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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11455 ***
+
+THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.
+
+VOL. XIV, NO. 385.] SATURDAY, AUGUST 15, 1829. [PRICE 2d.
+
+
+
+
+HAMPTON COURT.
+
+
+[Illustration: Hampton Court]
+
+
+Here is a bird's-eye view of a royal palace and domain "cut out in
+little stars." It is copied from one of Kipp's Views in Great Britain
+in the time of Queen Anne, and affords a correct idea of Hampton Court
+in all its olden splendour.
+
+The palace is situated on the north bank of the Thames, two miles west
+from Kingston. It was magnificently built by Cardinal Wolsey. After he
+became possessed of the lease of the manor of Hampton, "he bestowed,"
+says Stow, "great cost of building upon it, converting the
+mansion-house into so stately a palace, that it is said to have
+excited much envy; to avoid which, in the year 1526, he gave it to the
+king, who in recompense thereof licensed him to lie in his manor of
+Richmond at his pleasure; and so he lay there at certain times;" but
+it appears that Wolsey after this occasionally inhabited the palace
+(perhaps as keeper;) for in 1527, when some French ambassadors were
+in England, the king sent them to be entertained by the Cardinal at
+Hampton Court. The preparations for this purpose are detailed in a
+MS. copy of Cavendish's _Life of Wolsey_, in the British Museum, and
+afford the reader some idea of the magnificent taste of the prelate in
+matters of state and show. The Cardinal was commanded to receive the
+ambassadors with surpassing splendour; then "my Lord Cardinal sent
+me (Mr. Cavendish) being his gentleman usher, with two other of my
+fellows thither, to foresee all things touching our rooms to be nobly
+garnished"--"accordingly our pains were not small nor light, but daily
+travelling up and down from chamber to chamber; then wrought the
+carpenters, joiners, masons, and all other artificers necessary to be
+had to glorify this noble feast." He tells us of "expert cookes, and
+connyng persons in the art of cookerie; the cookes wrought both day
+and night with suttleties and many crafty devices, where lacked
+neither gold, silver, nor other costly things meet for their
+purpose"--"280 beds furnished with all manner of furniture to
+them, too long particularly to be rehearsed, but all wise men do
+sufficiently know what belongeth to the furniture thereof, and that is
+sufficient at this time to be said." Wolsey's arrival during the feast
+is described quaintly enough: "Before the second course my lord came
+in booted and spurred, all sodainely amongst them _proface_;[1] at
+whose coming there was great joy, with rising every man from his
+place, whom my lord caused to sit still, and keep their roomes, and
+being in his apparel as he rode, called for a chayre and sat down in
+the middest of the high paradise, laughing and being as merry as ever
+I saw him in all my lyff." The whole party drank long and strong, some
+of the Frenchmen were led off to bed, and in the chambers of all was
+placed abundance of "wine and beere."
+
+Henry VIII. added considerably to Wolsey's building, and in the latter
+part of his reign, it became one of his principal residences. Among
+the events connected with the palace are the following:--
+
+Edward VI. was born at Hampton Court, October 12, 1537, and his
+mother, Queen Jane Seymour, died there on the 14th of the same
+month.[2] Her corpse was conveyed to Windsor by water, where she was
+buried, November 12. Catharine Howard was openly showed as Queen, at
+Hampton Court, August 8, 1540. Catharine Parr was married to the King
+at this palace, and proclaimed Queen, July 12, 1543. In 1558, Mary and
+Philip kept Christmas here with great solemnity, when the large hall
+was illuminated with 1,000 lamps. Queen Elizabeth frequently resided,
+and gave many superb entertainments here, in her reign. In 1603-4, the
+celebrated conference between Presbyterians and the Established Church
+was held here before James I. as moderator, in a withdrawing-room
+within the privy-chamber, on the subject of Conformity. All the Lords
+of the Council were present, and the conference lasted three days; a
+new translation of the Bible was ordered, and some alterations were
+made in the Liturgy.[3]
+
+Charles I. retired to Hampton Court on account of the plague, in 1625,
+when a proclamation prohibited all communication between London,
+Southwark, or Lambeth, and this place.[4] Charles was brought here
+by the army, August 24, 1647, and lived in a state of splendid
+imprisonment, being allowed to keep up the state and retinue of a
+court, till November 11, following, when he made his escape[5] to the
+Isle of Wight.
+
+In 1651, the Honour and Palace of Hampton were sold to creditors of
+the state; but previously to 1657 it came into the possession of
+Cromwell, who made it one of his chief residences. Elizabeth, his
+daughter, was here publicly married to the Lord Falconberg; and the
+Protector's favourite child, Mrs. Claypoole, died here, and was
+conveyed with great pomp to Westminster Abbey.
+
+The palace was occasionally inhabited by Charles II. and James II.
+King William resided much at Hampton Court; he pulled down great part
+of the old palace, which then consisted of five quadrangles, and
+employed Sir Christopher Wren to build on its site the Fountain Court,
+or State Apartments. In July, 1689, the Duke of Gloucester, son of the
+Princess, afterwards Queen Anne, was born here. The Queen sojourned
+at Hampton occasionally, as did her successors George I. and II.; but
+George III. never resided here. When his late serene highness William
+the Fifth, Stadtholder of the United Provinces, was condemned to quit
+his country by the French, this palace was appropriated to his use;
+and he resided here several years. The principal domestic apartments
+of Hampton Court are now occupied by different private families, who
+have grants for life from the crown.
+
+The palace consists of three grand quadrangles: the western
+quadrangle, or entrance court is 167 feet 2 inches, north to south,
+and 141 feet 7 inches, east to west. This leads to the second, or
+middle quadrangle, 133 feet 6 inches, north to south, and 91 feet 10
+inches, east to west; this is usually called the Clock Court, from a
+curious astronomical clock by Tompion, over the gateway of the eastern
+side; on the southern side is a colonnade of Ionic pillars by Wren. On
+the north is the great hall: as this is not mentioned by Cavendish,
+probably it was part of Henry's building. It certainly was not
+finished till 1536 or 1537, as appears from initials of the King and
+Jane Seymour, joined in a true lover's knot, amongst the decorations;
+this hall is 106 feet long, and 40 broad. Queen Caroline had a theatre
+erected here, in which it was intended that two plays should be
+acted weekly during the stay of the Court; but only seven plays were
+performed in it by the Drury Lane company,[6] and one afterwards
+before the
+
+
+    [1] An obsolete French term of salutation, abridged from _Bon prou
+    vous_, i.e. much good may it do you.
+
+    [2] Stow's Annals.
+
+    [3] Fuller's Church History.
+
+    [4] Rymer's Foedera.
+
+    [5] Clarendon's History of the Rebellion.
+
+    [6] Cibber tells us that the expenses of each play were £50. and
+    the players were allowed the same sum. The King likewise gave the
+    managers £200. more, for all the performances. For the last
+    play, the actors received £100. One of the plays acted here was
+    Shakspeare's Henry VIII--thus making the palace the scene of
+    Wolseys downfall, as it had been of his splendour.
+
+
+Duke of Lorraine, afterwards Emperor of Germany. The theatrical
+appurtenances were not, however, removed till the year 1798. Adjoining
+the hall is the Board of Green Cloth Room, of nearly the same date,
+and hung with fine tapestry.
+
+The eastern quadrangle, or Fountain Court, erected by Sir Christopher
+Wren for King William, in 1690, is 100 feet by 177 feet 3 inches. Here
+is the King's Gallery, 117 feet by 23 feet 6 inches, which was fitted
+up for the Cartoons of Raphael. On the eastern side of the court is
+a room in which George I. and George II. frequently dined in public.
+North-west of the Fountain Court stands the chapel, which forms the
+southern side of the quadrangle; this was partly built by Wolsey, and
+was finished by Henry VIII. in 1536, or 1537. The windows were of
+beautifully stained glass, and the walls decorated with paintings, but
+these embellishments were demolished in the troublous times of 1745.
+The chapel was, however, restored by Queen Anne; the floor is of black
+and white marble, the pews are of Norway oak, and there is some fine
+carving by Gibbons; the roof is plain Gothic with pendent ornaments.
+
+It is hardly possible for us, within the limits of our columns to do
+justice to the magnificence of Hampton Court. The grand facade towards
+the garden extends 330 feet, and that towards the Thames 328 feet. The
+portico and colonnade, of duplicated pillars of the Ionic order, at
+the grand entrance, and indeed, the general design of the elevations,
+are in splendid style. On the south side of the palace is the privy
+garden, which was sunk ten feet, to open a view from the apartments to
+the Thames. On the northern side is a tennis court, and beyond that a
+gate which leads into the wilderness or _Maze_.[7] Further on is the
+great gate of the gardens.
+
+The gardens, which comprise about 44 acres, were originally laid out
+by London and Wise. George III. gave the celebrated Brown permission
+to make whatever improvements his fine taste might suggest; but he
+declared his opinion that they appeared to the best advantage in their
+original state, and they accordingly remain so to this day. The extent
+of the kitchen gardens is about 12 acres. In the privy garden is a
+grape house 70 feet in length, and 14 in breadth; the interior being
+wholly occupied by one vine of the black Hamburgh kind, which was
+planted in the year 1769, and has in a single year, produced 2,200
+bunches of grapes, weighing, on an average, one pound each.
+
+The grotesque forms of the gardens, and the mathematical taste in
+which they are disposed, are advantageously seen in a bird's-eye view
+as in the Engraving, which represents the tortuous beauty of the
+parterres, and the pools, fountains, and statues with characteristic
+accuracy. The formal avenues, radiating as it were, from the gardens
+or centre, are likewise distinctly shown, as is also the canal formed
+by Wolsey through the middle avenue. The intervening space, then a
+parklike waste, is now planted with trees, and stretches away to the
+village of Thames Ditton; and is bounded on the south by the Thames,
+and on the north by the high road to Kingston.
+
+The palace is open to the public, and besides its splendid apartments,
+and numerous buildings, there is a valuable collection of pictures,
+which are too celebrated to need enumeration. A curious change has
+taken place in the occupancy of some apartments--many rooms originally
+intended for domestic offices being now tenanted by gentry. The
+whole is a vast assemblage of art, and reminds us of the palace of
+Versailles, which is about the same distance from Paris as Hampton
+Court from London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+GREECE.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+  Alas! for fair Greece, how her glories are failed,
+  Her altars are broken, her trophies are gone,
+  The Crescent her temples and shrines hath invaded,
+  And Freedom hath bow'd to the Mussulman throne.
+
+  Fair Liberty say! shall the land of Achilles
+  Reluctantly cherish a dastardly slave,
+  Who can crouch at the foot of a despot, whose will is
+  As fickle as wind, and as rude as the wave?
+  Shall the ashes of heroes enshrouded in glory,
+  Be spurn'd in contempt by a barbarous horde,
+  While their sons idly tremble like boys at a story,
+  And shudder to gaze on the point of a sword?
+
+  Shall Greece, still as lovely as maiden in sorrow,
+  By Freedom's bright ray ne'er be beam'd on again?
+  Shall the sun of Engia ne'er rise on the morrow
+  That lightens her thraldom or loosens her chain?
+  Oh say, shall the proud eye of scorn fall unheeded,
+  The hand, taunting, point to "the land of the brave,"
+  And say that Achaia's fair daughters e'er needed
+  An arm to protect them--a hero to save.
+
+  Rise! courage alone your base station can alter,
+  Let Beauty, let Liberty, spirit you on,
+  And while fetters and stripes are their portion who falter,
+  Remember that Freedom's the stake to be won.
+
+
+J.O.B.
+
+    [7] For an Engraving of the _Maze_, see MIRROR, vol. vi. page 105.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ESCAPE OF CHARLES II.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+In No. 376, of the MIRROR, is a communication from _W.W._ respecting
+the pension granted by Charles II. to the Pendrils, for aiding him in
+his escape, after the fatal battle of Worcester. There was another
+family who enjoyed a pension from the same monarch, named Tattersall,
+one of whom conveyed Charles from Brighton in his open fishing-boat.
+A descendant is now living at that place, but the family, through
+ignorance and neglect, have ceased to enjoy the grant.
+
+The house in which the king rested at Brighton, is now an inn, in West
+Street, called the King's Head, and is kept by a Mr. Eales.
+
+H. BERGER.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+LINES WRITTEN IN A LADY'S ALBUM.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+  The star is set that lighted me
+  Thro' Fancy's wide domain,
+  And the fairy paths of poesy,
+  I now may seek in vain.
+
+  'Tis but when Sorrow's clouds appear,
+  In frowning darkness o'er me,
+  The light of Song bursts forth to cheer
+  The gloomy path before me.
+
+  As o'er the dusky waves at night,
+  Oft Mariners behold
+  That ocean-form, St. Ermo's light,
+  When tempests are foretold.
+
+  Two reasons in my mind arise.
+  Why Song is _now_ denied me;--
+  No light can venture near thine eyes,
+  Nor Grief--when thou'rt beside me!
+
+E.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MINSTREL BALLAD.
+
+WRITTEN ON A FLYLEAF OF A VOLUME OF ONE OF THE "WAVERLEY NOVELS."
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+  Waken, lords and ladies gay,
+  On the mountain dawns the day,
+  All the jolly chase is here,
+  With hawk and horse, and hunting spear;
+  Hounds are in their couples yelling,
+  Hawks are whistling, horns are knelling,
+  Merrily, merrily, mingle they,
+  "Waken, lords and ladies gay."
+
+  Waken, lords and ladies gay,
+  The mist has left the mountain grey,
+  Springlets in the dawn are streaming,
+  Diamonds on the brake are gleaming,
+  And foresters have busy been,
+  To track the buck in thicket green;
+  Now we come to chant our lay,
+  "Waken, lords and ladies gay."
+
+  Waken, lords and ladies gay,
+  To the green wood haste away,
+  We can show you where he lies,
+  Fleet of foot, and tall of size;
+  We can show the marks he made
+  When 'gainst the oak his antlers frayed;
+  You shall see him brought to bay.
+  "Waken, lords and ladies gay."
+
+  Louder, louder, chant the lay,
+  Waken, lords and ladies say,
+  Tell them youth, and mirth and glee,
+  Run a course as well as we,
+  Time, stern huntsman! who can balk,
+  Stanch as hound, and fleet as hawk?
+  Think of this, without delay,
+  Gentle lords and ladies gay.
+
+C.C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE SKETCH-BOOK
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+PHYSIOGNOMY OF HOUSES.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+Houses undoubtedly present to the eye of fancy, an appearance
+analogous to physiognomical expression in men. The remark has been
+made by more acute observers than myself.
+
+Look at that beetle-browed, solemn looking mansion with a ponderous
+hat-roof--I mean of slates, garnished with bay windows--observe its
+heavy jaws of areas, its hard, close mouth of a door; its dark, deep
+sunken eyes of windows peering out from the heavy brow of dark stone
+coping that supports the slate hat in question: what a contrast to
+the spruce mock gentility of its neighbour, with a stand-up collar of
+white steps, a varnished face, and a light, jaunty, yet stiff air,
+like a city apprentice in his best clothes.
+
+See the cap on the temple of that Chinese Mandarin, poking above yon
+clump of firs, with its bell furniture; he seems pondering on the
+aphorisms of Confucius, regardless of that booby faced conservatory,
+whose bald, rounded pate glitters in the sun. Ah! what have we here; a
+spruce masquerader in yellow straw hat, trying to look rural with as
+much success as a reed thatched summer house. Stand in this quiet nook
+a few hours, and give us the shadow of your mushroom covering.
+
+There is a poor, forlorn wretch with his rags fluttering about him
+like a beggar--give him a penny--he must be in distress--look at
+his shattered face and dilapidated form; shored up upon crutches,
+tottering on the brink of the sewers--shores I mean--of eternity;
+behold his crushed and crownless hat--his hollow eyes--his rheumy
+visage--look at that petition penned on his breast. Poh! 'tis a
+surveyor's notice to pull down. But, then, look at that plurality
+parson with rotund prominence of portico, and red brick cheeks of vast
+extent, and that high, steeple-crowned hat--look at the smug, mean,
+insignificant dwarf of a meeting-house, sinking up to its knees in a
+narrow lane, and looking as blank as a wall, with a trap-door of a
+mouth, and a grating cast of eye. How yonder bridegroom, just cemented
+in an alliance that will not last out his lease of life, "spick and
+span new," all eyes, and a double row of buttons ornamenting his
+latticed waistcoat, looks at his adored opposite, who holds her
+Venetian parasol--sun shade--before her face, glowing like a red brick
+wall in the sun. Ah! his regards are attracted by a modest little
+nymph of the grove, seated snugly in a sylvan recess, her pretty white
+cheeks peeping out beneath the tresses of honeysuckle and woodbine
+that veil her beauty. Well, _railing_ is in this case allowable, for
+see that brazen front of maiden sixty, guiltless of curls, with a huge
+structure of bonnet cocked straight at the top of her head, like the
+roof of a market-house, and her broad, square skirts of faded green,
+deformed by formal knots of yew and holly. Look with what a blushless
+face of triumph she eyes her poor tottering neighbour opposite, who
+never appears destined "to suffer a recovery." Oh, 'tis remorseless!
+But look down that vista of charity children in slate coloured Quaker
+bonnets, stuck one against the other in drab, like pins in a paper,
+but not so bright; are they going to stand there for ever, with their
+governess at their head, looking as smug and fubsy as the squat house
+at the end? Why 'tis--street!--Look at the pump at the other end, that
+might pass for an abridgment of a parish clerk--and see, there comes
+stalking across the Green the parish beadle, with a great white
+placard in his hat--you might well mistake him for Alderman ----'s
+monument in red brick with the marble tablet on the top of it. Ah! my
+pretty rustic--why your straw hat and brown stuff frock, with white
+bib, and that gay flowered apron, with the sprig of jessamine stuck
+at your side--you look so homely and comely beneath the shade of that
+tall oak, that I could fancy you were only the shepherd's cottage
+at the corner of the grange. Bless me--here's a modern antique,
+masquerading in the country!--why a village belle of queen Bess' days,
+looking as new and as fresh as the young 'squire's lodge, fresh out
+of the hands of his fancy architect. More mummery! why this gentleman
+looks as fine and as foolish in his affectation of rugged points and
+quaint angles, as a staring, white-washed, Gothic villa with the paint
+not yet dry. Oh! there is certainly no denying that thou art the
+primest of Quakers, Mr. Chapel, one that will not countenance a
+_belle_, but lookest right onward in smooth and demure solidity, with
+that strip of white path in front of thy brown gravel waistcoat, and
+the ample skirts of thy road-coloured surtout; not so your neighbour
+Sturdy, him with his chimney like an ink bottle, upright in his
+button hole, and his pen-like poplar in his hand; he is equally
+uncompromising, but looks with an eye of stern regard upon that gay
+sprig of myrtle with his roof of a hat, jauntily clapped on one side,
+and a towering charming feather, streaming like smoke in the breeze.
+But whither have my vagaries led me--here I am once more in the
+dullest of dull country towns, over which strides the gouty old dean,
+like a Gothic arch across a cathedral city; and see how the wealthy
+innkeeper dangles his broad medal (sign of his having been in the
+yeomanry) that swings to the wind like the banner of his troop--how
+contemptuously he eyes that solid looking overseer, the workhouse,
+with his right and lefthand men the executioners of the law--Stocks
+and Cage--oh! turn away--there is that villanous cross barred gripe
+the Jail--enough, enough, indeed.
+
+LAVATERIELLO.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+MANNERS & CUSTOMS OF ALL NATIONS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+CURIOUS CEREMONY OF DRIVING DEER THROUGH THE WATER (FORMERLY
+PRACTISED) IN LYME PARK, CHESHIRE.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+Ormerod, in his splendid _History of Cheshire_, says, "The park of
+Lyme, which is very extensive, is celebrated for the fine flavour of
+its venison, and contains a herd of wild cattle, the remains of a
+breed which has been kept here from time immemorial, and is supposed
+indigenous. In the last century a custom was observed here of driving
+the deer round the park about Midsummer, or rather earlier, collecting
+them in a body before the house, and then swimming them through a pool
+of water, with which the exhibition terminated." There is a large
+print of it by Vivares, after a painting by T. Smith, representing
+Lyme Park during the performance of the annual ceremony, with the
+great Vale of Cheshire and Lancashire, as far as the Rivington Hills
+in the distance, and in the foreground the great body of the deer
+passing through the pool, the last just entering it, and the old stags
+emerging on the opposite bank, two of which are contending with their
+fore-feet, the horns at that season being too tender to combat with.
+This "art of driving the deer" like a herd of ordinary cattle, is
+stated on a monument, at Disley, to have been first perfected by
+Joseph Watson, who died in 1753, at the age of 104, "having been
+park-keeper at Lyme more than sixty-four years." The custom, however,
+appears not to have been peculiar to Lyme, as Dr. Whitaker describes,
+in his _Account of Townley_, (the seat of a collateral line of Legh,)
+"near the summit of the park, and where it declines to the south, the
+remains of a large pool, through which tradition reports that the deer
+were driven by their keepers in the manner still practised in the park
+at Lyme."[8]
+
+Lyme Park is situated near the road from Manchester to London, through
+Buxton, adjacent to the picturesque village of Disley.
+
+Lyme Hall is the seat of the principal of the ancient family of Leghs.
+Perkins _à Legh_, a Norman, who was buried in Macclesfield Church,
+rendered considerable services in the battle of Cressy, for which he
+was presented with the estate and lordship of Lyme. The building is,
+in part, of the date of Elizabeth; and the other a regular structure,
+from a design of Leoni.
+
+P.T.W.
+
+    [8] History of Whalley.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+STANNARY PARLIAMENT.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+In the Forest of Dartmoor, Devonshire, between Tavistock and Chegford,
+is a high hill, called Crocken Tor, where the tinners of this county
+are obliged by their charter to assemble their parliaments, or the
+jurats who are commonly gentlemen within the jurisdiction, chosen
+from the four stannary courts of coinage in this county, of which the
+lord-warden is judge. The jurats being met to the number sometimes of
+two or three hundred, in this desolate place, are quite exposed to the
+weather and have no other place to sit upon but a moor-stone bench,
+and no refreshments but what they bring with them; for this reason the
+steward immediately adjourns the court to Tavistock, or some other
+stannary town.
+
+HALBERT H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+DOWRUCK.
+
+
+In different parts of the North of England it is customary for the
+labouring men to come before their masters at the close of their
+_dowruck_ (day's work,) and inform him of their labours; the number of
+hours their work took them are cut in notches upon an ash stick, and
+at the end of the week when the men are paid, the stick is produced,
+which immediately shows what each man is entitled to.
+
+W.H.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FAITOUR LANE,
+
+
+Or as it is now called, Fetter Lane, is a term used by Chaucer, for an
+idle fellow. The propriety of its denomination is indisputable.
+
+W.H.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ROBIN HOOD.
+
+
+At Brough Sowerby, in Westmoreland, is an ale-house bearing the sign
+of Robin Hood, with the following lines beneath it:--
+
+
+  "Good frinds, good frinds, my ale is good.
+  It is the sign of Robin Hood,
+  If Robin Hood be not at hoame,
+  Step in and drink with Littel Johne."
+
+W.H.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+JACK OF HILTON, THE BRAZEN IMAGE, ALIAS AN AEOLIPILE.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+Dr. Plot, in his _History of Staffordshire_, says, "The following
+service is due from the Lord of Essington, in Staffordshire, to the
+Lord of Hilton, about a mile distant, viz. that the Lord of the Manor
+of Essington, shall bring a goose every New year's day, and drive it
+round the fire in the hall at Hilton, at least three times, whilst
+_Jack of Hilton_ is blowing the fire. Now Jack of Hilton is a little
+hollow image of brass, of about twelve inches high, kneeling upon his
+left knee, and holding his right hand upon his head, having a little
+hole in the place of the mouth, about the bigness of a great pin's
+head, and another in the back about two-thirds of an inch diameter, at
+which last hole it is filled with water, it holding about four pints
+and a quarter, which when set to a strong fire, evaporates after the
+same manner as in an _Aeolipile_, and vents itself at the smaller hole
+at the mouth in a constant blast, blowing the fire so strongly that it
+is very audible, and makes a sensible impression on that part of the
+fire where the blast lights, as I found by experience, May 26, 1680.
+After the Lord of Essington, or his deputy, or bayliffe, has driven
+the goose round the fire (at least three times) whilst this image
+blows it, he carries it into the kitchen of Hilton Hall, and delivers
+it to the cook, who having dressed it, the Lord of Essington, or his
+bayliffe, by way of further service, brings it to the table of the
+Lord paramount of Hilton and Essington, and receives a dish of meat
+from the said Lord of Hilton's table, for his own mess."
+
+The Aeolipile, in hydraulics, is an instrument consisting of a hollow
+metallic ball, with a slender neck or pipe, arising from it. This
+being filled with water, and thus exposed to the fire, produces a
+vehement blast of wind.
+
+This instrument, Des Cartes and others, have made use of, to account
+for the natural cause and generation of wind; and hence its name,
+Aeolipile, _pila Aeoli_, Aeolus's ball.
+
+In Italy it is said that the Aeolipile is commonly made use of to cure
+smoky chimneys; for being hung over the fire, the blast arising from
+it carries up the loitering smoke along with it. This instrument was
+known to the ancients, and is mentioned by Vitruvius.
+
+Some late authors have discovered the extraordinary use to which the
+frauds of the heathen priesthood applied the Aeolipile, viz. the
+working of sham miracles. Besides _Jack of Hilton_, which had been
+an ancient Saxon, image, or idol, Mr. Weber shows, that _Pluster_, a
+celebrated German idol, is also of the Aeolipile kind, and in virtue
+thereof, could do noble feats: being filled with a fluid, and then
+set on the fire, it would be covered with sweat, and as the heat
+increased, would at length burst out into flames.
+
+An Aeolipile of great antiquity, made of brass, was some years since
+dug up on the site of the Basingstoke Canal, and presented to the
+Antiquarian Society of London. Instead of being globular, with a bent
+tube, it is in the form of a grotesque human figure, and the blast
+proceeds from its mouth.
+
+P.T.W.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ORIGIN OF WEARING THE VEIL.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+The origin of the veil is referred by the Greeks to modesty and
+bashfulness.
+
+About thirty furlongs from the city of Sparta, Icarius placed a
+statue of MODESTY, for the purpose of perpetuating the following
+incident:--Icarius having married his daughter to Ulysses, solicited
+his son-in-law to fix his household in Sparta, and remain there with
+his wife, to which Ulysses would not consent.
+
+Icarius made the request to his daughter, conjuring her not to abandon
+him, but seeing her ready to depart with Ulysses, for Ithaca, he
+redoubled his efforts to detain her, nor could he be prevailed on to
+desist from following the chariot on the way.
+
+Ulysses wearied with the importunities of Icarius, said to his wife,
+"_You_ can best answer this request; it is yours to determine whether
+you will remain with your father at Sparta, or depart with your
+husband for Ithaca; you are mistress of the decision."
+
+The beautiful Penelope finding herself in this dilemma, blushed, and
+without making the least reply, drew her veil over her face, thereby
+intimating a denial to her father's request, and sunk into the arms of
+her husband.
+
+Icarius, very sensibly affected by this behaviour, and being desirous
+of transmitting it to posterity by the most durable monument,
+consecrated a statue to Modesty, on the very spot where Penelope had
+thrown the veil over her face; that after her it might be a universal
+symbol of delicacy among the fair sex.
+
+C.K.W.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The manners of the Welsh must have been even less delicate than those
+of the Anglo-Saxons; for they thought it necessary to make a law,
+"that none of the courtiers should give the queen a blow, or snatch
+any thing with violence from her, under the penalty of incurring her
+majesty's displeasure."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FUNERAL OF A BURMESE PRIEST.
+
+
+The funeral pile, in this case, is a car on wheels; and the body is
+blown away, from a huge wooden cannon or mortar, with the purpose, I
+believe, of conveying the soul more rapidly to heaven! Immense crowds
+are collected on occasions of these funerals, which, far from being
+conducted with mourning or solemnity, are occasions of rude mirth and
+boisterous rejoicing. Ropes are attached to each extremity of the car,
+and pulled in opposite directions by adverse parties; one of these
+being for consuming the body, the other for opposing it. The
+latter are at length overcome, fire is set to the pile amidst loud
+acclamations, and the ceremony is consummated.--_Crawford's Embassy to
+Ava_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PLAN FOR A NEW CITY.
+
+
+[Illustration: Plan For A New City]
+
+(_To the Editor of The Mirror_.)
+
+
+The various ages, interests, and tastes which govern the progressive
+growth of cities, seem to be irremediable causes of the irregularity
+and inconvenience of their final formations or plans--and until this
+illustrious age of magnanimous projects and improvements, it would
+have been thought ridiculous to offer any radical expedient for a
+general improvement in the plans of cities; but _now_ that we see
+_new_ cities growing round the metropolis, and new towns planned for
+the distant dominions of Great Britain, it seems to be a convenient
+season for explaining my notions respecting the general plan of a
+city, with regard _only to the directions of the streets_, which after
+the repeated consideration of fifty years, I have concluded may, and
+ought to be, all straight streets, from _every extremity_, to the
+opposite, whatever be the form of the _outermost_ boundary of the city
+or town.--These _conclusions_ would most probably have passed off in
+silence, but for an accidental fancy arising in my mind, on reading
+lately in the Psalms, "_Jerusalem is a city that is in unity with
+itself_." This text awakened my dormant ideas on the proper formation
+of streets, and anticipating the reunion of the Jews, I began the
+accompanying sketch for a "_Holy City_," or "_a New Jerusalem_," which
+accounts for the twelve gates according with the original number of
+the tribes of Israel, and the ten streets which diverge from each gate
+are symbolic of the Ten Commandments, wherein they were commanded to
+walk; the twelve circular areas I thought to be properly dedicated to
+the Twelve Apostles of Christianity, under the idea that when the
+Jews are again called together it will be under the new covenant of
+Christianity, so that nothing could (in that case) be more appropriate
+than placing the original propagators of it where so many paths led
+towards them--and after fixing the place of public worship in the
+centre, my orthodoxy ceased to affect my scheme, for want of that
+technical knowledge which further detail would require--and having
+accomplished my favourite determination of planning a town without
+winding streets or crooked lanes. I offer it to the MIRROR as an
+amusing novelty for the entertainment of its numerous readers. I think
+it would be not inappropriate to call it the Royal City of _Victoria_.
+
+CHARLES MATTER.
+
+(To the ingenious designer of the annexed sketch, we are likewise
+indebted for the Plan for a Maze, in our Vol. vii. page 233. Mr. H.
+very pertinently observes to us "imagine what would have been said of
+this plan for a city, had Belzoni or Buckingham found exactly such a
+one in Assyria or Egypt,--of antique date?")
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE SELECTOR; AND LITERARY NOTICES OF NEW WORKS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+NEW EDITION OF THE WAVERLEY NOVELS.
+
+
+It is rather late in the day to speak of what is technically termed
+the "getting-up" of this elegant edition of the most popular works of
+our time. There are now three volumes published--_Waverley_, in two
+vols. and one vol. or half of _Guy Mannering_. Each of the
+former contains upwards of 400 pages, and the latter nearly that
+number--beautifully printed in what we call a very inviting type, on
+excellent paper, of rich colour, and not too garish for the eye of
+the reader. The engravings to _Waverley_ are by Graves, C. Rolls,
+and Raddon, after E.P. and J. Stephanoff, Newton, and Landseer--a
+frontispiece and plate title page and vignette to each volume. To our
+taste the vignettes are exquisite--one by Landseer, _David Gellatley,
+with Ban and Buscar_, is extremely beautiful. The illustrations to the
+volume of _Guy Mannering_ are by Duncan, and C.G. Cooke, after Leslie
+and Kidd. The volumes are in substantial canvass binding. Their low
+price, a crown a-piece, is the marvel of bookselling, for were they
+only reprints without copyright, they would be unprecedentedly cheap.
+The whole series will extend to forty volumes, to be published in
+three years, and will cost ten pounds. Fifteen-pence a week for the
+above term will thus provide a family with one of the most elegant
+drawing-room libraries that can be desired. They will about occupy
+three _cheffonier_ shelves;--or what delightful volumes for fire-side
+shelves, or a "little book-room," or a breakfast parlour opening on
+a carpet of lawn--or to read by the hour, with a golden-haired
+lady-friend, and chat awhile, and then turn to the most attractive
+scenes in the novel, while we ourselves are perhaps enacting the hero
+in a romance of real life. Few novels admit of a second reading;
+but the _Waverley_ series will never lose their attraction--and to
+remember when and where, and with whom you first read each of them,
+may perhaps revive many pleasantries.
+
+Of the literary Notes and emendations of the present edition, we have
+already expressed our opinion by the selection of several of them for
+the pages of the MIRROR; and in the progress of the publication, we
+shall endeavour to award similar justice to each of the works.
+
+In the _Athenaeum_, of August 5, the presumed profit on the whole
+edition is estimated at £100,000.! The calculation of the sale of
+12,000 of each work is a reasonable one, and splendid as, in that
+case, the reward will be, the reading-public will be the gainers.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE FAMILY LIBRARY.
+
+_HISTORY OF THE JEWS._
+
+
+We scarcely know how to do justice to the high character of the series
+of volumes now publishing under this denomination. In printing and
+embellishment they take the lead of the Periodical Works of our day,
+(and some of these are extremely beautiful,) while their literary
+worth is even of superior order. Although they are matter-of-fact
+works--as in history and biography--they are not mere compilations of
+dry details and uninteresting lives; but they are so interspersed with
+new views, and the facts are so often re-written, that the whole have
+the appearance of original works. Excellent principles, and economy of
+cost are, likewise, two important points of their recommendations; for
+many works which have already appeared on the same subjects, have
+been deformed by party spirit, and written to serve a sect, or are
+so expensive as to be purchaseable only by the wealthy ranks, and
+scarcely accessible by the middle classes of society; whereas the
+Family Library is published at a rate within the reach of two-thirds
+of the reading public, who may therefore possess what they read,
+and appreciate the value of these volumes as works of reference and
+authority.
+
+The division of the series which has called forth this notice, is No.
+5, or the first volume of the _History of the Jews_, to be completed
+in three volumes, by the Rev. H.H. Milman, Professor of Poetry at
+Oxford, and the author of the splendid poem--The Fall of Jerusalem;
+and judging by the portion before us, this work will form one of the
+most attractive in the whole series. In proof of this it would be easy
+to select many passages which are beautifully picturesque; a few,
+however, will suffice:
+
+"The Jews, without reference to their religious belief, are among
+the most remarkable people in the annals of mankind. Sprung from one
+stock, they pass the infancy of their nation in a state of servitude
+in a foreign country, where, nevertheless, they increase so rapidly,
+as to appear on a sudden the fierce and irresistible conquerors of
+their native valleys in Palestine. There they settle down under a form
+of government and code of laws totally unlike those of any other rude
+or civilized community. They sustain a long and doubtful conflict,
+sometimes enslaved, sometimes victorious, with the neighbouring
+tribes. At length, united under one monarchy, they gradually rise to
+the rank of a powerful, opulent, and commercial people. Subsequently
+weakened by internal discord, they are overwhelmed by the vast
+monarchies which arose on the banks of the Euphrates, and transplanted
+into a foreign region. They are partially restored, by the generosity
+or policy of the Eastern sovereigns, to their native land. They are
+engaged in wars of the most romantic gallantry, in assertion of their
+independence, against the Syro-Grecian successors of Alexander. Under
+Herod, they rise to a second era of splendour, as a dependent kingdom
+of Rome: finally, they make the last desperate resistance to the
+universal dominion of the Caesars. Scattered from that period over
+the face of the earth--hated, scorned, and oppressed, they subsist,
+a numerous and often a thriving people; and in all the changes of
+manners and opinions retain their ancient institutions, their national
+character, and their indelible hope of restoration to grandeur and
+happiness in their native land. Thus the history of this, perhaps
+the only unmingled race, which can boast of high antiquity, leads us
+through every gradation of society and brings us into contact with
+almost every nation which commands our interest in the ancient world;
+the migratory pastoral population of Asia; Egypt, the mysterious
+parent of arts, science, and legislation; the Arabian Desert; the
+Hebrew theocracy under the form of a federative agricultural republic,
+their kingdom powerful in war and splendid in peace; Babylon, in its
+magnificence and downfall; Grecian arts and luxury endeavouring to
+force an unnatural refinement within the pale of the rigid Mosaic
+institutions; Roman arms waging an exterminating war with the
+independence even of the smallest states; it descends, at length, to
+all the changes in the social state of the modern European and Asiatic
+nations."
+
+At page 32, there is an interesting picture of the state of society in
+Patriarchal times--the whole of the life of Moses is extremely well
+written--the description of the Plague is indeed terrific--and the
+death and character of the Prophet drawn with a masterly and vigorous
+hand. The reigns of David and Solomon, as might be expected, are
+magnificently told. Among the picturesque sketches none exceed the--
+
+DESCRIPTION OF PALESTINE.
+
+"It is almost impossible to calculate with accuracy the area of a
+country, the frontier of which is irregular on every side. Lowman has
+given three different estimates of the extent of territory occupied
+by the twelve tribes, the mean between the two extremes approaches
+probably the nearest to the truth. According to this computation, the
+Jewish dominion, at the time of the Division, was 180 miles long, by
+130 wide, and contained 14,976,000 acres. This quantity of land
+will divide to 600,000 men, about 21-1/2 acres in property, with a
+remainder of 1,976,000 acres for the Levitical cities, the princes of
+tribes, the heads of families, and other public uses. Assuming this
+estate of 21-1/2 acres, assigned to each household, of course a
+larger proportion of pasture must have been given to those tribes who
+subsisted on their herds and flocks, than of arable to those who
+lived by tillage, the portions of the latter, therefore, must be
+considerably reduced. On the other hand, the extraordinary fertility
+of the whole country must be taken into the account. No part was
+waste; very little was occupied by unprofitable wood; the more fertile
+hills were cultivated in artificial terraces, others were hung with
+orchards of fruit trees; the more rocky and barren districts were
+covered with vineyards. Even in the present day, the wars and
+misgovernment of ages have not exhausted the natural richness of the
+soil. Galilee, says Malte Brun, would be a paradise were it inhabited
+by an industrious people, under an enlightened government. No land
+could be less dependent on foreign importation; it bore within itself
+every thing that could be necessary for the subsistence and comfort
+of a simple agricultural people. The climate was healthy, the seasons
+regular; the former rains, which fell about October, after the
+vintage, prepared the ground for the seed; the latter, which prevailed
+during March and the beginning of April, made it grow rapidly.
+Directly the rains ceased, the grain ripened with still greater
+rapidity, and was gathered in before the end of May. The summer months
+were dry and very hot, but the nights cool and refreshed by copious
+dews. In September, the vintage was gathered. Grain of all kinds,
+wheat, barley, millet, zea, and other sorts, grew in abundance; the
+wheat commonly yielded thirty for one. Besides the vine and the
+olive, the almond, the date, figs of many kinds, the orange, the
+pomegranates, and many other fruit-trees, flourished in the greatest
+luxuriance. Great quantity of honey was collected. The balm tree,
+which produced the opobalsamum, a great object of trade, was probably
+introduced from Arabia in the time of Solomon. It nourished about
+Jericho and in Gilead."
+
+This is but a portion of the sketch. The wealth and commerce of the
+country is thus told:
+
+"The only public revenue of the Hebrew commonwealth was that of the
+sacred treasury, the only public expenditure that of the religious
+worship. This was supported by a portion of the spoils taken in war;
+the first fruits, which in their institution were no more than could
+be carried in a basket, at a later period were rated to be one part in
+sixty; the redemption of the first born, and of whatever was vowed to
+the Lord. Almost every thing of the last class might be commuted for
+money according to a fixed scale. The different annual festivals were
+well calculated to promote internal commerce: maritime or foreign
+trade, is scarcely mentioned in the law, excepting in two obscure
+prophetic intimations of advantages, which the tribes of Dan and
+Zebulun were to derive from their maritime situation. On this subject
+the lawgiver could have learned nothing in Egypt. The commerce of that
+country was confined to the inland caravan trade. The Egyptians hated
+or dreaded the sea, which they considered either the dwelling of the
+evil principle, or the evil principle itself. At all events, the
+Hebrews at this period were either blind to the maritime advantages of
+their situation, or unable to profit by them. The ports were the last
+places they conquered. Sidon, if indeed within their boundary, never
+lost its independence; Tyre, if it existed, was a town too obscure to
+be named; Ecdippa and Acco remained in the power of the Canaanites;
+Joppa is not mentioned as a port till much later. The manufactures of
+the people supplied their own wants; they brought from Egypt the arts
+of weaving woollens and linens, stuffs made of fine goats' hair, and
+probably cotton; of dying in various colours, and bleaching, and of
+embroidering; of many kinds of carpenter's work; of building, some
+of the rules of which were regulated by law; of making earthenware
+vessels; of working in iron, brass, and the precious metals, both
+casting them and forming them with the tool; of gilding, engraving
+seals, and various other kinds of ornamental work, which were
+employed in the construction of the altars and sacred vessels of the
+Tabernacle."
+
+Among the illustrative passages we notice the following exquisite
+paragraph on the--
+
+HEBREW POETS.
+
+"THE three most eminent men in the Hebrew annals, Moses, David, and
+Solomon, were three of their most distinguished poets. The hymns of
+David excel no less in sublimity and tenderness of expression than in
+loftiness and purity of religious sentiment. In comparison with them
+the sacred poetry of all other nations sinks into mediocrity. They
+have embodied so exquisitely the universal language of religious
+emotion, that (a few fierce and vindictive passages excepted, natural
+in the warrior-poet of a sterner age,) they have entered with
+unquestioned propriety into the ritual of the holier and more perfect
+religion of Christ. The songs which cheered the solitude of the desert
+caves of Engedi, or resounded from the voice of the Hebrew people as
+they wound along the glens or the hill-sides of Judaea, have been
+repeated for ages in almost every part of the habitable world, in the
+remotest islands of the ocean, among the forests of America or the
+sands of Africa. How many human hearts have they softened, purified,
+exalted!--of how many wretched beings have they been the secret
+consolation!--on how many communities have they drawn down the
+blessings of Divine Providence, by bringing the affections into unison
+with their deep, devotional fervour."
+
+The present volume extends from the time of Abraham to the Babylonian
+Captivity. It is illustrated with three excellent maps, and a few wood
+cuts; but we are convinced that we need add nothing further of its
+contents to recommend the _History of the Jews_ to the attention of
+our readers; for it is one of the most splendid and fascinating works
+in our recollection.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+LIBRARY OF ENTERTAINING KNOWLEDGE.
+
+
+The Fourth Part of this well-arranged publication, is "_The Pursuit of
+Knowledge under difficulties illustrated by Anecdotes_." The matter
+is judiciously divided into chapters, as "Strength of the Passion for
+Knowledge--Humble Station no Obstacle--Obscure Origin--Artists rising
+from the lower to the higher classes--Late Learners--Early Age
+of Great Men--Self-educated Men--Literary Pursuits of
+Soldiers--Merchants, Booksellers, and Printers." All these heads are
+illustrated by anecdotes--some of them well known, others drawn
+from uncommon sources--and all replete with useful information, and
+furnishing an exhaustless store of entertainment. Such a volume is,
+indeed, _a book for the people_, and will do more towards the spread
+of knowledge, and the excitement of those engaged in its pursuit, than
+scores of fine-spun theories cramped up with technicalities. For young
+people we consider this book a real treasure; since the examples
+selected are not those of men who became intoxicated with their
+success, or gave up useful occupation for mere elegant literature or
+experimental knowledge; but the instances are chiefly of such as have
+turned their genius to good account, or for the benefit of themselves
+and their fellow men. We call such men the _honourables of the land_,
+whose examples should be written in letters of gold, and on monuments
+of marble, as helps to social duties and for the imitation of after
+times.
+
+We have marked for our next number a few extracts which will be
+interesting to our readers to explain the mode by which the heads of a
+chapter are illustrated. The biographettes of John Hunter, Simpson, J.
+Stone, and Fergusson, and the introductory illustrations of Newton,
+are the most striking portions of the volume; and they maybe read and
+re-read with increasing advantage. Of Hunter and Fergusson there are
+good portraits.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF DISCOVERY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+_Block Machinery._
+
+
+Mr. Faraday has lately described at the Royal Institution, Brunel's
+Block Machinery at Portsmouth, with a set of magnificent models of
+this admirable invention, which were lent to the Society by the
+Navy Board. They consist of eight separate machines, which work in
+succession, so as to begin and finish off a two-sheaved block four
+inches in length. These were put by Messrs. Maudsley and Field's men
+(who made them) into such communication and action, as to perform the
+set of operations in the most perfect manner.
+
+Mr. F. briefly stated that the Block Machinery of Portsmouth, by
+adjustments, could manufacture blocks of 100 different sizes--could
+with thirty men make 100 per hour; and from the time of its completion
+in 1804-5 to the present day, had required no repairs from Maudsley,
+the original manufacturer. The total cost was given at 46,000 _l_.,
+and the saving per annum in time of war 25,000 _l_. This is a paragon
+of art which we could see again and again.
+
+
+_Enameled Street Names._
+
+The names of the Streets in Paris have been recently put up on
+enameled plates; the ground being blue, and the letters white. The
+substance on which the enameling is performed is lava in slabs; the
+same substance has since been used as the basis of certain enameled
+designs; it is much superior in some points to porcelain in this
+application, because the necessary exposure to fire does not cause it
+to crack in the manner that porcelain does.--_From the French_.
+
+
+_Preservation of Wine Must._
+
+Charcoal was added to grape must, in the proportion of 100 grains to a
+litre (2.1 pints), or if very much inclined to ferment, more
+charcoal was used. When the liquid had settled, and become clear and
+colourless, it was removed from the charcoal, and put into bottles
+or casks, to be closed up, and preserved. It will not enter into
+fermentation, even in close vessels; for the charcoal has absorbed
+the ferment. Nevertheless, the ferment has not lost its powers by
+combination with the carbon; for, if left in the must, the latter
+begins to ferment, but only where in contact with the former.--_From
+the French_.
+
+
+_Weevils in Granaries._
+
+Wash the floor and sides of the granary with a mixture of urine and
+water before the corn is stored up; this washing is to be repeated
+several times, the walls and floors of the granary being well swept
+between each operation.--_From the French_.
+
+
+_French Eggs and Apples._
+
+In the year 1827 there were 63,109,618 hen's eggs, and 14,182 bushels
+of apples imported from France into England.
+
+
+_Enlargement of Artichokes._
+
+The gardeners in the south of France increase the size of artichokes
+by splitting the stem into four at the base of the receptacle, and
+introducing two small sticks in the form of a cross. This operation
+should not be made until the stem has attained the height it ought to
+have.--_From the French_.
+
+
+_Preservation of Potatoes._
+
+Potatoes at the depth of one foot in the ground, produce shoots near
+the end of spring; at the depth of two feet they appear in the middle
+of summer; at three feet they are very short, and never come to the
+surface; and between three and five feet they cease to vegetate. In
+consequence of observing these effects several parcels of potatoes
+were buried in a garden at the depth of three and a half feet, and
+were not removed. until after an interval of one or two years. They
+were then found without, any shoots, and possessing their original
+freshness, firmness, goodness, and taste. _From the French_.
+
+
+_Leeches._
+
+It is well known that atmospheric changes have a remarkable influence
+upon leeches. In 1825, M. Derheim, of St. Omer, ascribes the almost
+sudden death of them at the approach of, or during storms, to the
+coagulation of the blood of these creatures, caused by the impression
+of the atmospheric electricity.--_From the French_.
+
+
+_Carpenter's Microscope._
+
+Mr. Carpenter's achromatic solar microscope has now a white circular
+area of nine feet in diameter, to receive the images of the objects
+upon, some of which are magnified to the enormous size of upwards of
+eight feet in length!
+
+Mr. Carpenter's lucernal microscopes are now arranged in a kind of
+temple, placed in the middle of a room, and illuminated by the light
+of one powerful Argand lamp, so as to be independent of all natural
+light; thus, in all seasons, even in cloudy weather, the objects are
+as brilliantly displayed as they could be last year when the sun
+shone.--_Gill's Repository_.
+
+
+_Beet Root Sugar._
+
+There are now in France upwards of one hundred manufactories of beet
+root sugar, from which were produced last year upwards of 5,000 tons
+of sugar, worth 60 _l._ per ton, or 300,000 _l_.; the profit of which
+is estimated at 15 _l._ an acre; but, says one of the manufacturers,
+the process may be so far improved, that sugar will be made in France
+from the beet root at 30 _l._ per ton, which will increase the profit
+to 24 _l._ an acre. A writer in the _Quarterly Journal of Agriculture_
+observes that "it is difficult to conceive that one half of the sugar
+consumed in Great Britain, or in all Europe, will not, in a few years,
+be home-made beet root sugar."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LORD BYRON AND SIR WALTER SCOTT AT WATERLOO.
+
+_By a Sexagenarian._
+
+
+In his transit to Italy in August, 1816, Lord Byron visited Brussels
+(where I was residing) accompanied by Dr. Polidori. The moment I heard
+of his arrival, I waited on him, and was received with the greatest
+cordiality and kindness.
+
+As he proposed visiting Waterloo on the following morning, I offered
+my services as his cicerone, which were graciously accepted, and we
+set out at an early hour, accompanied by his _compagnon de voyage_.
+The weather was propitious, but the poet's spirits seemed depressed,
+and we passed through the gloomy forest of Soignies without much
+conversation. As the plan of the inspection of the field had been left
+to me, I ordered our postilion to drive to Mont St. Jean, without
+stopping at Waterloo. We got out at the monuments. Lord Byron gazed
+about for five minutes without uttering a syllable; at last, turning
+to me, he said--"I am not disappointed. I have seen the plains of
+Marathon, and these are as fine. Can you tell me," he continued,
+"where Picton fell? because I have heard that my friend Howard was
+killed at his side, and nearly at the same moment."
+
+The spot was well known, and I pointed with my finger to some trees
+near it, at the distance of one hundred and fifty yards: we walked to
+the spot. "Howard," said his lordship, with a sigh, "was my relation
+and dear friend; but we quarrelled, and I was in the wrong; we were,
+however, reconciled, at which I now rejoice." He spoke these words
+with great feeling, and we returned to examine the monument of Sir
+Alexander Gordon, a broken column, on which he made some criticisms,
+bestowing great praise on the fraternal affection of his brother, who
+had erected it. He did not seem much interested about the positions of
+the troops, which I pointed out to him; and we got into our carriage,
+and drove to the Château Goumont, the poet remaining silent, pensive,
+and in a musing mood, which I took care not to interrupt.
+
+The gallant defence of this post seemed to interest him more, and
+I recapitulated all the particulars I knew of the attack. From the
+bravery displayed by the handful of troops (the Guards) who defended
+it, it has acquired its reputation. Though they were reinforced
+more than once, the number never exceeded twelve hundred; and
+notwithstanding the enemy having, by battering down the gate of the
+farmyard, and setting fire to the straw in it, got possession of the
+outer works, in the evening attack, they could make no impression on
+the strong hold, the garden--
+
+
+  "Whose close pleach'd walks and bowers have been
+  The deadly marksman's lurking screen."
+
+
+They reaped no advantage by these assaults; on the contrary, they
+sacrificed a great many brave men without any purpose. It was a most
+important post; for had they succeeded in getting possession of it,
+and driving out our troops, their guns would have enfiladed us, and
+we should have been obliged to change our front. The pompous title
+of _château_ gives a little additional importance to this position,
+though it is only a miserable dwelling of two stories, somewhat
+resembling the habitations of our _Bonnet Lairds_ about the beginning
+of the last century. The area of the house is about two Scotch acres,
+including the garden. The clipped and shady walks have been long since
+cut down, which takes away much interest from it; and the stupid
+Fleming to whom it belonged, cut down the young trees in front of it,
+because they had been wounded by the bullets, which he was informed
+"would cause them to bleed to death!" The nobleman who now possesses
+it, had, with better taste, repaired the château, and will not permit
+any alteration in its appearance.
+
+I asked Byron what he thought of Mr. Scott's "Field of Waterloo," just
+published--if it was fair to ask one poet his opinion of a living
+contemporary. "Oh," said he, "quite fair; besides, there is not much
+subject for criticism in this hasty sketch. The reviewers call it a
+_falling off_; but I am sure there is no poet living who could have
+written so many good lines on so meagre a subject, in so short a time.
+Scott," he added, "is a fine poet, and a most amiable man. We are
+great friends. As a prose writer, he has no rival; and has not been
+approached since Cervantes, in depicting manners. His tales are my
+constant companions. It is highly absurd his denying, what every one
+that knows him believes, his being the author of these admirable
+works. Yet no man is obliged to give his name to the public, except he
+chooses so to do; and Scott is not likely to be compelled by the law,
+for he does not write libels, nor a line of which he may be ashamed."
+He said a great deal more in praise of his friend, for whom he had the
+highest respect and regard. "I wish," added the poet, with feeling,
+"it had been my good fortune to have had such a Mentor. No author," he
+observed, "had deserved more from the public, or has been so liberally
+rewarded. Poor Milton got only 15_l._ for his 'Paradise Lost,' while
+a modern poet has as much for a stanza." I know not if he made any
+allusion to himself in this remark, but it has been said that Murray
+paid him that sum for every verse of "Childe Harold."
+
+Lord Byron, in reading aloud the stanzas of Mr. Scott,
+
+
+  "For high, and deathless is the name,
+  Oh Hougoinont, thy ruins claim!
+  The sound of Cressy none shall own,
+  And Agincourt shall be unknown,
+  And Blenheim be a nameless spot
+  Long ere thy glories are forgot," &c.
+
+
+he exclaimed, striking the page with his hand, "I'll be d----d if they
+will, Mr. Scott, be forgot!"
+
+
+SIR WALTER SCOTT.
+
+
+Sir Walter Scott visited Brussels about the middle of August, 1816,
+when I had the good fortune to meet him at the house of Sir Frederick
+Adam, who was prevented by a wound from joining his brigade, though he
+was able to do the duties of the small garrison there.
+
+Mr. Scott accepted my services to conduct him to Waterloo. The
+general's aid-de-camp was also of the party, Mr. Scott being
+accompanied by two friends, his fellow travellers. He made no secret
+of his having undertaken to write something on the battle; and he
+took the greater interest on this account in every thing that he saw.
+Besides, he had never seen a field of such a conflict; and never
+having been before on the Continent, it was all new to his
+comprehensive mind. The day was beautiful; and I had the precaution to
+send out a couple of saddle-horses, that he might not be fatigued
+in walking over the fields which had been recently ploughed up. The
+animal he rode was so quiet that he was much gratified, and had an
+opportunity of examining every spot of the positions of both armies;
+and seemed greatly delighted, especially with the Farm of Goumont,
+where he loitered a couple of hours. In our rounds we fell in with
+Monsieur Da Costar, with whom he got into conversation, though I had
+told him he was an impostor. But he had attracted so much notice by
+his pretended story of being about the person of Napoleon, that he was
+of too much importance to be passed by: I did not, indeed, know as
+much of this fellow's Charlatanism at that time as afterwards, when
+I saw him confronted with a blacksmith of La Belle Alliance, who had
+been his companion in a hiding-place, ten miles from the field, during
+the whole day; a fact which he could not deny. But he had got up a
+tale so plausible, and so profitable, that he could afford to bestow
+hush-money on the companion of his flight, so that the imposition was
+but little known, and strangers continued to be gulled. He had picked
+up a good deal of information about the positions and details of the
+battle, and being naturally a sagacious Wallon, and speaking French
+pretty fluently, he became the favourite _cicerone_, and every lie he
+told was taken for gospel. Year after year, until his death, in 1824,
+he continued his popularity, and raised the price of his rounds from a
+couple of francs to five; besides as much for the hire of a horse, his
+own property; for he pretended that the fatigue of walking so many
+hours was beyond his powers. It has been said, that in this way he
+realized every summer a couple of hundred Napoleons. It is surprising
+how any one could believe the story he told; for supposing that he had
+been seized upon by Napoleon, what use could such a vagabond be as a
+guide? What was he to show? The British army was staring the Emperor
+in the face at a mile distant. This _soi-disant_ hero could only be
+an incumbrance during the conflict, if his courage could have been
+screwed up to remain at Napoleon's side, as he pretended he had done,
+and that when he became panicstruck on the approach of the Prussians,
+he was rewarded for his services with a twenty-franc coin. He even
+pointed out the actual spot where he stood with the Emperor on the
+_chaussée_--heard him exclaim "Sauve qui peut!" and saw him mount his
+horse, and brush!--_facts_, which are become historical!
+
+When Sir Walter had examined every point of defence and attack we
+adjourned to the "Original Duke of Wellington," at Waterloo, to
+dinner, after the fatigues of the ride. Here he had a crowded levée of
+peasants, and collected a great many trophies, from cuirasses down to
+buttons and bullets. He picked up himself many little relics, and was
+fortunate in purchasing a grand cross of the legion of honour. But
+the most precious relic was presented to him by my wife--a French
+soldier's book, well stained with blood, and containing some poetical
+effusions, called "Troubadours," which he found so interesting that
+he translated them into English, and they were introduced into his
+"Paul's Letters;" on the publication of which he did her the honour of
+sending her a copy, with a most flattering letter, to say, "that he
+considered her gift as the most valuable of all his Waterloo relics."
+
+On our return from the field, he kindly passed the evening with us,
+and a few friends whom we invited to meet him. He charmed us with his
+delightful conversation, and was in great spirits from the agreeable
+day he had passed; and with great good humour promised to write a
+stanza in the lady's Album. The following morning he called to achieve
+this; and I put him into my little library, the door of which I locked
+to prevent interruption, as a great many of my friends had paraded in
+the _Parc_ opposite my window to get a peep of the celebrated man,
+many having dogged him from his hotel.
+
+Brussels affords but little worthy of the notice of such a traveller
+as the author of "Waverley;" but he greatly admired the splendid
+tower of the Maison de Ville, and the ancient sculpture and style of
+architecture of the buildings which surround the Grand Place.
+
+He told us, with great humour, a laughable incident which had occurred
+to him at Antwerp. The morning after his arrival at that city from
+Holland, he started at an early hour to visit the tomb of Rubens in
+the Church of St. Jacques, before his party were up. Having provided
+himself with a map of the city, he had no other guide; but after
+wandering about for an hour, without finding the object he had in
+view, he determined to make inquiry, and observing a person stalking
+about like himself, he addressed him, in his best French; but the
+stranger pulling off his hat, very respectfully replied, in the pure
+Highland accent, "I'm vary sorry, Sir, but I canna speak ony thing
+besides English."--"This is very unlucky indeed, Donald," said Mr.
+Scott, "but we must help one another; for, to tell you the truth,
+I'm not good at any other tongue but the English, or rather, the
+Scotch."--"Oh, Sir, maybe," replied the Highlander, "you are a
+countryman, and ken my maister, Captain Cameron, of the 79th, and
+could tell me where he lodges. I'm just cum in, Sir, frae a place they
+ca' _Machlin_, and ha forgotten the name of the captain's quarters; it
+was something like the _Laaborer_."--"I can, I think, help you with
+this, my friend," rejoined Mr. Scott. "There is an inn just opposite
+to you, (pointing to the _Hotel de Grand Laboreur_,) I dare say that
+will be the captain's quarters;" and so it was. I cannot do justice to
+the humour in which Mr. Scott recounted this dialogue.
+
+_New Monthly Magazine_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE GATHERER.
+
+
+  A snapper up of unconsidered trifles.
+SHAKSPEARE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SUPERSTITION.
+
+
+Catherine de Medicis, in order to be assured of the assistance of
+heaven in a certain project, vowed to send a pilgrim to Jerusalem,
+who should walk three feet forwards and one backwards all the way. A
+countryman of Picardy undertook the fulfilment of this vow, and having
+employed a whole year in the task, was rewarded with a title and a
+large sum of money.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The Romans deposed their Dictator, Minutius, and the general of their
+cavalry, Caius Flaminius, on the same day they had been elected,
+because one of the citizens of Rome had heard a mouse squeak.
+
+A.V.M.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NAPKINS.
+
+
+When Diego de Torres, the Spanish ambassador, in 1547, first dined
+with the Emperor of Morocco at his court, he was amused by the customs
+of the table; neither knives, forks, nor spoons, were provided; but
+each person helped himself with his fingers, and cleaned his hands
+with his tongue, excepting the emperor, who wiped the hand he took his
+meat up with on the head of a black boy, ten years old, who stood by
+his side. The ambassador smiled, and the emperor observing it, asked
+what Christian kings wiped their hands with at meals, and what such
+things were worth? "Fine napkins," replied the ambassador, "a clean
+one at every meal, worth a crown a piece or more." "Don't you think
+this napkin much better," said the emperor, wiping his hand again on
+the black boy's head, "which is worth seventy or eighty crowns."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+JUSTICE.
+
+
+"What is your fare, coachee," said a stout gentleman alighting from a
+hackney-coach.
+
+_Coachee_.--"One shilling, sir."
+
+_Gent_.--"One shilling! What an imposition for such a short distance."
+
+_Coachee_.--"I'll take my oath that is my fare."
+
+_Gent_.--"Will you? very well, I am a magistrate, proceed--(_Coachee
+is sworn_)--That will do, the shilling I shall keep for the
+affidavit."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Philip III. King of Spain, wept at an _Auto da Fé_, because he saw so
+many fellow creatures inhumanly tormented. This was thought by the
+Grand Inquisitor to be a great sin, and he terrified the king so much
+with his remonstrances, that Philip suffered himself to be bled, and
+the blood to be given to the common executioner, to be burnt at the
+next _Auto da Fé_, by way of penance.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+_Cobweb_ comes from the Dutch word _Kopwebbe_; and _Kop_ in that
+language signifies a spider.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+(S.I.B.'s interesting paper on the Birth of Edward VI. and Death of
+Queen Jane Seymour, did not reach us till our description of Hampton
+Court was ready for press: our Correspondent's contribution shall
+appear next week.)
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LIMBIRD'S EDITION OF THE FOLLOWING NOVELS IS ALREADY PUBLISHED:
+
+                                         s.    d.
+  Mackenzie's Man of Feeling             0     6
+  Paul and Virginia                      0     6
+  The Castle of Otranto                  0     6
+  Almoran and Hamet                      0     6
+  Elizabeth, or the Exiles of Siberia    0     6
+  The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne     0     6
+  Rasselas                               0     8
+  The Old English Baron                  0     8
+  Nature and Art                         0     8
+  Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield         0    10
+  Sicilian Romance                       1     0
+  The Man of the World                   1     0
+  A Simple Story                         1     4
+  Joseph Andrews                         1     6
+  Humphry Clinker                        1     8
+  The Romance of the Forest              1     8
+  The Italian                            2     0
+  Zeluco, by Dr. Moore                   2     6
+  Edward, by Dr. Moore                   2     6
+  Roderick Random                        2     6
+  The Mysteries of Udolpho               3     6
+  Peregrine Pickle                       4     6
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement,
+and Instruction, by Various
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11455 ***
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+<title>The Mirror of Literature, Issue 385.</title>
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+<body>
+<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11455 ***</div>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page97" id="page97"></a>[pg 97]</span>
+<h1>THE MIRROR<br />
+ OF<br />
+ LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.</h1>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<table width="100%" summary="Volume, Number, and Date">
+<tr>
+<td align="left"><b>VOL. XIV, NO. 385.]</b></td>
+<td align="center"><b>SATURDAY, AUGUST 15, 1829.</b></td>
+<td align="right"><b>[PRICE 2d.</b></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+<h2>HAMPTON COURT.</h2>
+
+<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"><a href=
+"images/385-1.png"><img width="100%" src="images/385-1.png" alt=
+"Hampton Court." /></a></div>
+
+<p>Here is a bird's-eye view of a royal palace and domain "cut out
+in little stars." It is copied from one of Kipp's Views in Great
+Britain in the time of Queen Anne, and affords a correct idea of
+Hampton Court in all its olden splendour.</p>
+
+<p>The palace is situated on the north bank of the Thames, two
+miles west from Kingston. It was magnificently built by Cardinal
+Wolsey. After he became possessed of the lease of the manor of
+Hampton, "he bestowed," says Stow, "great cost of building upon it,
+converting the mansion-house into so stately a palace, that it is
+said to have excited much envy; to avoid which, in the year 1526,
+he gave it to the king, who in recompense thereof licensed him to
+lie in his manor of Richmond at his pleasure; and so he lay there
+at certain times;" but it appears that Wolsey after this
+occasionally inhabited the palace (perhaps as keeper;) for in 1527,
+when some French ambassadors were in England, the king sent them to
+be entertained by the Cardinal at Hampton Court. The preparations
+for this purpose are detailed in a MS. copy of Cavendish's <i>Life
+of Wolsey</i>, in the British Museum, and afford the reader some
+idea of the magnificent taste of the prelate in matters of state
+and show. The Cardinal was commanded to receive the ambassadors
+with surpassing splendour; then "my Lord Cardinal sent me (Mr.
+Cavendish) being his gentleman usher, with two other of my fellows
+thither, to foresee all things touching our rooms to be nobly
+garnished"&mdash;"accordingly our pains were not small nor light,
+but daily travelling up and down from chamber to chamber; then
+wrought the carpenters, joiners, masons, and all other artificers
+necessary to be had to glorify this noble feast." He tells us of
+"expert cookes, and connyng persons in the art of cookerie; the
+cookes wrought both day and night with suttleties and many crafty
+devices, where lacked neither gold, silver, nor other costly things
+meet for their purpose"&mdash;"280 beds furnished with all manner
+of furniture to them, too long particularly to be rehearsed, but
+all wise men do sufficiently know what belongeth to the furniture
+thereof, and that is sufficient at this <span class="pagenum"><a
+name="page98" id="page98"></a>[pg 98]</span> time to be said."
+Wolsey's arrival during the feast is described quaintly enough:
+"Before the second course my lord came in booted and spurred, all
+sodainely amongst them <i>proface</i>;<a id="footnotetag1" name=
+"footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a> at whose
+coming there was great joy, with rising every man from his place,
+whom my lord caused to sit still, and keep their roomes, and being
+in his apparel as he rode, called for a chayre and sat down in the
+middest of the high paradise, laughing and being as merry as ever I
+saw him in all my lyff." The whole party drank long and strong,
+some of the Frenchmen were led off to bed, and in the chambers of
+all was placed abundance of "wine and beere."</p>
+
+<p>Henry VIII. added considerably to Wolsey's building, and in the
+latter part of his reign, it became one of his principal
+residences. Among the events connected with the palace are the
+following:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>Edward VI. was born at Hampton Court, October 12, 1537, and his
+mother, Queen Jane Seymour, died there on the 14th of the same
+month.<a id="footnotetag2" name="footnotetag2"></a><a href=
+"#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a> Her corpse was conveyed to Windsor by
+water, where she was buried, November 12. Catharine Howard was
+openly showed as Queen, at Hampton Court, August 8, 1540. Catharine
+Parr was married to the King at this palace, and proclaimed Queen,
+July 12, 1543. In 1558, Mary and Philip kept Christmas here with
+great solemnity, when the large hall was illuminated with 1,000
+lamps. Queen Elizabeth frequently resided, and gave many superb
+entertainments here, in her reign. In 1603-4, the celebrated
+conference between Presbyterians and the Established Church was
+held here before James I. as moderator, in a withdrawing-room
+within the privy-chamber, on the subject of Conformity. All the
+Lords of the Council were present, and the conference lasted three
+days; a new translation of the Bible was ordered, and some
+alterations were made in the Liturgy.<a id="footnotetag3" name=
+"footnotetag3"></a><a href="#footnote3"><sup>3</sup></a></p>
+
+<p>Charles I. retired to Hampton Court on account of the plague, in
+1625, when a proclamation prohibited all communication between
+London, Southwark, or Lambeth, and this place.<a id="footnotetag4"
+name="footnotetag4"></a><a href="#footnote4"><sup>4</sup></a>
+Charles was brought here by the army, August 24, 1647, and lived in
+a state of splendid imprisonment, being allowed to keep up the
+state and retinue of a court, till November 11, following, when he
+made his escape<a id="footnotetag5" name="footnotetag5"></a><a
+href="#footnote5"><sup>5</sup></a> to the Isle of Wight.</p>
+
+<p>In 1651, the Honour and Palace of Hampton were sold to creditors
+of the state; but previously to 1657 it came into the possession of
+Cromwell, who made it one of his chief residences. Elizabeth, his
+daughter, was here publicly married to the Lord Falconberg; and the
+Protector's favourite child, Mrs. Claypoole, died here, and was
+conveyed with great pomp to Westminster Abbey.</p>
+
+<p>The palace was occasionally inhabited by Charles II. and James
+II. King William resided much at Hampton Court; he pulled down
+great part of the old palace, which then consisted of five
+quadrangles, and employed Sir Christopher Wren to build on its site
+the Fountain Court, or State Apartments. In July, 1689, the Duke of
+Gloucester, son of the Princess, afterwards Queen Anne, was born
+here. The Queen sojourned at Hampton occasionally, as did her
+successors George I. and II.; but George III. never resided here.
+When his late serene highness William the Fifth, Stadtholder of the
+United Provinces, was condemned to quit his country by the French,
+this palace was appropriated to his use; and he resided here
+several years. The principal domestic apartments of Hampton Court
+are now occupied by different private families, who have grants for
+life from the crown.</p>
+
+<p>The palace consists of three grand quadrangles: the western
+quadrangle, or entrance court is 167 feet 2 inches, north to south,
+and 141 feet 7 inches, east to west. This leads to the second, or
+middle quadrangle, 133 feet 6 inches, north to south, and 91 feet
+10 inches, east to west; this is usually called the Clock Court,
+from a curious astronomical clock by Tompion, over the gateway of
+the eastern side; on the southern side is a colonnade of Ionic
+pillars by Wren. On the north is the great hall: as this is not
+mentioned by Cavendish, probably it was part of Henry's building.
+It certainly was not finished till 1536 or 1537, as appears from
+initials of the King and Jane Seymour, joined in a true lover's
+knot, amongst the decorations; this hall is 106 feet long, and 40
+broad. Queen Caroline had a theatre erected here, in which it was
+intended that two plays should be acted weekly during the stay of
+the Court; but only seven plays were performed in it by the Drury
+Lane company,<a id="footnotetag6" name="footnotetag6"></a><a href=
+"#footnote6"><sup>6</sup></a> and one afterwards before the <span
+class="pagenum"><a name="page99" id="page99"></a>[pg 99]</span> Duke
+of Lorraine, afterwards Emperor of Germany. The theatrical
+appurtenances were not, however, removed till the year 1798.
+Adjoining the hall is the Board of Green Cloth Room, of nearly the
+same date, and hung with fine tapestry.</p>
+
+<p>The eastern quadrangle, or Fountain Court, erected by Sir
+Christopher Wren for King William, in 1690, is 100 feet by 177 feet
+3 inches. Here is the King's Gallery, 117 feet by 23 feet 6 inches,
+which was fitted up for the Cartoons of Raphael. On the eastern
+side of the court is a room in which George I. and George II.
+frequently dined in public. North-west of the Fountain Court stands
+the chapel, which forms the southern side of the quadrangle; this
+was partly built by Wolsey, and was finished by Henry VIII. in
+1536, or 1537. The windows were of beautifully stained glass, and
+the walls decorated with paintings, but these embellishments were
+demolished in the troublous times of 1745. The chapel was, however,
+restored by Queen Anne; the floor is of black and white marble, the
+pews are of Norway oak, and there is some fine carving by Gibbons;
+the roof is plain Gothic with pendent ornaments.</p>
+
+<p>It is hardly possible for us, within the limits of our columns
+to do justice to the magnificence of Hampton Court. The grand
+facade towards the garden extends 330 feet, and that towards the
+Thames 328 feet. The portico and colonnade, of duplicated pillars
+of the Ionic order, at the grand entrance, and indeed, the general
+design of the elevations, are in splendid style. On the south side
+of the palace is the privy garden, which was sunk ten feet, to open
+a view from the apartments to the Thames. On the northern side is a
+tennis court, and beyond that a gate which leads into the
+wilderness or <i>Maze</i>.<a id="footnotetag7" name=
+"footnotetag7"></a><a href="#footnote7"><sup>7</sup></a> Further on
+is the great gate of the gardens.</p>
+
+<p>The gardens, which comprise about 44 acres, were originally laid
+out by London and Wise. George III. gave the celebrated Brown
+permission to make whatever improvements his fine taste might
+suggest; but he declared his opinion that they appeared to the best
+advantage in their original state, and they accordingly remain so
+to this day. The extent of the kitchen gardens is about 12 acres.
+In the privy garden is a grape house 70 feet in length, and 14 in
+breadth; the interior being wholly occupied by one vine of the
+black Hamburgh kind, which was planted in the year 1769, and has in
+a single year, produced 2,200 bunches of grapes, weighing, on an
+average, one pound each.</p>
+
+<p>The grotesque forms of the gardens, and the mathematical taste
+in which they are disposed, are advantageously seen in a bird's-eye
+view as in the Engraving, which represents the tortuous beauty of
+the parterres, and the pools, fountains, and statues with
+characteristic accuracy. The formal avenues, radiating as it were,
+from the gardens or centre, are likewise distinctly shown, as is
+also the canal formed by Wolsey through the middle avenue. The
+intervening space, then a parklike waste, is now planted with
+trees, and stretches away to the village of Thames Ditton; and is
+bounded on the south by the Thames, and on the north by the high
+road to Kingston.</p>
+
+<p>The palace is open to the public, and besides its splendid
+apartments, and numerous buildings, there is a valuable collection
+of pictures, which are too celebrated to need enumeration. A
+curious change has taken place in the occupancy of some
+apartments&mdash;many rooms originally intended for domestic
+offices being now tenanted by gentry. The whole is a vast
+assemblage of art, and reminds us of the palace of Versailles,
+which is about the same distance from Paris as Hampton Court from
+London.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>GREECE.</h3>
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Alas! for fair Greece, how her glories are failed,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Her altars are broken, her trophies are gone,</p>
+
+<p>The Crescent her temples and shrines hath invaded,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">And Freedom hath bow'd to the Mussulman throne.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Fair Liberty say! shall the land of Achilles</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Reluctantly cherish a dastardly slave,</p>
+
+<p>Who can crouch at the foot of a despot, whose will is</p>
+
+<p class="i2">As fickle as wind, and as rude as the wave?</p>
+
+<p>Shall the ashes of heroes enshrouded in glory,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Be spurn'd in contempt by a barbarous horde,</p>
+
+<p>While their sons idly tremble like boys at a story,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">And shudder to gaze on the point of a sword?</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Shall Greece, still as lovely as maiden in sorrow,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">By Freedom's bright ray ne'er be beam'd on again?</p>
+
+<p>Shall the sun of Engia ne'er rise on the morrow</p>
+
+<p class="i2">That lightens her thraldom or loosens her chain?</p>
+
+<p>Oh say, shall the proud eye of scorn fall unheeded,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">The hand, taunting, point to "the land of the
+brave,"</p>
+
+<p>And say that Achaia's fair daughters e'er needed</p>
+
+<p class="i2">An arm to protect them&mdash;a hero to save.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Rise! courage alone your base station can alter,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Let Beauty, let Liberty, spirit you on,</p>
+
+<p>And while fetters and stripes are their portion who falter,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Remember that Freedom's the stake to be won.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>J.O.B.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page100" id="page100"></a>[pg 100]</span>
+
+<h3>ESCAPE OF CHARLES II.</h3>
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<p>In No. 376, of the MIRROR, is a communication from <i>W.W.</i>
+respecting the pension granted by Charles II. to the Pendrils, for
+aiding him in his escape, after the fatal battle of Worcester.
+There was another family who enjoyed a pension from the same
+monarch, named Tattersall, one of whom conveyed Charles from
+Brighton in his open fishing-boat. A descendant is now living at
+that place, but the family, through ignorance and neglect, have
+ceased to enjoy the grant.</p>
+
+<p>The house in which the king rested at Brighton, is now an inn,
+in West Street, called the King's Head, and is kept by a Mr.
+Eales.</p>
+
+<p>H. BERGER.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>LINES WRITTEN IN A LADY'S ALBUM.</h3>
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>The star is set that lighted me</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Thro' Fancy's wide domain,</p>
+
+<p>And the fairy paths of poesy,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">I now may seek in vain.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>'Tis but when Sorrow's clouds appear,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">In frowning darkness o'er me,</p>
+
+<p>The light of Song bursts forth to cheer</p>
+
+<p class="i2">The gloomy path before me.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>As o'er the dusky waves at night,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Oft Mariners behold</p>
+
+<p>That ocean-form, St. Ermo's light,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">When tempests are foretold.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Two reasons in my mind arise.</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Why Song is <i>now</i> denied me;&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>No light can venture near thine eyes,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Nor Grief&mdash;when thou'rt beside me!</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+E.<br />
+<br />
+
+
+<hr />
+<h3>MINSTREL BALLAD.</h3>
+
+<h4>WRITTEN ON A FLYLEAF OF A VOLUME OF ONE OF THE "WAVERLEY
+NOVELS."</h4>
+
+<br />
+<br />
+
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Waken, lords and ladies gay,</p>
+
+<p>On the mountain dawns the day,</p>
+
+<p>All the jolly chase is here,</p>
+
+<p>With hawk and horse, and hunting spear;</p>
+
+<p>Hounds are in their couples yelling,</p>
+
+<p>Hawks are whistling, horns are knelling,</p>
+
+<p>Merrily, merrily, mingle they,</p>
+
+<p>"Waken, lords and ladies gay."</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Waken, lords and ladies gay,</p>
+
+<p>The mist has left the mountain grey,</p>
+
+<p>Springlets in the dawn are streaming,</p>
+
+<p>Diamonds on the brake are gleaming,</p>
+
+<p>And foresters have busy been,</p>
+
+<p>To track the buck in thicket green;</p>
+
+<p>Now we come to chant our lay,</p>
+
+<p>"Waken, lords and ladies gay."</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Waken, lords and ladies gay,</p>
+
+<p>To the green wood haste away,</p>
+
+<p>We can show you where he lies,</p>
+
+<p>Fleet of foot, and tall of size;</p>
+
+<p>We can show the marks he made</p>
+
+<p>When 'gainst the oak his antlers frayed;</p>
+
+<p>You shall see him brought to bay.</p>
+
+<p>"Waken, lords and ladies gay."</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Louder, louder, chant the lay,</p>
+
+<p>Waken, lords and ladies say,</p>
+
+<p>Tell them youth, and mirth and glee,</p>
+
+<p>Run a course as well as we,</p>
+
+<p>Time, stern huntsman! who can balk,</p>
+
+<p>Stanch as hound, and fleet as hawk?</p>
+
+<p>Think of this, without delay,</p>
+
+<p>Gentle lords and ladies gay.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+C.C.<br />
+<br />
+
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>THE SKETCH-BOOK</h2>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>PHYSIOGNOMY OF HOUSES.</h3>
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<p>Houses undoubtedly present to the eye of fancy, an appearance
+analogous to physiognomical expression in men. The remark has been
+made by more acute observers than myself.</p>
+
+<p>Look at that beetle-browed, solemn looking mansion with a
+ponderous hat-roof&mdash;I mean of slates, garnished with bay
+windows&mdash;observe its heavy jaws of areas, its hard, close
+mouth of a door; its dark, deep sunken eyes of windows peering out
+from the heavy brow of dark stone coping that supports the slate
+hat in question: what a contrast to the spruce mock gentility of
+its neighbour, with a stand-up collar of white steps, a varnished
+face, and a light, jaunty, yet stiff air, like a city apprentice in
+his best clothes.</p>
+
+<p>See the cap on the temple of that Chinese Mandarin, poking above
+yon clump of firs, with its bell furniture; he seems pondering on
+the aphorisms of Confucius, regardless of that booby faced
+conservatory, whose bald, rounded pate glitters in the sun. Ah!
+what have we here; a spruce masquerader in yellow straw hat, trying
+to look rural with as much success as a reed thatched summer house.
+Stand in this quiet nook a few hours, and give us the shadow of
+your mushroom covering.</p>
+
+<p>There is a poor, forlorn wretch with his rags fluttering about
+him like a beggar&mdash;give him a penny&mdash;he must be in
+distress&mdash;look at his shattered face and dilapidated form;
+shored up upon <span class="pagenum"><a name="page101" id=
+"page101"></a>[pg 101]</span> crutches, tottering on the brink of the
+sewers&mdash;shores I mean&mdash;of eternity; behold his crushed
+and crownless hat&mdash;his hollow eyes&mdash;his rheumy
+visage&mdash;look at that petition penned on his breast. Poh! 'tis
+a surveyor's notice to pull down. But, then, look at that plurality
+parson with rotund prominence of portico, and red brick cheeks of
+vast extent, and that high, steeple-crowned hat&mdash;look at the
+smug, mean, insignificant dwarf of a meeting-house, sinking up to
+its knees in a narrow lane, and looking as blank as a wall, with a
+trap-door of a mouth, and a grating cast of eye. How yonder
+bridegroom, just cemented in an alliance that will not last out his
+lease of life, "spick and span new," all eyes, and a double row of
+buttons ornamenting his latticed waistcoat, looks at his adored
+opposite, who holds her Venetian parasol&mdash;sun
+shade&mdash;before her face, glowing like a red brick wall in the
+sun. Ah! his regards are attracted by a modest little nymph of the
+grove, seated snugly in a sylvan recess, her pretty white cheeks
+peeping out beneath the tresses of honeysuckle and woodbine that
+veil her beauty. Well, <i>railing</i> is in this case allowable,
+for see that brazen front of maiden sixty, guiltless of curls, with
+a huge structure of bonnet cocked straight at the top of her head,
+like the roof of a market-house, and her broad, square skirts of
+faded green, deformed by formal knots of yew and holly. Look with
+what a blushless face of triumph she eyes her poor tottering
+neighbour opposite, who never appears destined "to suffer a
+recovery." Oh, 'tis remorseless! But look down that vista of
+charity children in slate coloured Quaker bonnets, stuck one
+against the other in drab, like pins in a paper, but not so bright;
+are they going to stand there for ever, with their governess at
+their head, looking as smug and fubsy as the squat house at the
+end? Why 'tis&mdash;street!&mdash;Look at the pump at the other
+end, that might pass for an abridgment of a parish clerk&mdash;and
+see, there comes stalking across the Green the parish beadle, with
+a great white placard in his hat&mdash;you might well mistake him
+for Alderman &mdash;&mdash;'s monument in red brick with the marble
+tablet on the top of it. Ah! my pretty rustic&mdash;why your straw
+hat and brown stuff frock, with white bib, and that gay flowered
+apron, with the sprig of jessamine stuck at your side&mdash;you
+look so homely and comely beneath the shade of that tall oak, that
+I could fancy you were only the shepherd's cottage at the corner of
+the grange. Bless me&mdash;here's a modern antique, masquerading in
+the country!&mdash;why a village belle of queen Bess' days, looking
+as new and as fresh as the young 'squire's lodge, fresh out of the
+hands of his fancy architect. More mummery! why this gentleman
+looks as fine and as foolish in his affectation of rugged points
+and quaint angles, as a staring, white-washed, Gothic villa with
+the paint not yet dry. Oh! there is certainly no denying that thou
+art the primest of Quakers, Mr. Chapel, one that will not
+countenance a <i>belle</i>, but lookest right onward in smooth and
+demure solidity, with that strip of white path in front of thy
+brown gravel waistcoat, and the ample skirts of thy road-coloured
+surtout; not so your neighbour Sturdy, him with his chimney like an
+ink bottle, upright in his button hole, and his pen-like poplar in
+his hand; he is equally uncompromising, but looks with an eye of
+stern regard upon that gay sprig of myrtle with his roof of a hat,
+jauntily clapped on one side, and a towering charming feather,
+streaming like smoke in the breeze. But whither have my vagaries
+led me&mdash;here I am once more in the dullest of dull country
+towns, over which strides the gouty old dean, like a Gothic arch
+across a cathedral city; and see how the wealthy innkeeper dangles
+his broad medal (sign of his having been in the yeomanry) that
+swings to the wind like the banner of his troop&mdash;how
+contemptuously he eyes that solid looking overseer, the workhouse,
+with his right and lefthand men the executioners of the
+law&mdash;Stocks and Cage&mdash;oh! turn away&mdash;there is that
+villanous cross barred gripe the Jail&mdash;enough, enough,
+indeed.</p>
+
+<p>LAVATERIELLO.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>MANNERS &amp; CUSTOMS OF ALL NATIONS.</h2>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>CURIOUS CEREMONY OF DRIVING DEER THROUGH THE WATER (FORMERLY
+PRACTISED) IN LYME PARK, CHESHIRE.</h3>
+
+<br />
+<br />
+
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<p>Ormerod, in his splendid <i>History of Cheshire</i>, says, "The
+park of Lyme, which is very extensive, is celebrated for the fine
+flavour of its venison, and contains a herd of wild cattle, the
+remains of a breed which has been kept here from time immemorial,
+and is supposed indigenous. In the last century a custom was
+observed here of driving the deer round the park about Midsummer,
+or rather earlier, collecting them in a body before the house, and
+then swimming them through a pool of water, <span class=
+"pagenum"><a name="page102" id="page102"></a>[pg 102]</span> with which
+the exhibition terminated." There is a large print of it by
+Vivares, after a painting by T. Smith, representing Lyme Park
+during the performance of the annual ceremony, with the great Vale
+of Cheshire and Lancashire, as far as the Rivington Hills in the
+distance, and in the foreground the great body of the deer passing
+through the pool, the last just entering it, and the old stags
+emerging on the opposite bank, two of which are contending with
+their fore-feet, the horns at that season being too tender to
+combat with. This "art of driving the deer" like a herd of ordinary
+cattle, is stated on a monument, at Disley, to have been first
+perfected by Joseph Watson, who died in 1753, at the age of 104,
+"having been park-keeper at Lyme more than sixty-four years." The
+custom, however, appears not to have been peculiar to Lyme, as Dr.
+Whitaker describes, in his <i>Account of Townley</i>, (the seat of
+a collateral line of Legh,) "near the summit of the park, and where
+it declines to the south, the remains of a large pool, through
+which tradition reports that the deer were driven by their keepers
+in the manner still practised in the park at Lyme."<a id=
+"footnotetag8" name="footnotetag8"></a><a href=
+"#footnote8"><sup>8</sup></a></p>
+
+<p>Lyme Park is situated near the road from Manchester to London,
+through Buxton, adjacent to the picturesque village of Disley.</p>
+
+<p>Lyme Hall is the seat of the principal of the ancient family of
+Leghs. Perkins <i>&agrave; Legh</i>, a Norman, who was buried in
+Macclesfield Church, rendered considerable services in the battle
+of Cressy, for which he was presented with the estate and lordship
+of Lyme. The building is, in part, of the date of Elizabeth; and
+the other a regular structure, from a design of Leoni.</p>
+
+<p>P.T.W.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>STANNARY PARLIAMENT.</h3>
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<p>In the Forest of Dartmoor, Devonshire, between Tavistock and
+Chegford, is a high hill, called Crocken Tor, where the tinners of
+this county are obliged by their charter to assemble their
+parliaments, or the jurats who are commonly gentlemen within the
+jurisdiction, chosen from the four stannary courts of coinage in
+this county, of which the lord-warden is judge. The jurats being
+met to the number sometimes of two or three hundred, in this
+desolate place, are quite exposed to the weather and have no other
+place to sit upon but a moor-stone bench, and no refreshments but
+what they bring with them; for this reason the steward immediately
+adjourns the court to Tavistock, or some other stannary town.</p>
+
+<p>HALBERT H.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>DOWRUCK.</h3>
+
+<p>In different parts of the North of England it is customary for
+the labouring men to come before their masters at the close of
+their <i>dowruck</i> (day's work,) and inform him of their labours;
+the number of hours their work took them are cut in notches upon an
+ash stick, and at the end of the week when the men are paid, the
+stick is produced, which immediately shows what each man is
+entitled to.</p>
+
+<p>W.H.H.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>FAITOUR LANE,</h3>
+
+<p>Or as it is now called, Fetter Lane, is a term used by Chaucer,
+for an idle fellow. The propriety of its denomination is
+indisputable.</p>
+
+<p>W.H.H.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>ROBIN HOOD.</h3>
+
+<p>At Brough Sowerby, in Westmoreland, is an ale-house bearing the
+sign of Robin Hood, with the following lines beneath it:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Good frinds, good frinds, my ale is good.</p>
+
+<p>It is the sign of Robin Hood,</p>
+
+<p>If Robin Hood be not at hoame,</p>
+
+<p>Step in and drink with Littel Johne."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>W.H.H.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>JACK OF HILTON, THE BRAZEN IMAGE, ALIAS AN AEOLIPILE.</h3>
+
+<br />
+<br />
+
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<p>Dr. Plot, in his <i>History of Staffordshire</i>, says, "The
+following service is due from the Lord of Essington, in
+Staffordshire, to the Lord of Hilton, about a mile distant, viz.
+that the Lord of the Manor of Essington, shall bring a goose every
+New year's day, and drive it round the fire in the hall at Hilton,
+at least three times, whilst <i>Jack of Hilton</i> is blowing the
+fire. Now Jack of Hilton is a little hollow image of brass, of
+about twelve inches high, kneeling upon his left knee, and holding
+his right hand upon his head, having a little hole in the place of
+the mouth, about the bigness of a great pin's head, and another in
+the back about two-thirds of an inch diameter, at which last hole
+it is filled with water, it holding about four pints and a quarter,
+which when set to a strong fire, evaporates after the same manner
+as in an <i>Aeolipile</i>, and vents itself at the smaller hole at
+the mouth in a constant blast, blowing the fire so strongly that it
+is <span class="pagenum"><a name="page103" id="page103"></a>[pg
+103]</span> very audible, and makes a sensible impression on that
+part of the fire where the blast lights, as I found by experience,
+May 26, 1680. After the Lord of Essington, or his deputy, or
+bayliffe, has driven the goose round the fire (at least three
+times) whilst this image blows it, he carries it into the kitchen
+of Hilton Hall, and delivers it to the cook, who having dressed it,
+the Lord of Essington, or his bayliffe, by way of further service,
+brings it to the table of the Lord paramount of Hilton and
+Essington, and receives a dish of meat from the said Lord of
+Hilton's table, for his own mess."</p>
+
+<p>The Aeolipile, in hydraulics, is an instrument consisting of a
+hollow metallic ball, with a slender neck or pipe, arising from it.
+This being filled with water, and thus exposed to the fire,
+produces a vehement blast of wind.</p>
+
+<p>This instrument, Des Cartes and others, have made use of, to
+account for the natural cause and generation of wind; and hence its
+name, Aeolipile, <i>pila Aeoli</i>, Aeolus's ball.</p>
+
+<p>In Italy it is said that the Aeolipile is commonly made use of
+to cure smoky chimneys; for being hung over the fire, the blast
+arising from it carries up the loitering smoke along with it. This
+instrument was known to the ancients, and is mentioned by
+Vitruvius.</p>
+
+<p>Some late authors have discovered the extraordinary use to which
+the frauds of the heathen priesthood applied the Aeolipile, viz.
+the working of sham miracles. Besides <i>Jack of Hilton</i>, which
+had been an ancient Saxon, image, or idol, Mr. Weber shows, that
+<i>Pluster</i>, a celebrated German idol, is also of the Aeolipile
+kind, and in virtue thereof, could do noble feats: being filled
+with a fluid, and then set on the fire, it would be covered with
+sweat, and as the heat increased, would at length burst out into
+flames.</p>
+
+<p>An Aeolipile of great antiquity, made of brass, was some years
+since dug up on the site of the Basingstoke Canal, and presented to
+the Antiquarian Society of London. Instead of being globular, with
+a bent tube, it is in the form of a grotesque human figure, and the
+blast proceeds from its mouth.</p>
+
+<p>P.T.W.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>ORIGIN OF WEARING THE VEIL.</h3>
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<p>The origin of the veil is referred by the Greeks to modesty and
+bashfulness.</p>
+
+<p>About thirty furlongs from the city of Sparta, Icarius placed a
+statue of MODESTY, for the purpose of perpetuating the following
+incident:&mdash;Icarius having married his daughter to Ulysses,
+solicited his son-in-law to fix his household in Sparta, and remain
+there with his wife, to which Ulysses would not consent.</p>
+
+<p>Icarius made the request to his daughter, conjuring her not to
+abandon him, but seeing her ready to depart with Ulysses, for
+Ithaca, he redoubled his efforts to detain her, nor could he be
+prevailed on to desist from following the chariot on the way.</p>
+
+<p>Ulysses wearied with the importunities of Icarius, said to his
+wife, "<i>You</i> can best answer this request; it is yours to
+determine whether you will remain with your father at Sparta, or
+depart with your husband for Ithaca; you are mistress of the
+decision."</p>
+
+<p>The beautiful Penelope finding herself in this dilemma, blushed,
+and without making the least reply, drew her veil over her face,
+thereby intimating a denial to her father's request, and sunk into
+the arms of her husband.</p>
+
+<p>Icarius, very sensibly affected by this behaviour, and being
+desirous of transmitting it to posterity by the most durable
+monument, consecrated a statue to Modesty, on the very spot where
+Penelope had thrown the veil over her face; that after her it might
+be a universal symbol of delicacy among the fair sex.</p>
+
+<p>C.K.W.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<p>The manners of the Welsh must have been even less delicate than
+those of the Anglo-Saxons; for they thought it necessary to make a
+law, "that none of the courtiers should give the queen a blow, or
+snatch any thing with violence from her, under the penalty of
+incurring her majesty's displeasure."</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>FUNERAL OF A BURMESE PRIEST.</h3>
+
+<p>The funeral pile, in this case, is a car on wheels; and the body
+is blown away, from a huge wooden cannon or mortar, with the
+purpose, I believe, of conveying the soul more rapidly to heaven!
+Immense crowds are collected on occasions of these funerals, which,
+far from being conducted with mourning or solemnity, are occasions
+of rude mirth and boisterous rejoicing. Ropes are attached to each
+extremity of the car, and pulled in opposite directions by adverse
+parties; one of these being for consuming the body, the other for
+opposing it. The latter are at length overcome, fire is set to the
+pile amidst loud acclamations, and the ceremony is
+consummated.&mdash;<i>Crawford's Embassy to Ava</i>.</p>
+
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page104" id="page104"></a>[pg 104]</span>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>PLAN FOR A NEW CITY.</h2>
+
+<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"><a href=
+"images/385-2.png"><img width="100%" src="images/385-2.png" alt=
+"" /></a></div>
+
+<h4>(<i>To the Editor of the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<p>The various ages, interests, and tastes which govern the
+progressive growth of cities, seem to be irremediable causes of the
+irregularity and inconvenience of their final formations or
+plans&mdash;and until this illustrious age of magnanimous projects
+and improvements, it would have been thought ridiculous to offer
+any radical expedient for a general improvement in the plans of
+cities; but <i>now</i> that we see <i>new</i> cities growing round
+the metropolis, and new towns planned for the distant dominions of
+Great Britain, it seems to be a convenient season for explaining my
+notions respecting the general plan of a city, with regard <i>only
+to the directions of the streets</i>, which after the repeated
+consideration of fifty years, I have concluded may, and ought to
+be, all straight streets, from <i>every extremity</i>, to the
+opposite, whatever be the form of the <i>outermost</i> boundary of
+the city or town.&mdash;These <i>conclusions</i> would most
+probably have passed off in silence, but for an accidental fancy
+arising in my mind, on reading lately in the Psalms, "<i>Jerusalem
+is a city that is in unity with itself</i>." This text awakened my
+dormant ideas on the proper formation of streets, and anticipating
+the reunion of the Jews, I began the accompanying sketch for a
+"<i>Holy City</i>," or "<i>a New Jerusalem</i>," which accounts for
+the twelve gates according with the original number of the tribes
+of Israel, and the ten streets which diverge from each gate are
+symbolic of the Ten Commandments, wherein they were commanded to
+walk; the twelve circular areas I thought to be properly dedicated
+to the Twelve Apostles of Christianity, under the idea that when
+the Jews are again called together it will be under the new
+covenant of Christianity, so that nothing could (in that case) be
+more appropriate than placing the original propagators of it where
+so many paths led towards them&mdash;and after fixing the place of
+public worship in the centre, my orthodoxy ceased to affect my
+scheme, for want of that technical knowledge which further detail
+would require&mdash;and having accomplished my favourite
+determination of planning a town without winding streets or crooked
+lanes. I offer it to the MIRROR as an <span class="pagenum"><a
+name="page105" id="page105"></a>[pg 105]</span> amusing novelty for the
+entertainment of its numerous readers. I think it would be not
+inappropriate to call it the Royal City of <i>Victoria</i>.</p>
+
+<p>CHARLES MATTER.</p>
+
+<p>(To the ingenious designer of the annexed sketch, we are
+likewise indebted for the Plan for a Maze, in our Vol. vii. page
+233. Mr. H. very pertinently observes to us "imagine what would
+have been said of this plan for a city, had Belzoni or Buckingham
+found exactly such a one in Assyria or Egypt,&mdash;of antique
+date?")</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>THE SELECTOR;</h2>
+
+<h3>AND LITERARY NOTICES OF <i>NEW WORKS.</i></h3>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>NEW EDITION OF THE WAVERLEY NOVELS.</h3>
+
+<p>It is rather late in the day to speak of what is technically
+termed the "getting-up" of this elegant edition of the most popular
+works of our time. There are now three volumes
+published&mdash;<i>Waverley</i>, in two vols. and one vol. or half
+of <i>Guy Mannering</i>. Each of the former contains upwards of 400
+pages, and the latter nearly that number&mdash;beautifully printed
+in what we call a very inviting type, on excellent paper, of rich
+colour, and not too garish for the eye of the reader. The
+engravings to <i>Waverley</i> are by Graves, C. Rolls, and Raddon,
+after E.P. and J. Stephanoff, Newton, and Landseer&mdash;a
+frontispiece and plate title page and vignette to each volume. To
+our taste the vignettes are exquisite&mdash;one by Landseer,
+<i>David Gellatley, with Ban and Buscar</i>, is extremely
+beautiful. The illustrations to the volume of <i>Guy Mannering</i>
+are by Duncan, and C.G. Cooke, after Leslie and Kidd. The volumes
+are in substantial canvass binding. Their low price, a crown
+a-piece, is the marvel of bookselling, for were they only reprints
+without copyright, they would be unprecedentedly cheap. The whole
+series will extend to forty volumes, to be published in three
+years, and will cost ten pounds. Fifteen-pence a week for the above
+term will thus provide a family with one of the most elegant
+drawing-room libraries that can be desired. They will about occupy
+three <i>cheffonier</i> shelves;&mdash;or what delightful volumes
+for fire-side shelves, or a "little book-room," or a breakfast
+parlour opening on a carpet of lawn&mdash;or to read by the hour,
+with a golden-haired lady-friend, and chat awhile, and then turn to
+the most attractive scenes in the novel, while we ourselves are
+perhaps enacting the hero in a romance of real life. Few novels
+admit of a second reading; but the <i>Waverley</i> series will
+never lose their attraction&mdash;and to remember when and where,
+and with whom you first read each of them, may perhaps revive many
+pleasantries.</p>
+
+<p>Of the literary Notes and emendations of the present edition, we
+have already expressed our opinion by the selection of several of
+them for the pages of the MIRROR; and in the progress of the
+publication, we shall endeavour to award similar justice to each of
+the works.</p>
+
+<p>In the <i>Athenaeum</i>, of August 5, the presumed profit on the
+whole edition is estimated at &pound;100,000.! The calculation of
+the sale of 12,000 of each work is a reasonable one, and splendid
+as, in that case, the reward will be, the reading-public will be
+the gainers.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>THE FAMILY LIBRARY.</h3>
+
+<h3><i>History of the Jews.</i></h3>
+
+<p>We scarcely know how to do justice to the high character of the
+series of volumes now publishing under this denomination. In
+printing and embellishment they take the lead of the Periodical
+Works of our day, (and some of these are extremely beautiful,)
+while their literary worth is even of superior order. Although they
+are matter-of-fact works&mdash;as in history and
+biography&mdash;they are not mere compilations of dry details and
+uninteresting lives; but they are so interspersed with new views,
+and the facts are so often re-written, that the whole have the
+appearance of original works. Excellent principles, and economy of
+cost are, likewise, two important points of their recommendations;
+for many works which have already appeared on the same subjects,
+have been deformed by party spirit, and written to serve a sect, or
+are so expensive as to be purchaseable only by the wealthy ranks,
+and scarcely accessible by the middle classes of society; whereas
+the Family Library is published at a rate within the reach of
+two-thirds of the reading public, who may therefore possess what
+they read, and appreciate the value of these volumes as works of
+reference and authority.</p>
+
+<p>The division of the series which has called forth this notice,
+is No. 5, or the first volume of the <i>History of the Jews</i>, to
+be completed in three volumes, by the Rev. H.H. Milman, Professor
+of Poetry at Oxford, and the author of the splendid poem&mdash;The
+Fall of Jerusalem; and judging by the portion before us, this work
+will form one of the most attractive in the whole series. In proof
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page106" id="page106"></a>[pg
+106]</span> of this it would be easy to select many passages which
+are beautifully picturesque; a few, however, will suffice:</p>
+
+<p>"The Jews, without reference to their religious belief, are
+among the most remarkable people in the annals of mankind. Sprung
+from one stock, they pass the infancy of their nation in a state of
+servitude in a foreign country, where, nevertheless, they increase
+so rapidly, as to appear on a sudden the fierce and irresistible
+conquerors of their native valleys in Palestine. There they settle
+down under a form of government and code of laws totally unlike
+those of any other rude or civilized community. They sustain a long
+and doubtful conflict, sometimes enslaved, sometimes victorious,
+with the neighbouring tribes. At length, united under one monarchy,
+they gradually rise to the rank of a powerful, opulent, and
+commercial people. Subsequently weakened by internal discord, they
+are overwhelmed by the vast monarchies which arose on the banks of
+the Euphrates, and transplanted into a foreign region. They are
+partially restored, by the generosity or policy of the Eastern
+sovereigns, to their native land. They are engaged in wars of the
+most romantic gallantry, in assertion of their independence,
+against the Syro-Grecian successors of Alexander. Under Herod, they
+rise to a second era of splendour, as a dependent kingdom of Rome:
+finally, they make the last desperate resistance to the universal
+dominion of the Caesars. Scattered from that period over the face
+of the earth&mdash;hated, scorned, and oppressed, they subsist, a
+numerous and often a thriving people; and in all the changes of
+manners and opinions retain their ancient institutions, their
+national character, and their indelible hope of restoration to
+grandeur and happiness in their native land. Thus the history of
+this, perhaps the only unmingled race, which can boast of high
+antiquity, leads us through every gradation of society and brings
+us into contact with almost every nation which commands our
+interest in the ancient world; the migratory pastoral population of
+Asia; Egypt, the mysterious parent of arts, science, and
+legislation; the Arabian Desert; the Hebrew theocracy under the
+form of a federative agricultural republic, their kingdom powerful
+in war and splendid in peace; Babylon, in its magnificence and
+downfall; Grecian arts and luxury endeavouring to force an
+unnatural refinement within the pale of the rigid Mosaic
+institutions; Roman arms waging an exterminating war with the
+independence even of the smallest states; it descends, at length,
+to all the changes in the social state of the modern European and
+Asiatic nations."</p>
+
+<p>At page 32, there is an interesting picture of the state of
+society in Patriarchal times&mdash;the whole of the life of Moses
+is extremely well written&mdash;the description of the Plague is
+indeed terrific&mdash;and the death and character of the Prophet
+drawn with a masterly and vigorous hand. The reigns of David and
+Solomon, as might be expected, are magnificently told. Among the
+picturesque sketches none exceed the&mdash;</p>
+
+<h3>DESCRIPTION OF PALESTINE.</h3>
+
+<p>"It is almost impossible to calculate with accuracy the area of
+a country, the frontier of which is irregular on every side. Lowman
+has given three different estimates of the extent of territory
+occupied by the twelve tribes, the mean between the two extremes
+approaches probably the nearest to the truth. According to this
+computation, the Jewish dominion, at the time of the Division, was
+180 miles long, by 130 wide, and contained 14,976,000 acres. This
+quantity of land will divide to 600,000 men, about 21-1/2 acres in
+property, with a remainder of 1,976,000 acres for the Levitical
+cities, the princes of tribes, the heads of families, and other
+public uses. Assuming this estate of 21-1/2 acres, assigned to each
+household, of course a larger proportion of pasture must have been
+given to those tribes who subsisted on their herds and flocks, than
+of arable to those who lived by tillage, the portions of the
+latter, therefore, must be considerably reduced. On the other hand,
+the extraordinary fertility of the whole country must be taken into
+the account. No part was waste; very little was occupied by
+unprofitable wood; the more fertile hills were cultivated in
+artificial terraces, others were hung with orchards of fruit trees;
+the more rocky and barren districts were covered with vineyards.
+Even in the present day, the wars and misgovernment of ages have
+not exhausted the natural richness of the soil. Galilee, says Malte
+Brun, would be a paradise were it inhabited by an industrious
+people, under an enlightened government. No land could be less
+dependent on foreign importation; it bore within itself every thing
+that could be necessary for the subsistence and comfort of a simple
+agricultural people. The climate was healthy, the seasons regular;
+the former rains, which fell about October, after the vintage,
+prepared the ground <span class="pagenum"><a name="page107" id=
+"page107"></a>[pg 107]</span> for the seed; the latter, which
+prevailed during March and the beginning of April, made it grow
+rapidly. Directly the rains ceased, the grain ripened with still
+greater rapidity, and was gathered in before the end of May. The
+summer months were dry and very hot, but the nights cool and
+refreshed by copious dews. In September, the vintage was gathered.
+Grain of all kinds, wheat, barley, millet, zea, and other sorts,
+grew in abundance; the wheat commonly yielded thirty for one.
+Besides the vine and the olive, the almond, the date, figs of many
+kinds, the orange, the pomegranates, and many other fruit-trees,
+flourished in the greatest luxuriance. Great quantity of honey was
+collected. The balm tree, which produced the opobalsamum, a great
+object of trade, was probably introduced from Arabia in the time of
+Solomon. It nourished about Jericho and in Gilead."</p>
+
+<p>This is but a portion of the sketch. The wealth and commerce of
+the country is thus told:</p>
+
+<p>"The only public revenue of the Hebrew commonwealth was that of
+the sacred treasury, the only public expenditure that of the
+religious worship. This was supported by a portion of the spoils
+taken in war; the first fruits, which in their institution were no
+more than could be carried in a basket, at a later period were
+rated to be one part in sixty; the redemption of the first born,
+and of whatever was vowed to the Lord. Almost every thing of the
+last class might be commuted for money according to a fixed scale.
+The different annual festivals were well calculated to promote
+internal commerce: maritime or foreign trade, is scarcely mentioned
+in the law, excepting in two obscure prophetic intimations of
+advantages, which the tribes of Dan and Zebulun were to derive from
+their maritime situation. On this subject the lawgiver could have
+learned nothing in Egypt. The commerce of that country was confined
+to the inland caravan trade. The Egyptians hated or dreaded the
+sea, which they considered either the dwelling of the evil
+principle, or the evil principle itself. At all events, the Hebrews
+at this period were either blind to the maritime advantages of
+their situation, or unable to profit by them. The ports were the
+last places they conquered. Sidon, if indeed within their boundary,
+never lost its independence; Tyre, if it existed, was a town too
+obscure to be named; Ecdippa and Acco remained in the power of the
+Canaanites; Joppa is not mentioned as a port till much later. The
+manufactures of the people supplied their own wants; they brought
+from Egypt the arts of weaving woollens and linens, stuffs made of
+fine goats' hair, and probably cotton; of dying in various colours,
+and bleaching, and of embroidering; of many kinds of carpenter's
+work; of building, some of the rules of which were regulated by
+law; of making earthenware vessels; of working in iron, brass, and
+the precious metals, both casting them and forming them with the
+tool; of gilding, engraving seals, and various other kinds of
+ornamental work, which were employed in the construction of the
+altars and sacred vessels of the Tabernacle."</p>
+
+<p>Among the illustrative passages we notice the following
+exquisite paragraph on the&mdash;</p>
+
+<h3>HEBREW POETS.</h3>
+
+<p>"THE three most eminent men in the Hebrew annals, Moses, David,
+and Solomon, were three of their most distinguished poets. The
+hymns of David excel no less in sublimity and tenderness of
+expression than in loftiness and purity of religious sentiment. In
+comparison with them the sacred poetry of all other nations sinks
+into mediocrity. They have embodied so exquisitely the universal
+language of religious emotion, that (a few fierce and vindictive
+passages excepted, natural in the warrior-poet of a sterner age,)
+they have entered with unquestioned propriety into the ritual of
+the holier and more perfect religion of Christ. The songs which
+cheered the solitude of the desert caves of Engedi, or resounded
+from the voice of the Hebrew people as they wound along the glens
+or the hill-sides of Judaea, have been repeated for ages in almost
+every part of the habitable world, in the remotest islands of the
+ocean, among the forests of America or the sands of Africa. How
+many human hearts have they softened, purified, exalted!&mdash;of
+how many wretched beings have they been the secret
+consolation!&mdash;on how many communities have they drawn down the
+blessings of Divine Providence, by bringing the affections into
+unison with their deep, devotional fervour."</p>
+
+<p>The present volume extends from the time of Abraham to the
+Babylonian Captivity. It is illustrated with three excellent maps,
+and a few wood cuts; but we are convinced that we need add nothing
+further of its contents to recommend the <i>History of the Jews</i>
+to the attention <span class="pagenum"><a name="page108" id=
+"page108"></a>[pg 108]</span> of our readers; for it is one of the
+most splendid and fascinating works in our recollection.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>LIBRARY OF ENTERTAINING KNOWLEDGE.</h3>
+
+<p>The Fourth Part of this well-arranged publication, is "<i>The
+Pursuit of Knowledge under difficulties illustrated by
+Anecdotes</i>." The matter is judiciously divided into chapters, as
+"Strength of the Passion for Knowledge&mdash;Humble Station no
+Obstacle&mdash;Obscure Origin&mdash;Artists rising from the lower
+to the higher classes&mdash;Late Learners&mdash;Early Age of Great
+Men&mdash;Self-educated Men&mdash;Literary Pursuits of
+Soldiers&mdash;Merchants, Booksellers, and Printers." All these
+heads are illustrated by anecdotes&mdash;some of them well known,
+others drawn from uncommon sources&mdash;and all replete with
+useful information, and furnishing an exhaustless store of
+entertainment. Such a volume is, indeed, <i>a book for the
+people</i>, and will do more towards the spread of knowledge, and
+the excitement of those engaged in its pursuit, than scores of
+fine-spun theories cramped up with technicalities. For young people
+we consider this book a real treasure; since the examples selected
+are not those of men who became intoxicated with their success, or
+gave up useful occupation for mere elegant literature or
+experimental knowledge; but the instances are chiefly of such as
+have turned their genius to good account, or for the benefit of
+themselves and their fellow men. We call such men the
+<i>honourables of the land</i>, whose examples should be written in
+letters of gold, and on monuments of marble, as helps to social
+duties and for the imitation of after times.</p>
+
+<p>We have marked for our next number a few extracts which will be
+interesting to our readers to explain the mode by which the heads
+of a chapter are illustrated. The biographettes of John Hunter,
+Simpson, J. Stone, and Fergusson, and the introductory
+illustrations of Newton, are the most striking portions of the
+volume; and they maybe read and re-read with increasing advantage.
+Of Hunter and Fergusson there are good portraits.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h2>Spirit of Discovery.</h2>
+
+<hr />
+<h3><i>Block Machinery.</i></h3>
+
+<p>Mr. Faraday has lately described at the Royal Institution,
+Brunel's Block Machinery at Portsmouth, with a set of magnificent
+models of this admirable invention, which were lent to the Society
+by the Navy Board. They consist of eight separate machines, which
+work in succession, so as to begin and finish off a two-sheaved
+block four inches in length. These were put by Messrs. Maudsley and
+Field's men (who made them) into such communication and action, as
+to perform the set of operations in the most perfect manner.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. F. briefly stated that the Block Machinery of Portsmouth, by
+adjustments, could manufacture blocks of 100 different
+sizes&mdash;could with thirty men make 100 per hour; and from the
+time of its completion in 1804-5 to the present day, had required
+no repairs from Maudsley, the original manufacturer. The total cost
+was given at 46,000 <i>l</i>., and the saving per annum in time of
+war 25,000 <i>l</i>. This is a paragon of art which we could see
+again and again.</p>
+
+<h3><i>Enameled Street Names.</i></h3>
+
+<p>The names of the Streets in Paris have been recently put up on
+enameled plates; the ground being blue, and the letters white. The
+substance on which the enameling is performed is lava in slabs; the
+same substance has since been used as the basis of certain enameled
+designs; it is much superior in some points to porcelain in this
+application, because the necessary exposure to fire does not cause
+it to crack in the manner that porcelain does.&mdash;<i>From the
+French</i>.</p>
+
+<h3><i>Preservation of Wine Must.</i></h3>
+
+<p>Charcoal was added to grape must, in the proportion of 100
+grains to a litre (2.1 pints), or if very much inclined to ferment,
+more charcoal was used. When the liquid had settled, and become
+clear and colourless, it was removed from the charcoal, and put
+into bottles or casks, to be closed up, and preserved. It will not
+enter into fermentation, even in close vessels; for the charcoal
+has absorbed the ferment. Nevertheless, the ferment has not lost
+its powers by combination with the carbon; for, if left in the
+must, the latter begins to ferment, but only where in contact with
+the former.&mdash;<i>From the French</i>.</p>
+
+<h3><i>Weevils in Granaries.</i></h3>
+
+<p>Wash the floor and sides of the granary with a mixture of urine
+and water before the corn is stored up; this washing is to be
+repeated several times, the walls and floors of the granary being
+well swept between each operation.&mdash;<i>From the
+French</i>.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page109" id="page109"></a>[pg
+109]</span></p>
+
+<h3><i>French Eggs and Apples.</i></h3>
+
+<p>In the year 1827 there were 63,109,618 hen's eggs, and 14,182
+bushels of apples imported from France into England.</p>
+
+<h3><i>Enlargement of Artichokes.</i></h3>
+
+<p>The gardeners in the south of France increase the size of
+artichokes by splitting the stem into four at the base of the
+receptacle, and introducing two small sticks in the form of a
+cross. This operation should not be made until the stem has
+attained the height it ought to have.&mdash;<i>From the
+French</i>.</p>
+
+<h3><i>Preservation of Potatoes.</i></h3>
+
+<p>Potatoes at the depth of one foot in the ground, produce shoots
+near the end of spring; at the depth of two feet they appear in the
+middle of summer; at three feet they are very short, and never come
+to the surface; and between three and five feet they cease to
+vegetate. In consequence of observing these effects several parcels
+of potatoes were buried in a garden at the depth of three and a
+half feet, and were not removed. until after an interval of one or
+two years. They were then found without, any shoots, and possessing
+their original freshness, firmness, goodness, and taste. <i>From
+the French</i>.</p>
+
+<h3><i>Leeches.</i></h3>
+
+<p>It is well known that atmospheric changes have a remarkable
+influence upon leeches. In 1825, M. Derheim, of St. Omer, ascribes
+the almost sudden death of them at the approach of, or during
+storms, to the coagulation of the blood of these creatures, caused
+by the impression of the atmospheric electricity.&mdash;<i>From the
+French</i>.</p>
+
+<h3><i>Carpenter's Microscope.</i></h3>
+
+<p>Mr. Carpenter's achromatic solar microscope has now a white
+circular area of nine feet in diameter, to receive the images of
+the objects upon, some of which are magnified to the enormous size
+of upwards of eight feet in length!</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Carpenter's lucernal microscopes are now arranged in a kind
+of temple, placed in the middle of a room, and illuminated by the
+light of one powerful Argand lamp, so as to be independent of all
+natural light; thus, in all seasons, even in cloudy weather, the
+objects are as brilliantly displayed as they could be last year
+when the sun shone.&mdash;<i>Gill's Repository</i>.</p>
+
+<h3><i>Beet Root Sugar.</i></h3>
+
+<p>There are now in France upwards of one hundred manufactories of
+beet root sugar, from which were produced last year upwards of
+5,000 tons of sugar, worth 60 <i>l.</i> per ton, or 300,000
+<i>l</i>.; the profit of which is estimated at 15 <i>l.</i> an
+acre; but, says one of the manufacturers, the process may be so far
+improved, that sugar will be made in France from the beet root at
+30 <i>l.</i> per ton, which will increase the profit to 24
+<i>l.</i> an acre. A writer in the <i>Quarterly Journal of
+Agriculture</i> observes that "it is difficult to conceive that one
+half of the sugar consumed in Great Britain, or in all Europe, will
+not, in a few years, be home-made beet root sugar."</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS</h2>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>LORD BYRON AND SIR WALTER SCOTT AT WATERLOO.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>By a Sexagenarian.</i></h4>
+
+<p>In his transit to Italy in August, 1816, Lord Byron visited
+Brussels (where I was residing) accompanied by Dr. Polidori. The
+moment I heard of his arrival, I waited on him, and was received
+with the greatest cordiality and kindness.</p>
+
+<p>As he proposed visiting Waterloo on the following morning, I
+offered my services as his cicerone, which were graciously
+accepted, and we set out at an early hour, accompanied by his
+<i>compagnon de voyage</i>. The weather was propitious, but the
+poet's spirits seemed depressed, and we passed through the gloomy
+forest of Soignies without much conversation. As the plan of the
+inspection of the field had been left to me, I ordered our
+postilion to drive to Mont St. Jean, without stopping at Waterloo.
+We got out at the monuments. Lord Byron gazed about for five
+minutes without uttering a syllable; at last, turning to me, he
+said&mdash;"I am not disappointed. I have seen the plains of
+Marathon, and these are as fine. Can you tell me," he continued,
+"where Picton fell? because I have heard that my friend Howard was
+killed at his side, and nearly at the same moment."</p>
+
+<p>The spot was well known, and I pointed with my finger to some
+trees near it, at the distance of one hundred and fifty yards: we
+walked to the spot. "Howard," said his lordship, with a sigh, "was
+my relation and dear friend; but we quarrelled, and I was in the
+wrong; we were, however, reconciled, at which I now rejoice." He
+spoke these words with great feeling, and we returned to examine
+the monument of Sir Alexander Gordon, a broken column, on which he
+made some criticisms, bestowing <span class="pagenum"><a name=
+"page110" id="page110"></a>[pg 110]</span> great praise on the
+fraternal affection of his brother, who had erected it. He did not
+seem much interested about the positions of the troops, which I
+pointed out to him; and we got into our carriage, and drove to the
+Ch&acirc;teau Goumont, the poet remaining silent, pensive, and in a
+musing mood, which I took care not to interrupt.</p>
+
+<p>The gallant defence of this post seemed to interest him more,
+and I recapitulated all the particulars I knew of the attack. From
+the bravery displayed by the handful of troops (the Guards) who
+defended it, it has acquired its reputation. Though they were
+reinforced more than once, the number never exceeded twelve
+hundred; and notwithstanding the enemy having, by battering down
+the gate of the farmyard, and setting fire to the straw in it, got
+possession of the outer works, in the evening attack, they could
+make no impression on the strong hold, the garden&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Whose close pleach'd walks and bowers have been</p>
+
+<p>The deadly marksman's lurking screen."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>They reaped no advantage by these assaults; on the contrary,
+they sacrificed a great many brave men without any purpose. It was
+a most important post; for had they succeeded in getting possession
+of it, and driving out our troops, their guns would have enfiladed
+us, and we should have been obliged to change our front. The
+pompous title of <i>ch&acirc;teau</i> gives a little additional
+importance to this position, though it is only a miserable dwelling
+of two stories, somewhat resembling the habitations of our
+<i>Bonnet Lairds</i> about the beginning of the last century. The
+area of the house is about two Scotch acres, including the garden.
+The clipped and shady walks have been long since cut down, which
+takes away much interest from it; and the stupid Fleming to whom it
+belonged, cut down the young trees in front of it, because they had
+been wounded by the bullets, which he was informed "would cause
+them to bleed to death!" The nobleman who now possesses it, had,
+with better taste, repaired the ch&acirc;teau, and will not permit
+any alteration in its appearance.</p>
+
+<p>I asked Byron what he thought of Mr. Scott's "Field of
+Waterloo," just published&mdash;if it was fair to ask one poet his
+opinion of a living contemporary. "Oh," said he, "quite fair;
+besides, there is not much subject for criticism in this hasty
+sketch. The reviewers call it a <i>falling off</i>; but I am sure
+there is no poet living who could have written so many good lines
+on so meagre a subject, in so short a time. Scott," he added, "is a
+fine poet, and a most amiable man. We are great friends. As a prose
+writer, he has no rival; and has not been approached since
+Cervantes, in depicting manners. His tales are my constant
+companions. It is highly absurd his denying, what every one that
+knows him believes, his being the author of these admirable works.
+Yet no man is obliged to give his name to the public, except he
+chooses so to do; and Scott is not likely to be compelled by the
+law, for he does not write libels, nor a line of which he may be
+ashamed." He said a great deal more in praise of his friend, for
+whom he had the highest respect and regard. "I wish," added the
+poet, with feeling, "it had been my good fortune to have had such a
+Mentor. No author," he observed, "had deserved more from the
+public, or has been so liberally rewarded. Poor Milton got only
+15<i>l.</i> for his 'Paradise Lost,' while a modern poet has as
+much for a stanza." I know not if he made any allusion to himself
+in this remark, but it has been said that Murray paid him that sum
+for every verse of "Childe Harold."</p>
+
+<p>Lord Byron, in reading aloud the stanzas of Mr. Scott,</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"For high, and deathless is the name,</p>
+
+<p>Oh Hougoinont, thy ruins claim!</p>
+
+<p>The sound of Cressy none shall own,</p>
+
+<p>And Agincourt shall be unknown,</p>
+
+<p>And Blenheim be a nameless spot</p>
+
+<p>Long ere thy glories are forgot," &amp;c.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>he exclaimed, striking the page with his hand, "I'll be
+d&mdash;&mdash;d if they will, Mr. Scott, be forgot!"</p>
+
+<p>SIR WALTER SCOTT.</p>
+
+<p>Sir Walter Scott visited Brussels about the middle of August,
+1816, when I had the good fortune to meet him at the house of Sir
+Frederick Adam, who was prevented by a wound from joining his
+brigade, though he was able to do the duties of the small garrison
+there.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Scott accepted my services to conduct him to Waterloo. The
+general's aid-de-camp was also of the party, Mr. Scott being
+accompanied by two friends, his fellow travellers. He made no
+secret of his having undertaken to write something on the battle;
+and he took the greater interest on this account in every thing
+that he saw. Besides, he had never seen a field of such a conflict;
+and never having been before on the Continent, it was all new to
+his comprehensive mind. The day was beautiful; and I had the
+precaution to send out a couple of saddle-horses, that he might not
+be fatigued in walking over <span class="pagenum"><a name="page111"
+id="page111"></a>[pg 111]</span> the fields which had been recently
+ploughed up. The animal he rode was so quiet that he was much
+gratified, and had an opportunity of examining every spot of the
+positions of both armies; and seemed greatly delighted, especially
+with the Farm of Goumont, where he loitered a couple of hours. In
+our rounds we fell in with Monsieur Da Costar, with whom he got
+into conversation, though I had told him he was an impostor. But he
+had attracted so much notice by his pretended story of being about
+the person of Napoleon, that he was of too much importance to be
+passed by: I did not, indeed, know as much of this fellow's
+Charlatanism at that time as afterwards, when I saw him confronted
+with a blacksmith of La Belle Alliance, who had been his companion
+in a hiding-place, ten miles from the field, during the whole day;
+a fact which he could not deny. But he had got up a tale so
+plausible, and so profitable, that he could afford to bestow
+hush-money on the companion of his flight, so that the imposition
+was but little known, and strangers continued to be gulled. He had
+picked up a good deal of information about the positions and
+details of the battle, and being naturally a sagacious Wallon, and
+speaking French pretty fluently, he became the favourite
+<i>cicerone</i>, and every lie he told was taken for gospel. Year
+after year, until his death, in 1824, he continued his popularity,
+and raised the price of his rounds from a couple of francs to five;
+besides as much for the hire of a horse, his own property; for he
+pretended that the fatigue of walking so many hours was beyond his
+powers. It has been said, that in this way he realized every summer
+a couple of hundred Napoleons. It is surprising how any one could
+believe the story he told; for supposing that he had been seized
+upon by Napoleon, what use could such a vagabond be as a guide?
+What was he to show? The British army was staring the Emperor in
+the face at a mile distant. This <i>soi-disant</i> hero could only
+be an incumbrance during the conflict, if his courage could have
+been screwed up to remain at Napoleon's side, as he pretended he
+had done, and that when he became panicstruck on the approach of
+the Prussians, he was rewarded for his services with a twenty-franc
+coin. He even pointed out the actual spot where he stood with the
+Emperor on the <i>chauss&eacute;e</i>&mdash;heard him exclaim
+"Sauve qui peut!" and saw him mount his horse, and
+brush!&mdash;<i>facts</i>, which are become historical!</p>
+
+<p>When Sir Walter had examined every point of defence and attack
+we adjourned to the "Original Duke of Wellington," at Waterloo, to
+dinner, after the fatigues of the ride. Here he had a crowded
+lev&eacute;e of peasants, and collected a great many trophies, from
+cuirasses down to buttons and bullets. He picked up himself many
+little relics, and was fortunate in purchasing a grand cross of the
+legion of honour. But the most precious relic was presented to him
+by my wife&mdash;a French soldier's book, well stained with blood,
+and containing some poetical effusions, called "Troubadours," which
+he found so interesting that he translated them into English, and
+they were introduced into his "Paul's Letters;" on the publication
+of which he did her the honour of sending her a copy, with a most
+flattering letter, to say, "that he considered her gift as the most
+valuable of all his Waterloo relics."</p>
+
+<p>On our return from the field, he kindly passed the evening with
+us, and a few friends whom we invited to meet him. He charmed us
+with his delightful conversation, and was in great spirits from the
+agreeable day he had passed; and with great good humour promised to
+write a stanza in the lady's Album. The following morning he called
+to achieve this; and I put him into my little library, the door of
+which I locked to prevent interruption, as a great many of my
+friends had paraded in the <i>Parc</i> opposite my window to get a
+peep of the celebrated man, many having dogged him from his
+hotel.</p>
+
+<p>Brussels affords but little worthy of the notice of such a
+traveller as the author of "Waverley;" but he greatly admired the
+splendid tower of the Maison de Ville, and the ancient sculpture
+and style of architecture of the buildings which surround the Grand
+Place.</p>
+
+<p>He told us, with great humour, a laughable incident which had
+occurred to him at Antwerp. The morning after his arrival at that
+city from Holland, he started at an early hour to visit the tomb of
+Rubens in the Church of St. Jacques, before his party were up.
+Having provided himself with a map of the city, he had no other
+guide; but after wandering about for an hour, without finding the
+object he had in view, he determined to make inquiry, and observing
+a person stalking about like himself, he addressed him, in his best
+French; but the stranger pulling off his hat, very respectfully
+replied, in the pure Highland accent, "I'm vary sorry, Sir, but I
+canna speak ony thing besides <span class="pagenum"><a name=
+"page112" id="page112"></a>[pg 112]</span> English."&mdash;"This is
+very unlucky indeed, Donald," said Mr. Scott, "but we must help one
+another; for, to tell you the truth, I'm not good at any other
+tongue but the English, or rather, the Scotch."&mdash;"Oh, Sir,
+maybe," replied the Highlander, "you are a countryman, and ken my
+maister, Captain Cameron, of the 79th, and could tell me where he
+lodges. I'm just cum in, Sir, frae a place they ca' <i>Machlin</i>,
+and ha forgotten the name of the captain's quarters; it was
+something like the <i>Laaborer</i>."&mdash;"I can, I think, help
+you with this, my friend," rejoined Mr. Scott. "There is an inn
+just opposite to you, (pointing to the <i>Hotel de Grand
+Laboreur</i>,) I dare say that will be the captain's quarters;" and
+so it was. I cannot do justice to the humour in which Mr. Scott
+recounted this dialogue.</p>
+
+<p><i>New Monthly Magazine</i>.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>The Gatherer.</h2>
+
+<h4>A snapper up of unconsidered trifles. SHAKSPEARE.</h4>
+
+<br />
+<br />
+
+
+<hr />
+<h3>SUPERSTITION.</h3>
+
+<p>Catherine de Medicis, in order to be assured of the assistance
+of heaven in a certain project, vowed to send a pilgrim to
+Jerusalem, who should walk three feet forwards and one backwards
+all the way. A countryman of Picardy undertook the fulfilment of
+this vow, and having employed a whole year in the task, was
+rewarded with a title and a large sum of money.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<p>The Romans deposed their Dictator, Minutius, and the general of
+their cavalry, Caius Flaminius, on the same day they had been
+elected, because one of the citizens of Rome had heard a mouse
+squeak.</p>
+
+<p>A.V.M.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>NAPKINS.</h3>
+
+<p>When Diego de Torres, the Spanish ambassador, in 1547, first
+dined with the Emperor of Morocco at his court, he was amused by
+the customs of the table; neither knives, forks, nor spoons, were
+provided; but each person helped himself with his fingers, and
+cleaned his hands with his tongue, excepting the emperor, who wiped
+the hand he took his meat up with on the head of a black boy, ten
+years old, who stood by his side. The ambassador smiled, and the
+emperor observing it, asked what Christian kings wiped their hands
+with at meals, and what such things were worth? "Fine napkins,"
+replied the ambassador, "a clean one at every meal, worth a crown a
+piece or more." "Don't you think this napkin much better," said the
+emperor, wiping his hand again on the black boy's head, "which is
+worth seventy or eighty crowns."</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>JUSTICE.</h3>
+
+<p>"What is your fare, coachee," said a stout gentleman alighting
+from a hackney-coach.</p>
+
+<p><i>Coachee</i>.&mdash;"One shilling, sir."</p>
+
+<p><i>Gent</i>.&mdash;"One shilling! What an imposition for such a
+short distance."</p>
+
+<p><i>Coachee</i>.&mdash;"I'll take my oath that is my fare."</p>
+
+<p><i>Gent</i>.&mdash;"Will you? very well, I am a magistrate,
+proceed&mdash;(<i>Coachee is sworn</i>)&mdash;That will do, the
+shilling I shall keep for the affidavit."</p>
+
+<hr />
+<p>Philip III. King of Spain, wept at an <i>Auto da F&eacute;</i>,
+because he saw so many fellow creatures inhumanly tormented. This
+was thought by the Grand Inquisitor to be a great sin, and he
+terrified the king so much with his remonstrances, that Philip
+suffered himself to be bled, and the blood to be given to the
+common executioner, to be burnt at the next <i>Auto da
+F&eacute;</i>, by way of penance.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<p><i>Cobweb</i> comes from the Dutch word <i>Kopwebbe</i>; and
+<i>Kop</i> in that language signifies a spider.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<p>(S.I.B.'s interesting paper on the Birth of Edward VI. and Death
+of Queen Jane Seymour, did not reach us till our description of
+Hampton Court was ready for press: our Correspondent's contribution
+shall appear next week.)</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<h4>LIMBIRD'S EDITION OF THE FOLLOWING NOVELS IS ALREADY
+PUBLISHED:</h4>
+
+<pre>
+                                       <i>s.</i>    <i>d.</i>
+Mackenzie's Man of Feeling .  .  .  .  0     6
+Paul and Virginia .  .  .  .  .  .  .  0     6
+The Castle of Otranto.  .  .  .  .  .  0     6
+Almoran and Hamet .  .  .  .  .  .  .  0     6
+Elizabeth, or the Exiles of Siberia .  0     6
+The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne  .  0     6
+Rasselas .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  0     8
+The Old English Baron.  .  .  .  .  .  0     8
+Nature and Art .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  0     8
+Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield.  .  .  0    10
+Sicilian Romance  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  1     0
+The Man of the World .  .  .  .  .  .  1     0
+A Simple Story .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  1     4
+Joseph Andrews .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  1     6
+Humphry Clinker.  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  1     8
+The Romance of the Forest  .  .  .  .  1     8
+The Italian .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  2     0
+Zeluco, by Dr. Moore .  .  .  .  .  .  2     6
+Edward, by Dr. Moore .  .  .  .  .  .  2     6
+Roderick Random   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  2     6
+The Mysteries of Udolpho.  .  .  .  .  3     6
+Peregrine Pickle  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  4     6
+</pre>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote1" name=
+"footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b> <a href=
+"#footnotetag1">(return)</a>
+
+<p>An obsolete French term of salutation, abridged from <i>Bon prou
+vous</i>, i.e. much good may it do you.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote2" name=
+"footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b> <a href=
+"#footnotetag2">(return)</a>
+
+<p>Stow's Annals.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote3" name=
+"footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b> <a href=
+"#footnotetag3">(return)</a>
+
+<p>Fuller's Church History.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote4" name=
+"footnote4"></a><b>Footnote 4:</b> <a href=
+"#footnotetag4">(return)</a>
+
+<p>Rymer's Foedera.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote5" name=
+"footnote5"></a><b>Footnote 5:</b> <a href=
+"#footnotetag5">(return)</a>
+
+<p>Clarendon's History of the Rebellion.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote6" name=
+"footnote6"></a><b>Footnote 6:</b> <a href=
+"#footnotetag6">(return)</a>
+
+<p>Cibber tells us that the expenses of each play were &pound;50.
+and the players were allowed the same sum. The King likewise gave
+the managers &pound;200. more, for all the performances. For the
+last play, the actors received &pound;100. One of the plays acted
+here was Shakspeare's Henry VIII&mdash;thus making the palace the
+scene of Wolseys downfall, as it had been of his splendour.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote7" name=
+"footnote7"></a><b>Footnote 7:</b> <a href=
+"#footnotetag7">(return)</a>
+
+<p>For an Engraving of the <i>Maze</i>, see MIRROR, vol. vi. page
+105.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote8" name=
+"footnote8"></a><b>Footnote 8:</b> <a href=
+"#footnotetag8">(return)</a>
+
+<p>History of Whalley.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11455 ***</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+
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+
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+
+No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #11455 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/11455)
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and
+Instruction, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction
+       Volume 14, No. 385, Saturday, August 15, 1829.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: March 5, 2004 [EBook #11455]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 385 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Nicolas Hayes and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team.
+
+
+
+
+
+THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.
+
+VOL. XIV, NO. 385.] SATURDAY, AUGUST 15, 1829. [PRICE 2d.
+
+
+
+
+HAMPTON COURT.
+
+
+[Illustration: Hampton Court]
+
+
+Here is a bird's-eye view of a royal palace and domain "cut out in
+little stars." It is copied from one of Kipp's Views in Great Britain
+in the time of Queen Anne, and affords a correct idea of Hampton Court
+in all its olden splendour.
+
+The palace is situated on the north bank of the Thames, two miles west
+from Kingston. It was magnificently built by Cardinal Wolsey. After he
+became possessed of the lease of the manor of Hampton, "he bestowed,"
+says Stow, "great cost of building upon it, converting the
+mansion-house into so stately a palace, that it is said to have
+excited much envy; to avoid which, in the year 1526, he gave it to the
+king, who in recompense thereof licensed him to lie in his manor of
+Richmond at his pleasure; and so he lay there at certain times;" but
+it appears that Wolsey after this occasionally inhabited the palace
+(perhaps as keeper;) for in 1527, when some French ambassadors were
+in England, the king sent them to be entertained by the Cardinal at
+Hampton Court. The preparations for this purpose are detailed in a
+MS. copy of Cavendish's _Life of Wolsey_, in the British Museum, and
+afford the reader some idea of the magnificent taste of the prelate in
+matters of state and show. The Cardinal was commanded to receive the
+ambassadors with surpassing splendour; then "my Lord Cardinal sent
+me (Mr. Cavendish) being his gentleman usher, with two other of my
+fellows thither, to foresee all things touching our rooms to be nobly
+garnished"--"accordingly our pains were not small nor light, but daily
+travelling up and down from chamber to chamber; then wrought the
+carpenters, joiners, masons, and all other artificers necessary to be
+had to glorify this noble feast." He tells us of "expert cookes, and
+connyng persons in the art of cookerie; the cookes wrought both day
+and night with suttleties and many crafty devices, where lacked
+neither gold, silver, nor other costly things meet for their
+purpose"--"280 beds furnished with all manner of furniture to
+them, too long particularly to be rehearsed, but all wise men do
+sufficiently know what belongeth to the furniture thereof, and that is
+sufficient at this time to be said." Wolsey's arrival during the feast
+is described quaintly enough: "Before the second course my lord came
+in booted and spurred, all sodainely amongst them _proface_;[1] at
+whose coming there was great joy, with rising every man from his
+place, whom my lord caused to sit still, and keep their roomes, and
+being in his apparel as he rode, called for a chayre and sat down in
+the middest of the high paradise, laughing and being as merry as ever
+I saw him in all my lyff." The whole party drank long and strong, some
+of the Frenchmen were led off to bed, and in the chambers of all was
+placed abundance of "wine and beere."
+
+Henry VIII. added considerably to Wolsey's building, and in the latter
+part of his reign, it became one of his principal residences. Among
+the events connected with the palace are the following:--
+
+Edward VI. was born at Hampton Court, October 12, 1537, and his
+mother, Queen Jane Seymour, died there on the 14th of the same
+month.[2] Her corpse was conveyed to Windsor by water, where she was
+buried, November 12. Catharine Howard was openly showed as Queen, at
+Hampton Court, August 8, 1540. Catharine Parr was married to the King
+at this palace, and proclaimed Queen, July 12, 1543. In 1558, Mary and
+Philip kept Christmas here with great solemnity, when the large hall
+was illuminated with 1,000 lamps. Queen Elizabeth frequently resided,
+and gave many superb entertainments here, in her reign. In 1603-4, the
+celebrated conference between Presbyterians and the Established Church
+was held here before James I. as moderator, in a withdrawing-room
+within the privy-chamber, on the subject of Conformity. All the Lords
+of the Council were present, and the conference lasted three days; a
+new translation of the Bible was ordered, and some alterations were
+made in the Liturgy.[3]
+
+Charles I. retired to Hampton Court on account of the plague, in 1625,
+when a proclamation prohibited all communication between London,
+Southwark, or Lambeth, and this place.[4] Charles was brought here
+by the army, August 24, 1647, and lived in a state of splendid
+imprisonment, being allowed to keep up the state and retinue of a
+court, till November 11, following, when he made his escape[5] to the
+Isle of Wight.
+
+In 1651, the Honour and Palace of Hampton were sold to creditors of
+the state; but previously to 1657 it came into the possession of
+Cromwell, who made it one of his chief residences. Elizabeth, his
+daughter, was here publicly married to the Lord Falconberg; and the
+Protector's favourite child, Mrs. Claypoole, died here, and was
+conveyed with great pomp to Westminster Abbey.
+
+The palace was occasionally inhabited by Charles II. and James II.
+King William resided much at Hampton Court; he pulled down great part
+of the old palace, which then consisted of five quadrangles, and
+employed Sir Christopher Wren to build on its site the Fountain Court,
+or State Apartments. In July, 1689, the Duke of Gloucester, son of the
+Princess, afterwards Queen Anne, was born here. The Queen sojourned
+at Hampton occasionally, as did her successors George I. and II.; but
+George III. never resided here. When his late serene highness William
+the Fifth, Stadtholder of the United Provinces, was condemned to quit
+his country by the French, this palace was appropriated to his use;
+and he resided here several years. The principal domestic apartments
+of Hampton Court are now occupied by different private families, who
+have grants for life from the crown.
+
+The palace consists of three grand quadrangles: the western
+quadrangle, or entrance court is 167 feet 2 inches, north to south,
+and 141 feet 7 inches, east to west. This leads to the second, or
+middle quadrangle, 133 feet 6 inches, north to south, and 91 feet 10
+inches, east to west; this is usually called the Clock Court, from a
+curious astronomical clock by Tompion, over the gateway of the eastern
+side; on the southern side is a colonnade of Ionic pillars by Wren. On
+the north is the great hall: as this is not mentioned by Cavendish,
+probably it was part of Henry's building. It certainly was not
+finished till 1536 or 1537, as appears from initials of the King and
+Jane Seymour, joined in a true lover's knot, amongst the decorations;
+this hall is 106 feet long, and 40 broad. Queen Caroline had a theatre
+erected here, in which it was intended that two plays should be
+acted weekly during the stay of the Court; but only seven plays were
+performed in it by the Drury Lane company,[6] and one afterwards
+before the
+
+
+    [1] An obsolete French term of salutation, abridged from _Bon prou
+    vous_, i.e. much good may it do you.
+
+    [2] Stow's Annals.
+
+    [3] Fuller's Church History.
+
+    [4] Rymer's Foedera.
+
+    [5] Clarendon's History of the Rebellion.
+
+    [6] Cibber tells us that the expenses of each play were £50. and
+    the players were allowed the same sum. The King likewise gave the
+    managers £200. more, for all the performances. For the last
+    play, the actors received £100. One of the plays acted here was
+    Shakspeare's Henry VIII--thus making the palace the scene of
+    Wolseys downfall, as it had been of his splendour.
+
+
+Duke of Lorraine, afterwards Emperor of Germany. The theatrical
+appurtenances were not, however, removed till the year 1798. Adjoining
+the hall is the Board of Green Cloth Room, of nearly the same date,
+and hung with fine tapestry.
+
+The eastern quadrangle, or Fountain Court, erected by Sir Christopher
+Wren for King William, in 1690, is 100 feet by 177 feet 3 inches. Here
+is the King's Gallery, 117 feet by 23 feet 6 inches, which was fitted
+up for the Cartoons of Raphael. On the eastern side of the court is
+a room in which George I. and George II. frequently dined in public.
+North-west of the Fountain Court stands the chapel, which forms the
+southern side of the quadrangle; this was partly built by Wolsey, and
+was finished by Henry VIII. in 1536, or 1537. The windows were of
+beautifully stained glass, and the walls decorated with paintings, but
+these embellishments were demolished in the troublous times of 1745.
+The chapel was, however, restored by Queen Anne; the floor is of black
+and white marble, the pews are of Norway oak, and there is some fine
+carving by Gibbons; the roof is plain Gothic with pendent ornaments.
+
+It is hardly possible for us, within the limits of our columns to do
+justice to the magnificence of Hampton Court. The grand facade towards
+the garden extends 330 feet, and that towards the Thames 328 feet. The
+portico and colonnade, of duplicated pillars of the Ionic order, at
+the grand entrance, and indeed, the general design of the elevations,
+are in splendid style. On the south side of the palace is the privy
+garden, which was sunk ten feet, to open a view from the apartments to
+the Thames. On the northern side is a tennis court, and beyond that a
+gate which leads into the wilderness or _Maze_.[7] Further on is the
+great gate of the gardens.
+
+The gardens, which comprise about 44 acres, were originally laid out
+by London and Wise. George III. gave the celebrated Brown permission
+to make whatever improvements his fine taste might suggest; but he
+declared his opinion that they appeared to the best advantage in their
+original state, and they accordingly remain so to this day. The extent
+of the kitchen gardens is about 12 acres. In the privy garden is a
+grape house 70 feet in length, and 14 in breadth; the interior being
+wholly occupied by one vine of the black Hamburgh kind, which was
+planted in the year 1769, and has in a single year, produced 2,200
+bunches of grapes, weighing, on an average, one pound each.
+
+The grotesque forms of the gardens, and the mathematical taste in
+which they are disposed, are advantageously seen in a bird's-eye view
+as in the Engraving, which represents the tortuous beauty of the
+parterres, and the pools, fountains, and statues with characteristic
+accuracy. The formal avenues, radiating as it were, from the gardens
+or centre, are likewise distinctly shown, as is also the canal formed
+by Wolsey through the middle avenue. The intervening space, then a
+parklike waste, is now planted with trees, and stretches away to the
+village of Thames Ditton; and is bounded on the south by the Thames,
+and on the north by the high road to Kingston.
+
+The palace is open to the public, and besides its splendid apartments,
+and numerous buildings, there is a valuable collection of pictures,
+which are too celebrated to need enumeration. A curious change has
+taken place in the occupancy of some apartments--many rooms originally
+intended for domestic offices being now tenanted by gentry. The
+whole is a vast assemblage of art, and reminds us of the palace of
+Versailles, which is about the same distance from Paris as Hampton
+Court from London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+GREECE.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+  Alas! for fair Greece, how her glories are failed,
+  Her altars are broken, her trophies are gone,
+  The Crescent her temples and shrines hath invaded,
+  And Freedom hath bow'd to the Mussulman throne.
+
+  Fair Liberty say! shall the land of Achilles
+  Reluctantly cherish a dastardly slave,
+  Who can crouch at the foot of a despot, whose will is
+  As fickle as wind, and as rude as the wave?
+  Shall the ashes of heroes enshrouded in glory,
+  Be spurn'd in contempt by a barbarous horde,
+  While their sons idly tremble like boys at a story,
+  And shudder to gaze on the point of a sword?
+
+  Shall Greece, still as lovely as maiden in sorrow,
+  By Freedom's bright ray ne'er be beam'd on again?
+  Shall the sun of Engia ne'er rise on the morrow
+  That lightens her thraldom or loosens her chain?
+  Oh say, shall the proud eye of scorn fall unheeded,
+  The hand, taunting, point to "the land of the brave,"
+  And say that Achaia's fair daughters e'er needed
+  An arm to protect them--a hero to save.
+
+  Rise! courage alone your base station can alter,
+  Let Beauty, let Liberty, spirit you on,
+  And while fetters and stripes are their portion who falter,
+  Remember that Freedom's the stake to be won.
+
+
+J.O.B.
+
+    [7] For an Engraving of the _Maze_, see MIRROR, vol. vi. page 105.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ESCAPE OF CHARLES II.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+In No. 376, of the MIRROR, is a communication from _W.W._ respecting
+the pension granted by Charles II. to the Pendrils, for aiding him in
+his escape, after the fatal battle of Worcester. There was another
+family who enjoyed a pension from the same monarch, named Tattersall,
+one of whom conveyed Charles from Brighton in his open fishing-boat.
+A descendant is now living at that place, but the family, through
+ignorance and neglect, have ceased to enjoy the grant.
+
+The house in which the king rested at Brighton, is now an inn, in West
+Street, called the King's Head, and is kept by a Mr. Eales.
+
+H. BERGER.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+LINES WRITTEN IN A LADY'S ALBUM.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+  The star is set that lighted me
+  Thro' Fancy's wide domain,
+  And the fairy paths of poesy,
+  I now may seek in vain.
+
+  'Tis but when Sorrow's clouds appear,
+  In frowning darkness o'er me,
+  The light of Song bursts forth to cheer
+  The gloomy path before me.
+
+  As o'er the dusky waves at night,
+  Oft Mariners behold
+  That ocean-form, St. Ermo's light,
+  When tempests are foretold.
+
+  Two reasons in my mind arise.
+  Why Song is _now_ denied me;--
+  No light can venture near thine eyes,
+  Nor Grief--when thou'rt beside me!
+
+E.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MINSTREL BALLAD.
+
+WRITTEN ON A FLYLEAF OF A VOLUME OF ONE OF THE "WAVERLEY NOVELS."
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+  Waken, lords and ladies gay,
+  On the mountain dawns the day,
+  All the jolly chase is here,
+  With hawk and horse, and hunting spear;
+  Hounds are in their couples yelling,
+  Hawks are whistling, horns are knelling,
+  Merrily, merrily, mingle they,
+  "Waken, lords and ladies gay."
+
+  Waken, lords and ladies gay,
+  The mist has left the mountain grey,
+  Springlets in the dawn are streaming,
+  Diamonds on the brake are gleaming,
+  And foresters have busy been,
+  To track the buck in thicket green;
+  Now we come to chant our lay,
+  "Waken, lords and ladies gay."
+
+  Waken, lords and ladies gay,
+  To the green wood haste away,
+  We can show you where he lies,
+  Fleet of foot, and tall of size;
+  We can show the marks he made
+  When 'gainst the oak his antlers frayed;
+  You shall see him brought to bay.
+  "Waken, lords and ladies gay."
+
+  Louder, louder, chant the lay,
+  Waken, lords and ladies say,
+  Tell them youth, and mirth and glee,
+  Run a course as well as we,
+  Time, stern huntsman! who can balk,
+  Stanch as hound, and fleet as hawk?
+  Think of this, without delay,
+  Gentle lords and ladies gay.
+
+C.C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE SKETCH-BOOK
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+PHYSIOGNOMY OF HOUSES.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+Houses undoubtedly present to the eye of fancy, an appearance
+analogous to physiognomical expression in men. The remark has been
+made by more acute observers than myself.
+
+Look at that beetle-browed, solemn looking mansion with a ponderous
+hat-roof--I mean of slates, garnished with bay windows--observe its
+heavy jaws of areas, its hard, close mouth of a door; its dark, deep
+sunken eyes of windows peering out from the heavy brow of dark stone
+coping that supports the slate hat in question: what a contrast to
+the spruce mock gentility of its neighbour, with a stand-up collar of
+white steps, a varnished face, and a light, jaunty, yet stiff air,
+like a city apprentice in his best clothes.
+
+See the cap on the temple of that Chinese Mandarin, poking above yon
+clump of firs, with its bell furniture; he seems pondering on the
+aphorisms of Confucius, regardless of that booby faced conservatory,
+whose bald, rounded pate glitters in the sun. Ah! what have we here; a
+spruce masquerader in yellow straw hat, trying to look rural with as
+much success as a reed thatched summer house. Stand in this quiet nook
+a few hours, and give us the shadow of your mushroom covering.
+
+There is a poor, forlorn wretch with his rags fluttering about him
+like a beggar--give him a penny--he must be in distress--look at
+his shattered face and dilapidated form; shored up upon crutches,
+tottering on the brink of the sewers--shores I mean--of eternity;
+behold his crushed and crownless hat--his hollow eyes--his rheumy
+visage--look at that petition penned on his breast. Poh! 'tis a
+surveyor's notice to pull down. But, then, look at that plurality
+parson with rotund prominence of portico, and red brick cheeks of vast
+extent, and that high, steeple-crowned hat--look at the smug, mean,
+insignificant dwarf of a meeting-house, sinking up to its knees in a
+narrow lane, and looking as blank as a wall, with a trap-door of a
+mouth, and a grating cast of eye. How yonder bridegroom, just cemented
+in an alliance that will not last out his lease of life, "spick and
+span new," all eyes, and a double row of buttons ornamenting his
+latticed waistcoat, looks at his adored opposite, who holds her
+Venetian parasol--sun shade--before her face, glowing like a red brick
+wall in the sun. Ah! his regards are attracted by a modest little
+nymph of the grove, seated snugly in a sylvan recess, her pretty white
+cheeks peeping out beneath the tresses of honeysuckle and woodbine
+that veil her beauty. Well, _railing_ is in this case allowable, for
+see that brazen front of maiden sixty, guiltless of curls, with a huge
+structure of bonnet cocked straight at the top of her head, like the
+roof of a market-house, and her broad, square skirts of faded green,
+deformed by formal knots of yew and holly. Look with what a blushless
+face of triumph she eyes her poor tottering neighbour opposite, who
+never appears destined "to suffer a recovery." Oh, 'tis remorseless!
+But look down that vista of charity children in slate coloured Quaker
+bonnets, stuck one against the other in drab, like pins in a paper,
+but not so bright; are they going to stand there for ever, with their
+governess at their head, looking as smug and fubsy as the squat house
+at the end? Why 'tis--street!--Look at the pump at the other end, that
+might pass for an abridgment of a parish clerk--and see, there comes
+stalking across the Green the parish beadle, with a great white
+placard in his hat--you might well mistake him for Alderman ----'s
+monument in red brick with the marble tablet on the top of it. Ah! my
+pretty rustic--why your straw hat and brown stuff frock, with white
+bib, and that gay flowered apron, with the sprig of jessamine stuck
+at your side--you look so homely and comely beneath the shade of that
+tall oak, that I could fancy you were only the shepherd's cottage
+at the corner of the grange. Bless me--here's a modern antique,
+masquerading in the country!--why a village belle of queen Bess' days,
+looking as new and as fresh as the young 'squire's lodge, fresh out
+of the hands of his fancy architect. More mummery! why this gentleman
+looks as fine and as foolish in his affectation of rugged points and
+quaint angles, as a staring, white-washed, Gothic villa with the paint
+not yet dry. Oh! there is certainly no denying that thou art the
+primest of Quakers, Mr. Chapel, one that will not countenance a
+_belle_, but lookest right onward in smooth and demure solidity, with
+that strip of white path in front of thy brown gravel waistcoat, and
+the ample skirts of thy road-coloured surtout; not so your neighbour
+Sturdy, him with his chimney like an ink bottle, upright in his
+button hole, and his pen-like poplar in his hand; he is equally
+uncompromising, but looks with an eye of stern regard upon that gay
+sprig of myrtle with his roof of a hat, jauntily clapped on one side,
+and a towering charming feather, streaming like smoke in the breeze.
+But whither have my vagaries led me--here I am once more in the
+dullest of dull country towns, over which strides the gouty old dean,
+like a Gothic arch across a cathedral city; and see how the wealthy
+innkeeper dangles his broad medal (sign of his having been in the
+yeomanry) that swings to the wind like the banner of his troop--how
+contemptuously he eyes that solid looking overseer, the workhouse,
+with his right and lefthand men the executioners of the law--Stocks
+and Cage--oh! turn away--there is that villanous cross barred gripe
+the Jail--enough, enough, indeed.
+
+LAVATERIELLO.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+MANNERS & CUSTOMS OF ALL NATIONS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+CURIOUS CEREMONY OF DRIVING DEER THROUGH THE WATER (FORMERLY
+PRACTISED) IN LYME PARK, CHESHIRE.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+Ormerod, in his splendid _History of Cheshire_, says, "The park of
+Lyme, which is very extensive, is celebrated for the fine flavour of
+its venison, and contains a herd of wild cattle, the remains of a
+breed which has been kept here from time immemorial, and is supposed
+indigenous. In the last century a custom was observed here of driving
+the deer round the park about Midsummer, or rather earlier, collecting
+them in a body before the house, and then swimming them through a pool
+of water, with which the exhibition terminated." There is a large
+print of it by Vivares, after a painting by T. Smith, representing
+Lyme Park during the performance of the annual ceremony, with the
+great Vale of Cheshire and Lancashire, as far as the Rivington Hills
+in the distance, and in the foreground the great body of the deer
+passing through the pool, the last just entering it, and the old stags
+emerging on the opposite bank, two of which are contending with their
+fore-feet, the horns at that season being too tender to combat with.
+This "art of driving the deer" like a herd of ordinary cattle, is
+stated on a monument, at Disley, to have been first perfected by
+Joseph Watson, who died in 1753, at the age of 104, "having been
+park-keeper at Lyme more than sixty-four years." The custom, however,
+appears not to have been peculiar to Lyme, as Dr. Whitaker describes,
+in his _Account of Townley_, (the seat of a collateral line of Legh,)
+"near the summit of the park, and where it declines to the south, the
+remains of a large pool, through which tradition reports that the deer
+were driven by their keepers in the manner still practised in the park
+at Lyme."[8]
+
+Lyme Park is situated near the road from Manchester to London, through
+Buxton, adjacent to the picturesque village of Disley.
+
+Lyme Hall is the seat of the principal of the ancient family of Leghs.
+Perkins _à Legh_, a Norman, who was buried in Macclesfield Church,
+rendered considerable services in the battle of Cressy, for which he
+was presented with the estate and lordship of Lyme. The building is,
+in part, of the date of Elizabeth; and the other a regular structure,
+from a design of Leoni.
+
+P.T.W.
+
+    [8] History of Whalley.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+STANNARY PARLIAMENT.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+In the Forest of Dartmoor, Devonshire, between Tavistock and Chegford,
+is a high hill, called Crocken Tor, where the tinners of this county
+are obliged by their charter to assemble their parliaments, or the
+jurats who are commonly gentlemen within the jurisdiction, chosen
+from the four stannary courts of coinage in this county, of which the
+lord-warden is judge. The jurats being met to the number sometimes of
+two or three hundred, in this desolate place, are quite exposed to the
+weather and have no other place to sit upon but a moor-stone bench,
+and no refreshments but what they bring with them; for this reason the
+steward immediately adjourns the court to Tavistock, or some other
+stannary town.
+
+HALBERT H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+DOWRUCK.
+
+
+In different parts of the North of England it is customary for the
+labouring men to come before their masters at the close of their
+_dowruck_ (day's work,) and inform him of their labours; the number of
+hours their work took them are cut in notches upon an ash stick, and
+at the end of the week when the men are paid, the stick is produced,
+which immediately shows what each man is entitled to.
+
+W.H.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FAITOUR LANE,
+
+
+Or as it is now called, Fetter Lane, is a term used by Chaucer, for an
+idle fellow. The propriety of its denomination is indisputable.
+
+W.H.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ROBIN HOOD.
+
+
+At Brough Sowerby, in Westmoreland, is an ale-house bearing the sign
+of Robin Hood, with the following lines beneath it:--
+
+
+  "Good frinds, good frinds, my ale is good.
+  It is the sign of Robin Hood,
+  If Robin Hood be not at hoame,
+  Step in and drink with Littel Johne."
+
+W.H.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+JACK OF HILTON, THE BRAZEN IMAGE, ALIAS AN AEOLIPILE.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+Dr. Plot, in his _History of Staffordshire_, says, "The following
+service is due from the Lord of Essington, in Staffordshire, to the
+Lord of Hilton, about a mile distant, viz. that the Lord of the Manor
+of Essington, shall bring a goose every New year's day, and drive it
+round the fire in the hall at Hilton, at least three times, whilst
+_Jack of Hilton_ is blowing the fire. Now Jack of Hilton is a little
+hollow image of brass, of about twelve inches high, kneeling upon his
+left knee, and holding his right hand upon his head, having a little
+hole in the place of the mouth, about the bigness of a great pin's
+head, and another in the back about two-thirds of an inch diameter, at
+which last hole it is filled with water, it holding about four pints
+and a quarter, which when set to a strong fire, evaporates after the
+same manner as in an _Aeolipile_, and vents itself at the smaller hole
+at the mouth in a constant blast, blowing the fire so strongly that it
+is very audible, and makes a sensible impression on that part of the
+fire where the blast lights, as I found by experience, May 26, 1680.
+After the Lord of Essington, or his deputy, or bayliffe, has driven
+the goose round the fire (at least three times) whilst this image
+blows it, he carries it into the kitchen of Hilton Hall, and delivers
+it to the cook, who having dressed it, the Lord of Essington, or his
+bayliffe, by way of further service, brings it to the table of the
+Lord paramount of Hilton and Essington, and receives a dish of meat
+from the said Lord of Hilton's table, for his own mess."
+
+The Aeolipile, in hydraulics, is an instrument consisting of a hollow
+metallic ball, with a slender neck or pipe, arising from it. This
+being filled with water, and thus exposed to the fire, produces a
+vehement blast of wind.
+
+This instrument, Des Cartes and others, have made use of, to account
+for the natural cause and generation of wind; and hence its name,
+Aeolipile, _pila Aeoli_, Aeolus's ball.
+
+In Italy it is said that the Aeolipile is commonly made use of to cure
+smoky chimneys; for being hung over the fire, the blast arising from
+it carries up the loitering smoke along with it. This instrument was
+known to the ancients, and is mentioned by Vitruvius.
+
+Some late authors have discovered the extraordinary use to which the
+frauds of the heathen priesthood applied the Aeolipile, viz. the
+working of sham miracles. Besides _Jack of Hilton_, which had been
+an ancient Saxon, image, or idol, Mr. Weber shows, that _Pluster_, a
+celebrated German idol, is also of the Aeolipile kind, and in virtue
+thereof, could do noble feats: being filled with a fluid, and then
+set on the fire, it would be covered with sweat, and as the heat
+increased, would at length burst out into flames.
+
+An Aeolipile of great antiquity, made of brass, was some years since
+dug up on the site of the Basingstoke Canal, and presented to the
+Antiquarian Society of London. Instead of being globular, with a bent
+tube, it is in the form of a grotesque human figure, and the blast
+proceeds from its mouth.
+
+P.T.W.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ORIGIN OF WEARING THE VEIL.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+The origin of the veil is referred by the Greeks to modesty and
+bashfulness.
+
+About thirty furlongs from the city of Sparta, Icarius placed a
+statue of MODESTY, for the purpose of perpetuating the following
+incident:--Icarius having married his daughter to Ulysses, solicited
+his son-in-law to fix his household in Sparta, and remain there with
+his wife, to which Ulysses would not consent.
+
+Icarius made the request to his daughter, conjuring her not to abandon
+him, but seeing her ready to depart with Ulysses, for Ithaca, he
+redoubled his efforts to detain her, nor could he be prevailed on to
+desist from following the chariot on the way.
+
+Ulysses wearied with the importunities of Icarius, said to his wife,
+"_You_ can best answer this request; it is yours to determine whether
+you will remain with your father at Sparta, or depart with your
+husband for Ithaca; you are mistress of the decision."
+
+The beautiful Penelope finding herself in this dilemma, blushed, and
+without making the least reply, drew her veil over her face, thereby
+intimating a denial to her father's request, and sunk into the arms of
+her husband.
+
+Icarius, very sensibly affected by this behaviour, and being desirous
+of transmitting it to posterity by the most durable monument,
+consecrated a statue to Modesty, on the very spot where Penelope had
+thrown the veil over her face; that after her it might be a universal
+symbol of delicacy among the fair sex.
+
+C.K.W.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The manners of the Welsh must have been even less delicate than those
+of the Anglo-Saxons; for they thought it necessary to make a law,
+"that none of the courtiers should give the queen a blow, or snatch
+any thing with violence from her, under the penalty of incurring her
+majesty's displeasure."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FUNERAL OF A BURMESE PRIEST.
+
+
+The funeral pile, in this case, is a car on wheels; and the body is
+blown away, from a huge wooden cannon or mortar, with the purpose, I
+believe, of conveying the soul more rapidly to heaven! Immense crowds
+are collected on occasions of these funerals, which, far from being
+conducted with mourning or solemnity, are occasions of rude mirth and
+boisterous rejoicing. Ropes are attached to each extremity of the car,
+and pulled in opposite directions by adverse parties; one of these
+being for consuming the body, the other for opposing it. The
+latter are at length overcome, fire is set to the pile amidst loud
+acclamations, and the ceremony is consummated.--_Crawford's Embassy to
+Ava_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PLAN FOR A NEW CITY.
+
+
+[Illustration: Plan For A New City]
+
+(_To the Editor of The Mirror_.)
+
+
+The various ages, interests, and tastes which govern the progressive
+growth of cities, seem to be irremediable causes of the irregularity
+and inconvenience of their final formations or plans--and until this
+illustrious age of magnanimous projects and improvements, it would
+have been thought ridiculous to offer any radical expedient for a
+general improvement in the plans of cities; but _now_ that we see
+_new_ cities growing round the metropolis, and new towns planned for
+the distant dominions of Great Britain, it seems to be a convenient
+season for explaining my notions respecting the general plan of a
+city, with regard _only to the directions of the streets_, which after
+the repeated consideration of fifty years, I have concluded may, and
+ought to be, all straight streets, from _every extremity_, to the
+opposite, whatever be the form of the _outermost_ boundary of the city
+or town.--These _conclusions_ would most probably have passed off in
+silence, but for an accidental fancy arising in my mind, on reading
+lately in the Psalms, "_Jerusalem is a city that is in unity with
+itself_." This text awakened my dormant ideas on the proper formation
+of streets, and anticipating the reunion of the Jews, I began the
+accompanying sketch for a "_Holy City_," or "_a New Jerusalem_," which
+accounts for the twelve gates according with the original number of
+the tribes of Israel, and the ten streets which diverge from each gate
+are symbolic of the Ten Commandments, wherein they were commanded to
+walk; the twelve circular areas I thought to be properly dedicated to
+the Twelve Apostles of Christianity, under the idea that when the
+Jews are again called together it will be under the new covenant of
+Christianity, so that nothing could (in that case) be more appropriate
+than placing the original propagators of it where so many paths led
+towards them--and after fixing the place of public worship in the
+centre, my orthodoxy ceased to affect my scheme, for want of that
+technical knowledge which further detail would require--and having
+accomplished my favourite determination of planning a town without
+winding streets or crooked lanes. I offer it to the MIRROR as an
+amusing novelty for the entertainment of its numerous readers. I think
+it would be not inappropriate to call it the Royal City of _Victoria_.
+
+CHARLES MATTER.
+
+(To the ingenious designer of the annexed sketch, we are likewise
+indebted for the Plan for a Maze, in our Vol. vii. page 233. Mr. H.
+very pertinently observes to us "imagine what would have been said of
+this plan for a city, had Belzoni or Buckingham found exactly such a
+one in Assyria or Egypt,--of antique date?")
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE SELECTOR; AND LITERARY NOTICES OF NEW WORKS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+NEW EDITION OF THE WAVERLEY NOVELS.
+
+
+It is rather late in the day to speak of what is technically termed
+the "getting-up" of this elegant edition of the most popular works of
+our time. There are now three volumes published--_Waverley_, in two
+vols. and one vol. or half of _Guy Mannering_. Each of the
+former contains upwards of 400 pages, and the latter nearly that
+number--beautifully printed in what we call a very inviting type, on
+excellent paper, of rich colour, and not too garish for the eye of
+the reader. The engravings to _Waverley_ are by Graves, C. Rolls,
+and Raddon, after E.P. and J. Stephanoff, Newton, and Landseer--a
+frontispiece and plate title page and vignette to each volume. To our
+taste the vignettes are exquisite--one by Landseer, _David Gellatley,
+with Ban and Buscar_, is extremely beautiful. The illustrations to the
+volume of _Guy Mannering_ are by Duncan, and C.G. Cooke, after Leslie
+and Kidd. The volumes are in substantial canvass binding. Their low
+price, a crown a-piece, is the marvel of bookselling, for were they
+only reprints without copyright, they would be unprecedentedly cheap.
+The whole series will extend to forty volumes, to be published in
+three years, and will cost ten pounds. Fifteen-pence a week for the
+above term will thus provide a family with one of the most elegant
+drawing-room libraries that can be desired. They will about occupy
+three _cheffonier_ shelves;--or what delightful volumes for fire-side
+shelves, or a "little book-room," or a breakfast parlour opening on
+a carpet of lawn--or to read by the hour, with a golden-haired
+lady-friend, and chat awhile, and then turn to the most attractive
+scenes in the novel, while we ourselves are perhaps enacting the hero
+in a romance of real life. Few novels admit of a second reading;
+but the _Waverley_ series will never lose their attraction--and to
+remember when and where, and with whom you first read each of them,
+may perhaps revive many pleasantries.
+
+Of the literary Notes and emendations of the present edition, we have
+already expressed our opinion by the selection of several of them for
+the pages of the MIRROR; and in the progress of the publication, we
+shall endeavour to award similar justice to each of the works.
+
+In the _Athenaeum_, of August 5, the presumed profit on the whole
+edition is estimated at £100,000.! The calculation of the sale of
+12,000 of each work is a reasonable one, and splendid as, in that
+case, the reward will be, the reading-public will be the gainers.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE FAMILY LIBRARY.
+
+_HISTORY OF THE JEWS._
+
+
+We scarcely know how to do justice to the high character of the series
+of volumes now publishing under this denomination. In printing and
+embellishment they take the lead of the Periodical Works of our day,
+(and some of these are extremely beautiful,) while their literary
+worth is even of superior order. Although they are matter-of-fact
+works--as in history and biography--they are not mere compilations of
+dry details and uninteresting lives; but they are so interspersed with
+new views, and the facts are so often re-written, that the whole have
+the appearance of original works. Excellent principles, and economy of
+cost are, likewise, two important points of their recommendations; for
+many works which have already appeared on the same subjects, have
+been deformed by party spirit, and written to serve a sect, or are
+so expensive as to be purchaseable only by the wealthy ranks, and
+scarcely accessible by the middle classes of society; whereas the
+Family Library is published at a rate within the reach of two-thirds
+of the reading public, who may therefore possess what they read,
+and appreciate the value of these volumes as works of reference and
+authority.
+
+The division of the series which has called forth this notice, is No.
+5, or the first volume of the _History of the Jews_, to be completed
+in three volumes, by the Rev. H.H. Milman, Professor of Poetry at
+Oxford, and the author of the splendid poem--The Fall of Jerusalem;
+and judging by the portion before us, this work will form one of the
+most attractive in the whole series. In proof of this it would be easy
+to select many passages which are beautifully picturesque; a few,
+however, will suffice:
+
+"The Jews, without reference to their religious belief, are among
+the most remarkable people in the annals of mankind. Sprung from one
+stock, they pass the infancy of their nation in a state of servitude
+in a foreign country, where, nevertheless, they increase so rapidly,
+as to appear on a sudden the fierce and irresistible conquerors of
+their native valleys in Palestine. There they settle down under a form
+of government and code of laws totally unlike those of any other rude
+or civilized community. They sustain a long and doubtful conflict,
+sometimes enslaved, sometimes victorious, with the neighbouring
+tribes. At length, united under one monarchy, they gradually rise to
+the rank of a powerful, opulent, and commercial people. Subsequently
+weakened by internal discord, they are overwhelmed by the vast
+monarchies which arose on the banks of the Euphrates, and transplanted
+into a foreign region. They are partially restored, by the generosity
+or policy of the Eastern sovereigns, to their native land. They are
+engaged in wars of the most romantic gallantry, in assertion of their
+independence, against the Syro-Grecian successors of Alexander. Under
+Herod, they rise to a second era of splendour, as a dependent kingdom
+of Rome: finally, they make the last desperate resistance to the
+universal dominion of the Caesars. Scattered from that period over
+the face of the earth--hated, scorned, and oppressed, they subsist,
+a numerous and often a thriving people; and in all the changes of
+manners and opinions retain their ancient institutions, their national
+character, and their indelible hope of restoration to grandeur and
+happiness in their native land. Thus the history of this, perhaps
+the only unmingled race, which can boast of high antiquity, leads us
+through every gradation of society and brings us into contact with
+almost every nation which commands our interest in the ancient world;
+the migratory pastoral population of Asia; Egypt, the mysterious
+parent of arts, science, and legislation; the Arabian Desert; the
+Hebrew theocracy under the form of a federative agricultural republic,
+their kingdom powerful in war and splendid in peace; Babylon, in its
+magnificence and downfall; Grecian arts and luxury endeavouring to
+force an unnatural refinement within the pale of the rigid Mosaic
+institutions; Roman arms waging an exterminating war with the
+independence even of the smallest states; it descends, at length, to
+all the changes in the social state of the modern European and Asiatic
+nations."
+
+At page 32, there is an interesting picture of the state of society in
+Patriarchal times--the whole of the life of Moses is extremely well
+written--the description of the Plague is indeed terrific--and the
+death and character of the Prophet drawn with a masterly and vigorous
+hand. The reigns of David and Solomon, as might be expected, are
+magnificently told. Among the picturesque sketches none exceed the--
+
+DESCRIPTION OF PALESTINE.
+
+"It is almost impossible to calculate with accuracy the area of a
+country, the frontier of which is irregular on every side. Lowman has
+given three different estimates of the extent of territory occupied
+by the twelve tribes, the mean between the two extremes approaches
+probably the nearest to the truth. According to this computation, the
+Jewish dominion, at the time of the Division, was 180 miles long, by
+130 wide, and contained 14,976,000 acres. This quantity of land
+will divide to 600,000 men, about 21-1/2 acres in property, with a
+remainder of 1,976,000 acres for the Levitical cities, the princes of
+tribes, the heads of families, and other public uses. Assuming this
+estate of 21-1/2 acres, assigned to each household, of course a
+larger proportion of pasture must have been given to those tribes who
+subsisted on their herds and flocks, than of arable to those who
+lived by tillage, the portions of the latter, therefore, must be
+considerably reduced. On the other hand, the extraordinary fertility
+of the whole country must be taken into the account. No part was
+waste; very little was occupied by unprofitable wood; the more fertile
+hills were cultivated in artificial terraces, others were hung with
+orchards of fruit trees; the more rocky and barren districts were
+covered with vineyards. Even in the present day, the wars and
+misgovernment of ages have not exhausted the natural richness of the
+soil. Galilee, says Malte Brun, would be a paradise were it inhabited
+by an industrious people, under an enlightened government. No land
+could be less dependent on foreign importation; it bore within itself
+every thing that could be necessary for the subsistence and comfort
+of a simple agricultural people. The climate was healthy, the seasons
+regular; the former rains, which fell about October, after the
+vintage, prepared the ground for the seed; the latter, which prevailed
+during March and the beginning of April, made it grow rapidly.
+Directly the rains ceased, the grain ripened with still greater
+rapidity, and was gathered in before the end of May. The summer months
+were dry and very hot, but the nights cool and refreshed by copious
+dews. In September, the vintage was gathered. Grain of all kinds,
+wheat, barley, millet, zea, and other sorts, grew in abundance; the
+wheat commonly yielded thirty for one. Besides the vine and the
+olive, the almond, the date, figs of many kinds, the orange, the
+pomegranates, and many other fruit-trees, flourished in the greatest
+luxuriance. Great quantity of honey was collected. The balm tree,
+which produced the opobalsamum, a great object of trade, was probably
+introduced from Arabia in the time of Solomon. It nourished about
+Jericho and in Gilead."
+
+This is but a portion of the sketch. The wealth and commerce of the
+country is thus told:
+
+"The only public revenue of the Hebrew commonwealth was that of the
+sacred treasury, the only public expenditure that of the religious
+worship. This was supported by a portion of the spoils taken in war;
+the first fruits, which in their institution were no more than could
+be carried in a basket, at a later period were rated to be one part in
+sixty; the redemption of the first born, and of whatever was vowed to
+the Lord. Almost every thing of the last class might be commuted for
+money according to a fixed scale. The different annual festivals were
+well calculated to promote internal commerce: maritime or foreign
+trade, is scarcely mentioned in the law, excepting in two obscure
+prophetic intimations of advantages, which the tribes of Dan and
+Zebulun were to derive from their maritime situation. On this subject
+the lawgiver could have learned nothing in Egypt. The commerce of that
+country was confined to the inland caravan trade. The Egyptians hated
+or dreaded the sea, which they considered either the dwelling of the
+evil principle, or the evil principle itself. At all events, the
+Hebrews at this period were either blind to the maritime advantages of
+their situation, or unable to profit by them. The ports were the last
+places they conquered. Sidon, if indeed within their boundary, never
+lost its independence; Tyre, if it existed, was a town too obscure to
+be named; Ecdippa and Acco remained in the power of the Canaanites;
+Joppa is not mentioned as a port till much later. The manufactures of
+the people supplied their own wants; they brought from Egypt the arts
+of weaving woollens and linens, stuffs made of fine goats' hair, and
+probably cotton; of dying in various colours, and bleaching, and of
+embroidering; of many kinds of carpenter's work; of building, some
+of the rules of which were regulated by law; of making earthenware
+vessels; of working in iron, brass, and the precious metals, both
+casting them and forming them with the tool; of gilding, engraving
+seals, and various other kinds of ornamental work, which were
+employed in the construction of the altars and sacred vessels of the
+Tabernacle."
+
+Among the illustrative passages we notice the following exquisite
+paragraph on the--
+
+HEBREW POETS.
+
+"THE three most eminent men in the Hebrew annals, Moses, David, and
+Solomon, were three of their most distinguished poets. The hymns of
+David excel no less in sublimity and tenderness of expression than in
+loftiness and purity of religious sentiment. In comparison with them
+the sacred poetry of all other nations sinks into mediocrity. They
+have embodied so exquisitely the universal language of religious
+emotion, that (a few fierce and vindictive passages excepted, natural
+in the warrior-poet of a sterner age,) they have entered with
+unquestioned propriety into the ritual of the holier and more perfect
+religion of Christ. The songs which cheered the solitude of the desert
+caves of Engedi, or resounded from the voice of the Hebrew people as
+they wound along the glens or the hill-sides of Judaea, have been
+repeated for ages in almost every part of the habitable world, in the
+remotest islands of the ocean, among the forests of America or the
+sands of Africa. How many human hearts have they softened, purified,
+exalted!--of how many wretched beings have they been the secret
+consolation!--on how many communities have they drawn down the
+blessings of Divine Providence, by bringing the affections into unison
+with their deep, devotional fervour."
+
+The present volume extends from the time of Abraham to the Babylonian
+Captivity. It is illustrated with three excellent maps, and a few wood
+cuts; but we are convinced that we need add nothing further of its
+contents to recommend the _History of the Jews_ to the attention of
+our readers; for it is one of the most splendid and fascinating works
+in our recollection.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+LIBRARY OF ENTERTAINING KNOWLEDGE.
+
+
+The Fourth Part of this well-arranged publication, is "_The Pursuit of
+Knowledge under difficulties illustrated by Anecdotes_." The matter
+is judiciously divided into chapters, as "Strength of the Passion for
+Knowledge--Humble Station no Obstacle--Obscure Origin--Artists rising
+from the lower to the higher classes--Late Learners--Early Age
+of Great Men--Self-educated Men--Literary Pursuits of
+Soldiers--Merchants, Booksellers, and Printers." All these heads are
+illustrated by anecdotes--some of them well known, others drawn
+from uncommon sources--and all replete with useful information, and
+furnishing an exhaustless store of entertainment. Such a volume is,
+indeed, _a book for the people_, and will do more towards the spread
+of knowledge, and the excitement of those engaged in its pursuit, than
+scores of fine-spun theories cramped up with technicalities. For young
+people we consider this book a real treasure; since the examples
+selected are not those of men who became intoxicated with their
+success, or gave up useful occupation for mere elegant literature or
+experimental knowledge; but the instances are chiefly of such as have
+turned their genius to good account, or for the benefit of themselves
+and their fellow men. We call such men the _honourables of the land_,
+whose examples should be written in letters of gold, and on monuments
+of marble, as helps to social duties and for the imitation of after
+times.
+
+We have marked for our next number a few extracts which will be
+interesting to our readers to explain the mode by which the heads of a
+chapter are illustrated. The biographettes of John Hunter, Simpson, J.
+Stone, and Fergusson, and the introductory illustrations of Newton,
+are the most striking portions of the volume; and they maybe read and
+re-read with increasing advantage. Of Hunter and Fergusson there are
+good portraits.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF DISCOVERY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+_Block Machinery._
+
+
+Mr. Faraday has lately described at the Royal Institution, Brunel's
+Block Machinery at Portsmouth, with a set of magnificent models of
+this admirable invention, which were lent to the Society by the
+Navy Board. They consist of eight separate machines, which work in
+succession, so as to begin and finish off a two-sheaved block four
+inches in length. These were put by Messrs. Maudsley and Field's men
+(who made them) into such communication and action, as to perform the
+set of operations in the most perfect manner.
+
+Mr. F. briefly stated that the Block Machinery of Portsmouth, by
+adjustments, could manufacture blocks of 100 different sizes--could
+with thirty men make 100 per hour; and from the time of its completion
+in 1804-5 to the present day, had required no repairs from Maudsley,
+the original manufacturer. The total cost was given at 46,000 _l_.,
+and the saving per annum in time of war 25,000 _l_. This is a paragon
+of art which we could see again and again.
+
+
+_Enameled Street Names._
+
+The names of the Streets in Paris have been recently put up on
+enameled plates; the ground being blue, and the letters white. The
+substance on which the enameling is performed is lava in slabs; the
+same substance has since been used as the basis of certain enameled
+designs; it is much superior in some points to porcelain in this
+application, because the necessary exposure to fire does not cause it
+to crack in the manner that porcelain does.--_From the French_.
+
+
+_Preservation of Wine Must._
+
+Charcoal was added to grape must, in the proportion of 100 grains to a
+litre (2.1 pints), or if very much inclined to ferment, more
+charcoal was used. When the liquid had settled, and become clear and
+colourless, it was removed from the charcoal, and put into bottles
+or casks, to be closed up, and preserved. It will not enter into
+fermentation, even in close vessels; for the charcoal has absorbed
+the ferment. Nevertheless, the ferment has not lost its powers by
+combination with the carbon; for, if left in the must, the latter
+begins to ferment, but only where in contact with the former.--_From
+the French_.
+
+
+_Weevils in Granaries._
+
+Wash the floor and sides of the granary with a mixture of urine and
+water before the corn is stored up; this washing is to be repeated
+several times, the walls and floors of the granary being well swept
+between each operation.--_From the French_.
+
+
+_French Eggs and Apples._
+
+In the year 1827 there were 63,109,618 hen's eggs, and 14,182 bushels
+of apples imported from France into England.
+
+
+_Enlargement of Artichokes._
+
+The gardeners in the south of France increase the size of artichokes
+by splitting the stem into four at the base of the receptacle, and
+introducing two small sticks in the form of a cross. This operation
+should not be made until the stem has attained the height it ought to
+have.--_From the French_.
+
+
+_Preservation of Potatoes._
+
+Potatoes at the depth of one foot in the ground, produce shoots near
+the end of spring; at the depth of two feet they appear in the middle
+of summer; at three feet they are very short, and never come to the
+surface; and between three and five feet they cease to vegetate. In
+consequence of observing these effects several parcels of potatoes
+were buried in a garden at the depth of three and a half feet, and
+were not removed. until after an interval of one or two years. They
+were then found without, any shoots, and possessing their original
+freshness, firmness, goodness, and taste. _From the French_.
+
+
+_Leeches._
+
+It is well known that atmospheric changes have a remarkable influence
+upon leeches. In 1825, M. Derheim, of St. Omer, ascribes the almost
+sudden death of them at the approach of, or during storms, to the
+coagulation of the blood of these creatures, caused by the impression
+of the atmospheric electricity.--_From the French_.
+
+
+_Carpenter's Microscope._
+
+Mr. Carpenter's achromatic solar microscope has now a white circular
+area of nine feet in diameter, to receive the images of the objects
+upon, some of which are magnified to the enormous size of upwards of
+eight feet in length!
+
+Mr. Carpenter's lucernal microscopes are now arranged in a kind of
+temple, placed in the middle of a room, and illuminated by the light
+of one powerful Argand lamp, so as to be independent of all natural
+light; thus, in all seasons, even in cloudy weather, the objects are
+as brilliantly displayed as they could be last year when the sun
+shone.--_Gill's Repository_.
+
+
+_Beet Root Sugar._
+
+There are now in France upwards of one hundred manufactories of beet
+root sugar, from which were produced last year upwards of 5,000 tons
+of sugar, worth 60 _l._ per ton, or 300,000 _l_.; the profit of which
+is estimated at 15 _l._ an acre; but, says one of the manufacturers,
+the process may be so far improved, that sugar will be made in France
+from the beet root at 30 _l._ per ton, which will increase the profit
+to 24 _l._ an acre. A writer in the _Quarterly Journal of Agriculture_
+observes that "it is difficult to conceive that one half of the sugar
+consumed in Great Britain, or in all Europe, will not, in a few years,
+be home-made beet root sugar."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LORD BYRON AND SIR WALTER SCOTT AT WATERLOO.
+
+_By a Sexagenarian._
+
+
+In his transit to Italy in August, 1816, Lord Byron visited Brussels
+(where I was residing) accompanied by Dr. Polidori. The moment I heard
+of his arrival, I waited on him, and was received with the greatest
+cordiality and kindness.
+
+As he proposed visiting Waterloo on the following morning, I offered
+my services as his cicerone, which were graciously accepted, and we
+set out at an early hour, accompanied by his _compagnon de voyage_.
+The weather was propitious, but the poet's spirits seemed depressed,
+and we passed through the gloomy forest of Soignies without much
+conversation. As the plan of the inspection of the field had been left
+to me, I ordered our postilion to drive to Mont St. Jean, without
+stopping at Waterloo. We got out at the monuments. Lord Byron gazed
+about for five minutes without uttering a syllable; at last, turning
+to me, he said--"I am not disappointed. I have seen the plains of
+Marathon, and these are as fine. Can you tell me," he continued,
+"where Picton fell? because I have heard that my friend Howard was
+killed at his side, and nearly at the same moment."
+
+The spot was well known, and I pointed with my finger to some trees
+near it, at the distance of one hundred and fifty yards: we walked to
+the spot. "Howard," said his lordship, with a sigh, "was my relation
+and dear friend; but we quarrelled, and I was in the wrong; we were,
+however, reconciled, at which I now rejoice." He spoke these words
+with great feeling, and we returned to examine the monument of Sir
+Alexander Gordon, a broken column, on which he made some criticisms,
+bestowing great praise on the fraternal affection of his brother, who
+had erected it. He did not seem much interested about the positions of
+the troops, which I pointed out to him; and we got into our carriage,
+and drove to the Château Goumont, the poet remaining silent, pensive,
+and in a musing mood, which I took care not to interrupt.
+
+The gallant defence of this post seemed to interest him more, and
+I recapitulated all the particulars I knew of the attack. From the
+bravery displayed by the handful of troops (the Guards) who defended
+it, it has acquired its reputation. Though they were reinforced
+more than once, the number never exceeded twelve hundred; and
+notwithstanding the enemy having, by battering down the gate of the
+farmyard, and setting fire to the straw in it, got possession of the
+outer works, in the evening attack, they could make no impression on
+the strong hold, the garden--
+
+
+  "Whose close pleach'd walks and bowers have been
+  The deadly marksman's lurking screen."
+
+
+They reaped no advantage by these assaults; on the contrary, they
+sacrificed a great many brave men without any purpose. It was a most
+important post; for had they succeeded in getting possession of it,
+and driving out our troops, their guns would have enfiladed us, and
+we should have been obliged to change our front. The pompous title
+of _château_ gives a little additional importance to this position,
+though it is only a miserable dwelling of two stories, somewhat
+resembling the habitations of our _Bonnet Lairds_ about the beginning
+of the last century. The area of the house is about two Scotch acres,
+including the garden. The clipped and shady walks have been long since
+cut down, which takes away much interest from it; and the stupid
+Fleming to whom it belonged, cut down the young trees in front of it,
+because they had been wounded by the bullets, which he was informed
+"would cause them to bleed to death!" The nobleman who now possesses
+it, had, with better taste, repaired the château, and will not permit
+any alteration in its appearance.
+
+I asked Byron what he thought of Mr. Scott's "Field of Waterloo," just
+published--if it was fair to ask one poet his opinion of a living
+contemporary. "Oh," said he, "quite fair; besides, there is not much
+subject for criticism in this hasty sketch. The reviewers call it a
+_falling off_; but I am sure there is no poet living who could have
+written so many good lines on so meagre a subject, in so short a time.
+Scott," he added, "is a fine poet, and a most amiable man. We are
+great friends. As a prose writer, he has no rival; and has not been
+approached since Cervantes, in depicting manners. His tales are my
+constant companions. It is highly absurd his denying, what every one
+that knows him believes, his being the author of these admirable
+works. Yet no man is obliged to give his name to the public, except he
+chooses so to do; and Scott is not likely to be compelled by the law,
+for he does not write libels, nor a line of which he may be ashamed."
+He said a great deal more in praise of his friend, for whom he had the
+highest respect and regard. "I wish," added the poet, with feeling,
+"it had been my good fortune to have had such a Mentor. No author," he
+observed, "had deserved more from the public, or has been so liberally
+rewarded. Poor Milton got only 15_l._ for his 'Paradise Lost,' while
+a modern poet has as much for a stanza." I know not if he made any
+allusion to himself in this remark, but it has been said that Murray
+paid him that sum for every verse of "Childe Harold."
+
+Lord Byron, in reading aloud the stanzas of Mr. Scott,
+
+
+  "For high, and deathless is the name,
+  Oh Hougoinont, thy ruins claim!
+  The sound of Cressy none shall own,
+  And Agincourt shall be unknown,
+  And Blenheim be a nameless spot
+  Long ere thy glories are forgot," &c.
+
+
+he exclaimed, striking the page with his hand, "I'll be d----d if they
+will, Mr. Scott, be forgot!"
+
+
+SIR WALTER SCOTT.
+
+
+Sir Walter Scott visited Brussels about the middle of August, 1816,
+when I had the good fortune to meet him at the house of Sir Frederick
+Adam, who was prevented by a wound from joining his brigade, though he
+was able to do the duties of the small garrison there.
+
+Mr. Scott accepted my services to conduct him to Waterloo. The
+general's aid-de-camp was also of the party, Mr. Scott being
+accompanied by two friends, his fellow travellers. He made no secret
+of his having undertaken to write something on the battle; and he
+took the greater interest on this account in every thing that he saw.
+Besides, he had never seen a field of such a conflict; and never
+having been before on the Continent, it was all new to his
+comprehensive mind. The day was beautiful; and I had the precaution to
+send out a couple of saddle-horses, that he might not be fatigued
+in walking over the fields which had been recently ploughed up. The
+animal he rode was so quiet that he was much gratified, and had an
+opportunity of examining every spot of the positions of both armies;
+and seemed greatly delighted, especially with the Farm of Goumont,
+where he loitered a couple of hours. In our rounds we fell in with
+Monsieur Da Costar, with whom he got into conversation, though I had
+told him he was an impostor. But he had attracted so much notice by
+his pretended story of being about the person of Napoleon, that he was
+of too much importance to be passed by: I did not, indeed, know as
+much of this fellow's Charlatanism at that time as afterwards, when
+I saw him confronted with a blacksmith of La Belle Alliance, who had
+been his companion in a hiding-place, ten miles from the field, during
+the whole day; a fact which he could not deny. But he had got up a
+tale so plausible, and so profitable, that he could afford to bestow
+hush-money on the companion of his flight, so that the imposition was
+but little known, and strangers continued to be gulled. He had picked
+up a good deal of information about the positions and details of the
+battle, and being naturally a sagacious Wallon, and speaking French
+pretty fluently, he became the favourite _cicerone_, and every lie he
+told was taken for gospel. Year after year, until his death, in 1824,
+he continued his popularity, and raised the price of his rounds from a
+couple of francs to five; besides as much for the hire of a horse, his
+own property; for he pretended that the fatigue of walking so many
+hours was beyond his powers. It has been said, that in this way he
+realized every summer a couple of hundred Napoleons. It is surprising
+how any one could believe the story he told; for supposing that he had
+been seized upon by Napoleon, what use could such a vagabond be as a
+guide? What was he to show? The British army was staring the Emperor
+in the face at a mile distant. This _soi-disant_ hero could only be
+an incumbrance during the conflict, if his courage could have been
+screwed up to remain at Napoleon's side, as he pretended he had done,
+and that when he became panicstruck on the approach of the Prussians,
+he was rewarded for his services with a twenty-franc coin. He even
+pointed out the actual spot where he stood with the Emperor on the
+_chaussée_--heard him exclaim "Sauve qui peut!" and saw him mount his
+horse, and brush!--_facts_, which are become historical!
+
+When Sir Walter had examined every point of defence and attack we
+adjourned to the "Original Duke of Wellington," at Waterloo, to
+dinner, after the fatigues of the ride. Here he had a crowded levée of
+peasants, and collected a great many trophies, from cuirasses down to
+buttons and bullets. He picked up himself many little relics, and was
+fortunate in purchasing a grand cross of the legion of honour. But
+the most precious relic was presented to him by my wife--a French
+soldier's book, well stained with blood, and containing some poetical
+effusions, called "Troubadours," which he found so interesting that
+he translated them into English, and they were introduced into his
+"Paul's Letters;" on the publication of which he did her the honour of
+sending her a copy, with a most flattering letter, to say, "that he
+considered her gift as the most valuable of all his Waterloo relics."
+
+On our return from the field, he kindly passed the evening with us,
+and a few friends whom we invited to meet him. He charmed us with his
+delightful conversation, and was in great spirits from the agreeable
+day he had passed; and with great good humour promised to write a
+stanza in the lady's Album. The following morning he called to achieve
+this; and I put him into my little library, the door of which I locked
+to prevent interruption, as a great many of my friends had paraded in
+the _Parc_ opposite my window to get a peep of the celebrated man,
+many having dogged him from his hotel.
+
+Brussels affords but little worthy of the notice of such a traveller
+as the author of "Waverley;" but he greatly admired the splendid
+tower of the Maison de Ville, and the ancient sculpture and style of
+architecture of the buildings which surround the Grand Place.
+
+He told us, with great humour, a laughable incident which had occurred
+to him at Antwerp. The morning after his arrival at that city from
+Holland, he started at an early hour to visit the tomb of Rubens in
+the Church of St. Jacques, before his party were up. Having provided
+himself with a map of the city, he had no other guide; but after
+wandering about for an hour, without finding the object he had in
+view, he determined to make inquiry, and observing a person stalking
+about like himself, he addressed him, in his best French; but the
+stranger pulling off his hat, very respectfully replied, in the pure
+Highland accent, "I'm vary sorry, Sir, but I canna speak ony thing
+besides English."--"This is very unlucky indeed, Donald," said Mr.
+Scott, "but we must help one another; for, to tell you the truth,
+I'm not good at any other tongue but the English, or rather, the
+Scotch."--"Oh, Sir, maybe," replied the Highlander, "you are a
+countryman, and ken my maister, Captain Cameron, of the 79th, and
+could tell me where he lodges. I'm just cum in, Sir, frae a place they
+ca' _Machlin_, and ha forgotten the name of the captain's quarters; it
+was something like the _Laaborer_."--"I can, I think, help you with
+this, my friend," rejoined Mr. Scott. "There is an inn just opposite
+to you, (pointing to the _Hotel de Grand Laboreur_,) I dare say that
+will be the captain's quarters;" and so it was. I cannot do justice to
+the humour in which Mr. Scott recounted this dialogue.
+
+_New Monthly Magazine_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE GATHERER.
+
+
+  A snapper up of unconsidered trifles.
+SHAKSPEARE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SUPERSTITION.
+
+
+Catherine de Medicis, in order to be assured of the assistance of
+heaven in a certain project, vowed to send a pilgrim to Jerusalem,
+who should walk three feet forwards and one backwards all the way. A
+countryman of Picardy undertook the fulfilment of this vow, and having
+employed a whole year in the task, was rewarded with a title and a
+large sum of money.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The Romans deposed their Dictator, Minutius, and the general of their
+cavalry, Caius Flaminius, on the same day they had been elected,
+because one of the citizens of Rome had heard a mouse squeak.
+
+A.V.M.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NAPKINS.
+
+
+When Diego de Torres, the Spanish ambassador, in 1547, first dined
+with the Emperor of Morocco at his court, he was amused by the customs
+of the table; neither knives, forks, nor spoons, were provided; but
+each person helped himself with his fingers, and cleaned his hands
+with his tongue, excepting the emperor, who wiped the hand he took his
+meat up with on the head of a black boy, ten years old, who stood by
+his side. The ambassador smiled, and the emperor observing it, asked
+what Christian kings wiped their hands with at meals, and what such
+things were worth? "Fine napkins," replied the ambassador, "a clean
+one at every meal, worth a crown a piece or more." "Don't you think
+this napkin much better," said the emperor, wiping his hand again on
+the black boy's head, "which is worth seventy or eighty crowns."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+JUSTICE.
+
+
+"What is your fare, coachee," said a stout gentleman alighting from a
+hackney-coach.
+
+_Coachee_.--"One shilling, sir."
+
+_Gent_.--"One shilling! What an imposition for such a short distance."
+
+_Coachee_.--"I'll take my oath that is my fare."
+
+_Gent_.--"Will you? very well, I am a magistrate, proceed--(_Coachee
+is sworn_)--That will do, the shilling I shall keep for the
+affidavit."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Philip III. King of Spain, wept at an _Auto da Fé_, because he saw so
+many fellow creatures inhumanly tormented. This was thought by the
+Grand Inquisitor to be a great sin, and he terrified the king so much
+with his remonstrances, that Philip suffered himself to be bled, and
+the blood to be given to the common executioner, to be burnt at the
+next _Auto da Fé_, by way of penance.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+_Cobweb_ comes from the Dutch word _Kopwebbe_; and _Kop_ in that
+language signifies a spider.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+(S.I.B.'s interesting paper on the Birth of Edward VI. and Death of
+Queen Jane Seymour, did not reach us till our description of Hampton
+Court was ready for press: our Correspondent's contribution shall
+appear next week.)
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LIMBIRD'S EDITION OF THE FOLLOWING NOVELS IS ALREADY PUBLISHED:
+
+                                         s.    d.
+  Mackenzie's Man of Feeling             0     6
+  Paul and Virginia                      0     6
+  The Castle of Otranto                  0     6
+  Almoran and Hamet                      0     6
+  Elizabeth, or the Exiles of Siberia    0     6
+  The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne     0     6
+  Rasselas                               0     8
+  The Old English Baron                  0     8
+  Nature and Art                         0     8
+  Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield         0    10
+  Sicilian Romance                       1     0
+  The Man of the World                   1     0
+  A Simple Story                         1     4
+  Joseph Andrews                         1     6
+  Humphry Clinker                        1     8
+  The Romance of the Forest              1     8
+  The Italian                            2     0
+  Zeluco, by Dr. Moore                   2     6
+  Edward, by Dr. Moore                   2     6
+  Roderick Random                        2     6
+  The Mysteries of Udolpho               3     6
+  Peregrine Pickle                       4     6
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement,
+and Instruction, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 385 ***
+
+***** This file should be named 11455-8.txt or 11455-8.zip *****
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+"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content=
+"text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
+<title>The Mirror of Literature, Issue 385.</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+
+  <!--
+  body                 {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;}
+  p                    {text-align: justify;}
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+  hr.short             {text-align: center; width: 20%;}
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+
+  .note, .footnote
+  {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;}
+
+  span.pagenum
+  {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; font-size: 8pt;}
+
+  .poem
+  {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: left;}
+  .poem .stanza        {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;}
+  .poem p              {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;}
+  .poem p.i2           {margin-left: 1em;}
+  .poem p.i4           {margin-left: 2em;}
+  .poem p.i6           {margin-left: 3em;}
+  .poem p.i8           {margin-left: 4em;}
+  .poem p.i10          {margin-left: 5em;}
+
+  .figure
+  {padding: 1em; margin: 0; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em; margin: auto;}
+  .figure img
+                       {border: none;}
+  .figure p
+
+  .side { float:right;
+          font-size: 75%;
+          width: 25%;
+          padding-left:10px;
+          border-left: dashed thin;
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+
+
+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and
+Instruction, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction
+       Volume 14, No. 385, Saturday, August 15, 1829.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: March 5, 2004 [EBook #11455]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 385 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Nicolas Hayes and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page97" id="page97"></a>[pg 97]</span>
+<h1>THE MIRROR<br />
+ OF<br />
+ LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.</h1>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<table width="100%" summary="Volume, Number, and Date">
+<tr>
+<td align="left"><b>VOL. XIV, NO. 385.]</b></td>
+<td align="center"><b>SATURDAY, AUGUST 15, 1829.</b></td>
+<td align="right"><b>[PRICE 2d.</b></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+<h2>HAMPTON COURT.</h2>
+
+<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"><a href=
+"images/385-1.png"><img width="100%" src="images/385-1.png" alt=
+"Hampton Court." /></a></div>
+
+<p>Here is a bird's-eye view of a royal palace and domain "cut out
+in little stars." It is copied from one of Kipp's Views in Great
+Britain in the time of Queen Anne, and affords a correct idea of
+Hampton Court in all its olden splendour.</p>
+
+<p>The palace is situated on the north bank of the Thames, two
+miles west from Kingston. It was magnificently built by Cardinal
+Wolsey. After he became possessed of the lease of the manor of
+Hampton, "he bestowed," says Stow, "great cost of building upon it,
+converting the mansion-house into so stately a palace, that it is
+said to have excited much envy; to avoid which, in the year 1526,
+he gave it to the king, who in recompense thereof licensed him to
+lie in his manor of Richmond at his pleasure; and so he lay there
+at certain times;" but it appears that Wolsey after this
+occasionally inhabited the palace (perhaps as keeper;) for in 1527,
+when some French ambassadors were in England, the king sent them to
+be entertained by the Cardinal at Hampton Court. The preparations
+for this purpose are detailed in a MS. copy of Cavendish's <i>Life
+of Wolsey</i>, in the British Museum, and afford the reader some
+idea of the magnificent taste of the prelate in matters of state
+and show. The Cardinal was commanded to receive the ambassadors
+with surpassing splendour; then "my Lord Cardinal sent me (Mr.
+Cavendish) being his gentleman usher, with two other of my fellows
+thither, to foresee all things touching our rooms to be nobly
+garnished"&mdash;"accordingly our pains were not small nor light,
+but daily travelling up and down from chamber to chamber; then
+wrought the carpenters, joiners, masons, and all other artificers
+necessary to be had to glorify this noble feast." He tells us of
+"expert cookes, and connyng persons in the art of cookerie; the
+cookes wrought both day and night with suttleties and many crafty
+devices, where lacked neither gold, silver, nor other costly things
+meet for their purpose"&mdash;"280 beds furnished with all manner
+of furniture to them, too long particularly to be rehearsed, but
+all wise men do sufficiently know what belongeth to the furniture
+thereof, and that is sufficient at this <span class="pagenum"><a
+name="page98" id="page98"></a>[pg 98]</span> time to be said."
+Wolsey's arrival during the feast is described quaintly enough:
+"Before the second course my lord came in booted and spurred, all
+sodainely amongst them <i>proface</i>;<a id="footnotetag1" name=
+"footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a> at whose
+coming there was great joy, with rising every man from his place,
+whom my lord caused to sit still, and keep their roomes, and being
+in his apparel as he rode, called for a chayre and sat down in the
+middest of the high paradise, laughing and being as merry as ever I
+saw him in all my lyff." The whole party drank long and strong,
+some of the Frenchmen were led off to bed, and in the chambers of
+all was placed abundance of "wine and beere."</p>
+
+<p>Henry VIII. added considerably to Wolsey's building, and in the
+latter part of his reign, it became one of his principal
+residences. Among the events connected with the palace are the
+following:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>Edward VI. was born at Hampton Court, October 12, 1537, and his
+mother, Queen Jane Seymour, died there on the 14th of the same
+month.<a id="footnotetag2" name="footnotetag2"></a><a href=
+"#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a> Her corpse was conveyed to Windsor by
+water, where she was buried, November 12. Catharine Howard was
+openly showed as Queen, at Hampton Court, August 8, 1540. Catharine
+Parr was married to the King at this palace, and proclaimed Queen,
+July 12, 1543. In 1558, Mary and Philip kept Christmas here with
+great solemnity, when the large hall was illuminated with 1,000
+lamps. Queen Elizabeth frequently resided, and gave many superb
+entertainments here, in her reign. In 1603-4, the celebrated
+conference between Presbyterians and the Established Church was
+held here before James I. as moderator, in a withdrawing-room
+within the privy-chamber, on the subject of Conformity. All the
+Lords of the Council were present, and the conference lasted three
+days; a new translation of the Bible was ordered, and some
+alterations were made in the Liturgy.<a id="footnotetag3" name=
+"footnotetag3"></a><a href="#footnote3"><sup>3</sup></a></p>
+
+<p>Charles I. retired to Hampton Court on account of the plague, in
+1625, when a proclamation prohibited all communication between
+London, Southwark, or Lambeth, and this place.<a id="footnotetag4"
+name="footnotetag4"></a><a href="#footnote4"><sup>4</sup></a>
+Charles was brought here by the army, August 24, 1647, and lived in
+a state of splendid imprisonment, being allowed to keep up the
+state and retinue of a court, till November 11, following, when he
+made his escape<a id="footnotetag5" name="footnotetag5"></a><a
+href="#footnote5"><sup>5</sup></a> to the Isle of Wight.</p>
+
+<p>In 1651, the Honour and Palace of Hampton were sold to creditors
+of the state; but previously to 1657 it came into the possession of
+Cromwell, who made it one of his chief residences. Elizabeth, his
+daughter, was here publicly married to the Lord Falconberg; and the
+Protector's favourite child, Mrs. Claypoole, died here, and was
+conveyed with great pomp to Westminster Abbey.</p>
+
+<p>The palace was occasionally inhabited by Charles II. and James
+II. King William resided much at Hampton Court; he pulled down
+great part of the old palace, which then consisted of five
+quadrangles, and employed Sir Christopher Wren to build on its site
+the Fountain Court, or State Apartments. In July, 1689, the Duke of
+Gloucester, son of the Princess, afterwards Queen Anne, was born
+here. The Queen sojourned at Hampton occasionally, as did her
+successors George I. and II.; but George III. never resided here.
+When his late serene highness William the Fifth, Stadtholder of the
+United Provinces, was condemned to quit his country by the French,
+this palace was appropriated to his use; and he resided here
+several years. The principal domestic apartments of Hampton Court
+are now occupied by different private families, who have grants for
+life from the crown.</p>
+
+<p>The palace consists of three grand quadrangles: the western
+quadrangle, or entrance court is 167 feet 2 inches, north to south,
+and 141 feet 7 inches, east to west. This leads to the second, or
+middle quadrangle, 133 feet 6 inches, north to south, and 91 feet
+10 inches, east to west; this is usually called the Clock Court,
+from a curious astronomical clock by Tompion, over the gateway of
+the eastern side; on the southern side is a colonnade of Ionic
+pillars by Wren. On the north is the great hall: as this is not
+mentioned by Cavendish, probably it was part of Henry's building.
+It certainly was not finished till 1536 or 1537, as appears from
+initials of the King and Jane Seymour, joined in a true lover's
+knot, amongst the decorations; this hall is 106 feet long, and 40
+broad. Queen Caroline had a theatre erected here, in which it was
+intended that two plays should be acted weekly during the stay of
+the Court; but only seven plays were performed in it by the Drury
+Lane company,<a id="footnotetag6" name="footnotetag6"></a><a href=
+"#footnote6"><sup>6</sup></a> and one afterwards before the <span
+class="pagenum"><a name="page99" id="page99"></a>[pg 99]</span> Duke
+of Lorraine, afterwards Emperor of Germany. The theatrical
+appurtenances were not, however, removed till the year 1798.
+Adjoining the hall is the Board of Green Cloth Room, of nearly the
+same date, and hung with fine tapestry.</p>
+
+<p>The eastern quadrangle, or Fountain Court, erected by Sir
+Christopher Wren for King William, in 1690, is 100 feet by 177 feet
+3 inches. Here is the King's Gallery, 117 feet by 23 feet 6 inches,
+which was fitted up for the Cartoons of Raphael. On the eastern
+side of the court is a room in which George I. and George II.
+frequently dined in public. North-west of the Fountain Court stands
+the chapel, which forms the southern side of the quadrangle; this
+was partly built by Wolsey, and was finished by Henry VIII. in
+1536, or 1537. The windows were of beautifully stained glass, and
+the walls decorated with paintings, but these embellishments were
+demolished in the troublous times of 1745. The chapel was, however,
+restored by Queen Anne; the floor is of black and white marble, the
+pews are of Norway oak, and there is some fine carving by Gibbons;
+the roof is plain Gothic with pendent ornaments.</p>
+
+<p>It is hardly possible for us, within the limits of our columns
+to do justice to the magnificence of Hampton Court. The grand
+facade towards the garden extends 330 feet, and that towards the
+Thames 328 feet. The portico and colonnade, of duplicated pillars
+of the Ionic order, at the grand entrance, and indeed, the general
+design of the elevations, are in splendid style. On the south side
+of the palace is the privy garden, which was sunk ten feet, to open
+a view from the apartments to the Thames. On the northern side is a
+tennis court, and beyond that a gate which leads into the
+wilderness or <i>Maze</i>.<a id="footnotetag7" name=
+"footnotetag7"></a><a href="#footnote7"><sup>7</sup></a> Further on
+is the great gate of the gardens.</p>
+
+<p>The gardens, which comprise about 44 acres, were originally laid
+out by London and Wise. George III. gave the celebrated Brown
+permission to make whatever improvements his fine taste might
+suggest; but he declared his opinion that they appeared to the best
+advantage in their original state, and they accordingly remain so
+to this day. The extent of the kitchen gardens is about 12 acres.
+In the privy garden is a grape house 70 feet in length, and 14 in
+breadth; the interior being wholly occupied by one vine of the
+black Hamburgh kind, which was planted in the year 1769, and has in
+a single year, produced 2,200 bunches of grapes, weighing, on an
+average, one pound each.</p>
+
+<p>The grotesque forms of the gardens, and the mathematical taste
+in which they are disposed, are advantageously seen in a bird's-eye
+view as in the Engraving, which represents the tortuous beauty of
+the parterres, and the pools, fountains, and statues with
+characteristic accuracy. The formal avenues, radiating as it were,
+from the gardens or centre, are likewise distinctly shown, as is
+also the canal formed by Wolsey through the middle avenue. The
+intervening space, then a parklike waste, is now planted with
+trees, and stretches away to the village of Thames Ditton; and is
+bounded on the south by the Thames, and on the north by the high
+road to Kingston.</p>
+
+<p>The palace is open to the public, and besides its splendid
+apartments, and numerous buildings, there is a valuable collection
+of pictures, which are too celebrated to need enumeration. A
+curious change has taken place in the occupancy of some
+apartments&mdash;many rooms originally intended for domestic
+offices being now tenanted by gentry. The whole is a vast
+assemblage of art, and reminds us of the palace of Versailles,
+which is about the same distance from Paris as Hampton Court from
+London.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>GREECE.</h3>
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Alas! for fair Greece, how her glories are failed,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Her altars are broken, her trophies are gone,</p>
+
+<p>The Crescent her temples and shrines hath invaded,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">And Freedom hath bow'd to the Mussulman throne.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Fair Liberty say! shall the land of Achilles</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Reluctantly cherish a dastardly slave,</p>
+
+<p>Who can crouch at the foot of a despot, whose will is</p>
+
+<p class="i2">As fickle as wind, and as rude as the wave?</p>
+
+<p>Shall the ashes of heroes enshrouded in glory,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Be spurn'd in contempt by a barbarous horde,</p>
+
+<p>While their sons idly tremble like boys at a story,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">And shudder to gaze on the point of a sword?</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Shall Greece, still as lovely as maiden in sorrow,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">By Freedom's bright ray ne'er be beam'd on again?</p>
+
+<p>Shall the sun of Engia ne'er rise on the morrow</p>
+
+<p class="i2">That lightens her thraldom or loosens her chain?</p>
+
+<p>Oh say, shall the proud eye of scorn fall unheeded,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">The hand, taunting, point to "the land of the
+brave,"</p>
+
+<p>And say that Achaia's fair daughters e'er needed</p>
+
+<p class="i2">An arm to protect them&mdash;a hero to save.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Rise! courage alone your base station can alter,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Let Beauty, let Liberty, spirit you on,</p>
+
+<p>And while fetters and stripes are their portion who falter,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Remember that Freedom's the stake to be won.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>J.O.B.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page100" id="page100"></a>[pg 100]</span>
+
+<h3>ESCAPE OF CHARLES II.</h3>
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<p>In No. 376, of the MIRROR, is a communication from <i>W.W.</i>
+respecting the pension granted by Charles II. to the Pendrils, for
+aiding him in his escape, after the fatal battle of Worcester.
+There was another family who enjoyed a pension from the same
+monarch, named Tattersall, one of whom conveyed Charles from
+Brighton in his open fishing-boat. A descendant is now living at
+that place, but the family, through ignorance and neglect, have
+ceased to enjoy the grant.</p>
+
+<p>The house in which the king rested at Brighton, is now an inn,
+in West Street, called the King's Head, and is kept by a Mr.
+Eales.</p>
+
+<p>H. BERGER.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>LINES WRITTEN IN A LADY'S ALBUM.</h3>
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>The star is set that lighted me</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Thro' Fancy's wide domain,</p>
+
+<p>And the fairy paths of poesy,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">I now may seek in vain.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>'Tis but when Sorrow's clouds appear,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">In frowning darkness o'er me,</p>
+
+<p>The light of Song bursts forth to cheer</p>
+
+<p class="i2">The gloomy path before me.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>As o'er the dusky waves at night,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Oft Mariners behold</p>
+
+<p>That ocean-form, St. Ermo's light,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">When tempests are foretold.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Two reasons in my mind arise.</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Why Song is <i>now</i> denied me;&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>No light can venture near thine eyes,</p>
+
+<p class="i2">Nor Grief&mdash;when thou'rt beside me!</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+E.<br />
+<br />
+
+
+<hr />
+<h3>MINSTREL BALLAD.</h3>
+
+<h4>WRITTEN ON A FLYLEAF OF A VOLUME OF ONE OF THE "WAVERLEY
+NOVELS."</h4>
+
+<br />
+<br />
+
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Waken, lords and ladies gay,</p>
+
+<p>On the mountain dawns the day,</p>
+
+<p>All the jolly chase is here,</p>
+
+<p>With hawk and horse, and hunting spear;</p>
+
+<p>Hounds are in their couples yelling,</p>
+
+<p>Hawks are whistling, horns are knelling,</p>
+
+<p>Merrily, merrily, mingle they,</p>
+
+<p>"Waken, lords and ladies gay."</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Waken, lords and ladies gay,</p>
+
+<p>The mist has left the mountain grey,</p>
+
+<p>Springlets in the dawn are streaming,</p>
+
+<p>Diamonds on the brake are gleaming,</p>
+
+<p>And foresters have busy been,</p>
+
+<p>To track the buck in thicket green;</p>
+
+<p>Now we come to chant our lay,</p>
+
+<p>"Waken, lords and ladies gay."</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Waken, lords and ladies gay,</p>
+
+<p>To the green wood haste away,</p>
+
+<p>We can show you where he lies,</p>
+
+<p>Fleet of foot, and tall of size;</p>
+
+<p>We can show the marks he made</p>
+
+<p>When 'gainst the oak his antlers frayed;</p>
+
+<p>You shall see him brought to bay.</p>
+
+<p>"Waken, lords and ladies gay."</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Louder, louder, chant the lay,</p>
+
+<p>Waken, lords and ladies say,</p>
+
+<p>Tell them youth, and mirth and glee,</p>
+
+<p>Run a course as well as we,</p>
+
+<p>Time, stern huntsman! who can balk,</p>
+
+<p>Stanch as hound, and fleet as hawk?</p>
+
+<p>Think of this, without delay,</p>
+
+<p>Gentle lords and ladies gay.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+C.C.<br />
+<br />
+
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>THE SKETCH-BOOK</h2>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>PHYSIOGNOMY OF HOUSES.</h3>
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<p>Houses undoubtedly present to the eye of fancy, an appearance
+analogous to physiognomical expression in men. The remark has been
+made by more acute observers than myself.</p>
+
+<p>Look at that beetle-browed, solemn looking mansion with a
+ponderous hat-roof&mdash;I mean of slates, garnished with bay
+windows&mdash;observe its heavy jaws of areas, its hard, close
+mouth of a door; its dark, deep sunken eyes of windows peering out
+from the heavy brow of dark stone coping that supports the slate
+hat in question: what a contrast to the spruce mock gentility of
+its neighbour, with a stand-up collar of white steps, a varnished
+face, and a light, jaunty, yet stiff air, like a city apprentice in
+his best clothes.</p>
+
+<p>See the cap on the temple of that Chinese Mandarin, poking above
+yon clump of firs, with its bell furniture; he seems pondering on
+the aphorisms of Confucius, regardless of that booby faced
+conservatory, whose bald, rounded pate glitters in the sun. Ah!
+what have we here; a spruce masquerader in yellow straw hat, trying
+to look rural with as much success as a reed thatched summer house.
+Stand in this quiet nook a few hours, and give us the shadow of
+your mushroom covering.</p>
+
+<p>There is a poor, forlorn wretch with his rags fluttering about
+him like a beggar&mdash;give him a penny&mdash;he must be in
+distress&mdash;look at his shattered face and dilapidated form;
+shored up upon <span class="pagenum"><a name="page101" id=
+"page101"></a>[pg 101]</span> crutches, tottering on the brink of the
+sewers&mdash;shores I mean&mdash;of eternity; behold his crushed
+and crownless hat&mdash;his hollow eyes&mdash;his rheumy
+visage&mdash;look at that petition penned on his breast. Poh! 'tis
+a surveyor's notice to pull down. But, then, look at that plurality
+parson with rotund prominence of portico, and red brick cheeks of
+vast extent, and that high, steeple-crowned hat&mdash;look at the
+smug, mean, insignificant dwarf of a meeting-house, sinking up to
+its knees in a narrow lane, and looking as blank as a wall, with a
+trap-door of a mouth, and a grating cast of eye. How yonder
+bridegroom, just cemented in an alliance that will not last out his
+lease of life, "spick and span new," all eyes, and a double row of
+buttons ornamenting his latticed waistcoat, looks at his adored
+opposite, who holds her Venetian parasol&mdash;sun
+shade&mdash;before her face, glowing like a red brick wall in the
+sun. Ah! his regards are attracted by a modest little nymph of the
+grove, seated snugly in a sylvan recess, her pretty white cheeks
+peeping out beneath the tresses of honeysuckle and woodbine that
+veil her beauty. Well, <i>railing</i> is in this case allowable,
+for see that brazen front of maiden sixty, guiltless of curls, with
+a huge structure of bonnet cocked straight at the top of her head,
+like the roof of a market-house, and her broad, square skirts of
+faded green, deformed by formal knots of yew and holly. Look with
+what a blushless face of triumph she eyes her poor tottering
+neighbour opposite, who never appears destined "to suffer a
+recovery." Oh, 'tis remorseless! But look down that vista of
+charity children in slate coloured Quaker bonnets, stuck one
+against the other in drab, like pins in a paper, but not so bright;
+are they going to stand there for ever, with their governess at
+their head, looking as smug and fubsy as the squat house at the
+end? Why 'tis&mdash;street!&mdash;Look at the pump at the other
+end, that might pass for an abridgment of a parish clerk&mdash;and
+see, there comes stalking across the Green the parish beadle, with
+a great white placard in his hat&mdash;you might well mistake him
+for Alderman &mdash;&mdash;'s monument in red brick with the marble
+tablet on the top of it. Ah! my pretty rustic&mdash;why your straw
+hat and brown stuff frock, with white bib, and that gay flowered
+apron, with the sprig of jessamine stuck at your side&mdash;you
+look so homely and comely beneath the shade of that tall oak, that
+I could fancy you were only the shepherd's cottage at the corner of
+the grange. Bless me&mdash;here's a modern antique, masquerading in
+the country!&mdash;why a village belle of queen Bess' days, looking
+as new and as fresh as the young 'squire's lodge, fresh out of the
+hands of his fancy architect. More mummery! why this gentleman
+looks as fine and as foolish in his affectation of rugged points
+and quaint angles, as a staring, white-washed, Gothic villa with
+the paint not yet dry. Oh! there is certainly no denying that thou
+art the primest of Quakers, Mr. Chapel, one that will not
+countenance a <i>belle</i>, but lookest right onward in smooth and
+demure solidity, with that strip of white path in front of thy
+brown gravel waistcoat, and the ample skirts of thy road-coloured
+surtout; not so your neighbour Sturdy, him with his chimney like an
+ink bottle, upright in his button hole, and his pen-like poplar in
+his hand; he is equally uncompromising, but looks with an eye of
+stern regard upon that gay sprig of myrtle with his roof of a hat,
+jauntily clapped on one side, and a towering charming feather,
+streaming like smoke in the breeze. But whither have my vagaries
+led me&mdash;here I am once more in the dullest of dull country
+towns, over which strides the gouty old dean, like a Gothic arch
+across a cathedral city; and see how the wealthy innkeeper dangles
+his broad medal (sign of his having been in the yeomanry) that
+swings to the wind like the banner of his troop&mdash;how
+contemptuously he eyes that solid looking overseer, the workhouse,
+with his right and lefthand men the executioners of the
+law&mdash;Stocks and Cage&mdash;oh! turn away&mdash;there is that
+villanous cross barred gripe the Jail&mdash;enough, enough,
+indeed.</p>
+
+<p>LAVATERIELLO.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>MANNERS &amp; CUSTOMS OF ALL NATIONS.</h2>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>CURIOUS CEREMONY OF DRIVING DEER THROUGH THE WATER (FORMERLY
+PRACTISED) IN LYME PARK, CHESHIRE.</h3>
+
+<br />
+<br />
+
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<p>Ormerod, in his splendid <i>History of Cheshire</i>, says, "The
+park of Lyme, which is very extensive, is celebrated for the fine
+flavour of its venison, and contains a herd of wild cattle, the
+remains of a breed which has been kept here from time immemorial,
+and is supposed indigenous. In the last century a custom was
+observed here of driving the deer round the park about Midsummer,
+or rather earlier, collecting them in a body before the house, and
+then swimming them through a pool of water, <span class=
+"pagenum"><a name="page102" id="page102"></a>[pg 102]</span> with which
+the exhibition terminated." There is a large print of it by
+Vivares, after a painting by T. Smith, representing Lyme Park
+during the performance of the annual ceremony, with the great Vale
+of Cheshire and Lancashire, as far as the Rivington Hills in the
+distance, and in the foreground the great body of the deer passing
+through the pool, the last just entering it, and the old stags
+emerging on the opposite bank, two of which are contending with
+their fore-feet, the horns at that season being too tender to
+combat with. This "art of driving the deer" like a herd of ordinary
+cattle, is stated on a monument, at Disley, to have been first
+perfected by Joseph Watson, who died in 1753, at the age of 104,
+"having been park-keeper at Lyme more than sixty-four years." The
+custom, however, appears not to have been peculiar to Lyme, as Dr.
+Whitaker describes, in his <i>Account of Townley</i>, (the seat of
+a collateral line of Legh,) "near the summit of the park, and where
+it declines to the south, the remains of a large pool, through
+which tradition reports that the deer were driven by their keepers
+in the manner still practised in the park at Lyme."<a id=
+"footnotetag8" name="footnotetag8"></a><a href=
+"#footnote8"><sup>8</sup></a></p>
+
+<p>Lyme Park is situated near the road from Manchester to London,
+through Buxton, adjacent to the picturesque village of Disley.</p>
+
+<p>Lyme Hall is the seat of the principal of the ancient family of
+Leghs. Perkins <i>&agrave; Legh</i>, a Norman, who was buried in
+Macclesfield Church, rendered considerable services in the battle
+of Cressy, for which he was presented with the estate and lordship
+of Lyme. The building is, in part, of the date of Elizabeth; and
+the other a regular structure, from a design of Leoni.</p>
+
+<p>P.T.W.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>STANNARY PARLIAMENT.</h3>
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<p>In the Forest of Dartmoor, Devonshire, between Tavistock and
+Chegford, is a high hill, called Crocken Tor, where the tinners of
+this county are obliged by their charter to assemble their
+parliaments, or the jurats who are commonly gentlemen within the
+jurisdiction, chosen from the four stannary courts of coinage in
+this county, of which the lord-warden is judge. The jurats being
+met to the number sometimes of two or three hundred, in this
+desolate place, are quite exposed to the weather and have no other
+place to sit upon but a moor-stone bench, and no refreshments but
+what they bring with them; for this reason the steward immediately
+adjourns the court to Tavistock, or some other stannary town.</p>
+
+<p>HALBERT H.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>DOWRUCK.</h3>
+
+<p>In different parts of the North of England it is customary for
+the labouring men to come before their masters at the close of
+their <i>dowruck</i> (day's work,) and inform him of their labours;
+the number of hours their work took them are cut in notches upon an
+ash stick, and at the end of the week when the men are paid, the
+stick is produced, which immediately shows what each man is
+entitled to.</p>
+
+<p>W.H.H.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>FAITOUR LANE,</h3>
+
+<p>Or as it is now called, Fetter Lane, is a term used by Chaucer,
+for an idle fellow. The propriety of its denomination is
+indisputable.</p>
+
+<p>W.H.H.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>ROBIN HOOD.</h3>
+
+<p>At Brough Sowerby, in Westmoreland, is an ale-house bearing the
+sign of Robin Hood, with the following lines beneath it:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Good frinds, good frinds, my ale is good.</p>
+
+<p>It is the sign of Robin Hood,</p>
+
+<p>If Robin Hood be not at hoame,</p>
+
+<p>Step in and drink with Littel Johne."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>W.H.H.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>JACK OF HILTON, THE BRAZEN IMAGE, ALIAS AN AEOLIPILE.</h3>
+
+<br />
+<br />
+
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<p>Dr. Plot, in his <i>History of Staffordshire</i>, says, "The
+following service is due from the Lord of Essington, in
+Staffordshire, to the Lord of Hilton, about a mile distant, viz.
+that the Lord of the Manor of Essington, shall bring a goose every
+New year's day, and drive it round the fire in the hall at Hilton,
+at least three times, whilst <i>Jack of Hilton</i> is blowing the
+fire. Now Jack of Hilton is a little hollow image of brass, of
+about twelve inches high, kneeling upon his left knee, and holding
+his right hand upon his head, having a little hole in the place of
+the mouth, about the bigness of a great pin's head, and another in
+the back about two-thirds of an inch diameter, at which last hole
+it is filled with water, it holding about four pints and a quarter,
+which when set to a strong fire, evaporates after the same manner
+as in an <i>Aeolipile</i>, and vents itself at the smaller hole at
+the mouth in a constant blast, blowing the fire so strongly that it
+is <span class="pagenum"><a name="page103" id="page103"></a>[pg
+103]</span> very audible, and makes a sensible impression on that
+part of the fire where the blast lights, as I found by experience,
+May 26, 1680. After the Lord of Essington, or his deputy, or
+bayliffe, has driven the goose round the fire (at least three
+times) whilst this image blows it, he carries it into the kitchen
+of Hilton Hall, and delivers it to the cook, who having dressed it,
+the Lord of Essington, or his bayliffe, by way of further service,
+brings it to the table of the Lord paramount of Hilton and
+Essington, and receives a dish of meat from the said Lord of
+Hilton's table, for his own mess."</p>
+
+<p>The Aeolipile, in hydraulics, is an instrument consisting of a
+hollow metallic ball, with a slender neck or pipe, arising from it.
+This being filled with water, and thus exposed to the fire,
+produces a vehement blast of wind.</p>
+
+<p>This instrument, Des Cartes and others, have made use of, to
+account for the natural cause and generation of wind; and hence its
+name, Aeolipile, <i>pila Aeoli</i>, Aeolus's ball.</p>
+
+<p>In Italy it is said that the Aeolipile is commonly made use of
+to cure smoky chimneys; for being hung over the fire, the blast
+arising from it carries up the loitering smoke along with it. This
+instrument was known to the ancients, and is mentioned by
+Vitruvius.</p>
+
+<p>Some late authors have discovered the extraordinary use to which
+the frauds of the heathen priesthood applied the Aeolipile, viz.
+the working of sham miracles. Besides <i>Jack of Hilton</i>, which
+had been an ancient Saxon, image, or idol, Mr. Weber shows, that
+<i>Pluster</i>, a celebrated German idol, is also of the Aeolipile
+kind, and in virtue thereof, could do noble feats: being filled
+with a fluid, and then set on the fire, it would be covered with
+sweat, and as the heat increased, would at length burst out into
+flames.</p>
+
+<p>An Aeolipile of great antiquity, made of brass, was some years
+since dug up on the site of the Basingstoke Canal, and presented to
+the Antiquarian Society of London. Instead of being globular, with
+a bent tube, it is in the form of a grotesque human figure, and the
+blast proceeds from its mouth.</p>
+
+<p>P.T.W.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>ORIGIN OF WEARING THE VEIL.</h3>
+
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<p>The origin of the veil is referred by the Greeks to modesty and
+bashfulness.</p>
+
+<p>About thirty furlongs from the city of Sparta, Icarius placed a
+statue of MODESTY, for the purpose of perpetuating the following
+incident:&mdash;Icarius having married his daughter to Ulysses,
+solicited his son-in-law to fix his household in Sparta, and remain
+there with his wife, to which Ulysses would not consent.</p>
+
+<p>Icarius made the request to his daughter, conjuring her not to
+abandon him, but seeing her ready to depart with Ulysses, for
+Ithaca, he redoubled his efforts to detain her, nor could he be
+prevailed on to desist from following the chariot on the way.</p>
+
+<p>Ulysses wearied with the importunities of Icarius, said to his
+wife, "<i>You</i> can best answer this request; it is yours to
+determine whether you will remain with your father at Sparta, or
+depart with your husband for Ithaca; you are mistress of the
+decision."</p>
+
+<p>The beautiful Penelope finding herself in this dilemma, blushed,
+and without making the least reply, drew her veil over her face,
+thereby intimating a denial to her father's request, and sunk into
+the arms of her husband.</p>
+
+<p>Icarius, very sensibly affected by this behaviour, and being
+desirous of transmitting it to posterity by the most durable
+monument, consecrated a statue to Modesty, on the very spot where
+Penelope had thrown the veil over her face; that after her it might
+be a universal symbol of delicacy among the fair sex.</p>
+
+<p>C.K.W.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<p>The manners of the Welsh must have been even less delicate than
+those of the Anglo-Saxons; for they thought it necessary to make a
+law, "that none of the courtiers should give the queen a blow, or
+snatch any thing with violence from her, under the penalty of
+incurring her majesty's displeasure."</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>FUNERAL OF A BURMESE PRIEST.</h3>
+
+<p>The funeral pile, in this case, is a car on wheels; and the body
+is blown away, from a huge wooden cannon or mortar, with the
+purpose, I believe, of conveying the soul more rapidly to heaven!
+Immense crowds are collected on occasions of these funerals, which,
+far from being conducted with mourning or solemnity, are occasions
+of rude mirth and boisterous rejoicing. Ropes are attached to each
+extremity of the car, and pulled in opposite directions by adverse
+parties; one of these being for consuming the body, the other for
+opposing it. The latter are at length overcome, fire is set to the
+pile amidst loud acclamations, and the ceremony is
+consummated.&mdash;<i>Crawford's Embassy to Ava</i>.</p>
+
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page104" id="page104"></a>[pg 104]</span>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>PLAN FOR A NEW CITY.</h2>
+
+<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"><a href=
+"images/385-2.png"><img width="100%" src="images/385-2.png" alt=
+"" /></a></div>
+
+<h4>(<i>To the Editor of the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+
+<p>The various ages, interests, and tastes which govern the
+progressive growth of cities, seem to be irremediable causes of the
+irregularity and inconvenience of their final formations or
+plans&mdash;and until this illustrious age of magnanimous projects
+and improvements, it would have been thought ridiculous to offer
+any radical expedient for a general improvement in the plans of
+cities; but <i>now</i> that we see <i>new</i> cities growing round
+the metropolis, and new towns planned for the distant dominions of
+Great Britain, it seems to be a convenient season for explaining my
+notions respecting the general plan of a city, with regard <i>only
+to the directions of the streets</i>, which after the repeated
+consideration of fifty years, I have concluded may, and ought to
+be, all straight streets, from <i>every extremity</i>, to the
+opposite, whatever be the form of the <i>outermost</i> boundary of
+the city or town.&mdash;These <i>conclusions</i> would most
+probably have passed off in silence, but for an accidental fancy
+arising in my mind, on reading lately in the Psalms, "<i>Jerusalem
+is a city that is in unity with itself</i>." This text awakened my
+dormant ideas on the proper formation of streets, and anticipating
+the reunion of the Jews, I began the accompanying sketch for a
+"<i>Holy City</i>," or "<i>a New Jerusalem</i>," which accounts for
+the twelve gates according with the original number of the tribes
+of Israel, and the ten streets which diverge from each gate are
+symbolic of the Ten Commandments, wherein they were commanded to
+walk; the twelve circular areas I thought to be properly dedicated
+to the Twelve Apostles of Christianity, under the idea that when
+the Jews are again called together it will be under the new
+covenant of Christianity, so that nothing could (in that case) be
+more appropriate than placing the original propagators of it where
+so many paths led towards them&mdash;and after fixing the place of
+public worship in the centre, my orthodoxy ceased to affect my
+scheme, for want of that technical knowledge which further detail
+would require&mdash;and having accomplished my favourite
+determination of planning a town without winding streets or crooked
+lanes. I offer it to the MIRROR as an <span class="pagenum"><a
+name="page105" id="page105"></a>[pg 105]</span> amusing novelty for the
+entertainment of its numerous readers. I think it would be not
+inappropriate to call it the Royal City of <i>Victoria</i>.</p>
+
+<p>CHARLES MATTER.</p>
+
+<p>(To the ingenious designer of the annexed sketch, we are
+likewise indebted for the Plan for a Maze, in our Vol. vii. page
+233. Mr. H. very pertinently observes to us "imagine what would
+have been said of this plan for a city, had Belzoni or Buckingham
+found exactly such a one in Assyria or Egypt,&mdash;of antique
+date?")</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>THE SELECTOR;</h2>
+
+<h3>AND LITERARY NOTICES OF <i>NEW WORKS.</i></h3>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>NEW EDITION OF THE WAVERLEY NOVELS.</h3>
+
+<p>It is rather late in the day to speak of what is technically
+termed the "getting-up" of this elegant edition of the most popular
+works of our time. There are now three volumes
+published&mdash;<i>Waverley</i>, in two vols. and one vol. or half
+of <i>Guy Mannering</i>. Each of the former contains upwards of 400
+pages, and the latter nearly that number&mdash;beautifully printed
+in what we call a very inviting type, on excellent paper, of rich
+colour, and not too garish for the eye of the reader. The
+engravings to <i>Waverley</i> are by Graves, C. Rolls, and Raddon,
+after E.P. and J. Stephanoff, Newton, and Landseer&mdash;a
+frontispiece and plate title page and vignette to each volume. To
+our taste the vignettes are exquisite&mdash;one by Landseer,
+<i>David Gellatley, with Ban and Buscar</i>, is extremely
+beautiful. The illustrations to the volume of <i>Guy Mannering</i>
+are by Duncan, and C.G. Cooke, after Leslie and Kidd. The volumes
+are in substantial canvass binding. Their low price, a crown
+a-piece, is the marvel of bookselling, for were they only reprints
+without copyright, they would be unprecedentedly cheap. The whole
+series will extend to forty volumes, to be published in three
+years, and will cost ten pounds. Fifteen-pence a week for the above
+term will thus provide a family with one of the most elegant
+drawing-room libraries that can be desired. They will about occupy
+three <i>cheffonier</i> shelves;&mdash;or what delightful volumes
+for fire-side shelves, or a "little book-room," or a breakfast
+parlour opening on a carpet of lawn&mdash;or to read by the hour,
+with a golden-haired lady-friend, and chat awhile, and then turn to
+the most attractive scenes in the novel, while we ourselves are
+perhaps enacting the hero in a romance of real life. Few novels
+admit of a second reading; but the <i>Waverley</i> series will
+never lose their attraction&mdash;and to remember when and where,
+and with whom you first read each of them, may perhaps revive many
+pleasantries.</p>
+
+<p>Of the literary Notes and emendations of the present edition, we
+have already expressed our opinion by the selection of several of
+them for the pages of the MIRROR; and in the progress of the
+publication, we shall endeavour to award similar justice to each of
+the works.</p>
+
+<p>In the <i>Athenaeum</i>, of August 5, the presumed profit on the
+whole edition is estimated at &pound;100,000.! The calculation of
+the sale of 12,000 of each work is a reasonable one, and splendid
+as, in that case, the reward will be, the reading-public will be
+the gainers.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>THE FAMILY LIBRARY.</h3>
+
+<h3><i>History of the Jews.</i></h3>
+
+<p>We scarcely know how to do justice to the high character of the
+series of volumes now publishing under this denomination. In
+printing and embellishment they take the lead of the Periodical
+Works of our day, (and some of these are extremely beautiful,)
+while their literary worth is even of superior order. Although they
+are matter-of-fact works&mdash;as in history and
+biography&mdash;they are not mere compilations of dry details and
+uninteresting lives; but they are so interspersed with new views,
+and the facts are so often re-written, that the whole have the
+appearance of original works. Excellent principles, and economy of
+cost are, likewise, two important points of their recommendations;
+for many works which have already appeared on the same subjects,
+have been deformed by party spirit, and written to serve a sect, or
+are so expensive as to be purchaseable only by the wealthy ranks,
+and scarcely accessible by the middle classes of society; whereas
+the Family Library is published at a rate within the reach of
+two-thirds of the reading public, who may therefore possess what
+they read, and appreciate the value of these volumes as works of
+reference and authority.</p>
+
+<p>The division of the series which has called forth this notice,
+is No. 5, or the first volume of the <i>History of the Jews</i>, to
+be completed in three volumes, by the Rev. H.H. Milman, Professor
+of Poetry at Oxford, and the author of the splendid poem&mdash;The
+Fall of Jerusalem; and judging by the portion before us, this work
+will form one of the most attractive in the whole series. In proof
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page106" id="page106"></a>[pg
+106]</span> of this it would be easy to select many passages which
+are beautifully picturesque; a few, however, will suffice:</p>
+
+<p>"The Jews, without reference to their religious belief, are
+among the most remarkable people in the annals of mankind. Sprung
+from one stock, they pass the infancy of their nation in a state of
+servitude in a foreign country, where, nevertheless, they increase
+so rapidly, as to appear on a sudden the fierce and irresistible
+conquerors of their native valleys in Palestine. There they settle
+down under a form of government and code of laws totally unlike
+those of any other rude or civilized community. They sustain a long
+and doubtful conflict, sometimes enslaved, sometimes victorious,
+with the neighbouring tribes. At length, united under one monarchy,
+they gradually rise to the rank of a powerful, opulent, and
+commercial people. Subsequently weakened by internal discord, they
+are overwhelmed by the vast monarchies which arose on the banks of
+the Euphrates, and transplanted into a foreign region. They are
+partially restored, by the generosity or policy of the Eastern
+sovereigns, to their native land. They are engaged in wars of the
+most romantic gallantry, in assertion of their independence,
+against the Syro-Grecian successors of Alexander. Under Herod, they
+rise to a second era of splendour, as a dependent kingdom of Rome:
+finally, they make the last desperate resistance to the universal
+dominion of the Caesars. Scattered from that period over the face
+of the earth&mdash;hated, scorned, and oppressed, they subsist, a
+numerous and often a thriving people; and in all the changes of
+manners and opinions retain their ancient institutions, their
+national character, and their indelible hope of restoration to
+grandeur and happiness in their native land. Thus the history of
+this, perhaps the only unmingled race, which can boast of high
+antiquity, leads us through every gradation of society and brings
+us into contact with almost every nation which commands our
+interest in the ancient world; the migratory pastoral population of
+Asia; Egypt, the mysterious parent of arts, science, and
+legislation; the Arabian Desert; the Hebrew theocracy under the
+form of a federative agricultural republic, their kingdom powerful
+in war and splendid in peace; Babylon, in its magnificence and
+downfall; Grecian arts and luxury endeavouring to force an
+unnatural refinement within the pale of the rigid Mosaic
+institutions; Roman arms waging an exterminating war with the
+independence even of the smallest states; it descends, at length,
+to all the changes in the social state of the modern European and
+Asiatic nations."</p>
+
+<p>At page 32, there is an interesting picture of the state of
+society in Patriarchal times&mdash;the whole of the life of Moses
+is extremely well written&mdash;the description of the Plague is
+indeed terrific&mdash;and the death and character of the Prophet
+drawn with a masterly and vigorous hand. The reigns of David and
+Solomon, as might be expected, are magnificently told. Among the
+picturesque sketches none exceed the&mdash;</p>
+
+<h3>DESCRIPTION OF PALESTINE.</h3>
+
+<p>"It is almost impossible to calculate with accuracy the area of
+a country, the frontier of which is irregular on every side. Lowman
+has given three different estimates of the extent of territory
+occupied by the twelve tribes, the mean between the two extremes
+approaches probably the nearest to the truth. According to this
+computation, the Jewish dominion, at the time of the Division, was
+180 miles long, by 130 wide, and contained 14,976,000 acres. This
+quantity of land will divide to 600,000 men, about 21-1/2 acres in
+property, with a remainder of 1,976,000 acres for the Levitical
+cities, the princes of tribes, the heads of families, and other
+public uses. Assuming this estate of 21-1/2 acres, assigned to each
+household, of course a larger proportion of pasture must have been
+given to those tribes who subsisted on their herds and flocks, than
+of arable to those who lived by tillage, the portions of the
+latter, therefore, must be considerably reduced. On the other hand,
+the extraordinary fertility of the whole country must be taken into
+the account. No part was waste; very little was occupied by
+unprofitable wood; the more fertile hills were cultivated in
+artificial terraces, others were hung with orchards of fruit trees;
+the more rocky and barren districts were covered with vineyards.
+Even in the present day, the wars and misgovernment of ages have
+not exhausted the natural richness of the soil. Galilee, says Malte
+Brun, would be a paradise were it inhabited by an industrious
+people, under an enlightened government. No land could be less
+dependent on foreign importation; it bore within itself every thing
+that could be necessary for the subsistence and comfort of a simple
+agricultural people. The climate was healthy, the seasons regular;
+the former rains, which fell about October, after the vintage,
+prepared the ground <span class="pagenum"><a name="page107" id=
+"page107"></a>[pg 107]</span> for the seed; the latter, which
+prevailed during March and the beginning of April, made it grow
+rapidly. Directly the rains ceased, the grain ripened with still
+greater rapidity, and was gathered in before the end of May. The
+summer months were dry and very hot, but the nights cool and
+refreshed by copious dews. In September, the vintage was gathered.
+Grain of all kinds, wheat, barley, millet, zea, and other sorts,
+grew in abundance; the wheat commonly yielded thirty for one.
+Besides the vine and the olive, the almond, the date, figs of many
+kinds, the orange, the pomegranates, and many other fruit-trees,
+flourished in the greatest luxuriance. Great quantity of honey was
+collected. The balm tree, which produced the opobalsamum, a great
+object of trade, was probably introduced from Arabia in the time of
+Solomon. It nourished about Jericho and in Gilead."</p>
+
+<p>This is but a portion of the sketch. The wealth and commerce of
+the country is thus told:</p>
+
+<p>"The only public revenue of the Hebrew commonwealth was that of
+the sacred treasury, the only public expenditure that of the
+religious worship. This was supported by a portion of the spoils
+taken in war; the first fruits, which in their institution were no
+more than could be carried in a basket, at a later period were
+rated to be one part in sixty; the redemption of the first born,
+and of whatever was vowed to the Lord. Almost every thing of the
+last class might be commuted for money according to a fixed scale.
+The different annual festivals were well calculated to promote
+internal commerce: maritime or foreign trade, is scarcely mentioned
+in the law, excepting in two obscure prophetic intimations of
+advantages, which the tribes of Dan and Zebulun were to derive from
+their maritime situation. On this subject the lawgiver could have
+learned nothing in Egypt. The commerce of that country was confined
+to the inland caravan trade. The Egyptians hated or dreaded the
+sea, which they considered either the dwelling of the evil
+principle, or the evil principle itself. At all events, the Hebrews
+at this period were either blind to the maritime advantages of
+their situation, or unable to profit by them. The ports were the
+last places they conquered. Sidon, if indeed within their boundary,
+never lost its independence; Tyre, if it existed, was a town too
+obscure to be named; Ecdippa and Acco remained in the power of the
+Canaanites; Joppa is not mentioned as a port till much later. The
+manufactures of the people supplied their own wants; they brought
+from Egypt the arts of weaving woollens and linens, stuffs made of
+fine goats' hair, and probably cotton; of dying in various colours,
+and bleaching, and of embroidering; of many kinds of carpenter's
+work; of building, some of the rules of which were regulated by
+law; of making earthenware vessels; of working in iron, brass, and
+the precious metals, both casting them and forming them with the
+tool; of gilding, engraving seals, and various other kinds of
+ornamental work, which were employed in the construction of the
+altars and sacred vessels of the Tabernacle."</p>
+
+<p>Among the illustrative passages we notice the following
+exquisite paragraph on the&mdash;</p>
+
+<h3>HEBREW POETS.</h3>
+
+<p>"THE three most eminent men in the Hebrew annals, Moses, David,
+and Solomon, were three of their most distinguished poets. The
+hymns of David excel no less in sublimity and tenderness of
+expression than in loftiness and purity of religious sentiment. In
+comparison with them the sacred poetry of all other nations sinks
+into mediocrity. They have embodied so exquisitely the universal
+language of religious emotion, that (a few fierce and vindictive
+passages excepted, natural in the warrior-poet of a sterner age,)
+they have entered with unquestioned propriety into the ritual of
+the holier and more perfect religion of Christ. The songs which
+cheered the solitude of the desert caves of Engedi, or resounded
+from the voice of the Hebrew people as they wound along the glens
+or the hill-sides of Judaea, have been repeated for ages in almost
+every part of the habitable world, in the remotest islands of the
+ocean, among the forests of America or the sands of Africa. How
+many human hearts have they softened, purified, exalted!&mdash;of
+how many wretched beings have they been the secret
+consolation!&mdash;on how many communities have they drawn down the
+blessings of Divine Providence, by bringing the affections into
+unison with their deep, devotional fervour."</p>
+
+<p>The present volume extends from the time of Abraham to the
+Babylonian Captivity. It is illustrated with three excellent maps,
+and a few wood cuts; but we are convinced that we need add nothing
+further of its contents to recommend the <i>History of the Jews</i>
+to the attention <span class="pagenum"><a name="page108" id=
+"page108"></a>[pg 108]</span> of our readers; for it is one of the
+most splendid and fascinating works in our recollection.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>LIBRARY OF ENTERTAINING KNOWLEDGE.</h3>
+
+<p>The Fourth Part of this well-arranged publication, is "<i>The
+Pursuit of Knowledge under difficulties illustrated by
+Anecdotes</i>." The matter is judiciously divided into chapters, as
+"Strength of the Passion for Knowledge&mdash;Humble Station no
+Obstacle&mdash;Obscure Origin&mdash;Artists rising from the lower
+to the higher classes&mdash;Late Learners&mdash;Early Age of Great
+Men&mdash;Self-educated Men&mdash;Literary Pursuits of
+Soldiers&mdash;Merchants, Booksellers, and Printers." All these
+heads are illustrated by anecdotes&mdash;some of them well known,
+others drawn from uncommon sources&mdash;and all replete with
+useful information, and furnishing an exhaustless store of
+entertainment. Such a volume is, indeed, <i>a book for the
+people</i>, and will do more towards the spread of knowledge, and
+the excitement of those engaged in its pursuit, than scores of
+fine-spun theories cramped up with technicalities. For young people
+we consider this book a real treasure; since the examples selected
+are not those of men who became intoxicated with their success, or
+gave up useful occupation for mere elegant literature or
+experimental knowledge; but the instances are chiefly of such as
+have turned their genius to good account, or for the benefit of
+themselves and their fellow men. We call such men the
+<i>honourables of the land</i>, whose examples should be written in
+letters of gold, and on monuments of marble, as helps to social
+duties and for the imitation of after times.</p>
+
+<p>We have marked for our next number a few extracts which will be
+interesting to our readers to explain the mode by which the heads
+of a chapter are illustrated. The biographettes of John Hunter,
+Simpson, J. Stone, and Fergusson, and the introductory
+illustrations of Newton, are the most striking portions of the
+volume; and they maybe read and re-read with increasing advantage.
+Of Hunter and Fergusson there are good portraits.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h2>Spirit of Discovery.</h2>
+
+<hr />
+<h3><i>Block Machinery.</i></h3>
+
+<p>Mr. Faraday has lately described at the Royal Institution,
+Brunel's Block Machinery at Portsmouth, with a set of magnificent
+models of this admirable invention, which were lent to the Society
+by the Navy Board. They consist of eight separate machines, which
+work in succession, so as to begin and finish off a two-sheaved
+block four inches in length. These were put by Messrs. Maudsley and
+Field's men (who made them) into such communication and action, as
+to perform the set of operations in the most perfect manner.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. F. briefly stated that the Block Machinery of Portsmouth, by
+adjustments, could manufacture blocks of 100 different
+sizes&mdash;could with thirty men make 100 per hour; and from the
+time of its completion in 1804-5 to the present day, had required
+no repairs from Maudsley, the original manufacturer. The total cost
+was given at 46,000 <i>l</i>., and the saving per annum in time of
+war 25,000 <i>l</i>. This is a paragon of art which we could see
+again and again.</p>
+
+<h3><i>Enameled Street Names.</i></h3>
+
+<p>The names of the Streets in Paris have been recently put up on
+enameled plates; the ground being blue, and the letters white. The
+substance on which the enameling is performed is lava in slabs; the
+same substance has since been used as the basis of certain enameled
+designs; it is much superior in some points to porcelain in this
+application, because the necessary exposure to fire does not cause
+it to crack in the manner that porcelain does.&mdash;<i>From the
+French</i>.</p>
+
+<h3><i>Preservation of Wine Must.</i></h3>
+
+<p>Charcoal was added to grape must, in the proportion of 100
+grains to a litre (2.1 pints), or if very much inclined to ferment,
+more charcoal was used. When the liquid had settled, and become
+clear and colourless, it was removed from the charcoal, and put
+into bottles or casks, to be closed up, and preserved. It will not
+enter into fermentation, even in close vessels; for the charcoal
+has absorbed the ferment. Nevertheless, the ferment has not lost
+its powers by combination with the carbon; for, if left in the
+must, the latter begins to ferment, but only where in contact with
+the former.&mdash;<i>From the French</i>.</p>
+
+<h3><i>Weevils in Granaries.</i></h3>
+
+<p>Wash the floor and sides of the granary with a mixture of urine
+and water before the corn is stored up; this washing is to be
+repeated several times, the walls and floors of the granary being
+well swept between each operation.&mdash;<i>From the
+French</i>.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page109" id="page109"></a>[pg
+109]</span></p>
+
+<h3><i>French Eggs and Apples.</i></h3>
+
+<p>In the year 1827 there were 63,109,618 hen's eggs, and 14,182
+bushels of apples imported from France into England.</p>
+
+<h3><i>Enlargement of Artichokes.</i></h3>
+
+<p>The gardeners in the south of France increase the size of
+artichokes by splitting the stem into four at the base of the
+receptacle, and introducing two small sticks in the form of a
+cross. This operation should not be made until the stem has
+attained the height it ought to have.&mdash;<i>From the
+French</i>.</p>
+
+<h3><i>Preservation of Potatoes.</i></h3>
+
+<p>Potatoes at the depth of one foot in the ground, produce shoots
+near the end of spring; at the depth of two feet they appear in the
+middle of summer; at three feet they are very short, and never come
+to the surface; and between three and five feet they cease to
+vegetate. In consequence of observing these effects several parcels
+of potatoes were buried in a garden at the depth of three and a
+half feet, and were not removed. until after an interval of one or
+two years. They were then found without, any shoots, and possessing
+their original freshness, firmness, goodness, and taste. <i>From
+the French</i>.</p>
+
+<h3><i>Leeches.</i></h3>
+
+<p>It is well known that atmospheric changes have a remarkable
+influence upon leeches. In 1825, M. Derheim, of St. Omer, ascribes
+the almost sudden death of them at the approach of, or during
+storms, to the coagulation of the blood of these creatures, caused
+by the impression of the atmospheric electricity.&mdash;<i>From the
+French</i>.</p>
+
+<h3><i>Carpenter's Microscope.</i></h3>
+
+<p>Mr. Carpenter's achromatic solar microscope has now a white
+circular area of nine feet in diameter, to receive the images of
+the objects upon, some of which are magnified to the enormous size
+of upwards of eight feet in length!</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Carpenter's lucernal microscopes are now arranged in a kind
+of temple, placed in the middle of a room, and illuminated by the
+light of one powerful Argand lamp, so as to be independent of all
+natural light; thus, in all seasons, even in cloudy weather, the
+objects are as brilliantly displayed as they could be last year
+when the sun shone.&mdash;<i>Gill's Repository</i>.</p>
+
+<h3><i>Beet Root Sugar.</i></h3>
+
+<p>There are now in France upwards of one hundred manufactories of
+beet root sugar, from which were produced last year upwards of
+5,000 tons of sugar, worth 60 <i>l.</i> per ton, or 300,000
+<i>l</i>.; the profit of which is estimated at 15 <i>l.</i> an
+acre; but, says one of the manufacturers, the process may be so far
+improved, that sugar will be made in France from the beet root at
+30 <i>l.</i> per ton, which will increase the profit to 24
+<i>l.</i> an acre. A writer in the <i>Quarterly Journal of
+Agriculture</i> observes that "it is difficult to conceive that one
+half of the sugar consumed in Great Britain, or in all Europe, will
+not, in a few years, be home-made beet root sugar."</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS</h2>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>LORD BYRON AND SIR WALTER SCOTT AT WATERLOO.</h3>
+
+<h4><i>By a Sexagenarian.</i></h4>
+
+<p>In his transit to Italy in August, 1816, Lord Byron visited
+Brussels (where I was residing) accompanied by Dr. Polidori. The
+moment I heard of his arrival, I waited on him, and was received
+with the greatest cordiality and kindness.</p>
+
+<p>As he proposed visiting Waterloo on the following morning, I
+offered my services as his cicerone, which were graciously
+accepted, and we set out at an early hour, accompanied by his
+<i>compagnon de voyage</i>. The weather was propitious, but the
+poet's spirits seemed depressed, and we passed through the gloomy
+forest of Soignies without much conversation. As the plan of the
+inspection of the field had been left to me, I ordered our
+postilion to drive to Mont St. Jean, without stopping at Waterloo.
+We got out at the monuments. Lord Byron gazed about for five
+minutes without uttering a syllable; at last, turning to me, he
+said&mdash;"I am not disappointed. I have seen the plains of
+Marathon, and these are as fine. Can you tell me," he continued,
+"where Picton fell? because I have heard that my friend Howard was
+killed at his side, and nearly at the same moment."</p>
+
+<p>The spot was well known, and I pointed with my finger to some
+trees near it, at the distance of one hundred and fifty yards: we
+walked to the spot. "Howard," said his lordship, with a sigh, "was
+my relation and dear friend; but we quarrelled, and I was in the
+wrong; we were, however, reconciled, at which I now rejoice." He
+spoke these words with great feeling, and we returned to examine
+the monument of Sir Alexander Gordon, a broken column, on which he
+made some criticisms, bestowing <span class="pagenum"><a name=
+"page110" id="page110"></a>[pg 110]</span> great praise on the
+fraternal affection of his brother, who had erected it. He did not
+seem much interested about the positions of the troops, which I
+pointed out to him; and we got into our carriage, and drove to the
+Ch&acirc;teau Goumont, the poet remaining silent, pensive, and in a
+musing mood, which I took care not to interrupt.</p>
+
+<p>The gallant defence of this post seemed to interest him more,
+and I recapitulated all the particulars I knew of the attack. From
+the bravery displayed by the handful of troops (the Guards) who
+defended it, it has acquired its reputation. Though they were
+reinforced more than once, the number never exceeded twelve
+hundred; and notwithstanding the enemy having, by battering down
+the gate of the farmyard, and setting fire to the straw in it, got
+possession of the outer works, in the evening attack, they could
+make no impression on the strong hold, the garden&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Whose close pleach'd walks and bowers have been</p>
+
+<p>The deadly marksman's lurking screen."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>They reaped no advantage by these assaults; on the contrary,
+they sacrificed a great many brave men without any purpose. It was
+a most important post; for had they succeeded in getting possession
+of it, and driving out our troops, their guns would have enfiladed
+us, and we should have been obliged to change our front. The
+pompous title of <i>ch&acirc;teau</i> gives a little additional
+importance to this position, though it is only a miserable dwelling
+of two stories, somewhat resembling the habitations of our
+<i>Bonnet Lairds</i> about the beginning of the last century. The
+area of the house is about two Scotch acres, including the garden.
+The clipped and shady walks have been long since cut down, which
+takes away much interest from it; and the stupid Fleming to whom it
+belonged, cut down the young trees in front of it, because they had
+been wounded by the bullets, which he was informed "would cause
+them to bleed to death!" The nobleman who now possesses it, had,
+with better taste, repaired the ch&acirc;teau, and will not permit
+any alteration in its appearance.</p>
+
+<p>I asked Byron what he thought of Mr. Scott's "Field of
+Waterloo," just published&mdash;if it was fair to ask one poet his
+opinion of a living contemporary. "Oh," said he, "quite fair;
+besides, there is not much subject for criticism in this hasty
+sketch. The reviewers call it a <i>falling off</i>; but I am sure
+there is no poet living who could have written so many good lines
+on so meagre a subject, in so short a time. Scott," he added, "is a
+fine poet, and a most amiable man. We are great friends. As a prose
+writer, he has no rival; and has not been approached since
+Cervantes, in depicting manners. His tales are my constant
+companions. It is highly absurd his denying, what every one that
+knows him believes, his being the author of these admirable works.
+Yet no man is obliged to give his name to the public, except he
+chooses so to do; and Scott is not likely to be compelled by the
+law, for he does not write libels, nor a line of which he may be
+ashamed." He said a great deal more in praise of his friend, for
+whom he had the highest respect and regard. "I wish," added the
+poet, with feeling, "it had been my good fortune to have had such a
+Mentor. No author," he observed, "had deserved more from the
+public, or has been so liberally rewarded. Poor Milton got only
+15<i>l.</i> for his 'Paradise Lost,' while a modern poet has as
+much for a stanza." I know not if he made any allusion to himself
+in this remark, but it has been said that Murray paid him that sum
+for every verse of "Childe Harold."</p>
+
+<p>Lord Byron, in reading aloud the stanzas of Mr. Scott,</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"For high, and deathless is the name,</p>
+
+<p>Oh Hougoinont, thy ruins claim!</p>
+
+<p>The sound of Cressy none shall own,</p>
+
+<p>And Agincourt shall be unknown,</p>
+
+<p>And Blenheim be a nameless spot</p>
+
+<p>Long ere thy glories are forgot," &amp;c.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>he exclaimed, striking the page with his hand, "I'll be
+d&mdash;&mdash;d if they will, Mr. Scott, be forgot!"</p>
+
+<p>SIR WALTER SCOTT.</p>
+
+<p>Sir Walter Scott visited Brussels about the middle of August,
+1816, when I had the good fortune to meet him at the house of Sir
+Frederick Adam, who was prevented by a wound from joining his
+brigade, though he was able to do the duties of the small garrison
+there.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Scott accepted my services to conduct him to Waterloo. The
+general's aid-de-camp was also of the party, Mr. Scott being
+accompanied by two friends, his fellow travellers. He made no
+secret of his having undertaken to write something on the battle;
+and he took the greater interest on this account in every thing
+that he saw. Besides, he had never seen a field of such a conflict;
+and never having been before on the Continent, it was all new to
+his comprehensive mind. The day was beautiful; and I had the
+precaution to send out a couple of saddle-horses, that he might not
+be fatigued in walking over <span class="pagenum"><a name="page111"
+id="page111"></a>[pg 111]</span> the fields which had been recently
+ploughed up. The animal he rode was so quiet that he was much
+gratified, and had an opportunity of examining every spot of the
+positions of both armies; and seemed greatly delighted, especially
+with the Farm of Goumont, where he loitered a couple of hours. In
+our rounds we fell in with Monsieur Da Costar, with whom he got
+into conversation, though I had told him he was an impostor. But he
+had attracted so much notice by his pretended story of being about
+the person of Napoleon, that he was of too much importance to be
+passed by: I did not, indeed, know as much of this fellow's
+Charlatanism at that time as afterwards, when I saw him confronted
+with a blacksmith of La Belle Alliance, who had been his companion
+in a hiding-place, ten miles from the field, during the whole day;
+a fact which he could not deny. But he had got up a tale so
+plausible, and so profitable, that he could afford to bestow
+hush-money on the companion of his flight, so that the imposition
+was but little known, and strangers continued to be gulled. He had
+picked up a good deal of information about the positions and
+details of the battle, and being naturally a sagacious Wallon, and
+speaking French pretty fluently, he became the favourite
+<i>cicerone</i>, and every lie he told was taken for gospel. Year
+after year, until his death, in 1824, he continued his popularity,
+and raised the price of his rounds from a couple of francs to five;
+besides as much for the hire of a horse, his own property; for he
+pretended that the fatigue of walking so many hours was beyond his
+powers. It has been said, that in this way he realized every summer
+a couple of hundred Napoleons. It is surprising how any one could
+believe the story he told; for supposing that he had been seized
+upon by Napoleon, what use could such a vagabond be as a guide?
+What was he to show? The British army was staring the Emperor in
+the face at a mile distant. This <i>soi-disant</i> hero could only
+be an incumbrance during the conflict, if his courage could have
+been screwed up to remain at Napoleon's side, as he pretended he
+had done, and that when he became panicstruck on the approach of
+the Prussians, he was rewarded for his services with a twenty-franc
+coin. He even pointed out the actual spot where he stood with the
+Emperor on the <i>chauss&eacute;e</i>&mdash;heard him exclaim
+"Sauve qui peut!" and saw him mount his horse, and
+brush!&mdash;<i>facts</i>, which are become historical!</p>
+
+<p>When Sir Walter had examined every point of defence and attack
+we adjourned to the "Original Duke of Wellington," at Waterloo, to
+dinner, after the fatigues of the ride. Here he had a crowded
+lev&eacute;e of peasants, and collected a great many trophies, from
+cuirasses down to buttons and bullets. He picked up himself many
+little relics, and was fortunate in purchasing a grand cross of the
+legion of honour. But the most precious relic was presented to him
+by my wife&mdash;a French soldier's book, well stained with blood,
+and containing some poetical effusions, called "Troubadours," which
+he found so interesting that he translated them into English, and
+they were introduced into his "Paul's Letters;" on the publication
+of which he did her the honour of sending her a copy, with a most
+flattering letter, to say, "that he considered her gift as the most
+valuable of all his Waterloo relics."</p>
+
+<p>On our return from the field, he kindly passed the evening with
+us, and a few friends whom we invited to meet him. He charmed us
+with his delightful conversation, and was in great spirits from the
+agreeable day he had passed; and with great good humour promised to
+write a stanza in the lady's Album. The following morning he called
+to achieve this; and I put him into my little library, the door of
+which I locked to prevent interruption, as a great many of my
+friends had paraded in the <i>Parc</i> opposite my window to get a
+peep of the celebrated man, many having dogged him from his
+hotel.</p>
+
+<p>Brussels affords but little worthy of the notice of such a
+traveller as the author of "Waverley;" but he greatly admired the
+splendid tower of the Maison de Ville, and the ancient sculpture
+and style of architecture of the buildings which surround the Grand
+Place.</p>
+
+<p>He told us, with great humour, a laughable incident which had
+occurred to him at Antwerp. The morning after his arrival at that
+city from Holland, he started at an early hour to visit the tomb of
+Rubens in the Church of St. Jacques, before his party were up.
+Having provided himself with a map of the city, he had no other
+guide; but after wandering about for an hour, without finding the
+object he had in view, he determined to make inquiry, and observing
+a person stalking about like himself, he addressed him, in his best
+French; but the stranger pulling off his hat, very respectfully
+replied, in the pure Highland accent, "I'm vary sorry, Sir, but I
+canna speak ony thing besides <span class="pagenum"><a name=
+"page112" id="page112"></a>[pg 112]</span> English."&mdash;"This is
+very unlucky indeed, Donald," said Mr. Scott, "but we must help one
+another; for, to tell you the truth, I'm not good at any other
+tongue but the English, or rather, the Scotch."&mdash;"Oh, Sir,
+maybe," replied the Highlander, "you are a countryman, and ken my
+maister, Captain Cameron, of the 79th, and could tell me where he
+lodges. I'm just cum in, Sir, frae a place they ca' <i>Machlin</i>,
+and ha forgotten the name of the captain's quarters; it was
+something like the <i>Laaborer</i>."&mdash;"I can, I think, help
+you with this, my friend," rejoined Mr. Scott. "There is an inn
+just opposite to you, (pointing to the <i>Hotel de Grand
+Laboreur</i>,) I dare say that will be the captain's quarters;" and
+so it was. I cannot do justice to the humour in which Mr. Scott
+recounted this dialogue.</p>
+
+<p><i>New Monthly Magazine</i>.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>The Gatherer.</h2>
+
+<h4>A snapper up of unconsidered trifles. SHAKSPEARE.</h4>
+
+<br />
+<br />
+
+
+<hr />
+<h3>SUPERSTITION.</h3>
+
+<p>Catherine de Medicis, in order to be assured of the assistance
+of heaven in a certain project, vowed to send a pilgrim to
+Jerusalem, who should walk three feet forwards and one backwards
+all the way. A countryman of Picardy undertook the fulfilment of
+this vow, and having employed a whole year in the task, was
+rewarded with a title and a large sum of money.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<p>The Romans deposed their Dictator, Minutius, and the general of
+their cavalry, Caius Flaminius, on the same day they had been
+elected, because one of the citizens of Rome had heard a mouse
+squeak.</p>
+
+<p>A.V.M.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>NAPKINS.</h3>
+
+<p>When Diego de Torres, the Spanish ambassador, in 1547, first
+dined with the Emperor of Morocco at his court, he was amused by
+the customs of the table; neither knives, forks, nor spoons, were
+provided; but each person helped himself with his fingers, and
+cleaned his hands with his tongue, excepting the emperor, who wiped
+the hand he took his meat up with on the head of a black boy, ten
+years old, who stood by his side. The ambassador smiled, and the
+emperor observing it, asked what Christian kings wiped their hands
+with at meals, and what such things were worth? "Fine napkins,"
+replied the ambassador, "a clean one at every meal, worth a crown a
+piece or more." "Don't you think this napkin much better," said the
+emperor, wiping his hand again on the black boy's head, "which is
+worth seventy or eighty crowns."</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h3>JUSTICE.</h3>
+
+<p>"What is your fare, coachee," said a stout gentleman alighting
+from a hackney-coach.</p>
+
+<p><i>Coachee</i>.&mdash;"One shilling, sir."</p>
+
+<p><i>Gent</i>.&mdash;"One shilling! What an imposition for such a
+short distance."</p>
+
+<p><i>Coachee</i>.&mdash;"I'll take my oath that is my fare."</p>
+
+<p><i>Gent</i>.&mdash;"Will you? very well, I am a magistrate,
+proceed&mdash;(<i>Coachee is sworn</i>)&mdash;That will do, the
+shilling I shall keep for the affidavit."</p>
+
+<hr />
+<p>Philip III. King of Spain, wept at an <i>Auto da F&eacute;</i>,
+because he saw so many fellow creatures inhumanly tormented. This
+was thought by the Grand Inquisitor to be a great sin, and he
+terrified the king so much with his remonstrances, that Philip
+suffered himself to be bled, and the blood to be given to the
+common executioner, to be burnt at the next <i>Auto da
+F&eacute;</i>, by way of penance.</p>
+
+<hr />
+<p><i>Cobweb</i> comes from the Dutch word <i>Kopwebbe</i>; and
+<i>Kop</i> in that language signifies a spider.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<p>(S.I.B.'s interesting paper on the Birth of Edward VI. and Death
+of Queen Jane Seymour, did not reach us till our description of
+Hampton Court was ready for press: our Correspondent's contribution
+shall appear next week.)</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<h4>LIMBIRD'S EDITION OF THE FOLLOWING NOVELS IS ALREADY
+PUBLISHED:</h4>
+
+<pre>
+                                       <i>s.</i>    <i>d.</i>
+Mackenzie's Man of Feeling .  .  .  .  0     6
+Paul and Virginia .  .  .  .  .  .  .  0     6
+The Castle of Otranto.  .  .  .  .  .  0     6
+Almoran and Hamet .  .  .  .  .  .  .  0     6
+Elizabeth, or the Exiles of Siberia .  0     6
+The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne  .  0     6
+Rasselas .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  0     8
+The Old English Baron.  .  .  .  .  .  0     8
+Nature and Art .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  0     8
+Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield.  .  .  0    10
+Sicilian Romance  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  1     0
+The Man of the World .  .  .  .  .  .  1     0
+A Simple Story .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  1     4
+Joseph Andrews .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  1     6
+Humphry Clinker.  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  1     8
+The Romance of the Forest  .  .  .  .  1     8
+The Italian .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  2     0
+Zeluco, by Dr. Moore .  .  .  .  .  .  2     6
+Edward, by Dr. Moore .  .  .  .  .  .  2     6
+Roderick Random   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  2     6
+The Mysteries of Udolpho.  .  .  .  .  3     6
+Peregrine Pickle  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  4     6
+</pre>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote1" name=
+"footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b> <a href=
+"#footnotetag1">(return)</a>
+
+<p>An obsolete French term of salutation, abridged from <i>Bon prou
+vous</i>, i.e. much good may it do you.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote2" name=
+"footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b> <a href=
+"#footnotetag2">(return)</a>
+
+<p>Stow's Annals.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote3" name=
+"footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b> <a href=
+"#footnotetag3">(return)</a>
+
+<p>Fuller's Church History.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote4" name=
+"footnote4"></a><b>Footnote 4:</b> <a href=
+"#footnotetag4">(return)</a>
+
+<p>Rymer's Foedera.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote5" name=
+"footnote5"></a><b>Footnote 5:</b> <a href=
+"#footnotetag5">(return)</a>
+
+<p>Clarendon's History of the Rebellion.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote6" name=
+"footnote6"></a><b>Footnote 6:</b> <a href=
+"#footnotetag6">(return)</a>
+
+<p>Cibber tells us that the expenses of each play were &pound;50.
+and the players were allowed the same sum. The King likewise gave
+the managers &pound;200. more, for all the performances. For the
+last play, the actors received &pound;100. One of the plays acted
+here was Shakspeare's Henry VIII&mdash;thus making the palace the
+scene of Wolseys downfall, as it had been of his splendour.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote7" name=
+"footnote7"></a><b>Footnote 7:</b> <a href=
+"#footnotetag7">(return)</a>
+
+<p>For an Engraving of the <i>Maze</i>, see MIRROR, vol. vi. page
+105.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote8" name=
+"footnote8"></a><b>Footnote 8:</b> <a href=
+"#footnotetag8">(return)</a>
+
+<p>History of Whalley.</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement,
+and Instruction, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 385 ***
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and
+Instruction, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction
+       Volume 14, No. 385, Saturday, August 15, 1829.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: March 5, 2004 [EBook #11455]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 385 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Nicolas Hayes and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team.
+
+
+
+
+
+THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.
+
+VOL. XIV, NO. 385.] SATURDAY, AUGUST 15, 1829. [PRICE 2d.
+
+
+
+
+HAMPTON COURT.
+
+
+[Illustration: Hampton Court]
+
+
+Here is a bird's-eye view of a royal palace and domain "cut out in
+little stars." It is copied from one of Kipp's Views in Great Britain
+in the time of Queen Anne, and affords a correct idea of Hampton Court
+in all its olden splendour.
+
+The palace is situated on the north bank of the Thames, two miles west
+from Kingston. It was magnificently built by Cardinal Wolsey. After he
+became possessed of the lease of the manor of Hampton, "he bestowed,"
+says Stow, "great cost of building upon it, converting the
+mansion-house into so stately a palace, that it is said to have
+excited much envy; to avoid which, in the year 1526, he gave it to the
+king, who in recompense thereof licensed him to lie in his manor of
+Richmond at his pleasure; and so he lay there at certain times;" but
+it appears that Wolsey after this occasionally inhabited the palace
+(perhaps as keeper;) for in 1527, when some French ambassadors were
+in England, the king sent them to be entertained by the Cardinal at
+Hampton Court. The preparations for this purpose are detailed in a
+MS. copy of Cavendish's _Life of Wolsey_, in the British Museum, and
+afford the reader some idea of the magnificent taste of the prelate in
+matters of state and show. The Cardinal was commanded to receive the
+ambassadors with surpassing splendour; then "my Lord Cardinal sent
+me (Mr. Cavendish) being his gentleman usher, with two other of my
+fellows thither, to foresee all things touching our rooms to be nobly
+garnished"--"accordingly our pains were not small nor light, but daily
+travelling up and down from chamber to chamber; then wrought the
+carpenters, joiners, masons, and all other artificers necessary to be
+had to glorify this noble feast." He tells us of "expert cookes, and
+connyng persons in the art of cookerie; the cookes wrought both day
+and night with suttleties and many crafty devices, where lacked
+neither gold, silver, nor other costly things meet for their
+purpose"--"280 beds furnished with all manner of furniture to
+them, too long particularly to be rehearsed, but all wise men do
+sufficiently know what belongeth to the furniture thereof, and that is
+sufficient at this time to be said." Wolsey's arrival during the feast
+is described quaintly enough: "Before the second course my lord came
+in booted and spurred, all sodainely amongst them _proface_;[1] at
+whose coming there was great joy, with rising every man from his
+place, whom my lord caused to sit still, and keep their roomes, and
+being in his apparel as he rode, called for a chayre and sat down in
+the middest of the high paradise, laughing and being as merry as ever
+I saw him in all my lyff." The whole party drank long and strong, some
+of the Frenchmen were led off to bed, and in the chambers of all was
+placed abundance of "wine and beere."
+
+Henry VIII. added considerably to Wolsey's building, and in the latter
+part of his reign, it became one of his principal residences. Among
+the events connected with the palace are the following:--
+
+Edward VI. was born at Hampton Court, October 12, 1537, and his
+mother, Queen Jane Seymour, died there on the 14th of the same
+month.[2] Her corpse was conveyed to Windsor by water, where she was
+buried, November 12. Catharine Howard was openly showed as Queen, at
+Hampton Court, August 8, 1540. Catharine Parr was married to the King
+at this palace, and proclaimed Queen, July 12, 1543. In 1558, Mary and
+Philip kept Christmas here with great solemnity, when the large hall
+was illuminated with 1,000 lamps. Queen Elizabeth frequently resided,
+and gave many superb entertainments here, in her reign. In 1603-4, the
+celebrated conference between Presbyterians and the Established Church
+was held here before James I. as moderator, in a withdrawing-room
+within the privy-chamber, on the subject of Conformity. All the Lords
+of the Council were present, and the conference lasted three days; a
+new translation of the Bible was ordered, and some alterations were
+made in the Liturgy.[3]
+
+Charles I. retired to Hampton Court on account of the plague, in 1625,
+when a proclamation prohibited all communication between London,
+Southwark, or Lambeth, and this place.[4] Charles was brought here
+by the army, August 24, 1647, and lived in a state of splendid
+imprisonment, being allowed to keep up the state and retinue of a
+court, till November 11, following, when he made his escape[5] to the
+Isle of Wight.
+
+In 1651, the Honour and Palace of Hampton were sold to creditors of
+the state; but previously to 1657 it came into the possession of
+Cromwell, who made it one of his chief residences. Elizabeth, his
+daughter, was here publicly married to the Lord Falconberg; and the
+Protector's favourite child, Mrs. Claypoole, died here, and was
+conveyed with great pomp to Westminster Abbey.
+
+The palace was occasionally inhabited by Charles II. and James II.
+King William resided much at Hampton Court; he pulled down great part
+of the old palace, which then consisted of five quadrangles, and
+employed Sir Christopher Wren to build on its site the Fountain Court,
+or State Apartments. In July, 1689, the Duke of Gloucester, son of the
+Princess, afterwards Queen Anne, was born here. The Queen sojourned
+at Hampton occasionally, as did her successors George I. and II.; but
+George III. never resided here. When his late serene highness William
+the Fifth, Stadtholder of the United Provinces, was condemned to quit
+his country by the French, this palace was appropriated to his use;
+and he resided here several years. The principal domestic apartments
+of Hampton Court are now occupied by different private families, who
+have grants for life from the crown.
+
+The palace consists of three grand quadrangles: the western
+quadrangle, or entrance court is 167 feet 2 inches, north to south,
+and 141 feet 7 inches, east to west. This leads to the second, or
+middle quadrangle, 133 feet 6 inches, north to south, and 91 feet 10
+inches, east to west; this is usually called the Clock Court, from a
+curious astronomical clock by Tompion, over the gateway of the eastern
+side; on the southern side is a colonnade of Ionic pillars by Wren. On
+the north is the great hall: as this is not mentioned by Cavendish,
+probably it was part of Henry's building. It certainly was not
+finished till 1536 or 1537, as appears from initials of the King and
+Jane Seymour, joined in a true lover's knot, amongst the decorations;
+this hall is 106 feet long, and 40 broad. Queen Caroline had a theatre
+erected here, in which it was intended that two plays should be
+acted weekly during the stay of the Court; but only seven plays were
+performed in it by the Drury Lane company,[6] and one afterwards
+before the
+
+
+    [1] An obsolete French term of salutation, abridged from _Bon prou
+    vous_, i.e. much good may it do you.
+
+    [2] Stow's Annals.
+
+    [3] Fuller's Church History.
+
+    [4] Rymer's Foedera.
+
+    [5] Clarendon's History of the Rebellion.
+
+    [6] Cibber tells us that the expenses of each play were L50. and
+    the players were allowed the same sum. The King likewise gave the
+    managers L200. more, for all the performances. For the last
+    play, the actors received L100. One of the plays acted here was
+    Shakspeare's Henry VIII--thus making the palace the scene of
+    Wolseys downfall, as it had been of his splendour.
+
+
+Duke of Lorraine, afterwards Emperor of Germany. The theatrical
+appurtenances were not, however, removed till the year 1798. Adjoining
+the hall is the Board of Green Cloth Room, of nearly the same date,
+and hung with fine tapestry.
+
+The eastern quadrangle, or Fountain Court, erected by Sir Christopher
+Wren for King William, in 1690, is 100 feet by 177 feet 3 inches. Here
+is the King's Gallery, 117 feet by 23 feet 6 inches, which was fitted
+up for the Cartoons of Raphael. On the eastern side of the court is
+a room in which George I. and George II. frequently dined in public.
+North-west of the Fountain Court stands the chapel, which forms the
+southern side of the quadrangle; this was partly built by Wolsey, and
+was finished by Henry VIII. in 1536, or 1537. The windows were of
+beautifully stained glass, and the walls decorated with paintings, but
+these embellishments were demolished in the troublous times of 1745.
+The chapel was, however, restored by Queen Anne; the floor is of black
+and white marble, the pews are of Norway oak, and there is some fine
+carving by Gibbons; the roof is plain Gothic with pendent ornaments.
+
+It is hardly possible for us, within the limits of our columns to do
+justice to the magnificence of Hampton Court. The grand facade towards
+the garden extends 330 feet, and that towards the Thames 328 feet. The
+portico and colonnade, of duplicated pillars of the Ionic order, at
+the grand entrance, and indeed, the general design of the elevations,
+are in splendid style. On the south side of the palace is the privy
+garden, which was sunk ten feet, to open a view from the apartments to
+the Thames. On the northern side is a tennis court, and beyond that a
+gate which leads into the wilderness or _Maze_.[7] Further on is the
+great gate of the gardens.
+
+The gardens, which comprise about 44 acres, were originally laid out
+by London and Wise. George III. gave the celebrated Brown permission
+to make whatever improvements his fine taste might suggest; but he
+declared his opinion that they appeared to the best advantage in their
+original state, and they accordingly remain so to this day. The extent
+of the kitchen gardens is about 12 acres. In the privy garden is a
+grape house 70 feet in length, and 14 in breadth; the interior being
+wholly occupied by one vine of the black Hamburgh kind, which was
+planted in the year 1769, and has in a single year, produced 2,200
+bunches of grapes, weighing, on an average, one pound each.
+
+The grotesque forms of the gardens, and the mathematical taste in
+which they are disposed, are advantageously seen in a bird's-eye view
+as in the Engraving, which represents the tortuous beauty of the
+parterres, and the pools, fountains, and statues with characteristic
+accuracy. The formal avenues, radiating as it were, from the gardens
+or centre, are likewise distinctly shown, as is also the canal formed
+by Wolsey through the middle avenue. The intervening space, then a
+parklike waste, is now planted with trees, and stretches away to the
+village of Thames Ditton; and is bounded on the south by the Thames,
+and on the north by the high road to Kingston.
+
+The palace is open to the public, and besides its splendid apartments,
+and numerous buildings, there is a valuable collection of pictures,
+which are too celebrated to need enumeration. A curious change has
+taken place in the occupancy of some apartments--many rooms originally
+intended for domestic offices being now tenanted by gentry. The
+whole is a vast assemblage of art, and reminds us of the palace of
+Versailles, which is about the same distance from Paris as Hampton
+Court from London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+GREECE.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+  Alas! for fair Greece, how her glories are failed,
+  Her altars are broken, her trophies are gone,
+  The Crescent her temples and shrines hath invaded,
+  And Freedom hath bow'd to the Mussulman throne.
+
+  Fair Liberty say! shall the land of Achilles
+  Reluctantly cherish a dastardly slave,
+  Who can crouch at the foot of a despot, whose will is
+  As fickle as wind, and as rude as the wave?
+  Shall the ashes of heroes enshrouded in glory,
+  Be spurn'd in contempt by a barbarous horde,
+  While their sons idly tremble like boys at a story,
+  And shudder to gaze on the point of a sword?
+
+  Shall Greece, still as lovely as maiden in sorrow,
+  By Freedom's bright ray ne'er be beam'd on again?
+  Shall the sun of Engia ne'er rise on the morrow
+  That lightens her thraldom or loosens her chain?
+  Oh say, shall the proud eye of scorn fall unheeded,
+  The hand, taunting, point to "the land of the brave,"
+  And say that Achaia's fair daughters e'er needed
+  An arm to protect them--a hero to save.
+
+  Rise! courage alone your base station can alter,
+  Let Beauty, let Liberty, spirit you on,
+  And while fetters and stripes are their portion who falter,
+  Remember that Freedom's the stake to be won.
+
+
+J.O.B.
+
+    [7] For an Engraving of the _Maze_, see MIRROR, vol. vi. page 105.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ESCAPE OF CHARLES II.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+In No. 376, of the MIRROR, is a communication from _W.W._ respecting
+the pension granted by Charles II. to the Pendrils, for aiding him in
+his escape, after the fatal battle of Worcester. There was another
+family who enjoyed a pension from the same monarch, named Tattersall,
+one of whom conveyed Charles from Brighton in his open fishing-boat.
+A descendant is now living at that place, but the family, through
+ignorance and neglect, have ceased to enjoy the grant.
+
+The house in which the king rested at Brighton, is now an inn, in West
+Street, called the King's Head, and is kept by a Mr. Eales.
+
+H. BERGER.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+LINES WRITTEN IN A LADY'S ALBUM.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+  The star is set that lighted me
+  Thro' Fancy's wide domain,
+  And the fairy paths of poesy,
+  I now may seek in vain.
+
+  'Tis but when Sorrow's clouds appear,
+  In frowning darkness o'er me,
+  The light of Song bursts forth to cheer
+  The gloomy path before me.
+
+  As o'er the dusky waves at night,
+  Oft Mariners behold
+  That ocean-form, St. Ermo's light,
+  When tempests are foretold.
+
+  Two reasons in my mind arise.
+  Why Song is _now_ denied me;--
+  No light can venture near thine eyes,
+  Nor Grief--when thou'rt beside me!
+
+E.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MINSTREL BALLAD.
+
+WRITTEN ON A FLYLEAF OF A VOLUME OF ONE OF THE "WAVERLEY NOVELS."
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+  Waken, lords and ladies gay,
+  On the mountain dawns the day,
+  All the jolly chase is here,
+  With hawk and horse, and hunting spear;
+  Hounds are in their couples yelling,
+  Hawks are whistling, horns are knelling,
+  Merrily, merrily, mingle they,
+  "Waken, lords and ladies gay."
+
+  Waken, lords and ladies gay,
+  The mist has left the mountain grey,
+  Springlets in the dawn are streaming,
+  Diamonds on the brake are gleaming,
+  And foresters have busy been,
+  To track the buck in thicket green;
+  Now we come to chant our lay,
+  "Waken, lords and ladies gay."
+
+  Waken, lords and ladies gay,
+  To the green wood haste away,
+  We can show you where he lies,
+  Fleet of foot, and tall of size;
+  We can show the marks he made
+  When 'gainst the oak his antlers frayed;
+  You shall see him brought to bay.
+  "Waken, lords and ladies gay."
+
+  Louder, louder, chant the lay,
+  Waken, lords and ladies say,
+  Tell them youth, and mirth and glee,
+  Run a course as well as we,
+  Time, stern huntsman! who can balk,
+  Stanch as hound, and fleet as hawk?
+  Think of this, without delay,
+  Gentle lords and ladies gay.
+
+C.C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE SKETCH-BOOK
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+PHYSIOGNOMY OF HOUSES.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+Houses undoubtedly present to the eye of fancy, an appearance
+analogous to physiognomical expression in men. The remark has been
+made by more acute observers than myself.
+
+Look at that beetle-browed, solemn looking mansion with a ponderous
+hat-roof--I mean of slates, garnished with bay windows--observe its
+heavy jaws of areas, its hard, close mouth of a door; its dark, deep
+sunken eyes of windows peering out from the heavy brow of dark stone
+coping that supports the slate hat in question: what a contrast to
+the spruce mock gentility of its neighbour, with a stand-up collar of
+white steps, a varnished face, and a light, jaunty, yet stiff air,
+like a city apprentice in his best clothes.
+
+See the cap on the temple of that Chinese Mandarin, poking above yon
+clump of firs, with its bell furniture; he seems pondering on the
+aphorisms of Confucius, regardless of that booby faced conservatory,
+whose bald, rounded pate glitters in the sun. Ah! what have we here; a
+spruce masquerader in yellow straw hat, trying to look rural with as
+much success as a reed thatched summer house. Stand in this quiet nook
+a few hours, and give us the shadow of your mushroom covering.
+
+There is a poor, forlorn wretch with his rags fluttering about him
+like a beggar--give him a penny--he must be in distress--look at
+his shattered face and dilapidated form; shored up upon crutches,
+tottering on the brink of the sewers--shores I mean--of eternity;
+behold his crushed and crownless hat--his hollow eyes--his rheumy
+visage--look at that petition penned on his breast. Poh! 'tis a
+surveyor's notice to pull down. But, then, look at that plurality
+parson with rotund prominence of portico, and red brick cheeks of vast
+extent, and that high, steeple-crowned hat--look at the smug, mean,
+insignificant dwarf of a meeting-house, sinking up to its knees in a
+narrow lane, and looking as blank as a wall, with a trap-door of a
+mouth, and a grating cast of eye. How yonder bridegroom, just cemented
+in an alliance that will not last out his lease of life, "spick and
+span new," all eyes, and a double row of buttons ornamenting his
+latticed waistcoat, looks at his adored opposite, who holds her
+Venetian parasol--sun shade--before her face, glowing like a red brick
+wall in the sun. Ah! his regards are attracted by a modest little
+nymph of the grove, seated snugly in a sylvan recess, her pretty white
+cheeks peeping out beneath the tresses of honeysuckle and woodbine
+that veil her beauty. Well, _railing_ is in this case allowable, for
+see that brazen front of maiden sixty, guiltless of curls, with a huge
+structure of bonnet cocked straight at the top of her head, like the
+roof of a market-house, and her broad, square skirts of faded green,
+deformed by formal knots of yew and holly. Look with what a blushless
+face of triumph she eyes her poor tottering neighbour opposite, who
+never appears destined "to suffer a recovery." Oh, 'tis remorseless!
+But look down that vista of charity children in slate coloured Quaker
+bonnets, stuck one against the other in drab, like pins in a paper,
+but not so bright; are they going to stand there for ever, with their
+governess at their head, looking as smug and fubsy as the squat house
+at the end? Why 'tis--street!--Look at the pump at the other end, that
+might pass for an abridgment of a parish clerk--and see, there comes
+stalking across the Green the parish beadle, with a great white
+placard in his hat--you might well mistake him for Alderman ----'s
+monument in red brick with the marble tablet on the top of it. Ah! my
+pretty rustic--why your straw hat and brown stuff frock, with white
+bib, and that gay flowered apron, with the sprig of jessamine stuck
+at your side--you look so homely and comely beneath the shade of that
+tall oak, that I could fancy you were only the shepherd's cottage
+at the corner of the grange. Bless me--here's a modern antique,
+masquerading in the country!--why a village belle of queen Bess' days,
+looking as new and as fresh as the young 'squire's lodge, fresh out
+of the hands of his fancy architect. More mummery! why this gentleman
+looks as fine and as foolish in his affectation of rugged points and
+quaint angles, as a staring, white-washed, Gothic villa with the paint
+not yet dry. Oh! there is certainly no denying that thou art the
+primest of Quakers, Mr. Chapel, one that will not countenance a
+_belle_, but lookest right onward in smooth and demure solidity, with
+that strip of white path in front of thy brown gravel waistcoat, and
+the ample skirts of thy road-coloured surtout; not so your neighbour
+Sturdy, him with his chimney like an ink bottle, upright in his
+button hole, and his pen-like poplar in his hand; he is equally
+uncompromising, but looks with an eye of stern regard upon that gay
+sprig of myrtle with his roof of a hat, jauntily clapped on one side,
+and a towering charming feather, streaming like smoke in the breeze.
+But whither have my vagaries led me--here I am once more in the
+dullest of dull country towns, over which strides the gouty old dean,
+like a Gothic arch across a cathedral city; and see how the wealthy
+innkeeper dangles his broad medal (sign of his having been in the
+yeomanry) that swings to the wind like the banner of his troop--how
+contemptuously he eyes that solid looking overseer, the workhouse,
+with his right and lefthand men the executioners of the law--Stocks
+and Cage--oh! turn away--there is that villanous cross barred gripe
+the Jail--enough, enough, indeed.
+
+LAVATERIELLO.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+MANNERS & CUSTOMS OF ALL NATIONS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+CURIOUS CEREMONY OF DRIVING DEER THROUGH THE WATER (FORMERLY
+PRACTISED) IN LYME PARK, CHESHIRE.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+Ormerod, in his splendid _History of Cheshire_, says, "The park of
+Lyme, which is very extensive, is celebrated for the fine flavour of
+its venison, and contains a herd of wild cattle, the remains of a
+breed which has been kept here from time immemorial, and is supposed
+indigenous. In the last century a custom was observed here of driving
+the deer round the park about Midsummer, or rather earlier, collecting
+them in a body before the house, and then swimming them through a pool
+of water, with which the exhibition terminated." There is a large
+print of it by Vivares, after a painting by T. Smith, representing
+Lyme Park during the performance of the annual ceremony, with the
+great Vale of Cheshire and Lancashire, as far as the Rivington Hills
+in the distance, and in the foreground the great body of the deer
+passing through the pool, the last just entering it, and the old stags
+emerging on the opposite bank, two of which are contending with their
+fore-feet, the horns at that season being too tender to combat with.
+This "art of driving the deer" like a herd of ordinary cattle, is
+stated on a monument, at Disley, to have been first perfected by
+Joseph Watson, who died in 1753, at the age of 104, "having been
+park-keeper at Lyme more than sixty-four years." The custom, however,
+appears not to have been peculiar to Lyme, as Dr. Whitaker describes,
+in his _Account of Townley_, (the seat of a collateral line of Legh,)
+"near the summit of the park, and where it declines to the south, the
+remains of a large pool, through which tradition reports that the deer
+were driven by their keepers in the manner still practised in the park
+at Lyme."[8]
+
+Lyme Park is situated near the road from Manchester to London, through
+Buxton, adjacent to the picturesque village of Disley.
+
+Lyme Hall is the seat of the principal of the ancient family of Leghs.
+Perkins _a Legh_, a Norman, who was buried in Macclesfield Church,
+rendered considerable services in the battle of Cressy, for which he
+was presented with the estate and lordship of Lyme. The building is,
+in part, of the date of Elizabeth; and the other a regular structure,
+from a design of Leoni.
+
+P.T.W.
+
+    [8] History of Whalley.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+STANNARY PARLIAMENT.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+In the Forest of Dartmoor, Devonshire, between Tavistock and Chegford,
+is a high hill, called Crocken Tor, where the tinners of this county
+are obliged by their charter to assemble their parliaments, or the
+jurats who are commonly gentlemen within the jurisdiction, chosen
+from the four stannary courts of coinage in this county, of which the
+lord-warden is judge. The jurats being met to the number sometimes of
+two or three hundred, in this desolate place, are quite exposed to the
+weather and have no other place to sit upon but a moor-stone bench,
+and no refreshments but what they bring with them; for this reason the
+steward immediately adjourns the court to Tavistock, or some other
+stannary town.
+
+HALBERT H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+DOWRUCK.
+
+
+In different parts of the North of England it is customary for the
+labouring men to come before their masters at the close of their
+_dowruck_ (day's work,) and inform him of their labours; the number of
+hours their work took them are cut in notches upon an ash stick, and
+at the end of the week when the men are paid, the stick is produced,
+which immediately shows what each man is entitled to.
+
+W.H.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FAITOUR LANE,
+
+
+Or as it is now called, Fetter Lane, is a term used by Chaucer, for an
+idle fellow. The propriety of its denomination is indisputable.
+
+W.H.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ROBIN HOOD.
+
+
+At Brough Sowerby, in Westmoreland, is an ale-house bearing the sign
+of Robin Hood, with the following lines beneath it:--
+
+
+  "Good frinds, good frinds, my ale is good.
+  It is the sign of Robin Hood,
+  If Robin Hood be not at hoame,
+  Step in and drink with Littel Johne."
+
+W.H.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+JACK OF HILTON, THE BRAZEN IMAGE, ALIAS AN AEOLIPILE.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+Dr. Plot, in his _History of Staffordshire_, says, "The following
+service is due from the Lord of Essington, in Staffordshire, to the
+Lord of Hilton, about a mile distant, viz. that the Lord of the Manor
+of Essington, shall bring a goose every New year's day, and drive it
+round the fire in the hall at Hilton, at least three times, whilst
+_Jack of Hilton_ is blowing the fire. Now Jack of Hilton is a little
+hollow image of brass, of about twelve inches high, kneeling upon his
+left knee, and holding his right hand upon his head, having a little
+hole in the place of the mouth, about the bigness of a great pin's
+head, and another in the back about two-thirds of an inch diameter, at
+which last hole it is filled with water, it holding about four pints
+and a quarter, which when set to a strong fire, evaporates after the
+same manner as in an _Aeolipile_, and vents itself at the smaller hole
+at the mouth in a constant blast, blowing the fire so strongly that it
+is very audible, and makes a sensible impression on that part of the
+fire where the blast lights, as I found by experience, May 26, 1680.
+After the Lord of Essington, or his deputy, or bayliffe, has driven
+the goose round the fire (at least three times) whilst this image
+blows it, he carries it into the kitchen of Hilton Hall, and delivers
+it to the cook, who having dressed it, the Lord of Essington, or his
+bayliffe, by way of further service, brings it to the table of the
+Lord paramount of Hilton and Essington, and receives a dish of meat
+from the said Lord of Hilton's table, for his own mess."
+
+The Aeolipile, in hydraulics, is an instrument consisting of a hollow
+metallic ball, with a slender neck or pipe, arising from it. This
+being filled with water, and thus exposed to the fire, produces a
+vehement blast of wind.
+
+This instrument, Des Cartes and others, have made use of, to account
+for the natural cause and generation of wind; and hence its name,
+Aeolipile, _pila Aeoli_, Aeolus's ball.
+
+In Italy it is said that the Aeolipile is commonly made use of to cure
+smoky chimneys; for being hung over the fire, the blast arising from
+it carries up the loitering smoke along with it. This instrument was
+known to the ancients, and is mentioned by Vitruvius.
+
+Some late authors have discovered the extraordinary use to which the
+frauds of the heathen priesthood applied the Aeolipile, viz. the
+working of sham miracles. Besides _Jack of Hilton_, which had been
+an ancient Saxon, image, or idol, Mr. Weber shows, that _Pluster_, a
+celebrated German idol, is also of the Aeolipile kind, and in virtue
+thereof, could do noble feats: being filled with a fluid, and then
+set on the fire, it would be covered with sweat, and as the heat
+increased, would at length burst out into flames.
+
+An Aeolipile of great antiquity, made of brass, was some years since
+dug up on the site of the Basingstoke Canal, and presented to the
+Antiquarian Society of London. Instead of being globular, with a bent
+tube, it is in the form of a grotesque human figure, and the blast
+proceeds from its mouth.
+
+P.T.W.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ORIGIN OF WEARING THE VEIL.
+
+(_For The Mirror_.)
+
+
+The origin of the veil is referred by the Greeks to modesty and
+bashfulness.
+
+About thirty furlongs from the city of Sparta, Icarius placed a
+statue of MODESTY, for the purpose of perpetuating the following
+incident:--Icarius having married his daughter to Ulysses, solicited
+his son-in-law to fix his household in Sparta, and remain there with
+his wife, to which Ulysses would not consent.
+
+Icarius made the request to his daughter, conjuring her not to abandon
+him, but seeing her ready to depart with Ulysses, for Ithaca, he
+redoubled his efforts to detain her, nor could he be prevailed on to
+desist from following the chariot on the way.
+
+Ulysses wearied with the importunities of Icarius, said to his wife,
+"_You_ can best answer this request; it is yours to determine whether
+you will remain with your father at Sparta, or depart with your
+husband for Ithaca; you are mistress of the decision."
+
+The beautiful Penelope finding herself in this dilemma, blushed, and
+without making the least reply, drew her veil over her face, thereby
+intimating a denial to her father's request, and sunk into the arms of
+her husband.
+
+Icarius, very sensibly affected by this behaviour, and being desirous
+of transmitting it to posterity by the most durable monument,
+consecrated a statue to Modesty, on the very spot where Penelope had
+thrown the veil over her face; that after her it might be a universal
+symbol of delicacy among the fair sex.
+
+C.K.W.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The manners of the Welsh must have been even less delicate than those
+of the Anglo-Saxons; for they thought it necessary to make a law,
+"that none of the courtiers should give the queen a blow, or snatch
+any thing with violence from her, under the penalty of incurring her
+majesty's displeasure."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FUNERAL OF A BURMESE PRIEST.
+
+
+The funeral pile, in this case, is a car on wheels; and the body is
+blown away, from a huge wooden cannon or mortar, with the purpose, I
+believe, of conveying the soul more rapidly to heaven! Immense crowds
+are collected on occasions of these funerals, which, far from being
+conducted with mourning or solemnity, are occasions of rude mirth and
+boisterous rejoicing. Ropes are attached to each extremity of the car,
+and pulled in opposite directions by adverse parties; one of these
+being for consuming the body, the other for opposing it. The
+latter are at length overcome, fire is set to the pile amidst loud
+acclamations, and the ceremony is consummated.--_Crawford's Embassy to
+Ava_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PLAN FOR A NEW CITY.
+
+
+[Illustration: Plan For A New City]
+
+(_To the Editor of The Mirror_.)
+
+
+The various ages, interests, and tastes which govern the progressive
+growth of cities, seem to be irremediable causes of the irregularity
+and inconvenience of their final formations or plans--and until this
+illustrious age of magnanimous projects and improvements, it would
+have been thought ridiculous to offer any radical expedient for a
+general improvement in the plans of cities; but _now_ that we see
+_new_ cities growing round the metropolis, and new towns planned for
+the distant dominions of Great Britain, it seems to be a convenient
+season for explaining my notions respecting the general plan of a
+city, with regard _only to the directions of the streets_, which after
+the repeated consideration of fifty years, I have concluded may, and
+ought to be, all straight streets, from _every extremity_, to the
+opposite, whatever be the form of the _outermost_ boundary of the city
+or town.--These _conclusions_ would most probably have passed off in
+silence, but for an accidental fancy arising in my mind, on reading
+lately in the Psalms, "_Jerusalem is a city that is in unity with
+itself_." This text awakened my dormant ideas on the proper formation
+of streets, and anticipating the reunion of the Jews, I began the
+accompanying sketch for a "_Holy City_," or "_a New Jerusalem_," which
+accounts for the twelve gates according with the original number of
+the tribes of Israel, and the ten streets which diverge from each gate
+are symbolic of the Ten Commandments, wherein they were commanded to
+walk; the twelve circular areas I thought to be properly dedicated to
+the Twelve Apostles of Christianity, under the idea that when the
+Jews are again called together it will be under the new covenant of
+Christianity, so that nothing could (in that case) be more appropriate
+than placing the original propagators of it where so many paths led
+towards them--and after fixing the place of public worship in the
+centre, my orthodoxy ceased to affect my scheme, for want of that
+technical knowledge which further detail would require--and having
+accomplished my favourite determination of planning a town without
+winding streets or crooked lanes. I offer it to the MIRROR as an
+amusing novelty for the entertainment of its numerous readers. I think
+it would be not inappropriate to call it the Royal City of _Victoria_.
+
+CHARLES MATTER.
+
+(To the ingenious designer of the annexed sketch, we are likewise
+indebted for the Plan for a Maze, in our Vol. vii. page 233. Mr. H.
+very pertinently observes to us "imagine what would have been said of
+this plan for a city, had Belzoni or Buckingham found exactly such a
+one in Assyria or Egypt,--of antique date?")
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE SELECTOR; AND LITERARY NOTICES OF NEW WORKS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+NEW EDITION OF THE WAVERLEY NOVELS.
+
+
+It is rather late in the day to speak of what is technically termed
+the "getting-up" of this elegant edition of the most popular works of
+our time. There are now three volumes published--_Waverley_, in two
+vols. and one vol. or half of _Guy Mannering_. Each of the
+former contains upwards of 400 pages, and the latter nearly that
+number--beautifully printed in what we call a very inviting type, on
+excellent paper, of rich colour, and not too garish for the eye of
+the reader. The engravings to _Waverley_ are by Graves, C. Rolls,
+and Raddon, after E.P. and J. Stephanoff, Newton, and Landseer--a
+frontispiece and plate title page and vignette to each volume. To our
+taste the vignettes are exquisite--one by Landseer, _David Gellatley,
+with Ban and Buscar_, is extremely beautiful. The illustrations to the
+volume of _Guy Mannering_ are by Duncan, and C.G. Cooke, after Leslie
+and Kidd. The volumes are in substantial canvass binding. Their low
+price, a crown a-piece, is the marvel of bookselling, for were they
+only reprints without copyright, they would be unprecedentedly cheap.
+The whole series will extend to forty volumes, to be published in
+three years, and will cost ten pounds. Fifteen-pence a week for the
+above term will thus provide a family with one of the most elegant
+drawing-room libraries that can be desired. They will about occupy
+three _cheffonier_ shelves;--or what delightful volumes for fire-side
+shelves, or a "little book-room," or a breakfast parlour opening on
+a carpet of lawn--or to read by the hour, with a golden-haired
+lady-friend, and chat awhile, and then turn to the most attractive
+scenes in the novel, while we ourselves are perhaps enacting the hero
+in a romance of real life. Few novels admit of a second reading;
+but the _Waverley_ series will never lose their attraction--and to
+remember when and where, and with whom you first read each of them,
+may perhaps revive many pleasantries.
+
+Of the literary Notes and emendations of the present edition, we have
+already expressed our opinion by the selection of several of them for
+the pages of the MIRROR; and in the progress of the publication, we
+shall endeavour to award similar justice to each of the works.
+
+In the _Athenaeum_, of August 5, the presumed profit on the whole
+edition is estimated at L100,000.! The calculation of the sale of
+12,000 of each work is a reasonable one, and splendid as, in that
+case, the reward will be, the reading-public will be the gainers.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE FAMILY LIBRARY.
+
+_HISTORY OF THE JEWS._
+
+
+We scarcely know how to do justice to the high character of the series
+of volumes now publishing under this denomination. In printing and
+embellishment they take the lead of the Periodical Works of our day,
+(and some of these are extremely beautiful,) while their literary
+worth is even of superior order. Although they are matter-of-fact
+works--as in history and biography--they are not mere compilations of
+dry details and uninteresting lives; but they are so interspersed with
+new views, and the facts are so often re-written, that the whole have
+the appearance of original works. Excellent principles, and economy of
+cost are, likewise, two important points of their recommendations; for
+many works which have already appeared on the same subjects, have
+been deformed by party spirit, and written to serve a sect, or are
+so expensive as to be purchaseable only by the wealthy ranks, and
+scarcely accessible by the middle classes of society; whereas the
+Family Library is published at a rate within the reach of two-thirds
+of the reading public, who may therefore possess what they read,
+and appreciate the value of these volumes as works of reference and
+authority.
+
+The division of the series which has called forth this notice, is No.
+5, or the first volume of the _History of the Jews_, to be completed
+in three volumes, by the Rev. H.H. Milman, Professor of Poetry at
+Oxford, and the author of the splendid poem--The Fall of Jerusalem;
+and judging by the portion before us, this work will form one of the
+most attractive in the whole series. In proof of this it would be easy
+to select many passages which are beautifully picturesque; a few,
+however, will suffice:
+
+"The Jews, without reference to their religious belief, are among
+the most remarkable people in the annals of mankind. Sprung from one
+stock, they pass the infancy of their nation in a state of servitude
+in a foreign country, where, nevertheless, they increase so rapidly,
+as to appear on a sudden the fierce and irresistible conquerors of
+their native valleys in Palestine. There they settle down under a form
+of government and code of laws totally unlike those of any other rude
+or civilized community. They sustain a long and doubtful conflict,
+sometimes enslaved, sometimes victorious, with the neighbouring
+tribes. At length, united under one monarchy, they gradually rise to
+the rank of a powerful, opulent, and commercial people. Subsequently
+weakened by internal discord, they are overwhelmed by the vast
+monarchies which arose on the banks of the Euphrates, and transplanted
+into a foreign region. They are partially restored, by the generosity
+or policy of the Eastern sovereigns, to their native land. They are
+engaged in wars of the most romantic gallantry, in assertion of their
+independence, against the Syro-Grecian successors of Alexander. Under
+Herod, they rise to a second era of splendour, as a dependent kingdom
+of Rome: finally, they make the last desperate resistance to the
+universal dominion of the Caesars. Scattered from that period over
+the face of the earth--hated, scorned, and oppressed, they subsist,
+a numerous and often a thriving people; and in all the changes of
+manners and opinions retain their ancient institutions, their national
+character, and their indelible hope of restoration to grandeur and
+happiness in their native land. Thus the history of this, perhaps
+the only unmingled race, which can boast of high antiquity, leads us
+through every gradation of society and brings us into contact with
+almost every nation which commands our interest in the ancient world;
+the migratory pastoral population of Asia; Egypt, the mysterious
+parent of arts, science, and legislation; the Arabian Desert; the
+Hebrew theocracy under the form of a federative agricultural republic,
+their kingdom powerful in war and splendid in peace; Babylon, in its
+magnificence and downfall; Grecian arts and luxury endeavouring to
+force an unnatural refinement within the pale of the rigid Mosaic
+institutions; Roman arms waging an exterminating war with the
+independence even of the smallest states; it descends, at length, to
+all the changes in the social state of the modern European and Asiatic
+nations."
+
+At page 32, there is an interesting picture of the state of society in
+Patriarchal times--the whole of the life of Moses is extremely well
+written--the description of the Plague is indeed terrific--and the
+death and character of the Prophet drawn with a masterly and vigorous
+hand. The reigns of David and Solomon, as might be expected, are
+magnificently told. Among the picturesque sketches none exceed the--
+
+DESCRIPTION OF PALESTINE.
+
+"It is almost impossible to calculate with accuracy the area of a
+country, the frontier of which is irregular on every side. Lowman has
+given three different estimates of the extent of territory occupied
+by the twelve tribes, the mean between the two extremes approaches
+probably the nearest to the truth. According to this computation, the
+Jewish dominion, at the time of the Division, was 180 miles long, by
+130 wide, and contained 14,976,000 acres. This quantity of land
+will divide to 600,000 men, about 21-1/2 acres in property, with a
+remainder of 1,976,000 acres for the Levitical cities, the princes of
+tribes, the heads of families, and other public uses. Assuming this
+estate of 21-1/2 acres, assigned to each household, of course a
+larger proportion of pasture must have been given to those tribes who
+subsisted on their herds and flocks, than of arable to those who
+lived by tillage, the portions of the latter, therefore, must be
+considerably reduced. On the other hand, the extraordinary fertility
+of the whole country must be taken into the account. No part was
+waste; very little was occupied by unprofitable wood; the more fertile
+hills were cultivated in artificial terraces, others were hung with
+orchards of fruit trees; the more rocky and barren districts were
+covered with vineyards. Even in the present day, the wars and
+misgovernment of ages have not exhausted the natural richness of the
+soil. Galilee, says Malte Brun, would be a paradise were it inhabited
+by an industrious people, under an enlightened government. No land
+could be less dependent on foreign importation; it bore within itself
+every thing that could be necessary for the subsistence and comfort
+of a simple agricultural people. The climate was healthy, the seasons
+regular; the former rains, which fell about October, after the
+vintage, prepared the ground for the seed; the latter, which prevailed
+during March and the beginning of April, made it grow rapidly.
+Directly the rains ceased, the grain ripened with still greater
+rapidity, and was gathered in before the end of May. The summer months
+were dry and very hot, but the nights cool and refreshed by copious
+dews. In September, the vintage was gathered. Grain of all kinds,
+wheat, barley, millet, zea, and other sorts, grew in abundance; the
+wheat commonly yielded thirty for one. Besides the vine and the
+olive, the almond, the date, figs of many kinds, the orange, the
+pomegranates, and many other fruit-trees, flourished in the greatest
+luxuriance. Great quantity of honey was collected. The balm tree,
+which produced the opobalsamum, a great object of trade, was probably
+introduced from Arabia in the time of Solomon. It nourished about
+Jericho and in Gilead."
+
+This is but a portion of the sketch. The wealth and commerce of the
+country is thus told:
+
+"The only public revenue of the Hebrew commonwealth was that of the
+sacred treasury, the only public expenditure that of the religious
+worship. This was supported by a portion of the spoils taken in war;
+the first fruits, which in their institution were no more than could
+be carried in a basket, at a later period were rated to be one part in
+sixty; the redemption of the first born, and of whatever was vowed to
+the Lord. Almost every thing of the last class might be commuted for
+money according to a fixed scale. The different annual festivals were
+well calculated to promote internal commerce: maritime or foreign
+trade, is scarcely mentioned in the law, excepting in two obscure
+prophetic intimations of advantages, which the tribes of Dan and
+Zebulun were to derive from their maritime situation. On this subject
+the lawgiver could have learned nothing in Egypt. The commerce of that
+country was confined to the inland caravan trade. The Egyptians hated
+or dreaded the sea, which they considered either the dwelling of the
+evil principle, or the evil principle itself. At all events, the
+Hebrews at this period were either blind to the maritime advantages of
+their situation, or unable to profit by them. The ports were the last
+places they conquered. Sidon, if indeed within their boundary, never
+lost its independence; Tyre, if it existed, was a town too obscure to
+be named; Ecdippa and Acco remained in the power of the Canaanites;
+Joppa is not mentioned as a port till much later. The manufactures of
+the people supplied their own wants; they brought from Egypt the arts
+of weaving woollens and linens, stuffs made of fine goats' hair, and
+probably cotton; of dying in various colours, and bleaching, and of
+embroidering; of many kinds of carpenter's work; of building, some
+of the rules of which were regulated by law; of making earthenware
+vessels; of working in iron, brass, and the precious metals, both
+casting them and forming them with the tool; of gilding, engraving
+seals, and various other kinds of ornamental work, which were
+employed in the construction of the altars and sacred vessels of the
+Tabernacle."
+
+Among the illustrative passages we notice the following exquisite
+paragraph on the--
+
+HEBREW POETS.
+
+"THE three most eminent men in the Hebrew annals, Moses, David, and
+Solomon, were three of their most distinguished poets. The hymns of
+David excel no less in sublimity and tenderness of expression than in
+loftiness and purity of religious sentiment. In comparison with them
+the sacred poetry of all other nations sinks into mediocrity. They
+have embodied so exquisitely the universal language of religious
+emotion, that (a few fierce and vindictive passages excepted, natural
+in the warrior-poet of a sterner age,) they have entered with
+unquestioned propriety into the ritual of the holier and more perfect
+religion of Christ. The songs which cheered the solitude of the desert
+caves of Engedi, or resounded from the voice of the Hebrew people as
+they wound along the glens or the hill-sides of Judaea, have been
+repeated for ages in almost every part of the habitable world, in the
+remotest islands of the ocean, among the forests of America or the
+sands of Africa. How many human hearts have they softened, purified,
+exalted!--of how many wretched beings have they been the secret
+consolation!--on how many communities have they drawn down the
+blessings of Divine Providence, by bringing the affections into unison
+with their deep, devotional fervour."
+
+The present volume extends from the time of Abraham to the Babylonian
+Captivity. It is illustrated with three excellent maps, and a few wood
+cuts; but we are convinced that we need add nothing further of its
+contents to recommend the _History of the Jews_ to the attention of
+our readers; for it is one of the most splendid and fascinating works
+in our recollection.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+LIBRARY OF ENTERTAINING KNOWLEDGE.
+
+
+The Fourth Part of this well-arranged publication, is "_The Pursuit of
+Knowledge under difficulties illustrated by Anecdotes_." The matter
+is judiciously divided into chapters, as "Strength of the Passion for
+Knowledge--Humble Station no Obstacle--Obscure Origin--Artists rising
+from the lower to the higher classes--Late Learners--Early Age
+of Great Men--Self-educated Men--Literary Pursuits of
+Soldiers--Merchants, Booksellers, and Printers." All these heads are
+illustrated by anecdotes--some of them well known, others drawn
+from uncommon sources--and all replete with useful information, and
+furnishing an exhaustless store of entertainment. Such a volume is,
+indeed, _a book for the people_, and will do more towards the spread
+of knowledge, and the excitement of those engaged in its pursuit, than
+scores of fine-spun theories cramped up with technicalities. For young
+people we consider this book a real treasure; since the examples
+selected are not those of men who became intoxicated with their
+success, or gave up useful occupation for mere elegant literature or
+experimental knowledge; but the instances are chiefly of such as have
+turned their genius to good account, or for the benefit of themselves
+and their fellow men. We call such men the _honourables of the land_,
+whose examples should be written in letters of gold, and on monuments
+of marble, as helps to social duties and for the imitation of after
+times.
+
+We have marked for our next number a few extracts which will be
+interesting to our readers to explain the mode by which the heads of a
+chapter are illustrated. The biographettes of John Hunter, Simpson, J.
+Stone, and Fergusson, and the introductory illustrations of Newton,
+are the most striking portions of the volume; and they maybe read and
+re-read with increasing advantage. Of Hunter and Fergusson there are
+good portraits.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF DISCOVERY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+_Block Machinery._
+
+
+Mr. Faraday has lately described at the Royal Institution, Brunel's
+Block Machinery at Portsmouth, with a set of magnificent models of
+this admirable invention, which were lent to the Society by the
+Navy Board. They consist of eight separate machines, which work in
+succession, so as to begin and finish off a two-sheaved block four
+inches in length. These were put by Messrs. Maudsley and Field's men
+(who made them) into such communication and action, as to perform the
+set of operations in the most perfect manner.
+
+Mr. F. briefly stated that the Block Machinery of Portsmouth, by
+adjustments, could manufacture blocks of 100 different sizes--could
+with thirty men make 100 per hour; and from the time of its completion
+in 1804-5 to the present day, had required no repairs from Maudsley,
+the original manufacturer. The total cost was given at 46,000 _l_.,
+and the saving per annum in time of war 25,000 _l_. This is a paragon
+of art which we could see again and again.
+
+
+_Enameled Street Names._
+
+The names of the Streets in Paris have been recently put up on
+enameled plates; the ground being blue, and the letters white. The
+substance on which the enameling is performed is lava in slabs; the
+same substance has since been used as the basis of certain enameled
+designs; it is much superior in some points to porcelain in this
+application, because the necessary exposure to fire does not cause it
+to crack in the manner that porcelain does.--_From the French_.
+
+
+_Preservation of Wine Must._
+
+Charcoal was added to grape must, in the proportion of 100 grains to a
+litre (2.1 pints), or if very much inclined to ferment, more
+charcoal was used. When the liquid had settled, and become clear and
+colourless, it was removed from the charcoal, and put into bottles
+or casks, to be closed up, and preserved. It will not enter into
+fermentation, even in close vessels; for the charcoal has absorbed
+the ferment. Nevertheless, the ferment has not lost its powers by
+combination with the carbon; for, if left in the must, the latter
+begins to ferment, but only where in contact with the former.--_From
+the French_.
+
+
+_Weevils in Granaries._
+
+Wash the floor and sides of the granary with a mixture of urine and
+water before the corn is stored up; this washing is to be repeated
+several times, the walls and floors of the granary being well swept
+between each operation.--_From the French_.
+
+
+_French Eggs and Apples._
+
+In the year 1827 there were 63,109,618 hen's eggs, and 14,182 bushels
+of apples imported from France into England.
+
+
+_Enlargement of Artichokes._
+
+The gardeners in the south of France increase the size of artichokes
+by splitting the stem into four at the base of the receptacle, and
+introducing two small sticks in the form of a cross. This operation
+should not be made until the stem has attained the height it ought to
+have.--_From the French_.
+
+
+_Preservation of Potatoes._
+
+Potatoes at the depth of one foot in the ground, produce shoots near
+the end of spring; at the depth of two feet they appear in the middle
+of summer; at three feet they are very short, and never come to the
+surface; and between three and five feet they cease to vegetate. In
+consequence of observing these effects several parcels of potatoes
+were buried in a garden at the depth of three and a half feet, and
+were not removed. until after an interval of one or two years. They
+were then found without, any shoots, and possessing their original
+freshness, firmness, goodness, and taste. _From the French_.
+
+
+_Leeches._
+
+It is well known that atmospheric changes have a remarkable influence
+upon leeches. In 1825, M. Derheim, of St. Omer, ascribes the almost
+sudden death of them at the approach of, or during storms, to the
+coagulation of the blood of these creatures, caused by the impression
+of the atmospheric electricity.--_From the French_.
+
+
+_Carpenter's Microscope._
+
+Mr. Carpenter's achromatic solar microscope has now a white circular
+area of nine feet in diameter, to receive the images of the objects
+upon, some of which are magnified to the enormous size of upwards of
+eight feet in length!
+
+Mr. Carpenter's lucernal microscopes are now arranged in a kind of
+temple, placed in the middle of a room, and illuminated by the light
+of one powerful Argand lamp, so as to be independent of all natural
+light; thus, in all seasons, even in cloudy weather, the objects are
+as brilliantly displayed as they could be last year when the sun
+shone.--_Gill's Repository_.
+
+
+_Beet Root Sugar._
+
+There are now in France upwards of one hundred manufactories of beet
+root sugar, from which were produced last year upwards of 5,000 tons
+of sugar, worth 60 _l._ per ton, or 300,000 _l_.; the profit of which
+is estimated at 15 _l._ an acre; but, says one of the manufacturers,
+the process may be so far improved, that sugar will be made in France
+from the beet root at 30 _l._ per ton, which will increase the profit
+to 24 _l._ an acre. A writer in the _Quarterly Journal of Agriculture_
+observes that "it is difficult to conceive that one half of the sugar
+consumed in Great Britain, or in all Europe, will not, in a few years,
+be home-made beet root sugar."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LORD BYRON AND SIR WALTER SCOTT AT WATERLOO.
+
+_By a Sexagenarian._
+
+
+In his transit to Italy in August, 1816, Lord Byron visited Brussels
+(where I was residing) accompanied by Dr. Polidori. The moment I heard
+of his arrival, I waited on him, and was received with the greatest
+cordiality and kindness.
+
+As he proposed visiting Waterloo on the following morning, I offered
+my services as his cicerone, which were graciously accepted, and we
+set out at an early hour, accompanied by his _compagnon de voyage_.
+The weather was propitious, but the poet's spirits seemed depressed,
+and we passed through the gloomy forest of Soignies without much
+conversation. As the plan of the inspection of the field had been left
+to me, I ordered our postilion to drive to Mont St. Jean, without
+stopping at Waterloo. We got out at the monuments. Lord Byron gazed
+about for five minutes without uttering a syllable; at last, turning
+to me, he said--"I am not disappointed. I have seen the plains of
+Marathon, and these are as fine. Can you tell me," he continued,
+"where Picton fell? because I have heard that my friend Howard was
+killed at his side, and nearly at the same moment."
+
+The spot was well known, and I pointed with my finger to some trees
+near it, at the distance of one hundred and fifty yards: we walked to
+the spot. "Howard," said his lordship, with a sigh, "was my relation
+and dear friend; but we quarrelled, and I was in the wrong; we were,
+however, reconciled, at which I now rejoice." He spoke these words
+with great feeling, and we returned to examine the monument of Sir
+Alexander Gordon, a broken column, on which he made some criticisms,
+bestowing great praise on the fraternal affection of his brother, who
+had erected it. He did not seem much interested about the positions of
+the troops, which I pointed out to him; and we got into our carriage,
+and drove to the Chateau Goumont, the poet remaining silent, pensive,
+and in a musing mood, which I took care not to interrupt.
+
+The gallant defence of this post seemed to interest him more, and
+I recapitulated all the particulars I knew of the attack. From the
+bravery displayed by the handful of troops (the Guards) who defended
+it, it has acquired its reputation. Though they were reinforced
+more than once, the number never exceeded twelve hundred; and
+notwithstanding the enemy having, by battering down the gate of the
+farmyard, and setting fire to the straw in it, got possession of the
+outer works, in the evening attack, they could make no impression on
+the strong hold, the garden--
+
+
+  "Whose close pleach'd walks and bowers have been
+  The deadly marksman's lurking screen."
+
+
+They reaped no advantage by these assaults; on the contrary, they
+sacrificed a great many brave men without any purpose. It was a most
+important post; for had they succeeded in getting possession of it,
+and driving out our troops, their guns would have enfiladed us, and
+we should have been obliged to change our front. The pompous title
+of _chateau_ gives a little additional importance to this position,
+though it is only a miserable dwelling of two stories, somewhat
+resembling the habitations of our _Bonnet Lairds_ about the beginning
+of the last century. The area of the house is about two Scotch acres,
+including the garden. The clipped and shady walks have been long since
+cut down, which takes away much interest from it; and the stupid
+Fleming to whom it belonged, cut down the young trees in front of it,
+because they had been wounded by the bullets, which he was informed
+"would cause them to bleed to death!" The nobleman who now possesses
+it, had, with better taste, repaired the chateau, and will not permit
+any alteration in its appearance.
+
+I asked Byron what he thought of Mr. Scott's "Field of Waterloo," just
+published--if it was fair to ask one poet his opinion of a living
+contemporary. "Oh," said he, "quite fair; besides, there is not much
+subject for criticism in this hasty sketch. The reviewers call it a
+_falling off_; but I am sure there is no poet living who could have
+written so many good lines on so meagre a subject, in so short a time.
+Scott," he added, "is a fine poet, and a most amiable man. We are
+great friends. As a prose writer, he has no rival; and has not been
+approached since Cervantes, in depicting manners. His tales are my
+constant companions. It is highly absurd his denying, what every one
+that knows him believes, his being the author of these admirable
+works. Yet no man is obliged to give his name to the public, except he
+chooses so to do; and Scott is not likely to be compelled by the law,
+for he does not write libels, nor a line of which he may be ashamed."
+He said a great deal more in praise of his friend, for whom he had the
+highest respect and regard. "I wish," added the poet, with feeling,
+"it had been my good fortune to have had such a Mentor. No author," he
+observed, "had deserved more from the public, or has been so liberally
+rewarded. Poor Milton got only 15_l._ for his 'Paradise Lost,' while
+a modern poet has as much for a stanza." I know not if he made any
+allusion to himself in this remark, but it has been said that Murray
+paid him that sum for every verse of "Childe Harold."
+
+Lord Byron, in reading aloud the stanzas of Mr. Scott,
+
+
+  "For high, and deathless is the name,
+  Oh Hougoinont, thy ruins claim!
+  The sound of Cressy none shall own,
+  And Agincourt shall be unknown,
+  And Blenheim be a nameless spot
+  Long ere thy glories are forgot," &c.
+
+
+he exclaimed, striking the page with his hand, "I'll be d----d if they
+will, Mr. Scott, be forgot!"
+
+
+SIR WALTER SCOTT.
+
+
+Sir Walter Scott visited Brussels about the middle of August, 1816,
+when I had the good fortune to meet him at the house of Sir Frederick
+Adam, who was prevented by a wound from joining his brigade, though he
+was able to do the duties of the small garrison there.
+
+Mr. Scott accepted my services to conduct him to Waterloo. The
+general's aid-de-camp was also of the party, Mr. Scott being
+accompanied by two friends, his fellow travellers. He made no secret
+of his having undertaken to write something on the battle; and he
+took the greater interest on this account in every thing that he saw.
+Besides, he had never seen a field of such a conflict; and never
+having been before on the Continent, it was all new to his
+comprehensive mind. The day was beautiful; and I had the precaution to
+send out a couple of saddle-horses, that he might not be fatigued
+in walking over the fields which had been recently ploughed up. The
+animal he rode was so quiet that he was much gratified, and had an
+opportunity of examining every spot of the positions of both armies;
+and seemed greatly delighted, especially with the Farm of Goumont,
+where he loitered a couple of hours. In our rounds we fell in with
+Monsieur Da Costar, with whom he got into conversation, though I had
+told him he was an impostor. But he had attracted so much notice by
+his pretended story of being about the person of Napoleon, that he was
+of too much importance to be passed by: I did not, indeed, know as
+much of this fellow's Charlatanism at that time as afterwards, when
+I saw him confronted with a blacksmith of La Belle Alliance, who had
+been his companion in a hiding-place, ten miles from the field, during
+the whole day; a fact which he could not deny. But he had got up a
+tale so plausible, and so profitable, that he could afford to bestow
+hush-money on the companion of his flight, so that the imposition was
+but little known, and strangers continued to be gulled. He had picked
+up a good deal of information about the positions and details of the
+battle, and being naturally a sagacious Wallon, and speaking French
+pretty fluently, he became the favourite _cicerone_, and every lie he
+told was taken for gospel. Year after year, until his death, in 1824,
+he continued his popularity, and raised the price of his rounds from a
+couple of francs to five; besides as much for the hire of a horse, his
+own property; for he pretended that the fatigue of walking so many
+hours was beyond his powers. It has been said, that in this way he
+realized every summer a couple of hundred Napoleons. It is surprising
+how any one could believe the story he told; for supposing that he had
+been seized upon by Napoleon, what use could such a vagabond be as a
+guide? What was he to show? The British army was staring the Emperor
+in the face at a mile distant. This _soi-disant_ hero could only be
+an incumbrance during the conflict, if his courage could have been
+screwed up to remain at Napoleon's side, as he pretended he had done,
+and that when he became panicstruck on the approach of the Prussians,
+he was rewarded for his services with a twenty-franc coin. He even
+pointed out the actual spot where he stood with the Emperor on the
+_chaussee_--heard him exclaim "Sauve qui peut!" and saw him mount his
+horse, and brush!--_facts_, which are become historical!
+
+When Sir Walter had examined every point of defence and attack we
+adjourned to the "Original Duke of Wellington," at Waterloo, to
+dinner, after the fatigues of the ride. Here he had a crowded levee of
+peasants, and collected a great many trophies, from cuirasses down to
+buttons and bullets. He picked up himself many little relics, and was
+fortunate in purchasing a grand cross of the legion of honour. But
+the most precious relic was presented to him by my wife--a French
+soldier's book, well stained with blood, and containing some poetical
+effusions, called "Troubadours," which he found so interesting that
+he translated them into English, and they were introduced into his
+"Paul's Letters;" on the publication of which he did her the honour of
+sending her a copy, with a most flattering letter, to say, "that he
+considered her gift as the most valuable of all his Waterloo relics."
+
+On our return from the field, he kindly passed the evening with us,
+and a few friends whom we invited to meet him. He charmed us with his
+delightful conversation, and was in great spirits from the agreeable
+day he had passed; and with great good humour promised to write a
+stanza in the lady's Album. The following morning he called to achieve
+this; and I put him into my little library, the door of which I locked
+to prevent interruption, as a great many of my friends had paraded in
+the _Parc_ opposite my window to get a peep of the celebrated man,
+many having dogged him from his hotel.
+
+Brussels affords but little worthy of the notice of such a traveller
+as the author of "Waverley;" but he greatly admired the splendid
+tower of the Maison de Ville, and the ancient sculpture and style of
+architecture of the buildings which surround the Grand Place.
+
+He told us, with great humour, a laughable incident which had occurred
+to him at Antwerp. The morning after his arrival at that city from
+Holland, he started at an early hour to visit the tomb of Rubens in
+the Church of St. Jacques, before his party were up. Having provided
+himself with a map of the city, he had no other guide; but after
+wandering about for an hour, without finding the object he had in
+view, he determined to make inquiry, and observing a person stalking
+about like himself, he addressed him, in his best French; but the
+stranger pulling off his hat, very respectfully replied, in the pure
+Highland accent, "I'm vary sorry, Sir, but I canna speak ony thing
+besides English."--"This is very unlucky indeed, Donald," said Mr.
+Scott, "but we must help one another; for, to tell you the truth,
+I'm not good at any other tongue but the English, or rather, the
+Scotch."--"Oh, Sir, maybe," replied the Highlander, "you are a
+countryman, and ken my maister, Captain Cameron, of the 79th, and
+could tell me where he lodges. I'm just cum in, Sir, frae a place they
+ca' _Machlin_, and ha forgotten the name of the captain's quarters; it
+was something like the _Laaborer_."--"I can, I think, help you with
+this, my friend," rejoined Mr. Scott. "There is an inn just opposite
+to you, (pointing to the _Hotel de Grand Laboreur_,) I dare say that
+will be the captain's quarters;" and so it was. I cannot do justice to
+the humour in which Mr. Scott recounted this dialogue.
+
+_New Monthly Magazine_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+THE GATHERER.
+
+
+  A snapper up of unconsidered trifles.
+SHAKSPEARE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SUPERSTITION.
+
+
+Catherine de Medicis, in order to be assured of the assistance of
+heaven in a certain project, vowed to send a pilgrim to Jerusalem,
+who should walk three feet forwards and one backwards all the way. A
+countryman of Picardy undertook the fulfilment of this vow, and having
+employed a whole year in the task, was rewarded with a title and a
+large sum of money.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The Romans deposed their Dictator, Minutius, and the general of their
+cavalry, Caius Flaminius, on the same day they had been elected,
+because one of the citizens of Rome had heard a mouse squeak.
+
+A.V.M.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NAPKINS.
+
+
+When Diego de Torres, the Spanish ambassador, in 1547, first dined
+with the Emperor of Morocco at his court, he was amused by the customs
+of the table; neither knives, forks, nor spoons, were provided; but
+each person helped himself with his fingers, and cleaned his hands
+with his tongue, excepting the emperor, who wiped the hand he took his
+meat up with on the head of a black boy, ten years old, who stood by
+his side. The ambassador smiled, and the emperor observing it, asked
+what Christian kings wiped their hands with at meals, and what such
+things were worth? "Fine napkins," replied the ambassador, "a clean
+one at every meal, worth a crown a piece or more." "Don't you think
+this napkin much better," said the emperor, wiping his hand again on
+the black boy's head, "which is worth seventy or eighty crowns."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+JUSTICE.
+
+
+"What is your fare, coachee," said a stout gentleman alighting from a
+hackney-coach.
+
+_Coachee_.--"One shilling, sir."
+
+_Gent_.--"One shilling! What an imposition for such a short distance."
+
+_Coachee_.--"I'll take my oath that is my fare."
+
+_Gent_.--"Will you? very well, I am a magistrate, proceed--(_Coachee
+is sworn_)--That will do, the shilling I shall keep for the
+affidavit."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Philip III. King of Spain, wept at an _Auto da Fe_, because he saw so
+many fellow creatures inhumanly tormented. This was thought by the
+Grand Inquisitor to be a great sin, and he terrified the king so much
+with his remonstrances, that Philip suffered himself to be bled, and
+the blood to be given to the common executioner, to be burnt at the
+next _Auto da Fe_, by way of penance.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+_Cobweb_ comes from the Dutch word _Kopwebbe_; and _Kop_ in that
+language signifies a spider.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+(S.I.B.'s interesting paper on the Birth of Edward VI. and Death of
+Queen Jane Seymour, did not reach us till our description of Hampton
+Court was ready for press: our Correspondent's contribution shall
+appear next week.)
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LIMBIRD'S EDITION OF THE FOLLOWING NOVELS IS ALREADY PUBLISHED:
+
+                                         s.    d.
+  Mackenzie's Man of Feeling             0     6
+  Paul and Virginia                      0     6
+  The Castle of Otranto                  0     6
+  Almoran and Hamet                      0     6
+  Elizabeth, or the Exiles of Siberia    0     6
+  The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne     0     6
+  Rasselas                               0     8
+  The Old English Baron                  0     8
+  Nature and Art                         0     8
+  Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield         0    10
+  Sicilian Romance                       1     0
+  The Man of the World                   1     0
+  A Simple Story                         1     4
+  Joseph Andrews                         1     6
+  Humphry Clinker                        1     8
+  The Romance of the Forest              1     8
+  The Italian                            2     0
+  Zeluco, by Dr. Moore                   2     6
+  Edward, by Dr. Moore                   2     6
+  Roderick Random                        2     6
+  The Mysteries of Udolpho               3     6
+  Peregrine Pickle                       4     6
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement,
+and Instruction, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 385 ***
+
+***** This file should be named 11455.txt or 11455.zip *****
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