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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/12071-0.txt b/12071-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..524af43 --- /dev/null +++ b/12071-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1763 @@ +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 12071 *** + +[Illustration: Women's Suffrage.] + + + + +=Woman's Journal and Suffrage News= + + +A weekly paper devoted to the interests of woman, to her educational, +industrial, legal and political equality, and especially to her right +of suffrage. + + +Founded in 1870 by Lucy Stone and Henry B. Blackwell + + _Editor-in-Chief_ + Alice Stone Blackwell + + + _Contributing Editors_ + + Mary Johnston Stephen S. Wise + Josephine P. Peabody Zona Gale + Florence Kelley Witter Bynner + Ben B. Lindsey Caroline Bartlett Crane + Ellis Meredith Mabel Craft Deering + Eliza Calvert Hall Reginald Wright Kauffman + + _Artists_ + + Mayme B. Harwood Fredrikke Palmer + Mrs. Oakes Ames + + _Deputy Treasurer _Assistant Editor_ + + Howard L. Blackwell Henry Bailey Stevens + + _Circulation Manager_ _Advertising Manager_ + + Marie Spink Joe B. Hosmer + + _Finance_ _Managing Editor_ + + Mildred Hadden Agnes E. Ryan + + + + +=THE TORCH BEARER= + + A Look Forward and Back at the + Woman's Journal, the Organ of + the Woman's Movement + +By Agnes E. Ryan + + + + +=Contents= + + +The Torch Bearer + +In the Balance + +Taken Into Our Confidence + +Some Changes + +It Speaks for Itself (Editorial Department) + +Suffrage Volunteer News Service + +The Connecting Link (Circulation Department) + +What Papers Live By (Advertising Department) + +Prints and Reprints (Literature Department) + +The Graveyard (Research and Information Departments) + +Holding the Reins (Administration Department) + +Capturing the Imagination (Press and Publicity Dept.) + +A Word in Time (Field Workers' Department) + +The Hope Chest (Finance Department) + +Early Stockholders + +Present Stockholders + +The Journal Goes to 39 Foreign Countries + +The Corporation + + + + +=List of Illustrations= + + Lucy Stone, Henry B. Blackwell + Alice Stone Blackwell + Charts: + Increase in Cost of Publishing + Increase in Circulation + Propaganda Work + The Woman's Journal Staff: + Circulation Department + The General Staff + The Directors: + Alice Stone Blackwell, Emma L. Blackwell, Maud + Wood Park, Grace A. Johnson, Agnes E. Ryan + The Woman's Journal artists: + Fredrikke S. Palmer + Mrs. Oakes Ames + The Woman's Journal Printers: + E.L. Grimes, M.J. Grimes, William Grimes + Mary A. Livermore + William Lloyd Garrison + Wendell Phillips + Julia Ward Howe + Armenia White + Margaret Foley + Thomas Wentworth Higginson + Mrs. David Hunt + The Anti and the Snowball + + + + Justice, simple justice is + what the world needs. + --Lucy Stone + +[Illustration: Lucy Stone.] + +[Illustration: Henry B Blackwell.] + +=Founders of the Woman's Journal= + + + + +=The Torch Bearer= + +So wonderful are the days in which we are living and so rapidly is +the canvas being crowded with the record of achievement in the woman's +movement that it is time for readers of the Woman's Journal and for +all suffragists to know somewhat intimately and as never before what +goes on in the four little rooms in Boston where the organ of the +suffrage movement is prepared for its readers each week. + +Before telling what has been done and what is planned and hoped, it +will perhaps be well to give a little picture of the paper which to +many has been the "Suffrage Bible" since it was started over forty-six +years ago by Lucy Stone, Henry B. Blackwell and the little band of +woman's rights pioneers who saw, almost at the dawn of the movement, +the need of an organ. + +Before the charter for the Woman's Journal was granted in 1870, +$10,000 had to be paid into its treasury. This was at a time when +there were few millionaires in the world, and $10,000 then must have +looked like as many millions today. + +How ardent, then, must have been the few, how eloquent the +presentation, to have raised $10,000 with which to start a paper for +the sole purpose of advocating equal rights for women! But they were +ardent and eloquent, and from the road to martyrdom they have come to +us through history as great men and women of their time. The pages of +the Woman's Journal are brilliant with their sayings, and the reports +of the early stockholders' meetings echo the voices of that pioneer +band led by Wendell Phillips, William Lloyd Garrison, Lucy Stone and +Julia Ward Howe. + +Never for a single week since 1870 have the women of the country been +without a mouthpiece to voice their needs and wrongs. This has +been due chiefly to the fact that the Stone-Blackwell family has +continuously given not only of its services in editing and managing +the paper, but also has made generous contributions for years to +enable the paper to continue. + +So much in brief for the forty years from 1870 to 1910. From July 1, +1910, to September 30, 1912, the financial support of the paper was +assumed by the National American Woman Suffrage Association. After +that it fell to the manager of the paper either to get contributions +to meet the deficit each year or to borrow. On October 1, 1912, Miss +Blackwell contributed $2,000; on January 31, 1914, she again gave the +paper $2,000. + +With the exception of these $4,000, I have raised or borrowed each +year the necessary money, over and above receipts, to keep the paper +going. With the beginning of 1915 Miss Blackwell began to feel that +she could not continue indefinitely to make up a deficit, and she +began seriously to consider cutting the size of the paper to four +pages or making it a monthly. + +The 1915 campaigns particularly needed all the aid that the Journal +could give, and feeling keenly that the proposed changes would greatly +reduce its power of usefulness, the following points were made by Mr. +Stevens and myself in further consideration of the matter with Miss +Blackwell and a few warm friends of the Journal: + +With the single exception of the _Irish Citizen_, the Woman's Journal +is the only suffrage paper in existence which has no organization back +of it. _Jus Suffragii_ has the International Woman Suffrage Alliance. +_The Woman Voter_ has the New York Woman Suffrage Party. _Votes for +Women_ in England has the United Suffragists. _The Suffragette_ had +the Woman's Social and Political Union of England. _The Suffragist_ +has the Congressional Union. _The Headquarters News Letter_ has the +National Suffrage Association. + +Now, while the Journal has had no organization with large membership +and resources to make it a power, it has shown great vitality as +witnessed by the fact that it is the oldest surviving suffrage +periodical in the world. Furthermore, it has shown such remarkable +growth during the past few years, with no capital put up to promote +it and build it up as other businesses are built up, that it seemed +apparent that all it needed to make it strong and self-supporting was +a reasonable amount of capital, a reasonable amount of time and the +wholehearted co-operation of suffragists in general which has been +growing in an encouraging degree. It seemed a time for faith and not +for fear. + +It was accordingly decided to retain the eight-page size, to continue +the paper as a weekly and to borrow the money necessary to meet the +deficit, believing that the great body of readers of the Journal +would approve and sustain this decision when it was brought to their +knowledge. They would feel that a backward step should be impossible. + +At the present time and covering the indebtedness of the Journal from +October, 1912, to January, 1916, the figures are as follows: + + Borrowed in 1915....................... $10,500 + + Owed E.L. Grimes Company for printing, + paper stock, mailing, approximately .. 9,000 + ________ + $19,500 + +The assets of the Journal at the time of the last stockholders' +meeting (January 28) included the following: + + Subscriptions in arrears .................$4,968 + Sales accounts ........................... 45 + Advertising accounts ..................... 460 + Legacy of Miss Caroline F. Hollis......... 3,000 + Legacy of Mrs. Mary E.C. Orne............. 4,000 + Legacy of Mrs. Hollingsworth ............. 1,000 + ______ + $13,473 + +The amount to be raised, therefore, to meet the indebtedness of the +three years and three months from October 1, 1912, to January 1, 1916, +is $6,027. + +From these figures it will be seen that we have to count upon +collecting nearly $5,000 in subscriptions in arrears, upon legacies to +be paid within the year, to meet the expenses of furnishing a paper to +the cause, and that even then we must have over $5,000 additional to +be out of debt for 1915. + + [Illustration: + Alice Stone Blackwell + Editor of the Woman's Journal] + +While the Journal has always had a few gifts each year and an +occasional legacy, both gifts and legacies have, in their very +nature, been uncertain quantities and not to be relied upon. It has, +therefore, followed that from 1870 to 1910, as well as in the +period above referred to (1912 to 1915), for forty-three years, +the Stone-Blackwell family has borne the brunt of the burden of the +support of the paper on which the whole suffrage movement has depended +so completely for nearly half a century. As Mrs. Chapman Catt says, +"The Woman's Journal has always been the organ of the suffrage +movement, and no suffragist, private or official, can be well informed +unless she is a constant reader of it. It is impossible to imagine +the suffrage movement without the Woman's Journal." That is the way +suffragists feel about the paper from the Atlantic to the Pacific and +abroad,--and yet there is no organized, systematic effort made for its +support and maintenance. + +There is, moreover, no suffragist but will say at once that this +paper, which is for the advancement of all women, should be supported +by all suffragists in an organized way rather than by a few--out of +their own pockets. I am working to bring this to pass. I believe one +of the results that will follow the heavy expenditures made by the +Journal in 1915 will be organized support of the paper. + +Since the Woman's Journal is the organ of the movement, since it gives +the news of the movement, voices the wrongs of women, and furnishes +data as well as inspiration with which to work, it is important that +it reach the largest number of women possible each week with its +message, and so far as is possible for a paper, convert them into +efficient, consecrated workers, possessed with the ideal of equality +and justice for women. It is, therefore, obvious that, however good +the editorial output, it counts for comparatively little if it goes to +only a small number of people. + +From 1870 to 1907, there is no record of the number of subscribers to +the paper, for the price of the paper was changed from $3 to $2.50 to +$1.50. The price is now $1 per year. The last change was made in 1910 +because it was becoming clear that a lower price would mean a larger +circulation, while a higher price made it prohibitive to many. +Furthermore, the lower price was in harmony with the growing tendency +to remove the membership fee in suffrage organizations because it had +proved a handicap in having a large backing of women for the cause. +So many women of humble means, or no independent means, wanted to take +the paper and could not! + +Bearing in mind, then, that the aim of the Journal, both from a +propaganda and business viewpoint, is to reach large numbers, that is, +to have a large circulation, I have had two charts drawn which will +show that, although the cost of publishing is heavy, the cost +of production is not advancing as rapidly as is the increase in +circulation. In other words, the circulation of the paper has +multiplied over eleven times in the last eight years, while the cost +of publishing for the same period has multiplied less than eight +times. The following charts show this graphically. + +Compare the two long vertical lines. The longer one shows the increase +in the number of readers. The shorter one shows the increase in the +cost of publishing the paper. + + [Illustration: + Increase in Circulation + Increase in Cost of Publishing] + +As a propaganda paper, the Woman's Journal has, of course, always sent +out many papers per year purely for educational purposes. Hundreds of +papers have gone each year since 1870 through 1915 to campaign +states, to legislators, to libraries, to newspapers, to ministers and +teachers, in the attempt to make converts, and every suffragist having +any perspective of the movement knows that such propaganda work by the +Woman's Journal is to a great extent what has advanced the movement to +its present status. In other words, the Journal has from year to year +carried the torch on,--but it has always been at the sacrifice of a +large sum to be raised, over and above the receipts, either from the +Stone-Blackwell family or from a few friends of the movement. + +The year 1915, with the advance of the movement in general, and in +the four big campaign states in particular, has been exceptional as a +propaganda year for the Journal. When a call came for Journals or for +information which the Journal workers could give, whether from New +York, Massachusetts, New Jersey, or Pennsylvania, the call has been +answered promptly; we have not said,--when the amendments were to be +voted on at a definite time,--"You must wait until we have raised the +money to pay for what you ask." We are proceeding in the same way with +the campaign states of 1916. What else can we do when the need is so +great? + +The following illustration shows the extent of our propaganda work, +measured in papers, for 1915. It does not show what has been done in +the way of furnishing information and argument, refutation and data, +material and articles for the press or for special articles, debates, +and speeches. + +This chart shows the free propaganda use of the Journal as compared +with the paid circulation. The black lines show the paid circulation +of the Journal per month, that is, the number of papers paid for by +the subscriber or by the single copy. The gray extension of the lines +shows the number of papers furnished by the Journal, for which the +recipient did not pay. The reader can here see at a glance what a +large part of our work does not bring any financial returns. + +[Illustration: The Journal as Propaganda] + +If a diagram could be shown of the number of letters we have answered +during the year, the amount of time it has taken, and the number of +writers who do not even send a postage stamp to carry information +back to them, and the consequent deficit the paper incurs in this +way alone, the result would shock the average suffragist into a new +attitude toward the paper, which she has called upon as freely and +thoughtlessly as a girl in her teens calls upon the time and resources +of the mother who has always stood near and ready to meet her every +need "without money and without price." + +At this point, I want again to call attention to the fact that the +Woman's Journal is, with one exception, the only suffrage paper in +existence which does not have some organization back of it which helps +to meet its financial responsibilities. Although it has always been +the organ of the movement, it has stood alone for the most part, +depending on the devotion of a few to make up any sum that might be +needed to meet the lack of organized suffragists to support it as part +of their suffrage work. + +It is, of course, easy to see how this has come about. In the +beginning the number of suffragists was so small that there was little +organization. The movement was carried on by a few and a few supported +the paper. Times have changed, however, and all of the other branches +of suffrage work are being carried on by organizations with the body +of believers meeting the expense of running the work. + +There has, however, always been this difference between the expense +of maintaining the Journal and supporting the work of the suffrage +organization: The Journal has been published every week for over +forty-six years; it has never missed an issue, and its expenses have +gone on. In other words, it has always been in campaign, while for +the most part during those forty-six years the organizations have +had comparatively little expense, they have not usually maintained a +headquarters, have had few or no meetings, and have had few and short +campaigns. Now, because the Journal has survived the times of +no organizations, the times of few and weak organizations, it is +thoughtlessly expected to go on as it has since 1870, paying its bills +as best it might. In the meantime, its work has increased so that +it is large enough to be unwieldy without being self-supporting. +(Self-support cannot come until its paid circulation is about 50,000.) + +We are, therefore, face to face with the fact that, while all +suffragists are agreed as to the merits of the paper and the need it +fills, very few have considered its problems, few have helped to carry +its burdens, and no organization today makes itself responsible for +any of the paper's expenses. + +With the advancing movement's heavy demands on the paper, however, the +time for a change has come. The paper's support in the future ought +to be borne by the body of organized suffragists rather than by the +devotion and sacrifice of the few. Lucy Stone and Henry B. Blackwell +died in harness. Alice Stone Blackwell, their daughter, is no longer +young, and ought not to suffer from overwork and worry in connection +with the struggle to keep the paper going. + +So much for the past. What shall be the story of the future? The paper +has been almost inevitably in debt. Its present bills and loans must +be met. It will doubtless be possible to raise money to meet them +from individuals as in the past, although that is an uphill and rather +thankless task. But it does seem as if those who labor early and late +in the office, often single-handed, ought not to have to go out to +raise money to meet a deficit they were obliged to incur purely in +order to serve the woman's movement. + +What is the solution? I want to propose a definite, practical, +constructive solution,--one that will not only lift the paper to +self-support almost at once, but will strengthen the whole movement +in the very things that Mrs. Chapman Catt and all others know is most +needed,--education and organization of women. What I want to propose +is that as suffragists we show what our present power is; that we show +the strength of our present organization; that as leaders and workers, +organizers and speakers, we get behind our paper and push it with all +our might; that, so far as is humanly possible, we enroll as regular +readers every member of our respective organizations; that we give our +paper a backing as much to be reckoned with as the so-called women's +publications that are so conspicuous on the news-stands. It can be +done. We have the power. + +Doing it is bound to mean more education and more organization. For +the Journal fills its readers with zeal for the cause; it makes +them want to work for it; and it makes them well informed, efficient +workers. By taking this one step we have the power to put the entire +movement on a new footing! + +But how is the paper to be put into the hands of all suffragists? They +are many and to send them a well-edited, well-printed paper will be +expensive. How are bills and loans already incurred to be met? By +gifts and legacies from individuals as in the past--in the uphill, +undignified way? Or by getting all readers of the Journal, all +believers in it as an educator, to join themselves into a mighty army +to enroll as subscribers for the Journal every possible member of a +suffrage organization? + +Until the second way shall be in operation long enough--say, two +years--to have a chance to work out successfully, there is absolutely +no question but that the needs of the situation must be met in +the first way. But must it be done by begging--in humiliation +undeserved--or will those who are able consider it a privilege, an +opportunity, to take the burden from the backs that are bent and sore +from carrying it? + + * * * * * +In the Balance + + If this were the crucial moment in a campaign and you + saw that votes for a suffrage amendment were in the + balance, you would give of the best that you have, + with all the fervency of your heart. But campaigns are + not won in a day. They are won only by constant and + untiring advance work. The Woman's Journal does a + big share of this advance work. The Journal is always + in campaign. The Journal needs your help now and it + needs it given as freely as if a critical Election Day were + only six weeks off. The campaigns of this year and the + next few years are in the balance now. A privilege, + an opportunity for furthering a great world movement, + waits on those who are able. + + * * * * * + + + + +=Taken Into Our Confidence= + + +In the following pages our readers and the great body of suffragists +are taken quite generally into our confidence. If they see any +skeletons in the closets, we shall ask them to remember that we did +not want the skeletons there. + +All persons who have ever tried to raise money for a worthy cause, all +suffragists who have given balls and bazaars, all who have labored +to make an audience pledge its last dollar for suffrage, all who have +ever tried to run an impecunious newspaper, all who have ever tried +to finance any kind of a movement for the betterment of mankind, will +know that the figures given here are written in blood and should be +read only by those of an understanding and sympathetic heart. + +1908--1915 + + Cost Circulation + + 1909.................. $5,303 2,328 + + 1910.................. 10,020 3,989 + + 1911.................. 18,510 15,275 + + 1912.................. 24,499 19,309 + + 1913.................. 24,588 20,309 + + 1914.................. 27,509 21,303 + + 1915.................. 38,137 27,634 + + + + +[Illustration: THE CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT Left to Right-First row +Haxel McCormik, Franklin Grammar School Marie Spink, Western Reverse +University, Ethel Costello, Cambridge Commercial College, Second row: +Helen Hegarthy, Charlestown High, Eleanor Falvey, South Boston High, +Edith Mosher, Comer's Commercial College, Agnes McCarthy, South Boston +High, Mary Collins, St. Joseph's Academy Third row: Isabel McCormick, +Boston University; Donna Cox, Belmont High, Ethel Johnson, Fisher +Business College, Lucia Gilbert, Berlin High.] + +[Illustration: THE GENERAL STAFF + +Left to Right--First row Vina Smith, Wellesley College, Agnes E. Ryan, +Boston University, Elizabeth Costello, Comer's Commercial College, +Howard L. Blackwell, Harvard University. Second row Carlisle Morris, +Harvard University, Mildred Hadden, Western Reserve University, Henry +Bailey Stevens, Dartmouth College, Ethel Power. Third row Joe B. +Hosmer, University of Missouri, Mary Gallagher, Bryant and Stratton +Commercial School, Thomas Kennedy, Mary Healey, Fisher Business +College, Thomas McGrath, Lawrence Grammar School.] + + + +=Some Changes= + + +To the friends of the Woman's Journal who used to visit its office +on Beacon Street, and remember the tiny room with its staff of two or +three workers, the pictures of the office staff on the accompanying +pages will come as a surprise. This is the 1916 staff, however, and +the movement has grown most encouragingly in every branch since the +quiet days on Beacon Street. + +Every phase of the Journal work, from handling a subscription list of +about 30,000 to answering a thousand and one questions of debaters, +press chairmen and speakers, has grown to such proportions that it +has been necessary to divide the work into ten variously developed +departments, which will be described in the following pages. + + + + +=It Speaks for Itself= + + +The Editorial Department in the main speaks for itself and does not +need a special report. It has its seamy side, however, and little as +people want to believe it, it is not merely the literary branch of the +work. On the contrary, the editorial work of the Woman's Journal is, +figuratively speaking, divided into sevenths. It is one part literary +or journalistic, two parts business, and four parts propaganda. + +There is, of course, a great deal of pleasure in editorial work for +the mere fun of it, for the variety and fascination it affords, for +the mere delight in expressing thought in writing and in choosing +pictures to carry the weekly message. But when a publication has to +be put to press on the same day every week, when one feels almost +instinctively that each issue must be better than the one before, and +when each week of the world every worker in the department carries a +double or triple load, some of the pleasure of writing and editing and +planning is worn away. + +The material for the contents of the paper is gathered each week +from a variety of sources: From letters, personal interviews, press +chairmen of league and associations in the different states, +from bulletins, newspapers, periodicals, reports of meetings and +conventions, and from clipping bureaus. All material has, of course, +to be sorted and worked over for the various departments. It divides +chiefly into matter for editorials, for propaganda articles, for the +news columns, and for the activities reported under the headings of +the various states. + +The editorial page of the Journal carries about 2,200 words each week. +This page goes to about 30,000 homes, libraries and clubs, and is read +by approximately 100,000 persons. Issued fifty-two times a year, +it means that Miss Blackwell makes about five million two hundred +thousand "drives" per year with her editorials alone to educate the +public on equal suffrage. + +The news of the whole movement gleaned from the various sources +including some two hundred papers and periodicals each week, must be +so combined and boiled down as to occupy the smallest space; and it +must be interpreted, investigated and its relation to the general +current of events brought out so that the propaganda value of the +week's news is unmistakable. + +Besides the editorials and the regular news of the movement, we use +occasional contributed articles, poems and stories. During 1915 for +the first time investigations of various sorts and analyses of news, +reports and various kinds of data were made to furnish a telling and +convincing array of facts, figures, data and information particularly +fitted for suffrage workers. Such material has been found especially +valuable for use with those who were wavering as to the merits of the +cause. + +Many people would find it hard to believe, but it is true nevertheless +that a paper needs to consider itself something of a business matter. +This is particularly true of propaganda papers in spite of all that +has been said to the contrary. In the case of the Journal, we need +to plan to produce an article that cannot be excelled; we need to +manufacture a product so useful, so valuable, so indispensable, that +there must be a market for it. + +It must be so run that the largest possible number of people will +be satisfied with its policy, and this is no easy matter if one has +convictions and wants to run the paper according to high ideals and +with certain principles dominant. Many people want personal notices +and trivial articles in the paper; some wish long manuscripts +published; others think their league meetings should be more fully +reported. The paper must, therefore, be so edited and the letters of +the department must be so written as to make every one feel that +the Journal is fair to all and that whatever it does is done with no +personal animosities, with no biases, and purely for the welfare of +the cause and in accordance with the best ideals we have been able to +work out. One of our tasks is to make all realize that in editing the +organ of the movement a great responsibility must be met and that mean +or small things cannot influence us. + +All daily papers, all periodicals and magazines that live and become +powerful relate their editorial policy very closely to their business +plans. And whether the end and aim of a publication is to make money +or to make converts to some cause or idea, the editorial policy cannot +be planned independent of the circulation of the paper without running +the risk of defeating its purpose. + + +[Illustration: THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS Left to Right--Lower row Emma L. +Blackwell, Alice Stone Blackwell, Grace A. Johnson +Upper row Maud Wood Park, Agnes E. Ryan] + + + +In this connection a suffragist can scarcely help coveting for her +paper the circulation which the various women's magazines of fashion +have attained. The thought leads almost inevitably to the question, +How did they get their large circulation? + +Now whenever there is large use made of any article under the sun, the +reasons for its extensive use simmer down to three; First, the article +must be something that practically everybody needs; Second, the +marketers of the article must spend a lot of money in advertising +the article and making the public think it wants it; or, Third, the +article must carry with it some great interest and attraction that +makes people want it. + +The first kind of article is usually one of the necessities of life. +The second is in a greater or less degree usually one of the comforts +of life. The third kind is neither a matter of physical necessity +nor of physical comfort; it is usually something that feeds the mind, +diverts the mind, or kindles the emotions. Obviously the manufacturer +of the third kind of article must mind his P's and Q's or he will not +sell his product at all. + +Newspapers, periodicals, and magazines, of course, come under the +third class. Now while a good daily paper and a good weekly review +of events have become almost necessities for the mass of mankind, a +propaganda paper is neither a necessity nor a physical comfort, and +for its circulation it must depend to a great extent for financial +support on making itself so interesting and attractive that a larger +number of people than the already converted, the reformers, will want +it. + +How then shall a propaganda paper make itself so interesting and +attractive that those outside its fold will want it and want it badly +enough to pay for it and read it--when there are so many attractive +and interesting publications to read in busy days? + +The problem solves itself if the paper records news of vitality, +of heroism, of martyrdom, of stinging injustice in connection with +everyday life,--if the doings within the movement are vital and +challenging and kindle the imagination. + + +[Illustration: Mrs. Fredrikke S. Palmer, Staff Artist] + + One of the biggest "strikes" + in the recent history of the + Woman's Journal has been the + addition of Mrs. Palmer to the + staff. Her drawings, contributed + gratis, have attracted + country-wide attention, because + of their artistic quality. Mrs. + Palmer studied art in Christiania, + Norway, and is the wife + of Prof. A.H. Palmer, of Yale + University. + +[Illustration: Mrs. Oakes Ames, Staff Artist] + + One of Mrs. Ames's cartoons + brought down the disapprobation + of Ex-President Taft but + the approbation of a great many + suffragists. Mrs. Ames is treasurer + of the Massachusetts + Woman Suffrage Association + and wife of the director of the + Botanic Garden of Harvard University. + +But women's lives are full of just such vitally interesting matters. +There are such glaring cases of inequality before the law, such abuses +and atrocities in women's working world today, such humiliation and +insinuation in the personal life of womankind, simply because of sex, +that, were the half of it told, the suffrage movement would take on +such proportions as even the leaders do not dream of. + +Because an experience is common in the life of womankind, because an +abuse is as old as the hills, it is no less vital, no less thrilling, +no less in need of righting. And because some men are opposed, +secretly or openly, to its righting is no reason why we should be +silent. Before the women of this country are fully enfranchised, a +hard fight, an almost life and death struggle for liberty, must be +fought, and it will be a shorter fight the hotter it is. And the heat +of the battle and the shortness of the struggle will depend almost +entirely on our courage in presenting vividly and with power woman's +case to women themselves. + + +=Members of the Firm of E.L. Grimes Co.= + +Printers of The Woman's Journal + +[Illustration: M.J. Grimes] + +[Illustration: E.L. Grimes] + +[Illustration: W.P. Grimes] + + + + +=Our Volunteer Suffrage News Service= + +Instead of a staff of paid correspondents and a special news service, +the Woman's Journal has a large unnumbered staff of volunteers and +its news service which extends all over the civilized world also is +voluntary. + +The editorial output is, therefore, greatly enhanced each week by the +careful vigilance of its many volunteer workers. In this service all +readers are invited to join by mailing to the Journal clippings, news, +articles, items, poems, pictures, jokes, examples of discriminations +against women, examples of women's achievements, and ideas of all +kinds. + + + + +=The Connecting Link= + +When I think of the Circulation Department of the Woman's Journal, +I feel as I think Angela Morgan must have felt when she wrote the +following lines for the beginning of her great poem, "Today:" + + "To be alive in such an age! + With every year a lightning page + Turned in the world's great wonder book + Whereon the leaning nations look.... + When miracles are everywhere + And every inch of common air + Throbs a tremendous prophecy + Of greater marvels yet to be. + O thrilling age!" + +The Woman's Journal is the connecting link between the individual +suffragist and the movement itself, and a certain thrill and delight +and marvel get hold of me when I realize how wonderful each year is +and how full of prophecy and promise and marvel is the cause for which +we all work. + +Because the Circulation Department of the Woman's Journal is the +tangible bond which holds us all together and makes one big family +of all who work for the movement and all who are in any way connected +with the paper, I am going to try to take the readers of these +pages into the Journal offices and let them see the processes of the +department. + +While Miss Blackwell, Mr. Stevens, Miss Smith, Mr. Morris and myself +are spending part of our time in preparing reading matter and pictures +for the paper, and while we are working at the printing office of the +Grimes Brothers on Wednesdays, Miss Spink, Miss Ethel Costello and +their assistants, Miss Mosher, Miss Isabel McCormick, Miss Falvey, +Miss Hegarty, Miss McCarthy, Miss Collins, Miss Cox, Miss Johnson, +Miss Gilbert, and Miss Hazel McCormick are diligently at work in the +Circulation Department. + +What do they all do? the subscriber may ask. In the first place, the +Journal goes to forty-eight states, besides Alaska and the District of +Columbia, and to thirty-nine foreign countries. On a page by itself, +in the back of this little book, will be shown the list of foreign +countries. + +When a subscription is received at the office, the letter carrying it +has to be opened and the money entered by Miss Elizabeth Costello in +the ledger--and it takes just as long to enter 25 cents or a dollar +as to enter $1,000, and it must be done just as accurately. If +the subscription is sent in for one's self, no acknowledgment is +necessary, for the next issue of the paper is sufficient to tell the +subscriber that her money and order have been received. If, however, +as so often happens, one person sends a subscription for another, +two additional processes must be carried out: We must acknowledge the +order and money to the person who sends it, and we must tell the other +person (if the subscription is a gift) that the paper is being sent to +her with the compliments of her friend, or by an anonymous person, +as the case may be: but at any rate, that the subscription is for a +certain time and that she will not be billed for it. This takes +two letters and two stamps. When a subscription is sent in by some +suffragist who is acting as agent in forwarding subscriptions for +other people, we acknowledge the order only to the sender, +thinking that receipt of the paper by the subscriber is sufficient +acknowledgment. In this connection, one of our worst problems is to +learn from those who mail us subscription orders whether they are +simply forwarding for other people or are sending the paper at their +expense in the hope of making a convert or of introducing it +to someone, with the hope that she will want to continue the +subscription. The trouble comes in the question of knowing whom to +ask to renew. Sometimes the sender means to renew for the person, and +sometimes she means to have us ask the person to renew for herself. +We have no means of knowing unless the sender tells us. We have found +that whichever way we do, some of our friends do not like it. We +have, therefore, adopted the system of asking the person who has +been receiving the paper to renew for herself unless we have +been definitely instructed not to do this. Some people tell us to +discontinue the subscription when the time has expired. We do not +think this a fair thing to ask, for the obvious reason that everyone +ought to have a chance to renew for herself in case the giver does not +want to renew for her. + +The third step in receiving a subscription is to write the name in the +proper place on the subscription lists that go to the mailing +company every Tuesday night. The states in these lists are arranged +alphabetically, the towns and cities are arranged alphabetically and +the names of subscribers are arranged in the same way. In addition to +this the books have to be arranged in districts that correspond to the +mail routing of the United States post office. This is an arbitrary +dividing, and it increases the work of finding the proper place for +entering a subscription. In this a post office chart has to be used +constantly. + +After an entry has been made in the mailing books, the subscription +order, before it is filed, goes to the subscription cards. There the +clerks must see whether the name is already on the books, or, if not, +if it has ever been on our books (In the latter case we revise the +former card instead of making a new one). The subscription cards look +like the one reproduced below. + +[Illustration: Subscription Card] + +Some letters that bring subscription orders contain many other items +that must be attended to before the order or letter is filed. For +instance, a letter may contain a new subscription, a renewal, a +remittance or a request to send a bill, an order for sample copies, +for papers to sell at a meeting, for literature, a request for +information and an item or poem or article for the columns of the +paper. Each matter mentioned in the letter must, of course, be +attended to before the letter can go to the files. To avoid having a +letter filed before all of its orders or requests have been attended +to, we stamp each piece of mail with a little rubber stamp that looks +like the following: + + A.S.B.....Bill + + A.E.R.....Fin. + + H.B.S.....Advt. + + Date Received + + Ackg......Sub. + + Papers....Lit. + + Circ......Amt. & page. + +Every piece of first-class mail that reaches the office is stamped +with these abbreviations and is at once checked for the different +stages through which it must go before it is filed. The clerk filing +must see that every check on the stamp has a sign after the check to +show that the particular matter indicated has been attended to. + +Of course, another part of the subscription work is in making changes +of address, changing dates of expiration and removing names of +those who do not want to continue to receive the paper, such as +the anti-suffragists, who do not want to be converted, to whom some +relative or friend or acquaintance has been sending the paper out of +her own pocket. + +Then there is the work involved in getting subscribers to renew. When +the subscription list contained only twenty-four hundred names and +when there were few letters to write, it was possible to know the +names and perhaps something of the history of every subscriber, +especially since only a few were put on the books in a week. But with +a circulation of nearly thirty thousand it is obviously impossible for +any one person to give the whole list personal attention. + +The result is that the business policy of the paper has had to be +changed a number of times to meet the changing needs. In the earlier +days of the paper it was thought that subscribers would watch the +expiration date on the wrapper of their paper and would send in the +renewal price without any kind of reminder. In those days Miss Wilde +and her assistant would go over the books twice a year and send a +reminder to all who had not renewed. As the list grew larger, this +plan seemed unsatisfactory to both the subscriber and the paper. Since +people were at liberty to start a subscription at any time in the +year, it was plain that a year's subscription would run out at the +same time the following year, and since this was going on twelve +months in the year, we began sending out bills each month to those +subscribers whose subscriptions were about to expire. That system was +in operation from 1910 through 1915. + +During 1915, it was made possible for us to have enough helpers in the +office to make a study of the Circulation Department with a view +to seeing where improvements could be made, what leakages could be +stopped, and what kind of circulation work was paying. The result was +that we decided that along with our efforts to get new subscriptions +we must carry on a new kind of work to keep those already obtained +on our books. We found that it was not sufficient simply to send the +paper to a person for a certain time and then ask her to renew. We +found that we needed to study the source of the subscription, the +motive for subscribing, and how best to appeal to the subscriber +to renew. We found that since we had been keeping the record (1910 +through 1915), about 26,000 persons have been on our books and for +some reason or other are no longer there. A careful study and a long +one showed that those whose papers had been discontinued in that +period fell into the following classifications: + + 1. Those who had died. + + 2. Unconverted antis. + + 3. Those who had not paid + after we had sent three + bills. + + 4. Those who had moved without + giving us their change + of address. + + 5. Those whom the post office + reported as "not found." + + 6. Those who asked to be + discontinued without giving + a reason. + + 7. Those who said they could + not afford it. + + 8. Those who said they were + too busy to read it. + + 9. Those who said they were + converted and did not + need it. + + 10. Those who disapproved of our policy in some way. + +The number of new subscriptions and the number of papers discontinued +for 1915, by the month, is shown below so that readers may understand +how serious is this problem and so that they may understand why every +subscriber and every suffragist ought to help keep the numbers in +these ten classes as small as is possible, if they care to have a part +in making the paper self-supporting. + + 1915 + New Subscriptions Discontinuances + January 1,297 407 + February 2,088 346 + March 1,048 714 + April 532 225 + May 1,259 301 + June 972 492 + July 1,513 253 + August 2,265 188 + September 1,135 168 + October 657 312 + November 326 140 + December 563 263 + +In this connection it ought to be said here that all subscriptions +divide into two classes: Those that are expected to make converts +and may or may not be expected to renew, and second, those who are +suffragists and may logically be expected to renew. When an order for +a subscription is given, it, therefore, ought to make clear whether it +is for a suffragist or for some one who it is hoped will be converted +by reading the paper. If the name is that of a suffragist, it is +legitimate and entirely fair that we should offer the paper for her at +$1.00 a year and should expect her to renew, and it may be considered +our fault if she does not. If, on the other hand, the paper is being +sent merely as a piece of propaganda literature to a person who +knows nothing of the cause, to one who is undecided, or to an avowed +anti-suffragist, it ought to be paid for as literature and that name +ought not to be counted as legitimate circulation. + +How many of the total number of discontinuances come from the use of +the paper as propaganda literature, and how many come from the rank +and file of suffragists whom we ought to be expected to hold as +regular readers, cannot be known. Detailed records showing this are +being kept for 1916, and we expect to be in a better position to solve +some of the circulation difficulties in the future than ever in the +past,--chiefly because we never dared to spend the money to have the +records and study and analyses made. + +It ought to be said in this connection that we have, since the first +of the year, revised our whole system of billing and are sending a +different kind of reminder to renew to those who have been receiving +a trial subscription, a complimentary subscription from a friend, a +first year subscription for which they have themselves paid, from +the one we send to those who have been taking the paper for a year +or more. With the latter, for the most part, we simply have to remind +them that their subscription has run out. In the billing department, +therefore, we have six different kinds of reminders or requests to +renew. + +So much for that part of the work of the Circulation Department that +has to do with entering, recording, billing, analyzing and studying. +We turn now to what may be called plans and advance work for making +more subscriptions come in, that is, for increasing the circulation of +the paper. + +We have on cards the names of nearly 35,000 members of suffrage +leagues who are not subscribers for the Woman's Journal. This large +list is, roughly, only about 30 per cent of the dues-paying membership +of the suffrage leagues of the country. An effort is being made to get +the total dues-paying and non-dues-paying membership of the leagues +and organizations in order that we may send each member who is not a +subscriber a sample copy of the organ of the movement and ask her to +subscribe. + +Besides the league lists, we have the names of over 1300 prominent men +and women who believe in equal suffrage but are not subscribers. In +addition we have other lists totaling about 32,000 suffragists whose +names are not on our books. + +This makes over 68,000 suffragists who, so far as we know, have never +seen a copy of the organ of the movement, and have never been asked +to subscribe. Each week scores and sometimes hundreds of such +suffragists, who are not subscribers, write letters to our office, +to the offices of the National Suffrage Association and to other +headquarters and offices, asking for information which the Woman's +Journal publishes from week to week. Think of the waste! They have the +faith but not the knowledge to make converts, to answer objections, +to write "copy" for the newspapers, to make addresses, to take part in +debates, to write articles for the magazines, and to do the thousand +and one things that suffragists must do if the present generation of +women is not to go down to the grave unenfranchised as their mothers +and grandmothers did. + +Think of it! Nearly 70,000 known suffragists who do not subscribe. In +the interest of efficiency they ought all to be constant readers of +the paper. But how are they to be reached? There are two ways: First, +by the officers of the organization to which they belong; and second, +by means of letters, sample copies, and follow up letters until the +last one of them has enrolled as a regular reader. + +But advance work requires funds. No matter how necessary to the cause +of equal suffrage it may be to enroll those 68,000 suffragists as +readers, the United States Post Office will not sell us stamps for +writing to them unless we can make cash payments. Funds for other +parts of the work of increasing the circulation are equally necessary, +and the work halts for lack of that which reformers always lack. + +The Woman's Journal can make suffrage speeches every week in the +remote parts as well as in the crowded cities, and it can do this more +cheaply than can any other agent of equal quality. But if the paper +is to do its part in the general suffrage work, it must be through the +body of organized suffragists, and not single-handed. The movement is +growing too fast for the management, unaided by organization, to make +the obvious and necessary expansion. + + + + +=What Papers Live By= + + +[Illustration: The First Editor of the Woman's Journal Mary A. +Livermore] + +One of the well-known facts in the world of publishing newspapers and +periodicals is that neither magazines, newspapers nor periodicals of +any kind live by the subscription price. Most of them live chiefly by +advertisements. + +Why, then, does the Journal not carry more advertising? The answer is +that it will not take most of the advertisements it can get, and it +cannot get most of the advertisement sit wants. In the first place. +The Woman's Journal will not accept liquor or tobacco advertisements, +or any advertisements of patent medicines, swindling schemes, +or matters of a questionable character. Every year it declines a +considerable amount of business on this score. + +"But," the reader is sure to say, "what about the thousand and one +advertisements which are legitimate? There are hundreds and thousands +of advertisements of women's products for which the Journal ought to +be an excellent medium." In answer to this one might almost say that +the better the grade of advertising the harder it is to get. The +better grades of advertising require a much larger circulation than +we have and a better grade of paper on which to print their +advertisements; they naturally want their advertisements to be shown +in the most attractive manner. And there are hundreds of publications +just as good as ours which can give them the proper display. + +Another difficulty we have to combat is the fact that our paper is not +well known to men; it is not advertised anywhere, it is not displayed +anywhere; they rarely see any one reading it; they cannot get it on +the newsstands, and, in short, they cannot imagine who reads it. This +is hard to combat. + +Another reason given by those who refuse to advertise in the Woman's +Journal is that the advertiser or the advertising agent does not +believe in equal suffrage, or to use his own expression, he is "not a +suffragette." He is sure that no one would ever advertise in the paper +unless he believed in votes for women, and frankly, he does not want +his friends to be given a chance to tease him about "this suffragette +business." + +Since the Journal is a national paper, it ought, of course, to have +national advertising, but national advertisers require at least 50,000 +circulation, we are told. If the Journal's circulation were local, it +could get plenty, but local advertising, of course, does not properly +belong in a national paper, for all except the local circulation is a +waste for it. + +If the present circulation of the Journal were in one State or in one +section of the country, say in the West, the Middle West, or in New +York and New England, the paper could get more advertising than it +could carry. But its circulation is scattered over the whole country, +and while this spoils it for local advertising, its circulation is not +yet large enough to enable it to get much national advertising. + +To an advertising agent who has seen in a suffrage parade in New York, +Boston, Philadelphia, or Washington from 10,000 to 50,000 suffragists, +it is hard to explain why the national paper going to forty-eight +States, has less than 30,000 subscribers. He expects that the organ +of the movement has at least 75,000 subscribers. When he learns the +truth, it is impossible to talk with him further. + +In a nutshell, then, what the advertising department needs is that +great body of non-subscribing suffragists to enroll as readers. Think +of that 68,000 whose names and addresses we have! If we only had them +on our lists, if they stood back of us, advertisers would be glad to +consider us. + +What, then, can suffragists do for the advertising department? They +can do three things. + +(1) Increase the number of readers of the paper. + +(2) Read the advertisements we print and patronize every advertiser +possible, letting him know why they do so: and + +(3) Unite to bring pressure to bear on advertisers so they will +advertise with us. + +Imagine what would happen if twenty suffragists in each city in the +country were to call on the advertisers doing business there and urge +them to advertise in the Journal! They would simply put the Journal on +the advertiser's map! + + + + +=Prints and Reprints= + +[Illustration: William Lloyd Garrison A Life-long Friend of the +Journal] + +"Your editorial in this week's issue deserves a wider circulation. It +ought to go to thousands who are not yet with us. Can you reprint it +for more general distribution?" Such requests have led us from time +to time to reprint something which has appeared in the paper. If it is +reprinted soon after it is current in the paper, it can be furnished +at a cheaper rate than if the type had to be set for pamphlet or +leaflet use alone. There is usually a good demand for what we have +reprinted, particularly since we can advertise it in the Journal. + +The Journal has, accordingly, printed the following which appeared +first in its columns: + + + _A Bubble Pricked. + The Threefold Menace. + Open Letter To Clergymen. + Liquor Against Suffrage. + Suffrage and Temperance + The Stage and Woman Suffrage. + Votes and Athletics. + Ballots and Brooms. + Suffrage in Utah. + Suffrage and Mormonism. + My Mother and the Little Girl Next Door. + Massachusetts Laws. + Suffrage and Morals. + Worth of a Vote. + Jane Addams Testifies. + A Campaign of Slander._ + +In addition to these, the Journal printed in 1915 200,000 postal cards +on good stock with colored ink, especially calculated to win voters. +In preparing them, every type of man from the point of view of his +business or profession was considered. Their titles are as follows and +indicate their character: + + _If You Are A Working Man + Working Men--Help. + If You Are A Doctor. + If You Are A Farmer. + If You Are A Policeman. + If You Are An Educator. + If You Are A Postman. + If You Are A Business Man. + If You Are A Minister. + If You Are A Traveling Man. + If You Are A Fireman. + If You Are Interested In Political Questions. + A Statement By Judge Lindsey. + An Object Lesson. + Think On These Things. + The Meaning Of The Suffrage Map. + Arms Versus Armies. + Do Women Want To Vote?_ + +Suffrage literature divides into two kinds: that which must be +inexpensive and very easily read, for the voter; and that which is +designed for women who, like conservative college graduates and +many other women, will be surely impressed with a more weighty, +more obviously expensive-looking argument. We find that many want +good-looking, well-prepared, convincing literature to send to those +whom they are trying to convert. Practically all of the literature +which the Journal has printed belongs to the second class. + + + + +=The Graveyard= + +[Illustration: Wendell Phillips A Staunch Friend] + +Every live newspaper office has as part of its necessary equipment +What is familiarly known as "The Graveyard." Ours is a combination +of the Research and Information Departments. It contains pictures +of distinguished and leading suffragists in this country and abroad, +biographical sketches of them, quotations from them and other +suffragists, notable articles, criticisms, reviews and news of the +movement which may be useful at some later date, a large amount of +information and data and compilation of facts and figures, such as one +needs at his fingers' ends in an office which does the kind of work +that is being done in few places if anywhere else in the country. The +files in this department include also a large amount of statistics +and information regarding anti-suffrage activities, workers for the +opposition, methods, amount of money spent, sources of income, and an +index of the Journal from week to week. + +Who was the first woman doctor, what college first opened its doors +to women, what was the date of the first suffrage convention, how many +times was equal suffrage submitted in Oregon before it was granted, +what States in the Union have no form of suffrage for women whatever, +who are the most distinguished men advocates of woman suffrage today, +how many believers in equal suffrage are there in this country? These +are some examples of the myriad questions that come constantly to +the Journal for answer--usually at short notice and without a stamped +envelope for reply. + +Material for debates, speeches, articles for the press, chapters in +books, copy to be read into the minutes of the Congress of the United +States, refutation of anti-suffrage articles, answers to hundreds and +thousands of objections to equal suffrage, questions of how it works, +what women have achieved in science, art, literature,--to meet these +with the least waste of time and energy is the end and aim of "The +Graveyard." Practically all suffragists use it, but no one has ever +contributed a penny toward its support, and no organization has ever +made an appropriation to maintain it. It is simply another case of the +willing mother and the thoughtless daughter! + + + + +=Holding the Reins= + +[Illustration: Julia Ward Howe President of the Woman's Journal +Corporation for Many Years] + +In 1910 there was one woman worker besides the editor-in-chief in the +office of the Woman's Journal, and one woman who worked part time. +Mr. Henry B. Blackwell, who always gave his services to the paper, had +died in 1909. There were only four pages to the paper then, and the +total subscription list was 3,989. Bills were sent out only twice a +year, and hardly any work was being done to increase the subscription +list or any department of the paper. Office administration was then +a very simple matter--whereas now the Subscription Department alone +requires the full time of more than ten workers. + +The result is that office administration now is a very different +matter. It has become a question of holding the reins of twenty-four +young people, all of whom have special work to do, but all of +whom need almost constant direction. And while there are heads of +departments who oversee the work of clerks and stenographers up to +a point, almost daily conferences and supervisions are necessary in +order to have the work go on satisfactorily. This takes an immense +amount of time and energy and initiative and planning. It is a case +of driving twenty-four in hand. Some days it sends the driver home +thoroughly wearied. + +Besides the absorbing task of keeping the whole staff busy, there is +always the exhausting and important matter of mapping out the work, +laying plans for advance work, originating and initiating, and making +decisions that involve more or less risk. + +Then there is the actual personal labor of helping to get the paper +to press each week, choosing from a limited supply suitable +illustrations, writing some "copy," writing heads, making up, +dictating and signing hundreds of letters each week, seeing all +callers who need to be seen, and constantly directing and overseeing +to keep matters of a thousand and one details ship-shape and accurate. + + + +There is the question of office space, rent, subletting office room, +buying typewriters, stationery and other supplies to advantage. The +question of ventilation, health and sick leave of staff, obtaining +efficient and conscientious work and maintaining a wholesome esprit de +corps. + + + + +=Capturing the Imagination= + +[Illustration: Armenia White One of the First Stockholders] + +Capturing the imagination for equal suffrage or for the Woman's +Journal is another way of saying "getting so many inches or columns of +free advertising in the papers." Each week for some time we have been +watching the Journal's columns to see whether, by sending an advance +clipping from the week's paper, we could not get a certain amount of +free publicity in the daily paper. We have also experimented to some +extent to see if we could get publicity for the Journal aside from +what appears in its columns. The result has been that such stories as +the analysis of the source of income of the anti-suffragists has had +very wide publicity. It has even been published in country weeklies +and monthly magazines. In the majority of cases, the Journal has been +credited, and in this way much free advertising has been secured. + +At the time of the elections, we sent a copy of Mrs. Fredrikke +Palmer's drawing called "Waiting for the Returns" with a little sketch +of the artist to a number of first class dailies. A number of these +papers used it, giving full credit to the Woman's Journal. + +The Massachusetts Woman Suffrage Association has a showcase on the +sidewalk in front of its headquarters where it displays pictures, +clippings, novelties and anything that may capture the interest of the +passing pedestrian. We asked to have the Journal displayed there each +week and to have special articles clipped and attractively mounted. +This has been done with benefit to both the Association and the +Journal. The suggestion might well be adopted for every suffrage +headquarters. The cost is very slight and the people whose attention +one gets in this way are not those, as a rule, who attend suffrage +meetings or are easily reached. They are the great host of +"passers-by." + +A method of publicity for the Journal and the cause which has been +adopted successfully by many individuals is that of displaying a copy +of the Journal on the library table in one's home. In some cases the +front page drawings have been considered so good that requests have +been received to have extra copies struck off for use in showcases, +bulletin boards and booths. + +Other suffragists adopt other methods of making the paper known to the +public. Some make a point of earning a copy to read in the street car +or train whenever possible. Anyone who tries this will find many and +many a pair of eyes diverted to the picture or the appearance of a +publication with which the onlooker is not familiar. Ardent partisans +of the Journal always mention it in reports and speeches at meetings +and even in debates. They are usually persons who have been converted +to the principle of equal suffrage by a stray copy of the Journal sent +to them by ardent friend! + + + + +=A Word In Time= + +[Illustration: Margaret Foley] + +Miss Margaret Foley has been doing Field Work for the Woman's Journal +since the elections in November. She has been working as an experiment +to see if Journals cannot be sold successfully at all suffrage +meetings when from three to ten minutes are devoted to calling +attention to the paper from the platform. + +From the last thirteen meetings at which she sold papers and took +subscription orders she got $74.42. Many of the meetings were small +and at the larger number of them the attendance was made up mostly of +those who already subscribe for the paper. Miss Foley's work is proof +positive, if such were needed, that it pays to mention the Journal at +suffrage meetings and to have it on sale and to take subscriptions. +The results she has had can be duplicated at every suffrage meeting in +the United States where 100 or more are gathered together, and a word +spoken in time at suffrage meetings saves much of the more expensive +converting and canvassing to bring out the vote when election time +comes. One of the greatest wastes of the movement today is the failure +of those in charge of meetings to make provision for this part of +propaganda work. + +Miss Foley usually speaks toward the close of a meeting. The gist of +her remarks is something like this: + +"You have just heard about our cause and how wonderful it is to be +connected with it. I am sure you will want to know more about it. The +best way to get authentic information and news about Votes for Women +is to read the organ of the suffrage movement, The Woman's Journal and +Suffrage News, on sale in the corridor. The paper is only five cents a +copy and you can get a full year's subscription for $1.00. Do not fail +to get a copy from me before you go." + +The Woman's Journal has many field workers who do in connection with +the regular suffrage work what Miss Foley has been doing for the +Journal as an experiment. For the vitality of the movement every +locality which holds suffrage meetings should have a Journal field +worker for every occasion. A word in time saves an endless amount of +converting. + + + + +=Our Hope Chest= + +[Illustration: Thomas Wentworth Higginson For Many Years Contributing +Editor] + +Other causes, other propaganda papers, have their budgets, their +war chests, their exchequers, their ways and means committees, their +financial backers of wealth and prestige, but the Woman's Journal has +had only what we may perhaps call our "Hope Chest." It was constructed +purely out of the hope that, if the paper filled a need, if it was +found worthy of the movement it represents, its finances would in +some way take care of themselves. And it is a wonderful tribute to the +believers in the cause for equal suffrage that this plan has worked +for better or worse for more than forty years. + +As the financial responsibilities of the paper have grown during +the past six years, however, it has become apparent that we must not +merely publish the paper each year and hope to pay our bills but that +we must study the question of financing a growing paper with ever +growing needs of expansion and consequent growing financial risks. + +Accordingly, we decided that if we must "raise money" each year in +some way or other, we must go about it in a well thought out way and +not leave such an important matter to haphazard uncertainties. We +have, therefore, formed a small Finance Department and have studied +all of the ways of raising money that are known to us, trying of +course to make out which ones are particularly adapted to our needs. + +The result is that we have decided on the following course: + +(1) To issue this survey of the Journal's work, and ask suffragists to +consider the value of the paper purely on its merits and contribute to +it and support it if they believe in what it is doing. + +(2) To form a Central Finance Committee with a branch in each state in +the Union. + +(3) To ask able women and friendly organizations in various towns +and cities throughout the country to give a ball, banquet, bazaar, +festival or other benefit or entertainment with the express purpose of +sharing the proceeds with the Woman's Journal. + +Because of the vitality of the paper through the barren pioneer days, +through the days of ridicule and up into these times of great numbers, +splendid prestige and backing for the whole movement, we have faith +that our hopes are not in vain. + +[Illustration: Mrs. David Hunt A Generous Supporter of the Woman's +Journal] + +One proof of our faith is that we find working in the Woman's Journal +office year after year is in some ways like living in a fairy +story. We never know what is going to happen next. The day after +election--and defeat in New York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts and New +Jersey--a woman came to the Journal office bearing a check for $1,000 +in her hand and saying in substance, "Here is a small check to cheer +Miss Blackwell and the Journal in the face of yesterday's defeats at +the polls." She asked not to have her name used. Hers is an example +of the way suffragists feel toward the Woman's Journal. To them it +symbolizes the cause. + + FORM OF BEQUEST + + * * * * * + + _I hereby give and bequeath to the Proprietors of + The Woman's Journal, + published in Boston, a corporation established under the laws of +Massachusetts, + the sum of ---- dollars._ + * * * * * + + + + +=Early Stockholders of the Woman's Journal= + + + NATHANIEL WHITE _Concord, N.H._ + MRS. ARMENIA WHITE _Concord, N.H._ + MRS. HARRIET M. PITMAN _Somereville, Mass._ + JULIA WARD HOWE _Boston, Mass._ + SAMUEL E. SEWALL _Melrose, Mass._ + E.D. DRAPER _Boston, Mass._ + MRS. ANNA C. LODGE _Boston, Mass._ + MRS. ELIZABETH B. CHACE _Valley Falls, R.I._ + MRS. LILLIE B. CHACE _Valley Falls, R.I._ + T.W. HIGGINSON _Newport, R.I._ + SARAH W. GRIMKE _Hyde Park, Mass._ + MRS. ANGELINA G. WELD _Hyde Park, Mass._ + MRS. SUSIE CRANE VOGL _Hyde Park, Mass._ + MRS. MARY HEMINWAY _Boston, Mass._ + WILLIAM B. STONE _W. Brookfield, Mass._ + REBECCA BOWKER _No address._ + JOHN GAGE _Vineland, N.J._ + MRS. PORTIA GAGE _Vineland, N.J._ + ALFRED H. BATCHELOUR _Boston, Mass._ + CHARLOTTE A. JOY _Mendon, Mass._ + SAMUEL MAY _Boston, Mass._ + ALFRED WYMAN _Worcester, Mass._ + CHARLES DWIGHT _Boston, Mass._ + ISAAC AMES _Hacerhill, Mass._ + HENRY MAYO _Boston, Mass._ + AUGUSTA DAGGETT _Boston, Mass._ + GEORGE B. LORINE _Salem, Mass._ + CHARLES RICHARDSON _Address unknown._ + A.P. WARD _Worcester, Mass._ + STEPHEN S. FOSTER _Worcester, Mass._ + A.S. HASKELL _Chelsea, Mass._ + SARAH G. WILKINSON _Salem, Mass._ + LUCY STONE _Boston, Mass._ + CHARLES W. SLACK _Boston, Mass._ + A.A. BURRAGE _Boston, Mass._ + JOHN WHITEHEAD _Newark, N.J._ + OTIS CLAPP _Boston, Mass._ + T.L. NELSON _Worcester, Mass._ + PHILIP C. WHEELER _Boston, Mass._ + HENRY CHAPIN _Worcester, Mass._ + E.S. CONVERSE _Boston, Mass._ + MRS. CARRIE P. LACOSTE _Maiden, Mass._ + LUCIUS W. POND _Worcester, Mass._ + GEORGE W. KEENE _Lynn, Mass._ + EDWARD EARLE _Worcester, Mass._ + SARAH SHAW RUSSELL _Boston, Mass._ + ROWLAND CONNOR _Boston, Mass._ + E.D. WINSLOW _Boston, Mass. + H.B. BLACKWELL _Newark, N.J._ + CAROLINE M. SEVERANCE _West Newton, Mass._ + MRS. MARY MAY _Boston, Mass._ + F.W.G. MAY _Dorcestoer, Mass._ + HARRISON BLISS _Worcester, Mass._ + JOHN W. HUTCHINSON _Lynn, Mass._ + J.J. BELVILLE _Dayton, Ohio._ + WILLIAM CLATLIN _Boston, Mass._ + MERCY B. JACKSON _Boston, Mass._ + WARREN McFRALAND _Worcester, Mass._ + SARAH G. WELD _Hyde Park, Mass._ + LOUISA SEWALL CABOT _Brookline, Mass._ + + + + + +=Stockholders of the Woman's Journal, 1916 Individuals= + + JANE ADDAMS + MARY WARE ALLEN + HELEN H. BENNETT + EMMA L. BLACKWELL + ALICE STONE BLACKWELL + HOWARD L. BLACKWELL + VIRGINIA BRANNER + EMILY E. DALAND + M.A. EVANS + H.E. FLANSBURG + SUSANNA PHELPS GAGE + FRANCIS J. GARRISON + JENNY C. LAW HARDY + HARRIET O. HAWKINS + MARY E. HILTON + MARY JOHNSTON + MARTHA S. KIMBALL + FLORENCE HOPE LUSCOMB + MARY McWILLIAMS MARSH + FLORENCE E.M. MASKREY + CATHERINE M. McGINLEY + MAUD WOOD PARK + ANNETTE W. PARMELEE + AGNES E. RYAN + MARTHA SCHOFIELD + PAULINE A. SHAW + JUDITH W. SMITH + HELEN D. STEARNS + HENRY BAILEY STEVENS + GRACE L. TAYLOR + JOHN FOGG TWOMBLY + MABEL CALDWELL WILLARD + + + + + =Estates of= + MRS. SUSAN LOOK AVERY + J.J. BELVILLE + HARRISON BLISS + MRS. REBECCA BOWKER + A.A. BURRAGE + LOUISE SEWALL CABOT + WILLIAM CLAFLIN + JOHN GAGE + MRS. PORTIA GAGE + JOHN W. HUTCHINSON + MERCY B. JACKSON + MRS. CARRIE P. LACOSTE + GEORGE B. LORINO + HENRY MAYO + CHARLES RICHARDSON + A.P. WARE + CLARA E. CLEMENT WATERS + ANGELINA GRIMKE WELD + JOHN WHITEHEAD + MISS C.I. WILBY + SARAH G. WILKINSON + E.D. WINSLOW + + + + +=National, State and League Associations= + + NATIONAL AMERICAN WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + ALABAMA EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + BOSTON EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION FOR GOOD GOVERNMENT. + CAMBRIDGE POLITICAL EQUALITY ASSOCIATION. + CONNECTICUT WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + ILLINOIS EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + IOWA EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + KENTUCKY EQUAL RIGHTS ASSOCIATION. + LOUISIANA STATE SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION + MAINE WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + MASSACHUSETTS WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + MICHIGAN EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + MINNESOTA WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + MISSOURI EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + NEBRASKA WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + NEVADA EQUAL FRANCHISE SOCIETY. + NEW HAMPSHIRE EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + NEW JERSEY WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + NEWPORT COUNTY, R.I. WOMAN SUFFRAGE LEAGUE. + NEW YORK STATE WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + PENNSYLVANIA WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + ROCK COUNTY, WIS., WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + WEST VIRGINIA EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + WISCONSIN WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + + + + +=The Journal Goes to 39 Foreign Countries= + + Canal Zone Italy + Cuba Japan + Hawaii Java + Philippines Korea + Canada New Zealand + Australia Norway + Austria Persia + Bermuda Poland + Bohemia Roumania + China Russia + Denmark Scotland + England Asia + Finland South Africa + France South America + Germany Sweden + Holland Switzerland + Hungary Wales + Iceland Dutch East Indies + India West Indies + Ireland + + +[Illustration: The Anti and the Snowball--Then and Now] + + + + +=The Corporation= + + +The Corporation + +The Woman's journal is a corporation formed under the laws of +Massachusetts. Its stockholders are interested in furthering the cause +of equal suffrage through a paper owned and managed by suffragists. +Its directors, its editor-in-chief, and its deputy treasurer receive +no salary; its stockholders receive no dividends. Those who purchase +stock do so for the sake of building up the paper to meet the needs of +the movement. + +Its Purpose + +Its purpose is contained in the following description which appeared +on the original title page: "A weekly newspaper devoted to the +interests of woman--to her educational, industrial, legal, and +political equality, and especially to her right of suffrage." + +Annual Meeting + +The annual meeting of the corporation is held on the second Monday in +January to elect officers and transact such other business as may +come before the meeting. The officers are a board of five directors, a +president, a treasurer, and a clerk. The officers for 1916, elected at +the last annual meeting are as follows: + +President, Alice Stone Blackwell; Deputy Treasurer, Howard L. +Blackwell; Clerk, Catherine Wilde; Directors, Maud Wood Park. Emma +Lawrence Blackwell, Grace A. Johnson, Alice Stone Blackwell and Agnes +E. Ryan. + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Torch Bearer, by Agnes E. Ryan + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 12071 *** diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..54053e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #12071 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/12071) diff --git a/old/12071.txt b/old/12071.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..51c7b34 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/12071.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2186 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Torch Bearer, by Agnes E. Ryan + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Torch Bearer + A Look Forward and Back at the Woman's Journal, the Organ of the + Woman's Movement + + +Author: Agnes E. Ryan + +Release Date: April 17, 2004 [EBook #12071] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE TORCH BEARER *** + + + + +Produced by Bill Hershey and PG Distributed Proofreaders + + + + + + +[Illustration: Women's Suffrage.] + + + + +=Woman's Journal and Suffrage News= + + +A weekly paper devoted to the interests of woman, to her educational, +industrial, legal and political equality, and especially to her right +of suffrage. + + +Founded in 1870 by Lucy Stone and Henry B. Blackwell + + _Editor-in-Chief_ + Alice Stone Blackwell + + + _Contributing Editors_ + + Mary Johnston Stephen S. Wise + Josephine P. Peabody Zona Gale + Florence Kelley Witter Bynner + Ben B. Lindsey Caroline Bartlett Crane + Ellis Meredith Mabel Craft Deering + Eliza Calvert Hall Reginald Wright Kauffman + + _Artists_ + + Mayme B. Harwood Fredrikke Palmer + Mrs. Oakes Ames + + _Deputy Treasurer _Assistant Editor_ + + Howard L. Blackwell Henry Bailey Stevens + + _Circulation Manager_ _Advertising Manager_ + + Marie Spink Joe B. Hosmer + + _Finance_ _Managing Editor_ + + Mildred Hadden Agnes E. Ryan + + + + +=THE TORCH BEARER= + + A Look Forward and Back at the + Woman's Journal, the Organ of + the Woman's Movement + +By Agnes E. Ryan + + + + +=Contents= + + +The Torch Bearer + +In the Balance + +Taken Into Our Confidence + +Some Changes + +It Speaks for Itself (Editorial Department) + +Suffrage Volunteer News Service + +The Connecting Link (Circulation Department) + +What Papers Live By (Advertising Department) + +Prints and Reprints (Literature Department) + +The Graveyard (Research and Information Departments) + +Holding the Reins (Administration Department) + +Capturing the Imagination (Press and Publicity Dept.) + +A Word in Time (Field Workers' Department) + +The Hope Chest (Finance Department) + +Early Stockholders + +Present Stockholders + +The Journal Goes to 39 Foreign Countries + +The Corporation + + + + +=List of Illustrations= + + Lucy Stone, Henry B. Blackwell + Alice Stone Blackwell + Charts: + Increase in Cost of Publishing + Increase in Circulation + Propaganda Work + The Woman's Journal Staff: + Circulation Department + The General Staff + The Directors: + Alice Stone Blackwell, Emma L. Blackwell, Maud + Wood Park, Grace A. Johnson, Agnes E. Ryan + The Woman's Journal artists: + Fredrikke S. Palmer + Mrs. Oakes Ames + The Woman's Journal Printers: + E.L. Grimes, M.J. Grimes, William Grimes + Mary A. Livermore + William Lloyd Garrison + Wendell Phillips + Julia Ward Howe + Armenia White + Margaret Foley + Thomas Wentworth Higginson + Mrs. David Hunt + The Anti and the Snowball + + + + Justice, simple justice is + what the world needs. + --Lucy Stone + +[Illustration: Lucy Stone.] + +[Illustration: Henry B Blackwell.] + +=Founders of the Woman's Journal= + + + + +=The Torch Bearer= + +So wonderful are the days in which we are living and so rapidly is +the canvas being crowded with the record of achievement in the woman's +movement that it is time for readers of the Woman's Journal and for +all suffragists to know somewhat intimately and as never before what +goes on in the four little rooms in Boston where the organ of the +suffrage movement is prepared for its readers each week. + +Before telling what has been done and what is planned and hoped, it +will perhaps be well to give a little picture of the paper which to +many has been the "Suffrage Bible" since it was started over forty-six +years ago by Lucy Stone, Henry B. Blackwell and the little band of +woman's rights pioneers who saw, almost at the dawn of the movement, +the need of an organ. + +Before the charter for the Woman's Journal was granted in 1870, +$10,000 had to be paid into its treasury. This was at a time when +there were few millionaires in the world, and $10,000 then must have +looked like as many millions today. + +How ardent, then, must have been the few, how eloquent the +presentation, to have raised $10,000 with which to start a paper for +the sole purpose of advocating equal rights for women! But they were +ardent and eloquent, and from the road to martyrdom they have come to +us through history as great men and women of their time. The pages of +the Woman's Journal are brilliant with their sayings, and the reports +of the early stockholders' meetings echo the voices of that pioneer +band led by Wendell Phillips, William Lloyd Garrison, Lucy Stone and +Julia Ward Howe. + +Never for a single week since 1870 have the women of the country been +without a mouthpiece to voice their needs and wrongs. This has +been due chiefly to the fact that the Stone-Blackwell family has +continuously given not only of its services in editing and managing +the paper, but also has made generous contributions for years to +enable the paper to continue. + +So much in brief for the forty years from 1870 to 1910. From July 1, +1910, to September 30, 1912, the financial support of the paper was +assumed by the National American Woman Suffrage Association. After +that it fell to the manager of the paper either to get contributions +to meet the deficit each year or to borrow. On October 1, 1912, Miss +Blackwell contributed $2,000; on January 31, 1914, she again gave the +paper $2,000. + +With the exception of these $4,000, I have raised or borrowed each +year the necessary money, over and above receipts, to keep the paper +going. With the beginning of 1915 Miss Blackwell began to feel that +she could not continue indefinitely to make up a deficit, and she +began seriously to consider cutting the size of the paper to four +pages or making it a monthly. + +The 1915 campaigns particularly needed all the aid that the Journal +could give, and feeling keenly that the proposed changes would greatly +reduce its power of usefulness, the following points were made by Mr. +Stevens and myself in further consideration of the matter with Miss +Blackwell and a few warm friends of the Journal: + +With the single exception of the _Irish Citizen_, the Woman's Journal +is the only suffrage paper in existence which has no organization back +of it. _Jus Suffragii_ has the International Woman Suffrage Alliance. +_The Woman Voter_ has the New York Woman Suffrage Party. _Votes for +Women_ in England has the United Suffragists. _The Suffragette_ had +the Woman's Social and Political Union of England. _The Suffragist_ +has the Congressional Union. _The Headquarters News Letter_ has the +National Suffrage Association. + +Now, while the Journal has had no organization with large membership +and resources to make it a power, it has shown great vitality as +witnessed by the fact that it is the oldest surviving suffrage +periodical in the world. Furthermore, it has shown such remarkable +growth during the past few years, with no capital put up to promote +it and build it up as other businesses are built up, that it seemed +apparent that all it needed to make it strong and self-supporting was +a reasonable amount of capital, a reasonable amount of time and the +wholehearted co-operation of suffragists in general which has been +growing in an encouraging degree. It seemed a time for faith and not +for fear. + +It was accordingly decided to retain the eight-page size, to continue +the paper as a weekly and to borrow the money necessary to meet the +deficit, believing that the great body of readers of the Journal +would approve and sustain this decision when it was brought to their +knowledge. They would feel that a backward step should be impossible. + +At the present time and covering the indebtedness of the Journal from +October, 1912, to January, 1916, the figures are as follows: + + Borrowed in 1915....................... $10,500 + + Owed E.L. Grimes Company for printing, + paper stock, mailing, approximately .. 9,000 + ________ + $19,500 + +The assets of the Journal at the time of the last stockholders' +meeting (January 28) included the following: + + Subscriptions in arrears .................$4,968 + Sales accounts ........................... 45 + Advertising accounts ..................... 460 + Legacy of Miss Caroline F. Hollis......... 3,000 + Legacy of Mrs. Mary E.C. Orne............. 4,000 + Legacy of Mrs. Hollingsworth ............. 1,000 + ______ + $13,473 + +The amount to be raised, therefore, to meet the indebtedness of the +three years and three months from October 1, 1912, to January 1, 1916, +is $6,027. + +From these figures it will be seen that we have to count upon +collecting nearly $5,000 in subscriptions in arrears, upon legacies to +be paid within the year, to meet the expenses of furnishing a paper to +the cause, and that even then we must have over $5,000 additional to +be out of debt for 1915. + + [Illustration: + Alice Stone Blackwell + Editor of the Woman's Journal] + +While the Journal has always had a few gifts each year and an +occasional legacy, both gifts and legacies have, in their very +nature, been uncertain quantities and not to be relied upon. It has, +therefore, followed that from 1870 to 1910, as well as in the +period above referred to (1912 to 1915), for forty-three years, +the Stone-Blackwell family has borne the brunt of the burden of the +support of the paper on which the whole suffrage movement has depended +so completely for nearly half a century. As Mrs. Chapman Catt says, +"The Woman's Journal has always been the organ of the suffrage +movement, and no suffragist, private or official, can be well informed +unless she is a constant reader of it. It is impossible to imagine +the suffrage movement without the Woman's Journal." That is the way +suffragists feel about the paper from the Atlantic to the Pacific and +abroad,--and yet there is no organized, systematic effort made for its +support and maintenance. + +There is, moreover, no suffragist but will say at once that this +paper, which is for the advancement of all women, should be supported +by all suffragists in an organized way rather than by a few--out of +their own pockets. I am working to bring this to pass. I believe one +of the results that will follow the heavy expenditures made by the +Journal in 1915 will be organized support of the paper. + +Since the Woman's Journal is the organ of the movement, since it gives +the news of the movement, voices the wrongs of women, and furnishes +data as well as inspiration with which to work, it is important that +it reach the largest number of women possible each week with its +message, and so far as is possible for a paper, convert them into +efficient, consecrated workers, possessed with the ideal of equality +and justice for women. It is, therefore, obvious that, however good +the editorial output, it counts for comparatively little if it goes to +only a small number of people. + +From 1870 to 1907, there is no record of the number of subscribers to +the paper, for the price of the paper was changed from $3 to $2.50 to +$1.50. The price is now $1 per year. The last change was made in 1910 +because it was becoming clear that a lower price would mean a larger +circulation, while a higher price made it prohibitive to many. +Furthermore, the lower price was in harmony with the growing tendency +to remove the membership fee in suffrage organizations because it had +proved a handicap in having a large backing of women for the cause. +So many women of humble means, or no independent means, wanted to take +the paper and could not! + +Bearing in mind, then, that the aim of the Journal, both from a +propaganda and business viewpoint, is to reach large numbers, that is, +to have a large circulation, I have had two charts drawn which will +show that, although the cost of publishing is heavy, the cost +of production is not advancing as rapidly as is the increase in +circulation. In other words, the circulation of the paper has +multiplied over eleven times in the last eight years, while the cost +of publishing for the same period has multiplied less than eight +times. The following charts show this graphically. + +Compare the two long vertical lines. The longer one shows the increase +in the number of readers. The shorter one shows the increase in the +cost of publishing the paper. + + [Illustration: + Increase in Circulation + Increase in Cost of Publishing] + +As a propaganda paper, the Woman's Journal has, of course, always sent +out many papers per year purely for educational purposes. Hundreds of +papers have gone each year since 1870 through 1915 to campaign +states, to legislators, to libraries, to newspapers, to ministers and +teachers, in the attempt to make converts, and every suffragist having +any perspective of the movement knows that such propaganda work by the +Woman's Journal is to a great extent what has advanced the movement to +its present status. In other words, the Journal has from year to year +carried the torch on,--but it has always been at the sacrifice of a +large sum to be raised, over and above the receipts, either from the +Stone-Blackwell family or from a few friends of the movement. + +The year 1915, with the advance of the movement in general, and in +the four big campaign states in particular, has been exceptional as a +propaganda year for the Journal. When a call came for Journals or for +information which the Journal workers could give, whether from New +York, Massachusetts, New Jersey, or Pennsylvania, the call has been +answered promptly; we have not said,--when the amendments were to be +voted on at a definite time,--"You must wait until we have raised the +money to pay for what you ask." We are proceeding in the same way with +the campaign states of 1916. What else can we do when the need is so +great? + +The following illustration shows the extent of our propaganda work, +measured in papers, for 1915. It does not show what has been done in +the way of furnishing information and argument, refutation and data, +material and articles for the press or for special articles, debates, +and speeches. + +This chart shows the free propaganda use of the Journal as compared +with the paid circulation. The black lines show the paid circulation +of the Journal per month, that is, the number of papers paid for by +the subscriber or by the single copy. The gray extension of the lines +shows the number of papers furnished by the Journal, for which the +recipient did not pay. The reader can here see at a glance what a +large part of our work does not bring any financial returns. + +[Illustration: The Journal as Propaganda] + +If a diagram could be shown of the number of letters we have answered +during the year, the amount of time it has taken, and the number of +writers who do not even send a postage stamp to carry information +back to them, and the consequent deficit the paper incurs in this +way alone, the result would shock the average suffragist into a new +attitude toward the paper, which she has called upon as freely and +thoughtlessly as a girl in her teens calls upon the time and resources +of the mother who has always stood near and ready to meet her every +need "without money and without price." + +At this point, I want again to call attention to the fact that the +Woman's Journal is, with one exception, the only suffrage paper in +existence which does not have some organization back of it which helps +to meet its financial responsibilities. Although it has always been +the organ of the movement, it has stood alone for the most part, +depending on the devotion of a few to make up any sum that might be +needed to meet the lack of organized suffragists to support it as part +of their suffrage work. + +It is, of course, easy to see how this has come about. In the +beginning the number of suffragists was so small that there was little +organization. The movement was carried on by a few and a few supported +the paper. Times have changed, however, and all of the other branches +of suffrage work are being carried on by organizations with the body +of believers meeting the expense of running the work. + +There has, however, always been this difference between the expense +of maintaining the Journal and supporting the work of the suffrage +organization: The Journal has been published every week for over +forty-six years; it has never missed an issue, and its expenses have +gone on. In other words, it has always been in campaign, while for +the most part during those forty-six years the organizations have +had comparatively little expense, they have not usually maintained a +headquarters, have had few or no meetings, and have had few and short +campaigns. Now, because the Journal has survived the times of +no organizations, the times of few and weak organizations, it is +thoughtlessly expected to go on as it has since 1870, paying its bills +as best it might. In the meantime, its work has increased so that +it is large enough to be unwieldy without being self-supporting. +(Self-support cannot come until its paid circulation is about 50,000.) + +We are, therefore, face to face with the fact that, while all +suffragists are agreed as to the merits of the paper and the need it +fills, very few have considered its problems, few have helped to carry +its burdens, and no organization today makes itself responsible for +any of the paper's expenses. + +With the advancing movement's heavy demands on the paper, however, the +time for a change has come. The paper's support in the future ought +to be borne by the body of organized suffragists rather than by the +devotion and sacrifice of the few. Lucy Stone and Henry B. Blackwell +died in harness. Alice Stone Blackwell, their daughter, is no longer +young, and ought not to suffer from overwork and worry in connection +with the struggle to keep the paper going. + +So much for the past. What shall be the story of the future? The paper +has been almost inevitably in debt. Its present bills and loans must +be met. It will doubtless be possible to raise money to meet them +from individuals as in the past, although that is an uphill and rather +thankless task. But it does seem as if those who labor early and late +in the office, often single-handed, ought not to have to go out to +raise money to meet a deficit they were obliged to incur purely in +order to serve the woman's movement. + +What is the solution? I want to propose a definite, practical, +constructive solution,--one that will not only lift the paper to +self-support almost at once, but will strengthen the whole movement +in the very things that Mrs. Chapman Catt and all others know is most +needed,--education and organization of women. What I want to propose +is that as suffragists we show what our present power is; that we show +the strength of our present organization; that as leaders and workers, +organizers and speakers, we get behind our paper and push it with all +our might; that, so far as is humanly possible, we enroll as regular +readers every member of our respective organizations; that we give our +paper a backing as much to be reckoned with as the so-called women's +publications that are so conspicuous on the news-stands. It can be +done. We have the power. + +Doing it is bound to mean more education and more organization. For +the Journal fills its readers with zeal for the cause; it makes +them want to work for it; and it makes them well informed, efficient +workers. By taking this one step we have the power to put the entire +movement on a new footing! + +But how is the paper to be put into the hands of all suffragists? They +are many and to send them a well-edited, well-printed paper will be +expensive. How are bills and loans already incurred to be met? By +gifts and legacies from individuals as in the past--in the uphill, +undignified way? Or by getting all readers of the Journal, all +believers in it as an educator, to join themselves into a mighty army +to enroll as subscribers for the Journal every possible member of a +suffrage organization? + +Until the second way shall be in operation long enough--say, two +years--to have a chance to work out successfully, there is absolutely +no question but that the needs of the situation must be met in +the first way. But must it be done by begging--in humiliation +undeserved--or will those who are able consider it a privilege, an +opportunity, to take the burden from the backs that are bent and sore +from carrying it? + + * * * * * +In the Balance + + If this were the crucial moment in a campaign and you + saw that votes for a suffrage amendment were in the + balance, you would give of the best that you have, + with all the fervency of your heart. But campaigns are + not won in a day. They are won only by constant and + untiring advance work. The Woman's Journal does a + big share of this advance work. The Journal is always + in campaign. The Journal needs your help now and it + needs it given as freely as if a critical Election Day were + only six weeks off. The campaigns of this year and the + next few years are in the balance now. A privilege, + an opportunity for furthering a great world movement, + waits on those who are able. + + * * * * * + + + + +=Taken Into Our Confidence= + + +In the following pages our readers and the great body of suffragists +are taken quite generally into our confidence. If they see any +skeletons in the closets, we shall ask them to remember that we did +not want the skeletons there. + +All persons who have ever tried to raise money for a worthy cause, all +suffragists who have given balls and bazaars, all who have labored +to make an audience pledge its last dollar for suffrage, all who have +ever tried to run an impecunious newspaper, all who have ever tried +to finance any kind of a movement for the betterment of mankind, will +know that the figures given here are written in blood and should be +read only by those of an understanding and sympathetic heart. + +1908--1915 + + Cost Circulation + + 1909.................. $5,303 2,328 + + 1910.................. 10,020 3,989 + + 1911.................. 18,510 15,275 + + 1912.................. 24,499 19,309 + + 1913.................. 24,588 20,309 + + 1914.................. 27,509 21,303 + + 1915.................. 38,137 27,634 + + + + +[Illustration: THE CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT Left to Right-First row +Haxel McCormik, Franklin Grammar School Marie Spink, Western Reverse +University, Ethel Costello, Cambridge Commercial College, Second row: +Helen Hegarthy, Charlestown High, Eleanor Falvey, South Boston High, +Edith Mosher, Comer's Commercial College, Agnes McCarthy, South Boston +High, Mary Collins, St. Joseph's Academy Third row: Isabel McCormick, +Boston University; Donna Cox, Belmont High, Ethel Johnson, Fisher +Business College, Lucia Gilbert, Berlin High.] + +[Illustration: THE GENERAL STAFF + +Left to Right--First row Vina Smith, Wellesley College, Agnes E. Ryan, +Boston University, Elizabeth Costello, Comer's Commercial College, +Howard L. Blackwell, Harvard University. Second row Carlisle Morris, +Harvard University, Mildred Hadden, Western Reserve University, Henry +Bailey Stevens, Dartmouth College, Ethel Power. Third row Joe B. +Hosmer, University of Missouri, Mary Gallagher, Bryant and Stratton +Commercial School, Thomas Kennedy, Mary Healey, Fisher Business +College, Thomas McGrath, Lawrence Grammar School.] + + + +=Some Changes= + + +To the friends of the Woman's Journal who used to visit its office +on Beacon Street, and remember the tiny room with its staff of two or +three workers, the pictures of the office staff on the accompanying +pages will come as a surprise. This is the 1916 staff, however, and +the movement has grown most encouragingly in every branch since the +quiet days on Beacon Street. + +Every phase of the Journal work, from handling a subscription list of +about 30,000 to answering a thousand and one questions of debaters, +press chairmen and speakers, has grown to such proportions that it +has been necessary to divide the work into ten variously developed +departments, which will be described in the following pages. + + + + +=It Speaks for Itself= + + +The Editorial Department in the main speaks for itself and does not +need a special report. It has its seamy side, however, and little as +people want to believe it, it is not merely the literary branch of the +work. On the contrary, the editorial work of the Woman's Journal is, +figuratively speaking, divided into sevenths. It is one part literary +or journalistic, two parts business, and four parts propaganda. + +There is, of course, a great deal of pleasure in editorial work for +the mere fun of it, for the variety and fascination it affords, for +the mere delight in expressing thought in writing and in choosing +pictures to carry the weekly message. But when a publication has to +be put to press on the same day every week, when one feels almost +instinctively that each issue must be better than the one before, and +when each week of the world every worker in the department carries a +double or triple load, some of the pleasure of writing and editing and +planning is worn away. + +The material for the contents of the paper is gathered each week +from a variety of sources: From letters, personal interviews, press +chairmen of league and associations in the different states, +from bulletins, newspapers, periodicals, reports of meetings and +conventions, and from clipping bureaus. All material has, of course, +to be sorted and worked over for the various departments. It divides +chiefly into matter for editorials, for propaganda articles, for the +news columns, and for the activities reported under the headings of +the various states. + +The editorial page of the Journal carries about 2,200 words each week. +This page goes to about 30,000 homes, libraries and clubs, and is read +by approximately 100,000 persons. Issued fifty-two times a year, +it means that Miss Blackwell makes about five million two hundred +thousand "drives" per year with her editorials alone to educate the +public on equal suffrage. + +The news of the whole movement gleaned from the various sources +including some two hundred papers and periodicals each week, must be +so combined and boiled down as to occupy the smallest space; and it +must be interpreted, investigated and its relation to the general +current of events brought out so that the propaganda value of the +week's news is unmistakable. + +Besides the editorials and the regular news of the movement, we use +occasional contributed articles, poems and stories. During 1915 for +the first time investigations of various sorts and analyses of news, +reports and various kinds of data were made to furnish a telling and +convincing array of facts, figures, data and information particularly +fitted for suffrage workers. Such material has been found especially +valuable for use with those who were wavering as to the merits of the +cause. + +Many people would find it hard to believe, but it is true nevertheless +that a paper needs to consider itself something of a business matter. +This is particularly true of propaganda papers in spite of all that +has been said to the contrary. In the case of the Journal, we need +to plan to produce an article that cannot be excelled; we need to +manufacture a product so useful, so valuable, so indispensable, that +there must be a market for it. + +It must be so run that the largest possible number of people will +be satisfied with its policy, and this is no easy matter if one has +convictions and wants to run the paper according to high ideals and +with certain principles dominant. Many people want personal notices +and trivial articles in the paper; some wish long manuscripts +published; others think their league meetings should be more fully +reported. The paper must, therefore, be so edited and the letters of +the department must be so written as to make every one feel that +the Journal is fair to all and that whatever it does is done with no +personal animosities, with no biases, and purely for the welfare of +the cause and in accordance with the best ideals we have been able to +work out. One of our tasks is to make all realize that in editing the +organ of the movement a great responsibility must be met and that mean +or small things cannot influence us. + +All daily papers, all periodicals and magazines that live and become +powerful relate their editorial policy very closely to their business +plans. And whether the end and aim of a publication is to make money +or to make converts to some cause or idea, the editorial policy cannot +be planned independent of the circulation of the paper without running +the risk of defeating its purpose. + + +[Illustration: THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS Left to Right--Lower row Emma L. +Blackwell, Alice Stone Blackwell, Grace A. Johnson +Upper row Maud Wood Park, Agnes E. Ryan] + + + +In this connection a suffragist can scarcely help coveting for her +paper the circulation which the various women's magazines of fashion +have attained. The thought leads almost inevitably to the question, +How did they get their large circulation? + +Now whenever there is large use made of any article under the sun, the +reasons for its extensive use simmer down to three; First, the article +must be something that practically everybody needs; Second, the +marketers of the article must spend a lot of money in advertising +the article and making the public think it wants it; or, Third, the +article must carry with it some great interest and attraction that +makes people want it. + +The first kind of article is usually one of the necessities of life. +The second is in a greater or less degree usually one of the comforts +of life. The third kind is neither a matter of physical necessity +nor of physical comfort; it is usually something that feeds the mind, +diverts the mind, or kindles the emotions. Obviously the manufacturer +of the third kind of article must mind his P's and Q's or he will not +sell his product at all. + +Newspapers, periodicals, and magazines, of course, come under the +third class. Now while a good daily paper and a good weekly review +of events have become almost necessities for the mass of mankind, a +propaganda paper is neither a necessity nor a physical comfort, and +for its circulation it must depend to a great extent for financial +support on making itself so interesting and attractive that a larger +number of people than the already converted, the reformers, will want +it. + +How then shall a propaganda paper make itself so interesting and +attractive that those outside its fold will want it and want it badly +enough to pay for it and read it--when there are so many attractive +and interesting publications to read in busy days? + +The problem solves itself if the paper records news of vitality, +of heroism, of martyrdom, of stinging injustice in connection with +everyday life,--if the doings within the movement are vital and +challenging and kindle the imagination. + + +[Illustration: Mrs. Fredrikke S. Palmer, Staff Artist] + + One of the biggest "strikes" + in the recent history of the + Woman's Journal has been the + addition of Mrs. Palmer to the + staff. Her drawings, contributed + gratis, have attracted + country-wide attention, because + of their artistic quality. Mrs. + Palmer studied art in Christiania, + Norway, and is the wife + of Prof. A.H. Palmer, of Yale + University. + +[Illustration: Mrs. Oakes Ames, Staff Artist] + + One of Mrs. Ames's cartoons + brought down the disapprobation + of Ex-President Taft but + the approbation of a great many + suffragists. Mrs. Ames is treasurer + of the Massachusetts + Woman Suffrage Association + and wife of the director of the + Botanic Garden of Harvard University. + +But women's lives are full of just such vitally interesting matters. +There are such glaring cases of inequality before the law, such abuses +and atrocities in women's working world today, such humiliation and +insinuation in the personal life of womankind, simply because of sex, +that, were the half of it told, the suffrage movement would take on +such proportions as even the leaders do not dream of. + +Because an experience is common in the life of womankind, because an +abuse is as old as the hills, it is no less vital, no less thrilling, +no less in need of righting. And because some men are opposed, +secretly or openly, to its righting is no reason why we should be +silent. Before the women of this country are fully enfranchised, a +hard fight, an almost life and death struggle for liberty, must be +fought, and it will be a shorter fight the hotter it is. And the heat +of the battle and the shortness of the struggle will depend almost +entirely on our courage in presenting vividly and with power woman's +case to women themselves. + + +=Members of the Firm of E.L. Grimes Co.= + +Printers of The Woman's Journal + +[Illustration: M.J. Grimes] + +[Illustration: E.L. Grimes] + +[Illustration: W.P. Grimes] + + + + +=Our Volunteer Suffrage News Service= + +Instead of a staff of paid correspondents and a special news service, +the Woman's Journal has a large unnumbered staff of volunteers and +its news service which extends all over the civilized world also is +voluntary. + +The editorial output is, therefore, greatly enhanced each week by the +careful vigilance of its many volunteer workers. In this service all +readers are invited to join by mailing to the Journal clippings, news, +articles, items, poems, pictures, jokes, examples of discriminations +against women, examples of women's achievements, and ideas of all +kinds. + + + + +=The Connecting Link= + +When I think of the Circulation Department of the Woman's Journal, +I feel as I think Angela Morgan must have felt when she wrote the +following lines for the beginning of her great poem, "Today:" + + "To be alive in such an age! + With every year a lightning page + Turned in the world's great wonder book + Whereon the leaning nations look.... + When miracles are everywhere + And every inch of common air + Throbs a tremendous prophecy + Of greater marvels yet to be. + O thrilling age!" + +The Woman's Journal is the connecting link between the individual +suffragist and the movement itself, and a certain thrill and delight +and marvel get hold of me when I realize how wonderful each year is +and how full of prophecy and promise and marvel is the cause for which +we all work. + +Because the Circulation Department of the Woman's Journal is the +tangible bond which holds us all together and makes one big family +of all who work for the movement and all who are in any way connected +with the paper, I am going to try to take the readers of these +pages into the Journal offices and let them see the processes of the +department. + +While Miss Blackwell, Mr. Stevens, Miss Smith, Mr. Morris and myself +are spending part of our time in preparing reading matter and pictures +for the paper, and while we are working at the printing office of the +Grimes Brothers on Wednesdays, Miss Spink, Miss Ethel Costello and +their assistants, Miss Mosher, Miss Isabel McCormick, Miss Falvey, +Miss Hegarty, Miss McCarthy, Miss Collins, Miss Cox, Miss Johnson, +Miss Gilbert, and Miss Hazel McCormick are diligently at work in the +Circulation Department. + +What do they all do? the subscriber may ask. In the first place, the +Journal goes to forty-eight states, besides Alaska and the District of +Columbia, and to thirty-nine foreign countries. On a page by itself, +in the back of this little book, will be shown the list of foreign +countries. + +When a subscription is received at the office, the letter carrying it +has to be opened and the money entered by Miss Elizabeth Costello in +the ledger--and it takes just as long to enter 25 cents or a dollar +as to enter $1,000, and it must be done just as accurately. If +the subscription is sent in for one's self, no acknowledgment is +necessary, for the next issue of the paper is sufficient to tell the +subscriber that her money and order have been received. If, however, +as so often happens, one person sends a subscription for another, +two additional processes must be carried out: We must acknowledge the +order and money to the person who sends it, and we must tell the other +person (if the subscription is a gift) that the paper is being sent to +her with the compliments of her friend, or by an anonymous person, +as the case may be: but at any rate, that the subscription is for a +certain time and that she will not be billed for it. This takes +two letters and two stamps. When a subscription is sent in by some +suffragist who is acting as agent in forwarding subscriptions for +other people, we acknowledge the order only to the sender, +thinking that receipt of the paper by the subscriber is sufficient +acknowledgment. In this connection, one of our worst problems is to +learn from those who mail us subscription orders whether they are +simply forwarding for other people or are sending the paper at their +expense in the hope of making a convert or of introducing it +to someone, with the hope that she will want to continue the +subscription. The trouble comes in the question of knowing whom to +ask to renew. Sometimes the sender means to renew for the person, and +sometimes she means to have us ask the person to renew for herself. +We have no means of knowing unless the sender tells us. We have found +that whichever way we do, some of our friends do not like it. We +have, therefore, adopted the system of asking the person who has +been receiving the paper to renew for herself unless we have +been definitely instructed not to do this. Some people tell us to +discontinue the subscription when the time has expired. We do not +think this a fair thing to ask, for the obvious reason that everyone +ought to have a chance to renew for herself in case the giver does not +want to renew for her. + +The third step in receiving a subscription is to write the name in the +proper place on the subscription lists that go to the mailing +company every Tuesday night. The states in these lists are arranged +alphabetically, the towns and cities are arranged alphabetically and +the names of subscribers are arranged in the same way. In addition to +this the books have to be arranged in districts that correspond to the +mail routing of the United States post office. This is an arbitrary +dividing, and it increases the work of finding the proper place for +entering a subscription. In this a post office chart has to be used +constantly. + +After an entry has been made in the mailing books, the subscription +order, before it is filed, goes to the subscription cards. There the +clerks must see whether the name is already on the books, or, if not, +if it has ever been on our books (In the latter case we revise the +former card instead of making a new one). The subscription cards look +like the one reproduced below. + +[Illustration: Subscription Card] + +Some letters that bring subscription orders contain many other items +that must be attended to before the order or letter is filed. For +instance, a letter may contain a new subscription, a renewal, a +remittance or a request to send a bill, an order for sample copies, +for papers to sell at a meeting, for literature, a request for +information and an item or poem or article for the columns of the +paper. Each matter mentioned in the letter must, of course, be +attended to before the letter can go to the files. To avoid having a +letter filed before all of its orders or requests have been attended +to, we stamp each piece of mail with a little rubber stamp that looks +like the following: + + A.S.B.....Bill + + A.E.R.....Fin. + + H.B.S.....Advt. + + Date Received + + Ackg......Sub. + + Papers....Lit. + + Circ......Amt. & page. + +Every piece of first-class mail that reaches the office is stamped +with these abbreviations and is at once checked for the different +stages through which it must go before it is filed. The clerk filing +must see that every check on the stamp has a sign after the check to +show that the particular matter indicated has been attended to. + +Of course, another part of the subscription work is in making changes +of address, changing dates of expiration and removing names of +those who do not want to continue to receive the paper, such as +the anti-suffragists, who do not want to be converted, to whom some +relative or friend or acquaintance has been sending the paper out of +her own pocket. + +Then there is the work involved in getting subscribers to renew. When +the subscription list contained only twenty-four hundred names and +when there were few letters to write, it was possible to know the +names and perhaps something of the history of every subscriber, +especially since only a few were put on the books in a week. But with +a circulation of nearly thirty thousand it is obviously impossible for +any one person to give the whole list personal attention. + +The result is that the business policy of the paper has had to be +changed a number of times to meet the changing needs. In the earlier +days of the paper it was thought that subscribers would watch the +expiration date on the wrapper of their paper and would send in the +renewal price without any kind of reminder. In those days Miss Wilde +and her assistant would go over the books twice a year and send a +reminder to all who had not renewed. As the list grew larger, this +plan seemed unsatisfactory to both the subscriber and the paper. Since +people were at liberty to start a subscription at any time in the +year, it was plain that a year's subscription would run out at the +same time the following year, and since this was going on twelve +months in the year, we began sending out bills each month to those +subscribers whose subscriptions were about to expire. That system was +in operation from 1910 through 1915. + +During 1915, it was made possible for us to have enough helpers in the +office to make a study of the Circulation Department with a view +to seeing where improvements could be made, what leakages could be +stopped, and what kind of circulation work was paying. The result was +that we decided that along with our efforts to get new subscriptions +we must carry on a new kind of work to keep those already obtained +on our books. We found that it was not sufficient simply to send the +paper to a person for a certain time and then ask her to renew. We +found that we needed to study the source of the subscription, the +motive for subscribing, and how best to appeal to the subscriber +to renew. We found that since we had been keeping the record (1910 +through 1915), about 26,000 persons have been on our books and for +some reason or other are no longer there. A careful study and a long +one showed that those whose papers had been discontinued in that +period fell into the following classifications: + + 1. Those who had died. + + 2. Unconverted antis. + + 3. Those who had not paid + after we had sent three + bills. + + 4. Those who had moved without + giving us their change + of address. + + 5. Those whom the post office + reported as "not found." + + 6. Those who asked to be + discontinued without giving + a reason. + + 7. Those who said they could + not afford it. + + 8. Those who said they were + too busy to read it. + + 9. Those who said they were + converted and did not + need it. + + 10. Those who disapproved of our policy in some way. + +The number of new subscriptions and the number of papers discontinued +for 1915, by the month, is shown below so that readers may understand +how serious is this problem and so that they may understand why every +subscriber and every suffragist ought to help keep the numbers in +these ten classes as small as is possible, if they care to have a part +in making the paper self-supporting. + + 1915 + New Subscriptions Discontinuances + January 1,297 407 + February 2,088 346 + March 1,048 714 + April 532 225 + May 1,259 301 + June 972 492 + July 1,513 253 + August 2,265 188 + September 1,135 168 + October 657 312 + November 326 140 + December 563 263 + +In this connection it ought to be said here that all subscriptions +divide into two classes: Those that are expected to make converts +and may or may not be expected to renew, and second, those who are +suffragists and may logically be expected to renew. When an order for +a subscription is given, it, therefore, ought to make clear whether it +is for a suffragist or for some one who it is hoped will be converted +by reading the paper. If the name is that of a suffragist, it is +legitimate and entirely fair that we should offer the paper for her at +$1.00 a year and should expect her to renew, and it may be considered +our fault if she does not. If, on the other hand, the paper is being +sent merely as a piece of propaganda literature to a person who +knows nothing of the cause, to one who is undecided, or to an avowed +anti-suffragist, it ought to be paid for as literature and that name +ought not to be counted as legitimate circulation. + +How many of the total number of discontinuances come from the use of +the paper as propaganda literature, and how many come from the rank +and file of suffragists whom we ought to be expected to hold as +regular readers, cannot be known. Detailed records showing this are +being kept for 1916, and we expect to be in a better position to solve +some of the circulation difficulties in the future than ever in the +past,--chiefly because we never dared to spend the money to have the +records and study and analyses made. + +It ought to be said in this connection that we have, since the first +of the year, revised our whole system of billing and are sending a +different kind of reminder to renew to those who have been receiving +a trial subscription, a complimentary subscription from a friend, a +first year subscription for which they have themselves paid, from +the one we send to those who have been taking the paper for a year +or more. With the latter, for the most part, we simply have to remind +them that their subscription has run out. In the billing department, +therefore, we have six different kinds of reminders or requests to +renew. + +So much for that part of the work of the Circulation Department that +has to do with entering, recording, billing, analyzing and studying. +We turn now to what may be called plans and advance work for making +more subscriptions come in, that is, for increasing the circulation of +the paper. + +We have on cards the names of nearly 35,000 members of suffrage +leagues who are not subscribers for the Woman's Journal. This large +list is, roughly, only about 30 per cent of the dues-paying membership +of the suffrage leagues of the country. An effort is being made to get +the total dues-paying and non-dues-paying membership of the leagues +and organizations in order that we may send each member who is not a +subscriber a sample copy of the organ of the movement and ask her to +subscribe. + +Besides the league lists, we have the names of over 1300 prominent men +and women who believe in equal suffrage but are not subscribers. In +addition we have other lists totaling about 32,000 suffragists whose +names are not on our books. + +This makes over 68,000 suffragists who, so far as we know, have never +seen a copy of the organ of the movement, and have never been asked +to subscribe. Each week scores and sometimes hundreds of such +suffragists, who are not subscribers, write letters to our office, +to the offices of the National Suffrage Association and to other +headquarters and offices, asking for information which the Woman's +Journal publishes from week to week. Think of the waste! They have the +faith but not the knowledge to make converts, to answer objections, +to write "copy" for the newspapers, to make addresses, to take part in +debates, to write articles for the magazines, and to do the thousand +and one things that suffragists must do if the present generation of +women is not to go down to the grave unenfranchised as their mothers +and grandmothers did. + +Think of it! Nearly 70,000 known suffragists who do not subscribe. In +the interest of efficiency they ought all to be constant readers of +the paper. But how are they to be reached? There are two ways: First, +by the officers of the organization to which they belong; and second, +by means of letters, sample copies, and follow up letters until the +last one of them has enrolled as a regular reader. + +But advance work requires funds. No matter how necessary to the cause +of equal suffrage it may be to enroll those 68,000 suffragists as +readers, the United States Post Office will not sell us stamps for +writing to them unless we can make cash payments. Funds for other +parts of the work of increasing the circulation are equally necessary, +and the work halts for lack of that which reformers always lack. + +The Woman's Journal can make suffrage speeches every week in the +remote parts as well as in the crowded cities, and it can do this more +cheaply than can any other agent of equal quality. But if the paper +is to do its part in the general suffrage work, it must be through the +body of organized suffragists, and not single-handed. The movement is +growing too fast for the management, unaided by organization, to make +the obvious and necessary expansion. + + + + +=What Papers Live By= + + +[Illustration: The First Editor of the Woman's Journal Mary A. +Livermore] + +One of the well-known facts in the world of publishing newspapers and +periodicals is that neither magazines, newspapers nor periodicals of +any kind live by the subscription price. Most of them live chiefly by +advertisements. + +Why, then, does the Journal not carry more advertising? The answer is +that it will not take most of the advertisements it can get, and it +cannot get most of the advertisement sit wants. In the first place. +The Woman's Journal will not accept liquor or tobacco advertisements, +or any advertisements of patent medicines, swindling schemes, +or matters of a questionable character. Every year it declines a +considerable amount of business on this score. + +"But," the reader is sure to say, "what about the thousand and one +advertisements which are legitimate? There are hundreds and thousands +of advertisements of women's products for which the Journal ought to +be an excellent medium." In answer to this one might almost say that +the better the grade of advertising the harder it is to get. The +better grades of advertising require a much larger circulation than +we have and a better grade of paper on which to print their +advertisements; they naturally want their advertisements to be shown +in the most attractive manner. And there are hundreds of publications +just as good as ours which can give them the proper display. + +Another difficulty we have to combat is the fact that our paper is not +well known to men; it is not advertised anywhere, it is not displayed +anywhere; they rarely see any one reading it; they cannot get it on +the newsstands, and, in short, they cannot imagine who reads it. This +is hard to combat. + +Another reason given by those who refuse to advertise in the Woman's +Journal is that the advertiser or the advertising agent does not +believe in equal suffrage, or to use his own expression, he is "not a +suffragette." He is sure that no one would ever advertise in the paper +unless he believed in votes for women, and frankly, he does not want +his friends to be given a chance to tease him about "this suffragette +business." + +Since the Journal is a national paper, it ought, of course, to have +national advertising, but national advertisers require at least 50,000 +circulation, we are told. If the Journal's circulation were local, it +could get plenty, but local advertising, of course, does not properly +belong in a national paper, for all except the local circulation is a +waste for it. + +If the present circulation of the Journal were in one State or in one +section of the country, say in the West, the Middle West, or in New +York and New England, the paper could get more advertising than it +could carry. But its circulation is scattered over the whole country, +and while this spoils it for local advertising, its circulation is not +yet large enough to enable it to get much national advertising. + +To an advertising agent who has seen in a suffrage parade in New York, +Boston, Philadelphia, or Washington from 10,000 to 50,000 suffragists, +it is hard to explain why the national paper going to forty-eight +States, has less than 30,000 subscribers. He expects that the organ +of the movement has at least 75,000 subscribers. When he learns the +truth, it is impossible to talk with him further. + +In a nutshell, then, what the advertising department needs is that +great body of non-subscribing suffragists to enroll as readers. Think +of that 68,000 whose names and addresses we have! If we only had them +on our lists, if they stood back of us, advertisers would be glad to +consider us. + +What, then, can suffragists do for the advertising department? They +can do three things. + +(1) Increase the number of readers of the paper. + +(2) Read the advertisements we print and patronize every advertiser +possible, letting him know why they do so: and + +(3) Unite to bring pressure to bear on advertisers so they will +advertise with us. + +Imagine what would happen if twenty suffragists in each city in the +country were to call on the advertisers doing business there and urge +them to advertise in the Journal! They would simply put the Journal on +the advertiser's map! + + + + +=Prints and Reprints= + +[Illustration: William Lloyd Garrison A Life-long Friend of the +Journal] + +"Your editorial in this week's issue deserves a wider circulation. It +ought to go to thousands who are not yet with us. Can you reprint it +for more general distribution?" Such requests have led us from time +to time to reprint something which has appeared in the paper. If it is +reprinted soon after it is current in the paper, it can be furnished +at a cheaper rate than if the type had to be set for pamphlet or +leaflet use alone. There is usually a good demand for what we have +reprinted, particularly since we can advertise it in the Journal. + +The Journal has, accordingly, printed the following which appeared +first in its columns: + + + _A Bubble Pricked. + The Threefold Menace. + Open Letter To Clergymen. + Liquor Against Suffrage. + Suffrage and Temperance + The Stage and Woman Suffrage. + Votes and Athletics. + Ballots and Brooms. + Suffrage in Utah. + Suffrage and Mormonism. + My Mother and the Little Girl Next Door. + Massachusetts Laws. + Suffrage and Morals. + Worth of a Vote. + Jane Addams Testifies. + A Campaign of Slander._ + +In addition to these, the Journal printed in 1915 200,000 postal cards +on good stock with colored ink, especially calculated to win voters. +In preparing them, every type of man from the point of view of his +business or profession was considered. Their titles are as follows and +indicate their character: + + _If You Are A Working Man + Working Men--Help. + If You Are A Doctor. + If You Are A Farmer. + If You Are A Policeman. + If You Are An Educator. + If You Are A Postman. + If You Are A Business Man. + If You Are A Minister. + If You Are A Traveling Man. + If You Are A Fireman. + If You Are Interested In Political Questions. + A Statement By Judge Lindsey. + An Object Lesson. + Think On These Things. + The Meaning Of The Suffrage Map. + Arms Versus Armies. + Do Women Want To Vote?_ + +Suffrage literature divides into two kinds: that which must be +inexpensive and very easily read, for the voter; and that which is +designed for women who, like conservative college graduates and +many other women, will be surely impressed with a more weighty, +more obviously expensive-looking argument. We find that many want +good-looking, well-prepared, convincing literature to send to those +whom they are trying to convert. Practically all of the literature +which the Journal has printed belongs to the second class. + + + + +=The Graveyard= + +[Illustration: Wendell Phillips A Staunch Friend] + +Every live newspaper office has as part of its necessary equipment +What is familiarly known as "The Graveyard." Ours is a combination +of the Research and Information Departments. It contains pictures +of distinguished and leading suffragists in this country and abroad, +biographical sketches of them, quotations from them and other +suffragists, notable articles, criticisms, reviews and news of the +movement which may be useful at some later date, a large amount of +information and data and compilation of facts and figures, such as one +needs at his fingers' ends in an office which does the kind of work +that is being done in few places if anywhere else in the country. The +files in this department include also a large amount of statistics +and information regarding anti-suffrage activities, workers for the +opposition, methods, amount of money spent, sources of income, and an +index of the Journal from week to week. + +Who was the first woman doctor, what college first opened its doors +to women, what was the date of the first suffrage convention, how many +times was equal suffrage submitted in Oregon before it was granted, +what States in the Union have no form of suffrage for women whatever, +who are the most distinguished men advocates of woman suffrage today, +how many believers in equal suffrage are there in this country? These +are some examples of the myriad questions that come constantly to +the Journal for answer--usually at short notice and without a stamped +envelope for reply. + +Material for debates, speeches, articles for the press, chapters in +books, copy to be read into the minutes of the Congress of the United +States, refutation of anti-suffrage articles, answers to hundreds and +thousands of objections to equal suffrage, questions of how it works, +what women have achieved in science, art, literature,--to meet these +with the least waste of time and energy is the end and aim of "The +Graveyard." Practically all suffragists use it, but no one has ever +contributed a penny toward its support, and no organization has ever +made an appropriation to maintain it. It is simply another case of the +willing mother and the thoughtless daughter! + + + + +=Holding the Reins= + +[Illustration: Julia Ward Howe President of the Woman's Journal +Corporation for Many Years] + +In 1910 there was one woman worker besides the editor-in-chief in the +office of the Woman's Journal, and one woman who worked part time. +Mr. Henry B. Blackwell, who always gave his services to the paper, had +died in 1909. There were only four pages to the paper then, and the +total subscription list was 3,989. Bills were sent out only twice a +year, and hardly any work was being done to increase the subscription +list or any department of the paper. Office administration was then +a very simple matter--whereas now the Subscription Department alone +requires the full time of more than ten workers. + +The result is that office administration now is a very different +matter. It has become a question of holding the reins of twenty-four +young people, all of whom have special work to do, but all of +whom need almost constant direction. And while there are heads of +departments who oversee the work of clerks and stenographers up to +a point, almost daily conferences and supervisions are necessary in +order to have the work go on satisfactorily. This takes an immense +amount of time and energy and initiative and planning. It is a case +of driving twenty-four in hand. Some days it sends the driver home +thoroughly wearied. + +Besides the absorbing task of keeping the whole staff busy, there is +always the exhausting and important matter of mapping out the work, +laying plans for advance work, originating and initiating, and making +decisions that involve more or less risk. + +Then there is the actual personal labor of helping to get the paper +to press each week, choosing from a limited supply suitable +illustrations, writing some "copy," writing heads, making up, +dictating and signing hundreds of letters each week, seeing all +callers who need to be seen, and constantly directing and overseeing +to keep matters of a thousand and one details ship-shape and accurate. + + + +There is the question of office space, rent, subletting office room, +buying typewriters, stationery and other supplies to advantage. The +question of ventilation, health and sick leave of staff, obtaining +efficient and conscientious work and maintaining a wholesome esprit de +corps. + + + + +=Capturing the Imagination= + +[Illustration: Armenia White One of the First Stockholders] + +Capturing the imagination for equal suffrage or for the Woman's +Journal is another way of saying "getting so many inches or columns of +free advertising in the papers." Each week for some time we have been +watching the Journal's columns to see whether, by sending an advance +clipping from the week's paper, we could not get a certain amount of +free publicity in the daily paper. We have also experimented to some +extent to see if we could get publicity for the Journal aside from +what appears in its columns. The result has been that such stories as +the analysis of the source of income of the anti-suffragists has had +very wide publicity. It has even been published in country weeklies +and monthly magazines. In the majority of cases, the Journal has been +credited, and in this way much free advertising has been secured. + +At the time of the elections, we sent a copy of Mrs. Fredrikke +Palmer's drawing called "Waiting for the Returns" with a little sketch +of the artist to a number of first class dailies. A number of these +papers used it, giving full credit to the Woman's Journal. + +The Massachusetts Woman Suffrage Association has a showcase on the +sidewalk in front of its headquarters where it displays pictures, +clippings, novelties and anything that may capture the interest of the +passing pedestrian. We asked to have the Journal displayed there each +week and to have special articles clipped and attractively mounted. +This has been done with benefit to both the Association and the +Journal. The suggestion might well be adopted for every suffrage +headquarters. The cost is very slight and the people whose attention +one gets in this way are not those, as a rule, who attend suffrage +meetings or are easily reached. They are the great host of +"passers-by." + +A method of publicity for the Journal and the cause which has been +adopted successfully by many individuals is that of displaying a copy +of the Journal on the library table in one's home. In some cases the +front page drawings have been considered so good that requests have +been received to have extra copies struck off for use in showcases, +bulletin boards and booths. + +Other suffragists adopt other methods of making the paper known to the +public. Some make a point of earning a copy to read in the street car +or train whenever possible. Anyone who tries this will find many and +many a pair of eyes diverted to the picture or the appearance of a +publication with which the onlooker is not familiar. Ardent partisans +of the Journal always mention it in reports and speeches at meetings +and even in debates. They are usually persons who have been converted +to the principle of equal suffrage by a stray copy of the Journal sent +to them by ardent friend! + + + + +=A Word In Time= + +[Illustration: Margaret Foley] + +Miss Margaret Foley has been doing Field Work for the Woman's Journal +since the elections in November. She has been working as an experiment +to see if Journals cannot be sold successfully at all suffrage +meetings when from three to ten minutes are devoted to calling +attention to the paper from the platform. + +From the last thirteen meetings at which she sold papers and took +subscription orders she got $74.42. Many of the meetings were small +and at the larger number of them the attendance was made up mostly of +those who already subscribe for the paper. Miss Foley's work is proof +positive, if such were needed, that it pays to mention the Journal at +suffrage meetings and to have it on sale and to take subscriptions. +The results she has had can be duplicated at every suffrage meeting in +the United States where 100 or more are gathered together, and a word +spoken in time at suffrage meetings saves much of the more expensive +converting and canvassing to bring out the vote when election time +comes. One of the greatest wastes of the movement today is the failure +of those in charge of meetings to make provision for this part of +propaganda work. + +Miss Foley usually speaks toward the close of a meeting. The gist of +her remarks is something like this: + +"You have just heard about our cause and how wonderful it is to be +connected with it. I am sure you will want to know more about it. The +best way to get authentic information and news about Votes for Women +is to read the organ of the suffrage movement, The Woman's Journal and +Suffrage News, on sale in the corridor. The paper is only five cents a +copy and you can get a full year's subscription for $1.00. Do not fail +to get a copy from me before you go." + +The Woman's Journal has many field workers who do in connection with +the regular suffrage work what Miss Foley has been doing for the +Journal as an experiment. For the vitality of the movement every +locality which holds suffrage meetings should have a Journal field +worker for every occasion. A word in time saves an endless amount of +converting. + + + + +=Our Hope Chest= + +[Illustration: Thomas Wentworth Higginson For Many Years Contributing +Editor] + +Other causes, other propaganda papers, have their budgets, their +war chests, their exchequers, their ways and means committees, their +financial backers of wealth and prestige, but the Woman's Journal has +had only what we may perhaps call our "Hope Chest." It was constructed +purely out of the hope that, if the paper filled a need, if it was +found worthy of the movement it represents, its finances would in +some way take care of themselves. And it is a wonderful tribute to the +believers in the cause for equal suffrage that this plan has worked +for better or worse for more than forty years. + +As the financial responsibilities of the paper have grown during +the past six years, however, it has become apparent that we must not +merely publish the paper each year and hope to pay our bills but that +we must study the question of financing a growing paper with ever +growing needs of expansion and consequent growing financial risks. + +Accordingly, we decided that if we must "raise money" each year in +some way or other, we must go about it in a well thought out way and +not leave such an important matter to haphazard uncertainties. We +have, therefore, formed a small Finance Department and have studied +all of the ways of raising money that are known to us, trying of +course to make out which ones are particularly adapted to our needs. + +The result is that we have decided on the following course: + +(1) To issue this survey of the Journal's work, and ask suffragists to +consider the value of the paper purely on its merits and contribute to +it and support it if they believe in what it is doing. + +(2) To form a Central Finance Committee with a branch in each state in +the Union. + +(3) To ask able women and friendly organizations in various towns +and cities throughout the country to give a ball, banquet, bazaar, +festival or other benefit or entertainment with the express purpose of +sharing the proceeds with the Woman's Journal. + +Because of the vitality of the paper through the barren pioneer days, +through the days of ridicule and up into these times of great numbers, +splendid prestige and backing for the whole movement, we have faith +that our hopes are not in vain. + +[Illustration: Mrs. David Hunt A Generous Supporter of the Woman's +Journal] + +One proof of our faith is that we find working in the Woman's Journal +office year after year is in some ways like living in a fairy +story. We never know what is going to happen next. The day after +election--and defeat in New York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts and New +Jersey--a woman came to the Journal office bearing a check for $1,000 +in her hand and saying in substance, "Here is a small check to cheer +Miss Blackwell and the Journal in the face of yesterday's defeats at +the polls." She asked not to have her name used. Hers is an example +of the way suffragists feel toward the Woman's Journal. To them it +symbolizes the cause. + + FORM OF BEQUEST + + * * * * * + + _I hereby give and bequeath to the Proprietors of + The Woman's Journal, + published in Boston, a corporation established under the laws of +Massachusetts, + the sum of ---- dollars._ + * * * * * + + + + +=Early Stockholders of the Woman's Journal= + + + NATHANIEL WHITE _Concord, N.H._ + MRS. ARMENIA WHITE _Concord, N.H._ + MRS. HARRIET M. PITMAN _Somereville, Mass._ + JULIA WARD HOWE _Boston, Mass._ + SAMUEL E. SEWALL _Melrose, Mass._ + E.D. DRAPER _Boston, Mass._ + MRS. ANNA C. LODGE _Boston, Mass._ + MRS. ELIZABETH B. CHACE _Valley Falls, R.I._ + MRS. LILLIE B. CHACE _Valley Falls, R.I._ + T.W. HIGGINSON _Newport, R.I._ + SARAH W. GRIMKE _Hyde Park, Mass._ + MRS. ANGELINA G. WELD _Hyde Park, Mass._ + MRS. SUSIE CRANE VOGL _Hyde Park, Mass._ + MRS. MARY HEMINWAY _Boston, Mass._ + WILLIAM B. STONE _W. Brookfield, Mass._ + REBECCA BOWKER _No address._ + JOHN GAGE _Vineland, N.J._ + MRS. PORTIA GAGE _Vineland, N.J._ + ALFRED H. BATCHELOUR _Boston, Mass._ + CHARLOTTE A. JOY _Mendon, Mass._ + SAMUEL MAY _Boston, Mass._ + ALFRED WYMAN _Worcester, Mass._ + CHARLES DWIGHT _Boston, Mass._ + ISAAC AMES _Hacerhill, Mass._ + HENRY MAYO _Boston, Mass._ + AUGUSTA DAGGETT _Boston, Mass._ + GEORGE B. LORINE _Salem, Mass._ + CHARLES RICHARDSON _Address unknown._ + A.P. WARD _Worcester, Mass._ + STEPHEN S. FOSTER _Worcester, Mass._ + A.S. HASKELL _Chelsea, Mass._ + SARAH G. WILKINSON _Salem, Mass._ + LUCY STONE _Boston, Mass._ + CHARLES W. SLACK _Boston, Mass._ + A.A. BURRAGE _Boston, Mass._ + JOHN WHITEHEAD _Newark, N.J._ + OTIS CLAPP _Boston, Mass._ + T.L. NELSON _Worcester, Mass._ + PHILIP C. WHEELER _Boston, Mass._ + HENRY CHAPIN _Worcester, Mass._ + E.S. CONVERSE _Boston, Mass._ + MRS. CARRIE P. LACOSTE _Maiden, Mass._ + LUCIUS W. POND _Worcester, Mass._ + GEORGE W. KEENE _Lynn, Mass._ + EDWARD EARLE _Worcester, Mass._ + SARAH SHAW RUSSELL _Boston, Mass._ + ROWLAND CONNOR _Boston, Mass._ + E.D. WINSLOW _Boston, Mass. + H.B. BLACKWELL _Newark, N.J._ + CAROLINE M. SEVERANCE _West Newton, Mass._ + MRS. MARY MAY _Boston, Mass._ + F.W.G. MAY _Dorcestoer, Mass._ + HARRISON BLISS _Worcester, Mass._ + JOHN W. HUTCHINSON _Lynn, Mass._ + J.J. BELVILLE _Dayton, Ohio._ + WILLIAM CLATLIN _Boston, Mass._ + MERCY B. JACKSON _Boston, Mass._ + WARREN McFRALAND _Worcester, Mass._ + SARAH G. WELD _Hyde Park, Mass._ + LOUISA SEWALL CABOT _Brookline, Mass._ + + + + + +=Stockholders of the Woman's Journal, 1916 Individuals= + + JANE ADDAMS + MARY WARE ALLEN + HELEN H. BENNETT + EMMA L. BLACKWELL + ALICE STONE BLACKWELL + HOWARD L. BLACKWELL + VIRGINIA BRANNER + EMILY E. DALAND + M.A. EVANS + H.E. FLANSBURG + SUSANNA PHELPS GAGE + FRANCIS J. GARRISON + JENNY C. LAW HARDY + HARRIET O. HAWKINS + MARY E. HILTON + MARY JOHNSTON + MARTHA S. KIMBALL + FLORENCE HOPE LUSCOMB + MARY McWILLIAMS MARSH + FLORENCE E.M. MASKREY + CATHERINE M. McGINLEY + MAUD WOOD PARK + ANNETTE W. PARMELEE + AGNES E. RYAN + MARTHA SCHOFIELD + PAULINE A. SHAW + JUDITH W. SMITH + HELEN D. STEARNS + HENRY BAILEY STEVENS + GRACE L. TAYLOR + JOHN FOGG TWOMBLY + MABEL CALDWELL WILLARD + + + + + =Estates of= + MRS. SUSAN LOOK AVERY + J.J. BELVILLE + HARRISON BLISS + MRS. REBECCA BOWKER + A.A. BURRAGE + LOUISE SEWALL CABOT + WILLIAM CLAFLIN + JOHN GAGE + MRS. PORTIA GAGE + JOHN W. HUTCHINSON + MERCY B. JACKSON + MRS. CARRIE P. LACOSTE + GEORGE B. LORINO + HENRY MAYO + CHARLES RICHARDSON + A.P. WARE + CLARA E. CLEMENT WATERS + ANGELINA GRIMKE WELD + JOHN WHITEHEAD + MISS C.I. WILBY + SARAH G. WILKINSON + E.D. WINSLOW + + + + +=National, State and League Associations= + + NATIONAL AMERICAN WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + ALABAMA EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + BOSTON EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION FOR GOOD GOVERNMENT. + CAMBRIDGE POLITICAL EQUALITY ASSOCIATION. + CONNECTICUT WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + ILLINOIS EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + IOWA EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + KENTUCKY EQUAL RIGHTS ASSOCIATION. + LOUISIANA STATE SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION + MAINE WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + MASSACHUSETTS WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + MICHIGAN EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + MINNESOTA WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + MISSOURI EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + NEBRASKA WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + NEVADA EQUAL FRANCHISE SOCIETY. + NEW HAMPSHIRE EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + NEW JERSEY WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + NEWPORT COUNTY, R.I. WOMAN SUFFRAGE LEAGUE. + NEW YORK STATE WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + PENNSYLVANIA WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + ROCK COUNTY, WIS., WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + WEST VIRGINIA EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + WISCONSIN WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION. + + + + +=The Journal Goes to 39 Foreign Countries= + + Canal Zone Italy + Cuba Japan + Hawaii Java + Philippines Korea + Canada New Zealand + Australia Norway + Austria Persia + Bermuda Poland + Bohemia Roumania + China Russia + Denmark Scotland + England Asia + Finland South Africa + France South America + Germany Sweden + Holland Switzerland + Hungary Wales + Iceland Dutch East Indies + India West Indies + Ireland + + +[Illustration: The Anti and the Snowball--Then and Now] + + + + +=The Corporation= + + +The Corporation + +The Woman's journal is a corporation formed under the laws of +Massachusetts. Its stockholders are interested in furthering the cause +of equal suffrage through a paper owned and managed by suffragists. +Its directors, its editor-in-chief, and its deputy treasurer receive +no salary; its stockholders receive no dividends. Those who purchase +stock do so for the sake of building up the paper to meet the needs of +the movement. + +Its Purpose + +Its purpose is contained in the following description which appeared +on the original title page: "A weekly newspaper devoted to the +interests of woman--to her educational, industrial, legal, and +political equality, and especially to her right of suffrage." + +Annual Meeting + +The annual meeting of the corporation is held on the second Monday in +January to elect officers and transact such other business as may +come before the meeting. The officers are a board of five directors, a +president, a treasurer, and a clerk. The officers for 1916, elected at +the last annual meeting are as follows: + +President, Alice Stone Blackwell; Deputy Treasurer, Howard L. +Blackwell; Clerk, Catherine Wilde; Directors, Maud Wood Park. Emma +Lawrence Blackwell, Grace A. Johnson, Alice Stone Blackwell and Agnes +E. Ryan. + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Torch Bearer, by Agnes E. Ryan + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE TORCH BEARER *** + +***** This file should be named 12071.txt or 12071.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/2/0/7/12071/ + +Produced by Bill Hershey and PG Distributed Proofreaders + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. 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