as the light that lies
+  In the rapt martyr's lifted eyes.
+
+  Her home--'tis far away from her,
+    Its quiet porch is lone,
+  And the sunny wind no more shall stir
+    Its streamlet's silver tone.
+  The zephyrs there, their incense wreathe,
+  But, o'er her hair they shall not breathe.
+
+  Her sire reposeth in the wave,
+    Beneath an Indian sky;
+  The violets fringe her mother's grave,
+    And there, her sisters lie!
+  And we will waft to heaven our prayers,
+  When her pure dust is mix'd with theirs.
+
+  _Deal_.      REGINALD AUGUSTINE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+WINE.
+
+_(For the Mirror.)_
+
+
+Sir,--I am induced to send you the following, in consequence of reading
+an article upon _wine_ in No. 352, page 45 of your interesting work.
+
+The article appears to have been written with a view of inducing a more
+frequent use of that wholesome and invigorating beverage by adducing a
+host of respectable names of antiquity. But I am somewhat inclined to
+believe, that notwithstanding the classic lore and learned style in which
+the article appears, that many there are, whose adverse temper, and whom
+the present "march of intellect" has so far rendered callous to
+_authoritative_ conviction, that they still remain sceptics of the
+extraordinary good qualities and virtues, which the ancients believed
+this beverage to contain; only because they have thought fit to adhere to
+the common adage, that no opinion ought to be received upon men's
+authority, without a sufficient reason assigned for its correctness. It
+is with this view of the subject then, that I venture to make the few
+following observations. In the first place, we will briefly consider the
+nature and chemical properties of wines, and then their tendency
+and action upon the constitution.
+
+The characteristic ingredient of all wines is alcohol, the proportion and
+quality of which, and the state and combination in which it exists,
+constitute the essential properties of the numerous kinds of wines. The
+colour of the red wines is produced from the husk of the grape, they
+being used during fermentation; on the contrary, the colourless wines are
+those where the husk of the grape is not used during the process of
+fermentation. The colouring matter produced from the husks is highly
+astringent, consequently the red and white wines are very different in
+their qualities, and very different in their effect on the stomach.
+
+All wines contain more or less acid; for British wines are considered
+less salubrious than those of foreign, from their having an excess of
+malic acid, which our fruits contain. The foreign wines are reckoned
+superior in quality, in consequence of their containing an excess of
+tartaric acid, their fruit containing a greater portion of this acid than
+does ours. Wines during fermentation, if improperly managed, will produce
+_acetic acid_, which will greatly deteriorate their quality.
+
+Various have been the opinions of eminent men on the effects of wine upon
+the constitution. It would be needless to enter into a detailed account
+of all those who have written for or against its utility; the following,
+from a modern eminent writer _against_ the use of wines will suffice, and
+serve to show that the opponents to wine-drinking have at least some
+reason on their side. Mr. Beddoes, states, in his "Hygeia," vol. ii, p.
+35, that an ingenious surgeon tried the following experiment:--He gave
+two of his children for a week alternately after dinner, to the one a
+full glass of sherry, and to the other a large China orange; the effects
+that followed were sufficient to prove the _injurious tendency_ of vinous
+liquors. In the one the pulse was quickened, the heat increased; whilst
+the other had every appearance that indicated high health; the same
+effect followed when the experiment was reversed. This certainly is a
+formidable objection, but let us before drawing a final conclusion,
+examine the opposite arguments.
+
+Wines, and, indeed, all fermented liquors have an antiseptic quality.
+They act in direct opposition to putrefaction, and in proportion to the
+quantity of alcohol which they contain, so will be their value and
+beneficial tendency. Now the circulating fluids of our system have a
+continual tendency to putrefaction; and the food we take, both animal
+and vegetable, tends to produce this effect; if, therefore, something of
+an antiseptic nature, or of a nature in direct opposition to this
+principle be not received, the fluids would ultimately become a mass of
+corruption, with the extinction of life. If we meet with an individual
+whose habits are abstemious, as regards the drinking of wines or
+fermented liquors, we generally discover him to have a great predilection
+for that valuable commodity _salt_, which article being in its nature
+antiseptic, answers the same purpose as wine. Therefore, the labouring
+man, whose narrow circumstances prohibit him from the advantage of a
+daily use of wine, by taking with his food a sufficient quantity of salt,
+and his apportioned quantity of malt liquor, retains his vigour and
+strength of body equally with those whose more ample means render them
+capable of acquiring the necessary quantity of wine daily. Doctor Barry
+mentions an experiment made on a soldier, who was hired to live entirely
+for some days on wild fowl,[3] with water only to drink; he received in
+the beginning his reward and diet with great cheerfulness, but this was
+soon succeeded by nausea, thirst, and disposition to putrid dysentery,
+which was with some difficulty prevented from making further progress, by
+the physician who made the experiment. Again, he remarks, "I knew a
+person who, by the advice of his physician abstained for some years
+entirely from _salt_, drank chiefly _water_, and used freely an animal
+diet, and by that means acquired a violent scurvy; he was, after some
+time, relieved by a strict regimen of diet and medicine, and as he
+afterwards used salt and vegetables with animal food, and drank wine more
+freely, never had a return of the disorder." It is therefore evident,
+that a _moderate_ use of wine tends to promote health, and keeps off the
+numerous train of disorders, to which the constitution of man is subject,
+thereby lessening the evils incidental to human nature. We can then
+exclaim with Virgil of wine,
+
+  "Deus ille malis hominum mitescere discat."
+
+S.S.T.
+
+    [3] It must be recollected that wild fowl in consequence of
+        their living on animal diet, give more readily a putrid
+        disposition to the fluids.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+THE SKETCH-BOOK.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+MY FIRST LOVE.
+
+_(For the Mirror.)_
+
+
+She was amiable, accomplished, fascinating, beautiful; yet her's were
+beauties which description cannot heighten; fascinations which
+language were vain to embellish. There was soul in her deep hazel eye as
+its flashes broke through their long, dark, encircling fringe; her jetty
+locks waved harmoniously, contrasting with the virgin snow of the
+forehead they wreathed in glossy luxuriance, the unclouded smile played
+on her lip like the zephyr over a bed of gossamer, or a sunbeam on the
+cheek of Aurora.
+
+Scarce eleven summers had passed over my head when I first saw Annette.
+She was by about three years my elder. Young, though I was, I was not
+insensible; she rivetted my gaze, I felt an emotion I could not
+comprehend--cannot describe--as it were love in the germ just beginning
+to expand, waiting but for the genial warmth of a few summer suns to
+nourish and bring it to maturity. We parted, still her image pursued me,
+the recollection was sweet, and I loved to cherish it.
+
+Four years had elapsed; we again met. My soul thrilled with delight in
+beholding, in contemplating, her perfections! How was that delight
+increased when I saw her countenance shed its loveliest smiles, her eye
+pour its heavenliest beams--on _me_--happy presumption--I loved. _We_
+loved; but words spoke not our love. No, each read it in the burning
+glances that were reciprocated--in the spirit-breathing sighs that would
+ever and anon steal forth--spite of suppression. Let me shorten the tale
+of rapture. She was mine; Annette was mine--mine undividedly. SHE IS MINE
+NO LONGER. Ask not the cause. I was infuriated, befooled, infatuated; my
+own "hands threw the pearl away;" my own lips gave, sealed the sentence,
+that robbed me for ever, ay, for ever, of a heart--a treasure, it had
+been heaven to possess. SHE IS MINE NO LONGER--yet a pleasure it is, a
+melancholy pleasure, how I love it, to recall those moments of refined,
+of voluptuous enjoyment, my sole remaining happiness, that they _were_,
+my bitterest pang, that they _are not_--moments, when amid the busy
+circle--scarce could the eagle glance of surrounding observation control
+the bursting emotions of the soul, or, oh, more blest--moments of
+solitude--where those motions broke forth, unobserved, unrestrained. SHE
+IS MINE NO LONGER. Yet Annette sleeps not in the sombre grave. A blast,
+not of death, but more dire, hath scattered those hopes, too
+unsubstantially fond to be realized: a chill not of the grave, but more
+piercing, hath nipped those blossoms of happiness, too ethereally
+delicate for earth. Still Annette lives, beautiful as ever, enchanting
+as ever, lives, but for another. Stay, let me recall that word, I wrong
+her; it must not, cannot be; her _heart_ is not, never shall be his; with
+mine it hath lost its _one_ resting place, and like the dove, seeks not
+another. Cruel fate, but I have ceased to repine--ceased to regret.
+
+IOTA.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+Select Biography.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MEMOIR OF BOLIVAR.
+
+_(Concluded from page 213.)_
+
+
+Early in 1818, the supreme chief, after concentrating his forces, marched
+rapidly to Calabozo, and arrived before Morillo was aware that he had
+quitted Angostura. The Spanish general effected his retreat to Aragua.
+The supreme chief came up with him at La Usirrael, but could make but a
+slight impression on the enemy, on account of the strength of his
+position. Another rencontre occurred at Sombrero. Morillo retired to
+Valencia; and Bolivar took possession of the valleys of Aragua. Thence he
+detached a strong division to take San Fernando de Apure, in order to
+complete the conquest of the Llanos. Upon this the Spaniards advanced.
+The two armies met at Semen. Morillo was wounded, and the royalist army
+put to flight. The pursuit being indiscreetly conducted by the patriots,
+and a fresh royalist division arriving to support Morillo, the fortune of
+the day was changed. Each party was alternately defeated, and both
+rallied their dispersed corps to reengage at Ortiz.
+
+The division which succeeded in capturing San Fernando had an indecisive
+affair at Cojedes. Others of the same character took place at El Rincon
+del Toro, and other places. At the close of this campaign, the Spaniards
+held Aragua, and the patriots San Fernando. Thus the former possessed the
+most fertile provinces of Venezuela, and all New Granada; while the
+latter were reduced to the Llanos and Guayana. Arms were sent to General
+Santander, who was endeavouring to raise a division in Casanare.
+
+In 1819, the various corps united in San Fernando, where the supreme
+chief devoted his labours to the regulation of civil affairs. He invited
+the provinces to send deputies to Angostura, to form a general congress,
+and then delegated his powers to a council of government to act in his
+absence.
+
+With four or five thousand men, the supreme chief opened the campaign
+against Morillo, who had six or seven thousand. Twelve hundred British
+troops arrived at Margarita from England. They had been
+engaged in London by Colonel English, and were equipped and sent out by
+Messrs. Herring and Richardson; besides these, eight hundred others also
+arrived at Angostura. The latter were engaged by Captain Elsom, and sent
+out by Messrs. Hurry, Powles, and Hurry; the greater part were disbanded
+soldiers from the British army, reduced on the return of the troops from
+France.[4] These volunteers were equipped in the most efficient manner.
+With these expeditions large supplies of spare arms were sent to assist
+the cause of independence. Bolivar, in his speech to congress, thus
+expresses himself on this subject:--
+
+    [4] Colonel Macirone also sent out above two thousand men, who
+        were employed in the capture of Porto Bello and Rio de la Hacha.
+        This caused a very favourable diversion for Bolivar in Venezuela,
+        as it distracted the attention of the royalists, and but for the
+        pusillanimous conduct of Macgregor, who commanded the expedition,
+        might have proved of lasting advantage.
+
+"For these important advantages we are indebted to the unbounded
+liberality of some generous foreigners, who, hearing the groans of
+suffering humanity, and seeing the cause of freedom, reason, and justice
+ready to sink, would not remain quiet, but flew to our succour with their
+munificent aid and protection, and furnished the republic with every
+thing needful to cause their philanthropical principles to flourish.
+Those friends of mankind are the guardian geniuses of America, and to
+them we owe a debt of eternal gratitude, as well as a religious
+fulfilment of the several obligations contracted with them."
+
+Bolivar, leaving the army in command of General Paez, repaired to
+Angostura. As Morillo advanced, Paez, agreeable to orders, retired
+towards the Orinoco, detaching a few guerillas to harass the Spaniards in
+the rear.
+
+General Urdaneta was appointed to command the recently arrived British
+legion in Margarita, which was to act on the side of Caracas, in order to
+draw off the attention of Morillo from the Llanos.
+
+On the 15th of February, 1819, congress was installed at Angostura. The
+supreme chief pronounced an eloquent discourse, and resigned his
+authority. Congress immediately, and unanimously, elected him president
+of the republic.
+
+Early in March, the president rejoined the army, which was very much
+reduced by sickness. On the 27th, he defeated the vanguard of the
+Spaniards. Adopting a desultory system of warfare, he obliged them to
+recross the Apure, having lost half their original numbers.
+
+While Morillo remained in winter quarters, the president traversed the
+vast plains of the Apure and Casanare, which are rendered almost
+impassable by inundations from the month of May to the end of August. In
+Casanare, the president formed a junction with the division of Santander,
+two thousand strong. Santander had, from the commencement of the
+revolution, dedicated himself with enthusiastic constancy to the cause of
+his country. He now expelled the Spaniards from their formidable position
+of Paya, and opened the way for the president to cross the terrific
+Andes, in effecting which, nearly a fourth of his army perished from the
+effects of cold and excessive fatigue.
+
+On the 11th of July, the president attacked the royal army at Gamarra.
+After a long engagement, the Spanish general Barrero retired, and did not
+again offer battle, except in positions almost inaccessible. Bonza was
+invested by the patriots for some days in sight of both armies. The
+president, by a flank movement, brought the Spaniards to action on the
+25th of July, at Bargas. The Spaniards, though superior in numbers, and
+advantageously posted, gave way, and the president obtained a complete
+victory. His inferior forces, however, and the nature of the country, did
+not allow him to make the most of this glorious success; but he obtained
+a thousand recruits, and marched to interpose between the defeated
+Barrero and the viceroy Samano, who, with all the disposable force south
+of Bogota, was about to support Barrero. The result of the president's
+daring and masterly movement was the battle of Boyaca, fought on the 7th
+of August, and which has been called the _birth of Colombia_. In this
+battle, the English troops, under the command of Major Mackintosh,
+greatly distinguished themselves. The gallant major was promoted by the
+liberator on the field. In three days afterwards the president entered
+Bogota in triumph, and, within a short period, eleven provinces of New
+Granada announced their adhesion to the cause of independence.
+
+Bolivar repaired to Angostura, where he once more resigned his authority
+to the representatives of the people, and laid on their floor the
+trophies of the last campaign. On the 25th of December, 1819, congress,
+at the suggestion of the president, decreed that thenceforth Venezuela
+and New Granada should form one republic, under the denomination of
+COLOMBIA. At the same time it conferred upon Bolivar the title of
+LIBERATOR OF COLOMBIA, and re-elected him president of the republic.
+
+In March, 1820, he arrived at Bogota, and occupied himself until August
+in the organization of the army cantoned at various points between
+Cucuta and San Fernando de Apure.
+
+The Spanish revolution, which originated in the Isla de Leon, inspired
+the South Americans with new hopes. These were raised still higher by the
+solicitude of Morillo to negotiate an armistice; but Bolivar, refusing to
+treat upon any other basis than that of independence, marched to the
+department of the Magdalena, reviewed the besieging force before
+Carthagena, and reinforced the division of the south, destined to act
+against Popayan and Quito. The president drove the Spaniards from the
+provinces of Merida and Truxillo, and established his winter headquarters
+at the latter town. On the 26th of November, the president concluded an
+armistice of six months with Morillo, who engaged that, on the renewal of
+hostilities, the war should be carried on, conformably to the practice of
+civilized nations.
+
+In the beginning of the year 1821, the liberator went to Bogota, to
+attend to the affairs of the south; when hearing of the arrival at
+Caracas of Spanish commissioners to treat for peace, he returned to
+Truxillo; but no terms were then agreed upon. In the meanwhile, the
+province of Maracaybo shook off the Spanish yoke. Morillo having departed
+for Europe, General La Torre, a brave and very superior man, succeeded to
+the command of the royal army, and made strong remonstrances against the
+movement in the province of Maracaybo, which he deemed an infraction of
+the armistice, and hostilities in consequence recommenced. The liberator
+concentrated his forces in Varinas; he detached a division to the coast
+under General Urdaneta, and another to the east, under General Bermudez,
+to divide the attention of the enemy, and marched himself against
+Caracas. On the 24th of June, the liberator attacked and defeated the
+Spaniards, who had taken up a strong position at Carabobo. The numbers on
+both sides were nearly equal. This battle decided the fate of Colombia.
+The victorious liberator entered Caracas on the 29th. On the 2nd of July,
+La Guayra also surrendered to him.
+
+Leaving a besieging division before Puerto Cabello, the liberator went to
+Cucuta, where he resigned once more the office of president of the
+republic, which, in admiration of his disinterestedness, instantly
+re-elected him.
+
+When the province of Guayaquil declared itself independent, it solicited
+the assistance of Bolivar against the Spaniards in Quito. A small
+division was accordingly sent there.
+
+The liberator, having signed the constitution sanctioned by congress,
+obtained leave to direct the war in the south. In January, 1822, he put
+himself at the head of the army in Popayan, and sent a reinforcement to
+General Sucre in Guayaquil.
+
+In the month of March, the liberator moved against the province of Pasto,
+the inhabitants of which country are surpassed in bravery by no people in
+the world, but who adhered with blind attachment to the ancient regime.
+The liberator, having overcome the obstacles presented by nature in the
+valleys of Patia, and the formidable river Guanabamba, arrived in front
+of Bombona. The _Pastusos_ (inhabitants of the province of Pasto) had
+here taken up a strong position, supported by the Spanish troops. They
+were vigorously attacked; but every charge made in front was repulsed. It
+was not until the rifle battalion, commanded by the able Colonel Sands,
+outflanked the _Pastusos_, that victory declared for Bolivar; but his
+army had suffered so severely, that, instead of immediately following up
+the fugitives through a hostile country, it fell back a short distance.
+
+Whilst these operations were going on, Sucre liberated the provinces of
+Loja and Cuenca, and, on the 24th of May, gained the victory of
+Pinchincha, which gave independence to Quito. In the same year Carthagena
+and Cumana, surrendered to the liberating forces in Venezuela.
+
+The liberator entered Quito on the 16th of June. His attention was soon
+attracted to the discontents which had arisen at Guayaquil, where the
+Colombians had become unpopular. His excellency proceeded to that town,
+and, under his auspices, the provisional government annexed the province
+to Colombia.
+
+One of the results of the interview which took place between the
+protector of Peru and the liberator of Colombia was the sending of an
+auxiliary force of two thousand Colombians to Lima; but the junta, which
+proceeded to the protectorate, ordered the Colombian troops to return to
+Guayaquil. The president Riva Aguero, who succeeded to the junta, applied
+for an auxiliary Colombian division of six thousand men, and invited
+Bolivar to take the command of all the military forces in Peru. The
+Colombian troops were sent to Lima. General Bolivar obtained leave from
+the congress at Bogota to go to Peru--the grand scene of his subsequent
+triumphs.
+
+The person of Bolivar is thin, and somewhat below the middle size. He
+dresses in good taste, and has an easy military walk. He is a very bold
+rider, and capable of undergoing great fatigue. His manners are good, and
+his address unaffected, but not very prepossessing. It is said that, in
+his youth, he was rather handsome. His complexion is sallow; his hair,
+originally very black, is now mixed with gray. His eyes are dark and
+penetrating, but generally downcast, or turned askance, when he speaks;
+his nose is well formed, his forehead high and broad, the lower part of
+the face is sharp; the expression of the countenance is careworn,
+lowering, and sometimes rather fierce. His temper, spoiled by adulation,
+is fiery and capricious. His opinions of men and things are variable. He
+is rather prone to personal abuse, but makes ample amends to those who
+will put up with it. Towards such his resentments are not lasting. He is
+a passionate admirer of the fair sex, but jealous to excess. He is fond
+of waltzing, and is a very quick, but not a very graceful dancer. His
+mind is of the most active description. When not more stirringly
+employed, he is always reading, dictating letters, &c., or conversing.
+His voice is loud and harsh, but he speaks eloquently on most subjects.
+His reading has been principally confined to French authors; hence the
+Gallic idioms so common in his productions. He is an _impressive_ writer,
+but his style is vitiated by an affectation of grandeur. Speaking so well
+as he does, it is not wonderful that he should be more fond of hearing
+himself talk than of listening to others, and apt to engross conversation
+in the society he receives. He entertains numerously, and no one has more
+skilful cooks, or gives better dinners; but he is himself so very
+abstemious, in both eating and drinking, that he seldom takes his place
+at his own table until the repast is nearly over, having probably dined
+in private upon a plain dish or two. He is fond of giving toasts, which
+he always prefaces in the most eloquent and appropriate manner; and his
+enthusiasm is so great, that he frequently mounts his chair, or the
+table, to propose them. Although the cigar is almost universally used in
+South America, Bolivar never smokes, nor does he permit smoking in his
+presence. He is never without proper officers in waiting, and keeps up a
+considerable degree of etiquette. Disinterested in the extreme with
+regard to pecuniary affairs, he is insatiably covetous of fame. Bolivar
+invariably speaks of England, of her institutions, and of her great men,
+in terms of admiration. He often dwells with great warmth upon the
+constancy, fidelity, and sterling merit of the English officers who have
+served in the cause of independence, under every varying event of the
+war. A further proof of his predilection towards England is that he has
+always had upon his personal staff a number of British subjects.
+
+--_Memoirs of General Miller_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+Fine Arts.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+EXHIBITIONS AT THE BAZAAR,
+
+_Oxford Street_.
+
+THE BRITISH DIORAMA.
+
+
+On Saturday, the 11th, there was a private view of four new pictures, by
+Stanfield and Roberts, at this very interesting lounge. They consist of
+
+1. _The City of York, with the Minster on fire_--a picturesque view of
+the cathedral, with a mimic display of the conflagration, the accuracy of
+which will make the property-man of the Opera tremble.
+
+2. _The Temple of Apollinopolis, in Egypt_, a magnificent picture of
+Egyptian architecture--"noble in decay." The splendid leaved capitals of
+the pillars reminded us of the following, which we had that morning read
+in the _Journal of a Naturalist_:--"No portion of creation," says the
+author, "has been resorted to by mankind with more success for the
+ornament and decoration of their labours, than the vegetable world. The
+rites, emblems, and mysteries of religion; national achievements,
+eccentric marks, and the capricious visions of fancy, have all been
+wrought by the hand of the sculptor, on the temple, the altar, or the
+tomb; but plants, their foliage, flowers, or fruits, as the most
+graceful, varied, and pleasing objects that meet our view, have been more
+universally the object of design, and have supplied the most beautiful,
+and perhaps the earliest, embellishments of art. The pomegranate, the
+almond, and flowers, were selected even in the wilderness, and by divine
+appointment, to give form to the sacred utensils; the rewards of merit,
+the wreath of the victor, were arboraceous; in later periods, the
+acanthus, the ivy, the lotus, the vine, the palm, and the oak, flourished
+under the chisel, or beneath the loom of the artist; and in modern days,
+the vegetable world affords the almost exclusive decorations of ingenuity
+and art."
+
+3. _Entrance to the Village of Virex, in Italy_--a pleasing picture of
+what may be termed _an architectural village_; for some of the dwellings
+almost approach to palaces, and others have a conventual character, which
+harmonizes with the sublime beauties of nature which rise around them.
+
+4. _Interior of St. Saveur, in Normandy._ As an architectural picture we
+are not disposed to rate this so highly as the two preceding.
+
+The alternations of light and shade are admirably managed in all of them,
+among which a flood of light streaming through one of the cathedral
+windows will be much admired. The size of each picture is 70 feet by
+50--and the four may be seen for _one shilling!_
+
+Below stairs, the fine group from Reubens's Descent from the Cross, and
+Albert Durer's Carvings of the Life of the Virgin Mary, still continue
+open.
+
+Another exhibition, _Trepado, or Cut-Paper Work_, to use a vulgar phrase,
+"cut out" all the work of the kind we have ever seen. We have a sister
+very ingenious in these matters; but her productions, compared with the
+cuttings of the Oxford-street Bazaar, are as John Nash with Michael
+Angelo. These cuttings are in imitation of Line Engraving, comprising
+sixteen pictures, cut with scissars, among which are the Lord's
+Supper--Conversion of St. Paul--The Battle of Alexander--A Portrait of
+his Majesty George IV., &c. They are almost the counterfeit presentment
+of pencil-drawings, such as Varley and Brookman and Langdon could not
+excel. Yet these are cut with scissars! A greater exercise of patience,
+to say the least of it, we scarcely know. Every one who wishes to cut a
+figure in the world ought to learn this art; and certain fair cutters may
+by this means spread even stronger meshes than these paper nets. We mean
+to see them again, although we have too many _cuttings_ to make for the
+gratification of our readers to allow us to enter into the _Trepado_
+study _con amore_--and so with this recommendation, we _cut_ the subject.
+We, however, expect to meet scores of our Easter friends in the Bazaar;
+and there is no similar establishment in London where so much may be seen
+for so little money.
+
+The Bazaar has lately been extended for a suite of rooms for the
+exhibition of Household Furniture, for sale. There are already several
+handsome specimens--many of them fit for the splendid palaces building in
+the Regent's Park. If the reader be one of those who "meditate on
+muffineers and plan pokers," he will enjoy this part of the Bazaar. In
+all the Parisian bazaars, there is an abundance of _meubles_ and you get
+accommodated with a newspaper and a chair, as the Street-publishers say,
+"for the small charge of one penny:" might it not be so here, or is an
+Englishman obliged to read and drink (not think) at the same time?
+
+The counters of the Bazaar are abundantly stocked with _bijouterie_ and
+nic-nacs, the _Nouveautes de Paris_ and Spitalfields--Canton in China,
+and Leatherlane in Holborn--toy-carts for children, and fleecy hosiery
+for old folks--puffs and pastry, and the last new song--inkstands,
+taper-lights, pen-wipers, perfumed sealing-wax, French hair-paper,
+curling-wheels--and all the fair ammunition of love and madness. If you
+leave your purse at home, or, what is worse, if you have left your money,
+you know not where, remember Bishop Berkley, and console yourself with
+the reflection that all these things were made for your enjoyment, and
+that all around are striving to please you. This will be no trifling
+source of pleasure--it will fill your head and fill your heart with
+joy--leave the _pockets_ to grosser minds.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SOCIETY OF BRITISH ARTISTS, SUFFOLK-STREET, PALL-MALL, EAST.
+
+_By a Correspondent_.
+
+
+The sixth exhibition of this society is now open to the public, and the
+display of talent fully equals, or, perhaps, excels, that of former
+seasons. The society, since its commencement, has realized twelve
+thousand pounds from the sale of the works of British artists, who, thus
+stimulated by the disposal of their performances, have exerted their
+utmost ability in contributing specimens of their art to the present
+exhibition. We can, however, only notice a few of those artists who have
+been particularly successful; our limits not allowing us to extend
+justice to _all_.
+
+The most splendid painting in the gallery is No. 7, _The Departure of the
+Israelites out of Egypt_, by Mr. Roberts. In the performance of this
+work, the painter has evidently endeavoured to imitate Martin's
+compositions. The picture, viewed at a little distance, is certainly
+grand and imposing; on a near inspection, however, we look in vain for
+the exquisite finish, and the characteristic expression so universally
+admired in Mr. Martin's works. We advise Mr. Roberts, if he pursues this
+class of painting, to unite finish with his bold effects--for attention
+in this respect will prove the _denouement_ of his pictures. No. 188,
+_Erle Stoke Park, the seat of G. Watson Taylor, Esq. M.P._ by Mr.
+Stanfield, is a very delightful picture, being remarkably chaste and
+clear in the colouring. No. 404, _Mattock High Tor_, by Mr. Hotland, and
+No. 440, _A Party crossing the Alps_, by Mr. Egerton, are works of high
+merit; as are the performances of Messrs. Wilson, Blake, Glover,[5]
+Knight, Nasmyth, Farrier, Gill, Novice, Stevens, Turner, Holmes, and
+Pidding.
+
+    [5] _Apropos_, three are twenty-three pictures by this gentleman
+        in the gallery.
+
+The engravings and sculpture are likewise very creditable to the
+institution this season. Mr. Quilly has executed an excellent print from
+Stanfield's fine picture, _The Wreckers_, which was exhibited last year
+at the British Institution.
+
+Among the busts in the sculpture-room we notice those of Lord Eldon, Sir
+F. Burdett, Sir H. Davy, the late Lord Bishop of Salisbury, &c.
+
+G.W.N.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+(_Concluded from, page 254_.)
+
+
+"_N'importe!_" exclaimed Stubbs, gaily; "there are more admirers, in this
+world, of the ridiculous than of the true, that let me tell you. But I
+must to my studies, for the night approaches. Next Monday--and this is
+Thursday--and I am by no means _au fait_ yet in my part. So good
+morning--let me see you soon again--and meanwhile adieu! adieu! remember
+me!"
+
+Mr. M'Crab departed; and Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs prepared
+to go through the soliloquy of "To be--or not to be," before a mirror
+which reflected the whole of his person.
+
+Monday came, and oh! with what a flutter of delight Mr. Stubbs cast his
+eyes upon that part of the paper, where the play for the evening was
+announced, and where he read, "_This evening will be acted the tragedy of
+Hamlet: the part of Hamlet by a gentleman, his first appearance on any
+stage._"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+His carriage was at the door--and he told the coachman to drive down ----
+street, that he might see in passing along, whether the crowd at the pit
+and gallery doors, would obstruct his progress. It was not quite so large
+as to stretch across the carriage road; but he was sure there were some
+hundreds, though so early, and he thought they must have heard who the
+"gentleman" was, that was then rolling by. He would not be positive, too;
+but he could almost swear he heard an huzza, as he passed along. There
+were above a dozen persons collected round the stage door; and he plainly
+perceived that _they_ drew back with respectful admiration, as the new
+Hamlet stepped out of his carriage.
+
+He hastened to his dressing-room, where he found his friend, the manager,
+Mr. Peaess, who shook him by the hand, as he informed him that they had
+an excellent box-book. Stubbs smiled graciously; and the manager left him
+with his dresser, to attire himself in his "customary suit of solemn
+black." Mr. Stubbs had kept his intention of stuffing the character a
+profound secret, fearful lest any technical objections should be made by
+Mr. Peaess, and desirous also of making the first impression in the
+green-room. When he entered it, therefore, in the likeness of a chubby
+undertaker, ready for a funeral, rather than in that of the "unmatched
+form and feature of blown youth"--in short, the very type and image of
+poor Tokely in _Peter Pastoral_,--his eyes and ears were on the alert to
+catch the look of surprise, and buzz of admiration, which he very
+naturally anticipated. He was a little daunted by a suppressed titter
+which ran round the room; but he was utterly confounded when his best and
+dearest friend, Mr. Peaess himself, coming up to him exclaimed,--"Why,
+zounds! Mr. Stubbs, what have you been doing? By ----, the audience will
+never stand this."
+
+"Stand what?" replied Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs.
+
+"What!" echoed the manager; "why this pot-belly, and those cherub
+cheeks."
+
+"Pooh! pooh!" replied Stubbs, "it's Shakspeare's, and I can prove it."
+
+"You may pooh! pooh! as much as you like, Mr. Stubbs," rejoined the
+manager; "but, by ----, you've made a mere apple-dumpling of yourself."
+
+"Do you think so," exclaimed Stubbs, glancing in one of the
+mirrors--"Well; I do assure you it is Shakspeare, and I'll prove it. But
+what shall I do?" and he looked imploringly round upon the broad,
+grinning countenances of the other performers.
+
+"Do?" ejaculated Mr. Peaess; "you can do nothing now--the curtain has
+been up these ten minutes; Horatio and Marcellus are coming off, and you
+must go on."
+
+At this moment the ghost of Hamlet's father entered the room, but before
+he had time to look upon his son, the call-boy's summons was heard for
+the King, Queen, Hamlet, Polonius, Laertes, &c., to be ready, and forth
+sallied poor Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs, to prove, if he
+could, to the audience, that his rotundity was perfectly Shakspearian.
+
+The awful flourish of drum and trumpet was sounded;--their majesties of
+Denmark, attended by their train of courtiers, walked on. There is a
+pause! All eyes are bent in eager gaze to catch the first glimpse of the
+new Hamlet--all hands are ready to applaud. He appears--boxes, pit, and
+gallery, join in the generous welcome of the unknown candidate. He
+revives--hastens to the foot-lights--bows--another round of
+applause--bows again--and again--and then falls back, to let the business
+of the scene proceed. He looks round, meanwhile, with the swelling
+consciousness that he is that moment "the observed of all observers," and
+tries to rally his agitated spirits; but just as he is beginning to do
+so, his wandering eye rests upon the ill-omened face of M'Crab, seated in
+the front-row of the stage-box, who is gazing at him with a grotesque
+smile, which awakens an overwhelming recollection of his own prediction,
+that he "would be horribly laughed at, if he did make Hamlet a fat little
+fellow," as well as a bewildering reminiscence of the manager's, that,
+"by ----, the audience would not stand it."
+
+It was soon evident they would not, or rather that they could not stand
+it. But it was not alone his new reading in what regarded the person of
+Hamlet, that excited astonishment. Mr. Stubbs had so many other new
+readings, that before he got to the end of his first speech, beginning
+with, "Seems, madam! nay, it is," they were satisfied of what was to
+follow. When, however, Mr. Stubbs stood alone upon the stage, in the full
+perfection of his figure, and concentrated upon himself the undivided
+attention of the house--when he gathered up his face into an
+indescribable aspect of woe--but, above all, when, placing his two hands
+upon his little round belly, he exclaimed, while looking sorrowfully at
+it,
+
+  "Oh, that this too, too solid flesh would melt,
+      (Pat, went the right hand,)
+  Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew,"
+      (Pat, went the left hand,)
+
+the effect was irresistible. One roar of laughter shook the theatre, from
+the back row of the shilling gallery to the first row of the pit, mingled
+with cries of _bravo! bravo! go on, my little fellow--you shall have fair
+play--silence--bravo! silence!_--Stubbs, meanwhile, looked as if he were
+really wondering what they were all laughing at; and when at length
+silence was partially restored, he continued his soliloquy. His delivery
+of the lines,
+
+  "Fye on't oh fye! 'tis an unweeded garden
+  That grown to seed: things rank and gross in nature," &c.
+
+was one of his new readings--for holding up his finger, and looking
+towards the audience with a severe expression of countenance, it appeared
+as though he were chiding their ill manners in laughing at him, when he
+said, "Fye on't--oh, fye!"
+
+He was allowed to proceed, however, with such interruptions only as his
+own original conceptions of the part provoked from time to time; or when
+any thing he had to say was obviously susceptible of an application to
+himself. Thus, for example, in the scene with Horatio and Marcellus,
+after his interview with the ghost:--
+
+  _"Ham_.           And now, good friends,
+  As you are friends, scholars, and soldiers,
+  Give me one poor request.
+
+  _Hor_. What is it, my lord? We will.
+
+  _Ham. Never make known what you have seen to-night."_
+
+"Let him, if he likes," exclaimed a voice from the pit--"he'll never see
+such a sight again."--Then, in his instructions to the players, his
+delivery of them was accompanied by something like the following running
+commentary:
+
+"Speak the speech, I pray you, as I pronounced it to you, (_that is
+impossible!_) trippingly on the tongue: but if you mouth it, as many of
+our players do, (_laughter_,) I had as lief the town-crier spoke my
+lines. * * * Oh, it offends me to the soul, to hear a robustious,
+periwig-pated fellow (_like yourself_) tear a passion to tatters, &c.--I
+would have such a fellow whipped (_give it him, he deserves it_) for
+o'erdoing Termagant. * * * Oh, there be players that I have seen play,
+(_no, we see him,_) and heard others praise, and that highly, (_oh! oh!
+oh!_) not to speak it profanely, that, having neither the accent of
+Christians, (_ha! ha! ha!_) nor the gait of Christian, Pagan, nor man,
+have so strutted (_bravo! little 'un!_) and bellowed, (_hit him again!_)
+that I have thought some of nature's journeymen had made men, (_who made
+you?_) and not made them well, (_no, you are a bad fit_,) they imitated
+humanity so abominably." (_Roars of laughter_.)
+
+It was thus Mr. Henry Augustus Constantine Stubbs enacted Hamlet; and it
+was not till the end of the fourth act that he suffered a single
+observation to escape him, which indicated he thought any thing was
+amiss. Then, indeed, while sitting in the green-room, and as if the idea
+had just struck him, he said to Mr. Peaess, "Do you know, I begin to
+think I have some enemies in the house, for when, in the scene with
+Ophelia, I said, 'What should such fellows as I do crawling between earth
+and heaven?' somebody called out, loud enough for me to hear him, 'Ay!
+what, indeed?' It's very odd. Did you notice it, ma'am?" he continued
+addressing the lady who performed Ophelia. "I can't say I did," replied
+the lady, biting her lips most unmercifully, to preserve her gravity of
+countenance.
+
+This was the only remark made by the inimitable Mr. Stubbs during the
+whole evening, and he went through the fifth act with unabated
+self-confidence. His dying scene was honoured with thunders of applause,
+and loud cries of _encore_. Stubbs raised his head, and looking at
+Horatio, who was bending over him, inquired, "Do you think they mean it?"
+
+"Lie still, for God's sake!" exclaimed Horatio, and the curtain slowly
+descended amid deafening roars of laughter, and shouts of hurrah! hurrah!
+
+The next morning, at breakfast, Stubbs found all the daily papers on his
+table, pursuant to his directions. He took up one, and read, in large
+letters--"THEATRE. FIRST AND LAST APPEARANCE OF MR. HENRY AUGUSTUS
+CONSTANTINE STUBBS IN HAMLET."
+
+He read no more. The paper dropped from his hands; and Mr. Stubbs
+remained nothing but a GENTLEMAN all the rest of his life--_Blackwood's
+Mag_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+LINES WRITTEN AT WARWICK CASTLE.[6]
+
+BY CHARLES BADHAM, M.D. F.R.S.
+
+_Professor of Medicine in the University of Glasgow_.
+
+
+  I.
+
+  I leave thee, Warwick, and thy precincts grey,
+    Amidst a thousand winters still the same,
+  Ere tempests rend thy last sad leaves away,
+    And from thy bowers the native rock reclaim;
+  Crisp dews now glitter on the joyless field,
+    The gun's red disk now sheds no parting rays,
+  And through thy trophied hall the burnished shield
+    Disperses wide the swiftly mounting blaze.
+
+  II.
+
+  Thy pious paladins from Jordan's shore,
+    And all thy steel-clad barons are at rest;
+  Thy turrets sound to warder's tread no more;
+    Beneath their brow the dove hath hung her nest;
+  High on thy beams the harmless falchion shines;
+    No stormy trumpet wakes thy deep repose;
+  Past are the days that, on the serried lines
+    Around thy walls, saw the portcullis close.
+
+  III.
+
+  The bitter feud was quell'd, the culverin
+    No longer flash'd, us blighting mischief round,
+  But many an age was on those ivies green,
+    Ere Taste's calm eye had scann'd the gifted ground;
+  Bade the fair path o'er glade or woodland stray,
+    Bade Avon's swans through new Rialtos glide,
+  Forced through the rock its deeply channell'd way,
+    And threw, to Arts of peace, the portals wide.
+
+  IV.
+
+  But most to Her, whose light and daring hand
+    Can swiftly follow Fancy's wildest dream!
+  All times and nations in whose presence stand,
+    All that creation owns, her boundless theme!
+  And with her came the maid of Attic stole,
+    Untaught of dazzling schools the gauds to prize,
+  Who breathes in purest forms her calm control,
+    Heroic strength, and grace that never dies!
+
+
+  V.
+
+  Ye that have linger'd o'er each form divine,
+    Beneath the vault of Rome's unsullied sky,
+  Or where Bologna's cloister'd walls enshrine
+    Her martyr Saint--her mystic Rosary--
+  Of Arragon the hapless daughter view!
+    Scan, for ye may, that fine enamel near!
+  Such Catherine was, thus Leonardo drew--
+    Discern ye not the "Jove of painters" here?
+
+
+  VI.
+
+  Discern ye not the mighty master's power
+    In yon devoted Saint's uplifted eye?
+  That clouds the brow and bids already lour
+    O'er the First Charles the shades of sorrows nigh?
+  That now on furrow'd front of Rembrandt gleams,
+    Now breathes the rose of life and beauty there,
+  In the soft eye of Henrietta dreams,
+  And fills with fire the glance of Gondomar?
+
+
+  VII.
+
+  Here to Salvator's solemn pencil true,
+    Huge oaks swing rudely in the mountain blast;
+  Here grave Poussin on gloomy canvass threw
+    The lights that steal from clouds of tempest past;
+  And see! from Canaletti's glassy wave,
+    Like Eastern mosques, patrician Venice rise;
+  Or marble moles that rippling waters lave,
+    Where Claude's warm sunsets tinge Italian skies!
+
+
+  VIII.
+
+  Nor let the critic frown such themes arraign,
+    Here sleep the mellow lyre's enchanting keys;
+  Here the wrought table's darkly polish'd plain,
+    Proffers light lore to much-enduring ease;
+  Enamelled clocks here strike the silver bell;
+    Here Persia spreads the web of many dies;
+  Around, on silken couch, soft cushions swell,
+    That Stambol's viziers proud might not despise.
+
+
+  IX.
+
+  The golden lamp here sheds its pearly light,
+    Within the cedar'd panels, dusky pale;
+  No mirror'd walls the wandering glance invite,
+    No gauzy curtains drop the misty veil.
+  And there the vista leads of lessening doors,
+    And there the summer sunset's golden gleam
+  Along the line of darkling portrait pours,
+    And warms the polish'd oak or ponderous beam.
+
+
+  X.
+
+  Hark! from the depths beneath that proud saloon
+    The water's moan comes fitful and subdued,
+  Where in mild glory yon triumphant moon
+    Smiles on the arch that nobly spans the flood--
+  And here have kings and hoary statesmen gazed,
+    When spring with garlands deck'd the vale below,
+  Or when the waning year had lightly razed
+    The banks where Avon's lingering fountains flow.
+
+
+  XI.
+
+  And did no minstrel greet the courtly throng?
+    Did no fair flower of English loveliness
+  On timid lute sustain some artless song,
+    Her meek brow bound with smooth unbraided tress?
+  For Music knew not yet the stately guise,
+    Content with simplest notes to touch the soul,
+  Not from her choirs as when loud anthems rise,
+    Or when she bids orchestral thunders roll!
+
+
+  XII.
+
+  Here too the deep and fervent orison
+    Hath matron whisper'd for her absent lord,
+  Peril'd in civil wars, that shook the throne,
+    When every hand in England, clench'd the sword:--
+  And here, as tales and chronicles agree,
+    If tales and chronicles be deem'd sincere,
+  Fair Warwick's heiress smiled at many a plea
+    Of puissant Thane, or Norman cavalier.
+
+
+  XIII.
+
+  Or dost thou sigh for theme of classic lore
+    Midst arms and moats, and battlements and towers?
+  Behold the Vase! that, erst on Anio's shore,
+    Hath found a splendid home in Warwick's bowers:
+  To British meads ere yet the Saxon came,
+    The pomp of senates swept its pedestal,
+  And kings of many an Oriental name
+    Have seen its shadow, and are perish'd all!
+
+
+  XIV.
+
+  Haply it stood on that illustrious ground
+    Where circling columns once, in sculptur'd pride,
+  With fine volute or wreath'd acanthus crown'd,
+    Rear'd some light roof by Anio's plunging tide;
+  There, in the brightness of the votive fane
+    To rural or to vintage gods addrest,
+  Those vine clad symbols of Pan's peaceful reign
+    Amidst dark pines their sacred seats possess'd.
+
+
+  XV.
+
+  Or, did it break with soft and silvery shower
+    The silence of some marble solitude,
+  Where Adrian, at the fire fly's glittering hour,
+    Of rumour'd worlds to come the doubts review'd?
+  Go mark his tomb!--in that sepulchral mole
+    Scowls the fell bandit:--from its towering height
+  Old Tiber's flood reflects the girandole,
+    Midst bells, and shouts, and rockets' arrowy flight!
+
+
+  XVI.
+
+  Warwick, farewell! Long may thy fortunes stand,
+    And sires of sires hold rule within thy walls,
+  Thy streaming banners to the breeze expand,
+    And the heart's griefs pass lightly o'er thy halls!
+  May happier bards, on Avon's sedgy shore,
+    Sustain on nobler lyre thy poet's vow,
+  And all thy future lords (what can they more?)
+    Wear the green laurels of thy fame, as now!
+
+    [6] These lines will form a beautiful pendant to the picturesque
+        Engraving of WARWICK CASTLE, in No. 357 of the MIRROR--as well as
+        to the very interesting antiquarian description by our esteemed
+        correspondent _L.L._
+
+NOTES.
+
+One of the towers of Warwick Castle is complimented with the name of
+Guy's Tower; certain ponderous armour and utensils preserved in the lodge
+are also attributed to Guy; nobody, in short, thinks of Guy without
+Warwick, or of Warwick without Guy; "Arms and the Man" ought to have been
+emblazoned on the castle banner; and why should I hesitate to say, that
+one of the most amiable of children perpetuates the heroic name within
+its walls? Had this renowned adventurer been ambitious of patriarchal
+honours, his descendants might have extended the ancestral renown, and
+have furnished many a ballad of those good old times; but when the Saxon
+Ulysses had returned from his pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and made an end of
+Colbrand and the Dun Cow, his fancy was to take alms in disguise from his
+own fair lady, at his own castle gate, and then retire (_tous les gouts
+sont respectables_) to a certain hole or cave called Guy's Cliff, where
+he amused himself (in the intervals of rheumatism) for the rest of his
+natural life in counting his beads and ruminating on his sins, which, as
+he was a great traveller and a hero, might have been considerable.
+
+
+STANZA III.
+
+The following interesting passage is copied from a book of ordinary
+occurrence, in which it is cited without stating the authority. It is
+more than doubtful if any other nobleman in the kingdom, at that time or
+since, has projected or executed so much on his own property as the late
+Earl of Warwick:--
+
+"I purchased a magnificent collection of pictures by Vandyke, Rubens, &c.
+The marbles are not equalled, perhaps, in the kingdom. I made a noble
+approach to the castle through a solid rock, built a porter's lodge, and
+founded a library full of books, some valuable and scarce, all well
+chosen. I made an armoury, and built walls round the court and pleasure
+gardens. I built a noble green-house, and filled it with beautiful
+plants. I placed in it a vase, considered the finest remain of Grecian
+art, for its size and beauty. I made a noble lake, from 3 to 600 feet
+broad, and a mile long. I planted trees, now worth 100,000l., besides
+100 acres of ash. I built a stone bridge of 105 feet in span, every stone
+from 2,000 to 3,800 lbs in weight. The weight of the first tier on the
+centre was estimated at 1,000 tons. I gave the bridge to the town with no
+toll on it. I will not enumerate a great many other things done by me.
+Let Warwick Castle speak for itself."
+
+STANZA X.
+
+There is a _feeling of respect_ inspired by ancient buildings of
+importance. Such a castle as Warwick, which has lodged a succession of
+generations of the most opposite characters--at one time the "dulcis et
+quieti animi vir, et qui, cougruo suis moribus studio, vitam egit et
+clausit;" at another by the assassin of Piers de Gaveston, the king's
+favourite, "whose head he cut off upon Blacklow Hill, and gave the friars
+preachers the charge of his body, inasmuch as he had called the said earl
+the Black Dog of Arderne"--is not to be approached as one visits a
+handsome stone house of Palladian architecture!--such a house we know can
+never have been the scene either of council or conspiracy; within such
+walls there can never have been "latens odium inter regem et proceres, et
+praesecipue inter comitem de Warwick et adhaerentes ejusdem."
+
+As to the river and its swans. I have learned from the bard to whom it
+has been long since consecrated, (although he may not have had the right
+of fishing in it when alive,) that "discretion is the better part of
+valour."
+
+If I were to describe the walks, I should only say that they were
+contrived, as all walks ought to be, to let in the sun or to shut him out
+by turns. Here you rejoice in the fulness of his meridian strength, and
+here in the shadows of various depth and intensity, which a well disposed
+and happily contrasted sylvan population knows how to effect. The
+senatorial oak, the spreading sycamore, the beautiful plane, (which I
+never see without recollecting the channel of the Asopus and the woody
+sides of Oeta,) the aristocratic pine running up in solitary stateliness
+till it equal the castle turrets--all these, and many more, are admirably
+intermingled and contrasted, in plantations which establish, as every
+thing in and about the castle does, the consummate taste of the late
+earl, although it must be admitted he had the finest subjects to work
+upon, from the happy disposition of the ground. I shall never forget the
+first time I walked over them; a pheasant occasionally shifting his
+quarters at my intrusion, and making his noisy way through an ether so
+clear, so pure, so motionless, that the broad leaves subsided, rather
+than fell to the ground, without the least disturbance; the tall grey
+chimneys just breathing their smoke upon the blue element, which they
+scarcely stained; every green thing was beginning to wear the colour of
+decay, and many a tint of yellow, deepening into orange, made me sensible
+that "there be tongues in trees," if not "good in every thing." But
+Montaigne says nothing is useless, _not even inutility itself_.
+
+STANZA XIII.
+
+This superb work of antiquity must indeed be seen, to be sufficiently
+estimated: the great failure of that branch of the fine arts which is
+employed to represent all the rest, is in the inadequate idea of size
+which it must necessarily give where the objects to be represented are
+large.
+
+The marble vases now extant are, of course, comparatively few in number,
+and this is, perhaps, excepting the Medicean, the finest of them all. The
+best representations of it are those in Piranesi, three in number. One
+great, and conspicuous beauty of this vase consists in the elegantly
+formed handles, and in the artful insertion of the extreme branches of
+the vine-stems which compose them, into its margin, where they throw off
+a rich embroidery of leaves and fruit. A lion's skin, with the head and
+claws attached, form a sort of drapery, and the introduction of the
+thyrsus, the lituus, and three bacchanalian masks on each side, complete
+the embellishments. The capacity of this vase is 103 gallons, its
+diameter 9 feet, its pedestal of course modern. It was discovered in
+1770, in the draining of a mephitic lake within the enclosure of the
+Villa Adriana, called Laga di Pantanello. Lord Warwick had reason to be
+proud of his vase, which had this peculiarity, that, whereas almost every
+other object of art in the kingdom has been catalogued and sold over and
+over again, this vase passed (after a sufficiently long parenthesis of
+time) _immediately from the gardens of Adrian to his own!_
+
+_Blackwood's Magazine._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+Manners & Customs of all Nations.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+HEAVING.
+
+_(For the Mirror.)_
+
+
+They have a ludicrous custom in Staffordshire, at Easter, which they call
+heaving. The males claim Easter Monday, and the females Tuesday, and on
+this day a group of the latter assemble, and every male they meet with
+they seize, and one of them salutes him with a kiss, after which they all
+lay hold of him and heave him up as high as they can, for this they
+require some donation, which, if refused, they will seize his hat,
+handkerchief, or any thing they can lay hold of. This lasts till twelve
+o'clock. Sometimes old women collect together, and then woe be to the
+person who does not present them with a trifle, and thus stop their
+proceedings; for if not, their snuffy beaks might come in contact with
+their prisoners' lips. They often collect 10 or 12s. and spend it in
+carousing at night.
+
+W.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CONVICTS IN NEW SOUTH WALES.
+
+
+The regular hours of work are from sun-rise to sun-set; but so few
+settlers get up to see that this time is kept, that a much shorter period
+is generally employed in labour. The expense of maintaining a convict is
+rather a difficult calculation: where there are many men, they are, of
+course, supported at much less per man than where there are but few, from
+being able to buy slop clothes, tea, and the other necessaries, at
+wholesale prices, of the importing merchant. The waste, also, made by the
+convicts in their meat, &c. is a serious consideration: the head and
+entrails of animals slaughtered for their use, and which an English
+labourer would be glad of, are thrown away as only fit for the dogs;
+nothing but the body and legs are deemed sufficiently good for these
+dainty characters. Taking all expenses into consideration, I think that
+from 25l. to 30l. per man may be estimated as the annual
+cost--_Widowson's Present State of Van Dieman's Land_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THROWING STONES AT THE DEVIL.
+
+
+On arriving at Wady Muna, each nation encamped upon the spot which custom
+has assigned to it, at every returning Hadj. After disposing of the
+baggage, the hadjys hastened to the ceremony of throwing stones at the
+devil. It is said that, when Abraham or Ibrahim returned from the
+pilgrimage to Arafat, and arrived at Wady Muna, the devil Eblys presented
+himself before him at the entrance of the valley, to obstruct his
+passage; when the angel Gabriel, who accompanied the patriarch, advised
+him to throw stones at him, which he did, and after pelting him seven
+times, Eblys retired. When Abraham reached the middle of the valley, he
+again appeared before him, and, for the last time, at its western
+extremity, and was both times repulsed by the same number of stones.
+According to Azraky, the Pagan Arabs, in commemoration of this tradition,
+used to cast stones in this valley as they returned from the pilgrimage;
+and setup seven idols at Muna, of which there was one in each of the
+three spots where the devil appeared, at each of which they cast three
+stones. Mohammed, who made this ceremony one of the chief duties of the
+hadjys, increased the number of stones to seven. At the entrance of the
+valley, towards Mezdelfe, stands a rude stone pillar, or rather altar,
+between six or seven feet high, in the midst of the street, against which
+the first seven stones are thrown, as the place where the devil made his
+first stand: towards the middle of the valley is a similar pillar, and at
+its western end a wall of stones, which is made to serve the same
+purpose. The hadjys crowded in rapid succession round the first pillar,
+called "Djamrat el Awla;" and every one threw seven small stones
+successively upon it; they then passed to the second and third spots
+(called "Djamrat el Owsat," and "Djamrat el Sofaly," or "el Akaba," or
+"el Aksa,") where the same ceremony was repeated. In throwing the stones,
+they are to exclaim, "In the name of God; God is great (we do this) to
+secure ourselves from the devil and his troops." The stones used for
+this purpose are to be of the size of a horse-bean, or thereabouts; and
+the pilgrims are advised to collect them in the plain of Mezdelfe, but
+they may likewise take them from Muna; and many people, contrary to the
+law, collect those that have already been thrown.--_Burckhardt's
+Travels_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+THE GATHERER.
+
+  A snapper up of unconsidered trifles.
+
+SHAKSPEARE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE COACHMAN.
+
+
+The moment he has got his seat and made his start, you are struck at once
+with the perfect mastership of his art. The hand just over his left
+thigh, the arm without constraint, steady, and with a holding command
+that keeps his horses like clock-work; yet to a superficial observer
+quite with loose reins; so firm and compact he is, that you seldom
+observe any shifting, only to take a shorter purchase for a run down
+hill; his right hand and whip are beautifully in unison; the crop, if not
+in a direct line with the box, over the near wheel, raised gracefully up
+as it were to reward the near side horse; the thong--the thong after
+three twists, which appears in his hand to have been placed by the maker
+never to be altered or improved ...... and if the off-side horse becomes
+slack, to see the turn of his arm to reduce a twist, or to reverse, if
+necessary, is exquisite: after being _placed under the rib_, or upon the
+shoulder point, up comes the arm, and with it the thong returns to the
+elegant position upon the crop! I say elegant! the stick, highly polished
+yew--rather light--not too taper--yet elastic; a thong in clean order,
+pliable. All done without effort--merely a turn of the wrist!
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+At twelve o'clock at noon, on the day before Easter, the resurrection
+service begins at the Quirinal Chapel at Rome; when a curtain is drawn
+back, which conceals a picture of our Lord: bells ring, drums are beaten,
+guns are fired, and joy succeeds to mourning.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ACROSTIC ON "THE MIRROR."
+
+  MIRROR! methinks your name indeed is true
+  In every other point, except that you,
+  Resplendent with the wisdom of mankind,
+  Reflect not to the _sight_, but to the _mind_.
+  Oh! may success then to your pains accrue,
+  Rewarding all your merit with its due.
+
+D.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LOVE.
+
+  Love reigns the lord of every mortal heart;
+  He wounds the beggar, wounds the king,
+  And is the fairest, falsest thing,
+  That e'er excited joy, or bade a bosom smart.
+  Light as the wind, rough as the wave,
+  He's both a tyrant and a slave;
+  A fire that freezes, and a frost that's hot,
+  A bitter sweet, a luscious sour,
+  Wretched is he who knows his pow'r,
+  But far more wretched still is he who knows it not.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+TRUTH, A FABLE.
+
+At the gates of Sorbonne, Truth one day showed her face. The syndic met
+her. "What," said he, "do you want?" "Alas! hospitality." "Your name?"
+"My name is Truth." "Flee," said he, in anger, "flee, or I seek vengeance
+on your profaneness." "You chase me away," answered Truth; "but I live in
+hope to have my turn, being the spoiled child of Time, and gaining every
+thing by the means of my father."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The initial letters of the Latin names of the kings of Bonaparte's family
+form the Latin word _Nihil_, (nothing;) and this used to be called the
+genealogical acrostic:
+
+  L udovicus.
+  I osephus.
+  H ieronymus.
+  I oachim.
+  N apoleo.
+
+T.B.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE SUBTERFUGE.
+
+  "I vow, my dear Strephon," said Chloe one day,
+    While Damon lay hid in the bower,
+  "Yon sun that now gazes shall see a kiss given
+    To no one but thee from this hour."
+
+  Now Strephon is gone--and with mournful eye
+    Poor Damon upbraided the fair.
+  "Hush! blockhead," said Chloe, "the sun's now on high,
+    But d'ye think it will always be there?"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Lately published, with a Frontispiece, and thirty other Engravings, price
+5s.
+
+THE ARCANA OF SCIENCE, AND ANNUAL REGISTER OF THE USEFUL ARTS, FOR 1829.
+
+"This is a valuable register of the progress of science and arts during
+the past year. Engravings and a low price qualify it for extensive
+utility."--_Literary Gazette, March_ 21.
+
+"An agreeable and useful little volume."--_Athenaeum, Feb_. 18.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand, (near Somerset House,)
+London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market, Leipsic; and by all
+Newsmen and Booksellers.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement,
+and Instruction, No. 366, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE ***
+
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