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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11336 ***
+
+THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT AND INSTRUCTION
+
+Vol. XII. No. 337.] SATURDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1828. [PRICE 2d.
+
+
+
+
+Cheese Wring.
+
+(_To the Editor of the Mirror_.)
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+In presenting your readers with a representation of the Wring Cheese, I
+offer a few prefatory remarks connected with the early importance of the
+county in which it stands, venerable in its age, amid the storms of
+elements, and the changes of religions. Its pristine glory has sunk on
+the horizon of Time; but its legend, like a soft twilight of its former
+day, still hallows it in the memories of the surrounding peasantry.
+
+Cornwall is allowed by antiquaries to be the Capiterides; and the Abbé
+de Fontenu, in the _Memoires de Literature_, tom. vii. p. 126, proves,
+according to Vallancey, that the Phoenicians traded here for tin before
+the Trojan war. Homer frequently mentions this metal; and even in
+Scripture we have allusions to this land under the name of Tarshish
+(Ezekiel, c. xxvii., v. 12-25), being the place whence the Tyrians
+procured various metals, and among the rest, the English metal tin. It
+appears that the primitive Greeks had a clearer knowledge of these
+shores than those in after years; and although Homer, in his shield of
+Achilles, describes the earth surrounded by water, yet Herodotus,
+notwithstanding his learning and research, candidly states his ignorance
+in the following words:--"Neither am I better acquainted with the
+islands called Capiterides, from whence _we are said_ to have our tin."
+The knowledge of these shores existed in periods so remote, that it
+faded. We dwindled away into a visionary land--we lived almost in fable.
+The Phoenician left us, and the link of our history was severed. Hyde de
+Religione Vet. Persarum, c. iv. p. 121, supposes Solomon to have traded
+with the Peruvians; and the analogies between the Pyramids in Mexico and
+Egypt confirm the opinion, and sanction the belief that the ancients had
+a more extended knowledge of, and a greater traffic over, the earth than
+history records. In the most early ages, worship was paid to stone
+idols; and the Pagan introduction of statues into temples was of a
+recenter date. The ancient Etruscans, as well as the ancient Egyptians,
+revered the obeliscal stone, (the reason why to the obeliscal stone is
+given by Payne Knight, in his extraordinary work;) nor was it, according
+to Plutarch, till 170 years after the founding of the city that the
+Romans had statues in their temples, their deities being considered
+invisible. Many stone pillars exist in this country, especially in
+Cornwall; and it is a fair inference that the Phoenician imported his
+religious rites in return for his metallic exports--since we find
+mention made of stone pillars in Genesis, xxviii. v. 20; Deuteronomy,
+xxvii. v. 4.; Joshua, xxiv.; 2 Samuel, xx. v. 8.; Judges, ix. v. 6., &c.
+&c. Many are the conjectures as to what purport these stones were used:
+sometimes they were sepulchral, as Jacob's pillar over Rachel, Gen.
+xxxv. 20. Ilus, son of Dardanus, king of Troy, was buried in the plain
+before that city beneath a column, Iliad, xi. 317. Sometimes they were
+erected as trophies, as the one set up by Samuel between Mizpeh and
+Shen, in commemoration of the defeat of the Philistines; one was also
+erected at Murray, in Scotland, as a monument of the fight between
+Malcolm, son of Keneth, and Sueno the Dane. We also find them as
+witnesses to covenants, like that of Jacob and Laban, which, though
+originally an emblem of a civil pact, became afterwards the place of
+worship of the whole twelve tribes of Israel. All these relics, to say
+nothing of the cromlechs in Malabar, bear a silent and solemn testimony
+of some by-gone people, whose religious and civil customs had extended
+wide over the earth. Their monuments remain, but their history has
+perished, and the dust of their bodies has been scattered in the wind.
+The Druids availed themselves of those places most likely to give an
+effect to their vaticinations; and not only obtained, but supported by
+terror the influence they held over the superstitious feelings of our
+earliest forefathers. Where nature presented a _bizarre_ mass of rocks,
+the Druid worked, and peopled it with his gods, the most remarkable of
+which is the subject of our engraving, called the Wring Cheese, or
+Cheese Wring, in the parish of St. Clare, near Liskeard, in Cornwall.
+This singular mass of rocks is 32 feet high. The large stone at the top
+was a logan, or rocking-stone. Geologists are inclined to consider it as
+a natural production, which is probably the case in part, the Druids
+taking advantage of favourable circumstances to convert these crags to
+objects of superstitious reverence. On its summit are two rock basins;
+and it is a well-known fact, that baptism was a Pagan rite of the
+highest antiquity, (vide the Etruscan vases by Gorius.) Here, probably,
+the rude ancestor of our glorious land was initiated amidst the mystic
+ceremonies of the white-robed Druid and his blood-stained sacrifices. A
+similar mass exists at Brimham, York; and in the "History of Waterford,"
+p. 70, mention is made of St. Declan's stone, which, not liking its
+situation, miraculously _swam_ from Rome, conveying on it St. Declan's
+bell and vestment.
+
+J. SILVESTER.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CURIOUS ANCIENT LEGEND.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+In ancienne tyme, and in a goodly towne, neare to Canterbury, sojourned
+a ladie faire. She one nighte, in the absence of her lorde, leaned her
+lovely arme upon a gentleman's, and walked in the fyldes. When
+journeying far, she became afraide, and begged to returne. The
+gentleman, with kyndest sayings and greate courtesey, retraced their
+steps; when in this saide momente, this straynge occurrence came to
+pass--ye raine descended, though the moone and millions of starres were
+shyneing bryght. In journeying home, another straynge occurrence came to
+pass; her coral lippes the gentleman's did meete in sweetest kyss. Thys
+was not straynge at all; but that the moone, that still shone bryghte,
+did in the momente hide herself behynde a cloude: this was straynge,
+most passing straynge indeede. The ladie faire, who prayed to the
+blessed Virgin, did to her confesseur this confession mayk, and her
+confesseur with charitye impromptu wrote:--
+
+  "Whence came the rayne, when first with guileless heart
+  Further to walk she's lothe, and yet more lothe to part?
+  It was not rayne, but angels' pearly teares,
+  In pity dropt to soothe Eliza's feares.
+  Whence came the cloude that veil'd the orb of nighte,
+  When first her lippes she yielded to delyght?
+  It was not cloude, but whylst the world was hush,
+  Mercy put forthe her hande to hide Eliza's blush."
+
+W.G.C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+PICTON'S MONUMENT, CARMARTHEN.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+This interesting national tribute stands at the west end of the town of
+Carmarthen, rising ground, and is erected in memory of the gallant Sir
+Thomas Picton, who terminated his career in the ever-to-be-remembered
+battle of Waterloo. The structure stands about 30 feet high, and is,
+particularly the shaft and architrave, similar to Trajan's pillar in
+Rome; and being built of a very durable material, (black marble,) will
+no doubt stand as many ages as that noble, though now mouldering relic.
+The pillar stands on a square pedestal, with a small door on the east
+side, which fronts the town, where the monument is ascended by a flight
+of steps. Over the door, in large characters, is the hero's name,
+PICTON; and above this, in basso relievo, is represented part of the
+field of battle, with the hero falling from his horse, from the mortal
+wound which he received. Over this, in large letters, is inscribed
+WATERLOO. On the west end is represented the siege of Badajos, Picton
+scaling the walls with a few men, and attacked by the besieged. Above
+this is the word BADAJOS. On the south side of the pedestal is the
+following inscription:--
+
+  Sir THOMAS PICTON,
+
+  Knight Grand Cross of the Military Order of the
+    Bath,
+  Of the Portuguese Order of the Tower and Sword,
+    and of other foreign Orders;
+  Lieutenant-General in the British Army, and
+    Member of Parliament for the Borough of
+    Pembroke,
+  Born at Poyston, in Pembrokeshire, in August,
+    1758;
+  Died at Waterloo on the 18th of June, 1815,
+    Gloriously fighting for his country and the
+    liberties of Europe.
+  Having honourably fulfilled, on behalf of the
+    public, various duties in various climates:
+  And having achieved the highest military renown
+    in the Spanish Peninsula,
+  He thrice received the unanimous thanks of
+    Parliament,
+  And a Monument erected by the British nation
+    in St. Paul's Cathedral
+    Commemorates his death and services,
+  His grateful countrymen, to perpetuate past and
+    incite to future exertions,
+  Have raised this column, under the auspices of
+    his Majesty, King George the Fourth,
+    To the memory of a hero and a Welshman.
+  The plan and design of this Monument was given
+    by our countryman, John Nash, Esq. F.R.S.
+    Architect to the King.
+    The ornaments were executed by
+    E.H. Bailey, Esq. R.A.
+  And the whole was erected by Mr. Daniel
+    Mainwaring, of the town of Carmarthen,
+    In the year 1826 and 1827.
+
+On the north side is the translation of the above in Welsh; and on the
+top of the pedestal, on each side of the square, are trophies. The top
+of the column is also square, and on each side are imitative cannons.
+The statue of the hero surmounts the whole. He is wrapped in a cloak,
+and is supported by a baluster, round which are emblems of spears.
+
+W.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+THE SKETCH BOOK
+
+
+AN HOUR TOO MANY.
+
+
+Hail, land of the kangaroo!--paradise of the bushranger!--purgatory of
+England!--happy scene, where the sheep-stealer is metamorphosed into the
+shepherd; the highwayman is the guardian of the road; the dandy is
+delicate no more, and earns his daily bread; and the Court of Chancery
+is unknown--hail to thee, soil of larceny and love! of pickpockets and
+principle! of every fraud under heaven, and primeval virtue! daughter of
+jails, and mother of empires!--hail to thee, New South Wales! In all my
+years--and I am now no boy--and in all my travels--and I am now at the
+antipodes--I have never heard any maxim so often as, that time is short;
+yet no maxim that ever dropt from human lips is further from the truth.
+I appeal to the experience of mankind--to the three hundred heirs of the
+British peerage, whom their gouty fathers keep out of their honours and
+estates--to the six hundred and sixty-eight candidates for seats in
+parliament, which they must wait for till the present sitters die; or
+turn rebellious to their noble patrons, or their borough patrons, or
+their Jew patrons; or plunge into joint-stock ruin, and expatriate
+themselves, for the astonishment of all other countries, and the benefit
+of their own;--to the six thousand five hundred heroes of the half-pay,
+longing for tardy war;--to the hundred thousand promissory excisemen
+lying on the soul of the chancellor of the ex-chequer, and pining for
+the mortality of every gauger from the Lizard to the Orkneys;--and, to
+club the whole discomfort into one, to the entire race of the fine and
+superfine, who breathe the vital air, from five thousand a year to
+twenty times the rental, the unhappy population of the realms of
+indolence included in Bond Street, St. James's, and the squares.
+
+For my own part, in all my experience of European deficiencies, I have
+never found any deficiency of time. Money went like the wind; champagne
+grew scanty; the trust of tailors ran down to the dregs; the smiles of
+my fair flirts grew rare as diamonds--every thing became as dry, dull,
+and stagnant as the Serpentine in summer; but time never failed me. I
+had a perpetual abundance of a commodity which the philosophers told me
+was beyond price. I had not merely enough for myself, but enough to give
+to others; until I discovered the fact, that it was as little a
+favourite with others as myself, and that, whatever the plausible might
+say, there was nothing on earth for which they would not be more obliged
+to me than a donation of my superfluous time. But now let me give a
+sketch of my story. A single fact is worth a hundred reflections. The
+first consciousness that I remember, was that of having a superabundance
+of time; and my first ingenuity was demanded for getting rid of the
+encumbrance. I had always an hour that perplexed my skill to know what
+to do with this treasure. A schoolboy turn for long excursions in any
+direction but that of my pedagogue, indicative of a future general
+officer; a naturalist-taste for bird-nesting, which, in maturer years,
+would have made me one of the wonders of the Linnaean Society; a passion
+for investigating the inside of every thing, from a Catherine-wheel to a
+China-closet, which would yet have entitled me to the honours of an
+F.R.S.; and an original vigour in the plunder of orchards, which
+undoubtedly might have laid the foundation of a first lord of the
+treasury; were nature's helps to get rid of this oppressive bounty. But
+though I fought the enemy with perpetual vigour and perpetual variety,
+he was not to be put to flight by a stripling; and I went to the
+university as far from being a conqueror as ever. At Oxford I found the
+superabundance of this great gift acknowledged with an openness worthy
+of English candour, and combated with the dexterity of an experience
+five hundred years old. Port-drinking, flirtation, lounging, the
+invention of new ties to cravats, and new tricks on proctors; billiards,
+boxing, and barmaids; seventeen ways of mulling sherry, and as many
+dozen ways of raising "the supplies," were adopted with an adroitness
+that must have baffled all but the invincible. Yet Time was master at
+last; and he always indulged me with a liberality that would have driven
+a less resolute spirit to the bottom of the Isis.
+
+At length I gave way; left the university with my blessing and my debts;
+and rushed up to London, as the grand _place d'armes_, the central spot
+from which the enemy was excluded by the united strength, wit, and
+wisdom of a million and a half of men. I might as well have staid
+bird-nesting in Berkshire. I found the happiest contrivances against the
+universal invader fail. Pigeon-matches; public dinners; coffee-houses;
+bluestocking _reunions_; private morning quadrille practice, with public
+evening exhibitions of their fruits; dilettanti breakfasts, with a
+bronze Hercules standing among the bread and butter, or a reposing cast
+of Venus, fresh from Pompeii, as black and nude as a negress disporting
+on the banks of the Senegal, but dear and delicate to the eyes of taste;
+Sunday mornings at Tattersal's, jockeying till the churches let out
+their population, and the time for visits was come; and Sunday evening
+routs at _the_ duchess's, with a cotillon by the _vraies danseuses_ of
+the opera, followed by a concert, a round game, and a _select_ supper
+for the initiated;--the whole failed. I had always an hour too
+much--sixty mortal minutes, and every one of them an hour in itself,
+that I could never squeeze down.
+
+  "Ye gods, annihilate both space and time,
+  And make two lovers happy,"
+
+may have been called a not over-modest request; but I can vouch for at
+least one half of it being the daily prayer of some thousands of the
+best-dressed people that the sun ever summoned to a day of twenty-four
+hours long. On feeling the symptoms of this horary visitation, I
+regularly rushed into the streets, on the principle that some
+alleviation of misery is always to be found in fellow-suffering. This
+maxim I invariably found false, like every other piece of the boasted
+wisdom of mankind. I found the suffering infinitely increased by the
+association with my fellow-fashionables. A man might as well have fled
+from his chamber to enjoy comfort in the wards of an hospital. In one of
+my marches up and down the _pavé_ of St. James's Street, that treadmill
+of gentlemen convicted in the penalty of having nothing to do, I lounged
+into the little hotel of the Guards, that stands beside the great hotel
+of the gamblers, like a babe under its mamma's wing--the likeness
+admirable, though the scale diminutive. That "hour too many," cost me
+three games of billiards, my bachelor's house, and one thousand pounds.
+This price of sixty minutes startled me a little; and, for a week, I
+meditated with some seriousness on the superior gaiety of a life spent
+in paving the streets, driving a wagon, or answering the knocker of a
+door. But the "hour" again overflowed me. I was walking it off in Regent
+Street, when an old fellow-victim met me, and prescribed a trot to
+Newmarket. The prescription was taken, and the hour was certainly got
+rid of. But the remedy was costly; for my betting-book left me minus ten
+thousand pounds. I returned to town like a patient from a
+watering-place; relieved of every thing but the disease that took me
+there. My last shilling remained among the noble blacklegs; but nothing
+could rob me of a fragment of my superfluous time, and I brought even a
+tenfold allowance of it back. But every disease has a crisis; and when a
+lounge through the streets became at once useless and inconvenient--when
+the novelty of being cut by all my noble friends, and of being seduously
+followed by that generation who, unlike the fickle world, reserve their
+tipstaff attentions for the day of adversity, had lost its zest, and I
+was thinking whether time was to be better fought off by a plunge to the
+bottom of the Thames, or by the muzzle of one of Manton's hair-
+triggers--I was saved by a plunge into the King's Bench. There life was
+new, friendship was undisguised, my coat was not an object of scorn, my
+exploits were fashion, my duns were inadmissible, and my very captors
+were turned into my humble servants. There, too, my nature, always
+social, had its full indulgence; for there I found, rather to my
+surprise, nine-tenths of my most accomplished acquaintance. But the
+enemy still made his way; and I had learned to yawn, in spite of
+billiards and ball-playing, when _the_ Act let me loose into the great
+world again. Good-luck, too, had prepared a surprise for my _debut_. I
+had scarcely exhibited myself in the streets, when I discovered that
+every man of my _set_ was grown utterly blind whenever I happened to
+walk on the same side of the way, and that I might as well have been
+buried a century. I was absurd enough to be indignant; for nothing can
+be more childish than any delicacy when a man cannot bet on the rubber.
+But one morning a knock came to my attic-door which startled me by its
+professional vigour. An attorney entered. I had now nothing to fear, for
+the man whom no one will trust cannot well be in debt; and for once I
+faced an attorney without a palpitation. His intelligence was
+flattering. An old uncle of mine, who had worn out all that was human
+about him in amassing fifty thousand pounds, and finally died of
+starving himself, had expired with the pen in his hand, in the very act
+of leaving his thousands to pay the national debt. But fate, propitious
+to me, had dried up his ink-bottle; the expense of replenishing it would
+have broken his heart of itself; and the attorney's announcement to me
+was, that the will, after blinding the solicitor to the treasury and
+three of his clerks, was pronounced to be altogether illegible.
+
+The fact that I was the nearest of kin got into the newspapers; and in
+my first drive down St. James's, I had the pleasure of discovering that
+I had cured a vast number of my friends of their calamitous defect of
+vision. But if the "post equitem sedet atra cura" was the maxim in the
+days of Augustus, the man who drives the slower cabriolet in the days of
+George the Fourth, cannot expect to escape. The "hour too many" overtook
+me in the first week. On one memorable evening I saw it coming, just as
+I turned the corner of Piccadilly; fair flight was hopeless, and I took
+refuge in that snug asylum on the right hand of St. James's Street,
+which has since expanded into a palace. I stoutly battled the foe, for I
+"took no note of time" during the next day and night; and when at last I
+walked forth into the air, I found that I had relieved myself of the
+burden of three-fourths of my reversion. A weak mind on such an occasion
+would have cursed the cards, and talked of taking care of the fragment
+of his property; but mine was of the higher order, and I determined on
+revenge. I had my revenge, and saw my winners ruined. They had their
+consolation, and at the close of a six months' campaign saw me walk into
+the streets a beggar. I grew desperate, and was voted dangerous. I
+realized the charge by fastening on a noble lord who had been one of the
+most adroit in pigeoning me. His life was "too valuable to his country,"
+or himself, to allow him to meet a fellow whose life was of no use to
+any living thing; and through patriotism and the fear of being shot, he
+kept out of my way. I raged, threatened to post his lordship, and was in
+the very act of writing out the form of the placard declaring the noble
+heir of the noble house of ---- a cheat and a scoundrel, when by the
+twopenny-post I received a notice from the Horse Guards that I was on
+that day to appear in the Gazette as an ensign in his majesty's ----
+regiment, then serving in the Peninsula, with orders to join without
+delay. This was enough from his lordship, and was certainly better for
+me than running the chance of damages in the King's Bench, for provoking
+his majesty's subjects to a breach of the peace.
+
+I was gazetted, tried on my uniform before the mirror, entirely approved
+of my appearance, and wrote my last letter to my last flirt. The
+Portsmouth mail was to start at eight. I had an hour to spare, and
+sallied into the street. I met an honest-faced old acquaintance as much
+at a loss as myself to slay the hour. We were driven by a shower into
+shelter. The rattle of dice was heard within a green-baize-covered door.
+We could not stay for ever shivering on the outside. Fortune favoured
+me; in half an hour I was master of a thousand pounds; it would have
+been obvious folly and ingratitude to check the torrent of success for
+the paltry prospects of an ensigncy. I played on, and won on. The clock
+struck eight. I will own that I trembled as the first sound caught my
+ear. But whether nervous or not, from that instant the torrent was
+checked. The loss and gain became alternate. Wine was brought in; I
+played in furious scorn of consequences. I saw the board covered with
+gold. I swept it into my stake; I soon saw my stake reduced to nothing.
+My eyes were dazzled, my hand shook, my brain was on fire, I sang,
+danced, roared with exultation or despair. How the night closed, I know
+not; but I found myself at last in a narrow room, surrounded with
+squalidness, its only light from a high-barred window, and its only
+furniture the wooden tressel on which I lay, fierce, weary, and
+feverish, as if I lay on the rack. From this couch of the desperate, I
+was carried into the presence of a magistrate, to hear that in the
+_mélée_ of the night before, I had in my rage charged my honest-faced
+acquaintance with palpable cheating; and having made good my charge by
+shewing the loaded dice in his hand, had knocked him down with a
+violence that made his recovery more than doubtful. He had seen my name
+in the Gazette, and had watched me for the express purpose of final
+plunder. The wretch died. I was brought to trial, found guilty of
+manslaughter, and sentenced to seven years' expatriation. Fortunate
+sentence! On my arrival in New South Wales, as I was found a perfect
+gentleman, and fit for nothing, there was no resource but to make me try
+the labour of my hands. Fortunate labour! From six at morning till six
+at night, I had the spade or the plough in my hands. I dragged carts, I
+delved rocks, I hewed trees; I had not a moment to spare. The appetite
+that once grew languid over venison, now felt the exquisite delight of
+junk beef. The thirst that scorned champagne was now enraptured with
+spring water. The sleep that had left me many a night tossing
+within-side the curtains of a hundred-and-fifty-guinea Parisian bed, now
+came on the roughest piece of turf, and made the planks of my cabin
+softer than down. I can now run as fast as one of my Newmarket stud,
+pull down a buffalo, and catch a kangaroo by the tail in fair field.
+Health, vigour, appetite, and activity, are my superabundance now. I
+have every thing but time. My banishment expires to-morrow; but I shall
+never recross the sea. This is my country. Since I set my foot upon its
+shore I have never had a moment to yawn. In this land of real and
+substantial life, the spectre that haunted my joyless days dares not be
+seen--the "hour too many" is no more.
+
+_The Forget-Me-Not_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+MANNERS & CUSTOMS OF ALL NATIONS.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+SELLING MEAT AMONG THE ANCIENT ROMANS, &c.
+
+
+It was the custom for the buyer to shut his eyes, and the seller to hold
+up some of his fingers; if the buyer guessed aright, how many it was the
+other held up, he was to fix the price; if he mistook, the seller was to
+fix it. These classic _blind-bargains_ would not suit the
+Londonbutchers. This custom was abolished by Apronius, the prefect of
+Rome; who in lieu thereof, introduced the method of selling by weight.
+Among the ancient Romans there were three kinds of established butchers,
+viz. two colleges or companies, composed each of a certain number of
+citizens, whose office was to furnish the city with the necessary
+cattle, and to take care of preparing and vending their flesh. One of
+these communities was at first confined to the providing of hogs, whence
+they were called _suarii_; and the other two were charged with cattle,
+especially oxen, whence they were called _pecuarii_, or _boarii_. Under
+each of these was a subordinate class, whose office was to kill,
+prepare, &c. called _lanii_, and sometimes _carnifices_.
+
+Two English poets (Swift and Gay) have been rather severe towards the
+London butchers, the former says,--
+
+  "Hence he learnt the _Butcher's_ guile,
+  How to cut your throat, and smile;
+  Like a _butcher_ doom'd for life,
+  In his mouth to wear his knife."
+
+The latter,--
+
+  ----"resign the way,
+  To shun the surly _butcher's_ greasy tray:
+  _Butchers_, whose hands are died with blood's foul stain,
+  And always foremost in the hangman's train."
+
+The butchers' company was not incorporated until the 3rd year of King
+James I. when they were made a _Corporation_, by the name of master,
+wardens and commonalty of the art and mystery of butchers; yet the
+fraternity is ancient.
+
+Stowe says, "In the 3rd of Richard II. motion was made that no butcher
+should kill any flesh within London, but at Knightsbridge, or such like
+distant place from the walls of the citie."
+
+P.T.W.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+STUMBLING AT THE THRESHOLD.
+
+
+The phrase, "to stumble at the threshold," originated in the
+circumstance, that the old thresholds, or steps under the door, were
+like the hearths, raised a little, so that a person might stumble over
+them, unless proper care were taken. A very whimsical reason for this
+practice is given in a curious little tract by Sir Balthazar Gerbier,
+entitled, "Council and Advice to all Builders," 1663, in these
+words:--"A good surveyor shuns also the ordering of doores with
+stumbling thresholds, though our forefathers affected them, perchance to
+perpetuate the antient custome of bridegroomes, when formerly at their
+return from church they did use to lift up their bride, and to knock her
+head against that of the doore, for a remembrance that she was not to
+pass the threshold of her house without leave."
+
+W.G.C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CHINESE PHYSICIANS.
+
+
+The charitable dispensation of medicines by the Chinese, is well
+deserving notice. They have a stone which is ten cubits high, erected in
+the public squares of their cities; whereon is engraved the name of all
+sorts of medicines, with the price of each, and when the poor stand in
+need of relief from physic, they go to the treasury to receive the price
+each medicine is rated at.
+
+The physicians of China have only to feel the arm of their patient in
+three places, and to observe the rate of the pulse, to form an opinion
+on the cause, nature, danger, and duration of the malady. Without the
+patient speaking at all, they can tell infallibly what part is attacked
+with disease, whether the brain, the heart, the liver, the lungs, the
+intestines, the stomach, the flesh, the bones, and so on. As they are
+both physicians and apothecaries, and prepare their own medicines, they
+are paid only when they effect a cure. If the same rule were introduced
+with us, I fear we should have fewer physicians.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+THE TOPOGRAPHER
+
+
+BOX HILL.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+This celebrated eminence is situated in the north range of chalk hills,
+beginning near Farnham, in Surrey, and extending from thence to
+Folkstone, in Kent. Camden calls it _White Hill_, from its chalky soil;
+but Box Hill is its true and ancient name. The box-tree is, in all
+probability, the natural produce of the soil; but a generally received
+story is, that the box was planted there by Thomas, Earl of Arundel,
+between two and three centuries ago. There is, however, authentic
+evidence of its being here long before his time, for Henry de Buxeto
+(i.e. Henry of Box Hill) and Adam de Buxeto were witnesses to deeds in
+the reign of King John.
+
+John Evelyn, who wrote about the middle of the seventeenth century,
+says, "Box-trees rise naturally at Kent in Bexley; and in Surrey, giving
+name to Box Hill. He that in winter should behold some of our highest
+hills in Surrey, clad with whole woods of them, might easily fancy
+himself transported into some new or enchanted country."
+
+In Aubrey's posthumous work on Surrey, published in 1718, the northern
+part of the hill is described as thickly covered with yew-trees, and the
+southern part with "thick boscages of box-trees," which "yielded a
+convenient privacy for lovers, who frequently meet here, so that it is
+an English Daphne." He also tells us that the gentry often resorted here
+from Ebbesham (_Epsom_), then in high fashion. Philip Luckombe, in his
+"England's Gazetteer," says, on Box Hill "there is a large warren, but
+no houses; only arbours cut out in the box-wood on the top of the hill,
+where are sold refreshments of all sorts, for the ladies and gentlemen
+who come hither to divert themselves in its labyrinths; for which reason
+a certain author has thought fit to call it the Palace of Venus, and the
+Temple of Nature; there being an enchanting prospect from it of a fine
+country, which is scarce to be equalled for affording so surprising and
+magnificent an idea both of earth and sky."
+
+But these delightful retreats, like Arcadia of old, have long since
+vanished. The _yews_ were cut down in the year 1780; and their
+successors fall very short of the luxuriant descriptions of old
+topographers. The _box_ has also at various times produced the
+proprietors of the estate great profit. In 1608, the receipt for
+box-trees cut down upon the sheepwalk on the hill was 50_l_.; in an
+account taken in 1712, it is supposed that as much had been cut down,
+within a few years before, as amounted to 3,000_l_.; and in 1759, a Mr.
+Miller lamented that "the trees on Box Hill had been pretty much
+destroyed; though many remained of considerable bigness."
+
+An immense quantity of box is annually consumed in this country, in the
+revived art of engraving on wood. The English is esteemed inferior to
+that which comes from the Levant; and the American box is said to be
+preferable to ours. But the ships from the Levant brought such
+quantities of it in ballast, that the wood on Box Hill could not find a
+purchaser, and not having been cut for sixty-five years, was growing
+cankered. The war diminished the influx from the Mediterranean; several
+purchasers offered; and in 1795 it was put up to auction at 12,000_l_.
+The depredations made on Box Hill, in consequence of this sale, did not
+injure its picturesque beauty, as twelve years were allowed for cutting,
+which gave each portion a reasonable time to renew. In 1802, forty tons
+were cut, but the market being overstocked, it fell in value more than
+fifty per cent.; and the foreign wood is now universally preferred for
+engravings. The trees on Box Hill are, however, again flourishing,
+although their value is rather problematical.
+
+For the information of the home tourist, perhaps, I ought to mention
+that Box Hill stands about 22 miles on the left of the road from London
+to Worthing, Brighton, and Bognor, and about 2 miles N.E. of the town of
+Dorking. The road from Leatherhead hence is a constant succession of
+hill and dale, richly clothed with wood, interspersed with elegant
+villas in all tastes--from the pillared and plastered mansion, to the
+borrowed charm of the _cottage orne_. The whole of this district is
+called the Vale of _Norbury_, from the romantic domain of that name,
+which extends over a great portion of the hills on the right of the
+road. Shortly before you reach Box Hill, stands _Mickleham_, a little
+village with an ivy-mantled church, rich in Saxon architecture and other
+antiquities. You then descend into a valley, passing some delightful
+meadow scenery, and the showy mansion of Sir Lucas Pepys, which rises
+from a flourishing plantation on the left. In the valley stands Juniper
+Hall, late the seat of Mr. Thomas Broadwood, the piano-forte
+manufacturer. In the park are some of the finest cedars in England. On
+again ascending, you catch a fine view of Box Hill, and the
+amphitheatrical range of opposite hills, with one of the most
+magnificent _parterres_ in nature. This is called, by old writers, the
+_Garden of Surrey_.
+
+You pass some flint-built cottages, and quitting the road here, the
+ascent to Box Hill is gradual and untiring, across a field of little
+slopes, studded with a few yew-trees, relics of by-gone days. The ascent
+further down the road almost amounts to a feat, assisted by the
+foot-worn paces in the chalky steep. Here this portion of the hill
+resembles an immense wall of _viretum_, down whose side has been poured
+liquid mortar. The path winds along the verge of the hill, whilst on the
+left is a valley or little ravine, whose sides are clothed with thick
+dwarfish box, intermingled with the wild and trackless luxuriance of
+forest scenery. Hence the road stretches away to Ashurst, the neat
+residence of Mr. Strahan, the King's printer.
+
+Returning to the verge of the hill, you soon reach the _apex_, or
+highest point, being 445 feet from the level of the Mole.[1] Here you
+enjoy what the French call a _coup d'oeil_, or I would rather say, _a
+bird's-eye view_, of unparalleled beauty. Taking the town of Dorking for
+a resting point, the long belt is about twelve miles in extent. The
+outline or boundary commences from the eminence on which I am supposed
+to be standing--with Brockham Hill, whose steep was planted by the late
+duke of Norfolk, and whence the chain extends away towards the great
+Brighton road. Next in the curve are Betchworth Castle and Park, with
+majestic avenues of limes and elms, and fine old chestnut-trees.
+Adjoining, is the Deepdene, the classical seat of the author of
+"Anastasius," a place, says Salmon, "well calculated for the religious
+rites of the Celts," and consecrated by the philosophical pursuits of
+the Hon. Charles Howard, who built an oratory and laboratory, and died
+here in 1714. Next are several fir-crowned ridges, which shelter Bury
+Hill, the mansion of Mr. Barclay, the opulent brewer; whence you ascend
+the opposite line of hills, till you reach Denbies, nearly facing the
+most prominent point of Box Hill. This elegant seat is the abode of Mr.
+Denison, one of the county members, and brother of the Marchioness of
+Conyngham. The second range or ledge, beneath Denbies, is the celebrated
+Dorking lime-works. The transition to the Norbury Hills, already
+mentioned, is now very short, which completes the outline of the view.
+It should, however, be remarked that the scenery within this range can
+be distinctly enjoyed without the aid of art; whilst beyond it the
+prospect extends, and fades away in the South Downs on one hand, and
+beyond the metropolis on the other.
+
+The little _parterre_ to be described, includes the sheltered town of
+Dorking, environed with rich lawny slopes, variegated with villas in the
+last taste; and little heights, from whose clustering foliage peeps the
+cottage roof of humble life. But the Paradise immediately at the foot of
+Box Hill is the gem of the whole scene, and is one of the most perfect
+pictures of rural beauty which pen or pencil can attempt. It appears
+like an assemblage of every rural charm in a few acres, in whose
+disposal nature has done much, and art but little. Park, lawn, woody
+walk, slope, wilderness and dell are among its varieties; and its quiet
+is only broken by the sluggish stream of the Mole. Adjoining is a little
+inn, more like one of the picturesque _auberges_ of the continent than
+an English house of cheer. The grounds are ornamented with rustic
+alcoves, boscages, and a bowery walk, all in good taste. Here hundreds
+of tourists pass a portion of "the season," as in a "loop-hole of
+retreat." In the front of the inn, however, the stream of life glides
+fast; and a little past it, the road crosses the Mole by Burford Bridge,
+and winds with geometrical accuracy through the whole of this hasty
+sketch.
+
+PHILO.
+
+    [1] Here is a stump of wood which denotes the grave of Major
+    Labelliere, a deranged officer of the Marines, who, by his own
+    request was buried on this spot, with his head downwards; it
+    being a constant assertion with him, "that the world was turned
+    topsy-turvy, and, therefore, at the end he should be right."
+
+    From this point may be seen _Leith Hill_, with an old prospect
+    tower, within which are interred the remains of another
+    eccentric gentleman who died in the neighbourhood. In the road
+    from Dorking thence is _Wotton_, the family seat of the Evelyns.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+NOTES OF A READER
+
+
+THE UNIVERSAL PRAYER AND OTHER POEMS.
+
+
+We usually leave criticism to the _grey-beards_, or such as have passed
+the _viginti annorum lucubrationes_ of reviewing. It kindles so many
+little heart-burnings and jealousies, that we rejoice it is not part of
+our duty. To be sure, we sometimes take up a book in real earnest, read
+it through, and have _our say_ upon its merits; but this is only a
+gratuitous and occasional freak, just to keep up our oracular
+consequence. In the present case, we do not feel disposed to exercise
+this privilege, further than in a very few words--merely to say that Mr.
+Robert Montgomery has published a volume of Poems under the above
+title--that the poems are of unequal merit, and that like Virgil, his
+excellence lies in describing scenes of darkness.
+
+The "Universal Prayer" is a devotional outpouring of a truly poetical
+soul, with as much new imagery as the subject would admit; and if
+_scriptural_ poems be estimated in the ratio of _scriptural_ sermons,
+the merit of the former is of the first order.[2]
+
+From the other poems we have detached the following beautiful
+specimens:--
+
+CONSUMPTION.
+
+  With step as noiseless as the summer air,
+  Who comes in beautiful decay?--her eyes
+  Dissolving with a feverish glow of light,
+  Her nostrils delicately closed, and on
+  Her cheek a rosy tint, as if the tip
+  Of Beauty's finger faintly press'd it there,--
+  Alas! Consumption is her name.
+  Thou loved and loving one!
+  From the dark languish of thy liquid eye,
+  So exquisitely rounded, darts a ray
+  Of truth, prophetic of thine early doom;
+  And on thy placid cheek there is a print
+  Of death,--the beauty of consumption there.
+  Few note that fatal bloom; for bless'd by all,
+  Thou movest through thy noiseless sphere, the life,
+  Of one,--the darling of a thousand hearts.
+  Yet in the chamber, o'er some graceful task
+  When delicately bending, oft unseen,
+  Thy mother marks then with that musing glance
+  That looks through cunning time, and sees thee stretch'd
+  A shade of being, shrouded for the tomb.
+  The Day is come, led gently on by Death;
+  With pillow'd head all gracefully reclined,
+  And grape-like curls in languid clusters wreath'd,
+  Within a cottage room she sits to die;
+  Where from the window, in a western view,
+  Majestic ocean rolls.--A summer eve
+  Shines o'er the earth, and all the glowing air
+  Stirs faintly, like a pulse; against the shore
+  The waves unrol them with luxurious joy,
+  While o'er the midway deep she looks, where like
+  A sea god glares the everlasting Sun
+  O'er troops of billows marching in his beam!--
+  From earth to heaven, from heaven to earth, her eyes
+  Are lifted, bright with wonder and with awe,
+  Till through each vein reanimation rolls!
+  'Tis past; and now her filmy glance is fix'd
+  Upon the heavens, as though her spirit gazed
+  On that immortal world, to which 'tis bound:
+  The sun hath sunk.--her soul hath fled without
+  A pang, and left her lovely in her death,
+  And beautiful as an embodied dream.
+
+MORTALITY.
+
+  All that we love and feel on Nature's face,
+  Bear dim relations to our common doom.
+  The clouds that blush, and die a beamy death,
+  Or weep themselves away in rain,--the streams
+  That flow along in dying music,--leaves
+  That fade, and drop into the frosty arms
+  Of Winter, there to mingle with dead flowers,--
+  Are all prophetic of our own decay.
+
+BEAUTY
+
+  How oft, as unregarded on a throng
+  Of lovely creatures, in whose liquid eyes
+  The heart-warm feelings bathe, I've look'd
+  With all a Poet's passion, and have wish'd
+  That years might never pluck their graceful smiles--
+  How often Death, as with a viewless wand,
+  Has touch'd the scene, and witch'd it to a tomb!
+  Where Beauty dwindled to a ghastly wreck,
+  And spirits of the Future seem'd to cry,--
+  Thus will it be when Time has wreak'd revenge.
+
+MELANCHOLY.
+
+  When mantled with the melancholy glow
+  Of eve, she wander'd oft: and when the wind,
+  Like a stray infant down autumnal dales
+  Roam'd wailingly, she loved to mourn and muse:
+  To commune with the lonely orphan flowers,
+  And through sweet Nature's ruin trace her own.
+
+VISION OF HEAVEN.
+
+  An empyrean infinitely vast
+  And irridescent, roof'd with rainbows, whose
+  Transparent gleams like water-shadows shone,
+  Before me lay: Beneath this dazzling vault--
+  I felt, but cannot paint the splendour there!
+  Glory, beyond the wonder of the heart
+  To dream, around interminably blazed.
+  A spread of fields more beautiful than skies
+  Flush'd with the flowery radiance of the west;
+  Valleys in greenest glory, deck'd with trees
+  That trembled music to the ambrosial airs
+  That chanted round them,--vein'd with glossy streams,
+  That gush'd, like feelings from a raptured soul:
+  Such was the scenery;--with garden walks,
+  Delight of angels and the blest, where flowers
+  Perennial bloom, and leaping fountains breathe,
+  Like melted gems, a gleaming mist around!
+  Here fruits for ever ripe, on radiant boughs,
+  Droop temptingly; here all that eye and heart
+  Enrapts, in pure perfection is enjoy'd;
+  And here o'er flowing paths with agate paved,
+  Immortal Shapes meander and commune.
+  While with permissive gaze I glanced the scene,
+  A whelming tide of rich-toned music roll'd,
+  Waking delicious echoes, as it wound
+  From Melody's divinest fount! All heaven
+  Glow'd bright, as, like a viewless river, swell'd
+  The deepening music!--Silence came again!
+  And where I gazed, a shrine of cloudy fire
+  Flamed redly awful; round it Thunder walk'd,
+  And from it Lightning look'd out most sublime!
+  Here throned in unimaginable bliss
+  And glory, sits The One Eternal Power,
+  Creator, Lord, and Life of All: Again,
+  Stillness ethereal reign'd, and forth appear'd
+  Elysian creatures robed in fleecy light,
+  Together flocking from celestial haunts,
+  And mansions of purpureal mould; the Host
+  Of heaven assembled to adore with harp
+  And hymn, the First and Last, the Living God;
+  They knelt,--a universal choir, and glow'd
+  More beauteous while they breathed the chant divine,
+  And Hallelujah! Hallelujah! peal'd,
+  And thrill'd the concave with harmonious joy.
+
+VISION OF HELL.
+
+  Apart, upon a throne of living fire
+  The Fiend was seated; in his eye there shone
+  The look that dared Omnipotence; the light
+  Of sateless vengeance, and sublime despair.--
+  He sat amid a burning world, and saw
+  Tormented myriads, whose blaspheming shrieks
+  Were mingled with the howl of hidden floods,
+  And Acherontine groans; of all the host,
+  The only dauntless he. As o'er the wild
+  He glanced, the pride of agony endured
+  Awoke, and writhed through all his giant frame,
+  That redden'd, and dilated, like a sun!
+  Till moved by some remember'd bliss, or joy
+  Of paradisal hours, or to supply
+  The cravings of infernal wrath,--he bade
+  The roar of Hell be hush'd,--and silence was!
+  He called the cursed,--and they flash'd from cave
+  And wild--from dungeon and from den they came,
+  And stood an unimaginable mass
+  Of spirits, agonized with burning pangs:
+  In silence stood they, while the Demon gazed
+  On all, and communed with departed Time,
+  From whence his vengeance such a harvest reap'd.
+
+BEAUTIFUL INFLUENCES.
+
+  Who hath not felt the magic of a voice,--
+  Its spirit haunt him in romantic hours?
+  Who hath not heard from Melody's own lips
+  Sounds that become a music to his mind?--
+  Music is heaven! and in the festive dome,
+  When throbs the lyre, as if instinct with life,
+  And some sweet mouth is full of song,--how soon
+  A rapture flows from eye to eye, from heart
+  To heart--while floating from the past, the forms
+  We love are recreated, and the smile
+  That lights the cheek is mirror'd on the heart!
+  So beautiful the influence of sound,
+  There is a sweetness in the homely chime
+  Of village bells: I love to hear them roll
+  Upon the breeze; like voices from the dead,
+  They seem to hail us from a viewless world.
+
+    [2] We know a reverend vicar who once took the trouble to count
+    all the quotations from Scripture, which occurred in a charity
+    sermon he had just printed: and his great satisfaction at the
+    conclusion was, that his was indeed "a scriptural sermon."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PERSECUTION OF THE JEWS.
+
+
+We know it to be a fact, that a Jew, an artist of reputation, who had
+conceived a great confidence in a Christian engaged in the promotion of
+the conversion of the Israelites, revealed to him, that both he and his
+brother had been Christians from their childhood from having been bred
+up amongst Christians, but were too indignant at the treatment which
+they and their brethren met with at Christian hands, to profess
+Christianity; and he earnestly pleaded, as essential to their being
+induced to receive the gospel, that those who participate in the attempt
+should approach them with a language of decided affection for
+Israel.--_Q. Rev._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ABSENTEES
+
+
+Soon become detached from all habitual employments and duties; the
+salutary feeling of home is lost; early friendships are dissevered, and
+life becomes a vague and restless state, freed, it may seem, from many
+ties, but yet more destitute of the better and purer pleasures of
+existence.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ITINERANT OPERAS.
+
+
+The first performance of the _opera seria_ at Rome, in 1606, consisted
+of scenes in recitative and airs, exhibited in a _cart_ during the
+carnival.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE GAMUT.
+
+
+Guido D'Arezzo, a monk of the 13th century, in the solitude of his
+convent, made the grand discovery of counterpoint, or the science of
+harmony, as distinguished from melody; he also invented the present
+system of notation, and gave those names to the sounds of the diatonic
+scale still in use:--_ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si_; these being the
+first syllables of the first six lines of a hymn to St. John the
+Baptist, written in monkish Latin; and they seem to have been adopted
+without any special reason, from the caprice of the musician.--_Foreign
+Rev._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+It is said that the first church was erected at Glastonbury; and this
+tradition may seem to deserve credit, because it was not contradicted in
+those ages when other churches would have found it profitable to advance
+a similar pretension. The building is described as a rude structure of
+wicker-work, like the dwellings of the people in those days, and
+differing from them only in its dimensions, which were threescore feet
+in length, and twenty-six in breadth. An abbey was afterwards erected
+there, one of the finest of those edifices, and one of the most
+remarkable for the many interesting circumstances connected with it. The
+destruction of this beautiful and venerable fabric is one of the crimes
+by which our reformation was sullied.--_Southey_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+GHOST STORY, BY M.G. LEWIS.
+
+
+A gentleman journeying towards the house of a friend, who lived on the
+skirts of an extensive forest, in the east of Germany, lost his way. He
+wandered for some time among the trees, when he saw a light at a
+distance. On approaching it he was surprised to observe that it
+proceeded from the interior of a ruined monastery. Before he knocked at
+the gate he thought it proper to look through the window. He saw a
+number of cats assembled round a small grave, four of whom were at that
+moment letting down a coffin with a crown upon it. The gentleman
+startled at this unusual sight, and, imagining that he had arrived at
+the retreats of fiends or witches, mounted his horse and rode away with
+the utmost precipitation. He arrived at his friend's house at a late
+hour, who sat up waiting for him. On his arrival his friend questioned
+him as to the cause of the traces of agitation visible in his face. He
+began to recount his adventures after much hesitation, knowing that it
+was scarcely possible that his friend should give faith to his relation.
+No sooner had he mentioned the coffin with the crown upon it, than his
+friend's cat, who seemed to have been lying asleep before the fire,
+leaped up, crying out, "Then I am king of the cats;" and then scrambled
+up the chimney, and was never seen more.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+RIDICULOUS MISTAKE.
+
+
+A quantity of Worcestershire china being sent to the _Nawaab_ at
+Lucknow, in India, from England, he was as impatient to open it as a
+child would be with a new plaything; and immediately gave orders for
+invitations to be sent to the whole settlement for a breakfast, _à la
+fourchette_, next morning. Tables were accordingly spread for upwards of
+a hundred persons, including his ministers and officers of state.
+Nothing could be more splendid than the general appearance of this
+entertainment; but the dismay may be more easily imagined than
+described, on discovering that the servants had mistaken certain
+utensils for milk-bowls, and had actually placed about twenty of them,
+filled with that beverage, along the centre of the table. The
+consequence was, the English part of the company declined taking any;
+upon which the _Nawaab_ innocently remarked, "I thought that the English
+were fond of milk." Some of them had much difficulty to keep their
+countenances.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS
+
+
+ENGLISH COUNTRY LIFE.
+
+
+The country seats of England form, indeed, one of the most remarkable
+features, not only in English landscape, but yet more in what may be
+termed the genius and economy of English manners. Their great number
+throughout the country, the varied grandeur and beauty of their parks
+and gardens, the extent, magnificence, and various architecture of the
+houses, the luxurious comfort and completeness of their internal
+arrangements, and their relation generally to the character of the
+peasantry surrounding them, justify fully the expression we have used.
+No where has this mode of life attained so high a degree of perfection
+and refinement. We will allude to two circumstances, amongst many
+others, in illustration. The first of these is, the very great number of
+valuable libraries belonging to our family seats. It has been sometimes
+remarked as singular, that England should possess so few great public
+libraries, while a poorer country, like Germany, can boast of its
+numerous and vast collections at Vienna, Prague, Munich, Stutgard,
+Goettingen, Wolfenbuttel, &c. The fact is partly explained by the many
+political divisions and capitals, and by the number of universities in
+Germany. But a further explanation may be found in the innumerable
+private libraries dispersed throughout England--many of them equal to
+public ones in extent and value, and most of them well furnished in
+classics, and in English and French literature.
+
+The other peculiarity we would name about our English country-houses is,
+that they do not insulate their residents from the society and business
+of active life; which insulation is probably a cause, why so many
+proprietors in other countries pass their whole time in the metropolis
+or larger towns. The facility and speed of communication in England link
+together all places, however remote, and all interests, political and
+social, of the community. The country gentleman, sitting at his
+breakfast table a hundred miles from London, receives the newspapers
+printed there the night before; his books come to him still damp from
+the press; and the debates in parliament travel to every country-house
+in England within fifty or sixty hours of the time when they have taken
+place. The like facility exists as to provincial interests of every
+kind. The nobleman or country gentleman is a public functionary within
+his district, and no man residing on his estates is, or need feel
+himself, unimportant to the community. _Quarterly Rev._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FLOWERS.
+
+
+When summer's delightful season arrives, rarely in this country too warm
+to be enjoyed throughout the day in the open air, there is nothing more
+grateful than a profusion of choice flowers around and within our
+dwellings. The humblest apartments ornamented with these beautiful
+productions of nature have, in my view, a more delightful effect than
+the proudest saloons with gilded ceilings and hangings of Genoa velvet.
+The richness of the latter, indeed, would be heightened, and their
+elegance increased, by the judicious introduction of flowers and foliage
+into them. The odour of flowers, the cool appearance of the dark green
+leaves of some species, and the beautiful tints and varied forms of
+others, are singularly grateful to the sight, and refreshing at the same
+time. Vases of Etruscan mould, containing plants of the commonest kind,
+offer those lines of beauty which the eye delights in following; and
+variform leaves hanging festooned over them, and shading them if they be
+of a light colour, with a soft grateful hue, add much to their pleasing
+effect. These decorations are simple and cheap.
+
+Lord Bacon, whose magnificence of mind exempts him from every objection
+as a model for the rest of mankind, (in all but the unfortunate error to
+which, perhaps, his sordid pursuit in life led him, to the degradation
+of his nobler intellect), was enthusiastically attached to flowers, and
+kept a succession of them about him in his study and at his table. Now
+the union of books and flowers is more particularly agreeable. Nothing,
+in my view, is half so delightful as a library set off with these
+beautiful productions of the earth during summer, or indeed, any other
+season of the year. A library or study, opening on green turf, and
+having the view of a distant rugged country, with a peep at the ocean
+between hills, a small fertile space forming the nearest ground, and an
+easy chair and books, is just as much of local enjoyment as a thinking
+man can desire--I reck not if under a thatched or slated roof, to me it
+is the same thing. A favourite author on my table, in the midst of my
+bouquets, and I speedily forget how the rest of the world wags. I fancy
+I am enjoying nature and art together, a consummation of luxury that
+never palls upon the appetite--a dessert of uncloying sweets.
+
+Madame Roland seems to have felt very strongly the union of mental
+pleasure with that afforded to the senses by flowers. She somewhere
+says, "La vûe d'une fleur carresse mon imagination et flatte mes sens à
+un point inexprimable; elle réveille avec volupté le sentiment de mon
+existence. Sous le tranquil abri du toit paternel, j'étois heureuse des
+enfance avec des fleurs et des livres; dans l'étroite enciente d'une
+prison, au milieu des fers imposés par la tyrannie la plus revoltante,
+j'oublie l'injustice des hommes, leurs sottises, et mes maux, avec des
+livres et des fleurs." These pleasures, however, are too simple to be
+universally felt.
+
+There is something delightful in the use which the eastern poets,
+particularly the Persian, make of flowers in their poetry. Their
+allusions are not casual, and in the way of metaphor and simile only;
+they seem really to hold them in high admiration. I am not aware that
+the flowers of Persia, except the rose, are more beautiful or more
+various than those of other countries. Perhaps England, including her
+gardens, green-houses, and fields, having introduced a vast variety from
+every climate, may exhibit a list unrivalled, as a whole, in odour and
+beauty. Yet flowers are not with us held in such high estimation as
+among the Orientals, if we are to judge from their poets.
+
+Bowers of roses and flowers are perpetually alluded to in the writings
+of eastern poets. The Turks, and indeed the Orientals in general, have
+few images of voluptuousness without the richest flowers contributing
+towards them. The noblest palaces, where gilding, damask, and fine
+carpeting abound, would be essentially wanting in luxury without
+flowers. It cannot be from their odour alone that they are thus
+identified with pleasure; it is from their union of exquisite hues,
+fragrance, and beautiful forms, that they raise a sentiment of
+voluptuousness, in the mind; for whatever unites these qualities can
+scarcely do otherwise.
+
+Whoever virtuously despises the opinion that simple and cheap pleasures,
+not only good, but in the very best taste, are of no value because they
+want a meretricious rarity, will fill their apartments with a succession
+of our better garden flowers. It has been said that flowers placed in
+bedrooms are not wholesome. This cannot be meant of such as are in a
+state of vegetation. Plucked and put into water, they quickly decay, and
+doubtless, give out a putrescent air; when alive and growing, there need
+not be any danger apprehended from them, provided fresh air is
+frequently introduced. For spacious rooms, the better kinds, during warm
+weather, are those which have a large leaf and bossy flower. Large
+leaves have a very agreeable effect on the senses; their rich green is
+grateful to the sight; of this kind, the Hydrangaea is remarkably well
+adapted for apartments, but it requires plenty of water. Those who have
+a greenhouse connected with their dwellings, have the convenience, by
+management, of changing their plants as the flowers decay; those who
+have not, and yet have space to afford them light and occasionally air,
+may rear most of those kinds under their own roof, which may be applied
+for ornament in summer. Vases of plaster, modelled from the antique, may
+be stained any colour most agreeable to the fancy, and fitted with tin
+cases to contain the earthen pots of flowers, to prevent the damp from
+acting on them, will look exceedingly well.
+
+The infinite variety of roses, including the Guelder Rose; the
+Rhododendron, and other plants of similar growth, are fitted for the
+saloon, but they please best in the library. They should be intermingled
+with the bookcases, and stands filled with them should be placed
+wherever practicable. They are a wonderful relief to the student. There
+is always about them a something that infuses a sensation of placid joy,
+cheering and refreshing. Perhaps they were first introduced at
+festivals, in consequence of their possessing this quality. A flower
+garden is the scene of pleasurable feelings of innocence and elegance.
+The introduction of flowers into our rooms infuses the same sensations,
+but intermingles them more with our domestic comforts; so that we feel,
+as it were, in closer contact with them. The succession might be kept up
+for the greater part of the year; and even in winter, evergreens will
+supply their places, and, in some respects, contrast well with the
+season. Many fail in preserving the beauty of plants in their
+apartments, because they do not give them sufficient light. Some species
+do well with much less light than others. Light is as necessary to them
+as air. They should not be too often shifted from one place to another.
+Those who will take the trouble, may quicken the growth of some plants,
+so as to have spring flowers in winter. Thus Autumn and Spring might be
+connected; and flowers blooming in the Winter of our gloomy climate
+possess double attraction.
+
+In the flower garden alcove, books are doubly grateful. As in the
+library ornamented with flowers they seem to be more enjoyed, so their
+union there is irresistibly attracting. To enjoy reading under such
+circumstances most, works of imagination are preferable to abstract
+subjects. Poetry and romance--"De Vere" and "Pelham"--lighter history--
+the lively letters of the French school, like those of Sevigné and
+others--or natural history--these are best adapted to peruse amidst
+sweets and flowers: in short, any species of writing that does not keep
+the mind too intently fixed to allow the senses to wander occasionally
+over the scene around, and catch the beauty of the rich vegetation. To
+me the enjoyment derived from the union of books and flowers is of the
+very highest value among pleasurable sensations.
+
+For my own part, I manage very well without the advantage of a
+greenhouse. The evergreens serve me in winter. Then the Lilacs come in,
+followed by the Guelder Rose and Woodbine, the latter trained in a pot
+upon circular trellis-work. After this there can be no difficulty in
+choosing, as the open air offers every variety. I arrange all my library
+and parlour-plants in a room in my dwelling-house facing the south,
+having a full portion of light, and a fireplace. I promote the growth of
+my flowers for the early part of the year by steam-warmth, and having
+large tubs and boxes of earth, I am at no loss, in my humble
+conservatory, for flowers of many kinds when our climate offers none.
+The trouble attending them is all my own, and is one of those
+employments which never appear laborious. Those who have better
+conveniences may proceed on a larger scale; but I contrive to keep up a
+due succession, which to a floral epicure is every thing. To be a day in
+the year without seeing a flower is a novelty to me, and I am persuaded
+much more might be done with my humble means than I have effected, had I
+sufficient leisure to attend to the retarding or forcing them. I cover
+every space in my sitting-room with these beautiful fairy things of
+creation, and take so much delight in the sight of them, that I cannot
+help recommending those of limited incomes, like myself, to follow my
+example and be their own nurserymen. The rich might easily obtain them
+without; but what they procure by gold, the individual of small means
+must obtain by industry. I know there are persons to whom the flowers of
+Paradise would be objects of indifference; but who can imitate, or envy
+such? They are grovellers, whose coarseness of taste is only fitted for
+the grossest food of life. The pleasures "des Fleurs et des Livres" are,
+as Henry IV. observed of his child, "the property of all the world."
+
+_New Monthly Magazine._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PRINCIPLES OF BLACKWOOD'S MAGAZINE.
+
+
+_Shepherd_. (_Standing up_.) It's on principles like these--boldly and
+unblushingly avoo'd here--in Mr. Awmrose's paper-parlour, at the
+conclusion o' the sixth brodd, on the evening o' Monday the 22nd o'
+September, Anno Domini aughteen hunder and twunty-aught, within twa
+hours o' midnicht--that you, sir, have been yeditin' a Maggasin that has
+gone out to the uttermost corners o' the yerth, wherever civilization or
+uncivilization is known, deludin' and distracktin' men and women folk,
+till it's impossible for them to ken their right hand frae their left--
+or whether they're standin' on their heels or their heads--or what byeuk
+ought to be perused, and what byeuk puttin intil the bottom o' pye-
+dishes, and trunks--or what awthor hissed, or what awthor hurraa'd--or
+what's flummery and what's philosophy--or what's rant and what's
+religion--or what's monopoly and what's free tredd--or wha's poets or
+wha's but Pats--or whether it's best to be drunk, or whether it's best
+to be sober a' hours o' the day and nicht--or if there should be rich
+church establishments as in England, or poor kirk ones as in Scotland--
+or whether the Bishop o' Canterbury, wi' twenty thousan' a-year, is mair
+like a primitive Christian than the Minister o' Kirkintulloch wi' twa
+hunder and fifty--or if folk should aye be readin' sermons or fishin'
+for sawmon--or if it's best to marry or best to burn--or if the national
+debt hangs like a millstone round the neck o' the kintra or like a chain
+o' blae-berries--or if the Millennium be really close at haun'--or the
+present Solar System be calculated to last to a' eternity--or whether
+the people should be edicated up to the highest pitch o' perfection, or
+preferably to be all like trotters through the Bog o' Allen--or whether
+the government should subsedeeze foreign powers, or spend a' its sillar
+on oursells--or whether the Blacks and the Catholics should be
+emancipawted or no afore the demolition o' Priests and Obis--or whether
+(God forgie us baith for the hypothesis) man has a mortal or an immortal
+sowl--be a Phoenix--or an Eister!--_From the Noctes_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CURSES OF ABSENTEEISM.
+
+
+What is the condition of the country-seat of the absentee proprietor?
+The mansion-house deserted and closed; the approaches to it ragged and
+grass grown; the chimneys, "those windpipes of good hospitality," as an
+old English poet calls them, giving no token of the cheerful fire
+within; the gardens running to waste, or, perchance, made a source of
+menial profit; the old family servants dismissed, and some rude bailiff,
+or country attorney, ruling paramount in the place. The surrounding
+cottagers, who have derived their support from the vicinage, deprived of
+this, pass into destitution and wretchedness; either abandoning their
+homes, throwing themselves upon parish relief, or seeking provision by
+means yet more desperate. The farming tenantry, though less immediately
+dependent, yet all partake, more or less, in the evil. The charities and
+hospitalities which belong to such a mansion lie dormant; the clergyman
+is no longer supported and aided in his important duties; the family pew
+in the church is closed; and the village churchyard ceases to be a place
+of pleasant meeting, where the peasant's heart is gladdened by the
+kindly notice of his landlord.
+
+It is the struggle against retrenchment, the "paupertatis pudor et
+fuga," which has caused hundreds of English families, of property and
+consideration, to desert their family places, and to pass year after
+year in residence abroad. At the close of each London season, the
+question too often occurs as to the best mode of evading return to the
+country; and the sun of summer, instead of calling back the landlord to
+his tenants, and to the harvests of his own lands, sends him forth to
+the meagre adventures of continental roads and inns.--_Quarterly Rev._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SOLILOQUY.
+
+THE KING OF DARKNESS.
+
+_On the Fallen Angels._
+
+
+  They're gone to ply their ineffectual labour,--
+  To sow in guilt what they must reap in woe,--
+  Heaping upon themselves more deep damnation.
+  Thus would I have it.--Little once I thought,
+  When leagued with me in crime and punishment
+  They fell,--condemned to an eternity
+  Of exile from all joy and holiness--
+  And the first stains of sinfulness and sorrow
+  Fell blight-like o'er their cherub lineaments--
+  Myself the cause--Albeit too proud for tears,
+  Yet touch'd with their sad doom, I little thought
+  I e'er should hate them thus.--Yet thus I hate them,
+  With all that bitter agony of soul
+  Which is the punishment of fiends. Alas!
+  It was my high ambition, to hold sway,
+  Sole, paramount, unquestion'd, o'er a third
+  Of Heaven's resplendent legions:--Power and glory
+  Dwelt on them, like an elemental essence
+  That could not be destroyed.--I could not deem
+  That aught could so extinguish the pure fire
+  Of their sun-like beauty--yet 'tis changed!--
+  I gain'd them to my wish, and they are grown
+  Too hateful to be look'd on.--Thus I've seen
+  The frail fair dupe of amorous perfidy,
+  The victim of a smile,--by man beguiled--
+  Won to debasement, and then left in loathing:--
+  Alas! I cannot leave my fatal conquest!--
+  Man! would I were the humblest mortal wretch,
+  That crawls beneath yon shadowing temple's tower,
+  Under the sky of Canaan; so I might
+  Lay down this weight of sceptred misery,
+  And fly for ever from myself and these!
+  But Pride reproves the wish; and--it is useless;
+  The unatonable deeds of ages rise
+  Like clouds between me and the throne of Grace.
+  I may not hope,--or fear,--still unsubdued,
+  As when I ruled the anarchy of Heaven,
+  I stand in Fate's despite,--firm and impassive
+  To all that Chance, and Time, and Ruin bring.
+  --In that disastrous day, when this vast world
+  Shall, like a tempest-shaken edifice,
+  Rock into giant fractures--as the sound
+  Of the Archangel's trump, upon the deep,
+  Bids fall the bonds of nature, to let forth
+  Destruction's formless fiend from world to world,
+  Trampling the stars to darkness,--Even then,
+  Like that proud Roman exile, musing o'er
+  The dust of fallen Carthage, I shall stand,
+  Myself a solemn wreck, calm and unmoved
+  Among the ruins of the works of God.
+  And my last look shall be a look of triumph
+  O'er the fallen pillars of the deep and sky;
+  The wreck of nature by my deeds prepared--
+  Deeds--which o'erpay the power of Destiny.
+
+_Blackwood's Magazine._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+THE GATHERER.
+
+  "A snapper-up of unconsidered trifles."
+
+  SHAKSPEARE.
+
+
+ON A PICTURE OF HERO AND LEANDER.
+
+_By T. Hood_.
+
+
+    Why, Lover, why
+  Such a water-rover?
+  Would she love thee more
+  For coming _half seas over_?
+
+    Why, Lady, why
+  So in love with dipping?
+  Must a lad of _Greece_
+  Come all over _dripping_?
+
+    Why, Cupid, why
+  Make the passage brighter?
+  Were not any boat
+  Better than a _lighter_?
+
+    Why, Maiden, why
+  So intrusive standing?
+  Must thou be on the stair,
+  When he's on the _landing_?
+
+_The Gem._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+On a tombstone in the churchyard of Christchurch, Hants, is the
+following curious inscription, which I copied on the spot. Perhaps some
+of your numerous readers can explain the same:--
+
+    WE WERE NOT SLAYNE BVT RAYSD
+    RAYSD NOT TO LIFE
+    BVT TO BE BVRIED TWICE
+    BY MEN OF STRIFE
+
+    WHAT REST COVLD'TH LIVING HAVE
+    WHEN DEAD HAD NONE
+    AGREE AMONGST YOV
+    HERE WE TEN ARE ONE
+    HEN: ROGERS DIED APRILL 17, 1641.
+               I R.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+EPICURISM.
+
+
+Thomas a Becket gave five pounds, equivalent to seventy-five pounds of
+the present money, for a dish of eels.
+
+HALBERT H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+A famous scholar of the last century, when a boy, was exceedingly fond
+of the Greek language, and after he had been a short time at school, had
+acquired so much of the sound of the language, that when at home at
+dinner one day his father said, "Shall you not be glad, Harry, when you
+can tell me the names of every dish on the table in Greek?" "Yes," said
+he; "but I think I know what it must be." "Do you?" said the father;
+"what do you know about Greek?"--"Nothing," said the boy; "but I think I
+can guess from the sound of it what it would be." "Well, say then," said
+the father. He quickly replied, "Shouldromoton, alphagous, pasti-
+venizon." It appears the dinner consisted of a shoulder of mutton, half
+a goose, and venison pasty.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SNUFF AND TOBACCO.
+
+
+In the year 1797, was circulated the following proposals for publishing
+by subscription, a History of Snuff and Tobacco, in Two Volumes:--
+
+Vol. 1.--To contain a description of the nose--size of noses--a
+digression on Roman noses--whether long noses are symptomatic--origin of
+tobacco--tobacco first manufactured into snuff--inquiry who took the
+first pinch--essay on sneezing--whether the ancients sneezed, and at
+what--origin of pocket handkerchiefs--discrimination between snuffing
+and taking snuff; the former only applied to candles--parliamentary
+snuff-takers--troubles in the time of Charles I. as connected with
+smoking.
+
+Vol. 2.--Snuff-takers in the parliamentary army--wit at a pinch--oval
+snuff-boxes first used by the roundheads--manufacture of tobacco
+pipes--dissertation on pipe-clay--state of snuff during the
+commonwealth--the union--Scotch snuff first introduced--found very
+pungent and penetrating--accession of George II.--snuff-boxes then made
+of gold and silver--George III.--Scotch snuff first introduced at
+court--the queen, German snuffs in fashion--female snuff-takers--clean
+tuckers, & c. &c--Index and List of Subscribers.
+
+C.F.E.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE "ILL WIND," &c.
+
+
+  In debt, deserted, and forlorn,
+    A melancholy elf
+  Resolved, upon a Monday morn,
+    To go and hang himself.
+  He reach'd the tree, when lo! he views
+    A pot of gold conceal'd;
+  He snatch'd it up, threw down the noose,
+    And scamper'd from the field.
+  The owner came--found out the theft,
+    And, having scratch'd his head,
+  Took up the rope the other left,
+    And hung himself, instead.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+OLD COOKERY.
+
+
+Gastronomers will feel a natural desire to know what was considered the
+"best universal sauce in the world," in the boon days of Charles II., at
+least what was accounted such, by the Duke of York, who was instructed
+to prepare it by the Spanish ambassador. It consisted of parsley, and a
+dry toast pounded in a mortar, with vinegar, salt, and pepper. The
+modern English would no more relish his royal highness's taste in
+condiments than in religion. A fashionable or cabinet dinner of the same
+period consisted of "a dish of marrow-bones, a leg of mutton, a dish of
+fowl, three pullets, and a dozen larks, all in a dish; a great tart, a
+neat's tongue, a dish of anchovies, a dish of prawns, and cheese." At
+the same period, a supper-dish, when the king supped with his mistress,
+Lady Castlemaine, was "a chine of beef roasted."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+OLD EPITAPH.
+
+
+  As I was, so are ye,
+  As I am, you shall be.
+  That I had, that I gave,
+  That I gave, that I have.
+  Thus I end all my cost,
+  That I left, that I lost.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+IMPROMPTU TO ----, ON HER MARRIAGE WITH MR. WILLIAM  P----.
+
+
+    When ladies they wed,
+    It ever is said
+  That their _freedom_ away they have thrown;
+    But you've not done so,
+    For we very well know
+  You will have a _Will_ of your own.
+
+C.K.W.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PAINTERS.
+
+
+Lavater affirms, that no one whose person is not well formed can become
+a good physiognomist. Those painters were the best whose persons were
+the handsomest. Reubens, Vandyke, and Raphael possessed three gradations
+of beauty, and possessed three gradations of painting.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ELYSIAN SOUP.
+
+
+The French have a soup which they call "_Potage a la Camerani_" of which
+it is said "a single spoonful will lap the palate in Elysium; and while
+one drop remains on the tongue, each other sense is eclipsed by the
+voluptuous thrilling of the lingual nerves!"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+A JAPANESE BEAUTY.
+
+
+Her face was oval, her features regular, and her little mouth, when
+open, disclosed a set of shining, black lacquered teeth; her hair was
+black, and rolled up in the form of a turban, without any ornament,
+except a few tortoiseshell combs; she had sparkling, dark eyes, was
+about the middle size, and elegantly formed; her dress consisted of six
+wadded silk garments, similar to our night-gowns, each fastened round
+the lower part of the waist by a separate band, and drawn close together
+from the girdle downwards; they were all of different colours, and the
+uppermost was black.
+
+U.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+GOOD LIVING.
+
+
+I hate a fellow who was never young; he is like a dull Italian year,
+where the trees are always in leaf, and when the only way of knowing the
+difference of the seasons is by referring to an almanack. The
+inconstancy of the spring may surely be excused for the steady warmth of
+summer and the rich plenty of autumn; then comes the hoar of winter old
+gentleman, and closes the scene not ungracefully.--_Old Play._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Purchasers of the MIRROR, who may wish to complete their sets are
+informed, that every volume is complete in itself, and may be purchased
+separately. The whole of the numbers are now in print, and can be
+procured by giving an order to any Bookseller or Newsvender.
+
+Complete sets Vol I. to XI. in boards, price £2. 19_s_. 6_d_. half
+bound, £3. 17_s_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
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+
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+
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+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement,
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+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11336 ***
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+<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11336 ***</div>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page257" name="page257"></a>[pg
+257]</span>
+<h1>THE MIRROR<br />
+OF<br />
+LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.</h1>
+<hr class="full" />
+<table width="100%" summary="Number, and Date">
+<tr>
+<td align="left"><b>Vol. XII, No. 337.</b></td>
+<td align="center"><b>SATURDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1828</b></td>
+<td align="right"><b>[PRICE 2d.</b></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>Cheese Wring.</h2>
+<h4>(<i>To the Editor of the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+<div class="figure" style="width:50%;"><a href=
+"images/337-1.png"><img width="100%" src="images/337-1.png" alt=
+"Cheese Wring" /></a></div>
+<p>In presenting your readers with a representation of the Wring
+Cheese, I offer a few prefatory remarks connected with the early
+importance of the county in which it stands, venerable in its age,
+amid the storms of elements, and the changes of religions. Its
+pristine glory has sunk on the horizon of Time; but its legend,
+like a soft twilight of its former day, still hallows it in the
+memories of the surrounding peasantry.</p>
+<p>Cornwall is allowed by antiquaries to be the Capiterides; and
+the Abb&eacute; de Fontenu, in the <i>Memoires de Literature</i>,
+tom. vii. p. 126, proves, according to Vallancey, that the
+Phoenicians traded here for tin before the Trojan war. Homer
+frequently mentions this metal; and even in Scripture we have
+allusions to this land under the name of Tarshish (Ezekiel, c.
+xxvii., v. 12-25), being the place whence the Tyrians procured
+various metals, and among the rest, the English metal tin. It
+appears that the primitive Greeks had a clearer knowledge of these
+shores than those in after years; and although Homer, in his shield
+of Achilles, describes the earth surrounded by water, yet
+Herodotus, notwithstanding his learning and research, candidly
+states his ignorance in the following words:&mdash;"Neither am I
+better acquainted with the islands called Capiterides, from whence
+<i>we are said</i> to have our tin." The knowledge of these shores
+existed in periods so remote, that it faded. We dwindled away into
+a visionary land&mdash;we lived almost in fable. The Phoenician
+left us, and the link of our history was severed. Hyde de Religione
+Vet. Persarum, c. iv. p. 121, supposes Solomon to have traded with
+the <span class="pagenum"><a id="page258" name="page258"></a>[pg
+258]</span> Peruvians; and the analogies between the Pyramids in
+Mexico and Egypt confirm the opinion, and sanction the belief that
+the ancients had a more extended knowledge of, and a greater
+traffic over, the earth than history records. In the most early
+ages, worship was paid to stone idols; and the Pagan introduction
+of statues into temples was of a recenter date. The ancient
+Etruscans, as well as the ancient Egyptians, revered the obeliscal
+stone, (the reason why to the obeliscal stone is given by Payne
+Knight, in his extraordinary work;) nor was it, according to
+Plutarch, till 170 years after the founding of the city that the
+Romans had statues in their temples, their deities being considered
+invisible. Many stone pillars exist in this country, especially in
+Cornwall; and it is a fair inference that the Phoenician imported
+his religious rites in return for his metallic exports&mdash;since
+we find mention made of stone pillars in Genesis, xxviii. v. 20;
+Deuteronomy, xxvii. v. 4.; Joshua, xxiv.; 2 Samuel, xx. v. 8.;
+Judges, ix. v. 6., &amp;c. &amp;c. Many are the conjectures as to
+what purport these stones were used: sometimes they were
+sepulchral, as Jacob's pillar over Rachel, Gen. xxxv. 20. Ilus, son
+of Dardanus, king of Troy, was buried in the plain before that city
+beneath a column, Iliad, xi. 317. Sometimes they were erected as
+trophies, as the one set up by Samuel between Mizpeh and Shen, in
+commemoration of the defeat of the Philistines; one was also
+erected at Murray, in Scotland, as a monument of the fight between
+Malcolm, son of Keneth, and Sueno the Dane. We also find them as
+witnesses to covenants, like that of Jacob and Laban, which, though
+originally an emblem of a civil pact, became afterwards the place
+of worship of the whole twelve tribes of Israel. All these relics,
+to say nothing of the cromlechs in Malabar, bear a silent and
+solemn testimony of some by-gone people, whose religious and civil
+customs had extended wide over the earth. Their monuments remain,
+but their history has perished, and the dust of their bodies has
+been scattered in the wind. The Druids availed themselves of those
+places most likely to give an effect to their vaticinations; and
+not only obtained, but supported by terror the influence they held
+over the superstitious feelings of our earliest forefathers. Where
+nature presented a <i>bizarre</i> mass of rocks, the Druid worked,
+and peopled it with his gods, the most remarkable of which is the
+subject of our engraving, called the Wring Cheese, or Cheese Wring,
+in the parish of St. Clare, near Liskeard, in Cornwall. This
+singular mass of rocks is 32 feet high. The large stone at the top
+was a logan, or rocking-stone. Geologists are inclined to consider
+it as a natural production, which is probably the case in part, the
+Druids taking advantage of favourable circumstances to convert
+these crags to objects of superstitious reverence. On its summit
+are two rock basins; and it is a well-known fact, that baptism was
+a Pagan rite of the highest antiquity, (vide the Etruscan vases by
+Gorius.) Here, probably, the rude ancestor of our glorious land was
+initiated amidst the mystic ceremonies of the white-robed Druid and
+his blood-stained sacrifices. A similar mass exists at Brimham,
+York; and in the "History of Waterford," p. 70, mention is made of
+St. Declan's stone, which, not liking its situation, miraculously
+<i>swam</i> from Rome, conveying on it St. Declan's bell and
+vestment.</p>
+<h4>J. SILVESTER.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>CURIOUS ANCIENT LEGEND.</h3>
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+<p>In ancienne tyme, and in a goodly towne, neare to Canterbury,
+sojourned a ladie faire. She one nighte, in the absence of her
+lorde, leaned her lovely arme upon a gentleman's, and walked in the
+fyldes. When journeying far, she became afraide, and begged to
+returne. The gentleman, with kyndest sayings and greate courtesey,
+retraced their steps; when in this saide momente, this straynge
+occurrence came to pass&mdash;ye raine descended, though the moone
+and millions of starres were shyneing bryght. In journeying home,
+another straynge occurrence came to pass; her coral lippes the
+gentleman's did meete in sweetest kyss. Thys was not straynge at
+all; but that the moone, that still shone bryghte, did in the
+momente hide herself behynde a cloude: this was straynge, most
+passing straynge indeede. The ladie faire, who prayed to the
+blessed Virgin, did to her confesseur this confession mayk, and her
+confesseur with charitye impromptu wrote:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Whence came the rayne, when first with guileless heart</p>
+<p>Further to walk she's lothe, and yet more lothe to part?</p>
+<p>It was not rayne, but angels' pearly teares,</p>
+<p>In pity dropt to soothe Eliza's feares.</p>
+<p>Whence came the cloude that veil'd the orb of nighte,</p>
+<p>When first her lippes she yielded to delyght?</p>
+<p>It was not cloude, but whylst the world was hush,</p>
+<p>Mercy put forthe her hande to hide Eliza's blush."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h4>W.G.C.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>PICTON'S MONUMENT, CARMARTHEN.</h3>
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+<p>This interesting national tribute stands at the west end of the
+town of Carmarthen, <span class="pagenum"><a id="page259" name=
+"page259"></a>[pg 259]</span> rising ground, and is erected in
+memory of the gallant Sir Thomas Picton, who terminated his career
+in the ever-to-be-remembered battle of Waterloo. The structure
+stands about 30 feet high, and is, particularly the shaft and
+architrave, similar to Trajan's pillar in Rome; and being built of
+a very durable material, (black marble,) will no doubt stand as
+many ages as that noble, though now mouldering relic. The pillar
+stands on a square pedestal, with a small door on the east side,
+which fronts the town, where the monument is ascended by a flight
+of steps. Over the door, in large characters, is the hero's name,
+PICTON; and above this, in basso relievo, is represented part of
+the field of battle, with the hero falling from his horse, from the
+mortal wound which he received. Over this, in large letters, is
+inscribed WATERLOO. On the west end is represented the siege of
+Badajos, Picton scaling the walls with a few men, and attacked by
+the besieged. Above this is the word BADAJOS. On the south side of
+the pedestal is the following inscription:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Sir THOMAS PICTON,</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Knight Grand Cross of the Military Order of the</p>
+<p class="i2">Bath,</p>
+<p>Of the Portuguese Order of the Tower and Sword,</p>
+<p class="i2">and of other foreign Orders;</p>
+<p>Lieutenant-General in the British Army, and</p>
+<p class="i2">Member of Parliament for the Borough of</p>
+<p class="i2">Pembroke,</p>
+<p>Born at Poyston, in Pembrokeshire, in August,</p>
+<p class="i2">1758;</p>
+<p>Died at Waterloo on the 18th of June, 1815,</p>
+<p class="i2">Gloriously fighting for his country and the</p>
+<p class="i2">liberties of Europe.</p>
+<p>Having honourably fulfilled, on behalf of the</p>
+<p class="i2">public, various duties in various climates:</p>
+<p>And having achieved the highest military renown</p>
+<p class="i2">in the Spanish Peninsula,</p>
+<p>He thrice received the unanimous thanks of</p>
+<p class="i2">Parliament,</p>
+<p>And a Monument erected by the British nation</p>
+<p class="i2">in St. Paul's Cathedral</p>
+<p class="i2">Commemorates his death and services,</p>
+<p>His grateful countrymen, to perpetuate past and</p>
+<p class="i2">incite to future exertions,</p>
+<p>Have raised this column, under the auspices of</p>
+<p class="i2">his Majesty, King George the Fourth,</p>
+<p class="i2">To the memory of a hero and a Welshman.</p>
+<p>The plan and design of this Monument was given</p>
+<p class="i2">by our countryman, John Nash, Esq. F.R.S.</p>
+<p class="i2">Architect to the King.</p>
+<p class="i2">The ornaments were executed by</p>
+<p class="i2">E.H. Bailey, Esq. R.A.</p>
+<p>And the whole was erected by Mr. Daniel</p>
+<p class="i2">Mainwaring, of the town of Carmarthen,</p>
+<p class="i2">In the year 1826 and 1827.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>On the north side is the translation of the above in Welsh; and
+on the top of the pedestal, on each side of the square, are
+trophies. The top of the column is also square, and on each side
+are imitative cannons. The statue of the hero surmounts the whole.
+He is wrapped in a cloak, and is supported by a baluster, round
+which are emblems of spears.</p>
+<h4>W.H.</h4>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>THE SKETCH BOOK</h2>
+<h3>AN HOUR TOO MANY.</h3>
+<p>Hail, land of the kangaroo!&mdash;paradise of the
+bushranger!&mdash;purgatory of England!&mdash;happy scene, where
+the sheep-stealer is metamorphosed into the shepherd; the
+highwayman is the guardian of the road; the dandy is delicate no
+more, and earns his daily bread; and the Court of Chancery is
+unknown&mdash;hail to thee, soil of larceny and love! of
+pickpockets and principle! of every fraud under heaven, and
+primeval virtue! daughter of jails, and mother of
+empires!&mdash;hail to thee, New South Wales! In all my
+years&mdash;and I am now no boy&mdash;and in all my
+travels&mdash;and I am now at the antipodes&mdash;I have never
+heard any maxim so often as, that time is short; yet no maxim that
+ever dropt from human lips is further from the truth. I appeal to
+the experience of mankind&mdash;to the three hundred heirs of the
+British peerage, whom their gouty fathers keep out of their honours
+and estates&mdash;to the six hundred and sixty-eight candidates for
+seats in parliament, which they must wait for till the present
+sitters die; or turn rebellious to their noble patrons, or their
+borough patrons, or their Jew patrons; or plunge into joint-stock
+ruin, and expatriate themselves, for the astonishment of all other
+countries, and the benefit of their own;&mdash;to the six thousand
+five hundred heroes of the half-pay, longing for tardy
+war;&mdash;to the hundred thousand promissory excisemen lying on
+the soul of the chancellor of the ex-chequer, and pining for the
+mortality of every gauger from the Lizard to the
+Orkneys;&mdash;and, to club the whole discomfort into one, to the
+entire race of the fine and superfine, who breathe the vital air,
+from five thousand a year to twenty times the rental, the unhappy
+population of the realms of indolence included in Bond Street, St.
+James's, and the squares.</p>
+<p>For my own part, in all my experience of European deficiencies,
+I have never found any deficiency of time. Money went like the
+wind; champagne grew scanty; the trust of tailors ran down to the
+dregs; the smiles of my fair flirts grew rare as
+diamonds&mdash;every thing became as dry, dull, and stagnant as the
+Serpentine in summer; but time never failed me. I had a perpetual
+abundance of a commodity which the philosophers told me was beyond
+price. I had not merely enough for myself, but enough to give to
+others; until I discovered the fact, that it was as little a
+favourite with others as myself, and that, whatever the plausible
+might say, there was nothing on earth <span class="pagenum"><a id=
+"page260" name="page260"></a>[pg 260]</span> for which they would
+not be more obliged to me than a donation of my superfluous time.
+But now let me give a sketch of my story. A single fact is worth a
+hundred reflections. The first consciousness that I remember, was
+that of having a superabundance of time; and my first ingenuity was
+demanded for getting rid of the encumbrance. I had always an hour
+that perplexed my skill to know what to do with this treasure. A
+schoolboy turn for long excursions in any direction but that of my
+pedagogue, indicative of a future general officer; a
+naturalist-taste for bird-nesting, which, in maturer years, would
+have made me one of the wonders of the Linnaean Society; a passion
+for investigating the inside of every thing, from a Catherine-wheel
+to a China-closet, which would yet have entitled me to the honours
+of an F.R.S.; and an original vigour in the plunder of orchards,
+which undoubtedly might have laid the foundation of a first lord of
+the treasury; were nature's helps to get rid of this oppressive
+bounty. But though I fought the enemy with perpetual vigour and
+perpetual variety, he was not to be put to flight by a stripling;
+and I went to the university as far from being a conqueror as ever.
+At Oxford I found the superabundance of this great gift
+acknowledged with an openness worthy of English candour, and
+combated with the dexterity of an experience five hundred years
+old. Port-drinking, flirtation, lounging, the invention of new ties
+to cravats, and new tricks on proctors; billiards, boxing, and
+barmaids; seventeen ways of mulling sherry, and as many dozen ways
+of raising "the supplies," were adopted with an adroitness that
+must have baffled all but the invincible. Yet Time was master at
+last; and he always indulged me with a liberality that would have
+driven a less resolute spirit to the bottom of the Isis.</p>
+<p>At length I gave way; left the university with my blessing and
+my debts; and rushed up to London, as the grand <i>place
+d'armes</i>, the central spot from which the enemy was excluded by
+the united strength, wit, and wisdom of a million and a half of
+men. I might as well have staid bird-nesting in Berkshire. I found
+the happiest contrivances against the universal invader fail.
+Pigeon-matches; public dinners; coffee-houses; bluestocking
+<i>reunions</i>; private morning quadrille practice, with public
+evening exhibitions of their fruits; dilettanti breakfasts, with a
+bronze Hercules standing among the bread and butter, or a reposing
+cast of Venus, fresh from Pompeii, as black and nude as a negress
+disporting on the banks of the Senegal, but dear and delicate to
+the eyes of taste; Sunday mornings at Tattersal's, jockeying till
+the churches let out their population, and the time for visits was
+come; and Sunday evening routs at <i>the</i> duchess's, with a
+cotillon by the <i>vraies danseuses</i> of the opera, followed by a
+concert, a round game, and a <i>select</i> supper for the
+initiated;&mdash;the whole failed. I had always an hour too
+much&mdash;sixty mortal minutes, and every one of them an hour in
+itself, that I could never squeeze down.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Ye gods, annihilate both space and time,</p>
+<p>And make two lovers happy,"</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>may have been called a not over-modest request; but I can vouch
+for at least one half of it being the daily prayer of some
+thousands of the best-dressed people that the sun ever summoned to
+a day of twenty-four hours long. On feeling the symptoms of this
+horary visitation, I regularly rushed into the streets, on the
+principle that some alleviation of misery is always to be found in
+fellow-suffering. This maxim I invariably found false, like every
+other piece of the boasted wisdom of mankind. I found the suffering
+infinitely increased by the association with my
+fellow-fashionables. A man might as well have fled from his chamber
+to enjoy comfort in the wards of an hospital. In one of my marches
+up and down the <i>pav&eacute;</i> of St. James's Street, that
+treadmill of gentlemen convicted in the penalty of having nothing
+to do, I lounged into the little hotel of the Guards, that stands
+beside the great hotel of the gamblers, like a babe under its
+mamma's wing&mdash;the likeness admirable, though the scale
+diminutive. That "hour too many," cost me three games of billiards,
+my bachelor's house, and one thousand pounds. This price of sixty
+minutes startled me a little; and, for a week, I meditated with
+some seriousness on the superior gaiety of a life spent in paving
+the streets, driving a wagon, or answering the knocker of a door.
+But the "hour" again overflowed me. I was walking it off in Regent
+Street, when an old fellow-victim met me, and prescribed a trot to
+Newmarket. The prescription was taken, and the hour was certainly
+got rid of. But the remedy was costly; for my betting-book left me
+minus ten thousand pounds. I returned to town like a patient from a
+watering-place; relieved of every thing but the disease that took
+me there. My last shilling remained among the noble blacklegs; but
+nothing could rob me of a fragment of my superfluous time, and I
+brought even a tenfold allowance of it back. But every disease has
+a crisis; and when a lounge through the streets became at once
+useless and inconvenient&mdash;when <span class="pagenum"><a id=
+"page261" name="page261"></a>[pg 261]</span> the novelty of being
+cut by all my noble friends, and of being seduously followed by
+that generation who, unlike the fickle world, reserve their
+tipstaff attentions for the day of adversity, had lost its zest,
+and I was thinking whether time was to be better fought off by a
+plunge to the bottom of the Thames, or by the muzzle of one of
+Manton's hair-triggers&mdash;I was saved by a plunge into the
+King's Bench. There life was new, friendship was undisguised, my
+coat was not an object of scorn, my exploits were fashion, my duns
+were inadmissible, and my very captors were turned into my humble
+servants. There, too, my nature, always social, had its full
+indulgence; for there I found, rather to my surprise, nine-tenths
+of my most accomplished acquaintance. But the enemy still made his
+way; and I had learned to yawn, in spite of billiards and
+ball-playing, when <i>the</i> Act let me loose into the great world
+again. Good-luck, too, had prepared a surprise for my <i>debut</i>.
+I had scarcely exhibited myself in the streets, when I discovered
+that every man of my <i>set</i> was grown utterly blind whenever I
+happened to walk on the same side of the way, and that I might as
+well have been buried a century. I was absurd enough to be
+indignant; for nothing can be more childish than any delicacy when
+a man cannot bet on the rubber. But one morning a knock came to my
+attic-door which startled me by its professional vigour. An
+attorney entered. I had now nothing to fear, for the man whom no
+one will trust cannot well be in debt; and for once I faced an
+attorney without a palpitation. His intelligence was flattering. An
+old uncle of mine, who had worn out all that was human about him in
+amassing fifty thousand pounds, and finally died of starving
+himself, had expired with the pen in his hand, in the very act of
+leaving his thousands to pay the national debt. But fate,
+propitious to me, had dried up his ink-bottle; the expense of
+replenishing it would have broken his heart of itself; and the
+attorney's announcement to me was, that the will, after blinding
+the solicitor to the treasury and three of his clerks, was
+pronounced to be altogether illegible.</p>
+<p>The fact that I was the nearest of kin got into the newspapers;
+and in my first drive down St. James's, I had the pleasure of
+discovering that I had cured a vast number of my friends of their
+calamitous defect of vision. But if the "post equitem sedet atra
+cura" was the maxim in the days of Augustus, the man who drives the
+slower cabriolet in the days of George the Fourth, cannot expect to
+escape. The "hour too many" overtook me in the first week. On one
+memorable evening I saw it coming, just as I turned the corner of
+Piccadilly; fair flight was hopeless, and I took refuge in that
+snug asylum on the right hand of St. James's Street, which has
+since expanded into a palace. I stoutly battled the foe, for I
+"took no note of time" during the next day and night; and when at
+last I walked forth into the air, I found that I had relieved
+myself of the burden of three-fourths of my reversion. A weak mind
+on such an occasion would have cursed the cards, and talked of
+taking care of the fragment of his property; but mine was of the
+higher order, and I determined on revenge. I had my revenge, and
+saw my winners ruined. They had their consolation, and at the close
+of a six months' campaign saw me walk into the streets a beggar. I
+grew desperate, and was voted dangerous. I realized the charge by
+fastening on a noble lord who had been one of the most adroit in
+pigeoning me. His life was "too valuable to his country," or
+himself, to allow him to meet a fellow whose life was of no use to
+any living thing; and through patriotism and the fear of being
+shot, he kept out of my way. I raged, threatened to post his
+lordship, and was in the very act of writing out the form of the
+placard declaring the noble heir of the noble house of
+&mdash;&mdash; a cheat and a scoundrel, when by the twopenny-post I
+received a notice from the Horse Guards that I was on that day to
+appear in the Gazette as an ensign in his majesty's &mdash;&mdash;
+regiment, then serving in the Peninsula, with orders to join
+without delay. This was enough from his lordship, and was certainly
+better for me than running the chance of damages in the King's
+Bench, for provoking his majesty's subjects to a breach of the
+peace.</p>
+<p>I was gazetted, tried on my uniform before the mirror, entirely
+approved of my appearance, and wrote my last letter to my last
+flirt. The Portsmouth mail was to start at eight. I had an hour to
+spare, and sallied into the street. I met an honest-faced old
+acquaintance as much at a loss as myself to slay the hour. We were
+driven by a shower into shelter. The rattle of dice was heard
+within a green-baize-covered door. We could not stay for ever
+shivering on the outside. Fortune favoured me; in half an hour I
+was master of a thousand pounds; it would have been obvious folly
+and ingratitude to check the torrent of success for the paltry
+prospects of an ensigncy. I played on, and won on. The clock struck
+eight. I will own that I trembled as the first sound caught my ear.
+But whether nervous <span class="pagenum"><a id="page262" name=
+"page262"></a>[pg 262]</span> or not, from that instant the torrent
+was checked. The loss and gain became alternate. Wine was brought
+in; I played in furious scorn of consequences. I saw the board
+covered with gold. I swept it into my stake; I soon saw my stake
+reduced to nothing. My eyes were dazzled, my hand shook, my brain
+was on fire, I sang, danced, roared with exultation or despair. How
+the night closed, I know not; but I found myself at last in a
+narrow room, surrounded with squalidness, its only light from a
+high-barred window, and its only furniture the wooden tressel on
+which I lay, fierce, weary, and feverish, as if I lay on the rack.
+From this couch of the desperate, I was carried into the presence
+of a magistrate, to hear that in the <i>m&eacute;l&eacute;e</i> of
+the night before, I had in my rage charged my honest-faced
+acquaintance with palpable cheating; and having made good my charge
+by shewing the loaded dice in his hand, had knocked him down with a
+violence that made his recovery more than doubtful. He had seen my
+name in the Gazette, and had watched me for the express purpose of
+final plunder. The wretch died. I was brought to trial, found
+guilty of manslaughter, and sentenced to seven years' expatriation.
+Fortunate sentence! On my arrival in New South Wales, as I was
+found a perfect gentleman, and fit for nothing, there was no
+resource but to make me try the labour of my hands. Fortunate
+labour! From six at morning till six at night, I had the spade or
+the plough in my hands. I dragged carts, I delved rocks, I hewed
+trees; I had not a moment to spare. The appetite that once grew
+languid over venison, now felt the exquisite delight of junk beef.
+The thirst that scorned champagne was now enraptured with spring
+water. The sleep that had left me many a night tossing within-side
+the curtains of a hundred-and-fifty-guinea Parisian bed, now came
+on the roughest piece of turf, and made the planks of my cabin
+softer than down. I can now run as fast as one of my Newmarket
+stud, pull down a buffalo, and catch a kangaroo by the tail in fair
+field. Health, vigour, appetite, and activity, are my
+superabundance now. I have every thing but time. My banishment
+expires to-morrow; but I shall never recross the sea. This is my
+country. Since I set my foot upon its shore I have never had a
+moment to yawn. In this land of real and substantial life, the
+spectre that haunted my joyless days dares not be seen&mdash;the
+"hour too many" is no more.</p>
+<h4><i>The Forget-Me-Not</i>.</h4>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>MANNERS &amp; CUSTOMS OF ALL NATIONS.</h2>
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+<h3>SELLING MEAT AMONG THE ANCIENT ROMANS, &amp;c.</h3>
+<p>It was the custom for the buyer to shut his eyes, and the seller
+to hold up some of his fingers; if the buyer guessed aright, how
+many it was the other held up, he was to fix the price; if he
+mistook, the seller was to fix it. These classic
+<i>blind-bargains</i> would not suit the Londonbutchers. This
+custom was abolished by Apronius, the prefect of Rome; who in lieu
+thereof, introduced the method of selling by weight. Among the
+ancient Romans there were three kinds of established butchers, viz.
+two colleges or companies, composed each of a certain number of
+citizens, whose office was to furnish the city with the necessary
+cattle, and to take care of preparing and vending their flesh. One
+of these communities was at first confined to the providing of
+hogs, whence they were called <i>suarii</i>; and the other two were
+charged with cattle, especially oxen, whence they were called
+<i>pecuarii</i>, or <i>boarii</i>. Under each of these was a
+subordinate class, whose office was to kill, prepare, &amp;c.
+called <i>lanii</i>, and sometimes <i>carnifices</i>.</p>
+<p>Two English poets (Swift and Gay) have been rather severe
+towards the London butchers, the former says,&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Hence he learnt the <i>Butcher's</i> guile,</p>
+<p>How to cut your throat, and smile;</p>
+<p>Like a <i>butcher</i> doom'd for life,</p>
+<p>In his mouth to wear his knife."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>The latter,&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>&mdash;&mdash;"resign the way,</p>
+<p>To shun the surly <i>butcher's</i> greasy tray:</p>
+<p><i>Butchers</i>, whose hands are died with blood's foul
+stain,</p>
+<p>And always foremost in the hangman's train."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>The butchers' company was not incorporated until the 3rd year of
+King James I. when they were made a <i>Corporation</i>, by the name
+of master, wardens and commonalty of the art and mystery of
+butchers; yet the fraternity is ancient.</p>
+<p>Stowe says, "In the 3rd of Richard II. motion was made that no
+butcher should kill any flesh within London, but at Knightsbridge,
+or such like distant place from the walls of the citie."</p>
+<h4>P.T.W.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>STUMBLING AT THE THRESHOLD.</h3>
+<p>The phrase, "to stumble at the threshold," originated in the
+circumstance, that the old thresholds, or steps under the door,
+were like the hearths, raised a little, so <span class=
+"pagenum"><a id="page263" name="page263"></a>[pg 263]</span> that a
+person might stumble over them, unless proper care were taken. A
+very whimsical reason for this practice is given in a curious
+little tract by Sir Balthazar Gerbier, entitled, "Council and
+Advice to all Builders," 1663, in these words:&mdash;"A good
+surveyor shuns also the ordering of doores with stumbling
+thresholds, though our forefathers affected them, perchance to
+perpetuate the antient custome of bridegroomes, when formerly at
+their return from church they did use to lift up their bride, and
+to knock her head against that of the doore, for a remembrance that
+she was not to pass the threshold of her house without leave."</p>
+<h4>W.G.C.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>CHINESE PHYSICIANS.</h3>
+<p>The charitable dispensation of medicines by the Chinese, is well
+deserving notice. They have a stone which is ten cubits high,
+erected in the public squares of their cities; whereon is engraved
+the name of all sorts of medicines, with the price of each, and
+when the poor stand in need of relief from physic, they go to the
+treasury to receive the price each medicine is rated at.</p>
+<p>The physicians of China have only to feel the arm of their
+patient in three places, and to observe the rate of the pulse, to
+form an opinion on the cause, nature, danger, and duration of the
+malady. Without the patient speaking at all, they can tell
+infallibly what part is attacked with disease, whether the brain,
+the heart, the liver, the lungs, the intestines, the stomach, the
+flesh, the bones, and so on. As they are both physicians and
+apothecaries, and prepare their own medicines, they are paid only
+when they effect a cure. If the same rule were introduced with us,
+I fear we should have fewer physicians.</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>THE TOPOGRAPHER</h2>
+<h3>BOX HILL.</h3>
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+<p>This celebrated eminence is situated in the north range of chalk
+hills, beginning near Farnham, in Surrey, and extending from thence
+to Folkstone, in Kent. Camden calls it <i>White Hill</i>, from its
+chalky soil; but Box Hill is its true and ancient name. The
+box-tree is, in all probability, the natural produce of the soil;
+but a generally received story is, that the box was planted there
+by Thomas, Earl of Arundel, between two and three centuries ago.
+There is, however, authentic evidence of its being here long before
+his time, for Henry de Buxeto (i.e. Henry of Box Hill) and Adam de
+Buxeto were witnesses to deeds in the reign of King John.</p>
+<p>John Evelyn, who wrote about the middle of the seventeenth
+century, says, "Box-trees rise naturally at Kent in Bexley; and in
+Surrey, giving name to Box Hill. He that in winter should behold
+some of our highest hills in Surrey, clad with whole woods of them,
+might easily fancy himself transported into some new or enchanted
+country."</p>
+<p>In Aubrey's posthumous work on Surrey, published in 1718, the
+northern part of the hill is described as thickly covered with
+yew-trees, and the southern part with "thick boscages of
+box-trees," which "yielded a convenient privacy for lovers, who
+frequently meet here, so that it is an English Daphne." He also
+tells us that the gentry often resorted here from Ebbesham
+(<i>Epsom</i>), then in high fashion. Philip Luckombe, in his
+"England's Gazetteer," says, on Box Hill "there is a large warren,
+but no houses; only arbours cut out in the box-wood on the top of
+the hill, where are sold refreshments of all sorts, for the ladies
+and gentlemen who come hither to divert themselves in its
+labyrinths; for which reason a certain author has thought fit to
+call it the Palace of Venus, and the Temple of Nature; there being
+an enchanting prospect from it of a fine country, which is scarce
+to be equalled for affording so surprising and magnificent an idea
+both of earth and sky."</p>
+<p>But these delightful retreats, like Arcadia of old, have long
+since vanished. The <i>yews</i> were cut down in the year 1780; and
+their successors fall very short of the luxuriant descriptions of
+old topographers. The <i>box</i> has also at various times produced
+the proprietors of the estate great profit. In 1608, the receipt
+for box-trees cut down upon the sheepwalk on the hill was
+50<i>l</i>.; in an account taken in 1712, it is supposed that as
+much had been cut down, within a few years before, as amounted to
+3,000<i>l</i>.; and in 1759, a Mr. Miller lamented that "the trees
+on Box Hill had been pretty much destroyed; though many remained of
+considerable bigness."</p>
+<p>An immense quantity of box is annually consumed in this country,
+in the revived art of engraving on wood. The English is esteemed
+inferior to that which comes from the Levant; and the American box
+is said to be preferable to ours. But the ships from the Levant
+brought such quantities of it in ballast, that the wood on Box Hill
+could not find a purchaser, and not having been cut for sixty-five
+years, was growing cankered. The <span class="pagenum"><a id=
+"page264" name="page264"></a>[pg 264]</span> war diminished the
+influx from the Mediterranean; several purchasers offered; and in
+1795 it was put up to auction at 12,000<i>l</i>. The depredations
+made on Box Hill, in consequence of this sale, did not injure its
+picturesque beauty, as twelve years were allowed for cutting, which
+gave each portion a reasonable time to renew. In 1802, forty tons
+were cut, but the market being overstocked, it fell in value more
+than fifty per cent.; and the foreign wood is now universally
+preferred for engravings. The trees on Box Hill are, however, again
+flourishing, although their value is rather problematical.</p>
+<p>For the information of the home tourist, perhaps, I ought to
+mention that Box Hill stands about 22 miles on the left of the road
+from London to Worthing, Brighton, and Bognor, and about 2 miles
+N.E. of the town of Dorking. The road from Leatherhead hence is a
+constant succession of hill and dale, richly clothed with wood,
+interspersed with elegant villas in all tastes&mdash;from the
+pillared and plastered mansion, to the borrowed charm of the
+<i>cottage orne</i>. The whole of this district is called the Vale
+of <i>Norbury</i>, from the romantic domain of that name, which
+extends over a great portion of the hills on the right of the road.
+Shortly before you reach Box Hill, stands <i>Mickleham</i>, a
+little village with an ivy-mantled church, rich in Saxon
+architecture and other antiquities. You then descend into a valley,
+passing some delightful meadow scenery, and the showy mansion of
+Sir Lucas Pepys, which rises from a flourishing plantation on the
+left. In the valley stands Juniper Hall, late the seat of Mr.
+Thomas Broadwood, the piano-forte manufacturer. In the park are
+some of the finest cedars in England. On again ascending, you catch
+a fine view of Box Hill, and the amphitheatrical range of opposite
+hills, with one of the most magnificent <i>parterres</i> in nature.
+This is called, by old writers, the <i>Garden of Surrey</i>.</p>
+<p>You pass some flint-built cottages, and quitting the road here,
+the ascent to Box Hill is gradual and untiring, across a field of
+little slopes, studded with a few yew-trees, relics of by-gone
+days. The ascent further down the road almost amounts to a feat,
+assisted by the foot-worn paces in the chalky steep. Here this
+portion of the hill resembles an immense wall of <i>viretum</i>,
+down whose side has been poured liquid mortar. The path winds along
+the verge of the hill, whilst on the left is a valley or little
+ravine, whose sides are clothed with thick dwarfish box,
+intermingled with the wild and trackless luxuriance of forest
+scenery. Hence the road stretches away to Ashurst, the neat
+residence of Mr. Strahan, the King's printer.</p>
+<p>Returning to the verge of the hill, you soon reach the
+<i>apex</i>, or highest point, being 445 feet from the level of the
+Mole.<a id="footnotetag1" name="footnotetag1"></a><a href=
+"#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a> Here you enjoy what the French call a
+<i>coup d'oeil</i>, or I would rather say, <i>a bird's-eye
+view</i>, of unparalleled beauty. Taking the town of Dorking for a
+resting point, the long belt is about twelve miles in extent. The
+outline or boundary commences from the eminence on which I am
+supposed to be standing&mdash;with Brockham Hill, whose steep was
+planted by the late duke of Norfolk, and whence the chain extends
+away towards the great Brighton road. Next in the curve are
+Betchworth Castle and Park, with majestic avenues of limes and
+elms, and fine old chestnut-trees. Adjoining, is the Deepdene, the
+classical seat of the author of "Anastasius," a place, says Salmon,
+"well calculated for the religious rites of the Celts," and
+consecrated by the philosophical pursuits of the Hon. Charles
+Howard, who built an oratory and laboratory, and died here in 1714.
+Next are several fir-crowned ridges, which shelter Bury Hill, the
+mansion of Mr. Barclay, the opulent brewer; whence you ascend the
+opposite line of hills, till you reach Denbies, nearly facing the
+most prominent point of Box Hill. This elegant seat is the abode of
+Mr. Denison, one of the county members, and brother of the
+Marchioness of Conyngham. The second range or ledge, beneath
+Denbies, is the celebrated Dorking lime-works. The transition to
+the Norbury Hills, already mentioned, is now very short, which
+completes the outline of the view. It should, however, be remarked
+that the scenery within this range can be distinctly enjoyed
+without the aid of art; whilst beyond it the prospect extends, and
+fades away in the South Downs on one hand, and beyond the
+metropolis on the other.</p>
+<p>The little <i>parterre</i> to be described, includes the
+sheltered town of Dorking, environed with rich lawny slopes,
+variegated with villas in the last taste; and little heights, from
+whose clustering foliage peeps the cottage roof of humble life. But
+the Paradise immediately at <span class="pagenum"><a id="page265"
+name="page265"></a>[pg 265]</span> the foot of Box Hill is the gem
+of the whole scene, and is one of the most perfect pictures of
+rural beauty which pen or pencil can attempt. It appears like an
+assemblage of every rural charm in a few acres, in whose disposal
+nature has done much, and art but little. Park, lawn, woody walk,
+slope, wilderness and dell are among its varieties; and its quiet
+is only broken by the sluggish stream of the Mole. Adjoining is a
+little inn, more like one of the picturesque <i>auberges</i> of the
+continent than an English house of cheer. The grounds are
+ornamented with rustic alcoves, boscages, and a bowery walk, all in
+good taste. Here hundreds of tourists pass a portion of "the
+season," as in a "loop-hole of retreat." In the front of the inn,
+however, the stream of life glides fast; and a little past it, the
+road crosses the Mole by Burford Bridge, and winds with geometrical
+accuracy through the whole of this hasty sketch.</p>
+<h4>PHILO.</h4>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>NOTES OF A READER</h2>
+<h3>THE UNIVERSAL PRAYER AND OTHER POEMS.</h3>
+<p>We usually leave criticism to the <i>grey-beards</i>, or such as
+have passed the <i>viginti annorum lucubrationes</i> of reviewing.
+It kindles so many little heart-burnings and jealousies, that we
+rejoice it is not part of our duty. To be sure, we sometimes take
+up a book in real earnest, read it through, and have <i>our say</i>
+upon its merits; but this is only a gratuitous and occasional
+freak, just to keep up our oracular consequence. In the present
+case, we do not feel disposed to exercise this privilege, further
+than in a very few words&mdash;merely to say that Mr. Robert
+Montgomery has published a volume of Poems under the above
+title&mdash;that the poems are of unequal merit, and that like
+Virgil, his excellence lies in describing scenes of darkness.</p>
+<p>The "Universal Prayer" is a devotional outpouring of a truly
+poetical soul, with as much new imagery as the subject would admit;
+and if <i>scriptural</i> poems be estimated in the ratio of
+<i>scriptural</i> sermons, the merit of the former is of the first
+order.<a id="footnotetag2" name="footnotetag2"></a><a href=
+"#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a></p>
+<p>From the other poems we have detached the following beautiful
+specimens:&mdash;</p>
+<p>CONSUMPTION.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>With step as noiseless as the summer air,</p>
+<p>Who comes in beautiful decay?&mdash;her eyes</p>
+<p>Dissolving with a feverish glow of light,</p>
+<p>Her nostrils delicately closed, and on</p>
+<p>Her cheek a rosy tint, as if the tip</p>
+<p>Of Beauty's finger faintly press'd it there,&mdash;</p>
+<p>Alas! Consumption is her name.</p>
+<p>Thou loved and loving one!</p>
+<p>From the dark languish of thy liquid eye,</p>
+<p>So exquisitely rounded, darts a ray</p>
+<p>Of truth, prophetic of thine early doom;</p>
+<p>And on thy placid cheek there is a print</p>
+<p>Of death,&mdash;the beauty of consumption there.</p>
+<p>Few note that fatal bloom; for bless'd by all,</p>
+<p>Thou movest through thy noiseless sphere, the life,</p>
+<p>Of one,&mdash;the darling of a thousand hearts.</p>
+<p>Yet in the chamber, o'er some graceful task</p>
+<p>When delicately bending, oft unseen,</p>
+<p>Thy mother marks then with that musing glance</p>
+<p>That looks through cunning time, and sees thee stretch'd</p>
+<p>A shade of being, shrouded for the tomb.</p>
+<p>The Day is come, led gently on by Death;</p>
+<p>With pillow'd head all gracefully reclined,</p>
+<p>And grape-like curls in languid clusters wreath'd,</p>
+<p>Within a cottage room she sits to die;</p>
+<p>Where from the window, in a western view,</p>
+<p>Majestic ocean rolls.&mdash;A summer eve</p>
+<p>Shines o'er the earth, and all the glowing air</p>
+<p>Stirs faintly, like a pulse; against the shore</p>
+<p>The waves unrol them with luxurious joy,</p>
+<p>While o'er the midway deep she looks, where like</p>
+<p>A sea god glares the everlasting Sun</p>
+<p>O'er troops of billows marching in his beam!&mdash;</p>
+<p>From earth to heaven, from heaven to earth, her eyes</p>
+<p>Are lifted, bright with wonder and with awe,</p>
+<p>Till through each vein reanimation rolls!</p>
+<p>'Tis past; and now her filmy glance is fix'd</p>
+<p>Upon the heavens, as though her spirit gazed</p>
+<p>On that immortal world, to which 'tis bound:</p>
+<p>The sun hath sunk.&mdash;her soul hath fled without</p>
+<p>A pang, and left her lovely in her death,</p>
+<p>And beautiful as an embodied dream.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>MORTALITY.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>All that we love and feel on Nature's face,</p>
+<p>Bear dim relations to our common doom.</p>
+<p>The clouds that blush, and die a beamy death,</p>
+<p>Or weep themselves away in rain,&mdash;the streams</p>
+<p>That flow along in dying music,&mdash;leaves</p>
+<p>That fade, and drop into the frosty arms</p>
+<p>Of Winter, there to mingle with dead flowers,&mdash;</p>
+<p>Are all prophetic of our own decay.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>BEAUTY</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>How oft, as unregarded on a throng</p>
+<p>Of lovely creatures, in whose liquid eyes</p>
+<p>The heart-warm feelings bathe, I've look'd</p>
+<p>With all a Poet's passion, and have wish'd</p>
+<p>That years might never pluck their graceful smiles&mdash;</p>
+<p>How often Death, as with a viewless wand,</p>
+<p>Has touch'd the scene, and witch'd it to a tomb!</p>
+<p>Where Beauty dwindled to a ghastly wreck,</p>
+<p>And spirits of the Future seem'd to cry,&mdash;</p>
+<p>Thus will it be when Time has wreak'd revenge.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>MELANCHOLY.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>When mantled with the melancholy glow</p>
+<p>Of eve, she wander'd oft: and when the wind,</p>
+<p>Like a stray infant down autumnal dales</p>
+<p>Roam'd wailingly, she loved to mourn and muse:</p>
+<p>To commune with the lonely orphan flowers,</p>
+<p>And through sweet Nature's ruin trace her own.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>VISION OF HEAVEN.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>An empyrean infinitely vast</p>
+<p>And irridescent, roof'd with rainbows, whose</p>
+<p>Transparent gleams like water-shadows shone,</p>
+<p>Before me lay: Beneath this dazzling vault&mdash;</p>
+<p>I felt, but cannot paint the splendour there!</p>
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page266" name="page266"></a>[pg
+266]</span>
+<p>Glory, beyond the wonder of the heart</p>
+<p>To dream, around interminably blazed.</p>
+<p>A spread of fields more beautiful than skies</p>
+<p>Flush'd with the flowery radiance of the west;</p>
+<p>Valleys in greenest glory, deck'd with trees</p>
+<p>That trembled music to the ambrosial airs</p>
+<p>That chanted round them,&mdash;vein'd with glossy streams,</p>
+<p>That gush'd, like feelings from a raptured soul:</p>
+<p>Such was the scenery;&mdash;with garden walks,</p>
+<p>Delight of angels and the blest, where flowers</p>
+<p>Perennial bloom, and leaping fountains breathe,</p>
+<p>Like melted gems, a gleaming mist around!</p>
+<p>Here fruits for ever ripe, on radiant boughs,</p>
+<p>Droop temptingly; here all that eye and heart</p>
+<p>Enrapts, in pure perfection is enjoy'd;</p>
+<p>And here o'er flowing paths with agate paved,</p>
+<p>Immortal Shapes meander and commune.</p>
+<p>While with permissive gaze I glanced the scene,</p>
+<p>A whelming tide of rich-toned music roll'd,</p>
+<p>Waking delicious echoes, as it wound</p>
+<p>From Melody's divinest fount! All heaven</p>
+<p>Glow'd bright, as, like a viewless river, swell'd</p>
+<p>The deepening music!&mdash;Silence came again!</p>
+<p>And where I gazed, a shrine of cloudy fire</p>
+<p>Flamed redly awful; round it Thunder walk'd,</p>
+<p>And from it Lightning look'd out most sublime!</p>
+<p>Here throned in unimaginable bliss</p>
+<p>And glory, sits The One Eternal Power,</p>
+<p>Creator, Lord, and Life of All: Again,</p>
+<p>Stillness ethereal reign'd, and forth appear'd</p>
+<p>Elysian creatures robed in fleecy light,</p>
+<p>Together flocking from celestial haunts,</p>
+<p>And mansions of purpureal mould; the Host</p>
+<p>Of heaven assembled to adore with harp</p>
+<p>And hymn, the First and Last, the Living God;</p>
+<p>They knelt,&mdash;a universal choir, and glow'd</p>
+<p>More beauteous while they breathed the chant divine,</p>
+<p>And Hallelujah! Hallelujah! peal'd,</p>
+<p>And thrill'd the concave with harmonious joy.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>VISION OF HELL.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Apart, upon a throne of living fire</p>
+<p>The Fiend was seated; in his eye there shone</p>
+<p>The look that dared Omnipotence; the light</p>
+<p>Of sateless vengeance, and sublime despair.&mdash;</p>
+<p>He sat amid a burning world, and saw</p>
+<p>Tormented myriads, whose blaspheming shrieks</p>
+<p>Were mingled with the howl of hidden floods,</p>
+<p>And Acherontine groans; of all the host,</p>
+<p>The only dauntless he. As o'er the wild</p>
+<p>He glanced, the pride of agony endured</p>
+<p>Awoke, and writhed through all his giant frame,</p>
+<p>That redden'd, and dilated, like a sun!</p>
+<p>Till moved by some remember'd bliss, or joy</p>
+<p>Of paradisal hours, or to supply</p>
+<p>The cravings of infernal wrath,&mdash;he bade</p>
+<p>The roar of Hell be hush'd,&mdash;and silence was!</p>
+<p>He called the cursed,&mdash;and they flash'd from cave</p>
+<p>And wild&mdash;from dungeon and from den they came,</p>
+<p>And stood an unimaginable mass</p>
+<p>Of spirits, agonized with burning pangs:</p>
+<p>In silence stood they, while the Demon gazed</p>
+<p>On all, and communed with departed Time,</p>
+<p>From whence his vengeance such a harvest reap'd.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>BEAUTIFUL INFLUENCES.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Who hath not felt the magic of a voice,&mdash;</p>
+<p>Its spirit haunt him in romantic hours?</p>
+<p>Who hath not heard from Melody's own lips</p>
+<p>Sounds that become a music to his mind?&mdash;</p>
+<p>Music is heaven! and in the festive dome,</p>
+<p>When throbs the lyre, as if instinct with life,</p>
+<p>And some sweet mouth is full of song,&mdash;how soon</p>
+<p>A rapture flows from eye to eye, from heart</p>
+<p>To heart&mdash;while floating from the past, the forms</p>
+<p>We love are recreated, and the smile</p>
+<p>That lights the cheek is mirror'd on the heart!</p>
+<p>So beautiful the influence of sound,</p>
+<p>There is a sweetness in the homely chime</p>
+<p>Of village bells: I love to hear them roll</p>
+<p>Upon the breeze; like voices from the dead,</p>
+<p>They seem to hail us from a viewless world.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<hr />
+<h3>PERSECUTION OF THE JEWS.</h3>
+<p>We know it to be a fact, that a Jew, an artist of reputation,
+who had conceived a great confidence in a Christian engaged in the
+promotion of the conversion of the Israelites, revealed to him,
+that both he and his brother had been Christians from their
+childhood from having been bred up amongst Christians, but were too
+indignant at the treatment which they and their brethren met with
+at Christian hands, to profess Christianity; and he earnestly
+pleaded, as essential to their being induced to receive the gospel,
+that those who participate in the attempt should approach them with
+a language of decided affection for Israel.&mdash;<i>Q.
+Rev.</i></p>
+<hr />
+<h3>ABSENTEES</h3>
+<p>Soon become detached from all habitual employments and duties;
+the salutary feeling of home is lost; early friendships are
+dissevered, and life becomes a vague and restless state, freed, it
+may seem, from many ties, but yet more destitute of the better and
+purer pleasures of existence.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>ITINERANT OPERAS.</h3>
+<p>The first performance of the <i>opera seria</i> at Rome, in
+1606, consisted of scenes in recitative and airs, exhibited in a
+<i>cart</i> during the carnival.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>THE GAMUT.</h3>
+<p>Guido D'Arezzo, a monk of the 13th century, in the solitude of
+his convent, made the grand discovery of counterpoint, or the
+science of harmony, as distinguished from melody; he also invented
+the present system of notation, and gave those names to the sounds
+of the diatonic scale still in use:&mdash;<i>ut, re, mi, fa, sol,
+la, si</i>; these being the first syllables of the first six lines
+of a hymn to St. John the Baptist, written in monkish Latin; and
+they seem to have been adopted without any special reason, from the
+caprice of the musician.&mdash;<i>Foreign Rev.</i></p>
+<hr />
+<p>It is said that the first church was erected at Glastonbury; and
+this tradition may seem to deserve credit, because it was not
+contradicted in those ages when other churches would have found it
+profitable to advance a similar pretension. The building is
+described as a rude structure of wicker-work, like the dwellings of
+the people in those days, and differing from them only in its
+dimensions, which were threescore feet in length, and twenty-six in
+breadth. An abbey was afterwards erected there, one of the finest
+of those edifices, and one of the most remarkable for the many
+interesting circumstances connected with it. The destruction of
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page267" name="page267"></a>[pg
+267]</span> this beautiful and venerable fabric is one of the
+crimes by which our reformation was
+sullied.&mdash;<i>Southey</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>GHOST STORY, BY M.G. LEWIS.</h3>
+<p>A gentleman journeying towards the house of a friend, who lived
+on the skirts of an extensive forest, in the east of Germany, lost
+his way. He wandered for some time among the trees, when he saw a
+light at a distance. On approaching it he was surprised to observe
+that it proceeded from the interior of a ruined monastery. Before
+he knocked at the gate he thought it proper to look through the
+window. He saw a number of cats assembled round a small grave, four
+of whom were at that moment letting down a coffin with a crown upon
+it. The gentleman startled at this unusual sight, and, imagining
+that he had arrived at the retreats of fiends or witches, mounted
+his horse and rode away with the utmost precipitation. He arrived
+at his friend's house at a late hour, who sat up waiting for him.
+On his arrival his friend questioned him as to the cause of the
+traces of agitation visible in his face. He began to recount his
+adventures after much hesitation, knowing that it was scarcely
+possible that his friend should give faith to his relation. No
+sooner had he mentioned the coffin with the crown upon it, than his
+friend's cat, who seemed to have been lying asleep before the fire,
+leaped up, crying out, "Then I am king of the cats;" and then
+scrambled up the chimney, and was never seen more.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>RIDICULOUS MISTAKE.</h3>
+<p>A quantity of Worcestershire china being sent to the
+<i>Nawaab</i> at Lucknow, in India, from England, he was as
+impatient to open it as a child would be with a new plaything; and
+immediately gave orders for invitations to be sent to the whole
+settlement for a breakfast, <i>&agrave; la fourchette</i>, next
+morning. Tables were accordingly spread for upwards of a hundred
+persons, including his ministers and officers of state. Nothing
+could be more splendid than the general appearance of this
+entertainment; but the dismay may be more easily imagined than
+described, on discovering that the servants had mistaken certain
+utensils for milk-bowls, and had actually placed about twenty of
+them, filled with that beverage, along the centre of the table. The
+consequence was, the English part of the company declined taking
+any; upon which the <i>Nawaab</i> innocently remarked, "I thought
+that the English were fond of milk." Some of them had much
+difficulty to keep their countenances.</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS</h2>
+<h3>ENGLISH COUNTRY LIFE.</h3>
+<p>The country seats of England form, indeed, one of the most
+remarkable features, not only in English landscape, but yet more in
+what may be termed the genius and economy of English manners. Their
+great number throughout the country, the varied grandeur and beauty
+of their parks and gardens, the extent, magnificence, and various
+architecture of the houses, the luxurious comfort and completeness
+of their internal arrangements, and their relation generally to the
+character of the peasantry surrounding them, justify fully the
+expression we have used. No where has this mode of life attained so
+high a degree of perfection and refinement. We will allude to two
+circumstances, amongst many others, in illustration. The first of
+these is, the very great number of valuable libraries belonging to
+our family seats. It has been sometimes remarked as singular, that
+England should possess so few great public libraries, while a
+poorer country, like Germany, can boast of its numerous and vast
+collections at Vienna, Prague, Munich, Stutgard, Goettingen,
+Wolfenbuttel, &amp;c. The fact is partly explained by the many
+political divisions and capitals, and by the number of universities
+in Germany. But a further explanation may be found in the
+innumerable private libraries dispersed throughout
+England&mdash;many of them equal to public ones in extent and
+value, and most of them well furnished in classics, and in English
+and French literature.</p>
+<p>The other peculiarity we would name about our English
+country-houses is, that they do not insulate their residents from
+the society and business of active life; which insulation is
+probably a cause, why so many proprietors in other countries pass
+their whole time in the metropolis or larger towns. The facility
+and speed of communication in England link together all places,
+however remote, and all interests, political and social, of the
+community. The <span class="pagenum"><a id="page268" name=
+"page268"></a>[pg 268]</span> country gentleman, sitting at his
+breakfast table a hundred miles from London, receives the
+newspapers printed there the night before; his books come to him
+still damp from the press; and the debates in parliament travel to
+every country-house in England within fifty or sixty hours of the
+time when they have taken place. The like facility exists as to
+provincial interests of every kind. The nobleman or country
+gentleman is a public functionary within his district, and no man
+residing on his estates is, or need feel himself, unimportant to
+the community. <i>Quarterly Rev.</i></p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>FLOWERS.</h2>
+<p>When summer's delightful season arrives, rarely in this country
+too warm to be enjoyed throughout the day in the open air, there is
+nothing more grateful than a profusion of choice flowers around and
+within our dwellings. The humblest apartments ornamented with these
+beautiful productions of nature have, in my view, a more delightful
+effect than the proudest saloons with gilded ceilings and hangings
+of Genoa velvet. The richness of the latter, indeed, would be
+heightened, and their elegance increased, by the judicious
+introduction of flowers and foliage into them. The odour of
+flowers, the cool appearance of the dark green leaves of some
+species, and the beautiful tints and varied forms of others, are
+singularly grateful to the sight, and refreshing at the same time.
+Vases of Etruscan mould, containing plants of the commonest kind,
+offer those lines of beauty which the eye delights in following;
+and variform leaves hanging festooned over them, and shading them
+if they be of a light colour, with a soft grateful hue, add much to
+their pleasing effect. These decorations are simple and cheap.</p>
+<p>Lord Bacon, whose magnificence of mind exempts him from every
+objection as a model for the rest of mankind, (in all but the
+unfortunate error to which, perhaps, his sordid pursuit in life led
+him, to the degradation of his nobler intellect), was
+enthusiastically attached to flowers, and kept a succession of them
+about him in his study and at his table. Now the union of books and
+flowers is more particularly agreeable. Nothing, in my view, is
+half so delightful as a library set off with these beautiful
+productions of the earth during summer, or indeed, any other season
+of the year. A library or study, opening on green turf, and having
+the view of a distant rugged country, with a peep at the ocean
+between hills, a small fertile space forming the nearest ground,
+and an easy chair and books, is just as much of local enjoyment as
+a thinking man can desire&mdash;I reck not if under a thatched or
+slated roof, to me it is the same thing. A favourite author on my
+table, in the midst of my bouquets, and I speedily forget how the
+rest of the world wags. I fancy I am enjoying nature and art
+together, a consummation of luxury that never palls upon the
+appetite&mdash;a dessert of uncloying sweets.</p>
+<p>Madame Roland seems to have felt very strongly the union of
+mental pleasure with that afforded to the senses by flowers. She
+somewhere says, "La v&ucirc;e d'une fleur carresse mon imagination
+et flatte mes sens &agrave; un point inexprimable; elle
+r&eacute;veille avec volupt&eacute; le sentiment de mon existence.
+Sous le tranquil abri du toit paternel, j'&eacute;tois heureuse des
+enfance avec des fleurs et des livres; dans l'&eacute;troite
+enciente d'une prison, au milieu des fers impos&eacute;s par la
+tyrannie la plus revoltante, j'oublie l'injustice des hommes, leurs
+sottises, et mes maux, avec des livres et des fleurs." These
+pleasures, however, are too simple to be universally felt.</p>
+<p>There is something delightful in the use which the eastern
+poets, particularly the Persian, make of flowers in their poetry.
+Their allusions are not casual, and in the way of metaphor and
+simile only; they seem really to hold them in high admiration. I am
+not aware that the flowers of Persia, except the rose, are more
+beautiful or more various than those of other countries. Perhaps
+England, including her gardens, green-houses, and fields, having
+introduced a vast variety from every climate, may exhibit a list
+unrivalled, as a whole, in odour and beauty. Yet flowers are not
+with us held in such high estimation as among the Orientals, if we
+are to judge from their poets.</p>
+<p>Bowers of roses and flowers are perpetually alluded to in the
+writings of eastern poets. The Turks, and indeed the Orientals in
+general, have few images of voluptuousness without the richest
+flowers contributing towards them. The noblest palaces, where
+gilding, damask, and fine carpeting abound, would be essentially
+wanting in luxury without flowers. It cannot be from their odour
+alone that they are thus identified with pleasure; it is from their
+union of exquisite hues, fragrance, and beautiful forms, that they
+raise a sentiment of voluptuousness, in the mind; for whatever
+unites these qualities can scarcely do otherwise.</p>
+<p>Whoever virtuously despises the opinion that simple and cheap
+pleasures, not only good, but in the very best taste, are of no
+value because they want a meretricious rarity, will fill their
+apartments with a succession of our better garden flowers. It has
+been said that flowers placed in bedrooms are not wholesome. This
+cannot be meant of such as are in a state of vegetation. Plucked
+and put into water, they quickly decay, and doubtless, give out a
+putrescent air; when alive and growing, there need not be any
+danger apprehended from them, provided fresh air is frequently
+introduced. For <span class="pagenum"><a id="page269" name=
+"page269"></a>[pg 269]</span> spacious rooms, the better kinds,
+during warm weather, are those which have a large leaf and bossy
+flower. Large leaves have a very agreeable effect on the senses;
+their rich green is grateful to the sight; of this kind, the
+Hydrangaea is remarkably well adapted for apartments, but it
+requires plenty of water. Those who have a greenhouse connected
+with their dwellings, have the convenience, by management, of
+changing their plants as the flowers decay; those who have not, and
+yet have space to afford them light and occasionally air, may rear
+most of those kinds under their own roof, which may be applied for
+ornament in summer. Vases of plaster, modelled from the antique,
+may be stained any colour most agreeable to the fancy, and fitted
+with tin cases to contain the earthen pots of flowers, to prevent
+the damp from acting on them, will look exceedingly well.</p>
+<p>The infinite variety of roses, including the Guelder Rose; the
+Rhododendron, and other plants of similar growth, are fitted for
+the saloon, but they please best in the library. They should be
+intermingled with the bookcases, and stands filled with them should
+be placed wherever practicable. They are a wonderful relief to the
+student. There is always about them a something that infuses a
+sensation of placid joy, cheering and refreshing. Perhaps they were
+first introduced at festivals, in consequence of their possessing
+this quality. A flower garden is the scene of pleasurable feelings
+of innocence and elegance. The introduction of flowers into our
+rooms infuses the same sensations, but intermingles them more with
+our domestic comforts; so that we feel, as it were, in closer
+contact with them. The succession might be kept up for the greater
+part of the year; and even in winter, evergreens will supply their
+places, and, in some respects, contrast well with the season. Many
+fail in preserving the beauty of plants in their apartments,
+because they do not give them sufficient light. Some species do
+well with much less light than others. Light is as necessary to
+them as air. They should not be too often shifted from one place to
+another. Those who will take the trouble, may quicken the growth of
+some plants, so as to have spring flowers in winter. Thus Autumn
+and Spring might be connected; and flowers blooming in the Winter
+of our gloomy climate possess double attraction.</p>
+<p>In the flower garden alcove, books are doubly grateful. As in
+the library ornamented with flowers they seem to be more enjoyed,
+so their union there is irresistibly attracting. To enjoy reading
+under such circumstances most, works of imagination are preferable
+to abstract subjects. Poetry and romance&mdash;"De Vere" and
+"Pelham"&mdash;lighter history&mdash;the lively letters of the
+French school, like those of Sevign&eacute; and others&mdash;or
+natural history&mdash;these are best adapted to peruse amidst
+sweets and flowers: in short, any species of writing that does not
+keep the mind too intently fixed to allow the senses to wander
+occasionally over the scene around, and catch the beauty of the
+rich vegetation. To me the enjoyment derived from the union of
+books and flowers is of the very highest value among pleasurable
+sensations.</p>
+<p>For my own part, I manage very well without the advantage of a
+greenhouse. The evergreens serve me in winter. Then the Lilacs come
+in, followed by the Guelder Rose and Woodbine, the latter trained
+in a pot upon circular trellis-work. After this there can be no
+difficulty in choosing, as the open air offers every variety. I
+arrange all my library and parlour-plants in a room in my
+dwelling-house facing the south, having a full portion of light,
+and a fireplace. I promote the growth of my flowers for the early
+part of the year by steam-warmth, and having large tubs and boxes
+of earth, I am at no loss, in my humble conservatory, for flowers
+of many kinds when our climate offers none. The trouble attending
+them is all my own, and is one of those employments which never
+appear laborious. Those who have better conveniences may proceed on
+a larger scale; but I contrive to keep up a due succession, which
+to a floral epicure is every thing. To be a day in the year without
+seeing a flower is a novelty to me, and I am persuaded much more
+might be done with my humble means than I have effected, had I
+sufficient leisure to attend to the retarding or forcing them. I
+cover every space in my sitting-room with these beautiful fairy
+things of creation, and take so much delight in the sight of them,
+that I cannot help recommending those of limited incomes, like
+myself, to follow my example and be their own nurserymen. The rich
+might easily obtain them without; but what they procure by gold,
+the individual of small means must obtain by industry. I know there
+are persons to whom the flowers of Paradise would be objects of
+indifference; but who can imitate, or envy such? They are
+grovellers, whose coarseness of taste is only fitted for the
+grossest food of life. The pleasures "des Fleurs et des Livres"
+are, as Henry IV. observed of his child, "the property of all the
+world."</p>
+<h4><i>New Monthly Magazine.</i></h4>
+<hr />
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page270" name="page270"></a>[pg
+270]</span>
+<h3>PRINCIPLES OF BLACKWOOD'S MAGAZINE.</h3>
+<p><i>Shepherd</i>. (<i>Standing up</i>.) It's on principles like
+these&mdash;boldly and unblushingly avoo'd here&mdash;in Mr.
+Awmrose's paper-parlour, at the conclusion o' the sixth brodd, on
+the evening o' Monday the 22nd o' September, Anno Domini aughteen
+hunder and twunty-aught, within twa hours o' midnicht&mdash;that
+you, sir, have been yeditin' a Maggasin that has gone out to the
+uttermost corners o' the yerth, wherever civilization or
+uncivilization is known, deludin' and distracktin' men and women
+folk, till it's impossible for them to ken their right hand frae
+their left&mdash;or whether they're standin' on their heels or
+their heads&mdash;or what byeuk ought to be perused, and what byeuk
+puttin intil the bottom o' pye-dishes, and trunks&mdash;or what
+awthor hissed, or what awthor hurraa'd&mdash;or what's flummery and
+what's philosophy&mdash;or what's rant and what's religion&mdash;or
+what's monopoly and what's free tredd&mdash;or wha's poets or wha's
+but Pats&mdash;or whether it's best to be drunk, or whether it's
+best to be sober a' hours o' the day and nicht&mdash;or if there
+should be rich church establishments as in England, or poor kirk
+ones as in Scotland&mdash;or whether the Bishop o' Canterbury, wi'
+twenty thousan' a-year, is mair like a primitive Christian than the
+Minister o' Kirkintulloch wi' twa hunder and fifty&mdash;or if folk
+should aye be readin' sermons or fishin' for sawmon&mdash;or if
+it's best to marry or best to burn&mdash;or if the national debt
+hangs like a millstone round the neck o' the kintra or like a chain
+o' blae-berries&mdash;or if the Millennium be really close at
+haun'&mdash;or the present Solar System be calculated to last to a'
+eternity&mdash;or whether the people should be edicated up to the
+highest pitch o' perfection, or preferably to be all like trotters
+through the Bog o' Allen&mdash;or whether the government should
+subsedeeze foreign powers, or spend a' its sillar on
+oursells&mdash;or whether the Blacks and the Catholics should be
+emancipawted or no afore the demolition o' Priests and
+Obis&mdash;or whether (God forgie us baith for the hypothesis) man
+has a mortal or an immortal sowl&mdash;be a Phoenix&mdash;or an
+Eister!&mdash;<i>From the Noctes</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>CURSES OF ABSENTEEISM.</h3>
+<p>What is the condition of the country-seat of the absentee
+proprietor? The mansion-house deserted and closed; the approaches
+to it ragged and grass grown; the chimneys, "those windpipes of
+good hospitality," as an old English poet calls them, giving no
+token of the cheerful fire within; the gardens running to waste,
+or, perchance, made a source of menial profit; the old family
+servants dismissed, and some rude bailiff, or country attorney,
+ruling paramount in the place. The surrounding cottagers, who have
+derived their support from the vicinage, deprived of this, pass
+into destitution and wretchedness; either abandoning their homes,
+throwing themselves upon parish relief, or seeking provision by
+means yet more desperate. The farming tenantry, though less
+immediately dependent, yet all partake, more or less, in the evil.
+The charities and hospitalities which belong to such a mansion lie
+dormant; the clergyman is no longer supported and aided in his
+important duties; the family pew in the church is closed; and the
+village churchyard ceases to be a place of pleasant meeting, where
+the peasant's heart is gladdened by the kindly notice of his
+landlord.</p>
+<p>It is the struggle against retrenchment, the "paupertatis pudor
+et fuga," which has caused hundreds of English families, of
+property and consideration, to desert their family places, and to
+pass year after year in residence abroad. At the close of each
+London season, the question too often occurs as to the best mode of
+evading return to the country; and the sun of summer, instead of
+calling back the landlord to his tenants, and to the harvests of
+his own lands, sends him forth to the meagre adventures of
+continental roads and inns.&mdash;<i>Quarterly Rev.</i></p>
+<hr />
+<h3>SOLILOQUY.</h3>
+<h3>THE KING OF DARKNESS.</h3>
+<h3><i>On the Fallen Angels.</i></h3>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>They're gone to ply their ineffectual labour,&mdash;</p>
+<p>To sow in guilt what they must reap in woe,&mdash;</p>
+<p>Heaping upon themselves more deep damnation.</p>
+<p>Thus would I have it.&mdash;Little once I thought,</p>
+<p>When leagued with me in crime and punishment</p>
+<p>They fell,&mdash;condemned to an eternity</p>
+<p>Of exile from all joy and holiness&mdash;</p>
+<p>And the first stains of sinfulness and sorrow</p>
+<p>Fell blight-like o'er their cherub lineaments&mdash;</p>
+<p>Myself the cause&mdash;Albeit too proud for tears,</p>
+<p>Yet touch'd with their sad doom, I little thought</p>
+<p>I e'er should hate them thus.&mdash;Yet thus I hate them,</p>
+<p>With all that bitter agony of soul</p>
+<p>Which is the punishment of fiends. Alas!</p>
+<p>It was my high ambition, to hold sway,</p>
+<p>Sole, paramount, unquestion'd, o'er a third</p>
+<p>Of Heaven's resplendent legions:&mdash;Power and glory</p>
+<p>Dwelt on them, like an elemental essence</p>
+<p>That could not be destroyed.&mdash;I could not deem</p>
+<p>That aught could so extinguish the pure fire</p>
+<p>Of their sun-like beauty&mdash;yet 'tis changed!&mdash;</p>
+<p>I gain'd them to my wish, and they are grown</p>
+<p>Too hateful to be look'd on.&mdash;Thus I've seen</p>
+<p>The frail fair dupe of amorous perfidy,</p>
+<p>The victim of a smile,&mdash;by man beguiled&mdash;</p>
+<p>Won to debasement, and then left in loathing:&mdash;</p>
+<p>Alas! I cannot leave my fatal conquest!&mdash;</p>
+<p>Man! would I were the humblest mortal wretch,</p>
+<p>That crawls beneath yon shadowing temple's tower,</p>
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page271" name="page271"></a>[pg
+271]</span>
+<p>Under the sky of Canaan; so I might</p>
+<p>Lay down this weight of sceptred misery,</p>
+<p>And fly for ever from myself and these!</p>
+<p>But Pride reproves the wish; and&mdash;it is useless;</p>
+<p>The unatonable deeds of ages rise</p>
+<p>Like clouds between me and the throne of Grace.</p>
+<p>I may not hope,&mdash;or fear,&mdash;still unsubdued,</p>
+<p>As when I ruled the anarchy of Heaven,</p>
+<p>I stand in Fate's despite,&mdash;firm and impassive</p>
+<p>To all that Chance, and Time, and Ruin bring.</p>
+<p>&mdash;In that disastrous day, when this vast world</p>
+<p>Shall, like a tempest-shaken edifice,</p>
+<p>Rock into giant fractures&mdash;as the sound</p>
+<p>Of the Archangel's trump, upon the deep,</p>
+<p>Bids fall the bonds of nature, to let forth</p>
+<p>Destruction's formless fiend from world to world,</p>
+<p>Trampling the stars to darkness,&mdash;Even then,</p>
+<p>Like that proud Roman exile, musing o'er</p>
+<p>The dust of fallen Carthage, I shall stand,</p>
+<p>Myself a solemn wreck, calm and unmoved</p>
+<p>Among the ruins of the works of God.</p>
+<p>And my last look shall be a look of triumph</p>
+<p>O'er the fallen pillars of the deep and sky;</p>
+<p>The wreck of nature by my deeds prepared&mdash;</p>
+<p>Deeds&mdash;which o'erpay the power of Destiny.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h4><i>Blackwood's Magazine.</i></h4>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>THE GATHERER.</h2>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"A snapper-up of unconsidered trifles."</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>SHAKSPEARE.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h3>ON A PICTURE OF HERO AND LEANDER.</h3>
+<h4><i>By T. Hood</i>.</h4>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Why, Lover, why</p>
+<p>Such a water-rover?</p>
+<p>Would she love thee more</p>
+<p>For coming <i>half seas over</i>?</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Why, Lady, why</p>
+<p>So in love with dipping?</p>
+<p>Must a lad of <i>Greece</i></p>
+<p>Come all over <i>dripping</i>?</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Why, Cupid, why</p>
+<p>Make the passage brighter?</p>
+<p>Were not any boat</p>
+<p>Better than a <i>lighter</i>?</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Why, Maiden, why</p>
+<p>So intrusive standing?</p>
+<p>Must thou be on the stair,</p>
+<p>When he's on the <i>landing</i>?</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h4><i>The Gem.</i></h4>
+<hr />
+<p>On a tombstone in the churchyard of Christchurch, Hants, is the
+following curious inscription, which I copied on the spot. Perhaps
+some of your numerous readers can explain the same:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>WE WERE NOT SLAYNE BVT RAYSD</p>
+<p>RAYSD NOT TO LIFE</p>
+<p>BVT TO BE BVRIED TWICE</p>
+<p>BY MEN OF STRIFE</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>WHAT REST COVLD'TH LIVING HAVE</p>
+<p>WHEN DEAD HAD NONE</p>
+<p>AGREE AMONGST YOV</p>
+<p>HERE WE TEN ARE ONE</p>
+<p>HEN: ROGERS DIED APRILL 17, 1641.</p>
+<p class="i6">I R.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<hr />
+<h3>EPICURISM.</h3>
+<p>Thomas a Becket gave five pounds, equivalent to seventy-five
+pounds of the present money, for a dish of eels.</p>
+<h4>HALBERT H.</h4>
+<hr />
+<p>A famous scholar of the last century, when a boy, was
+exceedingly fond of the Greek language, and after he had been a
+short time at school, had acquired so much of the sound of the
+language, that when at home at dinner one day his father said,
+"Shall you not be glad, Harry, when you can tell me the names of
+every dish on the table in Greek?" "Yes," said he; "but I think I
+know what it must be." "Do you?" said the father; "what do you know
+about Greek?"&mdash;"Nothing," said the boy; "but I think I can
+guess from the sound of it what it would be." "Well, say then,"
+said the father. He quickly replied, "Shouldromoton, alphagous,
+pasti-venizon." It appears the dinner consisted of a shoulder of
+mutton, half a goose, and venison pasty.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>SNUFF AND TOBACCO.</h3>
+<p>In the year 1797, was circulated the following proposals for
+publishing by subscription, a History of Snuff and Tobacco, in Two
+Volumes:&mdash;</p>
+<p>Vol. 1.&mdash;To contain a description of the nose&mdash;size of
+noses&mdash;a digression on Roman noses&mdash;whether long noses
+are symptomatic&mdash;origin of tobacco&mdash;tobacco first
+manufactured into snuff&mdash;inquiry who took the first
+pinch&mdash;essay on sneezing&mdash;whether the ancients sneezed,
+and at what&mdash;origin of pocket
+handkerchiefs&mdash;discrimination between snuffing and taking
+snuff; the former only applied to candles&mdash;parliamentary
+snuff-takers&mdash;troubles in the time of Charles I. as connected
+with smoking.</p>
+<p>Vol. 2.&mdash;Snuff-takers in the parliamentary army&mdash;wit
+at a pinch&mdash;oval snuff-boxes first used by the
+roundheads&mdash;manufacture of tobacco pipes&mdash;dissertation on
+pipe-clay&mdash;state of snuff during the commonwealth&mdash;the
+union&mdash;Scotch snuff first introduced&mdash;found very pungent
+and penetrating&mdash;accession of George II.&mdash;snuff-boxes
+then made of gold and silver&mdash;George III.&mdash;Scotch snuff
+first introduced at court&mdash;the queen, German snuffs in
+fashion&mdash;female snuff-takers&mdash;clean tuckers, &amp; c.
+&amp;c&mdash;Index and List of Subscribers.</p>
+<h4>C.F.E.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>THE "ILL WIND," &amp;c.</h3>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>In debt, deserted, and forlorn,</p>
+<p class="i2">A melancholy elf</p>
+<p>Resolved, upon a Monday morn,</p>
+<p class="i2">To go and hang himself.</p>
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page272" name="page272"></a>[pg
+272]</span>
+<p>He reach'd the tree, when lo! he views</p>
+<p class="i2">A pot of gold conceal'd;</p>
+<p>He snatch'd it up, threw down the noose,</p>
+<p class="i2">And scamper'd from the field.</p>
+<p>The owner came&mdash;found out the theft,</p>
+<p class="i2">And, having scratch'd his head,</p>
+<p>Took up the rope the other left,</p>
+<p class="i2">And hung himself, instead.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<hr />
+<h3>OLD COOKERY.</h3>
+<p>Gastronomers will feel a natural desire to know what was
+considered the "best universal sauce in the world," in the boon
+days of Charles II., at least what was accounted such, by the Duke
+of York, who was instructed to prepare it by the Spanish
+ambassador. It consisted of parsley, and a dry toast pounded in a
+mortar, with vinegar, salt, and pepper. The modern English would no
+more relish his royal highness's taste in condiments than in
+religion. A fashionable or cabinet dinner of the same period
+consisted of "a dish of marrow-bones, a leg of mutton, a dish of
+fowl, three pullets, and a dozen larks, all in a dish; a great
+tart, a neat's tongue, a dish of anchovies, a dish of prawns, and
+cheese." At the same period, a supper-dish, when the king supped
+with his mistress, Lady Castlemaine, was "a chine of beef
+roasted."</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>OLD EPITAPH.</h3>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>As I was, so are ye,</p>
+<p>As I am, you shall be.</p>
+<p>That I had, that I gave,</p>
+<p>That I gave, that I have.</p>
+<p>Thus I end all my cost,</p>
+<p>That I left, that I lost.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<hr />
+<h3>IMPROMPTU TO &mdash;&mdash;, ON HER MARRIAGE WITH MR. WILLIAM
+P&mdash;&mdash;.</h3>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">When ladies they wed,</p>
+<p class="i2">It ever is said</p>
+<p>That their <i>freedom</i> away they have thrown;</p>
+<p class="i2">But you've not done so,</p>
+<p class="i2">For we very well know</p>
+<p>You will have a <i>Will</i> of your own.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h4>C.K.W.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>PAINTERS.</h3>
+<p>Lavater affirms, that no one whose person is not well formed can
+become a good physiognomist. Those painters were the best whose
+persons were the handsomest. Reubens, Vandyke, and Raphael
+possessed three gradations of beauty, and possessed three
+gradations of painting.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>ELYSIAN SOUP.</h3>
+<p>The French have a soup which they call "<i>Potage a la
+Camerani</i>" of which it is said "a single spoonful will lap the
+palate in Elysium; and while one drop remains on the tongue, each
+other sense is eclipsed by the voluptuous thrilling of the lingual
+nerves!"</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>A JAPANESE BEAUTY.</h3>
+<p>Her face was oval, her features regular, and her little mouth,
+when open, disclosed a set of shining, black lacquered teeth; her
+hair was black, and rolled up in the form of a turban, without any
+ornament, except a few tortoiseshell combs; she had sparkling, dark
+eyes, was about the middle size, and elegantly formed; her dress
+consisted of six wadded silk garments, similar to our night-gowns,
+each fastened round the lower part of the waist by a separate band,
+and drawn close together from the girdle downwards; they were all
+of different colours, and the uppermost was black.</p>
+<h4>U.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>GOOD LIVING.</h3>
+<p>I hate a fellow who was never young; he is like a dull Italian
+year, where the trees are always in leaf, and when the only way of
+knowing the difference of the seasons is by referring to an
+almanack. The inconstancy of the spring may surely be excused for
+the steady warmth of summer and the rich plenty of autumn; then
+comes the hoar of winter old gentleman, and closes the scene not
+ungracefully.&mdash;<i>Old Play.</i></p>
+<hr />
+<p>Purchasers of the MIRROR, who may wish to complete their sets
+are informed, that every volume is complete in itself, and may be
+purchased separately. The whole of the numbers are now in print,
+and can be procured by giving an order to any Bookseller or
+Newsvender.</p>
+<p>Complete sets Vol I. to XI. in boards, price &pound;2.
+19<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>. half bound, &pound;3. 17<i>s</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<p><i>LIMBIRD'S EDITIONS</i></p>
+<p>CHEAP and POPULAR WORKS published at the MIRROR OFFICE in the
+Strand, near Somerset House.</p>
+<p>The ARABIAN NIGHTS' ENTERTAINMENTS, Embellished with nearly 150
+Engravings. Price 6s. 6d. boards.</p>
+<p>The TALES of the GENII. Price 2s.</p>
+<p>The MICROCOSM. By the Right Hon. G. CANNING. &amp;c. Price
+2s.</p>
+<p>PLUTARCH'S LIVES, with Fifty Portraits, 2 vols. price 13s.
+boards.</p>
+<p>COWPER'S POEMS, with 12 Engravings, price 3s. 6d. boards.</p>
+<p>COOK'S VOYAGES, 2 vols. price 8s. boards.</p>
+<p>The CABINET of CURIOSITIES: or, WONDERS of the WORLD DISPLAYED
+Price 5s. boards.</p>
+<p>BEAUTIES of SCOTT, 2 vols. price 7s. boards.</p>
+<p>GOLDSMITH'S ESSAYS. Price 8d.</p>
+<p>DR. FRANKLIN'S ESSAYS. Price 1s. 2d.</p>
+<p>BACON'S ESSAYS Price 8d.</p>
+<p>SALMAGUNDI. Price 1s. 8d.</p>
+<p>The ARCANA of SCIENCE for 1828. Price 4s. 6d.</p>
+<hr />
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote1" name=
+"footnote1"></a> <b>Footnote 1</b>:<a href=
+"#footnotetag1">(return)</a>
+<p>Here is a stump of wood which denotes the grave of Major
+Labelliere, a deranged officer of the Marines, who, by his own
+request was buried on this spot, with his head downwards; it being
+a constant assertion with him, "that the world was turned
+topsy-turvy, and, therefore, at the end he should be right."</p>
+<p>From this point may be seen <i>Leith Hill</i>, with an old
+prospect tower, within which are interred the remains of another
+eccentric gentleman who died in the neighbourhood. In the road from
+Dorking thence is <i>Wotton</i>, the family seat of the
+Evelyns.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote2" name=
+"footnote2"></a> <b>Footnote 2</b>:<a href=
+"#footnotetag2">(return)</a>
+<p>We know a reverend vicar who once took the trouble to count all
+the quotations from Scripture, which occurred in a charity sermon
+he had just printed: and his great satisfaction at the conclusion
+was, that his was indeed "a scriptural sermon."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11336 ***</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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+This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
+Procedures for determining public domain status are described in
+the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org.
+
+No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in
+jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize
+this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright
+status under the laws that apply to them.
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #11336 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/11336)
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and
+Instruction, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction
+       Vol. 12, Issue 337, October 25, 1828.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: February 27, 2004 [EBook #11336]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 337 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Allen Siddle, David King, and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team
+
+
+
+
+
+THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT AND INSTRUCTION
+
+Vol. XII. No. 337.] SATURDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1828. [PRICE 2d.
+
+
+
+
+Cheese Wring.
+
+(_To the Editor of the Mirror_.)
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+In presenting your readers with a representation of the Wring Cheese, I
+offer a few prefatory remarks connected with the early importance of the
+county in which it stands, venerable in its age, amid the storms of
+elements, and the changes of religions. Its pristine glory has sunk on
+the horizon of Time; but its legend, like a soft twilight of its former
+day, still hallows it in the memories of the surrounding peasantry.
+
+Cornwall is allowed by antiquaries to be the Capiterides; and the Abbé
+de Fontenu, in the _Memoires de Literature_, tom. vii. p. 126, proves,
+according to Vallancey, that the Phoenicians traded here for tin before
+the Trojan war. Homer frequently mentions this metal; and even in
+Scripture we have allusions to this land under the name of Tarshish
+(Ezekiel, c. xxvii., v. 12-25), being the place whence the Tyrians
+procured various metals, and among the rest, the English metal tin. It
+appears that the primitive Greeks had a clearer knowledge of these
+shores than those in after years; and although Homer, in his shield of
+Achilles, describes the earth surrounded by water, yet Herodotus,
+notwithstanding his learning and research, candidly states his ignorance
+in the following words:--"Neither am I better acquainted with the
+islands called Capiterides, from whence _we are said_ to have our tin."
+The knowledge of these shores existed in periods so remote, that it
+faded. We dwindled away into a visionary land--we lived almost in fable.
+The Phoenician left us, and the link of our history was severed. Hyde de
+Religione Vet. Persarum, c. iv. p. 121, supposes Solomon to have traded
+with the Peruvians; and the analogies between the Pyramids in Mexico and
+Egypt confirm the opinion, and sanction the belief that the ancients had
+a more extended knowledge of, and a greater traffic over, the earth than
+history records. In the most early ages, worship was paid to stone
+idols; and the Pagan introduction of statues into temples was of a
+recenter date. The ancient Etruscans, as well as the ancient Egyptians,
+revered the obeliscal stone, (the reason why to the obeliscal stone is
+given by Payne Knight, in his extraordinary work;) nor was it, according
+to Plutarch, till 170 years after the founding of the city that the
+Romans had statues in their temples, their deities being considered
+invisible. Many stone pillars exist in this country, especially in
+Cornwall; and it is a fair inference that the Phoenician imported his
+religious rites in return for his metallic exports--since we find
+mention made of stone pillars in Genesis, xxviii. v. 20; Deuteronomy,
+xxvii. v. 4.; Joshua, xxiv.; 2 Samuel, xx. v. 8.; Judges, ix. v. 6., &c.
+&c. Many are the conjectures as to what purport these stones were used:
+sometimes they were sepulchral, as Jacob's pillar over Rachel, Gen.
+xxxv. 20. Ilus, son of Dardanus, king of Troy, was buried in the plain
+before that city beneath a column, Iliad, xi. 317. Sometimes they were
+erected as trophies, as the one set up by Samuel between Mizpeh and
+Shen, in commemoration of the defeat of the Philistines; one was also
+erected at Murray, in Scotland, as a monument of the fight between
+Malcolm, son of Keneth, and Sueno the Dane. We also find them as
+witnesses to covenants, like that of Jacob and Laban, which, though
+originally an emblem of a civil pact, became afterwards the place of
+worship of the whole twelve tribes of Israel. All these relics, to say
+nothing of the cromlechs in Malabar, bear a silent and solemn testimony
+of some by-gone people, whose religious and civil customs had extended
+wide over the earth. Their monuments remain, but their history has
+perished, and the dust of their bodies has been scattered in the wind.
+The Druids availed themselves of those places most likely to give an
+effect to their vaticinations; and not only obtained, but supported by
+terror the influence they held over the superstitious feelings of our
+earliest forefathers. Where nature presented a _bizarre_ mass of rocks,
+the Druid worked, and peopled it with his gods, the most remarkable of
+which is the subject of our engraving, called the Wring Cheese, or
+Cheese Wring, in the parish of St. Clare, near Liskeard, in Cornwall.
+This singular mass of rocks is 32 feet high. The large stone at the top
+was a logan, or rocking-stone. Geologists are inclined to consider it as
+a natural production, which is probably the case in part, the Druids
+taking advantage of favourable circumstances to convert these crags to
+objects of superstitious reverence. On its summit are two rock basins;
+and it is a well-known fact, that baptism was a Pagan rite of the
+highest antiquity, (vide the Etruscan vases by Gorius.) Here, probably,
+the rude ancestor of our glorious land was initiated amidst the mystic
+ceremonies of the white-robed Druid and his blood-stained sacrifices. A
+similar mass exists at Brimham, York; and in the "History of Waterford,"
+p. 70, mention is made of St. Declan's stone, which, not liking its
+situation, miraculously _swam_ from Rome, conveying on it St. Declan's
+bell and vestment.
+
+J. SILVESTER.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CURIOUS ANCIENT LEGEND.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+In ancienne tyme, and in a goodly towne, neare to Canterbury, sojourned
+a ladie faire. She one nighte, in the absence of her lorde, leaned her
+lovely arme upon a gentleman's, and walked in the fyldes. When
+journeying far, she became afraide, and begged to returne. The
+gentleman, with kyndest sayings and greate courtesey, retraced their
+steps; when in this saide momente, this straynge occurrence came to
+pass--ye raine descended, though the moone and millions of starres were
+shyneing bryght. In journeying home, another straynge occurrence came to
+pass; her coral lippes the gentleman's did meete in sweetest kyss. Thys
+was not straynge at all; but that the moone, that still shone bryghte,
+did in the momente hide herself behynde a cloude: this was straynge,
+most passing straynge indeede. The ladie faire, who prayed to the
+blessed Virgin, did to her confesseur this confession mayk, and her
+confesseur with charitye impromptu wrote:--
+
+  "Whence came the rayne, when first with guileless heart
+  Further to walk she's lothe, and yet more lothe to part?
+  It was not rayne, but angels' pearly teares,
+  In pity dropt to soothe Eliza's feares.
+  Whence came the cloude that veil'd the orb of nighte,
+  When first her lippes she yielded to delyght?
+  It was not cloude, but whylst the world was hush,
+  Mercy put forthe her hande to hide Eliza's blush."
+
+W.G.C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+PICTON'S MONUMENT, CARMARTHEN.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+This interesting national tribute stands at the west end of the town of
+Carmarthen, rising ground, and is erected in memory of the gallant Sir
+Thomas Picton, who terminated his career in the ever-to-be-remembered
+battle of Waterloo. The structure stands about 30 feet high, and is,
+particularly the shaft and architrave, similar to Trajan's pillar in
+Rome; and being built of a very durable material, (black marble,) will
+no doubt stand as many ages as that noble, though now mouldering relic.
+The pillar stands on a square pedestal, with a small door on the east
+side, which fronts the town, where the monument is ascended by a flight
+of steps. Over the door, in large characters, is the hero's name,
+PICTON; and above this, in basso relievo, is represented part of the
+field of battle, with the hero falling from his horse, from the mortal
+wound which he received. Over this, in large letters, is inscribed
+WATERLOO. On the west end is represented the siege of Badajos, Picton
+scaling the walls with a few men, and attacked by the besieged. Above
+this is the word BADAJOS. On the south side of the pedestal is the
+following inscription:--
+
+  Sir THOMAS PICTON,
+
+  Knight Grand Cross of the Military Order of the
+    Bath,
+  Of the Portuguese Order of the Tower and Sword,
+    and of other foreign Orders;
+  Lieutenant-General in the British Army, and
+    Member of Parliament for the Borough of
+    Pembroke,
+  Born at Poyston, in Pembrokeshire, in August,
+    1758;
+  Died at Waterloo on the 18th of June, 1815,
+    Gloriously fighting for his country and the
+    liberties of Europe.
+  Having honourably fulfilled, on behalf of the
+    public, various duties in various climates:
+  And having achieved the highest military renown
+    in the Spanish Peninsula,
+  He thrice received the unanimous thanks of
+    Parliament,
+  And a Monument erected by the British nation
+    in St. Paul's Cathedral
+    Commemorates his death and services,
+  His grateful countrymen, to perpetuate past and
+    incite to future exertions,
+  Have raised this column, under the auspices of
+    his Majesty, King George the Fourth,
+    To the memory of a hero and a Welshman.
+  The plan and design of this Monument was given
+    by our countryman, John Nash, Esq. F.R.S.
+    Architect to the King.
+    The ornaments were executed by
+    E.H. Bailey, Esq. R.A.
+  And the whole was erected by Mr. Daniel
+    Mainwaring, of the town of Carmarthen,
+    In the year 1826 and 1827.
+
+On the north side is the translation of the above in Welsh; and on the
+top of the pedestal, on each side of the square, are trophies. The top
+of the column is also square, and on each side are imitative cannons.
+The statue of the hero surmounts the whole. He is wrapped in a cloak,
+and is supported by a baluster, round which are emblems of spears.
+
+W.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+THE SKETCH BOOK
+
+
+AN HOUR TOO MANY.
+
+
+Hail, land of the kangaroo!--paradise of the bushranger!--purgatory of
+England!--happy scene, where the sheep-stealer is metamorphosed into the
+shepherd; the highwayman is the guardian of the road; the dandy is
+delicate no more, and earns his daily bread; and the Court of Chancery
+is unknown--hail to thee, soil of larceny and love! of pickpockets and
+principle! of every fraud under heaven, and primeval virtue! daughter of
+jails, and mother of empires!--hail to thee, New South Wales! In all my
+years--and I am now no boy--and in all my travels--and I am now at the
+antipodes--I have never heard any maxim so often as, that time is short;
+yet no maxim that ever dropt from human lips is further from the truth.
+I appeal to the experience of mankind--to the three hundred heirs of the
+British peerage, whom their gouty fathers keep out of their honours and
+estates--to the six hundred and sixty-eight candidates for seats in
+parliament, which they must wait for till the present sitters die; or
+turn rebellious to their noble patrons, or their borough patrons, or
+their Jew patrons; or plunge into joint-stock ruin, and expatriate
+themselves, for the astonishment of all other countries, and the benefit
+of their own;--to the six thousand five hundred heroes of the half-pay,
+longing for tardy war;--to the hundred thousand promissory excisemen
+lying on the soul of the chancellor of the ex-chequer, and pining for
+the mortality of every gauger from the Lizard to the Orkneys;--and, to
+club the whole discomfort into one, to the entire race of the fine and
+superfine, who breathe the vital air, from five thousand a year to
+twenty times the rental, the unhappy population of the realms of
+indolence included in Bond Street, St. James's, and the squares.
+
+For my own part, in all my experience of European deficiencies, I have
+never found any deficiency of time. Money went like the wind; champagne
+grew scanty; the trust of tailors ran down to the dregs; the smiles of
+my fair flirts grew rare as diamonds--every thing became as dry, dull,
+and stagnant as the Serpentine in summer; but time never failed me. I
+had a perpetual abundance of a commodity which the philosophers told me
+was beyond price. I had not merely enough for myself, but enough to give
+to others; until I discovered the fact, that it was as little a
+favourite with others as myself, and that, whatever the plausible might
+say, there was nothing on earth for which they would not be more obliged
+to me than a donation of my superfluous time. But now let me give a
+sketch of my story. A single fact is worth a hundred reflections. The
+first consciousness that I remember, was that of having a superabundance
+of time; and my first ingenuity was demanded for getting rid of the
+encumbrance. I had always an hour that perplexed my skill to know what
+to do with this treasure. A schoolboy turn for long excursions in any
+direction but that of my pedagogue, indicative of a future general
+officer; a naturalist-taste for bird-nesting, which, in maturer years,
+would have made me one of the wonders of the Linnaean Society; a passion
+for investigating the inside of every thing, from a Catherine-wheel to a
+China-closet, which would yet have entitled me to the honours of an
+F.R.S.; and an original vigour in the plunder of orchards, which
+undoubtedly might have laid the foundation of a first lord of the
+treasury; were nature's helps to get rid of this oppressive bounty. But
+though I fought the enemy with perpetual vigour and perpetual variety,
+he was not to be put to flight by a stripling; and I went to the
+university as far from being a conqueror as ever. At Oxford I found the
+superabundance of this great gift acknowledged with an openness worthy
+of English candour, and combated with the dexterity of an experience
+five hundred years old. Port-drinking, flirtation, lounging, the
+invention of new ties to cravats, and new tricks on proctors; billiards,
+boxing, and barmaids; seventeen ways of mulling sherry, and as many
+dozen ways of raising "the supplies," were adopted with an adroitness
+that must have baffled all but the invincible. Yet Time was master at
+last; and he always indulged me with a liberality that would have driven
+a less resolute spirit to the bottom of the Isis.
+
+At length I gave way; left the university with my blessing and my debts;
+and rushed up to London, as the grand _place d'armes_, the central spot
+from which the enemy was excluded by the united strength, wit, and
+wisdom of a million and a half of men. I might as well have staid
+bird-nesting in Berkshire. I found the happiest contrivances against the
+universal invader fail. Pigeon-matches; public dinners; coffee-houses;
+bluestocking _reunions_; private morning quadrille practice, with public
+evening exhibitions of their fruits; dilettanti breakfasts, with a
+bronze Hercules standing among the bread and butter, or a reposing cast
+of Venus, fresh from Pompeii, as black and nude as a negress disporting
+on the banks of the Senegal, but dear and delicate to the eyes of taste;
+Sunday mornings at Tattersal's, jockeying till the churches let out
+their population, and the time for visits was come; and Sunday evening
+routs at _the_ duchess's, with a cotillon by the _vraies danseuses_ of
+the opera, followed by a concert, a round game, and a _select_ supper
+for the initiated;--the whole failed. I had always an hour too
+much--sixty mortal minutes, and every one of them an hour in itself,
+that I could never squeeze down.
+
+  "Ye gods, annihilate both space and time,
+  And make two lovers happy,"
+
+may have been called a not over-modest request; but I can vouch for at
+least one half of it being the daily prayer of some thousands of the
+best-dressed people that the sun ever summoned to a day of twenty-four
+hours long. On feeling the symptoms of this horary visitation, I
+regularly rushed into the streets, on the principle that some
+alleviation of misery is always to be found in fellow-suffering. This
+maxim I invariably found false, like every other piece of the boasted
+wisdom of mankind. I found the suffering infinitely increased by the
+association with my fellow-fashionables. A man might as well have fled
+from his chamber to enjoy comfort in the wards of an hospital. In one of
+my marches up and down the _pavé_ of St. James's Street, that treadmill
+of gentlemen convicted in the penalty of having nothing to do, I lounged
+into the little hotel of the Guards, that stands beside the great hotel
+of the gamblers, like a babe under its mamma's wing--the likeness
+admirable, though the scale diminutive. That "hour too many," cost me
+three games of billiards, my bachelor's house, and one thousand pounds.
+This price of sixty minutes startled me a little; and, for a week, I
+meditated with some seriousness on the superior gaiety of a life spent
+in paving the streets, driving a wagon, or answering the knocker of a
+door. But the "hour" again overflowed me. I was walking it off in Regent
+Street, when an old fellow-victim met me, and prescribed a trot to
+Newmarket. The prescription was taken, and the hour was certainly got
+rid of. But the remedy was costly; for my betting-book left me minus ten
+thousand pounds. I returned to town like a patient from a
+watering-place; relieved of every thing but the disease that took me
+there. My last shilling remained among the noble blacklegs; but nothing
+could rob me of a fragment of my superfluous time, and I brought even a
+tenfold allowance of it back. But every disease has a crisis; and when a
+lounge through the streets became at once useless and inconvenient--when
+the novelty of being cut by all my noble friends, and of being seduously
+followed by that generation who, unlike the fickle world, reserve their
+tipstaff attentions for the day of adversity, had lost its zest, and I
+was thinking whether time was to be better fought off by a plunge to the
+bottom of the Thames, or by the muzzle of one of Manton's hair-
+triggers--I was saved by a plunge into the King's Bench. There life was
+new, friendship was undisguised, my coat was not an object of scorn, my
+exploits were fashion, my duns were inadmissible, and my very captors
+were turned into my humble servants. There, too, my nature, always
+social, had its full indulgence; for there I found, rather to my
+surprise, nine-tenths of my most accomplished acquaintance. But the
+enemy still made his way; and I had learned to yawn, in spite of
+billiards and ball-playing, when _the_ Act let me loose into the great
+world again. Good-luck, too, had prepared a surprise for my _debut_. I
+had scarcely exhibited myself in the streets, when I discovered that
+every man of my _set_ was grown utterly blind whenever I happened to
+walk on the same side of the way, and that I might as well have been
+buried a century. I was absurd enough to be indignant; for nothing can
+be more childish than any delicacy when a man cannot bet on the rubber.
+But one morning a knock came to my attic-door which startled me by its
+professional vigour. An attorney entered. I had now nothing to fear, for
+the man whom no one will trust cannot well be in debt; and for once I
+faced an attorney without a palpitation. His intelligence was
+flattering. An old uncle of mine, who had worn out all that was human
+about him in amassing fifty thousand pounds, and finally died of
+starving himself, had expired with the pen in his hand, in the very act
+of leaving his thousands to pay the national debt. But fate, propitious
+to me, had dried up his ink-bottle; the expense of replenishing it would
+have broken his heart of itself; and the attorney's announcement to me
+was, that the will, after blinding the solicitor to the treasury and
+three of his clerks, was pronounced to be altogether illegible.
+
+The fact that I was the nearest of kin got into the newspapers; and in
+my first drive down St. James's, I had the pleasure of discovering that
+I had cured a vast number of my friends of their calamitous defect of
+vision. But if the "post equitem sedet atra cura" was the maxim in the
+days of Augustus, the man who drives the slower cabriolet in the days of
+George the Fourth, cannot expect to escape. The "hour too many" overtook
+me in the first week. On one memorable evening I saw it coming, just as
+I turned the corner of Piccadilly; fair flight was hopeless, and I took
+refuge in that snug asylum on the right hand of St. James's Street,
+which has since expanded into a palace. I stoutly battled the foe, for I
+"took no note of time" during the next day and night; and when at last I
+walked forth into the air, I found that I had relieved myself of the
+burden of three-fourths of my reversion. A weak mind on such an occasion
+would have cursed the cards, and talked of taking care of the fragment
+of his property; but mine was of the higher order, and I determined on
+revenge. I had my revenge, and saw my winners ruined. They had their
+consolation, and at the close of a six months' campaign saw me walk into
+the streets a beggar. I grew desperate, and was voted dangerous. I
+realized the charge by fastening on a noble lord who had been one of the
+most adroit in pigeoning me. His life was "too valuable to his country,"
+or himself, to allow him to meet a fellow whose life was of no use to
+any living thing; and through patriotism and the fear of being shot, he
+kept out of my way. I raged, threatened to post his lordship, and was in
+the very act of writing out the form of the placard declaring the noble
+heir of the noble house of ---- a cheat and a scoundrel, when by the
+twopenny-post I received a notice from the Horse Guards that I was on
+that day to appear in the Gazette as an ensign in his majesty's ----
+regiment, then serving in the Peninsula, with orders to join without
+delay. This was enough from his lordship, and was certainly better for
+me than running the chance of damages in the King's Bench, for provoking
+his majesty's subjects to a breach of the peace.
+
+I was gazetted, tried on my uniform before the mirror, entirely approved
+of my appearance, and wrote my last letter to my last flirt. The
+Portsmouth mail was to start at eight. I had an hour to spare, and
+sallied into the street. I met an honest-faced old acquaintance as much
+at a loss as myself to slay the hour. We were driven by a shower into
+shelter. The rattle of dice was heard within a green-baize-covered door.
+We could not stay for ever shivering on the outside. Fortune favoured
+me; in half an hour I was master of a thousand pounds; it would have
+been obvious folly and ingratitude to check the torrent of success for
+the paltry prospects of an ensigncy. I played on, and won on. The clock
+struck eight. I will own that I trembled as the first sound caught my
+ear. But whether nervous or not, from that instant the torrent was
+checked. The loss and gain became alternate. Wine was brought in; I
+played in furious scorn of consequences. I saw the board covered with
+gold. I swept it into my stake; I soon saw my stake reduced to nothing.
+My eyes were dazzled, my hand shook, my brain was on fire, I sang,
+danced, roared with exultation or despair. How the night closed, I know
+not; but I found myself at last in a narrow room, surrounded with
+squalidness, its only light from a high-barred window, and its only
+furniture the wooden tressel on which I lay, fierce, weary, and
+feverish, as if I lay on the rack. From this couch of the desperate, I
+was carried into the presence of a magistrate, to hear that in the
+_mélée_ of the night before, I had in my rage charged my honest-faced
+acquaintance with palpable cheating; and having made good my charge by
+shewing the loaded dice in his hand, had knocked him down with a
+violence that made his recovery more than doubtful. He had seen my name
+in the Gazette, and had watched me for the express purpose of final
+plunder. The wretch died. I was brought to trial, found guilty of
+manslaughter, and sentenced to seven years' expatriation. Fortunate
+sentence! On my arrival in New South Wales, as I was found a perfect
+gentleman, and fit for nothing, there was no resource but to make me try
+the labour of my hands. Fortunate labour! From six at morning till six
+at night, I had the spade or the plough in my hands. I dragged carts, I
+delved rocks, I hewed trees; I had not a moment to spare. The appetite
+that once grew languid over venison, now felt the exquisite delight of
+junk beef. The thirst that scorned champagne was now enraptured with
+spring water. The sleep that had left me many a night tossing
+within-side the curtains of a hundred-and-fifty-guinea Parisian bed, now
+came on the roughest piece of turf, and made the planks of my cabin
+softer than down. I can now run as fast as one of my Newmarket stud,
+pull down a buffalo, and catch a kangaroo by the tail in fair field.
+Health, vigour, appetite, and activity, are my superabundance now. I
+have every thing but time. My banishment expires to-morrow; but I shall
+never recross the sea. This is my country. Since I set my foot upon its
+shore I have never had a moment to yawn. In this land of real and
+substantial life, the spectre that haunted my joyless days dares not be
+seen--the "hour too many" is no more.
+
+_The Forget-Me-Not_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+MANNERS & CUSTOMS OF ALL NATIONS.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+SELLING MEAT AMONG THE ANCIENT ROMANS, &c.
+
+
+It was the custom for the buyer to shut his eyes, and the seller to hold
+up some of his fingers; if the buyer guessed aright, how many it was the
+other held up, he was to fix the price; if he mistook, the seller was to
+fix it. These classic _blind-bargains_ would not suit the
+Londonbutchers. This custom was abolished by Apronius, the prefect of
+Rome; who in lieu thereof, introduced the method of selling by weight.
+Among the ancient Romans there were three kinds of established butchers,
+viz. two colleges or companies, composed each of a certain number of
+citizens, whose office was to furnish the city with the necessary
+cattle, and to take care of preparing and vending their flesh. One of
+these communities was at first confined to the providing of hogs, whence
+they were called _suarii_; and the other two were charged with cattle,
+especially oxen, whence they were called _pecuarii_, or _boarii_. Under
+each of these was a subordinate class, whose office was to kill,
+prepare, &c. called _lanii_, and sometimes _carnifices_.
+
+Two English poets (Swift and Gay) have been rather severe towards the
+London butchers, the former says,--
+
+  "Hence he learnt the _Butcher's_ guile,
+  How to cut your throat, and smile;
+  Like a _butcher_ doom'd for life,
+  In his mouth to wear his knife."
+
+The latter,--
+
+  ----"resign the way,
+  To shun the surly _butcher's_ greasy tray:
+  _Butchers_, whose hands are died with blood's foul stain,
+  And always foremost in the hangman's train."
+
+The butchers' company was not incorporated until the 3rd year of King
+James I. when they were made a _Corporation_, by the name of master,
+wardens and commonalty of the art and mystery of butchers; yet the
+fraternity is ancient.
+
+Stowe says, "In the 3rd of Richard II. motion was made that no butcher
+should kill any flesh within London, but at Knightsbridge, or such like
+distant place from the walls of the citie."
+
+P.T.W.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+STUMBLING AT THE THRESHOLD.
+
+
+The phrase, "to stumble at the threshold," originated in the
+circumstance, that the old thresholds, or steps under the door, were
+like the hearths, raised a little, so that a person might stumble over
+them, unless proper care were taken. A very whimsical reason for this
+practice is given in a curious little tract by Sir Balthazar Gerbier,
+entitled, "Council and Advice to all Builders," 1663, in these
+words:--"A good surveyor shuns also the ordering of doores with
+stumbling thresholds, though our forefathers affected them, perchance to
+perpetuate the antient custome of bridegroomes, when formerly at their
+return from church they did use to lift up their bride, and to knock her
+head against that of the doore, for a remembrance that she was not to
+pass the threshold of her house without leave."
+
+W.G.C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CHINESE PHYSICIANS.
+
+
+The charitable dispensation of medicines by the Chinese, is well
+deserving notice. They have a stone which is ten cubits high, erected in
+the public squares of their cities; whereon is engraved the name of all
+sorts of medicines, with the price of each, and when the poor stand in
+need of relief from physic, they go to the treasury to receive the price
+each medicine is rated at.
+
+The physicians of China have only to feel the arm of their patient in
+three places, and to observe the rate of the pulse, to form an opinion
+on the cause, nature, danger, and duration of the malady. Without the
+patient speaking at all, they can tell infallibly what part is attacked
+with disease, whether the brain, the heart, the liver, the lungs, the
+intestines, the stomach, the flesh, the bones, and so on. As they are
+both physicians and apothecaries, and prepare their own medicines, they
+are paid only when they effect a cure. If the same rule were introduced
+with us, I fear we should have fewer physicians.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+THE TOPOGRAPHER
+
+
+BOX HILL.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+This celebrated eminence is situated in the north range of chalk hills,
+beginning near Farnham, in Surrey, and extending from thence to
+Folkstone, in Kent. Camden calls it _White Hill_, from its chalky soil;
+but Box Hill is its true and ancient name. The box-tree is, in all
+probability, the natural produce of the soil; but a generally received
+story is, that the box was planted there by Thomas, Earl of Arundel,
+between two and three centuries ago. There is, however, authentic
+evidence of its being here long before his time, for Henry de Buxeto
+(i.e. Henry of Box Hill) and Adam de Buxeto were witnesses to deeds in
+the reign of King John.
+
+John Evelyn, who wrote about the middle of the seventeenth century,
+says, "Box-trees rise naturally at Kent in Bexley; and in Surrey, giving
+name to Box Hill. He that in winter should behold some of our highest
+hills in Surrey, clad with whole woods of them, might easily fancy
+himself transported into some new or enchanted country."
+
+In Aubrey's posthumous work on Surrey, published in 1718, the northern
+part of the hill is described as thickly covered with yew-trees, and the
+southern part with "thick boscages of box-trees," which "yielded a
+convenient privacy for lovers, who frequently meet here, so that it is
+an English Daphne." He also tells us that the gentry often resorted here
+from Ebbesham (_Epsom_), then in high fashion. Philip Luckombe, in his
+"England's Gazetteer," says, on Box Hill "there is a large warren, but
+no houses; only arbours cut out in the box-wood on the top of the hill,
+where are sold refreshments of all sorts, for the ladies and gentlemen
+who come hither to divert themselves in its labyrinths; for which reason
+a certain author has thought fit to call it the Palace of Venus, and the
+Temple of Nature; there being an enchanting prospect from it of a fine
+country, which is scarce to be equalled for affording so surprising and
+magnificent an idea both of earth and sky."
+
+But these delightful retreats, like Arcadia of old, have long since
+vanished. The _yews_ were cut down in the year 1780; and their
+successors fall very short of the luxuriant descriptions of old
+topographers. The _box_ has also at various times produced the
+proprietors of the estate great profit. In 1608, the receipt for
+box-trees cut down upon the sheepwalk on the hill was 50_l_.; in an
+account taken in 1712, it is supposed that as much had been cut down,
+within a few years before, as amounted to 3,000_l_.; and in 1759, a Mr.
+Miller lamented that "the trees on Box Hill had been pretty much
+destroyed; though many remained of considerable bigness."
+
+An immense quantity of box is annually consumed in this country, in the
+revived art of engraving on wood. The English is esteemed inferior to
+that which comes from the Levant; and the American box is said to be
+preferable to ours. But the ships from the Levant brought such
+quantities of it in ballast, that the wood on Box Hill could not find a
+purchaser, and not having been cut for sixty-five years, was growing
+cankered. The war diminished the influx from the Mediterranean; several
+purchasers offered; and in 1795 it was put up to auction at 12,000_l_.
+The depredations made on Box Hill, in consequence of this sale, did not
+injure its picturesque beauty, as twelve years were allowed for cutting,
+which gave each portion a reasonable time to renew. In 1802, forty tons
+were cut, but the market being overstocked, it fell in value more than
+fifty per cent.; and the foreign wood is now universally preferred for
+engravings. The trees on Box Hill are, however, again flourishing,
+although their value is rather problematical.
+
+For the information of the home tourist, perhaps, I ought to mention
+that Box Hill stands about 22 miles on the left of the road from London
+to Worthing, Brighton, and Bognor, and about 2 miles N.E. of the town of
+Dorking. The road from Leatherhead hence is a constant succession of
+hill and dale, richly clothed with wood, interspersed with elegant
+villas in all tastes--from the pillared and plastered mansion, to the
+borrowed charm of the _cottage orne_. The whole of this district is
+called the Vale of _Norbury_, from the romantic domain of that name,
+which extends over a great portion of the hills on the right of the
+road. Shortly before you reach Box Hill, stands _Mickleham_, a little
+village with an ivy-mantled church, rich in Saxon architecture and other
+antiquities. You then descend into a valley, passing some delightful
+meadow scenery, and the showy mansion of Sir Lucas Pepys, which rises
+from a flourishing plantation on the left. In the valley stands Juniper
+Hall, late the seat of Mr. Thomas Broadwood, the piano-forte
+manufacturer. In the park are some of the finest cedars in England. On
+again ascending, you catch a fine view of Box Hill, and the
+amphitheatrical range of opposite hills, with one of the most
+magnificent _parterres_ in nature. This is called, by old writers, the
+_Garden of Surrey_.
+
+You pass some flint-built cottages, and quitting the road here, the
+ascent to Box Hill is gradual and untiring, across a field of little
+slopes, studded with a few yew-trees, relics of by-gone days. The ascent
+further down the road almost amounts to a feat, assisted by the
+foot-worn paces in the chalky steep. Here this portion of the hill
+resembles an immense wall of _viretum_, down whose side has been poured
+liquid mortar. The path winds along the verge of the hill, whilst on the
+left is a valley or little ravine, whose sides are clothed with thick
+dwarfish box, intermingled with the wild and trackless luxuriance of
+forest scenery. Hence the road stretches away to Ashurst, the neat
+residence of Mr. Strahan, the King's printer.
+
+Returning to the verge of the hill, you soon reach the _apex_, or
+highest point, being 445 feet from the level of the Mole.[1] Here you
+enjoy what the French call a _coup d'oeil_, or I would rather say, _a
+bird's-eye view_, of unparalleled beauty. Taking the town of Dorking for
+a resting point, the long belt is about twelve miles in extent. The
+outline or boundary commences from the eminence on which I am supposed
+to be standing--with Brockham Hill, whose steep was planted by the late
+duke of Norfolk, and whence the chain extends away towards the great
+Brighton road. Next in the curve are Betchworth Castle and Park, with
+majestic avenues of limes and elms, and fine old chestnut-trees.
+Adjoining, is the Deepdene, the classical seat of the author of
+"Anastasius," a place, says Salmon, "well calculated for the religious
+rites of the Celts," and consecrated by the philosophical pursuits of
+the Hon. Charles Howard, who built an oratory and laboratory, and died
+here in 1714. Next are several fir-crowned ridges, which shelter Bury
+Hill, the mansion of Mr. Barclay, the opulent brewer; whence you ascend
+the opposite line of hills, till you reach Denbies, nearly facing the
+most prominent point of Box Hill. This elegant seat is the abode of Mr.
+Denison, one of the county members, and brother of the Marchioness of
+Conyngham. The second range or ledge, beneath Denbies, is the celebrated
+Dorking lime-works. The transition to the Norbury Hills, already
+mentioned, is now very short, which completes the outline of the view.
+It should, however, be remarked that the scenery within this range can
+be distinctly enjoyed without the aid of art; whilst beyond it the
+prospect extends, and fades away in the South Downs on one hand, and
+beyond the metropolis on the other.
+
+The little _parterre_ to be described, includes the sheltered town of
+Dorking, environed with rich lawny slopes, variegated with villas in the
+last taste; and little heights, from whose clustering foliage peeps the
+cottage roof of humble life. But the Paradise immediately at the foot of
+Box Hill is the gem of the whole scene, and is one of the most perfect
+pictures of rural beauty which pen or pencil can attempt. It appears
+like an assemblage of every rural charm in a few acres, in whose
+disposal nature has done much, and art but little. Park, lawn, woody
+walk, slope, wilderness and dell are among its varieties; and its quiet
+is only broken by the sluggish stream of the Mole. Adjoining is a little
+inn, more like one of the picturesque _auberges_ of the continent than
+an English house of cheer. The grounds are ornamented with rustic
+alcoves, boscages, and a bowery walk, all in good taste. Here hundreds
+of tourists pass a portion of "the season," as in a "loop-hole of
+retreat." In the front of the inn, however, the stream of life glides
+fast; and a little past it, the road crosses the Mole by Burford Bridge,
+and winds with geometrical accuracy through the whole of this hasty
+sketch.
+
+PHILO.
+
+    [1] Here is a stump of wood which denotes the grave of Major
+    Labelliere, a deranged officer of the Marines, who, by his own
+    request was buried on this spot, with his head downwards; it
+    being a constant assertion with him, "that the world was turned
+    topsy-turvy, and, therefore, at the end he should be right."
+
+    From this point may be seen _Leith Hill_, with an old prospect
+    tower, within which are interred the remains of another
+    eccentric gentleman who died in the neighbourhood. In the road
+    from Dorking thence is _Wotton_, the family seat of the Evelyns.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+NOTES OF A READER
+
+
+THE UNIVERSAL PRAYER AND OTHER POEMS.
+
+
+We usually leave criticism to the _grey-beards_, or such as have passed
+the _viginti annorum lucubrationes_ of reviewing. It kindles so many
+little heart-burnings and jealousies, that we rejoice it is not part of
+our duty. To be sure, we sometimes take up a book in real earnest, read
+it through, and have _our say_ upon its merits; but this is only a
+gratuitous and occasional freak, just to keep up our oracular
+consequence. In the present case, we do not feel disposed to exercise
+this privilege, further than in a very few words--merely to say that Mr.
+Robert Montgomery has published a volume of Poems under the above
+title--that the poems are of unequal merit, and that like Virgil, his
+excellence lies in describing scenes of darkness.
+
+The "Universal Prayer" is a devotional outpouring of a truly poetical
+soul, with as much new imagery as the subject would admit; and if
+_scriptural_ poems be estimated in the ratio of _scriptural_ sermons,
+the merit of the former is of the first order.[2]
+
+From the other poems we have detached the following beautiful
+specimens:--
+
+CONSUMPTION.
+
+  With step as noiseless as the summer air,
+  Who comes in beautiful decay?--her eyes
+  Dissolving with a feverish glow of light,
+  Her nostrils delicately closed, and on
+  Her cheek a rosy tint, as if the tip
+  Of Beauty's finger faintly press'd it there,--
+  Alas! Consumption is her name.
+  Thou loved and loving one!
+  From the dark languish of thy liquid eye,
+  So exquisitely rounded, darts a ray
+  Of truth, prophetic of thine early doom;
+  And on thy placid cheek there is a print
+  Of death,--the beauty of consumption there.
+  Few note that fatal bloom; for bless'd by all,
+  Thou movest through thy noiseless sphere, the life,
+  Of one,--the darling of a thousand hearts.
+  Yet in the chamber, o'er some graceful task
+  When delicately bending, oft unseen,
+  Thy mother marks then with that musing glance
+  That looks through cunning time, and sees thee stretch'd
+  A shade of being, shrouded for the tomb.
+  The Day is come, led gently on by Death;
+  With pillow'd head all gracefully reclined,
+  And grape-like curls in languid clusters wreath'd,
+  Within a cottage room she sits to die;
+  Where from the window, in a western view,
+  Majestic ocean rolls.--A summer eve
+  Shines o'er the earth, and all the glowing air
+  Stirs faintly, like a pulse; against the shore
+  The waves unrol them with luxurious joy,
+  While o'er the midway deep she looks, where like
+  A sea god glares the everlasting Sun
+  O'er troops of billows marching in his beam!--
+  From earth to heaven, from heaven to earth, her eyes
+  Are lifted, bright with wonder and with awe,
+  Till through each vein reanimation rolls!
+  'Tis past; and now her filmy glance is fix'd
+  Upon the heavens, as though her spirit gazed
+  On that immortal world, to which 'tis bound:
+  The sun hath sunk.--her soul hath fled without
+  A pang, and left her lovely in her death,
+  And beautiful as an embodied dream.
+
+MORTALITY.
+
+  All that we love and feel on Nature's face,
+  Bear dim relations to our common doom.
+  The clouds that blush, and die a beamy death,
+  Or weep themselves away in rain,--the streams
+  That flow along in dying music,--leaves
+  That fade, and drop into the frosty arms
+  Of Winter, there to mingle with dead flowers,--
+  Are all prophetic of our own decay.
+
+BEAUTY
+
+  How oft, as unregarded on a throng
+  Of lovely creatures, in whose liquid eyes
+  The heart-warm feelings bathe, I've look'd
+  With all a Poet's passion, and have wish'd
+  That years might never pluck their graceful smiles--
+  How often Death, as with a viewless wand,
+  Has touch'd the scene, and witch'd it to a tomb!
+  Where Beauty dwindled to a ghastly wreck,
+  And spirits of the Future seem'd to cry,--
+  Thus will it be when Time has wreak'd revenge.
+
+MELANCHOLY.
+
+  When mantled with the melancholy glow
+  Of eve, she wander'd oft: and when the wind,
+  Like a stray infant down autumnal dales
+  Roam'd wailingly, she loved to mourn and muse:
+  To commune with the lonely orphan flowers,
+  And through sweet Nature's ruin trace her own.
+
+VISION OF HEAVEN.
+
+  An empyrean infinitely vast
+  And irridescent, roof'd with rainbows, whose
+  Transparent gleams like water-shadows shone,
+  Before me lay: Beneath this dazzling vault--
+  I felt, but cannot paint the splendour there!
+  Glory, beyond the wonder of the heart
+  To dream, around interminably blazed.
+  A spread of fields more beautiful than skies
+  Flush'd with the flowery radiance of the west;
+  Valleys in greenest glory, deck'd with trees
+  That trembled music to the ambrosial airs
+  That chanted round them,--vein'd with glossy streams,
+  That gush'd, like feelings from a raptured soul:
+  Such was the scenery;--with garden walks,
+  Delight of angels and the blest, where flowers
+  Perennial bloom, and leaping fountains breathe,
+  Like melted gems, a gleaming mist around!
+  Here fruits for ever ripe, on radiant boughs,
+  Droop temptingly; here all that eye and heart
+  Enrapts, in pure perfection is enjoy'd;
+  And here o'er flowing paths with agate paved,
+  Immortal Shapes meander and commune.
+  While with permissive gaze I glanced the scene,
+  A whelming tide of rich-toned music roll'd,
+  Waking delicious echoes, as it wound
+  From Melody's divinest fount! All heaven
+  Glow'd bright, as, like a viewless river, swell'd
+  The deepening music!--Silence came again!
+  And where I gazed, a shrine of cloudy fire
+  Flamed redly awful; round it Thunder walk'd,
+  And from it Lightning look'd out most sublime!
+  Here throned in unimaginable bliss
+  And glory, sits The One Eternal Power,
+  Creator, Lord, and Life of All: Again,
+  Stillness ethereal reign'd, and forth appear'd
+  Elysian creatures robed in fleecy light,
+  Together flocking from celestial haunts,
+  And mansions of purpureal mould; the Host
+  Of heaven assembled to adore with harp
+  And hymn, the First and Last, the Living God;
+  They knelt,--a universal choir, and glow'd
+  More beauteous while they breathed the chant divine,
+  And Hallelujah! Hallelujah! peal'd,
+  And thrill'd the concave with harmonious joy.
+
+VISION OF HELL.
+
+  Apart, upon a throne of living fire
+  The Fiend was seated; in his eye there shone
+  The look that dared Omnipotence; the light
+  Of sateless vengeance, and sublime despair.--
+  He sat amid a burning world, and saw
+  Tormented myriads, whose blaspheming shrieks
+  Were mingled with the howl of hidden floods,
+  And Acherontine groans; of all the host,
+  The only dauntless he. As o'er the wild
+  He glanced, the pride of agony endured
+  Awoke, and writhed through all his giant frame,
+  That redden'd, and dilated, like a sun!
+  Till moved by some remember'd bliss, or joy
+  Of paradisal hours, or to supply
+  The cravings of infernal wrath,--he bade
+  The roar of Hell be hush'd,--and silence was!
+  He called the cursed,--and they flash'd from cave
+  And wild--from dungeon and from den they came,
+  And stood an unimaginable mass
+  Of spirits, agonized with burning pangs:
+  In silence stood they, while the Demon gazed
+  On all, and communed with departed Time,
+  From whence his vengeance such a harvest reap'd.
+
+BEAUTIFUL INFLUENCES.
+
+  Who hath not felt the magic of a voice,--
+  Its spirit haunt him in romantic hours?
+  Who hath not heard from Melody's own lips
+  Sounds that become a music to his mind?--
+  Music is heaven! and in the festive dome,
+  When throbs the lyre, as if instinct with life,
+  And some sweet mouth is full of song,--how soon
+  A rapture flows from eye to eye, from heart
+  To heart--while floating from the past, the forms
+  We love are recreated, and the smile
+  That lights the cheek is mirror'd on the heart!
+  So beautiful the influence of sound,
+  There is a sweetness in the homely chime
+  Of village bells: I love to hear them roll
+  Upon the breeze; like voices from the dead,
+  They seem to hail us from a viewless world.
+
+    [2] We know a reverend vicar who once took the trouble to count
+    all the quotations from Scripture, which occurred in a charity
+    sermon he had just printed: and his great satisfaction at the
+    conclusion was, that his was indeed "a scriptural sermon."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PERSECUTION OF THE JEWS.
+
+
+We know it to be a fact, that a Jew, an artist of reputation, who had
+conceived a great confidence in a Christian engaged in the promotion of
+the conversion of the Israelites, revealed to him, that both he and his
+brother had been Christians from their childhood from having been bred
+up amongst Christians, but were too indignant at the treatment which
+they and their brethren met with at Christian hands, to profess
+Christianity; and he earnestly pleaded, as essential to their being
+induced to receive the gospel, that those who participate in the attempt
+should approach them with a language of decided affection for
+Israel.--_Q. Rev._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ABSENTEES
+
+
+Soon become detached from all habitual employments and duties; the
+salutary feeling of home is lost; early friendships are dissevered, and
+life becomes a vague and restless state, freed, it may seem, from many
+ties, but yet more destitute of the better and purer pleasures of
+existence.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ITINERANT OPERAS.
+
+
+The first performance of the _opera seria_ at Rome, in 1606, consisted
+of scenes in recitative and airs, exhibited in a _cart_ during the
+carnival.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE GAMUT.
+
+
+Guido D'Arezzo, a monk of the 13th century, in the solitude of his
+convent, made the grand discovery of counterpoint, or the science of
+harmony, as distinguished from melody; he also invented the present
+system of notation, and gave those names to the sounds of the diatonic
+scale still in use:--_ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si_; these being the
+first syllables of the first six lines of a hymn to St. John the
+Baptist, written in monkish Latin; and they seem to have been adopted
+without any special reason, from the caprice of the musician.--_Foreign
+Rev._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+It is said that the first church was erected at Glastonbury; and this
+tradition may seem to deserve credit, because it was not contradicted in
+those ages when other churches would have found it profitable to advance
+a similar pretension. The building is described as a rude structure of
+wicker-work, like the dwellings of the people in those days, and
+differing from them only in its dimensions, which were threescore feet
+in length, and twenty-six in breadth. An abbey was afterwards erected
+there, one of the finest of those edifices, and one of the most
+remarkable for the many interesting circumstances connected with it. The
+destruction of this beautiful and venerable fabric is one of the crimes
+by which our reformation was sullied.--_Southey_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+GHOST STORY, BY M.G. LEWIS.
+
+
+A gentleman journeying towards the house of a friend, who lived on the
+skirts of an extensive forest, in the east of Germany, lost his way. He
+wandered for some time among the trees, when he saw a light at a
+distance. On approaching it he was surprised to observe that it
+proceeded from the interior of a ruined monastery. Before he knocked at
+the gate he thought it proper to look through the window. He saw a
+number of cats assembled round a small grave, four of whom were at that
+moment letting down a coffin with a crown upon it. The gentleman
+startled at this unusual sight, and, imagining that he had arrived at
+the retreats of fiends or witches, mounted his horse and rode away with
+the utmost precipitation. He arrived at his friend's house at a late
+hour, who sat up waiting for him. On his arrival his friend questioned
+him as to the cause of the traces of agitation visible in his face. He
+began to recount his adventures after much hesitation, knowing that it
+was scarcely possible that his friend should give faith to his relation.
+No sooner had he mentioned the coffin with the crown upon it, than his
+friend's cat, who seemed to have been lying asleep before the fire,
+leaped up, crying out, "Then I am king of the cats;" and then scrambled
+up the chimney, and was never seen more.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+RIDICULOUS MISTAKE.
+
+
+A quantity of Worcestershire china being sent to the _Nawaab_ at
+Lucknow, in India, from England, he was as impatient to open it as a
+child would be with a new plaything; and immediately gave orders for
+invitations to be sent to the whole settlement for a breakfast, _à la
+fourchette_, next morning. Tables were accordingly spread for upwards of
+a hundred persons, including his ministers and officers of state.
+Nothing could be more splendid than the general appearance of this
+entertainment; but the dismay may be more easily imagined than
+described, on discovering that the servants had mistaken certain
+utensils for milk-bowls, and had actually placed about twenty of them,
+filled with that beverage, along the centre of the table. The
+consequence was, the English part of the company declined taking any;
+upon which the _Nawaab_ innocently remarked, "I thought that the English
+were fond of milk." Some of them had much difficulty to keep their
+countenances.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS
+
+
+ENGLISH COUNTRY LIFE.
+
+
+The country seats of England form, indeed, one of the most remarkable
+features, not only in English landscape, but yet more in what may be
+termed the genius and economy of English manners. Their great number
+throughout the country, the varied grandeur and beauty of their parks
+and gardens, the extent, magnificence, and various architecture of the
+houses, the luxurious comfort and completeness of their internal
+arrangements, and their relation generally to the character of the
+peasantry surrounding them, justify fully the expression we have used.
+No where has this mode of life attained so high a degree of perfection
+and refinement. We will allude to two circumstances, amongst many
+others, in illustration. The first of these is, the very great number of
+valuable libraries belonging to our family seats. It has been sometimes
+remarked as singular, that England should possess so few great public
+libraries, while a poorer country, like Germany, can boast of its
+numerous and vast collections at Vienna, Prague, Munich, Stutgard,
+Goettingen, Wolfenbuttel, &c. The fact is partly explained by the many
+political divisions and capitals, and by the number of universities in
+Germany. But a further explanation may be found in the innumerable
+private libraries dispersed throughout England--many of them equal to
+public ones in extent and value, and most of them well furnished in
+classics, and in English and French literature.
+
+The other peculiarity we would name about our English country-houses is,
+that they do not insulate their residents from the society and business
+of active life; which insulation is probably a cause, why so many
+proprietors in other countries pass their whole time in the metropolis
+or larger towns. The facility and speed of communication in England link
+together all places, however remote, and all interests, political and
+social, of the community. The country gentleman, sitting at his
+breakfast table a hundred miles from London, receives the newspapers
+printed there the night before; his books come to him still damp from
+the press; and the debates in parliament travel to every country-house
+in England within fifty or sixty hours of the time when they have taken
+place. The like facility exists as to provincial interests of every
+kind. The nobleman or country gentleman is a public functionary within
+his district, and no man residing on his estates is, or need feel
+himself, unimportant to the community. _Quarterly Rev._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FLOWERS.
+
+
+When summer's delightful season arrives, rarely in this country too warm
+to be enjoyed throughout the day in the open air, there is nothing more
+grateful than a profusion of choice flowers around and within our
+dwellings. The humblest apartments ornamented with these beautiful
+productions of nature have, in my view, a more delightful effect than
+the proudest saloons with gilded ceilings and hangings of Genoa velvet.
+The richness of the latter, indeed, would be heightened, and their
+elegance increased, by the judicious introduction of flowers and foliage
+into them. The odour of flowers, the cool appearance of the dark green
+leaves of some species, and the beautiful tints and varied forms of
+others, are singularly grateful to the sight, and refreshing at the same
+time. Vases of Etruscan mould, containing plants of the commonest kind,
+offer those lines of beauty which the eye delights in following; and
+variform leaves hanging festooned over them, and shading them if they be
+of a light colour, with a soft grateful hue, add much to their pleasing
+effect. These decorations are simple and cheap.
+
+Lord Bacon, whose magnificence of mind exempts him from every objection
+as a model for the rest of mankind, (in all but the unfortunate error to
+which, perhaps, his sordid pursuit in life led him, to the degradation
+of his nobler intellect), was enthusiastically attached to flowers, and
+kept a succession of them about him in his study and at his table. Now
+the union of books and flowers is more particularly agreeable. Nothing,
+in my view, is half so delightful as a library set off with these
+beautiful productions of the earth during summer, or indeed, any other
+season of the year. A library or study, opening on green turf, and
+having the view of a distant rugged country, with a peep at the ocean
+between hills, a small fertile space forming the nearest ground, and an
+easy chair and books, is just as much of local enjoyment as a thinking
+man can desire--I reck not if under a thatched or slated roof, to me it
+is the same thing. A favourite author on my table, in the midst of my
+bouquets, and I speedily forget how the rest of the world wags. I fancy
+I am enjoying nature and art together, a consummation of luxury that
+never palls upon the appetite--a dessert of uncloying sweets.
+
+Madame Roland seems to have felt very strongly the union of mental
+pleasure with that afforded to the senses by flowers. She somewhere
+says, "La vûe d'une fleur carresse mon imagination et flatte mes sens à
+un point inexprimable; elle réveille avec volupté le sentiment de mon
+existence. Sous le tranquil abri du toit paternel, j'étois heureuse des
+enfance avec des fleurs et des livres; dans l'étroite enciente d'une
+prison, au milieu des fers imposés par la tyrannie la plus revoltante,
+j'oublie l'injustice des hommes, leurs sottises, et mes maux, avec des
+livres et des fleurs." These pleasures, however, are too simple to be
+universally felt.
+
+There is something delightful in the use which the eastern poets,
+particularly the Persian, make of flowers in their poetry. Their
+allusions are not casual, and in the way of metaphor and simile only;
+they seem really to hold them in high admiration. I am not aware that
+the flowers of Persia, except the rose, are more beautiful or more
+various than those of other countries. Perhaps England, including her
+gardens, green-houses, and fields, having introduced a vast variety from
+every climate, may exhibit a list unrivalled, as a whole, in odour and
+beauty. Yet flowers are not with us held in such high estimation as
+among the Orientals, if we are to judge from their poets.
+
+Bowers of roses and flowers are perpetually alluded to in the writings
+of eastern poets. The Turks, and indeed the Orientals in general, have
+few images of voluptuousness without the richest flowers contributing
+towards them. The noblest palaces, where gilding, damask, and fine
+carpeting abound, would be essentially wanting in luxury without
+flowers. It cannot be from their odour alone that they are thus
+identified with pleasure; it is from their union of exquisite hues,
+fragrance, and beautiful forms, that they raise a sentiment of
+voluptuousness, in the mind; for whatever unites these qualities can
+scarcely do otherwise.
+
+Whoever virtuously despises the opinion that simple and cheap pleasures,
+not only good, but in the very best taste, are of no value because they
+want a meretricious rarity, will fill their apartments with a succession
+of our better garden flowers. It has been said that flowers placed in
+bedrooms are not wholesome. This cannot be meant of such as are in a
+state of vegetation. Plucked and put into water, they quickly decay, and
+doubtless, give out a putrescent air; when alive and growing, there need
+not be any danger apprehended from them, provided fresh air is
+frequently introduced. For spacious rooms, the better kinds, during warm
+weather, are those which have a large leaf and bossy flower. Large
+leaves have a very agreeable effect on the senses; their rich green is
+grateful to the sight; of this kind, the Hydrangaea is remarkably well
+adapted for apartments, but it requires plenty of water. Those who have
+a greenhouse connected with their dwellings, have the convenience, by
+management, of changing their plants as the flowers decay; those who
+have not, and yet have space to afford them light and occasionally air,
+may rear most of those kinds under their own roof, which may be applied
+for ornament in summer. Vases of plaster, modelled from the antique, may
+be stained any colour most agreeable to the fancy, and fitted with tin
+cases to contain the earthen pots of flowers, to prevent the damp from
+acting on them, will look exceedingly well.
+
+The infinite variety of roses, including the Guelder Rose; the
+Rhododendron, and other plants of similar growth, are fitted for the
+saloon, but they please best in the library. They should be intermingled
+with the bookcases, and stands filled with them should be placed
+wherever practicable. They are a wonderful relief to the student. There
+is always about them a something that infuses a sensation of placid joy,
+cheering and refreshing. Perhaps they were first introduced at
+festivals, in consequence of their possessing this quality. A flower
+garden is the scene of pleasurable feelings of innocence and elegance.
+The introduction of flowers into our rooms infuses the same sensations,
+but intermingles them more with our domestic comforts; so that we feel,
+as it were, in closer contact with them. The succession might be kept up
+for the greater part of the year; and even in winter, evergreens will
+supply their places, and, in some respects, contrast well with the
+season. Many fail in preserving the beauty of plants in their
+apartments, because they do not give them sufficient light. Some species
+do well with much less light than others. Light is as necessary to them
+as air. They should not be too often shifted from one place to another.
+Those who will take the trouble, may quicken the growth of some plants,
+so as to have spring flowers in winter. Thus Autumn and Spring might be
+connected; and flowers blooming in the Winter of our gloomy climate
+possess double attraction.
+
+In the flower garden alcove, books are doubly grateful. As in the
+library ornamented with flowers they seem to be more enjoyed, so their
+union there is irresistibly attracting. To enjoy reading under such
+circumstances most, works of imagination are preferable to abstract
+subjects. Poetry and romance--"De Vere" and "Pelham"--lighter history--
+the lively letters of the French school, like those of Sevigné and
+others--or natural history--these are best adapted to peruse amidst
+sweets and flowers: in short, any species of writing that does not keep
+the mind too intently fixed to allow the senses to wander occasionally
+over the scene around, and catch the beauty of the rich vegetation. To
+me the enjoyment derived from the union of books and flowers is of the
+very highest value among pleasurable sensations.
+
+For my own part, I manage very well without the advantage of a
+greenhouse. The evergreens serve me in winter. Then the Lilacs come in,
+followed by the Guelder Rose and Woodbine, the latter trained in a pot
+upon circular trellis-work. After this there can be no difficulty in
+choosing, as the open air offers every variety. I arrange all my library
+and parlour-plants in a room in my dwelling-house facing the south,
+having a full portion of light, and a fireplace. I promote the growth of
+my flowers for the early part of the year by steam-warmth, and having
+large tubs and boxes of earth, I am at no loss, in my humble
+conservatory, for flowers of many kinds when our climate offers none.
+The trouble attending them is all my own, and is one of those
+employments which never appear laborious. Those who have better
+conveniences may proceed on a larger scale; but I contrive to keep up a
+due succession, which to a floral epicure is every thing. To be a day in
+the year without seeing a flower is a novelty to me, and I am persuaded
+much more might be done with my humble means than I have effected, had I
+sufficient leisure to attend to the retarding or forcing them. I cover
+every space in my sitting-room with these beautiful fairy things of
+creation, and take so much delight in the sight of them, that I cannot
+help recommending those of limited incomes, like myself, to follow my
+example and be their own nurserymen. The rich might easily obtain them
+without; but what they procure by gold, the individual of small means
+must obtain by industry. I know there are persons to whom the flowers of
+Paradise would be objects of indifference; but who can imitate, or envy
+such? They are grovellers, whose coarseness of taste is only fitted for
+the grossest food of life. The pleasures "des Fleurs et des Livres" are,
+as Henry IV. observed of his child, "the property of all the world."
+
+_New Monthly Magazine._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PRINCIPLES OF BLACKWOOD'S MAGAZINE.
+
+
+_Shepherd_. (_Standing up_.) It's on principles like these--boldly and
+unblushingly avoo'd here--in Mr. Awmrose's paper-parlour, at the
+conclusion o' the sixth brodd, on the evening o' Monday the 22nd o'
+September, Anno Domini aughteen hunder and twunty-aught, within twa
+hours o' midnicht--that you, sir, have been yeditin' a Maggasin that has
+gone out to the uttermost corners o' the yerth, wherever civilization or
+uncivilization is known, deludin' and distracktin' men and women folk,
+till it's impossible for them to ken their right hand frae their left--
+or whether they're standin' on their heels or their heads--or what byeuk
+ought to be perused, and what byeuk puttin intil the bottom o' pye-
+dishes, and trunks--or what awthor hissed, or what awthor hurraa'd--or
+what's flummery and what's philosophy--or what's rant and what's
+religion--or what's monopoly and what's free tredd--or wha's poets or
+wha's but Pats--or whether it's best to be drunk, or whether it's best
+to be sober a' hours o' the day and nicht--or if there should be rich
+church establishments as in England, or poor kirk ones as in Scotland--
+or whether the Bishop o' Canterbury, wi' twenty thousan' a-year, is mair
+like a primitive Christian than the Minister o' Kirkintulloch wi' twa
+hunder and fifty--or if folk should aye be readin' sermons or fishin'
+for sawmon--or if it's best to marry or best to burn--or if the national
+debt hangs like a millstone round the neck o' the kintra or like a chain
+o' blae-berries--or if the Millennium be really close at haun'--or the
+present Solar System be calculated to last to a' eternity--or whether
+the people should be edicated up to the highest pitch o' perfection, or
+preferably to be all like trotters through the Bog o' Allen--or whether
+the government should subsedeeze foreign powers, or spend a' its sillar
+on oursells--or whether the Blacks and the Catholics should be
+emancipawted or no afore the demolition o' Priests and Obis--or whether
+(God forgie us baith for the hypothesis) man has a mortal or an immortal
+sowl--be a Phoenix--or an Eister!--_From the Noctes_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CURSES OF ABSENTEEISM.
+
+
+What is the condition of the country-seat of the absentee proprietor?
+The mansion-house deserted and closed; the approaches to it ragged and
+grass grown; the chimneys, "those windpipes of good hospitality," as an
+old English poet calls them, giving no token of the cheerful fire
+within; the gardens running to waste, or, perchance, made a source of
+menial profit; the old family servants dismissed, and some rude bailiff,
+or country attorney, ruling paramount in the place. The surrounding
+cottagers, who have derived their support from the vicinage, deprived of
+this, pass into destitution and wretchedness; either abandoning their
+homes, throwing themselves upon parish relief, or seeking provision by
+means yet more desperate. The farming tenantry, though less immediately
+dependent, yet all partake, more or less, in the evil. The charities and
+hospitalities which belong to such a mansion lie dormant; the clergyman
+is no longer supported and aided in his important duties; the family pew
+in the church is closed; and the village churchyard ceases to be a place
+of pleasant meeting, where the peasant's heart is gladdened by the
+kindly notice of his landlord.
+
+It is the struggle against retrenchment, the "paupertatis pudor et
+fuga," which has caused hundreds of English families, of property and
+consideration, to desert their family places, and to pass year after
+year in residence abroad. At the close of each London season, the
+question too often occurs as to the best mode of evading return to the
+country; and the sun of summer, instead of calling back the landlord to
+his tenants, and to the harvests of his own lands, sends him forth to
+the meagre adventures of continental roads and inns.--_Quarterly Rev._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SOLILOQUY.
+
+THE KING OF DARKNESS.
+
+_On the Fallen Angels._
+
+
+  They're gone to ply their ineffectual labour,--
+  To sow in guilt what they must reap in woe,--
+  Heaping upon themselves more deep damnation.
+  Thus would I have it.--Little once I thought,
+  When leagued with me in crime and punishment
+  They fell,--condemned to an eternity
+  Of exile from all joy and holiness--
+  And the first stains of sinfulness and sorrow
+  Fell blight-like o'er their cherub lineaments--
+  Myself the cause--Albeit too proud for tears,
+  Yet touch'd with their sad doom, I little thought
+  I e'er should hate them thus.--Yet thus I hate them,
+  With all that bitter agony of soul
+  Which is the punishment of fiends. Alas!
+  It was my high ambition, to hold sway,
+  Sole, paramount, unquestion'd, o'er a third
+  Of Heaven's resplendent legions:--Power and glory
+  Dwelt on them, like an elemental essence
+  That could not be destroyed.--I could not deem
+  That aught could so extinguish the pure fire
+  Of their sun-like beauty--yet 'tis changed!--
+  I gain'd them to my wish, and they are grown
+  Too hateful to be look'd on.--Thus I've seen
+  The frail fair dupe of amorous perfidy,
+  The victim of a smile,--by man beguiled--
+  Won to debasement, and then left in loathing:--
+  Alas! I cannot leave my fatal conquest!--
+  Man! would I were the humblest mortal wretch,
+  That crawls beneath yon shadowing temple's tower,
+  Under the sky of Canaan; so I might
+  Lay down this weight of sceptred misery,
+  And fly for ever from myself and these!
+  But Pride reproves the wish; and--it is useless;
+  The unatonable deeds of ages rise
+  Like clouds between me and the throne of Grace.
+  I may not hope,--or fear,--still unsubdued,
+  As when I ruled the anarchy of Heaven,
+  I stand in Fate's despite,--firm and impassive
+  To all that Chance, and Time, and Ruin bring.
+  --In that disastrous day, when this vast world
+  Shall, like a tempest-shaken edifice,
+  Rock into giant fractures--as the sound
+  Of the Archangel's trump, upon the deep,
+  Bids fall the bonds of nature, to let forth
+  Destruction's formless fiend from world to world,
+  Trampling the stars to darkness,--Even then,
+  Like that proud Roman exile, musing o'er
+  The dust of fallen Carthage, I shall stand,
+  Myself a solemn wreck, calm and unmoved
+  Among the ruins of the works of God.
+  And my last look shall be a look of triumph
+  O'er the fallen pillars of the deep and sky;
+  The wreck of nature by my deeds prepared--
+  Deeds--which o'erpay the power of Destiny.
+
+_Blackwood's Magazine._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+THE GATHERER.
+
+  "A snapper-up of unconsidered trifles."
+
+  SHAKSPEARE.
+
+
+ON A PICTURE OF HERO AND LEANDER.
+
+_By T. Hood_.
+
+
+    Why, Lover, why
+  Such a water-rover?
+  Would she love thee more
+  For coming _half seas over_?
+
+    Why, Lady, why
+  So in love with dipping?
+  Must a lad of _Greece_
+  Come all over _dripping_?
+
+    Why, Cupid, why
+  Make the passage brighter?
+  Were not any boat
+  Better than a _lighter_?
+
+    Why, Maiden, why
+  So intrusive standing?
+  Must thou be on the stair,
+  When he's on the _landing_?
+
+_The Gem._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+On a tombstone in the churchyard of Christchurch, Hants, is the
+following curious inscription, which I copied on the spot. Perhaps some
+of your numerous readers can explain the same:--
+
+    WE WERE NOT SLAYNE BVT RAYSD
+    RAYSD NOT TO LIFE
+    BVT TO BE BVRIED TWICE
+    BY MEN OF STRIFE
+
+    WHAT REST COVLD'TH LIVING HAVE
+    WHEN DEAD HAD NONE
+    AGREE AMONGST YOV
+    HERE WE TEN ARE ONE
+    HEN: ROGERS DIED APRILL 17, 1641.
+               I R.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+EPICURISM.
+
+
+Thomas a Becket gave five pounds, equivalent to seventy-five pounds of
+the present money, for a dish of eels.
+
+HALBERT H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+A famous scholar of the last century, when a boy, was exceedingly fond
+of the Greek language, and after he had been a short time at school, had
+acquired so much of the sound of the language, that when at home at
+dinner one day his father said, "Shall you not be glad, Harry, when you
+can tell me the names of every dish on the table in Greek?" "Yes," said
+he; "but I think I know what it must be." "Do you?" said the father;
+"what do you know about Greek?"--"Nothing," said the boy; "but I think I
+can guess from the sound of it what it would be." "Well, say then," said
+the father. He quickly replied, "Shouldromoton, alphagous, pasti-
+venizon." It appears the dinner consisted of a shoulder of mutton, half
+a goose, and venison pasty.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SNUFF AND TOBACCO.
+
+
+In the year 1797, was circulated the following proposals for publishing
+by subscription, a History of Snuff and Tobacco, in Two Volumes:--
+
+Vol. 1.--To contain a description of the nose--size of noses--a
+digression on Roman noses--whether long noses are symptomatic--origin of
+tobacco--tobacco first manufactured into snuff--inquiry who took the
+first pinch--essay on sneezing--whether the ancients sneezed, and at
+what--origin of pocket handkerchiefs--discrimination between snuffing
+and taking snuff; the former only applied to candles--parliamentary
+snuff-takers--troubles in the time of Charles I. as connected with
+smoking.
+
+Vol. 2.--Snuff-takers in the parliamentary army--wit at a pinch--oval
+snuff-boxes first used by the roundheads--manufacture of tobacco
+pipes--dissertation on pipe-clay--state of snuff during the
+commonwealth--the union--Scotch snuff first introduced--found very
+pungent and penetrating--accession of George II.--snuff-boxes then made
+of gold and silver--George III.--Scotch snuff first introduced at
+court--the queen, German snuffs in fashion--female snuff-takers--clean
+tuckers, & c. &c--Index and List of Subscribers.
+
+C.F.E.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE "ILL WIND," &c.
+
+
+  In debt, deserted, and forlorn,
+    A melancholy elf
+  Resolved, upon a Monday morn,
+    To go and hang himself.
+  He reach'd the tree, when lo! he views
+    A pot of gold conceal'd;
+  He snatch'd it up, threw down the noose,
+    And scamper'd from the field.
+  The owner came--found out the theft,
+    And, having scratch'd his head,
+  Took up the rope the other left,
+    And hung himself, instead.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+OLD COOKERY.
+
+
+Gastronomers will feel a natural desire to know what was considered the
+"best universal sauce in the world," in the boon days of Charles II., at
+least what was accounted such, by the Duke of York, who was instructed
+to prepare it by the Spanish ambassador. It consisted of parsley, and a
+dry toast pounded in a mortar, with vinegar, salt, and pepper. The
+modern English would no more relish his royal highness's taste in
+condiments than in religion. A fashionable or cabinet dinner of the same
+period consisted of "a dish of marrow-bones, a leg of mutton, a dish of
+fowl, three pullets, and a dozen larks, all in a dish; a great tart, a
+neat's tongue, a dish of anchovies, a dish of prawns, and cheese." At
+the same period, a supper-dish, when the king supped with his mistress,
+Lady Castlemaine, was "a chine of beef roasted."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+OLD EPITAPH.
+
+
+  As I was, so are ye,
+  As I am, you shall be.
+  That I had, that I gave,
+  That I gave, that I have.
+  Thus I end all my cost,
+  That I left, that I lost.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+IMPROMPTU TO ----, ON HER MARRIAGE WITH MR. WILLIAM  P----.
+
+
+    When ladies they wed,
+    It ever is said
+  That their _freedom_ away they have thrown;
+    But you've not done so,
+    For we very well know
+  You will have a _Will_ of your own.
+
+C.K.W.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PAINTERS.
+
+
+Lavater affirms, that no one whose person is not well formed can become
+a good physiognomist. Those painters were the best whose persons were
+the handsomest. Reubens, Vandyke, and Raphael possessed three gradations
+of beauty, and possessed three gradations of painting.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ELYSIAN SOUP.
+
+
+The French have a soup which they call "_Potage a la Camerani_" of which
+it is said "a single spoonful will lap the palate in Elysium; and while
+one drop remains on the tongue, each other sense is eclipsed by the
+voluptuous thrilling of the lingual nerves!"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+A JAPANESE BEAUTY.
+
+
+Her face was oval, her features regular, and her little mouth, when
+open, disclosed a set of shining, black lacquered teeth; her hair was
+black, and rolled up in the form of a turban, without any ornament,
+except a few tortoiseshell combs; she had sparkling, dark eyes, was
+about the middle size, and elegantly formed; her dress consisted of six
+wadded silk garments, similar to our night-gowns, each fastened round
+the lower part of the waist by a separate band, and drawn close together
+from the girdle downwards; they were all of different colours, and the
+uppermost was black.
+
+U.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+GOOD LIVING.
+
+
+I hate a fellow who was never young; he is like a dull Italian year,
+where the trees are always in leaf, and when the only way of knowing the
+difference of the seasons is by referring to an almanack. The
+inconstancy of the spring may surely be excused for the steady warmth of
+summer and the rich plenty of autumn; then comes the hoar of winter old
+gentleman, and closes the scene not ungracefully.--_Old Play._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Purchasers of the MIRROR, who may wish to complete their sets are
+informed, that every volume is complete in itself, and may be purchased
+separately. The whole of the numbers are now in print, and can be
+procured by giving an order to any Bookseller or Newsvender.
+
+Complete sets Vol I. to XI. in boards, price £2. 19_s_. 6_d_. half
+bound, £3. 17_s_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
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+
+The TALES of the GENII. Price 2s.
+
+The MICROCOSM. By the Right Hon. G. CANNING. &c. Price 2s.
+
+PLUTARCH'S LIVES, with Fifty Portraits, 2 vols. price 13s. boards.
+
+COWPER'S POEMS, with 12 Engravings, price 3s. 6d. boards.
+
+COOK'S VOYAGES, 2 vols. price 8s. boards.
+
+The CABINET of CURIOSITIES: or, WONDERS of the WORLD DISPLAYED Price 5s.
+boards.
+
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+
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+
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+
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+The ARCANA of SCIENCE for 1828. Price 4s. 6d.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement,
+and Instruction, by Various
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+"HTML Tidy for Solaris (vers 1st October 2003), see www.w3.org" />
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+<title>The Mirror of Literature, Issue 337.</title>
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+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and
+Instruction, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction
+       Vol. 12, Issue 337, October 25, 1828.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: February 27, 2004 [EBook #11336]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 337 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Allen Siddle, David King, and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page257" name="page257"></a>[pg
+257]</span>
+<h1>THE MIRROR<br />
+OF<br />
+LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.</h1>
+<hr class="full" />
+<table width="100%" summary="Number, and Date">
+<tr>
+<td align="left"><b>Vol. XII, No. 337.</b></td>
+<td align="center"><b>SATURDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1828</b></td>
+<td align="right"><b>[PRICE 2d.</b></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>Cheese Wring.</h2>
+<h4>(<i>To the Editor of the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+<div class="figure" style="width:50%;"><a href=
+"images/337-1.png"><img width="100%" src="images/337-1.png" alt=
+"Cheese Wring" /></a></div>
+<p>In presenting your readers with a representation of the Wring
+Cheese, I offer a few prefatory remarks connected with the early
+importance of the county in which it stands, venerable in its age,
+amid the storms of elements, and the changes of religions. Its
+pristine glory has sunk on the horizon of Time; but its legend,
+like a soft twilight of its former day, still hallows it in the
+memories of the surrounding peasantry.</p>
+<p>Cornwall is allowed by antiquaries to be the Capiterides; and
+the Abb&eacute; de Fontenu, in the <i>Memoires de Literature</i>,
+tom. vii. p. 126, proves, according to Vallancey, that the
+Phoenicians traded here for tin before the Trojan war. Homer
+frequently mentions this metal; and even in Scripture we have
+allusions to this land under the name of Tarshish (Ezekiel, c.
+xxvii., v. 12-25), being the place whence the Tyrians procured
+various metals, and among the rest, the English metal tin. It
+appears that the primitive Greeks had a clearer knowledge of these
+shores than those in after years; and although Homer, in his shield
+of Achilles, describes the earth surrounded by water, yet
+Herodotus, notwithstanding his learning and research, candidly
+states his ignorance in the following words:&mdash;"Neither am I
+better acquainted with the islands called Capiterides, from whence
+<i>we are said</i> to have our tin." The knowledge of these shores
+existed in periods so remote, that it faded. We dwindled away into
+a visionary land&mdash;we lived almost in fable. The Phoenician
+left us, and the link of our history was severed. Hyde de Religione
+Vet. Persarum, c. iv. p. 121, supposes Solomon to have traded with
+the <span class="pagenum"><a id="page258" name="page258"></a>[pg
+258]</span> Peruvians; and the analogies between the Pyramids in
+Mexico and Egypt confirm the opinion, and sanction the belief that
+the ancients had a more extended knowledge of, and a greater
+traffic over, the earth than history records. In the most early
+ages, worship was paid to stone idols; and the Pagan introduction
+of statues into temples was of a recenter date. The ancient
+Etruscans, as well as the ancient Egyptians, revered the obeliscal
+stone, (the reason why to the obeliscal stone is given by Payne
+Knight, in his extraordinary work;) nor was it, according to
+Plutarch, till 170 years after the founding of the city that the
+Romans had statues in their temples, their deities being considered
+invisible. Many stone pillars exist in this country, especially in
+Cornwall; and it is a fair inference that the Phoenician imported
+his religious rites in return for his metallic exports&mdash;since
+we find mention made of stone pillars in Genesis, xxviii. v. 20;
+Deuteronomy, xxvii. v. 4.; Joshua, xxiv.; 2 Samuel, xx. v. 8.;
+Judges, ix. v. 6., &amp;c. &amp;c. Many are the conjectures as to
+what purport these stones were used: sometimes they were
+sepulchral, as Jacob's pillar over Rachel, Gen. xxxv. 20. Ilus, son
+of Dardanus, king of Troy, was buried in the plain before that city
+beneath a column, Iliad, xi. 317. Sometimes they were erected as
+trophies, as the one set up by Samuel between Mizpeh and Shen, in
+commemoration of the defeat of the Philistines; one was also
+erected at Murray, in Scotland, as a monument of the fight between
+Malcolm, son of Keneth, and Sueno the Dane. We also find them as
+witnesses to covenants, like that of Jacob and Laban, which, though
+originally an emblem of a civil pact, became afterwards the place
+of worship of the whole twelve tribes of Israel. All these relics,
+to say nothing of the cromlechs in Malabar, bear a silent and
+solemn testimony of some by-gone people, whose religious and civil
+customs had extended wide over the earth. Their monuments remain,
+but their history has perished, and the dust of their bodies has
+been scattered in the wind. The Druids availed themselves of those
+places most likely to give an effect to their vaticinations; and
+not only obtained, but supported by terror the influence they held
+over the superstitious feelings of our earliest forefathers. Where
+nature presented a <i>bizarre</i> mass of rocks, the Druid worked,
+and peopled it with his gods, the most remarkable of which is the
+subject of our engraving, called the Wring Cheese, or Cheese Wring,
+in the parish of St. Clare, near Liskeard, in Cornwall. This
+singular mass of rocks is 32 feet high. The large stone at the top
+was a logan, or rocking-stone. Geologists are inclined to consider
+it as a natural production, which is probably the case in part, the
+Druids taking advantage of favourable circumstances to convert
+these crags to objects of superstitious reverence. On its summit
+are two rock basins; and it is a well-known fact, that baptism was
+a Pagan rite of the highest antiquity, (vide the Etruscan vases by
+Gorius.) Here, probably, the rude ancestor of our glorious land was
+initiated amidst the mystic ceremonies of the white-robed Druid and
+his blood-stained sacrifices. A similar mass exists at Brimham,
+York; and in the "History of Waterford," p. 70, mention is made of
+St. Declan's stone, which, not liking its situation, miraculously
+<i>swam</i> from Rome, conveying on it St. Declan's bell and
+vestment.</p>
+<h4>J. SILVESTER.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>CURIOUS ANCIENT LEGEND.</h3>
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+<p>In ancienne tyme, and in a goodly towne, neare to Canterbury,
+sojourned a ladie faire. She one nighte, in the absence of her
+lorde, leaned her lovely arme upon a gentleman's, and walked in the
+fyldes. When journeying far, she became afraide, and begged to
+returne. The gentleman, with kyndest sayings and greate courtesey,
+retraced their steps; when in this saide momente, this straynge
+occurrence came to pass&mdash;ye raine descended, though the moone
+and millions of starres were shyneing bryght. In journeying home,
+another straynge occurrence came to pass; her coral lippes the
+gentleman's did meete in sweetest kyss. Thys was not straynge at
+all; but that the moone, that still shone bryghte, did in the
+momente hide herself behynde a cloude: this was straynge, most
+passing straynge indeede. The ladie faire, who prayed to the
+blessed Virgin, did to her confesseur this confession mayk, and her
+confesseur with charitye impromptu wrote:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Whence came the rayne, when first with guileless heart</p>
+<p>Further to walk she's lothe, and yet more lothe to part?</p>
+<p>It was not rayne, but angels' pearly teares,</p>
+<p>In pity dropt to soothe Eliza's feares.</p>
+<p>Whence came the cloude that veil'd the orb of nighte,</p>
+<p>When first her lippes she yielded to delyght?</p>
+<p>It was not cloude, but whylst the world was hush,</p>
+<p>Mercy put forthe her hande to hide Eliza's blush."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h4>W.G.C.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>PICTON'S MONUMENT, CARMARTHEN.</h3>
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+<p>This interesting national tribute stands at the west end of the
+town of Carmarthen, <span class="pagenum"><a id="page259" name=
+"page259"></a>[pg 259]</span> rising ground, and is erected in
+memory of the gallant Sir Thomas Picton, who terminated his career
+in the ever-to-be-remembered battle of Waterloo. The structure
+stands about 30 feet high, and is, particularly the shaft and
+architrave, similar to Trajan's pillar in Rome; and being built of
+a very durable material, (black marble,) will no doubt stand as
+many ages as that noble, though now mouldering relic. The pillar
+stands on a square pedestal, with a small door on the east side,
+which fronts the town, where the monument is ascended by a flight
+of steps. Over the door, in large characters, is the hero's name,
+PICTON; and above this, in basso relievo, is represented part of
+the field of battle, with the hero falling from his horse, from the
+mortal wound which he received. Over this, in large letters, is
+inscribed WATERLOO. On the west end is represented the siege of
+Badajos, Picton scaling the walls with a few men, and attacked by
+the besieged. Above this is the word BADAJOS. On the south side of
+the pedestal is the following inscription:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Sir THOMAS PICTON,</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Knight Grand Cross of the Military Order of the</p>
+<p class="i2">Bath,</p>
+<p>Of the Portuguese Order of the Tower and Sword,</p>
+<p class="i2">and of other foreign Orders;</p>
+<p>Lieutenant-General in the British Army, and</p>
+<p class="i2">Member of Parliament for the Borough of</p>
+<p class="i2">Pembroke,</p>
+<p>Born at Poyston, in Pembrokeshire, in August,</p>
+<p class="i2">1758;</p>
+<p>Died at Waterloo on the 18th of June, 1815,</p>
+<p class="i2">Gloriously fighting for his country and the</p>
+<p class="i2">liberties of Europe.</p>
+<p>Having honourably fulfilled, on behalf of the</p>
+<p class="i2">public, various duties in various climates:</p>
+<p>And having achieved the highest military renown</p>
+<p class="i2">in the Spanish Peninsula,</p>
+<p>He thrice received the unanimous thanks of</p>
+<p class="i2">Parliament,</p>
+<p>And a Monument erected by the British nation</p>
+<p class="i2">in St. Paul's Cathedral</p>
+<p class="i2">Commemorates his death and services,</p>
+<p>His grateful countrymen, to perpetuate past and</p>
+<p class="i2">incite to future exertions,</p>
+<p>Have raised this column, under the auspices of</p>
+<p class="i2">his Majesty, King George the Fourth,</p>
+<p class="i2">To the memory of a hero and a Welshman.</p>
+<p>The plan and design of this Monument was given</p>
+<p class="i2">by our countryman, John Nash, Esq. F.R.S.</p>
+<p class="i2">Architect to the King.</p>
+<p class="i2">The ornaments were executed by</p>
+<p class="i2">E.H. Bailey, Esq. R.A.</p>
+<p>And the whole was erected by Mr. Daniel</p>
+<p class="i2">Mainwaring, of the town of Carmarthen,</p>
+<p class="i2">In the year 1826 and 1827.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>On the north side is the translation of the above in Welsh; and
+on the top of the pedestal, on each side of the square, are
+trophies. The top of the column is also square, and on each side
+are imitative cannons. The statue of the hero surmounts the whole.
+He is wrapped in a cloak, and is supported by a baluster, round
+which are emblems of spears.</p>
+<h4>W.H.</h4>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>THE SKETCH BOOK</h2>
+<h3>AN HOUR TOO MANY.</h3>
+<p>Hail, land of the kangaroo!&mdash;paradise of the
+bushranger!&mdash;purgatory of England!&mdash;happy scene, where
+the sheep-stealer is metamorphosed into the shepherd; the
+highwayman is the guardian of the road; the dandy is delicate no
+more, and earns his daily bread; and the Court of Chancery is
+unknown&mdash;hail to thee, soil of larceny and love! of
+pickpockets and principle! of every fraud under heaven, and
+primeval virtue! daughter of jails, and mother of
+empires!&mdash;hail to thee, New South Wales! In all my
+years&mdash;and I am now no boy&mdash;and in all my
+travels&mdash;and I am now at the antipodes&mdash;I have never
+heard any maxim so often as, that time is short; yet no maxim that
+ever dropt from human lips is further from the truth. I appeal to
+the experience of mankind&mdash;to the three hundred heirs of the
+British peerage, whom their gouty fathers keep out of their honours
+and estates&mdash;to the six hundred and sixty-eight candidates for
+seats in parliament, which they must wait for till the present
+sitters die; or turn rebellious to their noble patrons, or their
+borough patrons, or their Jew patrons; or plunge into joint-stock
+ruin, and expatriate themselves, for the astonishment of all other
+countries, and the benefit of their own;&mdash;to the six thousand
+five hundred heroes of the half-pay, longing for tardy
+war;&mdash;to the hundred thousand promissory excisemen lying on
+the soul of the chancellor of the ex-chequer, and pining for the
+mortality of every gauger from the Lizard to the
+Orkneys;&mdash;and, to club the whole discomfort into one, to the
+entire race of the fine and superfine, who breathe the vital air,
+from five thousand a year to twenty times the rental, the unhappy
+population of the realms of indolence included in Bond Street, St.
+James's, and the squares.</p>
+<p>For my own part, in all my experience of European deficiencies,
+I have never found any deficiency of time. Money went like the
+wind; champagne grew scanty; the trust of tailors ran down to the
+dregs; the smiles of my fair flirts grew rare as
+diamonds&mdash;every thing became as dry, dull, and stagnant as the
+Serpentine in summer; but time never failed me. I had a perpetual
+abundance of a commodity which the philosophers told me was beyond
+price. I had not merely enough for myself, but enough to give to
+others; until I discovered the fact, that it was as little a
+favourite with others as myself, and that, whatever the plausible
+might say, there was nothing on earth <span class="pagenum"><a id=
+"page260" name="page260"></a>[pg 260]</span> for which they would
+not be more obliged to me than a donation of my superfluous time.
+But now let me give a sketch of my story. A single fact is worth a
+hundred reflections. The first consciousness that I remember, was
+that of having a superabundance of time; and my first ingenuity was
+demanded for getting rid of the encumbrance. I had always an hour
+that perplexed my skill to know what to do with this treasure. A
+schoolboy turn for long excursions in any direction but that of my
+pedagogue, indicative of a future general officer; a
+naturalist-taste for bird-nesting, which, in maturer years, would
+have made me one of the wonders of the Linnaean Society; a passion
+for investigating the inside of every thing, from a Catherine-wheel
+to a China-closet, which would yet have entitled me to the honours
+of an F.R.S.; and an original vigour in the plunder of orchards,
+which undoubtedly might have laid the foundation of a first lord of
+the treasury; were nature's helps to get rid of this oppressive
+bounty. But though I fought the enemy with perpetual vigour and
+perpetual variety, he was not to be put to flight by a stripling;
+and I went to the university as far from being a conqueror as ever.
+At Oxford I found the superabundance of this great gift
+acknowledged with an openness worthy of English candour, and
+combated with the dexterity of an experience five hundred years
+old. Port-drinking, flirtation, lounging, the invention of new ties
+to cravats, and new tricks on proctors; billiards, boxing, and
+barmaids; seventeen ways of mulling sherry, and as many dozen ways
+of raising "the supplies," were adopted with an adroitness that
+must have baffled all but the invincible. Yet Time was master at
+last; and he always indulged me with a liberality that would have
+driven a less resolute spirit to the bottom of the Isis.</p>
+<p>At length I gave way; left the university with my blessing and
+my debts; and rushed up to London, as the grand <i>place
+d'armes</i>, the central spot from which the enemy was excluded by
+the united strength, wit, and wisdom of a million and a half of
+men. I might as well have staid bird-nesting in Berkshire. I found
+the happiest contrivances against the universal invader fail.
+Pigeon-matches; public dinners; coffee-houses; bluestocking
+<i>reunions</i>; private morning quadrille practice, with public
+evening exhibitions of their fruits; dilettanti breakfasts, with a
+bronze Hercules standing among the bread and butter, or a reposing
+cast of Venus, fresh from Pompeii, as black and nude as a negress
+disporting on the banks of the Senegal, but dear and delicate to
+the eyes of taste; Sunday mornings at Tattersal's, jockeying till
+the churches let out their population, and the time for visits was
+come; and Sunday evening routs at <i>the</i> duchess's, with a
+cotillon by the <i>vraies danseuses</i> of the opera, followed by a
+concert, a round game, and a <i>select</i> supper for the
+initiated;&mdash;the whole failed. I had always an hour too
+much&mdash;sixty mortal minutes, and every one of them an hour in
+itself, that I could never squeeze down.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Ye gods, annihilate both space and time,</p>
+<p>And make two lovers happy,"</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>may have been called a not over-modest request; but I can vouch
+for at least one half of it being the daily prayer of some
+thousands of the best-dressed people that the sun ever summoned to
+a day of twenty-four hours long. On feeling the symptoms of this
+horary visitation, I regularly rushed into the streets, on the
+principle that some alleviation of misery is always to be found in
+fellow-suffering. This maxim I invariably found false, like every
+other piece of the boasted wisdom of mankind. I found the suffering
+infinitely increased by the association with my
+fellow-fashionables. A man might as well have fled from his chamber
+to enjoy comfort in the wards of an hospital. In one of my marches
+up and down the <i>pav&eacute;</i> of St. James's Street, that
+treadmill of gentlemen convicted in the penalty of having nothing
+to do, I lounged into the little hotel of the Guards, that stands
+beside the great hotel of the gamblers, like a babe under its
+mamma's wing&mdash;the likeness admirable, though the scale
+diminutive. That "hour too many," cost me three games of billiards,
+my bachelor's house, and one thousand pounds. This price of sixty
+minutes startled me a little; and, for a week, I meditated with
+some seriousness on the superior gaiety of a life spent in paving
+the streets, driving a wagon, or answering the knocker of a door.
+But the "hour" again overflowed me. I was walking it off in Regent
+Street, when an old fellow-victim met me, and prescribed a trot to
+Newmarket. The prescription was taken, and the hour was certainly
+got rid of. But the remedy was costly; for my betting-book left me
+minus ten thousand pounds. I returned to town like a patient from a
+watering-place; relieved of every thing but the disease that took
+me there. My last shilling remained among the noble blacklegs; but
+nothing could rob me of a fragment of my superfluous time, and I
+brought even a tenfold allowance of it back. But every disease has
+a crisis; and when a lounge through the streets became at once
+useless and inconvenient&mdash;when <span class="pagenum"><a id=
+"page261" name="page261"></a>[pg 261]</span> the novelty of being
+cut by all my noble friends, and of being seduously followed by
+that generation who, unlike the fickle world, reserve their
+tipstaff attentions for the day of adversity, had lost its zest,
+and I was thinking whether time was to be better fought off by a
+plunge to the bottom of the Thames, or by the muzzle of one of
+Manton's hair-triggers&mdash;I was saved by a plunge into the
+King's Bench. There life was new, friendship was undisguised, my
+coat was not an object of scorn, my exploits were fashion, my duns
+were inadmissible, and my very captors were turned into my humble
+servants. There, too, my nature, always social, had its full
+indulgence; for there I found, rather to my surprise, nine-tenths
+of my most accomplished acquaintance. But the enemy still made his
+way; and I had learned to yawn, in spite of billiards and
+ball-playing, when <i>the</i> Act let me loose into the great world
+again. Good-luck, too, had prepared a surprise for my <i>debut</i>.
+I had scarcely exhibited myself in the streets, when I discovered
+that every man of my <i>set</i> was grown utterly blind whenever I
+happened to walk on the same side of the way, and that I might as
+well have been buried a century. I was absurd enough to be
+indignant; for nothing can be more childish than any delicacy when
+a man cannot bet on the rubber. But one morning a knock came to my
+attic-door which startled me by its professional vigour. An
+attorney entered. I had now nothing to fear, for the man whom no
+one will trust cannot well be in debt; and for once I faced an
+attorney without a palpitation. His intelligence was flattering. An
+old uncle of mine, who had worn out all that was human about him in
+amassing fifty thousand pounds, and finally died of starving
+himself, had expired with the pen in his hand, in the very act of
+leaving his thousands to pay the national debt. But fate,
+propitious to me, had dried up his ink-bottle; the expense of
+replenishing it would have broken his heart of itself; and the
+attorney's announcement to me was, that the will, after blinding
+the solicitor to the treasury and three of his clerks, was
+pronounced to be altogether illegible.</p>
+<p>The fact that I was the nearest of kin got into the newspapers;
+and in my first drive down St. James's, I had the pleasure of
+discovering that I had cured a vast number of my friends of their
+calamitous defect of vision. But if the "post equitem sedet atra
+cura" was the maxim in the days of Augustus, the man who drives the
+slower cabriolet in the days of George the Fourth, cannot expect to
+escape. The "hour too many" overtook me in the first week. On one
+memorable evening I saw it coming, just as I turned the corner of
+Piccadilly; fair flight was hopeless, and I took refuge in that
+snug asylum on the right hand of St. James's Street, which has
+since expanded into a palace. I stoutly battled the foe, for I
+"took no note of time" during the next day and night; and when at
+last I walked forth into the air, I found that I had relieved
+myself of the burden of three-fourths of my reversion. A weak mind
+on such an occasion would have cursed the cards, and talked of
+taking care of the fragment of his property; but mine was of the
+higher order, and I determined on revenge. I had my revenge, and
+saw my winners ruined. They had their consolation, and at the close
+of a six months' campaign saw me walk into the streets a beggar. I
+grew desperate, and was voted dangerous. I realized the charge by
+fastening on a noble lord who had been one of the most adroit in
+pigeoning me. His life was "too valuable to his country," or
+himself, to allow him to meet a fellow whose life was of no use to
+any living thing; and through patriotism and the fear of being
+shot, he kept out of my way. I raged, threatened to post his
+lordship, and was in the very act of writing out the form of the
+placard declaring the noble heir of the noble house of
+&mdash;&mdash; a cheat and a scoundrel, when by the twopenny-post I
+received a notice from the Horse Guards that I was on that day to
+appear in the Gazette as an ensign in his majesty's &mdash;&mdash;
+regiment, then serving in the Peninsula, with orders to join
+without delay. This was enough from his lordship, and was certainly
+better for me than running the chance of damages in the King's
+Bench, for provoking his majesty's subjects to a breach of the
+peace.</p>
+<p>I was gazetted, tried on my uniform before the mirror, entirely
+approved of my appearance, and wrote my last letter to my last
+flirt. The Portsmouth mail was to start at eight. I had an hour to
+spare, and sallied into the street. I met an honest-faced old
+acquaintance as much at a loss as myself to slay the hour. We were
+driven by a shower into shelter. The rattle of dice was heard
+within a green-baize-covered door. We could not stay for ever
+shivering on the outside. Fortune favoured me; in half an hour I
+was master of a thousand pounds; it would have been obvious folly
+and ingratitude to check the torrent of success for the paltry
+prospects of an ensigncy. I played on, and won on. The clock struck
+eight. I will own that I trembled as the first sound caught my ear.
+But whether nervous <span class="pagenum"><a id="page262" name=
+"page262"></a>[pg 262]</span> or not, from that instant the torrent
+was checked. The loss and gain became alternate. Wine was brought
+in; I played in furious scorn of consequences. I saw the board
+covered with gold. I swept it into my stake; I soon saw my stake
+reduced to nothing. My eyes were dazzled, my hand shook, my brain
+was on fire, I sang, danced, roared with exultation or despair. How
+the night closed, I know not; but I found myself at last in a
+narrow room, surrounded with squalidness, its only light from a
+high-barred window, and its only furniture the wooden tressel on
+which I lay, fierce, weary, and feverish, as if I lay on the rack.
+From this couch of the desperate, I was carried into the presence
+of a magistrate, to hear that in the <i>m&eacute;l&eacute;e</i> of
+the night before, I had in my rage charged my honest-faced
+acquaintance with palpable cheating; and having made good my charge
+by shewing the loaded dice in his hand, had knocked him down with a
+violence that made his recovery more than doubtful. He had seen my
+name in the Gazette, and had watched me for the express purpose of
+final plunder. The wretch died. I was brought to trial, found
+guilty of manslaughter, and sentenced to seven years' expatriation.
+Fortunate sentence! On my arrival in New South Wales, as I was
+found a perfect gentleman, and fit for nothing, there was no
+resource but to make me try the labour of my hands. Fortunate
+labour! From six at morning till six at night, I had the spade or
+the plough in my hands. I dragged carts, I delved rocks, I hewed
+trees; I had not a moment to spare. The appetite that once grew
+languid over venison, now felt the exquisite delight of junk beef.
+The thirst that scorned champagne was now enraptured with spring
+water. The sleep that had left me many a night tossing within-side
+the curtains of a hundred-and-fifty-guinea Parisian bed, now came
+on the roughest piece of turf, and made the planks of my cabin
+softer than down. I can now run as fast as one of my Newmarket
+stud, pull down a buffalo, and catch a kangaroo by the tail in fair
+field. Health, vigour, appetite, and activity, are my
+superabundance now. I have every thing but time. My banishment
+expires to-morrow; but I shall never recross the sea. This is my
+country. Since I set my foot upon its shore I have never had a
+moment to yawn. In this land of real and substantial life, the
+spectre that haunted my joyless days dares not be seen&mdash;the
+"hour too many" is no more.</p>
+<h4><i>The Forget-Me-Not</i>.</h4>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>MANNERS &amp; CUSTOMS OF ALL NATIONS.</h2>
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+<h3>SELLING MEAT AMONG THE ANCIENT ROMANS, &amp;c.</h3>
+<p>It was the custom for the buyer to shut his eyes, and the seller
+to hold up some of his fingers; if the buyer guessed aright, how
+many it was the other held up, he was to fix the price; if he
+mistook, the seller was to fix it. These classic
+<i>blind-bargains</i> would not suit the Londonbutchers. This
+custom was abolished by Apronius, the prefect of Rome; who in lieu
+thereof, introduced the method of selling by weight. Among the
+ancient Romans there were three kinds of established butchers, viz.
+two colleges or companies, composed each of a certain number of
+citizens, whose office was to furnish the city with the necessary
+cattle, and to take care of preparing and vending their flesh. One
+of these communities was at first confined to the providing of
+hogs, whence they were called <i>suarii</i>; and the other two were
+charged with cattle, especially oxen, whence they were called
+<i>pecuarii</i>, or <i>boarii</i>. Under each of these was a
+subordinate class, whose office was to kill, prepare, &amp;c.
+called <i>lanii</i>, and sometimes <i>carnifices</i>.</p>
+<p>Two English poets (Swift and Gay) have been rather severe
+towards the London butchers, the former says,&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Hence he learnt the <i>Butcher's</i> guile,</p>
+<p>How to cut your throat, and smile;</p>
+<p>Like a <i>butcher</i> doom'd for life,</p>
+<p>In his mouth to wear his knife."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>The latter,&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>&mdash;&mdash;"resign the way,</p>
+<p>To shun the surly <i>butcher's</i> greasy tray:</p>
+<p><i>Butchers</i>, whose hands are died with blood's foul
+stain,</p>
+<p>And always foremost in the hangman's train."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>The butchers' company was not incorporated until the 3rd year of
+King James I. when they were made a <i>Corporation</i>, by the name
+of master, wardens and commonalty of the art and mystery of
+butchers; yet the fraternity is ancient.</p>
+<p>Stowe says, "In the 3rd of Richard II. motion was made that no
+butcher should kill any flesh within London, but at Knightsbridge,
+or such like distant place from the walls of the citie."</p>
+<h4>P.T.W.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>STUMBLING AT THE THRESHOLD.</h3>
+<p>The phrase, "to stumble at the threshold," originated in the
+circumstance, that the old thresholds, or steps under the door,
+were like the hearths, raised a little, so <span class=
+"pagenum"><a id="page263" name="page263"></a>[pg 263]</span> that a
+person might stumble over them, unless proper care were taken. A
+very whimsical reason for this practice is given in a curious
+little tract by Sir Balthazar Gerbier, entitled, "Council and
+Advice to all Builders," 1663, in these words:&mdash;"A good
+surveyor shuns also the ordering of doores with stumbling
+thresholds, though our forefathers affected them, perchance to
+perpetuate the antient custome of bridegroomes, when formerly at
+their return from church they did use to lift up their bride, and
+to knock her head against that of the doore, for a remembrance that
+she was not to pass the threshold of her house without leave."</p>
+<h4>W.G.C.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>CHINESE PHYSICIANS.</h3>
+<p>The charitable dispensation of medicines by the Chinese, is well
+deserving notice. They have a stone which is ten cubits high,
+erected in the public squares of their cities; whereon is engraved
+the name of all sorts of medicines, with the price of each, and
+when the poor stand in need of relief from physic, they go to the
+treasury to receive the price each medicine is rated at.</p>
+<p>The physicians of China have only to feel the arm of their
+patient in three places, and to observe the rate of the pulse, to
+form an opinion on the cause, nature, danger, and duration of the
+malady. Without the patient speaking at all, they can tell
+infallibly what part is attacked with disease, whether the brain,
+the heart, the liver, the lungs, the intestines, the stomach, the
+flesh, the bones, and so on. As they are both physicians and
+apothecaries, and prepare their own medicines, they are paid only
+when they effect a cure. If the same rule were introduced with us,
+I fear we should have fewer physicians.</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>THE TOPOGRAPHER</h2>
+<h3>BOX HILL.</h3>
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+<p>This celebrated eminence is situated in the north range of chalk
+hills, beginning near Farnham, in Surrey, and extending from thence
+to Folkstone, in Kent. Camden calls it <i>White Hill</i>, from its
+chalky soil; but Box Hill is its true and ancient name. The
+box-tree is, in all probability, the natural produce of the soil;
+but a generally received story is, that the box was planted there
+by Thomas, Earl of Arundel, between two and three centuries ago.
+There is, however, authentic evidence of its being here long before
+his time, for Henry de Buxeto (i.e. Henry of Box Hill) and Adam de
+Buxeto were witnesses to deeds in the reign of King John.</p>
+<p>John Evelyn, who wrote about the middle of the seventeenth
+century, says, "Box-trees rise naturally at Kent in Bexley; and in
+Surrey, giving name to Box Hill. He that in winter should behold
+some of our highest hills in Surrey, clad with whole woods of them,
+might easily fancy himself transported into some new or enchanted
+country."</p>
+<p>In Aubrey's posthumous work on Surrey, published in 1718, the
+northern part of the hill is described as thickly covered with
+yew-trees, and the southern part with "thick boscages of
+box-trees," which "yielded a convenient privacy for lovers, who
+frequently meet here, so that it is an English Daphne." He also
+tells us that the gentry often resorted here from Ebbesham
+(<i>Epsom</i>), then in high fashion. Philip Luckombe, in his
+"England's Gazetteer," says, on Box Hill "there is a large warren,
+but no houses; only arbours cut out in the box-wood on the top of
+the hill, where are sold refreshments of all sorts, for the ladies
+and gentlemen who come hither to divert themselves in its
+labyrinths; for which reason a certain author has thought fit to
+call it the Palace of Venus, and the Temple of Nature; there being
+an enchanting prospect from it of a fine country, which is scarce
+to be equalled for affording so surprising and magnificent an idea
+both of earth and sky."</p>
+<p>But these delightful retreats, like Arcadia of old, have long
+since vanished. The <i>yews</i> were cut down in the year 1780; and
+their successors fall very short of the luxuriant descriptions of
+old topographers. The <i>box</i> has also at various times produced
+the proprietors of the estate great profit. In 1608, the receipt
+for box-trees cut down upon the sheepwalk on the hill was
+50<i>l</i>.; in an account taken in 1712, it is supposed that as
+much had been cut down, within a few years before, as amounted to
+3,000<i>l</i>.; and in 1759, a Mr. Miller lamented that "the trees
+on Box Hill had been pretty much destroyed; though many remained of
+considerable bigness."</p>
+<p>An immense quantity of box is annually consumed in this country,
+in the revived art of engraving on wood. The English is esteemed
+inferior to that which comes from the Levant; and the American box
+is said to be preferable to ours. But the ships from the Levant
+brought such quantities of it in ballast, that the wood on Box Hill
+could not find a purchaser, and not having been cut for sixty-five
+years, was growing cankered. The <span class="pagenum"><a id=
+"page264" name="page264"></a>[pg 264]</span> war diminished the
+influx from the Mediterranean; several purchasers offered; and in
+1795 it was put up to auction at 12,000<i>l</i>. The depredations
+made on Box Hill, in consequence of this sale, did not injure its
+picturesque beauty, as twelve years were allowed for cutting, which
+gave each portion a reasonable time to renew. In 1802, forty tons
+were cut, but the market being overstocked, it fell in value more
+than fifty per cent.; and the foreign wood is now universally
+preferred for engravings. The trees on Box Hill are, however, again
+flourishing, although their value is rather problematical.</p>
+<p>For the information of the home tourist, perhaps, I ought to
+mention that Box Hill stands about 22 miles on the left of the road
+from London to Worthing, Brighton, and Bognor, and about 2 miles
+N.E. of the town of Dorking. The road from Leatherhead hence is a
+constant succession of hill and dale, richly clothed with wood,
+interspersed with elegant villas in all tastes&mdash;from the
+pillared and plastered mansion, to the borrowed charm of the
+<i>cottage orne</i>. The whole of this district is called the Vale
+of <i>Norbury</i>, from the romantic domain of that name, which
+extends over a great portion of the hills on the right of the road.
+Shortly before you reach Box Hill, stands <i>Mickleham</i>, a
+little village with an ivy-mantled church, rich in Saxon
+architecture and other antiquities. You then descend into a valley,
+passing some delightful meadow scenery, and the showy mansion of
+Sir Lucas Pepys, which rises from a flourishing plantation on the
+left. In the valley stands Juniper Hall, late the seat of Mr.
+Thomas Broadwood, the piano-forte manufacturer. In the park are
+some of the finest cedars in England. On again ascending, you catch
+a fine view of Box Hill, and the amphitheatrical range of opposite
+hills, with one of the most magnificent <i>parterres</i> in nature.
+This is called, by old writers, the <i>Garden of Surrey</i>.</p>
+<p>You pass some flint-built cottages, and quitting the road here,
+the ascent to Box Hill is gradual and untiring, across a field of
+little slopes, studded with a few yew-trees, relics of by-gone
+days. The ascent further down the road almost amounts to a feat,
+assisted by the foot-worn paces in the chalky steep. Here this
+portion of the hill resembles an immense wall of <i>viretum</i>,
+down whose side has been poured liquid mortar. The path winds along
+the verge of the hill, whilst on the left is a valley or little
+ravine, whose sides are clothed with thick dwarfish box,
+intermingled with the wild and trackless luxuriance of forest
+scenery. Hence the road stretches away to Ashurst, the neat
+residence of Mr. Strahan, the King's printer.</p>
+<p>Returning to the verge of the hill, you soon reach the
+<i>apex</i>, or highest point, being 445 feet from the level of the
+Mole.<a id="footnotetag1" name="footnotetag1"></a><a href=
+"#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a> Here you enjoy what the French call a
+<i>coup d'oeil</i>, or I would rather say, <i>a bird's-eye
+view</i>, of unparalleled beauty. Taking the town of Dorking for a
+resting point, the long belt is about twelve miles in extent. The
+outline or boundary commences from the eminence on which I am
+supposed to be standing&mdash;with Brockham Hill, whose steep was
+planted by the late duke of Norfolk, and whence the chain extends
+away towards the great Brighton road. Next in the curve are
+Betchworth Castle and Park, with majestic avenues of limes and
+elms, and fine old chestnut-trees. Adjoining, is the Deepdene, the
+classical seat of the author of "Anastasius," a place, says Salmon,
+"well calculated for the religious rites of the Celts," and
+consecrated by the philosophical pursuits of the Hon. Charles
+Howard, who built an oratory and laboratory, and died here in 1714.
+Next are several fir-crowned ridges, which shelter Bury Hill, the
+mansion of Mr. Barclay, the opulent brewer; whence you ascend the
+opposite line of hills, till you reach Denbies, nearly facing the
+most prominent point of Box Hill. This elegant seat is the abode of
+Mr. Denison, one of the county members, and brother of the
+Marchioness of Conyngham. The second range or ledge, beneath
+Denbies, is the celebrated Dorking lime-works. The transition to
+the Norbury Hills, already mentioned, is now very short, which
+completes the outline of the view. It should, however, be remarked
+that the scenery within this range can be distinctly enjoyed
+without the aid of art; whilst beyond it the prospect extends, and
+fades away in the South Downs on one hand, and beyond the
+metropolis on the other.</p>
+<p>The little <i>parterre</i> to be described, includes the
+sheltered town of Dorking, environed with rich lawny slopes,
+variegated with villas in the last taste; and little heights, from
+whose clustering foliage peeps the cottage roof of humble life. But
+the Paradise immediately at <span class="pagenum"><a id="page265"
+name="page265"></a>[pg 265]</span> the foot of Box Hill is the gem
+of the whole scene, and is one of the most perfect pictures of
+rural beauty which pen or pencil can attempt. It appears like an
+assemblage of every rural charm in a few acres, in whose disposal
+nature has done much, and art but little. Park, lawn, woody walk,
+slope, wilderness and dell are among its varieties; and its quiet
+is only broken by the sluggish stream of the Mole. Adjoining is a
+little inn, more like one of the picturesque <i>auberges</i> of the
+continent than an English house of cheer. The grounds are
+ornamented with rustic alcoves, boscages, and a bowery walk, all in
+good taste. Here hundreds of tourists pass a portion of "the
+season," as in a "loop-hole of retreat." In the front of the inn,
+however, the stream of life glides fast; and a little past it, the
+road crosses the Mole by Burford Bridge, and winds with geometrical
+accuracy through the whole of this hasty sketch.</p>
+<h4>PHILO.</h4>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>NOTES OF A READER</h2>
+<h3>THE UNIVERSAL PRAYER AND OTHER POEMS.</h3>
+<p>We usually leave criticism to the <i>grey-beards</i>, or such as
+have passed the <i>viginti annorum lucubrationes</i> of reviewing.
+It kindles so many little heart-burnings and jealousies, that we
+rejoice it is not part of our duty. To be sure, we sometimes take
+up a book in real earnest, read it through, and have <i>our say</i>
+upon its merits; but this is only a gratuitous and occasional
+freak, just to keep up our oracular consequence. In the present
+case, we do not feel disposed to exercise this privilege, further
+than in a very few words&mdash;merely to say that Mr. Robert
+Montgomery has published a volume of Poems under the above
+title&mdash;that the poems are of unequal merit, and that like
+Virgil, his excellence lies in describing scenes of darkness.</p>
+<p>The "Universal Prayer" is a devotional outpouring of a truly
+poetical soul, with as much new imagery as the subject would admit;
+and if <i>scriptural</i> poems be estimated in the ratio of
+<i>scriptural</i> sermons, the merit of the former is of the first
+order.<a id="footnotetag2" name="footnotetag2"></a><a href=
+"#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a></p>
+<p>From the other poems we have detached the following beautiful
+specimens:&mdash;</p>
+<p>CONSUMPTION.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>With step as noiseless as the summer air,</p>
+<p>Who comes in beautiful decay?&mdash;her eyes</p>
+<p>Dissolving with a feverish glow of light,</p>
+<p>Her nostrils delicately closed, and on</p>
+<p>Her cheek a rosy tint, as if the tip</p>
+<p>Of Beauty's finger faintly press'd it there,&mdash;</p>
+<p>Alas! Consumption is her name.</p>
+<p>Thou loved and loving one!</p>
+<p>From the dark languish of thy liquid eye,</p>
+<p>So exquisitely rounded, darts a ray</p>
+<p>Of truth, prophetic of thine early doom;</p>
+<p>And on thy placid cheek there is a print</p>
+<p>Of death,&mdash;the beauty of consumption there.</p>
+<p>Few note that fatal bloom; for bless'd by all,</p>
+<p>Thou movest through thy noiseless sphere, the life,</p>
+<p>Of one,&mdash;the darling of a thousand hearts.</p>
+<p>Yet in the chamber, o'er some graceful task</p>
+<p>When delicately bending, oft unseen,</p>
+<p>Thy mother marks then with that musing glance</p>
+<p>That looks through cunning time, and sees thee stretch'd</p>
+<p>A shade of being, shrouded for the tomb.</p>
+<p>The Day is come, led gently on by Death;</p>
+<p>With pillow'd head all gracefully reclined,</p>
+<p>And grape-like curls in languid clusters wreath'd,</p>
+<p>Within a cottage room she sits to die;</p>
+<p>Where from the window, in a western view,</p>
+<p>Majestic ocean rolls.&mdash;A summer eve</p>
+<p>Shines o'er the earth, and all the glowing air</p>
+<p>Stirs faintly, like a pulse; against the shore</p>
+<p>The waves unrol them with luxurious joy,</p>
+<p>While o'er the midway deep she looks, where like</p>
+<p>A sea god glares the everlasting Sun</p>
+<p>O'er troops of billows marching in his beam!&mdash;</p>
+<p>From earth to heaven, from heaven to earth, her eyes</p>
+<p>Are lifted, bright with wonder and with awe,</p>
+<p>Till through each vein reanimation rolls!</p>
+<p>'Tis past; and now her filmy glance is fix'd</p>
+<p>Upon the heavens, as though her spirit gazed</p>
+<p>On that immortal world, to which 'tis bound:</p>
+<p>The sun hath sunk.&mdash;her soul hath fled without</p>
+<p>A pang, and left her lovely in her death,</p>
+<p>And beautiful as an embodied dream.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>MORTALITY.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>All that we love and feel on Nature's face,</p>
+<p>Bear dim relations to our common doom.</p>
+<p>The clouds that blush, and die a beamy death,</p>
+<p>Or weep themselves away in rain,&mdash;the streams</p>
+<p>That flow along in dying music,&mdash;leaves</p>
+<p>That fade, and drop into the frosty arms</p>
+<p>Of Winter, there to mingle with dead flowers,&mdash;</p>
+<p>Are all prophetic of our own decay.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>BEAUTY</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>How oft, as unregarded on a throng</p>
+<p>Of lovely creatures, in whose liquid eyes</p>
+<p>The heart-warm feelings bathe, I've look'd</p>
+<p>With all a Poet's passion, and have wish'd</p>
+<p>That years might never pluck their graceful smiles&mdash;</p>
+<p>How often Death, as with a viewless wand,</p>
+<p>Has touch'd the scene, and witch'd it to a tomb!</p>
+<p>Where Beauty dwindled to a ghastly wreck,</p>
+<p>And spirits of the Future seem'd to cry,&mdash;</p>
+<p>Thus will it be when Time has wreak'd revenge.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>MELANCHOLY.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>When mantled with the melancholy glow</p>
+<p>Of eve, she wander'd oft: and when the wind,</p>
+<p>Like a stray infant down autumnal dales</p>
+<p>Roam'd wailingly, she loved to mourn and muse:</p>
+<p>To commune with the lonely orphan flowers,</p>
+<p>And through sweet Nature's ruin trace her own.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>VISION OF HEAVEN.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>An empyrean infinitely vast</p>
+<p>And irridescent, roof'd with rainbows, whose</p>
+<p>Transparent gleams like water-shadows shone,</p>
+<p>Before me lay: Beneath this dazzling vault&mdash;</p>
+<p>I felt, but cannot paint the splendour there!</p>
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page266" name="page266"></a>[pg
+266]</span>
+<p>Glory, beyond the wonder of the heart</p>
+<p>To dream, around interminably blazed.</p>
+<p>A spread of fields more beautiful than skies</p>
+<p>Flush'd with the flowery radiance of the west;</p>
+<p>Valleys in greenest glory, deck'd with trees</p>
+<p>That trembled music to the ambrosial airs</p>
+<p>That chanted round them,&mdash;vein'd with glossy streams,</p>
+<p>That gush'd, like feelings from a raptured soul:</p>
+<p>Such was the scenery;&mdash;with garden walks,</p>
+<p>Delight of angels and the blest, where flowers</p>
+<p>Perennial bloom, and leaping fountains breathe,</p>
+<p>Like melted gems, a gleaming mist around!</p>
+<p>Here fruits for ever ripe, on radiant boughs,</p>
+<p>Droop temptingly; here all that eye and heart</p>
+<p>Enrapts, in pure perfection is enjoy'd;</p>
+<p>And here o'er flowing paths with agate paved,</p>
+<p>Immortal Shapes meander and commune.</p>
+<p>While with permissive gaze I glanced the scene,</p>
+<p>A whelming tide of rich-toned music roll'd,</p>
+<p>Waking delicious echoes, as it wound</p>
+<p>From Melody's divinest fount! All heaven</p>
+<p>Glow'd bright, as, like a viewless river, swell'd</p>
+<p>The deepening music!&mdash;Silence came again!</p>
+<p>And where I gazed, a shrine of cloudy fire</p>
+<p>Flamed redly awful; round it Thunder walk'd,</p>
+<p>And from it Lightning look'd out most sublime!</p>
+<p>Here throned in unimaginable bliss</p>
+<p>And glory, sits The One Eternal Power,</p>
+<p>Creator, Lord, and Life of All: Again,</p>
+<p>Stillness ethereal reign'd, and forth appear'd</p>
+<p>Elysian creatures robed in fleecy light,</p>
+<p>Together flocking from celestial haunts,</p>
+<p>And mansions of purpureal mould; the Host</p>
+<p>Of heaven assembled to adore with harp</p>
+<p>And hymn, the First and Last, the Living God;</p>
+<p>They knelt,&mdash;a universal choir, and glow'd</p>
+<p>More beauteous while they breathed the chant divine,</p>
+<p>And Hallelujah! Hallelujah! peal'd,</p>
+<p>And thrill'd the concave with harmonious joy.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>VISION OF HELL.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Apart, upon a throne of living fire</p>
+<p>The Fiend was seated; in his eye there shone</p>
+<p>The look that dared Omnipotence; the light</p>
+<p>Of sateless vengeance, and sublime despair.&mdash;</p>
+<p>He sat amid a burning world, and saw</p>
+<p>Tormented myriads, whose blaspheming shrieks</p>
+<p>Were mingled with the howl of hidden floods,</p>
+<p>And Acherontine groans; of all the host,</p>
+<p>The only dauntless he. As o'er the wild</p>
+<p>He glanced, the pride of agony endured</p>
+<p>Awoke, and writhed through all his giant frame,</p>
+<p>That redden'd, and dilated, like a sun!</p>
+<p>Till moved by some remember'd bliss, or joy</p>
+<p>Of paradisal hours, or to supply</p>
+<p>The cravings of infernal wrath,&mdash;he bade</p>
+<p>The roar of Hell be hush'd,&mdash;and silence was!</p>
+<p>He called the cursed,&mdash;and they flash'd from cave</p>
+<p>And wild&mdash;from dungeon and from den they came,</p>
+<p>And stood an unimaginable mass</p>
+<p>Of spirits, agonized with burning pangs:</p>
+<p>In silence stood they, while the Demon gazed</p>
+<p>On all, and communed with departed Time,</p>
+<p>From whence his vengeance such a harvest reap'd.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>BEAUTIFUL INFLUENCES.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>Who hath not felt the magic of a voice,&mdash;</p>
+<p>Its spirit haunt him in romantic hours?</p>
+<p>Who hath not heard from Melody's own lips</p>
+<p>Sounds that become a music to his mind?&mdash;</p>
+<p>Music is heaven! and in the festive dome,</p>
+<p>When throbs the lyre, as if instinct with life,</p>
+<p>And some sweet mouth is full of song,&mdash;how soon</p>
+<p>A rapture flows from eye to eye, from heart</p>
+<p>To heart&mdash;while floating from the past, the forms</p>
+<p>We love are recreated, and the smile</p>
+<p>That lights the cheek is mirror'd on the heart!</p>
+<p>So beautiful the influence of sound,</p>
+<p>There is a sweetness in the homely chime</p>
+<p>Of village bells: I love to hear them roll</p>
+<p>Upon the breeze; like voices from the dead,</p>
+<p>They seem to hail us from a viewless world.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<hr />
+<h3>PERSECUTION OF THE JEWS.</h3>
+<p>We know it to be a fact, that a Jew, an artist of reputation,
+who had conceived a great confidence in a Christian engaged in the
+promotion of the conversion of the Israelites, revealed to him,
+that both he and his brother had been Christians from their
+childhood from having been bred up amongst Christians, but were too
+indignant at the treatment which they and their brethren met with
+at Christian hands, to profess Christianity; and he earnestly
+pleaded, as essential to their being induced to receive the gospel,
+that those who participate in the attempt should approach them with
+a language of decided affection for Israel.&mdash;<i>Q.
+Rev.</i></p>
+<hr />
+<h3>ABSENTEES</h3>
+<p>Soon become detached from all habitual employments and duties;
+the salutary feeling of home is lost; early friendships are
+dissevered, and life becomes a vague and restless state, freed, it
+may seem, from many ties, but yet more destitute of the better and
+purer pleasures of existence.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>ITINERANT OPERAS.</h3>
+<p>The first performance of the <i>opera seria</i> at Rome, in
+1606, consisted of scenes in recitative and airs, exhibited in a
+<i>cart</i> during the carnival.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>THE GAMUT.</h3>
+<p>Guido D'Arezzo, a monk of the 13th century, in the solitude of
+his convent, made the grand discovery of counterpoint, or the
+science of harmony, as distinguished from melody; he also invented
+the present system of notation, and gave those names to the sounds
+of the diatonic scale still in use:&mdash;<i>ut, re, mi, fa, sol,
+la, si</i>; these being the first syllables of the first six lines
+of a hymn to St. John the Baptist, written in monkish Latin; and
+they seem to have been adopted without any special reason, from the
+caprice of the musician.&mdash;<i>Foreign Rev.</i></p>
+<hr />
+<p>It is said that the first church was erected at Glastonbury; and
+this tradition may seem to deserve credit, because it was not
+contradicted in those ages when other churches would have found it
+profitable to advance a similar pretension. The building is
+described as a rude structure of wicker-work, like the dwellings of
+the people in those days, and differing from them only in its
+dimensions, which were threescore feet in length, and twenty-six in
+breadth. An abbey was afterwards erected there, one of the finest
+of those edifices, and one of the most remarkable for the many
+interesting circumstances connected with it. The destruction of
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page267" name="page267"></a>[pg
+267]</span> this beautiful and venerable fabric is one of the
+crimes by which our reformation was
+sullied.&mdash;<i>Southey</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>GHOST STORY, BY M.G. LEWIS.</h3>
+<p>A gentleman journeying towards the house of a friend, who lived
+on the skirts of an extensive forest, in the east of Germany, lost
+his way. He wandered for some time among the trees, when he saw a
+light at a distance. On approaching it he was surprised to observe
+that it proceeded from the interior of a ruined monastery. Before
+he knocked at the gate he thought it proper to look through the
+window. He saw a number of cats assembled round a small grave, four
+of whom were at that moment letting down a coffin with a crown upon
+it. The gentleman startled at this unusual sight, and, imagining
+that he had arrived at the retreats of fiends or witches, mounted
+his horse and rode away with the utmost precipitation. He arrived
+at his friend's house at a late hour, who sat up waiting for him.
+On his arrival his friend questioned him as to the cause of the
+traces of agitation visible in his face. He began to recount his
+adventures after much hesitation, knowing that it was scarcely
+possible that his friend should give faith to his relation. No
+sooner had he mentioned the coffin with the crown upon it, than his
+friend's cat, who seemed to have been lying asleep before the fire,
+leaped up, crying out, "Then I am king of the cats;" and then
+scrambled up the chimney, and was never seen more.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>RIDICULOUS MISTAKE.</h3>
+<p>A quantity of Worcestershire china being sent to the
+<i>Nawaab</i> at Lucknow, in India, from England, he was as
+impatient to open it as a child would be with a new plaything; and
+immediately gave orders for invitations to be sent to the whole
+settlement for a breakfast, <i>&agrave; la fourchette</i>, next
+morning. Tables were accordingly spread for upwards of a hundred
+persons, including his ministers and officers of state. Nothing
+could be more splendid than the general appearance of this
+entertainment; but the dismay may be more easily imagined than
+described, on discovering that the servants had mistaken certain
+utensils for milk-bowls, and had actually placed about twenty of
+them, filled with that beverage, along the centre of the table. The
+consequence was, the English part of the company declined taking
+any; upon which the <i>Nawaab</i> innocently remarked, "I thought
+that the English were fond of milk." Some of them had much
+difficulty to keep their countenances.</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS</h2>
+<h3>ENGLISH COUNTRY LIFE.</h3>
+<p>The country seats of England form, indeed, one of the most
+remarkable features, not only in English landscape, but yet more in
+what may be termed the genius and economy of English manners. Their
+great number throughout the country, the varied grandeur and beauty
+of their parks and gardens, the extent, magnificence, and various
+architecture of the houses, the luxurious comfort and completeness
+of their internal arrangements, and their relation generally to the
+character of the peasantry surrounding them, justify fully the
+expression we have used. No where has this mode of life attained so
+high a degree of perfection and refinement. We will allude to two
+circumstances, amongst many others, in illustration. The first of
+these is, the very great number of valuable libraries belonging to
+our family seats. It has been sometimes remarked as singular, that
+England should possess so few great public libraries, while a
+poorer country, like Germany, can boast of its numerous and vast
+collections at Vienna, Prague, Munich, Stutgard, Goettingen,
+Wolfenbuttel, &amp;c. The fact is partly explained by the many
+political divisions and capitals, and by the number of universities
+in Germany. But a further explanation may be found in the
+innumerable private libraries dispersed throughout
+England&mdash;many of them equal to public ones in extent and
+value, and most of them well furnished in classics, and in English
+and French literature.</p>
+<p>The other peculiarity we would name about our English
+country-houses is, that they do not insulate their residents from
+the society and business of active life; which insulation is
+probably a cause, why so many proprietors in other countries pass
+their whole time in the metropolis or larger towns. The facility
+and speed of communication in England link together all places,
+however remote, and all interests, political and social, of the
+community. The <span class="pagenum"><a id="page268" name=
+"page268"></a>[pg 268]</span> country gentleman, sitting at his
+breakfast table a hundred miles from London, receives the
+newspapers printed there the night before; his books come to him
+still damp from the press; and the debates in parliament travel to
+every country-house in England within fifty or sixty hours of the
+time when they have taken place. The like facility exists as to
+provincial interests of every kind. The nobleman or country
+gentleman is a public functionary within his district, and no man
+residing on his estates is, or need feel himself, unimportant to
+the community. <i>Quarterly Rev.</i></p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>FLOWERS.</h2>
+<p>When summer's delightful season arrives, rarely in this country
+too warm to be enjoyed throughout the day in the open air, there is
+nothing more grateful than a profusion of choice flowers around and
+within our dwellings. The humblest apartments ornamented with these
+beautiful productions of nature have, in my view, a more delightful
+effect than the proudest saloons with gilded ceilings and hangings
+of Genoa velvet. The richness of the latter, indeed, would be
+heightened, and their elegance increased, by the judicious
+introduction of flowers and foliage into them. The odour of
+flowers, the cool appearance of the dark green leaves of some
+species, and the beautiful tints and varied forms of others, are
+singularly grateful to the sight, and refreshing at the same time.
+Vases of Etruscan mould, containing plants of the commonest kind,
+offer those lines of beauty which the eye delights in following;
+and variform leaves hanging festooned over them, and shading them
+if they be of a light colour, with a soft grateful hue, add much to
+their pleasing effect. These decorations are simple and cheap.</p>
+<p>Lord Bacon, whose magnificence of mind exempts him from every
+objection as a model for the rest of mankind, (in all but the
+unfortunate error to which, perhaps, his sordid pursuit in life led
+him, to the degradation of his nobler intellect), was
+enthusiastically attached to flowers, and kept a succession of them
+about him in his study and at his table. Now the union of books and
+flowers is more particularly agreeable. Nothing, in my view, is
+half so delightful as a library set off with these beautiful
+productions of the earth during summer, or indeed, any other season
+of the year. A library or study, opening on green turf, and having
+the view of a distant rugged country, with a peep at the ocean
+between hills, a small fertile space forming the nearest ground,
+and an easy chair and books, is just as much of local enjoyment as
+a thinking man can desire&mdash;I reck not if under a thatched or
+slated roof, to me it is the same thing. A favourite author on my
+table, in the midst of my bouquets, and I speedily forget how the
+rest of the world wags. I fancy I am enjoying nature and art
+together, a consummation of luxury that never palls upon the
+appetite&mdash;a dessert of uncloying sweets.</p>
+<p>Madame Roland seems to have felt very strongly the union of
+mental pleasure with that afforded to the senses by flowers. She
+somewhere says, "La v&ucirc;e d'une fleur carresse mon imagination
+et flatte mes sens &agrave; un point inexprimable; elle
+r&eacute;veille avec volupt&eacute; le sentiment de mon existence.
+Sous le tranquil abri du toit paternel, j'&eacute;tois heureuse des
+enfance avec des fleurs et des livres; dans l'&eacute;troite
+enciente d'une prison, au milieu des fers impos&eacute;s par la
+tyrannie la plus revoltante, j'oublie l'injustice des hommes, leurs
+sottises, et mes maux, avec des livres et des fleurs." These
+pleasures, however, are too simple to be universally felt.</p>
+<p>There is something delightful in the use which the eastern
+poets, particularly the Persian, make of flowers in their poetry.
+Their allusions are not casual, and in the way of metaphor and
+simile only; they seem really to hold them in high admiration. I am
+not aware that the flowers of Persia, except the rose, are more
+beautiful or more various than those of other countries. Perhaps
+England, including her gardens, green-houses, and fields, having
+introduced a vast variety from every climate, may exhibit a list
+unrivalled, as a whole, in odour and beauty. Yet flowers are not
+with us held in such high estimation as among the Orientals, if we
+are to judge from their poets.</p>
+<p>Bowers of roses and flowers are perpetually alluded to in the
+writings of eastern poets. The Turks, and indeed the Orientals in
+general, have few images of voluptuousness without the richest
+flowers contributing towards them. The noblest palaces, where
+gilding, damask, and fine carpeting abound, would be essentially
+wanting in luxury without flowers. It cannot be from their odour
+alone that they are thus identified with pleasure; it is from their
+union of exquisite hues, fragrance, and beautiful forms, that they
+raise a sentiment of voluptuousness, in the mind; for whatever
+unites these qualities can scarcely do otherwise.</p>
+<p>Whoever virtuously despises the opinion that simple and cheap
+pleasures, not only good, but in the very best taste, are of no
+value because they want a meretricious rarity, will fill their
+apartments with a succession of our better garden flowers. It has
+been said that flowers placed in bedrooms are not wholesome. This
+cannot be meant of such as are in a state of vegetation. Plucked
+and put into water, they quickly decay, and doubtless, give out a
+putrescent air; when alive and growing, there need not be any
+danger apprehended from them, provided fresh air is frequently
+introduced. For <span class="pagenum"><a id="page269" name=
+"page269"></a>[pg 269]</span> spacious rooms, the better kinds,
+during warm weather, are those which have a large leaf and bossy
+flower. Large leaves have a very agreeable effect on the senses;
+their rich green is grateful to the sight; of this kind, the
+Hydrangaea is remarkably well adapted for apartments, but it
+requires plenty of water. Those who have a greenhouse connected
+with their dwellings, have the convenience, by management, of
+changing their plants as the flowers decay; those who have not, and
+yet have space to afford them light and occasionally air, may rear
+most of those kinds under their own roof, which may be applied for
+ornament in summer. Vases of plaster, modelled from the antique,
+may be stained any colour most agreeable to the fancy, and fitted
+with tin cases to contain the earthen pots of flowers, to prevent
+the damp from acting on them, will look exceedingly well.</p>
+<p>The infinite variety of roses, including the Guelder Rose; the
+Rhododendron, and other plants of similar growth, are fitted for
+the saloon, but they please best in the library. They should be
+intermingled with the bookcases, and stands filled with them should
+be placed wherever practicable. They are a wonderful relief to the
+student. There is always about them a something that infuses a
+sensation of placid joy, cheering and refreshing. Perhaps they were
+first introduced at festivals, in consequence of their possessing
+this quality. A flower garden is the scene of pleasurable feelings
+of innocence and elegance. The introduction of flowers into our
+rooms infuses the same sensations, but intermingles them more with
+our domestic comforts; so that we feel, as it were, in closer
+contact with them. The succession might be kept up for the greater
+part of the year; and even in winter, evergreens will supply their
+places, and, in some respects, contrast well with the season. Many
+fail in preserving the beauty of plants in their apartments,
+because they do not give them sufficient light. Some species do
+well with much less light than others. Light is as necessary to
+them as air. They should not be too often shifted from one place to
+another. Those who will take the trouble, may quicken the growth of
+some plants, so as to have spring flowers in winter. Thus Autumn
+and Spring might be connected; and flowers blooming in the Winter
+of our gloomy climate possess double attraction.</p>
+<p>In the flower garden alcove, books are doubly grateful. As in
+the library ornamented with flowers they seem to be more enjoyed,
+so their union there is irresistibly attracting. To enjoy reading
+under such circumstances most, works of imagination are preferable
+to abstract subjects. Poetry and romance&mdash;"De Vere" and
+"Pelham"&mdash;lighter history&mdash;the lively letters of the
+French school, like those of Sevign&eacute; and others&mdash;or
+natural history&mdash;these are best adapted to peruse amidst
+sweets and flowers: in short, any species of writing that does not
+keep the mind too intently fixed to allow the senses to wander
+occasionally over the scene around, and catch the beauty of the
+rich vegetation. To me the enjoyment derived from the union of
+books and flowers is of the very highest value among pleasurable
+sensations.</p>
+<p>For my own part, I manage very well without the advantage of a
+greenhouse. The evergreens serve me in winter. Then the Lilacs come
+in, followed by the Guelder Rose and Woodbine, the latter trained
+in a pot upon circular trellis-work. After this there can be no
+difficulty in choosing, as the open air offers every variety. I
+arrange all my library and parlour-plants in a room in my
+dwelling-house facing the south, having a full portion of light,
+and a fireplace. I promote the growth of my flowers for the early
+part of the year by steam-warmth, and having large tubs and boxes
+of earth, I am at no loss, in my humble conservatory, for flowers
+of many kinds when our climate offers none. The trouble attending
+them is all my own, and is one of those employments which never
+appear laborious. Those who have better conveniences may proceed on
+a larger scale; but I contrive to keep up a due succession, which
+to a floral epicure is every thing. To be a day in the year without
+seeing a flower is a novelty to me, and I am persuaded much more
+might be done with my humble means than I have effected, had I
+sufficient leisure to attend to the retarding or forcing them. I
+cover every space in my sitting-room with these beautiful fairy
+things of creation, and take so much delight in the sight of them,
+that I cannot help recommending those of limited incomes, like
+myself, to follow my example and be their own nurserymen. The rich
+might easily obtain them without; but what they procure by gold,
+the individual of small means must obtain by industry. I know there
+are persons to whom the flowers of Paradise would be objects of
+indifference; but who can imitate, or envy such? They are
+grovellers, whose coarseness of taste is only fitted for the
+grossest food of life. The pleasures "des Fleurs et des Livres"
+are, as Henry IV. observed of his child, "the property of all the
+world."</p>
+<h4><i>New Monthly Magazine.</i></h4>
+<hr />
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page270" name="page270"></a>[pg
+270]</span>
+<h3>PRINCIPLES OF BLACKWOOD'S MAGAZINE.</h3>
+<p><i>Shepherd</i>. (<i>Standing up</i>.) It's on principles like
+these&mdash;boldly and unblushingly avoo'd here&mdash;in Mr.
+Awmrose's paper-parlour, at the conclusion o' the sixth brodd, on
+the evening o' Monday the 22nd o' September, Anno Domini aughteen
+hunder and twunty-aught, within twa hours o' midnicht&mdash;that
+you, sir, have been yeditin' a Maggasin that has gone out to the
+uttermost corners o' the yerth, wherever civilization or
+uncivilization is known, deludin' and distracktin' men and women
+folk, till it's impossible for them to ken their right hand frae
+their left&mdash;or whether they're standin' on their heels or
+their heads&mdash;or what byeuk ought to be perused, and what byeuk
+puttin intil the bottom o' pye-dishes, and trunks&mdash;or what
+awthor hissed, or what awthor hurraa'd&mdash;or what's flummery and
+what's philosophy&mdash;or what's rant and what's religion&mdash;or
+what's monopoly and what's free tredd&mdash;or wha's poets or wha's
+but Pats&mdash;or whether it's best to be drunk, or whether it's
+best to be sober a' hours o' the day and nicht&mdash;or if there
+should be rich church establishments as in England, or poor kirk
+ones as in Scotland&mdash;or whether the Bishop o' Canterbury, wi'
+twenty thousan' a-year, is mair like a primitive Christian than the
+Minister o' Kirkintulloch wi' twa hunder and fifty&mdash;or if folk
+should aye be readin' sermons or fishin' for sawmon&mdash;or if
+it's best to marry or best to burn&mdash;or if the national debt
+hangs like a millstone round the neck o' the kintra or like a chain
+o' blae-berries&mdash;or if the Millennium be really close at
+haun'&mdash;or the present Solar System be calculated to last to a'
+eternity&mdash;or whether the people should be edicated up to the
+highest pitch o' perfection, or preferably to be all like trotters
+through the Bog o' Allen&mdash;or whether the government should
+subsedeeze foreign powers, or spend a' its sillar on
+oursells&mdash;or whether the Blacks and the Catholics should be
+emancipawted or no afore the demolition o' Priests and
+Obis&mdash;or whether (God forgie us baith for the hypothesis) man
+has a mortal or an immortal sowl&mdash;be a Phoenix&mdash;or an
+Eister!&mdash;<i>From the Noctes</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>CURSES OF ABSENTEEISM.</h3>
+<p>What is the condition of the country-seat of the absentee
+proprietor? The mansion-house deserted and closed; the approaches
+to it ragged and grass grown; the chimneys, "those windpipes of
+good hospitality," as an old English poet calls them, giving no
+token of the cheerful fire within; the gardens running to waste,
+or, perchance, made a source of menial profit; the old family
+servants dismissed, and some rude bailiff, or country attorney,
+ruling paramount in the place. The surrounding cottagers, who have
+derived their support from the vicinage, deprived of this, pass
+into destitution and wretchedness; either abandoning their homes,
+throwing themselves upon parish relief, or seeking provision by
+means yet more desperate. The farming tenantry, though less
+immediately dependent, yet all partake, more or less, in the evil.
+The charities and hospitalities which belong to such a mansion lie
+dormant; the clergyman is no longer supported and aided in his
+important duties; the family pew in the church is closed; and the
+village churchyard ceases to be a place of pleasant meeting, where
+the peasant's heart is gladdened by the kindly notice of his
+landlord.</p>
+<p>It is the struggle against retrenchment, the "paupertatis pudor
+et fuga," which has caused hundreds of English families, of
+property and consideration, to desert their family places, and to
+pass year after year in residence abroad. At the close of each
+London season, the question too often occurs as to the best mode of
+evading return to the country; and the sun of summer, instead of
+calling back the landlord to his tenants, and to the harvests of
+his own lands, sends him forth to the meagre adventures of
+continental roads and inns.&mdash;<i>Quarterly Rev.</i></p>
+<hr />
+<h3>SOLILOQUY.</h3>
+<h3>THE KING OF DARKNESS.</h3>
+<h3><i>On the Fallen Angels.</i></h3>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>They're gone to ply their ineffectual labour,&mdash;</p>
+<p>To sow in guilt what they must reap in woe,&mdash;</p>
+<p>Heaping upon themselves more deep damnation.</p>
+<p>Thus would I have it.&mdash;Little once I thought,</p>
+<p>When leagued with me in crime and punishment</p>
+<p>They fell,&mdash;condemned to an eternity</p>
+<p>Of exile from all joy and holiness&mdash;</p>
+<p>And the first stains of sinfulness and sorrow</p>
+<p>Fell blight-like o'er their cherub lineaments&mdash;</p>
+<p>Myself the cause&mdash;Albeit too proud for tears,</p>
+<p>Yet touch'd with their sad doom, I little thought</p>
+<p>I e'er should hate them thus.&mdash;Yet thus I hate them,</p>
+<p>With all that bitter agony of soul</p>
+<p>Which is the punishment of fiends. Alas!</p>
+<p>It was my high ambition, to hold sway,</p>
+<p>Sole, paramount, unquestion'd, o'er a third</p>
+<p>Of Heaven's resplendent legions:&mdash;Power and glory</p>
+<p>Dwelt on them, like an elemental essence</p>
+<p>That could not be destroyed.&mdash;I could not deem</p>
+<p>That aught could so extinguish the pure fire</p>
+<p>Of their sun-like beauty&mdash;yet 'tis changed!&mdash;</p>
+<p>I gain'd them to my wish, and they are grown</p>
+<p>Too hateful to be look'd on.&mdash;Thus I've seen</p>
+<p>The frail fair dupe of amorous perfidy,</p>
+<p>The victim of a smile,&mdash;by man beguiled&mdash;</p>
+<p>Won to debasement, and then left in loathing:&mdash;</p>
+<p>Alas! I cannot leave my fatal conquest!&mdash;</p>
+<p>Man! would I were the humblest mortal wretch,</p>
+<p>That crawls beneath yon shadowing temple's tower,</p>
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page271" name="page271"></a>[pg
+271]</span>
+<p>Under the sky of Canaan; so I might</p>
+<p>Lay down this weight of sceptred misery,</p>
+<p>And fly for ever from myself and these!</p>
+<p>But Pride reproves the wish; and&mdash;it is useless;</p>
+<p>The unatonable deeds of ages rise</p>
+<p>Like clouds between me and the throne of Grace.</p>
+<p>I may not hope,&mdash;or fear,&mdash;still unsubdued,</p>
+<p>As when I ruled the anarchy of Heaven,</p>
+<p>I stand in Fate's despite,&mdash;firm and impassive</p>
+<p>To all that Chance, and Time, and Ruin bring.</p>
+<p>&mdash;In that disastrous day, when this vast world</p>
+<p>Shall, like a tempest-shaken edifice,</p>
+<p>Rock into giant fractures&mdash;as the sound</p>
+<p>Of the Archangel's trump, upon the deep,</p>
+<p>Bids fall the bonds of nature, to let forth</p>
+<p>Destruction's formless fiend from world to world,</p>
+<p>Trampling the stars to darkness,&mdash;Even then,</p>
+<p>Like that proud Roman exile, musing o'er</p>
+<p>The dust of fallen Carthage, I shall stand,</p>
+<p>Myself a solemn wreck, calm and unmoved</p>
+<p>Among the ruins of the works of God.</p>
+<p>And my last look shall be a look of triumph</p>
+<p>O'er the fallen pillars of the deep and sky;</p>
+<p>The wreck of nature by my deeds prepared&mdash;</p>
+<p>Deeds&mdash;which o'erpay the power of Destiny.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h4><i>Blackwood's Magazine.</i></h4>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>THE GATHERER.</h2>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"A snapper-up of unconsidered trifles."</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>SHAKSPEARE.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h3>ON A PICTURE OF HERO AND LEANDER.</h3>
+<h4><i>By T. Hood</i>.</h4>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Why, Lover, why</p>
+<p>Such a water-rover?</p>
+<p>Would she love thee more</p>
+<p>For coming <i>half seas over</i>?</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Why, Lady, why</p>
+<p>So in love with dipping?</p>
+<p>Must a lad of <i>Greece</i></p>
+<p>Come all over <i>dripping</i>?</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Why, Cupid, why</p>
+<p>Make the passage brighter?</p>
+<p>Were not any boat</p>
+<p>Better than a <i>lighter</i>?</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Why, Maiden, why</p>
+<p>So intrusive standing?</p>
+<p>Must thou be on the stair,</p>
+<p>When he's on the <i>landing</i>?</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h4><i>The Gem.</i></h4>
+<hr />
+<p>On a tombstone in the churchyard of Christchurch, Hants, is the
+following curious inscription, which I copied on the spot. Perhaps
+some of your numerous readers can explain the same:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>WE WERE NOT SLAYNE BVT RAYSD</p>
+<p>RAYSD NOT TO LIFE</p>
+<p>BVT TO BE BVRIED TWICE</p>
+<p>BY MEN OF STRIFE</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>WHAT REST COVLD'TH LIVING HAVE</p>
+<p>WHEN DEAD HAD NONE</p>
+<p>AGREE AMONGST YOV</p>
+<p>HERE WE TEN ARE ONE</p>
+<p>HEN: ROGERS DIED APRILL 17, 1641.</p>
+<p class="i6">I R.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<hr />
+<h3>EPICURISM.</h3>
+<p>Thomas a Becket gave five pounds, equivalent to seventy-five
+pounds of the present money, for a dish of eels.</p>
+<h4>HALBERT H.</h4>
+<hr />
+<p>A famous scholar of the last century, when a boy, was
+exceedingly fond of the Greek language, and after he had been a
+short time at school, had acquired so much of the sound of the
+language, that when at home at dinner one day his father said,
+"Shall you not be glad, Harry, when you can tell me the names of
+every dish on the table in Greek?" "Yes," said he; "but I think I
+know what it must be." "Do you?" said the father; "what do you know
+about Greek?"&mdash;"Nothing," said the boy; "but I think I can
+guess from the sound of it what it would be." "Well, say then,"
+said the father. He quickly replied, "Shouldromoton, alphagous,
+pasti-venizon." It appears the dinner consisted of a shoulder of
+mutton, half a goose, and venison pasty.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>SNUFF AND TOBACCO.</h3>
+<p>In the year 1797, was circulated the following proposals for
+publishing by subscription, a History of Snuff and Tobacco, in Two
+Volumes:&mdash;</p>
+<p>Vol. 1.&mdash;To contain a description of the nose&mdash;size of
+noses&mdash;a digression on Roman noses&mdash;whether long noses
+are symptomatic&mdash;origin of tobacco&mdash;tobacco first
+manufactured into snuff&mdash;inquiry who took the first
+pinch&mdash;essay on sneezing&mdash;whether the ancients sneezed,
+and at what&mdash;origin of pocket
+handkerchiefs&mdash;discrimination between snuffing and taking
+snuff; the former only applied to candles&mdash;parliamentary
+snuff-takers&mdash;troubles in the time of Charles I. as connected
+with smoking.</p>
+<p>Vol. 2.&mdash;Snuff-takers in the parliamentary army&mdash;wit
+at a pinch&mdash;oval snuff-boxes first used by the
+roundheads&mdash;manufacture of tobacco pipes&mdash;dissertation on
+pipe-clay&mdash;state of snuff during the commonwealth&mdash;the
+union&mdash;Scotch snuff first introduced&mdash;found very pungent
+and penetrating&mdash;accession of George II.&mdash;snuff-boxes
+then made of gold and silver&mdash;George III.&mdash;Scotch snuff
+first introduced at court&mdash;the queen, German snuffs in
+fashion&mdash;female snuff-takers&mdash;clean tuckers, &amp; c.
+&amp;c&mdash;Index and List of Subscribers.</p>
+<h4>C.F.E.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>THE "ILL WIND," &amp;c.</h3>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>In debt, deserted, and forlorn,</p>
+<p class="i2">A melancholy elf</p>
+<p>Resolved, upon a Monday morn,</p>
+<p class="i2">To go and hang himself.</p>
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page272" name="page272"></a>[pg
+272]</span>
+<p>He reach'd the tree, when lo! he views</p>
+<p class="i2">A pot of gold conceal'd;</p>
+<p>He snatch'd it up, threw down the noose,</p>
+<p class="i2">And scamper'd from the field.</p>
+<p>The owner came&mdash;found out the theft,</p>
+<p class="i2">And, having scratch'd his head,</p>
+<p>Took up the rope the other left,</p>
+<p class="i2">And hung himself, instead.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<hr />
+<h3>OLD COOKERY.</h3>
+<p>Gastronomers will feel a natural desire to know what was
+considered the "best universal sauce in the world," in the boon
+days of Charles II., at least what was accounted such, by the Duke
+of York, who was instructed to prepare it by the Spanish
+ambassador. It consisted of parsley, and a dry toast pounded in a
+mortar, with vinegar, salt, and pepper. The modern English would no
+more relish his royal highness's taste in condiments than in
+religion. A fashionable or cabinet dinner of the same period
+consisted of "a dish of marrow-bones, a leg of mutton, a dish of
+fowl, three pullets, and a dozen larks, all in a dish; a great
+tart, a neat's tongue, a dish of anchovies, a dish of prawns, and
+cheese." At the same period, a supper-dish, when the king supped
+with his mistress, Lady Castlemaine, was "a chine of beef
+roasted."</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>OLD EPITAPH.</h3>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>As I was, so are ye,</p>
+<p>As I am, you shall be.</p>
+<p>That I had, that I gave,</p>
+<p>That I gave, that I have.</p>
+<p>Thus I end all my cost,</p>
+<p>That I left, that I lost.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<hr />
+<h3>IMPROMPTU TO &mdash;&mdash;, ON HER MARRIAGE WITH MR. WILLIAM
+P&mdash;&mdash;.</h3>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">When ladies they wed,</p>
+<p class="i2">It ever is said</p>
+<p>That their <i>freedom</i> away they have thrown;</p>
+<p class="i2">But you've not done so,</p>
+<p class="i2">For we very well know</p>
+<p>You will have a <i>Will</i> of your own.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h4>C.K.W.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>PAINTERS.</h3>
+<p>Lavater affirms, that no one whose person is not well formed can
+become a good physiognomist. Those painters were the best whose
+persons were the handsomest. Reubens, Vandyke, and Raphael
+possessed three gradations of beauty, and possessed three
+gradations of painting.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>ELYSIAN SOUP.</h3>
+<p>The French have a soup which they call "<i>Potage a la
+Camerani</i>" of which it is said "a single spoonful will lap the
+palate in Elysium; and while one drop remains on the tongue, each
+other sense is eclipsed by the voluptuous thrilling of the lingual
+nerves!"</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>A JAPANESE BEAUTY.</h3>
+<p>Her face was oval, her features regular, and her little mouth,
+when open, disclosed a set of shining, black lacquered teeth; her
+hair was black, and rolled up in the form of a turban, without any
+ornament, except a few tortoiseshell combs; she had sparkling, dark
+eyes, was about the middle size, and elegantly formed; her dress
+consisted of six wadded silk garments, similar to our night-gowns,
+each fastened round the lower part of the waist by a separate band,
+and drawn close together from the girdle downwards; they were all
+of different colours, and the uppermost was black.</p>
+<h4>U.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>GOOD LIVING.</h3>
+<p>I hate a fellow who was never young; he is like a dull Italian
+year, where the trees are always in leaf, and when the only way of
+knowing the difference of the seasons is by referring to an
+almanack. The inconstancy of the spring may surely be excused for
+the steady warmth of summer and the rich plenty of autumn; then
+comes the hoar of winter old gentleman, and closes the scene not
+ungracefully.&mdash;<i>Old Play.</i></p>
+<hr />
+<p>Purchasers of the MIRROR, who may wish to complete their sets
+are informed, that every volume is complete in itself, and may be
+purchased separately. The whole of the numbers are now in print,
+and can be procured by giving an order to any Bookseller or
+Newsvender.</p>
+<p>Complete sets Vol I. to XI. in boards, price &pound;2.
+19<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>. half bound, &pound;3. 17<i>s</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<p><i>LIMBIRD'S EDITIONS</i></p>
+<p>CHEAP and POPULAR WORKS published at the MIRROR OFFICE in the
+Strand, near Somerset House.</p>
+<p>The ARABIAN NIGHTS' ENTERTAINMENTS, Embellished with nearly 150
+Engravings. Price 6s. 6d. boards.</p>
+<p>The TALES of the GENII. Price 2s.</p>
+<p>The MICROCOSM. By the Right Hon. G. CANNING. &amp;c. Price
+2s.</p>
+<p>PLUTARCH'S LIVES, with Fifty Portraits, 2 vols. price 13s.
+boards.</p>
+<p>COWPER'S POEMS, with 12 Engravings, price 3s. 6d. boards.</p>
+<p>COOK'S VOYAGES, 2 vols. price 8s. boards.</p>
+<p>The CABINET of CURIOSITIES: or, WONDERS of the WORLD DISPLAYED
+Price 5s. boards.</p>
+<p>BEAUTIES of SCOTT, 2 vols. price 7s. boards.</p>
+<p>GOLDSMITH'S ESSAYS. Price 8d.</p>
+<p>DR. FRANKLIN'S ESSAYS. Price 1s. 2d.</p>
+<p>BACON'S ESSAYS Price 8d.</p>
+<p>SALMAGUNDI. Price 1s. 8d.</p>
+<p>The ARCANA of SCIENCE for 1828. Price 4s. 6d.</p>
+<hr />
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote1" name=
+"footnote1"></a> <b>Footnote 1</b>:<a href=
+"#footnotetag1">(return)</a>
+<p>Here is a stump of wood which denotes the grave of Major
+Labelliere, a deranged officer of the Marines, who, by his own
+request was buried on this spot, with his head downwards; it being
+a constant assertion with him, "that the world was turned
+topsy-turvy, and, therefore, at the end he should be right."</p>
+<p>From this point may be seen <i>Leith Hill</i>, with an old
+prospect tower, within which are interred the remains of another
+eccentric gentleman who died in the neighbourhood. In the road from
+Dorking thence is <i>Wotton</i>, the family seat of the
+Evelyns.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote2" name=
+"footnote2"></a> <b>Footnote 2</b>:<a href=
+"#footnotetag2">(return)</a>
+<p>We know a reverend vicar who once took the trouble to count all
+the quotations from Scripture, which occurred in a charity sermon
+he had just printed: and his great satisfaction at the conclusion
+was, that his was indeed "a scriptural sermon."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement,
+and Instruction, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 337 ***
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and
+Instruction, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction
+       Vol. 12, Issue 337, October 25, 1828.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: February 27, 2004 [EBook #11336]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 337 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Allen Siddle, David King, and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team
+
+
+
+
+
+THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT AND INSTRUCTION
+
+Vol. XII. No. 337.] SATURDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1828. [PRICE 2d.
+
+
+
+
+Cheese Wring.
+
+(_To the Editor of the Mirror_.)
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+In presenting your readers with a representation of the Wring Cheese, I
+offer a few prefatory remarks connected with the early importance of the
+county in which it stands, venerable in its age, amid the storms of
+elements, and the changes of religions. Its pristine glory has sunk on
+the horizon of Time; but its legend, like a soft twilight of its former
+day, still hallows it in the memories of the surrounding peasantry.
+
+Cornwall is allowed by antiquaries to be the Capiterides; and the Abbe
+de Fontenu, in the _Memoires de Literature_, tom. vii. p. 126, proves,
+according to Vallancey, that the Phoenicians traded here for tin before
+the Trojan war. Homer frequently mentions this metal; and even in
+Scripture we have allusions to this land under the name of Tarshish
+(Ezekiel, c. xxvii., v. 12-25), being the place whence the Tyrians
+procured various metals, and among the rest, the English metal tin. It
+appears that the primitive Greeks had a clearer knowledge of these
+shores than those in after years; and although Homer, in his shield of
+Achilles, describes the earth surrounded by water, yet Herodotus,
+notwithstanding his learning and research, candidly states his ignorance
+in the following words:--"Neither am I better acquainted with the
+islands called Capiterides, from whence _we are said_ to have our tin."
+The knowledge of these shores existed in periods so remote, that it
+faded. We dwindled away into a visionary land--we lived almost in fable.
+The Phoenician left us, and the link of our history was severed. Hyde de
+Religione Vet. Persarum, c. iv. p. 121, supposes Solomon to have traded
+with the Peruvians; and the analogies between the Pyramids in Mexico and
+Egypt confirm the opinion, and sanction the belief that the ancients had
+a more extended knowledge of, and a greater traffic over, the earth than
+history records. In the most early ages, worship was paid to stone
+idols; and the Pagan introduction of statues into temples was of a
+recenter date. The ancient Etruscans, as well as the ancient Egyptians,
+revered the obeliscal stone, (the reason why to the obeliscal stone is
+given by Payne Knight, in his extraordinary work;) nor was it, according
+to Plutarch, till 170 years after the founding of the city that the
+Romans had statues in their temples, their deities being considered
+invisible. Many stone pillars exist in this country, especially in
+Cornwall; and it is a fair inference that the Phoenician imported his
+religious rites in return for his metallic exports--since we find
+mention made of stone pillars in Genesis, xxviii. v. 20; Deuteronomy,
+xxvii. v. 4.; Joshua, xxiv.; 2 Samuel, xx. v. 8.; Judges, ix. v. 6., &c.
+&c. Many are the conjectures as to what purport these stones were used:
+sometimes they were sepulchral, as Jacob's pillar over Rachel, Gen.
+xxxv. 20. Ilus, son of Dardanus, king of Troy, was buried in the plain
+before that city beneath a column, Iliad, xi. 317. Sometimes they were
+erected as trophies, as the one set up by Samuel between Mizpeh and
+Shen, in commemoration of the defeat of the Philistines; one was also
+erected at Murray, in Scotland, as a monument of the fight between
+Malcolm, son of Keneth, and Sueno the Dane. We also find them as
+witnesses to covenants, like that of Jacob and Laban, which, though
+originally an emblem of a civil pact, became afterwards the place of
+worship of the whole twelve tribes of Israel. All these relics, to say
+nothing of the cromlechs in Malabar, bear a silent and solemn testimony
+of some by-gone people, whose religious and civil customs had extended
+wide over the earth. Their monuments remain, but their history has
+perished, and the dust of their bodies has been scattered in the wind.
+The Druids availed themselves of those places most likely to give an
+effect to their vaticinations; and not only obtained, but supported by
+terror the influence they held over the superstitious feelings of our
+earliest forefathers. Where nature presented a _bizarre_ mass of rocks,
+the Druid worked, and peopled it with his gods, the most remarkable of
+which is the subject of our engraving, called the Wring Cheese, or
+Cheese Wring, in the parish of St. Clare, near Liskeard, in Cornwall.
+This singular mass of rocks is 32 feet high. The large stone at the top
+was a logan, or rocking-stone. Geologists are inclined to consider it as
+a natural production, which is probably the case in part, the Druids
+taking advantage of favourable circumstances to convert these crags to
+objects of superstitious reverence. On its summit are two rock basins;
+and it is a well-known fact, that baptism was a Pagan rite of the
+highest antiquity, (vide the Etruscan vases by Gorius.) Here, probably,
+the rude ancestor of our glorious land was initiated amidst the mystic
+ceremonies of the white-robed Druid and his blood-stained sacrifices. A
+similar mass exists at Brimham, York; and in the "History of Waterford,"
+p. 70, mention is made of St. Declan's stone, which, not liking its
+situation, miraculously _swam_ from Rome, conveying on it St. Declan's
+bell and vestment.
+
+J. SILVESTER.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CURIOUS ANCIENT LEGEND.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+In ancienne tyme, and in a goodly towne, neare to Canterbury, sojourned
+a ladie faire. She one nighte, in the absence of her lorde, leaned her
+lovely arme upon a gentleman's, and walked in the fyldes. When
+journeying far, she became afraide, and begged to returne. The
+gentleman, with kyndest sayings and greate courtesey, retraced their
+steps; when in this saide momente, this straynge occurrence came to
+pass--ye raine descended, though the moone and millions of starres were
+shyneing bryght. In journeying home, another straynge occurrence came to
+pass; her coral lippes the gentleman's did meete in sweetest kyss. Thys
+was not straynge at all; but that the moone, that still shone bryghte,
+did in the momente hide herself behynde a cloude: this was straynge,
+most passing straynge indeede. The ladie faire, who prayed to the
+blessed Virgin, did to her confesseur this confession mayk, and her
+confesseur with charitye impromptu wrote:--
+
+  "Whence came the rayne, when first with guileless heart
+  Further to walk she's lothe, and yet more lothe to part?
+  It was not rayne, but angels' pearly teares,
+  In pity dropt to soothe Eliza's feares.
+  Whence came the cloude that veil'd the orb of nighte,
+  When first her lippes she yielded to delyght?
+  It was not cloude, but whylst the world was hush,
+  Mercy put forthe her hande to hide Eliza's blush."
+
+W.G.C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+PICTON'S MONUMENT, CARMARTHEN.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+This interesting national tribute stands at the west end of the town of
+Carmarthen, rising ground, and is erected in memory of the gallant Sir
+Thomas Picton, who terminated his career in the ever-to-be-remembered
+battle of Waterloo. The structure stands about 30 feet high, and is,
+particularly the shaft and architrave, similar to Trajan's pillar in
+Rome; and being built of a very durable material, (black marble,) will
+no doubt stand as many ages as that noble, though now mouldering relic.
+The pillar stands on a square pedestal, with a small door on the east
+side, which fronts the town, where the monument is ascended by a flight
+of steps. Over the door, in large characters, is the hero's name,
+PICTON; and above this, in basso relievo, is represented part of the
+field of battle, with the hero falling from his horse, from the mortal
+wound which he received. Over this, in large letters, is inscribed
+WATERLOO. On the west end is represented the siege of Badajos, Picton
+scaling the walls with a few men, and attacked by the besieged. Above
+this is the word BADAJOS. On the south side of the pedestal is the
+following inscription:--
+
+  Sir THOMAS PICTON,
+
+  Knight Grand Cross of the Military Order of the
+    Bath,
+  Of the Portuguese Order of the Tower and Sword,
+    and of other foreign Orders;
+  Lieutenant-General in the British Army, and
+    Member of Parliament for the Borough of
+    Pembroke,
+  Born at Poyston, in Pembrokeshire, in August,
+    1758;
+  Died at Waterloo on the 18th of June, 1815,
+    Gloriously fighting for his country and the
+    liberties of Europe.
+  Having honourably fulfilled, on behalf of the
+    public, various duties in various climates:
+  And having achieved the highest military renown
+    in the Spanish Peninsula,
+  He thrice received the unanimous thanks of
+    Parliament,
+  And a Monument erected by the British nation
+    in St. Paul's Cathedral
+    Commemorates his death and services,
+  His grateful countrymen, to perpetuate past and
+    incite to future exertions,
+  Have raised this column, under the auspices of
+    his Majesty, King George the Fourth,
+    To the memory of a hero and a Welshman.
+  The plan and design of this Monument was given
+    by our countryman, John Nash, Esq. F.R.S.
+    Architect to the King.
+    The ornaments were executed by
+    E.H. Bailey, Esq. R.A.
+  And the whole was erected by Mr. Daniel
+    Mainwaring, of the town of Carmarthen,
+    In the year 1826 and 1827.
+
+On the north side is the translation of the above in Welsh; and on the
+top of the pedestal, on each side of the square, are trophies. The top
+of the column is also square, and on each side are imitative cannons.
+The statue of the hero surmounts the whole. He is wrapped in a cloak,
+and is supported by a baluster, round which are emblems of spears.
+
+W.H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+THE SKETCH BOOK
+
+
+AN HOUR TOO MANY.
+
+
+Hail, land of the kangaroo!--paradise of the bushranger!--purgatory of
+England!--happy scene, where the sheep-stealer is metamorphosed into the
+shepherd; the highwayman is the guardian of the road; the dandy is
+delicate no more, and earns his daily bread; and the Court of Chancery
+is unknown--hail to thee, soil of larceny and love! of pickpockets and
+principle! of every fraud under heaven, and primeval virtue! daughter of
+jails, and mother of empires!--hail to thee, New South Wales! In all my
+years--and I am now no boy--and in all my travels--and I am now at the
+antipodes--I have never heard any maxim so often as, that time is short;
+yet no maxim that ever dropt from human lips is further from the truth.
+I appeal to the experience of mankind--to the three hundred heirs of the
+British peerage, whom their gouty fathers keep out of their honours and
+estates--to the six hundred and sixty-eight candidates for seats in
+parliament, which they must wait for till the present sitters die; or
+turn rebellious to their noble patrons, or their borough patrons, or
+their Jew patrons; or plunge into joint-stock ruin, and expatriate
+themselves, for the astonishment of all other countries, and the benefit
+of their own;--to the six thousand five hundred heroes of the half-pay,
+longing for tardy war;--to the hundred thousand promissory excisemen
+lying on the soul of the chancellor of the ex-chequer, and pining for
+the mortality of every gauger from the Lizard to the Orkneys;--and, to
+club the whole discomfort into one, to the entire race of the fine and
+superfine, who breathe the vital air, from five thousand a year to
+twenty times the rental, the unhappy population of the realms of
+indolence included in Bond Street, St. James's, and the squares.
+
+For my own part, in all my experience of European deficiencies, I have
+never found any deficiency of time. Money went like the wind; champagne
+grew scanty; the trust of tailors ran down to the dregs; the smiles of
+my fair flirts grew rare as diamonds--every thing became as dry, dull,
+and stagnant as the Serpentine in summer; but time never failed me. I
+had a perpetual abundance of a commodity which the philosophers told me
+was beyond price. I had not merely enough for myself, but enough to give
+to others; until I discovered the fact, that it was as little a
+favourite with others as myself, and that, whatever the plausible might
+say, there was nothing on earth for which they would not be more obliged
+to me than a donation of my superfluous time. But now let me give a
+sketch of my story. A single fact is worth a hundred reflections. The
+first consciousness that I remember, was that of having a superabundance
+of time; and my first ingenuity was demanded for getting rid of the
+encumbrance. I had always an hour that perplexed my skill to know what
+to do with this treasure. A schoolboy turn for long excursions in any
+direction but that of my pedagogue, indicative of a future general
+officer; a naturalist-taste for bird-nesting, which, in maturer years,
+would have made me one of the wonders of the Linnaean Society; a passion
+for investigating the inside of every thing, from a Catherine-wheel to a
+China-closet, which would yet have entitled me to the honours of an
+F.R.S.; and an original vigour in the plunder of orchards, which
+undoubtedly might have laid the foundation of a first lord of the
+treasury; were nature's helps to get rid of this oppressive bounty. But
+though I fought the enemy with perpetual vigour and perpetual variety,
+he was not to be put to flight by a stripling; and I went to the
+university as far from being a conqueror as ever. At Oxford I found the
+superabundance of this great gift acknowledged with an openness worthy
+of English candour, and combated with the dexterity of an experience
+five hundred years old. Port-drinking, flirtation, lounging, the
+invention of new ties to cravats, and new tricks on proctors; billiards,
+boxing, and barmaids; seventeen ways of mulling sherry, and as many
+dozen ways of raising "the supplies," were adopted with an adroitness
+that must have baffled all but the invincible. Yet Time was master at
+last; and he always indulged me with a liberality that would have driven
+a less resolute spirit to the bottom of the Isis.
+
+At length I gave way; left the university with my blessing and my debts;
+and rushed up to London, as the grand _place d'armes_, the central spot
+from which the enemy was excluded by the united strength, wit, and
+wisdom of a million and a half of men. I might as well have staid
+bird-nesting in Berkshire. I found the happiest contrivances against the
+universal invader fail. Pigeon-matches; public dinners; coffee-houses;
+bluestocking _reunions_; private morning quadrille practice, with public
+evening exhibitions of their fruits; dilettanti breakfasts, with a
+bronze Hercules standing among the bread and butter, or a reposing cast
+of Venus, fresh from Pompeii, as black and nude as a negress disporting
+on the banks of the Senegal, but dear and delicate to the eyes of taste;
+Sunday mornings at Tattersal's, jockeying till the churches let out
+their population, and the time for visits was come; and Sunday evening
+routs at _the_ duchess's, with a cotillon by the _vraies danseuses_ of
+the opera, followed by a concert, a round game, and a _select_ supper
+for the initiated;--the whole failed. I had always an hour too
+much--sixty mortal minutes, and every one of them an hour in itself,
+that I could never squeeze down.
+
+  "Ye gods, annihilate both space and time,
+  And make two lovers happy,"
+
+may have been called a not over-modest request; but I can vouch for at
+least one half of it being the daily prayer of some thousands of the
+best-dressed people that the sun ever summoned to a day of twenty-four
+hours long. On feeling the symptoms of this horary visitation, I
+regularly rushed into the streets, on the principle that some
+alleviation of misery is always to be found in fellow-suffering. This
+maxim I invariably found false, like every other piece of the boasted
+wisdom of mankind. I found the suffering infinitely increased by the
+association with my fellow-fashionables. A man might as well have fled
+from his chamber to enjoy comfort in the wards of an hospital. In one of
+my marches up and down the _pave_ of St. James's Street, that treadmill
+of gentlemen convicted in the penalty of having nothing to do, I lounged
+into the little hotel of the Guards, that stands beside the great hotel
+of the gamblers, like a babe under its mamma's wing--the likeness
+admirable, though the scale diminutive. That "hour too many," cost me
+three games of billiards, my bachelor's house, and one thousand pounds.
+This price of sixty minutes startled me a little; and, for a week, I
+meditated with some seriousness on the superior gaiety of a life spent
+in paving the streets, driving a wagon, or answering the knocker of a
+door. But the "hour" again overflowed me. I was walking it off in Regent
+Street, when an old fellow-victim met me, and prescribed a trot to
+Newmarket. The prescription was taken, and the hour was certainly got
+rid of. But the remedy was costly; for my betting-book left me minus ten
+thousand pounds. I returned to town like a patient from a
+watering-place; relieved of every thing but the disease that took me
+there. My last shilling remained among the noble blacklegs; but nothing
+could rob me of a fragment of my superfluous time, and I brought even a
+tenfold allowance of it back. But every disease has a crisis; and when a
+lounge through the streets became at once useless and inconvenient--when
+the novelty of being cut by all my noble friends, and of being seduously
+followed by that generation who, unlike the fickle world, reserve their
+tipstaff attentions for the day of adversity, had lost its zest, and I
+was thinking whether time was to be better fought off by a plunge to the
+bottom of the Thames, or by the muzzle of one of Manton's hair-
+triggers--I was saved by a plunge into the King's Bench. There life was
+new, friendship was undisguised, my coat was not an object of scorn, my
+exploits were fashion, my duns were inadmissible, and my very captors
+were turned into my humble servants. There, too, my nature, always
+social, had its full indulgence; for there I found, rather to my
+surprise, nine-tenths of my most accomplished acquaintance. But the
+enemy still made his way; and I had learned to yawn, in spite of
+billiards and ball-playing, when _the_ Act let me loose into the great
+world again. Good-luck, too, had prepared a surprise for my _debut_. I
+had scarcely exhibited myself in the streets, when I discovered that
+every man of my _set_ was grown utterly blind whenever I happened to
+walk on the same side of the way, and that I might as well have been
+buried a century. I was absurd enough to be indignant; for nothing can
+be more childish than any delicacy when a man cannot bet on the rubber.
+But one morning a knock came to my attic-door which startled me by its
+professional vigour. An attorney entered. I had now nothing to fear, for
+the man whom no one will trust cannot well be in debt; and for once I
+faced an attorney without a palpitation. His intelligence was
+flattering. An old uncle of mine, who had worn out all that was human
+about him in amassing fifty thousand pounds, and finally died of
+starving himself, had expired with the pen in his hand, in the very act
+of leaving his thousands to pay the national debt. But fate, propitious
+to me, had dried up his ink-bottle; the expense of replenishing it would
+have broken his heart of itself; and the attorney's announcement to me
+was, that the will, after blinding the solicitor to the treasury and
+three of his clerks, was pronounced to be altogether illegible.
+
+The fact that I was the nearest of kin got into the newspapers; and in
+my first drive down St. James's, I had the pleasure of discovering that
+I had cured a vast number of my friends of their calamitous defect of
+vision. But if the "post equitem sedet atra cura" was the maxim in the
+days of Augustus, the man who drives the slower cabriolet in the days of
+George the Fourth, cannot expect to escape. The "hour too many" overtook
+me in the first week. On one memorable evening I saw it coming, just as
+I turned the corner of Piccadilly; fair flight was hopeless, and I took
+refuge in that snug asylum on the right hand of St. James's Street,
+which has since expanded into a palace. I stoutly battled the foe, for I
+"took no note of time" during the next day and night; and when at last I
+walked forth into the air, I found that I had relieved myself of the
+burden of three-fourths of my reversion. A weak mind on such an occasion
+would have cursed the cards, and talked of taking care of the fragment
+of his property; but mine was of the higher order, and I determined on
+revenge. I had my revenge, and saw my winners ruined. They had their
+consolation, and at the close of a six months' campaign saw me walk into
+the streets a beggar. I grew desperate, and was voted dangerous. I
+realized the charge by fastening on a noble lord who had been one of the
+most adroit in pigeoning me. His life was "too valuable to his country,"
+or himself, to allow him to meet a fellow whose life was of no use to
+any living thing; and through patriotism and the fear of being shot, he
+kept out of my way. I raged, threatened to post his lordship, and was in
+the very act of writing out the form of the placard declaring the noble
+heir of the noble house of ---- a cheat and a scoundrel, when by the
+twopenny-post I received a notice from the Horse Guards that I was on
+that day to appear in the Gazette as an ensign in his majesty's ----
+regiment, then serving in the Peninsula, with orders to join without
+delay. This was enough from his lordship, and was certainly better for
+me than running the chance of damages in the King's Bench, for provoking
+his majesty's subjects to a breach of the peace.
+
+I was gazetted, tried on my uniform before the mirror, entirely approved
+of my appearance, and wrote my last letter to my last flirt. The
+Portsmouth mail was to start at eight. I had an hour to spare, and
+sallied into the street. I met an honest-faced old acquaintance as much
+at a loss as myself to slay the hour. We were driven by a shower into
+shelter. The rattle of dice was heard within a green-baize-covered door.
+We could not stay for ever shivering on the outside. Fortune favoured
+me; in half an hour I was master of a thousand pounds; it would have
+been obvious folly and ingratitude to check the torrent of success for
+the paltry prospects of an ensigncy. I played on, and won on. The clock
+struck eight. I will own that I trembled as the first sound caught my
+ear. But whether nervous or not, from that instant the torrent was
+checked. The loss and gain became alternate. Wine was brought in; I
+played in furious scorn of consequences. I saw the board covered with
+gold. I swept it into my stake; I soon saw my stake reduced to nothing.
+My eyes were dazzled, my hand shook, my brain was on fire, I sang,
+danced, roared with exultation or despair. How the night closed, I know
+not; but I found myself at last in a narrow room, surrounded with
+squalidness, its only light from a high-barred window, and its only
+furniture the wooden tressel on which I lay, fierce, weary, and
+feverish, as if I lay on the rack. From this couch of the desperate, I
+was carried into the presence of a magistrate, to hear that in the
+_melee_ of the night before, I had in my rage charged my honest-faced
+acquaintance with palpable cheating; and having made good my charge by
+shewing the loaded dice in his hand, had knocked him down with a
+violence that made his recovery more than doubtful. He had seen my name
+in the Gazette, and had watched me for the express purpose of final
+plunder. The wretch died. I was brought to trial, found guilty of
+manslaughter, and sentenced to seven years' expatriation. Fortunate
+sentence! On my arrival in New South Wales, as I was found a perfect
+gentleman, and fit for nothing, there was no resource but to make me try
+the labour of my hands. Fortunate labour! From six at morning till six
+at night, I had the spade or the plough in my hands. I dragged carts, I
+delved rocks, I hewed trees; I had not a moment to spare. The appetite
+that once grew languid over venison, now felt the exquisite delight of
+junk beef. The thirst that scorned champagne was now enraptured with
+spring water. The sleep that had left me many a night tossing
+within-side the curtains of a hundred-and-fifty-guinea Parisian bed, now
+came on the roughest piece of turf, and made the planks of my cabin
+softer than down. I can now run as fast as one of my Newmarket stud,
+pull down a buffalo, and catch a kangaroo by the tail in fair field.
+Health, vigour, appetite, and activity, are my superabundance now. I
+have every thing but time. My banishment expires to-morrow; but I shall
+never recross the sea. This is my country. Since I set my foot upon its
+shore I have never had a moment to yawn. In this land of real and
+substantial life, the spectre that haunted my joyless days dares not be
+seen--the "hour too many" is no more.
+
+_The Forget-Me-Not_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+MANNERS & CUSTOMS OF ALL NATIONS.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+SELLING MEAT AMONG THE ANCIENT ROMANS, &c.
+
+
+It was the custom for the buyer to shut his eyes, and the seller to hold
+up some of his fingers; if the buyer guessed aright, how many it was the
+other held up, he was to fix the price; if he mistook, the seller was to
+fix it. These classic _blind-bargains_ would not suit the
+Londonbutchers. This custom was abolished by Apronius, the prefect of
+Rome; who in lieu thereof, introduced the method of selling by weight.
+Among the ancient Romans there were three kinds of established butchers,
+viz. two colleges or companies, composed each of a certain number of
+citizens, whose office was to furnish the city with the necessary
+cattle, and to take care of preparing and vending their flesh. One of
+these communities was at first confined to the providing of hogs, whence
+they were called _suarii_; and the other two were charged with cattle,
+especially oxen, whence they were called _pecuarii_, or _boarii_. Under
+each of these was a subordinate class, whose office was to kill,
+prepare, &c. called _lanii_, and sometimes _carnifices_.
+
+Two English poets (Swift and Gay) have been rather severe towards the
+London butchers, the former says,--
+
+  "Hence he learnt the _Butcher's_ guile,
+  How to cut your throat, and smile;
+  Like a _butcher_ doom'd for life,
+  In his mouth to wear his knife."
+
+The latter,--
+
+  ----"resign the way,
+  To shun the surly _butcher's_ greasy tray:
+  _Butchers_, whose hands are died with blood's foul stain,
+  And always foremost in the hangman's train."
+
+The butchers' company was not incorporated until the 3rd year of King
+James I. when they were made a _Corporation_, by the name of master,
+wardens and commonalty of the art and mystery of butchers; yet the
+fraternity is ancient.
+
+Stowe says, "In the 3rd of Richard II. motion was made that no butcher
+should kill any flesh within London, but at Knightsbridge, or such like
+distant place from the walls of the citie."
+
+P.T.W.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+STUMBLING AT THE THRESHOLD.
+
+
+The phrase, "to stumble at the threshold," originated in the
+circumstance, that the old thresholds, or steps under the door, were
+like the hearths, raised a little, so that a person might stumble over
+them, unless proper care were taken. A very whimsical reason for this
+practice is given in a curious little tract by Sir Balthazar Gerbier,
+entitled, "Council and Advice to all Builders," 1663, in these
+words:--"A good surveyor shuns also the ordering of doores with
+stumbling thresholds, though our forefathers affected them, perchance to
+perpetuate the antient custome of bridegroomes, when formerly at their
+return from church they did use to lift up their bride, and to knock her
+head against that of the doore, for a remembrance that she was not to
+pass the threshold of her house without leave."
+
+W.G.C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CHINESE PHYSICIANS.
+
+
+The charitable dispensation of medicines by the Chinese, is well
+deserving notice. They have a stone which is ten cubits high, erected in
+the public squares of their cities; whereon is engraved the name of all
+sorts of medicines, with the price of each, and when the poor stand in
+need of relief from physic, they go to the treasury to receive the price
+each medicine is rated at.
+
+The physicians of China have only to feel the arm of their patient in
+three places, and to observe the rate of the pulse, to form an opinion
+on the cause, nature, danger, and duration of the malady. Without the
+patient speaking at all, they can tell infallibly what part is attacked
+with disease, whether the brain, the heart, the liver, the lungs, the
+intestines, the stomach, the flesh, the bones, and so on. As they are
+both physicians and apothecaries, and prepare their own medicines, they
+are paid only when they effect a cure. If the same rule were introduced
+with us, I fear we should have fewer physicians.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+THE TOPOGRAPHER
+
+
+BOX HILL.
+
+(_For the Mirror_.)
+
+
+This celebrated eminence is situated in the north range of chalk hills,
+beginning near Farnham, in Surrey, and extending from thence to
+Folkstone, in Kent. Camden calls it _White Hill_, from its chalky soil;
+but Box Hill is its true and ancient name. The box-tree is, in all
+probability, the natural produce of the soil; but a generally received
+story is, that the box was planted there by Thomas, Earl of Arundel,
+between two and three centuries ago. There is, however, authentic
+evidence of its being here long before his time, for Henry de Buxeto
+(i.e. Henry of Box Hill) and Adam de Buxeto were witnesses to deeds in
+the reign of King John.
+
+John Evelyn, who wrote about the middle of the seventeenth century,
+says, "Box-trees rise naturally at Kent in Bexley; and in Surrey, giving
+name to Box Hill. He that in winter should behold some of our highest
+hills in Surrey, clad with whole woods of them, might easily fancy
+himself transported into some new or enchanted country."
+
+In Aubrey's posthumous work on Surrey, published in 1718, the northern
+part of the hill is described as thickly covered with yew-trees, and the
+southern part with "thick boscages of box-trees," which "yielded a
+convenient privacy for lovers, who frequently meet here, so that it is
+an English Daphne." He also tells us that the gentry often resorted here
+from Ebbesham (_Epsom_), then in high fashion. Philip Luckombe, in his
+"England's Gazetteer," says, on Box Hill "there is a large warren, but
+no houses; only arbours cut out in the box-wood on the top of the hill,
+where are sold refreshments of all sorts, for the ladies and gentlemen
+who come hither to divert themselves in its labyrinths; for which reason
+a certain author has thought fit to call it the Palace of Venus, and the
+Temple of Nature; there being an enchanting prospect from it of a fine
+country, which is scarce to be equalled for affording so surprising and
+magnificent an idea both of earth and sky."
+
+But these delightful retreats, like Arcadia of old, have long since
+vanished. The _yews_ were cut down in the year 1780; and their
+successors fall very short of the luxuriant descriptions of old
+topographers. The _box_ has also at various times produced the
+proprietors of the estate great profit. In 1608, the receipt for
+box-trees cut down upon the sheepwalk on the hill was 50_l_.; in an
+account taken in 1712, it is supposed that as much had been cut down,
+within a few years before, as amounted to 3,000_l_.; and in 1759, a Mr.
+Miller lamented that "the trees on Box Hill had been pretty much
+destroyed; though many remained of considerable bigness."
+
+An immense quantity of box is annually consumed in this country, in the
+revived art of engraving on wood. The English is esteemed inferior to
+that which comes from the Levant; and the American box is said to be
+preferable to ours. But the ships from the Levant brought such
+quantities of it in ballast, that the wood on Box Hill could not find a
+purchaser, and not having been cut for sixty-five years, was growing
+cankered. The war diminished the influx from the Mediterranean; several
+purchasers offered; and in 1795 it was put up to auction at 12,000_l_.
+The depredations made on Box Hill, in consequence of this sale, did not
+injure its picturesque beauty, as twelve years were allowed for cutting,
+which gave each portion a reasonable time to renew. In 1802, forty tons
+were cut, but the market being overstocked, it fell in value more than
+fifty per cent.; and the foreign wood is now universally preferred for
+engravings. The trees on Box Hill are, however, again flourishing,
+although their value is rather problematical.
+
+For the information of the home tourist, perhaps, I ought to mention
+that Box Hill stands about 22 miles on the left of the road from London
+to Worthing, Brighton, and Bognor, and about 2 miles N.E. of the town of
+Dorking. The road from Leatherhead hence is a constant succession of
+hill and dale, richly clothed with wood, interspersed with elegant
+villas in all tastes--from the pillared and plastered mansion, to the
+borrowed charm of the _cottage orne_. The whole of this district is
+called the Vale of _Norbury_, from the romantic domain of that name,
+which extends over a great portion of the hills on the right of the
+road. Shortly before you reach Box Hill, stands _Mickleham_, a little
+village with an ivy-mantled church, rich in Saxon architecture and other
+antiquities. You then descend into a valley, passing some delightful
+meadow scenery, and the showy mansion of Sir Lucas Pepys, which rises
+from a flourishing plantation on the left. In the valley stands Juniper
+Hall, late the seat of Mr. Thomas Broadwood, the piano-forte
+manufacturer. In the park are some of the finest cedars in England. On
+again ascending, you catch a fine view of Box Hill, and the
+amphitheatrical range of opposite hills, with one of the most
+magnificent _parterres_ in nature. This is called, by old writers, the
+_Garden of Surrey_.
+
+You pass some flint-built cottages, and quitting the road here, the
+ascent to Box Hill is gradual and untiring, across a field of little
+slopes, studded with a few yew-trees, relics of by-gone days. The ascent
+further down the road almost amounts to a feat, assisted by the
+foot-worn paces in the chalky steep. Here this portion of the hill
+resembles an immense wall of _viretum_, down whose side has been poured
+liquid mortar. The path winds along the verge of the hill, whilst on the
+left is a valley or little ravine, whose sides are clothed with thick
+dwarfish box, intermingled with the wild and trackless luxuriance of
+forest scenery. Hence the road stretches away to Ashurst, the neat
+residence of Mr. Strahan, the King's printer.
+
+Returning to the verge of the hill, you soon reach the _apex_, or
+highest point, being 445 feet from the level of the Mole.[1] Here you
+enjoy what the French call a _coup d'oeil_, or I would rather say, _a
+bird's-eye view_, of unparalleled beauty. Taking the town of Dorking for
+a resting point, the long belt is about twelve miles in extent. The
+outline or boundary commences from the eminence on which I am supposed
+to be standing--with Brockham Hill, whose steep was planted by the late
+duke of Norfolk, and whence the chain extends away towards the great
+Brighton road. Next in the curve are Betchworth Castle and Park, with
+majestic avenues of limes and elms, and fine old chestnut-trees.
+Adjoining, is the Deepdene, the classical seat of the author of
+"Anastasius," a place, says Salmon, "well calculated for the religious
+rites of the Celts," and consecrated by the philosophical pursuits of
+the Hon. Charles Howard, who built an oratory and laboratory, and died
+here in 1714. Next are several fir-crowned ridges, which shelter Bury
+Hill, the mansion of Mr. Barclay, the opulent brewer; whence you ascend
+the opposite line of hills, till you reach Denbies, nearly facing the
+most prominent point of Box Hill. This elegant seat is the abode of Mr.
+Denison, one of the county members, and brother of the Marchioness of
+Conyngham. The second range or ledge, beneath Denbies, is the celebrated
+Dorking lime-works. The transition to the Norbury Hills, already
+mentioned, is now very short, which completes the outline of the view.
+It should, however, be remarked that the scenery within this range can
+be distinctly enjoyed without the aid of art; whilst beyond it the
+prospect extends, and fades away in the South Downs on one hand, and
+beyond the metropolis on the other.
+
+The little _parterre_ to be described, includes the sheltered town of
+Dorking, environed with rich lawny slopes, variegated with villas in the
+last taste; and little heights, from whose clustering foliage peeps the
+cottage roof of humble life. But the Paradise immediately at the foot of
+Box Hill is the gem of the whole scene, and is one of the most perfect
+pictures of rural beauty which pen or pencil can attempt. It appears
+like an assemblage of every rural charm in a few acres, in whose
+disposal nature has done much, and art but little. Park, lawn, woody
+walk, slope, wilderness and dell are among its varieties; and its quiet
+is only broken by the sluggish stream of the Mole. Adjoining is a little
+inn, more like one of the picturesque _auberges_ of the continent than
+an English house of cheer. The grounds are ornamented with rustic
+alcoves, boscages, and a bowery walk, all in good taste. Here hundreds
+of tourists pass a portion of "the season," as in a "loop-hole of
+retreat." In the front of the inn, however, the stream of life glides
+fast; and a little past it, the road crosses the Mole by Burford Bridge,
+and winds with geometrical accuracy through the whole of this hasty
+sketch.
+
+PHILO.
+
+    [1] Here is a stump of wood which denotes the grave of Major
+    Labelliere, a deranged officer of the Marines, who, by his own
+    request was buried on this spot, with his head downwards; it
+    being a constant assertion with him, "that the world was turned
+    topsy-turvy, and, therefore, at the end he should be right."
+
+    From this point may be seen _Leith Hill_, with an old prospect
+    tower, within which are interred the remains of another
+    eccentric gentleman who died in the neighbourhood. In the road
+    from Dorking thence is _Wotton_, the family seat of the Evelyns.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+NOTES OF A READER
+
+
+THE UNIVERSAL PRAYER AND OTHER POEMS.
+
+
+We usually leave criticism to the _grey-beards_, or such as have passed
+the _viginti annorum lucubrationes_ of reviewing. It kindles so many
+little heart-burnings and jealousies, that we rejoice it is not part of
+our duty. To be sure, we sometimes take up a book in real earnest, read
+it through, and have _our say_ upon its merits; but this is only a
+gratuitous and occasional freak, just to keep up our oracular
+consequence. In the present case, we do not feel disposed to exercise
+this privilege, further than in a very few words--merely to say that Mr.
+Robert Montgomery has published a volume of Poems under the above
+title--that the poems are of unequal merit, and that like Virgil, his
+excellence lies in describing scenes of darkness.
+
+The "Universal Prayer" is a devotional outpouring of a truly poetical
+soul, with as much new imagery as the subject would admit; and if
+_scriptural_ poems be estimated in the ratio of _scriptural_ sermons,
+the merit of the former is of the first order.[2]
+
+From the other poems we have detached the following beautiful
+specimens:--
+
+CONSUMPTION.
+
+  With step as noiseless as the summer air,
+  Who comes in beautiful decay?--her eyes
+  Dissolving with a feverish glow of light,
+  Her nostrils delicately closed, and on
+  Her cheek a rosy tint, as if the tip
+  Of Beauty's finger faintly press'd it there,--
+  Alas! Consumption is her name.
+  Thou loved and loving one!
+  From the dark languish of thy liquid eye,
+  So exquisitely rounded, darts a ray
+  Of truth, prophetic of thine early doom;
+  And on thy placid cheek there is a print
+  Of death,--the beauty of consumption there.
+  Few note that fatal bloom; for bless'd by all,
+  Thou movest through thy noiseless sphere, the life,
+  Of one,--the darling of a thousand hearts.
+  Yet in the chamber, o'er some graceful task
+  When delicately bending, oft unseen,
+  Thy mother marks then with that musing glance
+  That looks through cunning time, and sees thee stretch'd
+  A shade of being, shrouded for the tomb.
+  The Day is come, led gently on by Death;
+  With pillow'd head all gracefully reclined,
+  And grape-like curls in languid clusters wreath'd,
+  Within a cottage room she sits to die;
+  Where from the window, in a western view,
+  Majestic ocean rolls.--A summer eve
+  Shines o'er the earth, and all the glowing air
+  Stirs faintly, like a pulse; against the shore
+  The waves unrol them with luxurious joy,
+  While o'er the midway deep she looks, where like
+  A sea god glares the everlasting Sun
+  O'er troops of billows marching in his beam!--
+  From earth to heaven, from heaven to earth, her eyes
+  Are lifted, bright with wonder and with awe,
+  Till through each vein reanimation rolls!
+  'Tis past; and now her filmy glance is fix'd
+  Upon the heavens, as though her spirit gazed
+  On that immortal world, to which 'tis bound:
+  The sun hath sunk.--her soul hath fled without
+  A pang, and left her lovely in her death,
+  And beautiful as an embodied dream.
+
+MORTALITY.
+
+  All that we love and feel on Nature's face,
+  Bear dim relations to our common doom.
+  The clouds that blush, and die a beamy death,
+  Or weep themselves away in rain,--the streams
+  That flow along in dying music,--leaves
+  That fade, and drop into the frosty arms
+  Of Winter, there to mingle with dead flowers,--
+  Are all prophetic of our own decay.
+
+BEAUTY
+
+  How oft, as unregarded on a throng
+  Of lovely creatures, in whose liquid eyes
+  The heart-warm feelings bathe, I've look'd
+  With all a Poet's passion, and have wish'd
+  That years might never pluck their graceful smiles--
+  How often Death, as with a viewless wand,
+  Has touch'd the scene, and witch'd it to a tomb!
+  Where Beauty dwindled to a ghastly wreck,
+  And spirits of the Future seem'd to cry,--
+  Thus will it be when Time has wreak'd revenge.
+
+MELANCHOLY.
+
+  When mantled with the melancholy glow
+  Of eve, she wander'd oft: and when the wind,
+  Like a stray infant down autumnal dales
+  Roam'd wailingly, she loved to mourn and muse:
+  To commune with the lonely orphan flowers,
+  And through sweet Nature's ruin trace her own.
+
+VISION OF HEAVEN.
+
+  An empyrean infinitely vast
+  And irridescent, roof'd with rainbows, whose
+  Transparent gleams like water-shadows shone,
+  Before me lay: Beneath this dazzling vault--
+  I felt, but cannot paint the splendour there!
+  Glory, beyond the wonder of the heart
+  To dream, around interminably blazed.
+  A spread of fields more beautiful than skies
+  Flush'd with the flowery radiance of the west;
+  Valleys in greenest glory, deck'd with trees
+  That trembled music to the ambrosial airs
+  That chanted round them,--vein'd with glossy streams,
+  That gush'd, like feelings from a raptured soul:
+  Such was the scenery;--with garden walks,
+  Delight of angels and the blest, where flowers
+  Perennial bloom, and leaping fountains breathe,
+  Like melted gems, a gleaming mist around!
+  Here fruits for ever ripe, on radiant boughs,
+  Droop temptingly; here all that eye and heart
+  Enrapts, in pure perfection is enjoy'd;
+  And here o'er flowing paths with agate paved,
+  Immortal Shapes meander and commune.
+  While with permissive gaze I glanced the scene,
+  A whelming tide of rich-toned music roll'd,
+  Waking delicious echoes, as it wound
+  From Melody's divinest fount! All heaven
+  Glow'd bright, as, like a viewless river, swell'd
+  The deepening music!--Silence came again!
+  And where I gazed, a shrine of cloudy fire
+  Flamed redly awful; round it Thunder walk'd,
+  And from it Lightning look'd out most sublime!
+  Here throned in unimaginable bliss
+  And glory, sits The One Eternal Power,
+  Creator, Lord, and Life of All: Again,
+  Stillness ethereal reign'd, and forth appear'd
+  Elysian creatures robed in fleecy light,
+  Together flocking from celestial haunts,
+  And mansions of purpureal mould; the Host
+  Of heaven assembled to adore with harp
+  And hymn, the First and Last, the Living God;
+  They knelt,--a universal choir, and glow'd
+  More beauteous while they breathed the chant divine,
+  And Hallelujah! Hallelujah! peal'd,
+  And thrill'd the concave with harmonious joy.
+
+VISION OF HELL.
+
+  Apart, upon a throne of living fire
+  The Fiend was seated; in his eye there shone
+  The look that dared Omnipotence; the light
+  Of sateless vengeance, and sublime despair.--
+  He sat amid a burning world, and saw
+  Tormented myriads, whose blaspheming shrieks
+  Were mingled with the howl of hidden floods,
+  And Acherontine groans; of all the host,
+  The only dauntless he. As o'er the wild
+  He glanced, the pride of agony endured
+  Awoke, and writhed through all his giant frame,
+  That redden'd, and dilated, like a sun!
+  Till moved by some remember'd bliss, or joy
+  Of paradisal hours, or to supply
+  The cravings of infernal wrath,--he bade
+  The roar of Hell be hush'd,--and silence was!
+  He called the cursed,--and they flash'd from cave
+  And wild--from dungeon and from den they came,
+  And stood an unimaginable mass
+  Of spirits, agonized with burning pangs:
+  In silence stood they, while the Demon gazed
+  On all, and communed with departed Time,
+  From whence his vengeance such a harvest reap'd.
+
+BEAUTIFUL INFLUENCES.
+
+  Who hath not felt the magic of a voice,--
+  Its spirit haunt him in romantic hours?
+  Who hath not heard from Melody's own lips
+  Sounds that become a music to his mind?--
+  Music is heaven! and in the festive dome,
+  When throbs the lyre, as if instinct with life,
+  And some sweet mouth is full of song,--how soon
+  A rapture flows from eye to eye, from heart
+  To heart--while floating from the past, the forms
+  We love are recreated, and the smile
+  That lights the cheek is mirror'd on the heart!
+  So beautiful the influence of sound,
+  There is a sweetness in the homely chime
+  Of village bells: I love to hear them roll
+  Upon the breeze; like voices from the dead,
+  They seem to hail us from a viewless world.
+
+    [2] We know a reverend vicar who once took the trouble to count
+    all the quotations from Scripture, which occurred in a charity
+    sermon he had just printed: and his great satisfaction at the
+    conclusion was, that his was indeed "a scriptural sermon."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PERSECUTION OF THE JEWS.
+
+
+We know it to be a fact, that a Jew, an artist of reputation, who had
+conceived a great confidence in a Christian engaged in the promotion of
+the conversion of the Israelites, revealed to him, that both he and his
+brother had been Christians from their childhood from having been bred
+up amongst Christians, but were too indignant at the treatment which
+they and their brethren met with at Christian hands, to profess
+Christianity; and he earnestly pleaded, as essential to their being
+induced to receive the gospel, that those who participate in the attempt
+should approach them with a language of decided affection for
+Israel.--_Q. Rev._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ABSENTEES
+
+
+Soon become detached from all habitual employments and duties; the
+salutary feeling of home is lost; early friendships are dissevered, and
+life becomes a vague and restless state, freed, it may seem, from many
+ties, but yet more destitute of the better and purer pleasures of
+existence.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ITINERANT OPERAS.
+
+
+The first performance of the _opera seria_ at Rome, in 1606, consisted
+of scenes in recitative and airs, exhibited in a _cart_ during the
+carnival.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE GAMUT.
+
+
+Guido D'Arezzo, a monk of the 13th century, in the solitude of his
+convent, made the grand discovery of counterpoint, or the science of
+harmony, as distinguished from melody; he also invented the present
+system of notation, and gave those names to the sounds of the diatonic
+scale still in use:--_ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si_; these being the
+first syllables of the first six lines of a hymn to St. John the
+Baptist, written in monkish Latin; and they seem to have been adopted
+without any special reason, from the caprice of the musician.--_Foreign
+Rev._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+It is said that the first church was erected at Glastonbury; and this
+tradition may seem to deserve credit, because it was not contradicted in
+those ages when other churches would have found it profitable to advance
+a similar pretension. The building is described as a rude structure of
+wicker-work, like the dwellings of the people in those days, and
+differing from them only in its dimensions, which were threescore feet
+in length, and twenty-six in breadth. An abbey was afterwards erected
+there, one of the finest of those edifices, and one of the most
+remarkable for the many interesting circumstances connected with it. The
+destruction of this beautiful and venerable fabric is one of the crimes
+by which our reformation was sullied.--_Southey_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+GHOST STORY, BY M.G. LEWIS.
+
+
+A gentleman journeying towards the house of a friend, who lived on the
+skirts of an extensive forest, in the east of Germany, lost his way. He
+wandered for some time among the trees, when he saw a light at a
+distance. On approaching it he was surprised to observe that it
+proceeded from the interior of a ruined monastery. Before he knocked at
+the gate he thought it proper to look through the window. He saw a
+number of cats assembled round a small grave, four of whom were at that
+moment letting down a coffin with a crown upon it. The gentleman
+startled at this unusual sight, and, imagining that he had arrived at
+the retreats of fiends or witches, mounted his horse and rode away with
+the utmost precipitation. He arrived at his friend's house at a late
+hour, who sat up waiting for him. On his arrival his friend questioned
+him as to the cause of the traces of agitation visible in his face. He
+began to recount his adventures after much hesitation, knowing that it
+was scarcely possible that his friend should give faith to his relation.
+No sooner had he mentioned the coffin with the crown upon it, than his
+friend's cat, who seemed to have been lying asleep before the fire,
+leaped up, crying out, "Then I am king of the cats;" and then scrambled
+up the chimney, and was never seen more.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+RIDICULOUS MISTAKE.
+
+
+A quantity of Worcestershire china being sent to the _Nawaab_ at
+Lucknow, in India, from England, he was as impatient to open it as a
+child would be with a new plaything; and immediately gave orders for
+invitations to be sent to the whole settlement for a breakfast, _a la
+fourchette_, next morning. Tables were accordingly spread for upwards of
+a hundred persons, including his ministers and officers of state.
+Nothing could be more splendid than the general appearance of this
+entertainment; but the dismay may be more easily imagined than
+described, on discovering that the servants had mistaken certain
+utensils for milk-bowls, and had actually placed about twenty of them,
+filled with that beverage, along the centre of the table. The
+consequence was, the English part of the company declined taking any;
+upon which the _Nawaab_ innocently remarked, "I thought that the English
+were fond of milk." Some of them had much difficulty to keep their
+countenances.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS
+
+
+ENGLISH COUNTRY LIFE.
+
+
+The country seats of England form, indeed, one of the most remarkable
+features, not only in English landscape, but yet more in what may be
+termed the genius and economy of English manners. Their great number
+throughout the country, the varied grandeur and beauty of their parks
+and gardens, the extent, magnificence, and various architecture of the
+houses, the luxurious comfort and completeness of their internal
+arrangements, and their relation generally to the character of the
+peasantry surrounding them, justify fully the expression we have used.
+No where has this mode of life attained so high a degree of perfection
+and refinement. We will allude to two circumstances, amongst many
+others, in illustration. The first of these is, the very great number of
+valuable libraries belonging to our family seats. It has been sometimes
+remarked as singular, that England should possess so few great public
+libraries, while a poorer country, like Germany, can boast of its
+numerous and vast collections at Vienna, Prague, Munich, Stutgard,
+Goettingen, Wolfenbuttel, &c. The fact is partly explained by the many
+political divisions and capitals, and by the number of universities in
+Germany. But a further explanation may be found in the innumerable
+private libraries dispersed throughout England--many of them equal to
+public ones in extent and value, and most of them well furnished in
+classics, and in English and French literature.
+
+The other peculiarity we would name about our English country-houses is,
+that they do not insulate their residents from the society and business
+of active life; which insulation is probably a cause, why so many
+proprietors in other countries pass their whole time in the metropolis
+or larger towns. The facility and speed of communication in England link
+together all places, however remote, and all interests, political and
+social, of the community. The country gentleman, sitting at his
+breakfast table a hundred miles from London, receives the newspapers
+printed there the night before; his books come to him still damp from
+the press; and the debates in parliament travel to every country-house
+in England within fifty or sixty hours of the time when they have taken
+place. The like facility exists as to provincial interests of every
+kind. The nobleman or country gentleman is a public functionary within
+his district, and no man residing on his estates is, or need feel
+himself, unimportant to the community. _Quarterly Rev._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FLOWERS.
+
+
+When summer's delightful season arrives, rarely in this country too warm
+to be enjoyed throughout the day in the open air, there is nothing more
+grateful than a profusion of choice flowers around and within our
+dwellings. The humblest apartments ornamented with these beautiful
+productions of nature have, in my view, a more delightful effect than
+the proudest saloons with gilded ceilings and hangings of Genoa velvet.
+The richness of the latter, indeed, would be heightened, and their
+elegance increased, by the judicious introduction of flowers and foliage
+into them. The odour of flowers, the cool appearance of the dark green
+leaves of some species, and the beautiful tints and varied forms of
+others, are singularly grateful to the sight, and refreshing at the same
+time. Vases of Etruscan mould, containing plants of the commonest kind,
+offer those lines of beauty which the eye delights in following; and
+variform leaves hanging festooned over them, and shading them if they be
+of a light colour, with a soft grateful hue, add much to their pleasing
+effect. These decorations are simple and cheap.
+
+Lord Bacon, whose magnificence of mind exempts him from every objection
+as a model for the rest of mankind, (in all but the unfortunate error to
+which, perhaps, his sordid pursuit in life led him, to the degradation
+of his nobler intellect), was enthusiastically attached to flowers, and
+kept a succession of them about him in his study and at his table. Now
+the union of books and flowers is more particularly agreeable. Nothing,
+in my view, is half so delightful as a library set off with these
+beautiful productions of the earth during summer, or indeed, any other
+season of the year. A library or study, opening on green turf, and
+having the view of a distant rugged country, with a peep at the ocean
+between hills, a small fertile space forming the nearest ground, and an
+easy chair and books, is just as much of local enjoyment as a thinking
+man can desire--I reck not if under a thatched or slated roof, to me it
+is the same thing. A favourite author on my table, in the midst of my
+bouquets, and I speedily forget how the rest of the world wags. I fancy
+I am enjoying nature and art together, a consummation of luxury that
+never palls upon the appetite--a dessert of uncloying sweets.
+
+Madame Roland seems to have felt very strongly the union of mental
+pleasure with that afforded to the senses by flowers. She somewhere
+says, "La vue d'une fleur carresse mon imagination et flatte mes sens a
+un point inexprimable; elle reveille avec volupte le sentiment de mon
+existence. Sous le tranquil abri du toit paternel, j'etois heureuse des
+enfance avec des fleurs et des livres; dans l'etroite enciente d'une
+prison, au milieu des fers imposes par la tyrannie la plus revoltante,
+j'oublie l'injustice des hommes, leurs sottises, et mes maux, avec des
+livres et des fleurs." These pleasures, however, are too simple to be
+universally felt.
+
+There is something delightful in the use which the eastern poets,
+particularly the Persian, make of flowers in their poetry. Their
+allusions are not casual, and in the way of metaphor and simile only;
+they seem really to hold them in high admiration. I am not aware that
+the flowers of Persia, except the rose, are more beautiful or more
+various than those of other countries. Perhaps England, including her
+gardens, green-houses, and fields, having introduced a vast variety from
+every climate, may exhibit a list unrivalled, as a whole, in odour and
+beauty. Yet flowers are not with us held in such high estimation as
+among the Orientals, if we are to judge from their poets.
+
+Bowers of roses and flowers are perpetually alluded to in the writings
+of eastern poets. The Turks, and indeed the Orientals in general, have
+few images of voluptuousness without the richest flowers contributing
+towards them. The noblest palaces, where gilding, damask, and fine
+carpeting abound, would be essentially wanting in luxury without
+flowers. It cannot be from their odour alone that they are thus
+identified with pleasure; it is from their union of exquisite hues,
+fragrance, and beautiful forms, that they raise a sentiment of
+voluptuousness, in the mind; for whatever unites these qualities can
+scarcely do otherwise.
+
+Whoever virtuously despises the opinion that simple and cheap pleasures,
+not only good, but in the very best taste, are of no value because they
+want a meretricious rarity, will fill their apartments with a succession
+of our better garden flowers. It has been said that flowers placed in
+bedrooms are not wholesome. This cannot be meant of such as are in a
+state of vegetation. Plucked and put into water, they quickly decay, and
+doubtless, give out a putrescent air; when alive and growing, there need
+not be any danger apprehended from them, provided fresh air is
+frequently introduced. For spacious rooms, the better kinds, during warm
+weather, are those which have a large leaf and bossy flower. Large
+leaves have a very agreeable effect on the senses; their rich green is
+grateful to the sight; of this kind, the Hydrangaea is remarkably well
+adapted for apartments, but it requires plenty of water. Those who have
+a greenhouse connected with their dwellings, have the convenience, by
+management, of changing their plants as the flowers decay; those who
+have not, and yet have space to afford them light and occasionally air,
+may rear most of those kinds under their own roof, which may be applied
+for ornament in summer. Vases of plaster, modelled from the antique, may
+be stained any colour most agreeable to the fancy, and fitted with tin
+cases to contain the earthen pots of flowers, to prevent the damp from
+acting on them, will look exceedingly well.
+
+The infinite variety of roses, including the Guelder Rose; the
+Rhododendron, and other plants of similar growth, are fitted for the
+saloon, but they please best in the library. They should be intermingled
+with the bookcases, and stands filled with them should be placed
+wherever practicable. They are a wonderful relief to the student. There
+is always about them a something that infuses a sensation of placid joy,
+cheering and refreshing. Perhaps they were first introduced at
+festivals, in consequence of their possessing this quality. A flower
+garden is the scene of pleasurable feelings of innocence and elegance.
+The introduction of flowers into our rooms infuses the same sensations,
+but intermingles them more with our domestic comforts; so that we feel,
+as it were, in closer contact with them. The succession might be kept up
+for the greater part of the year; and even in winter, evergreens will
+supply their places, and, in some respects, contrast well with the
+season. Many fail in preserving the beauty of plants in their
+apartments, because they do not give them sufficient light. Some species
+do well with much less light than others. Light is as necessary to them
+as air. They should not be too often shifted from one place to another.
+Those who will take the trouble, may quicken the growth of some plants,
+so as to have spring flowers in winter. Thus Autumn and Spring might be
+connected; and flowers blooming in the Winter of our gloomy climate
+possess double attraction.
+
+In the flower garden alcove, books are doubly grateful. As in the
+library ornamented with flowers they seem to be more enjoyed, so their
+union there is irresistibly attracting. To enjoy reading under such
+circumstances most, works of imagination are preferable to abstract
+subjects. Poetry and romance--"De Vere" and "Pelham"--lighter history--
+the lively letters of the French school, like those of Sevigne and
+others--or natural history--these are best adapted to peruse amidst
+sweets and flowers: in short, any species of writing that does not keep
+the mind too intently fixed to allow the senses to wander occasionally
+over the scene around, and catch the beauty of the rich vegetation. To
+me the enjoyment derived from the union of books and flowers is of the
+very highest value among pleasurable sensations.
+
+For my own part, I manage very well without the advantage of a
+greenhouse. The evergreens serve me in winter. Then the Lilacs come in,
+followed by the Guelder Rose and Woodbine, the latter trained in a pot
+upon circular trellis-work. After this there can be no difficulty in
+choosing, as the open air offers every variety. I arrange all my library
+and parlour-plants in a room in my dwelling-house facing the south,
+having a full portion of light, and a fireplace. I promote the growth of
+my flowers for the early part of the year by steam-warmth, and having
+large tubs and boxes of earth, I am at no loss, in my humble
+conservatory, for flowers of many kinds when our climate offers none.
+The trouble attending them is all my own, and is one of those
+employments which never appear laborious. Those who have better
+conveniences may proceed on a larger scale; but I contrive to keep up a
+due succession, which to a floral epicure is every thing. To be a day in
+the year without seeing a flower is a novelty to me, and I am persuaded
+much more might be done with my humble means than I have effected, had I
+sufficient leisure to attend to the retarding or forcing them. I cover
+every space in my sitting-room with these beautiful fairy things of
+creation, and take so much delight in the sight of them, that I cannot
+help recommending those of limited incomes, like myself, to follow my
+example and be their own nurserymen. The rich might easily obtain them
+without; but what they procure by gold, the individual of small means
+must obtain by industry. I know there are persons to whom the flowers of
+Paradise would be objects of indifference; but who can imitate, or envy
+such? They are grovellers, whose coarseness of taste is only fitted for
+the grossest food of life. The pleasures "des Fleurs et des Livres" are,
+as Henry IV. observed of his child, "the property of all the world."
+
+_New Monthly Magazine._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PRINCIPLES OF BLACKWOOD'S MAGAZINE.
+
+
+_Shepherd_. (_Standing up_.) It's on principles like these--boldly and
+unblushingly avoo'd here--in Mr. Awmrose's paper-parlour, at the
+conclusion o' the sixth brodd, on the evening o' Monday the 22nd o'
+September, Anno Domini aughteen hunder and twunty-aught, within twa
+hours o' midnicht--that you, sir, have been yeditin' a Maggasin that has
+gone out to the uttermost corners o' the yerth, wherever civilization or
+uncivilization is known, deludin' and distracktin' men and women folk,
+till it's impossible for them to ken their right hand frae their left--
+or whether they're standin' on their heels or their heads--or what byeuk
+ought to be perused, and what byeuk puttin intil the bottom o' pye-
+dishes, and trunks--or what awthor hissed, or what awthor hurraa'd--or
+what's flummery and what's philosophy--or what's rant and what's
+religion--or what's monopoly and what's free tredd--or wha's poets or
+wha's but Pats--or whether it's best to be drunk, or whether it's best
+to be sober a' hours o' the day and nicht--or if there should be rich
+church establishments as in England, or poor kirk ones as in Scotland--
+or whether the Bishop o' Canterbury, wi' twenty thousan' a-year, is mair
+like a primitive Christian than the Minister o' Kirkintulloch wi' twa
+hunder and fifty--or if folk should aye be readin' sermons or fishin'
+for sawmon--or if it's best to marry or best to burn--or if the national
+debt hangs like a millstone round the neck o' the kintra or like a chain
+o' blae-berries--or if the Millennium be really close at haun'--or the
+present Solar System be calculated to last to a' eternity--or whether
+the people should be edicated up to the highest pitch o' perfection, or
+preferably to be all like trotters through the Bog o' Allen--or whether
+the government should subsedeeze foreign powers, or spend a' its sillar
+on oursells--or whether the Blacks and the Catholics should be
+emancipawted or no afore the demolition o' Priests and Obis--or whether
+(God forgie us baith for the hypothesis) man has a mortal or an immortal
+sowl--be a Phoenix--or an Eister!--_From the Noctes_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CURSES OF ABSENTEEISM.
+
+
+What is the condition of the country-seat of the absentee proprietor?
+The mansion-house deserted and closed; the approaches to it ragged and
+grass grown; the chimneys, "those windpipes of good hospitality," as an
+old English poet calls them, giving no token of the cheerful fire
+within; the gardens running to waste, or, perchance, made a source of
+menial profit; the old family servants dismissed, and some rude bailiff,
+or country attorney, ruling paramount in the place. The surrounding
+cottagers, who have derived their support from the vicinage, deprived of
+this, pass into destitution and wretchedness; either abandoning their
+homes, throwing themselves upon parish relief, or seeking provision by
+means yet more desperate. The farming tenantry, though less immediately
+dependent, yet all partake, more or less, in the evil. The charities and
+hospitalities which belong to such a mansion lie dormant; the clergyman
+is no longer supported and aided in his important duties; the family pew
+in the church is closed; and the village churchyard ceases to be a place
+of pleasant meeting, where the peasant's heart is gladdened by the
+kindly notice of his landlord.
+
+It is the struggle against retrenchment, the "paupertatis pudor et
+fuga," which has caused hundreds of English families, of property and
+consideration, to desert their family places, and to pass year after
+year in residence abroad. At the close of each London season, the
+question too often occurs as to the best mode of evading return to the
+country; and the sun of summer, instead of calling back the landlord to
+his tenants, and to the harvests of his own lands, sends him forth to
+the meagre adventures of continental roads and inns.--_Quarterly Rev._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SOLILOQUY.
+
+THE KING OF DARKNESS.
+
+_On the Fallen Angels._
+
+
+  They're gone to ply their ineffectual labour,--
+  To sow in guilt what they must reap in woe,--
+  Heaping upon themselves more deep damnation.
+  Thus would I have it.--Little once I thought,
+  When leagued with me in crime and punishment
+  They fell,--condemned to an eternity
+  Of exile from all joy and holiness--
+  And the first stains of sinfulness and sorrow
+  Fell blight-like o'er their cherub lineaments--
+  Myself the cause--Albeit too proud for tears,
+  Yet touch'd with their sad doom, I little thought
+  I e'er should hate them thus.--Yet thus I hate them,
+  With all that bitter agony of soul
+  Which is the punishment of fiends. Alas!
+  It was my high ambition, to hold sway,
+  Sole, paramount, unquestion'd, o'er a third
+  Of Heaven's resplendent legions:--Power and glory
+  Dwelt on them, like an elemental essence
+  That could not be destroyed.--I could not deem
+  That aught could so extinguish the pure fire
+  Of their sun-like beauty--yet 'tis changed!--
+  I gain'd them to my wish, and they are grown
+  Too hateful to be look'd on.--Thus I've seen
+  The frail fair dupe of amorous perfidy,
+  The victim of a smile,--by man beguiled--
+  Won to debasement, and then left in loathing:--
+  Alas! I cannot leave my fatal conquest!--
+  Man! would I were the humblest mortal wretch,
+  That crawls beneath yon shadowing temple's tower,
+  Under the sky of Canaan; so I might
+  Lay down this weight of sceptred misery,
+  And fly for ever from myself and these!
+  But Pride reproves the wish; and--it is useless;
+  The unatonable deeds of ages rise
+  Like clouds between me and the throne of Grace.
+  I may not hope,--or fear,--still unsubdued,
+  As when I ruled the anarchy of Heaven,
+  I stand in Fate's despite,--firm and impassive
+  To all that Chance, and Time, and Ruin bring.
+  --In that disastrous day, when this vast world
+  Shall, like a tempest-shaken edifice,
+  Rock into giant fractures--as the sound
+  Of the Archangel's trump, upon the deep,
+  Bids fall the bonds of nature, to let forth
+  Destruction's formless fiend from world to world,
+  Trampling the stars to darkness,--Even then,
+  Like that proud Roman exile, musing o'er
+  The dust of fallen Carthage, I shall stand,
+  Myself a solemn wreck, calm and unmoved
+  Among the ruins of the works of God.
+  And my last look shall be a look of triumph
+  O'er the fallen pillars of the deep and sky;
+  The wreck of nature by my deeds prepared--
+  Deeds--which o'erpay the power of Destiny.
+
+_Blackwood's Magazine._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+THE GATHERER.
+
+  "A snapper-up of unconsidered trifles."
+
+  SHAKSPEARE.
+
+
+ON A PICTURE OF HERO AND LEANDER.
+
+_By T. Hood_.
+
+
+    Why, Lover, why
+  Such a water-rover?
+  Would she love thee more
+  For coming _half seas over_?
+
+    Why, Lady, why
+  So in love with dipping?
+  Must a lad of _Greece_
+  Come all over _dripping_?
+
+    Why, Cupid, why
+  Make the passage brighter?
+  Were not any boat
+  Better than a _lighter_?
+
+    Why, Maiden, why
+  So intrusive standing?
+  Must thou be on the stair,
+  When he's on the _landing_?
+
+_The Gem._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+On a tombstone in the churchyard of Christchurch, Hants, is the
+following curious inscription, which I copied on the spot. Perhaps some
+of your numerous readers can explain the same:--
+
+    WE WERE NOT SLAYNE BVT RAYSD
+    RAYSD NOT TO LIFE
+    BVT TO BE BVRIED TWICE
+    BY MEN OF STRIFE
+
+    WHAT REST COVLD'TH LIVING HAVE
+    WHEN DEAD HAD NONE
+    AGREE AMONGST YOV
+    HERE WE TEN ARE ONE
+    HEN: ROGERS DIED APRILL 17, 1641.
+               I R.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+EPICURISM.
+
+
+Thomas a Becket gave five pounds, equivalent to seventy-five pounds of
+the present money, for a dish of eels.
+
+HALBERT H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+A famous scholar of the last century, when a boy, was exceedingly fond
+of the Greek language, and after he had been a short time at school, had
+acquired so much of the sound of the language, that when at home at
+dinner one day his father said, "Shall you not be glad, Harry, when you
+can tell me the names of every dish on the table in Greek?" "Yes," said
+he; "but I think I know what it must be." "Do you?" said the father;
+"what do you know about Greek?"--"Nothing," said the boy; "but I think I
+can guess from the sound of it what it would be." "Well, say then," said
+the father. He quickly replied, "Shouldromoton, alphagous, pasti-
+venizon." It appears the dinner consisted of a shoulder of mutton, half
+a goose, and venison pasty.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+SNUFF AND TOBACCO.
+
+
+In the year 1797, was circulated the following proposals for publishing
+by subscription, a History of Snuff and Tobacco, in Two Volumes:--
+
+Vol. 1.--To contain a description of the nose--size of noses--a
+digression on Roman noses--whether long noses are symptomatic--origin of
+tobacco--tobacco first manufactured into snuff--inquiry who took the
+first pinch--essay on sneezing--whether the ancients sneezed, and at
+what--origin of pocket handkerchiefs--discrimination between snuffing
+and taking snuff; the former only applied to candles--parliamentary
+snuff-takers--troubles in the time of Charles I. as connected with
+smoking.
+
+Vol. 2.--Snuff-takers in the parliamentary army--wit at a pinch--oval
+snuff-boxes first used by the roundheads--manufacture of tobacco
+pipes--dissertation on pipe-clay--state of snuff during the
+commonwealth--the union--Scotch snuff first introduced--found very
+pungent and penetrating--accession of George II.--snuff-boxes then made
+of gold and silver--George III.--Scotch snuff first introduced at
+court--the queen, German snuffs in fashion--female snuff-takers--clean
+tuckers, & c. &c--Index and List of Subscribers.
+
+C.F.E.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE "ILL WIND," &c.
+
+
+  In debt, deserted, and forlorn,
+    A melancholy elf
+  Resolved, upon a Monday morn,
+    To go and hang himself.
+  He reach'd the tree, when lo! he views
+    A pot of gold conceal'd;
+  He snatch'd it up, threw down the noose,
+    And scamper'd from the field.
+  The owner came--found out the theft,
+    And, having scratch'd his head,
+  Took up the rope the other left,
+    And hung himself, instead.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+OLD COOKERY.
+
+
+Gastronomers will feel a natural desire to know what was considered the
+"best universal sauce in the world," in the boon days of Charles II., at
+least what was accounted such, by the Duke of York, who was instructed
+to prepare it by the Spanish ambassador. It consisted of parsley, and a
+dry toast pounded in a mortar, with vinegar, salt, and pepper. The
+modern English would no more relish his royal highness's taste in
+condiments than in religion. A fashionable or cabinet dinner of the same
+period consisted of "a dish of marrow-bones, a leg of mutton, a dish of
+fowl, three pullets, and a dozen larks, all in a dish; a great tart, a
+neat's tongue, a dish of anchovies, a dish of prawns, and cheese." At
+the same period, a supper-dish, when the king supped with his mistress,
+Lady Castlemaine, was "a chine of beef roasted."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+OLD EPITAPH.
+
+
+  As I was, so are ye,
+  As I am, you shall be.
+  That I had, that I gave,
+  That I gave, that I have.
+  Thus I end all my cost,
+  That I left, that I lost.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+IMPROMPTU TO ----, ON HER MARRIAGE WITH MR. WILLIAM  P----.
+
+
+    When ladies they wed,
+    It ever is said
+  That their _freedom_ away they have thrown;
+    But you've not done so,
+    For we very well know
+  You will have a _Will_ of your own.
+
+C.K.W.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PAINTERS.
+
+
+Lavater affirms, that no one whose person is not well formed can become
+a good physiognomist. Those painters were the best whose persons were
+the handsomest. Reubens, Vandyke, and Raphael possessed three gradations
+of beauty, and possessed three gradations of painting.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ELYSIAN SOUP.
+
+
+The French have a soup which they call "_Potage a la Camerani_" of which
+it is said "a single spoonful will lap the palate in Elysium; and while
+one drop remains on the tongue, each other sense is eclipsed by the
+voluptuous thrilling of the lingual nerves!"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+A JAPANESE BEAUTY.
+
+
+Her face was oval, her features regular, and her little mouth, when
+open, disclosed a set of shining, black lacquered teeth; her hair was
+black, and rolled up in the form of a turban, without any ornament,
+except a few tortoiseshell combs; she had sparkling, dark eyes, was
+about the middle size, and elegantly formed; her dress consisted of six
+wadded silk garments, similar to our night-gowns, each fastened round
+the lower part of the waist by a separate band, and drawn close together
+from the girdle downwards; they were all of different colours, and the
+uppermost was black.
+
+U.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+GOOD LIVING.
+
+
+I hate a fellow who was never young; he is like a dull Italian year,
+where the trees are always in leaf, and when the only way of knowing the
+difference of the seasons is by referring to an almanack. The
+inconstancy of the spring may surely be excused for the steady warmth of
+summer and the rich plenty of autumn; then comes the hoar of winter old
+gentleman, and closes the scene not ungracefully.--_Old Play._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Purchasers of the MIRROR, who may wish to complete their sets are
+informed, that every volume is complete in itself, and may be purchased
+separately. The whole of the numbers are now in print, and can be
+procured by giving an order to any Bookseller or Newsvender.
+
+Complete sets Vol I. to XI. in boards, price L2. 19_s_. 6_d_. half
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+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
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+
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+
+The MICROCOSM. By the Right Hon. G. CANNING. &c. Price 2s.
+
+PLUTARCH'S LIVES, with Fifty Portraits, 2 vols. price 13s. boards.
+
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+
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+
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+
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+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement,
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